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wmm 
 
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 i: "■ 
 
 ne EDITH ^//// LORNE PIERCE 
 COLLECTION o/CANADIANA 
 
 ^eetu University at Kingston 
 
 m>\ 
 
 !«, 
 
 vn 
 
 i 
 
 i , ! 
 
DESCRIPTIOlsrs 
 
 OF TUK 
 
 MISHIPSOFIIIESOBTHKTlfilTOfilES 
 
 DOM^INION OIT C^K^JD^. 
 
 Published under the Authoeitt 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Hon. THOMAS WHITE 
 
 Minister op the Interior. 
 
 COMPILED AND ABRANGED FROM THE FIELD NOTES 
 PLANS AND REPORTS OF THE SUrSJ'^™' 
 
 BT 
 
 GEORGE P. DRUMMOJSD. co 
 
 vnp. 
 
 OTTAWA : 
 PRINTED BY MacLEAN ROGER & CO., WELLINGTON 
 
 1886. 
 
 STREET. 
 
 1/ 
 
 / 
 
" I " <i'«'^^m''^'mmfjmmmmmimmmmmmmm 
 
 IP 
 
 rc^3LO5.0..D7^ 
 
'T» 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WKST 0. SKCONB xmrx.. MBHIP,... 
 
 Banoe I. 
 
 ■ 'r^yr^Ss'^nSr^'fe P™ri^ wilt . Uack g^vell. 
 «I, and mall ones ocow on SS' "'"'' '" «"« "est oFsZtiZ 
 generally d.y and there ia?o^"fe'^«'*^«»»' •>«' 'ie ffi°» 
 
 on S^,io„ 4. iheryit„';„^r-Tr°"y- Them ," 7"S 
 
 circnitonsronie, and along ita cOT.SfL"""*'"*'^" township by a 
 *^- ^earcc, 1880. ' ^""gea with poplar and willow — 
 
 poplar and elm TV.^^ ^P^ *^® bottom with mftT.ll!: i 
 
 The portion o"secUrteS/r ^^ * "^O ?e?t'%?d1' 
 broken surface, and, together Sf/h?^ .*^^ l'""^' ^^"^7 has Jeo a 
 G^re, 188i. ' '^S^^^er with Section 30, rates class ?--^s 
 
 &'"t^^^^ of prairie, with a 
 
 mthe southern portion The noih!t. *^'^^^*^'e, especially 
 ^rners of the township are someXtlrotrK"^^. north?easte^ 
 ^d by ravines running Irom it iSfn ^i ^** ^^ *^e River Sburis 
 Water is plentiful and ^^ss vprv 1 '°'^- '' * "s^* clay loam 
 
 snpplyofwoodmforLfatnrth'e'ii^er^^^^ i/,^?^; 
 
 ■ 0«^/t«es.— The north i« nro; • -7 "ver.— 4. Z. Poudrier, 1881 
 
 goodblackloam^to;^o?rTLris';f/T^^^^ ^-«^e- Soil a 
 far south as the middle of Section 18 U^'?'^^^^^'"''^^^**^^^ As 
 being chiefly gravelly loembutll.^ ^*^o^ ^**«« cl«^ 2, thi soil 
 gravelly subsoil. SmalTm'arshrn ''*''^? ^^ ^* ^« ^^l**? lotfim with a 
 tion of the line. The bl^^e of^ ZY ^* '^*^'^^^« aloni^w! 
 
 east It 18 very stonv tk^ J'*"*","^ prairie, class 8. Towar/I ♦>.« 
 
 half of 8ection'l,t"^i J,tthT,;d a'^Tn n" "T^'' »«■»--' 
 4. flowmg north ; its areraee Sh^ .r" "»' ^»" limit of 
 are wooded with oak, a,h™SS ardtopiL*-??"^.V'"' *>- •'»k' 
 
 -i AwCi. 
 
 •Ov> i ;. 
 
«a i!r/;;f p"^!"^ ?:^ ^'sis. ^ """ "-"^ «»^'- "<^' 
 
 the e«8tem half of "seottonf .^W""""' T' "'"y- Ei4tii«r 
 81, which rate clltliela'nd fa fl.'of.aTTVrh': "' ?^ "^ 
 86^afo.,a.d i, a oreek . feet wide flot^«; aougTJ^Tl^Sl,^ 
 
 a.rk^tly'}i°« P'iSi'^Vi'^ numerous small m.™he, and a 
 
 and the rSst class I'iVi^"^ 1881 * "" '"' '' "=^«" « 
 
 ;j™?r£»tfsit nhr is??™Ls^r^^ 
 
 is well adapts to'th. ^tSTcl'Ss'''Xrh'A^™J;''"<' 
 courses, north to south, afone the centm „f ti, . '^""'"' ^^>^ 
 beautiful stream of clear w«ti . w , the township, and is a 
 deep. The north-w^ coIl„r ;. °" VV^r^" "»<» 2 feet 
 Creek, which is 35 ™ds ^de a^H fl "^ K^""''' Mountain 
 about a mile wide ^terlioelS T' T'^ '" " '"^ ™'Ier 
 from Fort Ellice Th. i^L ? ",' ''*" '"? '» »» oU cart trail 
 
 «id IVom theiS" itli^chkflv^lL"''"' ^ ^ "'^ ?»'' »'' "•" '^t^ 
 »tes classesTaid zt^b^lT^STT-rVe?""*'"'. and 
 Bast of this is unduki^ prairie sS« oW " ^'"'^ '^ ""«'"'«. 
 marshes and wet meaSi „,S^ . •' . ^ 'f*™ • "='"" 1- Hay 
 
 S^Se '^ %^^ -*"-'> ^S^tirr^T^e'sfl^^^^^^ 
 praine, with manv Ptnall Tnon/iM«,o -> j . "' " *^ rolling 
 
 dark clay loam, clJsl^-r.'J^t^T.j'^g^ -rshes. Soil, a ricf 
 
 out. Ha7^t|'s':;ur'^ne?i:'°"?^ P"'™' "=""» ^ "'■•'"'eh. 
 wood.-*: P,„£' JSS' »" '^•'■■y '""t'on, except 12. There is n„ 
 
 o.piM'tr;^r.S»!,™?°'™i''' undulating for drainage- 
 Creek, which ^"^^'^t ^.ToVn^^r^:!^ ^^^^ 
 
 ■ S^^^lt^.SS^^& -1 on thePth 2, the 
 depth, and no^^XtZ^^'Z^H^l " UraL-^S 
 
 P'. 
 
 c 
 
 c 
 
 c 
 
 C 
 
 P 
 1 
 
 b( 
 
 is 
 ce 
 th 
 
 f( 
 fee 
 on 
 an 
 
 0( 
 
 tioi 
 
 S'^Vi 
 
 loai 
 
 and 
 
 man 
 
 tops 
 
 mou 
 
 The 
 
 Both 
 
 deep 
 
 Kloti 
 
 is al] 
 part c 
 small 
 with 
 Se.itio 
 
ang^ 1. 
 gravel ridgot 
 
 prairie, maoh 
 er, the banks 
 lorth is mach 
 ^ and gravelly 
 
 8 small ponds 
 Ezcepting- 
 ■ts of 84 and 
 lie portion of 
 T. McLatchie, 
 
 arslies and a 
 cceptinff the 
 ust is class 8 
 
 ?es and hay 
 'W.Pearce, 
 
 broken by 
 dholes. — p. 
 
 arshes and 
 gravel, and 
 atler Creek 
 ip, and is a 
 and 2 feet 
 
 Mountain 
 low valley 
 I cart trail 
 lis section, 
 1 soil, and 
 8 reached. 
 IS 1. Hay 
 g the line, 
 is rolling 
 •il. a rich 
 
 through- 
 here is no 
 
 Irainage ; 
 
 klonntain 
 381. 
 
 line, the 
 itony in 
 3ek, and 
 J feet in 
 leautiful 
 
 stream of clear water f.» a .■ -*» i. S 
 
 fr* • Outlines Tho anvA,^ < 
 
 « twice 'crossed bt a orei of S""^ *«« class a The w 
 central parts of sJotions tj M T'^' A^wing south, on tkt 
 the St, i, j2 j^^j wide! 1 f°„t dee^TST'''- 0" ">« W 
 
 on every section, exce^;s3/anl74°'i?°"= '\'S'^ ponrocoj^ 
 
 s^veral smalfrunningfer*^ T^'^ ?,'^.^"^' ^^^^^ watered bv 
 Joam.-S. Brodie, 1882 ^"''- ^^^ «°^^ ^« ^ rich, black, sandy 
 
 ^mOuilines. — North nnri i *• 
 
 and haWug scattered blnffrif"";?"' "'}'' « S°<>d f«™inK soil 
 marshes. A nnmber of Ce riVffi ™'' " »»"''«' "f g»od hav 
 tops of the elevations iZ "l'^¥^ ran across the line 0„ tk' 
 
 mounted, with -tracaU re7 braS^'!;"'' t4elaad"st 
 
 is all o°ll ""exfept'lhe ■ n^'tS "hT/T? '"^go Po-ds The land 
 oynm U. No wood.-C. E. Wolff, mi ""^'^ °''°'*'^ 
 
6 
 
 le 
 
 60il 
 
 11. 
 
 if:*Sy W^^&P^^^ «poar gra,a. The 
 
 poplars, uud occasional cre^^nd Z^ 71"^'"^,' ^'^«°»'*1J 
 
 hay «waxnp« and^ll^'l^f tSf Z^ ^^ ^J^' ^'' P'-i"'^ with 
 i. a a,r sandy lo^, ,^2, e^cept'^Jn^^Th '°^ ,^^^^,]^«- The son 
 aad ]i^ht, and in the weBtZrllZ-. ■ *^® V'''"^^o where it is poor 
 
 W Jair sandy loam, with a clav snh^^M !^**\h»" «>f the township 
 IB broken by nmrshes and e^ Ilf ^^ '" ^'^^^^ The west half 
 aandy.-ilf,7«„ Hart, 1881 ^ * '' "^''^ P^P^^^ ^uffV-. Soil 
 
 of wat^^rli^hi^CrLr.' s'oil' '^°"r 7^^« ^-^ ^-quent ponds 
 generally ela«s 2-^It 'j^T,'^ %«?J^y ^oam. light inVacl^Tnd 
 
 aoxne -Xr^^J^^^^^ wi' ^ number of hay marshes ■ 
 
 south -O. /. Kti7,, issi "" *'''^ "^^'^^ streams flovving 
 
 j^y^SSr^^Sf "Ktt ^^ *^-^- ™ ^-d 
 
 IB the north-west porTfoi of tht w*' T""^'!^ ^^^ ^urfacJ wa^^? 
 in ponds was putrid. The Lnd X i^^'^V ^"* t^« water found 
 1* not stony, although taore is tA h. f ^ ^« desirable for settlement 
 produces,, when buS^t. ^ good ,„aht ? v"^' limestone. whi?h 
 good being a loam, w th a clav^ «,Tk^ ."^^ ^'°?*'- ^he soil is very 
 Jas. A. MucmiUan, 1881. ^ '''*''''^^ ' uniformly first class - 
 
 Outlines. — Norfh Whil R i 
 
 crosses the north-west M L^^^v^n' ^^'"«J«r'^-nuining stream 
 oam in the we,st, arern^es class " ^ r,' '^' T' ^"^ a fL sand^ 
 slightly undulating, withfmall ' nL T""^; ^he surface is 
 6wamp«. Generally, the e^st h! f ^f ?/ P^P^**^ ^"^ ^ome grass 
 
 Ihe west half is broken bv nnuL^' ^^^'^^ s'^^soi in places 
 
 Jiast - unduatino- nrairip • f. x ^' •'^^'- 
 
 and .wlttlX«5i;r/„i:r„^^^^^^^ 4 -"" '%-. poplars 
 
 «o.l ; ohiofly second and "&cCs^i''rr.''"'"f » ''"y ^ 
 
 densely wooded wilh poplar^ndT . """i-e'stern portion is 
 quant.ly of large timbSuLwe f^K •■.^''''8 which Vre is a 
 
 « t fcn\« r ""?a Jt^.^trf 
 
 1». 
 
 io 
 
 F] 
 m 
 an 
 an 
 an 
 
 shi 
 rol 
 of 
 
 wai 
 «ra; 
 
 sma 
 dea( 
 wati 
 Wat( 
 plac( 
 forb 
 
 Outli 
 
 to be 
 
 lar ai 
 
 runs 
 
 • widti 
 
 bounc 
 
 about 
 
 growt 
 
 in dia 
 
 parts ) 
 
 clay, 
 
 at Sect 
 
 east, 
 
 a rich 
 
 corerec 
 
 IS. 
 
Range I. 
 
 ;car grass. The 
 I0W9 an4 small 
 
 t prairie^ with 
 »WB The soil 
 n«re it is poor 
 ) Wood Moun- 
 the township 
 rhe west half 
 ■bluffs. Soil, 
 
 equent ponds 
 n places, and 
 
 ^ay marshes; 
 anas flowing 
 
 r was found 
 lalf there are 
 i any conse- 
 irlace water, 
 water found 
 
 settlement, 
 tone, which 
 
 soil is very 
 irst class — 
 
 ing stream, 
 t fB.iT sandy 
 
 snrface is 
 some graps 
 
 is rolling 
 
 in places, 
 tered with 
 
 'r; soil, a 
 
 '8, poplars 
 I the ex- 
 azing, for 
 'JI poplar 
 of large 
 ilay sub- 
 
 rtion is 
 ere is a 
 extends 
 
 1«. 
 
 IS 
 
 Sub-divOsinn T> 11- "'• ^. C. fTcAA, 
 
 good deal of marsh'S'^iPT'^®' °^ '^ark clay loam TK.. • 
 
 . 7 est, east and south i« +1, ,* 
 
 »J;P 18 solid poplar wood7 and V°"^^-"^*«r^ Portion of this 
 ^nm« prairie, with al excellent «nfl"'' '°'''^- ^iie balance is 
 of rich black mould nn o 1^ T^' consisting of 6 to -iTi^u 
 
 watered by ponds and c?eek'''^rd^ '^ l^f^ °^ «^"dy 1^1 WeJ? 
 grazmg^ ^. g. Sin.issr ^^"^-^^^7 adapted^o farming or 
 
 ar and dense wi!l?rSpedX''a]?nr.h "p?'"'"^" "^ '^-^^^l 
 runs through a vallcv f,., ' "* 'he Pipestoue Creek whilk 
 
 w.d,h aud^oo to ilo fee"? de,:^"".'""- '" "-"•''"If a mUe In 
 bouudary on Section 38 and hv Z' """! ■'? ""^^-xl ^y the north 
 
 ferowtJi on the south bank that, i f ^^^ ^^^^ s of laro-ftr 
 in diameter. The soil ifa t^'^rT^^^'.^^^^^^ -bout 5 iS 
 
 a s^:..-^"'H^ P^'^'^^ *i^d marshef arp i,!.^ ^^'"^ °" * subsoil of 
 at Sections 18 and 30 are each cCsed b^T'* , l^' boundaries 
 
 S:^ -H small Pat^^:sr^r'a5!:r ^^l^^^^^L^ 
 
M. 
 
 r<wiM»0» JTm/ „. Stcrmt rmilM Steridlnn—gmg, I 
 
 d.ip tttllf^toed Z'f' '"^ '"'"'^ P""'""' -f «>» 'own. 
 
 the «,uth bank Kf Is fiJ /™- "l"''"? "^ "" '"wnehip and 
 ing purpo", S„mf.;,,1 '""'>«"■'' W'lh Poplar, snilablo forfaild- 
 of an" ey The^ h^T. T "l""""^ « »•>» townahip at time 
 d«ne.-T,. rill. mV"^ '""^' •"»" •"-» »«"'-' breaking 
 
 enters on klloT?bT^[2'&^'''^''\'^S^^'^^- fhecreek 
 
 a large proportion o/clay loam^ sorwl'icr^s clis 2^^^^^^ ,k 
 
 half and clawB 1 in thp ti^rtv, v,„ip t /u i * "^ ^^ *"® sonth 
 
 nnmerous ^alf p:nta"nTmtL'^L^i:":L?rC t^^ «?* 
 plaees, mixed with gravel, and dZi-AF. S^Llm "' "° 
 
 Creek ^dM^ho^^i."™/ ^^'"i '^^'^^'^ ^^ ''iP'^'o-e 
 there is plenty of wood f r ?n i ' j* ^"4 " »< «' quality, and 
 
 ponds and marshes 'tItZ 7 "'^'T""'" """f" "■« unmerou» 
 .oil is a°l" day loam Xs™ V^IT ««> ""^-ft «d the 
 clay loam soil all c?a^ ,' L J'°°S ""■ T',' *«'" " > Sood 
 marshy-^. c'm^J^ilg, '^°""''" »" »1 «o are somewhat 
 
 .oil ; ctl^s""!'^ 2"BI^'ir'"!'""" T^'i "^ ■■ »andyloam 
 .wamps and P^tr'soU?„*o«'L°ill V".'^twT''- "^""'"^ 
 
Ungtl 
 
 the south, with* 
 iy loam ; oluses 
 ►S8t}8 Stiction 26. 
 ut 2 feet deep. 
 »d to be Poplar 
 
 8 of this town- 
 ing fine, level 
 uvial soil, with 
 the north por- 
 ther branch of 
 B township and 
 table forbuild- 
 wnshipattime 
 lome breaking 
 
 rood clay loa"* 
 aarshes in th® 
 
 "I 
 
 which is 
 The creek 
 south-easterly 
 wide and 100 
 Section 4. It 
 h is of larger 
 hip, and along 
 face is gently- 
 rshes. There 
 24 and a few 
 a good, dark, 
 west there is 
 5 in the south 
 ■tion there ar6 
 he soil is, in 
 », 1881. 
 
 >nal bluffs of 
 classes 1 and 
 
 by Pipestone 
 r quality, and 
 re are a few 
 
 •airie, with a 
 e numerous 
 ling, and the 
 ;re is a good 
 re somewhat 
 
 ; sandy loam 
 lb. Scattered 
 
 16. 
 
 ir 
 
 TUcnshipi West of Second IniHal Meridian.— Range I. f 
 
 Sub-diviHon.- Roinng prairie ; patches of scrub, willow and 
 young poplar ; a good deal of swamp. The soil is a sandy loam ; 
 Uw considered well adapted for settlement.-^wcAi// andDamet, 
 
 0«f/^ncj— North-undulating country; poplar bluffs; willow 
 ■crub and pond holes ; soil, class 2.— iVm. Pearce, IBHl 
 
 West and east---rolling prairie ; aU gocd clay, loam soil ; class 
 1 m the west and 2 in the east Numerous ponds and marshes 
 CJome scattered poplar in the north-east.— il. C. Thornton 1881 
 
 •11 ^*8'— *"f lling prairie ; sandy loam soil ; class 1. Poplar and 
 willow scrub ; some marshes ~A. C. Webb, 1879. 
 
 East— rolling prairie ; good land ; class 1. Scattered poplar 
 and willow scrub ; occasional small marshes.- il. L Russell 1876 
 
 Sub-division— The soil is very rich, but the surface somewhat 
 broken by ponds and water-holes. There is a small quantity of 
 building timber, but most of it is only good for fuel and fencinir. 
 — o. L. Brabazon, 1882. 
 
 Oi«//mM.— Surface level, with a sandy loam ; soil rated second 
 wid third class There is a quantity of second growth poplar 
 nom J to 8 inches m diameter scattered over the prairie —O IT 
 Rylej/, 1881. ... 
 
 West- rolling with patches of excellent land ; but there are 
 a great many willow and grass swamps ; scattered poplar bluffs 
 and dense willow.— T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 East-prairie ; good land, all class 1 ; having a growth of pop- 
 lar and willow.- /I. L. Rvssell, 1876. ^^ 
 
 Sub-division.— Good farming land ; easily cleared ; superior 
 soil.— i)at^sow and Francis, 1881-82. 
 
 Outlines.— The Qu'Appelle River, about 90 feet wide, -uns easterly 
 in the northern part in a valley about a mile wide. The banks 
 are about 300 feet high, the south bank being thickly wooded. 
 Ihe bottom of the valley is open and level ; soil, sandy loam. 
 Ihe balance of the township is sandy loam and has patches of 
 second growth poplar and willow. The surface generally ia rolling 
 but very much cut up by ravines, in which small fresh creeks flow 
 to the river— G. U. Ryley, 18»1. 
 
 East— the northern two-thirds is in the Qu'Appelle Valley and 
 connec-tmg ravines. The valley is about 460 feet and the river 
 about 6 feet deep. Soil, where not rough and on inclines, is good : 
 class l.—A. L. Russell, 187t). 
 
 Subdivision.— Tr&vexBed by the Qu'Appelle River, .the north- 
 em valley of which contains some of the finest land in the coun- 
 try South of the river the township is covered with scrub, together 
 witb some timber large enough for building purposes —W,SrD 
 Heatty, 1881. ^ 
 
 1»A The north is prairie, partly covered with patches of poplar, wil- 
 low and hazel scrub Alluvial soil, a rich loam; subsoil, clay; 
 class 1 Several small creeks and sloughs.— Pr. T Thompson, 1880 
 West-rolling ; class 2. Scrub poplar and willow clumps • 
 numerous small ponds and marshes.— T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 18. 
 
20 
 
 'Unships W..i ^ Second Initial Mertdiun^^Ran^, j^ 
 
 92 
 
 "apply. Utile Cut Arm O^.?^ "'"''?'• Sarfac« water iaS 
 
 Along the west the soil is a s»nH7l„? ' .v ■ "'>"" south-east 
 
 •on Sections 24 and 9« ht. ^ ■ "' i;"'''^' ''Si* and eJatTX 
 
 Section. rht:ai'^ewiff.frJ?«'*-«"a»oIayC'oI 
 
 low.-C. ii-. Jf,/„, 1880 ""^ """^ ol^ IwplM aad patches of wil- 
 
 soil 18 class 2, and there are p few hlnff? p ^^.*^® north half the 
 . small meadows and swa^ps^Tx ^t^i^'g^J^ *^^ "^^erpns 
 
 poplar and willow. IV so 1 S J^J^T^' /°,"«^ ^^^^^ scattered 
 deep. The eastern VorU::ill^^J^f^ ^^ ^^inlT. 
 
 ^T. B, Clementi, 1880. "oversea Dy Little Out Arm Creek. 
 
 ■teSj^trfoJi^'fc r:Ld"ri«?''-'r "»>'«'«/ 
 
 poorer and much mi.ed with trTi^I i,;.^'*""" 82 *nd 31 are 
 
 billow Good hi; S"i f ^"V'rfti "catteed po,.lar and 
 
 Battleford trail c^Lri^rfelVir?'' -- pE" T°he 
 Arm Creek crosses Seotions 5 andVfl ?"='""' *"• i^»«e Out 
 
 !'^'»««ons are opel_ria.'itT8=8T ""'''• ^'"' »"">■ 
 
 undulating prairie • tha nnwh 1,1/- • ® *^® ^'^'^tJi liall is low 
 poplar anl^ilJo;^ -d't^w^olf is^f ^^^^^^^ ^^*^ ^^^-'J^oT 
 and marshe8.--C. F. .>|//,,, 183? ""^ ^^^^ numerous ponds 
 
 -il ^t^f'^^'S"^'^^ ^ r"-^ P^Plars. The 
 Cut Arm River crosses SecUon ' 1 T^. '^^ f^^^^ "^^^8. Big 
 <JeeD -^. Z. ij,,,,,^/^ i8?6 ' '^^^"^^^^^^ good water, 2 feet 
 
 ^e^^^^Z^i!;^ wtaTh^ f ^""^^ ^^^^ o^ about 
 versed by Big Cut Arm Cr^e^^rd soTIt Tn ''''': "^ 
 0«^ j««.-North~ftenerallv tr,ni' ' • ' ^- ^^«»«««. 1880. 
 
 scrub and small PopW 0^:,^^f;^v PJ^^^' with considerable 
 the low places were all coveT;d^w?,h .l^^''^ '^^^^^ *^i« sea^n 
 
 aeep. 4cutArmCreerr,X^oTaSS=^^^^^^^ 
 
 ^ . „^,- luwnsflip. 
 
 a4 
 
 '■> ' -^ 
 
 
swamps and 
 
 m soils; class 
 water iu fair 
 aship by Sec- 
 ies south-east, 
 and ffi-atelly 
 clay loam on 
 tches of wil- 
 
 of Little Cut 
 ft light soil, 
 orth half the 
 ^d iiumerptss 
 
 it scattered 
 
 ttt 12 inches 
 
 Arm Creek. 
 
 3 with clay 
 
 *nd 31 are 
 
 [ling prairie 
 
 y loam; ail 
 
 Little Oat 
 
 >i' ; class 2. 
 
 poplar and 
 aces. The 
 Little Cut 
 rhe uorth- 
 
 ivith some 
 d marshy, 
 ind under- 
 ill is low 
 islands of 
 >us ponds 
 
 >lars. The 
 ges. Big 
 ter, 2 feet 
 
 of abont 
 3St. Tra- 
 nti, 188a. 
 
 siderable 
 is season 
 to 4 feet 
 jwnship. 
 
 Tawn,hip> Wf^ of. Second ImiUal Mefidim—Rmge \ • u 
 
 i i il^rme ■ "'"' '"""'"• ^'U 8™' : e-^ W- 
 
 » .^"'•*'«»*'W<,— Consists of priiirie, diversified wiJh Hum. „f 
 poplar and marehes ; traversed U the Bi/r^» A;J^;t u- 1 
 Pjs^^through a marsh its wK eSSiS^th^uK towS^ 
 
 to Ss of^ra^^ 4? ""*•««>'«"'. the township contains some 
 
 thixr^r^iKL fi^'t rd's^rnV^^^rvs'si. *•"• '='"^«' 
 
 ^ ^««««««-North-prairie, with scattered poplar bluffs The soil 
 
 a4 
 
 aj.</,-»e5.-The north is prairie with scattered poplar bluffs, and a 
 
 wood^d~mM?J°'''«J'™"'',,r' "?>"■ ol'^* 1 to 2. No 
 ««n«fi^:™ 7t'"- ^O"- willow scrub on Section 24. 8«> 
 tlon 86 IS crossed by a cart trail ~A. L. RusseU. 1876 
 
 boDla^"tnt(:'i:t-?:;i^!?ir<?L>=».r™"».wia bmsh, wiUow^id 
 Te^y useful ,orM,rrr&Sr,7m '"'"""-"• ^"-^ 
 
32 
 
 »«^'/'* Wea 0/ Second Initial Meridian.^Bnnge 1. 
 
 S7, 
 
 ** l^rJoir^^" fhf e JaSd"™ r'\ '^'^ «--'' «<« « rick 
 
 covered wilb thiok scrab " J^^P?"? n>II™g l«nd. more or iS 
 marehes are namem^ n„ « '.' "J^ "J^y '»""• "='«•» 1- Small 
 r. Z)r«„Z.S!T880 " ^"*'™ 19 « fo'' poplar blafl„ oooor- 
 
 18 and 24 class 2 -^d rtf ht? ^^'''^ "'»»' ' : Sections. 
 Nowo«d„r.wat!;.J3.''i*'S„^rm?''''^ ''"'' "'"^'^ ^ *» ^■ 
 8»odtuX"'°Th~r^li';ij'j^,'-?'-'''>?; 'T' »d broken, of 
 
 ■ ^ow bhS" M'^XrAnHfT^'":''' «r«popi««.d 
 
 west. East-the mrf.™ f. i — *,'," *''® «"'■ "»* «!»«» 1 in th» 
 
 the sonthim Mf rfS^o onr^^'ll"*?"' '""?f '"'™^ •"«» 
 poplar and small mid«rif™.r i ! ""°'y "ooded with heavy 
 SrinSecTon M^Si''''^'^' Pf?"^' »f willow scrS 
 by long grass. The northerl J,.^™^^ «*'!'"'•''** «»^ ""^ 
 class l! leetions 1 L.d?6 cWsef Wol f ^''T l^""* '« "*« 
 land class 2.-^. L. wf 1876 ' ™^ '"'^ ^'^'^ "^ *« 
 
 «.d 30 ra7e''oW^"&wJlaS r>'.«"^P™'ric. Sections 18, 1» 
 
 ai ha™ a »rraveli;'s!,if in7art^edTl!sS'^'?L,^"«<'"» « »<» 
 several small marshes «n.l (),„ ? ■ Ihe former contains 
 
 acrab. Section 7 raLVcyl/bZ^'^' ''t'^ ? ""^"'^ ^'7 '"ok 
 «w»rf, 1880. ' ""-""S '"^'•'y «" marsh.— T.i)«„. 
 
 tbere are a few bl^rV/^e rXk^ Th"'.''' "r''^?' P"* 
 watered with rnnning ^tre^mZ^taX^^^.^'S P " '^*" 
 
 vp^r^^'^^mZ^^^^^ swaxnpy, with 
 
 land is generally 7011^1^^^^ ^f^^^'" ^^« ^^^ance of the 
 billows and 8malCX?t?«TI''i^'^^^ ^^^^ bluffs of 
 
 part of Section 18 where' therels aT ^' T'^' ^^ *^« ^^^*»»«r^ 
 
 lowpJ^lTaSMKltTw^^^^ 
 
 poplar and brule. O^Secdon T'^ f h. r ''^'''^^^^ '^^^ ^^^ge, drv 
 feet wide and U feet deen flL? l\nf crosses a creek, about Y 
 nearly one-fifth tf a S' wiT Vh''\ *^""^'^ " «^«°^Py ^«"ey 
 throughout.-^ Z. WU876 ''^ ^'^'^ ^^^«^« ^ *« ^ 
 
 Vopfi:'^l:::^i^l^ i-omep.rtslow Clumpsof 
 
 quality, in -i « __ 'i""?'*®®- ^he soil cenerallv i« «<•*„;- 
 
 - y, m ,.„... very feniie. The south-'eastern-'quarter l^ 
 
 as 
 
 
 
 rf 
 
nfel. 
 
 b and a rich 
 and swampy 
 more or leset 
 S8 1. Qmall 
 ufls occur. 
 
 'he southern 
 I ; Sections 
 sees 1 to 2. 
 
 I broken, of 
 poplar, and 
 Keefe, 1880. 
 
 5 poplar and 
 ass 1 in the^ 
 rairie; but 
 vitb heavy 
 How scrub 
 ind covered 
 ad 13 rate 
 ttce of the 
 
 ions 18, It 
 ious 6 and 
 er contains 
 I by thick 
 -T. Druu- 
 
 wards the 
 them part 
 ip is well 
 
 apy, with 
 
 Of the 
 
 consist of 
 
 and have 
 
 ice of the 
 
 bluffs of 
 
 northern 
 
 i.~G. C. 
 
 sred with 
 irge, dry- 
 about 7 
 ?y valley 
 3 1 to 2 
 
 as. 
 
 rf- 
 
 lumps of 
 larter is 
 
 • Tcmnshipt West qf Second Initial Meridian.— Range I. , 13^ 
 
 traversed by Stony Creek. There is plenty of wood, hay and 
 water.— Ji. W. Lendrum, 1880. 
 
 Outlines.-^The north and east are more or less covered by brul6^ 
 and windfalls, with bluffs of green poplar and wiUow occuring at 
 intervals. Much marsh or meadow land occurs along the western 
 half of the north line, and on Section 82 are a number of lakes 
 and ponds. The first 4 miles, going west, rate class 1 ; the 5th 
 mile, classes 1 to 2 ; and the 6th, class 2. On the eastern line bluffs 
 of heavy poplar occur on Section 12. A deep lake of bad water 
 lies some distance west of the line on the southern half of Section 
 86. The land rates classes 1 to 2, except on Section 24, where it 
 is class 1, the soil being a good black loam.— il. L. Russell, 1876. 
 
 West— rolling or level prairie, with occasional bluffs of poplar 
 and willow, and numerous marshes There is a large pond in the 
 south of Section 80 and about midway on Section 31 is a creek 
 flowing west. Section 7 and the adjoining half of 6 rate class 1 ; 
 Section 80 and the adjoining half of 19, class 8, and the balance 
 of the land class 2.—G. C. Rai::both, 1880 
 
 Sub-division— The soil is very rich ; but there are numerous 
 lakes and marshes, which somewhat detract from the character of 
 the land for agriculture. There is plenty of timber suitable for 
 building and fencing, except in the south-west quarter.— /J W. 
 Lendrum, 1880 and 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— Along the north there is much poplar and willow, some 
 brul6 ; surface, level ; soil, generally a black loam and class 1. A 
 large creek, with a slow current and excellent water, crosses 
 Section 83. The west is rolling or level prairie, with a few 
 scattered willows and poplars in the south. A creek is crossed by 
 the line on Section 7, and a similar one on 30. Small marshes 
 occur at intervals. Sections 31, 18 and the adjoining portions of 
 7 and 6 rate class 1, and the balance of the land class 2 —G C 
 Rainboth, 1880. 
 
 Section 36 is level and rates class 1. but is thickly wooded 
 with poplar and scrub ; there are occasional open places and 
 many wet marshes or ponds. The balance of the east boundary 
 passes over prairie, with low scrub, brule and fallen timber occur- 
 ing at intervals The adjoining portions of Sections 24 and 25 are 
 broken by ravines, in which are small creeks running into one 
 mam stream, flowing southeasterly. There is some meadow or 
 swampy land towards the south. Section 26 and the south half 
 of 24 rate class 2, a.d the three southern sections, with the 
 balance of 21, classes 1 to 2.— A. L. Russell, 187*7. 
 
 Sub-division.-The surface of this township is gently undu- 
 latmg, and almost covered with a growth of poplar, willow and 
 brush. The average depth of alluvial soil is about 12 inches, with 
 a yellowish clay subsoil. Water in the creeks is good and abund- 
 ant. The poplar in the belts and iRlAnr]<a in HnifoKIa ft«. kiiiUiT,.* 
 purposes, fencing and fuel. There are many small ponds or lake- 
 lets on the western half —22. W. Lendrum, 1882. 
 
 I 
 
14 
 30. 
 
 8cmb» class 1. Y^.^i^ it has a ciittent .^^,^^°^L feet. The 
 boundary several t^"^?^- /o i_gt and a width of ^0 leex. «« 
 
 TViP west 18 level ana TO"i"Sf.^-„ Section »i "j "^ 
 
 part is crossed j>y *^^ Jlnce of the land class 2. Several 
 
 tate class 1, and the l^ajancejn i ^Uboth, 1880. 
 
 occnr on Sections 7 and ^ ^.^ Saluting and is over- 
 
 ^f the mite S«d avet^ ^^l^li^m, W82. 
 
 witk occasional WuttsoipuM 
 
 1 and 2.-A. t RusselU ISTJ- v,rincit>ally spruce 
 
 ?r^h: t miK- °-ef wU heavy ^Tob -^ »;^e_^.o^^_ 
 
 Ssae^of^o^s^^^vBi"^- 7::: 
 
 line.-A. L. Russell, 1877. v,„ndarv is more or less 
 
 = JS? ^^^^^"^ '^''^ '""^ ^'"^^°^ '"° 
 
 boundary.— A. L. itwssew, AOM. 
 
 3d. 
 
 8S. 
 
m. 
 
 Tbwnshfys West of Second Initial Meriiiian.-^Rang4 I, jg 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range II, 
 
 northern parts of 18, 19 and 31 claS^ 1 «L tv,l I i i *^® 
 
 oiass 8. Ike soil is a good clay loam on Sections IH 7n^ 'i 
 gravelly loam on 6 and 7, and on 4hat remains saXwTh; 
 
 sS tV ' ^^'r^y If ^^ P^«^"^ The ForrMKaTcro^es 
 m*r J ^^^ ^** * ^^**^^' ^^«lly ^«^°» soil, class 1, w?th sman 
 marshes occuring on every section. No wood -T. i Gore 1?81 
 
 . .. ,..iviv io aiau a lair uiotribuLion of small marshps _1 
 
 Sinclair and Frames, IbSl. marsnes— - 
 
3. 
 
 a creek flowing north.-- W^, Pec^^ iw ^^ Ume-stone and 
 
 Section 6 has a broken surface cohere western line 
 
 granite boulders, and rates class 8 The test oi ^ 
 
 fs rolling prairiecl^s 2 The e^^^s^ct^^^ 
 
 graYelly loam soil, clMsl, except onae ^^^ .^^ ^^^ 
 
 and rate class 2, Ine river ""J7 . ^rnnne^d. bv the line three 
 northern part of the ^^P^^'S^^^^^^'i^Zr^uI east. Its width 
 ?imes toward the south, f^^*^/^ ^[^'Tthis stream is over a 
 varies from 60 to 100 feet. The valley ^i ^^^.^^ gS. The 
 
 able for farming P"P»5^^^Hot fuel along the SoarU. The 
 
 • There is a good supply »' ^"^ " very hilly, Sid broken by the 
 §:;Sran°St7^a^- tTo^Ss U gl'nerally very l«u.- 
 
 • ant.— k. L. Poudrier, 1881. outlines, is 
 0«^«nes.-The surface of the town^^^P; ^^cUon slthe eastern 
 principally rolling prairie. On the JJ^n, oec ^^^^ ^ ^j^^ 
 
 TaK of'^Sslnd t^e^f t^^ P,tS c ay loam soil. The balance 
 first and the two lasthave a blacK ^^J ^^^3 of 82 and 
 
 of the land is class % ex^P ^^^^ andTroken by the valley of 
 83 which rate class 4.^«^^| ^^^^Xam cro.ses the line near the 
 Moose Mountain Creek This /trea ,,. ^.^^^ -^ 38 yards 
 north-west corner of tl^^^ gSo° 34 has a sandy loam soil, 
 current, rapid; ««?«lX>half C^ie trail. The west 
 
 and is crossed on the eastern J^al* ^V \a however, rates 3, and the 
 has a clay loam soil, cIms I. Sf^^/^^^^'^^any small marshes along 
 adjoininghalfo 80 class2 The^eare^^^^^ ^^^ ^ ,^ 
 
 the central portion of this line, un ^^ ^^.^ being clay 
 
 middle of Section 13 the land rates ci^ , ^^^^^^^ j 
 
 loam with a S^^H f^^^ZlZl Tnumher of small ma«hes 
 over the remainder of tl^e mterva^^ a ^^ ^^^ ^^ ,^ 
 
 occur along this portion <>^fl^l^^;,^J-^ g. South -the soil isclay 
 the south, is Btony, dry and rate«^^^^^^^ ^^^ semi-sections 
 
 loam. Section 3, the western haU ^^ , ^^ t^e latter, class 
 adjoining the former rate class 1 tne d ^^^ ^^^ . ^ 
 2 • and the remainder ot tne ^ana ciasB „jaKe width is 86 
 
 ?he Souris River, on Sections 1 and 6. ^^^^J^{^^^ ^f the valley 
 ya2, and its banks are thialyj->cl ,d, J^/i!?? S. Gore, 1881 
 Ire long and g^^tle^^d are mor^or^e j^^^ ravines, and 
 
 Sub-division.-'^erj '^^^/Sj^feXuntain Creek, along which 
 als*) by the Souns River and M<K)se ^ou considered well 
 
 :L.»«:= fhA.re is some scrubby timber.^ r.»^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^ 
 
 ^ffX'^X: g':ne;S?y';SclLs.-X .. C«r»eW,X8Sl. 
 
41 
 
 6. 
 
 Ibwnshipt Wttt of Second Initial Meridimn.— Range II. it 
 
 * w!^?h4~~7^^ ^°'*^ " imdnlating prairie, broken toward th« 
 ^o5\*^?r"^'^®*' "»d on adjoining portions of SeTHm.«ftJ 
 and 88, by Moose Mountain Creek flowiSirwufcrth^mrhi^^ 
 vaUey one mile wide. The creek is 88feft m^de at thTs^t^h^fh^ 
 Its average width is about 60 and depth 8 Xt • if^l?^^ i 
 bottom and irood water T\Z W ;- r i V " ^^ * gravel 
 yinlf nf a»!:*^ o^ o li. ^^ ^^^^ " *" class 2, except the east 
 ha^f of Section 82 and the west of 81, where it is class 1 AJlT 
 
 vial soil, a brownish clay loam; subsoil clay.-/. ^"HcL 1881 
 The surface, both west and east is rollinir TraS^ tifl - 
 clay loam soil The west rates class i SmaU^mChes a^W 
 mtervaJs all along the line. The east has numero^Zall ma«S 
 and a dark gravelly loam soil. The land ratT claw 1 oTtl!! 
 northern portions of Sections 1, 12 and 18 and XjaT^^aL^K 
 ^se, except on the north of 26 where it is cltTs '^S^ 
 the township contains fair land. Moose Mountain O^t Si? 
 through the central portion and is a XautifS clLr In!? ^ 
 stream about 45 feet wide.~r. S. Sor* 1881 ' "^'^ 
 
 Sub-division.-^mng prairie, with clay soil ; the western 
 
 s^fii^ crr^-';^te sir ^^ ^^"- -miingrr^o 
 
 S^S^wi;?^ ''''*^'''^' generally of this township are rollinir 
 S loam mrxeJiH P^^^^-JJ^ grassy marshes. ^The sS kf 
 ^arK loam, mixed m places with graT^l, and is well adaDt««l iny 
 the pwth of cereals. Moose M?untaik Creek ^Ss^north £[ 
 sout:& down the centre of the township S h^^everal fmaU 
 tributaries. This stream might be utilized for mill sites as thi 
 current is rapid and the bar^ks are Wgh. The nortHnd west have 
 a few deep ravines ; soil generally clly loam over clay ^ W 
 rates class 1. except on section 31 Ekst-eoil a rk^ dark o W 
 loam ; class 1. On Section 86 the line is ^ ed by M^os^ MoJ^^ 
 tain Creek, flowing south-west through a vaUey over a mile^S 
 
 ioVirr deoTht m r*^^- S -idtroTtirsi'e^'^ 
 
 an/fce:&eVrn*<i ^^ aT^^iM t^Ho'^oH^^ ' 
 Su6-6?jufsio».— Prairie, sufficiently undulatintr for drainaim - 
 
 extpt'^S^ The 1 r^^t T^ r^^^^« -•'«- on eve"f^'elS: 
 except 86. The latter is broken by Moose Mountain Creek wWh 
 
 andTs wfd nrf 'Y Tvf?™ l^ali! where its coxLrksouthW 
 and us width 66 feet. This stream courses southwards near rtm 
 eastern boundary^ It is clear and rapid ^th Wgh b^^ 
 might be utilized for mill sites. The ea«t fnr fSo^fi^^T^ n 
 going south, has a dark loamy so 1 cImsT (t %£ f ^* ^ JS'^''* 
 
 mcauuwB occur ou every section excepting 24 a^d 26 'tWo i« «^ 
 wood.— r. Fawcett, 188 1. ^ ana ^o. i hero is no 
 
18 Townships if^st of Second Initial Meridian.-Bnnge IT. 
 
 lakes, which contain Kood water and also some^oo^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ 
 
 erally second ola85.-D. 0. O'Xeefe 1881. 
 
 ,. 0„«,:n«.-The north i^""-\f„*''r"te™"|o"ds^^^ 
 ■wert, and class 1 thrr aghout. Tl>«« j'™ ^I^ to and fto across 
 the eastOTB half. Moose Monntam Creek wind^ to a ^^^^ 
 
 the west line »d then p^ee^ m -^']^;«t U »«>?-'>* 
 
 s^n\'r TS^"»sftat^j='»-lriL":s:rtCugS: 
 
 ^•^S.t&,'r-Uvelp,«n>ira™s^^^^^ 
 
 J^^lKrrno I'Zri^^r SVose Vuntain._S. 
 
 Brorfte, 1881. 
 
 a Ou.Zi..s.-The north i. -<i-\-*-g£X:rpi^^^^^ 
 
 aging class 2. There are ^^^^^^-^f^^^^^f j^^^^^^^ qnantities of 
 
 -S^ 'rZ;- 'S'^Je^^gf til pop.a.b,n«sonthe 
 
 lorth of Section 86.-0. J. ^ f J' ^ff^^ .^^ undulating prairie, and 
 
 West and east is nearly all 'o""^f^^7^'i^_sged three times on 
 
 xates class 1 throughout. ^^^^^J^l^^^JZ^er flowing south- 
 
 Section 6, and once on 7, by a ^^eK oi go ^^^^^^^ ^^ 
 
 ^est. This stream IS a^<^^\f J^^^f J'^ ^l^t^^^^^ both lines. The 
 miles per hour. There are ^^^f Jf f^XTart of 24 rate class 2. 
 north half of Sect on 18 and the^ou^h P^^^^^ ^ ^^^^1 
 
 Near the southern limit of 86 the east ij^e is 
 creek of good ^^t^lA^^r^^l^^fir^vfted ^^^^^ g^««B- The 
 
 . ;:^lis^ :i:^llrmai?rerof Lh water and a few ponds.- 
 
 •. o::r:rsouthern tier ^^^f^^^^^T^^ 
 eastern tier isjery heavflyjoU^^^^^^^^^ ^, ^,,^3. 
 
 ^te^'tTth^^towrsh^^^^^^ reserve-i.-. Har^ l^^- 
 
11. 
 
 of ^ot'm;^^Af^:^.itr^^jr'''-'^-'y tie„ 
 
 south tier is rolliuir land with ^^^T! ^ ^\^}^ ^«"'s band The 
 on Sections I. 2 and TwhS^e suSabrf ^l"^'-^^ P^^^" timber 
 eastern tier has numerous nnn^«ri5i« for fencing and fuel The 
 Sections 28 and 24 a^d th^e^t^^",?^ the'^greater part of 
 
 being covered with heavy timber if «11 ®''*'^^* ^S. 26. 85 and 86 
 diameter. The norther7porUori« j" k-i?' \^ ^ !» inches in 
 Mountain. The heavily t?mW«i J P" ^'"5^' ^«^"» ^^ ^be Moose 
 fresh water, the source supplfn^^^^^ contain large laCof 
 
 though It must be other tCirI.f^ ^°"^^ ^^^ be determined, 
 for farming purposes, but i^the north'^S^t , ^oil-excellent 
 ™; ^"* -^ -ond class*iVrLXt*t33t^^^^ 
 
 • £foTa5;?tt^ aTd^rndV^rcl^a^.^^ *^^'«- *- -il- 
 and 18 rolling, with a growtLfsmalT^^^^^ then rises 
 
 some hay swamps ; class 8 GeSwh^'^"'^.^"^ ^^»«^^ 
 timbered with various woods and « !?o/ ^ township is heavil^ 
 The soil is poor and liSt and 1 T^ """"l^'Srowth of hazel 
 covered with lakerponds «r,T H""* ^^^^'tbird of the area is 
 nnsuUable for aS^^_!5^ ZlfTd^T^'^'''^ t^« toCship 
 
 and Potdt wuT'tle^ex^S^^^^^^^^ '^''* "P ^^ numerous lakes 
 
 of Sections 26, 24 and llf VeAlS^^^^^ ^5, 86 36, and portions 
 part, wth poplar, willow, S e c [hi il'?^ ^^ *^^ ^^^^h-east 
 inches m diameter. The ^outh tier nVil.^^'P^^' Showing to 14 
 reserve of White Bear's band Soif *''''''n'' ^"'^'-^^^^ the 
 sandy and stony sub-soil ;^refl.?h"^^78,«^^^^^ ^^andy. with a 
 L. G. Garon, 1882. '•' "**' ^*th some second class.— 
 
 I 
 
 lies on the north slope of W Mon;;?»r"'"i >' *>■« township 
 
 -Kits- "^^zi^H^^^j 
 
 West, east and 8outS~rollin.Tl-J;?!l;.,, 
 of a ricn biacfc mould, varyinff fiom'fi VTo/-""v * ®.**" consisting 
 ™bso„ of elay 0. sandV l.S.?oLr ^'^^a- tSl^-^J 
 
20 nwnxhips West of Second Ini^^al Meridian— Range 11. 
 
 to wood. Cannot be surpassed for farming and well suited for 
 grazing.—/. G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 SM6-dtt>i<ton. — Principally rolling prairie; a few small 
 marshes ; scarcely any kind ot timber. Near the centre is a largo 
 lake, with a hard bottom, and good water of an average depth of 
 6 feet. The water in the marshes is generally good. Soil, a cla^ 
 loam, mixed with limestone gravel ; uniformly first-class.—^. C. 
 ' Caddy, l881. 
 
 18. Ott^/mfs.— North, east and west— gently rolling prairie, with nu- 
 merous clumps of small poplar and deo^-a willow. Soil, a good, 
 dark sandv loam, occasionally gravelly, on a clay subsoil. Marshes 
 and ponds are numerous On Section 26 the east line is crossed 
 by a creek flowing south-east. A cart trail to Fort Ellice crosses 
 the north boundary on Section 36, and the west line on Section 
 n.—A. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Snrhce rolling. The north portion has a good 
 deal of poplar timber and willow brush growing in scattered 
 groves and bluffs. The south part is open prairie. Many grass 
 marshes, ponds and lakes occur, all containing fresh water, ine 
 trail from Fort Ellice to Moose Mountain crosses from north-east 
 to south-west. Soil, a dark, clay loam, about 1 foot deep, with a 
 clay subsoil ; first-class.- J. /. McKenna, 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines.— On all the boundaries it is gently rolling prairie, with 
 occasional marshes or small ponds, and frequent clumps ot small 
 poplar and dense willow. Pipestone Creek enters this township 
 on Section 19, and flows through a valley from one-quarter^to one- 
 half a mile wide, and 100 to 150 feet deep, passing out on Section 
 12 Along this stream the bush is more plentjful, and on the 
 south bauk attains a larger size than elsewhere, being about 6 
 inches in diameter. On Section 18 the line crosses a creek flow- 
 ing south-east, the banks of which are thickly wooded. The 
 alluvial eoil is a good dark sandy loam, sometimes mixed with 
 gravel ; subsoil, clay. A cart trail to Fort Ellice crosses the south- 
 east corner. On the east there is a clay loam soil, class 2, in the 
 south half, and class 1 in the north half, where there are also 
 numerous small ponds and marshes —A. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Gently undulating, with a number of deep 
 swamps ; traversed by Pipestone Creek. The soil is /air in quality, 
 and there is plenty of wood for fuel and fencing.— il. Hamel, 1881- 
 
 15. Ouiiines.— The north is open prairie, with numerous marshes, and 
 a few small islands of poplar The soil is a good clay loam, and 
 where not too wet is class 1. The west is rolling prairie, with an 
 excellent clay loam soil, class 1. There are poplar bluffs all along 
 the line and, in places, small marshes. The east is open, rolling 
 prairie, with a good clay loam soil, all class 1. Sections 36 and 25 
 are somewhat marshy. — A. C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 8ub-division.—One-ha\i of this township is covered with scrub, 
 .^;j}Q.nrr aj^f^ .=.o,.attered poplar, the latter only fit for firewood ; the 
 soil throughout is first-clasc— BttrcAiZ/ and Davis, 1881. 
 
16. 
 
 ^».*>. W,., Of Second W,, ^„*«._^„, „ 
 
 21 
 
 OuUineB.-Th^ norfh • , . "-— ^«^e II. 2I 
 
 ., The west and east iTromZ ^^?'"'^*' ^^^l. ^' ^^°^ 
 
 Bubsoih It i, admimb y adanZ ■ ?''^' ^^-^^^ ^°^'«. with a clay 
 watered and timbered.-^ TXlt ' '^^"culture, beine w«n 
 
 water. The soillT'; wick K^ ^a^ 
 
 ^«^^.vo«, 1881. ^°* ^°^^. very rich and deep ~.|; (? 
 
 Outlines. — The north is it 
 
 swamps, bluffs of small pjn&r^'"1: ^""'^^ ^^ass 2. Gra«« 
 
 sional wootd^XT".^ ^^^?y ^«d broken countrv wi.>, 
 about ^fi 'T^ °^ *^e former section fIV ■^'°' "'^'^^^'^ ^^1 
 poplar and willow. SeXHfi l ^^^?'' *^« ^^^ter section wi?? 
 
 whole totaTCiTl'i^S''^.^, «>« Q«'Appelle Kivor Tk„ 
 3.onal grove, ofVl^r «h S'^S -^' "'f ??-5 «d o^! 
 
 2j* poplar timber, averaging about 6 inoL in dSteJ; 
 
 18. 
 
S2 Toienshipt Weft of Second Initial Meridian. — Ranfj^e 11. 
 
 
 on Section 80. A few poplar and willow blufls occur toward the 
 west. Thoro nro a number of shallow ravines with marshy bot- 
 toms— TT. T. Thomfmn, 1880. 
 
 West, south and east — rolling, class 2; scrub, poplar and 
 willow clumps; numerous small ponds and marshes. — T. Kains, 
 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The township is of average second class quality, 
 somewhat broken by small hay swamps with alternate patches of 
 prairio and scrub, the latter intermixed with poplar timber with 
 some scattered oak, well adapted for cultivation ; good land ; 
 plenty of hay and fresh water. — W. and D. Beatty, 1881. 
 
 1*. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie, with a number one clay loam 
 soil. Section 84 is a sandy loam and 81 has gravelly knolls. The 
 eastern part has a considerable growth of small poplar and willow, 
 and in Section 84 there are numbers of marshes. Eastwards, the 
 soil is a sandy loam, rather light and gravelly on Sections 24 and 
 26, but good elsewhere, and a clay loam on Section 1. On the 
 west the 60\\ a rich clay loam. There are some dense islands of 
 willow.— C. F. Miles, 1880. 
 
 Second class land, broken ' y small ponds. There is a good 
 deal of scrub. — T. B. Clemenii, 3 jO. 
 
 ao. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie with a good clay loam soil. 
 Sections 35 and 86 are inclined to be marshy and have a slight 
 growth of poplar. The west is also rolling, with a clay loam 
 soil, class 1. In the south-west there are mauy islands of small 
 poplar and willow. The east has a sandy loam soil, except Section 
 26, which is clay loam, but all is class 1. Section 1 has some 
 poplar and is crossed b> Little Cut Arm Creek, 8 feet deep. — C. F. 
 Miles, 1880. 
 
 Sub-d' vision.— Ir&versed by Little Cut Arm Creek. The soil 
 is very good, and there is plenty of wood for fuel. The water is 
 fresh and abundant. — T. B. Clementi, 1880. 
 
 ai. Outlines. — ^The surface of the township, as it appeared from the 
 boundaries, is all rolling prairie. The north has much light soil, 
 some poplars, dense willows and numbers of marshes. The west 
 has black and clay loam soils and is very wet and marshy, except 
 Sections 6 and 7, which are class 1. The east is wet, marshy land, 
 generally sandy, and in places stony, with bluffs of poplar and 
 dense willows. Tl i best part is in Section 86, which is clay loam, 
 class 1, and is higher and dryer than the rest. Generally the south 
 half is low prairie. The north half has scattered islands of poplar 
 and willows, and the whole is cut up by numerous ponds and 
 marshes.— C F. Miles, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rather mirshy, but can easily be drained. 
 The soil is fair, and there is an abundant supply of timber for 
 building and fuel. The Battle rf?; 1 rail crosses the southern tier 
 of Sections. — T. B. Clementi, T; i 
 
 Sta. Outlines. — ^The north is rolbt n^ r^iairie, having some clumps of 
 
 Tx/x-rvlav anA nn-naiatinrr r\t a iTaw ..-rnrkA cnil S/iino email TYloarlnTlirB 
 
 Owing to the heavy rainfall this season, the low places were all 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ««. 
 
y 
 
 ,( 
 
 n 
 
 98 
 
 'i^A»- Weu of Secona Initial MeriUian.^j^,,. „ ^8 
 
 clay loam. The ifne crosses a lakeTeVon S r '"o "' ^ ^""'^ ^^^^^ 
 ioug narrow lake.- FT. O^lv^ 1880 '^ ^^'^ ^^' '*'»^ ^^ ^^ » 
 
 erly tra;!-^^^ On the west the south- 
 
 northerly third clay loam clasfl • snL ^"''"i? ^ *"^ »• ^^^ the 
 Along the east there arescal?«r«V T '"^f^l^"* and small wood 
 bnish. Section Vh^a stoiv anS""' " vff ' ^ J^ ^"^^^ ^^^ u^d^l 
 marshy. General 1 ylhe land [saiiJSV '''^' ^^ ^6 is low and 
 second-growth poplar and dens*, Im"""' ".^^'^'^^ ^^^h much 
 there are rallevs or dt>S?e8sion« ♦>, """^ undergrowth. Where 
 them.~C. F mJ, 1880 ° '' "' «^"«'^"y marshes ^ 
 
 ^ol^i::£'^^r;^^r^V^^^oo^a with poplar, up 
 a^nd marshes, so thStS^a^t^re^:^^^^^^ «f 1^^^? 
 
 "''''•^. Soil, third cla88.-J„o J^?; i^fi^ unattractive for settle- 
 
 84 and 81. which are low and swamnv ' IT ^' ^^^■•^P^ Sections 
 poplar bluffs ; soil somewhat irrTHP' u ^>^ *''^'^* ^«« scattered 
 On the three southerne^ion-nf^t'^' ^'^^ ""^^^ nearly class 1 
 bluffs of poplar and scrub the soil is' ^^«^ *1»«^« are oJcasfonal 
 class 2. The three refining sectfons f ^'^ ^^ ^^« ^^"^^ '^^68 
 rich clay loam. Thero i« 1 i* ^®°"°"^ ^^ «te class 1. the soil beinc- a 
 half of Section 31 and malW?" T^ °*" "^^"^ ^^^^ on the nS 
 the line. A cart 'trail f^m Oum T T""' ** ^^**^^^^1« -^l ^C 
 T. Drummond, 1880 ^ " ^*^® ^^°«««« «» Section 30 i 
 
 wateSl-'^'^K- and well 
 
 &- Vsr^'^^ ^^ n.r/es1n^t c^ntr^aY p^^rtn'!!^^ 
 
 ^f^i^^o^^^^^ is rolling prairie, 
 
 the soil is a fine gravelly loam ol««« T^ '^°'*' P°P^*^ ^uffs, and 
 lake in Sections 85 and 36 On fh! ' ?\'^''* ^^^^ ^^ alkaline 
 going north, the soiUs a rich c W 1 '^''*' ^°' ,*,^" ^^^^ ^^^r mile^ 
 and the land rates J ass /''iVom^th^n^' ^l^^^^V ^^ ^ ^^^ P^^^ 
 «oi' boing gravelly and light Sere ar.' I '' 'i^^'" ^ ^"^^' ^^^ 
 marshes. The east cont^his oopTar hlnff/'^^ many scattered 
 places where there is thick wilfow scrub Th^"^ occasional wet 
 loam ; class l.-r. Drummond, im ^^' '°'^ *' * "°^ ^^^T 
 
 watefaMrgrrf^^^^^^^^^^ -<l,--ral creeks of good 
 
 a rich beayy^clay Wm^'^There fs ^ot mf SV'I^ '^^^ '^^^ 
 J J. Burrows, 1882. ^* "^'^^^ building timber.— 
 
 ^ i2r"^K'*%I?ir*^ i« W"e. with scattered bl„ff« ... ^:n.^ 
 w.e.itTs^e^^--'I^^:Llu!^l^ 
 
 94. 
 
 r 
 
24 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range IL 
 
 The west has scattered poplar bluffs and scrub, and a gravelly 
 soil, classes 2 and 8. Sectirrx 31 is somewhat alkaline, and en 
 Se^iiong M and 7 there is a small lake and long marsh. The east 
 is, more or less, covered with thick scrub. Soil, a rich clay loam, 
 class I . Small marshes are numerous. Very large marshes occur 
 on Sections 24 and SJ5 ; on the former re several poplar blutls.— 
 
 T. Drummond, 1880. . • x • 
 
 Sub-division. -The land is very good m some paits^ mlerior 
 in others. The timber ifi laige e^iough for buildmg, luel and 
 fencing. The water is generally good, but there are a iew ponds 
 containing water having a bitter tafcta.— D. C. O'Keefe, J 880. 
 26 Out'ines —The north is open and undulating prairie, with som® 
 poplar bluffs. Soil generally class l.—A. L Russell, 18^0. 
 
 The west is rolling prairie; soil gravelly; class 2 llnck 
 scrub on Section 7, a large marsh on 18 and another on 19. Ihe 
 whole of the east line is poor, being either marshy, gravrelly or 
 alkaline. — T. Drummond, 1880. . 
 
 Sub-division —The soil is black clay, of superior quality, well 
 watered by running streams and ponds containing good water. 
 The timber will be useful lor fencing and fuel.— D. C. O'Keeffe, 
 1880. 
 JW Outlinfs.—The north is rolling prairie, soil generally a fair sandy 
 loam, classes I and 2. The west is more or less wooded on the 
 southern sections with poplar and willow. Soil, sandy or clay 
 loam, class 1. A creek of good water, about 13 feet wide and 2 
 feet deep, crosses on Section 80, flowing west. Sections 1, 12, 8b 
 and the south half of 25 on the east line, consist of rolling or level 
 prairie, with a black, sandy loam soil, class 1. The balance of the 
 land is generally rolling and more or less covered by blufts ot 
 willows and small poplars ; it rates class 2, except on the 
 northern part of Section 13, where there is a large boggy marsh.— 
 G. a Rninboth, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— The soil is rich, black, sandy loam, varying 
 from 1 to 2 feet in depth. Gravelly sub-soil. The country is well 
 watered with creeks and ponds, and there is plenty of timber from 
 4 to 6 inches in diameter.— E. W. Lendrum, 1880. 
 
 28. Outlines —The first three miles of the north boundary, going east, is 
 principally rolling or undulating prairie, with a light gravelly 
 soil. There is an area of heavy poplar on Section 31, and a few 
 smaller clumps of poplar, willow and scrub at intervals. Section 
 34 is rated class 1. Section :^5, covered by dense willow under- 
 brush, mingled with fallen timber and some heavy poplar, rates 
 classes 1 to 2. All the rest of the land is class 2. On Section 36 
 is a lake about 30 chains wide, bordered by marsh —-4. L. Russell, 
 
 1816. , , „ , 
 
 The west is rolling coantry, with occasional clumps ot poplar 
 and willow. Soil, snndy or clay loam. The land rates class 1. 
 There is quite an area of marsh on Section 31, and several small 
 marshes on 19 and 80. The east is level and rolling prairie, with 
 frequent bluffs of willow and small poplar. Section 12 and the 
 
It I 
 
 Biarshttt'dTopI-^bCffs* P^ff.^ith. numerous lake« and 
 ".Che. ,„ 2feef irdepr^avefl^tCl™^ t"1 'T ' fr"- » 
 
 soil eastwards is genertnTlLrl ^^^^*^n«i^e wet marsh. The 
 ed poplars and r^n7hl^^:^^':ia^tX'""^- ^""''^ ^'^ --*'«- 
 and several creeks wifhffoodwrtpf...u^'''??*' P^'^« swampy, 
 
 13andtheadjoining^oSon2a„Tl f "^^ Sections 86 
 balance of the land clL 2 -^gVt?^"!!^^ I and the 
 
 Subdivision — Th Rnrfo ^Ratnboth, 1880. 
 
 latingandoyrrgrow^inpt:e?wiS^^^^^ ^^ "-^^^^ ^ndu- 
 
 The «cil is a sandy loam^ o aTJir 'T" ^i^^'^^'*^ ^"^^ ^^^shwood 
 
 reddish clay subsoil ^hetrainroro'^l^ "^,?^ "^^^^«' ^i^h a 
 
 across the township in a ir/h^asTer^v'^f-^^^^^^^^ *° ^'^'"^ "^«« 
 «/r«m, 18«2. ^ easterly direction — i2. ^ ^^g^. 
 
 86, 18 about i(. feet deen and li^d ^ -5 ^^^^ ^"'*^^'' "i Section 
 
 81 ther is a small J£?/Sl7.1"^tr^^^^^^^ ^ «-^-^ 
 
 Ite White Sand"^ C; about 6 ft Tk^^ I^'"^' "^^^^^^^ <^l-«« 1- 
 and immediately east of 'fh^ 1?! ^.* K"'!^' ^^°«*^^"« ^^^vtion 36 
 
 soulh.west. Se^tLt 86 0^5 a„V'l2";r^^^ ^o ^'^*^^^ ^^^^ ^^e 
 tie land class l.-G. a R:,inbX llhQ ^' ^"^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ of 
 
 of an^So^^^l^;,^^^ i^ a^"r^^^?f ^«- ^^'^ a soil 
 soil. The northern half ortheTnw.\ '^' ^'""^^'^^^'^ ^'^7 «^ib- 
 extent, overg.-own with poUr iTalv^?' '" n ^^^'^^^^erable 
 contanis numerous ponds aSdmfrfw^?i ^"^f^^ ^'^'^'^'t^' and 
 south-east quarter is not so f hlS ^'' ""'^h a few lakes. The 
 
 and the sou\h-west"qua tor sti 11 Js sTTS '^ ^'^ i^°^^^ ^'^^^ 
 bn^Mmg pu.poses. Ld tor Wnrand^^.l:!:^';.^^^^^^^ 
 
 "^ ^Stm;:;;:^^^^^:^/,^^ -^"ow. pop^, spru. 
 
 stream, called Stony CrTek fs 'crssed . ^'^ P'^^'" ^ ™<lin& 
 
 and once on d5. The soH consists of S fni'n '""^ "'^ '^^^^^^'^ 34 
 
 on a clay or sandy subso 3 L Jl .1 o "''^'' ^^' ^^l^^ium 
 
 ^here it is clasJ 2. T trt^ftof ,^1^.''.;^^^'^^ ^^S-tion 81. 
 
 IviTer IS crossed on the latter seoHo; W ^l^'V"" *^^ ^'^"^smaboine 
 
26 
 
 S8 
 
 lownships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range II. 
 
 ward across the line and connects with Lake of the Woods. 
 iietween this and the timbered banks of the Assinaboine River 
 which 18 crossed on the latter part of the third mile, the surfac^ 
 18 .mamly prairie. Bulldog Marsh in the north, and a belt of 
 timber, about 50 rods wide, in the south of Section 30. Along the 
 three remaining miles the country is covered with thick scrub 
 interspersed by a few clumps of scattered poplar and spruce! 
 Un Section 6 a small creek proceeds northward, on the east of the 
 line. The land is all class 8, except the north half of Section 19 
 which rates class 2, and is crossed by a trail to For^ Pelly. The 
 soil consists of 6 to 18 inches of alluvium on a clay or sandy clav 
 s^hBo\\.—P. H. Dumais,l%%Z. ^ ^ 
 
 Outlines— The first five miles of the west boundary, l oing north is 
 principally scrubby prairie, with a few stray patches of poplar aiid 
 scattered spruce. The greater part of the sixth mile passes 
 through poplar and spruce woods. It is crossed near the middle 
 by a branch of Stony Creek, the main stream of which traverses 
 Sections 19 and 7. Jn the southern part of the latter is a lake 16 
 chains wide, and in the north of Section 6 is a large pond, near 
 which is a road to Fort Pelly The land rates class 8. the average 
 depth ol alluvial soil being about 10 inches ; subsoil clay.^P H 
 
 
 t 
 
 .1' 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range III. 
 
 ' ^l"^'irF°'i^^M ^* °'^^««' ^^°"& **»« ^est boundary going 
 north the land rates class 2, and the balance of the second mile 
 class 1, the surface thus far being rolling prairie, and the soil 
 gravelly loam. From thence northwards, and along the northern 
 
 ^T^.^7^' ?^ T^^t^ '^ r^^^S' ^^^'^^'^ *^d generally very stony, 
 and 18 all class 3. Near the middle of the silth mile the line is 
 crossed by the Souris river flowing ea*t; its width is 6i yards, 
 and along Its banks are a few maples and elms. The vallev is 
 wide and deep. It courses across the north of the township Ld 
 eaves on Section 36, flowing north-east. The soil on this section 
 is a good clay loam, class 1 on the north, and class 2 on the south 
 of the river. The next three southern miles consist of a sandy 
 loam soil, rated alternately classes 1 and 2. On the northern haft 
 !!.f T thelme crosses a lake 83 yards wide, and extending 
 east and west for some distance. In this vicinity the land & 
 stony, and rates class 8. The remainder of the country is roUine 
 prairie, wih a gravely loam soil, class 1. The Fort fclice trS 
 crosses Section -b.— T. «. Gore, 1881. 
 
 The south is rolling and undulating prairie. Soil, class 2 No 
 wood or water — PT. Pearce, 1880. ""i^.i^iass ^. «o 
 
 Sub-divuion.~TTa.YeTSGd and much broken by the Souris 
 
 wXit TV. "''"^^^^"^ T«fc ^^"It'hes and ravines connecting 
 _i-_ac _i„ g...„^^„^^j. ii^iigc^i Willi asa, elm, maple and 
 
T 
 
 »>'««.*.>, W.^ ^ Secona Initial M„iaian.-JU.nge Hi „ 
 
 North^^rsi-i^VioZ'^ie/'' "t^-f Without w«H,. 
 
 excepting in the south-west wW;?" • i^^^*' '^ ^^ also class 2 
 generally stony. N^rronr smaH ^' '^^ ^' *^^ ^^^ beL^' 
 north East, the lanZ da8sT.rL"'r''^l' °P*^^^ ^^^ard thf 
 class 3 the surface being bSen;"^.^^''^^'"?^ ^' which rates 
 ers and limestone -T I ^^1??? '"'^""''^ ^'*^ ^^^^^^e bould- 
 
 Sub-diviston.— This +nwr«Ii,; •* 
 prairie, except in the southeTn oaTt wJ.^'^^'f "^ «^^&^*ly 'oUing 
 the Souris River up inrthe fir^rtieTof" t"^ ^^^i^^es run from 
 rule IS light, sandy loam and in 1 fl '^?*''''''- ^^^ ^^^^ ^ a 
 good for farming. TherT'a?e « lt\^^ '^"*'«^« ^ould be My 
 grass about theS is of the Wn^'^^'"*''^-.''^*" P^^^« «»d^e 
 the whole, the townstp w^uldttL^^^^^ On 
 
 farming purposes-^. £. p^nS Tssi ^"^^'"^^ **^ 
 
 ^- «enSy~t?n;r^ra^^^^^^^^^^ a clay loam soil; 
 
 numer Js towird Z7^^' N^^ld '"'^'h ^"^f » «»arshesTe 
 soil and is class I . Section 24 h^^' ^?® ^^* ^^^ * ^1*7 loam 
 ing half of 25 class 2 There ar« T"""'' '*1f ^' ^"^ ^^^^ ^^Jo^ 
 central portion of thfs line flV 1 X/lTi" '""^^^^ ^^«^g «»« 
 
 and ?lTtftlf o^/?i^^^^^^^^ Sections S. 19 
 
 class 2. Numerous small ma^lih *^^ ^^^f^^® «^ ^^e iW 
 
 soil, OTer clar SeSit^? »'«'»"• T"' » brownish clajloaa 
 81 are brokJn by portaL ^Fatr """f <"■ '* ""J ">e weTrf 
 rate cte 2. Th/baZnrof °L aSd Z"f''«\^'^P »»'«". a»d 
 ™al. pond, or hay -.hesoit irve'?yii;-:;"rL.?r. 
 
 -grrvdly"^1:?i7l„X' we^iiTT ",'"" \»=»y '"-' «•".' 
 marshes are numerous XaTt' ?h„ f^.,' '" """ "«'■ Sm^ 
 long intervals along the e^t L„ xt «>»^-^«st. and occur at 
 line—T. .<!. «„,, ^g^Y •"" '""«• Th^e « no wood on either 
 
 and ZZ~rr:^:{s^ -"• l'™''- •'7 Sr-velly knoIU 
 ^nlL-nor;hXr,t-^riSi~«^^^^ 
 
28 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian— Range III. 
 
 except on Section 36 and the western half of 85, where it is class 
 2. In the west there are many meadows and marshes, and a 
 good soil, class 1. In the east there are a few deep ravines, and 
 the soil generally is a clay loam over clay. The land rates class 
 1, except on Section 8C, where it is class 2. "Water scarce ; no 
 wood.— r. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 Suh-division. — Prairie ; the soil is a clay loam ; there is a 
 number of small, scattered grassy ponds.— J. Warren, 1881. 
 
 •. Outlines. — All rolling and nndulating prairie, with a dark loamy 
 soil ; class 1. Along the north small marshes or meadows 
 occnr on ev^^ry section, except 32. No wood or running water. 
 Along the west large marshes and meadows occur on Sections 30 
 and 18. On the east line many small meadows occur on the three 
 southern sections, and on Section 36. No wood.— T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 Sub-division. — All prairie, with a good deal of silver poplar 
 scrub, sufficiently undulating to admit of drainage. Several large 
 ponds, with good water. Meadow land in considerable areas, 
 i^oil, clay and sandy loam, with clay and sand subsoil, occasion- 
 ally mixed with limestone gravel ; first and second class. Some 
 gravel ridges.— D. C. O'Keeffe, 1881. 
 
 7, Outlines. — The north is rolling and undulating. On Sections 34 
 and 35 there is a creek of good water, averaging about 15 feet in 
 width, 2 feet in depth, current one mile per hour, general course 
 south-east. The land rates class 1 throughout. The west is 
 rolling prairie, class 1. On ^'ection 19 is a ravine, in which 
 is Moose Mountain Creek, about 25 feet wide, 3 feet dee-, 
 current I J miles per hour, course east. Several large ponds on the 
 three southern sections. Going south on the east boundary, a 
 fresh water creek passes alongside till Section 23 is reached, where 
 the stream winds to and fro along the line for over half a mile 
 and then proceeds in a south-westerly direction. The average 
 width of this creek is 32 feet, depth 1^ feet, current IJ miles an 
 hour. The land rates class 1 to the middle of the next mile, as 
 also on Section 1 and the adjoining half of 12, whore the surface 
 is undulating and level. What remains is all class 2 Section 13 
 has a ravine and also a valley over half a mile wide, in which is a 
 creek, similar to that just described. Many largo ponds occur on 
 the two southern sections. There is no wood.— C. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 Sub-division. — Partly level and partly rolling prairie. The 
 soil is a black, sandy loam. Traversed by Moose Mountain Creek, 
 a rapid stream, having several capital mill sites.— S. Brodie, 1881. 
 
 "S. Outlines.— The northern portion of this township lies along the 
 base of Moose Mountain. In t'.ie deep ravines of the hills there 
 is some poplar and birch. The laud is rather broken and stony 
 for agriculture, but will answer admirably for the pasture of sheep. 
 The hills and the small lakes give the country a picturesque 
 appearance. The line crosses two small crooks on Section 35 and 
 another on 32. Each stream has a rapid current, good water, and 
 
 flows south. The Wood Mountain trail crosses on Section 36 
 
 a J. Kloiz, 1881. 
 
 ^i 
 
lO. 
 
 29- 
 
 T^nsHips West of Second Initial Meridian -Ran,. Ul. ,, 
 
 and Iln'f, -;^*~^^^^ and level prairie 
 
 The west line is crossed in?h\^t^^''^T ^^' "^^^^^ is class 2 
 Mountain, and on 19 by a creek 20 t"? ^^^? ^"' ^'^^ *« ^ood 
 current, one mile per hour Tvff ' * i -^^^ -^^^^ ^^^ H feet deen • 
 Section 1, and once^n lTi>y ^Ck 0^'^''^^'^''- *^^-on 
 
 ^or^"^^^^^^:^^^ of the north 
 
 Mountain. Two creeks run south from A *^^'' '" P^^* ^^ Moose 
 
 s^^ '\^Vo ^"^ ^^«« from ponds Th? i^? "^«^^t«in- The town- 
 S^ewor^, 1881. ^ °"®' -^^^ soil is a sandy loam.— /. 
 
 **. Outlines. — Nor+K +1, 
 
 Reserve Thet^n^r^ Tror, \^|L^ '^ ]^.^}te Bear's India, 
 poplar, balm of Gilead Tnd some hi^Jh^'"'^ ^^^'^^^ ^'^^^ered wiS 
 in diameter. Section srisloTand^w/r'^^^^^.?.*^ 1^ i««l»e« 
 3- West- rough, hillv eonr^iZ !^ ^^ampy. Soil is sandy class 
 
 wooded gullies aAdSkbar^hirf ?"'*' 'f'""^- I* ^^as^'deep 
 g^lead, and willow undtbrush Sn^'' "^'^ ^^^^^^ ""^ ^^^^^ of 
 a great irmny ponds and marshes fh '""^^L '^^^^ ^^ There are 
 are mostly heavily rolling p'S rt ''^''^^''" ^'^' ^^ ««otions 
 limbered with poplar, birch ash m 1 ^^^^^""^g Portion is well 
 of hazel. There are numerou ' kf ^^ ^"/ ' ^""«« undergrowth 
 out. The soil is fair buT the J '^ P''"^' ^^^ «^^^«hes through- 
 settlement.-iy. ^«;/, 188, '''''"'^^P ^« unsuitable for present 
 
 rath^rtotn^^S to^iT for^ ^^^o^ ^'T' ^^ ^^^ ^^-tain, 
 graznig of sh. ep. SoxL Lh i^' ''"* "^^'^ adapted for the 
 Wood Mo„„.a,-„ Ll^^eXllCa^l t„'e';i;^T ^f^ 
 
 ^nb-i/ivisinn.—The soil ,•« „ • i. 1 
 rough,,.... of ,h.. oo„mry 'L?al V ,ht7 ',»™,.b«t owing to 
 
 wh,.h ,.ov.>,. ,he most „ a: ra4e' w!nT- J^" ""P'" ^ilZ, 
 for fuel „„<I olhor n„r ,0.™ fo/LT^ *"■" '¥ *«»"■=» of supnW 
 good. N^„i„„„,,i,. 'rj^,t.-l^l;'['„-/3he future. Wa". e? 
 
 Popfrr^vhS hir'r'STj:, '"'"'",'' "■"'""•'"I ^i'h ash maple 
 
 « poor .„,<1 ligh. and 1 ^h .""'•'■''^V''''''^''' °f i«>=«l. Th" S 
 with *;..... II 1 1 '^ ' **"" '^s about one-third rf +», . ^- . -^^e son 
 witn anaiJ lakes, ponds and mirsho^ fV. \^, '^^"-'^ ^^ covered 
 It unht lor agi-iculturo.-lr Crril^J^^ '"^"^^ •'^aractor renders 
 
 of ^o^u'^aTcT-^I^Z^ r''' ^^P^-^tifu] growth 
 undergrowth of .ha?e some of ?K ^^ ^/''^' '^'^^' ^"^^ very d.Tise 
 purposes. Lakes and ^omL with ""^'^ ^1,^^^^*^^^ ^or bSiMi^n^^^ 
 
 occupv about half Ihe'^en fr'e ^ la ^s"7"^ V^-^ ^^^ ^^"^ter^ 
 l,n*i. , Jift. arta. i^^ctions J, 2 and 3 arc 
 
 heavy, rojlino- c^^ 
 
 White Bear's band. Th 
 
 le «.!irfa 
 
 
^m^^fmmm 
 
 mm 
 
 80 
 
 11. 
 
 12. 
 
 Tbwnships Wut of Second Initial Meridian.--R^nfr^^ll. 
 2nd report-«itnated on the Moose Mounte^^^^^^^ 
 
 broken by lakes, sloughs and l^^H^ *« ^« ^^^ ^^^^ afep, with a sand 
 
 poses, f he soil is a sandy loam of a W 1 oo t P,^^^^^^ j^ 
 
 subsoil in the galleys and gmvel on the^^^^^ 
 
 poplar of an average diameter ot l^./,'^^!! '^erbmsh. The water 
 
 To a dense growth of^-el -^^^^^^^ is brokenby 
 
 in the lakes is good. The south part^ ^^g^ 
 
 White Bear's Indian reserve.-ii. C. Mcrn p 
 
 . II- ^r^rairip with an excellent 
 0.^hne.s.-North, west ^^^^^^Tj^^^^KoSher^ portion lies on 
 soil and occasional ponds of water ^he^^^^^^ered with bluffs of 
 the north slope of Moose fountain and is ^^^^^ ^^ 
 
 poplar, willow and dense scrub, ^t^"Pf^^^^ the surface, this part 
 marshes. Owing to the broken chan^cter o ^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^^^.^^ 
 of the township is best suited to grazing, 
 
 is well adapted for farming.-X^.^^^ ^^ 1,, and 
 
 SM&-rft^«to».-Prairie, /ottea wu sections are 
 
 willow, and broken by P^ndsand marshes i .^ y^^ .^^^^^^ .^ 
 
 0...«.._Thenorthishigh-romn.^^^^^^^ 
 
 soil There are occasional hay swamps j' ^ ^gg^^ 
 
 rail gravel ridges. Wdl ^f^t^'i^^TcZ^ 
 
 West, ea^t and south-this town p ^ ^^^^ 
 
 for agricultural P^K.Koil a rick black mould, varving from 6 
 occasional ponds, and the soil a nca oi ^^^^ j^ ^^ 
 
 ?o 2* inches in depth, on a ««^^^^XVdiKts -J G Sing, 1881. 
 well watered and convenient to t^^^^^^^ 
 
 Szi6v/it;isto».-Thenorthl^artisa s in small poplar 
 
 a few small marshes There is bu^Ueim^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ 
 groves and fit for nothing beyond ^^^^^^^i^ ^^e ponds and marshes 
 Sorth-east, containing S^^d water i ^^. ^^^ ^jt^ 
 
 is also generally fresh So 1, a r^cn y .^^^^^ first-class.-^, 
 limestone gravel, principally in ridge . 
 
 C. Caddy, 1881. prairie with numerous 
 
 . Ou.««...-NortJ. west and east-.rolling^P^^^^^^^ wi^^^ ^^ ^ 
 
 small ponds and marshes So^^^ ^^^J ^,,3^ small creeks, two of 
 subsoil. The north line is crossed oy ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^j^^^^ 
 
 which are on the ^ef I?^ H^, ^*, ^Xod On Section 12 the east- 
 one mile further west. There is no woo ^^^.^^ _^. p, Cotton, 
 em boundary crosses a cart trail to r 
 
 class.-/. J- McKenna, 1882. 
 
 13 
 
■f^ie^^^fpf! 
 
 
 i. 
 
 I 
 
 ^nskips West of Second IniHal MeHdi^^^B^,,, m. jt 
 
 gentlytoUin^^^^^^^ is nsnally 
 
 sometimes mixed with travel rabTnii % ^"^k' ^*^^ «*^dy loam, 
 
 marshes and small Po?S L crn«i J /' i^^** "^any creeks 
 
 boundaries, amonff wEL iL pf ? ^^ ^*^® ^o'*^ and east 
 
 flowing eastward^tKl a vallfv^I* T 1.^?^^ «^ Section 24, 
 
 northern slope of which is thilklll. ^^ ^^^1* ^^^« wide, the 
 
 18 is bushy ind is^rossed by a stLTfln'^-'^'*^ ^^P^^^' ^ec'tion 
 
 past the third mile ffoinTnorth XT . v '°^ south-east. A little 
 
 flowing north. Seyer^small^indr'* ^'""^ P^^««« ^^°"g a creek 
 
 Cotton, 1881 ^^^^ <^*^<^^'* on Section 6.--4 ^ 
 
 dant supply o^f wood foSl^LlLllf^'^^L^rL/''"^ 
 
 peatly cut up by thrHpestone Riv«r ' '^^ ^^?' ®««*^«^ 1 i« 
 . half, and hills averaging^ lOO feet IlSh fr ^*^' ^^ *^« ^^^^ 
 mgs in the north and sfuth Quarters -ti.. T^T -"^ P'^^"« ^P^n- 
 The Pipestone River in ?hisTc«on'i«i A ^f^^l '"-F^^' *^^««« 1- 
 and has a current of 6 m les an hou? tII ^''* "^'^%^ ^ ^^^* d««P. 
 along the east line and^n places «m«ll'\*'^ P^P^^"" ^^^^^ all 
 1881. ' P^*^^®' ^"^all marshes.— il. C. TAoTnsow, 
 
 of the town.h%.-£„3 •^2)1^8,'''° '''""'•^^»' Po'tion 
 the^e.t,e„e west ie ^^Jvy'ttr.Z'':^Z\'L'^,,:'Zrll 
 
 trail to Qu'Appelle cros s the"s„??S ha J^ofTl^'^l.'- «^'' 
 farming and crazine land Th. I . • of Section 30. Good 
 good clay loam 80i c^lairi There i?» " ">"'»&, P^We, with a 
 and irom Section 18 southward. ThL/ *™''5' "'''''' '^ ^''"''ion 86; 
 
 -d underbrush, withTol"sm' II mlX -T^T* P""'" .'^T 
 
 ^«*-rfa'isjo»,_Nine-tenth8 of tw!^!! v • ^f^ompson, 188 1. 
 
 adapted for larming bdno- -nod In *°,Y"'^'P ""^^ ^« considered 
 
 The remainder is pa^l7fa.Xnrs™p "f Z V".^ *^^^^-^- 
 IS. Ott//me«— Tlia ,.^>.+u u J swamp.— 6. i. Brabazon, 1882. 
 
 w?^rme^dtV r^^e^S^^^^^^^^ ?/^^^ -^ ^-^en country, 
 
 uplands there are numbers of wiul ff' '^"'' '*'"^°^« ^n the 
 north of the Qu'AppelJe Crr 11?/"^^^^^ Generally 
 
 undulating, whhcllmVcV^iU ''''''1'^ '^ *'^^««*^« 2 and 8, and 
 poplar. S?urh of S^Po„4rnir ^^ «?^««^^d bluffs of small 
 
 ' f>-\ 
 
'.'* 
 
 i^ 
 
 
 S2 ToitMsMps West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range III. 
 
 banks and ravines are roagh, gravelly and wooded, their height 
 being about 800 feet. The north half is rolling, class 2, inter- 
 spersed with clnmps of poplar, ponds and some patches of excel- 
 lent prairie. — T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — The land about Round Lake is beautifully 
 situated and combines every attraction for settlement. The rest 
 of the township is covered with scrub. The south part of the 
 township is included in an Indian reserve. — W. and D. Beatty, 
 1881. 
 
 19A. Outlines.— The north is open and scrubby prairie, with a few 
 small groves of poplar toward the west. On Section 83 is a 
 sluggish stream, called Oak Creek, The soil is rich and the land 
 rates class 1. — W. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 The west is hilly prairie, with poplar and willow bluffs and 
 numerous swamps ; class 2. The east is rolling soil, class 1 ; 
 scattered clumps of willow. — T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Alternate prairie and scrub, with a few hay 
 marshes. Well adapted for grazing. — W. and D. ReaMij, 1881. 
 
 lO. Outlines. — The north, west and east consist of prairie, with clay 
 and black loam soil, class 1 . In several of the eastern sections 
 there are scattered islands of dense willow and small poplar. — C. 
 F. Miles, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with numerous bluffs of poplar 
 and willow, and a large number of swamps. No timber fit for 
 building. Soil — in most of the dry land a good, black loam, but 
 some of it is of poor quality and stony ; classified second-rate 
 throughout.— iJ". C. Mc Phillips, 1881. 
 
 20. Outlines — Little Cut Arm Creek crosses the north boundary five 
 or six times. The soil is a rich clay loam ; there are some bluffs 
 of poplar. In the east there is also a rich clay loam soil. There 
 are a few ponds and marshes and some willows, but no timber. 
 In the west the land rates classes 1 and 2. — C. F. Miles, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Generally level, and very wet, at least oue-third 
 of the surface being marsh, rendering the township only fit for 
 grazing purposes. The timber consists of groves of poplar of 
 small size, affording a limited amount of fuel. The soil on the 
 higher parts is inferior, being gravelly. On the level parts are 
 many boulders, which would greatly interfire with successful 
 cultivation.— r. W. Walsh, 1881. 
 
 21. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie, with a clay loam soil, class 
 1 on Sections 38 and 84, and either light or marshy land on the 
 balance, rating classes 2 or 8. The south half of the township is 
 low, undulating prairie, and the north half has scattered islands 
 of poplar and willow. The whole eastern side is very wet and 
 marshy, except Sections 1 and 12, which are class 1. The western 
 side has a clay loam soil, class 1. Section 31 is wet and marshy, 
 and class 2.— C. F. Miles, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Building stone along the banks of the Little 
 Cut Arm Creek. Kolling prairie ; soil is black loam. Poplar 
 bush in the north-west of the township. The Prince Albert trail 
 crosses westward. — U. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 '■T 
 
 3J 
 
-* 
 
 aa 
 
 \tlinex Tk^ ....XI . ... a""!. 
 
 88 
 
 <>• /^. ilfe/e.«, 1880. '^^ marshes and small wood — 
 
 Th«ft*S7^'>-^'' «r^»^^«S a ri^^ Cay W 
 
 north the sornri'^rhTarcla "^ ""'"<? P™i™ Along tie 
 tWo'aro many „a"hee fc'' '^m"^"' "' P°P'ar and «„?!„!? 
 
 loam Th''"'"i"'"VS »--'<^«ons rafeX^ltte IoMk"-^ "*™ "='"=^2 
 
 iiub-divtstnn.- The o-reaf pi- t^ 0^+- ^5— ^^ Drummond 1880 
 poplar, the latter varyb% Jrom 1 TnVh r^'J''^^^*^ willows and 
 
 '-■*. Outlines. — The nnrfh ,■« n- 
 
 }?-f''^^f^lX^^tnS^Sd'^\'^^ «"> »°" i« a rich 
 hcatfered poplar and Muffs ,°,f I T^ '°^ '= gravelly, and class S 
 crossed i„ Section Ss' atotv^rJ^maX?'- ^ ■'"?' '"»-^ w^ 
 
 .,, ^^e west is nearlxr all ^ } 9^ *^<^ ^lorth of Sectinn 
 
 w, low youn. Popla."rndUV'^|if ,,15t\ 'X'f ^-wtft 
 A cart trail crosses the westpm 7,^ I ^^ ^ "^^ ^oam, class 1 
 IS sitnated on the ^L T.!!!?_i'^'„«f sections. Lec^h ^It 
 7. A grassy creek with "^f.^Tt^^y oi Ceotions ao, 19 isT^;'^ 
 — --4 ,o:LS''J^--en,^ah^^^^^^ 
 
! 
 
 25. 
 
 84 Towmhip» Wett of Second Initial Meridian— Range III 
 
 Eouth-west. In the east the soil is a rich clay loam, gravelly in 
 a few places. In the sonth two-thirds it is class l.and in the north 
 third it is gravelly and light, and classeu 2 and 8. There are a 
 good many scattered marshes— no wood.— T. Drummond, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division— Uollmg prairie. There are two large muskegs, 
 one in the ceutre of the township, the other towards the south. 
 Throui<h the former a swift creek runs northerly into the white 
 Sand River. This creek would furnish good vvater power. The 
 soil is a rich, sandy loam, and there is enough timber for fuel and 
 fencing. — /. J. Burrows, 1882. 
 
 OwWrnes.— All the boundaries are rolling prairie. On the north 
 the soil is gravelly on Sections 81, 83 and 36, class 2 ; and on 82, 
 84 and 86 it is a rich clay loam, class 1. Poplar blufls on Section 
 4 Hills were crossed in Sections 81, 84 and 26. Muskegs in the 
 valleys of hills on Section 82. On the west there are poplar 
 bluifs and the soil is rich clay and gravelly loams, classes 1 and 
 8. Section 19 is an alkaline flat. Several small marshes were 
 crossed The east has scattered poplar bluffs, and scrub, and a 
 gravelly soil, classes 2 and 8, Section 86 is somewhat alkaline, 
 and on Sections 1 and U there is a small lake and long marsh— 
 
 T. Drutnmond, ISSO. j u * -u ^ p wu* 
 
 Sub-division.— Good soil ; traversed by a tributary of White 
 Sand River and several creeks. Timber good for fuel and fencing 
 purposes.— i). C. O'Keejfe, 1880. 
 
 Outlines.— '^hQ north is open, undulating prairie. The soil is a 
 good loam, class 1. A creek crosses Section 31, flowing north ; it 
 is 20 links wide and \\ feet deep ; its banks are low ; no valley.— 
 A. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 On the west the soil is a rich loam, in some places a good clay 
 subsoil, class 1. Several small marshes were crossed, and also a 
 range of hills. On the east the soil is gravelly, class 2. Thick 
 scrub on Section 12, a large marsh on Section 18, and another on 
 Section 24.— T. Drummond, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. —Rolling prairie, drained by numerous small 
 running creeks, containing good water. The soil is a black clay 
 and sandy loam.— D. C. UKeefe, 1880. 
 
 Outlines— On the north the soil is a black sandy loam. Clumps 
 of poplar and willows ; many small marshes are scattered about, 
 and there is a creek of excellent water on Section 86. The agri- 
 cultural rating for the eastern two-thirds is class 1 , and for the 
 western third, class 2- On the west— the soil sandy loam and 
 black loam alternating ; scattered clumps of poplar and a fair 
 supply of marshes, rating class 2. On the east the soils are 
 black sandy and clay loam, all very good, and class 1. Many 
 clumps of willows, but very little poplar. An excellent creek 
 crosses Section 25. Size, 18 feet wide and 2 feet deep.— &'. C. 
 Eainboth, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— Level prairie, slightly undulating. There are 
 
 26. 
 
 27, 
 
 a uuiuDcr 
 
 f luarsiics covereu. witii 
 
 f.trt.f\Da 
 
 ^r%A 4 
 
 ■ rr • • • 't *:^' • 
 
 ilro r\T%£k ii\ 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 the north and the other to the south of the township. The soil is 
 
i 
 
 ark. r w-Vi ^u., 1 - . . ** *• 
 
 85 
 
 a». 
 
 a». 
 
 Wftof ,,IXr a',!S tT"\C »"?"'"''■"? P^irie, with „ few 
 
 SlVT '■■ ■"""" Section 35 then l^>^' "«■ ^'I^-ie ifad 
 «, the lino ,8 crossed by a creek (1 1- '""*-'" > »"<1 2. Section 
 long sheet of water at., L n t ■ """''"8 north. Crooked r 1 
 
 fpi ■**/ •"■"^xl . Xrf. -tttiSSBll 
 
 ^b d--' ^"^"^''^^'> I'-yO. ™*'' marshes on 24 
 
 -eredhr:n:.i;f:f-^i-^,y^^^^^^^^ 
 m/teS5i'^^^- ^ te'^witrtjnfo"'' =-T"^'- 
 
 many marshes were crossed I' -1 ?! PPP'" ""d willow i ZTl 
 classes 1 and 2. Ihrwhi\,.1a;rn^^^™<')'''»dgrav:ily tf^ 
 flows north-east, crossing the north h"? "<>«'■« Section 3oTnd 
 Its arerage depth i, 7 feet cn?rent i"""^?^'y "bout the oont?o 
 
 "Ubsoil. S„,S'„ K Vpopwl'd'*'' " ""'"■^ °f l°»» over „ sandv 
 
 -^branch, ,l„w east in pro.in.ity Z^^. ZlXfVT ^'"'''' 
 The * ■ ^- ^- -Russell, 
 
 l~w?t,;arct-/^tpCi",t^^^^^^^ 
 
 sub-divided theportToXthe^lowtshi"?'*- "■"' '"'••■''laries and 
 boine Klver, which enters near tKf..*'"'" ''°''*'> »'' 'he Asstai- 
 
 ^ratThrt^^-^)"!/^^ 
 
 -i^ -i- «rope„-l„d Shy" -Iri^'ti tracts 
 
 80. 
 
T 
 
 86 Townships West of Second LUtial Meridian.—Rangt III. 
 
 intervals of woodland, the surface boing generally level or gently 
 rolling. Alo!ig the river banks Ihure ia considerable spruce 
 timber, averaging from 7 to 20 inches in diameter, generally 
 sound, and rem hing a height of 40 to tiO feet. Clumps and ridge* 
 of poplar vvoro also found, but the trees were usually rotten at the 
 heart. Building timber and fencing material, in sufriciont quanti- 
 ties for the use of settlers, is very evenly distributed ; together 
 with plenty of wood for fuel, consisting of new growth poplar 
 and aspen. The prairie land is very productive, being covered 
 with a good growth of grass of many varieties. The alluvial soil 
 varies in depth from 4 to 18 inches ; subsoil, clay. A trail be- 
 tween Fort I'elly and Touchwood Hills passt-s through this part 
 of the township. Water is plentiful. Witouche Lake occupiea 
 nearly half of Section 86, and Bulldog Marsh the north-east 
 quarter of 25 : the former is surrounded by a belt of poplar 
 timber, and the latter is fringed with poplar and scrub. In the 
 north-east corners of Sections ?.i and 24, respectively, are two fine 
 springs of excellent water Section 13, and part of 12, is traversed 
 by a creek, which emj^ties into the Assiniboine. Between Sections 
 12 and I is a large marsh. There are a few other marshes and 
 sloughs, but all are dry in .summer. The country abounds in 
 small game.— P H. Dumais, 188a. 
 
 88. 
 
 I 
 
 Sub-division. — Admirably adapted for settlement or stock-raising. 
 The surface is generally level or slightly rolling prairie, tho 
 greater part being covered with willows and new growth poplar. 
 Spruce, poplar and tamarac woods are scattered over the different 
 sections, in such a wav as to be advantageous to settlers, in 
 sufficient quantities for building, fencing and fuel, and in places 
 not accessible by prairie fires. The soil in the south-west part, 
 embracing, particularly, Sections 6, 6, 7, 8, 17, 18. 19, 30 and 31, is 
 composed of sand mixed with a very rich black loam, on a subsoil 
 consisting generally of sand, gravel and fossil. Elsewhere, there 
 IS an alluvial soil of black loam, 10 to 18 inches deep, with a rich 
 clay subsoil. Water is abundant and good. The Assinaboine 
 River, flowing south-east, passes diagonally through Section 6, 
 dividing it in two nearly equal parts. A winding stream, 20 to 
 25 feet wide, and 1 to 3 feet deep, in drv weather, called Stony 
 Creek, enters the township near the north-west corner of Section 
 85, flows south-easterly to the north-east corner of Section 24, 
 thence along the east boundary for about a mile ; and, after 
 traversing the adjoining portions of 18 and 12, passes out on the 
 northern part of the latter. There are about a dozen lakes in the 
 township, besides a number of large ponds. The principal are the 
 Mayflower, Outardee and G-ull, in the south-east ; Lake Crystal 
 in Seciions 19 and 80, and a portion of Pike Lake extending east- 
 ward into 31. The latter is remarkable for the abundance in its 
 waters of the fish from which it is named ; they are taken with 
 nets by the Indians in spring. There is also good pike, dor6 and 
 carp m Stony Creek and in the Assinaboine The water of the 
 lakes is generally good and clear, especially in Crystal Lake. The 
 latter has an nnflpf \aaf\inrr in an'^^■>»"y InV-^ *« iU., -•»• - a»-a 
 
 — -—~~""j^ Irv wiiwi*vi xu£LC tO LUC west. , Uie 
 
vetch.,, luc,C«,r^ ™"« -J^vo/hiy, mixrf Vifh" 3' ««»» 
 
 winter of 1M82 SI k-' ^^'^ 'n*«"8o cold /50« Li *" "^^'^^^^ « 
 the thermomot'er ^^'^^r^T^7 Perceived excenT. 'V^ °^ *^« 
 
 Pa«.cs diagonally throShj.(„l„°i ■■■'''<' ''"^«S to Port ^,1^ 
 
 '•yuear the Afisinaboine River ~P 5/ il^ ^ *^® southern 
 
 -^ ^' ^w<iu, 1888. 
 
 3J## 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range IV. 
 
 1. Outlines.-— The north is principally rolling-, stony prairie, and rates 
 class 3 throughout. The third mile, going west, spans the valley 
 through which the Souris River pursues a winding south-eastern, 
 course, the stream is 170 feet wide, and bordered with email maple 
 and elm. Eor the first ] J miles, along the east boundary, going 
 north, the land rates class 2, and the balance of the second mile 
 class 1, the soil being gravelly loam. From thence it is all class 
 8, and is generally very stony. In Section 36 the line crosses the 
 Souris River. Generally the southern part of the township con- 
 teins fair land. The northern part is very much broken by ravines, 
 and, lor about two miles south of Souris River, is covered with 
 limestone and granite boulders. The river is a line rapid stream 
 of about 160 feet broad, and Hows in a valley three-quarters of a 
 mile broad, with banks 150 feet high.~T S. Gore, 1881. 
 
 The west and south consist of rolling and undulating prairie., 
 class 2. No wood or water — W. Pearre, liSO. 
 
 Sub-division.— The north half of this'township is much broken 
 by large ravines running easterly into the Souris River, and is 
 thickly strewn with boulders and stones. The south half is fair 
 agricultural land— Sinclair and Francis, 18S1. 
 
 2. Outlines.— The north is rolling prairie, class 2. No wood or 
 water. The west is rolling and stony pniirie, class 2, with a few 
 gravel ridges and hay swamps. The Sou: is River crosses the line 
 on Section 6. There is no wood. — W. Pearre, 1880. 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, class 2, excepting the first IJ miles., 
 going north, where it is stony and rates class 3. .Numerous small 
 marshes occur toward the north. There is no wood,— T S Gore 
 18»1. 
 
 Sub-diHsion.— This township is not suitable for farming pur- 
 poses, except a few sections in the rorthern part. It is chiefly 
 rolling prairie, with light, sandy loam in the higher places and 
 clay and gravel m the lower. The Souris River crosses the 
 south-west corner. Its banks are very high. There is a fairly 
 good supply of timber along the river. Water is abundant 
 throughout this township.— il. L. Poudrier, 1881. 
 
 8. Outlines.— The township is principally open-rolling prairie. The 
 norfh ,has a sandy loam soil, class 2, and numerous marshes. The 
 western portions of Sections 82 and 34 rate classes 1 and 3, res- 
 pectively, and 3(5 has a clay loam soil. The east has a black 
 loam soil. Sections 1, 24 and the north half of 1 ; rate class I and 
 the balance of the land class 2. Numerous small mar.-hes occur 
 on the two northern sections. The south is vdlhout wood or 
 water. Soil, clay loam, class 2.— T. S. Gore. 1881. 
 
' % ^«^;^n pouds and marshes Vo w'^ r \^.^'^' ^^^ * num- 
 third-class.-/. ^. ea,S 1881 ■ ''='" ^"<' ^"'"'y. ""iforSy 
 
 ■*• Outlines -~Th9 nnr+li o«^ 
 
 vrencrally rollincr • • 
 
 many stony and "TavelJvTn"!!' ^^^^ndclass land ; a tron^ 
 gravelly elly loamX^ ^elas^"" ^J'^^ ^^ east' thLTsI 
 chiefly in the south-east There""is no T''^^' ^'^ numerous 
 
 S»b.a.vmon.~-Trairip- .] ■^V'"'^^^--^- ^- Gore 1881 
 
 P- Burnet, 1881. '"'''' ' ^^^^^ ^«^i' broken by gravel?; knollL 
 
 ■*»• Outlines. — Grt^npvciliT, ^^iv 
 
 water in mars^e^lVS ^^J^f' "?^-^ ' ^^^ -^PP^^of surface 
 places gravelly, and |enmlly t'^frl}' t f "j:^ ^°^^ = ^^ «ome 
 cereals. There are several rl^ -adapted For the erowth of 
 
 south-easterly directiormthXwn;^^^^^^ the town'shTt a 
 lias a good loamy soi ?1.«. i ^'^^ boulders. Thenorth 
 rated ckss 2, a JaTJe pl'ion 'f jt ^ '^''^^'''S Section 34, wSls 
 
 east has many merdorrd^'^l ^f aT.d S"^'°" ^^^ ^h" 
 
 ■^•— 5^ ^'"^'•e^^. 1881. "^<^ffenes, and also a good soil ; class 
 
 ti'o::pj:^^'%^^^o,^ 2 «„„, a wow„ish. 
 
 thelme.-.;, iJf^i:^^,;,^.^^ 1881 ^ °''''''^«« occur all aW 
 
 oub-division — rTndnl..^i«~ • • _ 
 ^toayinplaees; nottaS-f Z^:„ /g^; »» '= '-ferior and 
 
 or the growth Of cereals The^e «rl ^^« ?^^ ^^ well adapted 
 the township in a «outh-easterly d '.ct?nn''''?'V ''^"^^« crossing- 
 boulders -7\ Fawcett, 1881 ^ ^" action, which are strewn with 
 
 ^ii. a b::^lisn;f^i^crcr^^t^ f t ^^ ^^« «-^^- 
 
 except on the southern portions of sw- ^^^^^^"^<l ^'^tes class 1, 
 northern parts of 30 and^3lXre it Sh"' .'^^^ ^^' ^"d the 
 ber ot marshes, most of whTch o. o"r . i ^^^'^' ""'^ ^ ^'^"i- 
 
 wood.-.^. McLntchie, 1881 ' *°''^^'^' ^^*^ "orth. No 
 
 ^^^^SY''^^iSt^^ %'^ '^ meadow land, 
 
 scrub. Water good. Soil dw^nJ I, ^'''^*' ^^^^'^r poplar 
 gravel, and a f^^v K..„i.i, i''.' '-'*y ^"4 s^ndy loam : som* ^ ^ 
 
 1881. 
 
 a fA.vK.-i„M «■ "'^ ""^ *'*"<^iv loam : roi"'^ l'«v,o..i__- 
 
 tew bouulors ; hrst and second dass.-i c n" j!"Jr 
 
 C. O'iTee/i?, 
 
%' 
 
 40 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.—Range IV. 
 
 •7. OutHnes.-mrih and east the surface is rolling prairie, class 1. 
 The north line is crossed by creeks of good wate? flowing south, 
 oil Sections 31 and 34. In eacOi instance the stream is about 8 feet 
 wide, 1 loot deep current 1 mile per hour. About midway on 86 
 1^ an old cart traiL The north half of Section 24 is crossed by 
 Moose Mountain Creek, which is about 26 feet wide 3 feet deep 
 current IJ miles per hour, course east Several large ponds along 
 tile three south eastern sections.— C E. Wolff, 1881 
 
 The west is gently undulating prairie, with a dark alluvial 
 sou on a clay subsoil, class 2. Moose Mountain Creek is crossed 
 
 ?Q w"" 7^^ "!\®f H^'i ^^' J^ ^' ^ ^^Pi^ «t^«^»^ of good water, 
 83 leet wide and 1 foot deep, flowing east. Large marshes occur 
 
 on Sections 30 and 18. There is very little wood, but the prox- 
 
 Stler -O X*i^°?"^^'''' ^^'""^ '^ ^^'^^ wooded, will benefit the 
 
 Sub-division,— mTshj in some places, and traversed by Moose 
 
 ^rod^^mi """^ '' ^ ^''°'^' ^^^'^' '^"^y loam.~S. 
 
 ». 0«^Zmes.— The north lies in the foot slopes of Moose Mountain, in 
 the deeper ravines of which there is some poplar and birch. The 
 country being rough and gravelly, is better suited for sheep 
 raismg than farming. There are quite a number of pretty lakes 
 among the hills Small running creeks of good water occur on 
 Sections 3b 84 and ;S1. The west is undulating, with a fair allu- 
 vial soil res mg on a clay subsoil. There are a number of small 
 streams, with good water, running from Moose Mountain to Moose 
 Mountain Creek. There is plenty of firewood in the ravines of 
 the mountain the proximity of which, on this account will be 
 valuable to settlers — O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating and level prairie, and the land rates 
 class 1 except on Section 36, where it is class 2. The line is 
 crossed on this section by a cart trail to Wood' Mountain; and oa 
 
 J^y# %f}J^ i'"* ^'^^''' ^^ f^^«^ d^^eP' «"^^ent 1 mile per hour. 
 — (/. ii. woljff, 1^81. 
 
 I, If '^^^f;^/"-^^^"^— Level prairie, with the exception of the north 
 fialf o the northern tier of sections, which takes in part of Moose 
 Mountain. The soil generally is a sandy loam. Two creeks run 
 south from the mountain.-/. Steivart, 1881. 
 
 ** m!!!''" m"'^^''- ^:f *e"\ boundary crosses the western part of 
 ,^bnr.f °"^" ^n *^'°?I^ " ^""^'y rrowthof wood, much of" which 
 «tiifoKi / ^\'" J^',' ^'°°^ '^ «^^" ^"d inferior and only 
 suitable lor fuel. Marshes, ponds and lakes are very numerous. 
 
 iarf nf fr I v'^^^r '"^ "^"^^ ^"^ ^"^'^^ ^^^- The southern 
 Nni?. ' Jownship lies on the southern slope of the mountain. 
 al]^hl ra.yues, conlaining some poplar and birch. The 
 
 "of ^Ttlr'^b"/ Sc','iTl '"■ ^'"^^ ^"""- ^'"^ ^^^"^ 
 this '^ilf T*^/'? ^^""^ T^^% ^'^^ heavily rolling. North of 
 
 heavilv tir^Lv'f "-.1.^°""^^'^' ^^' ^""'^'^'^ '^^'^omes"^ broken and 
 iieauiy timbered with various woods and a dense undergrowth or 
 
3» 
 
 ^ To^nMr, W„t of Secon,, I.,ma, MerUian -n.„,e IV. 4t 
 
 St,b;/nKion —This town«nr.'. 1 7" '•.■"'"■'• 1881. 
 poplar. Th,> .outhoriy I" :?Tei„„"t '"'"''>'"">''"«• ''iti' 
 timber and thick uudofbrush whtb^ff.,^™ nnmorous bluffs of 
 <»t.ntry i., rory hilly, an Twiil w K *■■; PJ^^P^l f™turo. The 
 pose than that of «-raVw ar,i ?"' ^ .""''"W" for any other pur! 
 ber h.« been removed ^h"^ f ' """ P^'P""" "nly "«« the tZ- 
 which is fairly pi"e No evil """"^'^ lab's, the water™, 
 ««■««>, ms!^ '^ '^° evidence of minerals whatever™/' fl. 
 
 btMil^d^e^'^P,^^^^ ash, maple! 
 
 cieX bT^m^ftci^?"? "-^»f th?io^:iiSini 
 
 able for s^ttllrnt 'xh:' Cod' tft^Zf"r "r'^""= '' »»™i " 
 treeless country to the southTnd west - •/ fl^ "^,,7 ""= ^^^' 
 
 contain good fish.~0. / K?oT- mi ""^ *^' ^^'^^' ^'^^ea 
 
 consisting chiefly of hazel, roTCLTltril ^'^""^ ""derbrush, 
 especially the poplar, i« of good size Z ^^'^f" P" ^^^^^er 
 south part, which can be utilfzpd fnfk' -^ '® Particularly in the 
 by ridges and water. wKch latter n. ' -"^'"^ " ^^« ^^^^^ broken 
 
 c^ the area, to be av^rbl^Vr euftivaS'' S^^l'^^" ^"^^'^^^^^ 
 with stony subsoil ; third class?^^' f 3*,,,^ i^A.^l^^^ and sandy, 
 
 of Moose M^Sa-rw^irL^^^^^^^^^ -rth slope 
 
 low and dense scrub. There are manv nnn^ !t ^^ P^'^'^^' ^'i^' 
 Ihe soil 18 of good quality, but owinZ/'Tu 'J'^'f^^^^ ^"^^ ^^arshes. 
 the surface, the land is more siiiLT w' '^^b'••»^<«» character of 
 J. G. SinfT, 1881. '"'*^^^' ^^^ ff^^sing than farming.— 
 
 . JakelS^^^,^X^--^i^aistrict--freq^ ponds and 
 
 sandy loam with a hea^y^gro^Th X^^^^^^^^ r''^ ' ''-' ^ "'^^ 
 
 thick small poplar deni ^^rub wLdtik '"f ""'^'^ Peas among 
 trees.-A. C. Webb, 1881 ^"i^ialls and occasional large 
 
 ^e.ctit;rt7t::-?;tchl7,fcr.?'T'':^^- "^"^ <>^ >»<i 
 
 . «..s,ng. The timber is of m:Zi°ZJ^:l,ti:tsT ''""^- 
 aa. 0«//t«ei-,_Norfh and west hio-h . 11- 
 
 loam soil. Well suTtJ fbr fr Jh ^Vh'^"-.' with a rich sandy 
 nor h on Section 3^ and a^^X7flA "^ '' ^ "'^^^ flowing 
 Section 30 is a creek fio wL T.? o^^^^J^ f °«th on 82. oS 
 — ,,"■ . ^^^ ihe adioininir norti- ..c ^r -— i- -•. pupim- and 
 (generally the west is hi^h ro^i^""';' j/^ ^^j-"""' 1" and 18. 
 
 8 I'ranie, with frequent small 
 
 U 
 
-i^ 
 
 "'^ II 
 
 I 
 
 hi: 
 
 42 Townshipa West uf Second Initial Meridian.— Range IV. 
 
 swamps; saudjr loam soil, with gravel ridges occasionally ; some 
 blutts ol poplar about the centre of the line. South of this the 
 land becomes low and wet with much willow, but excellent for 
 grazing, after which, in Section 1, the land rises approachinc to 
 Moose Mountain. Classes 1 and 2.'-A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 t,-ii ^^'^j^ '^^^ east— along the south boundary the surface is very 
 hilly, and there are numerous ponds of water and bluffs of poplar 
 Un the east side it is somewhat broken by ponds and hay marshes 
 ihe soil IS good.—/. G. Sing, 1)581. 
 
 Sub-aivisiim —Chiefly rolling prairie, with groves of poplar 
 some of which is suitable for building. The land is very much 
 broken by small ponds and marshes, especially towards the south. 
 containing good water. Soil— rich clay loam, mixed with lime- 
 stone gravel, principally in ridges, and some scattered boulders 
 useful for building; uniformly first-class.—^. C Oaddy, 1881. 
 18. Ow//mes.— North and east— the surface is gently rolling prairie 
 with numerous ponds and marshes. Soil, sandy loam and gravel 
 on a clay subsoil. There is no wood— .1. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, with frequent swamps and 
 ponds Classes 1 and 2. Fair for farming. Sandy loam with 
 gravel on the south two-thirds, and clay and sandy loam soil in 
 the northerly third.— ^1. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— RoWva^ prairie, with numerous small ponds 
 and grassy marshes. The water in the lakes (one of which, oa 
 bections 5 6 7 and 8 contains about 400 acres), ponds and marshes, 
 IS tresh. jioil— a sandy loam, about 18 inches deep, with a clay 
 subsoil ; farst class thioughout.— /. .7. McKenna, 1882. 
 14. Oudines.— The north is rolling prairie ; numerous ponds and 
 marshes, with some young poplar in the north-east. The land 
 consists of a clay loam soil, class l.—A. C. Thomson, 188t. 
 
 The west is rolling land, with clay and sand loam soil ; 
 irequent swamps and ponds, with good water ; rating classes 1 
 and 2 ; lair farming land. Frequent bluffs of poplar and dense 
 willow scrub in the northerly third.— ^1. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Along the south boundary the surfaoe is gently rolling 
 prairie, with numerous small ponds and marshes, and a sandy '* 
 loam soil, sometimes mixed with gravel. The east line crosses a 
 creek, at a little past the third mile going north, and from thence 
 passes along the left bank of the ravine through which it flows.— 
 A. F. Colon, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— T\iQ land is second rate and swampy, but 
 well adapted for farming.— il. Hamtl, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— The north is rolling prairie, with numerous pondt= and 
 marshes and a good clay loam soil, class 1. East— open, rollinir 
 prairie, with a good clay loam soil, class 1. A few gravel ridff^ 
 and some small poplar in the north. A few marshes and the 
 ripestone Hiver in the south. This stream is (.July) 10 feet wide. 
 2 feet deep ; 5-mile current.— il. C. Thoi.ison, 1881. 
 
 West— Sections 6 and 7 are rolling land, with a, good many 
 ci.ssg, ..i-,.iij^o .ji jjujjiar ciuu vviiiovv, ciass 2. A creek, Si to 8 
 
 IS 
 
16. 
 
 IS 
 
 19A 
 
 I». 
 
 The soil throughout is wcellent Th ""■? *'"' '"^ marshy 
 
 generally a Perf;;t^i':t7^^^^^ «^ P^'^-^ and marshes- 
 
 margin of which is a growth of nn f ' ^''l '^'^^"P^' around the 
 good when dry ^^Zl ^V/.^P^'^^ and willow. The soil i! 
 
 swarnps and poj;d holItThf n?rrr^ "^'^ -an^smaS 
 the laud becomes fairly dry unHl tK ' ^^^'.^^"^^ southwaidT 
 jac-hod where it beomes^wef a^Tn iV'''''} ^^'^'^^ townships 
 Scarce, 1»81. ^""^ *^^^"- -Ifle soil rates class 1. -Wm. 
 
