•^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) /> „„, /, ^ %^^%§ 4^ 1.0 I.I = Ui 1^ 12.2 IH4I 1 1.25 11^ IIIIIJ^ V] vl 7] c^:^. ' .r ^ ^' '/ s Photographic Sdences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STRICT tVSBS'tR.N.Y. 14580 (7)t*) 873-4503 ^ N55 \ iV \ \ ^ ^ c^ ' (meaning "CON- TINUED "). or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra si..*: la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols -h^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols y signifie "FIN ". IVIaps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc.. peuvent Atre film6s A des taux de r6duction diffArents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit an un seul clichA. il est filmA A partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes ii.uivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 -^ ' ■<'* v; I \ , ^OVA scor/4 PROVINCF HOUSE *"'' ' ix . " ' ff *^' ' .■V£-'-— *s.::- :%7 '^:-^ C (^-' STIR ywf r ? ; '"•k^ «.11 V^'^ PI^i»^iilcrati(tn of tlic >uli)trl aii'l thou^li ii(»t nttcnnitiiiL;" to scttlt" tlw (lisj)ut(', wc may oull >oiiir vulualilf iuroriMatidii. I wiaild say " in liiniiic," \vc must In- just to Darwin : Ids I'dluwrrs have '■ (Mil Hpn»(l('v lie has t'urnislit'il tlie material (Uit of wliicli Itoth his ilctractorstind friends liuv*' for^fd the \vea]>')ns tiuit si'VW to attack and defend his opinions. Th^'se contrfAO'sies always rr'tilnd me of the ' Punch and .hidy show," the" J)('n.s ex Maehina," that originates, condnets and e((nelude> the performance, remains peit'ectly intact at the Hnisli and as ready lis ever to repeat thi' I»!ay. In oi'der to exphun to you my impicssiojis of the two idea-' I'efcrrcd t(t (and whether riij;lit or wrouHr y.,u shall he the Jnd^v) ami i^ive a tan^ihje exj)Ianation of a very intan^iiile suhject. I woiild liken them to two diviTi^etit lines; the new oi' mat'-rial tie ory I'inu on(.' which is not deJined at cither end, the other liranchini: off from the iirst and hei-e t,hisenm otn* epoch alonu the comiu!:; centuries, rea.chinn' M-router [)erfeetion in animated nature; hut has no dcJinite tei'mination. The ohl orlJihlical ver-ion of these e\'ent>- assumes as fi li'i^iiunne- n series of creative acts iOu\ very _i;reat permanence of ci'eated foj-ms wdiich will continue to the end of this epoch of the world's history an unknown tei-ininus. I would hut I'efer to the lucid, full and convineiuLC ar'^ument hy which Darwin has captivated so many careful thinkers and [)roved to tlieir apparent sati-.faction tin; c/nt/iii/"(il)[f ch ass'.nnes tli" n inhnitip'iiJilf chiifdctcv of sjx-cii's tVom the umpiestioned Imw tliat " like produces like;" a law so easily \-eritied hy observation and more (hMinitcdy proven by the allied law of Attti'/sni. for. wlien fn>m any of several causes, a moditication occurs in desc(M\t thei-e is a most nnirked tendency to revert to the (jri^inal t\pe, or a failure to re[)roduce the assuuKil new type. This fact is so well known by stoekniiin and Horists that ^reat labour, judgment and exporimcnt arc neederl to get the new tyj)e sutKciently permanent to reproduce;, and when this is appai-ently obtained just as great judgment is needed to keep the <[ualities gained, mmm iiinl in any cusi' wlii-n no intcit'cninec tiikt.'s pliict- .iinl natinal I»i\v> or liubits ol>tuin Aforlsm, is jij>t to result, suppistiil to Ix- *Un.- to tlie ^rt'uti'r vitrtlit}' oi" Pirit(d<'u<'i/ of the original t\'|)e as coniparcd witli till' aitificial. Tliu Hrst theory has heen, hy many, considi-nnl as a ilirect eontra- • liftion to revealeil relii^ion an*l a denial of the heini^ as well as the «*r(*ative power of th(! Dtity, hut to in " it has never so a|)[>eajvd. For attceptini^ it I should feel called on to advance a far j^reater ineasuie of faith than if calh^d on only to i)L'lieve in distinct creative acts. I never could sec; how Atheism could result from a careful con- sideration of Darwin's ' ()riL(in of Species," for such primordial elements assume an Ouuiipotence and and an Omniscience far ;;reat<'r than we are calliMl on to helievi; in revealed relii^ion, and if we inchide the frei«j;htod meteoi*, I uuist stand aside ; my imaLjination. faith and t'Voiythini,' else fails. 