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Les diagrammes suivants lllustrant la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 K E M A R K S I (irt EMIGRANTS. By JOHN J. E. LINTON, AUTHOR OF THE "BACKWOODSMAN;" A Settler at Stratford^ Huron District, Canada West. LONDON: MARCHANT SINGER AND CO., PRINTERS, INGRAM-COURT, FENCHURCH-STREET. 1847. REMARKvS FOR EMIGRANTS. i I i I HAVE lived in the busli or woods of Canada since July, 1833, in the Huron Tract, belong^ing to the Canada Company, and am perfectly conversant with all the difficulties and obstacles which an emigrant may meet with — nay more, the hardships which emigrants may have endured about the period I refer to, and previously, I have had a share of. The causes of these do not now exist to any extent, as information of the country, settle- ments by old countrymen, advice, directions and instructions, are now easily found. It is from my experience alone that I write. 'F'here is no Aibled narration, no got-up story, no fanciful allure- ment to induce my countrymen to emigrate, in any thing which 1 have written. I only pen or write the facts as they have come under my notice, and the facts which have occurred in my own life in the woods of Canada, or from the statements of credible persons, and who are still alive to testify to the truth of what I write. " The Life of a Backwoodsman ; or, particulars of the Emi- " grant's situation in settling on the wild Land of Canada," was published in 1843. This life, after a few prefatory remarks shewing the advantages of emigration, and its success, embraced the following particulars: — L The seasons in Canada, and the appearance of the bush. IL The emigrant arriving in Canada, choosing or fixing upon his land, with the character of the soil. 111. First ojjerations by an emigrant or settler, with his first winter and summer in Canada. IV. Clio[)j)iiig-, clearing*, and fencing the land. V. Crops — wlirtit, oats, biiilcv, peas, potatoes, turnips, buck- wheat and Indian corn, and grass scuds. VI. Remarks on tlio success of crninranfs already settled in tlio townships neai the village of Stratford (Huron district) current coin or currency, markets, ike. There wore in the above " Life" several diagrams or printed cuts, illustrating the position of the lots of land, shanty, log-house, &c. This " Life" I have looked over and revised, but I have added nothing to the statements oj' how an emigrant gets along in the bush, for tliese are the same. They are derived from actual experience. The al)ove " Life" will enable an intending emigrant to have a very correct notion of an emigrant's iirst start, and subse- quent life and settlement in this country ; and by a refi'renco to any of the small maps published by the Canada Company, the position of the townships in this district will be easily seen, and a geographical view of the province of Canada West (formerly tapper Canada) presented at a glance. But the question may be asked —" Who are those who should emigrate?" I reply in the first jdacc, that all small farmers, and labourers accustomed to farm work or even other labour, will bo specially benefitted by emigrating. The means, great or small, which they may bring with them, when taken care ot', they will be enabled to increase at a rapid rate. Secondly, extensive . farmers, who having large families to provide for and no prospect at home of any competent provision for them " for the time to come." A family of boys is a fortune to any emigrant in Canada. Thirdly, mechanics, such as bhuksmiths, carpenters, waggon- makers, &c., for there is this resource, which many avail them- selves of, that if they do not follow their trade, they can settle on land. But tradesmen do well and make money, when located in country villages in Canada, and in settlements removed from villages ; for the settlers around will avail themselves of the advan- ' n tiiges of tradt'Sincn in their neighbourhood, but more so if the lauds in the Bettlcment lisivo been settled on for a few years. All who arc comfortably situated at home and with the prospect of n competent provision for tlieir families, let them not emigrate, for what do they want ? If they do come let no rejjrets follow, for there need not in any case, as they can also bo comfortable in Canada and more independent. No man, .vith or without a family, who is sober, industrious, not afraid of diiliculties, perscveriu;:^ in spirit, and banishes all prideful notions he may have acquired, and brings with him if ho can some money, less or more, as a reserve after ho locates in the bush, or in a town or villa<;!