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They imlind to nothing beyond being a simple record of what the tcriter SUiif und noted during a shmi Transatlantic trip, and nothing would be more gratifying to him than to know that the information which on some points of Ameri- can and Canadian life he has been able to bring togetlur in these pages may prove useful to any under whose notice they may come, and who are thinking of trying their fortunes in the Far West. Union Bank, Moniaive, lOth June, 1873. KOTES OF A SHORT AMERICAN TOUR. ^'StWl^vIni^^' "" CUAPTEn I, TUB VOTAOE OCT — NEW TOIIK — rP TUB HUDSON. Having long clieri»he?i*-*^-*iu ~ The Cuba is commandfed by Captain Moodie, who is the genuine type of a true, hardy sailor. He is a Scotchman, » native of Montrose, has been 33 years at sea, liaa crossed the Atlantic 310 times, and many a terrible gale and heavy sea has he encountered. His very look imparts confidence, it haa such a frank and pleasing expression, and his kindly and considerate demeanour rendered him a universal favourite. In addition to a crew of 120, there were 240 cabin passengers on board (no steerage passengers were taken.) Amongst th« voyagers were several notables-Pauline Lucca, the famous prima donna ; Miss Kellog, the celebrated American songstress ; Kuoenstein, the great pianist ; Winiesky, the Polish vioUmst, called by some wags " Wine and Whiskey ;" and last, but not tie least distinguished, Edmund Yates, the popular novelist, who was on his way to America to lecture on English mannera and customs. There were a great many Americans returnmg home after making the tour of Europe. The remainder were English, German, and a sprinkling of Scotchmen. We had very comfortable sleeping cabins, about 6 feet by 8 square. Sus- pended from the roof of our cabin were two life-preservers ; fortunately their capacities never required to be tested. The principal saloon of the Cuba is beautifully fitted up, and is capable of dining 200 or so ; of course there are always a few passengers either below or on deck when the weather is fine. Our first dinner was rather a stiff affair as we were all strangers to each other. However, that feeling soon wears oiT, and it li not long before those seated naar each other get acquainted, and friendships spring up which continue during the voyage, and m many instances prove lasting. The seats at table are all allotted beforehand by the chief steward. Breakfast is at half-past 8, lunch at 12, dinner at 4, tea at half-past 7, supper at 9, lights put out at 12. This amount of eating, in our opinion, was father too much, as it more resembled a fattening for a Christmas show than anything else ; but the keen sea breeze imparted an excellent appetite to the generality of the pas- sengers. Of course the greater part of our time during good weather was spent on deck. Here the game of quoits was a favourite amu.scmeut, and patronised by both ladies and u... 1 Captain Moodie, who is the sailor. He is a Scotchman, a 33 years at sea, lias crossed the terrible gale and heavy sea has lok imparts confidence, it haa Bspresaion, and his kindly and , him a universal favourite. In •e were 240 cabin passengers on ! were taken.) Amongst the 3S— Pauline Lucca, the famous celebrated American songstress ; ; Winicsky, the Polish violinist, ,nd AVhiskey ;" and last, but not md Yates, the popular novelist, !a to lecture on English mannera p-eat nwny Americans returning )f Europe. The remainder were ling of Scotchmen. We had very ibout 6 feet by 8 square. Sus- cabin were two life-preservers ; ever required to be tested. The is beautifully fitted up, and is of course there are always a few I deck when the weather is fine, itiff affair as we were all strangers t feeling soon wears oiT, and it ii >ar each other get acquainted, and jntinue during the voyage, and in The seats at table are all allotted ■ard. Breakfast is at half-past 8, ;ea at halt-past 7, supper at 9, amount of eating, in our opinion, nore resembled a fattening for a Qg else ; but the keen sea breeze :ite to the generality of the pas- ter part of our time during good Here the game of quoits was a patronised by both ladies and gentlemen. Miss Kellog was conspicuous as being one of the best players. Card-playing in the evening, or during a rough day, was very seneral in the saloon. On leaving Liverpool we saw part of the Welsh coast, and next day (Sunday) reached Queenstown, which is 240 miles from Liverpool. We anchored in the Cove of Cork, as we had to wait for four hours the arrival of the mail from London. All the American steamers call here, and we took about 200 sack* of letters and papers on board. This was the first time we had seen the Emerald Isle, and on that account used all our eyes in the passing glimpse we got of it. The crops along the coast were in process of cutting ; some of them appeared very poor. The crofters' huts seemed wretched. Queenstown is beautifully situated and appeared to great advantage, glittering in the sunlight. Saw the famous Spike Island ; it is small, has been brought to a high point of cultivation by the labour of the convicts, and appears well guarded and protected. A number of the convicts were observed taking exercise. Shortly after leaving Queenstown, and while we were seated at dinner, an alarm was raised that a seaman had fallen overboard. This of course caused great excitement, everyone rushing hastily upon deck. A life preserver was immediately thrown to the man, which he seized, and being a good swimmer he struck out manfully and was soon picked up by a boat, the Cuba's engines having been backed at once. The poor fellow was soon on board ; he looked pale, but appeared not much the worse of his involuntary bath. The Irish coast is genemlly considered a dangeroui? and stormy one, and on nearing Cape Clear the sea began to run high, and to break over the vessel. Some of the uninitiated passengers got rather disagreeable interviews with Neptune in the shape of a watery embrace, a repetition of which during the rest of the voyage they did not covet. Next morning the wind rather abated, but towards evening there were indications that a rough night awaited us, and many of the passengers were compelled to surrender at discretion to sea sickness. On Tuesday the gale increased, and heavy seas broke over the ship. We had remarked to one of the stewards the day before that there were but few of our party up to dinner - f t -L ^ ' ^i i c LL ' i cv jvy y^^i •i!^r^ftj?(ccss^!^iK'*'^'?^'^^^^'^^^^^~ then. " YcH, Sir," ho replied, " but there will be fewer tomorrow ;" his words i)roved true, many being conspicuous by their absence. The captain, in his anxiety for the comfort of his lady passengers, paid a visit to their berths, and gheered them up, saying it was just the tail-end of a storm they had got into, and that the weather would soon be fine. This kind attention on his part did more to allay the fears of his fair friends than words can express. The captain's hopes were realised. Next morning the sea waa not nearly so heavy, and during the remainder of our voyage we had beautiful weather. During the storm two little birds took refuga in the rigging of the ship, and were scon great favourites with all on board. Observations are token every day at 12 o'clock noon, as to the latitude, longitude, and distance run, and these are regularly posted up, a scourco of great interest to all on board, and one which helped ! o vary the monotony and beguile the time. It is wonderful how very few vessels are seen on the Atlantic, sometimes three or four only in a day, and occasionally none at all. We were often amused, with the gambols of the porpoises. and saw plenty of " Mother Carey's chickens," and on the coast of Newfoundland we noticed a considerable number of whalea spouting. It is generally foggy off that coast, but we were fortunate in that respect, the weather being clear. We did, however, hear now and again the shrill scream of the fog whistle, which grated disagreeably on the ear. We had some glorious sunsets, and upon remarking to the captain that such evenings reminded me of old Scotland, he replied, " You have not above one of these in a year ;" and a recollection of our changeable northern climate compelled me to agree with him. We kept a good distance