 ■n-h" with 'd;r„dtii:r " sr • ""f,""™™- pon* »„<.' 
 
 good deal oTratrr^id"^: d'.'''""'^L' '■" «'^'"««'»t Thore is a 
 pare favorably with oThlrTot'sW' ^'^"^ r'% -" ^oes ..oTe'4.! . 
 
 riHirh^ff--^^^^^^^^^ e":; onh'; ::::^;::z^. 
 
 are many scattered bluffs of „nila ''*'*'^'^°,»al deep ravines. There 
 -utheru part of the ^^"^C'l^-.Ti^TLt^J'}!^'-^^^ 
 
 boundarytt Jhf tertli ''''%"°'"' ''^'f »' '"o Z 
 land and soil „o„d wher?if 1 le™ ' '''lA^'' p^S'' '" Plxoes. bat 
 
 patches of willow and Z>kJ I 'u^ ?■'"'"''• dotted over wjtit 
 wood occur toward ?he w°s'^ Smin ' \'™' '■'"■»?» "f P»Tl^ 
 ™th a.t nitervals. The la^nl' r.1^1ZTlV^ l""^ "«. »^ 
 
 land^ke^Set oU^„''^d'rolii""'' "'"y '"' ^""'d ^"""nd cla» 
 
 which is dotted with second!™ wl' TT ""^ =»««'-oast con^ 
 
 -^^c cusi nail IS princinallv oi.^'V ^^fi^i Wihows. The 
 
 half is sandy loam aadVaS-^. i^'^S^f s^',''""-'?^ '''« werf 
 
44 Thwnships West of Second Initiol Mervh'nn.— Range IV. 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, dotted with small grass marshes 
 and has a clay lonm soil, usnallv class 1. In the soni hern half 
 there are blufls of poplar and willow —IT. T. T/wnimn, 1880. 
 
 Svh-division.— Rolling prairie, much broken bj'' swamps and 
 scattered bluffs of poplar and willow. A small quantity of pop- 
 lar and willow in the southern part lit for rail timber.— ii C. Mc- 
 I*hiUtps. 
 
 20. Outlines— \a open rolling prairie, with many ponds The soil is 
 first and second class, chiefly the latter.— C. F. Mi/es, 1S81. 
 
 The wept is high rolling prairie, which was dotte > "^ i"-,- 
 August) with small grass marshes and meadows. It ha, d 
 
 loamy soil over a clay subsoil. The rating is nearly alKi d 1 
 The alluvial soil in 3G is a sandy loam.- W. T. Thumson, 1880, 
 
 Sub-division.— Yery flat and wet, having a large proportion 
 of marsh lands, difficult of drainage. JSeveral small ji roves of 
 poplar fit for fuel. Soil, in the higher portions, of inferior quality 
 being gravelly, while in the flat lands are many boulders of vari- 
 ous sizes, rendering the land suitable for grazing only ; third class 
 throughout— T. TF. Pr«/,sA, 1881. 
 
 21. Ottilives.—HoUmg prairie with many ponds and rather wet. The 
 
 ^ J-^ P"""P^^^y second class, and is covered with numerous 
 
 blulis of pop ar and willow in the middle and north-west section. 
 
 J he east is clay loam soil, class 1. Section 36 is wet and marshy 
 
 and class 2 —C. F. Miles- 1880. 
 
 The west is fine undulating prairie, with a clay loam soil, 
 cJass 1, except 31, where Ihere are stony flats and low gravelly 
 shallow^— soiled ridges. In the southern 1 wo-thirds there is a fair 
 distribution of grass meadows, and a branch of Littl(> Cut Arm 
 Creek crosses m Sections 7 and 18. This stream has good water 
 and a rapid current.— PT. T. T/iomson, 1880. 
 
 • I, ^'*'*'f '^^'>«''^'' — Kolliug prairie, easily drained. The soil is a 
 Tich black mould, with clay subsoil 1 imber in the south half. 
 J-ittle Cut Arm Creek crosses the township.—//. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 Sa. Outlines.— "Ihe north is rolling prairie : clumps of poplar and 
 sciub ; gome meadows and ponds ; gravelly loam soil, class 2, but 
 m the centre becoming classes £ to 3, and again becoming better 
 westwards, the grade rising here to classes I and 2. The poplar 
 IB all large enough for fencing, and occasionally for building. 
 Ihere are many flats that wouM be dry under ordinary condi- 
 tions but ow'ing to the excessive rainfall of this season, are under 
 ■water. Ihe line is crossed by two creeks flowing north, on Sec- 
 tions 31 and o2 respectively.— TT. Ogi/vie, 18feO. 
 
 The w^est is all rolling prairie, with a fine loamy soil, all class 
 1 except Section 6, which is stony and gravelly, nnd class 2. 
 The southern hira is somewhat dry-, but in the north two-thirds 
 there are small scattered marshes and several reedy creeks. On 
 
 •1'" V ^ """^^ ^' ^ ^^^^'^^ ^^^'^y oreckJ6tol8 inches deep 
 ^ith slight current. Ihere is small poplar in the north half of 
 the township. — W, T. Ihomgon 1880 
 
S3 
 
 T^rcnships West of Secn^^d hntial Meridian R . 
 
 ^«ertdtan.-,fianffe lY, -45 
 
 Creek „,„„i„ ihrou °i ,.^, •"■*";'"• '^""'•''i by Little CM t 
 J.8h., sandy ,„\„^r|''j''^;^S Vr'""-^^^^- ^e S{ fs"^ 
 
 ■willow'cove'rpH ^ff'^'"' f somewhat low and w»t i • 
 eieeedinKlv 't "'"'good "oeadowrwhieh tM ""^^ f ™y 
 
 whiih f^r^''^ -■^hfw™t'frL"^TeTar!" p^'of 'wst^t: ■ 
 
 Class.— j; McArfhur, 1882. *" ^"^'^ ^°^ cultivation; second 
 
 S*. Outlines.— Tho nnrO. ■ 
 
 bluff. The .oil .ri'iiJ^ ora"ToiJ'"'&'"'j ™'*"^<' poplar 
 
 poplar and scmh tu -i . * t«Jck growth nf xn^,-ii ^^* 
 
 ^o«os sfcf^ntas'^'ar?'' '1%" "? '»«■» -^la- 1 iTarfZif 
 
 ttore is co«si<u4we';?;;Ki^d'*X™tSr''^ «0" '"-O"* 
 
 «cruD.-^fr. 0^?7yf>, 1880. 
 
/ 
 
 35 
 
 26. 
 
 \ . 
 
 46 Tv,rnAhips Wtnl of Second Inittal. Meridian.— Range IV 
 
 Subdiviiion.--UQch. Lake, about 13 miles square, lies within 
 this township. Two creeks run into the west side of thTake 
 The 80,1 IS a good clay loam, well adapted to agriculture There 
 18 a fair amount of building timber.-J /. Burrotos, 1882. 
 
 ^nlS W^ff^""'^^ ^""^ T\ ''''T^^ °^ "°"^"? P^^^"«' ^it^ scattered 
 S 5l ti^ T-^ ^ rich clay loam ; soil, class 1. On Sections 6 
 and 31 the soi is gravelly, class 2 Several marshes were crossed 
 on the north line. The east, in several places, is gravelly and 
 classes 3 while there are numbers of small marsl^s aK 
 alkaline flat occurs on Sections 13 and 24.-7'. Drummond, 1880 
 
 ihq west is flat and wet, with many muskegs. A lart^ 
 ?mnr;A\'"r'"^ north-eastward from Leech Lake, covers aboS? 
 3 miles of the hue ; it was all under water owing to the uncom- 
 njonly heavy rauifall of the season. There are a nLber of poplar 
 
 o„-q ^*'*/'l'"'ow--^ndulating prairie. The soil is a rich clay 
 
 ship, and otherwise the land is well watered. There is some 
 timber large enough for building purposes.~i). C. axle/e, 1880. 
 
 Oj.^/mes^_North-undulating prairie, with heavy poplar and 
 
 rort^^^^f '• A^'f'^^ f. ^^"if ^'^^ ^"d 2 feet deep.^cr^osses^e 
 north quarter of Section 36. Class 1— A. L Russell, 1 880. 
 
 1 he west IS all good black clay loam. The north half is nearlv 
 all solid poplar bush, in which there is good fencin- ami some 
 
 rjh^ri ^^^^?"^ °^^**^""^- This wood%xtends L-uth-LHo 
 W Lt ' ^"'^' ^",^«»J«"/^fion with the large meadows cdjoin- 
 S ^ ^^""^ favourable prospect lor settlers. - PT. Ogtlvie, 
 
 East -rolling prairie. Soil is a rich loam, in some places a 
 
 A range of high hilLs cross this line.-T. Dnmmond, 1880 
 
 Rirpr ; T''""^'^''"''"? ^y a tributary of the White Sand 
 Rner, a swift stream, with capital raillsites. The timber is 
 
 a^'i-::;f 8^0 "^"'"^""- ^'^ "" ^^ ^'^y ^^-^' 
 
 ^^ f' wiM'~'^^%""'*V' ^"'''^^ '^"^ ^^''"^-^ ' '^^<^y loam soil ; class 
 qo ^^?^^^°f« ^^d poplar ; some marshes. White Sand liiver crosses 
 
 th; r,t r ^'T'- ^' ^"P*? ""! '^ ^'''' ""''^ ^ ^"'^ "^' '« «"^^ent. Along 
 the east the soil is a sandy loam and black loam alternating ; scat? 
 
 whole of the country for miles in its vicinity wrunderwateiT 
 mires'" r; Zf 1I tf ^^^ "l *H^ channel' and the currrnt ij 
 Srent' thlt A lU"'^' ^'^' *^" ^*^'^^^ ^^ ^^« ^'^^^^ was so dif* 
 
a cfay subsoil" iS^;^i;,To/"'''f '»»■" "' '8 inch 'a I?;":; 
 
 ',:';\te.-»«>d°?l of conSab r^tir^:. On ?«cti„„ 
 
 so 
 
 ^8. Outlines. 
 
 crosses tho White Sand UiLr luf'H l^*-^"* ^ °« ^^ the line 
 
 in the north part or 32, and arnat^^^^^^^^ is croied 
 
 also occur .n the western port W nf c>^ the south half. Marshes 
 
 andtheadjoi„in^rhalfof33 ratptl ^"^ "^- ^*^^*i'>"« S.'i 32 
 
 dass 2. Much ot th wesU„ T'l ' *' ^' ?? ^^^^^^ ^^''n^'ins 
 some high places. The surfkrp i^ ^?^' ^®* ^and ; there are 
 
 wilow scTub. with Oct o fo "nrn^^^^^^ busT^id 
 
 crossing the south-e^tst, is about 14 ?if 1 ^^« White Sand River 
 current and low. miry bant ^^JVll.:!/^ ^f."^;.^^' ^'^^^ - ^-mfle 
 The east is rolliao- nv,,-,.; . ii: ■""•^*^". 18»0 
 
 and willows. SeverafrnS :' we LVr'^T^^^^'^P^ -^' Poplar 
 the line; a trail to Fort IVlly eraser h^ ^^« ^««tre of 
 
 Soil IS generally a sandv loai^ w frhlackT^ half of Section 12: 
 2. Undergrowth of willows in places r n'^j^^'- "'^^'^^'^Is- class 
 Outlines -West-first t •, ^ •~^- ^^ ^'"«^'^^^. 1«80. 
 
 ered with poplar and uiliow scruh'-irV^?' "^^^^ ^^"^' ^-^- 
 iiast— ro lilur ,),.iin,> ..^ ^"^^ ""•—■■«. L. Russe I, ISSO 
 
 A great niauy ^iS^'^*^^^ f^ f Poplar a^ ,,in,^. 
 gravel^ ]o;uns ; classes ] and -VhfwK-?^'^^^^.^"^ '^'^^J and 
 
 rp.? '?' V^"^^ ^^' '^'^^^ ^l'>^v.s no;h-east • T^^? ^^"u^'^ ^^''^'' crosses 
 r«nt, 1 inilean hour and ,. i ^ :*^*' ^^^ depth is 7 feet • cur- 
 
 ^riculturai land.-^. Tj^i^^t^^^:'^' ''''' -^^ter ^ 'g^od 
 
 ^^r;.cf 'IJll^-iii;;;^ l-^-i; v^^ poplar bluffs in 
 
 West-.outh-we.t. lowund uw ^vTtV f'^'" ^"^ ^et places 
 di;^. with large tia.her tit.u I he no';tf "" Tr'' ^* ^-^'-^S 
 ^~A. L Rnssell, inm. ^^^- "he soil is all class 
 
 '^a. Outlines. —The nnrf}. + • 
 
 poplar ti„,hc.,. a,,., , aU^to™ "^n"!'"™*'' "'"^''''J '-"'> ^"me 
 
 30. 
 
48 
 
 'nmmhips West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range V. 
 
 many large musWs, marshes or ponds, occurring at intervals all 
 along ho line. There is also a lake on Section 25 connectilff with 
 Crystal Lake, a portion of whioh extends westward into tho 
 south-east corner. The shores of the lakes, marshes &c are all 
 wooded w,th poplar or spruce; and along the north bfnk of the 
 Assinaboine is a belt cf timber, chiefly spruce, about half a mn« 
 wide. The average depth of alluvial soil is abou? 8 inches ^nC 
 
Range V. 
 1. Outlines, — Thu nnt-f, • i,- 
 
 ™li«y. consisting of iwpTar iJn- „iu '"■■; " '"""" """"' in "ho 
 Th,. river's ffidij?,-, ,,.,' f^'"' 7?' "''<• i;'"'". willow a. I thorn 
 northern half of Section Rn /'?"'' ™""' »» 'h» we,t V^^^^ 
 
 t^IT'";'"' °f ■' i» ™?Hng. TC^'°".S. -indin^/Ll'uta^ 
 Jar the laud rates class < ,?i . '^"on 19 is most v level m.„ 
 
 |onther„ Sections comist of rofi^r"''"'' ""-'^ -toXy '''^tL fc 
 prairie "so^" T' "»" -» h we ^h^r'^r"' '' '!?■" ™'' ='^ 
 
 ooltnral laniTlJ''°r?h'^^'',f '"'''''» 'ownshi,. s' -~^' . • 
 
 p-;-ago.-«^ll« -^^^^^^ \-f «y. but co.'iti?:t.rt 
 
 •*. Outlines. — Thp »i.»i.*u ■ n. ' *°o*' 
 
 wood. There a?riff '?"'^^ P^«^^'i«. <^lass 3 • water « 
 
 we«t the Cei;t\^,^,^X7^«^ ^^ Se'ctior s". ""^;' .J^ 
 
 £«« a f?; ;rav^° ^.^ ,,7^-ast is'ti"^ an d^tLTp^S 
 floTv^ east acro,s ^h/mn^tnhIlZ'''t^- ^he Scurfs 'wv™' 
 
 3. 0««i„e5.>-Thi8town«v>- • , ^- ^- ^owfi^ner, 1881. 
 
 ^"•o^'r ^ ^-ywherXtpt oltcTbn s'" ."itK^''^ 
 
 -1.^ - ilie. ar^-t t ^^^ ^^ 
 
 The e f • " ""«. — I. b. Gore, 
 
 browxiishoWlIro„»'.««!'K Pmirie, with an alluvi., .„.-, „f 
 
 »er of small pond, and ia^rT'wS '' . ^^?^ "" »"■^- 
 
 «o wood—/. JUcLUchie, 1881. 
 
^0 Timnships West of Second Initial Meridian. ^Range V. 
 
 Suh-division.—OQMi\Y rolling prairio, with numerous ponds 
 and deep water marshes, and not attractive tor settlement 
 Soil— generally of a barreu, hard, sandy and gravelly nature- 
 third class.— /. ^4. Carfttr/, 1881. * 
 
 4. 0«//tw«.'».— The no^ n and east consist of undulating prairie, with 
 many email ponds and mareheH; alluvial soil, a brownish clay 
 loam, classes 1 and 2 in the north and all class 2 in the east No 
 wood on either line.— J. McLntrhte. 1881. 
 
 This township is rolling prair *\ and generally second class 
 land, as there are a good many stot and gravelly knolls. On 
 the west there is a dark, gravelly loam soil ; water scarce; no 
 wood. Section ;}1, the adjoining half of flO and the southern por- 
 tions of li) and 18, rate class 1, and the balance class 2. — T S 
 Gore, 1881. 
 
 tf///>-//ij»i,Nj«.— Undulating prairie. Clay soil, broken bv 
 gravelly knolls and sloughs.— P. Burnet, 1881. 
 
 ». Outlines.— On the north and west there is excellent soil, abundant 
 and gu(.d water, undulating surface, scattered ponds and hay 
 marshes and a good agri(;ultural township The north has a clay 
 loam soil. Section 32 rates classes 1 and 2 ; the western half of 38 
 class 2, and all the rest class 1. The west has also a good 
 loamy soil. Sections 6, 19 and 20, and the north half of 18 rate 
 class I, and f h.^ balance of the land class 2. There are a number 
 ol hay meadows, marshes and muskegu along the central sections 
 No wood on either line.— T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling, stony prairie, class 2. Soil, a brownish 
 
 • clay loam, over clay Small ponds and marshes occur all alone 
 the line.—/. McLatchie, 1881. ^ 
 
 Sub-division ~(^ooA hind, but rather stony. Hilly and broken 
 m the centre.— .7^. Warren, 1881. 
 
 «. Ott^/?we.s.- Excellent soil, abundant and good water, undulating 
 surlac'e, scattered ponds and hay marshes, and good ao-ricultursd 
 township On the north the surface is rolling, with a good 
 loamy soil ; class 1. On the west the land rates class 1 
 throughout, the soil being clay loam on all the Sections, except 31, 
 whenj It is sandy loam ^o wood on either line. T. Fawcett, 188l! 
 T\e east IS undulating prairie, somewhat stony in the south! 
 Sou, a brownish clay loam, over clay. The land rates class 1 ex- 
 cept on the southern jwtions of Sections 18 and 21, and the 
 northern parts of 25 and 36 where it is class 2. There are a num- 
 ber ol marshes, most of which occur towards the north No 
 wood— y. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— The north part is level, and with some very 
 good meadow land ; the south part is undulating prairie, with 
 some Sliver poplar scrub. Very good water, obtainable in 
 abundance by digging down a few feet. Absence of timber the 
 only drawback Soil, clay loam with clay subsoil, and sandy 
 loam with sandy subsoil, the former occupying a much greater 
 area ; first and sec I class.- Z). C O'Kee^f" 18«1 
 
"7. 
 
 
 51 
 
 ». 
 
 Il.tervHl»._7.. ^w^,,,,, „'^', "-'■"« ^- Small mar»hc. occur at to.g 
 over clav "on S "»''"'"""-' -nd IctoI, class o ^„i, , , 
 
 » fine ''?„pM"''.,^:r -i/'iio' ;r ^-tj «-: Mot,'iatT> :r 
 
 -oil isf^rSp, btAfaSti^t" •'^"f^mar.hea. The 
 tani Creek -s. jjroUie, 1,81 '^ '"'"" ' '"""re-^d by Moose Moua! 
 
 Outlines — Norfh i'mS-, i- 
 
 an, left, anTwea "oflrNf ,t ''"°' ''r^f '*'<>°-Mo„,Uain 
 enl.rely without wood The% ,11 T"' 5°»"« P'""'. whS " 
 rapply of surface water o?, .1 " ffood, and there is if J! 
 
 jndulating, and tboXp^r Al)\,1'^ ""'"""'"•.V * ™njr/"s 
 There are a iiumK...^;',:'^ T '"'"' r'Stias on a clav subsoH i» „„ J 
 
 ih streams mnninrr rr„^ ??'*';." So""- 
 
 There arern^™W;ofZ:;h:;i:;art"*:i;^"'»"'^™^'ri;"gT^ 
 
 Mountain Creek. The "'w h "^jl^ *'",r Mountain 
 
 he rating is d„,, j. There I ^^'LJ!/"™"''':' >»■• "ottle- 
 
 t^t°°The iatoglXSz 'tH ,'r- '""'P^'^ '■»™-W'" lor ""tl'e" 
 
 the adjojning portions of TlH 3o am] / ' * "^fJ^^'J- "^^ure. „ 
 age wid h of the crook is .bout 70 foo m" '^ '1 "^'^^ ^ ^'^^^ aver 
 Ao wood -T. F«,.c.//, IHHI ^ ^'''^' ■'^^^•'wtere. water isscarce 
 
 -nd iuli::':Sir|^t^l^:;^ ^nU. the o.eeption of a ridge of 
 • township. The soil is ^ III **^ ^^'^^ across the centre of th« 
 -. fro. east to we.t acUsXti, .fr } ^"^^^^'^ ^-k 
 ». 0«//r;...s-.-The eastern 91 M . '^^"^^"^— ^- ^^«^ar/, 1881. 
 hilly oountry^woS^ih'nrnr/r^ "^^ ^^""^^-^ i« rou^h 
 
 as large as IG incho^ tn ^.^^i^l^^^^^ ^here is some mlZlrl?, 
 
52 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.—Range V. 
 
 south ot the line. The balance of this line, together with the first 
 IJ miles, going south, on the west boundary, is in an Indian. 
 Reserve. From th.-nco the surface is principally stony prairie, 
 broken by a f.-w high ridges. Soil, gravelly. On Section 6 
 however, and the norfhorn half of 7, the soil is a very rich black 
 loam on a dark brown clay or sandy loaru siib.soil, class 1. A 
 couple of lakes on Section 19, a trail ic Wood Mountain on 7 and 
 a small creek on 6 —P R. A. Behmger, ls8l. 
 
 (-^oiug north, on the east boundary, the line enters the southern 
 sJopp ot 1> oose Mountain among scattered poplar and birch The 
 wood, however, soon becomes thick bush and underbrush to the 
 north-east, but is only useful for fUel. There are numerous marshes 
 and lakes. Southwards, the ioot slopes ol Moose Mountain 
 cover t^ectlon8 1 and 2 and then bear off to (he north-west A cart 
 trail to th(; Jrjdian Reserve in the northwest of the township lies 
 along theu- base From .Section 9 westward the Rouris plains 
 ^tend The soil in these plains is suitable for farming.— O. J. 
 
 A . f^*-^'^^"«'o»— Parts of Sections 8 and 8, and all of Sections 
 4, 5, 6 and 7, aie level prairie and well adapted for farming- pur- 
 poses .Vchons a] and 32, and parts of Sections 28, 2K 80 and 33 
 are included m Ocean Mian's Reserve. The remainder is hilly and 
 consequently betier adapted for grazing than agriculture. The 
 north-east portion is well timbered with poplar, some of which is 
 fit tor building, and the rej^t of the hilly part has numerous bluffs 
 ot poplar 1 here is considerable limestone in the hilly parts and 
 numerous lakes occur, having pure water furnished by springs, 
 fcoil, clay .oam, chieily second-class.—/. A. MacMillan, 1881. 
 lO. 0>di:{ne'^~\a the Moose Mountain district. The western half of 
 the north Inu- lies m an Indian reserve. The eastern half has a 
 dense wood of poj^lnr and s.-rub, with numerous lakes and ponds. 
 The soil IS rich. - J G. Sing-, 1881. 
 
 Last-in The summit levels of (he Moose Mountain district - 
 heavily wooded, with numerous lakelets, ponds and marshes' 
 G^ood fishing in some oj the lakes The eastern portion of the 
 Pheasant tiump and Ocean Man Indian Reserve lies on this town- 
 ship, The soil IS excellent and the vegetation fine.— O. J. Klotz 
 1881 ' 
 
 S.6v/m,s/o«.-Very broken. Well timbered, except a small 
 portion in the north sections, which is half prairie and half poplar 
 woods. The timber generally consists of poplar, ash and willow, 
 with a dense undergrowth of ha/els. thorns and rose bushes A 
 
 IX."^ lu ^"u^'' ^''^'- ^°^^' ?^^»erally sandy, with a stony 
 subsoil, though Pometiraes one of clay ; chiefly third-class the 
 only portion not too broken for agriculture being included in the 
 Indian reserve.— L /. Garon, 1881. 
 
 11. Oif^/r/iw. -Surveyed the north, west and south. Somewhat broken 
 by the north portion of Moose Mountain. The soil is a go^d sandy 
 loam ; and the surflice is covered, in the hilly parts, with dense 
 scrub and bluffs of poplar. Much of the township is k rich grJsy 
 flat, well adapted for grazing.—/. G. Sing, 1C81. 
 
13, 
 
 1». 
 
 11. 
 
 *^... 1^8^ '"" ^'^y '»-■ Tin^be/toTtSLVrrf 
 Outlines — iVorth— mil- 
 
 Mountain Classes 1 and a-^'SV'^ ?PP"aching tfC^ 
 
 0«W«e.5._Alon(f the nnrtl, „ j 
 « good, dark, sandy loam soil ,Tf,',' ^^''^ ''""'■'S Prairie with 
 Immediately within he"<^?h'K "i'" ^'"""y i" a few p.™ 
 >ng about 1,500 aeres Small™ ""u'^^y '^ » 'a?ge marshoonS" 
 
 espeo.ay along the wesU^.'-^rffwo^f TT ^^ »«»-o-: 
 Jjdg... on the »mU;^[JXS f*'"'^'"™ -i" Varofl^ ' 
 
 St j^inTh-i?H H?trh- 
 
 Class L^. p. ^^^^^^^ ^gg^ ast. Along the north the soil is 
 _ hast -rolling laud wifh.ia..^-^ , - 
 --P^ a«d pond. With g„-„d-^at:;;f ^ Xr^tdll^ 
 
54 Towns}, i p. i West nf Second Initial Meridian—Range V. 
 
 farming land. Frequotit bluffs of poplar and dense willow scrub 
 m the northerly third —^. G. Wtbb, 1881. 
 
 tiubdivision.—i )poa prairie, with a good many swamps The 
 soil is of excellent quality.— il. Hamel, 1881. 
 
 16. Ow///«e.s.— The north is prairie, covered with numerous bluffs, 
 marshes and ponds of jrood water The soil is a light sandy loam, 
 clashes 1 and 2. Weed Lake is situated in tSection 36, it has a soft 
 muddy bottom; bad water. The north-west lies in the Weed 
 Hills ; poplar and brush ; light soil, classes 2 and Z.—A. C. Ihom- 
 son, 1881. 
 
 East— Sections 1 and 12 are rolling land with a good many 
 scattering clumps of poplar and willow, class 2. A creek, 2 to 3 
 leet deep (June) crosses Section 12. North of this for some dis- 
 tance the surface is bare prairie with sand ridges, after which the 
 balance is roiling prairie, generally open, but poplar bluff's to the 
 east and a good deal of poplar to west ; rates class 2. Weed Lake 
 crosses ^'ection 36 — 11^ Pearre, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— l^e^rlj covered with poplar and willow 
 Pipestone Creek flows through in a south-easterly direction, and 
 contains fresh water. The soil is everywhere very good • in 'some 
 places a sandy loam, in others a clay lodm.—Burchill and Dauis, 
 1881. 
 
 16. Otfi/iwes.-North— prairie with a good many grass and water 
 ponds, and an excellent soil. In the centre there are numerous 
 lakelets, and m Section 32, Weed Creek lA inches deep (June) 
 crosses from the south ol the township. Eaj^^t— rolling prairie 
 with many small swamps and pond holes in the north ■ but o-oiujr 
 southwards the land becomes fairly dry until the south of the 
 townfehip IS reached, when it becomes wet again. The soil rates 
 class 1 — W. Pearce, 18.-<1. 
 
 West- rolling prairie, light and gravelly on the tops of the 
 ridges— some parts low and swampy— others level and sandy 
 the north IS the best and class 1. The other portions are classes 
 J, 2 and 3, according to value.— 4, C. Thomson, 1881 
 
 Sub-div/sion.-Vrahie, dotted with a few small poplar bluffs 
 There is plenty of splendid land, but there is a good deal of rather 
 light soil. Weed Creek expands into a large lake, which has a 
 large muskeg towards its northern shore. There are also a o-ood 
 many smaller lakes.— &'. L. B,abazun, 18'-2. "^ 
 
 IS. Sub-dirision.~The soil is rather inferior and coveted with pa(ches 
 ol poplar and willow scrub. AH but the extreme north-east 
 part ot the township is included in Indian reserves— W^ and D 
 Btatty, 188J. 
 
 19 A. Outlines.—On the north the western half of Section 81 is a f^toQr> 
 rugged and heavily timbered slope towards Crooked Lake, which 
 extends along the line for about a mile. The Qu'Appelle iiiver 
 flows out from this lake. The three eastern sections consist chi^-flv 
 
 ' — » " !■"' 
 
 ■iF. T. Thontjjsott, itt:?0. 
 
19. 
 
 20. 
 
 fmanTa^- Yi* "-^ '»"«' i ?'h°rt„'Cr"«^"do" ^he upper 
 Outlines. — ihe pisfavr, u ■. . * 
 
 «^^6-rf^.,-,,-„,, ^Crooked T «L ^ " ' ' ' ' 
 
 0«^/mer-The east is hic^h rollin J '^-^^,7//;,,, ,884. 
 
 soil in 36 ,s a sandy lo^m.-W T r/ ^ ^" ^'^'^ ^- The alluvial 
 , ^ The land aJonff the nor/ hi. ^'^"'"*/'«««, 1880. ^"*^ 
 
 but towards the sotth west tt so,f l''^' ^' ^^^^ ^^"^ second class 
 
 UttleCnit'"n^ i^"°»^«^« of ponds ThS ^""^l^.' ^"^ ^«^«« 
 sj.rw.'^r"^ Creek—C F. ilS 1881 *°^»«^^P drains to 
 
 deep and difficult o d S^.'Thfi ?.' .^^*^^ ^^ *he marshes is 
 
 *1. Out fines Fast fit a 
 
 and class h^coptl^'^S^'^PI^.^.^enormyd^lo^ ' 
 
 rt. 1 /?"■ ''"''"'»">onolVrass£L„: °, '°,'"'» 'wo-thirds 
 Cm Ann Creek crosses the line^„ ? ?• "*' ""' « branch of LitUe 
 "8 eet de,.p, and has g„:d waS and?' ' -r" '"■ TiissS 
 cart trail, to aud fronr ckrletm R.t.? r 1"^'"^ cnrrent. The mX 
 
 fcU„dro„S^c,^:^'4f-^^CS:]^. The -;'--» -^'wee^ 
 ~ /* ' ' •** '■ townthip being poorest 
 
 excelkntZX^aXtttS CJ^'t.'''"''- '"^"'^ l""- -*> and 
 the Lutlejut Arn, cj^-^'^^tj^^^^o.^.^ip is o.o.^X 
 
 iKvdsSl '""■ ^"""^y- S^velly and third cla.s.-a J. 
 
i 
 
 «6 lowmlips West of Second Initial Meridian.-^Range V. 
 
 Inw J^?[*^-?^e»^^ally rolling prairie, with numerous ridjres and 
 low hills; many small meaaows and marshes- and tow! rd +>^« 
 
 fc ''Tl!:fas^falf Toll n^:^^^^^ ^^tTfi^J' ^ '' -^ 
 and class 1 except Section 1, wfiiS. is stony and .riveHy^ and 
 class 2. The southern third is somewhat drv • hnt f^\tJ' ^t 
 two-thirds there are small scattered marsheV and several ?^^S 
 reedy creeks On Section 36 there is a wil W mt ry cLk 15 
 to 18 inches deep, haying a slight current and good water running 
 over a s ony bed There is small poplar and wiUow in the wf 
 . ^^^' buUhe south half is open.-Pr' T. Thomps'mmo 
 
 «trP«^ tJ;"''''^;"^''^"^^**".^ P^^^"*^' wit^o^t any running 
 stream The soil is somewhat of an inferior cualitv Si ? 
 
 sandy loam mixed with considerable gravel ?t wiT'lf^. 
 over class 2-R. A. Wilson, 1881 ^ ^'^^ """^ '**^ 
 
 ox, ou ana /. l He rating is class 1 A ptppIt an i,„w j 
 
 with low marAy bank. Crosses SecUon twi lirftssi "^ 
 
 East-the surface is somewhat low and wet »ml tt. 
 number of willow covered flats and ma^y gld meltswWch 
 -the season beinff exceedingly wet-are all unSr wZ; Th, 
 K..1 IS a good black clay loam, classes 1 and 2. Clnmm cf nonl^ 
 
 iimbr-tr;-s,ri£irk?; sr o'^erwir^"'-'" i 
 
 pop ar and willow, affording a plJntM i;;,7orftl ^'bTthe 
 poplar IS scarcely large enough for building purposes A Ihni ed 
 ™PP'y ''^f however, be found for small buMints Tw1» 
 
 ' cwToTTd7t^ ^' f"^"^ P^f^^' ^^^1 «^"^y -nd gravelly; 
 
 tion ai -it is ^.0 1^9 If / flowing east passes across Sec- 
 
 flZd\m. '* '^''P' ""^'^ ^ ^^'^'* current.-T. Drun^ 
 
 .i^^flr^""^^"^ = scattered poplar and willow • cla^s 1 Tba 
 
 rlt^!^-orsJif!!S?^oT?^-V^^^^^^^ - '» nearlyVma^^h' 
 
26 
 
 ^ ^ro^nships West of Second InUiai MerMian.-B..,, y. ,^ 
 
 "^ Voi^!''^l%sU^^^ ^^ri""^ P^r'"' ^^*^ «^^^t«^«d scrub and 
 deep and 35']i,rks w^l^roslj's^T'' ^.^^ ^- ^ ^^««k^ 2 ?eet 
 A cart trail also crorses'sSrSl ' i?" ?^' "'^'"'^ "orrh-w.st 
 large one covers the whole north hnuf^o' ,^"'' "^^erou. ; one 
 and south half of Section 3 W ^et nf-'"^^^• ^ecti^n 83 
 On the west boundary the so ll'v^r!, 'w' "''^'^^'^ ^ and 4. 
 of Sections 1 and 11 it fs low and wir^ir'^i^' ""1 ^» P^^tions 
 
 generally third class, excepl Sctioif 31 whf'.*-"^ "^'^^^ ^'^^^ « 
 T. Drummond, 1880 ►^t-cuon 61, which is second class — 
 
 rr^'^t'j:^^^;;^:^^ ^-t a I ,f ,, ,3 ^^,. 
 
 has an excellent soil, higCa^d aXr ^'j^.^f j^* ^f'/*^^ '^6, which 
 lake lies on Section 25.ipr. O "//.jriHHO ^ ^^'^" ^^^^^^^^ 
 
 woof |tS^ ««^all islands of 
 
 be Leech Lake, besides a Inrgo'qu fnt^v of n t' T^'^''" ^'^''^'^ *« 
 J'oil, fairly good, but the preyaW J /f ' ^''¥' ^"^^ ™ 
 iound a drawback to «ettlonfenT;tX'^V^rnt^^^^^^ 
 
 ^V^o^^ t. Much poplar 
 
 a cart trail betweirFirPlltaTdZ^.f- „ ' ^^ "- -o-es 
 Going north on the east line there ,« 1? .^^^"'' ^" '^'^"^^^'^ ''^^ 
 gravelly loam soil of fair qSa htv for t>, ' ^^-^ ^'^^'^^^ ^^^th a 
 some small poplar, and theloilLLols htf. "^'^'l- '^''' '^''^ i« 
 1, m Section 36. where there is a r.Vh „ ![ '^ "^» ^P ^^ <^Jas8 
 vetches.- fT. Oo-Ho.e, l.«0 '^ ^'''^'^ *^^ ^^^^^ Peas and 
 
 -dy S ;^^S!L:i^^^;^i-^r twomiles thesoil is a light. 
 
 1. merging into a rich day loam on 7h ^^^^^'T.^'^^^'^' ^'^^ class 
 
 and scrub predominate along tt line j^^.^^^^^^ ^hnd Willows 
 
 Poplar. A small swi. er^l^t^l^:; ^I^;;;:- -^--r^ 
 
 and ^ruSS^ri^J^^lt^iJr ^^^ ^^^!?l^^ P«P^- willows 
 ^un through the townsh^ The so 1 tt ^l''' ''' ^^"^ ^^^^^s 
 lo^m.~2ieifenslein and Small, mi '^'^^^'^^^^ is rich sandy 
 
 '^' ^i^:^^fl:^^^^ on the knolls, 
 
 the line a number of tiiZ in Section «4 °' ^^f ^^^.m- crosses 
 «^'d sandy loam., gravelly on the knoll • t . ^^'}~^^''^^ black 
 Willow aa,l a fc w lar-e no- Li . i ' ^^^^^ges, class 2. Much 
 
 excellent water crosses Se^ction 1 fl^' '^'^''t '"^^ ^ ^^^ek of 
 tier of sectioas.^-^ atZ::^ fgn""^" ^"^' ^^^"^^ ^^« ^-thern 
 .^^ -^ . .t'^'t ^^ undulatiuu- Drairi.'. .v ah m Ur . A -., , 
 °omc ox the trees 8 to 10 inches in Hi ..M'^^^u''*'^ ^'^^"^ fluffs. 
 «i- ., and. i„ pj.ee, it , . "^^tZo^t^^:^ 
 
I ' 
 
 ; i:" ■« 
 
 6^ Tofffnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range V. 
 
 a clay subsoil. A creek with a 2 J mile cu^r(?^t, and about 10, feet 
 deep, crosses Section 2 .\ Another creek crosses Section 36 —A L 
 Russell, 1830. 
 
 Sub-division.— Level prairie, with good soil. Thickly dotted 
 with clumps of timber and broken by marshes. Abundance of 
 good water and hay.—/. /. McKenna, 1881. 
 
 28. Outlines.-— The first 3 miles of the north boundary, going east, is 
 open prairie, with a few patches of scrub and scattering poplars 
 on Sections S2 and 33. The soil thus far is good and the land 
 rates class 1. About midway on Section 84 the line crosses 
 Crane Lake, which is 17 40 chains wide and extends about 11 
 miles southwards. From thence the land consists largely of 
 marsh and swamp, with occasional bluffs of poplar bush and 
 scrub, and rates classes 1 to 2. There are many large ponds and 
 on the adjoining portions of Sections 86 and 36 is a large body of 
 good water, 26 chains wide, called Bennet's Lake. East— much 
 of this line is low wet land. There are some high places. The 
 surface is covered with poplar bush and willow scrub, occasional 
 openings. The White Sand River, crossing the piuth-east, is 
 about 14 feet deep (June) with a 2-mile current and low mirv 
 bauks —.1. L Russell, 1880. ' 
 
 West— The White Sand River crosses Section 6. It is a 
 rapid stream, about 4 miles an hour, and flows in a valley about 
 ^-yO -to 200 fp>^t , dt^pp >.^'here are deep marshes on the uplands on 
 both sides ot th valley. The country throughout is undulating 
 and covered with small poplar and scrub. The land averages 2 to 
 2J, but graduates from 1 in Section 6 to 3 in Section 81 —Q C 
 Rainboth, V%1. 
 
 80. Outlines.— The west is rough scrubby prairie, classes 2 to 3 • is a 
 poor country, alternating sandy knolls, deep marshes, poplar, 
 brush, thick scrub and slush —G. G. Rainbath, 1881. 
 
 East— first rate soil, but low, wet, marshy land covered with 
 poplar and willow scrub.— ^1. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 80. OMf/*»es.— North— generally low land, with poplar bluffs and small 
 poplar and willow scrub, and numerous marshes. East— south- 
 east low and wet with poplar scrub ; but becoming drier with 
 .arger timber towards the north. The soil is all class 1 —A L 
 Russell, 1880. 
 
 Out/ines— The north contains dense scrub, dead wood and occa- 
 sional clumps of poplar limber. Numerous marshes and ponds. 
 Alluvial soil ; class 3. Tne line is crossed by two creeks flowing 
 south-east about midway on Section 35, and near the northera 
 limit of 36, respectively— P. H. Dumais, 1883. 
 
 83 
 
TOWNSHIPS WESr OF SECOND INITIAL MBKIDIAN. 
 
 Range VI. 
 
 ^' ^t'jr;?;^.^^^^^^^^^ ^-i^- P-irie. generally rough 
 
 consisting of m'apt elm Jnd nor/ ^'*w f""?' ^'"'^ ^^^ *^'«^. 
 south on the ^vestbounSrrtt ^^\^^^ Water is scarce. GoW 
 for three milerwheH the south th'' T'''''''' ^""'^ ""^ «*«^ 
 Creek is crossedThri^e on the sm V K il^'^^V"^ ''^'^ '^ 2. Short 
 to 60 feet ; genera course n°l^ ^^\^ °^ ^^^^^^^ « ' width, 20 
 brushinvalle7 On^oTh^r • ""^""^^^ P^P^^''. ^'^m md 
 
 Kiver and a small tributary ?' '' ^T^ "^''^'^^ ^^'^^^^ ^^ ^outib 
 feet : banks st^p- yX^V^ul^^^^ ^V't^'. T"^'^ ^,^ ^^^ «« 
 and poplar. Small watp/.n,?. ^^ ^''''^^^ ^'*^ ^''^' ^'«^. maple 
 
 tions. but were^ll d7yt„ SeX-'"'''^^" '^^'^'- "^^'^ ^ 
 
 with a light soil • claL 6 n„ J- .• ^^^ ««"th isrollinj^prairiei 
 
 crossed. ^ The country alon^ ihfT ,^^«^^P^« ?^ ^''eeks Were 
 
 boundary, goinl north i« rn^^^ ^""-^ *^'^^ ™^^«« ^^ ^^e east 
 
 beingmostlylevel ofrniif • I ^^^«« 3' ««cti6n 24 
 
 windin- rav^nro„ Vh. ' "^ '"u'^,^. '°"*^' ^"^ broken by a Ibnl 
 ley of t^eSouris River Jd ''• ^"^^ " '^"^ ^*^ ^^«^«^ ^^ t^«' v^ 
 sriall amout^^^ ^ ^L^:;.I^;i;''^J::^l^, There is a 
 
 prair^ atr^celS Tl '^^f ^histoSp if fine rolling, 
 /"/•ance;, ^i^^i '^^^^^^^^t for agricultural purpo8e8.-<Sf«67a,V «^ 
 
 Not. -North hHlf surveyed by W. Pearce. 
 
 rolling, except Section 36 which is hil t «li V u. ™""^' ■» 
 rates class 2, e.cept on SeeUon 6 whe,o^it f," jf^t. The land 
 section 18 stony. The fhrp^ a«i,fkT x- ■^' ^"^ latter 
 
 consist of brolfen praWe/™Ty S^/^la^'s 7%!" 1^ "^'i "■?" 
 
 ontheeastLe,ve/;£tKre":a?rwl^t^rh^^-^;;^^^^^^ 
 
 and.n1^if;ai^i7tlTv''"'!-^^^^^ with a light, gravelly soil. 
 places nothing grow bnt Se^" nlsert^oTta, n'„''!^ '" "f''^ 
 
 occur at lone intervals tkI ^ • ^f. ^' ^°^*'^ raarahes 
 iong intervals. The east is rolling prairie, with 9. 
 
*}■>! 
 
 :i 
 
 <80 Tbwnahipf West of Second Initia' Meridian. — Rntiffn VI. 
 
 block clay loom tcil, class 1 everj^wl.ore except on Section 1, and 
 the adjoining half ofDS. Water is scarce, there is no wood on any 
 ol the lines.— T. -S. 6'ors, 1881 
 
 Hub-division. — Not very good for settlement, the land being 
 "barren and much broken "by ponds and deep wat(>r marshes. 
 Surface gently rolling, with poor pasturage and no timber. Soil 
 — sandy end gravelly, with stones ; generally third class. — J. A. 
 Carbert, 1881. 
 
 - Outlines.— TYic north is undulating prairie, with many marshes 
 and a few small ponds. The is^oil is a brownish clay loam, over 
 clay, and the land rates classes 1 and 2. — .7. McLafchie, 1881. 
 
 On the west boundary, Sections 6, 30, 31 and the adjoining 
 portions of It* and 19 rate class J, and the balance of the land 
 class 2. The surface is rolling prairie, and the soil black clay 
 loam on the two northern sections, and gravelly loam on the rest. 
 Small marshes occur at intervals all along the line. There is no 
 ■wood. The east is rolling, with a darK gravelly loam soil ; 
 -water scarce ; no wood. Section 36, the adjoining hall of 25 and 
 ibe southern portions of 24 and 18 rate class 1, and the balance 
 of the land class 2 — T S Gure, 188 i. 
 
 Svb-division.—FTaine. Clay soil, broken by gravelly knolls. 
 — P. Burnet, 1881. 
 
 9. Outlines. — Excellent soil, abunc'ant and good water, undulating 
 surface, scattered ponds and hay marshes. Good agricultural 
 township. The north has a clay loam soil, class 1. On the 
 ■west, fc^ections 31 and 1 and the north half of Section 6 rate class 
 1, and the Test of the land class 2. On the central part of 30 is an 
 extensive marsh, 96 rods wide on the liiie ; and on the north half 
 of 19, another J 8 rods in width. On the east, Sections 1, 24, 
 25 and the north half of 13 rate class 1, and the balance of the 
 land class 2. There are a number of hay marshes, meadows and 
 muskegs along the central sections. There is no wood anywhere. 
 — T. Fawcett,'lSSL 
 
 Snb-division.—'Prfiitie. The south part is well adapted for 
 farming, but towards the north the lands become undulating, and 
 good only for grazing.—/. Warren, 1881. 
 
 IB. Outlines.— ^orih, west and east— rolling and undulating prairie, 
 •with a good soil, generally clay loam ; class 1. On the w^est the 
 Bdjoininf^ halves of Sections *7 and 18 rate class 2. On Section 36 
 
 ' it is sandy loam. There are a couple of good sized hay marshes 
 on Section 32, and small scattered ones elsewhere. It is a good 
 agricultural township. — T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — AW undulating prairie. Not much bush, what 
 there is being silver poplar. Water good, except in east portion ; in 
 Sections t.4, 25 and 2H it was fourd slightly alkaline. There is 
 asomegood hay land, and large quantities ot mushrooms were found, 
 in the season. Soil, principally clay loam, with seme sandy loam 
 and limestone gravel, the subsoil being clay , first and second 
 dass.— ^. C. OK'effe, 1881. 
 
» 
 
 'nn.n.Hps W..t of Second Fnin'n, MerUlUn.~Ran^. yj « 
 
 Section 18^ On t^st f h.dVo7Th^f "^''^^•°^" Section 1^1^: 
 ami a pond. There is somo io d hlv 1 1^^' [' ^ ^^^^ «^eadow 
 of Sections 6 and 7. (S the eas^ t^h^l«.'i" *^ "^J"^"^"*^ P^^^^ 
 tions 86, 12. 1. and the noi th half If o,' \^l^^^^ class ] on Sec 
 1 and % and the balance of the land nfl tt'''^}^ ^^*«« «J«««e« 
 
 l^rorf^lSsf '"--'^^""'^ P-^- * ^ood soil ; well watered.-^. 
 
 *■ ^-?^^fe/^ir'^t tl'f :^'- ^^- 2 *h-".^out. 
 and from thence rollTnp nd^ b o'ken bv a' T'''' '' ^''''' P-i"«' 
 creek of good water, thnt crosses fl?^ i ^'''""^ '" ^'^i^=^ « a 
 eastern half of Section 86 M^os^MoSn Z TT^^t^^^^^ on the 
 the east ha f of 31 • its width Lol . «\ x^^° ^^''*'^ ^^ crossed on 
 slow w«, d, co"l:Sh'-o"/'l^\X " '"'■™"--" 
 
 creek is a sandy loam, nenrlv aH^nf ?i '''^^'' *^*^ "^''^^ ^^ t^^e 
 more of a clayov and d, ,^Kln , ^^^^^ ' ^"*' «onth of it is 
 80. 18, 7 and tL^sonth part o '« r '. "''i ^" ^^^ ^'^«t. Sections 
 the land class 2. Mea^dows or^' t''^^ ""^ *^^^ balance of 
 except 18 ; the latteHs crowed b?l ?/''"' ^" '^'"^^ ^^^^^on, 
 east the soil is princ pally L^dv Z ""^^ ^'^'^ ^'^'^- ^n the 
 adjomingportionsof iLn^d 3a,fdo^"i";/^^^^^^ \ ^^^.^P* on the 
 On Section 12 the line is crossed 5 vM J ' ''^'''■^ '* ^« ^^^a^s 2. . 
 
 .and-hills. «hich orrerihc north* *« «<^'=Pti''» "f a ridge of 
 eandy loam. Moo J Mouutai" Cwf ' '^"'^'^ ^he soil^is a 
 from the north-west to the "outh-oasti?"^ diagonally through 
 Ovllmes—West and east tk! T ""' ^*'*'- 
 
 Monntain, and thelrttTn ha?fTf th™ T'";!':''^. "<'^ ""^ Moose 
 ««erve Moose Mountain Creek ^otSt^i;";''''!' "' '"' '"''''" 
 Good grazing townshin rirt ""^^'r^ *"« soath-west corner. 
 
 «hip II, Hange 7 lWni?D fnv"" '' ^'"''"^i in Tow^; 
 Kange 6.- J. g. fil;/ ,»^i P '"• ^""S^ «■ and Township 10, 
 
 wha?'J:riirg'- .ih^^^fr ealzr" -^ 'r p™-' -»- 
 
 ing creeks flowing from the hl'lf..!! ''5'/«^?ral valleys contain- 
 -nality and well adapSd t ouUi'-ation '^ o ?''^./°" '^ "'■ » S"^ 
 
 north portion, to the Sh oi^ec^Tand"!. h /^ ^^"■^'- ^he 
 the reserve of Ocean Plan's Ba^d^'^Ws '^o-SStt^t ^ 
 
(- 
 
 J 
 
 1 
 
 6^ Totonships West of Second Initial Meridian— Range VI. 
 
 mainder of tho hilly portion, but better suited for grazing thaii 
 agriculture. Alkali beds extend through Sections 3, I, i», 10, 11, 
 12, i;{, H, 15 and 16. A few unimportant bluffs of poplar grow 
 in the hills. Moose Mountain Cret'k traverses the west side of 
 Sections 6 and 7. A few ponds of stagnant water ojcu; in the 
 hills, but the prairie portion of the township has no water what- 
 ever. Soil— decidedly wandv i i south-east portion, but better in 
 the south-west and west portions, though surface hilly, and in 
 places stony; secon i class, exct^pt in alkali parts, which are 
 cl'>,ssified fourth rate— 7 A, MavMillan, 1«81. 
 
 lO. OuHinPs.—\n Moose Mountain ; dense scrub and bluffs of poplar. 
 Soil, first class. Plenty of water. Nearly all of this township, 
 except a narrow northern strip, is in an Indian Reserve.—/. Q. 
 
 Sing, 1381. L i. 1. 
 
 Sub-divisinn.'- Consists of a tier of half sections north of the 
 Indian reserve. Heavy rolling prairie, containing many small 
 lakes, with some patches of poplt-r and willows. Soil, sandy, 
 with faiidy subsoil ; second and third class.— L. /. Oaron, 18fel. 
 
 Ul,. OuUints.—l?. encroached upon by the north of Moose Mountain. 
 The soil is a good sandy loam, and the surface is covered, on the 
 hilly portion, with dense scrub and bluffs of poplar. — /. O. Sing^ 
 
 18b 1. 
 
 Sub-divisivn.—'RoWmg prairie, considerably broken by lakes, 
 ponds and manhes. No wood, except a small blutf of poplar be- 
 tween Sections J6 and 3G. Soil, generally clay loam, of an iiver- 
 age depth of lro)n 10 to 16 inches, with a clay or gravelly loam 
 subsoil ; chiefly second and third class, vath some first and fourth. 
 — Dumais and Idichaud, 1^82. 
 
 1«, Outfines —The north is rolling prairie, with frequent swamps and 
 ponds Soil, sandy and clay loam ; classes I and 2. A small creek, 
 about 3 feet wide, cr -sses'Section 34 There are two large hay 
 marshes in the north of S'^ction HI. Good grazing and farming 
 land, but on the whole it is best adapted for the latter.— il. C. 
 
 Webb, 1 881. ' , , . » 
 
 This township io somewhat broken by the north portion of 
 Moose Mountain. The soil is a good sandy loam, and the surface, 
 where it is hilly and in the vicinity ot the hilly portions, is Cov- 
 ered with dense scrub and bluffs of poplar — /. G Sing, 1881. _ 
 
 Sub-division.—ChieQy rolling prairie. The south-east portion 
 is in the Moose Aiountain, and has a pmall quantity of timber, 
 being brule interspersed ;vith small green poplar and willow, to- 
 gether with fallen and stiuidiug dead timber The latter will be 
 used for fuel and the green poplai- will furnish fencing. The land 
 on the south-east is more broken by small ponds containing water, 
 fresh and good. Soil, a rich clay loam, mixed with limestone 
 gravel in places ; uniformly first class. — E. C. Caddy, 1881. 
 
 a.5, Outlines.— ^oxi\ east and west— gently-rolling prairie, with 
 numerous marshes and small ponds. Soil, a good dark sandy 
 IjOam, somewhat gravelly in places. — A. F Cofton, 1881. 
 
68 
 
 i4 
 
 15. 
 
 16 
 
 17. 
 
 ^-n.A,>,, We.t Of Seron, Initial Meridian -Ran,. VI. oo 
 
 a«andy oara^bouf iuchos .W -Pu f'''' *^ff"culturo. Soil 
 first cla«s. /. J, M.Ke^aim^' " clay subsoil ; uniformly 
 
 Sn^T t;a or^^^ ma.h.. and 
 
 aily clay loam n the norfh «»wi . \' "^'^ ^^ T^he soil is xreiier- 
 occasional admixtur.; o' grav^-7^^ rT '^l^J' '^'^^^^' ^^^^ ^'^ 
 
 marshes, ponds and 1^'/ ^T^: ■ "^''^ ,^ great many grass 
 account it is botroraZ>t;if "^'""'"« ^'^^^ water. On thi- 
 
 J «andy loam. al^.t's'lSstoTwrt? I'T ^^^ "'^-«- '^ 1- ' 
 first class -/. / McKm^a^tz!^' ^'^^ * clay subsoil ; uniformly 
 
 the bottom of which is borro-v In^ ^ ^ ^^'' I'lP'vsfone Kiver 
 loam ; olas.s.s 2 and 3 Thf^ponfar T"'^'^" r ^""'^ ''' '^ li^'ht sandy 
 diameter The Pipestone cosseShehT \'T.^ *" 8 inches iJ 
 Sections 84, 85 and 3(5 are bu'h Jif h \ ""r ^""^'^"'"^ '"^ ^^'d 32 
 C aJrl ^^^^"^' ^-'^h Lfuir; :/^J;.;rj few openings. The 
 ioam, and class 1. 1heen«f,ai V' ^ *°^ ^oil is ri ckv 
 poplar and willow und. rbish Th'^"^ ^'"'"^ '^^^'^^''^'d with «mS 
 ponds. The highest pom to "wid'j" ^narshcHnJ 
 
 light, with surface stones • classes i«,;ii '^J'^i^^'^tion 36. Soil 
 deep, with swift currenr.'and gooi w^ter ^^^'^^^^^^^-"e, one foot 
 of i^ectiou 24.-^. a Thor,Jn^m\ ' ''*''''' *^« ^"'^th half 
 
 6tt6-</ivmo» —Covered wifh ,• io i 
 scrub, interspersed with baTm\;-^^?,^%'^^ P^P^^^r, willow and 
 
 throughout is good, especi alfy neaf pflr^ ''^''\ ^^e ^U 
 ««^i)«m, ]S81. ^ ^^P*^^^°»'- Creek— £„;.cA,7/ 
 
 ^aS;:^!^^^^^ S^ :;?*^ ^ ^- i^-<^« and hay 
 
 tion U> holiness in the centra \'onioI ^VT ^^ ^^'"^« ^"^^^^^ 
 
 West - rolling praii-i,. with b bX'T ' f ^'^'•'^«. 1 88 1 . 
 poplar is from d to 10 i ck, s d " ' ?^ ^'°^^^' ^nd willow. The 
 loam occasionally mixed t-^hgrw^^^^^^^ "^'^ ^^^"^^ ««d clay 
 rjin' ^"V«"^^«- A raT,ge ot till' ' ff r^ ^ "^^ J" S«^era! 
 and 30, with a dry waterCurse If),? /,^^°"Sh Sections 19 
 Kiver runs through Section t/uT,/ ^ ^^^^^'^y- The Pipestone 
 Pr-rie, light and gravdh ^^th^t^pT^^l -/^^-^t ^« 'dling 
 i?JT'^TTu^^>^' «ther« level audLudV T^i^^^' u®«^^ P«^t« 
 s:T ^^><>-"s"n, I8«J ' -^ and 3, according to 
 
 Wly and wooj.d _& i' Bra^f^^ '^^ges ; .ge southern "part is 
 
 pon&gr^^Xa^Ips' V^A'"^^^^^^^^ V . ""™P"»e<l with 
 of the township, and the On'Ann.li ""'T ,','"'*"''"»•«■«'' corner 
 
 -t ha,f Of this -wnship is^rarltistvr^'-Snoi 
 
i 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 ■i 
 
 
 ":i 
 
 19. 
 
 30 
 
 1;i 
 
 64 Townshipt Went of Second Initial Mcridian.—Range VC 
 
 is j,^'iu>ri>lly class 2. There ii»e scattered poplar bluffs iramodiatoly 
 io the )i.»iih H»i(l along the oast of this lino, at w'liih tMid the soil 
 is all clasH 1. iind whore tht^ro are several nice 'reeks with stony 
 bods and i?o(id water. The southern end of the west boundary 
 for two miles has a fine No 1 soil and many grass meadows aijd 
 swamps, and then the land becomes drier and poorer, and gravel 
 ridges occur troquontly. Class 2 up to end of the line.— T. 
 Kain%, 1881. 
 
 Subdivision— MoWiw?, prairie. The few swamps can be 
 easily drained. Soil is very rich and Iriat)le. The east half is 
 included in tho reserve of O'Soup's band,— iS. C. Dawton, 1881. 
 OM//i«e.s.— Traversed by the Qu'Appelle River. Soil poor in the 
 north. South of the river is reserved lor Indian purposes.— C. F. 
 ilii/es, 1881. 
 
 Sub-dioision.—RoWuig prairie, with bluffs of poplar and 
 willow, all but the two north tiers of sections being included 
 within the reserve of Mosquito's band. Soil second class.— i2. C. 
 McPhillipa, 1884. 
 
 OM^Zmcs.— Northvt'ards tho country is open and varies in quality 
 of soil between first and second class. The southern part of the 
 township is poore.- in soil and is covered with small poplar and 
 willows. There is abundance of water from the drainage of the 
 Pheasant Hills to the west.— C F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub dividon.-~Vm\x\e, with numerous hay marshes and 
 islands ot poplar, only useful lor firewood. The soil is gravelly 
 and stony.— T. W. Wahh, 1881. 
 
 Outlines— The northerly portion of this township is sandy, gravelly 
 and third class. The land to the south is rather better and second 
 class.— C. F Miles, 1881. . 
 
 Sub-division.-Gooi meadows anc* grazing lands, and rich 
 black soil : but broken by numerous sloughs and marshes. Little 
 Cut Arm Creek crosses the north-east quarter of the township. — 
 H. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— The north is principally undulating prairie, with many 
 small meadows and marshes, and a few ridges The soil, as a rule, 
 is gravelly and the land rates class 2. Sections 81 and 82 are 
 traversed by a clear rapid stream, averaging about 18 inches in 
 depth, flowing east, which also winds to and fro along the line 
 throughout Bi.—W. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 The soil of this township, along the boundaries, is sandy, 
 gravelly and third class — C. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.—FTa.ine. Light soil. Watered by several small 
 creeks.— iJ. A. Wilson, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— The north and west is open prairie, interspersed with 
 numerous ponds and marshes. The soil is good, and class 1. A 
 cart trail crosses Section 30, and a creek with marshy shores, the 
 central part of Section 6. Good for agricultural purposes. The 
 east is rolling prairie With scattered poplar in Sections 36, 24 and 
 12. The rating is class 1. A creek, 60 links wide, with low 
 marshy banks, crosses Section 12. — /. L, Reid, 1881. 
 
 SI 
 
 22 
 
 23 
 
«u )|ily ol Koud water, and a i-uiv .r.».,l ^!r ; T l',"' '" » l>l™liful 
 8h>l. comuuiaiction with KorM Kl "n '""' """"1» Hii» (owa- 
 place;., I,m „ j-ravdly |„ara on , ,,? '^' """■ ^"'l' "■•!• '■■ mal^ 
 
 ^eotmns 8 >. H4 and 8.3 have a ]th?ta^^ 3" "i '°'^* '"^'I'^J^' ^^^ "''^ 4. 
 flowing uorth.ea«t crc««e8 JSoc fon S If Tr'" l^^'''' ^- ^ -''•"^^ 
 deep. Sections 82 and 81 haxuTri f "* *^ ^*''-* ^ide and 1 foot 
 crook, /lowing north-east jtl^shrt /^iTr^'V"'^ • «I««« »^ 
 current ; a small stream 'enLriherJ'i'^^^^^^ ^2. ithasaelighl 
 ,^he west is rolling nrairi.. .>.^ i, ^- "'^^"niond, 1880 
 
 o«ek« of an "vor "^^JSr /^tr '^Tr "''■r' "^ '<"«• 
 good clay loam ; c ass 1 • anr! ^-T. J • /^'^ «*^j' is nearly all 
 
 suitable for building punCs Good r""'* ^ ''?^«^ • ff«n«JaIIy 
 rows, 1882. ** i^u^poses. Uood farming land.—y /. Bur- 
 
 TheJotthrift^XVr^^^^^^^ and willow ; class 1. 
 
 creek crosses the line in Section 24 ~f zT-J^ft^^^' ^ ^'"^I 
 
 -SMA-rftw/ilo/t.^Rollinc- nr.irl! 11 j^''"^' ^*^^1- 
 
 Good soil. Fairly wel wVded'Vj^p^''^^^^^ ^^^ *^° °'ceks. 
 25 n.t?i ^ . oaea—j. /. Burrows, lb82. 
 
 ' andlneT&ri^J^o^^^ -«* ^-"dary the soil isgravelW 
 except Section Se^wht^Z Ta'r 'L ^^%-"»»-« alK I] 
 there flows a creek which is abo ?9 f 1 ,^''^'« ^^'^ Section 
 current^T. DrumnondmO ^ ^"'^ ^"*^P ^'^^^ has a swfft 
 
 l^r. SlZd7i5t^^^ e^eption of two or 
 
 trail. Soil--8econdckss.-/S i««^"'^5^ ^^ *^« FortVeSl 
 Outlines.— ^orih -P^ii; • • ' 
 
 dry poplar and a g;„d oT SM'S """"^'^d ""•'"lows, „,„ch 
 jec^on Where the^.oU beco^l^TaniAL^-f^--^^^!'^" ^-^^ 
 
 |oil|'^i|h^a'!'dyW^^^V:rfd w^h''"^', '" '^^ «"W ""l' 
 f Proceeding farther the »o,T K willows and sorub- oIms 
 
 ^wo-thirds is all class 1 and HT"?"? '«""='■. and the northern 
 north third. Willows and scrTbfr^J'''"'' ^'"'^ <='»5' loam on tS 
 poplars. 1 small creek with a swS''^S'r«M ""'' ^"!?* '^^'^^ 
 i- Brummond, 1880 current crosses Section 1 — 
 
 and ^™b*"fcrtt^^;fc"\'''''*^ «f ""P'". willow 
 
 fl^:i^l --"- ^^-iiir: :2;i— ^-^id 
 
 26 
 

 ,! ■!) 
 
 Thionshipx West of Second Initial Meridian— Range VI. 
 
 SW. Outlines. — The north is undulating country, covered with f'scrub, 
 and having an average rating of second class, the west third *of 
 the line being the best. The west is all rolling prairie covered 
 with scrub, and having scattered ponds and marshes. The soil is 
 poor and rates classes 2 and 8. A large creek, with a strong cur- 
 rent and gravelly bed, crosses Section «. The east hns a soil of 
 black and sandy loams, gravelly on the knolls, and averages class 
 2. Much willow and a few large poplars. Some marshes and a 
 creek of excellent water in Section iQ. — G. C. Rainboth, 1880. 
 
 Sitb-diviaion — Level prairie, dotted with poplar bluffs and 
 broken by marshes. A branch of the White Sand River flows 
 through the southerly portion of the township. The soil is sandy 
 loam, and well adapted for tillage. Sufficient timber for the re- 
 quirements of settlers. — /. /. McKenna, 1881. 
 
 Out/iries. — The north is partly open and partly covered with 
 thick poplar and willow scrub. The two eastern sections rate 
 classes 1 and 2, and the rest of the land class 2. Surface water is 
 apparently scarce — A L Russell, 1876. 
 
 * n the west the J^^hiie^ .^ajoijiiver flows south-easterly 
 through Section 31 ; its widtBTis^A-yajids ; "Septh, 8 to 10 feet ; 
 strong current ; clay banks, with bourders The slopes of the 
 valley are wooded with poplar bush ; the river then crosses the 
 township and leaves by Section 1. ^ergjhevalleyis 150 to 200 
 feet deep ; and there ore deep marshes on the^upland on both sideS; — 
 On Section 80 is a creek with its north bank densely wooded. 
 South of this the country is mostly covered with thick scrub, and 
 one or more marshes occur on eveiy section. On 18 is a creek, 
 and on tJ another. The land rates classes 2 and 3, principally the 
 former. On the east the country throughout is undulating, and 
 covered with small poplar and scrub. The land has a gradually 
 lowering rate, from class 1 in Section 1, to class 3 in 36.— G? 6 
 Rainboth, 1881. 
 
 *Sw6v/£j)/.s«o«.— Traversed by a branch of the White Sand 
 River and a smaller stream The soil is sandy, and there is a 
 good deal of buf-h ; but, altogether, the township may be con- 
 sidered well adapted lor grazing.—/. Traynor, 1881. 
 
 . Outlines — On the north line a long muskeg extends throughout 
 
 Section 36, and immediately west of this a belt of poplar bush. 
 
 From thence the surface is op^n, sandy prairie, for 2J miles or so, 
 
 with a few^ sand-hills on Section 35, The balance of the country 
 
 is covered with thick brush and scrub; a large marsh on 32. 
 
 The land rates class 3. Along the west boundary, going south, 
 
 the first itiilp is in thick scrub ; the next 4 miles, about half 
 
 poplar woodland and the rest open prairie ; the 6th mile, solid 
 
 poplar bush, averaging from 2 to H inches in diameter. The land 
 
 is all class 3, except on the adjoining portion of Sections 18 and 
 
 7; which XAiQ class 2. On Section 19 is a small lake, and in the 
 
 northern parts of 18 and 30 there is considerable marsh land. 
 
 The east is rough, scrubby prairie ; classes 2 to 8 ; poor country ; 
 
 alternating sandy knolls and deep marshes.— G. C. Rainboth. 1881. 
 
 99 
 
Ifc««**. We., of Second ...-«„ mn,tan.-JU„^, n eT 
 
 '*• ^/fcmwSt'&rr^^^^^^ P^P'- and 
 
 places. Devil's Creek 5 Lt S»L„ i-.u y, P"'''"' ™d some wet 
 Section 86.-4. L. flt.t/f {88^' ""'" ^ ''"«^^'^'' '=''™°'. -^^oI^eB 
 
 woodti^lilS^sSi pXliJXl^); '"» S-' 2J ->«^ i« 
 
 thence, to the end of the 4th m^P tT! "'j'" '" diameter. From 
 of gUead. averaginl eTnc CTdtmeterVLV'S' '?'' ''?''" 
 
 sT^^Sfs^?;- rmi ?3 iFF "'F-^^ ^ 
 
 is all class 8, except the eastern Ha,/ofT !"'''°L'='^5'- ^he land 
 class 2 and is crossed by a Sch of nJtfn" ,^h "^^'"^ ™tes 
 east.-P. B. Dumau, 1888 "'"^"^ ''''*• ''""ing south- 
 
 83. 
 
 i** 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 ■• A 
 
 Banqe VII. 
 
 1. Outlines. — ^The north is rolling and broken prairie, very stony. 
 On Section 32 the line spans the Souris Kiver several times, ; 
 its average width is about 30 ieet ; course, south-east. The 
 land in the valley and also that on Section 31 rates class ^, and 
 on all the other sections class 3 There is a small quantity of 
 wood in the valley, chiefly maple and elm. The south has a 
 light sandy soil ; class 2. The Short River is crossed on Section 
 2. Its width is 60 feet, and its course north-east. The west is 
 rolling and undulating, with a light sandy soil, and rates class 2, 
 except on Section 81, where it is stony in places, and rates class 3. 
 The east is class 2 in the south, and class 3 in the north, where it 
 is generally stony. On Section 1, the Short River is crossed three 
 times ; its general course is north-west ; width, 20 to 60 feet ; 
 valley partially wooded with poplar, elm and brush. On 25 the 
 line is crossed a number of times by the Souris River and a tribu- 
 tary of the same. The river averages about 3S feet in width ; 
 has steep banks, and the valley is partially wooded with elm» 
 
 . ash, maple and poplar. Sutherland's lignite mine is in the south 
 part of this section Two small watercourses occur on Section 
 24, and there is also one on the north of 13, bat they were dry in 
 October.— IT. Pearce, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.- Undulating prairie, with good soil. The 
 Souris River runs through its north end, and a creek, having 
 a branch, through the east side. The banks of these are rocky, 
 with veins of lignite, and fringed with wood. — Sinclair and 
 Francis, 1881, 
 
 2. Outlines — The north is hilly prairie, with a few ponds. Soil, 
 class 2. On the west. Sections 6 and 7 are broken by the 
 valley of the Souris River, The stream is 30 feet wide and 
 wooded along the banks by a few elms and maples. A large 
 lagoon lies some distance south of the river. Thus far the land 
 rates class 8 and is stony on the hill tops. From thence north- 
 wards it is rolling prairie, with a light soil. The east rates 
 class 2, ex'-ept on Section 1, where it is class 3. The soil is light 
 and the surface rolling prairie, excepting 36, which is hilly. No 
 wood except on the Souris and very little surfa^-i water.— PT. 
 Pearce, 18M0. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is worthless for either farming or grazing 
 purposes. Lignite was found in different places, particularly in 
 the southern part, where the seams are thicker and the lignite 
 less friable than in most cases.— il. L. Poudrier, 1881. 
 
 3. Outlines— klong the north, Section 32, the adjoining half of 81 
 and the western half of 86, rate clasp 1, and the rest of the land 
 class 2. The soil a light clay loam on all except the two eastern 
 sections, where it is black clay. The west has a light gravelly 
 
4 
 
 To.n.Mp, WeU of Second „,,,„ ../-„V.„„._^,^. yQ ^ 
 
 loani soil • class 2 TJi * i. 
 
 class 2. Small marshes occur at loL^- f^^^'^}^ ^^^^ ^oam soil - 
 a hght gravelly clay loar:oTlia^ . The south has' 
 
 menttn'Scount of ^L^^poo^^^^^^^^^ 7^" ««ited for settle- 
 
 Soil, generally very hard and <.CeTlv^ ^'""^ ^^''^^^ ^^ ^^^^ber. 
 ^. A. Carbert, 1881. gravelly , second and third class.— 
 
 a'^nd't feT/smalT'ponL '''^^'^^ ^^^^ °^any marshes 
 
 -bsoil. The land r'atL'dasS^tn^^^^^^^^ 
 
 The west is rollinff nrairip wi^iT McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 hard and stony. The f, J^! n T *^ «^ gravelly soil, ffeuerallv 
 Section 31. anS thit the'r^p^rd^L^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 3. One or more small marshe^ oc Jur on e vPr^ ''\ ■' ^^^"^ ^^*« ^^^ass 
 Sections I, 25 36 anH .^"^'''^rS'*^. °» every section. Onthppa«f 
 
 class 1, and tttmldtoflCffi TT ii '' -^ 24 ^te' 
 -'ng prairie, and the soil graAilly ^^^^ tt f ' ^t ^^^^"^^^ '^ ^oll- 
 sections where it is a bifcrclavloam < ^n'^'' ^^^ *^« ^^^tliern 
 intervals all along the linp ''m/j^^P- ^«»all marshes occur at 
 „ 'S«6-rf^.^•,,•J.?:S^e Iv •? T T^d—T. S. Gore, 1881 
 ^- Burnet, 1881 ' "^^^^^ '°^^' ^^^^^^ by stony knolls.! 
 
 "'' ^^:^:Z^::^:Tt^' of undulating and rolling 
 1, and the two intm enTnl Jectfon^ T ^i' ^'^' ^^"'^^ ^6 rate clasf 
 tions of 19 and 30 rate clafs 1 the two'' \ ^^' ^"^'^^^^^ P^'" 
 and what remains 2 SoV« ^ southern sections 1 and 2 
 on Section 1 the?e are many pTuds^'of """''.^'^ "^^ numerous, and 
 more level and has also a g^^d so5 Z'tf ""^^T . ^^' «^«t i« 
 of Section 1. adjoining theTtter rate r.1«l f ^^ ^? ^'^^ ^^'^ ^alf 
 land class 2. On the^entral part of n r ^' ^^.^ ^^'^ ^^^^ of the 
 . rods wide on the line, and on thenoVh i i/ T.^f"'^'^*^ "^^^'^b, 96 
 
 northern part hy a fcaranft^si^^^^^^^ *^e 
 
 agricultural township I^enerally ^^^^./''^ ^u^ marshes.' Good 
 out. Along the firs tCe S« n-o," "?*^'' °^^« ^ through- 
 marshes and a few ^onds ' On' tlT^elt\Ti "^^^ "^^" A 
 along the first two miles o-oinc; -!.,^f ' , ^^J^^ ^^^'^s class 1 
 distance from thence Id cTassfs Tand' 9 .i? ^^^^ an equal 
 sections. Three meadows on SectTon IQ T ^^^ *^° southern 
 
 on 18, and a narrow l^e on 12 On K^""^ ^"^ * ^^^ ^^^^^es 
 adjoining halves of Sections lo^nrJiQ u T^' excepting the 
 
 land is all class 1. There are tmil ""^ n^' "^^'^ ^' ^^« 
 Fawcett, 1881. * number of small marshes.-r. 
 
 Sub-Division.— AU nnriniof.- • • 
 
 ^P.a. bush Wen ruit.d-H;;;s «=«.Xd w'^i^^oS:: 
 
M 
 
 i' 
 
 to Townships West of Second Initial Meridian— Ran gd VII 
 
 able by digging a few feet down. Soil principally a clay loam, 
 but some sandy loam, with a very rich clay subsoil and some 
 limestone gravel ; first and second class. — D. C. O'Keeffe, 1881. 
 
 "7, Outlines. — On the boundaries the surface is all rolling and undu- 
 lating, and the soil a clay loam. On the north, Sec^tions 35 and 
 86 are class 1 The balance rates class 2, except on th*^ eastern 
 half of Section 31, where it is again class 1. On the western 
 half of the latter is a lake 17'49 chains wide and about 3| feet 
 deep, the water of which is slightly alk.ilino. There is some 
 marsh land on Section 82, a hay marsh of some extent on the 
 ■western part of 33 and an alkaline meadow on the east of 84. 
 The west is mostly class 1. Section 31, however, is somewhat 
 hilly, and, together with the adjoining half of 30 and the south 
 ^ half of *7, rate class 2. Section 1 rates classes 1 and 2. JSear the 
 north of 30 is a shaliovr lake. Small swamps, marshes or mea- 
 dows occur on all the other sections, except 19. The east is 
 class 1. A large marsh extends from the middle of Section 24 to 
 about 40 rods into Section 13. On the south half of the former 
 is a meadow and a pond. On the adjoining parts of 1 and 12 is 
 some good hay land. — I. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Eolling prairie. The soil is a sandy and clay 
 loam, of good quality. Plenty of hay and water in the marshes. 
 — S. C. Brodie, 1881. 
 
 S. Outlines — The north is level prairie, class 2. On Section 34 is a 
 lake 1340 chains wide. Two large lakes lie immediately north 
 of the line opposite Sections 33 and 35.— O /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Lndulating surface. Contains a large percentage of good 
 land. The soil is generally a clay loam on a clay subsoil. The 
 west is hilly in the north, rolling and undulating in the south. 
 Sections 6, 18 and the southern portions of 7 and 19 rate class 1, 
 and what remains class 2. Between Sections 6 and 7 is a small 
 lake, most of which lies west of the line. Ponds or small marshes 
 occur on all the spctions. An old cart trail crosses Section ?0. 
 On the east, S^f-ctions 25, 18, 12 and the south half of 1 rate class 1, 
 and the balance of the land class 2. Meadows or marshes occur 
 on every section except 13. — T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level prairie. The soil is a sandy loam. It 
 is dry and free from ponds. — J. Stewart, 1881. 
 
 O. Outlines. — Is generally open, rolling prairie, except the north-east 
 corner, which is somewhat broken by the western base of Moose 
 Mountain (\7hich is densely wooded) and by Moose Mountain 
 Creek, a slow and sluggish stream. The soil is a fair sandy loam. 
 The whole of Section 36 and the easterly two-thirds of Section 86 
 are in an Indian Reserve. Good farming and grazing land.— J. 
 G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 On the south the soil is well adapted for cultivation. Lakes 
 on Sections 2 and 4, and small scattered marshes along the line. 
 No wood.— O. J Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Moose Mountain Creek runs through the north- 
 
^«A.>. West of Second fnUial mnUian-^j^ngc Yll 
 
 n 
 
 10. 
 
 asi^A- s=,-SiF™s i = "-■£ t! 
 
 0«</iV,e,__The easterly two tiers nf c r 
 Reserve and in the njose Mo^n ,in Th^"''' T '"^ «» ^^dian 
 gradually merges into rolling; pra^^^^^^ west of this 
 
 flowing diagonally across thf S IT , °''^ Mountain Creek 
 slow and the baliks ]o'w iTlZ KT"^^^^'' ^^e currents 
 
 Inbdi -'*''' ^^^^ ^°''^" ■^''^^^' ^^ *^^ 
 
 which'islom^^elofl^^af^^^^^^^ 'J',?^ *^*^ north-east portion 
 serve of Oceai Man^ Cnl tl' ^•^'"'' "f^^^5^ ^^^^ren. ?he re- 
 sections on the east of fhp .1 \''' "^^'"^^ ^11 of two tiers Tf 
 suited for grazinT thfn ^ricuTtut^' s"^l"^ '' ^-er'n/^b'tel 
 
 M. Outlines. — The south «ac+ 
 
 Moose Mounwr'ThT'Cnshin"- " ""' "r"""" foo' slopes of 
 which contains some noZr .i"^: ' -S™"""* ^^ ^ <le«P ravLe 
 
 lair. In the mountain there is nlpnfJTfp T- ^ rolling, and the soil 
 
 andgullies"^r.^Sr!rd"r;re"'r ^^ \— us swamps 
 ar and willows, from 2 I 4 nches i^ 7 ^'''''^'' ^^ ^^^'-^^^ POP- 
 1«82, most of the swamps and 2.^ diameter. In September 
 easily be obtained by dSnt . f?*'t'! '^''*^ ^ry. r^^ter can 
 and yellow loam. J^S^Vj^l '^^- o«^^^- ^^n^y. gravel?^ 
 second class, with som^Sft i'^^^/^'^^S to 8 inchVsrch^efl^ 
 la. 0«,V.-.,...-North-hi!h ^' :~-^"'''''' "^'^ ^^>A^'«^, 1882. "^ 
 Soil, sandy loam anfsome 4?e7'"ol' "'''T'''^ ^^^ ^^^mps. 
 ?^'T';J^" <^entral part of ^fc "on «-> '^!^«« ^ /"^ 2. 4 ravine 
 • a fre6^,, 1881. "^tction 8o. Good farming land—/ 
 
 ^^ S^-S:^:!!K£i!^;:;^^ -- -c. . a. ..„ ^ss. 
 
 hese contain good fresh vs^tor ^ iimh '' f ^'''' ^^^''^^^^^^ and 
 
 loam, mi.ed very much wkh J^avT^'V'''''''- ^'^"^1. a clay 
 
 class.-^. a Caddy, 1881. ^ ^ "' P^^^''^^^^ uniformly first 
 Outlines. — North o..w.f j 
 
 ?«mer„„s marsts Soifa J„d'^l;f''i'^-'''''"»e ?»'«■ with 
 m places,-^. /?. Cotton {k\ ^^ ''""°' ^»»ewhat gravelly 
 
 en, p'o^fit'iS;"''Trr^r/-:!« i..-'; ';-r7 el.y. The south, 
 will prodnce good crops^ lie northern ",f ? ? g^»™llyclay, and 
 Surface, undulating prairie, andd;!-" S^.ffr,^ ■='"? «»"" 
 
 1» 
 
72 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian— Range VII. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling or iindulating prairie, very much 
 broken by numerous small ponds and hay swamps, and a few 
 small hills. The nearest wood is at a distance of 12 or 15 miles, 
 in a direction east and south-east. There are a few small creeks, 
 which dry up during the summer, and several small gullies, aver- 
 aging in depth between 10 and 25 feet. Soil, generally good, 
 white clay and sandy loam, about 10 or 12 inches deep ; chiefly 
 second-class, with some first and third — Dumais and Michaud, 
 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines — Rolling prairie on all boundaries, with numerous small 
 marshes, and, along the east and west sides, occasional ponds. A 
 few patches of wood occur in the north-east. The soil is of good 
 quality, and is generally eandy loam in the south, and clay loam 
 in the north, with an admixture of gravel ; ranks classes 1 and 2, 
 and is fair farming land.— ^1. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, very much broken by hay 
 swamps, marshes and ponds, Nnraerous patches ot poplar and 
 willow occur, of dimensions fit for fuel, especially in the north 
 part u^' Section 34. Cxood water can be had almost everywhere by 
 sinking a few feet. Soil, clay loam, frcin 6 to 12 inches deep, with 
 a clay subsoil ; second and third clats. — Dumais and Michaud, 
 1882. 
 
 15. Outlines — North - rolling prairie, with bluffs of poplar Soil is * 
 clay loam ; class 1. A watercourse with steep banks in the south 
 half of Section 31 Numerous marshes and ponds in Sections 31, 
 32 and -^8. A creek crosses the north half ot Section 3i, which 
 has a marshy valley. East — level prairie, with bluffs of poplar. 
 Soil, clay loam, and class 1. — A. C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 The northern part is broken by a range of gravelly hills, ex- 
 tending about two miles to the south of the northern boundary. 
 The southern part is much better land, comparatively level. On 
 the south line is an immense swamp or marsh covering an area of 
 4 miles on each sidi^ of the line. There are some excellent grass 
 lands in this township.— .7. G. Sin^r, 1882. 
 
 Stjb-di vision.— Thickly covered with islands of poplar and 
 willow. The soil is a rich, clay loam. The water in th'^ swamps 
 is fresh and good. There two small lakes. This township is well 
 adapted for settlement. — Burchill and Davis, 1881. 
 
 Outlines. — The north is dry, rolling prairie ; very little surface 
 water ; a creek in Section 36 ; soil good ; class 1. — W. Pearce, 
 1881. 
 
 Is composed of some very good farming land. A portion of 
 township is ranked class 3 on account ot the soil being very 
 gravelly and stony, and producing a very poor growth of grass. 
 The surface is also very knolly and brokiw, particularly along the 
 southern boundary. — /. G. Sing, 18h2 . 
 
 The east is roiling prairie, with bluffs of poplar and willow ; 
 some places are stony. The poplar is from to 10 inches in 
 diameter. Soil, sandy clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. A watercourse 
 in Section 86 and several marshes and ponds. A range of hills 
 
 16 
 
ir 
 
 i». 
 
 T«,,.*,>. ^«, „^ secona Initial M.i,i.^ ^j^n,. V,r ,« 
 
 .S'«6-rfi„e„-o«.-Traverspd W .? "^r"^^- ^- Thomson, 1881 
 expands into lakes and C^he^^u*^? ^^P««^»e Creek which 
 rather rough. On the Tuth 'idl «. ?h '' ^'^^y,&°od, although 
 clump of tr.es. and others are scaUered I'1 }^''' '' ^ ^^^^7 
 6. L. Brabazon, 1882. scattered about the township.-! 
 
 oteSi^iTtu^^^^^^ St~'""^."^P^^^'"«' possessing a soil 
 
 this boundary, the first two mi esa^P 1 ^ ^'"^TS^^^ff south on 
 lent soil, class 1 ; then the sn^ i !, ^^^®^' *»^ ^^-onsiyt of excel- 
 
 2. and in the last twTmiLtLt T'' ^^'"^ '" ^^"'"^ ^^^"^^^ 
 occas^oual marshes, incTea ng in ,reo^^^^^^^^^ bInfFs and 
 
 East-gomg north on this boundlrv^or tw "' *^ ^?'* half mile, 
 ^o. 1 soil and many grass meadnw7o , ^"^ ""^^^ ^^^re is a Qne 
 becomes drier and poorer and arlvpT ^'^^^^^ = ^^^n the land 
 
 ''^^^^^rri^^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^"^^-^^^■ 
 
 ^^^^^^^!^:^^J^:^^^ -ellent. Well 
 
 J^S^rinTe^-^^^^^ undulating sur- 
 
 consists of an excelled soH. but ^ratdTh^ ^''i' '.""""^P^ ^^^ 
 —T. Kams, 1881. ^^^' ^'^^ ^^e grade about class 2 
 
 """^pS^f^f-"^^^^^^^^ prairie, dotted with 
 
 of Section 81, which is bXn bv timK^H"° ^^" ^^'^'^^ half 
 and rugged. The land rales cLs 2 ^n'''^''"''^^^^^' ^^ry steep 
 '^ Tv ^- ^^^^"'/^*^'. 1«80 ^' ^° '"^^^^« water along the 
 
 town!2ll;^ifaSraV^L\^^^^^^^^^ of poplar. This 
 
 dozen of sections. The soU^ro^go'd'oual trf ^/^^'^ ^^^'" 
 
 ^«6.rf^t^,,-o«.__XJndulating Srie 1 fC^; f ''^^'' ^^^l. 
 Willow and poplar, broken bf S\\nui ^i^l^*^' °^' l»%h 
 Soil, class 2- jr.««rf/) £,a4 1881. ^ ^""^ ^'^^ ra^rsh^s. 
 
 Outlines. — Broken hillTr o« i 
 
 The Pheasant Hill coun? y LrSw'i^Xf ""1'"'^ " g'X'd'^sou' 
 The. . abundance of waLi^pS-^'^.^/^h^d^is wooded. 
 
 ship f^^ttT;;:^'' ^i;f Si!: ^/z™"' "■--«» '»i3 tol' 
 
 f.h'Jl'^e, ""'."' -d the vatv^lil'' /'™r «? ■''■""'-OO feet 
 1-.. ^ .„. .alley ia of exoelW. q»alYty;bnr;VSZ"„f''surve; 
 
 a». 
 
I 
 
 t4 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Rang* VII. 
 
 much of it was flooded. The land throughout the township is 
 generally of fair quality, ranking from class 1 to 8. Plenty of 
 poplar for fuel and fencing purposes is found in bluffs thronghoat 
 the township. Two large lakes in the north-west portion contain, 
 good water.— A //«»*«/, 1882. 
 
 20. Outlines. — The north contains very good soil and is well watered* 
 The western part of the township lies in the rise of country known 
 as the Pheasant Hills, which simply form a gradual rise for 6 
 miles on their eastern slope, beyond which are numerous depres> 
 sions filled with water. These hills are thickly dotted with 
 second growth poplar and dense willows, and about 40 per cent, 
 of the soil is first-class. — G. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — The surface is rolling prairie ; numerous hay 
 marshes and islands of poplar. The soil is, in many places, 
 gravelly and stony.— T. W. Walsh, 1881. 
 
 21. Outlines. — This township lies mostly in the IPheasant Hill coun- 
 try ; has plenty of water in the north-east half, drainage from the 
 elevated portions. The surface is chiefly heavily rolling, and 
 about 40 per cent, of the soil is first-class. There are numerous 
 poplar bluffs and dense willows. Open prairie and wooded coun- 
 try form about equal p jportions — C. F Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Un the east slope of the Pheasant Hills. The 
 north-east portii n of the township is mostly prairie, with rich 
 soil. The remainder is covered with woods and sloughs. 
 Pearl River flows through. The plateau between the river and 
 Surprise Lake is described as excellent farming land. — H. Wilson^ 
 1881. 
 
 22. Outlines.— The north is principally high rolling prairie, with 
 many hay marshes and gravelly ridges. The soil is gravelly and 
 the land rates class 2. The line is twice crossed on Section 32, 
 and once near the eastern limit of 3 1, by a clear and rapid stream, 
 flowing south-east, along which there are several mill-sites — W. 
 T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Along the west and east boundaries the soil is sandy, gravelly 
 and third class ; but well watered.~0. F. Miles, 1^81. 
 
 Sub-division. — The greater portion of this township is rolling 
 prairie, well watered by the Little Cut Arm and otl;. u small 
 creeks. The soil is light and gravelly.— i2. A. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 2S Outlines. — The greater part of the north line is situated in the 
 Beaver Hills. The land is rolling, and intersected from the north- 
 west by 3 creeks, of an averag*- width of 25 links. The soil is a 
 good clay loam, class 1, and largely covered with timber, generally 
 suitable for building purposes, a portion of the trail from 
 Qu' A ppelle to Kort Pelly crosses the north- west part. — JJ. Burrows, 
 1882 
 
 The west is prairie, with scattered poplar and willow, and 
 numerous marshes and ponds. Soil good, and class 1. A creek, 
 with marshy shores, crosses the north half of Section 13. On 
 the east there are numerous ponds and marshes. Soil good, and 
 class 1. A cart trail crosses Section 25, nxi^ a creek with marshy 
 
^^^'Kips W.^ ^ Second InitUi Meridian.- E.n,eY II. 
 
 7S 
 
 24. 
 
 to the south-east. It is wafpr!5 k ^^^^^^^''^ part slopes ffentlf 
 few large swamps a,!d"sor Si 41^'!^^^^^^^ 'I^eTe'l 
 m the northern part._C. E. LeMoile I8g2 *'^ * ^^''^ ''"^«'« 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 / 
 
 Oumnes^The north is rnii '• '^• 
 
 and marshes, Ld't e"w?ti ^cmT'/r*^^ ^IJ^^^^ ^^ P-^^- 
 
 The soil ,s a rich claypy loam cLs ['41.^1^ and largo poplar. 
 
 ^ T^^* "n"?"'^^' ^^««««« Section Is and. n ^;?^?^^ ^^'«P- ^itl» 
 pelle to Pel y, Section 88 A n^fi?' ? ''^^^ *^*'^ ^rom Qu'Ad- 
 
 Section 31. Jt. ^!i:'«. tsSO^^^ "^^^' "°^^"^ north, Ijr^ssL 
 
 small Jar^h^l^- ^^ndl'^retiMs' "!i^^",' ^^ ~- 
 with high banks Jows through SpnH ^""ii ^^*'" ^- ^ creek, 
 pod A cart trail erodes thrfineln'r^-^'' .1^ ^"^ ^ ' ^«ter 
 land.--/, L Reid, 1881 "" ^^'^^'''^ ^^ ^ &ood farming 
 
 o..eekr T£:Sl-ri^i„re,a^T^^ ''^^^^ ^7 three 
 
 and small lakes, renderinff^r,? .^^ ',•'"8" number of marshes 
 chiefly f„„rth oliss!^th"f„;'e tSw'!!^""^^',|?"-™'- sS^ 
 Oullines—FoT the fir«f 4 i • ' ^^• 
 
 of solid woodland ,altenia^nl''w^?>f^ f'*' /^^ country consiets 
 together with the two ™ma?Sn^ « .'°*''^^^' ^^ P^^^"'' ^^^ 
 dotted over with clumpsTfToX tC' %' ^"^y ^^^'^'^'^y, a^ 
 the soil generally excellent A f • t ? '""'^^^^ '« tmeveA, and 
 River flows south^eXly into sit oi^?^^^^ f *^^ ^^i*« SaSd 
 on 36. Another stream isVWsed oi 31 5^ nT'^^'*^^ *^« ^^^« 
 
 marshes, containing good ^S'Two"" ^7 numerous lakes and 
 siiip. The soil is a^ rkh sidy loaj Th^'^' 'T'''' '^' *^^'^- 
 and much of it is large enou/h fo^hJu *'°'^'' ''^ abundant. 
 stem and Small, 1882. ^ buildmg purposes ^Reiffen- 
 
 a'JrunZrrls^^ poplar and 
 
 IS a large lake on .Section 35 contanTno- ^""'i '^^'' ^- ^here 
 crosses .Section 34 and the east halflf s ? ^°oo^ ''^^*"''- ^ ^reek 
 west. It is 15 links wide 2 feet 11^ ^\T ^^' ^"^ ^^«^« "«^tl»- 
 sandy bottom ; hi-^h hills'on o fV ^•'.'^'^?.^ ^*'°»^? current and 
 thick poplar b ish 6 incL in j^^ ' "'^ ^^ ^*- ^'^^ west has 
 brush, aid some slash i.^^ltnn'';' ^^i** ^^^^^^ ^^ willow 
 one creek on ^oetion SiyCln^ sS J^^ "^r^^«- There is 
 
 ^^ -ling p-irie;with7os;if^:S:is:^ha.e?^iC 
 
as. 
 
 
 2». 
 
 
 so. 
 
 Jbwnshipt Weit of Second lm**iU Mendian.—Eangt VII. 
 
 and scrub, and numerous marshes. Soil, classes 2 and 8. A 
 creek, 10 links wide, strong current and a sandy bottom, crosses 
 Section 86. There is quite a large lake in Section 12, from which 
 a creek takes its rise. This creek is 10 links wide, 1 foot deep and 
 strong current.— (?. C Rainboih, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Thickly covered with whito ind black poplar 
 and balm of gilead and thick willows. Soiiiu ol the trees are 16 
 inches in diameter The White Sand River runs through. There 
 are a great many small marshes— J. J. McKenna, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— The west lies partly in the Beaver Hill country and 
 has abundance of heavy poplar with thick underbrush 'T'h re 
 are also numerous ponds and marshes, and a nuu.ijer ot good 
 creeks, tributaries to the White Sand River One of these creeks 
 crosses Section 24, having at this point a width of 26 links and a 
 depth ot 3 feet, with a swift current. These join the White Sand 
 Eiver in the vicinity of the east boundary. This river crosses the 
 north-east corner of the township, flowing south-easterly. It has 
 a strong current, is 2J chains wide and from 8 to 10 feet deep in 
 
 the middle ; high banks on either side. A high range of hills 
 cross the south half of Section 1. In the valley of these hills is a 
 creek flowing north-east. It is 20 links wide, IJ feet deep, with 
 a sandy bottom ; current strong. Much of the township is unfit 
 for settlement, as it is entirely covered by bush and scrub. It is 
 also rough and greatly cut up by ravines and river and creek 
 valleys.— (?. C. Bainbofh, 1881. 
 
 Svb-division. — Broken by sandy ridges and numerous marshes 
 and ponds ; sandy soil ; well watered ; adapted for grazing — 
 /. Trat/nor, 1881. 
 
 Outlines. — Along the north there are some poplars, and on all the 
 boundaries there is a large quantity of small poplar and scrub 
 underbrush. The south-west of the township slopes to the 
 Beaver Hill country, and is furrowed by the White Sand River 
 and several tributaries thereof, which wind along deep ravines. 
 One of these streams crosses Section G, and another Section 30 ; 
 both have a rapid current, clear water and stony bed. The river 
 crosses the township diagonally from the north-west, and has a 
 very rapid current. Along the east and north there are numerous 
 marshes, and on Sections 6 and 7 there are some large ones. There 
 is a lake on Section 24. The township has some fair, open places, 
 but is generally not inviting, and rates classes 2 to 3.— G*. C. Rain- 
 both, 1881. 
 
 OM//m«s.— Northwards there is heavy poplar, with poplar and wil- 
 low scrub, some of the poplar averaging from 10 to 16 inches in 
 diameter. Numerous marshes were crossed. There is a range of 
 gravelly ridges in the north-east corner of Section 85. With this 
 exception, the land is all class 1.— il. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 The west line is entirely covered with scrub, and there are 
 some marshes of large size. Class 3. A small creek enters the 
 north of Section 6, with a slow current. There is also a lake on 
 s jws., .„ ^li^ ^.oinDc \ji. luc TV uiiu ouiiu Aiver. ine east 
 
83. 
 
 7W«*,>. We^ or Second hUM m,idian.-Rang. VII W 
 Sou, cl.« 8, g™™i,y i„ p,,»^'l'-g C Zlr,f 1887"° """"^ 
 
 ^^r^AliT^z. '"'fcir ■■ ""? "oi"" "»•«'. -»«»«. 
 
 alluvial soil vsrieT from 1 n^f ?« " marshes and ponds. The 
 The land is «1 cms 8 %„vil^ ?-, '"t^™ '" '^'-'P"' • ™''«»il. "C 
 half of Section 85, flotin^'ifh^'^iVrTt^L!'',;,!"'''" 
 
 :er 
 
f 1 
 
 V 'A 
 
 t 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MEKIDIAN. 
 
 Range VIII. 
 
 1. Outlines. — Tho north is level, rolliii'' and undulating. A branch 
 of the Souris River, flowing nortn-easterly through a narrow 
 valley, crosses Section 88. Grass sw^amps o«cur at intervals along 
 the line. The hind rates class -3 throughout The west is roll- 
 ing prairie, without surface water. Soil, class 2. The east is 
 rolling and undulating. The land rates class 2, except on Section 
 86, where it is class 8, the soil being generally light and sandy. 
 Surface water is scarce There is no wood in the township, 
 except some along the river. The south is rolling prairie ; soil, 
 class 2. A branch of the Souris River is crossed three times on 
 Section (>. Its width is from 13 to 80 feet and its couise north- 
 east.— IT. Pearce, 1880. 
 
 The west is undulating prairie. Numerous swamps and 
 marshes were crossed, containing water. Soil, clay loiim with 
 clay subsoil, stony in places; classes 1 and 2. A small creek 
 crosses the south half of Section 30. Good farming land. — /, 
 McLalchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-(livisi(iH. — Rolling prairie, with good average soil. A 
 branch of the Souris River runs through from south to north. Its 
 banks are lined with brush and clumps of elm, poplar and ash. 
 Hops and plum trees abound in great luxuriance. Lignite was 
 found lying along the sides of ravines. — Sinclair ami Francis, 
 1881. 
 
 S. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie, without wood or water. 
 Soil, class 2. On the east, Sections 1 and 12 are crossed by the 
 valley of the Souris River ; it is 30 feet wide, and wooded along 
 the banks by a few elms and maples. Some distance south of the 
 river is a large lagoon. Thus far the land rates class 3, and is 
 stony on the hill-tops. From thence, northward, it is rolling 
 prairie, with a light sandy soil ; class 2. Water scarce ; no wood. 
 On the west the surface is generally rolling and stony prairie ; 
 but Sections 19 and 80 are somewhat broken, the former by the 
 Souris River, 20 feet wide, slow current, courne east. The land 
 along its banks is low. and is flooded at high water. This 
 country ratf^s class 3.— PF. Pea,rce, 1880. 
 
 West— rolling prairie, numerous swamps and hay marshes. 
 Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 8 ; stony in 
 places. A small creek crosses the south quarter of Section 6. 
 Section 10 is greatly broken by hills and ravines, which slope 
 towards a coulee in the central'part. This coulee has broken and 
 sinuous banks, and carries the Souris River, a fresh water stream, 
 bordered with good hay land. Section 30 is greatly broken by 
 hills; some ot them are 150 feet in height. Section 31 is also 
 broken by hills. Good farming land, but a little stony.—/. Mc 
 
 L&tchlc, 1.08I. 
 
 ■V 
 
T» 
 
 S 
 
 To«n.Mp. Wen of S,can4 InUM U.ridian.-S...,, Vm. 
 brow'- Th™''.r7&, "jrir .^'. ,'» P'ac,.,, very „.J 
 
 Section 16. This river How, a< rm. ?L ', '' -"u!"" "»>' »<"">» i" 
 direction. Tlie aoiU., i m',,; pl'ts . r''''''''', '" "» ""'"'7 
 third dM«.-yWrf,«,'„„rf /."m'l^S, '"-"y. «n<l is second onS 
 
 ^"'y^^'^^'^^Z^^V '"am soil, e,„™ 
 JVOO.I and very litUe a^ri.ct wa'^er^lX^^lX'- J:''^''^ ° 
 
 andp'^J^hroVgra w'ia!;d''iS rj"" V-r'-' »( marehes 
 subBoil. The «ajoinin/|« OU.S of V '^™«'"''''' "'"y '"am on clay 
 of 19 and the l^x&V^lZllu^^^'^\r'^^''^ ">« """'^ 
 olasu 2. -/. M.:L„U:hie, 1881. '' ""* ""= ™' »f "le land 
 
 ma,itt;f;:,;;^a"tVeTnS'dev:^'' )'f'l "^ •^-^^ »d 
 
 the land rates dar2e"ce; Seotion-twh'" S'?''™!''' »'<">y »^d 
 iateAi-e, 1881. "^ otction 6, where it is class l.—J. Mc- 
 
 and.s^Sn;."'Th "ilidfs&s^^'i* «?T^"^ "'"■ «^'"'™"y hard 
 86 and th'e northern pS " 'il'S 2' Tw^^^K"^ («"'■«» 
 One or more small marshes oec„r"ontel'y slctUt j'X^' 
 
 -i-.XS; l^r '^""''' -»" S-d soil. A little stony in place,.' 
 
 *■ suS:7cftTe?XVnds \tltTL ™;! ^°°''7«'- ^ »»«'»'''«■.? 
 
 township generally'^ The „Jrthha?A7' "i"' ^ood agricultur^ 
 there are a number of t,~.J° j'"='"y'<"'°' soil, c ass l.and 
 
 miles, going east The ea^Tat 7^ "t^V' ''°"8 ""' 8"*^* 
 of 24 and 26 rate class 1 the t«^ ^^y '^ '??" '""• ««»«<"■* 
 2. and what remains 'class 2 £T "'"'"""i' '=''""'«» 1 "n-i 
 numerous, and on Sect on 1 fl, ■"""'•ows and marshes- are 
 
 «o wood on either ^1^. tj^X'S^ "^""^^ °'^'"" -'- 
 Soil, a ^Zlt r;£i»f/;S;%SJi,-''?Lr^" -'-"es. 
 
 ]-y^m<^dt^rnd-^:S.P™^^^^^^ of smaU 
 
iW Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^ VIII. 
 
 6 Outlines. — Excellent soil ; abundant and good water ; undulating 
 surface ; scattered ponds and marshes, and good agricultural town- 
 ship. The soil is generally clay loam ; class 1 throughout the 
 north, and on the east, class 1 along the first 2 miles, going south ; 
 class 2 over ian equal distance from thence ; and classes 1 and 2 
 ou the southern sections. Three meadows are crossed on Section 
 25 ; a large pond and a couple of marshes on 13 ; and a nairow 
 lake on 12. No wood on any of the lines surveyed. — T Fawcett, 
 1881. 
 
 The west is undulating prairie, with many marshes and 
 patches of good hay land. Soil, clay loam, over clay. On the 
 north half of Section 31 the line crosses a creek. The land is all 
 class 1, except the northern parts of Sections 6, 18 and 81, where 
 it is class 2. — /. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.- Undulating prairie, with some good hay land 
 and good water in creeks and ponds. There are some large hills 
 in the S.TV, part. Well suited for settlement, want of wood being 
 the only drawback. Soil, a clay loam, with clay subsoil, mixed 
 with limestone gravel ; first and second class. — D. C. O'Keeffe, 
 1881. 
 
 7. Outlines.— JJnduMing prairie, containing a large percentage 
 of good land. The surface soil is clay loam of greater or less 
 thickness on a subsoil of clay. The three north-eastern sections 
 rate class 1 ; Section 33, class 2 ; and the balance of the north 
 classes 1 and 2. On the eastern half of Section 8 i, some (distance 
 south of the line, is a lake. There are a number of small mea- 
 dows and marshes. On the east. Section 36, is somewhat hilly 
 and, together with the adjoining half of 25, and the south half of 
 12, rates class 2. Section 1 rates classes I and 2, and in the south 
 part is a large grassy pond. Near the north-east corner of 25 is a 
 shallow lake a little west of the line. Small swamps, marshes, or 
 meadows, occur on all the other sections except 24. — T. Fawcett, 
 1881. .^ , 
 
 West— undulating and level prairie, with a good soil, and 
 fairly supplied with small spring marshes. No wood. — O. J. 
 Ktotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, wit h a few marshes. The sou 
 is a rich, sandy loam. Water is abundant and good. — S. Brodie, 
 1881. 
 
 8. Outlines.— The north is prairie, undulating in the west and level 
 in the east ; class 2 thioughout. Small marshes occur all along 
 the line. Moose Mountain trail crosses Sections 81 and 32. The 
 west is undulating prairie ; soil CKoellent ; a few small marshes. 
 No wood.— O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Undulating prairie, and containing a large percentage of good 
 land. The subsoil is generally of a clayey nature and tne surface 
 loam, of greater or less thickness ; is very good. On the east- 
 Sections 1, 13 and the southern portions 0^12 and 24 rate class 1, 
 and what remains class 2. Between Sections 1 and 12 is a small 
 lake. There are also a couple of marshes on the latter section, and 
 a large pond. Three large ponds occur on 36 and one or two 
 
lO. 
 
 n,.nM,, We., .., Seoana,, ,,„■„, M.nii„.^s,^, Till 81 
 
 '^tZTuXl *" "" ^'^ '™" «— the ,a«er section.- 
 
 Subdivision — The pnsforn k„ip • n. 
 prame, covered with spear ^i'TL""^^^' "'"f-'ainder level 
 wlute clay subsoil. There ?s^ L»n I i ''. " """"y I"*™, with 
 of Sections U, 12, ,8 ^r^i U t-Ttl^art^Ll^ ""''' "^ ^^ 
 ^. Outlines. — Thp Tir.,.fk j , 
 
 rolling prairie The soZ. .T' """= ^^ »"™yed over onen 
 
 good fi.rn.ing or g™li:,°^'>ll3.iT&'S 'S' "-"^'^ "'-^" 
 West and south —in +1,-, o • 4^, .^^ i>i^\. 
 
 containing numerous s^^ht'deSioi^^^l^ ^ '''''' ^^^^^^y, but 
 
 summer. The soil is excellent /or fl"^^'!^ ^'^ «»^^«hy i^ early 
 
 running streams nor timber Moose m'''^ ^"* *^^^« «^« neither 
 
 sJ'~~^''- ^'''^ 'SS'I- ^«^»t^n trail is crossed on 
 
 large l'aktTr;mS*l>Lrfnd''*^f' ^"^ "''^^^^^^ «^« ^ery 
 smaller ones. The water ^nthe^^l I ^'^^ "'"«^' besides many 
 that there is no outH and no m neral'f '\ ^''^ ^""^' considerinj 
 source of supply, therefore ^^ Zt ^l\^ "^^ Perceptible ; thl 
 unbroken hy'lhlse lakef or' marsZ ?« ^^ '^T^^' ^^^^ ^^^^ 
 black loam, with clay subsoTl Thli T^^ desiraule. Soil, a 
 second.-/. iWcJ/.7/a.«, I881 ' ^ first-class, with soie 
 
 Outlines. — North a.r\i\ t^^ai ^•^• 
 
 boundary, where it ICo^^^i'lf^^^'^'^^r^f^ong the north 
 telywest of Moose Mountain CrLi^t-^ 1^'"' '^'-S' 'mmedia- 
 crpsses the township, flow.ng "oSreast Th ''"^^ diagonally 
 Jair.-/. G. s,„;f, 1881. ^ ""• '"'^'- The soil generally is 
 
 scattered'sTot^i^dVrtSf • ,&„!,"™ V''"' ""^ " «"»' -"^r 
 
 Creek; sardr:t7n?;":'„d''hXit°tt"»« ^ *^-- Mountain 
 remainder heavily roliiiff %rl\ j "orth-west corner; the 
 
 '- With Cay suVi^,''el f ^trnd'S tSctlit^'X^^t 
 
 a^d some of its tr^u^^T^^^K^' ^'^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^reek 
 the creek is slow and its banks low L^^f^^^^P" The current of 
 a range of hills. The soil generaTlv f«^f ^T'.^ ^^ **^« <^^««k i« 
 very stony^-/. c. 5t«^, ig/r "^ '^ ^^'' ^"<^ ««me Parts are 
 
 sandy W.^'feCl^^^^^^ ^^d gravelly in the south Soil 
 
 southern limit of Sect on Ts L'dTn \^^^ «^* "«- the 
 
 an expansion of Moose Mountain Grit T^\ ^*" ^^ ^^ there is 
 banks of which are marZ No wood A^'n t .T^« ^^^«' ^^^ 
 Sitb- division —Th,'.. * ^ i • wood — ^. C. Webb, 1881 
 
 by Moose Morta,„\'rk;TS& "^H." ™"»'e,P™rie, anibrokeu 
 
 ?,wamps and marshes. Thf water i£'' ™4 " ''^^ '"'S* -''a" 
 Sllil-^'-'-i ^i'ha.gravellTt.tw'^Tl Mountain Uke anj 
 
 "'"' " ^"- ""' "■« Wfm ParTis pStrw^lTco'^^^edUfS: 
 
> 
 
 m 
 
 
 I 
 
 S2 lownships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range YIII. 
 
 hay marshes. The soil is generally dark loam, with an average 
 dept of from 6 to 10 inches, with clay subsoil. In one or two 
 places it is rather stony On the whole the township is well 
 adapted for farming, more especially for stock-raising. There is 
 no wood. — Dumais and Michaud, lb82. 
 
 12. Outlines. — The north is generally high rolling prairie, except Sec- 
 tion 86, which is low. The soil is generally sandy and gravelly ; 
 rates classes 2 and 3. On Section »2 there is a deep lake, which 
 has ravines to the east and west of it, with banks 75 feet high. 
 Between the east ravine and the lake is quite an area of good bot- 
 tom land. The lake is fed by two creeks, which enter it north of 
 the line. One of these streams is the Moose Mountain Creek, 
 whicn emerges again from the south end of the lake, and con- 
 tinues southwards through the township. The west is rolling 
 prairie, sandy and gravelly. Occasional swamps and ponds. 
 (Section 6 is crossed by Moose Mountain Creek, flowing west. Mo 
 wood.—il. (:. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Moose Mountain Creek, a sluggish stream, with low banks, 
 runs through the centre of the western half of the township. Soil, 
 fair, but dry.—/. G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with deep ravines and a few 
 small marshes, l/n the west side, Moose Mountain Creek, a good 
 stream of fresh water runs south-west. No timber whatever. Soil, 
 a rich clay loam, very mach mixed with limestone gravel, and 
 with scattered granite boulders, but first class. — E. C. Caddy^ 
 1881. 
 
 13. Outlines. — "West — rolling prairie, with occasional swamps and 
 ponds. Soil, sandy and gravelly loam. The north half of Section 
 6 is broken by a vallev, about half a mile wide, in which is a 
 creek.— il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 North and east— -rolling prairie, with many marshes and a 
 few small ponds. The soil is a good sandy loam, sometimes 
 mixed with gravel. On the eastern half of Section 32 is a creek, 
 flowing north through a deep valley, about IJ miles wide. — A, f. 
 Cotton, I9>'i\. «5j ,^.4if1 •■•••' 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, much broken by hay swamps, 
 marshes and ponds. The north-east portion is low and wet, with 
 numerous swamps. The south and west parts are dry land, 
 broken by ridges and gullies. Moose Mountain Creek crosses 
 Sections 5 and 6, in a south-easterly direction, running in a gully 
 averaging sbout 200 deep. A watercourse (dry in October, 1882,) 
 runs from north to south, in a gully tbout 160 fe«'t deep, and con- 
 nected with the creek in Section 6. Soil, of good quality through- 
 out, being a sandy and gravelly loam, with clay subsoil ; first, 
 second and third class. — Dumais and Mkhaud, 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines. — Rolling prairie, with numerous ponds and marshes. 
 Soil, generally clay loam in the north and sandy loam in the south, 
 "with an admixture of gravel. The south-western quarter is 
 broken by a valley about IJ miles wide, in which is a small 
 stream, flowing north. No wood. — A. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
88 
 
 15 
 
 broken by small lafcepla™? "n-lnlating prairie, very m„.t, 
 -■^^^Terrat^r?'^^^"'--"^ 
 
 second clasfi ^J »"^ sandy Joam, from 70 fn io • i P' *^''^^' 
 
 pond^^Lititni'^^^^^^^^^^^^ wiifcs r 
 
 S^T^Pwrrr^lt'.'-^te""^'''*-''"^ '^ -gh hill. 
 
 The east is rolling prairie TK. i • 
 -ectioa. PipesttTc :rw"tnra,fo?''' a-d^rr^hts Tr' S 
 
 1«. 
 
! ; 
 
 m 
 
 S4i Tntfrt.<kips Wtisl of Second Initial Meridian, — Range VIII 
 
 1'7. Outlines. — Rolling prairie, excellent land and soil, with scattered 
 ponds and grass swamps. The C.P R. crosses the township as 
 also does a creek flowing north to the Qu'Appelle River. Going 
 west on the north line there are in the first mile many small 
 liiarshes and a few scattered poplar bluffs ; class 2 ; then the 
 prairie becomes open, the marsh 's less frequent and the rating 
 class 1. Going north, on the (;ast boundary, the first two miles 
 are level and consist of excellent soil ; class I ; then the soil becomes 
 stony in places ; and class 2 ; and iu the last two miles there are 
 scattered poplar bluffs and occasional marshes increasing in 
 frequency in the last half mile.— T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 West — dry, level prairie, somewhat stony in the south half, 
 and class 2, but clear soil and class 1 in the north. Several 
 creeks, dry in June. — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Very level prairie. Well adapted for farmiiig. 
 Rich, deep soil ; easily drauied. — fi. C. Dawson, 1881. 
 
 NoTi. — Summerberry Station, O.P.tt., here. 
 
 18. Outlines. — This township is timbered with clumps of vrillow and 
 bluffs of poplar. The surface is undulating, except in the vicinity 
 of the Qa'Appelle River, which crosses the north-west quarter oi 
 the township. The soil is excellent and the surface is interspersed 
 with ponds and grass swamps. On cheeast there are numerous 
 ponds, small marshes and grass meadows, with occasional scat- 
 tered poplar bluffs and some willows. Tne soil is fair but wet, 
 and the grade about class 2. — T. Kains, 1381. 
 
 The west falls into the valley and ravines of the Qu'Appelle 
 River ; it is very broken and, where level, is rather stony. The 
 Qu'Appelle River crosses 19, and the valley here, wiien not too 
 wet, is very fair land. North of the river there is poplar. — W. 
 Pearct; 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Traversed by the Qu'Appelle River in a north- 
 east direction. A deep ravine, with brackish water, runs in a 
 south-west direction. Its sides are well wooded. The soil can. 
 only be regarded as second class. — W. and D. Beatty, 1881. 
 
 lOil. Outlines.— T\\e surface is rough and broken oy the valley of the 
 Qu'Appelle River and has many ravines leading into it, all of 
 which are more or less wooded. W. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Fractional township — The Qu'Appelle River crosses it and 
 breaks the surface. There are scattered bluffs of poplar. — T. Kains, 
 1881. 
 
 19. Outlines.— The north half is in the Pheasant Hill country and 
 similar to Township 20. The south half slopes to the Qu'Appelle. 
 Soil averages second class, but there is some fine land in all parts 
 of thp township.— C. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 High, dry rolling prairie, with poplar scrub and scattered 
 small marshes. The soil is generally good and rates first class 
 along the west line. — W. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — The land throughout the township is covered 
 

 30 
 
 21 
 
 'and along tho river i, ™ry ^'^I'^.'^c? St^^ "K'' ^^^ 
 
 patches of poplar and "orah Tr.tif"'^' ?'"> '^ ""red with 
 marshes.- JK j-. n„C»»» ?8^0. ^ ""^ ""* »""«" «'»tS 
 
 Hills. Thickly i'oX^ w1[h 1^^?'!!!^^-- as the PhllJar'^ 
 wih scattered large popWs wmI iJ ""^^^^ ^'^^ do'ise willow 
 
 ^'' m';"^""* 40 per cen^t Sells h.l" "''"P^^ *^« fi^^- S 
 ^- ^'^65, 1881. ^ ^'^'^' ^^lanoe second and third.-i?? 
 
 1. and consists of a clav ln«rn , ^'^^^^^ i« nearly all class 
 
 ■ anTsi "' ""» •^■"1 over 1 :.Te™f i: atoLTn'r"/ ^''' "-'^ 
 
 P"l»ar .n .he Ph?as„,.t Hm^LTT':'^;.:^!/^?- ^"'"^ '^ 
 ■ 'ho Stfd^lort^Xr-ot'^h"" °',' S^,,'"'" '•""- and oa 
 
 class but w'ntTtfrS Tu tt'o^'th","!'^' «'"'»"^ "'" third 
 of small poplar.^e. F Mil., ' ,V ^"' ■"•" "»■»««>«, Mali" 
 
 ^■-^TZ:!l^S^^[^^ r'rie; but crossed b, 
 
 current, clear water and mar«h>; .1, ' '""^' <'''>'P with a ffood 
 land rates class 1 in Sect^n ?1 .^h f' """'"^ ^«'«"i 32 The 
 of the line. The west rnsi t. of 1"'' ^ /'""*'' ""' "■"ainder 
 clay subso I. The Innn, ;. . i ","* and rich loamf soil ,.n , 
 
 -uth. but is all dairrrndr^r dt ifd" 'fr """-hi; 
 
 o'L^t r. \'.!'!.-i' » al'er?^ia7i:"1°li-,»!i'''^^^^ 
 
 8S 
 
 OnSectionl3r;hr^Vina.^^e-^^ 
 
 31 18 a sandy loam. Thet I., 2,1" ' ^^ f?^""'' ^^^ 
 fionifisun, 1880.- ---aEn;! ua smaii marshes. 
 