1 think we are .safe in assuming- that truth cannot contradict itself. If revealed relif^ion be truth and the law.s of nature be truth, each the outcome of Ood'.s power and will, and the facts on which Darwin bases his " Orij^in of Species and Descent of Man as illustrated by Natural Selection and the Survival of the Fittest" be true, it simply means we do not know enouj^h yet and, if 1 have any opinion or belief, it is that the apparent contradictions are siujply illustrations to us of our ignijrance and a monition to widen our faith in God's L,^reatness with tiie hope that \\v may yet harmonize what now appears conHicting facts. The "missing link" is the bond whicli unites these theories. I feel (juite eontident that further observation will explain the luisunderstood, but that no amount of argument or epithet written or spoken will at present solve tlie question. Each is at liberty to choose his field, but I feel like " getting on the fence " with the firm belief that I will not have to get oti'at either side, as the two ideas must approach for Omnipotence directs all things. It may be that this will never occur under our present form of life, for how can the finite mind grasp the infinite? We are but " children gathering pebbles on the sea sliore and the vast ocean of knowledge yet untouched before us," (as so elegantly expressed by Sir Isaac Newtolubility of tlie nuuria^'e tie with its homo associations. ''h(\. — A correct ap|)ieciation (jf the l)ie;nity of Labor, and that all individuals be trained to make their own living by the hand us well as the head. 4th. — Moral training with fixed or positive roliyjious ideas. ')th. — A (Jeneral and JMactical J'Mucation. Gth. — J)efinite Instruction in sanit.uv Laws. 1st law, HKllEDITAUY TIJAX.S.MI.SSIOX. Parenta;,'e imp(»ses on offspriny- the dondnant characters of each, and tlKAi^h there is also a distinctivt- individuality (no two brothers or sistei-s luring alike) yet we receive the impress from our parents, and this the more when tlu'se impressions have been to them transmitted. Thus is explained the failure to iidiei-it special pronounced or accicleiital talents. The siais of specially lifted parents often fail in the heritage (jf the marked ability of a parent, unless this has been transmitted to eithei- par«'nt. Pn/)ofetici/ i.s the term used to express this power and the |)oteney is the more certain as it has been more frequently transnntted We nmy accept this as a law and base our remarks on it. A very lonijj list of disorders, both mental and phy.sical, are classiMl as Hereditary, l^y this we mean not that disease is present in the off'sprinjij at birth, but that certain orj^ans are imperfectly developed or vitalized and hence become a prey to disease that would not afiect another noi-nwilly constituted. This is the key to the whole subject, and explains what many fail to unay FaKnloiis stuns to iiitrodiioc Nti'itnijr hhxnl wIm'M of tilt- desired strjiin for podi^rt'"' (or iiitfrlircd) stock linvi! iiiini\' Wf'uk points outride tlif spccialtifs tliat liaVr lu'cn (Ifvclopod. lirasoniiu^ on tlio facts thus pcfc^n-fd to, all apparent dis- ci'cpancics arc cxj)Iaini'd and tlic necessity of coMijdyinLj with the Divine as well as social law that interdicts niarrin-^"' with itlooil rela- tions in the interest of healthy otVsprinrr. A corollary to the precedinij is self-evident. Thost' I nlterithi;/ o (Jcfcct'ti'c oiyanizittiini n/Ktuld hr furrt'tifrtl from /icr/icfiinti mj If, The ortsj»rinj^ has tlu' ri^iht to demand from the j)aivnt " mens sanu in eorpore sano ' a healthy ndnd in a healthy l"»dy and where the individuals fail society should |)rotect the ri;;hts of its prospective nu'nihcrs, and the the niore so since these nuist depend on society for pr()tection. Passion, [Tjuu oj' sentinient is more likely to influenco the con- jugal relation than jud;4nient or common sense. We may hriefly run over some of the lamentable results (hie to failure