IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)

C/j

1.0

l.i

125

IIM III 2.5

ilM 112,2

!!lil6

2.0

1.8

1-4 111.6

C/a

^ >

Photographic

Sciences
Corporation

^N^

^
^

%<?

23 WlST main street

WEBSTER, NY. 14S80

(716) 872-4503

.- <<

f,^

CIHM/ICMH

Microfiche

Series.

CIHM/ICMH
Collection de
microfiches.

Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques

1980

Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes tei hniques et bibliographiques

The Institute has attempted to obtain the best
original copy available for filming. Features of this
copy which may be bibliographically unique,
which may alter any of the images in the
reproduction, or which may significantly change
the usual method of filming, are checked below.

Coloured covers/
Couverture de couleur

I I Covers damaged/

Couverture endommagee

Covers restored and/or laminated/
Couverture restaurde et/ou pellicul^e

Cover title missing/

Le titre de couverture manque

Coloured maps/

Cartes g^ographiques en couleur

Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/
Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire)

Coloured plates and/or illustrations/
Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur

Bound with other material/
Reli6 avec d'autres documents

Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion
along interior margin/

La reliure serree peut causer de I'ombre ou de la
distortion le long de la marge int^rieure

Blank leaves added during restoration may
appear within the text. Whenever possible, these
have been omitted from filming/
II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajout4es
lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte,
mais, lorsque cela dtait possible, ces pages n'ont
pas 6t6 filmdes.

Additional comments:/
Commentaires suppldmentaires:

L'ini'.titut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire
qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Les details
de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-dtre uniques du
point de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier
une iniage reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une
modification dans la m^thode normale de filmage
sont iniiquds ci-dessous.

I I Coloured pages/

Pages de couleur

Pages damaged/
Pages erdommagdes

Pages restored and/oi

Pages restaur^es M/ou pellicul^es

Pages discoloured, stained or foxe(
Pages d^color^es, tachetdes '^u piqu^es

Pages detached/
Pages d^tach^es

I I Pages damaged/

I I Pages restored and/or laminated/

I I Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/

I I Pages detached/

I I Showthrough/

Transparence

□ Quality of print varies/
Quality in6gale de I'impression

□ Includes supplementary material/
Comi

Comprend du materiel supplementaire

Only edition available/
Seule Edition disponible

Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata
slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to
ensure the best possible image/
Les pages totalement ou partiellement
obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure,
etc., ont dt6 filmdes d nouveau de fagon i
obtenir la meilleure image possible.

This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/

Ce document est film6 au taux de reduction indiqu6 ci-dessous.

10X 14X 18X 22X

12X

16X

20X

26X

SOX

24X

28X

32X

The copy filmed here has Jheen reproduced thanks
to the generosity of:

Douglas Library
Queen's University

The images appearing here are the best quality
possible considering the condition and legibility
of the original copy and in keeping with the
filming contract specifications.

Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed
beginning with the front cover and ending on
the last page with a printed or illustrated impres-
sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All
other original copies are filmed beginning on the
first page with a printed or illustrated impres-
sion, and ending on the last page with a printed
or illustrated impression.

The last recorded frame on each microfiche
shall contain the symbol — *> (meaning "CON-
TINUED "), or the symbol V (meaning "END"),
whichever applies.

Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at
different reduction ratios. Those too large to be
entirely included in one exposure are filmed
beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to
right and top to bottom, as many frames as
required. The following diagrams illustrate the
method:

L'exemplaire filmd fut reproduit grdce d la
g^nirositd de:

Douglas Library
Queen's University

Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le
plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et
de la nettet6 de l'exemplaire filmd, et en
conformity avec les conditions du contrat de
filmage.

Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en
papier est imprim6e sont film^s en commenpant
par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la
dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte
d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second
plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires
originaux sont film^s en commengant par la
premidre page qui comporte une empreinte
d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par
la dernidre page qui comporte une telle
empreinte.

Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la
dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le
cas: le symbole — ► signifie "A SUIVRE", le
symbole V signifie "FIN ".

Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre
film^s d des taux de reduction diff^rents.
Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtrn
reproduit en un seul clichd, il est filmd d partir
de Tangle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite,
et de haut en has, en prenant le nombre
d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrrmmes suivants
illustrent la mdthode.

¥^*ifi

THE SCIENCE

IDEAL THEOLOGY.

AS TACGUr BY

THE BIBLE

'-1^

4 -

.7 /

THE BIBLE

READ BY THE LIGHT OF

Ideal Science.

»• ^ w«-i

K U KLOS

(JOHN HARRIS.)