^t', need hesitate one moment of em- barking for Canada, if emigration has been thought of by him. Let him, however, acquire, before he emigrates, some information of this country, see its extent, its boundaries and divisions, the districts as divided into townships, ami above all have some idea of a settler s life, and what he hns to do in the bush in Canada. This latter information he can obtain by a perusal of the " Life of a Backwoodsman" referred to above. The question may also be asked — " should those emigrate who are destitute ( " Certainly not large bodies of men, women, and children, who are completely destitute. I have in view the sug- gestions of many in the old v,ountry, who say that as a cure of the present painful distress in Ireland and the Highlands of Scotland, send those so situated to (.lanada or other suitable colonies. By sending such, or encouraging' them to go, in largo bodies to Canada, without some plan or provision by Government, or by tho Societies or by others who are wishful to promote emigration in this way, to aid these emigrants on their arrival ; they will only add misery to what was previously endured, and entail an unjust burden on us, the colonists. Let me not be misunderstood, for I refer here only to emigration in masses. Where those, however, who are destitute at home, have friends or acquaintances in Canada, in locations where land can be obtained, and where some lielp can bo extended to tliem, tlicn tliote iii some prospect of onngmtion being to them a speedy bonetlt. Tbis subject wns alhided to by Lord Jobn Russell in bis cele- brated speecb on tbo 25111 January lust, as to tbo state of Ireland. He said, and justly — " Tbere is unotber subject, likewise, witb " respect to wbicb I am not pre|)arod to make a statement to tbe " House, but upon wbicb I know large expectations are enter- " t;>ined in Ireland — / allude (o cmi(jrntion. I confess tbat, " altbougb Parliament may assist emi<;-ration to a certain ext'^nt, " tbe extravagant expectations wbicb are entertained on tbis bead " can never possibly be fullilled." — " Tben before wo sbould " make extraordinary efforts to increase emigration, it is necessary " to consider an important point. Ifwc attempt to go beyond *' that v:hich is the ordinary annual emigration, and to convey " a million of persons at once across tbe ocean, you must also " enquire ivbat funds — wbat means tlieie are in tbe country to " wbicb tboy must be curried, to procure tbem subsistence." — " It appeared to me, bowever, tbat tbe best mode by wbicb " emigration could be promoted was by taking; cbarge of tbo " emigrant, not at bis present place of abo •-> — not at tbe port of " embarkation — but at tbe port wbere be disonibarked, and tben " convey bim to some field wbere be would find a market for bis " labour," dc. It was furtber stated by bim, tbat tbe amount of emigration in 1845 to tbe Nortb American colonies was .'{1,303, and in tbe tliroe first quarters of 184(), tiie number was 42,404 Avbo went to our Xortb American colonies. " Tbe cbaracter (be '• sail!) of tbe emigration in liS4(i is very similar to tbat of tbe *' two previous seasons." " Mr. Ilawke, an emigration agent, " stated in bis report, tbat be was not aware tbat tbe number of " indigent settlers in 1(S4G bad been mucb greater, in pro])ortion, " tban usual ; but tbero certainly was a large number of tbe " Irisb emigrants in a state of destitution as to clotbes and " bedding, far exceeding any tiling be bad ever before witne.ssed." " Mr. Bucbanan, tbe agent at Quebec, stated in bisi lefunt, " tlicn; is litllc, if nny, distn-Hs iiin()n}>' tlio omigrunts of last )<'ai', " unless till! t'<)iis('(iu('iir() of tlioir own fatuity, lliuployniont \h " gciicnilly to Ijo procurutl at roiu'iiicrutivc wages, and provisiont* " and necessaries are plentifid," ike. Bnt 1 havo no hesitation in recommending to nil, tlic tiiree ans\v Huron tract, arrivoH at Toronto or Ilatuilton in fnnjulu, lie will rasily find out liis nnitr to tlio Union district. At llaysvillo, idiout 17', r.ule.s oast of Stratford, Mr. (icorgc Hohson will direct tlic cnii^rant on- wards; and at tlio Huron Hotel, in tiio Huron district, \'2h nuics oast of Str.tford, INIr. T. W. |{obin.son, or near tliat place, Andrew Hi'lmer, Eeq. .). P. will be able to ji^ivo any additional information w anted an d furtiicr on, Mr. S. Fryfoglo, \)\ niiies fr oni Stratford. At Stratford tlicre is nn Agent of the Canada Company, J. C. VV. Daly, Ivsq. ; and further on, 12^ miles, there is a village called Mitchell, with a prist and saw mill, taverns, store, <^'c. Ther locati of land fc the neijih- vc. mere are poou locations ol land tor emigrants lu tiie bourhood of Mitchell, and further on, 5 miles, at Carron Brook, Mr. Flobort Donkin. from the county of Northnmberhind, Eng- land, will be able to give .such information and direction as any emigrant may wish. In the r.eighbourhooil of (Virion Brook there are the Townships uf Hibbert, .Mackillop, and Logan, where there are blocks of land to any desirable extent to be found. Further on is a settlement at Mackillop and Tuckersmith, a store and post-ollice, and where there is an Agricultural Society. Mr. George Gouinlock, jun. is Post Muster. There is excel- lent land here, and well watered.* The emigrant is then within 20 miles of Goderich, the district town. J. J. E. I.INTON. nth March, 1847. Stratford, (Huron District.) ♦ C. \'an Esmond, Esq. resides in the neiglibouiliood, a {gentleman well acquainted with the character of the country, and whose advice may be safely relied on. Marrhiint Singer and Co., Printers, Inyrum-Vottrt, FenchiirLfi-Strut, t. lit 09 l- CS IVV )n 111 y. a re, li- .k.