 ■on Section 
 
k III 
 
 • III 
 
 IMI 
 
 i 
 
 86 Townships IVexf «>/ Second h'ifini Mi'nHiiin. — l{(ias:t VIII. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, watered by Little Cut Arm 
 and several other small creeks. The soil is of excellent quality, 
 being a rich, clay loam, of considerable depth. — R.A. Wilson, ISftl'. 
 
 23. Outlines. — The north and east are prairie, with scattered poplar 
 and willow bluffs ; a great many ponds and marshes were crossed 
 containing water. A lake of considerable extent is situated in 
 the west half of Section 38. Soil good, class 1. A creek crosses 
 the north half of Section 13. Good farming land. — J. L Reid, 1881. 
 
 Westwards it is rolling prairie ; excellent soil ; all class 1 ; 
 many small meadows ; f few clumps of poplars. The Pe''^ and 
 Qu'Appelh' and the "Winnipeg and Battleford trails crc k/i. Sec- 
 tion n.—W. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 Sub-diviston.^lt is rather hilly though gently sloping south- 
 east. It has numerous swamps and lakes , bag no bush, but a 
 few high willows. There is a cart trail leading from Fort Ellice 
 to Touchwood, that crosses it frora the south-east to the north- 
 west corner The laud is good for farming. — C. E. LeMoiHc, 1882. 
 
 24. Ow^/mcsv— West— the north half of this line is in the Beaver Hills, 
 which are densely wooded with poplar 4.1ong the southern half 
 the country is rolling prairie, with an excellent soil and some fine 
 meadows. Near the edge of the woods jome small lakes occur. — 
 W. Ogilvie, 18«0. 
 
 East — the surftice has scattered poplar and willow, and 
 num*^rous small marshes and ponds. The boil is good : class 1. A 
 creek, with high banks, flows through Sections 36, 24 and 1, 
 "Water good. A cart trail crosses the north half of Sectioji 24. 
 Good farming land — /. L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — In the Beaver Hills. There is a number of 
 lakes, lakelets, marshes and creeks in this township. The timber 
 is large and abundant. The soil is rich and friable.—/ J. Burrows, 
 1882. 
 
 35. Outlines. — "West —heavy poplar woods, poplar slash and scmb. 
 Many ponds. Fair clay soil. — W. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Entirely covered with poplar, up to 10 inches 
 in diameter, and containing a large number of small lakes, render- 
 ing it unfit for agriculture. Soil, fourth class. — J. Hill, 1881. 
 
 26, Ow7/me.s.— This township lies in the eastern part of the tract of 
 country known as the Beaver Hills. The north consists of dense 
 poplar woodland, with a thick growth of underbrush, and many 
 grassy flats covered with deep water. A tributary of "White Sand 
 Kiver flows south-easterly through Section 33. West—prairie, 
 covered with burned slash, scrub and some unburnt poplar. Soil, 
 a stiff" clay ; many ponds. — W. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with numerous marshes in the 
 hollows, and one or two lakes. There is a fair quantity of poplar, 
 some of it being large enough for building purposes The soil is. 
 very good. Sore foot Creek crosses the townahip.-^Reiffenstein- 
 and Small, 1881. 
 
28 
 
 »9. 
 
 -"mn^kip. West of Becona Initio MeH,i.n-Ea„, V,„ 
 »»■. Outline, -North , . ^' ^™- *T 
 
 w.now brush, aL »Le si'asV N? '" ''""'''". "ith hazel ml 
 
 marshes. The J ■ " °"'/"' '^««'»«i there is l„i "f Section 
 JJ.««, 1876 " "" " ^""O "■"• 'te land UrdatsTlYf 
 
 £8£t fill b- U 7 • 
 
 13; it crosses The linefhr/pf ^°^^ ^^^t^^ast thro 1 = w''^ 
 
 Another sn.all creeris^'^:r\\ t ^^ ^^' ^^""^^^ «- t" 
 
 5^f '.■^'''^"^^' 188:. '*^^^'^°f Section 12,andflows 
 
 f ^i«y"p^«^^^^^^ bv sandy ridges and ' 
 
 ^- ^a^nor, 1881. Well watered. Adapted to gr^zing.^ 
 
 Outlines. — North nrin ' n 
 
 — v^.t««. crosses Sectinn i ik i • i 
 
 underbrush, and near Ihe rddl- ^^ ""P'" "'«« «'<! CTeen 
 
 The so., .s g^od and the tnd 'r'at IiZT-aT)- «°r"/"-" 
 <»"■ (>«««— West-open rollin„ ■ ''*""'*"' 1876- 
 
 «;et,ng mainly of sa^j "i'SP™™','"'"'* a very poor soil o„„ 
 streams on S«tionaord„nq :"'"=' «• ^ «'»P°-' of ^J," 
 
 leny tHird there are uumerou* 
 
 
88 TbwHships West of Second Initial Meridian —Ranf^f VIII. 
 
 small marshes and wet places ; the remainder is much dryer. On 
 Section 82 is the "White Sand River and an expansion thereof. The 
 land is all fair, and rates class 1. — A. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 East — this line is entirely covered with scrub, and there are 
 marshes of large size ; class 8. A small creek enters the north of 
 Section 1, and flows south-east through the section. The White 
 Sand Elver crosses the north-east of this township. — O. C. Rain- 
 both, 1881. ; 
 
 8J8. — Outlines. — North — dense scrub and poplar timber, with (Some 
 dead wood in the east. Numerous marshes and ponds. Alluvial 
 soil, 12 to 18 inches deep ; subsoil, clay ; class 3. — P. H. Dumais, 
 1888. 
 
TOWNSH..>S WKST OP THE SECOND miTIAL MKHIBU^. 
 
 Bajvoe IX. 
 
 ■a places. Classes 1 and 2 jtlmT' "^'l^ "'"'' ™'"°''' ^'ony 
 of «<»t.on 25. Good farmingind-^/T/Tr' \^t """"' ''»'f 
 
 «»«c;a»r a„^; Francis, 1881 "meadows ; fine larming land.- 
 
 -3. Outlines. — Thp n^^rfk j 
 
 tills are 160 feet qfi ,•« oi ^^^."^n 25 is also hi y ; Bome of ^Ha 
 
 s:r.s tr«r ^:iiSS"^CK ;r/,-n; 
 
 ;ts carrent slow and H co„rs ■ ea t Thfl "'."'i' I?""" '^ ^6 fee? 
 
 TpSL^r^" "' *"«''-" 'tti??r;Sefair/2 
 
 witl,tttcS?ni;'^« -„t^^ is ,o„d .ollin, p,,,i,, 
 
 pas urage. The Souris RiT(n- runK t)?^' ^ut would make capital 
 -Sincfair and Francu, 1887 ^^ *^' north-east quarter. 
 
 south-west corner. The land fi! ' ^"'^^^ '""»« ^^'^^si the 
 
 the river, is very stonv The sSeam %^' ^'" ^^' ^^^^^ ^^^e of 
 «^ 4 feet d'.ep.^ It has a « „i^!T ' ''^^''^ ^^'^^ ^^^^ ^'de and 3 
 
 bottom In s^ring^t'iiLdstfa'oi: vX ^t S ;^"^ ^i^^^^ 
 
 ihe east is undulatinu- nro,s.r. " -.u ^•■~^- ^ ^"^^. 1«81. 
 
 patches of good hay land C'h '^^ " T'"?^^^ ^^ «^^^«^es and 
 
 subsoil. The adjoining portbni' „f «°T''^ '^''^y loam on a clay 
 
 «f 24 and the siuth ^f'Ts .ate class t""!,";!""^ ^^' *^« ^^^th 
 
 class 2.- J. McLatchie. 1881 ^' ^''^ ^^« ^««^ «f the land 
 
 settleme;;I"tt;;r?£e ^S"^^^^^^^ "^* ^^^^ -'" ^^^Pte'i for 
 
 portion is rnuch^ broken b;\Sra:/'"^ ^"^^- '^'^« ^«^th 
 devnjd "♦' ♦i^-i--- - •• " ravines and verv Kf^nTr o'^i.-n _ 
 
 «aric-lass.-/.TcSjSl!' ''"'' ■»" ^--^Tgenemuf 
 
 % 
 
M 
 
 Tn^rnAtpi m^t of Second Initial Meridian.— Jiunge IX^ 
 
 4. O'/ /t/t"5_Tho nor h is undulating prairie, with stony ridges. 
 Soil, a brownish clay loam, with day subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. 
 JNumerous marshes wore crossed. Good agricultural land The 
 east IS undulating prairie, with numerous marshes and a few 
 ponds hoil clay loam over clay. The surface is generally stonv 
 and the land rates classes 1 and 2 on the two northern sections! 
 and class rj on all the rest, except Section 1, where it is class 1 ~! 
 J. McLutchie, 1881. 
 
 The west has a clay loam soil, very hard and gravelly in 
 places —T. 6'. Core, 1881. ^ y iix 
 
 Sub-division.— iioWm^ prairie"; fair agricultural land ; a little 
 stony m places.— P. 5«r«e/, 1881. 
 
 «. Outlines.— l^hQ north and west are rolling and undulating prairie 
 with numerous ponds and beaver meadows ; class 2 On the' 
 north half of Section M, surface boulders were seen There is 
 also a stony ridge in the south half of Section 84. Section 35 is 
 very stony with boulders. Some surface boulders also in the 
 south halt of Section W—CE Woff,-l6Sl. 
 
 _ The east is undulating prairie, with many small marshes. 
 
 Soil, a brownish clav loam on a clay subsoil. The land rates class 
 2 except the south half of Section 18 and the north of 86, where 
 It IS class 1.—/. Mi.Latchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— KoWing prairie, with a few marshes and hay 
 meadows. A few stony and gravelly ridges. Soil, a clay loam, 
 about 12 inches deep, with clay subsoil ; second class.— P. ^«r««/, 
 
 «. Ou nines —The north and west are undulating prairie, having a 
 fair supply of surface water. Section 35 is very thickly covered 
 with surface boulders. On the west the rating is generally 
 class 2 Tlu^re are some surface boulders and a scattering of small 
 marshes— C_E W>///; lysi 
 
 The east is undulating prairie, with many marshes and 
 patches of good hay laud Soil, clay loam, over day. On the 
 north halt of Section Sfi. the line crosses a creek. The land is all 
 class 1 except the northern parts of Sections 1, 13 and 36 where it 
 iti class 2.- J 3IcLafr'ite, \881. 
 
 Sub-division— Vudiil'Aihvr prairie, well suited for settlement. 
 Water in the small ponds is good ; but little meadow land No 
 wood whatever. Soil, a clay loam, with a day subsoil, mixed 
 with hmofetone gravd ; hrst and second class.— D. C. OKeeffe, 1881. 
 
 T. Outlines.— The north and west consist of rolling prairie' with 
 many ponds of water. Soil, fair ; class 2.— C. E Wolff 1881 
 
 East -undulating and level prairie, with a good soil', and well 
 supplied with small spring marshes. No wood.-O. J, Klotz, 
 1881. ' 
 
 Svb-division.-nolWng prairie. Rich, dark, sandy loam. Soil. 
 wdl watered, and plenty of hay.— S. Brodie, 1881. 
 
 8. 0^//me.s^~^orth-- undulating and level prairie. Soil, excdlent ; 
 plenty of shallow marshes, but no running streams. No wood, 
 
 Kant nnHnlafin" »>!">'riii - --;'<;• ! r- 1 •» v^v^^^* 
 
 ui....,i...ing i^ici^rie, sun, hr^i class; a few marshes: no 
 
 IC 
 
 ai. 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 u 
 d 
 a 
 
 •ft! 
 
 Ja 
 
wood. 
 1881. 
 
 The 
 
 lO 
 
 II, 
 
 »^'^* ^ii of Second Initial Meridian.- Ran^ IX ^ 
 ^^ Mo.. Mountain trail crosaes on Section 36.-0. /. JOoi. 
 
 Outlines.— North and ^ f ^ i 
 
 which is good. The soil thoaX i^ i^ '^''''"^«' *h« water of 
 part, gravelly and coveredwuf surf/ ^'' ^''°'^' ^«' ^^' t^« most 
 ilm^^ro./g-, 1882. ''"'^^**'*' ^^^nes. No wood.— F. TfT. 
 
 marshes. n7 Wood.-O."7i}^'°"i go?"* ''^*'' ' ""Serous smaU 
 ^^^^^^'ti^^ "r fitted t.r gra.ng than 
 
 sones. The northern h^a ,' S ^^ t ett'.'t T^^ ^**^ «»^f«» 
 clay about 18 inches u .p or a hln I ' tl^ ^*' «* ^^^^^ ^f g^oy 
 wood.-F. IT. ^r/«./, „ .^g; * bluish white day subsoil. ^'^J 
 
 , The eastern h d . r*^ *.^«^i , ■ „ 
 quKe a number o .M...hert«f 2^"*^ ^^ «» .^^1 Prairie. with 
 
 there are a great raaa W-c jel Sj^.J t '°/^ 18 excellent, but 
 grav^lly._0. J. Klo,z, jg^^^^^^^^^^red about, and the rolls are 
 
 by pondstnd'mareh^^'" 7^".*^ '* ^'' ^^ P^*i"^. much broken 
 particularly the N t^.^rler ^XT S^ *" ^'V'^^ ^""^^ ^^^ ^11? 
 high and irregular ncJge^oV claT^^' "1**^ ^''^^ 200 fe^fc 
 a«d light soil on the surface TK\V ^i!" *?^ "»'^*^« «f gravel 
 cattle-raising than for cu "^atio^ ATa^;'^'^" '' ^'''' ^'^^^'^^ ^^' 
 bo got from the marshes, nd the ^^JT' T^^^^^^.^*" W could 
 limited.-;,-, l. Brabazo»,lSS2 ^^ ' ^^ ^'""' ^^ ^^^ost un- 
 Outlines. — The smiU...^ iu 
 
 land, with a grTy X 0^/ ^I'f *'''u *^ '^^ ^« ^h. lake, is fair 
 quarter is rough a,^t[if'^^^^'« "^<^be« depth. The nor^heriy 
 the lake is fresh and once ahnl 1 '1 '"^'^ W"^"^' '^^ w^ of 
 
 distributed tlroughou ThcfLwSn"' ^\ ^"''' *- ^^ghs 
 ^r///.v^o«^, 1HS3 tov^nship, which are all fresh ~F. W 
 
 ^ottc^t:;r ^1^ rSSh^ii^ll^;?'^ ^^"^"^. -i^h .me low^ 
 
 east^ and on the northern huf o f 04 ,^u ^''*'°^ ^'^ ^ creek Ho wing: 
 oi Moose Mountain Cre.k abl? 10 Vn 1' ^"^ 'T'"'^ *" cxpansiof 
 are low and marshy A eonln / 1 ?'^l "^.'^^^ ^^"^ ^^^res of which 
 •d'ately weaofthe^iineon ,6 sS? ^' ^'''^7 ^^ ^'«t«^ lies imm^ 
 and ston. Classes 2 and a'-l c' S 'i'hh";' "^'^ ^°^^ ^^^^^^ 
 
 , :~ '."'^ ' P^^Hi and lake if hac o „ —;-'*•.•• -"6 ititcrn ate hill 
 
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 Pnotographic 
 
 Sciences 
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 23 'VEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, NY. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
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 Townikipt West of Second Initial Meridi an—Rang t IX 
 
 ^fmid^fofe^^^^ Section 81 as far a. 
 
 sonth sides ^^, H, tL' tTatnlX te^tclJ^Lt 
 
 Spr« i'' ^?T' ^"^' ^^ ^P^*«' ^«* ««d marshy From Sec zZ ^ J 
 twLh ^^^*^'• *''''l^^"^ fi% ^i^ks in Width/ which extends 
 
 teVo^niSn Sk' "Thirht^f T\^ ^^^^ empti:stt 
 charged with alkaH T>.o . . l^, low banks, and its waters are 
 iill?' i« ^k .1 ^^^ ®*^* half of the township is rouffh and 
 
 BrS^. 1882 '''""'"'^''•- ^"^' ^"l »<'«»'i «'»«-«■ ^ 
 
 ' ^f f» rS'ctions 86 and 35 are rolling and Tindulatins nrairi,. 
 
 Pmrie^i^hT"' "'r ^ S"«°»^ 84!^38,82a^d8 afe?o?l",g 
 Cd 2 1 lltnUlP^:"'! f \^'^'- Soil is .andy loam! cS 
 
 orosaes the nor^T,^^?of S ctilrsVla'i^VoT *'° ' ^"'''•''I'' 
 PuroospR Ti,^T * • ^^f"^^ ^*- -J^air tor farming and grazing 
 
 ^d nonl «3 -^ ^^1 is/o"ing prairie, with occasional swampi 
 iwJssed on th!' '"f Jj',r /2^ ^^^^^1- ^°°«« Mountain cS 
 iS further norThl^ ^'l^'f ^f*^"^ ^' ^^^^"^ ^^«*' -"^ aS 
 
 for se^t'lpmpn^T- *°^' f "tl^ tliis township is not very good land 
 
 Good Lter can LohtTpH^'l ^"<^,^^^«l^\were dry in September, 
 is Z ^nn^ 2 -f ^^**^^ed almost anywhere by digging There 
 
 J)umais and MiciLdmi^ ' """""y '"™""> «'^— 
 
 etl'ErJSralfolars f'^'-^ll!'""" ^"t "P™. ??«"■ -* - 
 soil and a nnmW ^f ii 'f ^^^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^i^a^ s^^ace and 
 
 son,^and a number of small marshes ; class l.-F, W. Armstrong, 
 
 Wate?'nUek^'<?l;''''"'"f .P'r^\.^^*^ occasional ponds and 
 
1 as far a» 
 e east and 
 ections 81 
 lection 29^ 
 h extends 
 ?ties into 
 vaters are 
 ough and 
 igh hills. 
 I between 
 J iinpreg- 
 I, most of 
 it supply 
 ownship, 
 the hills 
 n half is 
 lot being 
 
 38. — S. L. 
 
 ; prairie, 
 e rolling 
 ; classes 
 eet deep, 
 grazing 
 swamps 
 in Creek 
 id aboT^t 
 ) rods in 
 
 )od land 
 gravelly 
 
 gullies, 
 le most 
 tions 17 
 •tember. 
 There 
 : from & 
 class. — 
 
 f^ith an 
 ace and 
 istrongy 
 
 ds and 
 :) flows 
 2J feet 
 
 High 
 ; of fb- 
 
 Good. 
 
 14 
 
 Tbwmhips West of Second Initial Meridian— Range IX. 98 
 
 MounrJ5'„''r'"?T^°"^"^ P'^*"«' ^«0' much broken by Moose 
 Mountain Creek hay swamps, marshes, pond^ and ridffJs The 
 
 ^onH .r^"'"'! *^" townshipfrom north-west to south'S it has 
 good clear water, with a gravelly bottom. The gu ly In which 
 
 Outlines.— The north and west are high rolling open wairie pot, 
 
 tanning numerous ponds and marshes^ Soil, ckss^l A Ta^ and 
 
 two large ponds were crossed on the north-east half'of Sect^n 3^ 
 
 ^iXr'"'^!'''} ^^'''- ^^' ^^« «^*«^ds into if Thereis a 
 plentiful supply of water generally. Section 6 is greatly broken 
 
 ce^nt?e T a^'L^;.'' Y ^'''' "^T^ ^^^« ^^^^ thro'ugh the 
 
 :Sv:^ste« ^tTi ri^— fsr ^^' --- 
 soii,^ ^d^i^^ ^^TS2:r?^i:%::z^ -ip-t 
 
 S ^^r\ ^ '''^} ^^^^ *^^«^^^ Section 24Tis about o/fee^ 
 
 of Sectfon 36"it7s^V*f'r ^T ^ ^°^*^""«* *^^°^g^ '^^ -oHh 
 ^^^be_cuon^36^it^is^3^feet wide; water good. Good farming 
 
 l«tp/^n"^'''"'?u~^°"^"^ P"^^"«' ^"^^ broken by numerous 
 lakes ponds and hay swamps. The nearest wood obtainable iTsome 
 twenty miles to the north. Soil - from 10 to 15 iSes dtn wf?h 
 a day loam subsoil; first and second class.-i).^'::,^]^^:^ 
 
 15. OutHnes.-i:he north is rolling land, broken with ponds and hills 
 
 In Sp.H ^°oo "^^y Y"^ ' ""^^^ ^' *'^^* °f Section 32 is W land 
 In Section 33 a creek crosses, running west , it is 10 linklMide" 
 containing good water The west is rolling prairie, with bluffs 
 of poplar and willow. Poplar from 2 to 6 inches rdkmSer 
 
 hullnS'^l t^ ^^^? ' ^^^'^ ^- ^«^ti«^ « '^^ many pondT and 
 hills some of the ponds are very large.-^. C. Thomll 1881 
 
 The east, m the south third, is rolling prairie, w th a Irood 
 
 many ponds, some with grass The summits of the rSges ar^ dl 
 
 stony and the rating is class 2.- W. Pearce, 1881 ^ 
 
 m^irif^Uh'T " f '" ^^''P*'^ *° agricultural purposes. Rolling 
 W if ' fi ^TJ few swamps. There are a few sandy ridges 
 but generally, the soil is excellent. A few clumns of nm.Ur S 
 
 S"ri881.''^ ""^'-^^^^ P^^^ '' *^« ^^^^^^B^frnZd 
 
 16. 
 
 the t relS o?^^^^^^ l^R^f ^"^/ff "^ ' '^' '^' «°™er lies in 
 alivtotLwl/f ^°F^'"''^^^ «"^^«^« descends gradu- 
 
 class 2 ZTit ^ Tl'^' "'°'"' *^'" ^«^*^^^«- The rating is 
 Class ^ Un the east there are scattering patches of nrairip 
 with some poplar and willow, and some pond-ffies Th« «n^l 5 
 very good and class 1. except in the south^ wLre there are a S^ea? 
 many pond-holes, and in the north. wW itlt 1 A?^^^- 
 iwges ; in these parts the grade is class 2 -W PearcTmr^''^ 
 
I' 
 
 94 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range IX. 
 
 tftroughout Several marshes were crossed ; a large poid occu- 
 
 ^est half of Section 80. and a trail to Qu'Appelle in the south- 
 ^^est. A large hay marsh is situated in the north-west half and 
 a creek m the south-west of Section 19. The north we t quarter 
 
 Tw1ri88l" °^^"^"' '^ ' '''''' -^^«^^ - --<1--^- O. 
 
 r.uJ^^'f''''T~^^^ ^^'K'^ * "^'^^ ^^^«k' clay loam. There is 
 plenty of good water; and wood for fuel can be obtained in 
 abunde.nce from the next township.-S. L. Brabazon, 18sT 
 17. Outlines -The north is level, open prairie, clay loam. Soil, class 
 
 small poDlar''°''Th?'*'7i, ^' ' l^' ""^^^'^ '' ^^''^^ ^«°^«d ^i*!^ 
 small poplar. The southerly two tiers of sections are ooen 
 
 fslandV.^* T^) °^ '^'' '^' ^"'^^^^y ^« ^«**«<i ^it^ a great many 
 islands of poplar from 2 to 8 inches in diameter A creek in a 
 
 large coulee, crosses the north-west corner, and the C P R the 
 
 dry creeks (June).— IT. Pearce, 1881. °«von« 
 
 £. c!15^;^»»;T8«^"^ "'"'"^ P™™ • «°°^ ^" • o-ilyd'ainei 
 
 NoTB -The C.P.R. crosses this township. 
 
 ,^ is? ;J J^^^'i^^f '^' *,^^ centre of the township. The valley 
 soil Thf P '^ ^^d the splendid crops attest the richness of the 
 nr! ihl .r^u <^a<^^olic mission issituate in this lovely valley 
 
 Ou'irfn.r'^ !^r ^^ ^ ^u'^^'^^^1 i^'^^' «i^ ^il«« east^of Fort 
 <^u Appelle, and there may be seen a grand display of vegetables 
 
 P^airie'^ith so",.r"'''*"" I""' ^-Lr part o'^T tL {owfsMp 
 oulua ^'* Vi ""^ 'V"? ^"^ scattering islands of poplar. Soil ■ 
 clay loam. Classes 1 and 2. - a t/. %/?y. 1881 
 
 The east falls into the valley and ravines of the Qu'AppeUe 
 
 OuTn^pf, ^1J^ ^^"^"^ ^'^^ ^h«^« 1«^'«1 i« rather ston^^^The 
 Qu Appelle River crosses 24, and the valley here, when not too 
 
 Pearcl S. ^"'^^ '^ '^' "^^^ '^^^*^ ^« poplar.--W? 
 
 nfwwt"^' '''?''"•"" ^'■^''^''^1,^^ *^® Qu'Appelle River, the valley 
 of which contains most excellent land, and there is a good supplv 
 of timber m the township.- TT. and D. Beatty, 1881. ^^^ 
 
 104 0^,W^e.s.-North-gently undulating prairie ; high and dry 
 ctZ ^1? »V"^«ro«« wooded ravires, leading down to the 
 Qa Appelle River, in Range S.-TT T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 rlnm?! ;f "'''7' ~^?^*^'','?^^-""^^l«*i"g P^^irie, with scattered 
 & ^' St 1881."'^^"' ^"' ^ ^^^ ^^^'' ^^y --^-- . 
 
 Mf 'r£r^!?,'.tl'^^^ Ty^'^T^^'J ^^^ ^"^"^^^^ l«^<i- The north 
 iiall risas gently to the elevation known as the Pheasant HUls. 
 
 1» 
 
 i W iM( iri i,«i «i h ; iiiiil j r ^fcatb-. 
 
TI»o«.,A,>, West of Second Imtial Meridian.- ■K.ng. IX. 95 
 
 rich blac/sfudy ir1.^''';'j,^S%^?^',S^'"'™"y » «■•»' ela«>^. » 
 Thompson. ISM. '^° ^'"''S ""^ ^^^ lme.-W. T. 
 
 i»ci.Lft>; 1881 ' '""'^ ""="'"^' ^'"' ^°""> fi'»' <''»^— R. a 
 
 **■ sdf Xari^all ^'"n-S^'^'r ^f """«"* '»™^l>iP ; good 
 Hi h.irthicky Sotted wf?hr°'7 '"'"r «' ""« P^^o'ait 
 ever, considerable open pSLa^^^^^^^^^ P"!"'"' ^'"'' 'X'^- 
 first cbss. The north wi7m,.H^ 1 ""* P^' "^Si*- "' "« «"" '^ 
 
 which crosses aisco™er-cTM.f?8?l ° ^'''"*'"' ^'**' 
 s«rraI^aUemat:s tt^l^a'r^^r '•'!.'""'' ""^^ '• ^ke 
 
 ai. 
 
 ^e^S.'^-Z :^i5'i.%t!ientr^^'^» ''-'=° '»"» 
 plaSes is ver^ rt-h tI.? • *",' *'"°'?« Purposes, and in most 
 
 T. Zmpsc^im ^ '" " ""P'" °° ""' ^'"«'^' Hills.- W-. 
 
 to 2 s-tjrw^T^,.^ irphefrii^cr^r fe^r ^ 
 
 timber of anv value hut «nfR J.»^i^ vreeK. Little or iio 
 
I 
 
 ■96 'thwuAhipn We.it of Second fnitieU Meridian. — Range IX. 
 
 22. Ouflines. — North — rolling prairie, with many small ponds and a 
 few small clumps of poplar. The line passes near a bend of a fine 
 large creek, flowing south-east on Section 31, and crosses an old 
 cart trail on 34, and the north end of a small lake on the west half 
 of 36.— PT. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 The north half of this township is rather inferior in soil, and 
 should be classed third. The source end of Pheasaut Creek crosses 
 from north-west to soulh-east. — C. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 East — consists of fine, rich, loamy soil, on clay subsoil. The 
 loam is somewhat lighter than the township south, but is all 
 class 1, and high, dry and excellent farming land. On Section 18 
 the soil is alternating sandy and clay loams, and on Section 86 is 
 a sandy loam. There are scattered marshes, most of them are 
 small — W. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Principally rolling prairie. The soil is a rich, 
 clay loam, watered by Pheasant Creek, which runs through the 
 township in a south-easterly direction. — R. A. Wilson, 1381. 
 
 296. Outlines. — ^The west is thickly wooded with poplar bluffs. Ponds 
 of considerable size were crossed, all containing water. There are 
 also a great number of marshes. A creek and two cart trails, one 
 of which leads to Qu'Appelle, cross Section 6. Still Water Creek 
 also crosses the central portion of the above section. — /. L. Reid, 
 1881. 
 
 The surface along the east line is rolling, and the quality of 
 the soil is excellent ; all class 1. There are many small meadows, 
 and a few clumps of poplar. The Pelly and Qu'Appelle and the 
 Winnipeg and Battleford tiails cross on Section 31. The soil is 
 generally good black clay loam — W. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie. There are numerous swamps 
 and a few lakes. Wood scarce, what there is is only fit for fuel. 
 Q-ood farming land. It is watered by several lakes. Water 
 good.— C. E, LeMoine, 1882. i 
 
 2t. Outlines. — North —surface covered with large poplar and thick 
 underbrush. Numerous marshes were crossed containing water. 
 A good sized lake is situated on the east half of Section 36. A 
 creek runs through the east of Section 33, about 60 links wide. 
 The west is prairie, with poplar bluffs. Soil, class 1. A great 
 many large lakes containing water were crossed on this line. The 
 Saskatchewan trail crosses Section 19. — /, L. Reid, 1882. 
 
 East — the southern half of this line passes over rolling prairie, 
 with an excellent soil and some fine meadowc. The remain- 
 der is in the Beaver Hills, which are densely wooded with poplar. 
 Along the edge of the woods are some small lakes. — W. Ogilvie, 
 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Tn the Beaver Hills. Contains four small 
 lakes, from each of which runs a creek. The soil is everywhere 
 very good, being a rich sandy loam. Much of the land is heavily 
 timbered. — J. J. Burrows, 1882. 
 
 25. Outline*. — On the west line are poplar bluffs and pond holes ; 
 some scrub on Section 81 ; good building timber on Section 80. 
 
26 
 
 TimHihip$ West of Second I^tial Meridian— Rm^ IX 97 
 
 S«6-</iwmo«._Almost entirely covered with nor^lo>. ^^^ 
 dmmeter up to 10 inches, intersp^erred wfth a lar^e^nu^^^^^^ o? 
 
 ment. The land is uniformly rated fourth class.-/. Hill. 1881. 
 
 Outlines. --Along the west line there is underbrush and nnnl,ir 
 scrub and poplar bluffs ; also numerous marshes and pond^^^' 
 1 shalW^^^'l^^^^'^^^^^^""^ ^ '' ^ shallowlake out ?f whicS 
 la£s t sTcHnn T '"^ * ""Tl^ ^^^^^*^°^- There are two kJge 
 1882 ' ^°^^^^*«*1 ^y a small creek.-J". L. Reid, 
 
 The east is prairie, and is covered with burned slash sprnh 
 ^'oXTssr ^°^^^^- ««^^' -tiff clay; man^pir^^ 
 
 andSf^r-^f^^:^ 
 
 soil 18 a rich, sandy loe^m.-Reiffensiein and Small, 188L 
 
 **■ ?"frT'^^^-^''* ?l^^^«*' <^^« «^t boundary, going south is 
 ow bluffs, in which are a few scattered poplar trees. The S' 
 WhitTslndT'* «^\fl7 of bluffy country, Ld are crossed by the 
 White Sand River which flows southeasterly through a deeo 
 ravine, and is at this point a succession of beautiful cFear lakes 
 The fourtn and last mile is an open rolling plain, with a useless 
 
 ''uXl f '' '^'''•^- J^' '''' °f*^« lanlLesckss 2. South 
 -undulating prairie having scattered poplar bluffs with a wil- 
 low scrub. The land rates classes 1 and 2. mostly the former 
 and IS stony in places. The eastern half has many marshes^d 
 
 suitable for fencing and fuel. In the central sections the coSf 
 IS more open and is good for farming, although a large por^bn is 
 broken up by Newbum and Silvery Lakes and numeX pond^^ 
 andslougl: the water of which (s strongly impregnated ^w^fh 
 alkah. .He soil consists of a rich black'loam ffom 4 to 14 
 inches deep over a clay subsoil. The Sand River flows into the 
 
 eTofsUln""-"^^*^"^^^ «^' ^^ -^- ^« 
 
 33 
 
 0«</ine5.— Sections 36 and 25 are submerged by Mink Lake The 
 country south of this has poplar and willow bluffs. Nonh of the 
 
 ake 18 densely weeded with large green and dry poplar, wSh 
 fa leu timber, and a thick undergrowth of young poplar JnA 
 
98 *nnrnshipx IV^nt of Serond Initial Meridian.— Range IX. 
 
 North— along Section 36 and part of 86 the land is gently 
 rolling, timbered with scattered poplar, to 10 inches diameter, 
 and a dense growth of willows, small poplars, underbush, &c. 
 Sections 88, 84 and part of 36 are principally lake and marsh ; 
 the former is slightly saline, and abounds in fish. Section 82 is 
 covered chiefly with poplar woods ; trees from 6 to 12 inches 
 diameter. Section 31 is covered with small poplars and willows ; 
 a few ponds and marshes. Soil, black loam, on a sand and clay 
 subsoil ; in places the top soil is very rich. West — about the 
 centre of the line, there are 8 miles of low alkaline lands, very 
 stony, and scattered with bluffs of thick willows. The remainder 
 gradually rises, and is rolling prairie, with a few small patches of 
 low stony land. Boil, fair, but, in places, light and gravelly. — 
 /. Traynor, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The township is badly broken by a saline 
 lake, deep sloughs and low lyinjr marshy lands around the 
 banks of "White Sand River, which flows through the township, 
 in a south-easterly direction. Sections 19 and 20 are entirely 
 valueless, owing to a bog or quicksand which runs through them. 
 In the sections immediately south of Saline Lake, the land is 
 covered with thick willow and poplar, the latter being good for 
 fencing and fuel. Sections 86 and 86 are one mass of windfalls 
 and dry poplar. The south of the township is more open with 
 prairie and scrub. Soil, rich black loam, clay subsoil— IT, H. 
 Stephens, 1888. 
 
a. 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OP THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range X. 
 
 Pa. or S«3ti„r4l^ J^^^^^^^^^^ -baoU ; class 2. 
 
 buO-dt Vision. — Rolling nrniri^ TtU -1 • o o . 
 
 r. S. 0„re, 1881 ""■•"'•east towards the Souris Kiver.- 
 
 ««rf Prma-,, 1881. ^ '^^""''' 8°'"' P''sturage.-S,«o;«,> 
 
 '■ The't„«S'^^:ii?„1^7„^"^^^^^^^^^^^ very few „.rshes. 
 
 the township. Thetod fof a S north-west to south-east across 
 is Terr stony. The^.t.''^"^"''"''™ ?a''h side of th^ 
 
 feet deep; hL a sfuSsTcn^tf '^T.^t?'"' '''■°!i'Jn'* ' '» * 
 jpnng the whole vaUe?bears"S'ai oft/dSSg^^^^"! ^f 
 
 Sourfst*S'tVn^^e^TL'tr;Lnf ^""^"^ "^ *•>* 
 good land in the north DOrHn„K?.u*- ^here is some pretty 
 
 settlement, being mTchbrokr^^l^ ''emamder is uuflttid lor 
 wet marshes an^d ponds occLrlLJth^^^ '"^ *^-" f^'^'^- ^any 
 Soil, gravellyloam but nftp^fy' i ^T '' '''' *'^^^^^ whatever 
 third !nd ^XlZte:TrS:^^lt T^f"^ ' ^'^"^^^^ -^'^d' 
 
 i'. 5«m«/, 1881. ^ ^ '''^' ^''*^*'^ *^y gravelly knolls.- 
 
 n?ce t^Iol'L^S 2 "^h^we ^'"1?*^"^ P^^^^' ^^^ -me 
 a few beaver meadows Th' Ifl '' '' •/"? ' ?'^^^^^"y «1^« 2 ; 
 Some surface boulderin the south h«}^^.:*^*>' other outlines: 
 -a E. Wolff, 1881 ^ ^*^^ ^^ ^®^^^°" -*• Class 2. 
 
 are rollt;^" W^ -«,^ -^ north-west portion, 
 
 gravelly ^d-^-.^' \^ ^^^^^^'^'^^^ P«^t^O» « rouirh. broken hxr 
 ^7** ^ "^""^ """"' ^^^ ^"^^S^ «io"gii8. Soii: clay loam.! 
 
 S. 
 
11 
 
 100 T.,r.,.fuf.> \V^*l of Second Initial Meridiom.—Bmg^'S, 
 
 to 10 inches deep, with clay and gravelly clay subsoil ; classified 
 uniformly second rate.— P. Burnet, 1882. 
 
 *. Outlines. — On the north and west it is rolling prairie, plentifully 
 scattered with small marshes and beaver meadows ; class 2. 
 The east rates generally clats 2 There are some surface boulders 
 and a scattering of small marshes ~(7. E Wolff, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Prairie, part hivel and part undulating, with a 
 considerable area of good meadow land. Water good. tSoil, clay 
 loam, with clay subsoil, mixed with limestone gravel; classified 
 first and second rate.— 2>. C. O'Keefe, 1881. 
 
 •7. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairio, interspersed with numerous 
 ponds and marshes Surface bould(>rs on the centre of Section 82. 
 A cart trail crosses the south part of Section 86 ; class 2. The 
 ■west is rolling prairie, with occasional ponds and some surface 
 boulders ; class 2. The east has scattered ponds of water and a 
 fair soil, rating class 2— a E Wolff, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with a few marshes scattered 
 over the surface. The soil is a black, sandy loam.— S. Brodie. 
 1881. 
 
 S. Outlines. — The north is an undulating prairie, consisting of a 
 good soil, suitable for settlement. Small, scattered and shallow 
 marshes are plentiful, but no streams.— O. J. Klotz, 1881 
 
 The west has some surface boulders on Sections 6 and 18. 
 Surface rolling ; soil fair ; class 2 ; a few meadows. The east 
 IS rolling prairie, with many ponds of water The soil is fair and 
 the rating class 2.—C. E. Wolff 18^1. 
 
 Sub-division — Level prairie, covered with spear grass. The 
 soil is a sandy loam, with a white clay subsoil ; a few ponds. — 
 J. Stewart, 1881. 
 
 *. Outlines.— T\iQ north is rolling prairie, with a clay loam soil ; class 
 2. The east halt is very swampy, having some large sloughs. 
 The west is gently-undulating prairie, rising towards the north 
 and consisting of excellent farming land in the south half, but 
 full of sloughs and swamps in the north half.—/. A. Maddock. 
 1882. ' 
 
 East — rolling land, with numerous wet marshes ; class 2. 
 Alluvial soil, about 12 inches in depth ; subsoil clay. No wood. 
 —F. W Armstrong, 1882. 
 
 Sub-divisio'n.—Q-^n prairie, with no wood of any descrip- 
 tion. In the north-west part there is a large pond (1,252 acres), 
 and another in the centre (2,793 acres), which, as they dry up 
 during the season, furnish a good quantity of hay. As there are 
 no streams, these and other smaller ponds furnish the only water 
 supply. Soil, very hard and dry, from 4 to 6 inches deep, with a 
 clay subsoil; second-class.-/. Warren, 1882. 
 10. Outlines —The north is principally undulating land, with some 
 surface stone; class 2. Soil, 10 to 12 inches of alluvial soil on a 
 clay subsoil. There are a few small marshes, but no wood. The 
 east IS open, rolling prairie. The depth of alluvial soil varies 
 
11 
 
 13 
 
 marshes occur alonff the iTs^ThLf l^Ti ^ "umber of ponds and 
 south the surface is dry Sections T9iV°'",^o""''^^' '^ut in Z 
 tl^e rest class 2. No wLd Z-F J' I'V"^ '/ ^^*« "^^^^^ L and 
 Tile west is s]in-hflTr\r«ii- ^[tnstrong, 1882. 
 
 Alluvial «oil, abou f i^eho"d?^^^ 7'*^ """»«^"«« sloughs- 
 
 A. Maddock, 1882. '^""P' "" * ^^^y ««b8oil ; class 2- T"! 
 
 '^''^^i^l^^ Pjac- the surface i. 
 
 and also good pasturaff/wE^^Z^ .k^''* '\'^°'"^ abundant hay 
 dried. There is a verf iaZ de^en m-«l^' ""^^T^' *'««^™«« «un- 
 of the year must be aiK'lonTf), ^' ^^'^> ^^ some seasons 
 ^« very luxuriant.-^.. tsr'lZnA^'^r'''"' '' ^'^^^^ *^« S^-' 
 
 ■ ^Ci^i^! V^ r;s!'J/:itK^:Kf ^ ^^ ^^-^^« -<^ 
 
 classes 1 and 2.-/. a. Ma^^lckml '"''"' "^"^^ '^^^^^^ i 
 
 ine east is rollino- nrairip tk-, ii • i ., 
 and the land ral.s clalsTexcenT nn'^^ "? ^^ '?^ '' ^^ i^«J^«« deep 
 Several ponds occur aloni fhe LidH^'^^'*^^^^' ^^^re it is class l' 
 wood^~F. W.Armstronl^ml "^'^^^^ P«^^^«^ of the line. No 
 
 ^illy. There was sufficient wl • l"^^ '"''"ff^ ^'^d somewhat 
 vvants of the settler at the f^^^f'/^^^^ ^^^^^^es to supply the 
 pasturage was nottJd in m^^v 1'^' 'T'^^ ^'^^^y^' ^^^7 fine 
 dark loam, from 5 to 11 inp^!i^ ^^'''"'^: ^^ ^^od. Soil, a rich 
 -~S.L. B;abaTon, 1882 "" ^''^' ^^*^ ^^^^ «»^bsoil ; fi;st class 
 
 Outlines. J>fr»HVi «r»i]- 
 
 Soil, aaudy lolml^: ^g^ PJ^'^^J --io„.l ,„ ,, ^^.^ 
 
 flows south-west. The oenM mtt 'fl '."""" "^"^^ »'«" and 
 a marahy lake, from 4 to 6 l!t 5^ of Seotion 84 is ocoupfed bv 
 this section a smaTcreek iosLi fl"' ™'"' ^'''* '"'^ S""^ ^ 
 
 36 rate^a^fe .t^^ ^^^ f' Sections 1 and 
 deep, but it is generally graveUv or !? ^^^""J!^^ '°^^ '' ^^ inches 
 
 ^■^- Armstrong, 1882. "owing west through a marsh. 
 
 high, ^^T±inizz'%z7oSr^ "'^r ''°'-' "> "> '0 f«.t 
 
 clay and san3y clay -bs^S J dliTafdY-^.t'^tr- 
 
 and W^t'^rs:~&L';r''' l^'J'.'""'^'' •'-kea by guuli 
 a few 4t below the sarflfiT" ^2^^'"^^ '^'"O't ajywhe^ 
 from 4 to 18 ind.es iMD'i„-.fl° '^'"^. S"'- dark, san/y^^m 
 
 •„'!r"*?_',r:9'',^'. tie boundaries it is fin. K.„u.,.n=_^ .. „ 
 "'7i#r "''""™''« »' « good soil. AH craS",-'u?e ^S'i^t 
 
101' Thwrnhipi West of Second Initial Meridian —Rantre X. 
 
 e»«t. On the west, class 2 in the sonth ; and class 1 in the north. 
 —F. W. Armstrong, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie, much broken by swamps 
 and marshes. There is a lake in Sections 28, 10 und 11 of good 
 clear water. The nearest wood is some twenty miles away to 
 the northward. Although no streamR, except that emert'ino' from 
 the lake octur in the township, good water <;an bo obtained by 
 digging from 8 to 12 feet from the surface. Soil, a good, sandy 
 and clay loam, averaging 10 to 12 inches deep, with a clay or 
 clavey loam subsoil ; first and second class — Dumais and Michaud, 
 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines — North, west and east — high rolling open prairie, with 
 occasional marthea ; class 1. Part of a lake extends northward 
 into Section 6, and in the north of 19 the lino crosses a lake 
 which is an expansion of Moose Creek On the east, Section 1 
 is greatly broken by precipitous ravines ; there is also a large 
 marsh in the central portion, about 10 chains wide. Moose Creek 
 flows through the centre of this marsh. Another creek crosses 
 Section 24 ; course, south-westerly. No wood. — F W. Armstrong, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Grood rolling prairie, though stony and very 
 much broken by creeks, small ponds and several hay swamps. 
 Moose Mountain Creek traverses the township in a south-easterly 
 direction. The water it contains, like that in the numerous ponds 
 and swamps, though whitish in appearance, is very good for 
 drinking purposes. The only wood is in a small bluff of poplar 
 and willow in Sections 31 and 82, together with a few small 
 shrubs along Moose Mountain Creek. Soil, a good clay loam, 
 from 8 to 16 inches deep, though stony and gravelly in the hilly 
 places and along the margins of the creeks and marshes ; second 
 and third class. — Dumais and Michaud, 1882 
 
 15. Outlives —Ihe north is level prairie, with bluffs of poplars and 
 willows ; also numerous ponds and marshes Soil, a good clay 
 loam ; class 1. A large pond m Section 86 ; water deep and good. 
 The east is rolling prairie, with bluffs of poplar and willow ; pop- 
 lar from 2 to 6 inches in diameter. Soil, a good clay loam ; class 
 1. A creek runs through Section 86, and has Ligh, steep banks. 
 Section 1 is greatly cut up with ponds and hills ; some of the 
 ponds are very large. The first 2 miles of the west boundary, 
 going south, are wooded with poplar and willows. The remain- 
 ing 4 miles consist of rolling prairie, with a good clay loam soil, 
 and a few surface stone. Water, in ponds and marshes, is plenti- 
 ful everywhere. — A. C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Well suited for agricultural purposes. The 
 soil is excellent, and there is plenty of timber for the require- 
 ments of settlers. — Burckill and Davis, 1882. 
 
 16. Outlines. — North — rolling and undulating ; fair soil on the east 
 half. Very rolling on the west half, with gradual ascent to the 
 west ; soil on the ridges somewhat gravelly. A few low places 
 and flats, which are strongly alkaline. — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
•Jl-.. Up. W,u ,.l second hUial Mcridi^ -Omg, j. ,„ 
 
 iu a ™ii'Jz ?:7»xtr fj,:' ; «"^ -'-^ '""'• --» 
 
 throughout. ffever.ln.ar.hJ.l.r".*""'* i''*'' i""" ^ "'""• 1 
 creek oroMe« SiH^tion or";^? . i„^ ',"»n ^'"^ ,'," *••«"" "■ A 
 
 t.ou I. No wood.-4. a TW;, hk"?" ' '"■■«• ""'"'' "■ '^"O- 
 a. pre.e„. . U o..,y „,f,„,"^, rJer^Si'St'-!! 1 Zt ^ 
 
 ^/ R7/fef/, 1881. ^nesoil is mostly a clay loam— O. 
 
 Sub-division. — First class noil • «r«ii j ^ ^ . 
 for farming.-S. C. OaLTmi ' '^'"'^ '" »™'7 »»P«et 
 
 KOT. T,„ O.P.R. .„,.., ,k;. „,„„„ „, ^,. ^^,^,^^ ^_^^^^ 
 
 • a^Si7„?:on 'n'^ cirt^^he '^m""™,. ':;'"»« P™'™- -* 
 aud adjacent couKes coyer the n„rthe7„ °i ' r "™!;,?"'Appelle 
 have poplar, growin^iu them -cl^X^rri ^^' ™"''^ 
 
 by the Qu'Appelle River Therernfll^l 'T^^'^^P '« ^^°«««d 
 and well timbered. The soil Z f^l t ^* u^ "" '"^^"^ ^o^^ng. 
 ^efl%, 1881. '^ '" ^*'^ throughout— IT. «„rf A* 
 
 19-4. Outlines.— FrAction&l townshin Tc ^« i,- 
 
 wood or surface water, soi" cL i ' ?? 7/ i°"^"? P^^^"" I no 
 
 and scattered bluffs of po^pfarS w M ' ^^°i?»»y small ponds 
 rate.-jr.a«./2). B.ate,mi "^^ ^^' '°'^ ^^ ^e^^^d 
 
 '''• ?tS;;;?^^:!J;i^|;:y^^^^^^ dented with popiar 
 
 loam; class i. A lame kK sffnff V- T Soil, sandy 
 
 east- very fiue famln^ lan7 Th ^^ '"^ l''*^^'^ f • ^^st and 
 elevation 'known a^tht^ Phoasan? Vlnf "Tk' Y^ ^''' ^^ ^^^ 
 here is covered with second o-row?h , ' ^^^ ^^l^^vatc-d country 
 10 or 12 inches in dkmote/ tTp^'^^"' ""1 ^"^^« ^^^^ Popl^^. 
 lakelets. The soil is a Hrst class S M "J'"'''"^" °^ Ponds and 
 Miles, 1887. ^^^^' "^'^' ^^^ck, sandy loam.— C P 
 
 the stth 'Kis-'fjj^ pt:n tst""'r '" '."^ "-"' "^^'f ^' 
 
 i5rM»e//e, 1882. "' "^^* ^'^^ second class— F. ^* 
 
 a nch. blaot -a/.oa^.-^JLThr^tro^thr^I^fiun^^C'j 
 
ill 
 
 I 
 
 104 Ttnoruhips Wect of Second Initial Meridian. — Range X. 
 
 Creek, and west of this the soil is a rich, clay loam, and the sur- 
 face undulatinj^- and unwooded. — C F Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The southern portion is covered with poplar 
 bluffs, hut the lemainder is open prairie, slightly undulating. 
 Pheasant Creek traverses the township irom north-east to south- 
 west, and the ravines which lead to it are deep and very numerous. 
 The northern portion is also a good deal broken by marshes. 
 Soil, sandy marl; chiefly first class, with some second and 
 third.— F. E. Brunette, 1882. 
 
 21. 
 
 2!S. 
 
 24 
 
 Outlines. — Fine farming land ; undulating prairie ; rich clay loam 
 soil ; excellent towiisbip for settlement. The northern portion is 
 an Indian reservation. — C F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — "Well drained, rich soil ; abf.ndance of water 
 and hay. Pheasant River and its branch flow through the town- 
 ship. There is a lake in Section 19. Good building stonr. The 
 noTtb-west corner is covered with poplar. Sections 31, 82, 33, 3-^ 
 and 36 are included in an Indian Iteserve. — H. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.- -The. north-wett corner is of inferior soil. Surface water 
 more or less alkaline. — C. F. Milts, 1881. 
 
 NoTK.— * ;i ia Indian Reaprva, PX'>eiit the easterly tier of sections. 
 
 S?ib-divi"wn. — Nearly half the township is rolling prairie. 
 The soil is admirably adapted for agriculture. There are n umerous 
 small ponds connected by streams All but the most easterly tier 
 of sections is included in Indian Keserves.— /J. A. Wilson, 1«81. 
 
 Outlines — The north is covered with scattered poplar and willow, 
 and alt-o poplar bluffs. Soil, fair, but numerous large ponds and 
 marshes. A creek, flowing north-east, crosses Section 32 The 
 west is prairie, covered with poplar bluffs ; large lakes and 
 swamps are numerous. The soil is class 1 Goose Lake occupies 
 much of Sections SO and ol. Stony Lake is situated in Section 
 19, it is many acres m extent.—/. L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 The east is prairie, with poplar bluffs. Soil, class 1. A great 
 number of large lakes were crossed on this line. The Saskatche- 
 wan trail crosses the north-east of the township.—/. L. F-id, 1882. 
 
 25. Outlwcs. — The we^t is prairie, covered with scrub and poplar 
 bluffs. A large lake occupies the central portion of Section 6. A 
 creek crosses Section 7. The Saskatchewan trail crosses Seci'on 
 18. "Wood and water plentiiul. East— poplar bluffs, and pond 
 holes, !ind somt rcrnb on Secti. u 36. Good building timber on 
 25. There are several marshes, some of them many acres in 
 extent. —/. L Reid, 1882. 
 
 Si^b-diinsion.—JioUmg prairie and in some places hilly, with 
 shallow lakes, ponds and marshes, the water of which is good 
 enouf^h ior domestic use. The soil is a black, sandy loam, averag- 
 in;^ 1 inches in depth and well adapted for grain and root crops. 
 The township is also suitable fr»r stock farming, as vegetation is 
 very luxuriant, and large crops of hay could be harvested. The 
 trmber consists of bluffs of willow and poplar, 1 to 18 inches in 
 diameter, good lor building, rails and firewood.-- -iS. Brodie, 1882^ 
 
1 the 8ur- 
 
 th poplar 
 idulating. 
 to south- 
 lumerous. 
 marshes. 
 30ud and 
 
 clay loam 
 portion is 
 
 of water 
 the town- 
 nr. The 
 82, 33, 3-^ 
 
 1881. 
 
 ace water 
 
 5 prairie, 
 lumerous 
 *terly tier 
 
 w, 1«81. 
 
 d willow, 
 )oudR and 
 ! The 
 ikes and 
 ! occupies 
 1 Section 
 
 A great 
 askatche- 
 
 '■id, 1882. 
 
 d poplar 
 ion 6. A 
 s 8ecr'on 
 and pond 
 imber on 
 acres in 
 
 Hy, with 
 is good 
 I. a vera g- 
 ot crops, 
 tation is 
 ed The 
 nehes in 
 He, 1882^ 
 
 S« 
 
 31. 
 
 Tou^nskips West of Second Initial MerUian.-^rtange X. lOS 
 
 ^T^rl:Lr^ '^rZr^tiT'T '?'^' ^'-'- -^^e. 
 
 south-west quarter of Section 'ii ■ ' v^'^ ^' S^^nerally. The 
 arealsotwoo\erlake in th tsecl^^^^ by a lakl ; there 
 
 In Section 12, is a shallow lake f^ ^'^^ ^^'*^^- 
 
 west. Two large lakes are «ffn?f^ • ^? ^ shallovvr creek flows 
 
 Section 86. thesf kkes a?e connectd \*^' "^'*^;^"^* quarterTf 
 Jieid, 1882. connected by a small creek ~J. L 
 
 «crub. The soil througSus' .x^K TV^"" ^'^^^^ «nd 
 18^1 ^^""""^ ^« ^^2ellent.-i2«/e„,^e,-» and Small, 
 
 ^^i^i^^l'1^2':^^^^ and covered 
 
 jmail patches of p;airie ffe soi^Ts li.^hr^ ""^ ^^^"^= «°°»^ 
 Urge quantities of granite lp^iJ!i ^ ^ !'°"5^ ^"^ f?ravelly. 
 boulde-A were met wi?hrendSth^'^^^^^^^ "^^ limestone 
 for cultivation.-/ TraiJ,Tmo^ ^^"^ ^'^ "^^^^^ P^a^^es unfit 
 
 -^th"tatrS:S'of l^^^^^^^^ of undulating prairie, 
 
 central sections, and popkr anl bml^ in T'^^?' '^"'^^^^^^^ and 
 sections, fit for fencing andXp.?,^, ^astm^^^ ^^^stern 
 
 sections broken by Kcho Lake and n«m. ^'^ 1 ^^'^^ ^^^^^^ of 
 s oughs, in which are found good watTTi' ^^'f '^^''^'' and 
 nch black loam, from 6 to 14^achest den/h ' 'Vu \' ^°°^' «* ^ 
 B. H. Stephens, 1883. ^®^^^' ^^^^ ^lay subsoil.— 
 
 '*■ — rpSs''i:,'d'''.;;r'5oi' T""^^'' "f -"^"^ laud. 
 
 poplar, up to 12 indies in diamel^r W^ni^ \ ','".'='' Srowtli of 
 IS of fair quality. In the 3t .i.» I i™' """f;''' •■^'° ^he soil 
 covered with thick wiUows Tmall n^, ?" k" 'Z^^'"^ "»<• """stly 
 
 fallen trees; a few^lv^l^pra S'^Sarshe';" Thr™!!' ^^"^"4 
 quahty, but in manv dIrcps «a ^it ™^'^^".^^^- ^^e soil is of fair 
 
 siderabV impair 1^ ^ ^^'r a "ic'iiltural'n^"^'^'" '' '' «<>- 
 make good gra^^ing land. East' n\{. ^^'''Po^^-^. it would 
 IS low and alkaiiiie verv sfonr 1T? '"f"*'""^ P^^»^«" ^^^land 
 willows. The remainder fsoUininr^-''^ "^I'l^ ^^^^^^ °f ti^iek 
 small patches of low "fonv ilnd ^7 "^i '^'*^. ''^'"^ and a few 
 ^ight i-i. 7r«^«or, 1882^ ^^ ^^'' '"^^' ^^ ^^'^^'^ gravelly and 
 
 with1^;^S:w:tiS^:j:^t^ -ered 
 
 large quantities of fish, chirfly pike Thll S"'- *^' latter abound 
 fair quality, but in many pTaces^so streS,! v,''i ^^^^^ally of a 
 of gneissoid sandstone Jrankearrl 1 L ^'i^ ^'^e quantities 
 
 8i<lerably depreciate Us ?Ilue loralic^h, 'T ^""^^^^« ^« '^ ^on- 
 make o-ond r^or,;«„ i„-,V ^ ,f ^?5 agricultural purposes. Tf T.r^.-.]A 
 
!HS 
 
 \i I 
 
 TOWMSKIPS WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 BANaE XI. 
 
 1. Outlines. — South — undulating and rolling prairie. Soil, sandy and 
 clay loams, with clay subsoil ; class 1. Part of Section 1 is stony 
 and gravelly ; class 2. A branch of thf? Souris River crosses Sec- 
 tion 1 and flows south-east ; it is about 8 inches deep and 74 links 
 wide ; water good. A small creek crosses Section 8, and together 
 with a large coulee greatly cut up part of this section. Good 
 farming land. — J. Mr.Latchie, 1881. 
 
 The north is rolling prairie, with a hard, lumpy clay soil ; 
 class 3. Water scarce ; no wood. Long Creek runs across the 
 south-west quarter. On the south side of the creek it is dry, 
 rolling prairie, with rather a light soil. On the north side the 
 soil is a hard clay, in many places rolled into circular knolls of 
 hard cracked clay, of 5 or 6 feet in diameter, and 1 foot high. 
 The soil is light and gravelly on the four southern sections of the 
 west line, and hard lumpy clay on the two remaining ones. The 
 land rates class 2 on the former interval, and class 8 on the latter. 
 —T S. Gore, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — Prairie, with no timber whatever. Crossed by 
 " Long Creek " or the south branch of the Souris River, 50 feet to 
 120 feet wide, and from 2 feet to 6 feet deep. All north of this 
 stream, of which the water is muddy, is undulating. Soil, hard 
 clay or sandy loam, with clay or sand subsoil ; first class. — L. P. 
 Gauvreau, 1882. 
 
 ^ Outlines. — All the outlines are rolling prairie, with a*hard loamy 
 clay soil ; class 3. Section 6 is low and marshy in the south. 
 Water is scarce, and there is no wood. — T S. Gore, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie. Water in ponds and 
 marshes good. Soil, clay or loam, from 4 inches to 6 inches deep, 
 having a hard surface, caked in many places, with clay subsoil ; 
 first class— L. P. Gauvreau, 1882. 
 
 8, Outlives. — Trolling prairie ; clay loam ; occasional ponds ; stony 
 towards the north-east corner. On the west — stony in places ; 
 sandy loam soil ; class 2. Several marshes occur ^n the central 
 sections. On the south, a hard, lumpy clay soil ; class 3. Water 
 very scnree. No wood in the township.— T. S. Gore, J 881. 
 
 Svh-division.—l^A\\nQ prairie, with very hard surface and in 
 places stony. Souris River passes throui^h Sections 35 and ilG, 
 flowing south-east ; water good. Other sections are also well 
 watered. Soil, hard clay or loam, Irom 4 inches to 6 inches deep, 
 with clay or sand subsoil ; first class.— L. P. Gauvreau, 1882. 
 
 4. Outlines. — North — rolling prairie ; afew stony ridges were crossed. 
 Marshes and hay meadows are numerous. Soil is a brownish clay 
 loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. Good farming land.-- 
 /. McLatchie. 188 L 
 
lownshipt Wett of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XL IO7 
 
 West and east— rolling prairie ; fair clay loam land. Souris 
 Wiver runs diagonally across the township, and lor a mile or two 
 
 hrn!S !;1f /^ ^°^ ''IV "^.^^y- '^^^ "^«^ i« about ICO feet 
 broad and 8 feet deep, with a sluggish current and muddy bed— 
 i. ft Gore, 18*<1. ^ 
 
 «nnfi?"*'''l'''r'''^'~'^^*' ^°^"^ ^^^^'' traverses this township in a 
 eouth-westerly direction It runs through a valley from 80 to 100 
 leet below the level of the surrounding prairie, and about half a 
 
 w Jt ^ "^f? ^- ^u • *S^ '''T'*7 ^^ *^« "^«^ the surface is covered 
 NirT ^/fi^ej-s, which gradually disappear on receding from it. 
 
 cCri^CpX'SnmT'''^^^ *" agSoulture; 
 
 *^' 9!'^/^«««-:North-undulating prairie, with stony and gravelly 
 ridges. Meadows and marshes are numerous, most of them con- 
 tained water, fcome surface boulders in Section 82; class 2. 
 TonJlTifrSu "H?.^ia<^"»f,> t^e four southern miles, and 
 
 iWvi i '"1? ""' >'^^ ^^^'"^ ^^ ^^^ t^o northern miles, 
 iieaver and small meadows; class 2 all round. East-rollinir 
 prame ; generally class 2. A few beaver meadows.— C. E. Wolff, 
 
 Tii1.ri"''t"?''"'T^°P'''" P''*^"®' ^^°^«^ ^y «*o»y and gravelly 
 ndges. Soil a clay loam, 10 inches deep, with clay subsoil ; 
 chiefly second class, with some third.— P. Burnet, 1882 
 
 *' c^oS^'iT^'"'*^"'''!?''^**'"^ ''^^ '•^'""^^ P^^'i"^- Meadows were 
 ciossed m every section, some of them being very large Ponds 
 are plentiful. Cla«s 2. West and east-undulating pSe^ 
 some marshes and beaver meadows. Class 2.— C. E. Wolff 1881 
 
 ViilKr ^'^^'"""'''''•r"^''^''^^*^"^ P''a^"«- The south-west corner i^ 
 a«7l.t^ somewha. stony. No timber. The ponds are smaller 
 
 ^od w ^^^^'^S'^'f ^^'^ '".*^" ^^J*^^«^* townships, with generally 
 good water Soil, from 6 to 16 inches deep, with clay or sandv 
 loam subsoil ; second class— E. D. mnderson, 1882. ^ ^ 
 
 ''' a^d w""^''''^!!' ^^^^ r^ east-rolling prairie; numerous ponds 
 and beaver meadows ; classes 1 and 2 in the west, and 2 in the 
 
 are th^okir'*- ?' T''" ?^ ^""**"^ ^^ and part of Section 31 
 25 ami V/ T'"^ With surface boulders, as are also Sections 1, 
 
 ^«lf^^?^ ;• «. "''''* ^'■^'^ ^''°^'«^ t^*^ township Irora the south 
 halt of Section 25 to 19.— (7. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 T.r.^,?''-* '^'""!u"-7',V"'l"^'*^'"^^ Prairie, with numerous ponds. 
 
 of JnmP n? *l^ u^^"' "^''^^^^ ^i^=^°S- is in the ponds, the contents 
 of some of which are good and of others bad. There are a few 
 surface stones Soil, average depth about 9 inches, with a clay or 
 sandy loam subsoil ; second class -E. D. Hendersm, 1882 
 8. 0«//e«e..-The north is level. Soil, fair, but dry. Some small 
 early marshes ; no wood. O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 A .ay*l'*~T^^'^^'*^ \^rix\viQ numerous ponds and beaver meadows. 
 Acart trail crosses Section 19. Land rates classes 1 and 2. 
 Jiast-some surface boulders on Sections 1 and 18; surface roU- 
 mg , suii lair ; ciasri 2 ; a iew meadows.— C. E. Wolff, 18^ i. 
 
108 
 
 SO. 
 
 M- 
 
 7owtuhips West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XI. 
 
 Tn«ri!f".'''*"*"''"v:?*'^J'°^ P"^"^' ^"^ numerous ponds and 
 marshes; some of the former are very large, and thev irenerX 
 vary m depth from 2 to 6 feet. Water most y sool^ Jif^^hl 
 whatever. A few surface stones. Soil, about^^^ches Xep 
 with a sandy loam subsoil ; second class.-j;. D. knderZ^sl 
 
 ►. Outlines -The north is gently-rolling land, having aVood cW 
 loam soil class 1 on all, except Sections 86 and fe Sh arl 
 
 ir'ev'^ir* '",^ v\'^^' ^- ^" *^« ^««*' *^i« townThip ha^ a 
 grey clay soil which grows verv short grass. The surface is 
 
 o„^ ^a«t-gently-undulating prairie, rising towards the north 
 and consisting 01 excellent farming land in the south half but 
 
 1882. ""^ ''^^"'^' '"^ *^^ "'•'*^ ^^^^•-•^- ^- ^^^dock, 
 
 Sub-division.— All level open prairie, unbroken by anv hills 
 fe P«"<^« J?f "^. part of a large one occupying a portion of 
 Section 36. There are also some hay meadows. Soil hard on 
 
 ir-!!^.^^i^r.,\r2."^'^^ '^^^' ^^^^ ^ ^^^^ -^-^ = --^ 
 
 8Wh?~m,vTI*^ r-^ 'f * "' rolling prairie, with numerous 
 ^Z^ I Alluvial soil IS of an average depth of 8 inches, on a 
 
 *rro«^fV.?^^'°? P^^'"®= ^^y ^^^y «oi^' '^hite clay subsoil- 
 rVr:^,t?8'3.^'^^^= ^"^'^^^ -^*^^ ^-^^ no tfrnbei-i.: 
 fi«6.^e,;e.s7V,w._The only drawback to this township, as far as 
 IJe settler is concerned, is the lack of wood for fuel. The land "s 
 level or undulating prairie ; soil, a brown loamy clay ; of hrst- 
 li^J W^. Numerous small marshes will afford a good supply 
 «ll f^K ^f '^ '^^''^ °^*^"^^^ throughout the township, and il 
 all fresh and of good quality. A tongue of land extends from 
 
 ^r^ofo?tb:?n'J^n'''*^^""^2^^^^^^^ "'-^^ i^ the eastern 
 portion of the township, as far as Section 2, the soil of which is 
 
 'bazol mV ^'"'^^'y- ^"^ ''"^^'^ '^ ^"y kind.-k r^.i! 
 
 ^on7'll7fZ^^ Tn^- T'*~'°'\"^^ P^"^"^^' ^^th a few sloughs. 
 f> f ;nwl '^ A ' i^ '"''^^^' ^^ ^'^y «"^«oil ; classes 1 and 2 On 
 tl e north and on the west, good, and nearly all class 1 beinff a 
 black loam, on a clay subsoil.- J. A. MaddZk, 1882 ^ 
 
 subsSl sil'r'!' T'*^/ l^'^' /"^^^"' ^^^°^y ««il «^ a blue clay 
 subsoil. Surface water fresh, where found.-/. W. Armstronl 
 
 Sub-diviiion.—J8 level or undulating prairie. Soil ranffinc 
 
 ^n^chef w?th Hw V" '" ^r^'-*/' ^J*^^^^^"^ - depth from^3tf 
 Lwfi. / ^y ^''^"J ^^b^^'^' Some swamps were found 
 were al I^^v'^tV^"'-^""^ ""^.^^^^^' ^"* ^^^«ks at time of survey 
 7:Zflln.It!.yL''Ji'^''^-'--J^^^ in the township.-! 
 
 . 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian -Ran^e XI 10» 
 
 **■ SSf rr^^'i^'r'^P"^ P''^^"^ ' occasional swamps with water 
 Soil, sandj and clay loams ; classes 1 and 2. Much of SectZ 86 
 18 coyerea by a lar^e swamp. Fair grazing land Section ?1 t 
 good for farming purposes.-il. C. Webb, 1881 
 
 1883 ^ ^^*'' ^""'^ ' "^ wood-F. PT. Armstrong, 
 
 Boiling prairie, with occasional ridges from 80 fn 7n &..♦ 
 
 hi^h and frequent sloughs. The soil is sandy ^d clay loams on 
 
 on^clay and sandy clay subsoils ; classes 2 .J t^j"7. M^l^l 
 
 Sub-division.— This township, as a whole is well «,tnof<..i f«. 
 farming purposes and is good wheat lanr Good water can be 
 had throughout the township, at the depth of a few felt sSus 
 a dark sandy loam, with a clay subsoil. No woodTf any descrip' 
 
 IS. Ott7/mes.— North and west- rollino- nrairip sj^Ji i i 
 
 ■ marJ::'~thfri :^r'f''' ™"^. ".S"'"' ^cattering'cf small 
 -rJ^iXTiUoHr^h^T'lK ™'''' ™'""P^' --J hills, 
 
 14. 
 
 slow cun™?^„„T' "r"''' '-'"'^ ■ "^ '" » •■««' «•!''« and 2 feet deep 
 
 of the™ S fh^r ".; ir th*: IT"- I" '''!'/«"-l P»h" n 
 
 the surface is stonT In tie 's™ h ' '"""':^ '?<''^ "o gravelly ; 
 
 The southerly secttons i. '"« ^^th^'riy quai-ter ,s a large marsh. 
 
 gravelly arrdq? • d- f "-i'TTiSJ:;:;?- ,^'"' '' '^ "=""*• 
 
 marshes "The soil t "'l''"! "'"' °''"' I'™'"'- '""h oocrJor-al 
 thefaudratesca lonlhJ "■'"•^■^ """"^ surface stou. , M 
 the two n„'hern ones A UU '°"*""' '"It'""."' ™<i "'"^^ ^'O" 
 expansion of MreTree/on't-Tl? r«tlri88i ""' "" 
 
 Mountain Creefc ^^0"^;!,': J?. "^"^ «''."'""■ *'°''«' 
 >..rth par. of the township = west W "^t! bJ^lU^vd?; 
 
rjaa 
 
 1 
 
 110 Townships West of Second InUial Meridian.— Rarge XI. 
 
 rent^butTh« V^f *^- ^^^, ^'"* ^^f ^i *^^^« ^^ «« Perceptible cur- 
 Cl bU^iJ^ water 18 clear and fresh, and the bottom sandy 
 
 *''• Outlines --The north is open rrairie. havinj? a clav loim soil 
 mixed with gravel, and class 2 throughout. ^ There i a ran^e 
 of small hills occupying the southern portion of th's ownsh^ 
 
 mn.H°S!o"i:-n"i''^ ^^1^' * ^'^** ^«*1 «f Popla- and willow 
 much fire ki led in the east ; rating class 1 In the west tS 
 are more ponds and marshes, and, except Section 6, whSscS 
 1, the rest is class 2—Wm. Pearce, 1881. vvaicnis class 
 
 Suh-division.--liomng prairie, with some small hills in the 
 
 Th'liT ^r' ^T? T^" i«^*"*i« «f P^Pl^r. fit only for fuel 
 There IS a stream of fresh water, about a mile and a-half from the 
 base Jine running towards the east ; also a lake of good waTer i^ 
 the north-east. Soil, generally first class.-G C. DuBerZlS^ 
 
 Noi'B 
 
 -Tho 0. P. R oro-faes the north-eait, and haa iSiaHlufca Station. 
 
 the Ou'wVv n^ corner of this township is broken by 
 
 Thp«?nnt?'^ Valley, into which numerous coulees converge 
 
 Jnd cherri^'T ^''Tp °^ *^''^ ^?^*^ ^^^^^^ ^^^h small poX 
 and cherry. Pheasant Creek flows into the valley from the north 
 There is here a great quantity of game. The townsh% is gent 
 ral y rolling, open prairie, with a clay loam soil, which is clfss 1 
 m the north and 2 in the 8outh.-(?. U. R.fey, 1881 
 
 bub-dtvision.--The southern portion is a beautiful open orairie • 
 
 he remainder is much broken by deep ravines wMch slone 
 
 towards he Qu'Appelle Valley. Soil, a sandy marl, whicb appears 
 
 very suitable for agriculture ; generally first c^ss.-:ri'^r^^^^ 
 
 ^^\»^tf'u''''^~'^^^ ir^*^^ P^^* ^« «it"ated in the valley of the 
 Qu Appelle Riyer. The soil in the valley consists of a^kyey 
 marl. Ihese slopes are sandy. On Sections 1 and 4 are import- 
 ant improvements made by half-breeds—F. E. Brum I ^ ml 
 
 '* s^andvIoam^'Thf'l^ "t"^-^" '7i^ ' ^''' ^^^«^' ^ "^*» black, 
 sandy loam. The township is well watered by the Qu'Appelle 
 
 a [o'h 'llT^''"'^"i,P^«^^- ^««* ^f th^^ ^r-'-k the soil is genemlly 
 a rich clay loam. The surface, where unbroken by the ravines tJ 
 the stream valleys, is undulating prairie.-.;. F. Miles, 1881 
 
 SMft-rftumow. -The soil is very well adapted for ajrricultural 
 fur?r'- ^ •'? V" '^'. even-n/mbered secUons were^S tfrne of 
 
 STn.r''^^''^ ^/ ''"^"^^' ^^« ^^^'i ^'^^"^^^ small houses or 
 Si. ff ' ^^^'"ade many other improvements. The Qu'Appelle 
 fe. r'/^''^^^^ ^^' south-west quarter of the townfhip 
 
 Qu Appelle River and Pheasant Creek, in the western portion of 
 the township.—/. Bourgeois, 1882. f^^^-i^u. oi 
 
Ihwmkipn West of Second Initial Meridian.-lUnge XI. m 
 
 Sub-division. — Soil is of verv best nnalif-B- ki« i n xi 
 even-numbered sections are occupid bv sStlPrl' rl^"^^ *" ^¥ 
 
 the township. ~J. Bovrgeois, 1883. ""rmem part ol 
 
 21. Ow/Jwes- Surveyed all the boundaries. Fine clav loam .^n ««^ 
 good agricultural township No woS -C ^ I?//., i^g? 
 
 5.^,.rfe..«;„«._Thoug£ considerably bro£n by Vav '^^rs^ 
 and swamps, is good farming land Soil ffenerallv nf nioTi 
 
 met with at the time of survey werp drir TiT«K«, «* r x^ i ' 
 fencing, may be found in the^smJl bluffs oT nonlar L? ^""'I ^' 
 met with in the centre and wStern norti^r./.y /L .^ ^'^l''-'^ 
 
 NoT».- All in Indian HeBerves, except tho two westerly tiers of SectionB. 
 
 Beser^^e^'^'Tht w7?' '^'* two-thirds of this township is Indian 
 
 mrhe:: pJn'd^s aldtm^nffir S^^id cTytitSh '^ 
 average depth of from 8 to 12 inches p1£tu ^ ii "^' T'*^ *^ 
 
 digging a few feetli).^,r3jM'S«<" 882. " ™'' P'" ''" 
 
 as. Suh-divuion—Jhis township is generally roUinir orairi^ ■»i.l, 
 some marshes lakes and ponds, the water L wS ^s Lene^ l! 
 good enough for domestic purposes. The soiMs « hlit i '^ 
 about 6 inches deep and is^uftable for ^ain and root c?oM ■?£; 
 
 par„^"ai?'^e:ty' !^Z':t'"' ^^T'^- '"^ ^-« ^ 
 Utity of p&bltTo'r Jth f fa Sumftrl^orf^! 
 fencmg or fuel. Surveyed also the western bonid^'inL^ 
 
 NoTi.-The eattern half ig reaerred for Indian purpoies., 
 
 ^*' Sn'lr''~"^°'*A*''^ ^^/* °^^«^«'« of prairie covered with poplar 
 bluffs ; ponds, lakes and swamps are Numerous. The soJ iscf^I 
 
112 Thwnxhips West of Second Initial Meridian — Range XI 
 
 1. Goose Lake occupies the whole of the north-east half of Section 
 25, and one-third of the sonth-east of Section 36. Stony Lake is 
 situated in Section 24, and is many acres in extent. — J. L. Reid, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. —ThiB township is generally rolling prairie, 
 sometimes hilly, broken by many lakes (some of which are from 
 20 to 80 feet deep), ponds and marshes The water is generally 
 good enough for domestic use. The soil is chiefly a black, sandy 
 loam, averaging 17 inches in depth, and is suitable for grain or 
 , root crops, but, on the whole, the township is better adapted for 
 stock-raising than for agriculture, the vegetation being so luxu- 
 riant that large crops of hay might be harvested. The timber 
 consists of bluffs of poplar, averaging 6 inches, and running to 14 
 inches in diameter, suitable for building, fencing and firewood. — 
 S. Brodie, 1882, 
 
 25. Outlines.— The east is prairie, with scrub and poplar bluffs. Two 
 marshes were crossed in Section 18 and one in Section 36. A 
 large lake occupies the central portion of Section 1 A creek 
 crosses Section 12 and the Saskatchewan trail 13. Wood and 
 water plentiful. — J, L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divisiot. — Rolling prairie, well adapted for agriculture. 
 It contains two creeks, running diagonally from north-west to 
 south-east ; also several small lakes, situate respectively on Sec- 
 tions 7, 8, 16, 20 and 80. The water in all is fresh and of good 
 quality. There is some timber, mostly poplar, of good size, avail- 
 able for building, fencing and fuel. The trail from Ellice to 
 Touchwood crosses diagonally from south-west to north-east. 
 Soil, a heavy clay loam ; uniformly first cltuss. Surveyed also 
 the north boundary. — /. J. Burrows, 1882. 
 
 26. Outlines. — The east is covered with poplar blufis, and numerous 
 marshes were crossed. Soil, class 1. The south-east quarter of 
 Section 36 is submerged by a lake ; there are also two other lakes 
 in this section ; they all contain good water — /. L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Mostly in the Beaver Hills, and consequently 
 of a rolling nature, containing many lakes, most of which are of 
 fair size and situate on Sections 1, 9, 12, 14, 16, 17, 20, 22, 26, 27, 
 28, 29, 30, 31 and 35. The timber consists chiefly of poplar, fit 
 for building, fencing, or fuel, and occurs on Sections 1, 9, 12, 13, 
 14, 15, 17, 25, 26, 27, 35 and 36 ; also, in small quantities, upon 
 many of the other sections. Soil, a good clay loam ; first class. — 
 /. J. Burrows, 1882. ^ 
 
 •31. Outlines. — The south is undulating prairie, covered with poplar 
 blufis, and in places burnt and fallen trees. The rating of the 
 land is class 1.— il. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 Half of the north line is rolling, and mostly covered with 
 thick willows, poplar, scrub and fallen trees, a few swamps and 
 marshes. On the remainder are thick willows, poplar to 12 
 inches diameter, small poplar, scrub and bush, and a number of 
 arrass marshes. Soil cood. — I. Travnor. 1882, 
 
 s: 
 
Totcmhip$ West of Second IvitinI Meridian.^ Range XI. 11« 
 
 Sub-division.— Fractional.— In this township the land is roll- 
 ing and covered with thick willow and poplar. All along the 
 centre of the township is a dense growth of small poplar and 
 heavy scrub, with brul6. The soil is good. There is a scarcity of 
 water. Altogether this township is of little value, with the ex- 
 ception of the poplar, which is fit for fuel and fencinjr —H H 
 Stephens, 1888. ^ 
 
 «2. Outlines —North— the country for the eastern four miles is chiefly 
 low land, marshes and deep sloughs, with thick willows, smaJl 
 poplar and hazel. For the remaining two miles the land is 
 higher, being rolling prairie and scrub, with bluffs of willows, 
 small poplar, &c. Soil, black loam ; subsoil, clay. On the 
 west the land is undulating, timbered with poplar, willows, &c. • 
 patches of prairie, grass marshes and ponds intervening. Soil* 
 good. East— rolling, mostly covered with thick willows, small 
 poplar, brush, scrub, dead and fallen trees, and a few swamps and 
 marshes. Soil, fair quality, but in many places boulder strewn, 
 which lessens its value for agricultural purposes. However it 
 would make good grazing land.—/. Traynor, 1882. 
 
 SM6-<;«i>tsio»— Chiefly undulating prairie, with large bluffs of 
 willow and poplar in the west and north-west sections, suitable 
 tor fencing and fuel. The soil is principally sandy loam on a 
 sandy subsoil, in Sections 13, 14, 23 and 24^ the soil is light, 
 stony and gravelly, and quantities of granite and sandstone 
 boulders occur. There are numerous marshes and ponds, with 
 tairly good water in them. Sections 34 and 86 are much broken 
 by a large slough, through which passes the Wh'to Sand Kiver 
 —H. H. Stephens, 1888. 
 
 .amtn mw rnimmmmmir,: 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Banob XII. 
 
 1. OuHines. — North — soil, hard, lumpy clay in the east, and aandy 
 loam in the west. Sections 31 and 82 rate class 2, ^nd the rest 
 class 3. No wood. In the east the soil is light and gravelly 
 on the four southern sections, and hard, lumpy clay on the two 
 remaining ones. I'he land rates class 2 on the former interval 
 and class 3 on the latter. The line is crossed by two creeks, flow- 
 ing east, one in the south of Section 24 Hnd the other about mid- 
 way on 12. The latter has a very sluggish current ; the former is 
 Long Creek, and crosses the north-east half oi this township. 
 South ot this creek the soil is rather light ; but on the north it is 
 a hard clay often found in circular, hard-cracked knolls of 5 or 6 
 ieet in diameter, and 1 foot high, impossible to penetrate with a 
 spade— T. S. Oore, 1881. 
 
 West — rolling and hilly prairie ; a few large marshes and 
 ponds were crossed. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; stony in 
 places; the cactus plant is plentiful ; class 2. Section 18 is broken 
 tip by hills and coulees All the sections, with this exception, 
 are good farming land. The south is undulating and rolling 
 prairie, with a few marshes scattered about. Soil, clay loam, with 
 a clay subsoil ; class 2. Some of the sections are stony. A small 
 creek crosses the line twice in the central portion of 2. A large 
 pond, with high hills and an old cart trail, on 3. A creek bed 
 crosses the line four times in 4 and twice in 6. The land is good 
 for agricultural purposes. — J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie. Long Creek, or the south 
 branch of the Souris River, crosses tiiagonally from north- 
 west to south-east, its width being from 50 feet to 100 feet, and 
 the depth of its muddy water from 2 feet to 6 feet. The remainder 
 of the township is well watered. Soil, hard clay, about 5 inches 
 deep, with sandy subsoil ; first class. — L. P. Gauvreau, 1888. 
 
 2. Outlines. — North and east — rolling prairie ; clay soil, hard and 
 lumpy in a great many places ; class 3. Section 1 is low and 
 marshy in the south. Water is scarce and no wood. — T. S. Gore, 
 1881. 
 
 West — rolling and undulating prairie. Several marshes were 
 crossed. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; class 2. Section 18 
 rates, partly, 1. A lew cactus and stonep on Section 31. Long 
 creek crosses the line three times in Section 7 ; a cart trail on the 
 south of the river. Good farming land.— /. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-dtvision. — Undulating prairie. Long Creek (south branch 
 of the Souris River), crosses Sections 4, 5 and 6 from north-west 
 to south-east ; 60 to 120 feet wide and 2 feet to 6 feet deep, the 
 water being muddy. The township generally is well watered. 
 Soil, hard, composed of clay and sand ; first class. — L. F. Gauvreau, 
 
 10QO 
 
Si 
 
 TUemhips Went of Serond fmtinl Meridian.— Ranfre XU. 115 
 
 i. Outlines. — The north has a sandy loam soil, class 2 everywhere but 
 on Section .i6, where it is class 1. The east is stony in places • soil 
 «andy loam ; class 2. Along the central portion of the line are 
 several larjre marshes. The south has a hard, lumpy clay soil • 
 class 3, The township is all rolling prairie ; generally water is 
 very scarce, and there is no wood — T. S. Gore, 1881. 
 
 West— rolling and undulating prairie ; k few stoneu and 
 patches of cactus were seen; numerous marshes were crossed. 
 Hon, clay loam, with a clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2.— J. McLatchie, 
 
 Sub-Uivisinn.—VndxxMing prairie. Soil, hard, composed of 
 clay and sand, in places stony ; first and second class —L P 
 Oauvrenu, 1882. 
 
 . OM</me.s'.— North-rolling and stony prairie, with marshes and 
 sloughs. Soil, sandy loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 8 
 
 •5^'?nn r ^f P l*^^ '"^ ^^^ ''''"*^® ^*" '^^^t^o" 84. banks ou each 
 side 100 feet high. Section 83 has hills 160 feet in height; soil, 
 good in the valleys. The Souris River flows through Section 38 
 average width 30 feet ; 3 leet deep and good water "West— 
 undulating, with stony ridges. Several small marshes and ponds 
 boil sandy and clay loams, with clay subsoil ; class 2. Good hav 
 lands on Section 7.—/. McLatchie, 1881. ' 
 
 Rolling prairie, fair land; Souris River flows diagonally 
 across the township, and for a mile or two on each side the land 
 18 verj stony The river is about 100 feet broad and 3 feet deep • 
 has a sluggish current and very muddy bed.— T. S Gore 1881 ' 
 
 Sub-division.— The Souris River traverses the ncilL west 
 part ot this township, its average width is 2 chains 2 to 4 feet 
 deep, and current inperceptible The river valley is about half a 
 
 «"S\^'fn/ri ? -^"i"' ^v!l^"^n^? ^"^ t^^'^ ^'^^ by ^ ^*"g« of hills 
 80 to 100 feet in height The soil is generally light, and the 
 surface covered with boulders in the neighborhood of the river 
 Ihere are a few ash and maples scattered through the valley of 
 the Souris averaging Irom 6 to 8 inches in diameter. Class 2 
 with small tracts of laud, class l.—C. P. Aylen, 1881. ' 
 
 0«////?e.s-.— The north is undulating, with some surface boulders 
 and some meadows ; class 2. Sections 82 and 33 are covered with 
 boulders ; class 3. The east is rolling and undulating on the 
 four southern miles, and rough and billv or high-rolling on the 
 two northern ones Beaver and small meadows; class 2 all 
 round.— a E. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 a'he west is rolling, stony prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with 
 clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 3. Small tributaries of the Souris 
 River cross Sections 19 and 18 ; high banks on the south side 
 some places 150 teet. Greatly cut up the south half of 19—/ 
 McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division -Rolling prairie Rough Bark Creek traverses 
 It irom north to south, on both sides of which is a number of 
 deep ravines, the slopes and bottoms of which are very stony. 
 Along the margin of the creek, and that of a «mall ptroow, 4^™ 
 
 *^8#=S1''^^'^®^*' w^^^^i^^nsi^. are belts of thick underbrush, wS 
 
 ^'ommiKmmmimmmm 
 
116 Townships Wett of Second Itiitial Meridian—Rang* XII. 
 
 * ash, olra, and chorry timber, not oxcoeding 7 inchos in diameter; 
 also, one or two small grovos of poplar. On tho banks of the 
 Rough Bark Cr.'.'k oxiHt distinct traces of lignite, of apparontl/ 
 the iamt> quality as that found on the same stream, near its con- 
 fluence with the 8ouri8 River. Soil, clay, but niucli broken by 
 stonv and gravelly ridges ; chiefly third, with some second class. 
 ^P Burnet, m2 " ^r l^:. .ij^'" i^li fQ 
 
 O. Otf///:«*.<».— North— rolling and level prairie. A largo number of 
 meadows and swamps wt-re crossed in nearly everv section. Sur- 
 face boulders in Section 82 ; class 2. East —undulating prairie. 
 Sections 26 and 80 are rolling. Numerous meadows and marshes ; 
 class 2.— C. E. Woljff, 1881. 
 
 West— undulating and stony prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with 
 clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 3. The Souris River has high banks 
 on Sections 12 and 13, 200 feet above the surrounding country. A 
 creek containing good water crosses dections 18, 30 and 81. — J. 
 McLdtcku, 1881. 
 
 SMft-f/u'ision.— Undulating prairie. The ^ouris River passes 
 through the southwent portion, traversing Sections .'>,8, 7 and 18. 
 On the north east side are several large ravines of an average depth 
 of 50 feet, running north and east, in some cases to a distance of 
 a mile. Along these ravines the laud is very stonv, and in some 
 places there are large boulders. Towards the north and east there 
 a-" a few ponds ; but, in August, 1882, these were mostly dry. 
 The land in these portions of the township is rather better than 
 towards the south-west. Water is scarce, but could probably be 
 obtained by digging. There is no timber, with the exception of 
 two or three small clumps of poplar on the south-west bank ot 
 the Souris Uivvr, having not more than lorty or hfty trees in each 
 clump, none of them being more than six inches' in diameter. 
 !?ome clumps of underbrush also occur along the banks. 
 Soil, from 6 lo 20 inches deep, with light sandy loam or gravelly 
 clay subsoil ; chiefly second class, with some third.— -E. D. Hen- 
 dersoN, 1882. 
 
 ■7. 
 
 Outlines. -^orth and east— rolling prairie, with numerous 
 swamps, marshes and beaver ; eadows. The centre of Section 36 
 is very stony, and surface boulders were seen on the north halt ot 
 Section 36. A cart trail crosses the south half of Section 18 ; 
 classes 1 and 2— C. E. Wofff, 1881. 
 
 The west is undulating and dry prairie ; only a few streams 
 and marshes ; vegetation poor, and some ..actus- a bad sign. — O. 
 J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 SM6-Jjj;t.sj«».— Undulating prairie. Tbfue are a good many 
 stones, but as they are all on the surface, tht •, Wjoid not S^^^^^Y 
 interfere with the working of the land. tn Sections 21, 22, 27, 
 28, 29, 3) and 31, are numerous small gullies, all of which are 
 very stony. Water can be got all through the township. There 
 is no timber. Soil, from 6 to 12 inches deep, with a sandy loam 
 svibsoil ; secuud ulass. — E. D. Henderson, 1882. 
 
lameter ; 
 s of the 
 piirontly 
 itH con- 
 ok«n by 
 lul class. 
 
 ''1 A •t4 ^g| 
 
 -J! 
 
 mbor of 
 n. Sur- 
 r prairie. 
 inarshcB ; 
 
 am, with 
 ;h banks 
 iitry. A 
 i 81.—/. 
 
 iv passes 
 7 and 18. 
 igo depth 
 stance of 
 
 in some 
 3a8t there 
 38tly dry. 
 tter than 
 »bably be 
 eption of 
 , bank of 
 }s in each 
 diameter, 
 e banks, 
 
 gravelly 
 . D. Hen- 
 
 luraerous 
 Jection 86 
 th half of 
 iction 18 ; 
 
 V streams 
 sign. — O. 
 
 )od many 
 at greatly 
 21, 22, 27, 
 ivhich are 
 p. There 
 kttdy loam 
 
 lO. 
 
 11. 
 
 Tirwnthips West of Second Initial Meridian -^Rang^ XII. 117 
 
 Rast—roUiiitf prairie, numerous pciuls and boaver moadown 
 A car tru. croH^es Soetion 24 ; classes I and ^1--^C Tmuff\^\' 
 
 r^;, L f ^u. . , romaiudor of tbo township is verv wot 
 though It, might bo dmiued in eour.e of time by u Ii/i,,rth«^rv 
 water course between LioctionH \ anrl t\ ,Jl; i ^ "^'"f "S: the dry 
 Souris liiver Thn «, '^^^^^.<*"'*^^ and 0, which runs down to the 
 
 ' ckfin;;»^rhlnT^ east-rolling prairie, consisting of a grey 
 c ay sou on a bluish white clay subsoil. The grass is very short 
 but the suface-water. with a few exceptions, is good. No wood - 
 J'- W. Armstrong, 1888. wooa. — 
 
 The west is undulating and level, with an excellenf Hnil • 
 some good hay meadows and some small marshes!lo / V/1; 
 
 anv 5;f/'^f P -^^'^tly-undulating prairie, with no timber of 
 any kind. A lew i.ond8 occur, and in the western portion there 
 18 a arge hay marsh. There are no streams, the only wS ml 
 
 d L wlfh'^' r"^'l ^?^^' '-''^ ^^^d ^"<i d^y' from ^8 fo 6 nches 
 deep, with a clay subsoil ; second class.—/. Warren, 1882. 
 
 ^r'l!7.7l:f' ^t '^'^-I'Y^ Pr.^r, with a very fri^I? 
 grty clay soil The growth of grass is, however, very irood and 
 the^surface water> fresh. Therl is no Wood.-F. wUr^ironl 
 
 ««, . ^^^h f'^f ^ '' undulating and level ; the soil is excellent brit 
 
 bub-division.--TU surface of this township, though generallv 
 
 vervdee^'''Th^'°^?-^y^r^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^ *r« large^nJ 
 maih wK The soil 18 excellent, a heavy loamy clay About the 
 marshes there is excellent pasturage, and a large quantity of hav 
 might be obtained from them. The water is g?od^ SL no 
 wood— S. L. Brabnzon, 1882. Z:': ^ ^l-^ 
 
 '.-ifta 
 
 Outlines.-lloWhxs prairie; soil, a hard black loam on a blue clav 
 
 L^X' 1888 """'^ ^^"''' ^"' ^^"* '^''^ ^' '' ^^--^-FWaZ 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, with a few slouo-hs ■ soil <»ood 
 and nearly all class 1, heiuo- n. d=^vlr l^.^ni on a p1 - -nV > n ^ a 
 Haddock, im2. ° " ^ ^^""^ aubsuil.— /. A. 
 
118 Ihwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.-^HoHge XII. 
 
 ii «i 
 
 'hi 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, with a sandy or clay loam soiK- 
 Goo^. iarming or grazing land. Occasional swamps and ponds. — 
 A. C W.bb, 1881. 
 
 Sub division. — This township is very rolling, and is broken 
 by numerous hay swamps and marj-hes. Thea-e is no wood of any 
 description. The noil is generally dark, sandy loam, averaging 
 from 4 to 8 inches in depth, with clay subsoil. Good water can 
 easily be obtained in any part, by digging a few feet. The whole 
 township is sititable for farming. - i)Mw at s and Midland, 18»2. 
 
 12. Outlines. — North — Sections 36 and 86 are rolling prairie- occasional 
 fiwamps with water. Soil, sandy loam. Sections 34, 33, 32 and 
 81, are rolling or undulating Soil, clay loam; classes 1 and % 
 throughout. In Section 31 is a range of ridges. In Section 81 a 
 bed of a creek crosses from east to west, it is 20 feet wide, with 
 ■water in pools. The west is rolling or level prairie. Soil, 
 eandy or clay loam. Occasional swamps and poiids. Good farm- 
 ing land on both boundaries. — A. O. Webb, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling surface, with a dark loamy soil, on a clay 
 subsoil, except in the north-west corner, which is sandy. Water 
 fresh, an*!; no wood — F. W. Armstrong, 1888. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^This township is all rolling prairie, with no 
 wood of any description, and is much broken by hav swamps, 
 marshes and gullies. At the time of survey, the marshes were? 
 all dry. The soil is g-enerally tsandy loam, averaging from 8 to 15 
 inches in depth, v/ith clay subsoil. It is well adapted for farm- 
 ing — Dumais and Michaud, 1882. 
 
 13. Outlines. — ^The north and east are rolling prairie, with a clay loarm 
 soil, rating class 1 ; scattered small marshes along the line. 
 Excellent iarraing land, well adapted for wheat cultivation. — A. 
 C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 The west is rolling or undulating prairie. Soil, sandy or clay 
 loam. Occasional swamps or ponds. Fair farming or grazing 
 lands.— il a Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Roiling prairie, with a number of grass 
 swamps, but no wood whatever. Better adapted for grazing than 
 agriculture. Soil, a good clay loam, 7 or 8 inches deep, with a 
 Tery good sandy, clay subsoil; second class. — F Vincent, 18^-2. 
 
 14. Outlines. — The north and east are rolling ; soil, clay loam ; gene- 
 rally class 1. Moose Creek crosses Sections 35 to 25, flowing east, 
 and to north of it in Section :J6 are souie large marshy areas. On 
 the whole, excellent farming land. On the east there are a few 
 marshes containing water. Section 25 has hills and ravines, which 
 are gravelly and stony. The creek here is 8 feet wide and 2 feet 
 deep ; slow current ; good water ; marshy banks. In the southerly 
 quarter of the section is a large marsh. The southerly sections 
 are good farming land. Section oG is light, grav elly and sandy ; 
 class 2 —A. a. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 The west is rolling or undulating prairie. Occasional swamps 
 or ponds Soil, sandy or clay loam Fair iaiming or grazing 
 laud.— il C. Webb, 1^81. 
 
 I 
 
I 
 
 * Tmnshipi West of Second Initial Meridian—Range XII. 119 
 
 Sub-divhi,m.-'Rxi\\mg prairie, with a Rreat number of o-raasTr 
 swamps, and very good for g,azin£?. No wood. M^ose MounS 
 Creek, here Irom 2 to 8 chains wide, and from 2 feet to 6 feet dee^ 
 crosses in a south-east direction the north-east corner Soil a veS 
 Tet itsl ""' ^ '"'^'^ °^ ' '"'^^^'^ ^^^^P ' seconTclass-^;. vZ 
 ^'7. 0«^//«e.s- --The south is rollin- land, with numerous bluffs of 
 
 gravdl V Thi i.'^l^^^ \"^ ^'°^? ^^ ^"^'^^««' ^^^ where levelis 
 
 gravelly. 1 he inclines have poplar and scrub- classt^s ■-> anrl ft 
 
 The west is mostly all rolling prairie, with a L pond-hdes and 
 
 ^ave y on thetops of the ridges; class 2. exceprSecdoifl which 
 
 l>^^ke^> rough and stony, and class 3 ~~W. Fearce, 1.81 
 
 North-going west on this line the first three miles are ooen 
 rolling prairie, having a clay loam soil, which n places ?« 
 fh7?ir^"^ ^""^'^ liberall/scatte:ed wirh surface tulders 
 ?nV:?'^7^^*^T^\^^«^''e better soil, cl^ and have smS 
 
 scattered islands of poplar. The south of the ea,st line has scat- 
 tered islands of sma 1 poplar. The surface here is very hilTv and 
 several coulees originate in this township and enlarge towarlslhe 
 ThP «??l'-^' 'l ^^T^^'^ *^" ^"^^ ^« heavy.rolling and unXlaW 
 lt:2ll'c^'^'XTy, 188^-^^ --^ -^*h ^--1, and ave'r^S 
 
 S«*-fi?m«ow.— The southern part is very hillv and covered 
 wit^h small islands of poplar ; there ere also sLe ol^"s of 3^ 
 in the north-west. Soil, generally first class TheTemainde? Sf 
 township IS rolling prairie. There is a large creek of watTr flow- 
 mg northeast—a C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 18. Outltnes.~The north is open prairie, slight'y rolling There are 
 three wooded valleys on Sections 82, 33 and 34 respfctivelv wUh 
 a creek flowmff throun-h earh tu^ ^ «;* itapecLueiy, witn 
 
 Drairie Pmifel !!/1i j ^ I., ^"®* ^^ open, undulating 
 
 loam clasl 1 L, K ^^^^^- .®°'^' northwards, black cla| 
 bITsp, 1881 ' '^''^^^'^'^«' "^^^«<i with gravel ; class 2.-6?. U, 
 
 Pea^ce,\m'^ '' '°"'"^ P'^^"' ' '^'"^^«"* '^'^ ' ^ass I.-IF. 
 
 and stonl'in'S'hr^Tvf '" tI ^•''^'^- ^""'^^ ^''^ '^^'' ^^ ^^^ ^^rth, 
 ana second in the south. There are two creeks of srood water 
 
 on K S'^'"^ north-west respectively ; the LterTs tor": S 
 
 •19A Sub-divmfm.-~Genera.\\Y level. A crook of good water crosses 
 he township, flowing in a northerly direction. Sh sidT^f 
 
 ion fir«t ''T """"''''f.^''-''^ Pf Plar, froi 5 to 10 inches in diamtterf 
 fcoil, first class— C. C. DuB rger, 1882. 
 
 ^^*Outlinesr-ThQ north is partly submerged by Fishing Lake 
 The surface on either side of the lake is undulJtin- and hw a 
 very fair sandy loam.-/. Bourgeois, 1882. ° 
 
 East- 
 
 ment. 
 
 T. o""-'' r;;- °"^^' "-^^ township i«agood one for settle- 
 Is crossed by numbers of streams and the Qu'Appella 
 
120 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XII. 
 
 River. The valley of the Qu'Appelle appeared to be more or less 
 springy, but has plenty of slope and will be good hay and pasture 
 land.-C. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 The west is high, dry and level, with an excellent soil of 
 friable clay and clay loam ; class 1. Excellent farming land. 
 Timbered ravines with creeks occur on Sections 36, 24 and 12. — 
 W. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^This township is traversed by the Qu'Appelle 
 River, and a portion of Fishing Lake. The valley of this river is 
 settled by Metis (or hall-breeds), who have been there tor some 
 years and have made considerable improvements. The soil is of 
 the best quality and well adapted for farming. —J. Bourgeois, 1882. 
 
 2©. Outlines.— ^oxih. and east— fine soil, principally a rich clay loam. 
 The Fishing Lakes break up the western half of the township. 
 The balance is generally undulating, treeless prairie.— (7. F. Miles, 
 
 ■jaQ-i 
 
 The west is high, dry, rolling prairie ; with rich loam and clay 
 loam soils, on a clay subsoil, the southern part having a gentle 
 slope to the Qu'Appelle Valley, and the whole being excellent 
 farming land. Several timbered ravines, with small creeks flow- 
 ing to Fishing Lake. This lake, with steep, wooded banks, breaks 
 up the northern half of the line.— TF. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Svh-division—^o\\ is of good quality, and well adapted for 
 agricixlture. All the even-numbered sections were occupied at 
 time of survey by settlers who had built houses and made nuin- 
 erous improvements. Fishing Lake runs through this township 
 froni south to west. — /. Bourgeois, 1882. 
 
 «1. Outlines— The west is a high, dry prairie plateau, alternating 
 between level and rolling, and having a soil of clay and clay loam 
 generally good farming land. Several small ravines occur, with 
 spring creeks, and along the northern half of the line there are 
 blufis of poplar — >r. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 The east is fine farming land ; good soil, being a rich clay 
 loam. The township is well water.d by streams, and is eligible 
 in every way, except for wood. — C. F. Bliles, 1881. 
 
 S7jb-divistnn.— May be generally ranked as first class farming 
 land, although considerably broken by swamps, gullies and 
 marshes. It' is rolling prairie, with from 12 to 20 inches of 
 alluvial soil, and a clay bottom. Numerous poplar and willow 
 bluffs, with timber averaging from 4 to 6 inches in diameter, 
 afl'ord a good supply of fuel for the settler 1 here were already, 
 at timo of survey, a number ot sections squatted on in this 
 township — Dmnais and Michaud, 18^2. 
 
 382. Ovf fines —The east half of the north line has poplar and willow 
 and an excellent soil ; class 1. The west half is not so good, having 
 a rough surface, and the rating is between 1 and 2. The surface 
 along the whole Ime is undulating — W. Ogilvie, 1S80. 
 
 Is a fine stretch of country and has a good clay loam soiL 
 Surface water more or less alkaline.— C. F. Miles, Wil. 
 
 2i 
 
23. 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial. Meridian— R„n^r XII. 121 
 
 or., 1 .'®^*/^"^^'-"*^*«" — Is rolling prairie, with bluffs. The descrintion 
 applied to he preceding township is equally applicable to Jhis- 
 Dumais and Michaud, 1882. i^p^^^auie xo tnis— 
 
 OutlineH.~Th% west is all knolly prairie, with an excellent soil 
 
 -^W. oilml T%Z. ^'^ ^"d^^^l^w scrub, and many meadows. 
 
 ^^^^''^•'^'\i'}r'-^o\\mg prairie, with many marshes and small • 
 ponds, containing water good enough for aiiy domestic pur^se 
 but only one running stream. Suitable for agriculture or sTock' 
 raising. Timber occurs in bluffs of small poplar, fit for fencTn; 
 and fuel; there is also a good deal of poplar scrub Soil S 
 loam, about 6 inches deep, with sandy subsoil, though in places 
 gravel appears ; first and second class - S. Brodie, 1^82. 
 a*. Oumms— The north contains a goofl soil all cla^^ l nr,^ n^^^ ;i 
 with poplar bluffs. The w.stern\alf has ml t fa^ 'wa^^^^^^^^^ 
 the eastern.— J. L. iJejV/, i88l. "^J^t-t, water man 
 
 Knoily prairie along the wt^st, with some ponds and a few 
 . small poplars. The soil is good and generally class lexcepUnl 
 where there are ridges, which are gravelly, and where the ran? 
 . isbetweeula.nd2.-jr. O^'iVwe, 1880. ^ wneie me rating 
 
 fnr „f'f-^^^"^/7«-- Rolling prairie, with bluffs of small poplar (fit 
 for fuo and fencing) and some willow and popl,,,r scrub In 
 places the land is much broken by small lakes, ponds and marshes 
 and consequently better suited for gra.ing'^than agrkulture' 
 Largo areas of bof torn grass, growing luxurirntly, oocu? aSd the 
 waer in the ponds and marshes is generally good enmS for 
 cooking purposes. Soil, black loam, from 6 to% inles deep- 
 secona class.— S. Brodte, 1882. ^"^ues aeep, 
 
 25. 0«///«.s. -West-rolling and level prairie, having some meadows 
 and clumps of small poplars, and an excellent farmino ,dl Tu 
 
 . ^ Sub-d,vision.—^o\lm^ land, well adapted for agriculture It 
 18 crossed by the trail from Fort Elli.e to Touchwood Hills On 
 the eastern boundary are four lakes, situate in Sections 12 24 05 
 and 36, with fresh and good water. The timber (chieflv poniard 
 ^ccurs upon the eastern half, and also upon Sections 7 jH 90 
 2L 29 and 80 and it is well suited for building, fen "ing 'o Vel* 
 Soil a sandy loam; second class—/. /. Burr ws. 18S2. 
 
 S6. OM//?«r.s,-The western half of the northern boundary has a first 
 class farming soil with some meadow.s and a few scattered nonlars 
 Ihe eastern half is not so good, b^ing gravelly ;uid hiv W a 
 number of alkaline pond.s ; the rating here is class 2 Thp 
 west IS rolling prairie with somem.adows and c In, a ps of poplar 
 The soil IS ver. good and rates all class 1 ihe W'iLip^ and 
 Uattleford trail crosses Section 6.~W Oirt/vie, 1880. 
 
 Snh-diiHsion —Mostly rolling pra 
 
 except m the vicinity of the four lakes situate 
 18, 24 and 38. The low lands borderin 
 
 trie, compiirativohr rlvrr 
 
 j» 
 
 upon Sections 8, 
 on these lakes are! 
 
~m 
 
 122 Tnwmfiip* Wf*t nf SeconJ Initial Meridian. — Range XII. 
 
 during spring and autumn, completely submerged. With this 
 exception, the township is well adapted to agricultural purposes. 
 The only timber is poplar, of a small size, available lor fencing and 
 fuel.— X /. Burrows, 1882. 
 
 SI. Outlines —North— the eastern half mile is rolling prairie and 
 scrub, with bluflFs of poplar and willows. Soil good. The next 
 three miles are in a lake ; the remainder of the line is rolling prairie ; 
 bush, scrub, poplar and willow bluflfs. Soil, good.—/. Traynor^ 
 
 1882. 
 
 Duck Hunting Creek, which crosses the north-west comer, is 
 about a chain wide and five feet deep, and flows between low 
 banks. The general surface along the western boundary is rolling 
 prairie, with some poplar bluffs and willow scrub, and a few 
 marshes. The soil is a good sandy loam ; class 2. The line is 
 crossed in the south-west corner by a creek which is twenty link* 
 ■wide and one foot deep. — E. Deville, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— The land of this township is undulating with 
 bluffs of willow and poplar, the latter good for fercing and fuel. 
 The soil of the north half is good and consists of a black loam on 
 a clay subsoil ; but in the south is light, of a sandy loam, with 
 sandy subsoil, and gravelly on the knolls. The north sections 
 are badly broken by Foam Lake, the water in which is slightly- 
 alkaline —H. H. Stephens, 1883. 
 
 S», Outlines.— Along the north the east mile is bluffs of willows, 
 second-growth poplar, grass marshes and small ponds. The soil 
 is light and gravelly. The next two miles have numerous deep 
 sloughs and marshes The remaining three miles are rolling prairie 
 and brush, with bluffs of poplar and thick willows, grass marshes 
 and some ponds Soil, good. The east is undulating, timbered 
 with poplar, willows, &c., patches of prairie, grass marshes and 
 ponds intervening. Soil, good — 1 Traynor, 1&82. 
 
 The west is slightly undulating prairie, partially covered 
 with poplar and willow scrub, and a few poplar bluffs. A few 
 marshes occur neir the north of the line. The soil is a sandy- 
 loam, which, although light, seems very good and may be rated 
 mostly class 1 in the north half, and class 2 in the south haiL 
 The line is crossed by a creek flowing west, which is 20 feet wide 
 and 3 feet deep— .£;. Deville, 1880. 
 
 <SM6-</tvw«on —This township is mostly undulating prairie, 
 with willow and poplar fit for fencing and Tuel, with heavy dead 
 poplar in the north-west corner. The so"i is light, sandy loam, 
 subsoil, sand. The north-east corner is badly broken by a large 
 slough, and the southern sections by Foam Lake. There are 
 numerous ponds and marshes, which, with Foam Lake, give a 
 plentiful supply of good water. — H. H. Stephens, 1883. 
 
 38. Ouf/ines.— The south portion of the west line is slightly 
 undulating prairie, with a sandy loam soil, class 2 on Section 7, 
 and class I on Section 6. The north half of the township lies in 
 an Indian Reserve, and adjacent to the south boundary of the 
 reserve, the line is crossed by a river, which is a chain wide and 
 
TbwHships Weit of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XII. 12S 
 
 six feet deep, with a current of two miles an hour In the vicinity 
 of this river there crosses also a small creek and two trails, ona 
 from Ellice to Quill Lake, and the other from Touchwood to Nut 
 Lake or Mountain — E. Devilfe, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — This is a Iractional township, and consists onlv 
 of the southerly two and a half tiers of sections. This portion m 
 gently-rolling prairie, covered with bluffs of poplar and willow. 
 the former being suitable for fencing and fuel. The soil is & 
 light, sandy loam on a subsoil of sand. The surface is very- 
 much broken by large marshes, sloughs and Fishing Lake, tbo 
 water of which is good.— H. H. Stephens, ]»83. 
 
■I 
 
 A 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XIII. 
 
 1. Outii' cs.— Along the west the surface is very stony and hilly, 
 haviii-- a sandy loam soil on a light clay subsoil ; class 3. A few 
 small marshes were crossed. — A. O. Wlieeier. 1883. 
 
 lue east is rolling and hilly prairie ; a iow large marshes and 
 ponds Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; stony i:i places. The 
 cactus plant is quite abundant in this district ; class 2. Section 
 18 is tlio hilliest part of the line. All the other sections are good 
 fanning land. The south is rolling and hilly prairie, a little 
 stony and growing a few cactus. Soil, clay loam and clay sub- 
 soil ; class 2. Marshes and pond are nuinerous.— J, McLatchies 
 1881. ' 
 
 ^M/>-rf/vmr»«.— The land in this township is of fair quality; 
 -water is all fresh, except in a smpll belt adjacent to the Inter- 
 national Boundary, where the ponds are strongly alkaline, but the 
 water in the swamps and marshes is uniformly fresh. No wood. 
 Soil, class 1.— C. P. Aykn, 1883. 
 
 Outlines.— TYiQ west is rolling and hilly, very stony land, having 
 a few small marshes. The Dirt Hills occupy the south-west half 
 of Section 6. Soil, sandy and gravelly, with light clay and gravel 
 subsoil ; class 3. A cart trail crosses the north-west quarter of 
 Section ]9. Long Creek crosses the north-west corner of Section 
 80, and runs across the town'ship— ^4. O. W/iee/tr, ib83. 
 
 The east is rolling and undulating prairie ; several marshes. 
 Soil, clay loam, wnh ciay subsoil ; class 2. Section 13 is classes 1 
 »nd 2. The cactus plant is quite plentiful ; and on Section 39 
 there are surface stones. J^ng Creek crosses the line three times in 
 Section 12 ; a cart trail lies parallel to the creek. Fair farming 
 land.— 7. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divisiot/. — Ihis township consists of undulating prairie, 
 "With an alluvial soil of sandy loam, and a subsoil of stifl clay and 
 gravel, in nearly equal proportions. Long Creek traverses it in a 
 south-easterly direction, and has an average width of 1 chain, 
 depth from 2 to 4 feet, and current not exceeding 1 mile an hour. 
 Traces of coal were found in Sections 22 and 23. There are a few 
 small willows along the banks of the creek ; but with this excep- 
 tion, the township is destitute of wood. Generally class 1.— C. P. 
 Aylen, 1883. 
 
 Outlines.— The east is undulating and stony prairie. Many 
 
 marshes and sloughs were crossed. Soil, clay loam, with clay 
 
 subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. The south-east quarter of Section 24 is 
 
 Jow land, and contains patches of cactus. Classes 2 and 3. A 
 
 creek crosses the south quarter of Section \.—J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— ^urxeyed. the boundaries and sub-divided this 
 
 iow3I^^hlp. li 3s undulating prairie, and has an ulluviai toil of 4 
 
 3o a inches of sandy loam, on a subsoil of clay and gravel of 
 
 «. 
 
TotPHihipi West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^e XIII. 125 
 
 ^treme hardness. There is a lake in the south-west, which 
 merges into a large swamp or marphy lake. 1 he alluvial soil has 
 disappeared in places, leaving exposed the subsoil of extremely 
 tenacious olay, mixed with gravel and boulders. There is no 
 timber whatever in this township. About 50 per cent, class 1 
 Ihe remainder class 2 Long Creek crosses the south-west and 
 18 about 45 links wide. No wood. Fair farming land.—C. P. 
 Ay I en., 1883. 
 
 I. 0«///«e.._North-undulating and rolling prairie. Soil, clay'aiul 
 sandy lonm, with a clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. A coulee crosses 
 Section 36. Sections 86, 3 i, 33, 32 and 31 are stony. A laiw coulee 
 crosses the central portion of Section 31, it contains water and is 
 marsny. 1 he east is undulating, with stony rido-es Several 
 marshes and ponds were crossed. Soil, sandy and clay loams, 
 With c ay subsoil ; class 2. A coulee crosses Section 21, and a creek 
 in^feection 13. Good hay lands in Section 12.-J. McLatchie, 
 
 Svb-division.-Tho land in this township is poor for agricul- 
 tural purposes, the alluvial soil has not sufficient depth, and the 
 subsoil IS too hard to admit of being ploughed, except under the 
 most lavorable circumstances. There is, however, a f.iir growth of 
 grass, and water may be found in several places during the greater 
 
 i. Out/ives.—liorih and west-traversed by several deep ravines in 
 a south-easterly direction, at the bottom ot which flow small 
 streams. Ihe land sloping to thes^ ravines is mostly covered 
 with erratic blocks and boulders in all sizes up to masses wei^hinir 
 seyera tons. Probably .^0 per cent, of the land would be°onlv 
 suitable ior pasture. There is some wood in the ravines— T 
 Fawcett, 1881. ' * 
 
 The east is rolling, stony prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with clay 
 subsoil; classes 2 and 3. A coulee crosses Sections 1 and 12 A 
 creek also crosses Section 12 ; it has high banks on the south side 
 some places 160 feel. A creek crosses t-'ection 24 frcm west to 
 south ; It has very high banks and greatly cuts up the south half 
 ol this section. Both ilow to the ^:ouris.— J. McLatrhit, 1881 
 
 bub-<WHHum.-Ox>vn, high, dry prairie, well covered with a 
 thick coaling of grass, and generally undulating. A few conical 
 Knolls occur, the summits ot which are strewn with boulders. A 
 deep creek crossrs the north-east corner, and two shallow coulees 
 (the south one dry in August, 1882) run across the township in an 
 easier y direction Soil, mostly light, sandy loam, vjth the sur- 
 face stonv in places, 8 to 6 inches deep, with a subsoi. sandy and 
 stony; chieily second class, with some first and third.— C G 
 Sheppard, 18^2. " 
 
 *. Ouf/ines 
 a south 
 
 streams. The land sloping to these ravines is mostTy "covered 
 With erratic blocks and boulders in sizes from a pebble to masses 
 
 —North and west— traversed by several deep ravines in 
 easterly direction, at the bottom of which flow small 
 
M 
 
 126 lowHships West of Second Initial Meridian.-^Range XIII. 
 
 weighing several tons. Probably about 50 per cent, of the land 
 might do for grazing. There is some wood in the ravines. — T. 
 -Fawf «, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating and stony prairie. Soil, sandy loam, 
 with clay subsoil; classes 2 and 3. The Souris River crossaet 
 Sections 12 and 18 ; the banks reach a height of 200 feet abovo 
 the surrounding country. Creeks cross Sections 13, % and 86^ 
 each containing good water — /. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — About one-third (the south-west portion) is 
 •gently-rolling prairie, well suited for agriculture, while the re- 
 mainder is ot inferior quality, being very broken and stony. The 
 north-east corner is traversed in a south-easterly direction by 
 Souris River, the banks of which are very steep and stony. 
 Another creek, which apparently takes its rise in this township, 
 near the north-west corner, has also very rough and stony banks. 
 It runs in a south-easterly direction, but had no current in Augnst, 
 le82, being only a succession of pools. Along the former stream, 
 are a few small poplars, with willow underbrush, in such small 
 <juantity as to be hardly worth mention. Soil, from 2 to 6 inches 
 deep, with sandy loam, clay or gravelly subsoil ; first, secondt 
 third and fourth class. — C. G. Sheppard, 1882. 
 