PRINTED BY THE LOVELL PRINTING & PUBLISHING CO.

December, 1874.

6€ "540. VA5

■%r- ■ 'V'i,

T(» THE

THl^: XINU OF SCIENCE,

AND THK SUJ.KKMK HEAD OK T II K

CHRISTIAN CHURCH

THIS BOOK

IS HUMBLY A\J) HEVKRJiNTLY

J3c(liratrrt.

15469

PKEFACE.

Havino regard to the supremely grave subjects treated
of in this book, we beg to state that it lias been written
throughout in a spirit of reverence ; not only of spiritual
reverence in the highest degree to the Father of Spirits,
whose sacred Word forms tlie basis as well as furnishes
the subjects of this book, but also of reverence and re-
spect for opinions and doctrines which have become
almost hallowed by the devotional feelings with which
they have long been regarded by very many persons.

To disturb the settled opinions or conclusions of the
public on any important question unnecessarily, unrea-
sonably, or on insufficient grounds, is injm-ious ; and, if
the subject belong to the fundamental doctrit»es of reli-
gion, the injury thus done to the public mind may be
extremely great.

We here state that whatever responsibility attaches to
this case we take upon ourselves without hesitation, but
we do so deliberately and advisediv, with a careful reco"--
nition of that responsibility, and, as alreau". stated, in a
spirit of reverence to the sacred nature of the subject.

For the most part, what is herein communicated to
the public is in the form of positive i:eaching. Unneces-
sary argument, and even the unnecessary mixing up of
conclusions with the process oi reasoning by which they
are arrived at, tends rather to confuse than to fiicilitate
the just appreciation of the conclusions.

We feel assured that calm and carefid examination,
under the guidance and influence of the Spirit of Wisdom
will show the conclusions herein stated to be approved
and supported by Truth and Reason.

Montreal, Decendjer U^th, 1874.

IDEAL SCIENCE.

The Suujects of the Bible and the nature of
THE Record.

The general suhject of the Buile is— The divine edu-
cation of mankind, froni a state of barbarism and supersti-
tious ignorance, to the enlightened knowledge of science
and the distinct cognition of God, whicli belongs to an
advanced stage of civilization.

The general subject includes as particular subjects: —
(I). Tlie [»sychological education of huinanit}', (i.e.,
the education of the human intellect, or human mind in
the abstract.)

(2). The education of men (as inhabitants of the earth
subject to the tem[(oral government of God) to the
knowledge of God and of His laws, in His relation to
men as temporal Ruler and Judge of all the earth.

(3). The spiritual education of men (considering tlie
human life as a preparation for a higher spiritual exist-
ence, namely, for the state of full son-ship to God) to
the knowledge of God and of His laws, in His relation
to men as spiritual Head and Heavenly Father.

Note. — Those chapters with which the Bible commences, containing tho
systematic and particular account of the Creation, form the substantial
basis upon which human science and civilization fundamentally rest ; it is
doubtless for that reason and to supply that necessity, that those supremely
important chapters precede the commencement of the educational record
The present examination will not include any further notice of those
chapters.

THE NATURE OF THE RECORD.

The Record Describes — The choice of an indivi-
dual man, by direct revelation of God, whose family
under a promise and covenant of God becomes a nation ;
which nation subjected to direct discipline, instruction,
and guidance of tui especial character by Him, becomes
in its developement and in the history of its vicissitudes
the progressive typical representative of . .

(J.) The iutelleciual progress from ignorance to civili-
zation of the whole Iiumau race.

(2.) The appointment, discipline and development of
the church of God, (i.e., of the chosen witnesses and
spiritual subjects of God considered collectively.

(3.) The discipline, instruction and development of
the individual human-mind called by the Spirit of God
from a sensual state of degradation to become fitted for
the higher spiritual existence.

But, as the national progress and political vicissitudes
of the Hebrew race were representative and typical of
the educational progress and intellectual vicissitudes of
the human race collectively, so the prophetic instructions,
denunciations ^. d promises, which, primarily, had refer-
ence to the events then occurring in the history of that
particular race, have a more general signification and a
deeper intellectual application to the educational pro-
gress, and the more advanced intellectual condition, at a
later period, of the civilized human race collectively.

The Figurativk Language of Ideal Science,
as adapted to the purpose of the Bible.

Scriptural types. Spiritual signijicatims,

(Definitions.)

Hills and ^fountains. — Divisions of human Science.
(/. e. Divisions of knou^edge arranged systematically by
man, Jiills being the lesser, and mountains the greater
divisions.

A man. — A mind more or less educated.