to the south of Newfoundland, and noticed the darkened colour of the water on the banks, which it takes about 24 hours' steaming to clear. By this time we are beginning to calculate when we should arrive at New York, now still 1000 miles distont, and bets are beginning to be taken as to the No. of the pilot boat that may meet us, the complexion of the pilot, whether dark or fair, what foot he will first place on board the Cuba, right or left, and so on. We steam on, the wind being in our favour, and in the calm evenings, seated at 'but there will be fewer , many being conspicuous by inxiety for the comfort of his ;ir berths, and gheered them f a storm they had got into, soon be fine. This kind 3 allay the fears of his fair The captain's hopes were raa not nearly so heavy, and e we had beautiful weather. ;ook refuga in the rigging of irites with all on board, at 12 o'clock noon, as to the •un, and these are regidarly ■est to all on board, and one ly and beguile the time. It Is are seen on the Atlantic, [lay, and occasionally none at the gambols of the porpoises, s chickens," and on the coast nsiderable number of whalea off tliat coast, but we were iather being clear. We did, iie shrill scream of the fog r on the ear. We had some ting to the captain that such ;land, he replied, " You have • ;" and a recollection of our lellcd me to agree with him, south of Newfoundland, and e water on the banks, which to clear. By this time we are ould arrive at New York, now are beginning to be taken as may meet us, the complexion what foot he will flnst place ,nd BO on. We steam on, the the calm evenings, seated at the stern of the vessel, I admired the phosphorescent glow in our wake. On the last Sunday of our voyage n religious service wius conducted in the saloon by the Hector r)f the E])i.scopal Church, New York, who was a passenger. When within about 100 miles of New York, a small boat was deseried in the distance ; this was soon known to bo the pilot boat, having No. 14 legibly printed on her sail ; then the excitement rose to a height when it was understood who the fortunate bettors had been. The pilot, a robust sailor-looking jierson, comes on board, shakes hands cordially with the captain, takes his place on the bridge, and assumes command of the vessel, the cajitain going below anvl not reappearing until our arrival at New York. The pilot had brought with him files of the New York papers, which were gi-oedily bought up by the passengers, especially the Yankees, who were anxious to learn how election matters wore progressing in the United States, and others, ourselves amongst the number, were eager to hear the latest telegrams from the old co\intry, as for the last ten days wo had been fairly at sea with regard to news from home, or any quarter of the gloK'. We steamed on with a fair wind, all anxious to catch the first glimpse of Columbia, and we thought of the days (upwards of four centuries ago) when the great navigator first sighted land on the shores of South America, and of the great changes that have taken place since then in the speed and certiiinly and safety with which the mighty ocean is crossed. Fire Island was the first land visible. We steamed past Sandy Hocjk (about '20 miles from New York) and anchored at liuarantine Station, as we were too late at night to land at Jersey City. The medical officer having to examine into the health of the ship's passengers and crew this was duly done early next morning, after wliich wo steamed up past Stiiten Island and Long Island. The day was beautiful, and both these islands looked superb, studded .-is they are by guullemen's seats, surrounded by fine orchards, anil owned by the uu i chant princes of New York. Ou coming to anchor we bade farewell almost with regret to the officers and crew ot the dear " Old Oiihii," to whose kind courtesy and attention wo had been so much indebted during the voyage. The fc-rry steamboats bctwi.tt New York and Jersey City are I 'it 11 i| 8 h„Ke ugly looking crafts, Bomething like two-storey houses S'any quantity of paint to give them a sUowv and fantastic InpearaL to the eye of a .tranger. They convey passengers, hor^Tc nrgeB. wions, &c., all h«adled together m strange 00X0" 4h n we landed at Jersey City there was a great busSn getting our baggage examined by the Custom House officTrs who, to do them justice, were very «v>l, andnot over offi ous I the discharge of their duties. We had to cross the Irrv for New York, and drove to the Fifth Avenue Hotel, of ferry lor I'.i.w , j. g^tensive world-wide reputation. This is one or ..blishmentsofthekii^n^e^^^^maid^^ >.trv:r if ;;: tufiTpU .stefuuy ^d out wuh ees and this is a place of great resort for the -Pynient of a 00 Inorningor evening walk during the 1-a-ce o \he^^^^^ weather. Ou entering the hotel, you - -»-«J^ f ^^ ^ hall where you subscribe your name m a book t^"" ^^^^ ^ W ; The number of your room to a waiter -»- -^ ^jj ^ tnd if it should happen to be in an upper part of the hotel, as There are nearly 400 bedrooms. The diawmg roum !';«, and the principal dining room l^-^— ^^^J for 500 guests; these apartments are on the second floor Connected also with this establishment are telegraph and post rrrte;s of the committee for promoting President Grants Tu n md in the evening the passages and comdon, were iet ly'crowded with people dUcu.ing electioneering niatter. I , „f timrfi private hotsls in the city nnu TliBri" are a number 01 more inivn.no "^ problly uL ari.tocratic-such as the Breevoort Hon , pVy of flags and banners hung -^ ^.f-^^fp^ . i Jriptions ■' For President I^-^-J^ ,/lI ^l dent Henry Wilson;' &c., &e.> A'lonita oy thing like two-storey bousea, 7e thorn a showy and fantastio Qger. They convey passengera, 11 huddled together in strange Jersey City there was a great amined by the Custom House e, were very civil, and not over ir duties. We had to cross the to the Fifth Avenue Hotel, o£ IB one of the most extensive J Empire city. It is situated in uue, and commands a good view a park tastefully laid out with it resort for the enjoyment of a uring the prevalence of the hot il, you are ushered into a large name in a book ; then the clerk to a waiter who is in attendance, n an upper part of the hotel, as end in "the vertical railway." jms. The drawing rooms are .lining room has accommodation lents are on the second floor, jlishment are telegraph and post ,3 which furnish you with any charge for board, &c., is 5 dollars , dollar is worth 3s 9d of our we were staymg there, the head or promoting President Grant's the passages and corridors were iiecussing electioneering matters. ) private hotals in the city nnd 3uoh as the Breevoort Hou!=e, lie is conducted in a better style Near it we noticed a splendid ' hung across the street with the Ulysses Grant;" "For Vice-Preai. &c., adorned by characteristic full-length likenesses of the above named gentlemen. Not far off in the same street was a similar display in the interests of Horace Greeley. Having refreshed the inner man after the fatigues of a ten days' voyage, we took a stroll through a part of the City. New York presents to the eye of a stranger innumerable scenes of novelty and interest. There is a great deal of show, but at the same time much substantiality about everything ; the monster shops, or stores, as they are called ; the crowded streets and thoroughfares, such as Broadway, which is three or four miles long ; the hotel dinners on a scale of extraordinary vastncss- all are apt to make a strong impression on one who sees them for the first time. Our first dinner at the table d'hdte of the hotel was a scene in itself. The time extends from half-past five to half-past seven. The American ladies are showily dressed but not particularly lady-like in their appearance. You can easily tell them by their talk and superabundance of " dress- improver." Both ladies and gentlemen are in general very loquacious. A great point of attraction in New York is the Central Park. This is the Hyde Park of New York, and it is amazing to see the immense number of vehicles of every description, from the handsome carriage and pair down to the donkey or mule turnout. Negroes appear to be much in request aa coachmen. Most of the equipages have thus a motley appearance, and they certainly form a striking contrast to the splendid dUplays of the English aristocracy in Hyde Park. The Central Park is large and tastefully laid out with trees, plants, and artificial ponds, and is really worthy of the City. It has cost an enormoua amount of money, as it literally has been made out of rock and very bad land. In the park is a zoological collection. Amongst the wild animals is an ugly brute of a sea lion, brought there by 15arnum, the famous American showman. The park is still being enlarged, and commands a fine view of the city, and is a favourite resort of the citizens. We paid a visit also to Green- wood Cemetery, situated a few miles from Brooklyn, on the opposite side of the river, and which is well worth seeing. The grounds are tastefully laid out, and the monuments and tomb- ^Tfgjt^i i : -*ga!