^ .^^ ^>^, >, ^.v^. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) !.0 I.I L£IM 12.5 gyp *^^" H^^H itt ISii 122 1^ ll£ 12.0 1^ I IL25 III 1.4 m 1.6 — 6" Photograpnic Sciences Corporation ^ 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14S80 (716) •72-4503 CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. k CIHIVI/ICIVIH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Instituta for Historical iVIicroraproductions / institut Canadian da microraproductions historiquas Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notat technique* et bibiiographiquee Th to The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are che<:lced below. m D D n D Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleur I I Covers damaged/ Couverture endommagte Covers restored ar signifia "A SUiVRE", la aymbola V algnifia "FIN". Maps, platas, charts, ate, may ba filmad at diffarant reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one expoaure ara filmad beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Lea cartaa, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmis A des taux da reduction dIffAranta. Lorsque le document eat trcp grand pour Atre reproduit en un aeul clichA, 11 eat film* A partir da I'angla supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite. et de haut an baa, an prenant le nombre d'Imagaa nAcaasaira. Las diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 'rata >alura. Id SIX. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 •^,/^-* ^tv- ».*. c» .-' C^J^ ! i ^ . Bs^'.> 1H » ^ s Ln- ' r 'it tt r '*' "^ A [( 1 i «,f .-' *■» •i«. -••^^ir^ \- ,\ X'-K^' *» .-A. Ji ^?. ■».-->^«l/J l^.^^l .M I '■'*Ki i^:-i<^ ••^,- ;■-„ f^ 0: J 4 11 .-■'• oS- fj» f ^' Jft 't^ *r # \ 4 4 \ I *'-^ I I 1 ^^^' ^ wmmmim ~x i wiiii EiP >4ife* V ' Cy-ftndctnj flrad Ml ^r-rf ■•-»£ •jffr Drcwtv (',(H(I"' ' '^ X ^50 feet i/ffr Brcwtv ( --rS ..i- ' * ,ffr ftroifii ^ \ 6f 4 i I I } I .♦ ^ VKHTlt'AL SECTION AH. (Comf>il.ftl chufUf I'rvnv H^ P. 5 SECTION AR. / / / / / M / Gtclcgiccd/ JMof? Cdcd ClMm/^ivnedhyJl^iLRJIn^rcduiiiv ih(y uncle rlyinij Cccfl Seams explcred^unexpl. SifAneij CapeBre/^n/ Scale 4 uwlies M d JHile/. Kicplored sea-ma dene ted' by cv ft/Mhldck line' ERM^ICENZIE C E. S'ifdne^ yj^^ iStiit/m. ■■> ' Vw« '\. -S>' TUB ^' t^^^^ n INGRAIIAM COAL MINE, \ AT THK North Bar, Sydney Harbor, CAPE BRETON, ooia^T-*viNrii>jc» by ooiwi:f»xjta.txom lS.402,r,00 Tuns., .^ § $ ' < CHARLES F. BLOOM, BOOK AND JOB PRINTER, 137 WILLIAM BTREET. 1867. ,♦ \ / ' N >, ' I 1^ •f -1 % <^f*^ ^« ■■ vj^r-w- > I ,.,,■: *•■ f ' n .- . ■K^>'\ 1 C|e |ngra|am Coal ^ine, At the North Bar, Sydruy Ilarhor, Cape Breton ; coiitainivg by comimtation 18.402,500 tons. ♦•» The following Report of Hugh R. McKenzie, Enq., Civil Engineer of Sydney, on the above claim, which he has been engaged for several months in exploring is submitted, together with a geological map of the same district. Report on the lease owned by R. J. and J. L. Ingraham, Esquires, on Sydney Harbor, Cape Breton. The coal claim fronting on Sydney Harbor, Cape Breton, owned by R. J. and J. L. Ingraham, Esquires, is a lease granted by the Government of Nova Scotia. It is situated on the noi 'i side of Sidney Harbor, having a frontage of twenty- three hundred and ten feet on the same, and running inland' in a northerly direction twelve thousand o!ie hundred feet. It is bounded immediately on the east by the " Sydney Mines,'* the property of the General Mining Association of London. The claim contains an area of one square mile, or six hundred and forty acres. The surface of this claim is free from all precipitous or broken ground. The land rises gradually from the water level of Sydney Harbour as the claim runs inland. The hills are undulating. The highest ground at their summits does not exceed a height of about one hundred feet. ^ * The lay of the rocks in this region^ is in the form of the side of a large basin, the trough of which is cut otf or lies #i merged beneath the waters of the Atlantic. The portioi the basin left is its