A People or Nation. — A great number ol minds
united by general agreement as to certain fundamental
doctrines, propositions and conclusions, {i. e. in agree-
ment as to a certain system of knowledge).

An Army The intellectually trained and highly

educated representiitivos of the nation.

A Tribe or tamiiij — Subdivision of the people or
nation.

A Prince or Ring. — A teacher, verbose doctrines are
nccepted as authoritative by a great number of minds.*

A Country.— A division of general civilization, and,
more particularly, a religions system of a comprehensive
character, e.g. European-civilization may be considered
a country ; and, in the more strict sense, Christianity
and Mohammedanism are considered each a country,
whilst the minds professing Christianity or Mohamme-
danism, respectively, constitute the nation of Christians
or Mohammedans.

A Fenced City— A religious or intellectual system
of a more limited and sirictly defined character ; as for
example, the Church of England.

• A prince, may be, therefore, spoken of as existent and present, so long
as his teaching continues to exercise influence, notwitiistanding that, in
the natural sense, the individual teacher referred to may have been long
dead.

LANGUAGE OF IDEAL SCIENCE.

The names of the various nations, into which the-
civilized work! is, or has been divided, are taken to
represent, and distinguish between, certain conditions
or phases of intellectual development; but are also
typically related to certain religious systems, or forms of
religion, established in various parts of the world.

The names of places are used in the same manner to
represent the subdivisions of religious systems.

Of Nations.

Egypt.— (.\) The condition of intellectual darkness:
more particularly denotes unenlightened and false reli-
gious beliefs, .such as, the ancient systems of Egypt and
Arabia lience (2) idolatrous corruptions of Christi-
anity of a sensual description, modern pantheism.

Persia.— (I) Natural superstition, (i. e. the deifi-
cation of nature). Religious system of a materialistic
description: More particularly materialistic idolatry.,
hence (2) modern materialism, .the belief in nature
as in itself supreme, and in the laws of natural science
as self-existent and unchan'^eable.

Assi/ria. — (1) Ideal superstition. Intellectual but
idolatrous religious system.. for example, the religious
system of ancient Greece as understood by the edu-
cated and more enliglitened Greeks hence, (2),

idolatrous corruptions of Christianity of an ideal
character.

Bahylonia. — (1) ^Mysticism. Religious system of a
mystical and metaphysical description, as for example,
tlie religious systems of India and China. . . .hence (2)
]\Iodern mysticism in science and religion, based on tlie
self-sufficiency (supremacy) of the human intellect^
mystical corruptions of Christianity, metaphysical theo-
logy.

LANGUAGE OF IDEAL SCIENCE.

Of Countries and Toivns.

Canaaa Christianity. . . .to which belongs :

The Kwfjdoni of Israel— (1). Distinct belief in
the Per3onaiity and Attributes of God . . Sound
system of Tlieology hence, (2) Spiricual reali-
zation (cognition) of God. Sincere (real) Christian
belief.

Judea, — The Protestant-Episcopal and Roman-Ca-
thohc systems of Christianity.

Jerusalem — The Episcopnl or traditionally apostolical
system of Christianity. Ortliodox Episcopal system of
Theology as now taught.

Samaria. — Protestant,-non-episcopal (Sectarian) sys-
tems of Christiaiiit}'.

Philistria. — (The conntry of the Phitistines) — Various
forms or phases of Atlicisin. Practical disbelief uf Chris-
tianity (flisbclicf of the Bible.)

Moah. — Belief in the natural life, or lower nature
of the human existence, as final. Utilitarian system of
religion. Intellectual system in which religion and
science are made subservient to the terrestrial (present)
state of existence. Naturalistic or Materialistic religious
system, based on confidence in the knowledge conveyed
by thenatural senses only. Disbelief in Divine revelation
and Spiritual existence, arising from Materialism. Prac-
tical-sense and ]\Iaterialistic corruptions of Christianity

Edom. — Sensualism (in the sense of educated Ani-
mcdism.) Contempt of the intellectual Spiritual nature.
Christianity made subservient to the pleasures of the
lower existence.

Rome. — Mammon worship. Devotion to social and
business pursuits. Sacrifice of religious duty to expedi-
ency and temporal policy.

Babylon. — False Spiritual piiilosopliy. Substitu-
tion of intellectual abstrac<'ons for belief in the liviu"-
Ood. Mystical Religion. JMetaphysical demouology.