-i--!-f . !jwg gra» 10 Htones arc very chasto in their demgn-inany of thein being of „urc marble. The cemetery is interseclod by beaulitul drives. While there wo saw Beveral funerals. The hearse is covered with Klass on the sides and the coffin is thus exposed to view. Ihe drivers of the hearse and mourning coaches do not «eem very particular a« to their dress-few being attired in black. l',road- way and Wall Street appear to be the bushiess part of New York the latter being the Lombard Street of the City, llie streets here are so crowded with vehicles of every description that pedestrians, and especially females, have the iitmc^t .lirticulty in crossing, and often require the aid of a p..licema.i. We wer' told by an er.iinent banker, that wlien his grandfifther came over to America ^by-the-by he belonged to Dumfries) he intended to settle in X.w York, but at that time it was such a paltry place that he would not remain in it, and settle.l at Pittsburg in I'ennsylvania. Now, the Empire city has a popula- tion of nearly a million, and if Brooklyn and Jersey City ur.. inohided, will amount to 1,400,000 so^ls. New York and Jersey City have extensive docks, being, next to Liverpool and London, the greatest shipping port in the world. Conspicuous amongst the wharfs are those belonging to the "Canard, "I""'-". "National," "AVhite Star," and " Ouiou " Steam I'aeket Companies. New York can boast of large establishments of t.very kind TJie store of Mr Stewart in Broadway is of immense extent, the second largest of the kind we believe in the world- a„ establishment in Paris being the liist. Every article one cvn think of is sold here. The building consists of many storeys, •md of course "elevators" are required to enable customers to reach all the difierent departments. The number of hands employed is very large. A very tine new post oHlce is lu tlu. course of erection in Broadway, which, when finished, will prove ., givat ornament to the City. The Viith Avenue is a magnifi- o..nt street running parallel to Broadway, but is quieter and „,,re aristocratic, as it contains many private residences ot the merchants, &c., of New York, as well as honds,.,ne hote.s. During our stay we had an opportunity ot seeing a mon.ter mass meeting at night in the interest of Horace Gre. Icy. J here ^•aa an immense number of people present, all very good m ig,i_)nany of them Wing of jrsecloil by beuulitul ilrivcs. . The hearse is covered witli thus exposed to view. The ig coaches do not seem very iing attired in black. Uroatl- ju tlie business part of New \n\ Street of the City. The vehicles of every description females, have the utmost uire the aid of a policeman, cer, that when his grandfijither he belonged to Dumfries) he Lit at that time it was such a remain in it, and settled at the Empire city has a popula- rooklyu and Jersey City are soijls. New York and Jersey lext to Liverpool and London, world. Conspicuous amongst to the " Cunard," " Inman," I " Ouiou " Steam I'acket st of large establishments of art in Broadway is of inimen:-e ind we believe in the world — le first. Every article one avn ling consists of many storeys, luired to enable customers to ents. The number of hands line new post oHice is in the hich, when finished, will prove riie i''ifth Avenue is a magnifi- iroadway, but is quieter and many private residences of the as well as handsome hotels, portunity of seeing a monster rest of Horace G re ley. There eople present, all very good 11 humoured, listening to nddresses by various speakers in different parts of the square in which the gathering was held. The Yankees are very demonstrative on these occasions, and the speakers are generally gifted vfith powerful and stentorian lungs. After the harangues, rockets were sent up in great profusion, the whole sky being illuminated, and the effect was magnificent in the extreme. One thing wo particularly noticed in the streets of New York— the absence of military, forming a striking contrast to what we had seen last year in Paris after the reign of the Commune. One evening we went to hear a party of minstrels and were much plciised. They were, however, only imitation negroes, but a fund of humour rarely to be met with ran through the whole entertainment, and they were muph applauded by an intelligent audience. Amongst some tunes on the violin, played by them with much feeling, was " The Banks •nd Braes o' Bonnie Doon," which, at such a distance from home, we listened to with heartfelt interest and emotion. Although New York has splendid edifices of various kinds, none of them can boafct of any antiquity. They cannot point to a Saint Paul's or a Westminister Abbey, but they talk with pride of their immense commercial untertakings, their enterprise, and their "go-ahead" character in every thing they give their attention to, forgetting, or seeming to forget, that the tronsao- tions in the Stock Exchange and Wall Street are occasionally of a questionable nature. The City is supplied with water from the Croton Aqueduct, the reservoir of which is on York Hill, about 5 miles from the City. The supply is abundant and comes from Croton Lake, 40 miles distant from New York. The original cost of this magnificent work is said to be over 13 millions of dollars. The handsome offices of the Herald, the Tribune, the Times, &c., and the extensive book establishment of Appleton's, &c., will possess much interest for the stranger. The high bridge constructed for the passage of the Croton Aqueduct over the Haarlem River from Winchester county to the Island of New York, is a noble work. Staten Island is a place much resorted to by the New Yorkers, and nothing is more enjoyable than a sail down the bay to the villages and landings on that Island, 19 or the superb views over land and sea which its high ground commands. After a few days' stay in New York wo started in company with some friends per the Hudson Uiver Railway for Albany. We had intended to have gone up the Hudson by steamboat, but it takes a much longer time, and as the railway skirts the river all the way, we saw nearly quite as well as by water the fine scenery which the Hudson commands. We were much struck by the diflferenoe in the construction of tho Americim railway carriage, or cars, as they .are termed in the West They are of immense proportions. The cars are generally about 80 or 70 feet in length, with a passage down the centre of each ; they nre attached to each other so that a passenger can walk from end to end the whole length of tho train. This appears a great convenience. The cars are in general comtortably se.ited, but the class of passengers U a very mixed one. Here and there you see the negro seated alongside the white. Of course there .re any quantity of spittoons in the carriages. There is only (nominally speaking) one class of carriage, as our Yankee friends like equality. Still this i.s really only in name, for if you wish a finer car you can get one of Pulman's drawing rooui and Bleeping cars by paying a little extra. These are provided by a difi-erent company, the railway having nothing to do with them They are elegantly fitted up, are high in the roof, airy and pleasant, and beautifully and fcustefully painted. They contain every convenience, lavatories, &c. The average expense of travelling in America will be about the same as our first-cU«s- viz "dper mile; but this varies according to distance. Ihe baggage department is well conducted, and is an improvement on our system. Before entering the train, you