 ■ T. Outlines — Is traversed south-easterly by a deep ravine, in whidi 
 flows a sluggish stream (the Souris River). The banks and the 
 land in places, ior quite a distance back, contain boulders and 
 atones. The township is mostly high and dry, and the soil a 
 heavy clay.— T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 The soil in the east is very dry ; vegetation poor ; surface 
 undulating. A few marshes. Some cactus growing, which is a 
 sign of bad land.— O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Su J division. — All prairie. The north-east portion is a gently- 
 rolling surface, and the soil is a rich clay loam ; it is traversed m. 
 a south-easterly direction by an old cart trail, supposed to be the 
 one formerly in use from Wood Mountain to Fort Ellice. The 
 south-west portion is traversed in a south-easterly direction by a 
 creek, with a soft, muddy bottom, and into which run several 
 deep ravines The water in this stream is good and fresh ; its 
 width averages about 20 feet, with a depth from 3 to 4 feet, and 
 it has a sluggish current. The land is very stony for a mile or 
 two on each side of this creek, especially along the banks, and the 
 ground is much broken by rapines The water rushing through 
 these ravines during freshets has washed out the surface in several 
 places, leaving nothing but the boulders, so that large stretches 
 are now entirely bare. Along the stream, however, there are 
 patches of very good land Magnificent cacti flourish in this 
 township, especially in the barren parts where no other vegetation 
 was seen. Soil, generally from 2 to 18 inches deep, with a dry- 
 clay or sandy loam subsoil ; first, second and third class. — C. G. 
 Sheppurd, 1»82. 
 
 8. Outlines.—The north is undulating and level prairie, with a few- 
 scattered, small and early marshes, and some cactus growing, & 
 
TitiPmhips West of cond Initial Meridian. — Range XI 1 1 12T 
 
 sign of poor land. The east is level prairie, with a dry soil 
 and a few marshes. No wood on either line.— O. .7. Klotz, 1H81. 
 
 The west is high, dry prairie, with a gently-undulating sur- 
 face and clay soil, mixed in some places with gravel. — T. Faw- 
 cett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Open, high, dry prairie, interspersed with a few 
 grassy marshes of good fresh water. The surface is undulating. 
 The north-east half being rather high, the soil therein is generally- 
 dry and very hard. The south-west half is of a gently-rolling 
 surface, and the soil of a better quality. In some places rich 
 yellow loain was found at a depth of 10 inches. This portion of 
 the township is somewhat stony in places. Spear grass forms 
 the principal herbage here. Four coul6e8 originate in the town- 
 ship, but they were all dry in July. Near the middle there is a 
 cart trail leading from Wood Mountain to Fort Elliee. Soil, from 
 3 to 10 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; first and second class. — 
 C. G. Hhcppard, 1882. 
 
 "9. Outlines— The north is fine prairie, very suitable for farming 
 purposes. The soil in some places is sandy, in others, clay loam, 
 and class 1, except the eastern third which is low, wet and 
 swampy with some large hay meadows. The west is rolling, 
 generally low, wet and very stony, being covered with boulders,, 
 some of them very large, much is boggy and very hummocky ; 
 classes 2 and 8. Some excellent hay meadows. Two-thirds of 
 this township are well adapted for wheat raising.- J. G. Sing, 
 lo82. 
 
 The east is undulating, the soil good ; a number of small 
 Hhallow marshes and some good hay meadows. — O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub division. — Open prairie, gently undulating, with no wood 
 of any sort. The surlace is generally dry, only a few ponds, 
 occurring. There is part of a hay marsh in Sections 24 and 25, 
 the remainder lying in t. nt townsnip. Soil, very hard 
 
 and dry, from three to fc .s deep, with a clay subsoil : 
 
 second class.— /. Warren, 18f. 
 
 :XQ. Outlines— ^orih— low, wet la. . aumerous marshes and ponds. 
 Soil is a clay loam, with a clay subsoil, some places wot clay ; 
 classes 8 and 4. Pile of Bones Creek crosses Section 32 ; it has a 
 slow current, three leet deep, good water, and low banks. Unfit 
 for farming purposes. The surface is, as a rule, very low and 
 marshy. There is a fine growth of grass, which makes it valuable 
 for grazing purposes.—/. G. Sin<:r, 1882. 
 
 The east is undulating and level; excellent soil; scattered 
 shallow marshes ; no wood — O, J. A7(;^c, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divisioH.—Undnlixtmg prairie, the surface being a good 
 deal broken by u?arslies, one of which is large, with deep water 
 in it. 'I'here id a great extent of excellent pasturage, and an 
 abundance ot hay could be obtained from the marshes. Water 
 is fresh and sweet. There is no timber. Soil, brown clay, 
 which, from drought, had become very hard at the time of the 
 
 Other indications showed that the land was of excellent quality ; 
 chiefly first class.— S. L, Brabazon, 1882. 
 
128 Townships Went of Second Initiaf Meridian — Uaw^'-e XIII. 
 
 H. Ow///wg.s-.- -A loiiar the north and wost the surface is a dead level; 
 occasional ponds .Soil, a sfitFcIay, second class and very hard ta 
 pt'nt^trate ; hunirnocky in places No wood — /. G. Sing; 1«81. 
 
 The east is rollini? prairie, with a soil of sandy or clay loam. 
 Good fanninsr or grazinj^ land ; occasional swamps and ponds. — 
 A. a Webb, 1881. 
 
 Snh-tiiius'on. — Is rolling prairie, soil a clay and gravelly loam, 
 averaging in depth from 3 to 10 inches; first-class wheat land 
 and woll situated for farming purposes. The only drawback is, 
 that it is considerably broken bv hay marshes, most of which 
 were dry nt the time of survey. Water is easily obtained by dig- 
 ging a few feet from the surface. There is no wood of any kind. 
 — Dumais and Muhaud, 1882. 
 
 12. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie ; occasional hay swamps. 
 Soil, sandy and clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. The east is rolling 
 and undulatmg. Soil, sandy and clay loams ; classes 1 and 2 ; 
 some gravel. A bed of a creek, with water in pools, crosses the 
 south quarter of Section 26. Fair farming land on both lines. — 
 A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 West— dead level ; occasional ponds. Soil, stiff clay ; second 
 class, and hummocky in places. No wood. — J. G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division— UoWmg prairie, with a good many grassy 
 sw^amps ; well suited for grazing Soil, a good clay loam, with 
 a very good sandy subsoil ; second class. — F. Vincent, 1882. 
 
 13. Outlines. - Rolling prairie, with a soil of sandy loam and some 
 gravel; class 1. A fine creek of good w^ater crosses Section 34, 
 about 15 inches deep (September). The west has ?. soil of sandy 
 loam and gravel. Section 81 is somewhat broken by gullies and 
 in spring has some streams. Scattered marshes and ponds along 
 both lines.— il. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 East — rolling and undulating prairie, with occasional swamps 
 with water. Soil, sandy and clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. Dry bed 
 of a creek, with water in pools crosses the southerly half of Section 
 12 ; the banks on either side are high and precipitous. Fair for 
 farming and grazing purposes. — A- C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with a good many grassy 
 swamps. Well suited for grazing. Soil, a good clay loam, with 
 a very good sandy subsoil ; second class. — F. Vincent, 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines. — North and west— gently-rolling prairie, with a soil of 
 excellent sandy loam, gravelly in places ; all class 1. Surface 
 water scarce. — A. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling or undulating prairie. So'l, sandy or clay 
 loam. Occasional swamps or ponds. Fair farming or grazing 
 land.— il. C. Webb, 1881, 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with a good many grassy- 
 swamps. Well suited for grazing. Soil, a good clay loam, with 
 a very good sandy subsoil ; second class. — F. Vincent, 1882 
 
 r/. Outlines. — North and west — is a bare stretch of prairie, inclined 
 to be hilly in parts and considerably interspersed with grass 
 swamps. The soil is a fair second class and is better in the 
 
Kill. 
 
 ad lovol ; 
 Y hard to 
 
 •, 1«81. 
 ilay loam, 
 ponds. — 
 
 illy loam, 
 eat land 
 A'back is, 
 of which 
 d by dig- 
 Miy kind. 
 
 swamps, 
 is rolling 
 L and 2; 
 osses the 
 \i lines. — 
 
 ■ ; second 
 1881. 
 y grassy 
 am, with 
 
 md some 
 iction 34, 
 I of sandy 
 lilies and 
 ids along 
 
 L swamps 
 Dry bed 
 
 ►f Section 
 Fair for 
 
 ly grassy 
 •am, with 
 
 82. 
 
 a soil of 
 Surface 
 
 ly or clay 
 r grazing 
 
 y grassy 
 •am, with 
 
 , inclined 
 ith grass 
 r in the 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. ^Range XIII. 129 
 northoni portion than the south, where gravel r.dires and can 
 
 ^t^X "Tdr^ ZT °' ""^^-'^'^ tnvveVsef^u? wtt^^f 
 southorlT diioction A^ ^^ ^'"-course crosses Section 80 in » 
 
 '*■ gralsTnllmoT''' " ■•"'•inf -^d level prairie, with numercm. 
 
 exoeUont prairie land with ^iJtekslZ^^'JsVZZ^hl 
 C.P.B crosses east and west.-T. Kain,, mi """""f"- l"" 
 
 PeamMsl ''^'''^^'""''- «<=«llettt soil ; class V-W. 
 
 what1™*''Tt".;r»f ™l"''' "l^t ^"'y " f""' ■^"■»''». of »° value 
 
 DupuZM^^' "'"J' ™'"°'' ■ fl^*' ""d »"0<>"'l class—Z. C 
 
 **■ o°°8"^'„'^^°l''?-'''"5'' "-""'"S and undulatin,; prairie Numer^ 
 
 Sec. Z 33 and 84 .TrP?-.K*''"Y"' '™" to^QS-Appelle cr,^^ 
 ffray nr l;"n- ' °■'°'^^ throughout. Good for fiirminr^ and 
 
 fh7ckh?seatreS*'ofeTwiih h""'*' '" '"' '^i!'^ '" *'^ -™'' "^ 
 tL ..«.( „r .!?• . ""'"W swamps— T. A'aiM. IKgl 
 
 occur on SecSllfio'ld'tl^/V-S ^t'Si^"" --'"• 
 
 wiiiots*1na'X'':oft"irH'"°'r'*' r «"•'•"■ ™-'" ■• f<- 
 
 crosses SViTOs 13 14 i',I^^o^"™'' ^''"> »■ slow current 
 Soil, 3 to 7 uchesdeet; wi.h "'l"* ^* I" ■> "orth-eosterly direction. 
 1882. ' ' *'"' " "'"-y '"'"Oil ; class 1.-;;. C. Dupui$, 
 
 growth and p4:/:,;d''l^,ow°""''^h°'eltt'i"''?.."i^T''- 
 l.ran,e., wUh rich loam and clay loam soiC a cfiysuLioU "tSI 
 
I . 
 
 .'. ?! 
 
 <: Si\ 
 
 : <jl 
 
 *.*■ 
 
 *t*' 
 
 r *'' 
 
 ISO Ti'ifmifhipg West of Second Initial Meridian. ^Iian^9 XIII. 
 
 Bouthom part having a gentle slope to the Qu'Apiwllo Valley, and 
 the whole being excellent farming land Several timbered ravines 
 have Hmall creeks in th.'m flowing to Fishing Lake. This lake, 
 ■with steep wooded banks, breaks up the north-east corner of the 
 township —IT. T. Thompson, 1880. „ , . , r 
 
 On the west side the soil is excellent and well adapted tor 
 cnltivation. Along the north a belt ot timber exists about a 
 couple of mih's wide, and scattered throughout this region are 
 numerous ponds and grass swamps —T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divtaion.—The south-eastern portion is slightly undu- 
 lating The soil is first class and well adapted to agricultural 
 purposes. It is well situated, being near the C.P.R, and the 
 Qu' A ppelle River, from which fuel may bo procured for many 
 years The northern half is somewhat broken by hav swamps, 
 and about one-half of it is covered by poplar and willow bluffs 
 but there are patches of excellent prairie land.— D«mot« and 
 Michaud, 1882. 
 rai. Outtinen—The general surface is rolling, with numerous sloughs. 
 * The Qu'Appelle River crosses '.his township in a valley from 260 
 to 800 feet deep and here widens into one of the Fishing Lakes, 
 haviu"- deep coulees leading towards it from north and south. 
 South°of the valley the land is thickly wooded withsniall poplars 
 in clumps ; there are also numerous sloughs, and the soil of the 
 township generally appears to be a first class clay loam. On the 
 south slope of the valley the poplar often reaches 12 inches. The 
 north side is but thinly wooded, except in the coulees.—/. F. 
 
 Garden, ISSl. , . . ,, ^ ,» n -it n 
 
 The southern end of the east line is in the Qu Appelle Valley 
 and Fishing Lakes. North of this is high dry prairie plateau, 
 some places level, other places rolling, having a soil of clay and 
 clay loam and generally good farming land; rating class 1. 
 Occasionsil small ravines with creeks occur, and some poplar 
 towards the north of the line —W. T. Thompson, 18»0. 
 
 Suh-tiivision.— \{o\\\n» land, having a sufficient quantity of 
 poplar timber lor the requirements of settlers for building, fencing 
 and fuel. Well watered by the Qu'Appelle Kiver and Fishing 
 Lakes The Hudson Lay Company's Reserves occupies portions 
 of Section!* 6 and 7; the North-West Mounted Police Reserve, 
 parts of Sections 17, 18, 19, 20, 29, 30, 31 and 32 ; and the " Treaty- 
 ground " Reserve, parts of Sections 6 and 7, that part of fractional 
 Section 8, south of the Qu'Appelle River, and fractional Section 6. 
 Soil, a rich clay loam, with sandy subsoil ; well adapted for agri- 
 culture ; first chi&s.— Clementi and Hewson, 1881. 
 ^ Outlines.— S\iria.cc, rolling. In the west there are, in the vicinity 
 of Jumping Creek, numerous clumps of poplar and generally 
 there are small marshes containing good water. The soil generally 
 is a good clay loam on a clay subsoil, containing in 8< me places 
 an admixture of sand and a slight appearance of surface gravel. 
 —J. F. Garden, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— B.o\lmg land, having prairie openings, alter- 
 jiating with fine bluffs of poplar up to 12 inches in diameter ; 
 
9S 
 
 Tbwnshipt Weit of Second Initial Meridian.^Rangt Xlll, 18t 
 
 Ott//i/,e,.-The surface is open and ffenorallyrollinff. Thosouthflm 
 portion contains some oxcoedinfiTv irood land .. ^A^^^'^";^®'^ 
 
 the township the surface hecomes^'uirhniy ther 'numtr ^'f 
 marshes and sloughs occur in the ctepressions. Most ot the town 
 Jh.p can be.anked as lirst class agricultural land.- 7? F.^^lX. 
 
 The east is all knolly prairie, with an excellent soil hnf 
 gravelly m the ndges. The land rates class 1. The souTh half 
 
 ff::^f^^z n^:er^a^a.£i5 
 
 Soil, a good quality, from 6 to 14 inches deep? wfth a clav or* 
 gravelly subsoil ; second class.-A Hamef, 1882. ^ 
 
 ^url^'V"^ ""7^^ is undulating and occasionally hilly with 
 Iftl^U T^r""^' ^^ ^^« val eys,andi8 generally v/ry good iTnd 
 •mtable for farming or grazing. There is plenty of poDlarfor 
 immediate wants of settlers.— 1 Bray, 188l ^ ^^ 
 
 The west is open rolling prairie land, with some slouirhs and 
 
 emalfpJlL^^^^^^^^ 
 
 where there are ridges, which are gravelly and wXrl' the rati'^f 
 18 between 1 and 2.— W. O^ilvie, 1880. ^ 
 
 SM6-rfju?.sion.— Rolling" country. In the central and Pn«fnrn 
 parts are numerous bluffs of poplar.^about or 7 in" h,' in diame er 
 There are numerous ponds and willow swamps ; but the land a-ets 
 higher towards the north and west boundaries, Soil froma imie 
 west of the centre, eastward, a rich sandy loam ; but hcTest nart 
 
 . 0«^/t«cs.--North-rolling prairie, with scattere.l po-ilar bluff, 
 
 and ^"^^bers of ponds and marshes. The land .s ro\.^h and£ 
 
 f;^ r. ^^' '" f} ^'"y l^^^^'"'^'' ^^'i^h scattered poplar bluffs 
 
 ^LlZTc:nt-i^n'' and marshes. The land^s^ nJt above 
 
 The east is rolling and level, with some meadows and 
 
 5«6-£/ryi«-o«.— Gently-undulating or knollv and altprna^ali.. 
 
 F-v.^..^, „x Buxaii pupiar ana scrub brush, with occasional bluffs of 
 poplar large enough for fencing and fuel, and in quantity suffi- 
 
132 
 
 Townsucps V^'esf of Second huUal Miridian.—Runge XIII 
 
 /^ 
 
 cient to supply, for a few years, the requirements of settlere. 
 • Water, very gojd. Soil, good, without any indications ol alkali, 
 
 fcecond class.—/. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
 20. 0«m«es.-The north is undu ting prairie, with numerous small 
 
 marshes and ponds. Occasional poplar bluffs. Ihe and la 
 
 rough and rates class 2 in the west half and class 3 in the east 
 
 hdf O oing north on the west boundary, the hrs mile is level, 
 
 . the second is rolling and the third is fiat and marshy, all rating 
 
 third class. The three remaining miles are rolluig and class J. 
 
 ' There are small marshes and poplar scattered along the line, and 
 
 some small, clear and fresh lakes in 31.— H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 The east is all rolling prairie, with some meadows and clumps 
 of poplar. The soil is all first class. The Winnipeg and Battle- 
 ford trail crosses Section n.—W. 0-i7yiV, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.-Chie&j prairie, rather uneven and knolly, 
 passing by easy slopes from the dry land to grassy marshes or 
 . small ponds and lakes, the elevations not olten exceeding twenty 
 feet. There is no running water. In Sections 2(, 26, 21 and 2» 
 are two lakes, known as the " Salt Lakes," the water oi which is 
 disagreeably alkaline rather than salt 1 ho water in all the 
 others that came under notice was suitable for cooking purposes. 
 In the suuth part the supply of timber ior luel and fencing 18 
 small ; but the bluffs in the north part contain poplar up to six 
 ' inches in diameter. The laud is better suited for grazing than 
 
 agriculture; second class. — J. A. Snow, le82. 
 fi7A°Oullines.-A\ons the north there are a great many muskegs and 
 marshes. Bluffs of poplar, willows and scrub were Irequently met 
 with Some of the sections are well suited for settlement, but 
 much of the laud is wet and worthless.— £. Deville, 1850 
 
 The iiorLh is rough and does not rate over class 3 Ihere are 
 poplar bluffo and numerous small lakes and ponds.— fi. Carre, 
 
 1881 
 
 'Sub-diviwm.-TvoWmg land, with numerous poplar bluffs, 
 
 small lakes and marshes. The areas of open prairie are small. 
 
 The trail from Fort EUice to Touchwood Hills crosses Section 
 
 from touth-west to north-east. Land unattractive for settlement ; 
 
 second class. — J. A. Snjw, 1882. 
 
 27. OM/Zmes.-The west is all rolling land, with a sandy loam soil. 
 
 There are numerous small marshes and occasional lakelets ana 
 
 ponds. The surface is covered with scrub ot poplar, willow, 
 
 hazel and cherry brush, among which there are scattered popl^, 
 
 2 to 7 inches. The rating throughout is class 2.—0. J Klotz, 18»U. 
 
 The eastern line of this township crosses some places whic^ 
 
 are well suited for settlement. The soil is generally good, and 
 
 the southerly twothirds is nearly all class 1. The country is 
 
 open, but there are poplars, to 7 inches in diameter, m blutts, 
 
 scattered all over the prairie.— £. Deville, 1880. 
 
 Hub-divmon—lloWin'^ prairie, broken by several small xakes 
 
 and luartjUes. The soil is a guuu aaiivi) loaui, AxU, •■•'" — r j 
 
 of timber for settlers' requlr ents.— /. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 Mi, 
 
II 
 
 settlers, 
 alkali ; 
 
 s small 
 land is 
 ho east 
 is l9vel, 
 L rating 
 
 zl&BS 2. 
 
 ne, and 
 
 clumps 
 Battlc- 
 
 knoUy, 
 shes or 
 twenty 
 
 aud 23 
 jrhich is 
 
 all the 
 arposes.! 
 icing i^ 
 > to six 
 ig than 
 
 egs and 
 itly met 
 tent, but 
 
 here are 
 I. CarrCt 
 
 ,r bluffs, 
 e small. 
 Jection 6 
 element ; 
 
 •am soil. 
 lets and 
 willow, 
 i poplar, 
 o^s,1880. 
 !S which 
 ;ood, and 
 >untry is 
 in bluffs. 
 
 all lakes 
 is pie! 
 
 lenty 
 
 7owmhips WeX of Second Initial Meridian.-Sange XIII. 13a 
 
 ***• W S~!w f Vh'** "^'" '" ""'"f >»"^' ''"'' » "Sht sandy 
 loamsoii, class 2. There is a general trrowth nf am-fn ^^..i ^ 
 
 and willow and hazel underbrLh. cfeekTcross thf liSf on 
 Sections 36, 3. and 33, and small marshes are scattered alaW 
 both lines profusely.— O. /. Klotz, 1880. ^ 
 
 rndT2 LviV f T^ '^""^J"' e^^braces Sections 26, 24 
 two /if' ,^Yf?^V''"'^ muskegs are numerous along the northerly 
 
 small creek, 2 feet deep, crosses Section 24. The countrv is vprt 
 wet, and may be said to be unfit for settlement -rS)eS'l880^ 
 
 willotttdr^r'rhel ^'"^"^ ^^1^ P?P^ together wfth 
 smarim^rsts^Zx L.'Z^llsTsV' *"° ^^'^^ ^^^ ^^^ « 
 
 29. 0««/ew6s.-Along the west line the land is all rolling prairie with 
 - a sandy loam soil ; class 2. The surface, except LfheSe sec- 
 tions, IS overgrown with poplar and willow scrub, alng which 
 18 some large poplar. The surface is very wet and numerous 
 Si,T8To ''' ''^''^'^ ^'*^ ^ ^^"^^^^ '' Ss! Tccur"^^^^^^^ 
 The eastern boundary was run over a rollinfflcountrv with 
 the excep ion of the southerly mile, which is hX The^^on n 
 places IS light. The rating is class 2 on Sections Is and 13 and 
 the lit. '"""^^^^^I-. J^oplar and willow scrub predominate aW 
 . the line, among which are a few poplars, in groves irom 4 to 6 
 nches in diameter. There are marshes in every s^ctTon and I 
 i7'tWo,^ \'^'-'^ ''= a marshy stream wit^a^low cu;rent o^^ 
 i«fif > ^S""*'^ '' ^° ^^^ *b^t it ^ay be said to be completely 
 unfit frr settlement.—^. Deville, 1880 completely 
 
 Sw^'-rftrmon.— The soil is a fair quality of sandy loam There 
 18 a great number of small ponds; a^sufficient supplyTf timber 
 for settlers' needs can be obtained.-/. L. Reid, ISsI^ 
 
 «0. 0«^/m«s.-West-thc country is all valley ; has a sandy loam 
 soil; IS very wet with small marshes; has a number ot frX 
 water creeks and is covered with light' bluffs of poX from 2 to 
 
 brush.-S! f^.t'lfj?.™^ ^"^^^ ^'''^^ ^'^^*^- -^- 
 scruWnr«nti' gentlyundulating and rolhng prairie. There is 
 beW from r'?"fn'^ \'°^«^ ^J P°Pl^^ a^d willow; the poplar 
 P.n^£j ?u ^u ^^. T^?' ^^ diameter Numerous marshes were 
 crossed throughout the line, and a creek, 2 feet deep, with a Ilow 
 
 S 1 .*^\ ,^°^»g «o^^th on the east boundary for three miles, the prairie 
 cl^s? IJ: undulating with dark and sandy loam soils ave^agng 
 SeK on 9.''' Y""^ '"^f '''^ '""'^ "^ t^« '-^"^y of the rivof^f 
 dst of hfltTrflT^ inferior soil in 24. The last three miles con^ 
 sist ot hilly and broken prairie, with muskegs in the hollows and 
 irn?"Cf .^!l?P.S-^-/. ^2 being the? poorest. MoZ'^ 
 
 8 cTub ""Tha'f.'n^f '^"^ ^ '°^^ "'^^'''* '^ diameter, with inch 
 scrub. The trail from Pelly to Touchwood crosses Section 1. Tha 
 
J84 Tbwnskips West of Second Initial Meridian. — Rang^e XIII. 
 
 country along the line is a very uninviting one for settlement. — 
 E. Devilte, 1880. 
 
 tSvb-division. — Nearly covered with poplar and "willow, and 
 much broken by ponds and marshes. — J. L. Rtid, 1880-81. 
 
 iSil. Outlines. — North — the character of the township is good, being- 
 principally rolling prairie, with scrub ; near the north-west corner 
 good building timber occurs. The soil is of a rich black loam, 10 
 to 18 inches in depth ; clay subsoil. It is well watered by creeks 
 10 to 50 links in width ; small ponds and marshes ; water fresh 
 and good. Well adapted for settlement. — I. Traynor, 1882. 
 
 Duck Hunting Creek crosses the north-east corner, and is about 
 a chain wide, 5 feet deep ; it flows between low banks. The 
 general surface of the eastern boundary is rolling prairie, with a 
 few poplar bluffs and willow scrub, also a few marshes. The soil 
 is a good sandy loam ; class 2. The line is crossed in the south- 
 east corner by a creek, which is 20 links wide and 1 foot deep. — 
 E. Deville, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, covered with thick willow and 
 poplar, the latter being good lor fencing and fuel. The soil is light 
 sandy lot^ with subsoil of sand and gravel. There are numerous 
 ponds and marshes with good water in them, also a creek from 40 
 to 75 links in width, which is at present dry, but in which, in aa 
 ordinary season there would be plenty of water. On the western 
 boundary there is a belt of good building poplar, from 8 to 1ft 
 inches in diameter and about 40 feet high. — H. H. Stephens, li!83. 
 
 Outlines. — North — this line is all in a rolling country, having a 
 very good clay loam soil, about 10 inches deep, on a subsoil of clay ; 
 class 1 ; covered with patches of willow and scrub. On Sections 
 35 and 36 there are several fresh- water lakes, and on Section 31 a 
 small creek, with a feeble current. West — all rolling land 
 with a clay loam soil ; all class 1. Bluffs of willow and young- 
 poplar ; occasional larger trees. Some good creek water in the 
 three northern sections. Several settlers here. — 1. Traynor, 1882. 
 
 Along the eastern boundary the country consists of slightly 
 undulating prairie, partially covered with poplar and willow 
 scrub, also a few poplar bluffs. Marshes occur near the north of 
 the line. The soil is a sandy loam, mostly class 1 in the north, 
 half, and class 2 in the south half Although light, the soil seems 
 very good. The line crosses a creek, flowing west, which is 20 
 feet wide and 8 feet deep — £. Deviile, J 880. 
 
 East — the character of township is good, being principally 
 Tolling prairie, with bluffs of poplar fft for fencing und fuel. 
 The soil is rich, black loam, 10 to 18 inches deep ; clay subsoil. 
 "Well watered by creeks, 10 to 15 links in width, small ponds and 
 marshes, water fresh and good Sections 2d, 2 « , 34 and 35 are 
 much broken by a large marsh and pond; fairly adapted for 
 settlement. — /. Traynor, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is composed chiefly of rolling prairie, with 
 
 to fifty links in \/vidth, by marshes, ponds, and small lakes. The 
 
 .,1 
 
 
Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range Xlll. 185 
 
 water is sweet and good. The soil is a rich, black loam from ten 
 to eighteen mches in depth, with a clay loam subsoH excpS on 
 some of the ridges, where sand and gravel occuVsPonl^^ 
 suitable for bu&ing fencing, and fu^elfs easily obtS 
 There are a number of grass marshes which will furnish aS 
 ance of hay for use of settlers. The township on the whole oS 
 many inducements to settlers.- Tmy^o,- and Stephens ISsH 
 38. Outlmes.-The north is mostly undulating prairie, with bluffs of 
 willow and poplar. Soil, a rich black loam ; subsoH cU " Wei- 
 watered by streams and marshes; water good. The north-west 
 corner is submerged by Little Quill Lake^ Westlmostly un- 
 
 Soil, a rich black loam ; subsoil, clay. Well watered bv streami 
 and marshes; water good. This township offers many induSS? 
 ments for settlers, as evidenced by the fact that s^erll parti^ 
 -^T^ZoTlTsf "^^^ ^ view of settlement previous to s^ve^! 
 East-surveyed part of the south half of this line The sur- 
 [oam oZt^^*^ undulating prairie, and the soil s a sandy 
 ?Xf'fV •i°''^'''*'°''^^*^^^^^«« 1 on Section 1; althougf 
 and 1 fthVl?. '•''"' ^^7#°od- Near the junction of Section?!? 
 TLIa ""-ti!' ^'°''®^ ^y ^ «^««k, which is a chain wide and 
 e feet deep, with a current of about two miles an hour In tWs 
 Yicinity here IS a small creek and two trails- one from Elfice to 
 
 ^nl^KD::%tmt '"" "^^"^""^^^ '^ ^^^ LaSor MoU- 
 
 ^mJhhfwlf''''-'l'^' undulating prairie and scrub, with a few 
 smaH bluff of poplar and willow. The soil is of ffood aualitv 
 
 soil. There is a fine stream of fresh water traversing the townshlD 
 from the south-east and emptying into Little Quill L^e in the 
 north-western corner of the township.-/. Tra^nor 1882 
 
 s 
 
 li 
 
 The 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XIV. 
 
 1. Outlines. — The west is heavily rolling land and very stony ; the 
 elevations ranging from 60 to YO feet high. Numerous ponds and 
 marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil. The east 
 is very hilly and stony prairie, Soil, sandy loam, with light clay 
 subsoil ; several small marshes. Class 3 on both lines. — A. O. 
 Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 The south is rolling and hilly prairie, interspersed with 
 numerous marshes and ponds ; a creek takes its rise from a large 
 marsh in Section 1. Soil, sandy loam and clay subsoil, stony; 
 class 2, Section 3 has a gravelly surface. An old cart trail 
 crosses the east half of Section 4. — J. McLaichie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township, which is wholly intheCoteau, 
 is rolling prairie, of good quality. The alluvial soil is sandy loam, 
 of fair quality and depth ; the subsoil is clay. There is an 
 abundance of water, all of it fresh, except in a few small lakes or 
 ponds near the International Boundary, where it is strongly 
 alkaline. There is no wood whatever. Class 1. Along the 
 north the surface is high rolling prairie Soil, clay and gravel ; 
 subsoils, blue clay, clay and gravel ; classes 1 and 2. A small 
 marsh in 32 and a pond in 34. Good agricultural land. — C. P. 
 Aylen, 1883. 
 
 ft. Outlines. — The west is heavily rolling prairie, the elevations 
 ranging from 80 to 40 feet in height. Many ponds and swamps. 
 Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil ; class 3. The east is 
 rolling and hilly, very stony land. A few small marshes. The 
 Dirt Hills occupy the south-west half of the township. Soil, 
 sandy and gravelly, with lisrht clay and gravel subsoil ; class 3. 
 A cart trail crosses Section 24. Long Creek crosses Section 25 
 and runs through 36.— vl. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Sub-divisii n. — In this township, which is situated partially 
 in the Coteau, the land is of fair quality, but in many places is 
 little adapted for agriculture on account of the large number of 
 boulders. Tracts of good laud, amounting in the aggregate to 
 about 40 per cent, of the whole, are scattered though it, Long 
 Creek runs through several of the north sections ; its average 
 width is 1 chain, depth 3 feet, aiid current scarcely perceptible. 
 There is an abundance of water in numerous hay meadows of 
 small extent. No wood whatever. Of the land, 40 per cent, is 
 class 1 and the remainder class 2. Along the north the soil is 
 sandy loam, with clay subsoil ; class 2. A cart trail crosses the 
 north-east,— (7. P. Aylen, 1883. 
 
 . Sub-division. — Surveyed the boundaries and sub-divided this 
 township. It is suitable for grazing rather than agricultural 
 purposes. The land is too hard to admit of being ploughed, ex- 
 cept under extremely favorable circumstances. There are a great 
 
Tinpnships West of Second InWal Meridian. — Range XIV. 13T 
 
 many fresh-water ponds, and hny marshes. No wood whatever. 
 Long Creek runs through the south-wost of the township ; its 
 average width is 1 chain, depth 3 feet, current slow. The sur- 
 face is generally undulating, and the soil is a sandy loam, with 
 gravel subsoil. - C P. A^ylen, 1883. 
 
 ■4. Outlines. — North — rolling and undulating. Numerous marshes 
 and ponds ; some good hay land. Soil, clay and sandy loam, 
 sometimes stony ; classes 1 and 2. A creek-bed crosses the 
 central part of Section 36. — /. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This is a fair average township, with a good 
 supply of fresh water, but no timber whatever. Tho alluvial soil 
 is sandy loam, from i to 8 inches in depth ; the sui)suil is gene- 
 rally a tenacious clay. About 80 per cent, of the laud is class 1, 
 the remainder class 2, all generally fairly adapted for wheat- 
 raising.— C. P. Aylen, 1883. 
 
 S. Outlines. — On all the boundaries the surface is high and rolling, 
 and is composed of fair arable land. Some stony ravines, with 
 small brooks in them, cross the township. — T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — Rolling prairie; soil, light and gravelly, with 
 
 {jood grass. Better suited for grazing pu-^poses than for arable 
 and. A creek traverses the township from east to west, the water 
 in which is fresh and good. No timber of any kind. — E. Fafard^ 
 1882. 
 
 •. Outlines. — On all the boundaries this township is high and roll- 
 ing ; the surface soil is fair and may be rated as good arable land. 
 There are some ravines in tho township with small streams on 
 them and numerous boulders in their vicinity — T Fawcett, 1881. 
 Sub-division. — Is only suitable for grazing purposes. Soil is 
 light, sandy and gravelly. No timber. All rolling prairie. — E, 
 Fafard, 1882. 
 
 V- Outlines.— Ou all the boundaries the soil is of good quality, being 
 a dark clay loam. On the west side of the township several 
 grassy ponds and sloughs occur. — T. Faiocett, 18«1. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is gently-rolling prairie, covered with spear 
 grass. The north-east corner is rather hilly and stony and is 
 crossed by the Souris River. The soil is a dark, sandy and clay 
 loam— and is suitable for agriculture or pasturage. The west 
 side, though drained by a running stream which Hows into the 
 river, is rather low and wet, while the eastern side is high, undu- 
 lating land. — C. G. Sheppard, 18»2. 
 
 S. Outlines. — Along the north the soil is only medium and water 
 very scarce. — O J. Klotz, 18^1. 
 
 Is traversed by a sluggish stream in a south-easterly direc- 
 tion. "West and east the land is mostly of good quality and suit- 
 able for faiming. Near the south-east corner of the township a 
 number of high hills appear. — T. Fnwcett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, traversed by the Souris River, 
 here a sluggish stream, running between low banks in a south- 
 easterly direction. In September, there was no perceptible cur- 
 zent, the water being in pools only, and in some places tiiiy feet 
 
138 
 
 Tvtou.->,ups Went of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XIV" 
 
 ■M 
 
 -.'•i 
 
 wide and four feet deep. Numerous shallow, dry water courses 
 were observed, extending towards the river bed ; these will faci- 
 litate the drainage of land. On Sections 2, 3, 9 and 16 elevations 
 occur, from forty to seventy feet in height above the general sur- 
 face. Soil, from eight to eighteen inches deep, with clay or sandy 
 subsoil ; first class — C. G. Sheppard, 1882. 
 
 1>. Outlines. — The surface along the boundaries of the township is 
 almost a deal level ; soil, sandy and clay loam, very little alluvial 
 soil ; some good hay meadows. About two-thirds of township is 
 good for wheat raising. Watered by ponds of good watra:. 
 Along the north. Section 35 is very stony, some large boulders 
 and large quantity of gravel. The remainder level, gravelly and 
 dry. Soil, clay, with a stiff clay subsoil ; classes 1, 2 and 8. 
 The east is rolling prairie, generally low and wet, very stony, 
 being covered with boulders, some of them very large ; much is 
 boggy and very hummocky ; classes 2 and 3.—/. G. Sing, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level, open prairie, having no wood what* 
 ever. It contains no hay marshes and very few pondti. Soil* 
 very hard and stony, from two to four inches deep, with a clay 
 subsoil ; second and third class. — /. Warren, 1882. 
 
 10. Outlines. — Surface level, but much dryer than Township 10, Bange 
 13. Soil is a heavy clay of a rich brown color; excellent for 
 farming purposes. On the north tho soil is cl.*sses 1 and 2. 
 Section 33 is marshy land; class 4; a large hay meadow in tKis 
 section. A creek crosses Section 31, it is 30 links wide iand three 
 feet deep, no current. Several large marshes were crossed. 
 Better adapted for grazing than farming. East — rolling prairie. 
 Section 1 is low land and very stony, with some gravel. Sections 
 25 and 36 are low, wet land, very marshy ; the remainder is dry. 
 Soil is a light clay ond sandy loam, with a stiff clay subsoil ; 
 classes 2, 3 and 4. There is an immense hay meadow in Section. 
 IS, which covers the central two-thirds of the section. — /. G. Siner, 
 1882. ^ 
 
 Sub-division. — Level prairie, with a few small marshes. A. 
 water course traverses the township, but it contained no water m 
 August. The water found elsewhere was pretty good. The land, 
 in parts is inferior, being very stony and hard, with a scant 
 growth of grass. Soil, first, second and third class.— S. L. Braba- 
 zon, 1882. 
 
 11. Outlines. — Level with occasional ponds. Soil, second class, beings 
 a stiff clay and very hard to penetrate. The surface is rough in 
 places, caused by small hummocks full of fine roots. No wood. 
 —J. G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — Is rolling prairie. Soil, a clay loam, with clay 
 subsoil ; ranking as second and third class throughout. There are 
 a few swamps and small creeks in the south-west portion, which. 
 at time of surrey were dry. No wood of any kind.— Dumais and 
 
 
 •*1 
 
a- 
 
 Townships Wext of Second Initial Meridian. -Range XIV. 189 
 
 12. Outlives^-NoTth-roWing prairie. Soil, clay and sandy loam - 
 classes 1 and 2. A creek flows through ' flecUon 84, its depth ii 
 about two feet, current slow, its water is fresh and good. Sect ioa 
 32 has gravelly ridges. Good for farming purposes.?-^ CmZ 
 
 On the boundaries the surface is level. Soil, a stiff-grey clarc 
 second class, and hard to penetrate. In places there are 31 
 hummocks, rough and full of fine roots There are occasTn^ 
 ^^'g^. ts^r ''^''' -^*- — - theTest=£ 
 
 an^d ?n ft/w T ^i^\^S:ood sandy clay subsoil in the ea t S 
 
 *** i^''!!iT'~^i'^''^'i*^ f '°"^°° ^"^ undulating prairie, hummocW 
 2 ^aZ f ^'''^' ""^f^ ^°^°^ ^i^^ ^^«y ^^^ bltiaclay subsoils; clZ 
 ;«o.p\^ 1 ""T^ ^^'^' marshes were crossed. There is a good 
 sage hay slough in Section 32. A creek crosses 36, water only ia 
 pools ; west of the section is low. wet alkali land. The soatS 
 
 surface is level, but rough and covered with hummocks^ TlS 
 inX! V^]^' '•' P^^m' <^°nsisting of clay loam subsoil, with a fe^^ 
 c?os.;d 90 r'T^ '^-i ^°^To"^;*- ^"^ Section 19 a stream was 
 Graven. !, ^^'i ^'^' ^^i^ l^ ^f.^ ^^^P' ^he banks are low and 
 SS^! 1882 ^ '^ ^"^ boulders are scattered about—/. G. 
 
 a .•'^^®n^^^^ ^^ prairie, with a sandy loam and ffravellv soiL 
 
 f^:rs.!!i^ Tcit:] ^4r '' '^'^'-^ ^^^' '^ ^^"^"'^- -^ 
 
 imvSlof^f!T7^^''^^''l^^ P^^^""-. '^^^ «outh-west corner « 
 swtfi ; north-westerly direction by Wascana Creek, here a 
 
 t^r -rr* ^''"^•^'^.^ ^^^^« ^^«"t fifteen feet deep ; it had 
 ?on^h St •' T'T^!^ m September, and the water was aboS 
 ten inches in depth. The land is generally high and dnr 
 
 1^ wS ^.l^ r' ''''5'u^t^'Z«« ^"^^"d "^^^y i^ the maW them 
 itwas.-Ikalineand bad. The surface is very lumpy whi.h is 
 
 ShX? I """Y''"''! '''^'^'' *^^* ^^^"^ to have existed for a loJ 
 
 suW I • R v« ' /^ *^ "!? K*""^" ^^'^"« ^^^«P' ^it^ ^ clay or loamj 
 subsoa, first and second class.— C. G. Sheppard, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— The south and for the first two m \^s of the south part 
 of the western line, the land is second and third clis in quaSf 
 ha ing alkaline flats, with ponds of bad water. From Se?t!on 18 
 
 W' ^ ?i T'^Vi'^^.T^^'y "'^eh, and changes to a fine clay 
 loam, and alluvial soil, 6 inches deep, covering !t. A few surf^ 
 stones wore seen.—/. G. Sjw- 1882: '>uriace 
 
 class^'''^l'?!ll"^ ^''''"' ^^°^^' ^ ,'^"^i^ ^«^°^ ^nd g^^^el ; all 
 Co?L,1881 ^^'''''^' ^"^ ^ ^"'"'^ ^'^' ^'^ (October).-i. F. 
 
 A ^ ';^^"'"'-''^''"«-Ro"i»g prairie, with a few marshes and poinds. 
 A creek runs north-west across the north-east comer, the water i^ 
 
 14 
 
, 1 
 
 \ 
 
 , '*J 
 
 «.* . 
 
 -A' J 
 
 3.40 'fhipnxhips West nf Second Initial Bleridian. — Range XIV. 
 
 which, at the end ot July, was stationary in pools. Except in a 
 few of the marshes, where a slightly alkaline taste was noticed, 
 water is good throughout the township. Soil, a clay loam, about 
 4 inches deo]), with a stiff hard clay subsoil ; second class.— J. /. 
 hcKenna, 1»82. 
 atai. Outlines.— l^ori\ west and south— the soil is excellent, being a 
 rich pand and clay loam ; the surface is slightly rolling. Pile of 
 Bones Creek crosses the township, and is a fine stream, 20 links 
 ■wide and 2 feet deep, water fresh and good ; the current is good, 
 flowing to the norlh-west. Is traversed in different directions by 
 lavines, some of which are very deep. On the elevated portions 
 of the prairie the best soil is met with, being free from the stones 
 and gravel which occur in the ravines.— J. G. Sing, 1882. 
 
 isub-division.—IioUiTag prairie, with numerous ponds and 
 grassy marshes. A creek runs north-west across the township, 
 the water in which, as well as in the ponds and marshes, was 
 found to be fresh. Soil, a clay loam, with a stiff" clay subsoil, but 
 stony along the banks of the creek ; second class. — J. J. McKenna^ 
 1882. 
 3)BL Oit<//nes.— The north is rolling prairie, low ridges of gravel and 
 a good many ponds, with a slight margin of willow and poplar; 
 nearly all class S.— W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Is traversed in different directions by ravines, some of which 
 are very deep. The land is composed of excellent soil, having a 
 rich sand and clay loam, covered with an average depth of 10 
 inches of alluvial soil. Water is supplied from ponds, and is 
 fresh and good.— J. G. Sing, 1882. 
 
 Sub-aivision.—lB level prairie. Soil, a good sandy loam, witn 
 
 sandy subsoil. First-class farming land. Numerous ponds of 
 
 fresh water, with some hay marshes and meadows. No timber 
 
 of any kind. — J. J. Francis, 1882. 
 
 aSL Ouilines—ihe north is rolling prairie, with numerous grass and 
 
 hay fcwamps, poplar and willow, with patches of prairie. Class 
 
 2. Good grazing land. Boggy Creek crosses and flows north- 
 
 west. A range of sand-hills traverses the east of the township. 
 
 Generally the township is a bare stretch of prairie, inclined to be 
 
 hilly in parts, and considerably interspersed with grass swamps. 
 
 The soil is a fair second class, but, in the south, has scattered 
 
 gravel ridges and stones — T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Svb-division.—Smidice rolling and broken. Poplar, measuring 
 from 6 inches to 15 inches diameter, grows in the northern part. 
 Numerous swamps and small lakes occur. Soil, generally third 
 class ; but in the parts not covered with timber, first and second. 
 — C. C. Duberger, 1882. 
 X8. Outlitas.—The north is rolling and hilly prairie, with numerous 
 ravines, and grass and willow swamps. The Canadian Pacific 
 ;Eailway luns across the north of the township A cart trail 
 crosses fc'ection 33, running east and west ; class 2. This is a good 
 -"TSKir."- section : jrrass and water good. The township is thickly 
 Sotted°with poplar and willow bluffs. The trees attain a fair size 
 
 I 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian — Ranqe XIV, 141 
 
 in the south-west ; the surface is excellent rolling prairie land. 
 The C.P.H crosses the township.— T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — ^This township is prairie land, with patches of 
 willows and other soft woods. Tho soil is generally first class. It 
 is crossed by the C.P.R. At the time of survey there were already 
 a good many settlers in the township. — Z. C. Dupuis, 1882. 
 
 KoTB— The Qu' A ppelle Station, C P.R., is the lerminus of the roid and telegraph line 
 to the north. 
 
 1©. Ot/7/mes.— The north is hilly and rolling prairie ; scattered grass 
 and willow swamps. Cart trail to Qu'Appelle crosses Section 36. 
 A large ravine, with gently-sloping sides, and a central water 
 course, crosses Sections 33, 34 and 35. Soil, class 1 ; good for 
 farming or grazing purposes. Other parts of the township are 
 rolling prairie, inclined to be hilly in the east and scattered over 
 ■with hay swamps. The Qu'Appelle trail and telegraph line cross, 
 bearing northwards — T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with no timber except a few 
 willows and other soft woods. A creek, having a sluggish cur- 
 rent, runs in a north-easterly dir^dlfion through Sections 19, 20, 
 28, 29 and 30. Soil, from 3 to 5 inches deep, with a clay sub-soil ; 
 chiefly first class, with some second.— Z. C. Dupuis, 1882. 
 
 SBO. Outlines. — North— soil, a fine loam on a clay subsoil. The country 
 is dotted with bluffs of second-growth poplar and willow. — W. T. 
 Thompson, 1881. 
 
 The soil is excellent and well adapted for cultivation. Along 
 the north there is a belt of timber from IJ to 2 miles wide, and 
 scattered through this region are numerous ponds and grass 
 swamps.— T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 ■ ub-division. — Slopes gently to the north. Soil, first class. 
 Timber along the creek, which runs through the township from 
 south to north. Broken by Indian Reserve.— Z. C. Dupuis, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— The general surface is rolling, and there is a consider- 
 able amount of fresh surface water. The Qu'Appelle River crosses 
 this township, and here widens into one of the lakes known as 
 the Fishing Lakes. The valley is from 250 to 300 feet deep and 
 has many deep coulees leading into it. South of the valley there 
 are numerous clumps of small poplar, and the soil all over the 
 township consists of a clay loam of good quality. There are some 
 trees of poplar in the valley up to 12 inche? North of the river 
 valley, the country is thinly wooded,; except in the coulees. 
 Jumping Creek enters the Qu'Appelle from^ the north.—/. F. 
 Garden, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Roiling country, with a sufficient supply of 
 poplar to meet the requirements of settlers for building purposes, 
 fencing and fuel. Well watered by Jumping Creek, the Fishing 
 Lakes and the Qu'Appelle River The Hudson's Bay Company's 
 reserve occupies portions of Sections 1 and 12, whle the reserve 
 of Standing Buffalo's band includes nearly all the north-west por- 
 tion, and that of Pasquaw, portions of Sections G, 7 and 18. Soil, a 
 rich clay loam, with sandy subsoil, well adapted for agriculture ; 
 first class— Clementi and Hewsonr, 1881. 
 
 21 
 
m 
 
 142 Toioaxhi/ts Weal of Second Initial Meridian, — Ranf^e XIV. 
 
 212. Oullines.—Thi^ snrfaco is generally rolling, and has numcroiuK 
 small marfiht's, in whidh the water is usually good. The soil is a 
 clay loam ol' good quality, on a clay subsoil, and has, in places, aa 
 admixture ol'bund and a slight appearance of surface gravel. In 
 the ea.>it there were visible numerous clumps of small poplars in 
 the vicinity of Jumping Creek. This creek is about 10 to 16 
 feet broad and about 2 feet deep; it has a sluggish current and 
 flows in a valley which is mostly 50 to 70 feet deep, l)ut which 
 increases to 200 at the mouth — J. F. Oardm, l"'8l. 
 
 Sub division. — Ivolling prairie, well drained by several creeks 
 e.nptying into Jumping Creek, which traverses the west side of 
 the township from north to south. It is about 20 chains wide, 
 and, in September, there was water to the depth of 1 foot. In spring 
 it is said to be from 7 feet to 10 feet deep. Its banks, for abont 
 three miles, are bordered with islands of thick poplar, moi;tly of 
 second growth, well adapted for farm purposes. The reserve of 
 {Standing l^uffalo's band includes part of some of the south tier of 
 sections. The land is generally of good quality, more especially 
 in the south part of the i<io,wnship, and particularly in the sections 
 adjoining the Indian Jieaorve ; in the valley of Jumping Creek it 
 is higher, but still fertile. Soil, a rich, sandy loam, from 8 inches 
 to 14 inches, with a clay subsoil; chiefly first class, with soniQ 
 second and third. — A. llame/, 1882. 
 
 28. Outlines. — Except scattered trees along Jumping Creek, the sur- 
 face is generally devoid of bush and rolling. The soil is a clay 
 loam, and of such a nature as to be ranked first class for agricul- 
 tural purposes. In the centre of the township there is a raiige of 
 hills or elevated lands, among which there are numerous sloughs 
 and marshes.—/. F. Garden, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divixinn.— Surhce very much broken. Jumping Creek 
 runs east from the north-west corner, but, turning south in Section 
 S'6, runs south through the centre of the township. Several 
 smaller creeks empty into it, and from these, ravines branch out 
 in every direction. The banks of the ravines are mostly covered 
 WMth poplar and dry underbrush. The former varies in size from 
 fence-rail stuff up to tall trees, 12 inches in diameter. Several 
 islands of poplar also occur in the south-east and south-west 
 portions, mostly of second-growth. Soil, mostly stony and 
 gravelly, except in the valleys, where it is a light sandy loam, 
 with numerous hay marshes; third class. — A. Hantel, 1882. 
 
 24. Outlines.— Along the north the general surface is rolling and 
 undulating, but there are occasional hilly parts with marshes and 
 ponds in the depressions. The soil is good and the land is very 
 suitable for mixed farming. Theie is a fair supply of wood for 
 fuel.— £. Bra?/, 1881. 
 
 Open rolling prairie, with numerous scattered ponds. The 
 poil is a clay loam and the township is generally well adapted 
 for settlement. The south-west in the vicinity of Jumping Creek 
 is hilly and uneven.— J. F. Garden, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Surface generally broken and hilly, especially 
 towards the south-west corner, which is near Jumping Creek in. 
 
 a 
 
 I 
 
2«. 
 
 TnwnHhipx West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XIY. 148 
 
 the east portion there are scattered bluflFs of small second-growth 
 poplar and willow fit for fuel or fencing. The trail between 
 Prince Albert and Qa'Appelle runs through the township nearly 
 north and south. Soil, of poor quality, being mostly gravelly, 
 the hills and ridges being stony and the deeper depressions chiefly 
 deep ponds or marshes ; generally third class. — A. Ilamel, 1882. 
 
 Otitlines. — West — rolling prairie, numerous sloughs were crossed, 
 and small blutfs of poplar were scattered about. Soil, class 2, 
 The east is all hilly praiiie, with scattered poplar bluffs, and 
 many small ponds and marshes. The land is not above class 2. 
 H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Surface uneven, with easy slopes. The ridges and 
 valleys do not maintain any uniformity of direction, but are gener- 
 ally more or less circular in form. The praiiie is much broken bj wet 
 marshes, which have no connection, one with another, or with any 
 watercourse, consequently tnere is a want of drainage facilities. 
 Timber suitable for fencing and fuel is abundant, but .'he poplar 
 is too small for building purposes "Water invariably good. 
 JSoil, in the higher parts, sandy and gravelly, but in the valleys 
 and level laud, the black soil is from two feet to three feet deep, 
 with a marly, white clay subsoil. First, second and third class. — 
 J. A. Snoiv, 1882. 
 
 Oi't/ines. — Going north on the west boundary the first mile is 
 level, with small hills, the second is roiling, and the third is flat 
 and marshy ; the land so far rates third class. The three northern 
 miles are rolling, and class 2. There are small marshes scattered "" 
 along the line, and some sraaU clear and fresh lakes on Section 31. 
 The east is level ai- 1 rolling prairie, interspersed with numerous 
 marshes, poplar blulls and a few tmall hills. A lake which is 
 aitualed in the central pari of Section t'd ci^ntains good water. 
 Class 2. On the north thtre are ^lumerous ponds and marshes, 
 and there are lakes on sitctions do and SI. Class 2.— if. Carre, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Contains a large proportion of wet land, beir.g 
 a succession of narrow, dry ridges and wet marshes, in many of 
 
 ' which the bottom is firm boi! Open, dry prairie, suitable for 
 cultivation, exists only in srrall areas, not exceeding ten acres. 
 Ko streum existing, drdiuage wiU be found difficult In the east 
 and south portions timber is scarce and poor. In the north-west 
 
 'part there are some large bintfs ot small poplar and willow, fornj- 
 ing a good supply fur lut-l and fencing, ."^oil, by no means bad, 
 though a low classification is placed on much of the land, owing: 
 to its low, wet cliaracter. First, second and third class.— J. A, 
 Snow, 1882. 
 
 it7A Outlines — The .s -.rfuce along the northern boundaiy is roUinz- 
 prairie. Numerous large marshes and ponds. The main trail 
 from Fort Ellice to Edmonton crosses the east end of the line 
 diagonally. Bluffs of poplar and willow are scattered about. ^ 
 lar^ marshy lake occupies the north-west comer. The soil is a 
 ■ daia saiidy lOam and gravel ; class 2.— jS. DeviUe, 1880. 
 
■ 
 
 .-(,, 
 
 
 144 TbwHxhips West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XIV. 
 
 North — is prairie, broken by small poplar blulTs ; also a ffroat 
 many largo marshes and ponds wero met with. Fair-sized lakes 
 were crossed on the east hall' of Section 7, the oast half of 9 and 
 the west half of 12. Poplar bush o the banks of the lake in Soo- 
 tion H. Class 2.— II. Carre, 1»81. 
 
 Suh-ilivinon. — Surface rather level and marshes and ponds 
 numerous. The bluffs contain poplar up to 10 inrhes diameter. 
 The prairie openings are small, and seldom entir ly free Irom 
 willows and brush. The main trail from Fort EI o to Touch- 
 wood Hills crosses Section 12. No running streams occur, but 
 the pond aiid marsh water is good. Soil, second and third class. 
 — /. A. Snoio, 1882. 
 
 Si7. Outlines. — The west is rolling land, with scrub poplar, willow 
 brush and burnt poplar. Soil, sandy loam ; class 'J. Numerous 
 small marshes were crossed. A lake intersects this line in Sectioa 
 19. The north of Section 18 is occupied by a lake surrounded by 
 a large marsh, which is wooded along the west shore. A trail, 
 from "Winnipeg to Battleford, crosses Section 18. The east is all 
 rolling land, with a sandy loam soil, and covered with numeroas 
 small marshes and occasional lakelets and ponds. There is much 
 scrub of poplar, together with willow, cherry and hazel brush, 
 among this there are some large poplars. The rating is class 2.— 
 O. J. Ktotz, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Covered with poplar, willow and thick under- 
 brush. "Broken by ponds and marshes. The south-west portioa 
 r is included in an Indian Reserve. A small lake in the north-east 
 quarter of Section 34 was the only water crossed on north line.— 
 /. L. Reid, 1879-80. 
 
 28, Outlines. — The north and west are rolling prairie, interspersed 
 with bluffs of poplar and willow, the poplar averages from 2 to 6 
 inches in diameter. There are also numerous marshes and ponds. 
 A creek crosses Section 85, rising in a small lake to the east of the 
 line. This creek is 14 links wide, 12 inches deep, good water, 
 strong current, and has a stony bottom. A boggy creek crosses 
 Section 34 ; course, north. Soil, sandy loam ; class 1. On the 
 west the soil is sandy loam ; class 2. A dry water-course crosses 
 Section 19. There are three large lakes in the south-east half 
 of Section 6. — ^The east is rolling prairie, having numerous small 
 marshes and ponds. Soil, sandy loam ; class 2. Light, scattered 
 bluffs of poplar. Section 24 is broken by a chain of small lakes, 
 surrounded by a large marsh. — 0. /. Klotz, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — The soil is good, and, although there are a great 
 many ponds and small marshes, many desirable sections for settle- 
 ment could be found. Plenty of wood for fuel and fencing. — /. 
 L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 29. Outlines. — The north' has scattered willow and poplar. A small 
 creek crosses Section 34 and another crosses Section 82 ; course, 
 north-easterly. The Nut Lake trai^ Tosses the north-west half of 
 Section 33. No water of any at ant on this line, but on the 
 west and east there are numerous large lakes and ponds, atid 
 
 I 
 
» t 
 
 80 
 
 Towmhipt West of Second Initial Meridfan.^Ranffe XIV. 14« 
 
 sovoial go.'d hay meadows. On these lines th« soil is minW 
 loum; cua8 2. A iuirt trail to I'elly crosses diaj?onally throuffK 
 bc'ction 0. Another trail to Fishing Lakes crosses SectiJn 18 A 
 nn-'^k two loot deep with good water, slow current, and inarshv 
 shores, crosses the south of Section 30. Along the east l.ne tho 
 land 18 all rolling prairie, with a sandy loam soil ; class 2 Tho 
 surlii.e except in the centre sections, is ovor-grown with iwnlar 
 and willow scrub, among which is some large poplar. The Bur- 
 lace 18 very wet and numerous small marshes, together with a. 
 number ol creeks, occur.— O. J. Klntz, 1880. 
 
 Sub-divmon.~lihQ land lies rather low; there are many good 
 sections, but much of the township is marshy. There is plenty 
 ot timber tor fuel and fencing.—/. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 0«/Vmes.-North-gently-undulating prairie ; thick poplar and 
 willow scrub ; several large marshes. A creek, ten links wide 
 and two leet deep, crosses the line three times in Sediou 86 - 
 course, north. A trail from Touchwood to Nut Lake crosses tho 
 same section. 1 wo creeks cross the line in Section 84— one in 
 three feet deep, and the other is two feet deep and ten links wide 
 Ihere are a lew prairie openings, but thesuriace is mostly covered 
 with dense poplar and willow scrub, and a few large poplars. 
 Classes 2 and H-E. Deville, 1880. ^ popmrs. 
 
 West— rolling land, interspersed with numerous small 
 marshes. Soil, sandy loam ; class 2. Scrub of poplar and willow 
 brush. Odd poplar from two to eight inches in diameter A 
 creek, eighteen inches deep, good water, medium current, firm 
 bottom and marshy banks, crosses the south of Section 6 and 
 the north of Section 7. Another creek four links wide, ten 
 inches deep, with a slow current, crosses Sections 19 and 80- 
 course south-east. On the east the country is rolling, has a 
 sandy loam soil is very wet with small marshes, has a number of 
 fresh- water creeks, and is covered with light bluflfs of poplar, from 
 
 u:del?>^?h'-o'r "/otTsso! ^'""^ '"^"^ "^"^" ^^^ «*^- 
 Sub-division.— nolling country, with numerous marshes and 
 small lakes. The soil is a sandy loam. Plenty of wood for fuel 
 and fencing.—/. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 -/. 
 
'm 
 
 m\ 
 
 ■ i'. 
 
 ' ' ''_ 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XV. 
 
 *X Outlines. — The west is hilly and heavily rolling prairie. Section 
 6 is very stony. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil ; clas» 
 8. The north half of 18 is gravelly ; class 4. A large pond on T. 
 Fair farming land elsewhere. The east is heavily iolling land, 
 Tory stony. The elevations range from CO to 70 feet high There 
 are many small ponds and marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with light 
 clay subsoil; class 3. — A. O Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 The south is rolling and hilly, with many marshes and ponds. 
 Soil, clay loam and clay subsoil, stony ; class 2. A large pond in 
 Section 5. Quite a large lakelet occupies the east quarter of 
 Section 6. Water good.— J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.' — ^This township, although situated in the 
 Coteau, is gently-rolling prairie ; the land is mostly a fair quality 
 of sandy loam, with a clay subsoil. There is a well defined belt 
 of land adjoining the International Boundary line, in which the 
 water is all strongly alkaline. This belt extends across the town- 
 ship almost in a straight line, from the north of Section 1 to the 
 north of Section 7, and thence to the International Boundary. 
 The water in the remainder of the township is fresh. No wood. 
 — C. P. Aylen, 1883. 
 
 S. Oulfifies. — The west is heavily rolling prairie, with elevations- 
 from 20 to 30 feet in height. Many ponds and marshes. Soil, 
 sandy loam, with light clay subsoil • generally class 3. The south 
 half of Section 19 is gravelly ; class 4. A large pond extends 
 across the north of Section 30. The east is heavily rolling 
 prairie, with ridges from 30 to 40 feet high. Many ponds and 
 marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil ; class 3. — 
 A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Sub-division. — The Coteau in this township, instead of being 
 a multitude of small hills and mounds, is a large rolling plain, 
 which differs in no way from the plains beyond, except in having 
 greater elevation and more numerous small lakes and ponds. 
 There is no wood whatever in the township. The land is of fair 
 quality and may be rated as class 1. A large pond was crossed 
 in Section 31. A creek crosses the central portion of Section 34, 
 and flows north. — C. P. Aylen, 1888. 
 
 8. Outlines. — East — undulating and rolling prairie. A few marshes 
 were crossed. Soil, sandy loam, with gravel and clay subsoils ; 
 class 2. Long Creek crosses the north-east quarter of Section 24. 
 Good farming land. — C. P. Aylen, 1888. 
 
 The west is hilly prairie ; several marshes and ponds were 
 crossed. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil ; class 8. The 
 elevations range from 40 to 60 feet high.— il. O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 Sub-division. — The north is unaulating and rolling prairie. 
 Soil, sandy and gravelly loams, With sand, clay and gravel sub- 
 
 r 
 
 'M 
 
T 
 
 IbumiMps West of Second Initial Meridian —Range XV I4T 
 
 «oil8 ; classes 1 and 2 Long Creek crosses tho north-east of the 
 township ; it is 2J feet deep ; current, 10 chains an hour • banks 
 8 teet high. The east is also undulating and rollinff, and has 
 :a sandy loam soil on clay, gravel and sand subsoils ; class 2 Lono- 
 "Creek leaves the township on Section 24. Generally, and througlT- 
 •out other portions of the township, the nr.d, as a rule, is of fair 
 •quality, although a few sections are somewhat inferior About 
 *0 per cent is class 1 ; the remainder class 2. There is no wood 
 ■whatever.— C P. Aylen, 1883. 
 
 4. 0?/^/e«es.— North— undulating prairie Soil, clay loam, with clay 
 subsoil, with patches of gravel and cactus ; class 2. .Sections 36 
 36, 34 and 83 are partly burnt over. There is a large slough ia 
 the west half of Section 31.— J. iWcL/c/z/e, 18S1. 
 
 East-undulating prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with clay and 
 gravel subsoils ; class 1. No wood or water.— t'. /'. Aykn\ laSS. 
 
 The west is rolling and hilly prairie; s.-vetal marshes and 
 ponds. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil; class 2. A 
 cart trail crosses the south half of Section 19 A small creek runs 
 in a valley in the central portion of Section 7. Water in ponds • 
 no current ; its banks are ^0 feet high— J. O. Wh-tfer, l883. 
 
 Sub-division.— Smvejed the east and south boundaries, and 
 ■«nb-divided this township. It contains, perhaps, as good land as 
 can be found in the valley of Long Creek, which enters it at 
 Section 30 and leaves at Section 3 The alluvial soil is sandy 
 loam, of good depth and fair quality ; the subsoil is a tenacious 
 clay. There is an abundance of water at all seasons of the year ; 
 large quantities of coal, but no wood whatever. Long Creek, like 
 all streams in this region, varies greatly in its flow at different 
 seasons of the year, being quite a large stream in the sprin"-, and 
 comparatively insignificant in the fall , its average width may 
 be reckoned at 80 links, its depth at H feet, and its current at less 
 than 1 mile an hour. The land is class i.—C. P. Ai/len, 1883. 
 
 5. Chtlines.— Surveyed all the boundaries; the conntw is high and 
 rolling, and generally fair, arable land. Some s 1 on y ravin »^s, with 
 small brooks running in them, cross the townshii>. *- >n f he north, ' 
 Sections 31, 32, 33 and 34 are stony, and th^ .«oil is a h-avv clay •* 
 classes 2 and 3. On Section 32 a drv b,«d , f a stivara <n-05=ses the 
 cast halt. In this and Section 33 the suilaco soil is mostly gone. 
 Sections 3:» and 3fi arc the best, and have a soil of da-k clay loam * 
 class 1.— T. Faivcett, 1881. 
 
 ^ Sub-division.~Snrhce is high androllir.g. Bould. rs were met 
 With in some of the ravines. .Soil is of t le poorest character, 
 having apparently been washed away at some past period by a 
 flood. Subsoil is clay. No timber whatever —E. famrd, US:i. 
 
 •- 0«/?me.s— Surveyed all the boundaries. This township has a 
 Jhigh and rolling surface, and may be rated as good, arable land. 
 Tliero are some ravines in which small streams run, and in the 
 
 Vicinitv of which fhp Innrl lO ctnnrr anA r^^c,V...A ^„f T>— 
 
 «0 to 70 per cent, of the land is available.— T. Fawcett, 1^81 
 10** 
 
 'I 
 
 T> 1 1-1_ 
 
48 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian-. — Range XV. 
 
 7'f 
 
 
 Snh-division. — ^The land is a little better than Township '^o. 
 ' 6 to the south, and described above, still the quality is only se^^oud 
 and third class, and lit simply for pasturage. No timber. — E. 
 Fajard, 18«2. 
 
 '7. Outlines. — The soil is first class, and suitable either for grazing" 
 or agriculture. There are several marshes in a diagonal line 
 acrobs the township from the north-west corner. — T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 Sub-uivision. — Open, rolling prairie. About four sections in 
 the north- west corner are partly covered by a lake and partly by 
 a large marsh The latter produces good, long grass, and furnishes 
 water fit to drink ; but the lake is rather muddy and its water 
 bad. Various smaller marshes, providing good hay and fresh, 
 water, occur. Soil, clayey and sandy loam, 6 to 18 inches deep ; 
 generally first-class. — C. G. S'leppard, 1882. 
 
 8. Outlines — The north has an inferior soil compared with the ricli 
 soil of Moose Mountain. There are more stones than desirable. 
 The marshes are dried up, and there is a considerable growth of 
 cactus.— O J. Klolz, 1881. 
 
 West and east— contains excellent loamy soil, and has a nicely 
 rolling surface. At the south-west corner several sections are 
 ,. submerged by the lake. — T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 iSub'-division. — High, dry prairie, with a gently-rolling sur- 
 face. Numerous hummocks cause the ground to be lumpy and 
 rough m places, and it is more or less strewn with stones. A 
 shallow lake in the south-west corner covers about four sections. 
 It is rather marshy on the north-west and south-east sides. A 
 watercourse, which was dry in September, runs from the south- 
 east margin of the lake in a north-easterly direction to the Souris 
 River, wiiich crosses Section 36 diagonally from north-west to 
 south-east. iNo timber. Soil, 3 to 18 inches deep, with sandy 
 loam or ht-avy clay subsoil ; chiefly first and second class. — O. G. 
 
 Sheppard, 18f^2, 
 
 • 
 
 9. OM^/rwes.— Generally along the north and east the surface is very 
 level and dry ; a few fine hay meadows are located in the centre 
 of this township A large percentage of the soil is heavy brown 
 clay, which will make excellent wheat raising land. Along the 
 north the surface is hummocky and very rough in places ; class 2, 
 Section 34 is low and wet. A creek and several hay meadows in 
 Section 31, The north is best adapted for grazing purposes. 
 The east is rough and very dry. Soil, clay loam ; class 1. Section 
 18 has a very rich clay loam. There is a large hay meadow in 
 24.—/. G. Sit/g, 1882 
 
 Along the west the soil is rated class 2, being rough and of 
 a hard whitish clay. There are numerous cactus plants abont, 
 showing poor land.— il, C. Talbot, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie, with no timber of any 
 kind. A large slough crosses the township from north-west to 
 south-east. The surface of the land is very hard, and stony in 
 places. Soil, 2 to 4 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; third class. 
 — /. Warren, 1882. 
 
 '*"i 
 
nwn,ki„ We3l 0/ Second Initial Meridim-Sange XV. I49 
 
 the north o?'this C t« ofLd ''T,! *' ^J? ^'^''' 'yi-St- 
 
 land. Alon" th^ o.lf tLf -i ■ ' J"** """his good grazinjr 
 
 . 1 and 2, exc^p? SecS 8« 2 'k '"?''''. '"',* "'"5^ loams, classS 
 
 balanced exSbn? and f. 'w"l! adlnt'/V "^'"^ ■ ^ """* «• ^he 
 /. G, Sing, 1082. adapted for farming purposes.— 
 
 surfa?eV?Htrundu'law\';'7f ^""^ \'^' <='"»« '■"• cultivation ; 
 marshes and s^mps Z"nv .hi?r'"«' S?"'" ""> "'«^' »»merons 
 these marshes TSaX Ltt^'?' f diameter. The water of 
 
 . good for pa.tura|^T'j ffl ^Jslb"'"' ^'"^ " P'™"'"' -""1 
 
 very ta;ttteMemw''' ttt'' ^ -"^'T' "^'^^O' ^-^"^ wa, 
 aniTerymtfeiaetW Vi? ''■"I "",''' '"" """^e^ found 
 where tLgm "had escaped Te'^.lf ''"' ^'l^' ""'^'^''^ '»* bu? 
 wood. Soilahardelav'^tf.t ?.fF°"'''^»''"™'™t- No 
 a dry season soi^e partJ'bri^lT"''' ?" ™''5' '^J®'=«" '» "'ork in 
 east^quarter ! Zt" cZss!-^!,!^!/,^/'^'™'"''^ ""^ ""*■ 
 
 — il. C. Talbot, 1882. Plentiful and good for pasturage. 
 
 is com;l7ati™lf SiiTul'' Vjf P^-^'^y ^o" ^ class 2. Water 
 streams! Therl is no wood in tlf. J""* u- "T"^ ^y « couple of 
 from Moose M„„ritZTaCdrer)'"^'' 'C 18^8^ ""'""^'^ 
 
 withXsuS-'/fira'u^vr'""^^™"^ «°" «''^yi^^^ 
 
 class. sIverKall cS of ^' „r'"T"« '™"' *^^' '°^«=™i 
 near the centre o"tLtownshif°L!;''''",r''' """ ""''• ™d 
 Within ten rail.s.-tZTsT^^i^VJ-^^.r'^^- "" ^'^ 
 
 land well Jda^tSX'^tcutX'i^^lVc'^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 nnduY^ui^ttrirelrjlnTrt'"^^ V°' ™^"^^°^^^ 
 marshes il general nreftvJl^ tV* ™^'"1"'- '^'»' ^a'^ « 
 
 good for pastura''g:ZrS"kr'l8j^ ^'"^ '^ P'«"«f»>' ""I 
 
 classt mt"Zr'l';i:;'r'™' -'^good cfa^olL'^soil ; first, 
 with. No w°ood of auv Idnd^ ?T'''' """* ^ "" ™"'^' ''^"o met 
 With a clay subi°[l"Li;;:t .„«AXTl8^2^ '° ^ '-"- "-P' 
 
 r?uS't-?t°" »-'"?'' "'^ ''^"-"^ "'■»-' •"«> -1 -7 
 10}*# '" "" "ater.^Kept in Wascana Creek on Section 
 
 18. 
 
aSO Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^e XV. 
 
 82, where there is good water 8J feet deep (June/ and slow cni> 
 TMit There is very little allivvial soil, except in a few places the 
 ^1 being Ilmost all a stiff grey clay ; class, 2. The southern 
 Wion of the east side of this township is somewhat low and 
 K hv Surface, generally very level, but rough, and covered 
 wUh hummocks. The soil, however, is good as a ru e, and con- 
 lis s of cCloam subsoil with a few inches of alluvial soil cover- 
 IT it ol Section 24, Wascana Creek, a stream of slow water, 
 20 links iWidth and h feet deep, was crossed. The banks are 
 low and gravelly ; a few small boulders are scattered about here 
 which can be used for building purposes- J. &. Sing, IWZ. 
 ^^ %llt-The soil is clayey, and class 1 for cultivation Surface, 
 undulatinff with numerous marshes and swamps. The water m 
 ^e marsh?; Ts good, grass plentiful, and good pasturage. - il. 0. 
 
 Talbot, US2. 
 
 S«6-rfim\ston.-High, rolling prairie, generally dry, only one 
 marsh of any consequence having been noticed. Wascana Creek 
 bosses the north-east corner in a north-westerly direction. It& 
 banks are here from .15 to 20 feet high, and the stream itself in 
 Kember averaged Id feet in width, with a very sluggish cur^ 
 S i^any alalL The north boundary of Section 9 and the east 
 boundary of 8, cross a deep gully, dry at the above date. The 
 ^onS rather stony in places, the surface being also somewhat 
 Smov and rou-:. Soil, clayey loam, in places sandy or gravellv, 
 froTsto lynches de^p, 4itl clayey ov --^yj-- ^^^^^ ' 
 chiefly first class, with some second.- C G. Sltejjpard, 1882. 
 
 14. OuUines^The first two miles of the south part of this township 
 islalidof class:: and 3 in quality, being alkaline flats, with ponds 
 of badwatef From .section 13 northwards, the .oil improve^ 
 Tery miTch and changes to a fine cloy loam with an alluvia soil, b 
 7ncheneep, covering it A few surface stones here and there.- 
 
 •^- "" We^f-thf soil is clay, and class 1 for cultivation Surface 
 ■nndulatin- with numerous marshes and swamps The water m 
 ?he marsSeJs good; the grass plentilul, and good for pasturage. 
 — il. a Talbot, 1882. _ 
 
 Svb-d'vi^ion.-The north part is rolling prairie, with a teW 
 marshes arid Ponds. The south part is level praine and very dry. 
 mscana (or '^P ie of Bones ") Creek crosses the south-west corner ; 
 Se water there n is fresh, but that in nearly all the ponds and 
 m!rres is alkaline. An old trail crosses the township from north 
 Tsou h. Soil, m the north part, a clay loam, about ii inches deep 
 wi h clay subsoil ; in the south part, a st^ff clay, full of cra^s 
 with a hard, stifl clay subsoil ; generally second class -J. J. Mo 
 kenna, 1882, 
 IB 0„tlives -North and west-the soil is class 2, although of a fertile, 
 s^ndv natur^^^ ground is only slightly iindulating, except m 
 
 sanay naiure. '"^o. hr-Hn an*! h«s numerous small 
 
 the south, wnere u is moic div,k..u a..i- >-— 
 
 marshes,-^. C Talbot, 1882. . 
 
18. 
 
 7>>,..M,>.. W..t nf Second Initial Mer^an.^nan^ ^r, Ul 
 
 loaxn^'^TJ: sSi!^ "' ll^hr '1^^ ^^^f ^ -^ sand and cla^ 
 Creek was crossed • iU^ a'i^e^. ^It-oo'l^l-^-'^ ^^^ f-anl 
 eet deep. w.ter fresh and -ood Th'. ;V 'i' '''''^*^ ^^^ 2 
 
 invariably bad, while those contirnt\^^f" ^^^5^' ^^' ^^*«^ «« 
 and good -/. G. Sins; "ggV""^^""'"^ '^^^^^^ ^nd gras^ are fresh 
 
 -ars£^aiS^^;f °^{i;2^:^t:eS^h — ous iresh water 
 
 direction across the north- Scornor fh?f '"] "i "^^^h-westerly 
 stony. Soil, clay loam aboii /■ ^ /» t ' ^^ ^^^"^ ^^'^"^ ^^^ banks k 
 the ridges, where t!s 'sandy 1^^ f f ff ^' {"""''^ "^ ^ ^^^ «^ 
 class.-/. / JMcKenna, 18«2 "^'^^ ^ '^^^ "^^^ «^»>««il; second 
 
 ^"^ W r;:^p' ; d^ l!!^^^^^^^^^^^ with some ponds and 
 
 Water can be obta^eS from fondf and i'V"?''' ^^"""^^'^^^ '^^ 
 Sing, 1882. ^ "'^^' ^^^ '^ *^^^«^i ^^d good.—X O. 
 
 with clay fubsofl. Goodt^ ^^nr^o^^^^^^^^ t ^"^^^' 
 
 marshesandlakesmetwithfhronlnnf f^ I ^ ^''^"^ *^^ ^«^all 
 of any kind. .7. ./. Francis, im^ *^^ township. No wood 
 
 ^^o^w^':r?^i^^ ^"1'°^^^ generally rolling 
 soil is a fair second cL^^'ni i^ 4;ts"w t 5? 'l^ ^^^^^^i ^hf 
 grass swamps Goini; west on ?ha' ^^^,«^.^ ^^red ponds and 
 country is entered. wi^h^Cerom ma]]""^ ' }!'''' ^ '^^^' ^^^^^^ 
 and poplar and willow bS is >T?'''^'';-^'''' '"^'^"^^ 
 miles, when the prairie becnm'.^ ^l^ continues for three 
 
 pouds and ..a.hLr fct^'rSf iTst '"^"^' "■"» "" 
 
 34. Poplar oV grea « d,2 1,1 ^ f "1 ■'*"r'"'lf <>' Section 
 about 9 or 10 inches'-deeo wTth ll T"^ ■« Section 80. Soil, 
 
 w?;a4:rnVpikKsr%:j,'\r"f ^-- ™i wa. 
 
 gravel sirbLiU, clas/s A T; ^^?i'; "'"^ ''"«°' with clay aiid 
 
 dott«d"vth^;*,^.''a'!.^'t,,t;'" 'r '^ '""'"^ »"'-• '"-"T 
 
 There are sca^iod Pomls» l^r^rtn^^r^ter p','.™' ^'^ 
 the township.- T. Kains, 1881 ^"^^aaows. ihe C.P.K. crosses 
 
 Sub-division. — Rollino- nrnirio .,i.-v,^ .t x- i 
 c ,-,,1- 1 j'vvj'imit^ iffdine. almo.sr pnt"*"!" '"^i'q-i4 — ••* 
 
 xne ^.1 .ji. crosses the south part. "Water 
 
 17. 
 
II; 
 
 152 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XV. 
 
 19. 
 
 SO 
 
 21. 
 
 b--;l 
 
 23. 
 
 of fair quality was found in numerous small ponds. McLean 
 Station on the west boundary. Soil, 10 to 15 inches deep, with 
 chiefly a clay subsoil ; second and third class.— ^. Hamel, 1882. 
 Outlines^— The north is rolling and undulating prairie, with a few 
 bluffs of poplar and willow in places. Soil, clay loam, with clay 
 subsoil, and mostly first class. The west is also rolling prairie, 
 with poplar and willow bluffs, but with numerous grass swamps. 
 The soil IS clay loam, with clay subsoil ; class 2. A small creek 
 crosses Section 7 ; it has a rapid current. A lake is situated in 
 the north half of Section 18. Good farming land.— If. B. Proud- 
 foot, 1882. ' 
 
 The east is rolling and undulating prairie, with a few scat- 
 tered ponds and willow swamps. A ravine runs through Sections 
 24 and 12 crossing the line three times in the former and four 
 times in the latter, and having a dry water course.-- T. Kains, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— 1& high, dry prairie. Soil, a rich, clay loam, in 
 some places gravelly, and here and there granite boulders near 
 the surface. This township, considering the quality of the land, 
 and Its ^cihties for railway communication (being near the main 
 line of the C.P.R.) may be consid red one of the most favorably 
 situated for settlement in the North- West. All the aron-numbered 
 sections, at time of survey, were occupied by squatters, who had 
 built small log-houses and made numerous other improvements. 
 Ihe southern tier of sections in this township is dotted with 
 numerous groves of poplar, which will, for some little time, fur- 
 nish a fair supply of fuel to the incoming settler. The remainder 
 ot the town-^ip is almost destitute of wood.- J. McArthur,\i%2. 
 Subdivision.— Except part of the southern tier of sections, is all 
 m an Indian Reserve. Open prairie, devoid of timber. Soil, 
 second class Sections 5 and 6 partly covered bv a marsh.— J" 
 McArthur, 1882. 
 
 Otttlines.— The north is high-rolling, open prairie, with numeron^ 
 J^ffP Poji<38 and marshes. Stony on ridges Loamy soil; class 1- 
 The Qu'Appelle River crosses the township and here widens into 
 what IS called the Fishing Lakes. The soil is a clay loam.—/. F. 
 Garden, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.—TrmcipdWj rolling prairie, with scarcely timber 
 enough for the recfairemeiits of the first settlers. There are 
 numerous sloughs. The Indian instructor reaped the following 
 to the acre, from seed sown on the first breaking, viz : potatoes, 
 270 bushels ; spring wheat, 30 bushels ; and oats, 55 bushels. He 
 had also heavy crops of carrots, turnips, onions and other roots. 
 The portion south of the Fishing Lakes forms part of an Indian 
 Keserve. Soil, a sandy loam, mixed with gravel ; first and second 
 class. — Clementi and JHeirson, l»8l. 
 
 Outlines.—The north is rolling and undulating prairie land. 
 JNumerous marshes and ponds. ' Soil, black loam ; gravel on 
 TiYges ; classes 1 and 2. On the v\ jst and east the country is 
 rolling and open, with a good clay loam soil and scattered ponds 
 and marshes, which are generally fresh.— 7. F. Garden, 1881. 
 
^ l^nships West of Secnd Initial Meridian.-^IUnge XV. 168 
 
 than from 20 fJet [o 80 feet «W« .l^'^'^'^''^^^^^^ «^^^«^ °»ore 
 Which there is usuallv a tntl? ^^^^ ^^]^ceni depressions, in 
 
 neither outle norTnlet These nnn'^ °' '^""S'^, "^ ^^*«^' ^^^^^^ 
 grass, and bordered wth a We of ' *'' ""^f/^ overgrown witS 
 In the east tier ol seSns theJp^«rf „ f ^ '"''jP ^^P^""^ «^ ^^^low. 
 poplar, useful for f^el but not Lt ^^\«^;!^"ere.l bluffs of small 
 The remainder ^f the to wri«hU^ T"?^ ^^^ ^"^ other purpose. 
 to the irregXrity of the suii- ^™« 
 
 ■ to an area of from^five to en '«';« ^^tL"^'"/" ^''ir^ ^^ ^^^^^^^S 
 
 '^' numrr^ur'^st?^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^-^^ and marshes are 
 
 . classes 1 and t'' A t^alrosIefseX/^r' The tT ^" "^^f.^ ' 
 
 • township is open rolling- nr«,- vL !. • ? , . balance of the 
 
 xange of heaX ioTlil^L^l/ir' ^'^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^"^ ^^i^. except a 
 
 l>roketYu?i£r-i;'steTeS;:^^^^ --e^ -d 
 
 filoughs. Smal bluffHf nonW L.^^^^^^^^ ^^^ 
 
 varying in size from one inch t' !?*^ "^-^"T ^•^°""^' **^« former 
 north-lest quarter is hic^honlu te/""'^'' •'" ^^""'*^'- "^lie 
 ponds havini fringes of STn'r^f' ^"l P'^'"?' ^^^^^ numerous 
 of sections, fVom east t wesf fh "'^r *^'"^ . ^^ *^« "^^^^le tier 
 
 and ponds. WaterTi. +hl 3,?k u u ^''''"^' ^'^^ ^ ^^^ marshes 
 class.— /. A ^^«o«;, 1882: g^a^eJ, with clay subsoil; jBrst 
 
 and there is a irood Rnnnl^r ^f f . .i, r J^ a capita] cJay loam. 
 
 Of the -k caTb^e ai^di^^':^^';:^r„,7;i- ^'^^ "'■•' '-<'« 
 
 pond, and .longh. i bra„oh°'^r S^L.g 'S-i^L^ZS 
 
kBE ' %'r 
 
 «\ 
 
 ^I^^BK ; 
 
 I: < I 
 
 I' V 
 
 
 151 'Itiu/nJujji Wen uj Stcoud Initial Mendian- 
 
 • linage XV 
 
 »5 
 
 Sections 31, 30, 29, 1^, 20, 21, 15, 14, 11 and 12. on either side of 
 wiiica stream ilie bai'.ks are invariably steep and irre<'ular Its 
 valley vanes in width from 10 to 40 chaias. The cre^'k in Sep- 
 tember, had from H to 20 inches of water, with a slow current. A 
 branch of the creek had its bed dry, The trail from Qu' Appelle to 
 rnnce Albert traverses Sections 6, 6 and 7. The water is general ly 
 good and soft. The bluffs contain poplar from 2 to 6 inches ia 
 diamwtHr. feoil. h to 2\ inches deep, with clay snbsoil, ffra\relly ia 
 the valleys of tho creeks ; lirst class.— 7. A. Snow, 1882 
 
 0«//»«e.v. -North -rolling prairie, with grassy swamps, ponda. 
 blup of poplar and willow. Class 2. West -rolling prairiZ 
 With numerous hay meadows, small marshes and poplar bluffs. 
 bection i has small boulders, the surface is very stony. A lanre 
 ravine runs through Sections 6, 7 and 18, it has high steep banla, 
 with a creek flowing in the valley ; these sections are creatlv 
 broken by this ravine. Class 2. • East-rolling prairie - 
 numerous sloughs; small bluffs of poplar. Soil, class 2.— JT 
 Carre, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division —Contains some fine openings of clear prairie. 
 with heavy blufls of poplar and willow ; the former is sometimes 
 as large as ten inches in diameter. The land is generally desirw 
 able the only inferior quality being in the valLy and alonir tha 
 banks of Long Creek. Soil, first, second and thir. 
 Snow, 1882 
 
 26. 0«</mes.— The west is undulating prairie, with bluffs of timber 
 numerous small ponds and marshes. Class 2. The east i» 
 roliing prairie, lutersporsed with numerous small ponda aiid 
 marshes and bluffs of poplar ; the poplar averages from four to 
 eight inches m diameter. A cart trail and the telegraph line to 
 Qu Appelle run through Section 1 from north to south. Another 
 cart trail to Touchwood runs north through Section 12. Class 2 
 •^H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divisioa.-^UoWmg country, with a large proportion or 
 dry arable land. The main trail from Qu'Appelle to Touchwood 
 llilis enters at feection 12 and passes' out at Section 35. Sections 
 1>< to 6\ inclusive, are included in the reserve of Gordon's band. 
 Long Creek, a tributary of the Qu'Appelle, drains the west side 
 of the township. A dry watercourse in the north-west pouiom 
 will afford adequate drainage to that part All water found wa& 
 good, and there is abundant timber for all purposes. Soil, lira 
 and second class.— J. A. Snow, 1^82. 
 
 ^7 A. Outlines. -^ovth-romng prairie, with thick willow and poplar 
 f.n?i; n -i J^l^^k «audy loam , class 2. Many marsh^^d 
 ponds. 1 rail from Qu'Appelle to Touchwood crosses Section IL 
 A lake occupies part of Section 8 and the Little Touchwood Hills 
 rise south and west from here, the next Section (") havinir a 
 gradual rise westward.— E Devi/fe, 18S0 *^ 
 
 o„^ N^^'.th-ryolJing Prairie, interspers: -1 with numerous marshes 
 and poplar bluffs and willow. A cart trail to Touchwood crosses. 
 
 A lakB is R'tu^b^d i^ +^'^ ^^^.^^.^i 
 
 the north half of Section 11. 
 
2V. 
 
 2S. 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian, ^Range XV J65 
 
 ao^d^n'^^S^^Llr:^^^^^^^ lakes are situated in Section 8, 
 Section 7 ; cl^it^k'TlZ """"''^"'^^ '^° *^^^» "^ 
 
 common. Gordon™ Reserve fit ''"*^ ^^P^*'' *"^ ^'"«^ «« 
 
 Section 13 soc^eupredW^^^^^ 'f. ?^ "^-"^^ ^^ ^ 
 
 which is wooded a on^rlLJl «"^^o«nded by a larjre marsh. 
 
 to Battleford tl^^.:^.^^^^^ jcL'llt^ "^^""'^ 
 
 ment. There Ls^alS^ Proportion of land suitable for settle- 
 there bluffs of popkr amon^^^^^^ T^ marshes, and here and 
 
 1880-81. ^ ^ '^^''^ *^^^^ underbrush.-/. L. Reid^ 
 
 ranges from^TrSesTf dTam^^^^^^^^ ^r^^"^- '^T^ ' ^^^ P^P^^ 
 ponds, and a sandv loat, In i o Occasional marshes and 
 
 laches deekgood water do^Vn'^"'! ^' . ^ ""'^'^ « ^''^^ ^^e. S 
 north throujr^h ^^0^35^ ^^^^Y bottom, flois 
 
 and forms a large g assy mJh "^^«\r"'^" ^'^ '"^ ^^'^ «^««^ 
 stony. A laro-p ift! 7 "^^l^^-^ On the west, some parts are 
 
 Outlines. —VJ^iift anr? «nc:+ -^^ir ■ . 
 
 li.-ht bluffs ofVopkfardtilW^^^^^^ T7 -i«^ 
 
 marshos were crossed S^n ^i ^^^T**^ Ipige lakes and 
 ranges from '> to 10,n.>,a.-' f:''^Y}o^ra- class 2. The poplar 
 
 and°fa.^7"rpol:s''Snthee"a.ftirtSl^^^^^^^ ''' ^'^ 
 
 1, and a trail to Fishino- hake IcHo f^ a^^^'^ ^'^''^'' '^*^"*^<>"^ 
 36.— O. /. /rA./c, 1880 Section 13. A creek crosses Section. 
 
 and wIlt'^ln'tiiT'^towLhin ^''^* ^^*?'^'7 "^ ^^'^^t^^^'i P°Pl«^ 
 alsoafairpronortLnTl!^^^^ '^'<^'^ underbrush, but 
 
 few sm. 1 .nJ S u""^ adapted to settlement. There are & 
 
 A^rkli^^Th^ou^h^fetfon 's^tfA'^ "?' -^^^ ^^^^ jf ^^'"^ 
 section in a -arsh A .^n . i ' ^'^'^^"ff !*« rise in the above 
 
 flows north throuo-h ih^^l f '"'' ^'?'''' ^^^*^*^^ ^2, and another 
 Reid, 1880-81 = western portion of the township.-J. £. 
 
 «0. 0?.//7W,.-North-ffently-undul«tincr«„^'.jill„_„:„. .„_• , 
 
 scrub, scattered nonlars'nnrl «„^""° -"iiy ^.^ainc, vviiu tmcK: 
 
 itreu poplars and numerous marshes. Trail to Quill 
 
 29. 
 
156 
 
 lowmhips Wett of Second Initial Meridian. —Range XV. 
 
 Lake croBses the west of Section 85. The eastern slope of the Big 
 Touchwood Hills 18 situated on the west half of the liiio, and is 
 ihickly wooded. Toplar ranges from 6 to 12 inches in diameter, 
 llie land averages class 2.—E. DeviUc, 1880. 
 
 West-rolling laud, with thick popiar, from 2 to 8 inches in 
 diameter; also willow and hazel underbrush. Soil, light sandy 
 loam ; class 2. There are a great many small marshes. A small. 
 8wamp> oreok, slow current and good water, was crossed in Sec- 
 tion 6Q. Jiast-^rollmg land, interspersed with numerous small 
 marshes |.oil, sandy loam ; class 2. Scrub of poplar and willow 
 brush ; odd poplar, f.-om 2 to 8 inches in diameter. A creek 18 
 inches deep, good water, medium current and marshy banks 
 crosses the south of Section 1 and the north of Section 12. 
 Another creek, 10 inches deep, crosses 24 and 25- course Bouth- 
 eaflt — O. /. Klotz, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.^ -^ThQxe is a great quantity of scattered poplar 
 Mid willow in this ii wo ship, and much thick underbrush, bat 
 also a iair proportion ct land adapted to settlement. There are a 
 few small lakes i*nd mijshes.— /, L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF FIJTHLMmL MEKIDIAN. 
 
 Range XViT^ 
 
 1881. ''' " »°°"^ '^"■^ '"""""S I'nrposes.-/. llcLalchie, 
 
 rery^fc;r'siu'''ilLrL''r'"-';.'°}f'r ","■"«• Section 1 is 
 
 .. "UU-ted m the south half of sfction Y2 I'S o (rLt^ls'sr 
 
 ranges of hills buf in ht» ? " 'L^Tu" '""'•° " '^ss well defined 
 ntte^r confufioi.%". a"d is o? ™?iahl J "" '^r^ '"S"'"" '» 
 are apparently cood rhill „,i, '" ^"'''''y : some sections 
 
 The water in allThe^ondfn ^L V^ covered with boulders. 
 
 is class l.the rla?nder ell o Th?'i''?i f™' 50 per cent. 
 «,nd and clay l„an,s, sub Jrc^ aJdlr^^^f-'a-p^t'S 
 
 classes 1 and 2. The r. Va m,ml S ?? r'''"""'' !'"">■ '" P'"™' = 
 of Section 31 A lame ™?„ „f V v'""'"'" '''"" "' "^^ ""'to 
 portion of Section sfinL "* ^'^"'' """P'"* "i" '=™lral 
 1881. *'• " '" """y ""es in citent.-J. McLatchie, 
 
 to so'^ttXph 1'ori";fd''mlhr'''^^"""' ""s'-f^ '-» 20 
 
 loam with Lht il.!, J , ™™"<'S "■'e numero'is. Soil, sandv 
 
 * mm.vT;:":;^''^'''""^^' ^^"^^ ^^^^en and stony prairie with 
 
 elevations range from 40 i>, (10 foMf'^Ki„h--^rr) Ik ,•■•%.- ^ 
 
 beinir a sandv lon^ . '^ •" ^,^^«^^^«hip i« uniformly good, 
 Demg a sandy loam, varynig m depth from G to 10 inches, with a 
 
158 
 
 '4 
 
 
 TUrnshi;,, H'.,/ of Second Initutl Mri,(ian.-Mun^e XVI 
 
 6. 
 
 water i» ull iVcT TWr« „ . 5 ""i""'."'" '"'"■'" ""'' 1«'"<1». tho 
 
 *' °«1t w~al!i''.r:i!',;:rt.'"'r,'''''' ri""^ p"^"">- ^'■f">nn 
 
 largo .Sh«, ..,«,e3 rfiurt. r^ time,'!"'"sS„°8 '"l"*- A 
 a groat many p'oni am S'arAorSn '^ ""^/'r"™^V"' ^'^^ 
 
 I-ng Creek oros:rl:'f„^iT•ft„'m no^r'^LtLuthl',; "/T '• 
 pond. dL^.rt.rSll'-S%1^4;T88r^-'^ wate. i. 
 
 occnr on the top of the ridffe.Tn?^h„ .i ^^ """y boulders 
 from stonoa. T^re are "Serous pon^°7: 7 ^llTf^"^ 
 ^dl' ara"i^smXl;ra' """'' -»" - »f-»nVatro?^^,: a." 
 
 appears to W L^c?n w«^}.?I '"'/^'*'. '°'^' "orth and east. 
 
 Section 18 rwafer ill "I Wo iTT ,""= """•"' '1""'^' "^ 
 yie-'*"*ntoi"-"3L'Tv!'''''''' f^"" ™ "gricultural point of ' 
 
 no. oil, Ziy7:ji:i'^iZvZrZr''''r, ^'r'^- •-»* 'wok 
 
 gir^tljl^.- -- -- ^u;. wu,M^ 
 
 na\t been washed away, leaving a hard, ' • " " " 
 
 «■nl^^io 
 
 to 
 
 sun-dried, clayey surface. 
 
13^ 
 
 ^TitrVZ :ii;trSi:^r ' bouMers which lie on the su. 
 it remains. The^irasso whIch'U'ow ""^'t ''? ""^^^^'^^'^ ^^ere 
 very nutntiou«.-'T. FawTett i^fl'''' ^" *^« '^"^ «^«. however, 
 
 A wet couLV orosl;. tl, n"oWhTa,f n 's^ 'r^'^^l^ ' ^.^r^' ^ andT 
 slonirh croRsos tho lino tV oe in So^f ^S?"° V" ^ ^^"ff' "^"^"ow 
 
 inent are Sections"25 2G a^fd as^^fi^ll^*' tow„,i ^^ ^^^ for settle- 
 *llu MBl «oll. with a harVday in^V^^V' ''" '"^^«« ^^ 
 level prairie Soil, sand and ffrTvoTwif^v^^'" ^^J^'^"" '^^^ 
 . some places, and all third class ana Lv. r ^'u '^ ^.^^^ ^'^«« '»» 
 -E. /'rt/arr/, 1882. quality. ISfo timber of any kind.— 
 
 ^* -mfc^c^^r^r^^^^^^^^ f--,i dry, poor and lumpy • 
 
 ^vidin^the Ootelu rM\:o r^T^^^ i« the height of lL!d 
 Jams to the north, and former \l fouth and the Somis 
 
 Kiver, flowing, somh ,!^,s Tij^li a7^*%'^'^ °^ *b« ««""» 
 north-west.-O. 7. KlofZim ^'^ "^^"^ ^'*^^^' lowing 
 
 Hubtiivmitn. — Level' nnrl^. n- 
 grey clay, some of it sha low sa^dv"^^^ pnncipallv hard, 
 
 soil, mixed with Lnavel d^s^L V ?'o^" .""^ ^ ^^^^ clay sul^ 
 mostly granite. V^ery 1 ttK w ' ft"^ ^^ ^^f^^i^rable stones, 
 small crocks, or rath.-r the he) ^nf ' ^^^'\^^^ ^ f«w ravines with 
 water on the 1st of August no run,^!'"^ ""'"*^' ^°^^"'S ^ li^^le 
 
 a». Ifutlmes. — Alono- fhp nnrfk +i> 
 
 imd hummockv;\nd cove^^^t-itr"'"'^ '^^^^^ ^«^'«^' ^^^ ^o^gl^ 
 
 the eastern tw-o:thirds the'^ir. f 1^,^^^ 1^""*'^ vegetation. Oi^ 
 
 acres in area The Wood Momtol 'I ?'^ °^ ^^^^^^^ thousand 
 
 82 IS Maple Cn-ek. which f.onuVZ^ crosses here. On «ectioa 
 
 Going south on the west hnS '"^*^<'«^\^n of pools of water. 
 
 Hne i'-n Section 8oXThl^.t& along the 
 
 connsting of maple, ash oak and K ^T f '°"^« ^^od, 
 
 growth ol hops, SI p^rior to culHv?. f^''^' T^, "^'^ ^ luxuriant 
 
 «ze. Going Vu^VJ^ ' *^^ ^^^Uivated ones, both in height and 
 
 crossed but they were air^ry -Vri/^/^'^iHr."*''""^'^^^ "^'^ 
 the sii^::^; ™r::1^3; -.orsh extendin^l^ the lake at 
 ?hip. The land n J. h oTthe mlrshT^r ^T^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ '^^^^ 
 
 ^^P^^^:^^ are high. 
 
 l"vv,iiat ana swampy. There is no "«.n^"" nurta-uast parts are 
 
160 
 
 •DmmUp, West of Second Initial Meridian—Range XVI. 
 
 lecLi:^l"1-lie'a"Tur":;/r';,' ^™'^,l" S^ell Creek, ou 
 s.an portion o'^Tu^a^a-rS St" A Tfeo^f it 
 
 m summer and of frosts in winter. No t mber sSl ITkI 
 K'Mand the ground is hard, being a mixtuiTof sand ^n/ff^avd 
 and having no alluvial soil, with much cactus grow ingal fever - 
 the herbage being scant, dry, and in patches; on the?owlounV 
 the surface is a light clay. 6 inches deep, with a stiff WueoW 
 
 Stf "r'^-^S"'""^.^'^^'^^- ^^°"o^ 36 is level, rough and baked. 
 Soil, clay and sand loam ; classes 1 and 2. L^rge maXs we^ 
 crossed on Sections 88, 34 and 31 East-tht «!i-i^ * ^ i ^ 
 2, being rough and of a hard wh tish clav ThprTli' '^ '^^^ 
 cactus plants%howing poor W-1 t'r.^ TssT """"°"* 
 
 Westwards, the surface is level and the soil L™.!,, j 
 nmpy rough and inferior. The central westerythWrf tS^' 
 township IS oecupted by a large marsh.-O. J. Klil'im 
 
 eSiSrrF 4-"ft-=tt°'aS 
 
 o^?iQ . ;• *• . ^ ^^?^Sli or watercourse occurs in Sections l"? 
 
 LsepVmtef "tV:*° t '^Tl' *^^"^^^P- ^^ ha"d no cu?rei? 
 m September. The surface of the ground is verv hard s;.il 
 
 iTr.:"!?^ ''"'"'' ^""^^ '''"' "'^^ -bs ji rth'irf oia^:::!: 
 
 class 1. 
 32 and 
 
 A 
 31. 
 
 ii 
 
 10. p«^/mes.-North-rolliag prairie. Soil, clay loam • 
 
 large grassy marsh extends through Sections ?? ' ^9 n«^ oi 
 North-easterly two-thirds of Section ^2 is cr^letiyfubie^^ 
 by this marsh. Eastwards, the soil is clayey and first cke'Tor * 
 
 . cultivation being a little undulating, and hLL<^l^llndtherI 
 marshes and swamps many chains in diameter! Se water of 
 these marshes is generally fairly good, and grass is plentiful and 
 good for pasturage.—^. C. Tafbot, 1SS2. Pientiiul and 
 
 ^ The west is level prairie, consisting of an inferior soil wbiVli 
 IS dry, hummocky, hard and rough.-O. J irJ" 1881 
 
 Sub.dtvUion.-~The soil is a^fine, loamy cky of first ckK« 
 quality. A large marsh crosses the towLSf/dialonallv all 
 
 :er.t;;iTiTl't, -r-^'p '^ °ad.iralJ;XfS t 
 
 "• ^"SrVli'f i!»?l^'r*7°!l - d^er, and elass 1 for culti- 
 ' '"' -'"""•<= """S undulating, with numerous marshes wd 
 
13. 
 
 swamps TJip f • s'^-o.vx, id 
 
 ■ *he pasturage el^l^l ""tZ^r^' '1« g'as. plentiful and 
 
 '-I>umats and Michaud, 1882 *" ^^ ^^^'^ ^^o^i the sur&c^ 
 
 12. Outlines. — The nnrfV. ; n- 
 
 ing nnlt!aS"'ti?i' '' "^^^"^ »»« class 1 for culti™*; k 
 water in the SsC ^"^7"' '^'^^^^ and swam™ ""t^ 
 "a^o is excel,ent.^r<!t/*t fJsT " '"^"'""'' »"^e j^! 
 
 H ptt;tr°?^t&''''^=i' 'r'^ ^d well adapted forfa™ 
 inches in depth with i f ®"?'*' '='''y loam from five to .. 
 anywhere h„^i' ^ "'"7 bottom. Water 7.„v ° 'welve 
 ywuere by diggmif a few fo..t »t "'a" be obtained 
 
 Oumau and Mickald.mi ! '^'' ^"'i of any ki^d!- 
 
 Outlines. — The north .'= a it. 
 
 three inches /eep on ^sal^J a"dX^T% ^'^^^'^^ -il two to 
 tral portion of Section 3] i«i ^ ^''^'^'^ ' ^^^ss 1. Th7o«n 
 jearce ; good farming knd ^The""^ T?" ^° woodfwaL; 
 good for cultivation ; the surfapp; ^^'^ ,^^' ^ ""^^l^l soil and 
 marshes and swamp The water in ?.^^^^^*i«,ff with numerou 
 grass plentiful^^.^ C 7i/rori882 ' "^'^'^^^ ^« ^^^^ ^^d the 
 
 -il. . TXtX'bTrX"'^^^^^^^^ Wy clay loan. ' 
 
 fanning generally ;Vut tWe f ^o ' '?^ ^^^^^ ^-^«^ 
 three marshes on S.phL!!T .'%^^ ««rface water, exc 
 A08L '■"° ' ""a o;and no wood.— . 
 
 - i- - - TT vr ui 
 
 •4. C. PTcift, 
 
362 
 
 ■-?.{ 1 
 
 I, 
 
 
 ilk 
 
 
 14 
 
 Jiff. 
 
 Tmvnships West of Second Jniffnl 3fe n dian.—Range XYI. 
 
 _Sub-division.--RollmspTa.iTie, with uo timber of any kind 
 At the south-west corner is a large graasy marsh, with good fresh 
 water, that covers an area of about i,::! 00 acres The Tsoulh-east 
 
 OuTJ.l^^T^^^^f''^V!^\^^^i^-^''''^ ^^'«"d Mountain to 
 ?nniiF^f ^^ ''''^^°' °^.*^^ ^^"^ ''' "^ '^"^^ Pi^^es. Jumpy and 
 rough, in consequence of the numerous crevices. Soil about 
 eighteen inches deep, with a dark clay or clayey loam subsoil ; 
 first class, with the exception of about two sections in the south^ 
 west corner — C. G. Sheppard, 1882. 
 
 A^wT^•~'^^^'''''*^,'l ^^''^^. P'^^"« ' ^^^^ ^«y ^nd wheat land* 
 
 class I Eastwards, the soil is clay, and class 2. The'surface is 
 
 undulating, with numerous marshes and swamps. The water in 
 marshes is good, the grass plentiful and good lor pvstu rage The 
 only important stream is Wascana Creek, which crosses this town! 
 
 1 .h« n ""T^'T *°^°J^^-'^^"'^' ^^^^•'^ ^^«^«e^ it was about 
 1 chain wide and 3 or 4 feet deep, without any sensible current! 
 The numerous marshes here are good for first settlers, as they give 
 plenty ol good hay, suitable for wintering cattle. There is no 
 wood o be got here^ it must be got from die Squirrel Hills or 
 irom l.>wnship 8, Range 16, where there is a fine clump of wood! 
 mixe^ poplar and maple.-^. C. Talhot, 1882 * 
 
 1n„rr, r '^'i '? '''"'''^ °' undulating prairie. Soil, a hea^-jr clay 
 ir^ ,1 Good farming and wheat land. Wascana Creek was 
 h!Zl T,^,^"^^^"« I'^.^^d 30, flowing north-west, and also a tri- 
 a!'c wlbb U%r^ "^ ^ "^^ ^'''*^^' ''''^^^- ^° wood.- 
 
 SM6-^jt7s?o«.— Rolling prairie, with no timber. The northerly 
 portion IS drained by several shallow coulees, trendin- in i 
 
 TrT^r^ k''w°''' ^'^'X"" ^^" '^^^^^ "^^d south-west portions are 
 traversed by Wascana Creek, which runs in a noith-westerly 
 
 fwf« vfi "^^^^^Vt'^'r^'u^^ '^^ ^^^ its banks are from twenty ta 
 sr^nr 1^"" • ''* ^J=^' ^^t^his height gradually diminishes till 
 bection 1 i IS reached, at which point they disappear altogether. 
 The stream's width here, in October, was from 30 lo 40 feet 
 a\eraging 3 J looL in depth, with a slow current. A heavy lall 
 olram late in the season caused it to overflow its usual channel. 
 
 lAi!;/ari"l882 '^^' ""''^ ^ '^'^ ^""^"^ '''^''^^' ^^'^^ ^^'^^^-C. G, 
 
 Outlines.-^0Tih-\hQ soil is class 2, although of a fertile, sandy 
 nature.~The ground is only slightly undulating. East-the soil 
 IS also of a fertile sandy, nature. Tha ground is only slightly 
 undulating, except in the south, where it is more broken, and hi 
 numerous small marshes —A. C. Talbot, 1882. 
 
 W'est— flat, hummocky prairie ; some parts are rolling. Soil 
 good strong clay ; class 1 ; well adapted for wheat growing. A 
 ravine,-- about 12 feet deep, with a creek, fiowing east, crosses 
 Oection 18. Section 6 has a rough surface. -fT. Pearce 1881 
 
 &ub-division.--The north part is rolling, very dry prairie. 
 With the exception of a few maishes and ponds, llie south 
 
;XVI. 
 
 my kind. 
 ood fresh 
 ;oulh-east 
 lutain to 
 impy and 
 il, about 
 subsoil ; 
 he south- 
 
 eat land* 
 subsoil'; 
 iurface is 
 Avater in 
 ge. The 
 lis town- 
 as about 
 current, 
 hey give 
 ere is no 
 Hills, or 
 of wood, 
 
 ivj clay 
 iek was 
 [so a tri- 
 wood./— 
 
 ortherly 
 Lg in $t 
 LOUS are 
 westerly 
 ;^enty to 
 shes till 
 ogether, 
 40 feet, 
 ivy iali 
 ihannel, 
 
 s, sandy 
 •the soil 
 3] ightly 
 and has 
 
 :• Soil, 
 lag. A 
 crosses 
 81. 
 
 prairie, 
 i south 
 
 IflL 
 
 17- 
 
 IS. 
 
 'Riwnxhipi West of Second Initial Meridian.^Range XVI. I6ff 
 
 mlvl^ ^T^ i?''^/"® ^""^ ^^^ ^^- '^^^ s^^face is full of 
 cracks wih short grass growing on it. Water in this townshiD 
 18 mostly alkahne Soil in the north part is a clay loan^ a™ t 2 
 inches deep, and m the south part a stiff clay. The oubsoil 
 
 tlZtT '' %^'/\'*i? '^^y- °^ ™*^^^™ q^^^^ty for agrfcuUure . 
 second class.—/. /. McKenna, 1882. * 
 
 Oe*//me*.-The north is unJulating ; a few ponds in the eaat half, 
 but dryer in the west half; class 2 all round. The west is 
 rolling prairie A large ravine breaks the south-west half of 
 Section 30. A cart trail runs through the centre of this mvine 
 SS.A .-^''7^''^^= '''*'' ^- ^'^^^^'^ "ossPs the north-west 
 -WPearcrmi ^^^^' ^"^ ''°°'^- ^^'^ ^'"^^ ^**^^- 
 
 The soil eastwards is class 2, and of a fertile, sandy nature 
 The ground is only slightly undulating -4. C. Talbot, 1882 
 lo^.i *" ?''*"rT^^°?* three-lourths ot this township is good, 
 level farming land, with an alluvial soil of about 5 inchest 
 ?«f ^i.n' r K ^J^y «^^^«oil- . The remaining portion of the township 
 
 JL^ h .1,^'°^^? ^l /if'^'"""- ^ fr^^^ ^'^"^'n? str'^am passes 
 through the centre ot the township, with banks from 60 to 100 
 teet high. No timber of any kind.—/. / Francis, 1882. 
 0«if/,nes.-The north is rolling prairie, with a few grass swamps ; 
 Class 2. 1 be east is treeless rolling prairie, with occasional hilly 
 portions which are interspersed with some grass swamps. The 
 soil is a fair second class.— T. JTatws, 1881. f ^ 
 
 ir. y. ^^'^-^'•7 '•oiling and undulating prairie. Soil, fair, inclined 
 to be sandy ; class 2, No wood nor water.— TT. Pearce, 1881 
 
 SM6-rfm«o«.- Good soil, though rather stony; some small 
 S'l883 "" ■ ''^^'' WSiine; classes 1 and 2.-/ L. 
 
 Outlines.— The northern features are bluffs of poplar, willow 
 swamps and glades of prairie, with an alluvial soil, 10 to 12 
 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 2.~L. Bolton. j8«'2 
 
 The west is rolling and undulating prairie, with many 
 poplar and willow bluffs, ponds and hay swamps. Round Hill 
 valley is si uated in Section 19 ; it fill, geutlv to the north The 
 south quarter of Section 30 is broken by a large lake and slough. 
 A cart trail crosses this section to the south of lake. A large pond, 
 about 16 chains wide, is situated in Section 31.— IF. Pear% 1881 
 
 Jit.stwards,--the surface is rolling prairie, thickly dotted with 
 poplar and willows, and possesses an excellent soil. Scattered 
 ponds and grass meadows. The C.l'H. crosses this township — 
 T. Aains, 1881. *^ 
 
 Sub-division.— ^oWing prairie, with numerous poplar bluffs 
 supplying abundant fuel, and hay swamps in the north portion ' 
 the south part is almost all open prairie, with small scrub. The 
 Canadian Pacific Railway, with McLean Station on the eastern 
 boundary, traverses the south portion. Soil, generally of good 
 quality, being a rich, sandy loam, with a subsoil of clay : first, 
 second and third classes.— il. Hamel, 1882. 
 
 ^sss^amBss^^ 
 
;3 ■' 
 
 IHM 
 
 mmmm 
 
 ■g; 
 
 X64 'Dmmhips West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range TTL 
 
 19, Outlines. — The north is gently-rolling and level prairie, with 
 occasional poplar and willow bluffs ; a great many sloughs were 
 crossed. A cart trail crosses the west half of Section 83. Sections 
 81 and 32 are stony. A small creek, 10 inches deep, no current, 
 crosses Section 36. Soil, heavy clay; class* 1. — L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 West — high, open prairie, thickly dotted with bluffs of poplar 
 and willow, scrub and grass marshes of small extent. Soil, clay 
 loam and clay subsoil ; class 1 . The main cart trail to Fort 
 "Walsh and another old trail crosses the line in Section 81. — W. 
 T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 East— rolling prairie, with poplar and willow bluffs, and 
 numerous grass swamps. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil; 
 class 2. A creek crosses Section 12, 12 inches deep, rapid current, 
 and grassy banks. A large lake is situated in the north half of 
 18. This is a good farming district —A. B. Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The southern part is interspersed with groves 
 of poplar, some of it being twelve inches in diameter. The 
 northern portion is nearly destitute of timber, consisting of high, 
 rolling prairie. Soil, in some places, alluvial, but, in many, light 
 and gravelly, and intermixed with small granite boulders. Some 
 of the sections were, at time of survey, already taken up by 
 squatters. — /. McArthur, 1882. 
 
 20. Outlines. — The south-west is a rolling country, with numerous 
 bluffs of poplar and occasional ponds. The soil of the west line 
 is of good quality, being a rich loam on a clay subsoil. Good 
 agricultural district. — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-aivision. — Almost the whole of the three northern tiers 
 of sections and the extreme eastern ones in this township are 
 included in Indian Reserves. The southern portion, which is 
 sub-divided, is thickly dotted with groves, of poplar, varying from. 
 1 to 12 inches in diameter. It is a very desirable locality for 
 settlement, and at time of survey all the even-numbered sections 
 were taken up by squatters, who had made numerous improve- 
 ments. - J. McArthur, 18«^ 
 
 21. Outlines. — The Qu' Appelle River crossesthe township centrally east 
 and west, in a valley varying from 200 to 300 feet deep. There are 
 scattered trees in the valley and in the ravines leading to it. The 
 soil is a good clay loam and will make good agricultural land. 
 South of the Qu' Appelle is an Indian Reserve. — J. F. Garden, 1881. 
 