Note.— The name ol' the country siirnifies the collective intellectual
chiiracteristic of a number of mimls. The mime of a person signifies the in-
tellectual phase or psychoh)gieal characteristic of the iiumiinmina. For ex-
ample. . Edom signihes sensualism as a national or social vice, to which a
section of the civilized world has subjected itself. Esau signifies sensualism
as a i)sychological phase of the individual human mind.

THE TYPICAL NARRATIVE OP THE RECORD, AND THE
SPIRITUAL SIGNIFICATION.

Abraham, — in his individual character, by his ac-
tions, and in the actual events of his life as set forth in
the record, is the primary type of the reverent and intelli-
gent natiu'al mind, .which readily accepts the instruction
of God's Holy Spirit, and which, roahzing the Personality
and attributes of the living God, becomes perfectly trust-
ful and willingly obedient to His spiritual and temporal
government. And is particularly the typ)e 0/ unhesitating
submission and spiritual resignation to the Will of God.

Esaii. — The primary type of Sensualism, i.e., the
subjection of the intellectual and higher (human) nature
to the lusts and demands of the sensual and lower
(human) nature. And of spiritual irreverence ; of careless
disregard to the revelation of God's Word : q/' indulgence
in the enjoyments of the present state of existence as
final.

Jacob — The primary type of industry and persever-
ance based on a distinct recognition of intellectual re-
sponsibility, and belief in God's providence, .hence, also,
the type 0/ legitimate intellectual industry and of scientific
persistence in the endeavour to acquire sound knowledge.
The Tinelve ^ Typically. — The sons of intellectual in-
S<ms of > dustry. Representatives of tlie divisions

Jacob. ^ of intellectual life in civilized communities
of the human race; and (psychologically) of intellectual
phases of the educated or intellectually developed human
mind. Thus, e.g., i\x(\vLh, primarily the type of policy and
expediency, and erejif^<a% of statesmanship. And Levi,
who becomes, through his descendants, the represen-
tative of an approved and specially trained priesthood.

Joseph ... The primary type of rectitude of life
based on the spiritual realization of the providence, wis-
dom and omnipotence of God. .. And particularly the
%;eo/ Faith (trustful belief in God) . . illustrating, by his
life, the higher intellectual development vviiicli results
from faith.

THE TYPICAL NATION.

The Children of Israel ) (i- e., the children of intel-
in the Wilderness, \ lectual industry in the wil-
derness of doubt and uncertainty,) represent the com-
mencement atld gradual development of human educa-
tion from emergence out of the animalism and gross
superstition of ignorance unto a state of civilization and
intellectual enlightenment. The characteristics of per-
verse human nature, spiritually untrained and unable to
understand {I. e. to spiritually apprehend) God's name,
are typically exemplified in their conduct and progress. . .
Frequently dispirited by continual tailure and slow pro-
gress ; want of persistence ; impatience of discipline ;
frequent repinings at the self-denial and (mental) toil
required in the pursuit of higher knowledge. .Continual
forgetfulness of the Creator and want of reliance on His
providence. . Disregard of the manifestations of His power
and wisdom, and of the instruction and guidance of His
Holy Spirit. . . .Perverseness in continually relapsing into
superstition, and having recourse to illegitimate means of
attempting to acquire knowledge. .Frequent repudiation
of (rebellion against) the authority of sound theology, i.e.,
of religious teaching based on the revelation of God. .
This last is tjjpificd in the occasioned repudiation of the
authoritji of Moses hij the Hebrew Israelites as d leader
appointed and approved hi/ God. And, in their eventual
rejection of God as their King, is tupified the spiritual
rejection of God^s spiritual sovereignty hy those who have
had the advantage of relif/ious instruction and intellectual
tr ininy.*

Moses. . . Typical representative of the science of
Natural Tiieolugy. . . .Commences his life in the age of
intellectual darkness (kingdom of Egypt) . .Becomesastu-
dent and teacher of traditional theology (keeps liis father-
in-law's sheep). .Contemplates the ])henomena of Nature
the burning busii) . .Recognises evidences of the omni-

* But the rejection of God as tlu'ir temporal king by the Hebrew Israel-
ites /fr/nw/'iVy typified the rejection of Jesua Christiis tlieir intellectual king
by the Jews.

THE TYPICAL NATION.

potenca and providence of God manifested in nature. .
Accepts tlie revelation of God's power and attributes, at
first doubtingly and with hesitation, afterwards with con-
fidence and decision . . Becomes the teacher and leader of
his brethren, (i. e. uhalhj, of all other divisions of know-
ledge naturally, of the civilized human race ;)* and tlie

witness to them of God.