get checks for all your different packages, and on your arrival at your destina- tion on presenting these to the officials you find your impedi- menta all right, and this without any trouble or anxiety on your ^*We leave New York on a lovely, clear autumnal morning, but it is some time before we clear the outskirts of the vast city in part of which there are very poor miserable-looking wooden houses or huts-inhabited we suppose by Irish Americans, as 3a which its high ground irk we started in company Uiver Railway for Albany, the lludaou by steamboat, id as the railway skirta the ito as well as by water the immanda. Wo wore much istruction of tho American 1 termed in the West. They cars are generally about 60 a down the centre of each ; that a passenger can walk E tho train. This appears a general comtortably seated, mixed one. Here and there the white. Of course there io carriages. There is only rriage, as our YankBo friends nly in name, for if you wish 'ulmau's drawing room and •a. These are provided by a ing nothing to do with them. hiRh in the roof, airy and fully painted. They contain B. The average expense of ; the same as our first-class- according to distance. The icted, and is an improvement the train, you get checks for , your arrival at your destina- ifficials you find your impedi- my trouble or anxiety on your , clear autumnal morning, but 3 outskirts of the vast city, in oor miserable-looking wooden iippoae by Irish Americans, as 18 numbers of pigs are snorting about before the doors. At length the HuJhou river appcar.i in all itn glory— truly a refreshing sight after the lu-at and dust of the crowded city. We may here mention that the steamers plying on the river are like floating palaces, being beautifully fitte.l up. We Would pref«r for safety, however, a " Cunard Atlantic steamer," as occasion- ally you hoar of a blow-up or soiuethiiij,' of tho sort in tho American river boats. Only the day after wo railed up the Hudson one of the magniticeut boats took fire, and the passen- gers with difficulty escaped. The scenery of tho Hudson river has been so often described, not only for its beauty, but because on its banks were fought many of tho battles in the American War of Independence, tliat wo will merely give a passing sketch. For the first 12 miles or so we skirt along tho Island of Man- hattan on which New York is built. One of the object* of interest we pass is the New York Orphan Asylum, where nearly 200 children of both sexe^ are clothed, fed, and taught. Above Manhattanville, a small village, Audubon, the celebrated natural- ist, lies buried in the Trinity Cemetery. We see in the distance Tarrytown, where the unfortunate Major Andrd was hanged as a spy, after having been made acquainted with the iilan by which West Point could be seized by the British troops. His body, after being interred near the scene of his sad fate for forty years, was given over to his countrymen, and now reposes amongst the brave departed in Westminster Abbey. Near Tarrytown and Irvington lies the charming and romantic cottage called Sunnyside, the home of the renowned Washington Irving, We next come to Sing Sing, where the .State Prison of New York is. It is built near the river. The prison can accommodate above a thousand persons. Opposite Sing Sing is the Uockland Lake Ice Company depot, where a larg'' nural)i!r of hands arc employed every winter to cut and store ice for the summer'i consumption in New York. The Croton Lake, which supplies the city with water, is also near this. The Lake is estimated to contain six hundred million gallons of water, and (daily) fifty to sixty million gallons are taken from it to supply New York with this necessary of life. We now reach West Point, one of the moat lovely spots on the river. There is a great military academy u mtuatedhoro, which occupicR a nnbln platom. nhoui « mile In circuit, .uul 180 feot al.ovo tho rivor Reaut. ul uU.. covered with wood, and ron,antic n.in« cmbeHi«h tho landHcapo. Th.H was tho gront k..y of th.- riv.r in the time of tho rovolu .on. which aencml Arnold, thou iu couunau-l of tho pont, woul.l have betrayed into the ,u«o«.ion of tho Urilinh. but w.h proveated by Major Audre-H arrent at Tan-ytown. doneral Arnold escaped Ja Hritish ve^Hcl, the \',.ltnvc, lyu.g cIoho at hand n. tho nver. Farther on «-o pann rough-Keop.ie, 75 nulen fro.u Nevv \ork, arfd half way to Albany ; it is the largest place botwxt the two cities, and contain* 15,000 iuhabitantn. Here the trau> h opB to allow paHsenger. to dine. It i« in a rich agr.cuUura d.tr.ct 1 h^ a variety of n.anufactures. Wo now como to the c.ty o Hudson, a large bu.i..e.. place, and the head of .h.p nav.gatu.n „ the river. Fron. Pronpect Hill, ne.^r tho towu. a f-ne view of the Cat«kill mouutaiuB and of tho winding river .« obtained. AfterHO miles by rail we arrive at Albany, the capital of New Y i site, with a populatlou of about 60,000. In 1023 it was founded by the Dutch. There i« nothing ,.articular to be seen ; it lies upon the Hudson, which you cross by a metal suspension bridge. We sUyed hero a few hours longer than wo intended, owing to the blundering of one of the railway ofhc.als at the station, who did not appear to know anythmg about the train for Samtoga, where we were going that evening, borne imes he had it that we would find the train on this side the rails, some- times on tho other, until wo were fairly thr•^vn into confusion worse confounded; 80 we missed the h,.t train. The official, with a real Yankee air, could give no explanation but that he Buesed the train was gone ! This was our first misadventure ; but L took better care in the future, and depended more upon ourselves On our way to Saratoga, we spent a few hours at TroY This is rather an important place, with about 45,000 in Jbitants. It stands upon both banks of the Hudson, and there is a fine view of the country from the surrounding heights. It was lato at night before we reached Saratoga, the famou. waterinK plaoe-the Leamington or Harro^vgate of America. W e went to the Congress Hall Hotel-a large and commodious building. On being ushered into the dinmg or supper hall-a [)ln platfiiiu, nboiii (i mile in •r. neimtiful liill«, covered x'llirtU the lanilnciipo. Thin hn tiino of the revolution, iiind of the poHt, would Imvu UrilinU, but wiiH prevented n. (leiieriil Arnold oscuped ig close at hand in the river. , 75 miles from New York, irgoHt pliieo betwixt tlu' two itH. Here the train ntops to a, rich ivgriculturul diHtrict, Wo now como to the city of the head of fhip navigation near the town, a fine view of 10 winding river i« obtained. t Albany, the capital of New jout 60,000. In 1023 it was othing particular to be seen ; I cross by a metal suspension irS longer than we intended, if the railway ofSicials at the now anything about the train that evening. Sometimes he in on this side the rails, some- j fairly thrawn into confusion 1 the first train. The official, ive no explanation but that he vas our first misadventure ; but ire, and depended more upon oga, we spent a few hours at tant place, with about 45,000 )th banks of the Hudson, and I from the surrounding heights, reached Saratoga, the famous jr Harro\vgate of America. We )tel— a large and commodioui the dining or supper hall— » me, 15 » .. »»re raveu acre. Within t»»«"»P^*''""'«'T,:„^r cottages, which are much _,e --"V"'Th oir Tvert LHilway render, the «.ught after lyJ^'^ZJ'^^ of the monster «^ of thi- 16 .•iylit ImiMlml nii.1 twmty f.)iir ; iloorH, ..no tliuiiwii.l four liunaivil mill «.'Vfi\ty-fimr: wiml.WH, oti.- UimiHaml olKlit iMm.lri"! Hti.l iiiiii'tj- on.'. Tli- .liiiingro-m in two luni thuuMiul four iidoWH, out- Uimi»aml «i«l>t liiigroiiiK in two luniilri'l''»w">t and milii- 111111 Ht(inu nnd wind. Kvcry rtKiiinmrn. It in nii uncdiiiiium lio UHiuil stylo of " Aiuuiioan Wile, hiT (IruHM, wluinu dauglitci- MM very Hlmwily and Heiini to ranci' indicatei* thr lady in tlio gurH will rcHcrvii their opinina II open (pipnti Nprll. It was a silent, breathless day, und 111.) eanoo sliot over Ih.i smooth surface of tho lake like an .uiow. About a mile from the shore, near the centre .if tin- Like, the woman, willing to convince the savages of the weaUn. .i of their superstition, utter- ed a l.md cry. The countenances of the Indi.ins f.ll inst.iiitly to the .l.'cpest glooin. After a moment's pause, liowev.r, th.