in ohservini' the laws rtjferred to. Crime is a heavy burthen on .society, and the [)enal cod(» is not only useless to nMiiedy hut oven to alleviate it. MarL,'art.'t, tlie mother of crinnials in N. Y. State, a waif of ne<,'ative character, gave origin to thousands of rohlieries. thefts, imuK>raIities and nnn'ileis and the exj)enditvne of \ast .sums of nioney as well for supporting in ]>risons the horde of miscreants which would have failed to materiali/t; had Margaret been properly cared for by .society, and their end is not yet. Insanity is increasinu". and why not ? It is carefully nurtured, and if like produces like there are thousands of children growing up whose pareiits (man}' even on both sides) have been insaJie or with the hereditarj* taint. There are many congenital ilefects, i)ut crim(\ idiotcy and insanity are the mo.st potent for ill in the culture of the race, and will society not interfere to pj'otect its .successors when they cannot help themselves ;' I know of no one more deservinix of |)ity and none who have more bitterly bewailed tl»e accident of their birth than those who suffer from the tyranny of a defective organization. Allow me to present in a mon; definiti^ manner this unfortunate social condition. We liave about l.oOO to 2,000 insane in our province and there are hundreds of thousands in the most higldy civilized countries similarl}' atHicted, a very large per centage of wiioni are imnnired in asylums many for a ijjreat part and more for the whole of their active lives, at a very large and increasing cost ti» the communities These people are neai-ly all dependent on state aid, but the impoverished condition of them and their dependants is due to their atttiction. In looking over the lii.stories of the 2400 admissions to our own asylum, I could not timl one who had not been self-supporting before his or her affliction. These and the following facts are but rarely pondered on by thinkers or essaj'ists, and there is no vivid consciousness that men and women of every grade of society, except the paupers and criminals, are innnured in what to them is a prison, and all civil rights and personal freedom denied them, and as far as they can see, for no just cause. They never did any injury (except now and then in self- mimmtxmmmmmmKP. Mi^A •it (li'ft'nv.o from tlu-ir point of view) »intl have not cvrii tlic int-'lanclioly pIcasniT enjoyed ]>y tlie eriniinjils of at least lf their minds it wouM he all riijht, hut there is nothinif the matter with them; their incarceration is a mistake. And so on. (how few of »is can see our failinLfs, even when n(»t insane ?) The mentally alienated ai-e not imltecile or iiliotic tintil the disease' has far advanced. There is an (dement of sadness here that thou;^h daily presented to me [ am miahlt' ade<|uately to descrihe.and it is even more lament- ahle when we consider that it is inereasiuL; and from natural causes and this the more when from 00 to iSO per cent, of this misery is the result of the infraction of nature's laws, not only well known hut there is an inner consciousness of their correctness if c(»n.science were allowi'd flee action. "The sins" (and I would add diseases) "of the parents shall he " visited on tlnMr children to the third and fourth nt^ncration.' Well known as this law is, yet society and the consciene(^ of individuals of hii,di intelli;L,'ence will imj)ose this dire punisluuent on their unfortuncte children. I helieve, were this thorou<,ddy appreciated, the injustice' and inhumanity, nay the L,'n)ssness of the crime, would compel its cessation. Fj-om one tainted emi;^rant to this province there has been a thousand cripjjled intellects: many immiu'cd in the asylum — some until death and many a hurthen on their community -- the remainder tilliuL,' the roll of citizenship, hut liahle to this intiiction from causes that would not atiect a sound n\ind. There is no time, however, to adequately discuss this most important and saddest of .subjects. There have been peoples in a precediiiLj aii^e who recoijnized these hiws and were f]jui:-ft: l^gb 8 (•(iiiciililnn^ff luwi'is till' moral tuin' (»f the wliolc (•(•iiiinmiity, an I i\>>' -Odd (tl" .socii'ty takes prt'ctilciicf of that nF a iiiniiltfr, — " tin- ri^lit of riiiiiM'iit ni'<' the pnrily of ♦!!