B j it observed, however, tlmt Moses is the type of
sound Natural Science, and of a natural (terrestrial)
cognition of God as Creator and Supreme Governor of
the earth. Moses is himself almost unelucated in Ideal
Science, unable to apprehend the spiritual nature of God
and to understand the deeper intellectual meaning of the
instruction of God's Holy Spirit. In the more advanced
stage of Imman education, when the intellectual entrance
of tlie Israelites into Canaan is about to commence, the
teaching and function of Moses is, with regard to the
intellectual and higher nature of mankind, supplemented
and superseded by that of Jesus, who, as teacher, repre-
sents Ideal Science. Tiie teaching of the latter, however,
may be wholly or partially apprehenrled in a merely
intellectual sense, or may be spiritually apprehended in
the higher sense. For full spiritual apprehension of the
ideal teaching, intellectual education, and the intellec-
tual training belonging thereto, is requisite.

A double signification of tlie type now becomes distin-
guishable, for evidently the first (intellectual) realization
of the primary typs is itself typical of a later (spiritual)
realization. In order tliat this two-fold signification may
be distinctly appreliended, let us compare the first with
the second as foUows : —

* Moses b-comes primarily tlic foniuler of Xntiiral Tlioologj; but, since
Natural .Science ia base I upo:! Natural Tlieob)g3', ami since Meal Science
is, humanly sneaking, basei also ujion Natural Theology ; Moses may be
considered the (human) founder of human Science.

SIGNIFICATION OF THE TYPE.

THE First (Intellectual) Significaton.

The entrance of the Israelites into Canaan, under the
human visible leadership of Josiiua, subject to si^iritual
control and guidance. . Typical of: —

The irresistible progress of Christianity nnder the in-
tellectual Icadershij) of Jesus, subject to spiritual control
and guidance.

Tlie enemies of intellectual education and of Ideal
Theology (i. e. Christianity) overthrown by the Israel-
ites (Christians.)

Jordan. — Ideal Science.

The Arh of the Coveiiant. —The doctrine of

Christianity.
The High Priest . . realised in the Christian Church.

The appointed Saerifces . . in the self-denial, self-dis-
cipline, sacrifice of pride, confession and repent-
ance of sin before God, enjoined on Christians
as essential duties.

The continual burnt offering . . in the religious ser-
vices of the Christian church.

The Tabernacle in the Sacrament of the

Holy Communion.

Jericho. — Pagan system of religion, existent at the time
wlien the development of sound tlieology, under
spiritual instruction and supervision, commenced ;
'/. e, at the commencement of the Christian dispen-
sation, when tlie Israelites (Christians) under the
leadersliip of Jesus, first entered the intellectual
Canaan (the realm of Ideal Science.)

'Jhe Canaanites. — Pagan religions. Superstitions and
Idolatries.

The 3Ioahites.— The Pagan and Natural Materialism
which opposed the reception of Christianity.

TJte AmaJel'ites. — Animal sensualism. Devotion to the
gross pleasures of the natural life.

SiaNIFICATION OF THE TYPE.

^0<^g, {King of the ^ma^cl^Vcs)— Self-assertion. Selfish-
ness, in the nnintellectual or gross sense.

The Amorifes.— The Natural Passions. Uncontrolled
desires. Covetousness. Hatred. &c,

T/ie Midianttes.—FolytheisticUohtry. Traditional un-
sound Theology.

-Saa?.— Wilfulness, Pagan form of insincere religious
profession.

B(Caam.—iThe Minister of Baal) -The wilful insincere
priest.

The Second (Spiritual) Signification.

The entrance of the Israelites into Canaan under th.?
human visible leadership of Joshua, subject to spiritual
control and guidance . . Typical of: —

The irresistible progress of sound theology under the
leadersMp of (spiritual) Science,

The enemies of tlie higher intellectual education, and
of Spiritual Science, overtln-ovvn by the Israelites
(Spiritually enlightened behevers in God.)

Jordan . — Spiritual Science.

Jericho. — An established religious system based on
unsound Theology. (Corrupt form of Cliristianity.)

The CauaamteH — False doctrines. Superstitions, and
unsound forms of belief.

Tlie Moahites. — Intellectual Materialism. Belief in
nature as self-existent and supreme.

SIGNIFICATION OP THE TYPE.

The Amdlekites. — Intellectuul Sensualism. Devotion
to the pleasures of the natural life, including devotion to
literary, artistic or scientific pursuits and to intellec-
tual sejf-culture, as pleasures, or as obj«!cts, in themselves,
of supreme importance.

Afjag.—(King of the Amahkitns).~lntQ\\ect\m\ self-as-
sertion. Exclusiveness. Egoism. Intellectual pride.