southwestern side, which has a strike of north thirty degrees west, and a dip on this claim ot one yard vertical, to eight yards horizontal, in a direction of north sixty degrees east. 1 Witliiii tliiH claim a lied of coal, of workable thickness has been actually opened up au(i inined, and its outcrop traced by ineauH of borings of pits acif»ss the claim, namely the MePhail (jr eastern seam. Two throe foot seams have been partially exi)l(>re(l. Beside these four other coal beds underlie this claim, namely : The fourth seam, immediately underlying those above mentioned, four feet four inches thick; the fifth seam, three feet eight in(^hes thick ; the sixth seam, two feet ten inches thick ; the seventh seam, five feet six inches thick. Intermediate between the two last, is a seam eighteen inches thick not workable. This eighteen inch seam is not expected to crop out on this claim, nor is the five foot si. inch seam, but this last is at a woakable distance from the surface. (See sec.) The uppermost of these beds,'the Eastern or McPhail seam, is the bed at present worked by the Messrs. Ingraham. It is five feet thick, and the coal is cf a good cpuility. Professor Lesslie, a mining engineer of high repute, has shown this coal seam on his valuable ma^^, running the length of this Cape Breton County (!oal field. On a map in the Manhattan Gas Com- pany's Oiiice, New Vfork, and on the vertical section attached thereto, this authority says : In tracing the McPhial seam, that it is wrought by Ross tfe Co., "now the Acadia Coal Mining Company," on Schooner Pond Bay, and was formerly wrought by tlie French on the Head opposite Flink Island, and also on the South Head of Cow Bay. It is the same as the Indian Cove l>ed, worked in No. 3 Pit, Sydney Mines, and lately oi)en(;d by Hoach, the property now owned by the Messrs. Ingraham. The pits where the seam is worked, are lettered A B on plan, and here it has a thickness of five feet. The same seam as worked by the Acadia Coal Mining Com. pany, has a thickness of six feet. It has been opened on the International and on the Bedford Coal Mining Companies properties on tlie former, with a thickness of five feet ten ii|hes ; on the latter with a thickness of five feet six inches. I^s therefore, reasonable to suppose, that as the works pro- ceed to the deep, the thickness of the seam will increase and be over five feet. This seam produces a solid bituminous coal of good quality ; it unedrlies one hundred and forty acres, con- taining one million one hundred and fifty-one thousand five 7 / hundred tons. More than one half of this quantity of coal lies above the level of high tide, and may be worked without the use of powerful and expensive engines. The lowest part of tliis coal is under the northern boundary line, and is there about one hundred feet below the surface of the ground. A.t about ninety-two feet below the McPhail or Easteni seam, is a bed that is to be seen on the Northern Head of Cow Bay, where it has a thickness of three feet. It also shows in the cliif at Indian Cove, on Sydney Harbor, where it is somewhat thinner, but of a very ^cellent quality. It has been opened upon this claim with a corresponding result. This seam underlies three hundred acres of this claim, and calculating on a thickness of three feet, it contains one million, four hundred and eighty thousand iive hundred tons. At about one hundred and ninety two feet below the McPhaH or Eastern seam is another seam, which has been found in corresponding sections of the same coal basin to be three feet thick, but which has not been sutficiently explored within this area to prove its exact thickness. Five hundred acres of the claim are underlaid by it, containing, assuming the seam to be as thick here as elsewhere, viz. three feet, two million, four hundred and sixty-seven thousand five hundred tone. At about two hundred and forty-two feet below the McPhail seam, is a four foot four inch coal bed, which has not been ex- plored or opened upon this claim, and which is therefore, with those