 Un the west it is high, dry and open prairie. North of the 
 Qvi' Appelle valley the soil is a good clay loam on a clay subsoil. 
 Good farming district. The portion of this township south of 
 the Qu' Appelle is in an Indian Reserve. — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, well watered by the Qu'- 
 Appelle River, which has an average width of about 76 feet and 
 depth of about 3 feet 6 inches. There being no drift wood, and 
 very few rapids, a small steamer might run with care from Range 
 2 1 to the foot of the Fishing Lakes. The river and lakes abound 
 with fish and ducks. The portion of the township south of the 
 river, and which is well timbered, is included in an Indian 
 Reserve. Soil, two-thirds first class, the remainder third and 
 
 e J.U 
 
 i\}U.llil. 
 
 ffl J-' > TT ,. 4004 
 
 i^icTitcnii una sjcwsun, loox. 
 
XVL 
 
 rie, with 
 
 jhs were 
 
 Sections 
 
 current, 
 
 , 1882. 
 
 af poplar 
 
 3oil, clay 
 
 to Fort 
 
 81.— HC 
 
 ifts, and 
 
 subsoil ; 
 
 current, 
 
 half of 
 
 82. 
 
 h groves 
 er. The 
 of high, 
 ly, light 
 Some 
 L up by 
 
 umeroos 
 rest line 
 I. Good 
 
 irn tiers 
 ship are 
 rhich is 
 ng from, 
 ility for 
 sections 
 mprove- 
 
 allyeast 
 I'here are 
 it. The 
 al land, 
 en, 1881. 
 I of the 
 subsoil, 
 south of 
 m, 1881. 
 he Qu'- 
 eet and 
 lod, and 
 a Bange 
 abound 
 i of the 
 Indian 
 ird and 
 
 Jbwnshtps West of Second Tnitial Meridian—Range XVI 165 
 
 lace is siigntly uneven, with some era veil v knoll « • Knf +i,;c f I 
 
 bMb-dimsmn.—kW prairie. The land in Sections 1 ♦« 10 
 melSZ"' •! T"^ ■''™^' '"" «' fo' enltivat on or tXl as li^ 
 
 wftJi • „ 1°"',' S»»d second class. No wood whatever S 
 water, m al) the sloughs and pond, tested, was b-^-TT: sZ, 
 
 '*• £t parT^'^'lhret ^on'fc"' t"°''"''*'"« ^'T^' -"" «»- 
 Tha'L , r .^^®^® ^,'^® o^ <^bese portions some marshes and oonds 
 
 north eL? W ?v.^^^^ °5 P°P^"' bluffs, suitable for fuel fntt 
 nortji-east, but the western two-thirds is tr^plPRs tkI i a ■ 
 
 the ownship ,s a fair agricnltural one. NearX southern toft 
 
 are nretltj:uds^rn.a'rhl^:lt^'^h^ 
 
 wat™ 'The Jl^al^yr'T,"*™ r™"y bids TndTntr;^ 
 water, ine hiJls and knolls are from 15 fept to '7'^ f^of okrv^^^u 
 
 ponds and very gravelly and stonAJmeston: boutderfabound' 
 In the lower part of the slopes aui around the ponds there «m 
 considerable areas of rich, deep alluvial soil. Many of the ponds 
 .1,^ "k1 \^^°I' ?^^^ ^^ d^^in^d into others lyiWlower^d 
 1U*# """ r'a-..n aio boiucruu wiih poplar and willow. 
 
166 Icwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^e XVI. 
 
 In Sections 33, 84, 86 and 86 are some largo bluffs of poplar, of 
 Bufficient size to be useful for fencing. On the whole, the town- 
 ship is better fitted for grazing than agriculture. "Water good an J 
 soft. Soil, chiefly second class, with a small portion of first.—/. X 
 Snow, 1882. 
 
 3W5. Outlines. — The north and east consist of rolling prairie, with bluffs; 
 of poplar and hazel undergrowth, there are also numerous small 
 lakes and marshes. Soil, class 2. Section i2 has small boulders ;. 
 the surface is very stony. A large ravine, with high steep banks 
 and a creek in the centre, flows tluough Sections 1, 12 and 13. 
 It greatly breaks the laud in the above sections.— iZ. Carre, 1881. 
 The west is very rolling and broken by marshes, but very- 
 suitable forj farming and grazing. There are occasional bluffs of 
 poplar. — E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Righ, rolling land, with alternating prairie 
 and numerous poplar bluffs and willow tki kets, together with, 
 many ponds and lakelets. The main stream of Jumping Creek 
 takes its rise in Station 81, and runs diagonally to Sectional. In 
 its course it forms three large lakes, which cover ;^}\ area of nearly 
 •700 acres. Sections 3, 4, 5. 6, 1, 8, 18 and 19 are chiefly in an 
 open prairie, with numercus boulders, which stretches away to- 
 the west. The main trail from Qu'Appelle to Touchwood Mission 
 crosses Sections 4, 6, 6, 7 and 18. :North-west of the creek and. 
 the lakes no boulders occur, and here many fine farms may be 
 made. Wood for all purposes is also readily procurable. The 
 poplar, with a few exceptions, does not exceed 8 inches in diam- 
 eter. Water is everywhere good. Soil, second and third class, 
 with some first.— J. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
 386, Outlines. — Except the nouth-west corner, the west part is in the- 
 Touchwood Hills, and is stony land, covered with woods of poplar 
 and birch. Some of the timber in these hills is large — E. Brav 
 1881. "' 
 
 Sub-division. — Composed of Sections 1 to 12 inclusive, thfr 
 remainder being included in the reserve of Gordon's band. These- 
 lie to the foot of the Touchwood Hills, and are open prairie, with 
 the exception of Sections 1,2, 11 and 12, which are very thickly 
 cevered with hazel, willow and ro.se bushes. Small lakes are very 
 numerous. Timber abundant and water excellent. Soil fi^st 
 class.— J. A. Snow, 1882. ' 
 
 ^7. Ouilines.— The west is rolling prairie, hilly in parts, with poplar 
 bluffs and scrub. A few sandy marshes were crossed. A mus- 
 keg lake is situated in the north half of Section 7. Larire lakes 
 occur in Sections 6 and 7, along the line of the northern slope of 
 the Little Touchwood Hills. A trail from Touch v,ood to the 
 Mission crosses Section 6. The land rates classes 1 .-'ud 2—E 
 Deville, 1880. " 
 
 East— Rolling and broken prairie, with scrub, poplar and 
 willow, ^umerous small marshes and ponds. Section 24 is 
 greatly broken by small lakes. The Battleford trail crosses Sec- 
 tion 86. The timber consists of poplar and birch, and is from 2 to 
 
Ibwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^e XYL IBT 
 10 inches in diameter ; hazel underbrush. A watercourse 6 
 
 Snb-divist<m.~-Govered with a scatteiing of poplar, wiHow 
 and thick underbrush, interspersed with lakelets aAd ^^8"^^ 
 There are some sections well adapted for settlement THa 
 northern slope of the Touchwood Hill count^ ex1endT?nto ^ 
 south of the township.— J. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 as. Oz*#/mgs.— The north and east consist of rolling and level prairie 
 with numerous small ponds and marshes, bluffs of popla' a" 
 willow underbrush : poplar averages from 2 to 8 Ss Tn 
 tZTl' Soil.8andyloam;class2. Some parts are Tny A 
 large lake occupies the south of Section 24. Water not good.^ t£ 
 beach 18 stony. A large grassy marsh, with stony edffes occupies 
 
 The west is rolling and very hilly prairie, with groves of 
 T Th?mr^t "TY '^?i!.*'^ rj/^^^ farm'crosses^SectLa 
 Class''? T:r2.-E DZlfim.'' ^'"°"*^" ""^^^ '^^^^^^ ^^• 
 crn.«1f«"w""T "I^^ telegraph line and trail to the north-west 
 w?th *^\*°^°«^^P diegonally. The surface is rolling, and covered 
 ZohLT^t^?? °^ S^P^*'' r^'^^' ^^<i *^i«k underbrush, and 
 «n?faTf \*kelets and marshes. There are some sections well 
 suited for settlement.— J. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 . Outlines.— From the west and east boundaries, this township 
 
 ffi*''-r.^'i°'*^^'r' ^^^ ^°^*^^« *^« interior, to be all rolling 
 land, with tiuck poplar, from two to eight inches in diamete? 
 also willow and hazel underbush. The soil, as far as Svest' g^^^^^^^^ 
 croLT^f loam; c ass 2^ A great many small marshes wSS 
 crossed, also some fair sized lakes.— 0. /. Klotz, 1880. 
 
 ?nthu^'~^Y?J^^^'''''^^f'^ ^^«* 1^"<^« tl^e ot-rface is broken 
 ?n?Jil ^'•*''? ^^''^^-y '^''''^'^ ^^*^ poplar and birch from foS 
 
 Touchwood Hills. A creek, two feet wide, crosses Section 35. I 
 
 flowK'.rh "'^/ri^'' ^"^^' ^^^ "^^ ^^ ^ "^^^^^ i« Section 33 and 
 W^ K* 11^^^^ covering many acres is situated in 81, and a 
 
 arge marshv lake lies m the central part of Section 30 The 
 
 land rates classes 2 and S.—E. DeviUe, 1880 ^''''"''' "*"• ^^® 
 
 The east is rolling land, with thick popiar, from two to eiffht 
 
 nches m diameter also willow and hazel underbrTsh S^S. 
 light sandy loam; class 2. Many small marshes were crossed 
 A swampy creek, five links wide,'four inches deep, 2 w cuJre^' 
 and good water, was crossed in Section 25.— O. J.Klotz, 1880 
 
 29 
 
 SO 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XVII. 
 
 5. Outlines. — The north and west are undulating and rolling prairie, 
 with numerous swamps and meadows ; the land rates class 2, and 
 is fair for agricultural purposes. There are surface boulders on. 
 Sections 81, 82, 84 and 7. The north half of 32 and the west of 7 
 are broken by hills ; the Souris trail crosses the former section. A 
 branch of the Souris River crosses 38 twice ; it is about two chains 
 wide ; an old cart trail crosses the same section. There is a large 
 alkaline lake in the central part of Section 19 ; it occupies about 
 two-thirds of this section. A few meadows were crossed i.u 
 Sections 30 and 31. Soil, sand and gravel. — C. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating and rolling prairie, stony in places. 
 The soil is a clay loam, with clay and sandy subsoils ; classes 2 
 and 3. Cactus is growing in Sections 24, 25 and 36. There is a 
 large coul6e in Section 1. Long Ci jek, which contains good water, 
 crosses Section 13. The same section is also crossed by an old cart 
 trail, and contains a large slough, the land being low in the north 
 half.—/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — Is, generally speaking, better suited for pastur- 
 age than agriculture. Two-thirds of the township falls within 
 the Missouri Coteau, and is much broken by valleys, lakes and 
 ponds (the water in the latter being more or less alkaline). Long 
 Creek traverses the northern portion of the township, and its water 
 is fresh and good. No timber. — E. Fafard, 1882. 
 
 C OtiMines. — The north and west are level and undulating. On the 
 north several marshes and meadows occur, but they are more 
 plentiful in the west A dry creek, with water in pools, crosses 
 Section 32. Surface boulders on Sections 6, 7 and 34. The Souris 
 cart trail crosses the south half of Section 6, and another cart trail 
 crosses through Section 7. Section 18 is broken by Long Creek ; 
 high banks on either side, and the stream is one chain wide. Soil, 
 sandy loam; surface hard and gravelly ; classes 2 and 3. — C. E. 
 Wolff, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating prairie, very stony ; cactus is plenti- 
 ful. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 3. There is 
 a large wet coulee in the north half of Section 12. A large slough 
 occurs in the north half of 24, and another large one crosses the 
 line twice in Section 36, and extends north nearly the whole 
 length of the section.—/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level and rolling prairie. Soil, shallow clay 
 and sandy loam in the M'cst part, and principally hard, gravelly 
 clay in the east, with hard clay subsoil ; stony in places ; classes 
 2 and 3. There is very little water ; a branch of the Souris River 
 TUDs through the south-west corner, but was not a continuous 
 stream in July; there were also a few ravines holding water 
 
 vamp 
 
 of very ^ fair quality. There v>'as only one swamp noticed 
 
IAN. 
 
 g prame, 
 ass 2, aiid 
 ilders on. 
 west of 7 
 jction. A 
 vo chains 
 is a large 
 ies about 
 rossed in 
 , 1881. 
 n places, 
 classes 2 
 here is a 
 od water, 
 1 old cart 
 Lhe north 
 
 )r pastur- 
 s within 
 ikes and 
 ). Long 
 its water 
 
 On the 
 ire more 
 s, crosses 
 be Souris 
 cart trail 
 r Creek ; 
 ide. Soil, 
 
 .—a E. 
 
 s plonti- 
 There is 
 re slough 
 tsses the 
 e whole 
 
 ow clay 
 gravelly 
 ; classes 
 ris River 
 itinuous 
 g water 
 noticed 
 
 Thtenfhips West oj Second Initial Meridian— Ran ffe XVII 1Q9 
 
 which wns miry and contained very poor water. Vegetation very 
 
 3 ' ^T «T'?;? T100J '"^ *^^ township. No timber what- 
 ejrer. — 1. B. GtUiland, 1883. 
 
 T 0«^/t«es.-The north and west are level and undulating, and 
 rate class 2 A creek-bed crosses the east of Section 32, having 
 high and steep banks. Surface boulders were met with in the 
 central portion of Section 30. An old cart trail crosses Section 7. 
 
 l^. X.. VVOlJf, lool. ■ fj: It i 
 
 The east is undulating prairie; poor, dry and lumpy so 
 With cactus here and there. The south ascends to the height of 
 O^ KM^nn ^^^^''^'' Missouri from the Souris Plains.- 
 
 Sub-division—L^Q\ and rolling prairie ; soil, principally hard. 
 &rev clay, mixed with gravol, eome places clay loam, but very 
 Bhallow, with a hard clay subsoil; some stony patches; classlS. 
 Very little water ; a few ravines and creeks, or rather the beds^of 
 spring torrents, holding a little water on the 21st of July, but no 
 running streams, some ol the water is good, some very bad There 
 was only one swamp noticed, it is very miry and soft; no 
 Hay; bad water. Vegetation very light, cactus plant and wild 
 sage abundant. No timber.— T. B. Gilliland, 1888. 
 
 S. 0«//twes.-North-dry, undulating prairie with a poor soil ; plenty 
 • «*^^«8' dried marshes and considerable cactus. A small creek 
 in 36 and a couple of marshes in Zh. East-surface, level- 
 Boil, dry and poor, except near the creeks, one ot which meanders 
 oyer^ection 26, with maple, ash, oak and cherry along its banks. 
 Jfilsewhere along the line the watercourses were dry Wild bona 
 are abundant— O. /. Klotz, 1881. ^ 
 
 West—level and undulating prairie. The soil is a sandy 
 loam, with a grey clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. A creek with 
 high banks, crosses Section 30 ; the channel is twenty links' wide 
 and about two feet deep ; on the south side there is ash, elm and 
 brush Ihis creek alsocrosses .Sections 18 and 19, and occasion- 
 ally, along its banks, there are trees of ash and elm from six to 
 twenty inches m diameter. The cart trail to Wood Mountain 
 crosses Section 6.— a £:. PTo//, l»81. ""<'«*m 
 
 Svb-divhion.—^oWmg and broken prairie. The land is 
 highest on the west side, and falls to the north-east, the lowest 
 pan being on Sections 13, 24 and 26. It is watered by a creek 
 wkich meanders diugcnally through the centre fn.m Section 18 
 to bection 25 In July there was no continuous stream in its 
 bed, but eood, solt, spring water in ponds and holes, which are 
 en irely Iree irom alkali. A fine belt of timber fringes the banks 
 of the creek, from twenty to forty rods in width, oomi)oscd of ash 
 elm maple and willow, sufficient in quantity and size to supply 
 settlers with fuel and building timber for seme years. Soil for 
 the most part, a mixture of clay sand and gravelj to a depth of 
 about SIX inches, the subeoil being clay and gravel. There is no 
 alluvial soil except in the Hats oi the (tn-wk- and i*- Kyan^he- T^~ 
 Burface of the high land is very hard and dry, and stony in many 
 
ITO TotonsMpf West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XVII. 
 
 places, the pasturage being light and parched up and much oactnB 
 growing all over. From the numerous dry watercourseH and 
 creeks, or tissures, it is evident that this country is si ' ! • • 'o 
 flow of much surface water in spring, and to the aot ion of the 
 extreme heat of summer and cold of winter. Tlu- I-.mu. ib not 
 adapted for agriculture, nor yet for stock-raising, there being 
 insufficient pasturage. Much loose limestone, in large blocks, 
 lying on the sides of the gallies, was noticed. Second and third 
 clafes— //. Lowe, 1H82. 
 
 •. Outlines. — North and west the ground is generally level, but 
 sometimes undulating and rolling, and may be ranked first class, 
 the soil being a heavy clay loam, well adapted for wheat growing 
 and farming purposes, and well watepid by hay marshes and 
 creeks. The Moose Jaw Creek runs through Muddy Lake, and is 
 60 links broad, with banks rising not higher than 40 feet ; it 
 flows into the Qu'Appelle River, of which it is a tributary- 
 Muddy Lake is about IJ miles in length by 1 mile in width ; its 
 wat«r is muddy and slightly alkaline It is somewhat shallow, 
 and on the east side has a large hay marsh running in a south- 
 easterly direction. On the south-east is a small belt of timber, 
 and along Moose Jaw Creek are a few patches of shrubbery suit- 
 able for iuel only.— P. R. A. Bdanger, lb82 
 
 The east has a level surface, and a dry, lumpy and iufeiior 
 soil. A large marsh occupies the east central third of the town- 
 ship.— O. J. Kfotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Open prairie, with no timber whatever. The 
 surface is very flat and low, and indications point to the proba- 
 bility of the whole township being under water in the spring of 
 the year ; but in September the land was quite dry and so very 
 hard that the ground was all cracked. There are three lakes 
 whose areas lie entirely within this township, and part of the 
 area of another, is included in the north part ; they are mUddy 
 and shallow. A large hay marsh, which crosses the township, 
 takes up Sections 24, 25, 26, 27 and 34, all of which are very soft 
 and wet. There is a watercourse running through the middle of 
 the marsh. Soil, 2 or 3 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; third 
 class.—/. Warren, 1882. 
 
 1©^ Outlines. — North and west— the ground is level, with undulating 
 and rolling prairie, and may be ranked class 1 , the soil being a 
 heavy clay loam, well adapted for wheat grov^ung and farming 
 purposes ; well watered by hay marshes and creeks. Moose Jaw 
 Creek crosses the south-west of the township and runs through 
 Muddy Lake, as described in Township 9. G-oing north, on the 
 west boundary, a small creek, flowing east and having 8 feet of 
 water, crosses Section 6. Tliis section and *7, 30 and 31 are 
 excellent, the other two are wet bottom lands, through which 
 Moose Jaw Creek flows. The alluvial soil on this and the north 
 line is about 1 8 inches deep on a clay subsoil. — P. R. A. BSlanger^ 
 1882. 
 
 TVjo opot Vino a lavpl slirfaCe xTni^ o Innrnir Attt atiiI infftrioT 
 
 soil.— O. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 t 
 
 ,l£) 
 
^momkipt West of Second Initial Meridian —Ran^ri' XVII. 1^1 
 
 i,bo 
 
 Sub-division. — All prairio, with the exception of a fcmall belt 
 at the south-wpst corner, containing ash, olm and willow orRmall 
 diameter, adapted only for camping pnrposes. The south- weat 
 portion is very low and flat, L-eing cut up by a large raar«i and 
 kiJce. The water of the latter has a peculiar whitish appoarunce aa 
 if mixed Tith chalk or white clay ; it is very slightly, if at all, 
 alkaline, and not unpleasant to the taeto. The remainder is com- 
 posed of very level prairie. Soil, clay, 12 inches deep, with acli^ 
 subsoil , generally first class, with some second and fourth. — F- 
 Burnet, 188-2. 
 
 11. Outlines.— The north is nearly all level prairie, with a heavy clay 
 soil, about 18 inches deep and will maJce excellent wheat land. 
 There are some good meadow lands cUid hay marshes, and across 
 Section 86 there flows a creek of fresh water two feet deep, but witli. 
 an almost dead current. The west boundary runs over a very 
 similar description of land. — P. R. A. Biilanger, 18o2. 
 
 The east is gently undulating and level prairie. Soil, keavy 
 clay loam ; class 1. A lake in the north quarter of Section 24 is 
 
 , of considerable extent, and contains good water. Section 13 is 
 entirely submerged by a lake of fresh water in the south quarter; 
 it is afclout 3 to 4 feet deep, and contains good fresh water. The 
 remainder of the section is covered by a large hay marsh, extend- 
 
 ,; ing to east and west for many miles, and opening out into 
 occasional large lakes. Grass in this marsh is long. Water frraa 
 2 to 5 feet deep. There is also a large marsh in the southerly half 
 of Section 12. "Well adapted for farming ; excellent wheat land, 
 with the exception of Section 18, which is too wet. — A. C. Webb^ 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-diviaion. — All prairie. The eastern portion is very mndL 
 cut up by marsh and lake areas, the remainder varying from level to 
 undulating land. Soil, a clay loam 12 inches deep, with clay 
 subsoil ; first class. — P. Burnet, 1882. 
 
 3UB. Outlines. — The north and east consist of rolling and undulatiiig' 
 prairie. Soil, generally clay loam ; class 1. Creeks flow through 
 Sections 1, 12 and 13; currents slow; water good. A cart trail 
 crosses Section 1. Excellent farminr land, well adapted for wheat- 
 growing. ~A. a Webb, 1881. 
 
 The wost is level prairie ; several marshes and low^, weft 
 bottom lands. Soil, heavy clay, with clay subsoil ; class 1. This 
 is excellent wheat land.- F. R. A. Belanger, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The land, as a rule, is of excellent quality, and 
 well adapted for agricultural purposes. J^oil is of a dark, sand and 
 clay loam, averaging in depth from 4 to 6 inches. Water can be 
 obtained anywhere by digging to the depth of a few feet. No 
 wood is to be had within 80 miles to the north-east. — Dumaisamd- 
 Michaud, 1^82. 
 
 18. Outlines. — The north is level prairie ; several marshes were 
 crossed. Soil, clay loam ; class 1. Excellent frrming land, best' 
 adapted for wheat cultivation. The west is gently-rolling or lev«l 
 prairie ; some parts covered with rose brush. Soil, clay loam, an 
 
M 
 
 It ' 
 
 '4 
 
 in Townships Wett qf Second Initial Meridiaf^ Range XVIL 
 
 a white clay siibsoil. There are many marshes, which are geno- 
 rally small. Mo wood.— il. F. Cotton, 1882. 
 
 The east is rolling or undulating prairii', with a heavy day 
 loam soil The land may be rated diss 1 for wheat and farraini 
 Janci ; l)ut there is no surlaco water, except two or three marshes 
 on Sections 12 and 1, and no wood.— ^4. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-aiiiision.—RoWmg prairie, with ponds or hay marshes. 
 
 Sowing hay very thick and long, the water being frtquentlv 
 ree feet deep. Three-fourths of the tovs'nship is probably 
 covered with water in ordinary seasons. Soil, heavy and good 
 over 18 inches deep, with a clay sub-soil ; but without extensive 
 drainage the township is uselss for larming purposes ; first dass.— 
 Jii. JJ. Henderson, 1882. L..u. 
 
 14. 0«//in«.— North and west is gently-rolling prairie, some parts 
 being covered with rose brush. There is a largh marsh in the 
 north-west corner of the township. Soil, a clay loam ; subsoiL 
 ;white day. Small marshes occur at intervals.— il. F. Cotton. 
 Xo8^. 
 
 East— undulating and rolling prairie. Soil, heavy clay; 
 «^^ J Wascana Creek runs through the northern half of Section 
 24, and through 26 ; it is about 3 ieei deep, current slows and has 
 a muddy bottom. Another creek runs through the centre of 
 Bection 26 ; it is about 26 links wide, no current, and its water is 
 Iresh and good. Good farming land, well adapted for wheat- 
 jrrowing.— i4. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 S«Wit;m««.--Undulating prairie. The east half of Section 
 22 and the south half of Section 27 are covered by a marsh, which, 
 however, contains Ireph water and produces good grass. Wascana 
 Creek meanders in a norlh- westerly direction through Sedions 25. 
 26, 27 and 88, between low banks, the land for about a mile on 
 either side being rather low, lumpy and rough. In October, the 
 creek being swdlen by recent rains, was from 40 to 60 feet wide, 
 yith an average depth of 4 feet. Soil, 18 inches deep, with a day 
 Joam subsoil ; first class, with the exception of the marsh above 
 :mentioned.— C. G. ISheppard, 18b2. 
 
 :iS. Ovtlfnes—Tihe 'north is rdling and level prairie. Alluvial soil» 
 18 inches deep ; class 1 ; good for any kind of crops. A creek' 
 flowing south, crosses the line three times in Section 81 ; it is 
 about 8 feet deep. A cart trail crosses Section 31. Wascana 
 Creek crosses the central portion of Section 8G ; it is 3 feet deep ; 
 tanks on east side 26 to £0 feet high. It emerges through Section 
 
 \. ^?. ^^*. ^^^ ^^^''^ 's ^6^'el prairie. No wood in this town- 
 ship.— C. jDes/ardins, 188 J. 
 
 •c • ^«^J— f^a^2^T:',»imo(ky prairie ; the south-east half of Section 
 »b IS roiJmg. Soil is a good strong clay, class 1 ; wdl adapted for 
 -wheat^growing. A ravine, about 12 feet deep, with a creek, flowing 
 east, thrtugh the centre of it, crosses the central portion of Section 
 13. fcection 1 has a very rough surface.— W^. Ptarce, 1881 
 ^ Sti^-ditiston.—Vndul&ting prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with 
 £iaj sui/soil. »r aseaiia v/ruek iiows through this township. Water 
 
 ^mmm& 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian— Range XVII. ITS 
 
 very good. Some good hay meadows. Claseoe 1, 2 and 8. — /. L, 
 Eeid, 1888. 
 
 !•• Outlines. — The north ie rolling and undulating ; some plact^s rather 
 alkaline. A creek in the west of Section 88 and a swamp in 88 was 
 the only water crossed. No timber. Classew 1 and 2. The east is 
 rolling prairie. A large ravine breaks the south-east half of 
 Section 26, and a cart trail runs through the centre of this ravine. 
 Soil, light, sandy loam ; class 2. A creek crosses the north-east 
 half of Section 12 throe times, flows west. No wood. Very little 
 water.— T^ Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Generally class 1 for farming purposes ; it is dry, almost level 
 prairie, consisting of a deep heavy loam or clay loam. It is 
 watered on the west side by a stream, 40 links to 1 chain wide, 
 8 feet 2 inches deep, flowing into the Wascana Creek. On the 
 south, the prairie becomes mere rolling, and the south-oast comer 
 is crossed by the Wascana, whose bauKS are 25 to 30 feet high in 
 that place. At the same point, also, the soil is sandy for 10 chains 
 from the eastern bank of the river. South of the Wascana 
 Creek the valley is occupied by extensive marshes, sometimes 3 
 feet deep and over. Throughout this part, the land, if not sub- 
 merged, is class 1. It is also well adapted for stock-raising. No 
 wood.— C Des/ardins, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division — Is fine, dry, level prairie, well adapted for 
 i^ricultural purposes. From 3 to 8 inches of alluvial soil, with 
 ciay or sandy subsoil. Several fresh running creeks were met 
 with. No wood whatever. — J. J. Francis, 1882. 
 
 W. Outlines. — North and west — open prairie, rolling and level. The 
 soil is second and third class, being clay and sandy loam, mixed, 
 in some parts, with fine gravel. — G. U. Byley, 1881. 
 
 The east is dry, rolling and undulating prairie. Soil, fair, 
 inclined to be sandy ; class 2. No wood or surface water — W. 
 Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is rather stony, but, neverthe- 
 less, there is a good soil There are some small ponds of good 
 water. The surface is all rolling prairie. The township rates 
 classes 1 and 2 for agricultural purposes. — J. L. Keid, 18d3. 
 
 US. Outlines. — North— rolling prairie, with small scrub, poplar bluffs 
 and marshes scattered about. Classes 1 and 2. West — oper 
 prairie, slightly rolling on surface. No wood, and very little sur- 
 face water. The land generally rates class I — G. U. Ryley^ 1881. 
 The east is rolling and undulating prairie, -with many poplar 
 and willow bluffs, ponds and hay swamps. Round Hill valley is 
 sitnated in Section 24. It has a gentle descent towards the north. 
 The south quarter of Section 25 is broken by a large lake and 
 slough. A cart trail crosses this section to the south of lake. A 
 large pond, about lt> chains wide, is situated in Section 36. — W. 
 Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township consists generally of rolling 
 prairie, with a number of potholes. In some places there are a 
 few poplar bluiis of small trees and willows. The soil is very 
 
IF 1 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 ■li4 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian— Rang9 XVH. 
 
 fkss' ^"tf '? p"""^ '"".^5^ ^•'''"'' ?," ^ °^*^ «"^«°il' nearly att 
 Class 1. The surface water is excellent. The Canadian Pacific 
 Hallway crosses the township. Balgonie Station beinir StuSS 
 about midway on the line.-/. L. Reia, 1883. ^ 
 
 1». 0«///w,e5 — The south-west corner is open, but the balance of tha 
 
 firsT ctT ': ""'"11 -/^^-1t«-d clnmps of poplar The soilS 
 first class, being a black clay loam.— G. U. Ryley 1881 
 
 The ea*t is high, open, bluffy prairie, thickly dotted with 
 
 ^^t^^ f '1 "" T? '' "^ '°^"" '^^^"'- Soil clay foam and day 
 subsoil : class 1. The main cart trail to Fort Walsh and anoth^ 
 
 Sub'division.~The general features of this township are as 
 follows .-Undulating in surface ; black and sandy loam^i£ 
 
 out class 1 ; poplar bluffs m nearly every quarter section, ^ 
 more den«e m Sections 12, 10, 9, 15, 8 and 31, some of the tr^ 
 bemg as brge as Id inches ; potholes and ponds in many plS 
 
 20 
 
 SI 
 
 ^r/h ^nZ r^~T^"^*'"^.P'.^'"^ ^« *^« eastern two-thirdg, 
 w h good quality of soil consisting of a rich loam on a clay £,iib- 
 soil. bectioas 31 and 82 are rough, and contain a number of 
 [nTrolW r ^! ^^^^'.f ^°P^^'- ^^^*-*^e south-e^t h4 
 
 w ;^d . Thf ^iiff ^ 
 
 ^^/t.^^^^^^^^^^^^^ "^^ -^^^^ ^« ^ .oodVicllturafsecti<^ 
 
 The west and south are covered with small poplars, except 
 ^Tr.Tf^ op.^ patches. The land is ail rolling, and the soilS 
 au nrst class. 1 here are occasional sloughs.— 6?. V Ryley 1881 
 
 bub-di vision -Rolling prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with clav 
 8UDS011 ; class 1. A number of potholes and ponds were crossed^ 
 they all contained good water. Some poplar bluffs sufficient for 
 rails and firewood The north half of the township fs S Z 
 Indian Reserve.— J. L. Retd, 1888. ^ 
 
 ■ S^f'"''-^^" ^°7/^^"« ^o^'Jng and level prairie. The north o# 
 Section 32 is greatly broken by a large ravine running east and 
 west, with a meandering creek flowing through the centre of it. 
 A cart trail to Qu Appelle crosses Sections 31, 32 and 38 No 
 from Inn J^'n^'l u-^u^^^I ^'^^"'^ V^ ^^'^^ '"avines and hills, 
 t^rs ?8 and ct? 'tI ^ff ^-'i ^ nV'^'^ *^ Qa'Appelle crosses Sec- 
 w.^f \ t • T>e 9^^ /^PPelle River crosses Section 18, flowing 
 west , the banks of this river contiin good hay. A creek flowS 
 
 C^'l'^r'"f^^'-''^''J'^' ^" ^ ^'^"^y ^f a ravine 300 feet d^. 
 Classes 1 and 3— ff. Carre, IS^Jl. ^ 
 
 ^«ll«^^' Vi'^^' i'^i ''''? ^^^'^ i\'^^"e, north of the Qu'AppeUe 
 Jv^it^' Th ' T"^ clay loam on clay subsoil Good farming di». 
 tiict. The south-east of this township, south of the Qu'AppeUe 
 18 an Indian Reserve,-- IV. T. Thompsm, i88l ^PPeue. 
 
\ Townsliips West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XVII. 1T5 
 
 Sub-division. — "Rolling country, having snfficient timber to 
 provide the settlers -vrith material for building, fencing and faeL 
 In the valley of the Qu'Appelle there are large areas of hay and 
 pasture lands. The banks of the river, averaging 280 feet in 
 height, afford valuable shelter to stock during the winter. In the 
 west portion is considerable brule and second growth poplar. 
 Long Valley Creek traverses the west side of the township, 
 emptpng into the Qu'Appelle in Section 18 through a deep c6ul6e 
 one mile in width. Sections 1, 2, 11, 12, 18 and 14 are included 
 in an Indian Reserve. Soil, chiefly first class. — Clementi and 
 Hewson, 1881. 
 
 3K8. Outlines— The north consists of prairie. Sections 38 and the 
 north-east half of 34 are broken by a ravine and hills ; a creek 
 flows east through this ravine. Class 2. Good farming land. 
 The west is rolling prairie. Several dry marshes were crossed. 
 Oood farming land , class 2.— II Carre, 1881. 
 
 The east is high, dry, open and level prairie ; excellent farm- 
 ing land. Soil, rich clay loam, clay subsoil; class 1. — W. T. 
 Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — A level plain, with the exception of the part 
 tr&versed by Loon Creek, which is considerably broken, and a 
 . «mall portion of the north-west corner, which is somewhat roll- 
 ing The valley through which the creek runs varies in depth 
 &om 100 feet to 2(»0 feet, and comprises some good grazing lands ; 
 aHao, an abundance of splendid water, there being two small 
 lakes near the northt'rn boundary and numerous springs through- 
 07it the adjoining ravines. Soil, in the level and rolling prairie, 
 rich and first class ; on banks of creek, gravelly, stony and third 
 class.— C. E. Futon, 1882. 
 
 383. Outlines. — North — rolling prairie. Several marshes and hay 
 swamps were crossed. Class 8. No wood. West — rolling: 
 prairie, numerous marshes. A creek, flowing north, crosses Sec- 
 tions 18 and 19, with steep banks on each side. The south-west 
 half of Section 18 is greatly broken by this creek and its banks. 
 Classes 2 and B.—H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 The east is open prairie, very slightly rolling and consisting 
 ©fa very superior soil. — E. Bray ?881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Prairie. Tht bv>st land is in the south-east 
 portion, where the surface is levv.'! nd the soil very rich. Loon 
 Creek traverses the township i:i a south-erst (^.ir^'ction ; in two or 
 three places it expands into small lakes. The water, vhough. 
 fresh, is very bad ; but springs of good water may be found along 
 the banks of the creek. The land in the west portion is slightly 
 Tolling, and the soil scarcely so good as on the east side. Soil^ 
 from feix inches lo eiq-hteen inches deep, with clay or gravel sub- 
 soil ; first and second class. — C. E. Fitton, 1882. 
 
 7M:. Outlines — ^The north is generally good rolling land, with swamps 
 in a few places. No wood. The east is open, rolling prairie, 
 with a ffood soil, althoucrh somewhat broken bv marshes, pondsi, 
 ^c— il. jBrrti^, 1881. 
 
ii 
 
 I-. 411 ■ 
 
 ,^'?l 
 
 1*76 Trwrnhips West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XVII. 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, with numerous marshes ; most of 
 them are dry. A creek, in a valley 80 feet deep, runs through the 
 north of Section 7. A cart trail crosses the south-west half of 
 Section 6. Class 3 throughout.— If. Carre, 188 1. 
 
 Sub-division. — About one-third, including nearly the whole of 
 the east side, contains very many deep lakes and ponds, which, 
 . however, are of small size, rarely exceeding 5 or 6 acres in area. 
 The water they contain is fresh, but unfit lor drinking purposes. 
 Loon Creek passes through the western side in a southerly direc- 
 tion ; its water, though fresh, is of bad quality. The surface of 
 the country is rolling, and in some parts very broken and hilly. 
 It is all open prairie, there being no timber in the township, 
 excepting a few small bluffs of young poplar brush, surrounding 
 some of the lakes and sloughs. Soil, verv gravelly and stony ; 
 generally second class.— C. E. Fitton, 1882' 
 
 25, Outlines. — North and west is rolling prairie, interspersed with 
 islands of principally second growth poplar, with willows and 
 ponds, both increasing in density and number towards the eastern, 
 boundary. Soil, principally sandy loam, with clay subsoil, 
 gravelly knolls, and in many places covered with boulders. The 
 south-west half of the township is open, rolling prairie, with some 
 shallow ponds. Soil, sandy loam ; clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. — 
 a F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 The east is very rolling and broken by marshes, but very- 
 suitable for farming and grazing. There are occasional bluffs of 
 poplar.— .S. Brai/, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Remarkably uneven and hilly. The hills 
 assume all forms. On the tops of some there is a considerable 
 extent of level land ; but, as a rule, there is but little level ground, 
 nearly the whole of the higher land being occupied by the inclines 
 of the surface, and the depressions by small ponds and marshes. 
 These latter occupy about one-fifth of the entire area. The general 
 inclination of the surface is towards the south ; water generally 
 good. Soil, in the south-east portion, poor, gravelly, and stony on. 
 the hill tops. The north-east part has better soil, with a good 
 show of grass ; and here the ponds are surrounded by bluffs of 
 poplar, some being large enough to supply fencing. Generally 
 second class.—/. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
 iB6, Outlines. — The north is rolling and hilly prairie, with numerous 
 large belts of poplar and scrub of hazel, cherry, &c. Some of the 
 poplars are 10 inches, and the density of the bush and hilliness of 
 the country increases going eastward to the Indian Reserve in the 
 Little Touchwood Hills.— ^4. W. McVittie, 1882. 
 
 West— rolling prairie, interspersed with second-growth 
 poplar, with willows and ponds both increasing in density and 
 number towards the eastern boundary. Soil, principally sandy 
 loam, with clay subsoil, gravelly knolls, and, in many places, cov- 
 ered with boulders ; classes 1 and 2. Cart trail from Fort 
 Qu'Apnelle to Prince Albert rnnf. 
 north-west through this township. 
 
 •' !"^- ■-•i-.tti jr 
 
 from 
 
 • HV. 
 
 m 
 
 -C. F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 eij-k«-i*»% r\t> r**- ^f^ 
 
Tbwnships West of Second Initial Bleridian. — Rars^c XVII. ItT 
 
 East— except the south-east corner, the balance of the east 
 side 18 entirely in the Touchwood Hills, and is stony land, covered 
 with poplar and birch, some of the trees being large,— ^ Brair 
 1881, * 
 
 Suh'division.~Th.h township is nearly all bluffy. The westera 
 sections are only fairly open, but the eastern half is almost soUd 
 bush, with a few small open spaces. An Indian Reserve occupies 
 most of the eastern sections, running within two miles of the 
 south boundary. The timber, which is chiefly poplar, is larffe 
 running from 8 to 12 inches in diameter ; there is a great quantity 
 of dead wood. The soil is partly black loam, and partly sand 
 with gravel In the north-east corner, outside the reserve, are 
 several half-breed settlors, also a church connected with the 
 1 ouch wood Missions. A small creek of fresh water runs nearly 
 across the township, in a south-westerly direction ; there are also 
 numerous sloughs and small lakes. The Prince Albert trail runs 
 through the township in a north-westerly direction. Classes 2 
 and 3.— C. E. Fitton, 1888. 
 
 37. OM^Zmes.— North-commencing on Section 81, on high, broken 
 ground, the surface falls south-eastwards, with a rich alluvial 
 soil, on a gravelly subsoil, near the sloughs and gravel ridges 
 between. Poor, uneven and wet ; class 8. The west is rollmir 
 prairie having numerous bluffs of poplar and fresh water sloughi 
 A small lake crosses the boundary into Section 18, from the west, 
 boil, rich near the sloughs, but poor and gravelly between them. 
 Llasii 3.~A. W. Mc Vittie, 1882. 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, uneven and hilly at the south, 
 i'oplar bluffs and scrub. A few small marshes were crossed. A 
 • muskeg lake is situated about midway on this line. There are 
 also several lakes around the base of the Little Touchwood Hills, 
 wnich encroach on several of the south-east sections. A trail 
 trom Touchwood to the Mission also crosses here. Classes 1 and 
 2.—E. Devtl/e, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.~This township is thickly studded with poplar 
 and willow bluffs, the former running from 6 to 10 inches in 
 diameter. The eastern half is very dense. The northern portion 
 IS fairly open, but very much broken with high hills. There are 
 a number of sloughs, and the west boundary runs through Mis- 
 sion Lake, in which Loon Creek originates. The soil is prin- 
 cipally black loam, with here and there sand and gravel ; it is 
 rather too rough for arable purposes, but is well adapted for 
 grazing. The south-east corner is a portion of " Gordon's Indian 
 Keserve." There is a trail to the aovernment farm and the 
 Touchwood Post running through the township. There are some 
 hall-breed settlers in the south-east.— C. E. Fitton, 1883. 
 
 0«i/mes.— North— hilly prairie, with bluffs of poplar and willow- 
 timber, much broken by ponds and grass marshes. Soil, clay 
 loam and clay subsoil , classes 2 and 3. There is a large lake in 
 the north-east of Section 34, it has marshy shores, and is from 8 
 to 5 feet deep. A trail from Touchwood Hill to the Missioa 
 crosses Sections 34 and B3.— W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 2H. 
 
1 
 
 I .■ • 
 
 ^8 Townships West of Second Initiat^Meridian. — Range X^'II. 
 
 The west is a poor district, having numerous sloughs fringed 
 -with willows and separated with ridges and areas of gravel. 
 'J^here is rich loam near the sloughs ; class 8. — A. W. Mc Vittie, 
 18S2. 
 
 East — rolling and hilly prairie, with groves of small poplar 
 «tiid *>< rub. The main trail from EUice to Edmonton crosses the 
 nerth r .\st corner. The land varies between classes 1 and 2. — 
 JDeville, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Bollmg and, comparatively speaking, dry land, 
 "but few ponds of any size being found. In Section 27 there is a 
 lake, the water of which is fresn and good. Upon Sections 1, 2, 
 11, 12, 13, 23. 24, 26, ^6, 28 and 86, timber suitable for fuel and 
 fencing may be obtained, while elsewhere small groves of poplar, 
 fit only for fuel occur. Soil, principally a sandy loam, from 9 to 
 12 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; second class. — J. J. BurrowSf 
 1882. 
 
 S9. Outlines. — The north half of the east boundary is situated in the 
 Big Touchwood Hills, and is covered with thick woods of poplar 
 and birch, from 6 to 12 inches in diameter. There are also 
 numerous marshes . The south half lies partly on the south slope 
 of the hills, and along it there is a trail to the Indiam farm. The 
 main trail to Edmonton crosses the township diagonally, south- 
 east to north-west. The surface is rolling, with groves of small 
 poplar and scrub. The land rates classes 1 and 2. — E. DevillCy 
 18.^0. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township consists of roiling country, very 
 much broken with lakes and ponds. It is well wooded with small 
 poplar and willow, with a dense undergrowth of cherry, rose 
 bushes, &c. There is a great deal ot dead timber, both standing 
 and fallen, especially round the shores of Whitewood Lake. The 
 water in the larger ponds and lakes is good and fresh. The soil is 
 a good dark loam, but the country is so rough with brush and 
 fallen timber, and broken with ponds and lakes, that for farming 
 it may be rated class 3. The western tier of sections are in an 
 Indian Reserve.— T. S. Gore, 1884. 
 
 SO. Outlines. — The south end of the west boundary commences in 
 poplar bush from 4 to 12 inches, with heavy U-iderbrusL ; this 
 continues northward in diminishing proportions to open prairie 
 on Section 31. The whole surface is rolling prairie, with an 
 alluvial soil which is about 12 inches deep on a clay feubsoil, and 
 is rated throughout class 2. — A. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Sub-division. — Most of this township is set apart as an Indian 
 Beserve. It consists of rolling land, very much broken with 
 small lakes and ponds. It is thickly wooded throughout with 
 poplar, and generally a dense undergrowth of willow, cherry, &c. 
 There is a great deal of fallen timber everywhere through the 
 township, caused by fires during former years. Though the soil 
 is a dark loam and is very good, the country is so cut up with 
 ponds that, for agricultural purposes, it may be rated class 3. — T. 
 S. Gore, 1884. 
 
 tfi 
 
Tinin(*hip$ West of Second Iniffat Meridian— Range XVIT. 1'79 
 
 1. Outlines. — The north boundary was run over rolling prairie, with 
 a dark sandy loam soil, from 6 to 12 inches deep, rating class 2 
 throughout. Small creeks, almost dry in July, cross the line on 
 Sections 8, 36 and 36. With the exception of a few blufis of 
 wood the country is open. — A. O. Wheeler, 1884. 
 
 The west is rolling and open prairie, slowly ascending south- 
 wards. Soil, sandy, gravelly and lull ot stones; does not rate 
 over class B-A. C. Talbot, 1888. 
 
 82, Outlines. — The north-west corner lies on Big Quill Lake, South 
 from this the country is open and rolling, with a gravelly soil, 
 sandy, poor and not rating over clasB B.— A. C. Talbot, 1S88. 
 
 The north-east comer lies in Big Quill Lake. The east boun- 
 dary was run over rolling country, w^ith sandy and black loam 
 soils, 6 to 10 inches deep, nnd rating class 1. A small creek on 
 Section 13. The country between the first and second southerly 
 tiers of sections is rough, rolling prairie, with a class 1 soil. — 
 T. Drummond, 1883. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is rough, and, in the central 
 portion, hilly. The general slope of the country is to Big Quill 
 Lake, which cuts ofi the northern portion of the township. With 
 the exception that in a coulee running through Sections 1, 12, 18, 
 24, 25 and 36, there is no fresh water to be found during the 
 summer months, as the water in the lako is dtrongly alkaline. 
 There is some little timber scattered along the banks of this coul6e 
 near the lake, chiefly poplar, and this, with a large poplar bluff 
 on parts of Sections 1, 2, 11 and 12, and one on the south-east 
 corner of Section 1, is all the timber in the township. The trees 
 in these bluffs do not average more than 8 inches in diameter. 
 Scattered bunches of willow brush are to be met with, in the 
 south and south-eastern portions of the township. Near the lake 
 the land is broken by small coul6es, causing numerous inlets and 
 irregularities in the shore line ; sand, gravel and loose stones may 
 be found along the border of the lake. The soil consipts of a dark 
 sandy loam, with a subsoil of light sandy clay. An alkaline pond 
 and several alkaline sloughs are situated on Sections 21 and 22 ; 
 classes 1, 2 and B.—A. O. Wheeler, 1884. 
 
 # -^ 
 
 
 1.2** 
 
*.? 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OP SECOND INITIAX MERIDIAN. 
 
 Kanoe XVIII 
 
 ^. Outlines.— The surface on all the boundaries is undulatiue* 
 swamps and marshes are liberally scattered about and there is some 
 fine meadow land. The soil is a sandy loam, and the north and 
 the west is class 2, on the east, having gravel in some piai-es, the 
 rating lowers to classes 2 and 3. A large lake covers a portion of 
 Section 6, and s..uth of the lake the soil is sand and gravel ; class 
 8. There is a large fresh marsh on Section 7 and a cart trail 
 crosses Section 80. On the east there is an alkaline lake on Sec- 
 tion 24, and a few meadows on 25 and 36. Section 12 has a num- 
 ber of hills, about 60 leet high and plenty of surface bouicers 
 
 a E. Wolff, 1881. "uiut„8. 
 
 Sub-division.— J.B situate in the Missouri Coteau. The soil is 
 poor being of a sandy and gravelly nature ; clai sea wecond and 
 i^ u X^^P""<^« and lakes arem>8tly more or less alkaline, 
 though there is a fair percentage ol resh water. It W'»ald make 
 good pasturage land. No wood.— A Fafard, 1882. 
 «. Outlines.— The boundary lines were run over undulating prairie, 
 with a few ponds and marshes, but more numerous in the east! 
 Alluvial soil, three to six inches on a gravelly and sandy grey- 
 clay subsoil ; class 2 in the north, 1 and 2 in the west, and 2 and 
 3 m the east. Long Creek cresses the western half of Section 86 
 flowing in a south-easterly direction. A cart trail crosses the 
 township m the same direction entering it on Section 80 The 
 antler of the creek crosses the line three times in Section 31, the 
 banks are high and steep on the north side. Surface boulders on 
 Sections 1 and 12. Section 13 is broken by Long Creek and high 
 banks ; the water is one chain wide. — C. E Wolf, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Kolling prairie, and in some places might be 
 termed hilly, there are some pretty high ridges with moderate 
 slopes. There are several branches of Long Creek through it, one 
 near the centre, but none of them were running on the i6th July. 
 Water generally good. There are many good hay swamps and a 
 few ponds with very good water. The soil is principally clay 
 loam but rather shallow, with a hard clay subsoil. The surface is 
 a hard grav elly clay, with many stones and some large boulders 
 nearly all granite. Soil, classes 2 and 3. There is no .alluvial 
 soil in this section of the country except around the swamps, and 
 no timber, except a few bunches of willows on Section 29. 
 Vegetation, light, except in low or wet land, but partly on account 
 of extreme dry weather and frost ; it is evident grass has been 
 better in former years.— T. B. Cfilliland, 1883. 
 
 T, Outlines.— On the boundaries the surface is by turns, level, roll- 
 ing and undulating, with a subsoil of sandy and gravelly' clay, 
 covered with an alluvial soil, 6 inches deep, and class 2 on the 
 north and east, and 6 to 12 inches deep, and classes 1 and 2 on 
 
Tau;nship$ West of Second luitvU Meridian.— Range XVIII. 181 
 
 the west; generally fair for farming and grazing purposes ■ occa- 
 
 tirollT^l "'"'t^'' *^^ P«^^« ^^« C?eek flows 's^'h 
 through the township, entering by Section 81 ; it is 2 feet deen 
 current 1 mile an hour ; high hills on both sides. An old cS 
 W crosses Section b6. and a trail from Winnipeg to Vo^ 
 Mountain, Section l.—C. E. Wolff, l«82. i^ S to wooa 
 
 Su6-*/tt;mon.--Thi8 township is level and rolling prairie 
 
 S • mTh n?;i?^'^*f ^"^^"^ ^'T «" ^ ^^*^«^ hard day sX 
 •oil much of the surlace is very hard, gravelly clay ; there are 
 but few stones, except in ravines. There is a branch of the Soi^S 
 
 uppos^rC" K^^ '^^: '"'^^^y P^^' ^^ ^^- - small stre^, 
 supposed to be a branch running through Sections Id, 17, 29 
 
 Trin, ' w *. '''' *5' IV^ °^ J^^y' "Either was a con inuous 
 stream. Water good. There are a few swamps, with good C 
 and water. There is also a very fine lake in Section 8 ,^tS 
 sandy and gravelly shores and good water. Vegetation fair in the 
 west part, but m the east rath?r light, except in the flits No 
 timber ol any kind. Soil rates classics 2 .J^.^TBrnUla^l 
 
 *• TW '';7^^^ ''''\^^ ^'-^'y' undulating prairie, with a poor soil. 
 There are several ravines, but the streams in them dry soon 
 Some trees and brush were met with in these ravines.-O. J^ KMz, 
 
 West and east-rolling and level prairie. A few small 
 
 Tn a I'Jr T'"'^- 11^^^^' ^"^^y loam, from 4 to 8 incL dTep 
 on a sandy and gravelly grey clay subsoil ; classes I and 2. iS 
 old cart trail crosses Section 19. Creeks cross the boundary iS 
 Sections 6 and 7 ; the one in Section 6 is Long Creek, STs \ 
 feet deep ; current 1 mile an hour. The south half of Section 
 25 IS greatly broken by Mashspoon Creek, and high hills orS> 
 
 ! 1^" JT T'^ 'l^^ ^^^^ '^'^^ ^^<i 2 feet deep. Small ,^h 
 em and brush on the south side. This creek branches into Se J 
 
 l6HnL\:5f ^\'V^!/?^"^l^.T'^°^ '' i« 18 inches deep and 
 16 1 inks wide ; banks 40 feet high ; elm and ash 6 to 20 inches 
 
 m diameter on the north side. In Section 18 there is a patch of 
 
 C E Wall Tm ^'''^^^'^ '''°''^' ^^^ '^'^t^ ^^^^ «f Section l.~ 
 
 brokfn'*tti"'''"-~^''¥^""^ P''^^"^- The north-east portion is 
 7711^ '*^'T ^^ watercourses ; it also contains the bed 
 
 Creek A lf7l^^? ?"">'• ^^^"^ '' ^ ^^^^^W ^^ ^^^^ana 
 Creek. AW this tributary there were a few small elms. Soil, 
 
 da^s.-r'i^r;^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^-^^^^ p-^-^-^^ 
 
 *■ ^of/^i^'' T^''? ^ ^I"^ west-rolling and level prairie. Alluvial 
 sou, 4 to 8 inches deep, on a graveland sandy, grey clay subsoil • 
 
 linH ,?^"^H'"\^^"'*^^P^^d«™«<^^oLd; someVoodW 
 land on the^wesi A cart trail to Qu'Appelle leaves the township 
 
 and^^^r+h.?;. ^''^l^f ! *^ ?°°'^ •'^'w ^'^^'^ «^<^«« Sections 19 
 12^** '''' ^**^^' ^^ ■* ^^^^y meandering course ; both 
 
m 
 
 ! i 
 
 %0, 
 
 i 
 
 i?bl 
 
 ■I 
 
 I 
 
 " 
 
 182 7bwtuMp$ West of Second Imtinl Mertffian —Ran^eXYllI. 
 
 have small elm and willows all along their banks. Section 31 is 
 thickly strewn with surface boulders. Generally good for farming 
 and crazing purposes.-— C E. Wolff, 1882. 
 
 Along the east boundary the ground is generally level, but 
 Bomf'times und'ilating and rolling, and may be rafed class 1, the 
 soil being a heavy clay loam, well adapted for wheat-growing and 
 farming purposes ; well watered by hay marshes and creeks — P. 
 R A Bilanger, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Maple Creek, which passes through this town- 
 ship, contains almost the only surface water. There is a belt of 
 wood, about 150 feet wide, on each side of the creek composed of 
 maple, elm and ash, but not large enough for building purposes. 
 The soil is ht;rd and composed of clay and sand ; classes 1 and 2. 
 —L. P. Jfuireau, 1882. 
 
 lO. Outlinef --K'>t'ch— level; west — rolling and level prairie; allu- 
 vial soil vvra 6 to 10 inches deep, on a sandy and grey clay sub- 
 soil ; clas.G £ thronghout. Several marshes were crossed. A large 
 lake of Irfcf.h water submerges a portion of Section 34. This is a 
 very desirable locality for settlement, there being excellent farm- 
 ing land and plenty ot good, pure water. Sections 6 and 19 are 
 thickly strewn with surface boulders. Dry watercourses on 
 Sections 1 and 30. A large slough and coul6e in 31,~a E. Wolff. 
 1882, -^ 
 
 The east is gently rolling and level prairie, some par^ re 
 marshy and low, wet bottom lands, particularly in Section i . 
 Soil, heavy clay ; classes 1 and 3 ; excellent wheat land generally. 
 Moose Jaw Creek crosses Section 18 ; this creek is 3 feet deep, 
 muddy bottom, and has also muddy water, course north-west. A 
 creek, flowing east, crosses Section 1, it is 3 feet deep, fresh water 
 and muddy bottom ; small belts of ash and elm were noticed 
 along the shores of this creek. — P. H. A. Belanger, 1882, 
 
 Sub-division.— Vrsdrie. The northern boundary intersects a 
 good sized lake of fine clear water, through which a large creek 
 flows ; but at the time of the survey (September) there was no 
 current ; in fact, the water in it was not continuous. It has a 
 muddy bottom and, as the banks are low, it probably overflows in 
 the spring. The land along the creek is very fine, and the crop of 
 grass very heavy. There are numerous watercourses. The surface 
 generally is high and rolling, but a little rough in the south-west 
 I)ortion, where it is also rather stony. There is no meadow land, 
 except along the creek. Soil, on the whole, excellent, being a 
 brown clay, with clay subsoil ; first and second class.— S. L. Bra- 
 bazon, 1882. 
 
 11. 
 
 Outlines.— North and west — level and rolling prairie ; several 
 small marshes and hay meadows were crossed. Alluvial soil, 10 
 to 12 inches deep, on a grey clay subsoil ; class 1. Excellent 
 wheat land. Moose Jaw Creek crosses Section 19 and flows 
 south-east, it is three feei deep, with high banks on the east side. 
 A large grassy slough is situated in Section 1.—C. E. Wolff, 1882. 
 The east is nearly all level prairie, with a heavy clay upper 
 
12 
 
 townships Wett of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XVIII. 188 
 
 soil, about 18 inches deep on a clay subsoil, generally rating class 
 1, and all of it will make excellent wheat-growing land. There 
 are some good hay marshes and meadows along the line but no 
 running water.— P. R. A. Bilanger, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.~Vm\ne, well adapted for agriculture Soil, a 
 good, clay loam, twelve inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; first 
 class. Moose Jaw Creek crosses the south-west quarter of the 
 township ; course, north-west.—/' Burnet, 1882. 
 Outlines.— l\iQ north is rolling prairie ; good farming land ; heavy 
 clay soil ; some gravelly ridges ; excellent for wheat. Class 1 — 
 A. C. Webb, 1881. V. i«« X. 
 
 The west is level or rolling prairie. Soil, a rich black loam, 
 12 to i5 inches deep, on a grey clay subsoil. Good farming or 
 wheat land. On Section V the line crosses a marsh about half a 
 mile wide, and north of this a number of smaller ones occur at 
 intervals.— a M. Wolff, 1«82 
 
 The east is level prairie, several marshes, and low, wet bot- 
 tom lands Soil, heavy clay, with clav subsoil ; class 1. Excel- 
 lent whea^ land.— P. R. A Bilanger, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. --1h& whole of this township is level prairie. 
 Ihe soil is a dark, sandy, clay loam, averaging in depth from 
 three to six inches. Good water can be obtained in almost every 
 part of the township, a few feet from the surface. There is no 
 wood of any kind.— Dwmats and Michaud, 18h2. 
 
 0««//i«es.— Prairie, gently-rolling in the north and west, and level 
 m <he east. Soil, clay loam on a white clay subsoil. There are 
 many small marshes, and on Sections .H2 and 33 is a larger one. 
 No wood. The east is level prairie Numerous sloughs and 
 marshes. Soil, clay loam ; class 1. Excellent farming land, and 
 also good grazing, as there is plenty of fresh water in the slouffhs. 
 —A. F Cotton, 1882. ^ 
 
 Sub-division. — Level prairie, rather wet and cloggy for agri- 
 culture, appearances indicating that the water Hps a long time on 
 the land here in spring ; a very few small ponds occur. Soil, 12 
 to 15 inches deep, with a clay loam subsoil ; first class.— JS. D. 
 Henderson, 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines— The north is level prairie. Several large marshes. 
 Alluvial soil over 18 inches deep; class 1. A cart trail crosses 
 Section 32. G-ood farming land— C. Desjardins, 1882. 
 
 The boundaries run over arently-rolling prairie, usually with 
 a good clay loam soil, on a subsoil o'f white (lay. There is a large 
 sheet of water on Sections 24 and 25. Marshes and small ponds 
 occur frequently. On the e ist the soil is clay loam; class 1. 
 Excellent farming land A large marsh covers the north half of 
 Section 86. The south is gently-rolling prairie. A large marsh 
 on the east ; small and shallow ones are numerous in the remain- 
 ing' portion ; soil, a clay loam ; subsoil, white clay.— 4. F. Cotton, 
 1882. 
 
 ^ Sw6-rf/mstore.— Undulating prairie, with no timber or brush 
 Oi any kind. The eaaieriy portion is interspersed with a faw 
 
 18. 
 
con- 
 a 
 
 
 1«. 
 
 '■ I 
 
 
 184 fhumnhipg Wert of Second initial MeHMtm-Ranze XVIII. 
 
 S^hf/'rf'^r'"p^/°?-^ ^"^"^ ^^^ principal one occunyinir a co: 
 Bderable part of Sections 24, 25 and 26 Soil, 18 iucU wiJh 
 clay loam subsoil; generally first class.-C. G. Sheli!laTm2 
 
 **' ?oof dee^^^^^^ ^"" «^^' 1«^«1 F«irie. formed of a 
 
 Th« w„ ^ friable loam, but is more marshy than Townshio 16 
 
 h^reTchSS^de^T^"/'^".*^^^^^^ ^" Section 24 ^It'fs 
 by^:qMa?nfSin^^^^^ 
 
 frkbk ?oim'"' r'r„t ",''™,' P"^'™' «>™<'d of a good, deep. 
 
 £tfcu X'^ofr^wX''.i;^.dlx 
 ^(^^emSeronfa^nH «?'■■''• ^'"' "<'* ™'«» *'"' township 
 Twt tl o. d t • 8, jorming an expanse of clear, open water^ 
 
 "eryli .l*cnrtnt"'nfll''-^^^ ^fP " ""^ "i-^-el, with 
 S o the eas^side .^H" '"«*'"' "".?'' "' " ""'"'' « or IJehains 
 
 leaves^he townshfjr/settionTl 'Vw„'d"'r ^'"' ^^'^ 
 1882. ^ oei-uon ai. iso wood.— C. Des^arUins, 
 
 allu4af'«lir'of "•""'' composed of good, level farming land, with 
 
 S Se°of survev'?*' a supply „fg<^ „„P. So^^Zswere! 
 -. ™ ;™S:';88l:''"'' °'"°« '*» '""^^- No wood of any kind.' 
 
 Outlines.- A low ridge of sandhills, containing a very little wood 
 lies across the township in a north-westerly direction The bal-' 
 
 and the soil dry and classes 1 and 2.— (?. U. Ryley, 1881. ^ 
 
 watefi;or'lir.;Tl-^''^ •'°^^' ^^^^^^^^ stony j^'some potholes; 
 water good , all rolhng prairie. The C.P.R. crosses the north of • 
 
 teiTsTs ^^' '^"'^ ^^^"* ^^**^ ®'^*^°^ «^ Section 3 WL. 
 
 a^nd'tTnil'^^tr^^^^ 
 
 subsSh ;i««« 'i A ^^ ^°«,^«? deep, on sandy and sandy clay 
 
 ExrpTlilWo ^-1 h °^]i ^'^'^ ^'•^^^e^ Sections 81 and 32 
 
 Jixcellent farming land.-C?. C. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 yv est— the country here is magnificent, beini? a ffentl v-rollinir 
 
 draiW W^*^' ''p of Wy ricg clay, r^tedlrTclass. It I 
 
 
 ir 
 
 IS. 
 
 ->""?^«|S*;«*^~^^^^** 
 
»■ ■ -'« 
 
 TbwmMpi Wert of Second Tnitial 1\/f^Hdimm—Rang9T^ Ml. 185 
 
 East — open prairie, slightly rolling land. No wood or water. 
 Class l.-GT. U Rvtep, 18HI. 
 
 Sub division. — Rolliiifjr prairie. Water scarce, though obtain- 
 able by sinking wtlh Wood for tuol may be proiunid from 
 localitit>8 about ten mile lorth. Soil, a clay loam, iruiusix inches 
 to ten inches deep, witl a clay or gravel subsoil; chiefly second 
 class I^ggy Crefk crcisses the township, it is a small stream. 
 The O.r.R crosses the south-east corner. A. Hamel, 1882. 
 
 10. Outlines. — North and west— rolling and undulating prairie, several 
 small marshes. Soil from 10 to 12 inch^ s deep, on sand and gravel 
 subsoils; classes 1 and 2. Two-t ids of Section is occupied 
 by a large poplar bluff, other small uluffs of the same timber were 
 occasionally met with. A cart trail crosses Section 7. Good 
 agricultural land. — G. C. Rainboth, 188.i. 
 
 The southerly part of the eastern boundary is open prairie, 
 but the nort herly two-thirds has scattered clumps of poplar. The 
 soil throughout is a dark loam and rates first ' 1 ' s. — Q. U. Rylep, 
 1881 
 
 Sub-division.- HoWmg country About one-third is open 
 prairie, the remainder beincr covered v ah dense bluffs of poplar, 
 mostly of second growth, w ith willows. There are many ponds 
 containing good, fresh wator, and lumerous hay swamps. Set- 
 tlers in Hegina and vicinity come here lor fuel. Soil, in the 
 north part, a sandy loam, wi'** dby subsoil; generally second 
 class— il. Hamel, 1882. 
 
 20. Outlines. — North— rolling »' -rvwitl^ »ff«Kj quality of soil, con- 
 sisting of a rich loam on .*' stbfepoil TiU»r« are a number of 
 pondu and creeks Some jtX '..« ^ W, W Thot/ipson, 1881. 
 
 "West — rolling prairie, with bftsh Oit ««all poplars and willows 
 in clumps about equally divided b«Hw<^n pratii© and bluffs. 
 Numbers of small marshes, rioil van^ from i*« to 12 inches in. 
 depth on a sand, clay and loam subsoilb ; classy I and 2 A. cart 
 trail crosses Section 19. Good agriculturai lartd ouxh. — 
 
 undulating and rolling prairie ; poplar blutfs ; a lew luarihes. 
 Soil, clay and sandy loams ; classes 1 and 2. — G C Racnboih, 
 ' 1882. 
 
 The east is covered with small poplars exct^pt intervening^ 
 open patches. Rolling land. Soil is all class 1. A t^w sloughs 
 were met with — G. U. Ryley, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling country. The south part is wooded 
 with a thick growth of small poplar, while the uoira part » 
 mostly prairie, with small bluffs of poplar and will* « nwmaJkmf 
 material for fence rails and fuel. There are many .-,mall hay 
 marshes, the water in which is good. Soil, a sandy loam, ti inches 
 to 14 inches deep, with subsoil of clay ; second class. — A. Hamel, 
 1882. 
 
 SSa. OM/fWnes— Surveyed the boundaries. The township is crossed, 
 east and west, by the Qu'Appelle River, with a meandering course, 
 broad valley, high banks and deep adjoining ravines. Wi'h this 
 eicer»tion the countrv alou<»' the boundaries is rollinir praiiie, with 
 
 I 
 
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 IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
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 7 
 
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 1.25 
 
 1 
 
 1.4 
 
 1.6 
 
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 / 
 
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 9 
 
 P 
 
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 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 <6 
 

«■■ 
 
 186 
 
 \J 
 
 Township, West of Second IniUai Meridian.-^ Ran fe XVlll. 
 
 1, 2 and 8. with l^rgem^s^Lr.lSV^,'^^^ *^^ ^*' «!««««« 
 and 19 are greatly broken h7& Mil "" *J^ '^•^^' Sections 18 
 running soSth-ealt^nd Tn /ecSfn l1 . ^^^^'T' » s^aU creek 
 whole of a quarter'^cuiS ?n Sect-on Jofc ^"^ 5T'« *^« 
 have mapie trees. Two-thirdt of Si ?^ - o® ^^^'^ ^* *^« «eek 
 by a large lake. ThrOu'ln^plL l- °^ "" ^^^''''' ^0 is covered 
 
 by t^ljSpSirttilf lit" »»'*.»■'-> '""a eq,.I portion, 
 
 P^rie; on the so^fh side u' ^a orii„Tp'Sie''^hrt "i"'^ 
 of poplar and a dense underirmwH, „? '^^J ' ,'' """'"''"'"Ps 
 vallev itself is neariraU "STnd tTtl'^Vi'^l ""h 
 exists to meet the mnnir-cxr «..* i> 7i^ lanos. bufficieut wood 
 
 fencing. Soi m^VvTrdZ "ftf^'" '»[.'•?"''«- ^'1. •»-! 
 
 crosses^the sout^tle %f l^tToT "^ol^^^^^ ^^1 Qu'Appefle trail 
 exception of some three or fonr;^.?' ^""T^^J l^g^t, with the 
 which are fir^t class Th^eastanST ^'^ **^« ^^^^h-east corner 
 to be gravelly and stony • LclSS Thp^i^^ '^- ^^'^^^'^ 
 
 ""^ ^icK^^I^ra^f b^^^^^^ f-Pt-# Section 34. 
 
 The land rates ckss 2 The west I Iff "^ ir ^""^ ^^^^^ ^^««^- 
 few small marshes anH raff- i n^!..*" ^°^^^°S Prairie, with a 
 also rollin^rie w^fh nn™ ^^ ^ throughout. The east is 
 
 Mgh bank! Sses's^ttL ?4 Td i« f%''^''- ^ «'^^^ ^^^ 
 section being ffrSlv brot«« K ?u • ' *?^ ^**^« ^°^*''' ^^^ latter 
 2 and .-i.-^^ CWe 1881 ^ *^'' ^"'""^ ^^'^ ^^^ ^^"^«- Classes 
 
 in Section 24 anrrunsTn vf Lvl'??' ^V.^^^ranches which unite 
 aides of whichTe^vered w tL^^^^ liV^ ?'* ^^^P' t*^« ««^<^ 
 brush The onl^oSIr Um^er t n^nf • ."f '; ^"^ ^^^^^ST poplar and 
 on tiections 17 20 «^d 29 Th« "^'i^^^^.^'^ [^ ^^^^e small bluflFs 
 i« A <, -u and J9. The water m the creek is fresh, but 
 
 *-• V 
 
 , 
 
 » B. -^ 
 
1M 
 
 i- \ 
 
 25 
 
 » L -^ 
 
 Twm%Uiti Weft of Secom initial Meridian. -Range XVTII. 18T 
 
 unfit for drinking, having a very bad taste ; but there are some 
 springs of excellent fresh water at intervals along iti banks. The 
 surface of the township is more or less broken by ploughs and 
 water holes, which is particularly the case in the vicinity of the 
 creek. Soil, a clay loam, from 4 inches to 18 inches deep, with 
 some gravel, and inclined to be light ; clay subsoil ; second class. 
 —a E. Fitton, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — North — generally good rolling land, with swamps in a 
 few places. A few bluflFs of poplar exist in this township. — E. 
 Bray, 1881. 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, except Section 80, which is broken 
 by the valley of Long Creek ; class 2. Cart trail to Touchwood 
 crosses Section 86. The east is rolling prairie, with nnmeroos 
 marshes, most of them dry. In Section 12 a creek runs through 
 « valley 80 feet deep. An old cart tradl crosses Section 1 ; class 
 8 throughout —H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, open for the most part, but 
 thinly scattered with small, dead poplars. These occur in bluflfe, 
 «nd are interspersed with a thick growth of willow bushes The 
 only live timber is on Sections 81 and 82, which are thickly 
 covered with poplar bluflfs, some of which contain trees up to six 
 inches diameter. There are numerous small sloughs, mostly dry 
 in summer. A cart trail passes through the township north-west 
 joining the trail to Touchwood Mission traversing the north-west 
 corner. Two branches of Long Valley Creek run throagh the 
 township, one in a north-easterly and the other in a north- 
 westerly direction ; the water thev contain, though fresh, is ex- 
 ceedingly bad. Soil, generally light, and inclined to be gravelly, 
 2 inches to 12 inches deep, with a clay or gravel subsoil. The 
 bjst land is found in Sections 1, 2, 23, 24, 26, 10 and 16, which is 
 first class, the remainder being second —G. E. Fitton, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — The north and west consist of open 8md rolling prairie, 
 with sandy and clay loam soil ; classes 1 and 2 ; some poplar 
 islands. Long Valley Creek and tributaries ran through this 
 township. The east has some second-growth poplar, with wil- 
 lows and ponds. The soil is principally sandy loam, with clay 
 subsoil, gravelly knolls and, in many places, covered with bould- 
 ers ; classes 1 and 2. The south-east half of this township is open, 
 rolling prairie, with some ponds. Soil, sandy loam, clay subsoil; 
 classes 1 and 2.-0. F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Comparatively level or gently - undulating*. 
 From the east boundary there is a gradual descent westward to 
 Long Valley Creek, or its east branch, which meanders south 
 through Sections 84, 26, 23, 14, 15, 10, 11, 2 and I. In Section 2S 
 the stream enlarges to a lake about one mile long. Another larger 
 lake embraces a large part of Sections l4, 15 and 10. The land on 
 both sides of the stream is very level and of good quality, but 
 much broken by sloughs or small bluffs, each with a slough in 
 the centre. I*io timber of economic value exists. Water is good 
 and abundant everywhere. Soil, 4 inches to lb inches deep, with, 
 a clay subsoil ; si^coud class. -J. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
! ,, 
 
 188 
 
 '!\*tt>nship% We^t of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XVIII. 
 
 Outlines.---ThQ west is rolling and hilly prairie, with numerous^ 
 islands of poplar and willow, and shallow ponds. Soil, princi- 
 pally sandy loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. The east 
 IS open rolling prairie, with sandy and clay loam soil ; classes 1 
 and 2. Some poplar islands, with willows. Long Valley Creek 
 and tributaries run through this township.— C. F. Miles, 1882. 
 *v, ^'*^- division.— T\iQ north-east half lies within what are called 
 the Touchwood Hills, consisting of well-rounded conical hills, 
 varying in height up to 250 feet above the intervening valleys. 
 Ihe north slopes are invariably steep and wooded with poplar, 
 generally small, but sometimes attaining 8 inches diameter. 
 Jietween the hills there are generally ponds, marshes and sloughs, 
 some of which, by a series of connections, are drained so as to pro- 
 duce Long Valley Creek, which apparently takes its source in 
 Section 25. Three lakes along its course have been surveyed. 
 There are numerous bluffs of small poplar and willow, with 
 generally a pond, marsh or slough in the centre. The main 
 stream of the creek traverses the most westerly tier of sections, 
 and in September was, in some places, dry ; its bed is from 12 feet 
 to 20 feet wide, with generally steep banks on either side, from 
 26 to 83 feet high, stony and gravelly. There is considerable 
 pass m the flats and valleys, but on the summit of the hills the 
 herbage IS short. Water is invariably gobd and soft. The south- 
 west naif IS lower land, and the surface less uneven and rolling j 
 The land IS also better than in the north-east half Soil, from 4 
 inches to 12 inches deep, with clay subsoil : second class.— J. A. 
 Snow, 1882. 
 
 . Om^/iwcs.— North— rolling prairie, with many poplar bluffs and 
 sloughs, and a sandy loam soil, from 6 to 12 inches deep, on a clay 
 subsoil ; class 3 all round. East— rolling prairie, with numer- 
 ous bluffs of poplar and fresh water sloughs. A small lake in 
 Section 13 extends eastwards into the adjoining township. Soil, 
 rich near the sloughs, but gravelly between ; class 3. The south 
 boundary of this township was run over rolling prairie, having 
 numerous small ponds and marshes, and clamps of poplar. The 
 soil is sandy loam on a clay subsoil, und the rating is not over 
 class Z.—A. W. McVitfie, 1882. 
 
 Westwards— the greater part consists of open, rolling prairie. 
 Soil, sandy loam, with a few boulders in places ; clay subsoil ; 
 classes 1 and '2.—C. F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— Slightlj rolling prairie, covered with numer- 
 ous bluffs of poplar and willow, the poplar averaging in diameter 
 from 2 to 6 inches. On the east side of the townehip, a small arm 
 of Mission Lake runs a short distance into Section 18. out of 
 which flows Long Valley or Loon Creek, in a west and south- 
 "WCbterly direction, through Sections 18, 14, 15, 10, 8, 4. Several 
 large ponds are formed here and there, where it passes through 
 low places, the water in all of which is clear and good ; the aver- 
 age width of the creek is about 10 links, and the depth 8 to 4 links. 
 Sloughs are numerous, though not large, and are bordered with 
 dense willows and poplars. The soil is good, but not class 1, and 
 
 a 
 
 j-t- 
 
 ,.v 
 
Tmnxhips Wea of Second Initial Meridian— Range X7111. 189^ 
 
 is either clay or clay loam, with one or two exceptions, in which 
 It 18 a mixture of sand, clay and gravel— (7. E. Fttton, 1888. 
 28. Outlines.— The north is rolling and undulating praine, with 
 scrubby bluffs of poplar and willows, and many small marshes. 
 The soil IS a clay loam, and this section rates class 2thTouffhout — 
 W. T. Thompson, 1881. ^ 
 
 • u ^^^t- rolling prairie ; numerous sloughs and bluffs of poplar ; 
 rich sandy loam soil, in places gravelly, especially on the ridges. 
 Ihe sloughs are generally choked with willows. This locality 
 ^tes classes 2 and 3. East— poor locality ; numerous sloughs 
 fringed with willows and separated by ridges of gravel There is 
 plenty of rich loam on gravelly clay subsoil, but not available : 
 rating class 3.— il. W. McVittie, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— Ghie&j rolling land, with but few ponds of 
 considerable size. Timber fit for buildirg purposes exists upon 
 Sections 4, 9 and 1*7, while upon Sections 11, 12, 14 and 15, and 
 elsewhere, wood fit for fuel and fencing abounds. Soil, a sandy 
 loam, 7 to 11 inches deep, with clay subsoil ; second class.—/. /. 
 Burrows, 1882. 
 
 2». Outlines.— Tiiorih and west— rolling prairie, with young poplar and 
 willow bluffs. Water, from 1 to 2J feet deep, was found in every 
 bluff. Soil, from 6 to ^^ inches deep, on sand and clay subsoils ; 
 class 2 in the north and 1 and 2 in the west. A cart trail and the 
 telegraph line from Touchwood Hills to Prince Albert cross 
 through Section 35. Section 86 is nearly all covered with poplar 
 and willow bluffs.- A. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 St,b-division.— This township is rolling, and well wooded with 
 small poplar, growing in bluffs scattered throughout it. 'i he soil 
 
 mi^^T^^'^^^y ^®^T ^°°'^' ^®^"^ ^ ^"^^y ^'^^™' ^i*^ ^ clay subsoil. 
 The land is much broken with ponds and sloughs, and is also, in 
 many places, covered with willow scrub There is a good growth 
 of grass all over the township, and it would be better suited for 
 stock-raising than for general farming. This is a fractional town- 
 ship, the eastern half of it being cut off by the Indian Reserve of 
 " Poor Man's " band. Classes 2 and 8.— T. S. Gore, 1884. 
 SO. Ow^/ertes.— West— rolling prairie, with young poplar bluffs ; 
 water was found in every bluff. A small creek, in a valley 26 feet 
 deep, crosses Section 6 ; it is 6 inches deep ; good water ; current 
 slow. A ravine, 80 leet deep, crosses Section 7 ; two others, 20 
 and 30 feet deep, respectively, cross Section 18. A small creek, 4 
 feet wide, 12 inches deep, good water, swift current, and a cart 
 trail from Touchwood Hills to Prince Albert, cross Section 30. 
 An old cart trail and the telegraph line from Touchwood Hills to 
 Prince Albert, and a ravine, 20 feet deep, cross Section 81. Soil, 
 from 5 to 6 inches deep, on a sand ard clay subsoil ; class 2. 
 The south end of the east boundary commences in poplar bush 
 of trees from 4 to 12 inches in diameter, growing among thick, 
 close underbrush ; this continues northward in diminishing pro- 
 portions till open prairie is reached in Section 36. The whole 
 , surface is rolling, and the alluvial soil 18 inches deep ; rated 
 class 2 throughout. -il. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 1 
 
'm 
 
 I'll '■ 
 
 Eli 'Sr: 
 
 190 
 
 
 ir-ja 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.-Ran^e XY ill. 
 
 with small poSarthonJrfn; ^ 'S"^"" ^°°^^^' principalf; 
 would do forffidinrTK -^^ places, there are trees that 
 
 especrally fn the noXwIt^rLV^ ^T^^^I '^^^* ^^*^ ^^W 
 
 prairie. The towrshipZy be rate^^^^^^^ '• "'"'^^"^^ "P^^ 
 T. -S. Gore, 1884. ^ ^'"'^ farming as class 3.— 
 
 subsoil • class 2 t1T<. 1 • ^ *° ? ^'^'^^^^ <ieep, on a sand 
 
 JdpartsoZsecSs ?4?„'S'?f """■"I'"; Sections 1, 2 U, 12 
 bluff?. The Sf L''t^t:l'i?/nlfl', IX'bunn'l'S^ 
 
 A O HCtflisr ^*'' * '"'"°" "f '■^o^" «"">; elay.i 
 0««i»es —The north-east corner lies in Bis Onill r»k. <!„«ti, 
 
 whTch'fstndrs^r z'^r' -"-^-"b " ^ten/°^t 
 
 8S 
 
fbwnships Went of Second Initial Meridian.—Rang* XVIII. 191 
 
 8n"a;vel ; while in the western portion the same loam covers a sub- 
 soil ot yellow clay, and a large proportion of alkali is mixed with 
 tne soil As a whole the township may be ranked as class 8 — 
 A. O. Wheeler, 1884. 
 
 83. 0«//i«es.— The west is level prairie, with small willow bluffs. 
 
 Water was found in every bluff"; several small marshes were met 
 
 with boil, ftom 2 to 6 inches deep, on a sand and clay subsoil ; 
 
 .^^',„ Big Quill Lake submerges the line in Sections 6 and 7 — 
 A. C. Talbot, 1888. v onu ♦ . 
 
 Sub-division.— The largest portion of this township is sub- 
 merged by Big Quill Lake; the balance is gently-rolling prairie 
 land, with some scattered bunches of willow brush, chiefly on 
 Sections 30, 81 and 82, and a luxuriant growth of grass may be 
 found throughout. The lake is bounded by low, marshy shores, 
 the water being strongly alkaline, and utterly unfit for drinking 
 purposes. The soil consists ol a rich black or dark sandy loan?, 
 with a subsoil of brown sandy clay, and may be rated class 1. 
 There is a large island situated on parts of Sections 6, 6, 7 and 8, 
 
 r®^*'^;.. ®^^ ®^ ^^^^^ ^^ covered by drowned poplar of fair size. 
 A. O. Wheeler, 1884. 
 
 84. S«6-rfivw«o«.— Surveyed the boundaries and subdivided this town- 
 ship. It is mostly covered with a heavy growth of grey willow and 
 poplar, some of the latter beinc of large size, but much destroyed by 
 fares which seem to periodically run over this district. There is 
 however, heavy poplar to the south and east, which is well pro- 
 tected and isolated by swamps. The laud is heavy clay, and well 
 adapted for farming purposes; it is well watered by Stony Creek 
 and several branches. This creek has high banks for almost its 
 entire length through the township ; and although there are no 
 rapids on it, the current is so strong, and of such a volume, that 
 parts might be made useful for milling purposes. There are 
 numerous patches of prairie adjoining the creeks. The place is 
 desirab^ for settlement. The surface has a gradual descent to the 
 Carrot Kiver, and, therefoie, no large marshes occur.--^. C. Caddy, 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OP SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Hanoe XIX. 
 
 were crossed. A l„ffe alkaitoelL l!™«f''.'"TP4' '"^ P""^ 
 
 «nd Sd„wLds"''tfeSTlif''TT.^ 7'* ■»«'>>«- 
 in Section 1. Soil tolhe fonth „f TTt, '^"•""■^» »' tte line 
 
 feef A oa.f\ -i 25 these hills rise to the heiffht of 100 
 
 leet. A cart trail crosses the north of Spptinn os "eigai oi luu 
 
 18a2 section. Good agricultnral land.— C £. Wolff, 
 
 *■ sMowma'J:hes~i7cr''?^'"?P™"'- There are a few«naU 
 ofcitus^O 7jH„t isSl ^^'^^^ ''"'"' i^^ome growth 
 
 »uri,Tn"l.^X^0""'^i?r'?r81°™^" '^''"^ "' ^ 
 deep^oT™i?v'^rev''t'^ kvel p,«jrie. Soil, 5 to 8 inches 
 fining SteM^^^^^ 
 
 adaptS'oUheX£i^r„?!;:^^fL'?'»'^»' Thisjand is weU 
 
 o "^©xa^mg purposes. — u.Ji. Wolf, 1882. 
 
Townshipt West of Second Initial Meridian —Ran^e XIX 198 
 
 Outlines. — North and west— is an open prairie, broken byTavinea. 
 A chain of small blufis rises in the centre ot this township, aud 
 runs in a south-easterly and north-westerly direction. The soil is 
 hard clay, mixed with gravel and stones ; but it is suitable for 
 agricultural purposes. The water in the ravines is abundant in 
 spring, but scarce in summer. — P. R. A. Bilanger, 1882. 
 
 East — rolling, undulating and level prairie. One large 
 marsh was crossed in Section 13. Alluvial soil, 4 to 6 inches deep, 
 on a gravelly and grey clay subsoil ; class 2. Good hay land in 
 the valley on Section 12. A tributary of Moose Jaw Creek crosses 
 the north quarter of Section 24 ; on the banks are ash and elm 
 trees, averaging 8 inches in diameter ; the remainder of this sec- 
 tion is greatly cut up by hills and ravines. Part of Section 36 is 
 thickly strewn with surface boulders. Good agricultural and 
 grazing land.— C. E. Wolf, 1882. 
 
 Subdivision. — Mostly open prairie, there being a few clumps 
 of small timber in the north-eastern portion. It is, however, only 
 fit for firewood, of which it will furnish but a limiied supply. 
 The surface of the land is generally undulating, the northern 
 portion being hilly and broken up by ravines and deep water- 
 courses. The dry bed of a stream traverses the township from 
 west to east, but in October there was no running water within 
 its limits. Soil, in the southern part, clay loam and first class ; 
 in the northern part, harder, and in some places stony, con- 
 sequently rated second and third class. — /. Warren, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — North and west — open prairie, broken by ravines, which 
 are stony. The soil is hard clay, mixed with gravel and stones; 
 but it is suitable for agricultural purposes. The water in the 
 ravines is abundant in spring, but scarce in summer. A small 
 creek crosses part of this township aud flows into Moose Jaw 
 Creek. There are also a few patches of shrubbery. — P. R. A. 
 B4langer, 1882. 
 
 Kolling, undulating and level prairie. Sections 1 and 24 are 
 thickly strewn with surface boulders. Soil, 6 to 8 inches deep, 
 on sand, gravel and black clay subsoils ; class 2. Dry water- 
 courses cross Sections 12 and 25. There is a large slough and 
 coul6e in the south-east half of Section 36. — C. E. Wolf, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — A portion is very rough and much cut up by 
 large ravines, the bottom and sides of which are strewn with 
 boulders. The remainder is generally rolling prairie, and fairly 
 good. The soil throughout is hard clay, in places stony and none 
 of it alluvial. There are numerous creeks and watercourses. No 
 marshes of any size, and the grass very scant. No wood. — S. L. 
 Brabazon, 1882. 
 
 11. Outlines — The north and west is generally level, with undulating 
 and rolling prairie, and may be ranked class 1, the soil being a 
 heavy clay loam, well adapted for wheat and farming purposes ; 
 it is well watered by hay marshes and creeks. — P. R A. Bilanger, 
 1882. 
 
 On the oast, fnr the first 2| miles going south, the land is 
 rolling prairie, with a stretch of marsh about two-thirds of a mile 
 
 lO 
 
mmmm 
 
 HI 
 
 194 
 
 Township, West of Second Initial Meridian,^ Ranfre XIX 
 
 la 
 
 South of the creek the 8urfaori« !in ? ^"'^^ "^''^^ ' ^"^'^^^t «Iow. 
 quite so good as a]o„V?i^^rl?parrof ^^^^^^ '"^^^^ ««^^ "<>* 
 
 CrJt^tt^^ar^^^ Moose ..aw 
 
 waSursVe?ii:S^S^^^^^^^ «--"'^^ 
 
 The Moose Jaw ave^^ffes in wfdth frl flTi^ '.".^?1^""« 1^ *°d 2^ 
 are generally low, anIiL L^om if 17. ^^ *^° ^^ ^i'J^'- ^^^ banks 
 low brush was found in placesTloL tL'^^ "?"^?^u ®°"»^ ^^^ 
 
 growing and general farmilDuZi, Jj^ ^f"'"!'' '° '''"'»* 
 aarsheaando?eeks-P™'"iPS?:;,''?8tr" ^'"™'' '■y'"'? 
 
 or wheat land. On Section 19 ,« o r»\^i^^? 7\ ,n °^ farming 
 
 Moosf Lttre:k~t^rile?st^^^^^^^^^ Ir^ ^ ^''' -^^^^^^-g- 
 loam, 12 inches ^e^^l^^o^ ^^ts^^^^^;:!^ 
 
 ^^'cCTri^tirZt^,^^^^^^^ P/airie^ Soil, clay loam ; 
 
 farmingland. OntheoSierhonn^ • °!v,^««*^«^ ^4. ifiicellent 
 
 IS a large sheet of water in the Southern part of thil? ^^-'^ 
 Hay marshes occur at int-rvals alnurr ^{.o P*",®* *^^8 township. 
 No wood. Good fa?mTngT^d te ^^ V\ ^^^^^^aries. 
 
 -il. iJ'. CbWon, 1882 ^ ' ^^^P^^d for wheat cultivation. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulatiuff nrftiria <a«;i . 
 
 with clay subaoil; firat olSa?i|."SL< ISsI '^ ^"^^^ "'"y- 
 
 another! l^n^^i^rofn^^i^Jl'X-^P^A S-«on iJ: 
 
 -J, a Baxxoii One ai me nortiiera. 
 
 V 
 
 N 
 
 iinmB^'.-infimwvifK'mmmmaimr^^ 
 
V 
 
 ^m 
 
 16. 
 
 17 
 
 tel^n^f^trjCs^^ Thorns uo wood, 
 
 for wheat. -^ F. cX I8d2 ™'"^ *"^ ^«^' «^dapte<i 
 
 quair;:(;rr;uJ^^V-^ son of fir. Cas. 
 
 largo ]ake8 and several marS in h ?/ ^"'ir''' '^'^^''^ '^ro two 
 kind.-/. /iour^e,n,, 18?2 '^ township. No wood of any 
 
 and the soil class 1 Thpr . sl'^htly undu];,tiT,^ r^rairie 
 
 the north and east bount os many oHh' '"^f "^^^ ^^ 
 C. De^jardim, 1882 ' ^ ^^ *^*^"» <i^7- No wood.-- 
 
 watejSririN^ri^LTr^^^^^^^ %lr ^^^"^ -^^ = ^^- 1- 
 
 water ^"fr'nSed'''«oirto'; i;i1n'^^^^'^L«-^^-- ^-yHttle 
 i^. E. Brunelle, 1,k82. ' "^ ^^ ''''^^*'' ^^ep ; first class.— 
 
 marshy edges and little or no curre^^c^^^^^^^ 
 
 Section 36. Good farmino- land wpII ^ n^f n '? *^'', ^°^*^ ^^If of 
 
 No ^^ood.~W. Pearce, 1881 ' "'^^^^^ ^^' ^^«^t growing. 
 
 whit^^lVTut^j^fr^^^^^^^^^ ^oam soil, on a 
 
 no wood.-^. F. Cotton, 1882 ^"^ ''^^'^'^' ^^d there is 
 
 ^rr^f^rllli-'^t^^^^^ or level prairie, with 
 
 quality of loam, friable and not t?; hp^J'*"'^^'' ^' ^^^^g « good 
 
 north-westerly across Section ^6 No wo^k ^r'T^- ^^^ A^ws 
 
 Sub-division.— Ib first plfts« /Ja,- • i ~7 ' ^^^f^^dms, 1882. 
 
 soil and a heavy clay subsoil A Hth^ ^"^' ^'^\ ^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ 
 
 lu this township were at t^me nf i *^^:e'i-numbered sections 
 
 who had erected board sha Ues on th''-'^' ^'^"" "P ^^7 squatters! 
 
 IS very little water tVhT^^ Z^LT'^'t''' '^'^'^^- ^W 
 
 kmd-J. J. Francis, 1882. ' ^""^ '''* ^^^ ^^ ^ood of any 
 
 a^gS;7o^r4';rrit': 21 TC^^:^^^^ l^-gnificen, bemg 
 class. It is draiied by Wascana CrLt ^^Z\''^^ ""^^^^ '^^^^ «"* 
 links wide, 4J feet deep, a^dTas a cS^^^^^^ ^' ' ^^^^^ ^"^ 15 
 about 40 chains per hour ; water ^ood Th''' r"p f. '* ^^" ^^*^ ^f 
 this township.^^, /. /Ja/il iJh2 ^^^ ^'P-^^- ^^ located in 
 
 throuth1;^Ts\rn^:tnS The water 
 
 a very fine farming toWnship wood fnt ?^ f^^* class, makes this 
 imity. The land is roll m?;„7;^J°J,f"«^ ^^^»^, i" close prox- 
 %%, 1881. ^ ^^ "ot cut up by sloughs.— C?. U, 
 
 a fevfmSS^^rof Is Xv t d^'"M" "« ^^^^ -^ only 
 
 water only long enough to oVni ^ ^^''',!°^ *^"^ summer, retaining 
 
 ao form part o*' ° ? ^^ ^ood hay. Sections 1« iq "S 
 
 13#* ^"'' '^ ^"^ ^"^^ ^^t« of liegina.- Wascana'dreekr^: 
 
196 lownnhipt West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XIX. 
 
 throujj^h the south part, furnishing a supply of frosh water 
 throujfhout the summor Thoro is also a small crook omptyiuff 
 into th« fonaor iu Section 9 ; this lontains running water untu 
 about the middle of August, when it dries up, except a few deep 
 holes. tSoil, a heavy clay loam, 86 to 46 inches deep, with a clay 
 subsoil; lirst cla8s.— T. 5. Oore, 1882. 
 
 18, Outlines. — The north is undulating prairie, with a first class soil. 
 No wood or water. — O. C. Rainboth, 18H2 
 
 Along the west and east the country in magnificent, being a 
 geutly-roliing prairie, and the soil of heavy, rich day, rated filrst 
 class It is drained by Boggy Creek, which is 20 links wide and 
 2 feet deep ; water good. — E. J. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Open prairie, part level and part undulating. 
 Boggy Creek traverses it, and it contains clear water of a remark- 
 ably good quality. Wood for fuel can be obtained at a distance of 
 ten miles Soil, clay, from 10 to 14 inches deep, with clay subsoil ; 
 second class.— il. Humel, 1882. 
 
 19, Outlines — Surveyed the boundaries. The north-east quarter has 
 poplar bluffs and occasional marshes. Soil, sandy loam ; class 2. 
 The remainder of the lin .s is open, undulating prairie. Soil, clay 
 and sandy loam , classes 1 an 1 2. A cart trail crosses the town- 
 ship, leaving by Section 12 for Qu'Appelle. Good fanning land. 
 —G. C. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Generally rolling, but more level in the south, 
 part than elsewhere. Good water can be had by sinking from 
 30 to 60 feet. Soil, particularly good in the south, and generally 
 clay, from 6 to 7 inches deep, with clay or sandy subsoil, a little 
 stony in places ; first class. — J. W. D' Amours, 1882. 
 
 20, Outlines — The north is rolling prairie, consisting of a rich loam 
 on a clay subsoil, and having numbers of poplar bluffs and many 
 ponds of water — W. T. ThompsoM, 1881. 
 
 The eastern half of this township consists of rolling and un- 
 dulating prairie thickly dotted over by numerous bluffs of small 
 poplar, with a few small marshes The south-western part ia 
 opeu, undulating prairie. There is a belt of wood about half a 
 mile wide, situated between Sections 80 and 31. In the north of 
 the latter are a couple of marshes and another on the north half 
 of 19. The soil is a clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. East — rolling 
 prairie and bush of small poplars and willows in clumps about 
 equally divided between prairie and bluffs. Numerous small 
 marshes were crossed. Soil, from 10 to 12 inches deep, on a sand, 
 clay and loam subsoils ; classes 1 and 2. A cart trail crosses the 
 south-east half of Section 24. Good farming land. — G. C, 
 Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, partly covered with islands of 
 bush, aspeu and poplar, generally of small size, wood more than 
 three inches in diameter being very scarce. The surface is rather 
 gravelly, sandy and stony. Soil, second class. — /. W. D^ Amours, 
 1882. 
 
 ■'I 
 
IRfi 
 
 m. 
 
 23. 
 
 Tinonships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Rang$ XIX. 391 
 
 OM//»nea.— Surveyed all the boundaries. Along the north the 
 surface is rolling prairie, with several small marsh.'s and a lew 
 bluHs of poplar in Section 32. The north hank of the Qu'Apnello 
 V :lley reaches into Sections 84, 35 and 30. Class 2 throughout 
 On the west. Sections 7 and 10 are i)rokon by ravines and hilli 
 Iho Qu Ai)pello River crosses Section 18 ; in the valley of this 
 river are some good meadow lands and some timber. A largo 
 ravine crosses Section 31. The land in Sections 1, 12 and 13 is 
 all class 1, and in the remaining sections it is class 2. In tho 
 east there are some largo blulf's of poplar. Sections 18 and 24aro 
 greatly broken by large hills and ravines, a small creek coursinir 
 one of the ravines In Section 24 a shallow lake submerges aa 
 entire quarter section and in this vicinity there are some grove* 
 of small maple. The north-easterly two-thirds of the line ia 
 Section 25 is submerged by a lake. The Qu'Appelle River crosses 
 Section 25, and in Section 86 the banks of the valley rise to a 
 height of 850 feet. The ratings, for agricultural purposes alon^ 
 this portion of the township, are classes 1 , 2 and 8.— if. Carre^ 
 
 Sub-division.— VtaAxiQ, the land being, for the most part, light 
 and very stony und gravelly, and also much broken by ravines 
 and gulhes, as well as by the valley of the Qu'Appelle, which, 
 crosses in an easterly direction. The surface, south of the valley 
 IS nearly level, though towards tho southern boundary it com- 
 mences to undulate ; the part near the valley is open prairie, but 
 towards the south of the township there are numerous poplar 
 bluffs. The river, which is here very crooked, runs in a valley 
 varying from one to cwo miles in width, and from one hundred 
 and fifty to two hundred feet in depth. The descent to the valley 
 on either side is much broken by ravines and gullies filled with 
 poplar, birch and cherry. The river is flanked by large, dee» 
 marshes, portions of which appear to be partially dried up in tha 
 autumn, though doubtless completely inundated in the spring. 
 The stream is from sixty to seventy links wide, and from three to 
 four feet deep, having, in most places, a soft, muddy bottom. It 
 has a current of about two miles an hour, and the water is of 
 excellent quality for drinking purposes. Soil, from three to tea 
 inches deep, with clay, sand or gravel for subsoil : chiefly second 
 class.— .E. Bazett, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — All the boundaries were surveyed over rolling prairie. 
 On the north there are several small marshes and there is a small 
 bluff of wood in Sec^tion 31. Class 2 throughout. The west is 
 similar to the north, and also class 2. The east is all rolling 
 prairie ; the northern half has small scattered marshes, tha 
 southern is drier ; the whole is class 1.—H. Garre, 1881 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling and broken prairie, having sloughs 
 and ponds throughout, and in many places very numerous. There 
 are no running streams, but the water in many of the sloughs is 
 pretty good. There is very little timber fit for fuel. A cart trail 
 to Qu'Appelle passes through the township. Soil, three to four- 
 teen inches deep, with sandy clay or gravel for subsoil : frenerally 
 second class.— jS. Bazett. 1882. 
 13J** 
 
 1 
 
" .#^: 
 
 198 Toufnships West of Gecond Initial Meridian. — Range XIX 
 
 Sf8. Outlines. — Surveyed all the boundaries over roll in j? prairie, witlc 
 occasional .small slough,'; and marshes. A cart trail reaches froitt 
 the north-WLit half of Section 33 to 18. On the west several' 
 bluffs of timber were noticed. On the east there are a few scatter- 
 ing marshes, and the township rates class J throughout. — H. Carre,, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Open, rolling prairie, with the exception of thef 
 western half of Sections 6 and 7, which are covered with bluffs of 
 poplar. Numerous sloughs and water holes occur. The trail to^ 
 Touchwood Mission crosses the township in a north-easterly- 
 direction. Sell, fairly good, but so intermixed with stone and' 
 gravel that, for agricultural purposes, it can only be rated second' 
 class.— jK. Bazetl, 1882. 
 
 584. Outlines — North — generally good, rolling land, with swamps im 
 a few places and occasional bluffs of small poplar — E. Bray, 1881.-. 
 The west and east consist of rolling prairie, except in Sectiom 
 25, which is diagonally crossed by Long Creek and its valley. 
 Class 2 throughout.— H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Generally rolling prairie, but towards the west- 
 ern boundary are some fine stretches of open, level prairie, and it. 
 is here that the best of the land is to be found. The sloughs axe^, 
 for the most part, small and not very numerous. There is almost 
 a total absence of the stone and gravel which occurs to a consider- 
 able extent in +,he contiguous townships. A little timber exists im 
 the northern portion, but it is too small for anything but fuel. A 
 cart trail to Touchwood Mission traverses the township in a north- 
 easterly direction. Soil from 5 to 12 inches deep, with a clayey., 
 sandy or gravelly'subsoil ; chiefly first class. — E. Bazett, 1882. 
 
 211. Outlines — A.11 the boundaries consist of open rollinsr prairie, with- 
 Bome few islands of second-growth poplar and willows in the 
 scmth-west and north-east corners. Soil, sandy loam and gravel., 
 ■with generally clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. Long Valley Creek: 
 and tributaries run through this township — C. F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division, — The north-east quarter of this township, and' 
 part of the south-east quarter, are high, rolling prairie. Sections 
 7, 8, 0, o, 6, 4 and 3 are, in general, level prairie and excellent 
 soil. The remaining portion of the township is knolly and broken 
 with ponds and K'oughs. A high ridge of hills, stony and: 
 gravelly on their summits, traverses Sections 34, 27, 22, 15 and 10, 
 bordering on tlie chain of lakes shown in map. A branch of 
 Long Valley Creek traverses t^octions 25, 24, 14, 11, 2 and I, or 
 either side of which the banks are generally steep, ranging troiiiL 
 twenty-eight to seventy-five feet in height ; its vall.-y i« from ten. 
 to forty feet wide, and contains rich, alJuvial soil, fhe wat(^r is 
 invariably good, both in the creek and lakes. In the two most 
 southerly tiers of sections, and also in Sections 24, 18, IT, 18 and 
 19, there are some blufis of popl.-'v, both green and dry, suitable 
 for fuel and feacing. Soil, from four inrhes to twelve inches 
 deep, Yviih c^ay subcoii j iirsL CiSss. — «/. Jx. imovv, loo^a. 
 
 4. 
 
 ■ ''■J 
 I 
 
 ■ ■•- Y^^w^tev^i**Biif>^. 
 
ite 
 
 i' \ 
 
 1^ 
 
 t 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian —Ran^e XII. 19^ 
 
 " Flnr^T^^'l^ *""! west-open, rolling prairie, with a few 
 
 ' cornpr« ^17'" T^^ ""'^^"^^ ^^ ^^' north-east and south-east 
 corners Soil, sandy loam ; classes 1 and 2. On the east th« 
 
 lIJyT ^r \'^"y ^^t^°^^' «^"^«^« 1 ^»d 2 A branch o? 
 Long Valley Creek runs through (his township.-C. F. Milel 
 
 Sub-division— The south half is high, rolling prairie excent 
 some portions, which are broken and so^^ occasLTlarge are^ 
 oflevel prairie The west half is lower land, slightly rolling. 
 WPV.S K '^'* T^!^-' ^^^ P^I* ^^ *^« south-east quarter aS 
 tf^ITf ^ ''''^' ^y.'"^ generally in deep ravines, which, at the 
 IZL 'Tu7' ''''"' ^"y- . ^^^'^ ^^« f«w P'^^ds and marshes, and 
 
 r^sL^.f ^^^ir'^lf^o^ ^^^ """'^^^ ^f «^^il cheeks mentioned. 
 In feections 29 and 20 there is a small lake, principally marshy 
 into which sorne of these creeks empty. There is no wood exce Jt 
 m the eastern tier of sections, on which there are bluffs of small 
 pop ar and willow, adapted for fencing. Soil, four inches to 
 twelve inches deep, with clay or gravel subsoil ; second class. 
 Some small tracts are rather gravelly on the surface.-J. A. Snow, 
 
 «7. Outlines—The greater part of all the boundaries consists of open- 
 rolling prairie Soil, sandy loam, with a few boulder s in places . 
 olay subsoil. Classes 1 and 2.—C. F. Miles, 1882. ' 
 
 «trin rKnff'""''''''-r ^H' *°T^^'P. ^itli the exception of a 
 strip about a mile and a half wide, on the east side, is open, 
 rolling prairie rather high and dry, there being very few slough 
 of any size. A gully, about 50 feet deep, with a dry creek at?he 
 bottom ot It, runs ma southern direction through the township 
 The soil IS mixed clay, clay loam, sandy loanT and gravel and 
 would rank as class 2 for agricultural purposes. The timber coS 
 
 Te AZn im ^""^ ""'"'"'^ ^^"^'' ^^^^ '""'^^^ ^'^' ^''^^i-— 
 
 28. Outlines.-The north is dry, rolling, undulating prairie, with blu& 
 of low poplar and willow scrub, and a foAv .mall gmss marshe. 
 and ponds Soil, clay loam; class 2. Several creeks.- IT. ? 
 Thompson, 1881. 
 
 The greater part of the west and south consists of open, 
 rolling prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with a lew boulders in places^ 
 clay subsoil. Classes I and 2.—C. F. Mile<;, 18 -> 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, with numerous blou-hs and bluflb 
 of popkr, and a rich sandy loam soil, l>ut, in places, gravelly, par- 
 ticularly on the ridges Owing to the wetnos. ol the locality, it 
 
 n/^^^''^^ .^^"^ f"^ immediate settlement. Classes 2 and 3 ~A W. 
 McVittie, 1882. 
 
 Sub-diyision.-The west half of this township is an open, 
 rolling prairie, broken with small gullies, and interspersed with 
 numerous small sloughs ; but the east half is covered with 
 numerous bluffs of poplar and willow. The bluffs at the south- 
 east corner and those in the northern part of the lowri,.^ip, are 
 small, hardly more than brush, while those in the central and. 
 
1 
 
 1 , 
 
 I i 
 
 aOO Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ranffe XIX. 
 
 southerly portion are of some size, though not hirge, the timber 
 being from 2 to 5 inches in diameter. The soil, in the open 
 ?^ . ■ /^e ^township, 18 rather sandy, with some gravel, while 
 that m the blufls is more of a loam, and might be rated, for affri- 
 Tii:^?: P.'^^POs^^S' as classes 2 and 3. A branch of the Prince 
 Albert trail passes through the north-east corner.— C. E. Fitton, 
 
 2». 0«m-w«s.— West-high-rolling and dry prairie. Numerous small 
 marshes were crossed. Soil, from 4 to 6 inches deep, on a sand 
 subsoil ; class 2. An old cart trail crosses Section 7. East- 
 rolling prairie, with young poplar bluffs ; from 1 to 3 feet of water 
 was found in every bluff. Soil, from 3 to 6 inches deep, on sand 
 and clay subsoils ; classes 1 and 2.— A. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Svb-diyision.—The western half of this township is high, dry, 
 rolling prairie, and the eastern half is rolling prai^-ie, interspersed 
 With poplar and wixlow scrub and blufls of small poplar only suit- 
 able lor fuel. There are some ponds and sloughs containing good 
 water in the south-eastern quarter, but the rest of it is dnr, and 
 drained by ravines running west. The soil is a sandy and gravelly 
 loam, very stony in places, with clay subsoil. For farming, this 
 township may be considered class 3.— T. S. Gore, 1884. 
 
 »0. Outtines.-The west is rolling prairie. A few small marshes 
 were crossed. Small creeks in Sections G and 19. Section 81 is 
 partly submerged by a lake in the south-east; it extends If miles 
 west. The north half is broken by hills and a large marsh ; the 
 lormer extends IJ miles west, and the latter U miles west. Sub- 
 soil, sand and clay ; classes 2 and 3. The east is rolling prairie, 
 with young poplar bluffs ; water was found in erety bluff A 
 small creek, m a valley 25 feet deep, crosses Section 1 ; it is 6 inches 
 deep, slow current, and good water. A small creek, 4 feet wide, 
 12 inches deep swift current, good water, and a cart trail, from 
 louchwood Hills to Prince Albert, cross Section 25. The cart trail 
 and telegraph line to Prince Albert cross Section S^. Soil, from 6 
 
 V^ n. ^"^?o^ ^^®P °^ ^ ®^^"<i and clay subsoil ; class 2.— A. G. 
 I a/bat, 1883. 
 
 Sub-division.~M[ open prairie, with the exception of little 
 clumps of second-growth poplar and willow scattered through the 
 eastern quarter of it. 1 he soil is principally a sandy and gravelly 
 loans with clay subsoil. There are a good many alkaline flats in 
 the. western portion ol the township. The country is generally 
 dry and rolling, wifh very few sloughs, it being drained by 
 ravines running m a westerly direction. For agricultural pur- 
 poses this township may be classed 3.— T. S. Gore, 1884. 
 31. Outlines.— ThQ west is rolling and level, open prairie. Numerous 
 marshes Alluvial soil, r> inches deep, on sand and clay subsoils ; 
 classes 1 to 4 Trail and telegraph line to Prince Albert cross 
 foection 19. The north quarter of this section is an alkaline plain. 
 Large marshes, with 1 wo feet of water, are situated in the north- 
 west of Section IS, and the south-east of Section G. The east is 
 level and rollnis-, onen. drv 
 
 ■6) open, dry prairie, with a few small marsl 
 
 les. 
 
TbwmKips ma (^Second Initiai Meridian.— Hang, XIX 201 
 
 numerous These lakes are nu^^^^^^^^ sloughs of large size afe 
 in HPT^fK o«y ^^"® shallow, none exceeding 5 feet 
 
 where it ^Sd?al^ !?„";' fnti^l r&ejr Thi *^ '7"^^'^' 
 brush here and there On Tnntf nf+v,i i !• ^ ^ ' ''."^ willov^r 
 
 mmmmm 
 
 ofl^tonfl whiT'"?,!''™'"^'^*^''''' ''^'♦^'""e north-east eoS 
 
 PW S^llTd «fvef' 1-1"^'^' ^'^^ ™^^'' -"^^ "« 
 fcel.-^. o. wZerlSsF"^- """ '' ''" wood suitable for . 
 
 *'-^nt:;i^}'„^ffr„fwit^^!^t'"nTr '"""• -'" --y 
 
 , ^^^^£^^^^ =.n£e/i- 
 
 day subsoil; elasses 1 ?:rf C. wi'^,' {"hV" '""• "" * 
 portion of the towLhip, and a ij^'alla^l V^d m' h7s™lS^ 
 
 ^'^St;!;:;;^o''LTflr""',"8'';"™-""h ■> g«-' n,a„yblufls: 
 Je?,- ' -,? "'■'8 lonni in the bluHs, Soil, from .1 to « 
 
 ,viri°r ■'': " " ^^''S' ^''l ""•'""■l ; "lasses 1 and i The east 
 « level pra,r.e,w.th small willow bluffs; water was fiund t 
 
202 lowftskips West of Second Initial Meridian— Rangt XIX. 
 
 every bluff and several small marshes. Soil, from 2 to 6 inches 
 deep, on a baud and clay subsoil. Class 2 throuuhout. Hijr OuUl 
 Lake enters the township on Sections 1 and lA.—A. O.lalbot 
 
 Suh-division.-ThiB township is rolling and uneven in the 
 rfft''' ^f°'*'°Ki «*^""y-'i'"l«lating in the north-eastern and 
 centre parts, while in the south it may be regarded as level On. 
 Sections 17 18. 19. 20, 29, 80, 81 and 82 may be foSnd Ilternate 
 prairie with poplar and willow bluffs, The timber in these bluffs 
 18 small, and does not exceed six inches in diameter. There is a 
 large poplar bluff on Section 27, in which the timber will quite 
 average 8 inches. In the balance of the township, scattered 
 bunches of willow brush are numerous, becoming thicker and of 
 greater extent as the north boundary is approached. Fresh watar 
 18 very plentiful, especially in the northern portion of the to?m- 
 ship, and may be found in sloughs and ponds, several of the latter 
 3^ f^"" ^'^^' P-^ ^''t^'^ township is covered by a luxuriant 
 ?.l?,!^, u F^''' ^""^ '' .admirably adapted for stock-raising or 
 agricultural purposes, as it affords good Je.d. shelter and wate? in 
 aBundance^ The soil consists of a rich black loam, with chiefl^ 
 brown sandy-clay subsoil.— 4. O. Whetler, 1884. 
 
 Ouflines—Smveyed the east and west boundaries of this town- 
 ship. So far as noticeable, the surface eastwards is level, and the 
 soil a clay loam on a day subsoil ; class I. Small bluffs of wiUo^ 
 were Irequent, with water in every bluff. On the west the 
 praine is uudulatmg, with poplar and willow in the south one- 
 third, and low and wet land in the north two-thirds. In places 
 there IS clay loam, but elsewhere there is much sand and tPraveL 
 and the rating is not over 2 —A. C. Talbot, 1883 
 
 S/'ft-(/n'mo«.— Surveyed the boundaries and sub-divided this 
 fKT^ttr'^'- ^^"«,/« *>^'aV growth of grey willow, and amongst 
 this there are scattered poplars. There are open patches of prairie, 
 and as the surface is very little broken by wet land, and the soil 
 IS a good loam and free from alkali, it is admirably adapted for 
 settlement. Most of th. small crooks rise in the hills, and contain 
 pure water. There is sufficient fine, healthy poplar, large enough. 
 lor ionce rails on nearly every quarter-section. Ha? marshea 
 abouud along the north boundary, and from there northwards. 
 Thore IS a large amount of timber suitable for buildini? in the 
 adjoining township to the south.— ^. C. Caddy, 1884. 
 
 84 
 
TowNsmrs west of second imtial meridian. 
 
 «. 
 
 7. 
 
 «. 
 
 Kange XX. 
 
 Outlines.— The west is rolling prairie. A few stoues and cactiut. 
 were found scattered about. Soil, clay loam and clay subsoil ; 
 classes 1 and 2. Some marshes were crossed. A small credk 
 flows through a valley in Section 6. Good agricultural land, well 
 adapted for wheat cultivation.— J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 The east is hilly prairie, the hills averaging from 40 to 90 
 feet in height. Several swamps and ponds. A large alkaline 
 lake IS situated in Sections 1, 12 and 13. This part is unfit for 
 farming purposes —A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — The west is rolling prairie. Several marshes went 
 crossed, and a few stones and cactus were found scattt^red aboat 
 Soil, clay loam and clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. Good farming; 
 land, well adapted for wheat growing.—/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling prairie Creeks cross Sections 12, 18, 24 
 and 26. Two cart trails cross the south-east half of ^Section. 3&. 
 Soil is clay loam, with a light to heavy clay subsoil ; classea 2 
 and 8. P\iir farming land.— il. O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 OM</t«es.— West— hilly prairie. The hills are generally from 30 
 to 150 feet above the valleys, which are scattered with marshea 
 and ponds.— O. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling to very hilly land. Small marshes and 
 ponds are numerous. A large pond f.ccupies many acres in the 
 south of Section 36. A dry coulee crosses Section 25. This part 
 IS too hilly and broken tor farming purposes, it would make better 
 grazing land.— il. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 OM^/?«es.— North— dry, undulating and level prairie. Several 
 dry, grassy valleys which contain cre.'ks in early spring. Soil, 
 only medium. Going west in this township the surface becoraea 
 more undulating towards the Dirt Hills. West— hilly praide. 
 The soil is <^oorl and the depressions fairly supplied with water. 
 — O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 The oast is rolling prairie land Several marshes were^ 
 crossed, some of them containing water. Soil, sandy and clay 
 loams, with clay and sand subsoils ; classes 2 and 3 A cart trail 
 Irom Qu'Appelle to Wood Mountain crosses Section 24. Fair 
 farming laud.— ^. O Wheeler, 1»8:^. 
 
 Outlints. — The north and east are g.^nerally level, with some 
 undnl'oting and rolling prairie, and may be ranked as class 1. 
 The ..,..' is a heavy clay loam, well adapted for the growth oT 
 wheat and for farming purposes, and well watered by hay- 
 marshes and creeks, i'his township slopi\s towards a small lake 
 111 the centre, out of which a small creek flows ; a few wooded 
 ijulhes open out off the Missouri Coteau.— P. R A. Beianger, 1882L 
 The west is hilly prairie ; the soil becomep. better than fi 
 
 tut 
 
£.aij«,..*u|s^ui^»««k.4» 
 
 S«4 
 
 1bv,nships West of Second Initial Meridian. ^Range XX. 
 