The Amorites. — Prejudice. Bigotry,
j udgment.

Passionate

The Mldlanites. —InieWectnal Superstition. Impure
system of Theology. The idolatrous (spiritually unen-
lightened) worship of God, belonging to a semi-educated
state of the human mind.

Baal. — Intellectual wilfulness. The nominal insin-
cere) worship of God.

Balaam. — {The Minister of Baal.)* The insincere
priest or minister of the gospel, .teaching and professing
submission to tlie will of God, but actually, distrust-
ful, prejudiced, wilful, and disobedient.

THE RECORD OF THE TYPICAL NATION,

David From the record of David's early life, it is

evident that by his ready acceptance of the instructions
of the Holy Spirit, by his coi^dence and truthfulness in
God, and willing obedience to His commands, .he was of
the seed of Abraham ; which signifies that, according to
the law of spiritual filiation, he hccame intellectualhj a mn
of Abraham but, moreover, the mind of David, prepared

*Balaam— 13 (psychologically) the type ot an intellectually trained and (in
a natural sense) highly educated condition of mind, but which is, neverthe-
less, unable to spiritually apprehend God's name in consequence of pre-
judice, intellectual pride, stubborn wilfulness, and distrust arising from
insinceritv.

THE TVPICAL NATION.

and instructed by the Holy Spirit, conceived the ideal of a
perfect liunmn teacher of Spiritual Science, .zealous and
courageous in declaring the name of God ; perfectly just
and innocent in his own life, but identif'vinsr himself with
liis fellow-men : sorrowing in their sorrow, taking upon
himself their oflences and transgressions, and sutli'ring in
his own person as a means of reconciling the ollenders
witli God, and so averting from them the consocjucnces
which the strict rigiiteousness and justice of God would
otherwise have required to be visited upon them. Since
the ideal thus conceived in the mind of David was sub-
sequently realized in the person and human life of Jesus of
Nazareth, tluit great teacher is called the (ideal) Son of
David, and, therefore, also, the son of man,

Jeans of Nazareth . . Likewise by the spiritual law of
filiation the Son of Abraham, was, also, as just stated,
according to the siime spiritual law, more immediately,
the Son of David. But Jesus of Naziiretli was as man
called by and with the approval of tlie Holy Spirit
the Son of God. Now this expression being misun-
derstood in a natural sense has led to unsound con-
clusions of a very grave character ; for the sense in
•which tlie expression is in such relation autliorized is
certainly tiiat same ideal sense in which tlie term
is used in the Bi))le from tlie time of the patriarch
Abraham. ' The Son of God conceived by the Holy
Ghost', .that is, the fidfdment of an ideal conceived by
the Wisdom of God: conceived in the ]Mind of God;
and which ideal tlie man Jesus was iippointed and
ordained to fulfill under the guidance of the Holy Spirit.
This ideal was of a much iiigher, more perfect, and spiri-
'tual character than that of David ; but the latter (David's
ideal) was included ill it ; and, having been completely
fi'lfiUed, it constituted Jesus, as man, in his human life,
the express image and human likeness of God

THE TEACIIINQ OF THE QOSPEL.

But, moreover, it is sometimes said that Jesus speak-
ing in his own person, as num, claimed to be one with
God ; to be himself God ; and, iu his double nature of
God-man, to forgive sins in his own right and by Ins own
authority and power. Now tiiis is to disregard a distinc-
tion repeatedly s«,'t forth in the Gospel with distinctness,
and to controvert statements expressly made on many
occasions by Jesus liiiuself: it is, ii deed, to confound
Christ the manifestation of God, with Jrsus of Nazaretli
through whose acts, works, and teaching, and by the
medium of whose human body and human nature, that
manifestation took place. The supposition that Jesus
Christ, the man, was, himself, attlie same time, also God,
is evidently quite inconsistent with the autiiorized and
inspired revelation of the nature of God, as well as, in
itself, unreasonable. '' God is a Spirit " is one express
statement. Moses was told, in reply to his request to
see God, ' that no man should see Him and live.' Moses
himself, evidently under the influence of inspiration,
drew the particular attention of the elders of Israel to the
flict that when they stood with' him before the Lord ia
Horeb and heard God speak to them out of the fire ' they
heard the voice of the words only and saw no similitude,^
Deuteronomy, Ch. iv, ver. 12. Some of the statements in
the Gospel inconsistent and wholly irreconcileable with
the supposition alluded to are the following :

Luke, r'iap. ir, Ver. 52. And Jesus increased in
wisdom and stature, and in ftivour with God and man.