«y re.I.)ubl.Ml their exertions, nnd in frowning silence iuu'ellod tho light bark like an air..\v .iv.t lliu waters. Tiny r.aehe.l the shore in safety ami .livw n[, tin. can...-, an.l the woman rallied the chief on his crc.bility. 'Tin', (lival Spirit ismcicifnl/ answered the Mohawk, ' Me kmiws that a white w.uimn enmmt hold her tongue.'" There are beautiful and lovely walks ar..un.l Sarat.iga. Wo stayed here over a Suu.lny and to.ik the opportunity of hearini,' a I'resl.yt.rian minister invach. The clergy in America are not clerical in their .Irens, Ih.) one allm!. d to appearing in the pulpit with a black tie. However, he gave a good practical discourse, an.l tho e.iugregali.m seemed most respectable, well dressed, an.l <1. v.a.t lookin-. There are a g.»id many churches of various .l,;n.)iiiiuati.iii:s Iumv as in Yankee land. The number of particular sects is legion. We nniy here mention that the negroes .if a Sunday com.; out in gay attire, particularly the negrcsaes, who appear in all iiiiiuner .)f hues, au.l who show no small amount of conceit and vanity as to their personal appearance. While standing at tho ln;tel door ou tho Sun.lay we observcl an elegant carriage and pair containing two swell looking negroM, with showy "kids," reclining with much ease and Mii'j frotd, driven by a white coachman, with attendants. Thinking that the occupants of tho carriage were (gentlemen of the first water, we in'i"^t bo stnkm-. Unfortunately it still rained, so weilid not see it to the best al- vantage. Alter a tedious ride of two and a half hours we n.uh- od the hotel— a connnodi.uis and ele-ant building eonuiiauain- a ylorious view of the lake. The day, foitunately, e!e uvd u]., an.l we embraced the opportunity of taking a sailin tl,,- httle .steamer which plies round the lake. This we c-njoyed v.ry mueh. Lake Cieor^e may be termed the l.och Lomond of Amenea, and is one of the most a.Imired and romantic in the L-nited Slates. It is surrounde.l by softly undulating hills covered with woods, . the dillereut tints of whose autumnal foHa-e had a line etiect. There are numerous fairy-like isl.uids on the lake, stu.UUd h<-,v and there with tastefully laid out villas beloiigii;- chielly to tlic merchant princes of New Y.ak who resorUhcre durin- the .M.m- nier months. The value of these small islanr Miiiitekalixi, which \va.s a much larger boat than the one we had been in the day before : it was beautifully fitted up, !Uid veiy 20 comfortable. TliU steiimer plies between tbe Fort William Honry liutol aud the village of Ticonderago, near to Lake Chauiiilain. It was a beautiful day, and during our iiasaage we had tbe pleasure of suoiug an iuuueuse eagle sailing th.ough " the azure deeps of air." A gentleuum on board stated from its api.ear- ance that it would measure seven feet from tip to tip ; we saw anutber a short time afterwards ; also a specimen of that raveu- ous bird tlie vulture. In many places precipitous rocks of large proportious rise from the lake, the retlection of which on the smooth placid waters of the lake has a magnificent eflect. On our lauding there were, as usual, the familiar lumbering coaches in waiting. We had four miles tc. drive to a point on Lake Cham- plain, near the old historic f..rt of Ticoudcrago. If the roads were bad before, this one was even worse, and we suH.-icd m a still greater degree the shakings of the previous day, but no limbs were broken. We pitied the poor horses which h.ad to draw us up the steep ascents with about a foot depth of mud. Some of the passengers walked at these places, but when they came to take their seats again they were in a deplorable plight with dirt and mud. We took upwards of an hour ai! feet thick. The flank wall ou the down streani side rises nearly perpendicular, and is 7 feet in thickness; that on the up stream has a slope from its foundation upwards ; the thickness of the walls is VI feet, and they present a smooth surface to facilittite the move- ment of the ice, on which account its form had thus been deter- mined. To insure greater resistance to the pressure of the ice, the colls are filled up with earth, stones, and gravel, so that one solid mass was thus obtained. Tlie embankments are solid, composed of stj)ne 30 feet above the summer water level, and of the width of 30 feet ou the upper surface, formed with a slope of 1 to 1 on the down side of the stream, and a hollow shelving slope of about 2i to 1 on the upper side. The slopes are faced with stones set on edge at an average angle of 45°. The piers- are solid, and constructed, as well as the abutments, of the finest description of ashlar masonry, laid in horizontal courses measur- ing from 7 to 12 feet on the bed, and from 3 feet 10 inches to 2 feet 6 inches thick above the water level, and thence varying with a course of 18 inches under the plates. The stones were cut with the greatest exactness, seldom refiuiring to be redressed after being laid. They weigh from 7 to 17 tons ; the average weight of each stone is lOi tons. All the bedp and vertical joints are square ; the external face rough, and without any pick or tool marks, but with the natural quarry face preserved. The Btone used is a limestone of the Lower Silurian order. The avjrage height of the piers above the summer water level is 48 feet, gradually rising from a height of 36 feet at the abutments to 60 feet at the centre pic, giving a grade of 1 to 132, or 40 25 entie piers, which are 330 tre tube, which is 60 feet nee. At the centre of the of the noble river. ,Tho embankiucnts— the one on 111 that on the south shore ucluding abutments, wake a tulle and three-quarters. ise, 278 feet long, and are or cells, 48 feet in length, OSS walls .I feet thick. The rises nearly iierpendicular, the up stream has a slope hickness of the walls is I'J face to facilitiite the iiiuve- i form had thus been deter- ; to the pressure of the ice, nes, and gravel, so that one lie embankments are solid, summer water level, and of nirface, formed with a slope ream, and a hollow shelving • side. The slopes are faced je angle of 45°. The piers ■ the abutments, of the hnest n horizontal courses measur- id from 3 feet 10 inches to 2 sr level, and thence varying he plates. The stones were om requiring to be redressed r 7 to 17 tons ; the average 11 the bedp and vertical joints ;h, and without any pick or quarry face preserved. The Lower Silurian order. The he summer water level is 43 of 36 feet at the abutments g a grade of 1 to 132, or 40 feet to the mile. The centre span is level. Each pier is fur- nished with a solid cut-water, or ice breaker, which forms a portion of the pier itself. They are of a wedge form, and slope from their foundations upwards, terminating in an angle 30 feet above the summer level of the river. The foundations, of course, vary ; some are as low down as 20 feet below the water. The whole of the ashlar is laid in hydraulic cement, in the proportion of one part sand to ouo part cement. The backing from the level of the surface upwards is in common mortar. Tlie piers are cidculated to resist a pressure of seventy thousand tons." There is an immense traffic over the bridge from the West to the United States— Boston, Portland, &c. It is more than commensurate with the enormous cost of the bridge— nearly seven million dollars. It gives to Montreal an unbroken railway communication, the value of which cannot be over-estimated. Amongst the churches the Episcopal English Cathedral stiinds pre-eminent, and, as I have been informed, is by far the most perfect specimen of Gothic architecture in America. There are many other churches — Roman Catholic, Tresbyterian, Wesley and Methodist — vieing with each other in lofty spires. Con- spicuous among them is St. Andrew's Scottish Presbyterian Church, a beautiful building, and of chaste design. The Rev. Andrew Paton of Penpont was for several years the respected pastor of this church, and much regiet was felt by his attached congregation on losing his invaluable services. The new church of the Jesuits is an imposing edifice. Among the banking establishments in the city, the head office of the Bank of Mon- treal is one of the handsomest. The post office ia an old build- ing, and now too small for the largo business carried on ; a new one however, is talked of. None of the hotels are first-rate, being old-fashioned, but a large new one is spoken of as being requisite for such an important city. Fine carriage-drives abound in and around the town ; that round the " mountain," as it ia termed, (in our own country it would be called a hill,) ia a very fine one, commanding a splendid view of Montreal, the gloriouB river St. Lawrence, and a great extent of country. Montreal, being originally French, baa still much the style of that gay country about it. In every street you will observe a S6 „» FnolUU and French natnen on the placw o! curious mixture of EngUaU ana rren .