 JI4lt 
 
 "j:f 
 
 JTfote, 1881 '" " ^ '""' ^""^ "' ">« 00UK08.-O. J. 
 
 Mquonce of this, Sections 6 and 6 are too much Kn t h""', 
 
 :^L;t^nrYrsri?sr °^ ^'-^^"etn^^-i 
 
 several ponds m the depressions. O. J. Klotz 1881 
 Sub-division.~ls verv roiirrh a^^ kC^v v ^ • 
 
 a^h"ai? i:i^^r ti^^^ °"^^^^^^^^ 
 Se~¥^^^^^^^^ 
 
 j^.i«: «wt.r--- "t ;ini.tffl! 
 
 ■•'ay loa»^''we?ad^t^d'T„';h::t"t^\,t ^?" „''»"'%^ Seavy 
 crossed on Serf imi q/> cwi ^^^^^ gi owing. Iwo creeks were 
 ^., 33, 24 and ?3 iCtrV '"'^ "/ *^' following sections, 
 J'. ^ Ark^anger 1882 '' ^'^' north-westerly. No wood.- 
 
 southern IfmitKoHon 1 q ' ti'^ i^'^^^- ''^^^^''^^ ^^"^^- Near the 
 ing sou h oast and ^WK V ^^.''i"''' is crossed by a creek flow- 
 and hrnlo K • ^°"^^ °^ ^^ *^« surface is mostly very hillv 
 
 Tenet cwVo'I^^^^^^^ ^f^ ^^T ^^^^^'^'^^^ som/g;:7eS 
 I'^lw .'-The'- grerteTna' t~ot th ^^^^^11881.^ 
 
 ihistovvnshipisVeryroSand unfif fn, T*^''" ^'^'^^^^^ «^ 
 of deep raviTiP« +>,:;; J ^j^.."*^ ^°^ cultivation on account 
 
 With bouMerr T^M"^"' ^fu^ bottoms of which are thickly strewn 
 
 plaix, ia?her low bnl ""'k^? P"'^*^^ ^^^^ '' ^^ '^^^^^tiful le^e^ 
 
 Wn c av iT'iM'^'^^^'u ^ f "'y ^'^"^^^^- The soil is a fine 
 
 ^. -6. Brabazon, 18b2. ^ ^'*^" ^^^'^ '^ "° wood.— 
 
 u 
 
I 
 townships West of Second IpttiaU Meridian.— Rmge XX. 206 
 
 12. Outlines.-'SoYth and west-rolling or undulating prairie Soil 
 heavy clay oam ; class 1. Excdlent wheat Ld Near the 
 
 nor £'wp^r'ir°^^''*i°^^ «' '^' ^^«* li"« <^^°««^'« a creek flow n^ 
 north-west. No wood.— ^ 0. Webb, 1881 nowmg 
 
 East and south-.level and undulating prairie. Soil heaver 
 itl T'V- i^^'' ^- I^''^ ^^««ks arc cros"sed by the south Hn J 
 two ol which are on Section 2 and one on 4. Moose Jaw Crepfc 
 
 ZnZ'tf ^^T "^^^^^y °^^ Section 12, flo^^'g norTh w/sf 
 Along tho northern half of the east boundary there are a num W 
 of hay marshes. No wood. The soil is well suited forTh^at 
 growing and farming purposes.-P. R. a. ^Z^r 1882 
 
 • first cLf''%TTi^\ undulating prairie, nearly 'level,' ranked 
 first class. Excellent wheat and farming land. Watered bv 
 Moose Jaw Creek. Some few small hay marshes A few mtchp« 
 of shrubbery, suitable only for fuel, are to be met with In a The 
 banks of the creek. Water in creek is fresh and go^l-EFlf^d, 
 
 18. Outlines -North and east-gently-rolling prairie with a few 
 
 aTstif' TheTaXf'il '"\.^ 4^. ^^^y^^-' ^ ^^^'^^ ^^Y 
 BUbsoil. ihe land falls south, and drains into Moose Jaw Creek 
 
 Jhir, An oTf t'^f * '^ ^^^'!l" ^" '^' «°^*^«^" P-^^ of thrs town- 
 
 wefl adapted fo/'Arri ^""'^ agricultural land, 
 
 wen adapted lor -wheat cultivation —il. F. Cotton, 1882 
 
 1..r^ i^''?i''''^*V?''^''^^*i^S P^ai^e. Soil, heavy clay verr 
 hard, and well suited for wheat growing. A few swamproS 
 along the west line. No wood.-!l. C. Webb, 188^ ^ 
 
 S«6.«;im«ow._Isrollingand undulating prairie. Soil o-ener- 
 ally a clay loam. Good wheat land. Waiter can be procureJTn 
 some of the marshes. i\o wood of any kind.-^. Fafardlls2 
 
 **' cw'tai7.^suwT^ east-gently rolling prairie. Alluvial soil. 
 Clay loam , subsoil, white clay ; class 1. There is very little sur^ 
 
 of thTs t'owni """ """'i- 1 ^ ""''' ''"^^ ^^^««^^ th^ southlat corner 
 ot this township. A large marsh was crossed in Section 13 
 
 • Cotton ml^ '"^' ""'^^ '^"^^^^'^ ^^^ ^^^«^t cultivation-^. 1: 
 
 wl,.o^V T'^ A' "^^^^lating prairie, with a hard clay soil. Good 
 wheat laud. Occasional swamps.-.!. C. Webb 1881 
 
 mar^h^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Some large 
 
 mar.nes. are to be met with in the interior, but the soil.generallv 
 IS of first class quality, and well suited for agriculture. ''No wood 
 of any kind.— F. £. Brunelle, 1882. 
 
 15. 0«^/mes.-North-slightly undulating prairie ; soil class 1 
 
 ' iha ^' S;^"^^^'?^""^^ P^-'^i^e. The only marsh of any size is in 
 «ie south-east corner of township, fsoil. a clay loam ; subsoif 
 
 chfonl7s2. '^'''''' ""'' ""''^ ^"^ ^'^'^ ^"^ good.-^. F: 
 
 West — undulating and very hummocky prairie. A"^ few 
 
 medium sized marshes wore crossed. Soil, a heavy clay ; dassT 
 
 f' 
 
aw 7W„*,>, ty'sl „f Sec-ondlmm Jireridian.-Jtang.TS. 
 
 we™ .. „.h. "b.;'t no w:te/SL^_|.™r j^w^^g ^f " 
 
 "*■ bultme-l'L'reem'.'; T"""' "/"P"-' quality of around^ 
 no wood -TZ'/ZTJm''""""^ '"' '"«* """""*=■ ^l'"™ ■■» 
 clay rcIaL^rtSoil'ihLr " .? ''y. h^nmocky prairie. Soil, heayy 
 
 whitfda7fdlT''fe??ti^it ''"' '"Tr » ^i-^i' "^ 
 
 —A. F. Cation, 1882 " "^'''=" ^"'' ""^ '» "o wood. 
 
 cli». It is dra^.TbTwT,cat Sfi^'Ji!- T^ t^^ ■"""» «"* 
 linlts wide, 4J feet dein »n/h ' '""'' '= ^ '='«>"' ""d 15 
 
 about 40 cha iJ per horV wat^r " ''T°;,.™ri»S at the rate of 
 
 this to^nsiip. jj^'r^uzt^r^f- "*' ''■^■'^- '= '°"''«» ™ 
 
 clay ; oL"T "ICoata Crli"' ''"'"T'^? P't' "• S""' h-V7 
 north-west half „f1Sn 3 0„^hT ""? ''? '5''^ """^^ '» ««« 
 grain growing- »riwcrI8^° ^™'"^ '"""*' ■""" """«* ^' 
 
 pondft;"marX7a;:d''thi*'"f'''"5''™'™- T''"^ "- but few- 
 leaving goodTayX'dowr ^alat' CrLkl"! '^' '""""I?' 
 east to north-west. It <-ont.,iL tt^ v. f ^ """"^ ^""^ =»»*'»- 
 middle of sn.nmer aver»™» Ih , ^t*- -"^ water, and in tie 
 of three or fo\"r™4t Thft!, ""•* ™? S""" ^'•'''' ■»""> a depth 
 13. 2i and 23 m' a W^^ " ' "^ ^ll"'"" '''<^''«''-'» Sections 
 
 heaJoTayT^!;iS?„s'fa„rft"Sss'nr'^ PT™-, «»"• 
 AnoldcarttrailcrossesSorfinnr A .r •, ^^^^i^^er class 2. 
 
 Section 18. GooTan^ic^utS W T*i ''^^ to Qa' Appelle crosses 
 
 ing.-.fr. Fearce, 1881 ^' "^'^^ ^^^P*^''^ ^°^ Srain grow- 
 
 prairS'and S tlTtTvv "^^f '"*' ^^ 5 ^ gently-rolling 
 drained by Boc^o-y Greek whi^k on r'^' ''^'1 ^^''^^ ^^''^««- I* » 
 water goo'd.-S!r.Xt' J^^882.^ '"'^ "''^ ^"^ ^ ^««^ ^^^^ 
 
 18 
 
Tbu^nship, West of Second Initial Meridian. -Ran^e XX. 20t 
 
 ■ the ntfl^'^^raVw iSr* ^^ 'r'n^^^^t undulating. I^ 
 hills slopeCffentlv tha ?KL ^^^^^'"i^y ^PSSY Creek, but th^ 
 in the creek is eoo J wVn^^ ^T \" ^^^erioration. The water 
 
 the town^h/p^rnlain^lr^s'or't'Jot^^^ 
 
 Bandy clay or sandy W subsoi^rVust^dallit^lS^.'^^i-^Vt 
 
 "**• S^fcI';Tfam''cirfl %' ^"*r'^\^^ '^"^ undulating prairie, 
 this townshJS ' in I tu ^^l ^I'^t^ "''^^^^^^ the south part of 
 Poplar rndsm^b^n some '^f f^' ^-^ *'«-* below the prairie 
 the poplars are fit ZZm^^^^^^^^ »<>-« ot 
 
 IB only fit for luel The ravines in thp;.l ^'^^ '' ^'^''^^^'^ 
 
 with poplar and scrub Th « ,. n ■ ^.^^ ^''^ P^^^^^ wooded 
 the creek beiZ 80 ?inkswl7 7k '' ^^"* ^<^ ^b^"'« a«'08«. 
 deep, an<l aclay botto f Tir^out^] n ' '^"^^/u^^ ^""^"*' ^ ^^e* 
 t^ of countr/in this^aiS^^^^i-fi^El^^^^ 
 
 ^^^^West-level prairie, and excellent soil.-PT. T. Thompson, 
 
 east to north'^eV loil ""torn 4T9 i'^'^ ^'T^^^^ ^'T «^^^- 
 ^udy W sub.oil ; ,..^ ^r^l^' ^'^Z^:!^^ 
 
 ea.t 01 this township^else here l^e^°(?i-A ^^",f%;^,^i«^ 8™^ 
 Sections o3. 34 aud V^ tI?^, ^" Appelle Valley crosseR 
 
 Wide, and 4 to 6 feet' dJen Th!f /' i''^ ^'^T-^^'^^' '-^^^^^'^ «« ^^e* 
 vallo; is voiT stonv W. ! ^^""^ immediately south of the- 
 
 SectiLsSoSsi kuth^ftl^'Sw'- ""?"l«ting prairie on 
 by the valley of he Q^'Apnolt 'iJivi '' ^^ T^ i^ ^'^ ^'^^en 
 creek and v Jiloy. The bank of P«oh " '"1 ^^'^ ^^ ^^ tributary 
 
 sandftrV"lv7Cs'r^f "^^ r^ ^^^'^^^ I"--- Clay and 
 
 some of the raviUBB aiv (it l^r h,,^ r i . i^* ^'"' POp'ars in 
 fit tor fuel oni; Ic'c". 'I1°L';5"'A"?' " **"' """'**' P""'"" « 
 
 There ie Lm? i21 „J " ' "'.h'"'" ^™"'-.w«»' "> norfh-eal 
 alona the rfonpLf thrhn . 1^' '^?""'' '''""■^' «»•' and elm, 
 tii» nonl, Jdri .he tvi"'' '['■''v''''.*''* *"P» »<■ tie banks upon 
 wood of as tilaJ c We? mJ''?„p'?, "=<>"■ >>or<l«ed by belts of 
 
«1. 
 
 K' ■'{ 
 
 23 
 
 S08 Toi/;«,A,>5 West qf Second Initial Meridian^ Range XX 
 
 iiiiuui,noiu. Un tho east, tho north qiiarter of Section lOnnrl 
 Thn n'' A t^^fr^l'"'*^'^^ °^ '^^ ^"'« brokeii by ravines aid l^nf 
 Tho Qu'Appelle Kiver crosses the north half of sicUon 13 i^^* 
 
 T X"aTo'nri/s^ bankr^Tl '' ^'^^ "^^^^ ^^^ ^^°? meadoVL^^ 
 toTmifK i".! ? ^^ ^ ^^^S« ravine crosses from north-west 
 
 8 is dtrf in r^^ ^'''^°" '^ ^o^*^ ^'^"^^ ^" Sections 1 ^2^^ 
 10 IS class 1, m the remaining, class 2.~H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 and a fewTonV/ "tk '*^?^" '"'•''"u"', ^^^*'^ ^^^^ Wuffs of poplar 
 ana a tew ponds. The soil is a rich loam, on a clay subsoil Pnd 
 the^township lies m a good agricultural district.- W^TThomp^^ 
 
 Sub.divisien.—nomng country • in the north-west norHn« 
 
 wC S^tei^i^^ ^'"T °' ^^^^^^ r^ ^-- untrCshrr^ 
 s^ffident wood r' ""l^'^^^^^'^^ poplar bluffs, there being 
 Humuent wood to meet the requirements of settlers for fnAf 
 fencmg and building material/ Soil, generaLy first cw!l 
 Clementi and Hewson, 1881. 6'="«^«'iiy nrst class.— 
 
 **• £f ^T—'^w T*^ '^ '■^""'S P^^i"^' with small bluffs of tim- 
 
 lani Th'ii'';^- ''T' ^'"^^^^ ^^- C^««« 2. Good farmW 
 iand. The east is rolling prairie. A great ma^y small marsW 
 
 were crossed. Class 2 throughout.-if. Cam. 188^1. ^ 
 
 west— High, dry, rolling prairie, with bluffs of Donlar an J 
 
 w low, scrub and thick timber. Soil, gritty and sand vToa^ 
 
 Si ''^'''^' ^''°'^ agricultural land.- PT. T. TAo^n^Z 
 
 co« -^"^r^^^'^^fow;— Taken as a whole, this township must be calleil 
 second class for farming purposes. The soil is lighT and sa„d^ 
 and, m many places, stony and gravelly. Numerous slono-wl' 
 found throughout, in most cases fringedVithTdeTelrowth^o^^ 
 
 wll «ffn^r ^''l '?^.' ? '^"^^ "^«*^^«««' witl^ bluffs of popfar which 
 will afford a plentiful supply of fuel for some time to ?ome Th« 
 
 water m some of these sloughs is moderately good. Trt'enenS 
 surface of the country is rolling, with numerous bin (r« J ?f 
 
 n,dHmsf^^- \ Q^^;4p"ii-n7 w^^ 
 
 wood Hills trails pass through this township.-^. Bazet^ 18S2 
 
 «?dw''" N^^'''^^~°P^^' '°^^^"S P^^^i^i^' with bluffs of younir 
 Th^eeast fs\^"'. ^^''''' l'''^ '^ ^^'^ agricultural Tnd^ 
 timbpr A ^ol/mg prairie. Many small marshes, and bluffs of 
 
 A^H ^^^ u^^^ ^{ *^i^ township is nearly all ffood land thiokfir 
 dotted with poplar and willow bluffs.-fe. ^ra"ri881 ' ^ 
 
 p™ret''1^Sn;7S4"f.v^^^ 
 
 _ . o"«^» gr"\eiiyaau stony. Witix tiiu exceptioa 
 
th" wafer in which h Rener, I vli.I ;">n>'7""« «"'all sIoubIw. 
 M.»«o„ tn,il ,,a,..„™ through he l-h 1 ''"'"'■ ^:''" 1'<"">l>w''<»d 
 — £. Ba^ell. 1883. '" toothn-ast corner of the township^ 
 
 ■ -"?p»Tlt°.mp°/'\Ni"„,?:;3'''-''''>;,,,S<''''', rolling ,a„d. ^u. 
 
 Sub-division.— The Pu^fAm 1 ,p • '^^' ^^^^ 
 
 western half is dotted wXjSmofofnT"' '""["^ I^^«'"«J the 
 sloughs in nearly every «e.t on ^SnH "/r"f • ^^^ P^^^^'*^- sVnali 
 «and subsoil ; seiond ^las:^"!!;^. Leei ^m:''"^'' ^'^^^' ^^^ * 
 
 ' S^''Ka\7; W Td ' JrfvT P^l"^ with gravelly knoUa. 
 
 -«.f, 2. a he east W few Sa 1 oT''^ '^^^ ^^^'^^'^ ' «^^«e« 1 
 wi lows. Soil, sandy loam^, ^ j. ' f second-growth poplar and 
 so.l;^lasses 1 and 2^'r/&"I^^8/^^^ generally^c£y s^l^ 
 
 Moun'I:jTf;L7^^^^^^ ^hilly. With Last 
 
 open rolling priirie. witran WcelU^^^^^ the line passes over 
 
 of the most northerly SVZr"^ '°^.""^'' ^'^^^ t^« exception 
 are broken and knofly 'in ^1^'' ^1^? ''^^^^^^^^ « and 7. wS 
 prominent hills, varyif.g in het'htTorn'\?"r^ .'' '^'^^ «^« ««^« 
 
 arge boulders on their summis ThTJ^^'*'^ ^° 100 feet, witk 
 tions IS partly situate in X is r^ ^""f T'^^'^y ^^^^ of sec- 
 Mountain, and these are I^aversedT "n^ ^"^^^ ^ ^^^ Last 
 a few small marshes and ponds th^^f. ''^^"'^ '" ^^^^^ *^ere ara 
 summer and afford excell^n h ' On' s'7'' ^^'^^^ ^^^ ^^ *!»« 
 and 7, there are somt> «r»aii 7' , , Sections 1, 12 13 24 « 
 
 «i-e from 2 to 6^10^ Z^Tl ^^"'^^,*^•^ timber var;ing'ia 
 fonnH,-»fi, '"^„^?«- ^««ally, small ponds of water am 
 
 bluffs. Wnior ovn,.11™x .1/^ ,^ *^ 
 
 found i„ the o„„tre"onhe.e bl .ffs" V.t'!" """.I^ "' ^"'^ «» 
 A-ably good, varyiug fVom To to iT'"?' '•'.'"•'gl'ont. 
 ^.on, of Section/si t StTi,' ^ ' ■ J' ?a«^ deep; witk 
 
 36 
 
 fhe'^xTpto^^'f^sTcdo^rsTl'lr^ '» '"18 inchos'de"e7wiS 
 gave%. the ^'^^'Z^t^^^ Sl^^^^t^^t^ f^ 
 ■ Outlines. — The nnrfl, ,t. 
 
 Wm and clay sSoVcrsVl'a|r"™T.""'' '"" "^ '-l^ 
 lug prairio, with a few islaiwk „f „„ i J'"-' '^"s' ■« open, roll- 
 
 east Soil, sandy loam c a ef/anto ""^ 'ft'', "',f ""'^- 
 
 Ihe west is all open rolH^rrl • •*" • , ^' -^'^«*"> 1882. 
 -^. Bray, 1881. ^ ' '°^^"^» P^^^'^^' with a good farming soiL 
 
 hills on'fhe wesrSde"' Thelir''"'' ''17 ^•^°^^«"' with small 
 being for the most part asanrlv^' ^1^^^^"7. is classes 2 and 3 
 erly direction throrh ^ho !^^-fff ^7 r ^ S^lly runs in an olfe 
 creek at the bottom"°of it mlhit ^""^ *«wnship. with a'^ 
 
 '• With the exception of a few smaR 
 
I' 
 
 n 
 
 lairt fl>wnsh$/,$ Went of Sevond Initial MfrUUan—Rang9 TH, 
 
 nIoughN, tho wurfaco \h «<»uiplct.(>ly dry, and tho l( 
 
 AH'ry litl lo UMo lor oithor auricult 
 
 Fitlon, lH8a. 
 
 wtiHhip JH of 
 LiUT or gru/.iug puri-oNos, — C. E. 
 
 ^r»7. ow//i 
 
 Th« 
 
 SM 
 
 -sn. 
 
 JIO 
 
 #ir.s.--iho north jh opmi. rollintr prniri»'. Soil, Handy loam, 
 and .lay nuI)noiI ; cliiNNrH I and 2. The gn-atcr part of tin* cant 
 conNiNts of op«.n, rolling' prairie. Soil, wandy loam, with a lew 
 ImnltltTM in plnccH ; clay HubHoil ; claHHCN I and 2. — C. F. Mites, 1882. 
 Wt'Mt— high, dry, opon, rolling und undulafing prairiiv Pomls 
 and Hinall gniNN niarHhcH woro crom'd. Soil, day loam, with a clay 
 uuhsoil, gravelly on ridgcN; cla^-H ii. Tho norlh-woHl half of Soc- 
 tion 18 ib cU\HH 8. Hasin Lak(«, with (dear wiih^r. h Hitunt«'d in 
 8<H!tion.s 31 and liO. A gra«sy inl<>t IIowm into tho lak(>, and a trail 
 to tho 1 ouchwood J 1 ills MiNsion crowHCN sonlh of it. A largo grass 
 marsh nnd pond an' situttt«'d in tho 8outh-t«aHt half of Suction 18. 
 — IV. T Thompson, 1881. 
 
 ^ut)-tlivi!tion. ~i>\)oi\, rolling prairie, and rather high and dry, 
 
 there 1mm ng vi>ry few sloughs. The soil generally is sandy loam, 
 
 ^ilh (day subsoil, hut gravelly and, in some j)laeo8, stony on tho 
 
 ^ps of the knolls. On t he whole, it v/ouhl rnakt* a fair agricultural 
 
 town.shi|); classes 1, 2 and .}.— C. E titton, 1888. 
 
 Outlines.— T\w north and west consist of high, dry, open, rolling 
 prairit'. On the north llie soij is clay loam over a cluy suhsoif, 
 withgniveiiy ridges ami loamy bottoms ; class 2. On'the west, 
 a lew small marshes were crossed, and the soil is sandy and clay 
 loams, with elay and irravolly subsoils, stony and gravelly oii 
 Tidgos ; class 2 The dry bi'd of a watercourse crosses Sections 
 80, 18, 7 and (», the bunks of which are 26 feet high. No wood. 
 Very little water. (W)od agricultural land on both lines. — W. T. 
 Thom/isiin, 1802. 
 
 Over the greater i)art of the east boundary the surface consists 
 of open, rolling prairie. Soil, Mindy loam, with a lew boulders in 
 places ; ilay subsoil ; elassea I and 2.— (7. 1\ Miles, 1882. 
 
 Sub-uii>istt>n — High, open, rolling prairie, and very dry, 
 broken wtlh lour valK-ys running in easterly and westerly direc- 
 tion through the township. The soil iie sandy loam, sand, and, iu 
 high pln»'.s, gruvi'l, and miirht be rated as classes 2 and 8 for agri- 
 cultural purposes. — C. E. Fit/on, 1888. 
 
 (Juf/iHts — W»st— rolling and undulati»fT prair^ , with ••lass 
 jueadows. Soil, clay and gravelly lo; :"i , wiih clay sui)8oil, 
 gravelly on ridges ; class 2. Section 1 is broken by an opea 
 water lake, with marshy and grassy shores in the north-west half; 
 a large grassy hay marsh, with 8 teet of water, I'xtends west from 
 this lake ; the oj^euings iu this section are good ; land class 2. 
 C?ni'a farming laud.— IT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 The .'ast is high, dry, rolling prairie, with numerous small 
 liC ^:sl\cB. An old cart trail crosses Section 12, Alluvial soil, from 
 '.t to 8 inches d^iep, on a sand subsoil ; class 2 —A. O. Talhof, 1883. 
 
 . Outlines. — West — rolling and undulating prairie, with a few grass 
 meadows. Soil, clay and gravel, with a clay subsoil ; classes 2 
 — - - - ^^,^.^ uccp, aau a grass meaaow m 
 
 SSitx u 
 
 xs. oaiiuv aiuuUii, o 
 
ss 
 
 Section 7. A Iftko is nituak-d in Section fln t,-f«k i- 
 
 lak.. .,. th.. Houf,h-,.nNt. it extern Ml n,,i^''^'^ ^T^"'' '»y «* '^--ff" 
 north half uf , hi« «..ot o a flm bJ ^Jhm "^"^ ^^""' ""' ^^^e 
 
 «oil: classes 1 to I Tn ij' '^^^''^^'''''V'" T"' '""» '=''^7 «"'•" 
 Albert.oro.sHe8Seetiou24 Th. L.Tr^ '^'""^ ^" i*""'* 
 
 ifl an aJkuline plain Larir« n r L '11' •'"'"'^"'- "'' «"ction 24 
 
 «i<uated in thl northMTof s^^^^^^^ of water, are 
 
 Section I -A. C. l^'/hot^SL ^ ' *"^ ^^^" ^^uth-oait of 
 
 ^ii^^^''^!;^.^^ With pond, ana 
 
 hlack loaniH, with Hubsoils of irZ-.n^ , m^* *""' '^ '^^"^y ""^ 
 gravelly clay ; clas« 8 th ouXut A r! ' '^"^"''"'^.^''^y. -JaV and 
 thec,<ntrali,orti(,nofS.. Hnnfii A ^V >'"'"' '" situated in 
 •low current, taSs L -,« -^ fu\ ^ 'T^^ '^'^^ » 'i"k deep, and 
 T. Drummonk 188?{ ^'" ^°"^ "^"^ ""^s north-wV^t.- 
 
 soil. 4 inches in depth? wi h civ v«IIn'' '. = '^'^', ^^ ^'^"^''"» 
 soils ; class 2. Acart mi Un.l 7" ?''''' ''.'"y ""^ S^avel «ub- 
 wood Hills to PHn^A h i "1 t*^''»raph line, from Touch- 
 
 19. Good agriiuirural ^a;""rhe trt"^"^'^^ ''^^^^' «-"-" 
 oi>en prairie, with Halt and alkaline nl,un« . i '"'''"' ''"^ ^«^^''» 
 Soil, from 6 to im.hesdeei, on In r^.""'"''''^"" marshes. 
 
 4. C. Tafbot, 18«8 ^ • '^ ^''^J' *'"''"«' I ; ^las.ses 1 to 4.- 
 
 S9. 
 
 84 
 
 east the soil is fro „ 5 o 6 nch.L ) '" '^" ^''"""^ ^^^ ^ho 
 
 classes 1 and 2. On the w ?_:V Ij ';^ '^^^ 'I ,^-,^'y -^nd sub.soil ; 
 dry. with the exception of two smal ak.f ^ ^"m'"' ^'-^ "^"^ 
 and gravel ; class 2.-4. C. tX? 1888 ' '''"'*• "^^^J" 
 
 inches deep, on gravel sand olZ ^n^ Alluvial soil from 4 to 10 
 A small creek c^rosl^sMonlll^^^^^ «^-« 2. 
 
 Eastwards, the prairie is undukHn^ a ' " "T" south-west. 
 
 poplar and willows in tL south i^S ''f ?J''"^ ^^'^^^^^ ^ith 
 nf fha i;„^ *i,.-_, . " ^^? soutn-east. hi the nnrfh f ,.r/.4»>;-j- 
 
 «e»ml rating P ola^ 2™1 aVS.& ""' ^'^^'°»"'- T"" 
 
I 
 
 21£ 
 
 I I 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XX. 
 
 4A. St'b-division arid Outlines. — This iownfiliip 16 mostly covered Vith 
 a heavy growth of grey willows and scattered poplar. It ik well 
 watered by several creeks, more especially by Maple Creek, which 
 flows from south to uorth, arid has generally high banks. Some 
 ^.jrtions of this township are too wet for farming purp'osee, par- 
 ticularly the north-east corner and the sections udjoining G-oose 
 Bunting Lake, bui at present is well suited for cattle, ana being 
 easily drained it is a very desirable place for settlers. Timber 
 suitable for house logs and fence rails can be obtained in adjoining 
 tQwnshi^.s ^o the south. Tjhie soil is a good loam of an average 
 dopth of 8 to 15 inches ; day subsoil, and no trace of alkali, except 
 just bordering on the lake. The land slopes gradually from soiitli 
 to iiorth, all the creeks ilowing into Carrot Kiver. — E. C. Caddy^ 
 1884. 
 
 4T, Outlines.- Goin^ west ch the north boundary, Section 86, is 
 wet alkaline flat, and class 3. Section 35 has some ponds, and 
 iine clay loam soil ; class 1. Tlie next tWp sections are drier, bu 
 the last two have niariy ponds. T'he r&tiiig of these last four 
 Bcctions is classes 1 arid' 2, and the soil consii^ts of a clay loam. 
 The country along the west boundary is wet, poor and sandy, 
 having numerous ponds and lakes. There are bluffs of small 
 poplar and scrub scattered along the line. The rating is classes 
 8 and 4. The east line was surveyed over a country which has 
 numerous ponds, lakelets and marshes, and an alluvial soil of 
 from 12 to 18 inches, on alkali lime subsoil. The surface is 
 level, and covered with grey willow and alder bushes. Classes 2 
 and 3 — IT. D ^//t>, 18<<2. 
 
 Suh-divinon and Outlines. — The land throughout is all utterly 
 unfit ior settlement, being too miuch broken by water, but is 
 well suited for grazing, as the water lowers rapidly and leaves 
 first-chiss hay. The surfaco is generally covered with a heavy 
 growth of willows and black poplar of a fair size, in many cases 
 suitable for house logs, and in almost unlimited supply fo."* fuel. 
 If at any future day the more available lanris elsewhere should b? 
 all taken up, this and the neighboring townships might be drained 
 at a probable cost of 4 J cents per acre, and would then' make 
 some of the best laud to be obtained for agricultural purposes. — 
 L. Patrick, 1883. 
 
 4S. Outlines. — North — poor, sandy, rolling land, covered with jack 
 pine, some poplar, tamarac in the swamps, brule and fallen timber. 
 Class 4. The Saskatchewan crosses in Section 86. The country 
 along the west boundary is very poor ard sandy, and is covered 
 with jack pines about 10 inches in diometer. The Saskatchewan 
 crosses the the township, entering by Section 30, with a stream 
 18 chains wide, between banks 120 feet high. This river crosses 
 the township by a circuitous course and emerges by Section 25. 
 In the vicinity of the river, and for a couple of miles south of it, 
 the land is poor, sandy, class 4, and covered with jack pine, 6 to 
 8 inches in diameter. After thip the grade rises to 2 a,nd ,3, but 
 . is siili unavailable owing io many alkaline ponds and an olkuliua 
 clay subsoil.— if. D. Ellis, 1882. 
 
4i». 
 
 T<ncnship, West of Second Initial Meridian.-lUnge XX 218 
 
 year, for fences and fuel Th^S^n^ "^"fS^^^ *° ^^'^ ^^^ «eveMl 
 quality, being m^e up eith^^^fe^^^^ of poor 
 
 18 included ^uch of ?he co^^^^^^^ 
 
 the exception of a flat in Sections 2 -i^^f ??' u^'A*^® "^®^» ^i*!^ 
 the Bishop of the Ohttreh TK^ q! 1 ?i^^' ^^^°*^ is claimed by 
 very circu'itoufrouttStinf ea^^^^^^ » 
 
 the river near the ientrl o? the town^T. ;^ * ^T^ '' «^*^^*« «» 
 
 pine, scattered poplar, some tamlr^o^I^ J timber is mostly jack 
 fences and house logsl-Z Va^^cV 1^83^ '^"''^' ''^**^^' ^''' ^^^ 
 
 a4j#* 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 RiLNOE XXI. 
 
 ». OutiiKes.—EaRt— in the Coteau, hilly i)rairie, the soil and vegeta- 
 tion are much better than in the townships further to the east^ 
 and surface water is more abundant. There is a little wood im 
 some of the coulees. 1 he surface is too hilly for farming, but 
 excellent for pasturage, as there is plenty of fresh water. The 
 south line is in the summit of the Dirt Hills and the Coteau du 
 Missouri ; it is rough nnd broken, wuth a few ponds in the de- 
 pressions— O. J Klnlz, l-ST. 
 
 West— the south-^vest half of this township lies in the Dirt> 
 Hills, a broken range forming part of the Coteau du Missouri, i^t 
 the small valleys of which the soil is rich and the grasses luxu- 
 riant, and some of which are well wooded. The soif, in this part 
 of the towngfhip, is a sandy loam of moderate depth, with clay 
 subsoil —J. J. McArthur, lo82. 
 
 Sub-division. — The south-west half of this township lies im 
 the Dirt Hills, part of a broken range forming the Grand Coteau. 
 du Missouri. This range runs south-east and north-west, and is 
 very broken in the centre ; it rises abruptly in broken ridges to- 
 an elevation of about 800 feet above the plain ; a few of the- 
 ravines are timbered with small ash, elm, poplar and maple, but 
 only fit for fuel, and in small supply. Blueberries, raspberries- 
 and black currants are plentiful, it appears to have been a 
 favorite resort for buffalo, as bones are scattered about m immense- 
 miantities. This part of the township is all broken by small, 
 sharp, round hills. The soil is a shallow, sandy and clay loam, 
 and much of it a hard, gravelly clay surface, with a clay subsoil ; 
 classes 2 and 3. The hills are generally btony and gravelly, and 
 stonew occur round the ponds, in the hollows the soil is deeper 
 and richer, and vegetation better. Water is abundant, and of 
 very fair quality ; numerous swamps and ponds, some four feet 
 deep and over. The hay supply is small, there being only a nar- 
 row^ margin round many of the swamps. The north-east part is 
 level and rolling, soil sandy and clay loam, with clay subsoil ; 
 class 2. Vegetation light ; no w^ater at foot of the mountain, but 
 large quantities of ponds and swamps on its brow.— 2' B Gil- 
 liland, 1883. 
 
 10, Ow^/mes.— North and w^est— is comi)aratively level. A branch ot^ 
 the Moose Jaw Creek traverses the towuthip. The soil is a 
 sandy loam, with clay subsoil.— .7. J. McArthur, 1^82 
 
 The east is hilly prairie, and in the Coteau. Soil, of a fair and 
 medium quality. Vegetation is better, more abundant, and less 
 m scattered localities than further east ~-0 J. Klolz, 1«81. 
 
 Sub-division. -Thifi township is level on the south, and roll- 
 ing and broken slightly by smi)ll ravi)ies on ilie nortli side. Thft 
 fioil in the south is sandy loam, and in the north a hard grey clay 
 
 13 
 
[AN. 
 
 d vegeta- 
 the east^ 
 wood im 
 liug, but 
 ter. The 
 Dteau du 
 I the de- 
 
 the Dirt, 
 souri, in 
 les luxu- 
 this part 
 rith. clay 
 
 p lies in' 
 I Coteau 
 t, and is 
 ■idges to 
 V of the- 
 iple, but 
 spberries 
 
 been a 
 mmense 
 y small, 
 ly loam, 
 subsoil ; 
 illy, and 
 s deeper 
 t, and of 
 our feet 
 ly a nar- 
 
 part is 
 subsoil ; 
 a in, but 
 
 B Gil- 
 
 ranch of 
 Oil is a 
 
 fair and 
 lud less 
 
 rid roll- 
 i\ The 
 rey clay 
 
 Til. 
 
 3L2 
 
 13. 
 
 a raiining sfnam on the nX of it ^"^ ^^outh-east; it was nS 
 w.t„. here „„„ ,h.„,, of fa" '! ..^ i ^Xv'' lm?e °h' ''T''^ ^' 
 J A. ft//!/o„rf, 18,3 ■ "citi>"ou light. »No timber. 
 
 t~^^^ *he Moose Jaw Creek 
 
 and undulating, Soil I saX In ^^'^,?."t^^"or the land is high 
 of hills of whiS Ola; ^IVSsesVhT Wh'^ ' '^'^ '^^^^°^'- ^ ^aZ 
 the comparatively recent ZZn^e "oj'th-easi part. In these hills 
 gnlli-, the sides^ot' th" beds of lh,Vh' ^""^ 7' ^'l^ ravines and 
 vegetation.- -y. / McAmTr ms ''"" altogether devoid of 
 
 with'i.rvSX^o^i • ct::? '^ *'v^^t '^^ -'^- - -^ng 
 
 «outh the fand LcomVsrouV broken an'/'V'"^ Continuinf 
 faily prairie, with gmvellv ricia^^wl? •^*''">'' "merging into 
 
 -11, with stones ;.Ls J 2^^ndr^'"? VeTim^ '^^^^ ^^^^ 
 on the .Missouri Coteau So j a hfi''''M ''"^ ^^^''^'en- abutting 
 «tone. The township tswaSdbva'Jr^.t'T'. ^^,5^ gravel and 
 crosses it Irom west to east Where thl^f^ ^'"'^ '''^^'^^' ^^^^^ 
 ravines, it is excellent wheat Zd Ir^L^'f^''! '^ "°<^ ^^^^en by 
 the township ranks firsrekss Z ^ ^^^*^' ^^^ throughout. 
 FqfarU,]SH2. ^^^^ ^'^^ pasturage. No wood.—^; 
 
 dayt'^ll^S^-^^hrn't H ^^"^'^ «°"' ^ ^y 
 
 all flowing north, on SeSns 3 ^''"%'^ by three c.eeks, 
 A cart trail crosses on 32 ?W ^ ' '^^ ^'^"'^ . ^4, respectirely. 
 
 clay soil; will make o-ood farmiinr^; v.-^''^'T' ^^^^ ^ ^eaVy 
 for the production of whtt rS .? "^"'^^'a ^^^ ^« «^*^«llent sol 
 and sW current. crosI^^tcl^l^l^^V^-f of good water. 
 
 West— i) rancfo of hills of whif.. i \ ' ■^^^^• 
 
 corner of the township .Nor h of this 'Ko'T''""' '^' south-west 
 level, and traversed fVom Zih to nn /i. k '"''"'^^ '^ comparatively 
 tributaries to the MooT.Taw Th^ "fl^ hj ..y,r,a ,„,„! ^^^^^^ 
 
 the township app.3ars to brvery"'; nlf ani1nt'"^^ ^^^^^^^^^ 
 tion IS very scant -J. j. MrArlhnr 1SS2 ^ "" yegett^ 
 
 wheat growing. Towi.rds fh. ..>. ! u .i. ' ^ "^f ^ ^'^^^ quality for 
 broken by ravines/but Ifl ll ^^ *^" ^'"^'=^^-^' '« stony and 
 marshes, hur seAera small cetk/'ft"^ Pasturage. There are na 
 water No wood -/J /^l/anAl^si! "" '''^^'^^ °^' ^^^^ f^««l» 
 
 very thin growth of g-rass • caefn «» i 'i ^*'''';^ P''*"^®' with a 
 
 -,,,i.-,-:i 1 , f.,itios , cactus arifl S'>"^ h^^^-^ :.- 1 ^ *• 
 
 oUbsuils, Clay and white rlav • olas -er^ a"^^ '^ t»"^ '" '''^'^^^iauGe ; 
 crosses the north ■ west hal f li^.M- t .. *' ^^^^e Jaw Creek 
 i.a.f o. Section 1, 1,;^ ^l^.' tht^'^^Tr^^'^o^utW^^ 
 
'-fe 
 
 Sie lownships Wat of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXI. 
 
 •wide, 8 to 6 feet deep ; current good ; water very muddy ; its 
 ]jaiiks are from 6 to 15 feet high.— JJ. B. Proud/oot, 1882. 
 
 .East — undulating prairie. Hard clay soil. Occasional swamps. 
 Good wheat land. Mo wood.— ^. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is level prairie, and heavy clay ; 
 class 1 throughout. Moose Jaw Creek crosses the township in 
 the south-west corner in a north-westerly direction ; it is partly 
 dry in summer. >(owood; no marshes. Good farming land.— 
 Dumais and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 Jlj4l. Ow^/mes.— North— level prairie.. Soil, heavy clay; class 1. No 
 wood ; very little water. Good farming land. — L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 West — rolling prairie, with scattered marshes and low lands. 
 Soil, clay loam, with dark clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 3. A dry 
 watercourse crosses the line four times in the south-west half of 
 ^ Section 6. Fair agricultural land.— IT. B. Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 East — undulating prairie, with occasional swamps. Soil, 
 hard clay. Good wheat land— il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Prairie, chiefly rolling. No wood. Water 
 obtainable everywhere by sinking wells in the dry swamps. 
 Soil, 12 to 15 inches deep, with black clay subsoil ; first class.— 
 F. Vincent, 18S2. 
 
 "Ji^. . Outlines. — North and v est — is very level, very heavy clay soil ; 
 
 no timber whatever ; a few sloughs. Very little meadow land. 
 
 -Vegetation short, owin:^ to the hardness of the clay soil. The 
 
 land is class 1 throughout, and generally fair krming land.— 
 
 L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 East — very hummocky, undulating prairie Several medium* 
 sized marshes. The soil is a heavy clay ; class 1 throughout, 
 .^ood farming land, very suitable for grain.— TT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Soil is a first class clay loam, with a good black 
 clay subsoil. First class land for agricultural purposes or grazing. 
 Ho wood of any kind. Water can be had anywhere by digging a 
 few feet, and from the small marshes scattered throughout the 
 township. — F. Vincent, 188 i. 
 
 ^<5. Outlines. — North and v ost — is very level ; very heavy clay soil ; 
 no timber whatever, not even willow scrub ; a few sloughs. 
 :Very little meadow land ; vegetation short. The land is class 1 
 throughout.— Z,.£o/^«, 1882. 
 
 East — Very hummtcky, undulating prairie. Soil, is a heavy 
 clay ; class 1 throughoia. Good agricultural land, well adapted 
 for grain growing. — W Pearce, 18H1. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is slightly undulating prairie. 
 Soil, clay loam, 6 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 1 through- 
 out. Large hay marsh on Sections 2 and 3. No wood. Very 
 little water.—/. L. RevI, 1883. 
 
 ^7. Outlines. — Undulating, hummocky prairie. The soil is a good 
 
 play, and class 1 throi ghout. The C.P.R. crosses the township, 
 
 ,east and west. SectioEs 35 and 36 are broken by the valley of 
 
 t"he Wascana Creek ; tl is creek has high and steep banks, and 
 
 flows north-west. There is no wood of any account along this 
 
XXL 
 
 luddy; it» 
 
 2. 
 
 9,1 swamps. 
 
 eavy clay ; 
 v^zLship in 
 t is partly 
 ng land.— 
 
 IBS 1. No 
 on, 1882. 
 low lands. 
 3. A dry 
 jst half of 
 ?82. 
 ps. Soil, 
 
 I. Water 
 ' swamps. 
 st class.— 
 
 clay soil; 
 dow land, 
 soil. The 
 ig land.— 
 
 ,1 medium* 
 ironghout. 
 ', 1881.' 
 ^ood black 
 or graijing. 
 digging a 
 ghout the 
 
 clay soil ; 
 
 V sloughs. 
 
 I is class 1 
 
 is a heavy 
 
 II adapted 
 
 ng prairie. 
 I through- 
 od. Very 
 
 is a good 
 township, 
 e valley of 
 banks, and 
 along this 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^wnships West of Second Initial Meridian.-Range XXI 21t 
 
 ?»*y* 5^ l^®• "^^^' ^""^ t^®^® ^« * little brush in places. The west 
 xs undulatmg, dry and hummocky prairie, with a hard clavTon 
 ^d clTJ?^l.''^''t . ^^'^^ ^'^^^ the soil is also a heavy^clay 
 ^^J- i throughout. Wascana Creek crosses the line three 
 tJipes m the nortli-east half of Section 86. The tov^shio is 
 
 ^S^-^^:Si:^ ^'^^ adapted r'^^ai^' 
 
 j^ .f *^*;^ff "*°??-I? l^jel 01- Hummocky prairie, with an average 
 'K.S f -1^^ ?°'^ pf 4 inches, wiihMay sibsoi It is wfu 
 
 C^^}t<:7;; ^^ns through the centre of the township iGyande 
 Coulee btation. No wood of any kind.-/. /. Francis, lb82 ' 
 
 a^^;in«.-X.he north is undulating prairie, with a good sandy or 
 
 play loam sojl ; class, 2 throughout The vVUey of WascandCreek 
 
 AB situated on the north-east lalf of. Section '82 'an^^ 
 
 . Whole of . f5^c ,on M ; the , stream fie Ws through the latter section 
 
 ,Mweenl,anks,which are 75 lent high an^d' a£ cS^erefwirK C 
 
 • ,^!?v:,/i'5^^^t^«"j^^,^l.*tingandhuipmockypr Thesoil 
 
 • faff o/sectiL ?«^' T? '^"'' ^•- ^ ^^':*/^«^ crosskthe south-^est 
 ' whih .1 '^rf ?•/ l^'^^ T'""^^ wif h.gravelly and stony banks, 
 
 * iJ^n, r ^^- ^'^^' J' -"'tuated in the nor^h half of Seclion 19 
 and the contiguous portiV <?f 80. The eaat is also undullSinff 
 
 ■ S^ fe'^n^n^r^"'-, A^old.traiI crosses the^line in'Secdon f 
 WdtheQuAppele trail in Section 18. The so 1 generallv is a 
 Wyclay; Sections land 12 are rate^ class T LI the balance 
 
 & t IT '\'' ^- -i^^^r "«^^" ^« juftged from'?he^S 
 flx^es the township will make good far'ii'ng land and is well 
 siijted for gram growing.— Tf Pearce, 1881 ' 
 
 • • Wasclma rrS"-;;^^'^'^' '^^^^H^^ undulating. The banks of 
 
 Wascana Creek, which traverses the eastern portion of tho town- 
 ship in a north-west direction, are about 100 feet fiigh ai.d steei> 
 5n some places. The water of the creek is very ffoc.d its c. S 
 IS pretty swift, and it was from ten to forty Im 
 
 • Sdv Tn/^f / ^''P' ^^ September." Its bottom is Wmetim^ 
 'Sw «.H?K I Pl^T.Pjel y or sandy. There is a belt of wil- 
 ip^n ^^-.vf ^1^"^ \«th banks Soil, five in.hes to nine i aches 
 deep, with a clay subsoil ; first clas«._/. W i)Mmr,«r.s, l8S2. 
 
 e^st ouarL Jf I t^^W^ the Qu'Appelle Kiver 0(.cu,,y the north- 
 ' Jf t <l"^^ter of Section 35. 1 hey are -160 feet high and the si ream 
 
 ?f the river crosses Section 34. 'ihe remunder^of this section S 
 ^hf billt ?J ?K^ '°''*^'"'^ ^ "'""^ ^'^^^'^ i« tributary to the river, 
 'ouarte s of SppHn' T^-'"'' ^^\?!-f^-% The north-east three 
 
 are Ibout |?0 fi?v, \'' ''r^^.-^'" *^^^«" ^^"« «'•« J^'^avelly and 
 ^W t .1 J*^ /^i ..S^'^tions 31 and 32 are stony in p'aces. 
 
 is occ^niP^ i ^^ '^^^^^^•}.■ 7^'^ north-west half of Section 31 
 g occupied by gravelly hills from 2.V0 to 800 feet high. The 
 
 ^nthTc; f^r^T''' ^\' «outh-e«st quarter of Section ?0, its 
 ^ depth IS 5 M. A large slough is also situated in the c.n rai 
 
' ' 
 
 218 Townships West of Second hiifial Meridian.— Mange XXI 
 
 portion of Section 30. The whole of Section 18 is occupied by the 
 valley ot Wascana Creek. Fair farming land.— PT. Pearce, 1881. 
 The east is level prairie, and has an excellent soil.— IT t' 
 Thovipson, 1881. * * 
 
 Sub-division.— Vnd\ila.img prairie. It is traversed by the 
 <.otton wood Wascana and Boggy Creeks and the Qu'Appelle 
 Kiver. Ihe banks of the river and creeks are partly covered with 
 islands of wood, such as aspen and willow. Soil, good clay loam 
 generally, but along the bank of the river rather too sandy: 
 cluelly hrst class, with some second and third.—/. W. JJ' Amours 
 loo2. 
 
 ao. Outlines.— The north is high, dry and open, rolling prairie, with 
 a lew dry, grass marshes. The soil is a gravelly loam, which is 
 stony on the ridges, and rates class 2, except Section 82, which is 
 class 3. The marshy extension at the southern end of Last Moon- 
 tarn Lake enters Sections na and 84 between steep bare banks 
 from 176 to 200 feet high. This marsh is overflowed in high 
 v^ater from 4 to 18 inches deep and thickly covered with a growth 
 of blue joint grass at the southern end and merging into weeds at 
 the north A channel, with 18 inches of water in the dry season, 
 skii ts the wost hank A gully and a cart trail cross the north- 
 east part of Section 81.- W. T. Thompson, 188 J. 
 
 West— rolling prairie. Soil, a good sandy loam, stony in 
 places ; class 2. Section I is class 1. A cart trail crosses Section 
 31. Good agricultural land.— JT Fearce, 18B1. 
 
 Fast— open, undulating prairie on Sections 29 and 86, bnt 
 soufh- westwards broken, on 13 and 24, by the Qu'Appelle River 
 and valley, and on Sections 1 and 12 by a tributary creek and 
 valley; the banks of each are about 160 feet hish—W T 
 Thompson, 1881. ^ ' ' 
 
 Sub-dii^tsion.—'Romng prairie. The Big Arm and Qu'Appelle 
 Kivers unite in this township ; the current of both is swift, and 
 their bottoms are muddy. They were from 60 to 70 feet 
 wide, and irom 6 to 20 feet deep, in August. Islands and 
 belts of aspeu, ash and willow occur along their banks. Soil, 8 
 to h inches deep, with a gravelly or sandy clay subsoil ; rather 
 more liglit and sandy on the banks of the streams ; generally 
 second class, with a small proportion of first.—/. W. D'Amouri 
 1882. * 
 
 21. Outlines.— Long Lake enters the west side of this township, with 
 steep banks about lOO feet high and saline water There are 
 numerous clumps of poplar and many dried up marshes (Septem- 
 ber) The north west is high rolling. Most of the townshiA 
 north and west, is good farming land -.r F Garden, mm. 
 
 East— undulating country, dotted with bluffs of poplar and a 
 lew ponds. The soil is a fine clay loam on a clay subsoil, and 
 good agricultural land.— IF. T T/wmpwn, 1H81. 
 
 Sub-dtvis/on — liolling prairie, diversified with thick clumps 
 of poplar, supplyinar all requirements for building, fencing and 
 fuel. The south-west portion is entered by Lono- l^ake ' ^ " " 
 
 m 
 
 which. 
 
S3. 
 
 Tbwnshipi Weu of Second Initial Meridian— Ran gtXU ZV9 
 
 t*or?er'sorfir°i'^!,^''''* T'^^^^'^ ^^ *^« North-West Tern- 
 tones, feoil, first and second class.-C/mew^e and ffno^on 1881 
 
 o^uftfhmT^^J^.r^ west-the land alon^ the north boundary ii^ 
 
 SJ f '^'^?' (September). Most of the soil is good and well 
 suited for agriculture.— .7. F. Garden, 188 (. 
 
 wilUw *~^i^^'fl'.';°"^"^ P^**"«' ^i^h bluffs of poplar and 
 Willow, scrub and thick timber. Water scarce Soil CTittv ^S 
 sandy loam with a clay subsoil. Sections 1 and 12 a?I dLT^ 
 the^remainder class 1. Good farming land.-H^. T nJ^soi 
 
 Sub-division.--.lB rolling prairie, with bluffs of poplar and 
 Willow sufficient for fuel. Alluvial soil of firstclass quahtfw 
 4 to 6 mches m depth, with clay subsoil. Some few small ma^S 
 A very desirable township for the settler.-Z. C. Dupuis, ?88i 
 
 Slf witwl'*^ r^ ""^^l'' °^^"^ ^'^^^^ ^y midges and smaffi 
 hills with generally small clumps of poplars in the hollows Aa 
 alkaline flat and pond in th. south-west; but mo.tly S d^ 
 agricultural land.-/. F. Garden, 18c<l. ^ ^' 
 
 dotted wiTh^h!,?/ T''*T' ""^^^^5^ consisting of excellent soil and 
 aotted with blufis of poplar and willow.— ^^ Bray ISM 
 
 bub-division.-^Kolling prairie, broken by a few slouirhs and 
 
 stonv'ThV^T^' '^JT'E P°^^^^- Soil, Joor. sandy 2dv^ 
 Btony ; third class.— ^. LeBer, 1882. J' "• *«fjr 
 
 0««me.s.-?forth--passes over the southern slope of Last Moim- 
 It^'T /' ^^"ed more or less thickly, with blutFs of poplar, hilla 
 and marshes, boil, good. East-folhng country mostlv cood 
 land, and thickly dotted with poplar and willow -k^-J^ay^lfST 
 extP.^^T?^';?^''''' /u^"^'. °^ ^^"«- ^"^"^^ ^li« Last Mountain*, 
 tlwt r *;! T^^ ^""^^'^ °^' ^^^« township. The soil gene^ 
 
 rfil. k\'=^i ^°r' ^^^ S'^''^^ '^^^^g «n the tops oftht 
 ridges ; but will make gooi farming l.nd-J. F Garden, 1881. 
 
 ^S//ft.rfti,is?o».--rhe eastern halt is prairie of very uneven sur- 
 tace, and the remamder is rolling prairie. The whble is b ok.-a 
 by numerous ponds, sloughs and clumps of young poplar •<\^ 
 area of the ponds and sloughs must aggregati fully Celte ac^ 
 tW^l"^ and very stony, weeds being more common thangraw. 
 third class.— if. LeBer, 1882. ^ 
 
 27. 0«//mes_North-rolling, open prairie, ^fumerous sloughs. SoiL 
 gravel, clay and sandy loams, with clay and t and subsoils! 
 Classes-Sections 31 and 32, cl^s 2 ; Saction 33 is class sTtS 
 remaining Sections 34, 35 and 86 are class 1. West-rolUmr 
 prairie, with a number of sloughs. Second class, saudy loam soC 
 with some gravel and stones in the south-west. South-opS 
 wpr.;:; ^^§^\!'°\^"iS and undulating land, i^fumerous slouS* 
 I^U S m1^ r a bag this line. Soil, clay loam, with a clay sSb- 
 soU .sections 6, 5 and 2 are class 2 ; Section 1 is class 3 ; thfl 
 remainuig sections are class 1. Stony on ridges. A cart traU 
 to Touchwood crosses the south-weat half of S«.|ir.n .«; A '-^- 
 pond about 14 cliams wide, and 20 feet deep, is situated iilha 
 central portion of Section 1 — /. F Garden, 1882 
 
 24. 
 
220 
 
 38». 
 
 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.^^Ran^re 2^1, 
 East-high and open, rolling and 
 
 a 
 
 anbsoil, an^r^^Jlfr^^^^^ clay 
 
 Action' 18 is a; r Basin lil/w^^K^^f ^ '^!'« "^''^h ^^^^^ ^i 
 mtuafed in Sections 2^ «rHflp' ^'*^ •''l''^'" «"^^ S^^d tvater, Tb 
 
 and south of Uthere Is a trail' t^tTT^^'l* ^''^Y^^« *^« 1^^«' 
 A large grass marsh VL „ ^iL tho Touchwood Hills Mission. 
 
 f . 83, 84 and the^^ortl pa^f oFsLitT/^^^ 
 
 Jakes, surrounded with Wo wpt moJ!}, ' ^^^ch are three 
 
 ^ater m the lakes is clearTnd^nnHTr' '\'^^'^ "^'y- ^he 
 
 pavell^ and cuTZZZ^i ^!iTb^Z7"' T™.*^! ■«°"- 
 meadow and drv waterMml „1- 7 snbaoil ; class 2. A ifrass 
 «>.t balf of SectLTjA ?° .1,! °"™l'f » "^''y tXTo-thirds of the 
 gravelly ridgerfrom 15 to ,o f,Tt -"l ^"1",°" "' "»''' »«<■"■'■' »'<> 
 Ute is sitaafed in the itonl, 11?, ^"'^- VS'*^" '"dy and Mine 
 creek or dough. wUh„°^t^Ll' <i??"" »' S"""- «» A saline 
 chores are „?r«hy._^.'T" nl^^J^l^r' ""^^ '""*'°" "' 
 
 Wil CreefcTs crledtX se Ld mir Tr ''• '°'T " ''''" I"^da. 
 pbont 12 feel wide and ° f.«t L, °t '"? '^ " '"''S'' stream, 
 
 .fltixom I.. toT? chain, W.X fc",*' T"'"" ^'<'« »f " ■' ">»rsg 
 ^i.l^' Prineipally r weT aJk Jae iw "f"'"" 1"' "> ^'" ''"''• 
 
 S:ne .l1m,P„ ^^- "J*™' °'«'nl»*i'»r and miliar prairie 
 
 lt% V^ '-'^Pa'wSrset^es SecSr's'^irfi^^SS 
 ,1, the banks of wh ch are 25 feet hi..h N„^ j i '!■,"",'* 
 
 ^ale. Good .arming laad.-^:=V ^X«. mi ^"^ '""' 
 
 ^vc; r^j,::;r];"tir,!\^t7„'r'/' 'f'^^ p-'SNroken with 
 
 Benl Cr,HOc runs through Tn,- "^;,°'' T ■""""■'Us stones. 
 
 .Ikali flats on dlher sWrwfcf i""! i" """^ ^'' "'"> """s '"Se 
 ■•water Th,. so 1 on those seTft • ,*^,,P-r'">" "mo are under 
 
 trail, running ,0 W T^k ^^ " fl'"''' t'"'' ' '''"»» *• ^ cart 
 ■the south-w^t corn™* 1^1^/^^?"'' '•'•?"'''."^ « »* '^^ *" 
 .or^gravcl, „nd, might be rat^d^l^^g, '^^'l "istf ^ "''" 
 
 :5l^''aTanu^i:S?n;':,iS^Z^l^T^^-?.<''.««-^^ 
 
 .is ^ a saline ae^o^.^wilTp^^^T^SJ-^^ 1^^^^^; 
 
 anc 
 
 1 
 
'i 
 
 T>.nMp, We., of Second InUial Merman-nan^. XXI 22J 
 
 to fourteen iuche» dow and ^t 1 ' '^^ '?"" '^«' '■■<'">. "^ 
 .to 2.-,/. 7V,y„,r, ,883' ''^""' «™"I~bsoil8; classes XJ 
 
 dows^'^s^a dar«!3^«tv1,iri:';:."''« ?:;"■•/"• ™'"' ?«"» -«- 
 
 on ridges ; cWs A^ ^Z,!"""'' "'"^ <='»y '"''SQii, gravelly 
 tion if has Topen water'^ir wZ'^ 'T'' "r"'"'' '■ ^"^ 
 mthe north-east; aZgeg^irhavrj; '"5 S/''^>' "^"^ 
 
 '^^i-jni^tf rrshrof'trrz^' i°j^/"i -r'- 7"" 
 
 »,e/tnXliyrdVatl' w'Sf Hr "l'" •? V «'«» 
 *^d3. A saline slour^h «7,H„^1 j^'^^ subspil ; classes 2 
 
 Sf Section r? A S lak^ ^ grass ^ meadow cross (he north half 
 iiea4ow and watru si t^^^^ f'^'^'^ ,25v a marsh " 
 
 lmd.-W. T. Thompson, mf ' ^^'' ^*^'- ^'''^' ^^''^i^ff 
 
 ^^^S^:^^Z&\^T'--r''^^- Soil 
 
 c% subsoils; class 2 Sec ronT?« ?. ^t ^^"^^^^^ and yellow 
 A small lake is dtuated L t W^^ an alkaline plain; class 4. 
 and the north-wXf Sectiorr sl^^^^ ^^> 
 
 agricultural purposes ThU!; >ome parts are suitable for 
 large marshes were cJosso.1 ?!nK -f i^"""^ ""V^ P^*i"«- ^''^veral 
 claLs.,2 and B^XZtingt nd'it^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 sandy and clay loams wif}?«i containinflr water. Soil, 
 
 class 2. A larW Take is ,^..fnJ'^ and alkaline clay subsoil 
 Saskatchewan cfrttrarcrossr/hf '"^ ^^'^^'^^l f^ and 33. The 
 y. i)m^,«o«rf, ?«83 north-east half of Section 33.^ 
 
 wate™irund"fn^;\^^^^^ ^'on^fr^^r ^"5 "^"^^' ^^«^« ^ 
 
 deep, on a sand and clav nnL,. n "" ^''' *° "^^^*^*^^ i»i°hes 
 
 Xar^e lakes are s^Z^S^ir^Zlf^^ "^'^V ^^1f- '' 
 open prairie, with a few smill h r,fti, ^f l-n ^East— rolhn? 
 
 level alkaline plain dassf A ntf 1 '-iT ?"'*^°'^ ^ ^^ ^ 
 elay and yellow clay' anrgravol suE L ''ol ^ "0'^'^''^? ^^^P' "" * 
 aad, the teWraph line f rom Vl^r !f 't? n^^ - ^ ^^^^ trail, 
 
 crosses Sectfon 24 Good farm^n^T ^ ^^'"l *". ^"^-^'^'^ ^^^^^^ 
 Ta/60/!, 1883. ""'"^ ^^"^ o^ '^oth lines.-A ci 
 
 ^ S::^^ru:7{^J^^^^^f^ -ith bluffs of poplar and ^fl- 
 -w-,, „ T„ t> i„.hco .n uiameter ; water in some of the bluffs. Sub- 
 
 ^. 
 
■^22 7bt.«,A.^, iVest of Second InUial MeriUian.^fUnge XXI. 
 
 ^^^^^ik'ntlttJ^tf:^^^^^^^ A small creek, ,S 
 
 crosses the south-wos auarf/r .r ^\^ ^'^^ ^""^'^ ^^ ^"nce Albert 
 Touchwood KilMo Are A l^'t a^^^^^^ 7^« T* *^*" ^^^ 
 
 through Section 81. Ea-t ml '- ^^ telegraph line, crow 
 willow bluffs. Section 2T Irokin "^S^ "''J^J*^^ ^°^^«^^^^ ^^ 
 ceptioii of two small uLniniZ' ?t ^"'^ ^'J^' ^^^^ **»e er- 
 
 o "r ''VZ' ''''^'' ' ^ '^ -1 a r^^^^^^^^ '^'^''' 
 
 poplirfrom 2 JoT^iielfe.^n dL^^ ^'^^^'^ ^"^ ^i»°^ bluffs; 
 in the bluffs. Soil ^ to 6 inch. «/ '' ^^"^" ^**«^ ^«« ^und 
 soil ; class 2. East-rol ,W n ' • P' ^"^ * '^"^ ^»<i ^lay sul^ 
 
 Willo^; water occu;lirtestTve;V\lX'Th"'^ P?P>^ -^ 
 from 4 to 10 inches deepZ sanTv'^.n.lf 1 7^« ^"l^^^al soil is 
 subsoils ; class 2. A small cZl t^^^^^ ^^^J"' *^^ «andy olay 
 86, and flows south we^ is f!^; "^^'^ "'T.'^' S^^"^"« 25 anj 
 ya/Ao^, 1883. ' ^ ^"'^ ^'^^' *"<! 2 inches deep.-A (? 
 
 '**^- Sub-division and o'ltHnp* TK,o * 1. • . . 
 
 With a heavy growVh of wiTw. *^5^^^^''^ '«• i" general, cover<^ 
 
 • and there pat^ro' pr irriccur'^'l ""^'\7'^ ^^^^'^ ^^' ^^^^ 
 
 about two miles n.r?^- thr^,,i '"^ k^ "'"i^ ^"^« ^««terly 
 willow occurs the land is werand at ih^ boundary. Where ref 
 township a small amount ^U\kl\\ llll ""^f^b-west corner of the 
 large part of this fractional ?own«M^? ^^''/'^- t^" ^''^^^d. A 
 
 desirable for settlemrt The ird«f?llf' "^tr'^''^"*^'^^' ^^'7 
 ior two miles northwards aVdthl 5™ n^^ '^"*b boundarj 
 
 several large hay marches wifhf ^"^ ^ad«ally rise. There are 
 
 -;;<> joining wlrS^tl'ffirc.^^^^^^ '"^ ""^ 
 
 class I, Section 32 issS^imerr/hr.'* ^^ I '"? T"" «"■"''«» : 
 a southerly extension of wXfWT T"^ T'?'"'' »PP^'" ^ ^o 
 extent is sftuated in Selt^^f^sS ^'-l^ I't^^^rjelt"""" 
 
 cases whereUwXwocoZTh"'^!;/''*.''"^"'-'™? POP'^"-- !■» 
 of the portion lying t„ the east „f ,h f " "■™>i«bly wet. Most 
 l^ke, is a s-ood loam of .r=,, j" ''!''«'' « l-o'imB: Water Hen ' 
 
 subsoil, an^ is w:iiXeVfr:fM'r,';t"'Th "'''"•'■ 7 " "'?y 
 
 45. 
 
 
 suitable for catt l S^mrl r" '^'^"^''^ "'^'^^ ^'^^'^ b, . . . ..^ 
 settlers alreadv loc ted^ tT t''^ P"^-P"so«. There are several 
 ments-A'. 6' C^'lisT '" '' ''''^' considerable improve- 
 
 Sttr:;:i^:x^:^\i^^^!i^^ ^^ - ^^^^ sides of the 
 
 rosp<,ct admi rablv ad uv.Tf .f^"^' ^^'^" ^^^^'-b- and is in every 
 
 liood waten Sin;l t'mbef ."d w'^^T, ^^^%'-'' 'abundance S 
 loam, with clay .-ibcoil.r^^i'lfjjjs J_^« ^^'^ ^« - black., sandy 
 
 -i-.^ ■',s.^»'-,*;iCi*«'■^s,•,.™ 
 
 a.s;si--x. -~ ^ - ^ ,^-^S3-si,^5 
 
Tnwmhipa We,t. nf Second h, ifial Meridian ~ !iu>'g-^ X X I 228t: 
 
 ♦•y. Ouffines.—Tho land al 
 
 oYia; tho ea^t boundnry is j 
 
 ^». 
 
 ■andy, having many ponds and lakos. Wh. 
 18 coyerod with small pcplav an.l scrub. Th 
 and l.—H. D. Ellis, 1882 
 
 OT, w. t and 
 
 lero Ihiro is praiiio, it 
 rating is classes &. 
 
 lasl-.?r''^ T>^ '^^""^ P*"" «^°"' 10 i»^hos in dia net"r Ihe 
 Sa katchewau T Ivor crosso. th. uoith-east corner of th townshii, 
 
 purposes. 1 h,s township isgw.erally covered with a h^vlfrZI 
 
 *'■ ^atofed\7l?M"'''"r"'',''' ?.'■"'''' P"'"™ of this township. 
 LCJ^ th„ »?"''-'"""''. '""l this comprises all stctiolis lyine- 
 «?„5l.. 1 ?■ ^"'J''' "^oudary and the Saskatchevvaa Kiver iSf 
 
11 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST CF SECOND INiriAL MEBtDUN. 
 
 RANftE XXII. 
 
 poses only/ There is nT^otdrj'*/'^^,?,^'^^^^^ 
 
 and freah.-o. J K(otz,lm '^'^""^^^y' ^^^^r abundant 
 
 theret^'re^^^^^^^ -^^^ l" the Dirt HiUs; 
 
 triakin^it unl? for cuT^ation O^^^^ Zh^'^?^-"'^ ^^P^ ^* ^i"«^ 
 cayspiUn the holCs it i^8andvt«^"'' -'^^ ^*?"1'«^^^^^ 
 class 8. There arp mimlw! tf ^^ ^°*°^' "^'^^^ ^ith gravel- 
 a' good A^o wX'Tf^r'rrh^!.r^ ponds, nefriraii 
 valleys ?n orainarVsealons hu/ if ?- .1?^ ^f-^.' ^^'^^^ '^ the 
 account of extrem^drT weather and w'' T'^^^ *^^\y«*^ °^ 
 however, the townshin wS *? n *; ^" *^^ probability. 
 
 No timber of J7kTnd.Ln!'er,:^!'i888' "'''"' ^'''^ 
 
 The «>il iu th^; smaU taUep I'l?; S"'' Thi,''n^^ ^"^ W?»- 
 grazing purposes only. The north 1,=; i ,i P"' " ™"«d f" 
 fevel, with a gradual rL toward"tt hills Th"' comr aratively 
 
 Hi.is^:tf If tm7t^d"VX'„'''sSj:bS:r'''p "■^' ■» *•■« i>"* 
 
 remainder is quite level pSrie w»h i ^n^'"^ ""'y = *'» 
 
 the north-east corner £'51^ -^ 'n '" '»"■"«« '"wards 
 and clay loam, mied wiTh „t»ir P""";?""? « shallow, sandy 
 
 with a Lrd elk^ubsoT cfaTs •2"n/l"'\r"''' °° ""^ ''""^ 
 swamps or ponds, except among the hSis W^^""' "5 ''^^ ^^^ 
 tion rather light owinir to thrlrv .! ?,''"'• S»o<l- Vegetn. 
 
 timber whatfver.-S^j'^c^'^t'^^S '''^ ^''^O"™' fr^^ts.^ No 
 
 d:S.^';;itKars1.rir''T\iT"tiin%""''^ '°- °f "^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 diagonally by a brancn/Moot^ JawTJi'lF »lf '."T^"* "'■»»* 
 are thinly wooded. The land «1^Z . ^' '?" '""''^ °f which 
 either side.-/. /. Jf J^L, "^gl'^P'' '"^""is the creek from 
 
 «nad;y:„t^?,™'eW?r''A7lP™"\Soil, 18 inches deep. 
 
 Section §1. Seyeral ridges ftoLiJloZ'f M^f '''•°<''^' -=">«»»» 
 18 and 19. Good agricaSrllZd w'X-'^J^A'?''; «:2flSocti„n« 
 
>3 
 
 13 
 
 13. 
 
 TtnamMp, West of Second Initial JAeridlan-Range IXII. 224 
 
 ♦Ki. f''*-''*Y"'''"~~^!!^<>'}«^ t^e «oil i» ffonoratly a little li-ht 
 thia, township 18 wall adapted fof settl.Traent 'fL "arfJif i. 
 rolling, and cut up by raviiies, except in tHe Ltorn tie? oftJi 
 tr^^±!:t^ nearly lev^ef and^tL'^^r^xconel'T 
 
 fromTto 5 fei^n T^'^'it^"! ^^ ^? ^^ ^'''^' "^ width; and 
 iromjtos lent in depth, witli sioay bottom. Hows thronah a 
 
 V ? hb^L'" Aw'th" '' '^^r wide' Hanks on TiortS'fc 
 very nign. Along the creek there s a chain of cluniris of w«ft«l 
 principally small ash. Brush oc-urs in various Ss thrT^* 
 out «ie township, but is <mly suitable for in^xJisBra^^^ 
 
 ^ ' " -^'3^1 f^ 
 
 0«//mM.-The north is level or undulating prairie. Soil a heavv 
 clay or «andy loam. Good farming land 5Le W O^Y 
 flowing north, is crossed on the eastern hal of Sectional ^' 
 shores^arc covered with brush.-.4. C. Webb im " 
 
 ftV'J^'''^H^^ '4' ^'^rw^i^ro'ss^d^o'So^^ 
 «m„11 il^' 7^^ yalley of a branch of Moose Jaw Creek wiA 
 ama 1, sc(H:tered poplar, passes along the western tldr of sectU^ 
 Section 18 is greatly broken by thif creek, which is 15 inks w5£ 
 
 ^"^"^t^riT'^ *^^ banks ;iong?he vail yo^^^ 
 creeK are 100 fe^t high, having some ponlar ash unA thr^^ti a 
 
 A branch ot Moose Jaw Creek, whose bknks are thinlir 
 wooded, runs through this township almost paraUel to and «,mr 
 times crossing, the western boundary. A raSge of claV mL T K 
 t^fh^t" p;rtTri/'^- *l^T^^^P almosrr/onalir 4^^^ 
 sr^.i^^Plf,i^Lf 1882 '^^"^^^ ^^ ^"^" ^^^ theWS^tioa 
 
 class^^S^^^ SoiX^^ 
 
 ^::l^^!'&t^--^-^^ townshi^W Zu. t 
 
 Znte''cr^hl'\7JtT ^T ^'^^^ *^i« line about tha 
 
 centre ol the township, flowing in a uorth-westorlv coursa. 
 Country adjoining the creek to the south is low lyTug wSi T^t 
 
 flats but on the dry portions cactus and sage brush grow ab^- 
 dantly; cla^sS. North of the creek is rollino- and undulatw 
 prame, becoming^hilly in places. The west Fs romngld WeT 
 prairie Several hay marshes and low, wet lands we?e cfossld 
 feoil. clay loam, with a clay subsoil ; cksses 3 and 4. A branch of 
 Moose Jaw Creek flows north-east thmuo-h So.fj.,, ?q V^^^ °f 
 i« low, level prairie, with a very thin"gr=owth ;f '^Iss, and cac^'^ 
 
2C 
 
 IH 
 
 JS 
 
 lO 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXU. 
 
 * A saee in abundance. Subsoil, day and white clay ; classes t 
 : ud 4^ Moose Jaw Creek, which is irom 15 to 20 linRs wide, 3 to 
 « feet' deep good <mrrent, banks from 6 to 15 feet high, but ye^ 
 muddy cfosL Section 18 twice and Section 24 five times.- H. B. 
 
 ^''lr4Sm.-This township is level and gentlyrolling 
 
 -orairie with a little sand and all heavy clay subsoil ; class I in 
 
 Juaity.Txcept in some places. The south-west branch of Moose 
 
 ?aw Creek crosses, in a northerly direction, between the fifth and 
 
 ixOi tTers of western sections. There is some wood along the 
 
 creek composed of ash, cherry, poplar and willow, all of small 
 
 d^eusTons, and good only for'fuel and fences. The east branch 
 
 orMoose Jaw cLk runs across the north-west qaarter of the 
 
 township. Good larraing \&iid.— Dumais and Michaud, 18»d. 
 
 D^//i«5 -North-level prairie. The north-west half of Section 
 
 ?risln the valley of the Moose Jaw. Soil is a heavy clay ; 
 
 clU 1 A coulee, 17 chains wide, crosses north-east half of Sec- 
 
 tTn k. A deep slough was crossed in Section 86. Water scarce ; 
 
 ^^^ 'm W istvdpJafrf;. Sections 6, t..l8 aiid 19 have hay 
 flats from two to ten inches of water on their surface, clay sub- 
 til SaTs 4 The remaining sections are dry with a clay subsoil ; 
 ai; 3. Moose Jaw Creek crosses Sections 30 and 31 ; its banks a^-e 
 *>•» feet hiffh and the stream Irom five to six teet deep, ^o 
 IdmCr The e^st is rolling prairie, with several scattered 
 
 m«shes and low lunds ?oil, cfay loam, with a^dark clay sub- 
 «oil- classes 2 and U. A dry watercourse crosses the line lour 
 Ses in the south east half of Section 1. Fair farming land.- 
 
 ^^^S:;S;.-L^vel prairie, traveled diagonally by Moose 
 Jaw Creek in a norih-west direction. The cieek is Kere from a 
 chL tc a chain and a halt wide. No wood exists except brush- 
 tZ a on| the creek. So,l, a clay loam, twelve inches to sixteen 
 Ss deep, with very rich black clay subsoil; first class.-F. 
 
 Vincent, 1882. " , . • i i 
 
 Outlines -On all the boundaries, this township is very level, 
 ^ ha very heavy clay soil ; no timber whatever, not even willow 
 rrub a few sloughs. Very little meadow land; vegetation 
 ihort owingl the Lrdness o? the clay soil. The land is class 1 
 
 *^i:.^-SJ^L-I^:el' p'airi^^ part undulating. No wcK,d^ 
 Vater obtainable everywhere. Soil, twelve inches to fourteen 
 Sches deep, with black clay subsoil ; first class.-F. Vtncent, 
 
 1882. , 1 a -1 
 
 0«f/t/.es -North-nndulating prairie; very hummocky Soil 
 Wt^ clay class 1. A ravine, with a dry creek, passes through 
 TheYor^h-L'st half of Section 86. Good land for gram growmg.- 
 
 ^ ^ThewlTi^nd east sides are very level, very heavy clay soWL 
 -_ ... ^ t--^ rirf e-^ev -wninw Kcmb. There are a few 
 
IT. 
 
 18. 
 
 19. 
 
 Townships V/est of Second Ivitiul Mertdiv.n. — Raiigc XXil. 2^1. 
 
 sloug'hs. Very little meadow land ; vegetation short, owing to 
 the hardness of the clay soil and dryness of the season. The land 
 IS class 1 throughout.— Z,. Bolton, 18-2. 
 
 Suh-divinon. — The surface of this township is slightly un- 
 dulating-. The soil is clay loam, on a clay subsoil Very few 
 marshes. Class 1 throughout.—/. L Reid, 1883. 
 
 Outlines —Undulating, huramocky prairie on all the boundaries- 
 Soil, hard clay ; class 2. A watercourse, with banks about 7 
 feet high, crosses th<i north-east half of Section 3">. Section 2* 
 is class 3. A large ravine crosses Section I ; it is a little gravelly 
 and stony. Another smaller ravine cro:.ses Section 24. The 
 C P. K. crosses ; there is a station located about the centre of 
 
 the township. The land is well suited for grain "rowino- W 
 
 Pearce,\^%\. & o o • 
 
 Sub-division — Level, humraocky prairie, having no timber of 
 any kind. "Water, very good. Limestone rock was observed in 
 thi3 channel of Cottonwood Creek. Soil, clay, with a small admix- 
 ture of sand, 2 feet to 3 ieet deep, with a clay loam subsoil ; 
 generally first class The C. P. R. crosses the township along the 
 north of the first tier of southerly sections, with the station of 
 Pense two miles east of the west boundary, — H. Kerr, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— On the boundaries the surface is undulating prairie, 
 and the soil, in the north, sand and clay loam ; classes 1 and 2! 
 This part is good farming land, but all is well adapted for grain, 
 growing. On the west and east the soil is a hard dry clay ; class 
 2. Sections 19 and 30 are gravelly; class 3. A cart trail to 
 Qu'Appelle crosses from Section 7 to Section 13. Another trail 
 crosses Section 8J. A large ravine, with banks 75 feet high, 
 gravelly and stony, crosses Sections 25 and 24. — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 Sub-division— Vndn\&ting prairie. Cottonwood Creek tra- 
 verses the township from south to north ; its water is good ; but 
 in August the channel was almost dry in many places. From 
 the northern boundary of Section 11 to the northern boundary of 
 the towiiship, numerous cotton-wood trees are standing, furnish- 
 ing good fuel. The high banks on either side of the creek are 
 covered with willow. Soil, a sandy loam, from 18 to 3') inches 
 deep, with sand loam subsoil ; first class—//. Ken\ 1882 
 
 OuUines.-Along all the boundaries the surface is undulating and 
 rollijig prairie. On +he north and west the soil is sandy, gravelly 
 and stony ; class 3. The north-east half of Sections 19 is clay 
 loam ; class I. The Qu'Appelle River crossis from Section 18 to 
 25 ; the banks on the north side are high and steep. On the east 
 there is some level prairie, and the soU is sandy and clay loam; 
 class 2. Section 24 is class 1. The north-east half ot Section 36 
 is occupied by a gravelly hill from 250 to 300 Ieet high. A large 
 Blough is in the central portion of Section 25. There'is fair farm- 
 ing land in some localities — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 ^ Sub-division.— Rolling prairie. Along the banks of the 
 Qu'Appelle River, which crosses the township, are some small 
 islands of kttirII nnn^ ■" , . . .- 
 
 1.6#* 
 
 >lar, .aspen, willow and brush. Some good 
 
228 Townships West of Second Initial Meridum. — Ran^e XXII. 
 
 hay lands exist along the river. Soil, generally stony, gravelly 
 and sandy along the slopes of the banks of the river, but else- 
 wh(ire good, and some 8 or 4 inches deep ; chiefly first class, but 
 some second, third and fo.urth. — /. W. ly Amours, 1882. 
 
 20. Outlines.— The north is high, dry, open, rolling prairie ; several 
 grass marshes. Soil, sandy and gravelly loams, vsrith sand and 
 clay subsoils; classes 2 and 3. Sections 31, 32 and 33 are stony 
 on the ridges. A grass meadow and watercourse crosses Sections 
 84, 33, 32 and 31 ; dry in August. Section 3 1 is greatly broken by 
 hills, ponds and marshes, in the vicinity of A.rm Rirer. A cart 
 trail to Long Lake crosses the north-west half of this section. — 
 W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 The west is prairie, with a succession of small knolls. Soil, 
 gravelly and stony ; class 8. The east is rolling prairie, a little 
 stony in places Soil, is a good sandy loam ; class 2. Section 1 
 is class 1 A cart trail crosses Section 36. Good farming land. 
 W. Pearce, 1H81. 
 
 Sub division. — Generally rolling prairie except on the sections 
 which are cut up by small lakes. These lakes are not very salt, 
 but slightly alkaline ; they are shallow, and their bottoms 
 muddy. No timber exists. Soil, generally good for agriculture, 
 but only from 2 to 5 inches deep, and mostly rather sandy and 
 stony ; first class. — /. W. D' Amours, 1882. 
 
 21. Outlines. — Crossed by Long or Last Mountain Lakes, which sub- 
 merges and breaks up the centre ot the township. The lake is 
 saline and the shores steep and about 100 feet high. The land on. 
 the north side of the lake is good and there is some poplar, but 
 south of the lake the soil is poor and sandy. Little Arm Creek 
 runs north-east to the lake, and is a fresh stream, with the only 
 poplar in this portion of the township growing along its banks. 
 The stream is about 15 feet wide and 18 inches deep with a 
 stony bottom and a dull current. The valley is from 60 to 
 80 feet deep, and from half to three quarters of a mile broad. — 
 /. F. Garden, 18M. 
 
 Sub-division. I.(evel prairie in the south portion, but hilly 
 and rolling near Long Lake. Little Arm River, which is rather 
 salt, falls into the lake after passing through Sections 7, 8, 1*7 and 
 18, becoming gradually larger as it nears the lake. No timber 
 occurs, except on the hills surrounding the lake, these being 
 covered with small islands of ^'ery young poplar. Soil, about 
 inches deep, with sand and gravel subsoils ; second class. — 
 Dvpuis and DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 Note. — The above remarks r'jfer solely to the portion of the township south of Long Lako. 
 
 22. Outlines.— The eastern portion of the north boundary is open, 
 rolling, prairie, and can only be considered third class, owing to 
 alkali flats and ponds. Westwards, the land is rolling, with 
 numerous clumps of small poplar. The soil is a clay loam, with 
 some scattered stones and gravel ridges ; the quality being second 
 class. The west is open, rolling prairie land. The soil is a 
 clay loam, with the exception of some gravelly ridges, which. 
 
lowmhips West of Second Initial Meridian.-IUinge XXII. 229^- 
 
 hviV T? ^"^^ '°"^"#' ^^*^ ^"^ P^^^es along the north it is a Ste 
 ^J^epttmber). This is a fair township for farming.-/, k Gardet 
 
 class"y"'"Ti;Jre"arra"'r^^ " 'f^^ P/^^"^' Soil, first 
 Dupui},im: ^ ^""^ P°P^^'' ^^'^ willows-Z. a 
 
 23. Ow^/mes.— An alkaline flat and pond in thP Rnnfli oaof rnu 
 
 1881. ^"^"""O'^y ™lo pemaaeat water.-/, i?. Gorrfe». 
 
 of aSfs «S,Tf''T.*'"^*'P ■'' P"'"S '""d. and the soil is 
 
 X f'g«;:L,?88i "'^ """ """^^ ^ '■"' f'^'-e '--'^^'y-- 
 
 sandysubsoil^S cZ.1h LbI 1882 "'°'"' '^''''' '''"^ 
 
 2S. Oa««<,j.-North-this line consists of three miles anW th. 
 remainder is in an Indian Reserve. Hi "h roS Z7'uJS 
 
 the w^st h^lf P^r?' r' n^^^^ ^^ "^"^^^^«d i^ ^^ Indian Reserve ; 
 *m iU trL^ n T \u '^"/°" P'^"'^^' ^^*^ *^« exception of a 
 and 6 The su^L'^-'^'^^lfV^^f""^' ^"^^"'.^ P^^t of Sections t 
 wUh slol^s SsmT/'f ^'"^'''' f Pr^'^^y towards the south. 
 Kws No t mh!^? • f ^^l' P°l'^''*^^^^ with hills and 
 
 mavT^nhf .?» fV ''''t '*! Y;*^'" *^^ township, but a good supply 
 witl chv Si/^"^" ^'''' Moimtain. Soil, 2 to 12 inches d^eep^ 
 vvim Clay, reti sand or CTavelsnh.«r.il- n-enf^riH" -ar--* i •*' 
 lirst and third ciasa.-i.:. ««../; laco =>^««^a"y -ecund, witasoma 
 
 lirst and third class.— ^\ jBa^ 
 
 e<^, 1882. 
 
ti 
 
 '^1 
 
 280 ,. ' Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XXII. 
 
 26. Outlines. — North — lane! i8 high, broken and rolling, with slougha 
 in the hollows, and gravel and stone on some of the ridges. The^ 
 soil is clay loam and loam and gravel, with, in most cases, a clay 
 . subsoil, and is classed second rate. West — high, rolling and 
 open prairie, with sloughs and open ponds. ISome stone and 
 gravel. Soil, principally a good clay loam, with a clay subsoil ;. 
 class 2. Section 80 is cla«s 1 — /, F. Garden, 1882. 
 
 Snb-division. — The whole of the west half consists of rolling- 
 prairie, with the exception of a small tract in the south-west 
 corner. The surface is very much broken, especially towards the 
 south, with sloughs and small ponds, alternating with hills and 
 hollows Land, chieJiy fcecond class, and better adapted to 
 grazing than farming purposes. No timber in this township, but 
 to the east, on Last Mountain, there is abundance. The east hall" 
 is occupied as a reserve for Indians. — C. E. Fitton, 188-. 
 
 iS7. Outlines. — Going east, along the north end, a poor tract of country- 
 is crossed, there being a nu.mber of largo alkali ponds, sloughs 
 and flats. The soil is an alkaline clay, with occasional stretches 
 of loam and gravel, and is third class, except the last mile, which 
 is second. The surface is either rolling or undulating, open 
 prairie. Going south, on the west boundary, the country is, 
 for two miles, even, open prairie, with good clay loam soil. The 
 land then becomes more uneven, with sloughs and ponds in the 
 hollows. Soil, clay loam ; class 2. On the east, there is rolling 
 prairie, with a number of sloughs and a second class, sandy loam 
 soil, with some gravel and stones in the south. — /. iF. Garden, 1882. 
 Sub-division. — ^This township is all open, rolling prairie, with 
 numerous small sloughs, most of which are dry. The sloughs in 
 the northern part are all alkali; and in Sections 30, 31 and 82 two 
 alkali lakes occur ; the one in Section 32 is small, but the other 
 is of some size, extending south across Section 31, part of Section 
 80, and north some distance into the next township The .soil, for 
 the most part, is a sandy loam, with nx^merous gravelly knolls of 
 large size, and would rate class 2. The soil in Sci tions 30, 31, 32 
 and 33 is nearly all class 3, those sections having large alkali Hats 
 in them.— a E Fitton, 1888. 
 
 368j Outlines. — North — rolling, open prairie, with grass marshes at 
 intervals of about 10 chain.s. Soctious 34. 33, 32 and 31 are an 
 alkaline and salt plain. Soil, clay loam and clay suhsoil ; class 3 
 throughout.— ir. T. Tlumpsou, 1881. 
 
 On the we.st — there are numerous alkaline flats and ponds. 
 In the second mile, Devil Creek was ciossod, the laud bordering it 
 being belter than that on the other side of the t()\vn.ship. The 
 soil in the northern half is third class, ])eing eiiher a soft clay or 
 sandy loam. For the remaining portion of the liae the .surface is- 
 .3ven, open prairie, with but li-vv bloughs and iii>t cla.ss clay loam 
 soil. Going southward for three miles on the east boundary the 
 country is open and undulating, with largv' jHiuds .md low a'kalt 
 beds. Devil Creek is crossed in the second mile. This is a large 
 stream, about 12 leel wide and 2 icet deep, vvitu a steady current 
 
439. 
 
 T'^enships West of Second IniHal Meridian.^B^nge XXII. 28l>(j. 
 
 ?3 7tzio'i'i^i^':^:^:^i 's^f ^\ ^^y- «^^« of it 
 
 fourth class, beino- pH„cTmi ! T .f , The and « from third to 
 southward the land i? Wh^: „ J n' '^ ^""^^"^^ ^^^J^- F^om thi» 
 to the east, but u di h f. n ' '^'^^'''^ i''^""" '^^^uff the line and 
 
 ridges ;\las/i j;;»p^ '^^^^^^^^^^^ the knolls and 
 
 Sub-division. — This townslii"i-. 7^ „ii 
 the exception of the eLre^v r.i f ''^'^" ^'''''"^ ^«<i' with 
 The westerly part mav hTwIll f ' "^l T'"o"«. is nearly level, 
 islands 01 g^odTand^trL^XrYt ^«^^^lkali flat, with 
 28, 29 32 %^ ,n^ Q • I ^^'^^^^ ^"^^^-^ "1^ Sections 6, 18 20 
 
 alkali.' Devil Srecl\Cs inTT"? t'^S""'^ ^" «^ ^'^^'^ -e 
 township: itl^:'tn::i^::i^^%^(:?^^-^^ou^ the 
 links deep, with a soft m,id KnTf "'^^ ^'^"^ '^ ^^^^t 3 
 
 Another ..{•^ek (dry in 4tus^f ent^ ^ n %r"'''"/ "^T'^ '^""^Sish. 
 12 and, runnino- in a S ^ ^'^^''' *1? *^® ^^^^ side in Sectioa 
 
 Devil Creek X^uttLeceTte of ttr^'^'r^'^^V ?^^«^*'o°' J^^^ 
 appearance of the land a eat nn?i "^^ p^T" ^^^-^^^« ^"''o^ t^« 
 west was undeiwaterTn'fhf ^^^''''' °/ '^'' ^*^"tre and south- 
 
 thetownsh^^tUJe'te'se'e'ra S {^^^^r'^T^.?^^,* «^ 
 classes 3 and 4. Sections 7 17 i^ 2 '°' '^ ''^^^^i ^'W; 
 a A\ F.7^.;^, 1883 ' ^' ^ """^ ^- ^"« ^^out the best.- 
 
 30 
 
 31. 
 
 prarie, wilh .rissv mir.,1,1 o i j *, ""'''^ ="'■' midulatinir 
 ««t 3? mile/tlrCci' f 5„,f;^;ff;:;^'' '""^ ■ «'- \ Po^ thf 
 ajid Humorous marshes and n,, 111 „ f f ' \ '"?" "'»'"'« fl""* 
 xnd 8. land in m-tL „u' . I'ra'jkish water ; classes 2 
 
 East-go ;^ no t", the first'^ S ,?i V™'"'' ''"^ ^""-"^ "»««• 
 sion. Next 1> n ili ,',„ ?ii ' '" '".'" " ""e'^^s saline depres- 
 
 water. So 1 -lav lo ' h >1 T' r'' T,!'*" ^""'" P°"d« of fresi, 
 
 .r,s su^:?/s-rs:i 'h lo U/.u ■,:^r:3t^' -" ^'^^ -^ 
 
 /. rra,«<„-, 1883 ' '^ ® ""' ™'''°''' : '=''"'«''« IJ to 2.— 
 
 14 iL" et Zrorsa'^S'^f /''P,^'*,'"- ,«''"• fr""" iO t<J 
 w (■ )i- ^^1'' on Sana ana clay subsoils- cli<5se<j i anA o 
 
 A small lake is si uaied ni gectb, "a ,d r , '"." '''"" ' ."'^^ 4 
 for farmiug.-A C. TaliT,. 1883 '^^ ^°°"' ^"'^ S^o^ 
 
i83 Totonships West of Second Initial Median,— Range XXII. 
 
 JK8. Outlines. — North — rolling prairie, with poplar and willow bluffs, 
 sand hills and numerous marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with a clay 
 subsoil ; classes as follows : Section 35, class 1 ; Sections 30, 34, 
 88, 82, class "^ ; Section 81, class 3. Wolverine Creek crosses, 
 water good. A large lake is situated in Section 31. — T. Drum- 
 mond, 1888. 
 
 West — rolling and level open prairie, with numerous marshes. 
 Soil, from 12 to 16 inches in depth, with a grey sand and clay 
 subsoils ; classes 1 and 2. A creek crosses Section 30, flowing 
 east ; it is 18 inches deep; ?low CMTTAr.L. East — rolling prairie, 
 with young poplar and ■> . ; .' bluffs. Water was found in every 
 bluiF. Soil, from 4 to 16 if .. deep, on a sand and clay, also 
 yellow clay, subsoils ; class a. Large-oized lakes are situated ia 
 Sections 24 and 1. Fair farming land.— vl. C. Talhot, 1883. 
 
 85. Outlines. — West — rolling and level, open prairie, with numerous 
 marshes. Soil, from 4 to 6 inches in depth, on a grey sand sub- 
 soil ; class 2. A small creek, with alkaline water and slow current, 
 flows through Section 31 ; it crosses the line six times. A cart trail 
 also crosses this section. East — rolling prairie, with bluffs of 
 poplar and willow, 8 iv (! inches in diameter. Water in some of 
 the bluffs. Subsoil, clay, grey sand and sandy clay ; class 2. A 
 small creek, 16 feet wide, 1 foot deep, no current, and a cart trail 
 to Prince Albert cross Section 24. The cart trail from Touchwood 
 Hills to Prince Albert, and the telegraph line, cross through Sec- 
 tion 86.— il. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 84. Outlines. — West — rolling, open prairie, with many marshes. A 
 creek, 9 feet wide, 9 inches deep, slow current and good water, 
 crosses Section 31. Fast — rolling prairie, with poplar and 
 willow bluffs ; poplar, from 2 to 10 inches in diameter. Some 
 water in the bluffs. Soil, on both lines, from 4 to 6 inches deep, 
 on a sand and clay subsoils ; class 2. — A. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 ^S Outlines. — West — rolling to level prairie, some parts are gravelly ; 
 a few marshes. East — rolling prairie, covered with poplar and 
 willow bluffs, from 6 to 12 inches in diameter. Water in nearly 
 every bluff. Soil, 6 to '^ inches deep, on a sand and sandy clay 
 subsoils ; class 2 on this line, and 2 and 3 on the west line.— il. C. 
 Talbot, 1883. 
 
 86. Outlines. — North — rolling land, with thick poplar bluffs, from 2 to 
 8 inches in diameter. ;-oil, black and sandy loams, with gravel 
 and clay subsoils; classes 1 and 2. Sections 31 and 32 are sub- 
 merged by a large lake. A small creek crosses Section 33. — T. 
 Drummond, 1883. 
 
 West — rolling prairie, with numerous bluffs. Subsoil, clay, 
 yellow clay, sand and gravel ; class 2. A creek, 10 feet wide, 6 
 inches deep, with good water, flows east through Section 30. An 
 old cart trail, and the ti ail from Touchwood Hills to Prince Albert, 
 and the telegraph line (n-oss Section 18. East — rolling prairie, 
 covered with willow and poplar of 5 to 7 inches in diameter ; 
 water in the bluffs. Soil, 5 to 6 inches deep, on clay and sandy 
 clay subsoils ; class 2. A small lake in Section 86. — A. C. Talbot^ 
 1883. 
 
nvmship, We,t 0/ Second Initial Meridian-Ranffe XXII. 
 
 ^ilh^^iZlVL ^l.r'-™"-S..to le.el 
 
 288 "^(J 
 
 yoxinir nonl«r Tk" "■' ^% P^^^^^^' ^^^^ covered 
 
 2;acKek/oreearthm„ll?v,'^'°'''i."='««ll- Section 13 is chaa 
 ^ deep; water Jo^r-Arttim'™' '"""'"'' '^ ^^ '"«''- 
 
 Sections 19, 80 and 81 it «ii wll it ^*^, '"'"' "^ situated in 
 and two-thirds in SeJtilT eHg? fi" "X'Z "'?,■""'' "»• "' 
 
 t^s line and cJCtirtreti^'J. ^^^tlUl™ ^- 
 
 • ^^fS:ziz:;!:^^x:^:^^}y co.e.d wit. 
 
 or creeks ranninir into a Iii-™ i^Jit ""*°?''et,<>f several streams 
 into the lake, the^l^d is SerX w" ^»'?''«"' Lake and also 
 
 for farming i-nrposes, bntis weU adinted fer'^" ""'' '^'^- ""«' 
 small number of Sections vii . ,o ■? ,^^"^'"E P»''P'ses. A 
 
 class 1, and suitable for farming Th ' ' '."'.l' '^' ''*■ "• '« a^s 
 
 ship is loam and clay"s„!iro^n sj^'tl '^fu^^X ""' '^T" 
 
 township adjoining tfireTd' tZtT^ ^1^''^'' 
 
 **''ell"1"'\lfCti:t;t'l.T"' """^ f P^P'- -<! willow; 
 l^e.-^. Z ZS ^9 °"™' "•* ^b'-'erged by Waterhen 
 
 with1rtSg?o"th o?tpl-?'? *°",f ""i^ ^^-""^ — d 
 well adapted fo^I.ttVmem'^Th" ^'''T' '"',' '''• """rtbeless, 
 dark loai of an avag^ depth ^ftwl-! t T'' 1.?'"^' ^'"g » 
 "Oil, and being adjacent to Wat^rl!rr "'''"'i' "''"> a clay sub- 
 »^shes, is ai,r/ d^^iirXt^^Sairil! TctX^ 
 
 adapted for settk.m"t-5!^'i to/i'sfg ''''""■ "''='' *"'" • "eU 
 
 A. L. Rvs^ell, ml. ^ '' ''"'' """-shes. Class 1 thr.,uglioat._ 
 
 Sub-division and Ouifinpv _ T>iic +^ i.- • „ 
 principally prairie • inVrrVn?. J fu ^'^'^'^'^'P ^^ fmctioiia], and 
 The soil iJSl ad'anfedT '"^^ ^u^'^""' ^"^ ^^^l^^^ ^^^ mps 
 rich clay loam yeverV't W^T' ^'T^' ^'^^ ^^e most part^a 
 
 suitable for builduio- or fpnrmo^ k' i L ^^^"^ity oi timber 
 cf the settlers that ^^ ^^ly^^^^^^^^^ ^t Tal'l 
 
 46 
 
' 
 
 III i 
 
 j84 Townxhips West ol Second Initial Meridian. — Rangt XXII. 
 
 is generally undulating, and is well wa^^^ered by lakes and Panona 
 Creek, which runs across north part. — E. C. Caddy, 1883. 
 
 i^^. Svh-divmon and Outlines,— The township is generally covered 
 i with a thick growth of grey willow and small poplar, and is very 
 much cut up with lakes and ponds, which might be drained off 
 at a moderate expense, but at present it is hardly fit tor settle- 
 ment. The soil is generally a rich loam, with a clay subsoil. 
 There is very little timber lit for fencing, as all the poplar is of 
 small dimensions. The water in the lakes is generally bad, coa- 
 taining a quantity of alkali. Good grazing township.— iS. C. 
 Caddy, 1884. 
 
 48. OM//mcs.— North — rolling land ; sand subsoil, covered with an. 
 alluvial coating of from 8 to 4 inches ; poplar and brush ; classes 2 
 to 3. Saskatchewan River (south branch) crosses the line in. 
 Sections 84 and 36.— J/ D. Ellis, 1882 
 
 Subdivision and Outlines.- -This township is covered with a 
 heavy growth of grey willow and young poplar, and although, 
 land is of a good quality, there is very little at present available 
 for agricultural purposes, owing to the dense willow and great 
 number of lakes, ponds and marshes It is, however, well 
 adapted for grazing or dairy purposes, and its near proximity to 
 the Prince Albert settlement and village will make it valuableat 
 no distant day. — E. C. Caddy, 1883. 
 
 49. Sub-division and Outlines.— The part of this township lying to 
 the north of the north branch of the Saskatchewan River, is not 
 fit lor agricultural purposes, being very much broken with ponds 
 and swamps. This side is in general only covered with pitch or 
 jack pine, only fit for fuel. The portion of the township situated 
 between the two branches of the .Saskatchewan, is mostly land of 
 a good quality, in some cases, a light loam ; but being situated 
 near wood and the iwo streams is a very desirable place for set- 
 tlers. There are several settlers already located near the forks of 
 the rivers, and when any land is cultivated it seems to bear 
 superior crops. Thore is a certain amount of open land, but in 
 general it is covered with a growth of grey willow and small, 
 poplar. — E C. Caddy, 1883. 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 RANaK XXIII. 
 
 ©. Outlinex. — North and west — rolling prairie, with a tow marshes. 
 Soil, 6 to 8 inches deep on a clay subsoil; class 2. Two thirds 
 of the line on Section 30 and one-third on IH are covered by a 
 large marsh, water fresh, and one foot deep.— J. K. McLean, 1882_ 
 
 The east is high and undulating prairie ; si^veral lar^e; 
 marshes were crossed Soil, 6 inches deep on a clay subsoil - 
 classes 2 and 3 — J. J. Mc Arthur, 1882. 
 
 South — hilly ; soil good, but elevations gravelly Best, 
 adapted for grazing. Water abundant and fresh. — O. J. Klotx^ 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is all in the Dirt Hills, and is 
 very high and broken. There is a level clay Hit running froiOL 
 the north-west corner in a south-easterly and easterly direotion. 
 from one to two miles wide. The soil is a shallow, sandy and. 
 clay loam, and heavy gravelly clay, with clay subsoil ; on th© 
 hills it is mixed with gravel and stones ; classes 2 and 3. Noh 
 creeks. There are numerous swamps and ponds, most of whicin 
 are good water. Vegetation is light, and in some places wildEl 
 sage grows The greater part is only fit for grazing. There is na» 
 timber. There is a great quantity of water fowl, other game: 
 scarce.— T. B. Gilliland, 1883. 
 
 10. Outlines. — North and west —rolling, broken and slightly hilly^ 
 prairie, a considerable number of marshes and ponds, some of thes. 
 latter are alkaline. Soil, 8 to 10 inches deep on a clay sub- 
 soil ; classes 2 and 3 on the west, au4 3 on the north. A larga 
 grass marsh in Section 18. — /. K, McLean, 1882. 
 
 East — rolling to level prairie, numerous marshes. Soil, S 
 to 8 inches deep on a clay subsoil; classes 2 and 8. — J.J Mc- 
 Arthur, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — This tovrnship is all in the Dirt Hills, and is. 
 very hilly and broken, except a small portion of the north-eaftfc. 
 corner which is level. The soil is principally gravelly clay, and. 
 ia some places sandy and clay loains, with hard clay subsoil j 
 considerable surface stone ; classes 2 and 3. There are a greai:. 
 number of ponds and swamps, generally poor water, and but tu 
 small quantity of hay in proportion to the amount of swamp. 
 Vegetation rather light, but it is evident that it would be some^ 
 what better in favorable seasons. It is unfit for cultivation, bat 
 would be suitable for grazing. No timber whatever. There ia & 
 great quantity of water fowl, but other game is scarce ; this lia». 
 been a favorite camping ground of the Indians. — T. B. Gillilazid^ 
 1883. 
 
 11. Outlines. — North -rolling prairie. Soil, 12 to 14 inches deep, on. 
 ^ ^ a clay subsoil ; class 1. Section 36 is classes 2 and 3. A ra^;iiiew 
 
if i : 
 
 jfha Ibwnshipa West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXIII. 
 
 60 feet deep, with a small creek about 8 or 9 feet -wide, crosses 
 flections 85 and 84, and another ravine, with a rivnlet, crosses 
 Section 88. West— rolling, broken and hilly, with numerous 
 grass ponds. Soil, 6 to 10 inches deep, on a clay subsoU ; classes 
 2 and 3. East — rolling and level prairie. A grass pond on 
 Section 1 was the only one seen. Soil, 18 inches di'op, on a clay- 
 subsoil ; class 1.^ A ravine, 30 feet deep, with a small creek, crosses 
 Section 36. Eidges, from 40 to 50 feet high, were crossed in 
 Sections 24 and 18. Good farming land.— J. K. McLean, 1882. 
 
 Sub-diviaion. — This township is undulating, with somo 
 broken, rolling prairie in the south-west corner. The soil is 
 classes 2 and 3. The east half is good for farming, but the west 
 half is swampy, hilly and gravelly, and good only for grazing 
 purposes. No wood whatever. — Duviais and Michaud, 18b8. 
 
 "3.9. Outlines. — The north is level r undulating prairie, with a claV 
 loam soil and aome sandy loam. The line is crossed by a creeK 
 flowing north near the eastern limit of Section 34 and by another 
 about ij miles further west. No wood.— /l. C Webb, 18«1. 
 
 West — rolling to slightly rolling prairie. Ridges are from 26 
 to 80 feet 1 igh. >oil, 8 to 12 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 
 2. Sections 6 and 7 are class 1. Small creeks cross Sections 80, 
 19, 18 and 7. Fair farming land. East — rolling and open, 
 level prairie ; a few grass marshes. Soil, from 10 to 12 inches 
 deep, on sand, clay and gravel subsoils ; Sections 24, 25, 13 and 12 
 are class 1, the remaining two are class 2. Ridges, from 30 to 60 
 feet high, wt^rc crossed on Sections 36, 25 and 12. The valley of 
 a branch of Moose Jaw Creek, with banks 100 feet high and 
 scattered poplar and ash, occupies parts of Sections 18, 25 and 36. 
 The stream in 13 is 15 links wide and crosses the line six times. 
 A large grass marsh, with banks from 30 to 40 feet high, crosses 
 the central portion of Section i2. Section 1 is a level, alkali 
 ilat.— /. A'. McLean, 1882. 
 
 Svh-itivisum. — Level and rolling prairie, with a sandy and 
 rlay loam soil ; class 1. Good tarming land. Some wood ia 
 gullies, good only for fuel. — Dumais and Mirhaud, 1883. 
 
 3tf. Outlines. — Along thtuiorth the land is low lying, with a great deal 
 
 of water > i the surface. First clats hay on the wet flats ; class 3. 
 
 "West — roiling prairie, with a lew small marshes. Soil, sand and 
 
 •day loams, with clay and san'i subfsoils ; class 3. Dry water- 
 
 •jourscs cross ^'ectioa8 1 and 19. A small creek crosses Section 18. 
 
 No wood. East — rolling and level prairie. Several hay marshes 
 
 > "2tnd low, wet lands were crossed. CJoil, clay loam, with a clay 
 
 csubsoil ; classes 3 and 4. —H. B. Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The south part of this township is gontly- 
 jolling and level prairie. The north-east corner is heavy clay -Mid 
 "wet land, which is covered with water from G to 12 inches during 
 ■the springpoason, but no water was seen at the time of survey. A 
 new trail crosses Sections 2 and 1 from Wood Mountain to Regina. 
 Ho wood in this township, but Rom«» in the west part of the adioin- 
 ing one, along the banks of the creek. There are a few small, dry 
 
 I 
 
Townships West nr Second hufUl Mf.ridian.—Ranfre XXIII. 2, 
 
 creeks in the south and north-westerly parts of this township, 
 boil, heavy clay throughout ; cIp.ss 1. Good land for agricultural 
 purposes —D/iwiai.s- and Michaud, 1H83. 
 
 .14. OuZ/twes— West— all the sections on this lino are in a low, wet 
 flat ; Water in places from 2 to 10 inches deep. Suh.soil, clay and 
 blue clay ; classes :^ and 4. East- level prairie. Sections 1, 12, 18 
 and 24 are hay Hats, having from 2 to 10 inches of water on the sur- 
 face, the above sections h..ve a clay subsoil; class 4. The remain- 
 ing sections are dry, with a clay subsoil ; class 3. Moose Jaw 
 Creek crosses Sections 2"^ and £6 ; 6 to 6 feet deep. No timber.— 
 JJ. B. Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— LoYiil prairie, with a few swamps (all dry in 
 September), no doubt furnishing plenty of water during spring 
 ana early summer. Good fresh water was obtained in any of the 
 dry sloughs by digging a few feet down. No wood whatever. 
 Soil, in the south part, hard, blue clay ; third class, in the north 
 part, a vtry rich, black loam, on a clay subsoil ; first class.— 21 
 Vincent, 1882. 
 
 15, Outlines.— Yery level ; very heavy clay soil ; no timber whatever ; 
 a few sloughs, but no streams of any account except Moose Jaw 
 Creek, which traverses this township. Very little meadow land. 
 Vegetation short, owing to the dryness of the season. The land 
 18 class 1 throughout.— L. Bo/ on, 1882. 
 
 S?ib-diviston.—[]nd\x\&ting prairie; heavy clay loam, with 
 clay subsoil. Moose Jaw Creek, in which the water is excellent^ 
 crosses the township. — /. L. Rtid, 1883. 
 
 Outlines.— North— undulating prairie ; very hummocky. Soil, 
 heavy clay ; class 1. Good farming land, well suited for grain. 
 — W. Pearce, 1881. o . a 
 
 East, west and south— very level ; very heavy clay soil ; no 
 wood ; a few sloughs, and not much meadow land. Vegetation 
 18 short, but the land may be rated class 1 throughout.— L. Bolton^ 
 1882. 
 
 SM6-rf«i;i.s7\;:e.— Undulating prairie. Soil, clay loam, with claT 
 subsoil ; class 1 throughout.—/. L. Reid, 1883. 
 
 OM^/mes.—North— undulating prairie. Soil, hard, dry clay; 
 classes 2 and 3. Section 33, north-east half, and Section 34, north- 
 west half, are gravelly; class 3. West— undulating prairie. 
 Soil, hard, dry clay ; class 2. A cart trail to Qu'Appelle crosses 
 Sections 31 and 32. Good firming land. East— undulatiuj 
 
 "9- 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 1 r» 
 
 aummocky prairie. Soil, hard, dry clay ; class 2 The C 
 
 crosses and a station is located in this township. Land suitable 
 for gram growing. No wood.— IF. Pearce, 1881, 
 
 Sub-<nvision —Level, dry prairie, in some parts hummocky. 
 Good water. No timber Soil, a heavy clay of excellent quality 
 for wheat growing, 60 inches deep and more, with clay s-absoil ; 
 first class. The (J. P. R. crosses the township. Belle Plaine 
 Station in south-west corner.--//. Kerr, 1882. 
 
 Outlinea.—kil undulating prairie. On the north the soil is sandy 
 loam ; some parts are gravelly ; classes 1 and 2 ; part ol Section 81 
 
1». 
 
 so. 
 
 «« T wfi %{p^ Wifur <|A Sfrv)^^ /»»»'i/f/ Mertdian.—Hanprt XXIII- 
 
 l)oiiig cliisH 3. A cnvk (dry whou Murvoytul) crosflos SocUon 3fL 
 X»fo wood ; watiT wc-iino. On the woMt and oust tho 8oil iit hard, 
 dry clay. Sfctiou tJ and tho lu.rth-west half of Sootion 81 arff 
 *las8 2, Iho r.mniiiinir sections iirc slony and j^ravolly; class 8. A 
 lake, about !» chainN wido, is hitiiatud in f lu«. south-wi'st half oC 
 {j?«.'iti<)u HI. Thi.s liiko was tho only wator crossed on the west. 
 iNo wood. Til'' tMust is i^wHH 2. (tuicpt Sections 24 and 26, whick 
 arc gnivolly and diiss 8 — [V. l\'(irre, 1H81. 
 
 Sv e/iiHstim — llndulafinur piairio. No tiuihcr, cxct'pting ft 
 few yo j; popl.ir, alvmt 2 in -hcs in diam(>tcr, in th(( norlh-east 
 part oKScotion lV.\. Wator is good. Soil, « to 12 inches d-H'p, of 
 very good quality, with a sandy loam subsoil ; lirst class'. — 
 //. Kerr, lb82. 
 
 Oulh'nes —XW tho boundarios woro surveyed over imdiilatiu^ 
 prairie, with a sandy loam soil, gravelly amUtony in manv places, 
 and rating class 8, .except 8ectiouf 2t and 18, which have a good 
 clay loam soil ; class 1. Section 3« is lull of small knolls. Tho 
 Qu'Appelle liiver crosses the centre ol the township— east and 
 west—iuad'ep broad valley, with steep north banks and numbom 
 of connectiii'^ ravines — W. Peart e, 1>^H1. 
 
 Sub'diri.noH. — Undulating prairie. Qu'Appelle liiver flow» 
 eastward across the township ; its current is very swift and its 
 bottom muddy. It is from six feet to twenty leet di'op, and from 
 thirty feet to seventy feet wide. Its banks are jiartly covered 
 with wood, such as aspen, willow and ash. Soil, in general, 
 stony, sandy and gravelly, particularly along the banks of the 
 river, where it is rather too stony for agriculture Kates, by- 
 localities, from lirst down to third class. — /. W. D' Amours, 1882 
 
 Outlines. — North— high, open, rollijig prairie, with agreat number 
 of grass ponds and meadows at intervals. vSoil, gravelly loam, 
 with a clay subsoil; class 2. Section 36 is greatly broken by tho 
 Little Arm liiver, water 18 inches deep, gooil but brackish; 
 it Hows north-oast ; the banks of this river are 100 feet high and 
 the valley wide. This section is rated class 3. Water plentiful. 
 No wood. — W^. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 West and east— undulating prairie. Soil, sandy loam, 
 gravelly and stony; class 8. Section 81 is brokiMi by Arm liiver; 
 banks are high and steep, ard a valley occupies two-thirds of the 
 section. The east is prairie, with a succession of small knolls. 
 Two alkaline ponds are situated in S^ ctiou 25. No vvt/od and not 
 much surface v.'ater on either line. — W. Vearre, 1^81. 
 
 Sub-divist'nn. — Generally uiiflulating, o.KC(>pf in S(>ction8 26, 
 85. 27, 28. 32, 21». 80 and ;31, where the land is <onsiderably broken 
 by the banks of the Little Arm Kiver. The current of this 
 stream, which runs eastward, i.s not very swift ; its channel is 
 very crooked, and from 4) to GO links wide. The water is 
 fre.sh, ])ut not very good ; the bottom is generally shallow and 
 muddy. There is no timber whatever. ; oil, pretty good on all 
 tho sections not; cut up by the river ; but along its banks it is 
 rather too saudv. gravelly and stony ; first, secoiid and third class- 
 — /. W. D'Anwurs, 1S82. 
 
Ji^lip|jjuiji 
 
 Thwnshm WtU oj Sccvnd Initial Meridian- Range \\\\\. 289- 
 
 '• 0« /,«rv -East-IxM.jr Lako (snlino) .uLs ofl' tho northoagt corner. 
 Lrrr'V"l.'"''T*' "^ " '?' "' '^ ligl»t sandy d..scriptiou.ox4t 
 — J. I' Garden, 1881. ■' ^* 
 
 nnd ^JJ^r^'r'^' '-7 ^T'^'y- ^^*^' ^'«^^ "'^"^ly J^'^">' with a clay 
 an ffrav.lflubsoU: .lasH 2. A low small mur«ho8. Fair agn- 
 cultural lund— 7'. R. Jletoson, 1HH2. "^ 
 
 S«6-./i.;mV>w.-liollirc: prairio, with sovorallak.'s and ponds, 
 in tlio Houlh portion, all coutaininjr frosh watrr. Tlioro is no 
 timber, ox.opt «ome small wood upon th.^ hills bordorinjron Lon^ 
 Lake A fow «wamps. Soil. 8 or 9 in.^h.s doq,, with sau.l and 
 gravel subsoils; second and third i^hH^.-DuUer^rer and Dupuis, 
 
 a«. p;///mes -North-westward from the north-eant corner to Lonir 
 Lake, the country ,s ope)i, rollini? prairi.. land, with some slour-hs 
 and a «o, ran-inp. jy ^ ,^ ,„„^y ,^,^,„ ^^^.^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^ o . 
 
 noar tin- al:,.. hrst class. The banks of the lake are about 60 fe<3t 
 llish, an(l descend abruptly to the water's edffe. The width of 
 
 »k1 ? oV? "TV""" ?''/' ^^" ^^'- ^''^t «id*- <^»« h^nks are only' 
 about 20 fe.«t hiirh, and the adjoininir land is poor and very stony, 
 the suriace risinir to the west, and classes 3 to 4. The east is 
 open and ro lin^ Th.. soil is a clay loam, with the exception ol' 
 some gravelly ridges which intersect the good land, rating second 
 cass. A lew bushes, poplar, native maple and elin trees, occur ■ 
 along the valley ol Luui!; Lake. -./. F. (Jarden, 188 J 
 
 West-rolhng country. Soil, lioht sandy loam, with a cW' 
 and gravel subsoil , clu^s 2. No wood. Very little water.— T. it 
 Meivsun, 1882. * -»•. 
 
 tinb-divimm.—Thx^ township is broken by Long '.ake, whicfe 
 crosses it diagonally Irom south-east to north-west. The land ia 
 generally undulating prairie, except in the north-western part 
 ^vhereitis level and very stony. On the west side of the lake- 
 the soil is generally third class, but on the east side it is lirst 
 class, c-xcopt along the banks of the lake, where it is rather 
 graveJly and «tony. There is some timber along the lake, .aiieflv 
 oak and poplar. I he banks are from (JO to 100 feet hiirh-— 
 JJuherger and Dupnis, 1882. 
 