Luke, Chap, iii, Ver. 32. And a voice came from
heaven which said, Thou art my beloved son : in whom
I am well pleased.

Luke, Chap, iv, Ver. 18. The spirit of the Lord is
upon me because he hath anointed me to preach the
Gospel to the poor.

Luke, Chap, iv, Ver, 21. And he began to say unta
them, This day is the Scripture fulfilled in yo-ir ears.

TEAClltNO OP THE OOSPEL.

Luk<', Chap, iv, Ver. 43. And he said unto them.
I muHt pmich the Kingdom of God to other cities also :
for therefore am I sent.

Luke, Chap, xii, Ver. /io. But I liave a baptism to
be baptized with ; and how am I straitened till it be
accomplished.

Luke, Chap, xxii, Ver. 42. And prayed, saying,
Father if thou be willing remove this cup from me :
nevertlieless not my will ))ut thine be done.

Luke, Chap, xxii, Ver. 43. And there appeared an
angel unto him from heaven, strengthening him.

Luke, Chap, xxiii, Ver. 40. And when Jesus had
cried with a loud voice, he said. Father, into thy hands
I commend my spirit : and having said this he gave up
the ghost.

Mattlievv, Chap, xxvir, Ver. 47. IMy God, My God,
why liast thou forsaken me.

John, Chap, ix, Ver. 24. God is a spirit : and they
that worship Him, must worship Him in spirit and in
truth.

John, Chap. vii. Ver 34. Jesus saith unto them, My
meat is to do the will of Him that sent me and to finish
His work.

John, Chap, vir, Ver. 10. Jesus answered them,
and said, My doctrine is not mine but His that sent me.

John, Chap, vii, Ver. 17. If any man will do His
Will, he shall know of the doctrine, whether it be of God,
or whether I speak of myself.

John, Chap, xii, Ver. 44. Jesus cried and said, He
that believeth on me, believeth not on me but on Him
that sent me.

John, Chap, xii, Ver. 49. For I have not spoken of
myself, but the Father which sent me. He gave me a
commandment what I should say and what I slioiild
speak.

John, Chap, xii, Ver. 50. And I know that His
commandment is life everlasting, whatsoever I speak
therefore, even as the Father saith unto me so I speak.

TiiK FmuRATivE Language of the Bible. (Definitions.)

A Shepherd—Own wlio has cliarge of the spiiituiil
interests of others. (A teacher of Soi. id Theology.)

To feed Sheep— To supply the minds, under care of the
*Shei»herd, with sound i<hvil and spiritiuil instruction.

A Sheep— Ahumnu mind partially instructed in Theo-
logy-

A Landj—Ow who onmbinos gentleness, iiumility, and
innocency of conduct with readiness in receiving .spiritual
instruction.

A lamb of C/orf— Such an one s])ecially trained and
instructed by God's Holy Spirit.

Blood— The intellectual beliefs, theories, conclusions,
<fcc., by wiiich the intellectual vitality of the mental
organization is nourished, and by means of which the
individual mind assimilates the knowledge upon which it
feeds.

Belief in God, i.e.. Spiritual cog-
nition of God, and Belief or Faith
in His Truth.

Flesh— (CoWectWely.) Human Systems of Knowledge.
Thejlcsh of a man— The systemized knowledfre col-
lected, arranged and assimilated, by an individuarhuman
mind, so as to be identified as a system of doctrine
belonging to that individual.

Blood of a Saint, or,
of a righteousman.

Let us now, again, attentively con.sider the expression
'Son of God' as applied to Jesus Christ. One sense in
which this expression is so used has been already stated
418 meaning a human-being who fulfils with some degree
of completenessthe ideal oftheMindof God. Li support of
this statement it will be sufficient for the present to re-
mark that the expression is by no means exclusively ap-
plied to Jesus, but that other Sons of God are occasionally
spoken of; and it is expresely laid down as a most impor-
tant article in the doctrine of Christianity that each man

THE TEACHING OP THE GOSPEL.

has opportunity and is invited to become a Son of God
by endeavouring to fulfil the divine ideal. *

There is evidently, however, another and quite distinct
sense in which the expression is sometimes used with
(npparently) exclusive application to Jesus Christ. The
definition of this exclusive sense is most distinctly
conveyed in the expression Son of God, begotten be-
fore all worlds, or, before the Creation of the world.
Now the meaning of that sense in which the expres-
sion is here used may be appreliended by careful
comparison and consideration of several other authonzed
expressions or statements which are necessarily nearly
related to that one of which tlie sense has to be determin-
ed — bearing in mind, at the same time (1) the distinct and
unquestionable revelation by God of Himself, as the one
personal God (I AM), and not forgetting (2) the infinite
character of His attributes.