„a orchanl^ ^!"f -«jf ^ :t,; ^^ j^d fana about .ix 'tT:treTynr^^rp;BZtheLachinerapidBoftheSt miles from the city, netin, 1 1 . „„g,e,i \,« the magnificent tr^r.Tw»rX"^ ... »' -"* «"' "■ • »•" '^ •' the wealth of Pomona. ^ Tlielandis "^^^^'^^J, ^^^r^ml^^^^^^^^ ^t v::tn«tt not qua" that in Upper Canada. Vege- in Lower Canada » ° H ^^^ ^^^ oppresive, tation is very rapid ''^l^'^l^''^;^^^, experience rapids of the St. uiwreui. , Lach ne, and v(hen the tiny oaai. »vi' t^mxtui and roaring waters at ''^^•^^"^t^ tS trt^WnTr^-t^ degrees, and is i^eonceivahle spe^ . «^ -8^ ^^^ ^^^^,^^ ^„, ,^,y on goonmsmoothwaterwhen P 6 ^j^j^^^^^^jtheheh^ theaccomphshment of this J"°8 tea . ^^^^^^^ and our little steamer would have been «U*hea m n nch nameH on the places o! irgely carried on, and grain obe ; coneeiiuently the docks Hi appearance. The trade in lerable extent. There are a d out grounds near the city, richest fruit. We had the y*8 house and farm about six J the Lachine rapids of the St. mpre8se\,m uot return up the rapids: that is an impossii.ility, awl she returns through a canal. During our stay, when aeuonipanying our friends, Messrs C. of N., to the Wharf, on their way to tHieliec, lui opi.ortunity was alVordod us of insi.ecting one of the mivgniflcent stean.-boats that ply between Mmitical and (iuebec. They are Hui)erl>ly litt.d up, u.d are well worth visit- ing, everything connectod with them being of the b.st and most gorgeous description, suri.n.s-ing anything of the kind we • have yet seen in America. The sail down the St. Lawrence i.. said to be a glorious mk. >Vo were sorry that time did not permit us to visit the old Cita.lel and t'ity of (Jueboe i'nniortal- ized in history for the gallant deeds of the heroic Wolfe, who, in the hour of victory, fell gloriously on the plain.s of Abraham in 17r.D when Quebec was taken from the Vcm-h un.ter his brhve riv.-il, Montcalm, who also shared the ;-amo fate. Montreal is Bupi.lied with water taken fr.nu the St. I.awrene,- at a point about one mile and a half above the T.aehino rapids where the elevation of the river surface is about 37 feet above the harbour of Montreal. Tluj wheel-hou.io at the tern.inatiou of the a^iueduct is worthy of notice. The water is admitted to, and discharged from this building through submerged archways undei covered frost-proof passages, extending above and below the building. The reservoirs which are .situated on the side of the "Mountain" are excavated out of the solid rook, and have a water surface of over 90,000 s.piare feet, with a depth of 25 feet The two contain about fifteen million gidlons. The total «08t of their erection was nearly 1,500,000 dollars. When out a drive one day we were c:uight in a severe c S8 tbuuaer«tomi, being the firnt we b.ul exi-crie-ced in Au.erica The UgUtniuB wuh rem.ukal.ly vivi.l, the thunder roleaoud the nuu fell iu torrent,, ho uu.ch bo that our .Ir.ver ha.1 to t.ke ri^elter for hiu.Helf and horne, whilnt we to..k refuge n. a K.aall re«t.mr«nt V,y the way-Bide. The Htorm w.u, of nhort dura .on nndthe 8un hoou Bhouo forth in «U hiB glory, so a. to eu,d,L u. to continue our excursion into the country. The ettectn of „ Btoru. like chiH paH« away -luickiy hero, the atmoni.here beuiR of a drier nature than in our own moiBt climate. Ihe Juid iB very rich and capable of producing varioua knuU of crops, wheat, Indian com, potatoes, &c. St Ann's, near Montreal, is a favourite resort ol tam.hes during the summer months, affording as it does charn .-g opi-or- tunities for f.Hhing, a.iuaticH, *o. There is a «;-";/'-; ^" avoid the small rapids which run to the r.ght uncV-. .ho budge ixslougiug to the Grand Trunk Railway. This bn.'ge is on a much suuUer scale than the Victoria bridge at Montrca ; stiU it is an elegant st-ructure and must not be overlooke.l. St. Ann's has been made famous by the poet Mooro m his stu ring CanacUan boat song, which is supposed to have been written in tliis romantic and pretty village. " Faintly a.s tolls the eveniu,? chime, Our voices keep tune and n ; oars keep time. Soon a,s the W(.ods on slu.r ; look '"'n, We'll sing at St. Ann's our imrliug hymn. • * Kmv, brothers, row, the "trearn runs fa^t. The rapidb are near and the daylight s past. " Why should we yet our sail unfurl ? There is not a bieath the blue wave t.. curl; But when the wind blows from off the snore, Oh ' sweetly we'll rest our weary oar. ""^ Wow, breezes, blow, the stream runs fa t The rapids ai-e iieai- and the dayhght s past. " rttawa's tide ! this trembling moon, Shall see us float o'er thy surges soon ; Saint of this green isle, hear our prayers, _ Oh ! grant us cool heavens, and favoniig airs. ^ Blow, breezes, blow, the stream runs fast, ,, The rapids are near and the dayhght 8 past. n ul fxiicrie'iced in America. 1, tlie thumler rollod, aud tliat our driver bad to tiika we tciok rff\ige in a fiiiidl ,orm wiw of dhurt dunition, 1 bis glory, 81) Hit to uimlil'j ho coiiiitry. Tbo etteotH of ;kly biTo, tbe iitiuuHiiherc • i)\vu uioist climate. Tbe irod>tcing variuua kiiulH of !to. avourito resort oi" families i aa it does cbarii '."t; cppor- There is a canns here to ) tbe rigbt imcVi tbo bridge dlway. This bri(lge is on a ia bridge at Montreal ; still ist not be overlookesed to have been written in chime, 1 , ■ oars keep time, I look dim, imrliug hymn. f, tbe stream mm* fast, r and the daylight's past. 1 unfurl ? lue wave tra . .vlaoh wo foun.1 to bo vovrohoratod from other sonrccn aftm- w»r.l- In ..-arU to euot^rati.., from the oM .'ountry, a stout, iu.lthy. inaustri , ,.\vith a„ a..,ivo holpnmte an.l ru.m, f.unilv has the best ohnnee of evonludly HUecce.hns as a settle, in tonaaa. No .lo„.,t it is uphill w..rk at first, but ,ersever. „nco, a..oom,>ani..a by ^ood health, will Hunnount all obstaelew If tho 1 .n.l is un.lenre..,- -that i:< to say. in its natural ,nnneval .Ute,- it ean ho bought- tor 10 UolLrs an aero (a( ana. hau dolhu^ I worth .s 0.1 in our^noney ). It is estiu-ated that 1 :3 dollars w. ,,„t it into a half cleared state, c.nil.led with hard work. If the ..ttler eau allord to ,.Mrchase land i-.rti.lly cleared, tins e.u. bo u'ut at from ■>:, to ;;u .lollars an acre, and wo woidd think thm the .aorc ,.refcrable m.-lo. The first thing to be done i. to have » wooden hor.HO erected, with ..eeessary oHiees ; then commence U, cut down the trees, perhaps two or three feet above tho «rounewoo,l principally consists of pu.e, maple bmh Lech, &c. The pine is us, d for saw logs ; tl>e mfenor kmds of lood "are chielly L up into lircwood. Tho BtmnpH of the W are sometimes burned to facilitate decay, a« it takcH about twenty years for them to r..t out in their natuval cou.-sc. After gett g ' part of his land lit for cropping, the Bettler grows a htt le wheat, potatoes, an &-, are grown i. largo quantities. S.xty bushels .Indian corn i. not an unu.ual crop per acre. Beet-root or J broom-corn, and tobacco, have also been succeos ully rrlmented .ith in Canada; and all veget^.bles and fr.ut ; w in Kew England and AVe.tcrn States of Ammca may b« M in the Ottawa district. A farm of one hundred, ov c en ia ac OS, i. ciuite large enough for an industnou. .settler n i'-^ n ts ^vi lung to come to this part of the country would U St c lb together in junt-stock con.panies of ten or e.a^l each company purcha.se a block of 1000 acres or^ t best agricultural districts, and divide .t amongst them : o^r own '.untry much misconception arises w.h resi.ect t^ e mount of capUal necessary for a settler m Canada. A« tuJ " 1, a . ' .king family, although they may not ^.ahse M t uu- have it in their power to secure mdependenc n'ext generation have the chance of getting on well '" . li^lhev succeed to the industrious habits of their '" t-^'ttcl^ a Visually a few Ayrshire cowa, or short- I'"' .