 .T2S. Outltnes.-l^oYth-oi,iin, undulating and rolling prairie. Roll, igr 
 a rich clay loam ; class 1. A ravine, with a creek, crosses Sectiou 
 *J4 ; there is an appoaraiun^ of gravel on this section. A ffreat 
 many marshes and wati>r holes ^^'ere met with. Long Lake comes 
 near y to feection 32 In (he .ouili-we.t the surface is open 
 and uiidulatiug, V. ah scaUered sLoaes. The soil, changes from a 
 loam to a sandy loam and stiff clay; second to fourth class, the 
 poorer laml :uljoinmg the lake. Some alkali beds occur in this 
 part iNo u ood. Most of the west half, however, is submerged 
 
 iLf^'i^I^^^^ t^^'""^^' *^*1 ^^oke^ ^y its valley which is at out 
 ^vv ..^. ueeu. iiiu ea*reru portion of the township is good 
 

 It y. 
 
 If • i> 
 ll j, :h 
 
 240 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXIII. 
 
 Sub-division.— Vr&irie, level in the south part and undulating 
 elsewhere. Soil, generally stony; third and fourth class. — 
 Dupuis and DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 24. OM^/iwes.— North- gently-undulating prairie, with a good sandy 
 loam soil, bui no wood.— £. B/-«?/, 1881. , , i 
 
 Bordered on the west by Long Lake (saline), and broken, 
 somewhat by its valley. The soil is lighter than farther south ; 
 but is, nevertheless, good agricultural clay loam land, it n^, 
 however, but little permanent water beyond the lake. -J. If. 
 
 Garden, 1881. • n t u 
 
 Sub-division.— "RoWm^ prairie, with many small sloughs, 
 generally containing good water in small quantity. Last Moun- 
 tain or Long Lake, which occupies part of the western sections, 
 is rather salt; but its water, when boiled, can be safely used. 
 No timber. Soil, from 2 to 6 inches deep, with a sandy or gj-avelly 
 subsoil ; chiefly second, with some first class.— I/. Leber, 18»4. 
 
 25. O'ym-wes.— The north is open prairie ; the east and west thirds 
 being rolling, and the central third uneven with ravines and 
 sloughs in them. The soil is various, some places being a dark 
 loam, and others a sandy loam ; but mostly a good second-class 
 clav loam. West— rolling open land, with stones on the ndgcs, 
 and but few sloughs. The soil is a light loam on a clay subsoil, 
 and rates about second class. The surface slopes gently towards 
 Long Lake. East-high rolling and open hilly land, much 
 broken by large sloughs, ponds and knolls. Soil, clay, grave and 
 marly clay loams ; class 2. A large deep slough m an alkali flat, 
 is sitiated in the central portion of Section 12.-/. F Garden, 1^2. 
 
 Sub-division.-There is a little second-class land scattered 
 through this township, but it consists chiefly of first-class farming 
 land. It is all open prairie, generally rolling, except in the north- 
 east corner, where it is somewhat hilly and broken, and rather 
 ffravellv. The western part slopes gradually in the direction ol 
 Long Lake, which is about two miles west of this township. 
 The?e are a few sloughs and ponds, chiefly m the eastern part. 
 There is no timber of any kind ; but on Last Mountain, about six 
 miles to the east, there is an abundance of fuel, and large poplar, 
 fit for building and other purposes.—^'. Bazett, 1882. 
 26. OMm-wes.-The north is rolling, open prairie with in some few 
 ^ , places, a small quantity of scattered stones, the soil being lar^e y 
 ^- of clay loam, of first-class quality. East-high, rolling, hilly 
 and open prairie, with sloughs and open ponds ; some stones and 
 gravel scattered about. Soil, principally a good clay loam, with 
 I clay subsoil; class 2. Section 25 is class 1. The elevations 
 range from 30 to 40 feet high.— J. F. Garden, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division— Open rolling prairie, having, in the western 
 portion a gentle slope towards the west, being the commencement 
 of the descent to Long Lake, some two miles distant. The eastern 
 portion is broken and hilly, the hollows being, as a rule, occupied 
 bv ponds or small lakes of clear fresh water. While it is not on 
 this account, so well suited for agriculture, it is admirably 
 
2T. 
 
 Tbtviishipt Weu of Second InUial Meridian. -Range XKllL 2U 
 
 ?w?*^^ ?!" S^^^3»^?' the hills and hollows beinff covered with * 
 thick and luxuriant ffrowth of trrias Nn h^k . ^^7,^ ^"^ * 
 in thp tniwncl^i,^ kr.+ J grass, jno timber whatever cxista 
 
 fine tr£;.^tXu\?:;^jSLlul"si>r£iL"4^e%s^ 
 
 lauf e2~„?t J?l''°"'''i''"T' "'' '" ^«' Mountain Lake. The 
 
 Soil bWk' Wm TK"^ "f "-I' ^"^^ ^"'' numerous sloughs. 
 fhe townKWp!"vhe fit sTssT^ '" ">" ^««' "^ 
 
 Tin. township is well suited for farming -Jf. /. cZbT^^ 
 **• °u'^r?— ■^.?'*-"'« '"'tern half of this line is in a level ODen 
 
 crepk 1 W ' ^^^P'.i^o^s south through Section 33 A saline 
 W^T. tX^oTiIsI' ^ "^'^^^*^ ^™"*' — Section ,?i:- 
 Tnr.J^^t~!r*^'^i''^' ''"^ ^" *^e Vicinity of the west side oF 
 
 aS !n fl ,^'^^*T*^e northern half is low land, with numerous 
 alkaJine flats and ponds. In the second milp Do^tii /" , • 
 
 Alkaline Plain is met. This lies east of the larov creek which 
 
 oxZdT'norVhwai'V'' .."' ^"' ^^ ^'^ ''' ^^^^^^^^^stilt^l 
 Kin^ 18si ^ '"''*'" ""^ ^^'' townslup.-W- F. 
 
 wot"^t;,f ''"7-T'^^^ "°'^^ ^^^^ «^' ^J^i^ township is low and 
 we. boil sandy loam, mixed with alkali; class 3 ThHou^h 
 
 ol township. There is a luxuriant growth of 
 
 esi>ecially m the north half. No timber" Well adant.id for^^a^i^^ 
 
 puipuses— ito. J. Charbormeau, 1883. " a—'-s 
 
 if; 
 
 grass all over, 
 
242 Totcnstitps Wesi of Second Initial Meridian — llanqe XXHI. 
 
 ■fl!' 
 
 i 
 
 I.l>. Outlines.— Ihc west is open, lovol and iindiilating prairie, with a 
 }< \v sandy ridges, ponds and marshes of Jn-sh water. Soil, a 
 light loiim ; classes 1 and 2. A low saline flat Just enters tho 
 township on Section 6 East— Section 1 is a saline depression, 
 with ponds ol brackish water, and may be classed fourth. Next 
 1^ miles are undulating prairie, with grapsy marshes. Soil, sandy 
 loam ; v^lass 2. For the next 3? miles the land is gently-rolling, 
 with large saline flats and numerous marshes and ponds of 
 brackish water ; classes 2 and 3. — i. Trai/nor, 1883. 
 
 The south-east quarter is occupied almost entirely by an 
 alkaline plain. — W. F King; IbS'. 
 
 i^M^lO. OM//t«es.— West— for first i^ southerly miles the land it is chiefly 
 saline depressions and muskeg; classes 8 to 6. Next 1% miles are 
 gently-rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam, gravelly subsoil ; classes 1 
 and 2. A lake, about 40 chains wide and running in a north- 
 west and south-easterly direction, is here met, and along the line 
 covers the greattr part of S( ctions 30 and 31. On the north-east 
 Side oi this lake the land is very stony ; class 3. On the east — 
 fieclions, 1, 12 and 13 are gently-rolling, with large saline flats 
 ;«nd numerous pcnds and maishes of brackish water. The land 
 .is, in many places, so saturated with saline matter that it is 
 difficult to travel. Sections 24, 25 and £6 are rolling praiiie, with 
 small ponds of fresh water. Soil, a rich sandy loam, with clay 
 subsoil ; class 1 — L Trai/nor, 1883. 
 
 _^^ Cullincs.— Going soiUh, on the vest boundary, the first half mil 
 is gently-undulatii g prairie, with occasional marshes; classes 1 
 and 2. Next three miles are level prairie, stony, with low marshy 
 land ; class 2. 1 he remainder of this line is rolling prairie and 
 stony. — /. Tiai^nor, 18fc3, 
 
 East— level, optn prairie, with numerous marshes. Soil, from 
 
 10 to 14 inches deep, on sar.d and clay subsoils; classes 1 and 2. 
 
 Many of the marshes are large and contain deep water. — A. C 
 
 Talbot, 1883, 
 
 ZMiSi Outlines." Going south, on the west boundary, the first 30 chain& 
 
 • are a laige pond of b^ac^ ish water and low land. The next three 
 
 miles are composed of large ponds and marshis, with low ricl<.M>s 
 
 inteneniiig; dastts ;J to 4. Rtmaining portion is gentiy- 
 
 uniailatirg praiiie, with occasional marshes; first to second class. 
 
 -— i. Tiaijnur, i8b3. 
 
 East— rolling and level, open prairie, with numerous marshes. 
 Soil, 12 to 15 inches deep, on a grey sand and clay subsoil ; classes 
 1 and 2. A creek crosses Section 25, and flows east ; it has 18 
 niches of water ; current slow. — A. C. Talbot, 1888. 
 
 83. Outlines. — The west is gently-undulating prairie, with a few grass 
 ponds, marshes and small clumps of willows. Soil, first to second 
 class — /. Trai/nor, 1883. 
 
 East — rolling and level, open prairie, with numerous marshes. 
 Soil, from 4 to 6 inches deep, on a grey sand subsoil ; class 2. A 
 small lake is situated in the north-east quarter of Section 25. A 
 creek, with alkaline water and slow current, flows through 
 
 r'\t 
 
84 
 
 «5. 
 
 36 
 
 fag|^tr™'JS^f»i^^-rtk^ f^^ first SJ „i,e,, tke c„„„t^ 
 
 o^sed" M/STf^^l^™™; A g,.eat „a„y „„3ho. were 
 olay subsoils ,■ class 2. A creek tT', ""-J" '™'^' S'oy saud^d 
 cnvreut and good water, t^^^ ^t'/ ^^tT/V^ ^ ™' 
 
 pplar a.Kl willow bra.T'w'S!.? °™"f ■ ''°"*' »■•» covered wifh 
 
 openings. The remain'," two Zl,^ '^""^P" ^"^^ « fw prairif 
 
 East-roilL \^''i'^'""'- '888. ""'"■" "^ willow ; 
 
 Several n,„,,h ^„„ m''ettir"g„j, TiW'''. "" g'^dly- 
 
 87. 
 
 88. 
 
 Outlines. — Groino- «;mifi, xi 
 
 knolly prairie, w^ith Sute'ous hh^r'S^^^"' 5^^' ^^^^^ two miles are 
 and ponds. Next four mTle ,rt nm.l '"^f P'^l'^^^^ and willows 
 trees, chiefly of small gXth buUr / T^^ '7'^^^^^ brush, wTh 
 diameter, and fit for small Lk*?/^ ^'"''^ ^^^^^^'^^ »^" 12 nches 
 
 wilow^amps and a fe-^'sl^fin-^.SL^-.J.tr'-rr™"^ 
 Pn«f IT i^"iaj,s.— i. Traynor, 
 
 let-t wide, 6 inches decn wKK fe^'*\<^i, dasri 2. A crept in 
 
 Section 25 Tho . l^\ . S"^^'^ water, flou^. p..7f 7u ' , 
 
 --.and-.;^ic-bS,^-^:-^s«y|g 
 
 Outlines. — Wpsf Kv^i- 
 
 marshes were cLss'jd.'^^S ""^"^ ^^^f "t ^— us small 
 clay ; class 2. A rido-e and a ^nn - ' ''"'^>' "'^^^3^' ^^^^y and vello w 
 trail from Touch wood^to Prinee A K ' r'\ '^'''''^'' ^^ Thl c^^^t 
 cross the township utT .r^^'^'^' ^"^ the tele^rranh vt 
 
 ^'ith willow and ';oun.M : >7ar.^^;^' *'-^^?^ l^^"^^^-^'- ^^'-1 "cove ^d 
 small, dry poplar. ^ Soil"; iTn di; deei? n' ''?' '^ ^"'^^^ quantity of 
 and sandy clay subsoils ;ciss/ T\^'' 'l7> y-^^^<^vv clay, sand 
 open prairie.-^, a. TalLtmS. ''''^' '^ ""^ ^^^ ^^^^ rollml. 
 
 Outlines. — West mil.-,,,,, i ^ 
 
 with poplar bluffs & ri2"i™h ''"•^ 'J™™' "--'ly covered 
 found in some of the hlufR Th" ^fc,"! <'"!""^«" ^ water w^ 
 ^!»>.|rave,, sandy clay, sand and y^^^^'ly "eh™" ''^Ti "' 
 
241 Towmhips West of Second Initial Meridian — Range XXIII. 
 
 ^ f 
 
 rolling, open prairie, slopes gently to the north. Several small 
 marshes were crossed. A large liike is situated in Sections 24, ^5 
 and 36 ; two-thirds of Sections 24 and 25 are also submerged by 
 this lake. Soil. 4 to ^ inches deep, on a sandy clay and clay sub- 
 soil ; class 2.— il. G. Talbot, 1883 
 
 45. Outlines. — West — well wooded with fair sized poplar, many trees 
 suitable for house logs. The surfoce is broken up by high hills, 
 but a great portion has soil of a superior quality. — L. Patrick^ 
 1883. 
 
 Sub-division and Ontlines.— This township is nearly all bush, 
 for the most part small poplar good for fencing ; it has some groves 
 of large timber good for building purposes. In the lowlands the 
 soil is generally a good clay loam, but as it is situated, for the 
 most part, in the Birch Hills, where the soil is a light sandy loam, 
 this township is rated class 2. Carrot River runs through the 
 south-east part of the to wnsliip and forms a large lake on Sections 
 2 aud 3, in which there is an abundance of pike and pickerel. 
 There are two other lakes. There is a good mill privilege on 
 Section 11 on Carrot River, there b<;ing a fall of about one foot to 
 a chain, and banks about 40 feet high. The township is well 
 watered by small brooks, in which the water is fresh. In some 
 parts there is a quantity of standing and dead fallen timber good 
 for fuel.— ^. a Caddi/,' \SS2-SB. 
 
 46. Outlines — West — ftiirly wooded with poplar and willow, but in 
 Section 1 only is there any building timber. A great portion of 
 the centre and north of the line, b<>ing wet and covered with a 
 very heavy growth of willow, is only suitable for grazing. — L. 
 Patrick, 1883. 
 
 East — undulating prairie ; bluffs of poplar and willow ; num- 
 erous ponds and hay marshes. Class 1 throughout. — A. L. Russell, 
 1878. 
 
 Sub'divisio'n and Outlines. — This township is, for the most part 
 covered with a thick growth of willow and poplar, On a few 
 sections, to the south and soutli-west, there is some good building 
 and lencing timber, sufficient for the use of the setHcrs. There is 
 also a quantity of l\Ulen, dead and standing timber good for lire- 
 wood. The soil is principally a good clay loam, covered with a fair 
 depth of alluvial soil. There are also several lakes and small 
 streams, in which the water is fresh and good. — E C. Caddy, 1883. 
 
 17. Outlines.— West— generally covered with a hea^^ growth of 
 willows, and a few poplar trees. Only suitable for grazing, ihero 
 being a splendid quality of hay. The land may be readily 
 drained to Panona Creek. Soil, sometimes sand, and sometimes 
 clay loams, on clay subsoil ; classes 1 to 3. — L. Patrick, 188 i. 
 
 West — undulating prairie ; bluffs of poplar and willow ; num- 
 erous ponds and hay marshes. Class 1 thro ugh out. — A.L.Russell, 
 1878. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines. — This township, although con- 
 taining land of good quality, is so covered with a dense growth 
 of grey willow, and a certain amount of small poplar, that a very 
 
 \kS 
 
48 
 
 ftO 
 
 ^ns^^,s ^eu Of Secona initial Meri,iun.-Ilan,eXXm 245 
 
 r^'^^^^Z^::^f^^^ »at, as it contains 
 ior cattfe. There are smdT p'tcS^s T'^'^ '' ^'^^^ ^^^1 'adapted 
 a on- a lake called LoncrLako bnf on? k^ -'^ '°"^'^^y- bordering 
 pieces, can hardly be called onen n.^ ^'"^' i'^ '^^^^". detached 
 tills township can be drain.?/ .^ ^""^T ^ ^reat amount of 
 reasonable expense, when U will 1 '"""' ^?^"f '^'"y- ^^ '^ very 
 qual ty, as the soil t a ood lolm """".u"^^ "^ ^'^^^ ^"Perior 
 n>akmff it class 1 for whet.tltnr-^"^'V*.f « ^^^^ ««bsoil. 
 0^/,^/me,._i^^orth-tam.,r, '^'^^' ^^^^' 
 
 and fallen timber f^tnTy 2?^!^' ^^' ^ r^^^' ^^ P-e 
 class4-^. £>. £^^,-,^lgJ '^'''''' ^'''^o«t a"uv,al covering ; 
 
 heavy growth of either ack p^n" nol^'^^^ i« covered with a 
 pine occurs to the north nlih. ' ?u T P^^' °^' willow The iaok 
 Kiver. where th7lS I'V .^1? r^"^ '' !t ^^^^^^^^ 
 sandy. In the more eastern naJt Ivi. f ' II '^^^^ T '"''^'-^'^ to be 
 IS some very desirable tnV a th^K *;/^^"^^t> of river, there 
 poplar and willow. The port on iS? . ^u^"^"* ^^^ered with 
 IS mostly land of a ^nod^ri itlai^^H ' '\ ^'^ ^^' '^' "^e? 
 a heavy growth of Urge ffrey willow .fJ t ^^'^'^ '''^ 8'eaerally 
 come into favor for setthZZ Zin^^^^^ 
 
 "ver, and near the settlement of pSf AH ! ^°''^^^" '^^^^ ^^e 
 IS broken up with numer^uTpond hX 1 nf . ^ ''^'^^ ^"^^^^^ 
 can be easily drained in thrSaskah ht, t" "^'''^'''' ""^^ber 
 inducement also lor settlers is b^ 1 ^^^^^ ^'^'l^'' .<^^^« gi-^at 
 
 of firewood, fence rails, and builS t?m S-'/'I W"''^^- '"^'^^^^ 
 
 suitable for Z^'S^^;' l^J "^^^ <^[ this township 
 nature ; classes 2 and 3. ulIL J^^l f V' ^ ^^ ^^S'^t sandy 
 and tamarac swamps, a-d is ron^h ^ u'n^"^' ^^^ i'""^^. lakes 
 The north part of the townsh pToS^b o?^h^ m^^ .r^.^^"^ '' ^' ^'Y- 
 Hiver IS generally covtTed wilh a l,owth nf '-^^ Saskatchewan 
 only for fuel. The North s,Xf\ ^O'^^^^ pme, suitable 
 
 through the whole of fh^^tw I tt^^^^^^^^ ^'^"^^ ^^^^^erly 
 
 «team vessels drawing very mSZ^X^^^^j^^^J^ ^- 
 
 16J## 
 
 1 
 
SSSBBSBiamm^ 
 
 :i 
 
 !l 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Eanoe XXIV. 
 
 9. Outlines.— The north is rolling and hilly prairie; several grass 
 ponds, and two alkaline ponds were crossed The soil is 6 to 9 
 inches deep on a clay siibsoil ; classes 2 and 3. The east is 
 rolling prairie, several small marsh^ s. Two-thirds of Section 25, 
 and one-third of the north-east of 24, are covered by a large marsh 
 of fresh water. Soil, 6 to 8 inches deep on a clay subsoil ; class 
 2.— J. K. McLean, 1882. 
 
 The west is hilly prairie, better suited for grazing than farm- 
 ing. The soil is good and the grass fine in the valleys, but the 
 hill tops are generally gravelly and stony. The south is rough 
 and hilly ; gravelly aiid stony on the summits, but, in the bot- 
 toms, the soil is good and grass abundant. Is a good grazing 
 township. Water abundant and fresh.— O. J. Klutz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is very undulating and marshy, 
 and is unsuitable for agriculture, but is good pasture ground. 
 Sections 25 and 36 are the best for farming purposes.-- -C. P. 
 Lederc, 1883. 
 
 10. Outlines.— ^orth. and east— rolling, brol^en and hilly prairie; 
 numerous grais and some alkaline ponds. Soil, 6 to 10 inches 
 deep on a clay subsoil ; class 3 in the north, and 2 and 3 in the 
 east. A large grass marsh, with IJ feet of water, is situated in 
 Section 18. The ridges are 20 to 30 feet high,—/. K. McLean, 
 1882. 
 
 The west is rough and hiLy prairie, which is well suited for 
 grazing as there is fine grass and water. The tops of the ridges 
 are stony. — O. /. Kloiz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is unsuitable for agricultural 
 purposes, being very sandy, and swampy. Good only for pasture. 
 Soil, classes 3 and 4. No wood v/hatever. — (7. F. Lederc, 1883. 
 
 11. O'u/lines.—l^oriY. and cast — very broken and hilly prairie. 
 Several marshes and grass swamps in the north, but numerous in 
 the east The Dirt Hills commence to rise to the south, in Section 
 36. In the north-west of Section 31, there are a confused number 
 of Email hills. Stony. Some of the ridges are from 25 to 30 feet 
 high. Soil, 6 to 10 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; Sections 36. 
 25 and 1^4 are class 2 ; Sections 13, 12 and 1 are class 3 ; the 
 north is classes 2 and 3. An alkali pond was crossed in Section 
 12.—/. K. McLean, 1882. 
 
 West — hilly prairie, much broken by ravines, ridges and 
 lumps There are occasional small ponds of fresh water. Soil, 
 clay and sandy loam, with gravel and stone ; classes 2 and 3. — 
 A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— The north-west part is very broken and hilly. 
 The soil is generally sandy and gravelly, and very stony on tops 
 
 ^\i 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ««*«K»S» 
 
•/•..»«A.,, «,., ^secon, InUM MerUi.n.-Rang, XXIV. ,„ 
 
 clear 
 
 "1 places ; classes 1 and 2 The ""''^^ i'"' ^'^'''^ ^^'^d stone 
 
 • -.Missouri Coteau. is situated in tecSl?' '' ^^^ '?* ^ills 
 ship in a south-east direction 4^^^^"^^'°" 3 1 crossing the tow v 
 hanng a dry bed of a c eek 7s in So?r '"'. f "^* ^ ^^^^^« wide, 
 Jiast-rolliuff to sliohHv . n- ""^'^'^ ^^— ^- C- 1^.66, 18si 
 from 25 to .0 feet l^gh'^«o [" 8 to"'; fnT^ J, '^^ ''^"^ -"^^nt 
 soil ; class 2. Small creeks crolS nl o! ^''^i'' ^'^ ^ ^^ay sub" 
 11! ^^J~^_^"/'^eri882 "' ''■ '*' ^-^ ^"^ 12. Fair 
 
 contain good' farmhig lanftnd 'ar'e'^tv"?^ '^l"^''^^ homx^^ry 
 portions. The remaitdei of the W, 'r^^'^-^ some swampy 
 and is rather rou-h Ther*^ i. t. ^^^"^^"P lies in the Dirt Hills 
 gullies, which will be Tood for f '"'"^'^ "^ '^^ bottom of the 
 throughout is a sandy loaCwifr^S^^^ "'^ ''''\ The soil 
 gi-avel y and clay subsoil. The ovfnshn f, Parts and covering a 
 I^umais and Michaud, 1«83. ^°^^«^'P is class 1 for pasturage. 
 
 with a great deal of water on thtJ? "''«V°^"^^J^ ^« low-lying, 
 in the wet flats. Class 3 "" Ett-^roliin/""* '^''' ^^>^ ^^^^^^ 
 small marshes Soil sandv -in^ .i 1 = Vi-^^^rxa, with several 
 subsoils ; class 3. cly wi;Tot l^^'^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^ '^^^ «and 
 
 and a small creek, Section 2r No wood f '°' '^ ""^^ ^4, 
 Proudfoof, 1882. v^ood; water scarce.^jy. 5. 
 
 pvJnr!«™tS?sTand'''"V™^ ^'"^ '-•». With 
 
 7. Fair farming la„d 1^0 pr.MT,8r "''''"■' '^*'=*'™ 
 
 i>«m<*-fl«rf,i/,v./,,,^^ ,3,.3^ v^ nattier. Good farming laud— 
 
 10 inches in depth A ?m .n ' **^ ' '^''^^' ^" P^^^^es from 2 to 
 
 Section 1. Thisoil. ei wfrd if tir"tb*^° ^''^■'''' ^^^f «f 
 
 blue clay; the rating cWrs and 4^^^^ '^ ^^^^ ^^^ 
 
 West— rollino- Srairio wJfK i 1 ^'^'^'^foot, 1882. 
 
 flowing north-ea t^fciSnT lu ar th'"''^ f i'^ 't' ^ '^"^^" ^''^^k 
 but generally water is .c'lr 1 n '^."^^^^11 ^imit of Section 7 
 
 1881 ^ ' '"^'"^"^ '"^^^ ^'i«r^ IS "0 wood.-4. C. Pre6^; 
 
 14 
 
•W«M 
 
 248 lownships West of Second Initial Meridian — Range XXIV. 
 
 Subdivision. — Kolling and lt>vel prairio Only a few creeks 
 TUii through thi6 township. Soil, clay loam ; cliissos 1 and 2. 
 Good farming land. iNo wood wliatover. — Daimiis and Miekaud, 
 
 1883. 
 
 15. Outlines.— T\iQ north and east are very level, with a clay soil. 
 Theru are a few sloughs, but no streams of any account, except 
 Moose law Creek, traverse the township. I'hero is very little 
 meadow land, and vegetation is short owing to the dryness of the 
 season. The land is class 1 throughout. There is no wood what- 
 ever. ~L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 West — undulating and l(>vel prairie. Soil, strong, heavy 
 clay; class 1. Moose Jaw Creek (lows west through t5(>ction 19, 
 current about half a mile an hour, bottom s((ft and muddy, banks 
 on t'ach side are 20 feet hiuh. This creek was the only water 
 found, (rood farming land, well adapted for gx-ain-growing. No 
 wood.— ir I'carre, 1881. 
 
 Stih-ilivision- XjQXi^l and gently-rolling prairie Soil, class 1. 
 Moose Jaw Creek crosses the township ahoiit the centre in an 
 easterly direction. No wood what-n'er. A trail crosses in the 
 same direction as the creek. Wafer scarce, except wh"re this 
 creek passes. No alluvial soil anywhere. — Dnmais and Jlichaud, 
 1883. 
 
 1«. Outlines. — North and west— undulating prairie, very hummocky. 
 Soil, heavy clay; class 1 throughout. Good agriiultuuil land, 
 suita>)l<' for grain-growing. No wood or water. — W. Pearce,\'6%l. 
 
 On the '^ast and south it is very level, with a very h-.avyclay 
 soil. No timber whatever. Thi're are a lew sloughs ; vei y little 
 meadow hind ; vegetation short, owing to the hardness of the clay 
 soil. The land is rated class I throughout.— L. Bollun, 18>*2. 
 
 i>uh-iiivisiort. — Slightly undulating prairie. Soil, clny loam, 
 with clay subsoil ; class 1. — ./. L. lieid, lH<i. 
 
 17. 0«//'/wt,«.--North—undiiloting prairie. Soil, hard, dry clay ; class 
 2. Sections 31 and 3-' are full of boulders, and very stony ; cjass 
 8. The north-west half of Section 31 is oecu])ied by Moose Jaw 
 Cre> k and its valley ; tJiis creek Hows north, and has high, steep 
 bank,><. Sections ']3 to 30 are good larming localities, and well 
 suited for grain growing. On the west, Sections G and 7 are level ; 
 soil, iinid clay, very ctry, the latter section i^ ])rukcn ])y ravines, 
 stony in hollows. A trail crosses 7 ; the remaining four sections 
 are very rough arid Jul! of boulders. Thcio is a little wood and 
 scrub in the ravines along Mooco Jaw Creek and its valley ; it 
 flows north through each of theui, and its banks are very high 
 and steip ; class 3. The east is undulating prairie Soil, hard, 
 dry clay ; class 2. Cart trail to Qu'Appelle crosses Section 36. 
 Good farmijig lan«l, well suited lor grain. No wood or surface 
 
 water. W. i'earct, IbSl. 
 
 Sub-division.— \Vvst — level. hummot:ky prairie. There is no 
 timber, but some small willows grow along the banks of Moose 
 Jaw Creek Soil, a heavy clay, three feet deep, with clay subsoil, 
 except along the banks oi the creek, w-here there is a mixture of 
 
IS. 
 
 12> 
 
 'Unships WeU of Secand I niiial M.ri,,„.. ,...,,., ^XIV. 249 
 ~T*Cr"'s?"^ ^"'"^^ = S--«"y «-t clas.s. witi. .ome third. 
 Q^^::-n;t;;^^?l;:- ^^ a„d si are broken hy the 
 
 fitvfum. have a black soil c ,8« 1 X'^T'^^' ^^'- ^^her three 
 latiu- prairie. Soil .rood simlv li ^*^^'^«"« ^5 and ZG un. undu- 
 
 v«ry rough and lull of boukUrs%.ii }^ "'''"'"'' ^^^^^^ "^^ 
 «"d stony ; class 8. i,M fo 'l8 ^S llT^^ "'^^ ^^^'^ = ^'^'^^ ^ard 
 Soil, sand and clay, wi h muk . ;« > ''nt^""^'^^ ^^^^''^ ^^'^ ^'T- 
 
 31 i« « feet deep. ^ n L south w ^^ ir ?^' "^■^'^- ^" ^^'^-"on 
 muskoff swamp. The n ter^. I 7 i. \f i ^' ^^"^ '^^'^'''^^ i« a 
 Along the ..ast line thesut;^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^"^ ^^'-^^«« ^^ere. 
 
 clay Section 1 and pa o Vo "rf da ' i'' T ^^^^'^-^^^^^Y 
 
 are class 'A ■ they arn ttonv and ti^.v llv '/^^^'^'^^^'''i''^- sections 
 ;^^ situated in thi sou,h-c4L .^^0^80^^^^^ ^^^'^^ ^i^^' 
 
 only water crossed on this line IVo wooi-V '■ ^'^'^•::'T '^^ 
 
 collent land ; but the ren i .d.^ ' "" '' ^ ^""l^"^^' l'^^^'^"^" «f ^^' 
 the east side of Aioose T w Cr.tl f ' "\«^^"'^^''I. ^'^^ky, and along 
 o^'tions. the ba.:;:^ t^ S:^^ ^StjTS "^V"''''' '^ 
 There is no timber but uv }.nt>> k .,^" ''^^^^ ^'^'^y I'ocky. 
 
 of a smoll size grow "^ c o e K Th" ^' ^"^^""^ ^^"^ '^"^^ ^^^^-^^ 
 stone and grev -ran h^ T ^ ^ }"-' '°'^^'' '^'^' ^^ fixture of lime- 
 
 ocur; the^^o'C^are ';tZf"7.-" *""'^^^^"*- ^^^'^^ ^'^^^ 
 «oil, from bare rook to i tv iLZl !l ^"•^^M'^'^P^'ctivoly izi area. 
 
 -^i; first, second aniwle^^l^^'^^^^^g-^^^y J-- -b- 
 
 S:^':.rS;;;!^7^o:d%rr ^--Uy. sandy and 
 
 thronghout ^^o ^Z T'^':"^ "^TZ^'^^"^' "^^'^ ^ 
 feoiJ, sandy and gravellv vuJi< /-^^^^-"^"/iiiuUng prairie, 
 loam; cla4 1. Th^oh,'2.^r^^^^^ rfoil, clay 
 
 east b^Uf oj- this sectiot-r /tml^l^sr' ''^^ ^"^"^^^ '''-'^^'■'^- 
 
 and poU v!^5!^c;I:j;;.d'"^lf !:;'^i;;^^'f ' ««^'--^^l ^rass marshes 
 2 and 3. A dry shal ow w ^^ ^ ^"^T' '''^'>' ^^^''^^^^ J classes 
 
 crosses the uorth-wJst'm.T ; rt'T';-' "^^'^^ ^^"^'" '^ ^''' ^igh. 
 
 J^bo wate. i„\iis ri;";Srl ^i^^^^^f .-; J-' ^-t hi^h. 
 banks la this section are wood, d A ., '^'y^'^ curreut. the 
 Bo4h-westciuarterof'thi\::S-^ T%^^'' '''''' ?'-- *^« 
 
 from west to east by ()u' U, 4l Tf^,,^^^ l""'"''' ^'^''' ^" traversed 
 very swift; it is fro^mi ^en to oio^ t f'' J i "'''''''\ "^' ^^'^^'^^ ^^ 
 nnu^y f..t wide, with a middl bott ,m T^; "f T' ^^'l '' 
 two to three hundred f.>et hi-h Ld . ?n ^^'^" ^'?^" '''^ ^^^m 
 a-spen and willow .Soi sai dv' ^ K \^ T'''''''^ ^'"^ bush. 
 dt^T. with .and vMxw/p'S,^ three to live inched 
 
 I,.,: 1 -. -11'-". 1 , uifct aiiii second '-I"-- *i - ;..i'. : , 
 
 being along the 'banks of the 
 
 second class, the info 
 
 river.-y. W. D' Amours, ISb. 
 
 lior laud 
 
saa 
 
 I 
 
 if i 
 
 21 
 
 M ' 
 
 250 Tn,^»,hi;jf t^.-,f .>f Second Initial Mfridinn.- linntrr XXIV 
 
 ao. Otd/ines.—l^orth and west— hiph, dry, opon, rolling prairie, with 
 a tew grass meadows on the west. Soil, gravelly loam, stony oa 
 ridges ; classes 2 and 8. In Wections 86 and 3G a»d dry creek 
 bottoms. Sections 38 to 36 are broken bv the Little ArmRiver- 
 water 18 inches deep, slightly saline; average width 40 links' 
 slight (urrent ; banks, 75 feet high.— PT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 iiatt— undulating prairie. tSoil, sandy loam, gravelly and 
 stony ; class 8 Section 86 is broken by Arm Cnek, its banks are 
 high and steep, and a cart trail crosses Section 25.— W, Pearce 
 18ol. 
 
 Sub-division.— UoUing prairie, with a number of small 
 sloughs, in most of which V(^ry good hay is produced. In the 
 north part the land is hilly and l)roken by the banks of the Little 
 Arm Uivpr, being very sandy and stony along the slopes of the 
 mils. An island of wood, composed of ash, aspen, willow and 
 brusn, occurs on the east boundary of Section 84, bat it contains 
 no trees exre.Mling three inches in diameter. Some good pieces of 
 land between the inargin of the river and ths foot of the bank on 
 either side. .Soil, three or four inches deep, with sanay subsoil- 
 chielly second, with some first class.— J. W. D' Amours, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— ^oxih and east-rolling country. Soil, light, sandy 
 loam with a clay and gravel suhsoil ; class 2. Several small 
 marshes were crossed. Good farming land.— T. R. Hetoson, 1882. 
 
 West— high, dry, open, rolling prairie. Several grass 
 meadows. Soil, grarelly loam, and stony, sandy subsoils ; class 3. 
 l^mie Arm River crosses Section 7, having 18 inches of water 
 which is saline ; the banks of this river are 76 feet high, and 
 extend into Section 18.— PT. T. Thnmpson, 1881. 
 
 A poor township generally. Little Ann Creek crosses the 
 south- west quarter, and is a clear fresh stream.— J. F. Garden^ 
 188 1. 
 
 Sub-o'ivision. -Open prairie, and very rolling. Little Arm 
 Kiver tra -erses part of it ; its water is salty towards Last Moun- 
 tain Lake, w^hich it enters in the next township. Soil, 8 or 9 
 inches deep, with sand or gravel subsoil.. ; third class —C G 
 DuBerger, 1882. * 
 
 Outlines.— A poor township, except in the immediate vicinity of 
 Long Lake, w^hich is saline.— J. F. Garden. 1881. 
 
 West- high, dry, open, rolling prairie. Numerous small 
 marshes .ind grains meadows were crossed. Soil, gravelly loam 
 with a s.-ind ai;d clay subsoil ; class 2 ; Section 6 is class 3. A dry 
 grass m(^adow and watercourse crosses the north-east of Section. 
 19.— W. T. T/umipson, 1881. 
 
 East--rolling country. Soil, light, sandy loam, with a clay 
 and gravel subsoil ; class 2. No wood. Very little water.— r 
 R. Hetvsun, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— ^oWmg prairie. A lake of fresh water at the 
 north-east quarter of Section 16. Soil, from 7 to 9 inches deep, 
 with sand or gra^-<■l subsoil ; second, third and fourth classes. — 
 C. C DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 as. 
 
 2«. 
 
/ -^ " "^t of Second Initial Meridian.- 
 
 "^S^t^'Z^^,^-^.'^' 
 
 I^nge XXIV. 261 
 
 ing- 
 
 21. 
 
 ^!i 
 
 nnaXvlT '"^ l^'^^^ rh^ '^ becomes sandv^ 
 
 .oo,.itri>x- -au..„,u^- ^riirip^, .^ 
 
 Outline s.~-T\xQ nn-fK i- 
 
 try. haying a ff«i';„'-; K^" ^Jj- yoMly-u^d,,,,,; .,^. 
 
 ^HO-uivi<iiitn 'I'll '/ "^'-'*' 
 
 ^^^ong Lake s' tcS: ^'^^re^ji^r r^fj^^'^ ^« »>-t- -P 
 
 ind c^r' • "T ^^'^ ^*^^^'^^ itl^ltfv.l Th °^^«"^"g prairie, h^ 
 
 loam on a d:;^;hSr':,.,f "■"; '" "»•' '•*« T J'rinf r zz 
 
 ^ub-dli:i<inn —A 1 
 
 "■y Louff or Last Mm.S P:;;''"" "f""" lowuship i. subaem-.^ 
 O" tho east a„d ai...irtt"o;*t'"r'"S .»•>">•' a tier of S2 
 
 ,\- -■• or .„ Ia.ei.:,t,^V:..riL4- 
 Wood.-i3, B„;, ,8^81. "'""= '"•""■"-'. with a good .oil. No 
 
 n 
 
'1 
 
 3'!' • 
 
 ti 'i 
 
 M 
 
 25S Tnwmhipx West of S' rand Initial Meridian.— Range XXIV. 
 
 Subdiviiion—Thi^ portion o 
 Lakts it» very pood laud, liav.in-- an 
 inc 
 
 f tho township lying oaHt of Long 
 
 Su„.iel,tr;itha«;;;a cUy -u^.„il. l-b. -^l^™ i» ro 
 
 alhivial Hoil from six to ton 
 
 lling 
 
 and Blt.pt's gradually 
 
 to 7ho .hI«v8 of the lake. Water in Long 
 
 IS 
 
 Lake is clear and ^Jod. No ti.ub..r of any .^l^^^^tption vvith he 
 ex. option of a littl« scrub hero and there, along the edge ol the 
 lake— Fitton and CuKgrain, 1882-88. 
 37. OutHnes.-lh. north line leaves the west of ^»^'* l;^k.uiear an iul^^^^^ 
 ^hich extends inl.nd tor about throo-<iuarteTs ot « ""^ ; ; ^"g 
 water deep enough to make a good boat hart^or. ,^^« «^''\'^V^^ 
 Tven, with u loam noil, and clay sub.soil, and is class V A ew 
 willow bushes on an island to the north J>"^V,U^^"" '^''^'^' ''^ 
 the onlv wood Wnter "ood.— /. F. Garden, 188-'. 
 
 Went-h U. dry, ope.., level prairie ; a fo^^ -rass meadows 
 Soil elav lo^n, withVh y and yellow clay subsoils ; classes I and 
 2 I)ry watercourses to long Lvke cro.s Section 18, oge her w.t^ 
 a supposed inlet to the lake ; reedy, open water, 3 f««t « T" ^ 
 grasi meadow and watercourse, also a urv guHy-cro « .>oct o 7^ 
 Some of the sections are good iarmmg land.-ir. i. Ihompson. 
 
 ^^\.b-divmov -Ihis township is composed f g^^^tlruudulat. 
 inir Dtairie submerged on the east by Long Lake. Iho soil ii 
 •Zs l"h.g a li'.^h1, loam, with clay subsoil. The lake occupio. 
 ?h^ J:ater%rt"ot the ea.t: halt; it r//^"^? ^^^^'t^ ^ou-h 
 BliirhTlv alkaline. The ereek running into the lake at the sou.h 
 SiiL good water. I'hero is a luxuriant growth "^ g-- -^.ry^ 
 where. No timlier. This township is well suited lor laimii.g.- 
 M. J. Charbonneaii, 1883. 
 28 0«//j.»cs -North and west-high, dry, open, "l^'-^^^'^ting prnirie 
 • whh a f .w scattered marshes and puuds. On t lie north the suil is 
 
 ^ndv loll with a clay subsoil; class 3. A large grass marsh 
 ^Ttl7lS (IS." of water'and banks 20 feet high, is -tilled m he 
 north-west half of fc'ection 83. A dry bed ol u ^^^'1-^^;' V^^ 
 Sec ioiTai On the wobt the soil is a clay loam and elay sub. . , 
 ck4l Section H.3, class 2. A dry, shallow watercourse gully 
 ^i Salens 31 and 30. A caxt trail to west i-nu^oiu^ v;;;;;f 
 Mission crosses Seci ion 19. Good iarming land.- ir. 1. lho,up^on, 
 
 ^'^'-East-southward, and in the vicinity of the we^t ^jfle of 
 Lon- Lake, the surface is undulating, with a wet sandy so i, and 
 an alk dine clay sub.M>il, being third class m quality lor the irst 
 Cr miles ; thence to the c^iid of the line, the soil is somewhat 
 
 '^'^^:b:;^;,LnP^^ S l.alf of this township is low and 
 wet td do t d here and there with Mkali flats ; 1«>^^. l^^'r^«?;^\^ 
 Se 'soil is better, being a sandy loam, -^^h clay ^^hsoil^ Th re^s 
 R luxnriant L-rowth of grass all over the township. -Long J-aKe 
 Lt r^ctslh^ so'^ith-east corner ; the water is slightly a^kallm^ but 
 drinkable. No timber. This township is very well adapted lor 
 grazing purposes.— ilif. /• Charbonneau, 1883. 
 
91> 
 
 Tmrnnhipg 
 Ouflin 
 
 Went of Serond Initial Meridian— Range XXIV. 
 — Wost-Hijfh. dry, opon, nnd 
 
 258 
 
 uliiH 
 
 ng pruiric, with some 
 
 1088.8 1 H,Kl 2. A Iarpr.» ffra«N rriPnclow is situat..! in C 
 
 soil ^ 
 
 tion« 7 and 18 ; 'anoIhoHn...- ^n. 
 81, lUias 18 inches of water in pi 
 
 situated in Sec- 
 rgc griiNH meadow is Ioeate<l in Se(;tion 
 
 80 
 
 81. 
 
 Most of f >,"'■.'". •""'•" '" PI'««*'H - »'. T. n„mj>s(>n, 1881 
 
 am.''';;:;,i;^;::.'-S;;d '■ si,';!"' i°"''* r™'""- „"r» ■"'"■«'•- 
 
 subsoil ffrnJllv .^.^t •. ''■ .y "'"' «rav')lly lowns; clay 
 
 8^hsSr-::f^'f ~lr'^ ^'r''"'- ^^^^J- ^-^ i»'^hes deep, on a claY 
 
 Tx thm?rn^r^^,^^^^\ o<^^r-'*«>onal marshes; classes l^ud 2. 
 
 cla^s o Th"r ; "'' '''"'"■•"' ''^'^">^' ^''h J"^. ^fl'^rshy land • 
 
 0«///«o..--West- flat prairie. Soil, 10 to IG iuchcvs deep on a 
 
 r No 4on,l P w "'^^'^'\'''H'^ ^ '^'^"'^•"^^ i'^ t?octions 6 and 
 No wood. Good armn,- la.ul -7 C. Des»,nc/es, 1H82. 
 
 Kr.„nL • I """r""" 'T!''^' ^^*' ^^'•■^^ '^<^ ^tiains are in a ar-^e pond of 
 
 laroi ponds and marshes ivith low ridges intervenin-- classes '?i 
 to 4. Remainder s fft^ntlv-nndnlnHno- ,.,..„•,.; .1' ^^'^^^^^ -* 
 
 mnrsh..« T7i^cf + rt'" 'y "nnuianug piaine, with occasional 
 marsHes. l<irst to second class.— i. Tra^nor, 1883. 
 
 **' ;!]^;^';^"^'^-^—^«i"^-.Horth, on the west line, the first live miles are 
 
 li lu Snil I ^ r'*;^' ^^"l^^^'-- ^^^^^''^ *'^t^'»^t «'^ the west'of thJ 
 
 c terod to'^.v' II ^^«^S^«;i«' ,^;-lli"?? P^ine, numerous pLds' 
 
 IZlnvf- ^ 1 """ '^":^ ^''^"''^■' «^'^««''« 2 and 3 .Soil in the 
 
 gavtlly. The east is gently undulating i.rairie with •, few 
 bK^i^uua udss, — i. Irui/nor, 1«83 
 
 8». 
 
^i 
 
 254 
 
 Thirnshifis West of Second Initial Meridian — Ran^e XXIV. 
 
 
 i| 
 
 ftoil in the valleys is generally good, but much broken, and, on the 
 ridges, gravelly. Going north, on the east boundary, for the 
 first 5 J miles the country is gently-undulating prairie, with a few 
 grass ponds, marshes and small clumps of willows. First to 
 second class. Here a saline lake is met, extending from IJ to 2 
 miles in a south westerly, and some miles in a north-easterly 
 direction. It is very irregular in shape. — I. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 35. Outlines. — Going south, on the w^est line, the first two miles are 
 knolly prairie, with numerous ponds, grassy sloughs, and a few 
 scattered ridges. The remaining four miles are knolly prairie, 
 with gravelly and stony ridges, and grassy ponds and sloughs ; 
 classes 2 to 2 J. First four miles going south, on the east line, 
 are through poplar and willow brush, with trees, chiefly of small 
 growth, but, in a few places of 12 inches in diameter ; there are 
 numerous willow swamps and a few prairie openings. The re- 
 maining two miles are rolling prairie, with numercias grassy 
 ponds, marshes and bluffs of poplar and willow ; classes 1-|- to 2J. 
 /. Traynor, 18><3. 
 
 36. OuUines. — ^The west is knolly prairie, with numerous ponds, 
 grassy sloughs, and a few scattered ridgf's. Going south, on 
 the east boundary, the first two miles are knolly prairie, with 
 numerous blutfs of small poplar and willows, and ponds. Next 
 four miles contain poplar and willow brush, with trees, chiefly of 
 small growth, but, in a few places, of 12 inches diameter. There 
 are numerous willow swamps, and a few small prairie openings.— 
 /. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 37. Outlines. — West— knolly prairie, with scattered ridges, slightly 
 stony, and numerous deep grassy ponds and sloughs ; classes 2 to 
 2J.— /. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 East — broken, open, rolling prairie. Numerous small 
 marshes were crossed. Subsoils, sand, sandy clay, clay and 
 yellow clay ; class 2. The cart trail from Touchwood to Prince 
 Albert crosses Section 2l. The telegraph line crosses Sections 24 
 and 25. The north trail, from Humbolt to Prince Albert, also 
 crosses Section 25.-^1. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 38. Outlines.— Qo'm^ north, on the west line, the first four miles are 
 knolly prairie, with scattered ridges, slightly stony, and numerous 
 deep grassy ponds atid sloughs ; classes 2 to 2 J. The remaining 
 two miles are composed of willows and iwplar. The timber 
 increases to the north. The last half mile is chiefly poplar woods, 
 with timber 8 inches diameter. Classes first and second. — /. 
 Tray nor, 1S83. 
 
 East - rolling, broken and hilly prairie, partly covered with 
 poplar, from 3 to 12 inches in diameter. Water was found in 
 some of the bluffs. Subsoils, gravel, clay, sandy clay, sand and 
 yellow clay ; class 2 throughout.— vl. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 39. OM^/i'«es.— West— country is gently-rolling, and covered with 
 bluffs of poplar, balm of giicad, wiilows, uazei, i.ic., with a tew 
 small openings of prairie, and -everal large ponds. Soil, a black 
 loam, with clay loam subsoil ; classes 1 and 2.—/. Traynor, 1888. 
 
 <^*' 
 
 I 
 
255 
 
 40. 
 
 45. 
 
 Tov^nsMps West of Second Initial Meridi an. ^Range XXIY. 
 
 remalt^^e^tTotf a^I'ro^"" '' is submerged by a lake The 
 young pollarai^^UoVbufff.^r"'' ""'^'^I ^" covered wifh 
 6 to 15 inches deep onT sanfVr,^ ?f ''T ^ *° ^ ^"^'^e^- Soil, 
 and 2.~A. C. TaZt^lsIs ""^^ "^^^^ '""^'^'^ ' ^^^sses 1 
 
 P^^^ri::;;^^^^^^^^^ are rolling 
 
 poplar. Soil, black loam L si The'nlrii'^-I ""^ ^^^^^^ 
 country, covered with poila 14 irioll i-^* ""'^^^ ^^^ ^% 
 lows, hazel, and some sSldt-'^^^ m diameter, thick wif- 
 portion is gentlySnTand ^ox" T^'-H^U 1^'« ^ Remaining 
 of gilead, willol hS &c wi h 'Ir''^ ^^^^ "-^ P°l^^^^' ^^^^^ 
 and several large ponds S^ir Kl I 7 '""^^^ ?Penings of prairie, 
 
 soil, classes iIJTH T.:1.I 1883 '"' "^^' ^^^^ ^^^™ -^■ 
 
 and wlltwr^trnfber^^^^^^^^^^^ -th bluffs of popbr 
 
 Alluvial soil, on a subsoil nf .1 ^ ^"^ ? ^^^^'^^ in diameter, 
 
 ings are good farming d^nS T^ T^ =/}"^« ^- ^he open! 
 ated in Section S? if i '^ '. '°™« sloughs. A large lake is situ- 
 A. C kS, i«83.' '''^P'"' °^'^" *^«-tWrds oAhis section.- 
 
 woodtd'wlthti'edS^^^^^ *^T^^^^' ^« generally well 
 
 xnainin. sections are nearly over'/d wilw- t^*^°"?,^ *^« ^«- 
 poplar vet the lan^ i« ^eJ^ covered with timber, willow and 
 
 is das/f; the reml lit r^orlT""' ^'''i^^'^' '' '^' ^''^'^^ P^^t 
 adapted fo; settleCnT-f . FJ.tS: 1888 ^^""^ ' ^^^^ ^' ^^^^ 
 
 fnltnW '^xt^'pflTiTH'^^ ^^""^'J? ^^^°°^^<1 with poplar 
 1 and 2 arlthe only L iin TwhS:;if K ^^^'"^' '''^'- «^^*^«"« 
 be obtained. The remSS of 7nwr. v""'^"^'"^ \^^i ^^^ ^^^^^ «^^ 
 hills in the west is ckss ? L?; ^^^"J^'P aro"nd the foot of the 
 north-east, bTw covered 'w i h ^''^*t' ^^'^^^^ ^^' *^« ^^^^^^^ and 
 and being we fsonlv fit frL'^''^^'^''y S'*^^^^ «f billow. 
 can.howi:r!'breuL'^af^^^^^^^^^^ Portion 
 
 Panona Croek.-L. Patrick, is/s '"^^^'^"^ ^^^^ *« Long Lake or 
 
 47il. Sub-division and Outlinas.—Thif, tow-^i^ir -- r.., n 
 
 with a very heawirrowth of w7iT« T ^'/^ generally covered 
 
 ana at p jent ^isrA.'^X'X:L'rrt^T.:i&^ 
 
 46. 
 
"<»sa t .EdpW^ 
 
 266 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian— Range XXIV. 
 
 quality of hay, showing that the land in many cases has only 
 been wet of late years. A great portion can be drained into Long 
 Lake or the Panona Creek, as the land slopes that way. Soil 
 ranges from sand loam to clay loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 
 1, 2 and 3.-L. Patrick, 1883. 
 
 47. Outlines:— The vicinity of the east boundary is undulating prairie, 
 having many willow bluffs, hay marshes and small ponds ; class 
 1 along- this and the west boundary — A. L. Rmsell, 1878. 
 
 Sw6-rfji;tsio».— The only part of this township sub-divided is the 
 
 north-west portion, lying to the north-west of the south branch of 
 the Saskatchewan Eiver ; the remainder of the to^vnship is Indian 
 Reserve. The surveyed portion has a soil of good sandy loam, 
 very well adapted to agricultural purposes, and through this 
 portion Beaver Creek empties itself into the Saskatchewan. 
 There is plenty of timber for fa;.'! and feiicing, and several squat* 
 ters have already located themselves — J. L. Reid, 18*78. 
 
 Range XXIVil. 
 
 48. Sub-di in sion.— This is a fractional township situate to the west of, 
 and adjoining, Township 48, Range 23. It is covered with a very 
 heavy growth of willow and scattered poplar as far as the river. 
 The laud is of good quality, but is too wet for agricultural pur- 
 poses, as it is very flat, it is only suitable for grazing. To the 
 north ot the river it is still wet, but it is covered with a heavy 
 growth of poplar and willow. The poplar attains a fair size, this 
 portion is lit lor fuel and fence rails, Laud north of river is of 
 j)oor quality, being generally sandy loam. —I-. Patrick, 1883. 
 
 Range XXIV. — Continued. 
 
 4S 0,v^/u«p,s.— The central portion of the east boundary is poor, 
 sandy, wet, and covered with poplar and brush ; class 4. — H. D. 
 Ellis, 1882. . . 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines.— Lies between the north and south 
 branches ol the tkskatchewan River. Soil, is a good sandy loam. 
 This township may be called all bush, as it is timbered through, 
 out with poplar, willow and underbrush. The north branch of 
 the Sa£,kaichewan flows through the northern tier of sections, 
 while the south branch traverses the south-east corner. There 
 were several squatters settled along the banks of the North Branch, 
 and the township generally, from its great facilities ot water com- 
 munications, offers many inducements to the intending settler. 
 This township is only some seven miles from Prince Albert, one 
 of the most flourishing settlements of the North- West.— /. L. 
 Reid, 1878. 
 
 4». Sub-division and Oidlines.-This township is generally covered 
 with a very heavy growth of poplar, willow, jack pine, spruce 
 and tamarac at the westerly portion. The timber, in many cases, 
 is adapted for house logs ; " in some case.s the black poplar and 
 balm of gilead attain sulhcient size for saw logs ; the tamarac and 
 spruce are not large ; the timber is good for fuel, house logs and 
 fence rails. The soil is of inferior quality and is unflt for agri- 
 cultural purposes ; it is of a red sandy nature.— L. Patrick, 1888. 
 
 J 
 
 13 
 
 I 
 
9 
 
 lO. 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XXV. 
 
 SS:-J^^„\-[™';;f^-f.hoaviIy rolling p^rie. Numeron, 
 crossed iu Sot f auS? •£fl """'"i- ^i'^''"'"' Po-^s were 
 
 grarol subsoils cla.° a ^^h^^^"?? gravel with saud. clay Snd 
 4, and the north-wSt half of ^oT'' S""."' ^'"^'■°» « '» oI'»s 
 brolicu with hills ftom2io to 2.n T^' u®"""™ ^^ '^ S'ea'lr 
 valley.-^, o Frte/"^883 °' '''"'™ the level of the 
 
 agricSti^I^'fhe "soU Vn!f 'th ""^ ''""" ^"l.'^'i '" ^^--S 'han 
 
 Soil, black clay, clav and tLJ i '"'"^ ."larshes were crossed. 
 
 clay and gJelsIh^^nscul^^^^ 
 
 through Section Sl.--^/o ' irl'L ists ''''^' flows east. 
 
 iumpr*5;ti\urtraii7ots'd^^^^^^ ^ t"^^^- ^^^^-- -^ 
 
 sandy loam, ^vitn gravel Id s^onen?"'^ S^'^'I" ®°i^' ^^^^ ^^d 
 1881. '^ ^ ^^°^® ' classes 2 and 3.--A C. Tfei^, 
 
 3 5-, Outlines. — West verv liilUr . • • i , 
 
 Irom 10 to m feet Soil sZl. ''y' ^^^^ ' *^^ elevations rise 
 <Iark clay and grLl 1 s 3^No ^'T^^^ ' '^'^^^^^' ^^^i**^ <^lay! 
 1883. ^ ' ^""'^ "^^ ^« wood or water.-4. OAVIieeler] 
 
 ^^^^t:^^^"^"^^ «-S<^l«y loan, and sand3^ 
 
 northern slope of Dirt Hill^^^^^^^^ ^ ^'id 2. The 
 
 west through Section 36 Drt f f ^^" ^'^^l^^"' ^^^^"ds east and 
 
 . 1.-^. a ^.6/., 1881. ^ ^''^' °^ "'^^^^^« "^ Sections 13 and 
 
 .''• ^^"^^^^^ prairie. 
 
 course north. Cllss 2 %«hfovv valley, crosses Section sf 
 boundary, ^oino^ .'4* M-^ T^^^'^ ^^^«« 2^il«« of the wester^ 
 rising to^iorth and' west ■|;VafJ;'''r",^''"^, °^' ^«lli»g l»ill«. 
 topsofhillsandridgesbeinSL^SlI^I^^S;^ 
 
 sill 
 
 I 
 
i Hi 
 
 268 Tmpmhm ^y^^t of Second Jnitiaf XerifHnn.— Range XXV 
 
 ^!,''^''* S'vf®'' '"'^'''^ *^® '^"^® ""^ ^^"« l^nown as the Cactus Hills 
 occurs. They are about 425 feet above the plains on the north side. 
 
 f^SF^'^'S^?^ '°^i' ^y^7 sandstone occurs in these hills, beinj? 
 subsoK Tops of ridges are stony. A number of deep ravines 
 
 rantrtL*^of''''*^ri^ "^^ "^I *^^^^ ^"^^' ^-t-^i^^ consideX 
 Srm ' f ? good hrewood, viz., ash, maple and poplar, with 
 plenty of cherry and thorn bush Class 3.-F. W. mvLs 18a2 
 «rr«v IN r ^^*,"" ^"^ '''"^"S prairie, Soil, clay loam, with 
 
 ier^nn^9 T' f^^''"' ^ '^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^*' a creek crosses 
 feection 12. Fair farming land.— /I. C. Webb 1881 
 
 S«Wmseo«.~The township is level and rolling prairie clay 
 and sandy loam subsoils ; classes 1 and 2. Good land for farming 
 purposes Ihe west part is high and dry and more rolling. There 
 IS a small lake in teection 3. its water is good and fresh. There 
 are a fe^ dry creeks. Also a coal deposit in the north-west 
 corner of Section 19, which is at the foot of Cactus Hills ; there 
 LIT"" ™^,^^^° «^ this quarter section in the gully, which is 
 partly ash, cherry, maple and chokecherry, also a few poplar of 
 
 S^risir' ^°'^ ^'' ^''''^''^ "^^ fuel purposes -i)La,-.a«rf 
 
 14. 0«//,/.,s.--North- gentlyroUing, open prairie. Soil, a strong clay 
 ^ great depth, class 2. In Section 3o is a slow, muddy Lek 
 flowing north-east West-gently-rolling, open prairie^ So^' 
 generally a strong clay of great depti, class 2. Some cactus and 
 two or three sloughs.— F. W. Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 East-rolling prairie, with a heavy clay soil. A smaH creek. 
 Howing north-east, is crossed by this line near the southern limit 
 
 ^ ^^ T?r Ir ^"* generally water is scarce, and there is no wood. 
 — A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Svb-division- Open prairie, level on the east, but rollino- in 
 the western portion. No timber or bush whatever. There'' are 
 soine scattered boulders of limestone and grey granite upon the 
 surface in s^rae parts. Soil, 10 or 12 inches deep, with sandy 
 clay subsoil ; first class.— 5. Kerr, 1882. ^ 
 
 Iff. Outlines.-Sorth-is a gently- rolling open prairie. So-l, an 
 excellent clay of great depth. A few small sloughs. Class 1 
 West-is gently-rolling, open prairie, generally. The soil varies 
 trom strong clay, on Section 6, to clay loam on Section 7, and from 
 thence sandy loam up to Section 31, where it is again strong clay. 
 The land rates class 2. The Moose Jaw Creek was crossed three 
 times m Section 31, and is here a fine stream of 20 feet wide, and 
 2iieet deep, running about 3 miles per hour, winding about in a 
 valley about J feet deep, and one-third of a mile wide ; course 
 westerly There is a considerable quanticy of wood in the valley 
 01 the ash and maple species principally.— F. W. Wilkins, 1882 
 
 ^ast-undulating to level prairie. Soil, strong heavy clay ; 
 class 1. Moose Jaw Creek flows west through Section 24 • it ha^ 
 a current of half a mile per hour ; bottom soft and muddy, and 
 
 ; ••» --^xj^ ^Tatci crusscu aiong the ime. IN o wood. Good 
 
 iarmmg laud, suitable for grain.— PT. Fearce, 1881. 
 
16 
 
 17 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. -Range XXV. 259 
 
 ^^^it^gt:^^^^^^ r* ^°"^f^: Some ash timber 
 inches in diameter Vatte^edbonlT ^'f ^' ^^ «^^^ ^^^^ ^ ^^ 20 
 stone appear upon the Srfep« f J'''^^^^^ °f ^^^^ S^^^ite and lime- 
 
 qualityf 36 to To incLs In de«th -^^ ^^ "''- ^'''^' °^^^°«"«^t 
 B. Kerr, 1882. ^®P*^' ^*^^ ^^^^ subsoil ; first class.— 
 
 iiw'SeTk^rt^^^^^^^ -?^-« --i-«- into Moose 
 
 Pearc^, 1881. suitable lor gram. I^o wood or water— TT. 
 
 of Selronlfwikh^ii"?; "FCJ^^rS ^.f ^P^ ^^ ^^^ "o^tl^ l^alf 
 valley is ver/ s onv Soil ! ^7 f ^'"f "^^^^^ ^reek ; this 
 crossL in SecTion 30^a«d th. r ^^""^ ""H^^ °^^^^ 1- The C.P.E. 
 wood.-F.T^^/IL 1882 ^^'""" ''^'^ ^" ^^^"^^ SI- Some 
 
 4 to f^hltteT^fh ai °P^\P^^i"^- Soil, black loam, from 
 poses. The C PR' ZoLl f^^ f"'^'"''}-} «>ss 1, for farming p^ 
 
 there is a'stat'iS; 'cal d ptsnuT'??h^" ^^'T '' '''' ' 
 Section 27. No water ir. ^.^rl^ • ' ^ *^® north-east quarter of 
 
 by digging a few feet MrjtnV'' '''"'?''"' ^^^ «^V be obtained 
 
 Soil ii^hfs .ieinit^ ^^^^Z^^^::^--^^' 
 
 n^r^s?^^^^^^^^ C mrrsh\s'^-^;r f ^"^^- ^T^^ ^'^^ 
 loam to sandv loam wiflflla^ ? -i . ^^^^ ^'""^es from clay 
 
 by Moose SSkwWch^ '""^ '"'f '^"'^ ^- ^^^i^^d 
 into the QuIppelirR^^.r.nT'/'li!' ^^^^b-easterly direction 
 
 widthofabontTlVnks ato^^^^^ °f «urrey, had a 
 
 2 miles per hour • wat; Lo? v n ^ ^^?' ^""^ ^ ^^^^^^<^ ^^ about 
 
 prairie, the south^Mfof&il f ^''^ ^^^^^ ^^e 
 
 boulders, the north side TeW « ^'' t'V^*' ^"^ ^^^^'^^ed with 
 
 soil; there is rithtfrWeof^^^^^ ^^^^1' ^^^tb first-class 
 
 A\ J RainbotK 1882 ^ '"^ P^^'"' ^^^^^ *be creek- 
 
 -ytr^VtSLL^^^n^^rny^t^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^y. 
 
 ravLs oonnect^n?^^^^^^^^ Ind VSvT' '^ '^' 
 
 of which are rery high and steep ; class I-?^^ w7e' 1881 ^"^' 
 
 The soil is loam from e'to'is' inchp« w ?k'" V"™' ^^'^'' g^"i««- 
 class 1 for farming except on fb^l' ^'^^,^^^"^1 day subsoil, 
 gravelly and stonl' and c^Lses 3 and''4 ' °4'*^' ""'f ' ^^^^« '' i« 
 willows along the creek Th« t f • .i,^° '^°^^' «^c«P<^ «ome 
 tained in th/crX^stall^ar^^^^^^^^^^ Jr/.f^P ^^i^ -n- 
 
 pSy it^^r^nTffiJ:^^^^^^^ 
 17*=# ^^ ^^® *°wn of Moose Jaw, will soon be 
 
IE : :i 
 
 [i I; 
 
 260 
 
 18 
 
 19. 
 
 Towns/lips West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXV. 
 rtSLrS; ^'"^ ^^^ ^^^^"^"^ ^ ^^- settlers.^D.^., 
 
 0«</e^e5.-North--unduIating prairie ; hills, in Sections 83 and 
 
 o^' whS i''"' "\ *° ^.'^ *r^ ^^ **^*^*»t- ««". « *« 6 inches deep, 
 on white clay and sandy clay subsoils ; class 2. A large marsh 
 
 K^/''t ^^b^'^V^^wo-thirds of the central portion of Section 31. 
 
 1882 submerges the north of Section 86.-Gf. C. iJam6o</b, 
 
 .r.A ^^^*-^\a beautiful rolling prairie, with numerous sloughs 
 and hay marshes ; the soil varying from clay loam to sandy loam, 
 
 S 'A±{l'p^''''^' *^^ '^ '^^f ^^^« 1- ^'^ff^l^ Lake aJnd the 
 tju Appelle River were crossed on the north boundary of the town- 
 sHip. Judging from appearances ot the valley, this lake must 
 vary greatly m size with the seasons. The valley at both ends of 
 
 bv'fln^t«^7'^- r' "^^'«^y>.*»d a little saline, and is inhabited 
 by flocks of wild geese, pelicans and ducks. There is a little 
 poplar, ash and soft maple about the lake, and in the ravines or 
 coulees, which are numerous, and extend back from the lake from 
 one to three miles.— ^. J Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 East-rolling land Sections 1, 12 and 25 are greatly broken 
 
 ^d ?%J ''ilJ^^^r*?. clay, very hard and stony; classes 2 
 ihftJT'^ ^^ ^""^^ ^* Ti^^^^' ^- Q'l' Appelle River crosses 
 the north-easterly quarter of Section 86; course east; water 3 
 
 S,H iT ^^' T'^^T^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^'^ «^^tion is a musk;g swamp 
 and hilly; class 2.— PF. Pearce, 1881. ^ 
 
 or,^ |«*-'^«'^««'o».--Level open prairie. Sections 38, 84, 35, 3«, 25 
 and 26 are crossed by gullies, running to Buffalo Lake. The soil 
 18 dark loam depth 6 to 15 inches, with a clay subsoil ; class 1. 
 for farming land Buffalo Lake, which crosses Sections ^4. 36 
 and 36, is very attractive for the settlers of this vicinity ; its water 
 IB clear and soft, with whitefish and pike in abundance. The only 
 wood obtainable is on the banks of the lake, where there is poplar, 
 ash and a tew maples from 6 to 20 inches in diameter. Wate^ 
 can also be obtained from marshes. The fertility of the soil, and 
 Its proxanity to the C.P.R and to the flourishing town of Moose 
 Jaw, wil offer a market for the supplies of farmers.-i)«y»au 
 and Midland, 1888. x^»/«u,ia 
 
 r^nS'-^^^'iVi^-^'^u^ PJ**"^- ^ f«^ «°»^11 ^^'^^^^ were 
 crossed, boil, 5 to 7 inches deep, on sand, sandy clay and gravelly 
 
 ^^Hnl'in ^ ^'' ^•- N^^r^- West-rolling: broken, level and 
 undulating prairie. Soil, 5 to 7 inches deep, on sand and sandy 
 clay subsoils ; class 2. Buffalo Lake crosses the township in a 
 south-easterly direction from Sections 30 v„nd 19. This lake and 
 Its banks occupy about two-thirds of Ihe above sections, the 
 remaining portions being rolling and broken.-G. C. Rainboth, 
 
 East— high, dry, open, rolling prai • •-. Several grass marshes 
 and ponds were crossed. Soil, gravelly I.-am on a clay subsoil ; 
 uiaooeo i una o. A dry, shallow watercourse crosses Sectiou 24. 
 
20. 
 
 «1. 
 
 
 Tkompson. IUSI * ' " "^''"^'' ^'■« wooded.— U^ T. 
 
 Mdorfbltt^f'f-KufhfT" ,'^"'''''° f-*» »-»Pi« con- 
 are hills 200 feet hgh CO, erid'wir™;, ^°«'^■^°^' »' "«^ >»ke 
 and ash, f,„m 3 to 12 iuthetfndTl .!«'•'? ?'"'?P' "^ P»Plar 
 east of Buffalo Lake, second dai,f,h„ ^""'l '" "*? P"" »««»- 
 first class -C C. D„B^ger 1882' ^ south-west of it, 
 
 mairra?t^t™,f titd-'r'' ^ "^"'^ - ''' -' ?"»d s'^IS^ 
 
 -ere'^r; L'."^8^f ttl =" /"™-' -«" "-»hea 
 gravel; classes 2 and 8.1^ J. ZtTjlm'"'"^^' ''"' ^"'^ 
 
 9 inors-'tr^^h^-^li-ZruTtar'^" r r-P«- «»"■ « -r 
 class. -C. a D„Bers-er, 1883 ^ '"^'""' ' S™*""? second 
 
 ?«t ™diu?; we^'f^^rs 'tsir™^>" '>°»°- - 
 
 north line in Section 32 run-in'' son I, V" "^"""f '=™^'^^ "^e 
 chains wide and 250 feTt d«i w j"T' '" "} """'^y "^out 60 
 poplar, oak, ash and willow xt Zr k' "^'"^ «''"' ™aU 
 and 1 to 6 ieet dwn Ai^l ■ "", '* •'''o>»' -iO chains wide 
 
 time ,uitet hand fweet'^TlfelSl f^T "^ ---'«. atThis 
 strewn and gravelly ; XL Itdf-^T O^, Zt ''°"'"'^'- 
 
 soii.r.;iS';ti'rd^:r;'i:L7';ti'^^ 
 
 ?ur =.eSf '°^hfh=aii£ '"^- ^S ™"-" 
 
 To fe«t high, and in this ^ctftv ther"Tr/f' ""' '"'"' '« ""*="^ 
 mea.5ow waterconrse.- Vt M^„j,J:r„ ssf '' ^™' """* '»'* 
 
 .oSs^7oShc™^'uS^aud"• i:^™= '^1™- ,«°" ™P-ves 
 good water.-L. iJo™ 1882 •""'''ffcs class 2, No wood ; 
 
 mar£'a-;;dt^s''^'earws ^^^rSI'T . ^"'"T ™'« 
 with a sand and clay subToil dass ? t ,?"'\s;'^^fh loam, 
 dry grass meadow aid watercourse wilh '™, ^ 'I'l'^' ^ ^ 
 crosses the north-east partTsectbn 27 V T '^,^' '^"' *'«'>. 
 , Sub-division.~h rollinir and bmtir • • ^''.°»'/«'"». 1881. 
 third class. Litiu 4." ^^''''''^'^cnpraine. Soil, second and 
 
 corner. PonlaT' from"-!"^ t'""u "?Wb through the south-west 
 Littl.^U;^ ^h^r'^^.-'AlZ^eV-ls*--'-. - '•o^'' -des^of 
 
 '1' 
 
^^^^B' ]'■ 
 
 
 B: 
 
 HI 1 
 
 1 ' 
 
 Hi 
 
 262 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XXV. 
 
 23. Outlines. — North and west— open, rolling prairie. No wood r 
 good water; soil, class I. Excellent land L. JR. On/, 1882. 
 
 East — treoless arid gently-undulating. Soil, excellent. — E. 
 Bray, 1881. 
 
 Suh-diviston. — The north-east portion of this township is 
 level prairie, remainder rolling. Soil, is generally second and 
 third class.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 2M. Oiitlines. — North and east — slightly-undulating, open prairie, the 
 whole being high, dry land of a good quality of sandv loam. — E, 
 Bray, 1881. 
 
 West— open, rolling prairie. No wood ; good water. Soil, 
 class 1. Excellent land.— Z. R. Ord, 1882. 
 
 Snh-nivision. — Kolling prairie, broken by an alkaline plain of 
 considerable area. Soil, is a black loam with clay subsoil ; class 
 1, except in the alkali flat, which extends from the north outline 
 of the township southwards through the centre for a distance of 
 over four miles, about three miles wide ; the soil in this plain is 
 class 4. The water in the sloughs is good and fresh. No timber. 
 This township is well adapted for farming purposes. -/. P. B. 
 Casgrain, 1883. 
 
 SK5. Outlines. — North and west — is composed ol high, rolling prairie, 
 interspersed with numerous sloughs. From the west of Section 
 84, eastwards, the country is level, and admirably adapted to 
 farming purposes. Between Sections 86 and 36, an inlet, about 
 20 chains wide and 18 feet deep, runs from Long Lake, in a north- 
 westerly direction, through this and the adjoining township. 
 The Foil in this township is a good sandy loam, varying from 6 to 
 18 inches in depth, with clay subsoil. — H. C. Denny, 1*^82. 
 
 East — slightly-undulating and treeless prairie, with a good 
 soil. An arm of Long Lake crosses into the north-east corner of 
 the township. — E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is a prairie township, with soil of first-class 
 quality. There are a few sloughs containing good water. If 
 timber could be obtained within a reasonable distance, this town- 
 ship would offer great attractions to the settler. — H. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 26. Oullines. — North — is p .Jrie. Soil, red mould, black, sandy and 
 gravelly loams, with a gravelly subsoil ; classes 2 and 3. A 
 dry watercourse, 10 chains wide, crosses Section 86. No wood or 
 water.—/. Bignell, 1882. 
 
 "West — is composed of high rolling prairie. From the half 
 mile post in Section 7, to the post between Sections t and 18, is 
 an alkaline plain, extending about a mile to the east, and one 
 and a half miles to the west. About a quarter of a mile south of 
 the post, at the north-west corner of the township, is a creek, 
 about 2 feet deep, running in a north-easterly direction. The soil 
 is sandy loam, varying from 6 to 12 inches in depth ; the land is 
 well adapted for grazing purposes. — H. C. Dtnny, 1882. 
 
 East — slightly-undulating, with long and easy slopes. The 
 soil is good. There is no wood. — E. Bray, 1881. 
 
Jbufnshipt Wett of Stcond Initial Meridian.— Ranfre. XXV. 268 
 
 Sub-division. — High, rollinj^ prairie, broken on the south-west 
 by a gully. The soil is saudy loam, and is class 1. The lake in the 
 north-east quarter of the township contains good water ; there is a 
 lux;uriant growth of grass around its borders. An inlet of Long 
 Lake enters the south-east corner, its water is alkaline but drink- 
 able. No wood in this township. Well adapted for grazing 
 purposes.— 7. P. B. Casgrain, 1888. 
 
 27. Ow^/mes.— -North— hilly and broken prairie. Soil, saUviy loam ; 
 subsoil, sand and clay ; stony and gravtilly ; class 8. No wood 
 or water. West— undulating and broken prairie. Soil, black 
 and sandy loam ; subsoil, sandy and gravelly ; class 2. A small 
 creek, 3 feet wide, 1 foot deep, crosses Section 3 1 ; it flows east. 
 A dry watercourse crosses Section 6. — J. Bignell, 1882. 
 
 High, dry, open, level prairie, with a few grass meadows. 
 Soil, clay loam, with clay and yellow clay subsoils ; classes I and 
 2. Dry beds of watercourses to Long Lake cross Section 18. In 
 the north-east half of this section is a supposed inlet from Long 
 Lake— reedy, open water, 3 feet deep. A grass marsh and water- 
 course, also a dry creek gully, cross Section 12. Some of the sec- 
 tions are good farming laud. — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 SM6-(/tuisio«.— Gently-undulating prairie. The soil is a heavy 
 clay loam, with clay subsoil ; class 1. On the northern boundary 
 of Section 35, a fresh-water bay of a lake enters slightly. No wood 
 in this township. Well adapted for farming purposes. — M. J. 
 Charbonneau, 1883. 
 
 28. Ou(!/mes.— North— high, dry, open prairie. Soil, clay and gravelly 
 loams, clay subsoil ; class 1. A dry bed of a creek crosses Sections 
 35, 34 and the south-east half of 33. Several grass marshes were 
 met with. East — high, dry, open, undulating prairie, with a 
 few scattered grass marshes. Soil, clay loam, and clay subsoil ; 
 class 1. Section 66 is class 2. A cart trail to west from Touch- 
 wood Mission crosses Section 24. Good farming land on both 
 lines.— PF; T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 West — undulating prairie, stony in places. Soil, 8 to 24 
 inches deep, on a sandy loam subsoil; classes 2 and 8. The 
 north-west half of Section 30 is class 1. A creek, flowing south- 
 east, passes through Sections 19 and 30. Fair farming land la 
 places. — /. Bignetl, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division — The whole of this township is high, rolling 
 prairie, and slopes westward. The soil is a rich, sandy loam, 
 with sandy subsoil ; class 1. A small fresh creek runs tiirough 
 the west of the township ; its banks are about 100 feet high, and 
 very steep. The water in sloughs and in the lake situated in the 
 south-east is good. No timber. This township is fairly adapted 
 for farming. — M. J. Charbonneau, 1888. 
 
 8». Om^/imcs.— West— rolling prairie, with sandy and gravelly ridges, 
 
 and small ponds of fresh water. Soil, clay loam, excepting on the 
 
 ridges, where it is sandy and gravelly ; class 2.—/. Traynor, 1888. 
 
 East — high, dry, open, undulating prairie, several gr?-*?-? 
 
 xnarshes scattered about. Soil, clay loam, with clay and yellow 
 
264 Townships West of Stcond InifiulMsridiun.— Range XXV. 
 
 riny s-ubsoils ; clnsses 1 and 2. A large glass meadow, with banks 
 trom U to 20 t'eet hijrh is situated in Sections 12 and 13. Another 
 larffo grass meadow, with 18 inches of water, in places, is situated 
 in36,~ W^ T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 80. OM//i>e*.- "Wo«f — for the first three miles, going north, the conn- 
 try 18 rollrng p^nlrio, with sandy and gravelly ridges, and small 
 ponds ot f-"!;li water. Soil, clay loam, oxceptinrr on the ridges 
 where it is sandy and gravelly; class . Kemaining three miles 
 are gently-rolling prairie, with numerous grassy ponds and small 
 patches of willows Soil, sandy loam ; class 2.—/. Trai/nor, 1888. 
 East — high, dry, open, rolling prairie , grass uiarshes and 
 ponds are scattered about Sox], clay and gravelly loam, clny 
 subsoil, gravelly on ridges ; classes 1 and 2. A dry bed of water- 
 course, with banks 26 to SO feet high, crosses Sections 12, 18, :J4 
 and 36. Fair farming land— TT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 81. OM//t«es.— West— rolling, flat prairie, Section 19 is swampy. 
 Numerous small marshes scattered about. Soil, 10 to 16 inches 
 deep, subKoil clay ; class 1, Section 19 is class 2. East— level 
 prairie. Soil, 15 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 1. No 
 wood or water. Good farming land on both linos.— 7. C. Des- 
 meules, 1882. 
 
 3». Ot//7«w^.<(.— West— level prairie. Small patches of wood were seen 
 m iS'eotions 7 and 18, also numerous small marshes were met with. 
 Soil, 4 to 10 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 1. East— flat 
 prairie. Soil, 10 to 16 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 1. 
 bection 1 is a little stony; class 2. Little Manitou Lnko crosses 
 the township from Section 18 to 12 and i. Good farming land on 
 both lines. No wood.—/. C. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 83. Ott//jwgs.— West— two-thirds of this line is rolling prairie, with 
 numerous ponds of fresh water, and small bluffs of willows ; classes 
 1 J to 2. The balance is knolly prairie, with numerous deep ponds 
 aiifl grasisy sloughs, and ojumps of willows ; classes 2 and 8. 
 Eaf t~going north, the first five miles are rolling prairie, with 
 numerous grasf-y ponrls, stony and gravelly knolls. For the first 
 hall of this distance poplar bluffs extend on the west of the line. 
 Soil; class 2. The ha mile is classes 2 and 3. Soil, in the valleys, 
 IS generally good, but much broken, and, on the ridges, gravellv. 
 -/. Trapnor, 1888. ^ 
 
 84. CutUves.^ West- first four miles consists of knolly prairie, with 
 
 numerous deep ponds and grassy sloughs, and clumps cf willows; 
 
 classes 2 and 3. The next mile is rolling prairie, small ponds, 
 
 marshes and scattered knolls. The south half of Section 31 is 
 
 covered with poDds and marshes Remainder is undulating 
 
 prairie, with knolls, ponds and marshes ; classes 1 J to 3. East 
 
 — rolling prairie, with numerous ponds, scattered stony ridges and 
 
 knolls ; second to third class. The soil in the valleys is generally 
 
 good, but much broken, and, ou the ridges, gravellv—/. Travnon 
 1883. _ _ - - * 
 
86. 
 
 87. 
 
 lowHshipM Went of Second Initial MtsridiaH.—lUnge XXY. 265 
 
 . Outlines.—W nBt^going south, first half milo has numeroiis ffrMsy 
 sloughs and large ponds, then it is low and marshy, with water. 
 Here a lake commences, extending a mile on the line and about 
 60 chains cast, and from IJ to 2 miles west. The water is strongly 
 impregnated with saline matter and unfit for use. Remainder of 
 line from this point is rolling prairie, with grassy ponds and 
 sloughs; classes IJ to 2. East- going so ith, first third is 
 Jcnolly prairie, with numerous ponds, grassy sloughs and a few 
 6i!atteri,'d ridges. The remainder is knolly prairi.\ with gravelly 
 and' stony ridgos, and grassy ponds and sloughs. Fhe soil in the 
 valleys is generally good, but on the knolls and ridges, gravellv : 
 classes 2 to 2J.— /. Traj/nor, 1883. 
 
 Out/ines.—WGBt and east— knolly prairie, with numerous grassy 
 sloughs and large ponds ; classes IJ to 2J.— i. Traynur, 1883. 
 Outlines.— -Weat and east— rolling prairie, with scattered stony 
 Knolls and ndges, and grassy ponds ; classes 1 to 2 A. The east is 
 wetter, and the class is 2 to 2J.— / Traynor, 183 5. 
 
 0K//iwe5.— West— undulating prairie, with numerous grassy 
 ponds and sloughs. In the north half of Section 81 are bluflfs of 
 poplar and willow brush. Classes 1 to 2f East— the south 
 two-thirds IS knolly prairie, with scattered ridge.s, slightly stony, 
 and numerous deep grass ponds and sloughs. Classea 2 to 2J. 
 The balance is covered with willows and poplar. The timber 
 increaaes to the north. The last half mile is chieny poplar woods, 
 with timber 8 inches in diameter. Classes 1 and 2 — /. Traynor, 
 1883. " 
 
 Outlines.— Ihe country along the west line is covered with large 
 bluffs of poplar and balm of gilead, the timber measuring up to 
 U inches m diameter ; willow and hazel brush, with occasional 
 prairie openings, and a few ponds of good water. Soil, a rich 
 clay loam ; class 1. The country along the east line is gently- 
 rolling and covered with bluffs of poplar, balm of gilead, willows, 
 hazel, &c^, with a few small openings of prairie and several large 
 ponds. Soil, a black loam, with ciay loam subsoil ; classes 1 and 
 2.—/. Trar/nor, 1888. 
 
 40. Outfines.—MoBt of the west line is over rolling prairie, with 
 bluffs of small poplar, willows and brush. Soil, a rich black 
 loam; class I. Section 6 is hilly prairie, with bluffs of poplars 
 and willows, and scattered deep ponds ; class 2. The south 
 half of the east line is rolling prairie, with scattered small bluffs 
 of thick willows and young poplar. Soil, black loam ; class l. 
 bection 24 is a hilly country, covered with poplar 14 inches in 
 diameter, thick willows, haziol and some small prairie openings ; 
 ^1 i-"" c ^^^ northern portion is gently-rolling, and covered with 
 bluffs of poplar, balm of gilead, willows, hazel, &c., with a few 
 small openings of prairie, and several large ponds. Soil, black 
 loam, with clay loam subsoil ; classes 1 and 2.-1. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 ^. Outlines.— k\oii§ ihc west line there are many bluffs of poplar, 
 the trees measuring 6 inches in diameter, willows and brush, 
 
 89. 
 
i»b| 
 
 . I 
 
 
 i, e •'. 
 
 266 7)Hrmhipt We^t of Second Initial Meridian— Ran rt XXV. 
 
 with email openinprs of prairie intervening; a few pond« and 
 marshoB The «o,l is a rich black loam. frSm 11^ to 18 inches, 
 with a clay loam subsoil ; dafises 1 to I J. Eaat-gomir north 
 tcmr mileb are ovot rolling prairie, brush and icrub, with bluffs 
 of poplar and willow. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; class 
 1. In the next mile an alkaline lake, about 80 chains, is crossed 
 by the line extending some 80 chains west, and I to 2 miles east, 
 from this lake to the township corner the country is trentlv-roll- 
 mg, and covered with bluffs of poplar, willow prairie opeiings, 
 marshes and willow swamps ; classes 1 to 2J.~i. Traymr, 1888. 
 42. Ott/Jjn^s.- West-many bluffs of poplar, willows and brush, with 
 small openings of prairie intervening ; a few ponds and marshes. 
 Ihe soil 18 a rich black loam from 12 to 18 inches, with a clay 
 loam subsoil; classes 1 to If On Secvion 81, a lake is crossea 
 about J a mile wide and extending several miles in an easterly 
 and w^'sterlv direction. The water is fresh and good and abound- 
 ing with tish. East— gently-rolling and covered with bluffs of 
 poplar, willow, pnune openings, marshes, and willow swamps: 
 classes 1 to 2J.- /. Traynor, 1888. 
 
 45. Oumnes.-^onih -as far east as the Alkaline Lake the lands 
 generally fair in quality, although some of it is very good. 
 Ihroughoiit the country is much broken by ponds and lakes and 
 most ot It 18 covered with poplar and scrub. South and east of 
 tne lakH the soil is more sandy, the country rough and not 
 eligible for settlement. East of the lake, the timber gets larger, 
 ^d the woods more dense, with no prairie patches whatever. 
 Water IS abundant, though generally alkaline ; that in Alkaline 
 tiake IS quite unfit for drinking.— G. B. Ahrey, 18^*3. 
 
 Sub-divmon and Outline^.— Thia township is generally 
 covered with thick willow and scattered poplar, sufficient for 
 luel. and lor a small amount of fencing. The land is class 1 in 
 ail sections excepting those in the south-west corner, where the 
 land IS marshy, and only fit for hay The country slopes north 
 and south from the centre of the township.— L. I'atrick, 1888. 
 46ii. Sub-division and Outlines.— Is generally covered with heavy 
 willow and undergrowth, and a few clumps of poplar. The land 
 IS of lair quality, and is, on the average, ahead of many of the 
 settled parts of Prince Albert District, although there are some 
 sloughs. Surveyed also the boundaries. The western two-thirds 
 of the north half of the township is reserved for Indians.— 2i. 
 Jrairtck, 188^. 
 
 46. 0«</me.v^— East— undulating and level prairie, with a great many 
 blulls ot poplar and willow, also numerous ponds and hay 
 meadows. Class I. The Saskatchewan River crosses through 
 Section 26 ; it submerges nearly two-thirds of this section.— -ii. L. 
 Kussell, 1K78. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines.— This township is situated north, 
 and west of the south branch of the Saskatchewan. The land is 
 very good throughout. A kind of basin or trouirh extends east 
 and v\ est about the centre, in which the land is broken with 
 
•Rftng^e XXV. 
 
 26r 
 
 1\mn$hip$ Wett of Second Initial Methlian- 
 
 ^vZd*'J?rK^'''^n?'^u'"*"^"^"' «"^' to a considerable extent, 
 covered with small timber, the water iu the ponds is ulkalino 
 
 On the south bank of the river is an Indian Reserve.-i). f^inclair, 
 
 47. OM//*/,es.~North-undulating and hilly prairie, with nnraeroua 
 ponds and scattered poplar bfuffs. A wJll-beaten c^ t tr^^ross^ 
 the north-west part of Section 83 and also 86. A large pond and 
 hay marsh m Section 85. Class 1 throughout. West-rollfn./ 
 onen. broken and hi^ly nrairie. with numerous small mLhes^^d 
 
 }lt^^ nl^" '""T"'^ "^^'^t- ^«^^«^ Creek flows w^t thro^ 
 a marsh m the south-west part of, Section 80. A well-worn cart 
 
 J^ssTmT" *^' "^"^^ ^^^*^°^- C^^« 1 throughouTl^ i. 
 
 A IK ^"*-f ■V"»^'»» a»rf 0«M/,M-.Situated within 12 miles of Princa 
 Albert Settl.men . The soil is good ; there is plenty of wood fo? 
 fencing and luel, and hay in abundance. On tL w^le the 
 township IS well adapted for settlement.-/. L. Reid,im 
 Outlines -West --this line extends northwards for 3? miles, 
 where it reache. the North Saskatchewan River. The counTry^ 
 ^ndixlating and broken by willow and poplar bluffs, and a great 
 many ponds and hay marshes. A well-beaten road to the InS 
 
 S/ 1878.'"'''"' "' ^^ ^""^ ^^- ^^^^««« ^ ^^ 2.-4 i?S^. 
 
 V.rff "< ^i"'!'"'!" """"^ Outlines.-ThiB township, fronting on the 
 S)od '^Jl^f^^r^"' i« r» adapted for setSement. ^Thesofl 
 Ddin^wlLn "^"^f ^""^ fencing and fuel, and timber for 
 building wi h n SIX miles, on the north bank of the river. Nearly 
 
 ^Lw 187*8 ""^ ^'^ """ ^^^ ''''^' '' "^^^' occupation.-~rZ 
 
 Sub-division and OulUnes.~B<>nmg country. The soil is a venr 
 bght, sandy loam ; class 3. Wood^ in this township sui'tabllfj 
 fdel, rails and house logs.— J. L. Reid, 1883. «^'»»Ae lor 
 
 48. 
 
 49. 
 
;^ 
 
 JX 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XXVI. 
 
 ». Outlines.— West and east— heavily-rolling prairie; the slopes 
 average from 15 to 30 feet in height. Numerous small marshes. 
 In the west the sc^il is sandy loam, with white and dark clay, 
 also gravel, subsoils ; classes 2 and 3. Alkaline ponds are situated 
 in Sections 6, 31, 1 and 12. In the east the soil is poorer, being 
 sand and gravel, with clay, sand, gravel and yellow sand sub- 
 soils ; classes 3 and 4. A cart trail from Willowbunch to Regina 
 crosses Section 12.— il. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 lO. Outlines. — West and east — very hilly prairie ; a few small sloughs 
 and open ponds. Soil, sandy and gravel, with sand, clay and 
 gravel subsoils ; class 3. The north-east half of Section 1 is class 
 4. Section 36 is greatly broken with hills, about 250 feet above 
 the level of the valley ; Section 25 is rocky, 31 is class 2.— il. O. 
 Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Outlines.— West — very hilly prairie land, with marshes and ponds 
 scattered about, and slopes from 80 to 10 feet high. Soil, clay and 
 sandy loams ; subsoil, light and dark clays ; classes 2 and 8. A 
 large alkaline pond in Section 19. East— rolling prairie, hilly 
 and uneven ; ridges 25 to 100 feet high. A few ponds and marshes. 
 Soil, black clay, cky and sandy loams, with brown clay, white 
 clay and gravel subsoils ; class 3, A small creek crosses Section 
 36.— il. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Ow;Zz»2es— North—hilly and broken prairie ; soil, sandy and clay 
 loams. Some gravelly and stony ridges and ravines. Occasional 
 ponds and marshes. No wood — A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 West and east — rolling and hilly prairie land. Several large 
 ponds and marshes ; alkaline ponds in Sections 7 and 18. The 
 ridges range f.om 20 to 40 feet high Soil, clay loam, sandy and 
 gravelly; subsoil, white and dark clays, also some gravel ; class 
 8. A cart trail crosses from Section 30 to l.—A. O. Wiieeler, 1883. 
 
 Outlines — The north lies along the northern slope of the Scratch* 
 ing and Cactus Hills, and is stony and sometimes gravelly on 
 tops of ridges and hills ; this last feature prevails along all the 
 "boundaries. Soil, a clay loam ; clay subsoil ; class 8. The west 
 lies entirely in rolling hills, some of considerable altitude. 
 Numerous ponds and marshes. Soil, a good clay loam ; clay sub- 
 soil, but land rates class 3. The first three miles going north 
 on the eastern boundary lie on the eastern flank of rolling hills, 
 rising to north and west. Soil, a fair clay loam ; loose clay sub- 
 soil. The next three miles ascend and cross near the north-east 
 end of the range of hills known as Cactus Hills. The elevation 
 of these hills where crossed is about 425 feet above the plains on 
 
 3» 
 
 as. 
 
 th( 
 
 **^-^« VAi 
 
 1 , _i? J ,: 
 
 xviv. j.ix6r6 are a nuu.ijer oi uee^ ravines ou 
 
 
 jiortherly side of those hills, containing considerable quantities of 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.—Range XXVI. 269 
 
 f^'\J?f ^?'^l'''''^i°'^P^®' *«^ ^^^ P°P^a^. with plouty of cherry 
 and thorn bush. Class 3.-i?. IT. mV/tim, 1882. ^ ^ ^aerry 
 
 bub-dtvision— Very broken and hilly. Soil composed of 
 sandy loam, with a clay subsoil ; class 3. 6actutf Hills tCouffh- 
 ont are gravelly and stony on top. There is a large lie on fhe 
 south boundary covering parts of Sections 4 andT. There is a 
 coal deposit on the north-west quarter of Section 1, and a Httle 
 wood on the hill between Sections 1 and 2, compost of ash 
 cherry, poplar and willow, good for fuel only. gZ foTp^ture 
 M^LTmt'^'^' ^^^' ^ north-west ^corner.!^i:.rr. 
 
 **' S'nSvriJlS''^^"-'^''^"-.*?" ^^^daries the surface is an open, 
 gently-rolling prairie, with a few small sloughs. Soil clav loam 
 
 and in Sp.fPn^ i «' -^^ i^r^"".'*^ a number of sloughs were found, 
 and 1 liHIP^ri / • ^^t'^'^P'^^lP' ^^^ ^«^^« ^^«^' ^ few stones 
 subsoi Thfl J ^^P^^r- .^^'^' generally clay loam, on a clay 
 a?Iv a if J^ r^ ?*^' °^'.' ^\ ^^^ *^e east the soil is gener- 
 
 fewsIouX^ ^^t^^?.r'f/.^'P*^' ^^^«« 2. Some cactus tnd a 
 lew sloughs.—/^. W. Wilkins, 1882. . 
 
 Suh-division.— This township as a whole is all level and 
 
 wte Iw"^ T""'.- '^^^ ''V' '' :y loam. Id is excellent 
 wheat land ; classes 1 and 2. No timber in this township but 
 
 value of thl!r f.eoa], which if worked, would increase the 
 be X^WH hi r'^'P- f though surface water is scarce, it may 
 be obtained by digging a few feet.-Dumais and Michaud, 1883 
 
 2f a fpt"?"""'"? ^If ^"^ ^i' ^" boundaries. On the north there 
 varies f^r^r^ ^'^'' and smell poplars in places, and the soil 
 the xlf S. f * P''"^ T^ *" ^ ^^S^* «^^dy l^ani ; class 3. On 
 loam, and almost pure sand at the extreme north. There are a 
 
 vaTieff?^ " f ^""^ \^"^ ^T^S^^ ''^'^ '■ 0» t^e east the sU 
 vanes from strong clay on Section 1 to clay loam, Section 12 and 
 
 cZf Moo"^*' ' n"T ''' ^^^**^^ ^^ ^'"^g «S-i^ «t-ng ' W ; 
 class 2, Moose Jaw Creek IS crossed three times in Section 36 
 
 aW% ''"i ^ ^"' l*'"^^ ^^ 20 feet wide and 2i feet deep, running 
 deep and^^ono.r^r' '^^'^^^^S^^or.t in a valley abiut 7o\e? 
 abie^ou n,iHv nf ""i ? ?i!^' ^^^'' "^^^'^ ^««terly. A consider- 
 
 « ,^^«f-^*'^**'*"^--Kolling, open prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with 
 land ^ fc ^ K^ sandy subsoil ; class 2. It is excellent Wheat 
 ihA I rt^""' ^""t^P* ""'' the north of Sections 35 and 86, on 
 the banks of Moose Jaw Creek ; there is also a little fuel and 
 Watrrl'^'p*^ "'/^l Scratching Hills about 15 or 20 miles distant 
 Water m several places, but can be got anywhere by dip<nnff. 
 
 3h /'"rrl^""^ improvements in this township ; it wUl soon be 
 settled. The proximitv nfth^ no»,„j;„,. tj^-:^! 'n^.i o""^" iJ« 
 
 fnviin «f lu^^" f •' ":•"•-;"""•-"-" -1 aCmv; iiuuway anu ine 
 
 miui Zr '*"'■ ^'" ""^ " 8"°^ -'>=e'-i^».<.« "od 
 
 15. 
 
 1 
 
! 
 
 S ! 
 
 i^lf 
 
 S'ZO lowmhips West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXVI. 
 
 16 Outlines.— ^orth.— is undulating prairie; the sides of hills are 
 rough and full of boulders. Soil is a hard dry clay ; class 8. 
 Moose Jaw Creek flows east through Sections 35 and 86. The 
 Moose Jaw and Thunder Creeks unite in Section 38, and flow 
 north-east. Another small creek, course north-east, crosses the 
 line three times in the north-west portion of Section 33.— PT 
 Pearce, 1881. 
 
 "West and east— open, gently-rolling prairie. Thunder Creek, 
 a small stream, with a rapid current, crosses the line in Section 81. 
 On the west the soil is a good clay loam, except on Section 6, 
 where it is almost pure sand ; the land rates class 1. On the 
 east the north half of Section 36 is in the valley of Thunder Creek 
 <or. more properly speaking, the Moose Jaw Creek). This valley 
 is very stony. Soil, a good clay ; class 1. The Canadian Pacific 
 Railway line crosses the township, and the Cypress trail lies in 
 the same direction as the railway. —i^. W. Wilkins, 1882, 
 
 Sub division. — Level and gently-rolling prairie. The soil is 
 loam, of about 6 inches deep, with a clay loam subsoil ; class 1, 
 and good farming land. The Canadian Pacific Railway crosses 
 this township liom Sections 86 to 81 ; the town of Moose Jaw is 
 situated on Se. 'ions 32 and 38, and is prosperous and flourishing. 
 The Canadian Pacific Railway Co has here erected a dining hall, 
 workshops and round house. This township is well watered by 
 Moose Jaw Creek, which runs north-westerly from Sections 1 to 
 27, and north-easterly from Sections 27 to ti6. Fuel and fencing 
 wood can be obtained on the banks of the creek. This township, 
 owing to the fertility of its soil, the Canadian Pacific Railway* 
 and a good market, should be very attractive to settlers —Dumait 
 and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 Outlines.— Jb a beautiful rolling prairie, with numerous sloughs 
 and hay marshes ; the soil varying from clay loam to sandy loam, 
 with clay subsoil, and is rated class 1. Drained on the south by 
 Moose Jaw Creek which has a depth of 2J feet, with a (-urrent of 
 about two miles per hour; water good, running in a depression 
 of about 40 feet below the prairie. The south side of the valley 
 is rattier abrupt and covered with boulders, the north side has a 
 gradual slope, with soil class 1. There is a light fringe of bush 
 in places along the creek.— A\ /. Rainboth, 1852 
 
 Sub- division. — Level, open prairie, except the south-east part 
 from Section 12 to Section 5, which is rolling and undulating. 
 The soil is composed of dark loam, averaging in depth from 2 to 6 
 inches, with a clay subsoil and is class 1 farming land. Water 
 in marshes. No wood whatever. The nearest timber is on the 
 banks of Buffalo Lake, 10 or 15 miles distant. This township is 
 well located, and it^ position, close to the town of Moose Jaw and 
 the Canadian i acific Railway, and a good market, should make it 
 very valuable for settlement.— Dwwat*- and Michaud, 1883. 
 Outlines.— On all the boundaries the surface is a beautiful rolling 
 prairie, with numerous sloughs and hay marshes, the soil varying" 
 from clay loam to sandy loam, with a clav subsoil, and is rated 
 class l.—£. J, Raiubolh, 1882. ' . 
 
 IT. 
 
 18. 
 
 SJ 
 
 *'vmnKni^lnmifTmtpm* 
 
 *"*SW^^'WWWW*WWWWi 
 
1» 
 
 ao 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXVI. 2*71 
 
 loam^r!"'^''''- '"''^r ^^f' ''P^" P'"*^"^' The soil is composed of 
 oam, averaging from 6 to 15 inches deep ; class I for farming 
 
 10 ^■ilp??uT''? ' ^t "^^'"'^ '' °^ *^^ ^*^^« °f Buffalo Lake, 6 o? 
 
 iSv where hr^i ^^''' '' i!J^^'' ^^ "'*''^««' ^^^^ ^^^ ^^ Obtained 
 tow^^hr ?) ^^^?mg. Many squatters have located in this 
 township. —DMWajs and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 0«//me.9^ -West-level prairie ; a few small marshes were found 
 scattered about. Subsoil, clay ; class 1 throughout. Good farm- 
 ing land wel adapted for wheat-growing.-l. /. Rai^M, iZ. 
 ^ast-rolling and broken, level and undulating prairie. Soil 
 6 to 7 inches deep, on sand and clay subsoils; ckss 2. Buffalo 
 
 t^,^i^fTf l^ tH^°^*^-^^^«* half of Sectiok 26andthenoX 
 east half of Section 24, thi« lake and valley occupy about two- 
 thirds of these sections, the remaining portions being^romnl Tnd 
 broken. A coulee crosses Section 12.-(?. C. Rainbl, I882!' 
 
 The ^tfhlZ f- ^^^^- ^l*^",^^' ^^^^ ''^^l generally first class. 
 Ihe north-east portion is broken by Buffalo Lake which is 
 
 isTnT^f'^^^^^^^^r ^'l ^''' ^g^'<>^ which are scattered 
 islands of poplar and ash timber, measuring from 3 to 12 inches in 
 
 ^TLlBe^'^:tml *'^ *^"^^^P - -11' ^*«^ ^- settl Jmtt.- 
 
 ^TltZ'Z^^"^ ''*''*> •'' S'°^' ^^y' ^P^^' ^°"i^g prairie. A grass 
 Twn .r^' ""T^f '"^ ?'^*^^.^ ^^- S°^l' S^^^fily and clay loams ; 
 subsoil, eW Sections 82 and 33 are stony and sandy ; classes 2 
 
 Sertifn qf ^^7'. «^^"«y^ Watercourse crosses the line twice in 
 Sectio^ 81. Pair farming land.— .1. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 nrn«„!^^ 7 M S."^/. '"''1^'"? P'^^"^" ^ ^^^ ^^^^ll marshes were 
 crossed Soil 7 to 8 inches deep ; subsoils, loam, sandy and sandy 
 
 Secli'on sTtL' '^1 '• ^i^^^^^^«. '^'^^^^^ «^«^ t^-thirdso^f 
 Wl A ' *^V ^"?7 «f t^^« lake is 230 feet below the prairie 
 
 PA ., r^^^'^oo^^^ ^'°'^^' *^^ south-west half of Section 31. — 
 Rambotk Bros., 1SS2. 
 
 m^t ^^H^''f'^^''^-^'l^ broken prairie. Several small marshes were 
 met with, boil, o to 7 inches deep; subsoil, sand and gravel • 
 classes 2 and S.—G. C. Rainboth, 1882 ^ ' 
 
 TnwS;*^* m '''"•.TTu '' *«^°«hiP i« of a very similar character to 
 Township 19 with the exception that the soil is not of quite so 
 
 hroin'''p*^ff V''?^i ""^''^y "^^'« 2. The south-west portion is 
 broken by Buffalo Lake.- C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 21. OuUines.-kW the boundaries were surveyed over open, rollino: 
 
 prairie; no wood. Soi), fair, but gravelly! with bou?der-stn'^^ 
 
 frail o?o;/''''"?S '^'r h ^^' Q^'Appelle and Saskatchew^ 
 
 hronth fr ''^''1^ r* ""{ township ; the Little Arm River curves 
 
 through the north boundary -Z. R. Otd, 1882. 
 
 Ihe southern part which is in the sandy and gravelly belt 
 between the Arm and Qu'Appelle Kivers, is not vfry good for 
 ^nculture. liuffalo Pound Hill is quite prominent^and com^ 
 mands an extensive view. No wood.-IT. F. JTtW 1881 
 
 oub-divtsinn — T>i» b/-,i1 i« *u:„ a ,-i-- : " '--rr- x 
 
 „„ Ti , . — T" • ^" '^3= tuvvnaiiip 15 01 inaiueieiit 
 
 quality, being second and third class. Several lakes occur, the 
 

 S3. 
 
 34. 
 
 2T2 TbwHships Wert of Second Initial Meridian— Ran^ XXVI. 
 
 water in which is fresh and good. No timber of any kind.— 
 C. aDw^erg-^r, 3 882. 
 
 23. Outlines.— On all the outlines the country is open, rolling prairio. 
 vVoodin Little Arm Valley, which crosses township from north- 
 west to south-east corners. Soil, class 2 on south side of valley, 
 and class 1 to the north of it.— L. R Ord, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— Ib rolling and undulating prairie. Soil, classes 
 2 and 3. The southern part is much broken by the valley of 
 Little Arm River. Water in the river is slightly alkaline, but 
 there is a lake of good fresh water in Section 6. Some small 
 patches of poplar in river vaPey.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 Outlines.— Is open, rolling prairie on the boundaries. No wood : 
 plenty of water. Soil, class l.—L. R. Ord, 188.^'. 
 
 Sub- division.— Ib generally undulating prairie. Soil, alluvial, 
 with sand, clay and gravel subsoils. Few swamps were met with 
 and no timber. -C. G. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 Ow^/mes.— North— open prairie, having an undulating surface, 
 with long slopes, all high and dry land, with a good soil.— 
 E. Bray, 1881. • 
 
 West and east— open, rolling prairie. No wood ; plenty of 
 water. Soil, class l.—L R. Ord, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— la of a precisely similar character to Township 
 23.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 35. Outlines— From the post at the south-west corner of this township 
 to the post between Sections: 19 and 30, the country is undulating 
 and mtersoersed with numerous sloughs. The north half of the 
 township consists of high-rolling prairie, much interspersed with 
 sloughs. The soil is 'sandy loam, averaging 12 inches in depth.— 
 M. C Denny, 1882. 
 
 Sab-division. — As a rule contains excellent farming land. 
 The only drawback is want of timber for fuel, building, &c. The 
 water in the sloughs is generally fresh and good. Land is 
 generally class one.— jET. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 36. Outlines. -North— hilly and broken prairie. Soil, sandy loam and 
 gravel ; subsoil, sand and clay ; class 8. Stony in places. No 
 wood or water.—/. Bignell, 1882. 
 
 The west and east is composed of high-rolling prairie, inter* 
 spersed with numerous sloughs. The soil is light sandy loam, 
 about 6 inches in depth ; subsoil, sandy. The ridges are strewn 
 with gravel. The township is best adapted for grazing purposes. 
 —H. a Denny, 1882. ^ ^ ^ 
 
 Sub-division.— ^gh.-ro\\\ug prairie, and dotted with numerous 
 sloughs. Soil, sandy loam, with sand subsoil, and rates class 2, 
 except in the alkaline flat, situated in the south-east corner of the 
 township, where it is class 4. The water in the sloughs is good 
 and fresh. No timber, Best adapted for grazing.—/. P. B. 
 Casgrain, 1883. 
 
 37. Outlines.— All the boundaries are over undulating prairie; stony 
 and gravelly in places, and without wood. On the north the soil 
 IS brown vegetable mould and sandy loam ; subsoil, sandy and 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran fft XXVI. 278 
 
 . fi^^'^^k ' class 3. A large pond ie in Section 82. On the west 
 the eoil IS loam and sandy loam ; subsoil, gravelly ; claas « ITew 
 small marshes. On the east the soi^l is blai^nd sandy loj^- 
 subsoil, sandy and graveUy ; class 2. A small creek three Zt 
 wide, one foot deep, crossas Section 86, and flows east. A l^ 
 watercourse crosses Section 1.— /. Bignefl 1882 ^ 
 
 .S«6-.itmsjon.-The west half is undulating prairie, with 
 ^avhZ^'Vhr^-f- The east half is much brokL by hUl.^d 
 1 Ind '• tII w f '' ^ «^"dy loam, with a sandy subsoil ; classes 
 Ir .u f ^^*^^ '"^ marshes is good and fresh. A luxuriant 
 
 fsS?aLfrf'''^"**^''W«- No timber. Thisto^rp 
 18 best adapted for grazing.— itf. /. Charbonneau, 1883. 
 
 28. Ou^/t«e.s-._North— high, dry, open, rolling and hillv prairie A 
 great many grass m.rshes. Soil, gravelfy and clay foams clav 
 subsoil ; classes 2 and 3. Little De%il LaL is situated ScS 
 th;tr«? '"f'^' "^^ slightly saline ; shore stony on east side^ 
 W r^/l «t«^P' narrow, wooded and about 100 feet high.- 
 rv. I. inom/json, 1881. ° 
 
 West-very hilly and rolling prairie, broken by large ponds 
 b?«l 1 ^''^^ T'l small marsies. Soil, vegetable m?uld and 
 black loam ; subsoil, gravelly and sandy, stonf in places; class 2 
 s^onv Xr^8 t'n"o; • East-undulating prafrie ; some parts are 
 2 and'q fi' i '''ff ,?««?' ^n a sandy loam subsoil • classes 
 
 2 a,nd 3 . the north-eas half of Section 26 being class 1 Devil 
 We is situated m Section 36. A (.reek, flowing south-east passes 
 thraugh Sections 24, 25 and 26. Fair farming^land.-T ij?;^//! 
 
 Sub-dioision.—mgh, rolling prairie, rery much broken bv 
 
 cWri'^and 2^% J'^^ '^i! " \^^"'y ''T'J'''' sandy tb^oS! 
 Classes 1 and 2. The aorth-west cornei- of the township is dotted 
 
 with sloughs ; water fresh. The ridges and bottoms of the coS 
 are stony and gravelly. There is a small patch of wood in ^ 
 „ coulee in the north-east corner of township, consistinTof e^m 
 SlLlHst ""''' '''''-' '- '--^^ Purposei:!.^^^' 
 
 3». 0«<^me6-.-West-broken or hilly prairie, with numerous deep 
 I^nds or basins. Soil, on hills, chiefly Land and gravel but iS 
 the valleys of fair quahty ; classes 2 and 3. East-rollinff 
 Sf ' V^ 'f ^T ^""^ gravelly ridges, and small ponds of fresh 
 «Tdl;.. ?i ' 1^ loam, excepting on the ridges, where it is sandy 
 aud gravelly; 'class 2—1. Iraynor, 1883. *. 
 
 80. 0«^/mes -On the west Section 6 Ik broken and hilly. Ponds or 
 ^ . Dasins boil on hills, chiefly sand and gravel, in the valleys 
 of .rtir quality ; cla.ses 2 and 3. Rem.,:Ining five miles a'-e rolling 
 prairie, with stony and gravelly knolls ; class 2. E:^^t-for thi 
 hrst three miles, going north, the country is rolling prairie, with 
 sandv and gravelly iidges. and small ponds of Iresh water So 1 
 clay loam, excepting on the ridges where it is sandy and gravellv! 
 Uass 2. Remaining tnree miles are gentlyrolling prairie, with 
 
 numerous P-rftRSV r^nnflo o«^ » 11 _,x^v,. o^ J ia,inc, Wltu 
 
 sandy loam ; class 2.-/. Traynor, 1883. * 
 
 il 
 
 1)1 
 
 'Il 
 
S8. 
 
 274 Tjwnshipx Watt of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXVI. 
 
 81. Outlines— West and east— rolling, flat, dry prairie. Section 24 is 
 swampy and class 2. Numerous small marshes were crossed. 
 Soil, 10 to 16 inches deep, subsoil, clay; class 1. Good farmiuff 
 land.— /. C. Deamei^les, 1882. 
 
 82. Out/ ines.— here] prairie. Small patches of wood wt-re seen in 
 Sections 12 and 18. Numerous small marshes were crossed. Soil, 
 4 to 10 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 1. Littlo Maniton 
 Lake crosses the township from Section 13. Good farming land. 
 — J. C. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 Owil/mes.— West— going north, the first three milep are broken with 
 numerous knolls and deep ponds. Soil, gra Ly on the ridges 
 and knolls, and of fair quality in the valleys , classes 2 to 0. 
 Kemaining portion is rolling prairie, with some small knolls, 
 ridges, ponds and mar' s. Soil, .lay loam; classes I and 2. 
 East — the first four mi' ;< a? 3 rolling prairie ; numerous ponds of 
 fresh water, and smau i^.ciJs of willows ; ciasses I J to 2. The 
 other two mil^s are knolly prairie, with numerous deep ponds 
 and fjrassy slonirhs, together with clumps of willows ; classes 2 
 and 3. — 1. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 0«//iweJ.— -West— rolling prairie, with some small knolls, ridges, 
 ponds and marshes. Soil, clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. No wood, 
 except sn all bluffs of willows and poplar around the edges of 
 some of lux. marshes. East— first four miles. Sections 1 to 18, 
 are knolly prairie, with numerous deep ponds, grassy sloughs and 
 clumps of willow ; classes 2 and 3. The next mil ^ is rolling 
 prairie, small ponds, marshes and scattered knolls. Sojth half of 
 of Section 36 is covered with ponds and marshes. Keriainder is 
 undulating prairie, with knolk, ponds and marshes ; classes U to 
 3.—/ Traynor, 1883. 
 
 35. Outlines.— West— is composed of knolly prairie, with large grassy 
 ponds and sloughs ; classes 2 to 2J. East— going south, first 
 mile is knolly prairie, with numerous grassy sloughs and large 
 ponds ; classes IJ to 2f Here a lake commences, extending a. 
 mile on the line, and abouv 50 chains east, and from 1| to 2 miles 
 west. The water is strongly rmpregnated with saline matter, and 
 unfit for use Remainder of line from this point is rolling prairie, 
 with grassy ponds and sloughs; classes IJ to 2.— J. Traynor, 
 1883. 
 
 84. 
 
 36. 
 
 87. 
 
 Outlines. — "West — is composed of knolly prairie, with large grassy 
 ponds and sloughs ; classes 2 to 2J. East— knolly prairie, with 
 numerous grassy sloughs and large ponds ; classes 1^ to 2*.— /, 
 Traynor, lb83. 
 
 Outlines. — West — rolling, undulating and very stony prairie. A 
 few small bluffs of poplar, willow and scrub ; average size, 6 to T 
 inches in diameter. A great many marshes and ponds were 
 crossed. Soil, 3 to 6 inches deep, on a clay and gravel subsoil ; 
 classes 2 and 3. A cart trail crosses the north-west half of Sec- 
 tion 19.~C. A. Biggar, 1882. 
 
 East— rolling prairie, with scattered stony ridges and knolls. 
 
k 
 
 88 
 
 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.-Range HXVl. 
 
 275 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 4a. 
 