beneath the same, called the unexplored coal beds. On the accompanying map is shown a vertical section through all the seams underlying the Sydney Mines six foot nine inch seam. The section shows the explored seams from actual measure ment on the claim ; it siiows the unexplored seams underlying the area, also from actual measurement, but made, not on the claim, but in corresponding sections of country to that now being described. The four foot four inch bed, underlies about five hundred and thirty five acres of the claim, containing three million five hundred and eighty tons. At about three hundred and forty-two feet below the McPhail or Eastern seam, is a seam of coal that has been opened np by the Boston and Bridgeport Coal Mining Cora- I -'^ I '\ 6 *s pany, and found to be three feet eight inches thick. It under- lies six hundred and ten acres, containing three million, six hundred and ninety-seven thousand, five hundred anl twenty tons. At about three Inmdred and ninety-two feet below the McPhail or Eantern seam, is a two foot ten inch seam, and one hundred and three feet further, a one foot six inch seam, neither of which is at present of workable thickness. At about six hundred feet below the McPhail or Eastern seam is a bed of coal five feet six inches thick, known by the name of the " Gardiner " seam. It has recently been opened up at about the above depth, below the McPhail or Widow "Gardiner's" Farm, near Bridgeport, where it has the above thickness. The coal of this seam is of a most superior quality. The seam itself does not crop out on this claim, but on the shore of Sydney Harbor ; it is expected to be found about six hundred feet south of tlie southerly corner, at which point it is probably between sixty and ninety feet deep. It underlies the whole body of this claim, containing at a thickness of five feet six inches — five million, seven hundred and nineety-two thousand tons of coal. This seam very much resembles the Mullin's seam, on the eastern side of the harbor of which it will probably be found to be a continuation. Subjoined is an abstract of the above described seams of coal. {. ,^ ,,,■"■■ ABSTRACT. No. of 1 Partially No. of Seam. Name. Explored. Explored. Unezplered. Acres. No. of Tons. Total. 1 McPhail or 5 feet. Eastern Explored. K it 140 1,161,500 2 3 feet Heam. 3 feet. Partially e con- Htmcted. The nature of the ground is such, that horses could perform most of^^he services required on this road, on taking the cars to and from the pit. A small steam power might pro- bably be used with advantage at about live hundred feet from the head of the wharf, for the purpose of backing down the loaded cars. A tracte on engine could dispense alike with horses and rails. The tram railroad line and wharves might at iirst be on a very economic scale, and might be continually im- proved with the profits derived from the shipments. One year of successful working with a shipment of fifty thousand tons, would amply repay shareholders for all necessary outlays on pit, railway and wharves. The McPhail or Eastern seam alone, with a quantity of coal exceeding one million tons, or seven hundred and sixty-seven thousand six hundred and sixty- seven tons, after deduction oft' one third for pillarage, at the large shipment of fifty thousand tons per annum, could supply coal for the period of fifteen years, and by removing the pillars for a further period of six years, twenty-one years in all. The coal when at the wharf ready for shipment, will not have cost over one dollar and fifty cents per ton, and will there command two dollars and h half per ton. A shipment of fifty thousand tons would therefore realize fifty thousand dollare profit. It may be worthy of remark, that since shipmasters and Insurance Companies prefer the safe and commodious harbor of Sydney, before the open and exposed or artificial harbors along the coast, there would be no scarcity of ships seeking freights. All of which is respectfully submitted. H. R. McKEKZIE, C. E. Sydney, C. B. Sept. 13th, 1866. / I ^i.^. f