\u tiVd in .inter on hay and straw, and maybe '"" ; ' f na . to r>0 dollars, but these are of the best de- ^^:; In U. y .-luce always commands a ready sale, and , o eHihsl ment of cheese factories is commencing in the well- Uie ^-■'^"■""'^^ ^^^ J t^,. ,f ,a .lusdity sells well, and is "''' Wl^t^t; s^^eperffor ultimate shipment to the ,ven bov^t up by I ^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^ Lanark. "l;:'a nnt^leal, last Ml, 2,800 p^kjig. of butter lot for nu.OUO dollars. This quantity held by one firm '" t. hm h.t of any other retail dealer in the Dominion ^"cmS^ t^ ui IndLtion of the extent of the butter '' ^ tin the county of Lanark; other large lots were t,K,o alone nhccouy ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^ fnf 'tC B t They have also native sheep, which are fep by the Ulu. y ,^^^^ may be worth "'" L-dtis 2 ' LaSLs in the fall give 3 to 4 dollars, ^^olt ; — g to quality, 30 or 40 cents, a lb., or 11 K 8d per lb. in our money Three-year-old cattle in good condition bring about 75 dollars each. •n. Tomatoes, melons, carrots^ : lavyo iiuantities. Sixty bushels luvl crop per acre. Beet-root for J, have also been succeosfuUy • ami all vegetiiblea and fruit item States of America may b« A farm of one hundred, ov even ugh for au ind\iatriou.-i settler. ) this part of the country would jtint-stock companies of ten or w,se a block of 1000 acres or so its, and divide it amongst them. iconccption arises with respect to- ry for a settler in Canada. As f, although they may not realise power to secure independence, the chance of getting on well „ the industrious habits of their y a few Ayrshire cows, or short- ■ on hay and straw, and may be ;s, but these are of the best de- ays commands a ready sale, and itories ii commencing in the well- -jf good qusdity sells well, and is pcrs for ultimate shipment to the jrth, tho county town of Lanark, ist fall, 2,800 packages of butter This quantity held by one firm ither retail dealer in the Dominion tion of the extent of the butter £ Lanark ; other large lots were ueicester and Cotswold sheep are luvo also native sheep, which are 3 whitefaced, and may be worth in the fall give 3 to 4 dollars. uality, 30 or 40 cents, a lb., or money. Three-yearold cattle in (5 dollars each. 33 Cattle are allowed to roam at large through the woods in summer, and in the fall those intended for beef are in good con. ditiou. "When the cold weather sets in they are slaughtered, and the meat allowed to freeze, and then, being put into a cold place, it keeps nice and fresh till spring. Poultry are preserved by the name process, and milk may also be kept through winter in frozen cakes, a lump being chopped ofl' and thawed as occasion may require. The frost and snow make the climate heidthful and bracing, and the soil more fruitful, and the valuable products of the forests are made subservient to the use of man, otherwise Canada would not be as she now is— a prosperous and thriving country. A considerable number of swine are kept in the colony ; they also subsist for most part in the woods during summer. Taxes are very light, and in the newer townships rarely exceed a few pence per pound ; but all on tho assessment roll are obliged to perform a few days' statute labour annually upon tho roads. Tho clearing of the land is most frequently done in winter, and thrashing and milling are also exclusively winter employments. Besides purifying the atmosphere and enriching the ground, the frost and snow fill up mud-holes almost impassable iu summer, and convert lakes and rivers mto excellent roads, over which the farmer takes large sleigh loads of produce to mill and market. The want of good roads in Canada is a great drawback, but as the colony grows older they will gradually improve. The wages of a good working man are usually from £30 to i:40 a year with board and lodging, and that of servant girls from ten shillings to one pound sterling a month, also with board. A party of upwards of sixty agricultural labourers, brought out to Ottawa last year by the Rev. Mr Fletcher from Wiltshire, were all taken up by the immigration agent in the course of a day or so at '2i, 20, and 14 dollars per month, accord, ing to their merits. Shoemakers, tailors, blacksmiths, and cari)en. ters, are the tradesmen most useful in the newer parts of the country, and will find ready employment in the various to^vns^ villages, and settlements. Masons, bricklayers, glaziers, &c., will also have no difficulty in getting constant work, at high wages, in the large towns, at least when trade is good, as it is at present. 55i3iraE^35,r-3>3E53i r u But intending settlers, whether as farmers or tradesmen, must bear in mind that the indoli-nt and intemperate will find no room or encomagcment in Caniidn. The ni.Hle of fanning near the large towns, such ns Toronto, Hamilton, &.'., where the kn.l has for a long period been culti- vated, is diilevent in many respects from what we have stated above The value of the land is accordingly wore, but, taking everything into account, it i. a fair sample of Canadian farming in crucral. . , „,, n. Wc arrived at Ottawa at cl^-ht o'clock at night. The weather had turned very cold bMors we concluded our sail up the river, but it was invigorating and bracing to the nerves. The captain of the steamer told us that the river would be closed for naviga- tion on account of the ice by the middle of November ; after that they keep h(,liday by enjoying themselves throughout the Ion" winter until their avocations are resumed in spring. The winU-r is very agreeably spent in visitii-g, sleighmg, ^c. Ottuva contains about 00,000 inhabitants. It is a rising pU-u:e, bcin" now the capital and seat of Government o£ the Domimoi. of Cana.la. and, from its large connection with the esten. give lumber trade, is a city of much importance " >s beauti- ully .Ituated on the Ottawa river. We went to he Russell nolo or Hotel, where we had every on.fort and attention. Ottawa has been selected as the new capital of Canada. Kor- merlv the cities of Montreal, (Juebec, and Toronto, had the hone -u- by turns, but jealousies sprung up between the nva dtic which ended in Ottawa bei.,g selected, as being the most central and desirable. The Government buildings have been tdv erected here, and much credit is due both to he arehi ect who designed these beautiful and ornamental structures and to he i spirit and patriotism of the Canadian Legislature Tie rarliament buildings, with departmental offices, and the Queen's Printing House, occupy three sides of a square, on nsing cmind overlooking the river, called Barrack Hill, from which th e s a fine view of the Chaudiere Falls, at the western It tmity of the city, which are considered by many to stand nelt in importance for beauty and grandeur to Niagara. They ^e immediately above Ottawa, on the river of that name, the farmers or tradesmen, musk id intemperate will find no irge towns, such ns Toronto, for a long periotl been culti- frc.m what we have stated :cordiiigly wore, but, taking sample of Canadian farming ;lnck at night. The weather eluded oiiv sail up the river, to the nerves. The captain r would be closed for naviga- middle of November ; after ; themselves throughout the are resumed in Bpriug. The siti-'g, sleighing, ^c. abitiiuts. It is a rising place, lovcrnmeut of the Dominion conuectiou with the exten. ich iniportaiioe. It is beauti- r. We went to the Russell ■very ctiuifort and attention. ie\v capital of Canada. For- ebcc, and Toronto, had the pruug up between the rival g selected, as being the most ;rnmcut buildings have been it is due both to the architect srnamental structures, and to of the Canadian Legislature. [Icpartmeutal offices, and the ree sides of a square, on rising ed Barrack Hill, from which udiere Falls, at the western considered by many to stand I grandeur to Nir.gara. They the river of that name, the 35 width of the principal fall being two hundred feet, while its depth is forty, the boiling and foaming appearance of the water giving its name to the place. On the northern side is the smaller or little Chaudiere, and here the waters after their leap disap- pear