 S. A lake occupiM « £e irni^f"! "."''""> ' ?^'^^^ '• ^ and 
 merges part of Section ■« A .,rf / "T""!! '^V " ""'* '»'^« sttl" 
 
 rolling, covered with ponlar wllll'i iV?,™''''' " ™<>ulatin<r and 
 deep pond. .„." gZT ired Z.n " t' ,r'nd "'S^Tl"'-'^ 
 nearly two mi es wide several mnlTii, iL. !? ' , ^^'^ ^"^^ " 
 in shape. TheremaiuderrfthMi^I ■ " , ""S'll. and very irregular 
 
 bluhs^of poplar's wrow;"e'rsd7'ro^/™'| T"" ""'H 
 covered with lar^re bluff* r.f r.^, T /i ,"' J^^'st --country is 
 
 measuring up tf 14 i ches^Z ' ^'"^ ^" ,? "^^'^^^^'^^- *^*' ^^^^ber 
 
 line is in hilly prairie 'wi h blnffj„f "'°""""'5 VoMon of the 
 scattered d«epVnr; 'oC a"f V^^' fss' *"'°"'' '"'* 
 
 large lake i. 'tu^^e^tL^^ A 
 
 openings'of prair eTntervenW 'a ; "^^ ^."^ ^™'^' ^^^^ ««iall 
 soil is a' riches tZ]t^i2\l'Vi:c^.T^T'Y .^^^ 
 subsoil ; classes 1 to H-I TrayZ, 1883 ' '''"^ ' '^'^ ^"'^ 
 
 0«//mes.-_\\rest— rolling to level nrairip A f.^ n 
 
 and ponds. Soil 6 to ll irinh!! J P'^^^"®' ,A 1*^^ s^nall marshes 
 
 ?s-tr^rfeS■'S4^^^^ 
 
 openings of o a ii.tt™""!.''''';^.!""^' "jO h™*. with small 
 
iim 
 
 276 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Ranp^e XXVI. 
 
 hf.lf a mile wide, and extending several miles in an eapterly and 
 westerly direction. The water is good and fresh, and abounding 
 in lish — /. Trai/nor, 1888. 
 
 tS^. Oi(tJinPH — Sonth — land is generally of fair quality, although 
 some is very good. Throughout it is much broken by ponds and 
 lakes, and most of it covered with poplar and scrub. There is but 
 little prairie.— G. B. Ahrey, 1883. 
 
 Ei\.st — much thickly grown willow and some poplar. The 
 land is class 1, except in the south-east corner, where is is 
 marshy, and only suitable for grazing. — L Patrick, 1883. 
 
 3tib-division. — Kolling and undulating prairie. Soil, sandy 
 and black loam, with sandy loam subsoil ; class 1 throughout. 
 Good iavmingland. The greater part cannot be settled without 
 draining. Good water ; and timber enough to supply the needs 
 of a good settlement. — H. LeBer, 1883. 
 
 45. Sub-division and Outlines. — Is a fractional township, situated on 
 the north-west bank of the Saskatchewan ; it is all thickly covered 
 with bush. The whole size of the tow nship does not comprise an 
 area of more than five sections. The land is generally very good, 
 but the greater portion of it would require to be drained and 
 cleared of the thick undergrowth with which it is covered, before 
 it could be brought under cultivation. There is good water, and 
 timber enough for all the needs of the settler. — D. Sinclair, 1878. 
 
 46il. Sub-division. — This township is unfit for settlement, on account 
 of it being co , ^d by an immense quantity of sloughs and ponds 
 of different dim^ "ons. Close to the banks of the Saskatchewan 
 River, traversing it, ':here are a few portions suited for settlement, 
 but very difficult of access. Draining is possible, but would be of 
 great cost. Soil is of very good quality, consisting of an alluvial 
 soil of six inches, on a black sand subsoil ; classes 2. and 3. — H. 
 LeBer, 1883. 
 
 --Tr 
 
 46. Sub-division and Outlines,- The land in this township is very good 
 throughout. A kind of basin or trough extends east and west 
 through the centre, in which the laud is broken by swamps, , 
 meadows and small ponds, and is covered, to some extent, wath 
 small timber. The ponds are alkaline. — D. Sinclair, 1878. 
 
 47. Outlines. — North — open, rolling and undulating prairie, with 
 scattered bluflfs of poplar and willow, also numerous ponds con- 
 taining water, and many marshes. A well-beaten cart trail crosses 
 Sections 32, 38 and 36. A gully, ten chains wide, was crossed in 
 Section 34. Ciasses 1 and 2. East — rolling, open, hilly and 
 broken prairie, with a few scattered bluffs, also numerous small 
 ponds Beaver Greek Hows west through a marsh in the south- 
 east portion of Section 25 A well-worn cart trail crosses this 
 creek in the abore section by means of a bridge. Class 1 through- 
 out.— il. L. Rfisseli, IS'm. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines. — 'The close proximity of this town- 
 ship to a grist mill and stores, and the good quality of its soil, 
 
 ^•^hW.W'^.a . i- ^ ^mt. 
 
 ■t C.Ul4Ci. 
 
 
 .Ul- 
 
 iL a vciy vLcs^iiaui 
 
 i^«._i:i._ c_ J.I.- 
 
 ia>ij.i. 
 
 jf «K 
 
 h^'££^ 5v^^«.aCa . 
 
 fT\U« 41 _.- _ 
 
48 
 
 4». 
 
 ^nU>>s West of Second Inr^a, MeriMan.^nange XXYI 21>I 
 
 north or south brancht's or the SasL^^^ obtained on either the 
 Ou(/lnes.-Kast~ihi, ],•„. *^« /*^«l^atchewan.-/. i. ij,,-^, jy^g^ 
 
 it reaches thtl/th"s ^atThl^utTJ!'^ ^'^ "^'^-. where 
 
 latin- and broken by wniovv nn i "^i;- T^^ ^°^'»try is undu- 
 ponds and hay marshes Awl] if W^^r bluffs, and numerous 
 crosses Section's Is" nd 2 itT^tZJlt'^l *'" '"'^^" ^^^^'^ 
 24 aro partially oultivaW^nVtL rclM'=''T,.°''- "° " ™d »'«> 
 -^Po„ai,„les.e,poo4^L^l':„t-.b.U,^^^^^ 
 
 ^'^^•f^iviswn and Outlines -~ae^,-,^r.,.i t x 
 
 sandy loam, over-layLfsaifd J^s 3%\- M^"^" ^'^^'^^^^^^ 
 spruce popler and wil?ow some ve^v -- ^'i^ ' "^^'^'^ ^'^^ 
 found, but the timber is mostlvTooIm wi^°''^ ^T^ logs may be 
 and firewood.-^/. L. Retd,Tm ^°' ^"y*^»^ff but fencjflg 
 
 is 
 
 18J#* 
 
 'ii 
 
1; 
 
 9. 
 
 11 
 
 TOWNSIIirS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Ranoe XXVII. 
 
 Outlines— The fruits of the spttlors' Tv'orkhere show the soil to be 
 rich, giving an ouormotis yield of gndn and veg< tiibl«>B There 
 is a fair supply of wood, of various kinds, in Muddy Creek 
 valley also some lignite. — /. McLaf'hie, 1881. 
 
 Outlines. — West — rolling and hilly prairie. Two small marsho^ 
 in Section 7 contained the only water fomid. Soil, bandy loam^ 
 subsoil, dark and light clays ; class 3 ; the north-west half o^ 
 Section 6 is class 2. East— very high-rolling prairi. land, the 
 slopes ranging from 15 to SO feet high JSumerous small marshes 
 scattered about. Soil, sand loam, with white and dark cl.iy, also 
 gravel subsoils ; clasees 2 and 8. A large alkaline pond in Sec- 
 tion 12. Fair farming land.— il. 0. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 lO. Outlines — West— rolling and heavily rolling praii . . The slopes 
 ranging in height from 10 to 40 leet. Soil, sandy loam ; subsoil, light 
 and dark clay, some gravel in places. No surface water. East 
 —very hilly prairie land, hills range from 60 to 250 feet high. 
 Several small marshes. Soil, sandy loam ; subsoils, light and 
 dark clays, also sandy and gravelly ; class 8. The north-east 
 half of Section 86 is class 2.— A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — West — uneven and heavily-rolling prairie, the ridges 
 range from 15 to 30 feet high. Soil, suudy and peat loams ; 
 subsoil, black and white clays, with some gravel ; class 8. The 
 north-west half of Section 19 is class 2. Lakp of the Elvers is 
 situated in Sections 6 and 7, its banks are from 80 to 40 feet high. 
 Water alkaline. No wood ; fresh water scarce. East — hilly 
 prairie land ; several ponds and marshes. The hills raugo from. 
 80 to 70 feet high. Soil, clay and sandy bams, subsoil, light and 
 dark clays ; classes 2 and 8. A large alkaline pond in Section 
 24.—^. O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 Outlines. — West— hilly prairie. Soil, clay and sandy loams, with, 
 gravel and stones on ridges ; classes 1 and 2. A large pond in 
 the north-west of Section 31, this was the only water seen. Good 
 agricultural land. — A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 East — rolling and hilly prairie land. Several large ponds 
 and marshes were crossed. The elevations range from 20 to 40 
 feet in height. Soil, clay loam, sandy and gravelly, subsoil,, 
 white and dark clays, also some gravel ; class 8. A chain of alka- 
 line ponds is situated in the south-east of Section 13, also two 
 larger ones in Section 12. A cart trail crosses Sections 12 and 1. 
 A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Outlines.— ^QiiiouB 31 to 33 are rolling hills, decreasing in eleva- 
 tion to the east, with numerous ponds. Tops of hills, stony and 
 gravesJy m general. Class 3. ^:3ectlOns 34 to 3G lie along th& 
 north flanks of rolling hills, with some ponds, and a little slony 
 
 1» 
 
 18. 
 
 1^ 
 
 V. 
 
 15 
 
 I 
 
14. 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.^Ran.:re XXVII. 279 
 
 in places ; soil, a fair clay loam. Class 1? The t^asf l,nnn,io«, 
 lies ontiroly in rolling, hills, some of considerabo al itude w?X 
 
 "^sr c':r',T^^'r= topsofhin—ati:^^^^^^^ 
 
 Wator^''o.rav.V„'„TT ^'"^ '^'T'^' orcasioual swamps with frosh 
 
 daesV ^Seol!"?f*'r "^ V^^'^f. ^'°*1' •^I'^y and sand loams; 
 ciass . feeciion (, is cla,s8e8 1 and 2.--A. C. Webb, 18M 
 
 part n Is'TT^'"^ undulating, especially the south-west 
 part. It IS, as a general rule, unlit for a-riculture Several 
 swamps were seen, water in them soft and fn4 • the 1-md «nr 
 roundinc. the swamps is ^ood for pasture No wood whatver 
 
 liTi/ss '""• ""'''' ' ''''^ ^^^^°^^ • ^'^^^^^^ ' -nd\-Tk 
 
 OuMines.-The north boundary is in rclling hills, across Section 
 
 thisll^^TinTint"'"'''"^''^^'^^ '' "^ ^-^^^'^ ^2; balan^eof 
 of hi ^^ P'^'r?*".; """^^^'•ous sloujrhs nil along, and tops 
 
 of h'U« a ways stony. Soil, a light clay loam ; clay subsoiT cS 
 
 r.l»!\fr'™>' °",™'" '" J'''"=™- Soil, gonorally a clay loam ^ith 
 
 agi 
 
 t ?^;. T~ ^"^ '^''*n?u^ P°'*^°" '^f *^i« township is unfit 
 •dranH." / ^^1"^°^ " T^" ^^^aining portion olfers some 
 jranta^ .. ^t us .hghtly undulating, with a great many swamps 
 
 **■ em'ufno;;:^! '^\'*''^^ '' gently-rolling, open prairie, with a few 
 ■ sT Sect"t. tuT"^^^^^ a^ravelly loam, trom Sections 31 to 
 fntViT? » "m ^^ '''■^' '^^"^•^^^ pure sand. On the west 
 
 hi it ''^' "^'^1' ■^^^«" r^'^' ^^^^ li»« passes over romng 
 
 ■ amUr •T;^*"^^^^"^^^; Tops of hills stony. Sections 30 
 
 clav In.;. ■; ' ^7.''^n>nient ot the Missouri Coteau. Soil, a fine 
 ThJ ia'^i^'LT''^""-^' ' ''''^J ^""«^- Tli^' land rat.s c ass 8 
 south to slm?f ^'"''?'. '^'^^1' ^^"S"^g irom day loam, on the 
 
 ' a^ mres cW "^' ?"'* "*'t ^"^"'^ '"^^^' ^* *^« extreme north ; 
 a\eraget, clab* > :i j, w si^a-hs— i^. TF. tF/:/A:«V/.v, 1«'2 
 
 t\nnf'^i'J^T'''i\~J-^^ 6outh-west part of this township.' from Sec 
 C6t^4u Th^Jn ^V^ ^''^''' ^'>' '^^ ^^^^i»S hills of Ih. arand 
 
 on tores' 01 hmriL^' ''^'' '' ''"''^^ ^"^^^' ^^ouy and gravelly 
 on tops ot hills. There are numerous hay swamps and nonds 
 
 This part of the township is well adapted for cattle^rais no-.^ The 
 
 i:^:::^^;^''^-]?^^^}^'- son sandy loam, and dassl 
 
 • JL^l'^^f if- TTMi ^^P"^^' ^he nearest being in the vicinity of 
 
 the bcratching IIills, from 10 to 15 miles distant. Water pienti- 
 
 
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 23 yyiST MAIN STBEIT 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14S80 
 
 (716) 873-4503 
 
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 280 Toumshipg West of Second Initial MeHdian,— Range XXVII 
 
 ful. There is a small lake in Sections 38 and 28, in which the 
 water is clear and fresh. Some good hay marshes. As a general 
 rule, this township is adapted for stock raising, and also for agri- 
 cultural purposes.— X>tt/nais and Midland, 1888. 
 
 16. Owj/jwes.— North— undulating surface, gradually sloping to south 
 and west, to Thunder Creek. Soil, very hard and dry clay ; class 
 8. A slight growth of grass. Sections 31 and 82 are in the 
 valley of Thunder Creek. Soil, fair ; classes 2 and 3. Two cart 
 trails, the C.P.R., and a small creek, flowing north-eaat, cross 
 Section 31.— PT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 West -open, gently-undulating prairie, with a few marshes 
 at the south. For the first four miles, going north, the soil is a 
 gravelly loam, on a gravelly subsoil, and the land rates class 8. 
 The remaining two miles rate class 1, the soil being a strong clay 
 of great depth. blast— is an open, gently-rolling prairie. 
 
 Thunder Creek was crossed in Section c6. This is a very small 
 stream, with quite a swift current. The Cypress trail crosses 
 Section 25, and the C.P.R. Section 36 Soil, in Section 1, almost 
 pure sand ; balance a good clay soil, class 1. Some wood in this 
 township.— F. W. Wi/kins, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^This township as a whcle is rolling, open 
 prairie, although some sections are very level. The soil is com- 
 posed of loam, with clay loam subsoil ; class 1 for farming pur- 
 poses. The south part of this township is sandy loam and 
 gravelly ; class 2. No timber. Thunder Creek, which crosses it 
 from Section 32 to 36, furnishes good fresh water. The C P.R. 
 crosses the township from Sections 31 to 25. Many settlers located. 
 — Dumais aud Michaud, 1883. 
 
 17, Outlines.— GeneraMy on the outlines the country is a beautiful 
 rolling prairie, with numerous sloughs and hay marshes ; the soil 
 varying from clay loafn to sandy loam, with clay subsoil, and is 
 rated class 1. Thunder Creek and the C.P.R. cross the south-west 
 corner. Ihis creek had a width of about 56 feet, and a depth of 
 3 feet, with a sluggish current ; water good, and flowing through 
 a flat or valley of about U miles in width, with a gradual slope, 
 and about 50 feet below the prairie level, there being no wood 
 whatever along this creek.— .E. /. Rainbot/i, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level and gently-rolling prairie. The soil is 
 dark loam, averaging in depth from 6 to 12 inches, with a clay 
 loam subsoil ; class 1 farming land. No wood. There are some 
 hay marshes, with bad water. Good water can be obtained by 
 digging. This township, owing to the good quality of its soil, 
 and its close proximity to the C.P.R., makes it very attractive to 
 the settler.— Duinais and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 Outlines.— Ai, appeared from the boundaries, is a fine rolling 
 prairie, with numerous sloughs and hay marshes ; the soil varies 
 from clay loam to sandy loam, with a clay subsoil, and is rated 
 class i.—E. J. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 Sub- division.— Level, opei. prairie. Soil, composed of loam 
 of about 6 inches in depth, with a clay and clay loam subsoil ; 
 
 IS. 
 
 
SI. 
 
 %«wn,Mp> Wea of Second IniUal MeHdim.-Ri.nge XIVII 2»t 
 
 fceen"seSnTl'!^H The only water seen was a hay marsh 
 located in tlSl'Znihl^iLi r/^.^o^^SSr''" ^"« 
 
 snbsoil ; first off-c't' S^Ber^;, \" 82 ''"^^' """ " °'»' 
 
 "■ r??S^- -•'-^; Ss-^ian-a-'i-Trs^ApS 
 
 frctt an-K%rt^„';r5Hers^4rr^^^^ 
 
 lu oection dd. A deep ravine passei- through Section <il T^i- 
 S'?f 'L'rn T' is^Tlv ■""" *"''\'" 'theTnrSn'tke ^^t 
 
 section IS level and dry.-IF. T TAom/y.srm, 1881. 
 
 inarshp« ^'^^^jJ^^^^V''"'"^ prairie, with numerous sloughs andhav 
 
 vajiey, tnis Jake must varv irreatlv in ni-zft wlfV, +►. 
 I^eordmg as they are wet or'drf al L™ L! aTboth endl Ttl« 
 
 priKd so,?rp!rhiit .r?4ro^; -. £Hii 
 
 a fr J^° T"" '\P''''' °f •'"' '^^' ""'^ i'' level rdroiiit prairie • 
 over?wo.thirds.^f S:^.i„;1r kTvaUey o?'^'l^L ufe^is'^S^n 
 
 
ill 
 
 282 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian —Range XXVII. 
 
 Enst— rolling prairie; soil, fair and good, 8 to 12 inches 
 deep on a gravel subsoil ; class 2.—L. R. Ord, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The soil is from 6 to 6 inches in depth, -with 
 enbsoil of sand and gravel, and generally of third class quality. 
 The southern part of the township is much broken by the valley 
 of Qu'Appelle River and its tributaries. The water in the river 
 is alkaline, and varies in depth from a few inches to between 6 
 and 6 feet. Ash trees occur in some places in the vicinity of the 
 river.— C C. DuBer^er, 1882. 
 
 22. Outlines. — North and west — the land is rated class 2, being in 
 general a sandy or gravelly loam, stony in some parts. The land 
 is suitable for settlement. Whenever water was found it was 
 fresh. No timber.— W. Btll, 1882. 
 
 East— rolling prairie, with a few small marshea. Soil, 3 to 
 12 inches deep, on a gravel and sandy loam subsoil ; classes 1 and 
 2. Sjction 24 is a stony flat, with gravel boulders ; class 4. A 
 large lake occupies nearly two-thirds of the north-east half of 
 i-'ection 1, A small creek connects two small marshes in the 
 north-east half of Section 12. A creek, flov/ing east, with high, 
 steep banks, and an old cart trail, cross Section 25.— L. R. Ord, 
 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is generally rolling prairie, and 
 the soil second and third class, Irom five to eight inches in depth, 
 with a subsoil of sand and gravel. The ncrth-east corner of the 
 township is broken by the valley of Little Arm Eiver. The 
 Water of this stream is slightly alkaline, but there are three lakes 
 of good fresh water in the township. — C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 23. Outlines. — North and west— the soil is all of good quality, and is 
 class 1 ; it is, in general, composed of a rich clay loam, from 6 to 
 12 inches in depth, with a clay subsoil in some parts and sand in 
 other parts. The country is* all suitable for settlement. The 
 Little Arm Hiver is the principal stream in this township ; its 
 water is fresh and good. Water, wherever lound, was fresh. No 
 timber of any kind —W. Bell, 1882. 
 
 East — rolling prairie. Soil, good, 10 to 12 inches deep, on 
 sandy loam and gravel subsoils ; class 1. A large marsh is situated 
 in the central portion of Section 24. Good farming land.- L. R. 
 Ord, 1882 
 
 S''b -division — This township is broken by Little Arm River 
 and valley, which crosses the township in a south-easterly direc- 
 tion. Otherwise the land is level and undulating. Alluvial soil 
 of second and third class quality. A lake of fresh water in Sec- 
 tions 3 and -i.—C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 S4. Outlines. — North — open prairie, having an undulating surface 
 with long and easy slopes, and consisting of high, dry and good 
 land— JS. Bray, 1881. 
 
 West — the soil is of good quality, and is class 1 ; it is, in 
 general, composed of a rich black loam, from 6 to 12 inches in 
 depth, with clay subsoil in some parts and sand in other parts. 
 The country is all suitable for settlement. Little Arm River is 
 
a5. 
 
 26. 
 
 2Y. 
 
 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.-^Ranfre XKVH. 288 
 
 the principal stream, and crosses the south-west quarter of the 
 township ; the water is fresh and good. Water, wherever found, 
 was fresh. No timber of any kind — W. Bell, 1882. 
 
 Jiast-rolling prairie. Soil, 10 to 12 inches deep, on sandy 
 loam and gravel subsoils; class 1. No surface water. Good 
 agricultural land.— Z. R. Ord. 1882. 
 
 \.^ J^!'.^''^V''''T^^^?^^^ township is high, rolling prairie, broken 
 by Little Arm Creek, which flows southward through the south- 
 west corner of the township. The soil is a light, sandy loam, 
 with clay subsoil ; class 1. Along the banks of the creek it is 
 stony and gravelly. Little Arm Creek is about 15 feet wide, 2 feet 
 oeep, with a slight current ; the banks are about 120 feet high ; 
 the water IS slightly alkaline, but drinkable. No timber. Well 
 suited lor farming purposes.—/. P. B. Casgrain, 1883. 
 
 Outlines.-North-high rolling and gently undulating prairie, 
 numerous marshes and ponds. J^oil. sandy loam ; subsoil, sandy 
 ^am and clay, and sandy clay, gravelly on ridges; class 1. 
 
 w est— level prairie, numerous small sloughs were crossed. Soil, 
 sandy and clay loams, with sand and clay subsoils ; class 1 
 throughout. A small creek, about 60 links wide, 3 feet deep, 
 passes through Sections 19 and 30 East— high rolling and 
 
 unduJating prairie, much cut up wilLi sloughs. Soil, sandy loam 
 and sand subsoil ; class 1 throughout. Good farming laud on all 
 the boundaries.— I?. C. Denny, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division —Dtj, rolling prairie, with gentle slope to north. 
 Ihe soil IS a dark sandy loam, with a clay subsoil ; class I. The 
 lino between Sections 32 and 33 intersects a lake, whi,;h contains 
 good water ; the sloughs also contain clear and fresh water. There 
 18 a luxuriant growth of grasS around the lake and sloughs. No 
 timber. 1 his township is well adapted for farmiiiff — / P. B 
 Casgrain, 1883. '^ 
 
 Outlines -.Yrom the south-east corner of this townshii) to the post 
 between Sections 1 9 and 30, the country consists of a level prairie ; 
 Irom this ])oint to the north-west corner it is slightly undulating, 
 and the land is wet and much cut up with sloughs.' The soil is 
 a dark sandy loam, varying from 12 to 18 inches deep ; subsoil 
 sandy— jy. C. Denny, lo82. 
 
 Sub-diimion -The east half of thi3 township is much broken 
 by hi is and marshes ; the west halt is drier and almost level, 
 boil dark sandy loam, with sandy subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. Water 
 in sloughs IS fresh ; no timber. The east half is well suited for 
 grazing, there being a good growth of grass around the sloughs. 
 
 Ihe west half IS better adapted for farming.— /. P. B. Casgrain, 
 1.000. 
 
 OW/i«g.s.— North— is prairie, interspersed by a few small marshes, 
 feoil, vegetable and black moulds; subsoils, yellow loam, sandy 
 loam ami clay ; class 2. The north-east half of Section 8 1 is clai 
 
 i /^*^«t— l«/t^l prairie. Soil, a good loam, 21 inches deep; 
 Class 1. Lxcelkmt soil for grain growing, and good agricultural 
 land on the north and west. The east ib slightly undulating 
 
't 
 
 S84 
 
 \ 
 
 28. 
 
 SO. 
 
 81. 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian^Range XXVII. 
 
 gravelly . class 8. A few small marshes were crossed.—/. Bignell, 
 
 noHt^:T%Tr'^i^^ 7"i"^ P^«"^« ^""^ «lope« towards the 
 classt^ «r.'^ 9 '^i '' ^ I'f ^* ^°""'' ^^<^^ ^^^y «»b8oil, and rates 
 rlT! T^ \ ^h^ south-east corner is hilly and s onv on the 
 
 tI1+T if • 1, ^ ®^®* ^^^^ ^^ ^8t adapted for tarminj? The 
 west half 18 well suited for grazing purposes.-itf. /. cZbonneau, 
 
 i^n?^~^'''*^r'^''yi^^"y' ^^"^^ *»d b^^ken prairie, with 
 dee? %nU T^«^^«/»d large ponds, some of the latter 3 to 6 feet 
 3 Th« .?J' ^^ ^"d gravelly loams ; clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 
 L, 1881 ^'' '^"^^ ^'"""^ ^^ ^"^ ^^ ^'"^ '"^ lieight-fT. T. Thomp. 
 
 West— level prairie. Soil, black and yellow earth, with a 
 clay subsml ; class 1. Three small marshes were crossed ii Section 
 SO^ and one m Section 19 ; these contained the only water seen 
 Good farming land, well adapted for wheat. East-^™ hX 
 prairie with large ponds and a great many small marshes Soil 
 vegetable mould and black loam Tsubsdil gravelly and sandy ; class 
 
 c ??, • "^^^""^^ ,?ood grazing land.-/. Bignell, 18S2. 
 
 sIouiSl llTd'Tn.^^'' TK^ P'^l'^^ J^'*?"^ ^y ^^"« ^^<1 numerous 
 s Zn7l T I \^ ^H 'P'^ '« ^'^^^ ^a°<^y loam, with sandy 
 subsoil ; class 3. Many of the ponds, though small in area, arl 
 very deep and contain good water. There is a good growth of 
 gra.s around the marshes and ponds. No timber.^ Well adapted 
 for grazing purposes.- itf. J. Charbonveau, 1883. ^^^aptea 
 
 d^e'iT;7^^? ^""^ east-broken or hilly prairie, with numerous 
 
 fn th Fv it °' ^f^- ^?-'^' ^" ^*"«' *^^i^*'y ««^d a"d gravel, but 
 m the valleys, of fair quality. Classes 2 and 3.-7. Trainer, 1883. 
 
 Outlines—The west boundary lies over broken and hilly prairie 
 with numerous basins or ponds. Water fresh. Soil, on hills and 
 TS:lir'''^n^= in the valleys, of fair quality; clnssos 2 to 2* 
 
 rexcent sVcHo"^, ^T*u^'- ^i!^^*"°y ""^ ^^^^<^^^y kno"« ; class 
 A except^Sect on 1, which is broken or hilly prairie Here the 
 
 soil on the hills, is chiefly sand and gravel ; in the valleys of fair 
 quality ; classes 2 and 3.-/. Traynor, 1883. ^ 
 
 ?^^'Z''-i:^''^^r^}'^'^^^^ '°"^"« P'-^^^ie- with numerous ponds 
 and marshes. Soil, 8 to 12 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 
 L Good agricultural land. Ji'ast-level prairie, with a great 
 
 &ns 0, 'Jn'^^'^Pr'^^ "^^^ long grass were crossed in 
 
 rpn+r^ r. .• Jt !^ ^^'"^ '^^* ^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^ Situated in the 
 central portion of Section 12.-/. C. Desmeules, 1882 
 
 ^olaToZ7-~f'^^'^^ ^""^"= P^^^"«' b^^ken by marshes and 
 S?Lnil ^°^^^"^»/ 1«»? g;ass. Soil, 6 to 17 inches deep on a clay 
 
 Ea^t-;iw't 'Vl?, '^^1^^'^' ^^PPly of water. \xo woS 
 iiast .oiling to slightly rolling prairie, stony and rocky, with 
 
84 
 
 Tbumthipi West of Second Initial Meridian.-Range XXVII. 28& 
 tion 24 13 class 3. The southeast half of Section oT l„,i ftl 
 
 ?)^it:t.. i?8r ^^ '-'-- '' '^^ '^ ^ LX°swai;!L^/^c! 
 
 classT' H^rff W ^ '"^ ^' '°y^"^ ^^^^"«- Soil, clay loam, and 
 lake about 60 .'h"' "'""T ^^% '^'^''^^ ^^^ ^^ ^ ^^^^^1^ ^^t^r 
 north-west NoWhTfv'^fl '"^ extendiug some miles to the 
 juonn west iNoith ol this the country is rollintr prairie with 
 ndges. knolls, grassy ponds and marshes. So 1^ dav ok J of 
 
 S deep^'nonds sin ""'^if ^'' ,\'''^"? ^^^^ numerous knolls 
 S^tFitrL he vdlePctL r'^Bem"' '"°"^' T^ ^' 
 
 of willZ ^ ' ^^^f *^\1 'in,d ^- ^N^o timber except small bluffs 
 
 l^:^e7--rTr!;^^rlit'' "^"^' ^'^ ^'^^^^ '* ^°-^ ^^ ^^' 
 
 ^o'l!iS"''"T^^'*r'''"'"^ P'^"i^' with some ridges, knolls cn-assv 
 ponds and marshes Soil, clay loam, of good |uality ; ciaSes I 
 nol; ,^^«t- rolling prairie, with some small knolls ri/ljres 
 ponds and marshes. Soil, clay loam; classes 1 end 2 imall 
 
 0|/7/j«e.._West-Section 31 is rolling prairie, with scattered 
 l^f^sr7nin^'%^^^^^^ '^- ReLind "of 
 
 0«<//Ws.--Along the west it is rolling prairie with scattered 
 knolls and large grass ponds ; classes 2^0 2^ ' Ilono- the east 
 
 '^■n^'umei^us'Ir^^ '^^ ^^-y prairie, with 
 
 sXoils crssl A^?i' * *^ 5 "^^he« deep, on clay and gravel 
 
 small hlnff-« nf ^ r 1, • ^^" ^^^ *^'ast ihere are a few 
 
 Sn A- P^'f'^"' ^'"'^^^'^ and scrub - averao-e size 6 to 7 
 inches in diameter-and some class 2 land.-C. ii>vSr, 1882. 
 
 hh!ff^^~'^^^^ ^'''*. ^' ''^'y ^^^^y- ^«^^i»g and stony prairie with 
 
 classes 1 2 «nH q a ^^ '''' f '^^^>'' ^'^^'*^^ ^'^^^ ^^onv subsoils ; 
 thTunrlh T f\u ^ "u",^*" ^^ '^^"y !""« is Situated ii'i Section 1 
 the north side of these hills covered with bush and scrub A sa t 
 
 crtSoTol Th'r f- \r' trail and the teCap^lne 
 prairie A 1!!; ^^'^ 'I '°^^'"°. undulating, hilly and stony 
 
 51!^ f ^"^^ ^"^'^y marshes were crossed. Soi', a to 7 inches 
 
 deep, on a clay subsoil, classes as follows .-Section's G. 7 aniThe 
 
 SS, 
 
 36. 
 
 SS. 
 
286 
 
 [\>wnships West of Second Initial Meridian— Ran ffe XXYU. 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 faTmtri'nn^'^^^ \^ T ""^^^ ^ ' ^^' ^^"»«i"der is class 1 and good 
 larmingr land.— C. A. Biggar, 1882. 
 
 ^^ a^d wSunlf*";'''"^"^ ^°^ undulating prairie, brokon by ponds 
 and wet lands : also numerous alkaline beds, very wet. Soil 4 to 
 b inches deep on a clay or gravel subsoil , classes 8 and 4. Section 
 
 toMt CV'f «^ T^ *,T^ ^"^ *^" telegraph line cross the south- 
 west halt oi Section 12 -G. A Biggar, 1882. 
 
 (^omg south on the east line as far as the Saline Lake, which 
 IS met m Section 24 and left in 12, the country is undulating a^d 
 rolling, covered with poplar, willow bluffs, prairie openings and 
 deep ponds Soil, good. Classed from first to second. The iX 
 18 nearly two miles wide, several miles in length and very 
 ^!P *'■.!'' ^^^??- ^^^ remainder of the line is rolling prairie 
 with scattered bluffs of poplars and willows; classed IJ to i 
 —I. Traynor, 1883. * 
 
 0«/^J^«.i-.--West-.undulating and rolling prairie, broken by ponds 
 of c ear, fresh water. A thick growth of poplar was found ^ 
 
 su£r ''i '' n^;'^' /°^^' 2 to 8 mches d'Lep.onland andcla? 
 subsoils; classes 2 8 and 4. The trail to Carlton crosses Section 
 '•■" ^ A. Biggar, 1882. 
 
 Wn/''''*"-"^'^^^*."'" ^^^ rolling, covered with poplar, willow 
 bluffs, prairie openings and deep ponds. Soil, good ; classes 1 to 
 ^' — ^. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 OM//tne5.-.West-rolling and hilly prairie, with poplar from 8 to 
 b inches m diameter, in clnmps with scrub. A few ponds. Soil 
 
 nlif o a'^^^'i-'"''^ f^"^y^^^^: ^^«^ «a»d and gravel subsoils; 
 Class .. A saline lake is situated in the north-west of Section 18 
 l^M- T^h-east of 19. A large marsh is located in the latter 
 KirTn^ ^^ ^^"°^ ^^°"* ^^ *° ^^ ^^^* ^" height.—/. A. 
 ««. .f ast-rollijlg and undulating prairie, with a great many 
 small ponds and marshes ; thickly covered with poplar 3 to 10 
 inches in diameter; also clumps of small willow. Soil, 3 to 6 
 inches deep, on a sand and gravel subsoil ; class 2. A large lake 
 IS situated m Sec'ions 13 and 24.— if. LeBer, 1883. 
 
 Sab-fljvidon.-khont one-half of this township is fit for settle- 
 ment. \V ater, good ; can be had in nearly every section. I imber 
 IS abundant and large clumps occupv (^very section. Alluvial 
 soil b mches deep ; subsoil, sand and gravel ; classes I, 2 and 3.— 
 -a. LeBer, 1883. 
 
 ^^' £"f "/'•""^'^f -^« ^il^F I^^nd, tho elevations rangin- from 50 to 
 80 feet in height. Small bluffs of poplar scattered about ; also a 
 greit number of small marshes. Soil, 2 inches deep, on a sandy 
 loam subsoil ; classes 3 1o 4. A large saline lake submerges 
 bectious uS U> and over two-thirds of Section 31. A stream, 10 
 leet wide, 1 foot deep, muddy bottom and good current, flows 
 west through Section 30. Bast-rolling to level prairie, with a 
 few small marsnes. Soil, 6 to 12 inches deep, on clay and sand 
 subsoils ; classes 1 to 4 A large marshy ravine crosses the central 
 portion of bection 1. A fresh water lake and a small stream flow- 
 
TawnsMp. West of Second Initial Meridian.-Ran^ XXVII 287 
 
 stream, 8 f^^t ^ide, 12 ° cherdeeM Zil^'' T"^"" ^ ««^^" 
 muddy bottom, IIow8werttW„?^ * '^^^ <="J-r<'«t and 
 
 land.-!/. ^. jrUT882 ^^ ^''*'^" 2*^- G^ood iarming 
 
 this ^^;:''XI:^:^^^ t:i' *'^rr ^^^« -^^«- — « 
 
 nearly OQO feet, but decZo in helf^ ^^Y^'^t^^^n an elevation of 
 of ridges and knolls. wTth very s?p^^ 
 
 but in places produces a denL o-ti^J^k ". . ^""'^ '^ ^^^ren, 
 scrub. A gap occu s in thprif^ "^i!^ °^ P^P^^'' ^»d willow 
 north bounda^ry wh ohTs level ann' T"* *'^° ^^^^« ^^'^^^ t^I 
 their base. Iho ^unty to7he elnTfj ' vff/"^ ^"^^« ^^'^"^ ^^ 
 small marshes, water fresh In 1 1 ^ ^i"^ ^'^^' contains many 
 poses. The land Improves 'to wadstS ^"^T"^ ?^ ^'^'^^^^^ pur^ 
 agricultural purposes In Ze hfll« 'T*^' ^^^ ^' excellent for 
 township are large cTumns of den«i T^ southern part of the 
 little wood largo^enougTL use /ft '^^. ^^"^ «<^^«b. very 
 12 and 13, has its outlet in I «trpa A "^^^^^ ^?^«' "^ Sections 
 
 ably the .0. westeZ/r^of Z,«X„rS-/i ^t. 
 
 - fit for settlement Wood cTr, K. f ^ a ^^^^^ scarce in the portion 
 snpply the needs of t WmerriTVeV.^^^^^^ "^^^''^^ *« 
 
 ^^ i-^rg^?"T\^^^^^^ although some 
 
 and most of it is coXd U A n. 'i ^'°¥'' ^^ P°^^^« and lakes, 
 little prairie. -J. iT64i88.r^' '""^ '''^^- '^^^'^ '' but 
 
 township for settlemeni-^^iX 188^"'^''^' °^ '''^^'''- ^^^^ 
 Sub-division. — West half—o ^o„L A-n 
 
 erly terminates abruptly in SeTtion8^fn°f^ '"^T ^^^t^est- 
 the bottom lands, whih forms thplA'? ^ ^'^ '°°^« ^^^^ feet above 
 
 in this township Tts emfiLent^.^-^i''"''?"''* ^^^'^'^^ ^*^"*^^^ 
 which is very precioitous t « hi ^i^^' ^""^ ^*« northerly flank 
 
 height towarTlsTeTSd soutra^id^^^ 'I'^l^ ^^^'^-^^^ 
 
 purposes. Clumps of under Wh I well adapted for grazing iS 
 and a good so7conii:t^n^^^^^^^^ afford gool shefte" 
 
 deep, on a subsoil of black sand v]n„ri ?^- ^'^"^ ^ *« ^^ inches 
 produces a luxuriant growth of ^^^^^^^ f^^^^f^ clay ; 
 
 splendid pasturage. The adiniT,S a ^ *° ^ ^^*^* ^^ height; 
 be found in thif part of ifcZrW ^'' "^^^^ *^« fi»««t to 
 they lie some 40 or 50 feet abovrthe bJse of T^^Y^^'i^^^^Poses, 
 of the ravine thus formed is mtrfhv n^ ^'"®- ^^^ bottom 
 
 the only outlet to the wate^dTaTnt^^' f^o^mfh V^r^T' ^^^^^s 
 
 lakes were seen, but fresh 'Scf waS.^^t^^-c^'^'r^'r 
 
 ,^ o(.aiCc. rire has 
 
 
T^^»»" 
 
 45 
 
 288 TbwMhips West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXVII. 
 
 Prtnnanv'!;rfh,-?^""^^*' timb.r The present growth consists 
 h, ^ n? « ^ /'"'■^SE^PJ'^'- '^'-^l ^v'llow scrub, with seattored pop- 
 
 • years LTi! 17rCmT' '"'^ '"^ ^'^'"'"'^ ^^"'^^°^^'^ ^"'- «°"« 
 
 '^^'^.f^fl' l"'T Tu ^"/^'"^^— Th'-s township is mostly all jrood 
 hrnT^l'l • •^^''' '' f >^^""^' f'^^^^'^^ ^^'^ l'<>Pl»r and willow 
 enr^vn ; 7^ '^ f ^""^'^ '"'1*^'^ oreek flowing north through the 
 sut i n^n l" " ''* "7"'^^ '^""^^« ^^'^"'■^^^'^ «^'«"t. where a 
 UA Zl ^7 ^^^ ""^ ^'^?'^ '''^*^' "'"' ^'^ procured. Timber may be 
 fn„ n I '^^^ f "«undmg townships, and abundantly from the 
 rX 1883 Saskatchewan iiiver and its tributaries.-// 
 
 ■ !!!tf.)'f:t"f OnMnes-^orih of the Saskatchewan River the 
 
 tnnl V bnfV ''''(*^''"''^^''^''^"^''^" "^ "^^ff^^« =^"d slightly 
 knolly. but m no place very steep or abrupt. The soil is sandy 
 
 l\nt?l ''^^ l"»d. varying from 20 to 40 chains in width, 
 
 a ono the river where the soil is good and very heavily timbered 
 twnS ^f ^ ^ variety of underwoods The contvarbelt. about 
 tuo miles wide IS also well wooded, and the soil is rich, but very 
 much .roken with lakes, .mall ponds, in all of which the water 
 m.>.Z„ and good; marshes, and a few small muskegs and 
 
 6^ U^n k^i "^'"f u^'n^^'V^ "'^i^^ «^ ^^y- The quality of the 
 soil will be iound chiefly classes 2 and S.—D. Sinclair, 1«78. 
 
 ^nb-division.-^onth of the rivrer is generally rolling land, but 
 IS partly composed of table land. It is bounded on the north by 
 the fcouthbaskatchewan,theJ)aiUcs of which .ajcaabaut thirty fei. 
 S 77 «f^«.P';nd to a great extent covered with poplar, from 
 one to twelve mches m diameter, and thick hazel brush. There 
 «,?ffi W^f • ^^ P^Pl^^/nd willow on the rolling land, which afford 
 sufficient timber for fencing, fuel and building purpo^^os There 
 are a good many ponds sloughs and muskegs, in some of which 
 the water is of fair quality The soil is a black, sandy loam, of 
 exce lent quality, from twelve to eighteen inches in depth. Mac- 
 s'. ?''^ ^T'. *\'°"^^ ^^°^^^"« 1- 12 and 13, into the 
 
 f^ !ff r^- i/* f ^^?^* *^^'*y ^^^' ^^^«' ^it^ a good current, 
 and affords excellent water power— i/. Wilson, 1882 
 
 ^«. Sub-division andOutlines.-^Bsis a fine southern aspect, the slope 
 
 eronfr'^^'^i*^'- ^* ^^^W and a good deal broken by num! 
 erous hay meadows small swamps and ponds. The soil is rich. 
 There are bluffs of poplar and willow on nearly every quarter^ 
 section surrounding the hay meadows, and in a few yea?s these 
 
 To h ll^''"' ^" r '' *^ ''''^''- ^ '^''^ ™«« thCgh the 
 north-west corner, the water in which is excellent. It is fifteen 
 
 links wide und fifteen inches deep. Altogether the townS 
 offers great inducements to the settler, there being plenty of 
 n^r'^J''^^ T^' abundance of hay and good pa8tura|e and wood 
 near at hand. At the time of survey there were three or four 
 aettlers m the township.—©. Sinclair, 1878. 
 
 (I 
 
4N. 
 
 '!». 
 
 foV' , ,v Altrr' "•"' "r™ Socio,,, ^r™,l?,o% ,'.1"" «■>"»» 
 
 The t::it^r Zll^i^^Sr^-^y^'d south or the nver Iota 
 west.Tu portion, is very lod ft i. ^1 *^^^»f^'>' Particularly the 
 ber for Ibncinjr, and bufld^n,^m,/lur^'° T^^ ^^PPlied wit Jtim!^ 
 to tho wot, in the spruce btltTh! "^ ^^ obtained a fowmifes 
 pond« mul marshes The iim.n . ,? *\^*^. »^^««rou8 small lakes 
 towa^hi,. There are ItXritle'^'""/ Albert cro^rtr; 
 
 Prairu>, vvith scattered popW an 1 T"''"' "(, ^^'^ toWnshlp is 
 places. The poplar is ol^sS icient s.V?f '^ .""''"^^ "^ ^^^^ "arshy 
 iarge • uough for logs. The land i^ I ^' •^"""'^ ""*^«' but it is not 
 case. U .badly brolcen with ^^ .1^ ]^r^^^' "^ ^-^ 
 
 5M6-^/fi;/s«««.— South half— fK ' ^'^• 
 
 are prair^^ with scattered popTar and h""' ^^^./i^^^tional sections 
 places. The poplar is large tou^l^^^^^^ 
 house logs. The land is fLs i ^hnf^' ^^"""^ '*'^«' ^^^t not for 
 broken wth pond holes Z L Pair] A r""' "^''^ '^''«^'' ^^ ^^ badly 
 
 near the Saskatchewan River^WflT''^ ''""^^ spruce. except 
 consistmg of poplar and snrn-T n ^^""^ '''*^ ««^e large trees 
 loam, sand subs'oi?: ZUTTl ReT'^H'"'''^^- «-t sandy 
 ««6 ./*t)*.vto« and Outline, -Th ; 7 u • 
 
 «orub. spruce, poplar and willow Zdl'^ ^' ^^^^^^ «°^«^«d with 
 a large number of house W«^^k ^/^^ood and fencing, and 
 sandy Joam, with sand subfoil (* ' ^^^^^f «^i^' ^ very^ igh? 
 
 m 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XXVIII. 
 
 9. Ovllincs. — Thore is a jfood assortmmit of poplar, ash, oak and elm 
 in the IJig Muddy Creok Valley. Tlio ctlorts of the sottlers here 
 have proved the soil to be very rich, grain ripening ^A\ and 
 heavily, and there being also a good yield of vegeta})les. — J. 
 McLatchie, IH'il. 
 
 •. Ow/Ztnes.— West— rolling, broken and hilly land. A few small 
 marches in the north-west Soil, clay loam, on light and brown 
 day snbfoils ; classes 2 and 8. The south-west half of Section 6 
 is class 4. The elevations range from 20 to 60 feet. Lake of the 
 Rivers crosses the south-west corner in Sections 6 and 6 ; its 
 banks are high and rugged, and its water alkaline. The east is 
 rolling and hilly. Two small marshes were crossed in Section 
 12, but none in the remaining sections. Soil, sandy loam ; sub- 
 soil, dark and light clays ; class 3. The north-east half of Section 
 1 is class 2. South— rolling prairie land ; a few small marshes 
 were crossed. Soil, clay and sandy loams, with white and brown 
 clay subsoils ; mostly class 2.— A. O. Wheeler, laS^. 
 
 10. Outlines. — West — heavily rolling prairie land, dotted over here 
 and there with small marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with yellow, 
 brown, white and dark, also sand and clay subsoils ; classes 2 
 and 3. A large alkaline slough is situated in the south-west half 
 of Section t. East — heavily rolling prairie ; the ridges range 
 from 10 to 40 feet in height. Soil, sandy loam ; subsoil, light and 
 dark clay, with some gravel ; class 3. No water. — A. 0. Wheeler^ 
 188a. 
 
 11. Outlines. — West — very hilly prairie, with a great quantity of stone 
 and gravel in the ridges. Soil, clay and sandy loams ; classes 1 
 and 2. The south-west half of Section 30 is greatly broken by a 
 bed of an alkt line creek, the valley of which is low and wet, and 
 alkaline ; classes 2 and 8. The other sections are well adapted 
 for grazing purposes. — A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 East — heavily and unevenly rolling prairie ; the elevations 
 range from 15 to 30 feet high. Soil, sandy and peat loams ; sub- 
 soil, black and white clays and gravel ; class 3. The north-east 
 half of Section 24 is class 2. The banks of the Lake of the Rivers 
 extend into Section 12 ; they rise to the height from 30 to 40 feet. 
 No wood ; water scarce, — A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 12. Outlines. — North — very hilly prairie. Occasional ponds of salt and 
 fresh water. Soil, clay and sandy loams ; gravel and stone in ridges ; 
 classes 1 and 2. A large saline lake in the north-east half of 
 Section 38. The north-west half of Section 32 and the whole of 
 31, 30 and 19 are submerged by Old Wives' Lake. On the 
 west, Sections 6, 7 and 18 are rolling, hilly, and level prairie, with 
 a few marshes. Here the soil is clay and sandy loams, with 
 
15 
 
 ^ 
 
 -^nskip^ WeU of Second Initial Meridian ^ nnn^, XXVIII. 291 
 gravel and ston« ■ cInNsos i o „« i o a 
 
 , 6^«A-e/«m«V,„.-Thi8 tow Lh 7if h?^if'^^^ ^''**' ^«8l 
 
 lake, the bottom of wh ch is ooln? •^u'"''''? ^^ 
 
 township offers vorv Iim» . ''''^^'^^'d, ^ith salt deposit. This 
 
 «ro very sandy, TndunBtfo-lwv 'i'""? '''" »"rth-w«/oomer! 
 C. *•. iWc, 1888 ™l'n'8tion tor half a mil,, iuland.- 
 
 •• Oullines.—JioHh and Mai— „.»„ wii i , 
 
 «wamps and Ponds A lakTZut 8 U '"^' ^''^ °^^^«'^»-l 
 fresh and good, is situated in fi? .u"'"' ^''^''' ^^^^^^ deep. 
 Gravel and stonL n r d^et Soil .1 "^'"''^-'^'^ half of Sectim 86 
 on east, and classes raud I on th^ ^""^'^^iJ loams ; class 2 
 Qu'Appelle to Wood M^^il^l^^^AO^^'^ 
 
 <Vf^^^^^^!^l^ ^« ^-rally of poor 
 
 Abundance of good water can h« h!)! I i*! ''*''^ '^""^^ *"^ ^^^^y- 
 except a few willowron the east shore o " C / W '""- r *'i° ''"^^''^ 
 submerges the western bounda^y.-^' Kerrim ^"' ""^''^ 
 
 ■ wifh'imel^^ rolling and hilly country. 
 
 Section 83 the township fotlsStlv ?!v,"^ ^^"' «^°°^7 ^^^«°^ 
 clay loam, approaching^ sa„d^Toam at h! "^''f ^"/' "" ^^S^* 
 
 andswlm^s tfl"ndfaL^of"'l '^^^^^ ^^ ^^^-^t ponds 
 classes 1. 2^and 8 iir^^^P^r^VlYsi^'""'' ''"^^ ^'"^^^ ^^ "^^^^^ 
 
 CacturH^fl^tVtlrn^rtt^^^^^^^^^ ^r^^^P ^8- The 
 
 — ^. JTerr. 1882. ''°'^"*'^- ^^^Y broken and hilly. 
 
 ^n^oittL^Zi?^^^^^^ ^-«. ^-« along the 
 
 rising rather sharply to he west PnnV'' ^ V? 'V^^^^^g hills, 
 ous, and the tops of the hin« «f ^^J ^J"*^ '^°'*«b« ^re numer- 
 class 8. Eas^t-Sections 1 to Sr- ^°'-' " i^^fht clay loam; 
 numerous sloughs. Cs of hi ]««fL"'i"/°"^^^ ^^"«' ^ith 
 on the escarpment of the C^teau &« /''^l^^', ^' ^"^ ^^ are 
 
 "' ThTte^tT'- ^'r'-^^- ^i. iHst'^^^"'^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 perfecrLrf^t^la^d StliTd *'^ ffV^ ^^^--' ^^ - * 
 broken ; class 3. A cart trail' t^n W !f Ir^^kelets ; stony and 
 
 north-west half of sfctbni?!iV%I;L^ ±r*^^" -^«-« t^e 
 --j|^--"s. -"-crous marshes and sloughs. generaUy slightly 
 
 14 
 
■ililli 
 
 l! 
 
 'i fi'; 
 'i 
 
 V 
 
 fPrai'^lM 
 
 17. 
 
 292 Towmhipi West of Second Initial Meridian— Range XXVIII. 
 
 impreguated with alkali, occur throughout the township Soil 
 isgenorallyclay.—/. 4. ilfcJir.//a.i, 1882. ^ * 
 
 1«. 0^^//^»>?.*.-North-^olling prairie. Sections 35. 34, 33 and 32 are 
 brokeu considerably by ravines. Soil is a hard clay class 2 
 bect.on 81 enters the >lis8ouri Ccteau ; the hills are dome shapi" 
 aud stony ; class 3. No water, but probably sufficient moE 
 for grain growing West -is situated in the Missouri Coteau 
 Its hi Is are cone-shaped, with ponds and lakelets; very broken 
 and stony. Class 3.— »r. Pearr^, 1881. ^^yuroKen 
 
 r.ro; ^^® ^f ^ ^'°^ f ^^ surveyed over open, gently-undulaiinff 
 praine ; a few marshes at the south. From Sections 1 to 24 Sf 
 soil 18 a gravelly loam, on a gravelly subsoil ; class 3 From Sec^ 
 
 1882 *^ ^ ^*''°'^° '^"^^^ ""^ ^^^^^ "^^P*^ ' ""^^'^ ^•""^- ^- ^'Ikins, 
 
 .„ .^"^•^'}'l'i<>^r-^^ very rougn and broken by the Cactus Hills 
 on the south and west sides. The soil, generally, is of very fa^ 
 quality lor agricultura purposes. There are but few marshes 
 except in the hilly portion.-/. A. McMillan, 1882. 
 
 Outlines- Is a beautiful rolling prairie, with numerous sloughs 
 and hay marshes ; the soil varying from clay loam to sandy loam, 
 with clay subsoil, and IS rated class i. Thunder Creek, which 
 flows into the Moose Jaw, was crossed in this township, and had 
 a width of 56 feet, a depth of S feet, and a sluggish current - 
 water go.od, and flowing through a flat or valley of about U miles 
 m width with a gradual slope, and about 50 feet below the prairie 
 level. No wood whatever along tuis creek. The C.P.R: runs 
 through this valley.— i\ J. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 West— is prairie, composed of very hard ond liffht clav and 
 sandy soils, the latter is chiefly silica ; classes 2 and 3 A small 
 creek crosses Section 7. A creek, flowing south-west, crosses the 
 .me five times m Section 30 ; this section is very alkaline in 
 
 ?Q ^'ii^ D C-Pg^fosses through the north-we^t half of Section 
 ly. — w. Hfurce, 1881. 
 
 Sub'division.~-lB nearly all good farming lands. That part 
 of the township to the north of Thunder Creek, which passes 
 through the entire range, has an excellent soil and is well situated 
 for farmmg lands ; that to the south of the creok is not so good 
 
 Th?^P P=S' ^''^ ^T^''' ^^^^"^ '■"^^"««' ^'> ''^^od of any kind*. 
 The C.P.il. runs through this township, following the vallev of 
 the creek ; Caron Station.—/. A. McMillan, 1882. 
 
 i».lOutHnes.—mie rolling prai-ie, with numerous sloughs and hav 
 marsues ; the soil varying from clay loam to sandy loam, with a 
 clay subsoil, and is rated class 1. A small creek taKes its rise in 
 tills township and flows south-west into Thunder Creek— i? T 
 Rainboth, 18{?2. 
 
 West-undulating prairie. Soil, hard, .^ry clay ; class 2. 
 Seetion 6 is class 8, it contains only a slight gro vth of grass. No 
 water.— W. Pearce, 1881. ^ 
 
 Sub-divisiofy — Is slightly andnlann"- w^+^ ^oi' '>\a"- "* 
 thiroughout, black loam with clay subsoil. °There"is a small" fresh 
 
30. 
 
 21 
 
 ^n,kips W.,t Of Stcona IniUal mmUn -Rang, XXTIII 29a 
 
 numerous .louSis\\'dh:UVshL'nf"'-r^^^ P^--' 'v^ith 
 loam to sandy loam winT^ .7 V^^',' ^""^^ varying from a clav 
 E. J. Ratnt.kmi ^^ ^ '^^y '"^«°^^- ^«*i is rafed class l.~ 
 
 grass mllsIes^andmekdXs'wP^^^^^^ f"^?? P'^^'^«' » few small 
 clay subsoil, gravelly on rTd. .Is da/sT A l^^"*'^' ^'^^ ^^^"^ ^^^ 
 mg 5 feet of water/ was crossed in %. f^ ^^^^^ -P^"^' ^^^t^in- 
 marshy.^PF. r. n;«,;,Z. 1881 '''' ^^' '*' '^^^^^^ ^^e 
 
 digging. No wood of anytind.?::^. ifZTssT'^ '' ""'^ ^^ 
 
 w7rSE^pl?e^^^^ The'foUilT^X"' i'"'^ ^?,^ undulating 
 clay subsoil ; classes 1 and o tV^ V'''^ ^'^'^^^^^ ^^^^is, on I 
 is class 3, A .hallow bed of c A Tf^^'^ ^^^^' of Section S6 
 31 to 35. tha banks of wh?ch are ^f^f Tu'V^'''''^^ ^^^^ions 
 rolling, high, dry. open Tnd h„rnf ^'^ -^ ^'^^ ^^^^ west is 
 clay subsoil'; ckss ] A shXl^T^'V ?^'^' ^^^^ ^^am, and 
 crosses Secdons 31, 30 ard 19 i?-'^ ^?' ^^^ °^ ^ watercourse 
 East -is a beautifnl lir~~^- ^' .^^'ompson, 1881. 
 
 and hay marsLs ; ^he o 1 4^^,,^^'' ^^*^ "^"^«^^^« «lo"ghs 
 loam, ^;ith a clay'subso 1 and ?s "f t ^"""i ^ "^f^^ ^°"°^ *° ^ «^^dy 
 1882. -^ '''°'^' ^"d ^s ^ated class l.—E. J. Rainboth, 
 
 Good^tttareTsllyKdifvdTf"-^ P^5^^^«- «-^' ^^^ j' 
 -H.LeBer, 1882. ''^ ""^ ^^^ ^7 digging. No wood of any kind. 
 
 ^^t^^tSCi!; tSh ' 3^1 ^' ^ ^^ ^^-k -uid. 
 
 sand in others ; some sS .nJ • i^^^ ^"^^'^^^ ^^ Peaces and 
 rich, bhck mou d f^m 6 to 12 inT""""^ , J^'^ ~^^' ^^il is a 
 soil in places, and sand in othZ '^ ^^^^^' ''''^^ ^ ^^^Y ^^b- 
 suited for settlement -V\^f 188^ '""^^ ^^°^^^« > ^^^'^ 1- Well 
 
 slopi™h!^\?f;^,1^7^^^^^^^ P-r"« ' -^^^l7 
 
 and 3, A carf trail crosses Thro, A I l^-^ '''^^^' ^ ^^^^^'s 1. 2 
 and 31 is a narrow, dry b d of a ^1?^ i!''^^? ^^ . ^^ ^«^*^«»« 19 
 are 100 feet high. ;nd^stony SeS lo^-f ^ ^^^h poplar ; banks 
 
 - tiie ridges, and atta.n 7^ ^^^Z ^'^ S.^J 
 tl^e Q^^Si^ii^.S^!-^^^^^ Jl-t on the hills along 
 Q^VAppelle cannot rl^^^^^^^^^^^ -ce, that of th^ 
 

 28. 
 
 294 lownships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXVIII. 
 
 28 Outlines. — North and east— the soil is a rich, black mould, from & 
 to 12 inches in depth, with a clay subsoil in some parts, and sand 
 in others. Some stone was met with. Suitable for cettlement. — W. 
 Bell, 1882. 
 
 "West — high, dry, open, undulating prairie. Only a few grass 
 marshes. Soil, clay loam, and clay subsoil ; Sections 30 and 31 
 are gravelly and stony ; classes 1, 2 and 8. A wooded ravine, 
 with banks 160 feet high, crosses Section 6. A small ravine, 
 with a creek flowing south-west, is situated in Section 19. Fair 
 forming land. — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — commencing with level prairie in the south- 
 east portion of the township, the land gradually rises with gentle 
 rolls to the north-west. Some of the slougho' slightly alkaline. 
 Soil, class 1 throughout. No wood of any kind.— IT. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— ^oith and east — the soil is class 1 ; it is generally 
 composed of a rich, black mould, from 6 to 12 inches in depth, 
 with a clay subsoil in some parts, and sand in others. Some stone 
 •was met with. Suitable for settlement, — W. Bell, 1882. 
 
 The west has a good, high and dry soil, and is slightly undu- 
 lating in surface. No wood. — E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — East half, undulating prairie, with very few 
 sloughs. West half, high rolling prairie, broken by hills and 
 gullies. The soil is sandy loam, with clay subsoil ; class 1. Very 
 little water, but what there is is good and fresh. No wood. This 
 township is well adapted for agricultural purposes. — J. P. B. Cas- 
 grain, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — North — all treeless prairie, slightly undulating in sur- 
 face, and consisting of high, dry and excellent land. A ravine 
 with a fine stream, supposed to be Arm Eiver, crosses the town- 
 ship. The west is slightly undulating, and has a good, high 
 and dry soil. No wood.— ^. Brat/, 1881. 
 
 East — the soil is class 1. It is generally composed ol a rich, 
 black mould, from 6 to 12 inches in depth ; with clay subsoil in 
 some parts and sand in other parts ; some stone was occasionally 
 met with. All suitable for settlement.— TF. Bell, 1882 
 
 Sub-division.— Undulating prairie, except where the Little 
 Arm Creek traverses it, where it is hilly and broken. The soil, 
 except along the Little Arm Creek, where it is stony and gravelly, 
 is a black loam, with clay subsoil. Little Arm Creek traverses 
 the township at the north-east corner. It has* a slight current ; 
 water slightly alkaline, but drinkable. The banks are about half 
 a mile across, and about 180 feet high. No timber. "Well adapted 
 for farming, — /. P. B. Casgrain, 1883. 
 
 25. Outlines. — Is undulating prairie. Between Sections 34 and 35 
 Little Arm Creek, in a coul6e 150 feet iu depth, crosses the town- 
 ship, running in a south-easterly direction. The stream is, at this 
 point, about 16 feet wide, 2 feet deep, and has a current of about 
 two miles per hour. The soil is principally good clay loam, from 
 6 to 18 inches in depth ; subsoil, clay. On the east the surface 
 is level ; many small sloughs were crossed. Soil, sandy and clay 
 
 24. 
 
26. 
 
 1 I 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian—Range XXVIII. 295 
 
 loams, with sand and clay subsoils ; class 1 throuo-hont A smaU 
 
 Creeif "whit fl ''•~^'=^' '^^i^°? P'^^"«' ^^^^en by the Little Arm 
 M c'laT loam TtnNV-''?'^^^^ ^^'^^S^ '^^ township, 
 
 it is stonV^?,^' 1? '"'^^' "^^'P- •'^^^Pt ^^°°& the creek, where 
 
 It IS stony and gravelly ; classes 1 and 2. Little Arm Creek is 
 
 bt'drinl We" Th^^^^^ slight current water slightTy alTaHne, 
 
 t s abonf inTl '^'^^'^^^^^'/^^^ th« «^««k in Section 2; 
 ffood rn^/ ""il' f '^'' ''^^y ^^ttle current, water fresh and 
 
 Well' adtnfp/f "^/^ "" ^'^'' ^^^ °^^' th« township. No timber 
 \Vell adapted for farming purposes.-.^. P. B. Casgrain, 1883. 
 
 Oulhnes -^orth and east-is undulating prairie. Little Arm 
 Creek m a coulee about 160 feet in depth, crosses the northern 
 dSt/ 'S^ZTh'""r ^' ^^^ 34^nd7rs"in'l^:utW^ 
 
 f pii iVz^d^/ir ^T^ i2^rhix^-t^^^^^^^^^ tois! 
 
 dry s^f-2X^88L''^''^^ open, with a good high and 
 
 with^ctvlnil'"'-"^^''?''^^*,"'^ P'^^"^- Th« «oil is sandy loam 
 Zth thro X;)f "^ 'f "' '>l' ^- L^tt^« ^^"^ Creek, which runs 
 U feet deeo" w f h '"''*'" "1 ^^' township, is about 20 feet wide, 
 about i4^fprti^;l'^"'i^*°^^ th« ^anks are 
 
 timW TK- 4 ^'S^L-^''.^ 't°"3^' water in creek is good. No 
 C"X.^1^1^3''""'^^ " ^^^^^ ^^^P*^^ ^- farming!/. P. i.. 
 
 ^''' mf/f fntr^v'''.-*^" north-west corner of the township to the half 
 
 rionX . ''^'?^•^^^^'^",?^ P^'^^"^ ^^^0^1' alkaline; many 
 Roughs, ^lerest is high rolling country, with few s ouehs^ 
 Near the half mile post in Section 33 Little Arm Creek run-in a 
 southerly direction The coulee is about 130 feet in denth and 
 
 cLinrhfw,^?h^'"^ '^' ^^"'^"^ i« fl^t and about iS 
 
 the^n. W '^.*^' ^"^ *^®/°^^ ^' '^ deep, heavy alkaline clay. Near 
 the north-cast corner of the township a creek, about 16 feet in 
 
 • It the' ^'^uZl^' T-^ ^^"^"^y ' '' ^^' ^« appreciable current 
 At the half mile post in Section 32 a valley is crossed about 50 
 
 trL^t!Srt '^ '^ri ^^•^^^*^- '^'^'' '^^ i^ this i;wnsMp 12 
 light sandy loam, about 5 inches deep, with sandy snbsoil There 
 is no wood.— 7f, a Danmj, 1882. ^ ^ luboii. mere 
 
 ■ co«^^''^V~^*^'^'^''y' open, level and undulating prairie. Soil 
 Ts^yr^^i'^J^ ^"'"'f; "^''^ " ""^^y «^^^°il : olass 2/^ Section 6 is' 
 
 ■ r:ilw%'Z:::^L'\7^^^^ Fair farming 
 .la ^'^^t-level pra' ne. Soil is a good loam, 24 inches in depth • 
 
 . t^'h. No wood or water. Good agricultural land, well adaSted 
 toi gmm ciuuvation.~j. Bignetl, 1»82. ' ' 
 
^imim 
 
 I 
 
 m 
 
 296 Ibwnships West of Second Initial^ Meridian.— Range XXVIII. 
 
 Sub-division. — High rolling prairie, very much broken by 
 Little Arm Creek, the banks of which are about 130 feet high. 
 The soil is a sandy loam, with sandy subsoil ; class 2. The creek 
 flows in a south-easterly direction through the township, and is 
 about 10 links wide, with a slight current ; water slightly alka- 
 line, but drinkable ; the distance from bank to bank is about half 
 a mile ; banks are stony and gravelly. No timber. Best adapted 
 for grazing purposes.— iJf. /. Charbonneau, 1883. 
 
 J^S, Outlines. — The north and west are high, open, rolling prairie, 
 with a few grass marshes and ponds. A marshy creek, without 
 current, passes through Section 32 ; its banks are 76 feet high. 
 Soil, clay, sand and gravelly loams ; subsoil, clay ; class 2. A 
 small creek and grass meadow, in Section 18, empties into another 
 creek in the south-west part of the section. — W. T. Thompson, 
 1881. 
 
 East— level prairie. Soil, black and yellow earth, with a 
 clay subsoil ; class 1 throughout. Three small marshes in Sec- 
 tion 25, and one in 24 contained the only water met with. 
 Good wheat land.— J. Bignell, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.-^hi^h. rolling prairie, much broken by gullies 
 and hills. The soil is a sandy loam, with sandy subsoil ; class 2. 
 The tops of hills and the bottoms of the gullies are stony and 
 gravelly. Little Arm Croek flows in a southerly direction 
 through the west half of the township ; the banks are about 150 
 feet high ; water good, though slightly alkaline. The sloughs 
 also contain good water. No wood. Best adapted for grazing. — 
 M. T. Charbonneau, 1883. 
 
 2W. Outlines. — West— high, dry, open, rolling prairie. A few grass 
 marshes between the ridges and hills. Soil, clay loam, and clay 
 subsoil ; class 2 ; the north-west half of Section 6 and the whole 
 of 7 are class 3.— W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 East — broken and hilly prairie, with numerous basins or 
 ponds. Water fresh. Soil on hills and knolls, gravelly, and, in 
 the valleys, of fair quality ; classes 2 to 2J.— I. Traynor, 18«3. 
 
 Outlines — West — high, dry, open, rolling and hilly prairie. 
 Several ponds and grass marshes were crossed. Soil, clay loam 
 and clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 3. A large lake and two small 
 ponds are situate in the north-west half of Section 18. the lake 
 contained 6 feet of water ; the banks on both sides are 80 feet 
 high.— >r. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 East — broken or hilly prairie, with numerous basins or 
 ponds. Water fresh. Soil, on hills and knolls, gravelly, in the 
 valleys of fair quality ; classes 2 to 2i.— 7, Traynor , 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — West — very hilly prairie, greatly broken by swamps 
 and numerous marshes. Soil, light sand, and gravelly subsoil ; 
 classes 2 and 3. East — slightly rolling prairie. Numerous 
 small ponds and marshes were crossed. Soil, 8 to 12 inches deep, 
 on a clay subsoil ; class 1. — /. G. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 •8. Outlines. — West— rolling and hilly prairie, stony in places, also 
 broken by a few small marshes. Soil, 10 to 12 inches deep, on a 
 
 »1. 
 
 II 
 
S3 
 
 94, 
 
 te 
 
 S6. 
 
 *7. 
 
 S8 
 
 »Wn,A.>, ^est of Second Initial Meridian.-Itan^eXX^m. m 
 
 P^tTaLTZZi:^^^?^^^^ I and 2 A larg. n,a..h ia 
 
 of 81. A dry creeJc crosses Ch^^^^^^ '^^ °^ ^^^"^'^ 80 andsome 
 rolling prairie brokln II v ^' '''''^T ^^'*- Eas^-slifrhtlv 
 
 gTass.%^oil/6VT7Leh/,S^^^^^ P""^ containing Ton^ 
 
 abundance Of wateVto^tT-1 ^' ^' 
 
 Uuthnes. — West o-o«+i-,^ n- . . -it>ow. 
 
 gravelly ridges S^o' 1 a^"lTiht"^ol ^"T'' "^'^^ ^''"^^ ^^^^^Y and 
 East-tiections 1 and iLoflil i '^^ •°''"i .^^^'««^ ^^««^ 1 to U 
 1. Here the lineTrosseVtt efsfeXe'ndor^lt^ loam, and claJs 
 wide, and extending some miLs to thpl^ .V^''f^°^*^^^^ai^» 
 and good. North of th?8^h« Mr,^? °°^*l^\^e6t; water fresh 
 ridges, knolls, grassy ponds Ind Z«h'^ ^'^^^'^^S prairie. with 
 quality, and clLse/lCd 2 J^J TafZ lit' "^ ^''"^ "^ ^^*^ 
 
 g?avd?-iyg?s'~S^fi-^^ praine.'with some sandy and 
 East-rolling^p^airt with ii^^^J°'°',' ' f ^^^ ^■^*>«^ ^^o U 
 
 marshes. S?if XT W of g^od Si,^^ ^°^'^ ^^ 
 
 TVaywor. 1883. ^ quality ; classes 1 and 2.—/. 
 
 with scattered knolis and larl L J"""° f '" '<>"■"? PraWe, 
 
 p»iirLf rrmlt/twoti ""■"•,"' ■■•"^ --» k°<>% 
 
 prairie, with grassy poXorTonThf T '"'"' " ""da'tlinff 
 rolling prairie, wifh'^s"aMe°Jd fefs 'an-fT ^ '" ^- ^"^t- 
 
 .mnm;;:?es.""|;il;"4'r^thl P-lr.. br„ien by numeron, 
 onbsoil ; class S The VLk i . *^ ''*''P' ™ » "lay and Eravel 
 O- A. ftV-s-ar, 1882 """'•«»^' 1""ter of Section 1 is d^iZ 
 
 abseil; classedasfolTows Sec«ons "iV^nl' ^"K"" ^ '^^T 
 18 are class 8, the remainder cl«rii:c7ii^'^r'l8«T'''*"»^ 
 
 The west end portion of a MeTf 'hr« 7 T^''^' ^^^"^ *^^ ^^^e- 
 Lake, crosses the line L^l • ^^^^^'^^li ^ater, called Buffers^ 
 
 Sections 7 and IS^reTeVera'^Xs^l "\t^/"« ^-'^ T^^-^^^^' 
 in places, and is class 2. There is verv liHl " V • '^*^'' ^^^^^^ 
 ship, excepting a few small hi nff! f^ y "^°°^ ^^ t^^e town- 
 Starkey, 1882. ''^"^^ °^ P^rlar and willow.-S. M. 
 
 East — rollincr aii,i.r.«^„i„x- ^ .. , _ 
 wetland, also nVmerouraSrSs? t'^'l^'! ^^i u\ 
 
ill 
 
 41 
 
 48 
 
 298 %u,nMp, Weu of Second Initial Meridian-Bang, XXVIH. ' 
 -C. 4. k-^g-ar, 1882 ^*'^*°'' *'^^^ ^^««««« Section 1^ 
 
 &^^^^^ li-j, rr S:^^^ ^°"^^ r ^^ P-- ^ 
 
 north-west there are Tw lof? J^l «''7^^^^^»*en- Intl»e 
 
 plentiful, seveml ponds and mf hi'/ K^"^' ^^P'^^"''- ^«*«' « 
 1B11. ^ ^^"^ marshes being seen.— 4. L. Russell, 
 
 inche^T^dWtiTn"umL^Tf' ^^? ^^P^^ ^-«^ ^ to 6 
 andponds weTe met wi r^SoiT' ^-'T^' .^ ^'^^ «°»^" ^^^«l^e« 
 also sand and graTe\ rubsoils';" ii^S!^!; ftrmf' ^^^"*' 
 
 northt*;f cltVo^f {r n *^^ tStuttlest and 
 
 ^vooded coun rTto tL east ^A "^"^^^ ^ f^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^^ 
 east of this ima-iuarv li^« IhlT *^lP^^?"e to the west. To the 
 
 and the east haff of T it L tL^'^'^^/' Y^^' "^^ ^^ Section 4 
 black sandy lolmmixldJ?^ ^^^, ^P^l^^^^^S The soil is 
 the hills it L ffenmav ove^l ^ ^'T^' ^" ^^". ^^""^^P^ = between 
 mould, producer- excellent IrlT '"^"^^ l^°^"« ^^ vegetable 
 the so 1 is lighter and in s!^?'' ?T*i^' *>*^^ south-east corner 
 Every sectioflnXlj? of thi? ^' ^^« °f S^^ gravel occur, 
 with poplar suLble tbr butld?„ Jri'f 'P'' abundantly supplied 
 imaginary line wi h ?L °5 ^''^ fencing. To the west of the 
 
 poplar and scrub in nn.^h^'f^^'^^^^ * ^^^ ^^^^^^red clumps of 
 wood. AraTge of hmfi^7h^^°'''^ ^^^ ^« destitute of 
 
 renders muchT'the la id nnfi^ f 7'' ^^^tl^erly tiers of sections, 
 gently-unStino^l intt ^ • ^""^ ^f-'"^'^^ ' ^^« ^^l^'^ce, which is 
 flkaliL No ^^^^^^^^^ LakTinT^''^*^ '^^ '''''''' P^^*' Water 
 JS:«VAr, 1882. ''' ^^^*'°" 1^' ^ater alkaline.-X A. 
 
 ^^^Zl'al^^^^^^ yf^-^ sandy praine, with 
 
 and marshes.-^. L Rmsell mi '' ^ ""^ ''' the ponds 
 
 with!min w'l^XtlJr'^i'-f T' 'r/^ '' '' ^-t ^igh. 
 loam; classes 3 and 4 A f'"'^' ' '"'^b^'* ^*^*^^P = ««bsoil. sandy 
 
 A large ^are 'iZSt sutrat^^Ju^^^^^^ ~ 
 
 r^rs^at^ itfelt'^lrdf f;f5^^^^^^^^ • 
 
 cu^ei. flows;rt|r:4^^^ 
 
 aandyl at?:?tlli^:-^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ vertjom'^a'cl, black 
 
 a short, wirVTrass h^r^^ °*°^^^' ^^^ Produces 
 
 fencing, Ire^Jatteredo^erthlT^^^ ""^^^P^""' '^^^^^^^ ^«^ f««l ^^d 
 the no? h LTwest A^ »^ «? ''^'^^'^^^^ «i^e towards 
 
 ponds lnrl7sLes,,:t^.t7^'^Z^ "'^11 ^" ^"^^^ 
 
 , _.„ j.^ mony Cctsusj salme. The east and 
 
Tor^nsMps West of Second Tnitiai Meriaian.-^nan.exl^m, 299 
 
 Sjr ?wo w: Zlll^ "rf 1-^^"^ -^-^ -« about 100 
 The tofi of this to7nsh?p rank ' ct? 9^' v'^^ ^^^ ^^ '^^^^ hi'!« 
 adapted for grazinTpurpVa:^^^^^^^ ^-d. Best 
 
 ^""^^^^.n:V:iVSZ.r'''^^'^' ^'- "-. ^^eia; adjacent to the Third InitUI 
 
 and marshes, and classes 1 and 2 Smkiwfnii 'i'^ ,^5^ P^^^« 
 are scattered over the line.-4.1 C}m7mn """"^ "^'"^^ ^"'^^^ 
 acrub^td^::!^^^^^^^^ -ith poplar and willow 
 
 To the west of the riv^r he surfarp f ^^ " "^"i^^^ °^ ^^'^^^^t^- 
 poplar and willow and ieneraTlv nl T'^'^^'.^S^ °^^'«^«d with 
 ^s^seeond class. Wate^r r^re^tpVinX^it.^^ 
 
 thirdf oft Se^: .TIo'^^ fr in^rn7'f ^ ^ ^^^*^--*- T^ 
 access, on account of severaTnofdi 1 '' ^* ^'^^T^' ^^^^^^^ o*^ 
 way, except on the north wJf ^^ swamps obstructing the 
 
 ^ in an Indian Reservri^Z.^;,^ i^g^S '^' *'"^^^^^^ ^^^^^ « 
 
 **' s^mfi?\7ry goor*^^^^^^^^^^ Vt^ q'^ality, although 
 
 lakes, and mo^st of it is coferef ^VnoT^ ^'^^^ ^^ P^"^« ^^^ 
 but little prairie-G JB Xelr iHsi '''''^- ^^^^^ ^« 
 
 rollinVa'nT'slTLV/ dirS'^'""/^o^^^^^^^ ^^ be high, 
 ponds\nd marshes wUh muTn i^""^ ^.' "^,? ^^^^ ^^^^^^d V 
 surface.-^. L RmZii^^^''^^'^^ ^"^^ ^^^"^^ brush over the 
 
 town^hi;fmtvl^^^^^^^ the first class, the 
 
 timber enough for the a Id. .r'*^ 1 ". ^^^ ^^^t^ement. There is 
 and other purpoLV and an Ihf T^l^ ^^'""f ^^^ *«"«i"S. building 
 many years to^com; f?om ^he Sh s'^E^^^^^ ^' ^^^^^»«^ ^^^ 
 
 far distant. There is n^rnn^; /^^l^^*^^^''^^^' ^hich is not 
 
 is good, and Tcai ea.lv K^iT^'-^'^^.'^'^ *^^* ^^ ^be sloughs 
 1883. ^^ '^''^y ^^ obtained by digging.-^, i J«^. 
 
 •*5il. Sub-division and Outlinp<t- AifV.^,, 1, 
 
 farming land, may be 001^;^^ J^F "°^ ^,°"^P°«ed of first class 
 are numerous sChr hS ^^"^ 
 
 supply of good water and tW. • *°^'^«bip, which afford a 
 needs of small farms l/fi?C^ ^i«»ber for all the 
 
 Sub-division and Oullinp'i ^mifK «P4U d 1 
 
 township falls with aTe Jip "l of the Saskatchewan River, this 
 «oii is a blackish andyT^^^^ '^^ "^er. 'The 
 
 but which produces good cmCii'h'^ '^''^^"^ ^^« "^«r' 
 
 vated by the squatters donnh.bV.VT'' .^ ^^^ P'^'^bes cultil 
 ship is woodedNvith poplar^and tmn' °^ l^' "T* ^^^ ^«^- 
 : young brush. ffil^Ss oT^^hr;-:.! ^.l^„^!^. ...«P--?« of 
 
 45 
 
 average height of 60 feet of 
 
 rne nver are 
 
 ipnngy ana an, 
 
 'J 
 m 
 
 
 a steep, sandy slop a, generally covered 
 
'I 
 
 «00 1Ui,nship, Wett of Second Initial Meridian.-^ Range XXVIII. 
 
 hSZ' t^ ^^"^ 'J """"i «° »^°*^ '^^ *^e adjoining township the ^S 
 being more sandy, but there is plenty of go Jl fresh wate7lake« 
 
 not much of it valuable, being scrubby.-D. Sinclair, 1878 
 
 ^•.0«//,nM.-- The western boundary lies over mostly high rollinir 
 Ihhd ^r'"^ "^^ 1^ T"" poplar' and willows; class 1 In thf 
 tandmilea creek of ^ood water, 8 leet deep crosses the line 
 flowing east. The trafl to Prince Albert crosses the nortW 
 mile so does a creek 10 links wide and 2 feet deep, flowing eas? 
 3c nitv Cik 7i «^**^«^«/f i" fl^- year (1877) located fntht 
 
 X3lv of wV,.T''/ r^ J'*^ ^^'^" ^^^^^ ^der cultivation, 
 especially ot wheat.—yl. Z. Russell, 1877. 
 
 Tfcorf"*'''*''''*'"* '''''' OwWi«es.-The soil is good throughout 
 There are numerous excellent hay meadows fresh wate^Ks 
 
 Cw Lil£ Th" '''' ^^i? «^^"^¥ ^^^' ti-^ber.lr fencing; 
 S« H^^ bmlding. There were five settlers in the township at 
 
 ^'^ S;tranl^;X's'. dlT ^J-f-ythesurfaceisrolling. with 
 
 W aTdV^^ T^'^v*, -^ °"™^^^ °f «^"1«^« l^ave located 
 A 1' ^"L/rig^r" ^''^' ""^ ^^"^ ^^^^^ cultivation.-- 
 
 i« ,^«*;^«''/«o»— The soil is first class throughout. The surface 
 IS almost all covered with poplar and willow.?-/ L. Rell'Tm 
 
 **' e^t'er'b;nk'n7?h'"ir^T^.''T ""K^^"' *«^^«^iP f«"ows the 
 Borthwards on lii t ^°?^ Sasktchewan River. Proceeding 
 S^o i.L ^ f, ® boundary, on the north half, the surface of 
 
 X&At]\'?'''r^^i-*^^ ^-^'^'^--^ corner La good 
 ^fTof^li^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 maJfli-li''"^ "^"^ O^^^/ewcs.-This township is rolling, covered 
 
 t"eeLro^pfr".-'T'^'' ^^* ^^^^ *^« Saskatchew^an River 
 inere is some large timber, spruce and poplar. Soil lio^ht sandv 
 loam, overlaymg sand ; class Z.-J. L. Reid, 1883 " ^ 
 
 swucelnrnn^f Outlines -Conntr J rolling, covered with scrub, 
 Xposes S^o^? ??;ff'^ ^7 ^^ "°^ /«»^i^^' ^^d also building 
 S, 1883. sandy loam; subsoil, sand; class S.-J. L. 
 
 >. 0«<//nM.-Going north the western boundarv runs throuo-h 1. 
 
 tolerably smooth country bu+ all ^nlH " " ^ ?? tnrougn a 
 
 J Lua.iir^, oil., an ooiiu umoer. There 18 a large 
 
TbwmMp$ West of Second Initial MeHdianSan^e XXyUl 801 
 
 lake on the fourth mile, and Shell River crosses the line at the 
 comer between the fifth and sixth mileo. This stream is of con- 
 siderable size, being about 1 chain in width, and 8 or 4 feet in 
 depth, late in the fall (in the spring it must be much larger). 
 Along the north side of the river are some patches ot clean prairie, 
 the soil of which is very fine. The whole country seems to be 
 heavily timbered, among which poplar, spruce, pitch-pine and 
 tamarac may be found.— T. Drummond, 1888. 
 
I 
 
 ) 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Ranoe XXIX. 
 
 1^. Outlines. — West aiid south — rolling prairie. A few marshes. 
 Soil, sand and clay loams ; subsoil, brown, dark and white clays, 
 with some gravel ; also, stony in places ; classes 2 and 8. East 
 — rolling, broken and hilly. A few marshes in the north-easterly 
 part. Soil, clay loam, with light and brown clay subsoils ; classes 
 2 and 8. Lake of the Rivers crosses the south-east corner of 
 Section 1 ; its banks are high and steep. — A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 10. Outlines. —yf mi and east — heavily-rolling prairie, broken by hills 
 averaging from 16 to 40 feet high. A few marshes. In the west 
 the soil IS clay and sandy loams ; subsoil, white and dark clays ; 
 gravel in places ; classes 2 and 8. In the east the soil is sandy 
 loam, with yellow, brown, white and dark, also sand and clay 
 subsoils ; classes 2 and 3, A large alkaline slough occupies a 
 considerable portion of the south-east half of Section 12. — A. O. 
 Wlieeler, 1888 
 
 11. Outlines. — West — rolling prairie land. Soil, clay and sandy loa as ; 
 subsoil, white and brown clays ; class 8. Water scarce. — A. O. 
 Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 East — Very hilly prairie, with a great quantity of stone and 
 gravel in the ridges. Soil, clay and sandy loam ; classes 1 and 2. 
 Th«; south-east half of Section 25 is greatly broken by a bed of 
 a creek, 30 links wide, alkaline water in pools, and its banks, 
 which are about 40 feet high. The valley is poor and wet. The 
 remaining sections are good grazing land. ~A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 12. Outlines. — North—submerged by Old Wives' Lake. West — 
 rolling prairie land. Soil, sandy loam; with sand and gravel sub- 
 soil ; class 3 ; Section 19 is class 4 ; and north of this is sub- 
 merged by Old Wives' Lake. A cart tra'l, from Fort Walsh to 
 Qu'Appelle, crosses this section. Water scarce, — A. O. Wheeler, 
 1883. 
 
 East — Sections 1, 12 and 13 are rolling, hilly and level 
 
 prairie, iucerspersed by a f jw marshes. Soil, clay and sand loams, 
 
 with gravel and stone ; classes 1, 2 aad 3. Over two- thirds of 
 
 Section 24, and the whole of 25 and SO, are submerged by Old 
 
 • . Wives' Lake.— il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Subdivision. — Nearly all the northern half is submerged by 
 Old Wives' Lake. Some sections are fit for cultivation, but the 
 soil is. generally, very sandy and dry, and water scarce. There 
 is a spring of fresh water in Section 20 About half round Old 
 Wives' Lake is unfit for cultivation. No timber whatever. Soil, 
 classes 2 and 3.— C. F. Leclerc, 1883. 
 
 18. Submerged by Old Wives' Lake. 
 
 1*. Outlines. — North and west — hilly and broken; the soil bein^ 
 gravelly clay and sandy loam ; classes 2 and 3. No wood. Pon£ 
 
Tbtonahipi West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range HXIJ,. 308 
 
 and sloughs numerous. Forms part of the Coteau. About one- 
 third of this township is 8uhmerff»>d by Old Wives' Lake. There 
 la a largo alkaline marsh along the shore of the lake, from a half 
 mile to one mile in width.— 7. JJudderidge, 18H2. 
 
 East—rolling and hilly prairie. Frequent swamps and 
 ponds. Soil, sandy and cliy loams ; some gravel iu ridges ; 
 classes 1, 2 and ;i. Old Wives' Lake is situated in the south. 
 Water, 4 feet deep in some of the ponds.— /I. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Stt6-r/iyjat»«.— This township is unfit for agricultural pur- 
 poses, but, being very undulating and swampy, it offers every 
 advantage for grazing land where the swamps are full of good 
 water. There are, however, low lying places where the grass is 
 plentiful, but the water is alkaline. No wood. Soil, sandy 
 loam, with a sand subsoil ; class A.—C. F. Lecisrc, 1888. 
 
 15. Ow^/iwes.— North— hilly and broken prairie, a few ponds of good 
 water. Soil, clay and gravel ; subsoils, clay loam and gravel ; 
 class 2. West— hilly and broken, the soil being gravelly, clay 
 and sandy loam; classes 2 and 8. No wood. Pondfs and 
 sloughs are numerous ; water is good. Forms part of what is 
 called the Coteau.— /. Dudderidge, 1882. 
 
 East— situated in the Missouri Coteau, it is a perfect sea of 
 cone-shaped hills, ponds and lakelets, stony and broken ; class 8. 
 A cart trail to Wood Mountain crosses the north-east half of Sec- 
 tion 2i.— W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— This township is rough and unfit for farming, 
 but is well adapted for grazing purposes. The soil is good, there 
 are a great many sloughs through it, the water of which is 
 slightly alkaline. This township is entirely in the Cactus Hills, 
 and is generally very rough. No timber ; classes 2 and 3.—/. A. 
 McMillan, 1882. 
 
 16. OM///nes.— North— rough, broken country, full of ravines and hills, 
 being the north face of the Missouri Coteau, it contains a good 
 deal of boulders and gravel ; class 3. The east is situated in 
 the Missouri Coteau, it consists of cone-shaped hills, with ponds 
 and lakelets ; very stony and broken; class S—W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 West— hilly and broken, the soil being gravelly clay and 
 sandy loam ; classes 2 and 3. No wood. Ponds and sloughs are 
 numerous. Water good. This township forms part of the 
 Coteau. — /. Dudderidge, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— The entire township is in the Cactus Hills, 
 and is suitable for grazing purposes. There are numerous alkaline 
 sloughs and marshes. The soil in the extreme north is sandy, 
 but the balance is very good, being clay subsoil with clay loam 
 deposit ; classes 8 and 4. No timber or minerals.—/. A. Mac 
 Millan, 1882. 
 
 17. OM//i»es.— North— pure sand, and unfit for settlement. Along 
 Thunder Creek there is a growth of poplar and cherry bush.— 
 F. W. Armstrong, 1888. 
 
 West— this township forms part of the northern spur of the 
 Grand Coteau, and is well broken by small sand-hills, on which 
 
S04 TownsMpt Wett of Second Initiai Meridian.— Range XXIX. 
 
 there is a thick growth of scrub. The soil is light sand. — A. F. 
 Cotton, 1882. 
 
 Kast— is prairie. Soil compMod of a very hard and light 
 clay and sandy loams; the luttir is chii-lly silica. ClasHos 2 and 
 8. A small creek crosses Section 12. A cart trail to Cypress 
 Hills passes through Section 18. A creek, flowing south-west, 
 crosses the line five times in Section 25 ; this section is in places 
 very alkaline. The CRR. crosses the north-east half of Section 
 24 — jr. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divhion ~\h rough and killyto the south, eitendinginto 
 the Cactus Hills. A spring water creek runs through the north- 
 west portion. Soil very inferior throughout No wood of any 
 kind. The C.P R. crosses the northern part of this township — 
 Caron Station— near the east boundary.— J. A. McMillan, 1882. 
 
 1>*. Outlines.— Sc 'th of Pelican Lake the surface is open and rolling, 
 and the soil .-eddish clay. The grass is short and stunted, and 
 surface water is scarce.— F. W. Armstrong, 1888. 
 
 West— undulating prairie. Soil, 18 inches deep, on a clay 
 subsoil; class 2. Similar to Township 17, excepting that por- 
 tion north of Pelican Luke, which is a gently-rolling prairie ; the 
 soil is much better, good sandy loam. Pelican Lake is about two 
 miles wide, and the water is inclined to be alkaline. —il. F. Cotton, 
 1882. 
 
 East— undulating prairie Soil is a very hard, dry clay ; class 
 Section 1 is class 3, having only a slight growth of grass. No 
 water. — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Svb-division.—\B principally good farming land, being a black 
 loam, from 6 to 18 inches in depth, with clay subsoil. A portion 
 of Pelican Lake, which is fresh water, extends across the south- 
 western portion of the township. There is no timber of anv kind. 
 ■ — /. A. McMillan, 1882. 
 
 l!>. Outlines. — North— is gently-rolling prairie, with numerous small 
 marshes ; the soil is a good sandy loam.— il. F. Cotton, ^ ^82. 
 
 East — high, dry, open, burnt, rolling prairie ; sevcw )i."ll 
 grass marshes and meadows were crossed. Soil, clav loan.., and 
 clay subsoil, gravelly on ridges ; class 1, A large ^^.^1 waLor 
 pond, 20 chains wide, was crossed in Section 13, water 6 feet deep, 
 its shores are marshy. — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is [gently- rolling prairie, with class 1 soil 
 throughout Water is scarce, but can be had by digging. No 
 wood of any Id u! — H. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 20. Outlines. — .iioii|. aad east— high, dry, open, burnt, undulating 
 prairie. Sou, ciay loam, with a clay subsoil, gravelly in places ; 
 class 1. A shallow dry bed of a watercourse crosses through the 
 northern tier of sections and also 24 and 26. A large grass marsh 
 and slough is situated in Section 1. Good farming land. — W. T. 
 Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Westwards, there is a rich clay roH ; class 1, A few marshes 
 occur about the centre of the line.— T. Drummond, 1881. 
 
 2. 
 
m 
 
 Tov^mhip, We,t of Second Iniiiaf Mcridiat^ Range XXIX 80< 
 
 . 0«^/me« -North- th« soil i8 class 1, being a rirh loam wifl ah. 
 soil o day or Hand. Tho surface is unduiin^ or Sl^- oiling 
 
 'nLtCuihthir? "^T^^"^^^ P"»''I>'1 stream pass- 
 
 and 5a:;r:^'^:!^r.n^""^ ^^^^"«' -'^^ ^ "^^ ^^^^^ -^ 
 ^opi^i^^'^sjKi^fsj::^ 
 
 A cart trail runs through Section 12 «ectif ns S ,u /l •?« T 
 greatly broken by a narrow dry bed of a mX V f *'® 
 stony and are lto\et high; thlyl^Lo '^t'd.l ^^h dly Ifth 
 
 crosKSeari^lJ^^Z ^^tiZ Z ^r^^' ^i^tii^^ 
 
 6'«6.<//ymo«.-l8 nearly all first class farming land There is 
 no timber, and water is very scarce, except in thrQu'Wl le 
 River, which crosses the uorth-eaat corueri///zX, 18^2 
 
 Terv few bullies f; J ' 'u',?"" '' gently-rolling or undulating, 
 
 aloiffTts^hanll^^^^ ^'';f ^'^ *^^« principal stream, and 
 
 along its banks there is some small timber — W. Bell 1882 
 
 class 1 T^ O M'^'^r^n"''" P^^^"«' ^'^^^ ^ "^^ clay soil, and 
 ?he centre T^'' ^f"" ^^^^^.^^^ its valley cross the line ^bout 
 mLTlm. ^^^"^^^^''^ P°<-^d slightl/alkaline.-T. Drum- 
 
 East-high, dry, open, undulating prairie. A few irrasR 
 
 Se'lTj^t^^^'o.'^^^i ^^^^^^'™ -<! clay':.bfoi 
 ciabses 1, ^ and 3 .Sections 25 and 86 are gravelly and stonv A 
 
 rtm-tarwlh'*' '"'°l'V^».'-' high, cLIes fh™4h°&„^ 
 S»6.rf>i„s,m,._With tho exception of the hills alonir thA 
 
 MeriiTr.'arelLcUonaT'''''''' ^''"" ''^^^ northwardB, boiag adjaceat to tho Third Initial 
 
 23. Outlines -n^^ and east -the soil is class 1, being a rich loam 
 With subsoil of clay or sand. The surface is undulathig or gen%: 
 
S4 
 
 I 
 
 806 tbwnsMps West of Secor.d Initial Meridinn.^Ran^e XXIX. 
 
 rolling, ft is all suitable for settlement. Water, wherever found 
 was good and lVesh.--W'. BeU, 1882. 
 
 The western gections possess a rich clay soil ; clase 1 A deep 
 ravine, running to the Qu'Appelk River, crosses the line, and con- 
 tarns running water in the early summer. Two or thie.^ ma-shes 
 m the north-west, but otherwise surface water is scarce.— '/ Drum- 
 mondy 1881. 
 
 The east has a good, high and dry soil, and is slightly undu- 
 lating m surface. No wood — ^. Bray, 1881. 
 
 8uh- division. —\\^& township is rolling and hilly Soil com- 
 posed of sandy loam, and sandy subsoil ; class 2. Good orazinir 
 land, but very little adapted for agriculture. No wood whatever 
 —J. Bourgeois, IP 33. 
 
 0«/Zz^e.s -North and east-all slightly undulating and treeless. 
 Ihe soil IS of good quality, and the land is high and dry A fine 
 ^j^^6»^ supposed to be a branch of Arm. River, crosses the town- 
 
 The western sections have a rich clay soil, and class 1, v^rith 
 level prairie northwards and rolling prairie southwards— T 
 Drummond, 1881. " 
 
 East— The soil is class 1, being a rich loam, with subsoil of 
 clay or sand. The surface is undulating or gently-rollinj? • verv 
 lew gullies or steep hills. It is all suitable for settlement Water 
 good and fresh.— PT. Bell, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.-^oWmg and very hilly. Soil is composed of 
 sandy loam with sand and clay subsoil, some parts all sandy • 
 classes 2 and 3. This township is very little adapted for agricul' 
 tural purposes, but better grazing land ; generally speaking! how- 
 ever, the grass is poor. No wood whatever.—/. Bourgeois, 1883. 
 0«,j!/mes.-North-is undulating prairie, much interspersed with 
 sloughs Between Sections 33 and 34 is a coulee, about 80 feet 
 deep and 50 chains wide. A dry, marshy creek lies in the bottom 
 ine soil is sandy loam, 8 inches deep, with clay subsoil —H C 
 Denny, 1882. 
 
 The surface along the west boundary is prairie, with a rich 
 clay soil, and class 1. There are occasional marshes to be found 
 — T. Drummond, 1881. 
 
 East— slightly undulating and open mainly, having a soil of 
 agoodquality.—jE. ^ray, 1881. ^' ^ 
 
 Sub-division.— This township is only 3 miles and *? ' chains 
 wide The west side is veiy much broken by a creek, the banks 
 of which are about 75 feet high. The east half is gently-undu- 
 9 ^^ P'^\"^-. ^^^ ^""'K'^ ^ ^^ack loam, with clay subcoil; class 
 2^ The water m the creek is slightly alkaline, but good drinking. 
 No timber. Good farming land.— J. P. B. Casgrain, 1883. 
 
 ae. Outlines.~The north k undulating prairie and suitable for farm- 
 ing. In feection 36 is a coulee, about 60 feet deep, and 40 chains 
 from bank to bank ; m the bottom is a marsh, about 6 feet deep. 
 The soil IS dark clay loam, about 9 inches deep, with clay subsoil 
 
 2S. 
 
V 
 
 ; ^ 
 
 27. 
 
 J28. 
 
 ■^nsM,, n^"> of Secoua IniUal MeH,<an.-JU.,.XXlX. 30T 
 
 ^^^^^^■"P^airie With rich soil- class 1 w„. 
 
 — r. Drummond, 1881 ' *^^^®^ father scarce. 
 
 ^y.oa!r|tl!ri?^"'"'"= "^"^ »P«". with a good ln,.h ^4 
 
 «ndulati„g With a 'lope J a c™k Vm^'," '''"""^ "'"«• " '» 
 from north-east to south-west SoiM^ T'T *''' «»waship 
 
 VH .No wood ; wel, ^fed" t ^L^t-^P. t"C:t 
 Outlines. —Tha nnvth ic k- u i,- 
 
 .he hoUows. iTe 'so l'^J'''^eSi"v ="•,""'' -r"' *»" '- 
 deep w„h sandy subsoil. ■ S O dL« iLi"'""' * «° « i»ehos 
 
 -hat^^rlrrbulTafa" J:„d" >™n '^ ^he soil is son.. 
 T. Drm.,„„JjiZ\ ^°°^ "'"^ ™'>^°''. =»d ranks class 2 1 
 
 r£"^''?i--^°Soirir^K^^^^^^^^ soi^ 
 
 -!• A tew small s-rnfaa r«o^ u ^ ' ° "^ ' ^«ction 1 is class 
 
 turalland. / T"^TTo.^C'T88r ^ "^^ ^^^^^ Good a^^c^^! 
 
 oam, with clay subsoi c ass l ^?^^^-^^«*- /^^ soil is black 
 
 ^mber. This tWnsh?p 'is well .dl^d T^^" '^^^^^^^^ No 
 Charbonneau, 1883. aaa;>ted lor farming-.— ilf, j. 
 
 d^y^^^^^^^^ -iles surveyed were high, 
 
 subsoil ; class 2. A few orL«l u ^'^''' ^^"^y ^«^«^' and cfav 
 high, dry open, rollinlT..! k'el p"S^^^ were crossed. EastI 
 <ilay, sand and gravelly wr«.?K?' A ^''^' "^a^'s^^es. Soil, 
 ravine, with banls 37^0 50 Lt ^^.^f;^ ' '^.'^^ ' '^'''' '• ^ ^^^ 
 dry), course north-west crosses ii\ ' ^""^.^ '^"'^5 creek (iw 
 'Thompson, 1881. Sections 24 and 13.— ^F. L 
 
 ^^t^^Z^ t^ K^y --e:. two miles wide. It is 
 1- There are_^a few slouihs'^: f ]r^^^^. -^^soil ; class' 
 
 2». 
 
 No timbc;."' Tli^Town^hfp^^ tell' J^\^^^ f "*--ioo"d wl^r? 
 poses.-.!/. J, CkarboTZllT ^^""'^^ t^" ^'^^l^^^^tural pur- 
 
 55'^;^:;;§lt^J:?:j^«,^-:^- i-olli^ p^Iine, and the 
 
 The soil in the south we^se don rafif^'"'? ^^^"^ V«^>^ ' ^^^7' 
 ^rummond, 1881. section is a first class rich loam.— y. 
 
 «^arsLf;;ri!Lt^twShe"d^^^^ .r^"^' <>^ass 
 
 clay subsoil • class o ^T^ " , ^' "5^*^^ «^'^d ^i^ls. Soil, clay loam and 
 
 A till, 76 i;;e't hf^h Is^tua e fn '.V'"' ' ^^1 ^2. which areSss 3 
 -W. T. Tkompsou:mi "" '^" '^"^^'^"^ P^^tion ol Section 36. 
 
 '''' ~arpt:f vt^^^^^^^^^ -iJ. second and third class ; 
 

 i 
 
 ! 
 
 |i 
 
 Ji I 
 
 Ma 
 
 808 
 
 Tbwnships Wtst of Second Initial Meridian.— Rangt ^. 
 
 East— high, dry, open, rolling and hilly prairie, a few pone 
 and grass marshes Soil, clay loam and clay subsoil; classes 2 
 
 Section IrTk '^' '"'''. T ''^''''^'^ i« ^^« south-east half of 
 nnrl? « f ^® IP"*^* *'^''^^'"^5^ °^^ '^ "^^^lled FoK Lake, the central 
 one has 6 feet of water. ~W^. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 ^"' swrr7''*~^r^"*''.'^^*^ ^^^^y ^^lli^^ J^ills. and many 
 P «^ 'k m '^"^^^^ niarshes were crossed. Soil, gravelly, with a 
 
 tZt^T\'^^^T^' V^^ ^ ^ ^"^^^1 «^*^«k crises the south* 
 west part of Section iO.—T. JJruni'nond, 1881. 
 
 mar.hp!*~i''-f r 'u^ P'^'"^' P'^^^y ^^*^^«» by swamps and 
 ?4 Irp „ lif?!"" V ^^'^' T""^'' '''^''°^^' gravelly; Sections 86 and 
 ^4 are a little stony ; classes 2 and 8.—/. C. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 /^"f''^«^?— Along the western sections the surface is rolling, with 
 whirP i t^^i '""'^ and class 1 except in the south-west corner 
 w!l88I ^"^ ' ^""^ '"^ P^^'"' ""^'y stony.-r. Drunp- 
 
 r«o..K^*"J°M^''fn^'''^ J^.'^^y P^*^"«' «*ony in places, a few small 
 s^il oT«, J'l'^' 'a 'o ^\T^'' ^^^P' °^ ^ ^l^y^'^^i gravelly sub- 
 east'hJfo?VT'^%.^^'J^"°"^'*^^ °°^^Pi«« the Intire north- 
 east half of Sec ion 25, and a small portion of 86. A dry creek 
 crosses Section 1 ; course east.-/. C Desmeules, 1882. ^ 
 
 ** ^nS!?'-^^''?;? the western tier of sections, except the most 
 Ww^ 7^' ^^ '^'^ IS somewhat Kravelly, but has a good clay 
 bottom, and ranks second class.- T. Drummond, 1881. ^ 
 
 ri^,.a« « ^®?- 1?°^/'"^ P""^^"®' ^^*^ «o™^e sandy and gravelly 
 
 **• wff T~'^^-!^''°'*^ t^^'?, °^ *^« ^^«*«r^ *i«r of sections is a 
 hliil 1' ""'^^ ^"'^ '°^^ ' fi^^^ ^^^^«- Fr«^ l^ere, southwards. 
 
 • &m.-rs^.tt:jri^^^ ^- ^ ^-^ <^i-y 
 
 ri^^o^^^^^r^^-^L^^^i^'^P""^^"®' with some sandy and gravelly 
 
 35. 0«^^^-»e..--The north-western part is rolling prairie and good 
 1 A 1^^ ^^^""T^ «°^^ ^« 20 "^c^es deep, on a clay subsoil; Slass 
 
 «in„ ^^^t-T^e^'^l or undulating prairie, with grassy ponds or 
 sloughs ; classes 1 to 2.—/. Traynor, 1883. ^ ^ ^ "^ 
 
 86. Outlines -In the north-west there is a range of high hills, runninir 
 
 TkI u.iT'' 'un/'^,*'^*®''^^^? southwards about four mile?. 
 iHrough these hills the soil is somewhat gravelly, but has a ^ood 
 clay bottom, and ranks second class. Aftir leaving the hills tha 
 south two miles is a level plain with a rich soil, aSd first class.— 
 1. JJrummond, 1b81. 
 
 East— going south the first four milfls aw h'll^ ar''^ t««n» 
 prairie ; classes 2 to 2J. The remainder is level ox unduiatiag 
 
w pone 
 classes 2; 
 t half of 
 i central 
 
 d many 
 r, with a 
 e south- 
 
 aps and 
 86 and 
 
 882. 
 
 ag, with. 
 t corner 
 [". Drum- 
 
 w small 
 illy sub- 
 5 north- 
 •y creeik 
 
 16 most 
 jod clay 
 
 gravelly 
 '^ ray no 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.^Rmge XXIX. 3Ca 
 Igfig"^' ^^^^ ^^*^ ^°^^^ ^^ sloughs ; classes 1 to 2.— J. Traynor 
 
 97, OM«mes.--Along the western boundary it is rolling, sandy prairie, 
 full of high knolls and small ponds ; class 2.— 2\ Drummond, 1881. 
 
 *I OufZmes.— The western boundary was surveyed over rollinff, sandv 
 prairie; class 2. The Carlton trail crosses the line, it is well 
 beaten. There are a few scattered bluflFs of poplar in the north- 
 west corner. Water i« plentiful, several ponds and marshes weie 
 seen.— il. L. Russell, 1877. 
 
 «2il. Outlinesr-.Th.Q western boundary is rolling, sandy prairie, with 
 scattered bluffs of poplar ; class 2. Water is plentiful in the ponda 
 and marshes.— .d. L. Russell^ 1877. 
 
 ons IS a 
 awards, 
 jd clay 
 
 gravelly 
 ^aynor^ 
 
 d good 
 1; class 
 rce. — 2*. 
 
 >nds at 
 
 unning^ 
 
 miles. 
 
 a good 
 
 ills tha 
 class.— 
 
 iilatiag; 
 
Raa'ge XXX 
 
 fractional: " "'*' to^a^hips in this Ran<.e h • ' i 
 
 "aage, being adjacent to the ThirH t •.• , 
 ». 0«^//„e..-West ]• >, '^ ^'"^'^ ^°"'*' Meridian, «, 
 
 . w^re met with ~«jifi ' ^^^^'^^ prairie A fi..,. 
 
 *•• Outlines ~^^f^^,f.^__y. „ 
 
 iiiet with v^i ^^*^'^"^'y-rojliiio- nrfliw^ ci 
 
 Jiast— heaviJv ml)- — ^- JJrum* 
 
 »»• 0««„„._^,, ^ O- W-teZ-^r, ,8,3. -""'«■ ^fe«^ 
 
 Wood Mon.";,-,. ""'"^ ^»ke. A oart ! X"" ">« '"St mils is 
 Eas t^ron ' "°'''!'^ "JO township -rn '""^ Q-'^PPeik S 
 
 "='ass 4. The north jtf ^i" ™»'h-east quarter r:f^'^'^'"' ™<t ' 
 eubmero-ed hv r lu iir"^' ""'ee-quarters «f *¥ , Section 24 is. 
 Qu'Apiwlk ako . "'™' ^"ko- A cart trli / ?-™ ''''=«™ » 
 Watefica4i*.'^ T^J ^'"^ ^uth-eL Xt"Jt ^"'^'^ ^^ " 
 
 Joam, with sand subsof- M "''"■■»' '"wnshin s„,-i- 
 
 -sh on SeCionVrt lt;irn'.!l!'d ^^^F ^^TTC faS 
 ^'"^ 'owash.p is submerged h, n,. ... ' . ■'"■ "*''• 
 
 la. 
 
 ----o..sh,pissub.er,edbyOMwZi:: 
 
] 
 
 Towmhips WrU tif Secmd Initial Meridian.-^ Jiangs, XXX. .311 
 
 VIDIAN. 
 
 *I Meridian, ar« 
 
 red marslies: 
 soil ; class 2: 
 
 oams; sub- 
 'i, stony in 
 1 scattered, 
 and sandy ' 
 3^0 water.-— 
 
 shes were* 
 JJI ; class 25 
 -T. Drum" 
 
 s ranging^ 
 ; subsoil^ 
 
 '• A few* 
 
 w smalt 
 clay sub« 
 
 "ossed ia 
 i browa. 
 
 Groing" 
 
 Je mile& 
 
 mile is 
 
 pelle to* 
 1. 
 
 id an^ 
 24 i* 
 tion ia 
 tlsh tok 
 >n 24, 
 
 sandy 
 'xcept 
 ' of a. 
 
 II. Ow,'/iWs.— Th.' north hull" of the wst li 
 
 IS. 
 
 ic. 
 
 17. 
 
 ,, ., , - - -1'"* is. Tollini^ prairie, 
 
 giavohy ,oii ; class -1. .Th.- Ox pn-ss Hills tnul l„ Qu'Appelle. and 
 \\\^. south 'nd (,r th,. ( 'c,teim du Mi.s.souh no the (Viitro of th- line, 
 itiKl beUY.'.n h.'v.^ ;;nd Old Wives' Lake is Vi-ry sandy and li.rht.— 
 
 Hilly ;iud broken; foniis part of the Cotean. Ponds 
 and slou.u.i,> nuni-Tonis ; no timber or wood; exeelleiit graziug 
 laud. ,Soil IS o-vavelly clay and smdy loam; classes 2 and I! 
 Al)Out one-third of this township is in the Old Wives' Lake ; 
 there IS an ulkaiuu- uinrsh at this point, ulono- shores ot lake, from 
 one-hali t(; one mile wide.— 7. Dudde>i(l>-e, i8S:\ 
 
 6>ftj-divi^i(m.— This township is very undulating, rocky, &c., 
 ana uuiii ior agricnuurai purposes, but oHers many advantages 
 lor' past arao-o tor sheep and cattle. There are some good hay 
 marshes but the lake itsell and the ponds of water adiacent to it 
 are alkaline.— C. F. Led ere, 188li. • 
 
 0«////?t'.s.- The westerly sections are rolling prairie, with a gravelly 
 soii, and e]a.s.s '1. Thert>. or- quite a num])er of alkaline ponds and 
 eoine marches.- T Dnitmond, IbSl. 
 
 Etist-in the Coteau, and, consequently, hilly and broken ; the 
 £^011 be ill n' grave; ly clay and sandy loam ; classes 2 and 3. Fresh 
 ponds and ploughs arc numerous. jNo wood or timber.—/ Dud- 
 aeridirr, ISs'2. 
 
 ;.<///; /n-'.N7V;«.-~Th,- soil is good and well adapted for grazing 
 purposes _ 1 her(> are a u'reat mujiy sloughs throughout ; the water 
 lu thc..e IS slu^Utljr alkaline. This township is entirely in the 
 t- actus lulls, and u very rough and unfit: for farminir. No timber 
 or mmeials. Classes 2 and 3.— J. A McMillan, 1882. 
 a7//./:«ts.^-}<::.si~rolling prairie, and the soil is good clay loam ; 
 classes i ana 3. No wood. Ponds and sloughs numerous, water 
 goocl. ihis township ibrms part of the Coteau.—./. Dadderidge, 
 
 Sub- division ~Th(^. entire township is in the Cactus Tlills 
 and IS sui!ahle ior grazing i)urposes. The soil, in ihe extreme 
 iiorln IS sandy, hut the balaiUH. isgood, havin-a clay subsoil, with 
 clay Joam (i.'p(,sit ; classes .3 and 4. There ar*; numerous aliuiline 
 slougiis and marshes No timber or minerals.— 7. A McMillim, 
 lob2. 
 
 Outli„cx.~~\\x(\ westerly .sociions are rolling prairie. Soil, pure 
 bana, m the north-east, cla.-.s 4, and graduarinir to a light soil in 
 the south-east ; class 2. Thuruler Creek cro,.8Cs the north part of 
 the ii'te, ua,. a swiit current, is about 6 links wide and 2 links 
 deep^ —T. Br n ni m n„d, 1881. 
 
 This tovvnshii. is very sandy, and totally unfit for farming. 
 llii>re IS a b Mt of cherry and poplar along Thunder Creek.— 7'. W. 
 Armslroug-, l;>8."i. 
 
 East— (his town.ship forms pait of th.' northern spur of the 
 brranct Coteau, and is broken bv t-mall s.'.aiti'.ed sai^d bill« op 
 wtiich taeiv is a thiidv growth of scrub. The i.o;l is light sand.— 
 A. F. i.o!ton,'imi. ° 
 
 2 k ^'' w 
 
 S 
 i^.-. 
 
 I 
 
I, I 
 
 {■ «l 
 
 ^r 
 
 n 
 
 iH 
 
 to^' "hT—J. A. M,:mman';^S»r """ ''°^"^»--» P-rt of "he 
 
 ■ 'I'-'fSdfrctesf "Vh!!^ PT'"- S""' 18 inches deoD o„ 
 
 whole of Se^t^i^Vl aid C'.'r-T"'/ half of Section l« X 
 
 «ect,W 25, are submer^d Mjel' fV"'" -«""««" *"> of 
 
 . West-the eonth half o/thfu!^ "*''" "'l- ^- <?"««, 1883 
 
 Prame, with a sandy and Llv!] t -7°' Wfveyed over ^ li„t 
 
 l.e8onthesouthp«rtof?henoAr''i''"* * Pelican ffi 
 
 ^Oil a reddish clay. The Jass Tt"/' 'S"'"S P"^'™. and the 
 
 tion nort W PeltfUr fj 7"^'"? "■ ««eP«n. that p„r 
 «o i« much better good ^^•j;''^'' 8:8ntly.rolling pla ?ie • '^^^e 
 -■|S Wide, and th^UrTf/eiSto ^lirii'^e^^ ^ ?tf » 
 
 portiStfl-^ir,;;^^,^^^ 
 
 the north .s good farming w!l^Yi?^fc,'JS<'^ «>at to' 
 
 /■ 
 
 -■i"-«««-«*„arf,j,-,,^'^ 
 
««»«•« XXX. 
 
 •ie, with no wood 
 hern part of the 
 
 iches deep, on a 
 i aection 18, the 
 ith-east half of 
 P- Cotton, 1882. 
 Mover rolh'ng 
 Pelican Lake 
 ofitthesoilis 
 
 ;>rairie, and the 
 ' is scarce. JSio 
 
 >ting that por- 
 g prairie ; the 
 3 is about two 
 -A. F. Cotton, 
 
 nLake. That 
 andy, that to 
 
 i2. 
 
 ^D THIRD INITIO 
 
 lo.-j 
 
 :r 
 
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 ^^^^ IQWNSHIPS I TO 16 BETWEEN THE 
 
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 DOMINION LANDS LIT) 
 
■WEEN THE SECOND AND THIRD INITIAL MERIDIANS 
 
 IWmiiMriJMin^iiiiiiiiittiiii irtTTffffmT^i^^ ^mr-. 
 
 (<■! 
 
 DOMINION LANDS LITHOGRAPHIC orFICI 
 
r 
 
I THIRD INITIAL M' 
 
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MAP OF TOWNSHIPS 17 TO 32 BrrWFEN THE SE 
 
 /' i> ^fff"' 
 
 • --■ -t ■■*■ I I ■>< >*-«■■.■.> li.. -< 
 
 
 '■ v.^ r -Xjaafr.2|5i;^:(:r:ifit 
 
 
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 OOMIMIOt LAMDS LITHOGRAPHIC orrlCI 
 
VFEN THE SECOND AND THinO INITIAL MERIDIANS 
 
 .. . -■ IJ -^„l J,^_l±.i.--._l ..U JL. ~ j -I ,. ■ ., I i!.ilBU*- -i— »«r^' »t .i . « i UrtiT T--n - t-r- ^ 
 
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 ^MIMIOt LANDS LITHOGRAPHIC OrrlCt 
 
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 f 
 
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r 
 
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^^S,^N ME^^ SECOND^^^ANJ^ THfRD INITIAL MERIDIANS. 
 
 
 104 
 
 OOMlKlUN LaKtlv, inn :5iRAr'tlC jrrirf