(• si»\irfc tliat tin' stream In- iimicliii'd. lint it woiiM liike too miii-li of yoiir tiiiif to dwell (tu tlds sulijeet tlio.i;jrJi its rela- tion to tlie culvufi' of tlie race is m(»st intimate. .IKD LAW, A «oI!l{K«T AIM'Ul ( lATlnN <»K llli: UK. MTV nK LAIlolIt ANI» IlIAT ALL INI)I\ IIMALS lUl litALNKlJ Tn MAKK TIIKIU uWN LIVlN«i l!V TMK HANI) AS WKLL AS TIM; IIKAI>. A inle tliat was onee ;;eni'i'al and still olitains at tlie Im])eiial I'alai-e, at Drrlin, that every yonn^; man shoidd lie jirolicient in some liantands to I'eason that wei'e .Ja(d< as ^ood as his master he wcaild occupy lliat position. Jack may re^t pirlectly assured that tlie master's posi- tion at tlie toj) of the laihUr is hy no means crowded, thoui^li on the lower run^s there is H ureat deal of jostling. .lack may also rest asstiri'd that the only way of y'ettitiu' to the top of the ladder is hy Hi'adiially olindiin^ it ; ati accidental hoist does not ^ive powei* to r.'tain the hold and a fall follow^. This e)ior ohtains nnire with fenndes than males. The sister is tno ajit to refuse ser\i(.e tiiat. of a similar in kind, the l>rother would gladly accept. Frou) the false idea that it is moi'e dinniti»'d and htaiouraMe, factoiies, stoics, k.Vc., are preferred }»y females, thou_ij;li the lahour is juore .severe and continuous and the ])ay less with pooi-er hoard and u(.'comm' insr.inees of \oun^' women (who, I am sori'V to sav, have iiilcd theii- role and j»as>ed away) inoiny- to domestic service without wa.;es for tile i)rivile.ie to m-vvv in special hotiscs whei'»> extra skill in himse-keepini; prevailed, laiowin;^ that such an experience pive them a lietter standing;- in tlieir apj>lication for jjositions oi' the tisehoKls wdiieh each one lookeil f(,rward to. iJut to-dav how «)ften V(»u will find vounj,' women w l.o put on an air of inji.re grow up in ignoi'ance. hut false sin-ial ideas are at the bottom of this tlu' greatest shortcoming of n>o !ern life. A man's feelings and sentiment are, it is .said, most readily aM))roachetl hy way <;f his .stomach and personal convenience, hut nuless a cliange t;d\es place, tlvcw is a prospect of cold comfort for > ^{■^smrnSOi.. ■(P!MiMHHM*i mm ^^ ^ TT mmmm .• ■' \ 9 iiotli. Tin,' uiu'on<;«'iiial atiiiosplu'r*' in too manv lioiiu's, tln> tlivorcrs and suicitlc's uiv, 1 Itdii'Vi.', not 80 much the fault of the ini>n as that tht'ir homes, from various cause's, arc not made the most ai^ieeahle phices to live in. The onlinary man is thoi'oui^'lily domestic if he t^ets a fair chance, hut as he is not am^elic, some tjict is neiMh-d to keep him there. C'ohi comfort will start him to where he will j^jet warmth which may ho of a shad> « haracter, with, as a result, mutual recrim- inations. Hut what can hi; expecti'il when ladies too often lament their i^^norance of domestic skill and ari' reduced to the i^^nohle posi- tion of hein;i; inider their servant's control, for little as the servant may know, her knowleduje too (tften exceeds that of the mistress and, as elsewhere, intelli-'ence rules even in the kitchen. A healthy s(»cial opinion would soon dissipate the darkeninj^- clouil that overshadows our family circles. We hear of the misery, de^jredation, k.c.. that j^drls are suHerin;^ from, hut I caiuiot set; wherein there is occasion for sympathy as lon<^ as thousands of places are waiiwi.r to pa}' well for even mediocre domestic service. 