Some of these expressions are the following : — The
' Spirit of Truth ' used as equivalent to the ' Spirit of God.'
That. . ' The Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and
the Son.' 'The Holy Ghost spake by the prophets '.
•Being full of the Holy Ghost.' ' In the beginning was the
word, and the word was with God and the word was God.*
'AH things were made by Him ; and witliout Him was not
anything made that was made.' 'In Him was life; and
the life was the light of men.' 'The ligiit shinetli in dark-
ness^ and tlie darkness conqirehendeth it not' The follow-
ing statements made by Jesus Christ as recorded in Chap.
VI, of St. John's gospel: — 'Whose eateth my flesli and
drinketh my blood hath eternal life.' ' He that eateth my
flesh and drinketh my blood, dwelleth in me, and I in
him.' 'As the living Fatlier hath sent me, and I hve by the
Father : so he that eateth me, even he shall live by lue.^
'He that believeth in me hath everlasting life.' ' Every
man that hath heard and hath learned of the Father

*The persistent endeavour, be it parlicularly no<e»^, constitutiiig, in itself
a very considerable and important part of that divine ide.il.

THE TEACHING OP THE GOSPEL.

Cometh unto me.. .No man can come to me, except the
Father which hath sent me draw him. "
To these statements we will append,a8 belonging to them
the following propositions, which,if not quite directly stated
in the positive form, are so evidently contained in the
teaching of the Bible as to be unquestionable : namely,
that in the intellectual sense, ' Falsehood is darkness '
False knowledge (ignorance) is tlie state or condition of
darkness, i. e. Death.' < Truth is light. ' ' True

Knowledge is the state or condition of hght.' * i. e. Life.
After comparison of these expressions and consider-
ation of the sense of each such expression as defined by its
relationship to the others, collating the meaning which
thus suggests itself with tlie significations more or less
distinctly assigned to the words in various passages of the
Scriptures, and having regard to the reasonableness and
harmony which must belong to the whole, as well as to
each part of the Word of God, we feel justified in con-
cluding : —

(1) That 'the Holy Ghost' is an expression equiva-
lent to ' the Wisdom of God'.

(2.^ That ' Truth' is one phase of the Being of God
i. e., one of the forms in which God is manifested to
man (and of which manifestation ' Wisdom ' is another
form.)

(3) That the origin of Truth is defined as a concep-
tion in the Divine mind by the Wisdom of God. .and
thus Truth becomes denoted as the Son of God be-
gotten before all worlds.

By these conclusions it clearly appears that the name
' Christ' is equivalent to < the Truth of God.'

Therefore in Jesus Christ is included. . . (1) The man
Jesus of Nazareth spiritually trained and instructed by
tlie Holy Ghost. .«. e., by the Wisdom of God. .». e., by
the Spirit of Wisdom (which are equivalent expressions) •
and is also included, in a particular manner,. . . (2) The
indwelling Spirit of Truth, .i.e., the Spirit of the Truth

• " That which maketh manifest is light.''

IMPERATIVE DECLARATION.

of God. . i. e., the Spirit of God, manifesting His par-
ticular presence usually through the person and indivi-
duality of the man Jesus; and sometimes in a more direct
manner, by proclaiming His Divinity, and, speaking
in His own person, claiming the worship and spiritual
obedience due to Him, the God of Truth, tiie one Omni-
potent and Allwise Spirit.

Note. — Under existing circumstances -we deem it neces-
sary to call the particular attention of all who by profession
belong to the God of Israel, or who are desirous to claim the
title of Israelites, to the express and emphatic declaration of
Individual Personality made to Moses ; and through Moses to
all Israelites. Exodus, Chap, in, " When I come unto the
children of Israel and shall say unto them, The God of your
fathers hath sent me unto you : and they shall say to me.
What is His name? AVhat shall I say unto them? And
God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM ; and, he said,
Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hat^
sent me unto vou.'

And God said mvi-eover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say
unto the children of Israel, The Lord God of your fiithers,
the God of Abr£ihain, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob,
hath sent me unto you : this is my name for ever, and this
is my memorial unto all generations."

We feel called upon to state distinctly that, in accord-
ance with this emphatic declaration. Science impera-
tively and absolutely forbids each one to teach or to entertain
any doctrine or theory inconsistent with that declaration,
Avhatever the supposed or pretended authority for such
doctrine or theory may be.

KUKLOS.