4th law, moral TKAIXINT WIT'I FIXFD oK !'' iSlTiyK UELHilOUS IDFAS. I anticipate givat diveri^ence of opinion on this suhject, hut experience has removed my inui\ idual tloiihts, I'heoretically all systtMiis of reliL»i(jus lelief and as well pa<,fanism aijjree on the ^•♦•neral principles included in the term luontls, hut as the human mind is con- stituted, more than this is required. To (piote the wonls of an evan- gelical missionary in Halifax, " it is not so n\ucli the love of Uod as the fear of the devil that keeps me fi-om doini; wron;^,' and he voiced a very j^eneral human frailty that must he considered in dealing with this form of education. The great hulk of humanity are like the evangelist. Punishment present ov fain re for infraction of moral law's must be positively inculcated with a N. I am Sony tlwit on tlic tlireslioltl of the considcivition of thi^ subject, 1 must express want of contidenee in our system of public cflucation. I thoroughly appiTciate not only tin- ditHcidtifs that attend the cariyini^ out of any system, but also the hinh resolves which actuated our pre(lecessors wlut eave e.\[)ression to hiws couched in laui^uage, ideas and desires that jire jLji'ounded on the lest princi])le> and seritinient that can honor lunnanily, coupled also with a Hnancial ijenerositv eouallv iti-aisewoj-thv. vet, nevi'rtheless, it has failed to Cj lit.! »v ' accomplish what was expected of it. Perfection is the I'esult of expei'inient, time and tliouu'lit, and it is for us to supplemejit the work of our fathers — ^to pt'rfect details — wliile cai'rvinu" out th(^ir Jau(hibli' (K'sires. The i(hia prevailed, give ji child a good education and you widen the field of its oijxihlUfii's and beneiit the race. Though this is in the main correct, it fails in two particulars : — 1st. G(ii)uhlliti(.-< aregond and bad and each are equall}' widened. Hence the greater crime in later years amongst those who being better etlucated make the moi-e accomplished scotuidrels. It is also assumed that an educated man should wear a white shirt and never soil his hands, and that the so-called eilucated pi'ofessions are the more honourable positions, and we tind the avenues leatlingto them crowded by those who are more iniiuenced by pride than desire for knowledue. This includes the greater ei-ror that eihication is wasted on the farmeiv the artificer, miner, iK:c., and the grossness of this error can only be appreciated when we estimate tlu- knowh^dge that every trade can utilize and so fmv of its professors possess. When a youn<>- woman graduates from boardinif school with a lot of useless, because; ill digested, knowledge, but litchi of which in her after life is realized on, she is too apt to think the kitchen (;r the needle is to bo eschewiMl and that she should pei-Mianently reside in the drawing-room. By th(>se remai'ks 1 do not refer to those who study for a specific purpose, either as teachei's or atiything else ; but what 1 would wish to imply is that no amount of talent or cducaticai nee;ard with astonishment such a u'rave and bold assertion, seriously made, and l)eaiMng the appearance of ignorance rather than irony. But had 1 the time and you the patience, I think 1 could satisfy you of the practical accuracy of the prop(jsition ; but as the facilities are not now available I will only uive you a con- densed resume of my observations. Some 12 years aj^o this idea had presented itself to some students of human progress and they took a very effective wa}' to demonsti'ate the truth or falsity of their opinions. Circulars were sent out to the men occupying pronunent positions in ever}' walk of life; in America — a great many hundreds — requesting an answer to questions, such as place of birth, city or countr}', early training, early and later schooling, i I ; I. ■1 ! 'I ii V 11 tlio comlitioii of piironts h'liaiu-'ifilly and otlicnvise. and cncfnatc questions. Several linndrcd rcsponsts were leeeived and tlicse were analyizeil and pnMished. 'IMie coinltined exjierienee deninnstrated th«^ very jioor cliaiu'e a vonnLT man lias of attaining eniinenee in any walk t.»f life who lias the misfortune to have parents well to do linancially — the more so if ireiu'rous — or who has not been forced to makt; his liviiiL;' from an early ai^e, or wlut /it of the activities of life. They wasted no time in wrestliiiLi" with much of the "' bdhlcrddsh" of our common school grammar, and their memories werf^ unincumbered with unserviceable and ra|)i .^tA'^i;-: . . . ;.V,'' ■r K y.^. . /;. Jfe^ :\ )\ \ «.--*>■;*»*. 1 , • A t ' ■* 1, „. ,':^,- ^i\:,M.*>r