into some subterraneous passage, by which they are earned off until they again appear at a place called the « Kettles," halt a milo lower down. The Tarliament buildings contain two Legislative Halls, one for the Senate and tho other for the House of Commons, in imitiition of the Lords and Commons in England. By the kmd- ness of a gentleman, a member of the Legislature, we had the opportunity of seeing the interior of the Houses of Parliament, which arc liandsomely decorated and elegantly furnished. Amongst other sights we saw the magnificent library, which con- tains C5,000 volumes. The buildings are after the Italian Gothic style, and built of stone found in the vicinity. The cost is said to have been 2,500,000 dollars. The space allotted for members is divided into different seats or desks, with the names of the members who occupy them, such as the Honble. So-and-So. The members of that august body are always designated Honourables. In the splendid corridors are pamtings of the principal men wlio have distinguished themselves as statesmen. &c., in the colony. In the interior of the Senate House are busts of Queen Victoria and the Prince and Princess of ^^ales. In the city manv handsome streets and buildings are in course of erection, aud'altogether it has a rising and business air about it In the neighbourhood of Ottav, a the land is pretty well culti- vated, but it is in close proximity to the backwoods. We took » drive to the village of Aylmer, a distance ot 8 miles, at the margin of the Lake Ottawa, and had here a glorious view of the immense forests before us in their primeval state. We were told that these forests extend in the same direction two or three hundred miles, where few habitations of man can be seen, save the lonely wigwams of the Indians, who are f-\c railway, an.l iu their q.inion ^ ^v.m!■l miuirc a r.OO.nuO .,f in..uey to bo txi..i»loa to [.ut tlu Uuo into I.rop-r' working ..nlo.-. It has m Un.uenH. trailie, a.ul vv.lli «..od u.auaKcuu.nt, an.l taking into con.i.lcrati.m t .0 ,rcat re- Lcc, an.l extent uf country it ,.u,c- tlnougl,, tho ,n.pect« of the cunpany might bo much i.n,novc.l I o.unto a though „ot the capital, n.ayhu ternua tl>o chief e.ty ol Ontano ... Upper ('a.ia,la. It Nva. in holi.lay attire .luvn>g our stay, in expectation .,f the lirst vi.it of L.,r.l DulVcvin, the lately. «l.l,„i„te.l (JovernorUcneval of Ihitish North A.ock... Ihe ..Hncipal Btreets were tantefully ckekcl out >v.th Hag. banner. an.l beaut.ful arch, s, bearing m.itable in«criptio..« m honour ot the event, .ueh as " Wclcu.o fron. Down," aval al breath.ng loval.y to our own belove.l Sovereign. Lor.l Dulhan. being a ,.-tive. of County l..nvn, gav.3 ri.e to the na.tto n.eutu.nea above. Hi. Kxeellenc/s propose.! v,«.t vva. n. e.,nnect,on v.th the great agricultural .h.,w to be heM in Uannlton a tew .lay. later, he having intin.ate.l hi. intention of h..nounng it w.th Lis prenence. The former ruune of T. -onto Nva. Lutle V.rk, until ISO I. when it wa. ehange.l to it. present one It ma beautifully lai.l out city, with wi.lo .treet. un.l -"'" .^ ;;;" ^ ,,„iiaing«. Tho LT.ivevMty U ..ne of the eh.et attrae .on , .t «tan.l,s in a tin,, park .urr.,u.ulea by .tatcly tree... _\ e drove thiou-h the g.. omuls a.i.l also i.ito the cout.try. Ihe .no»t ;!;;;::ie .Irite i. tho o..e .kiru.:g Laket.ntari..,w.,cre,ona liue .lay, .nay bo Been eve.-y Wn^ of vc^el, ir..... Hteamc.s and Lure yacht, down to «.nall boat, an.l canoes. A\ e ob.rve.l Lar the city a .pU>ulid n,..nunu.nt erected to the .uemory o the brave volu..teerB who, like true patriot.-, tell lu .Ictenee oL their c.untry in 180G, when Canada was invade, by .narau.Urs Ionian, from the United Stated frontl.. Canada is h-ya l„ the core an.l ri.ht well di.-l.o..:d to the mother country, and L. no desire f..r uni. n with its Yankee '-^'''7^' -_ ^^;;,;; not nuah rcid h.ve between tho two races. ^^ e trust that ^hL country will give the Cana.liai. full credit for .le..,t..m U, the parent country, an.l f..r di.,tant be the day when the tie. o. hloeKl .ml kindred .hall be .severed betwixt theui. liter .pending two d..y. at Toronto, w. left *t 1^ o clock noon L Ill their ciiiiiiuii it wimlil fXlKiuU'tl to I'ut the lino 1 iinmciitii' tniillo, nml willi coiihidciiitiun tlio great re uotn lliiuiigli, tho iirui-peelrt proved, 'roruiito, iilthoiigli chief city of Oiit;uio nr attiro liming our stay, in I.c.vd DulVcrin, tho latoly^ ilUh :Norlli Auieiica. The ;ked out Willi Hag?, l.aiinevs, ule iuscriptiotia in liouour oi 1 Down," ar.il all breathing igii. Lord Dnlleriu heing a u to tho motto nieiitiontil visit was in connection with held in Hamilton a few .lay>« ■ntion o£ honouring it with it' Ti'onlowaH Liitlo \ork, to it.* present (jne It is a lo t-f.-eels and somo elegant of tho chief attraetioua ; it by btutcly trees. Wo drovo to the coiiiitry. The moat i:g Lake On^aiio, wliore, ou a of vtb.-^el, fiom fiteaniera iliul .A and eanoc'i. AVe observed :iit erected to the memory o le iiatiiol.^, fell in defence of la was iuvailed by marauders itea frontlr. Canada is loyal d to the mother country, and Vankeo nrij^hboiirs, as there is , two rae^^^. We trust (hat ans full eiedit for devotion to lit be the ui>y when the ties of I I ctwixl them, onto, w,J left »t VI o'clock uoou 41 on 23d Soptomber for Niagara Falls vil Hamilton. \Vc intended to have taken the steamer and sailed aero.s I,ake Ontario, a, much Hhnrter route, but found that the time of the steamers sailing had been changed, the summer season being now considered over, therefore we were comi-elled to go by train a distance of about 81) miles. Th.'re v,-as a violent thunderstorm nt Toronto early in the morning, but the weather soon cleareil up and the day waa lovely. On account of tho show at Hamilton, winch was to commence on the '2 tth and extend over three .lays, the trains were crowde.l with passengers (a Dumfries Rood Fair waa nothing to it), and in conse.p.ence were much behin.l time before they reached Hamilton. We met with a well-informed German in the train, who had been 20 years in (Canada : he told us that he would not change his now adopted home for Kurope. To our enipiiry wlu^ther there were many Scotch aettlers in the district of Canada to which he belonged, and how they were getting on in the world, he replieil that there were a good number of Scotchmen located near Hamilton, that they generally were doing well and in goo.l circumatances ; he added humorously that they were a canny and close sort of people but most respectable. By this time we suppose he hul a sort of vague idea that hi. fellow-travellers hailed from old Seotlan.l, as their tongues betrayed them. The country between Toronto and Hamilton is well cultivated, with neat and clean farm houses, the Imo of railway being studde.l. Wheat, oats, Indian corn, and turnips are grown, the soil being rich and fertile. When we reached Hamilton Station, long behind time, all was bustle and con- fusion, and it was nearly 5 o'clock in the afternoon when we resumed our journey. We had about 40 milea to travel, per the «reat Western Hallway of Canada, from Hamilton to Niagara. The country in passing appeared very much the name as between Toronto and Hamilton. Our expectations rose high at the pro- spect of soon being within hearing of the awful roar of the world- renowneon l.r.dgo and to La ing torrent beneath. We can a.Hure our rea-lorn that. • we did not relish our descent to tho lower .eg.ons, bu ui^e ro k2o way. the eonse,,uenee would be fearful to con ten.i.U ifo^wouW be dashed into a thousand aton.. and. a« 1 at would sav, drowncil into tho bargain. T vh rlpool U a little lower down, and i« v.s.ted by all on Itot the wild and u.agni.icent grandeur of ,t« »ee«ery : r" lU v" "t: of the troe-elad preei.itous ban,.H th,.w.ng Uleir Bond.ro shadows over the restless waters, and con.b.nmg ^^';;!:trr;I:t:;d,ru.,tturntotheri,>t.hke. >, a „1 from the terrific rush of wate« against the opi.osite tir'I l^^-U- -'" anughtywhiripoo. is for.e..^ .n w ii log. of w.«,d and other bodies have been known to «oa ong before finding an exit. Wo watched ..th .ntere« Lrof wo.d which again and again were on the pomt o Sngan escape from the Ml-devouring circle of waters but ::. al ay. Backed in by the maelstron. The depth of the r mid Catarftot being on the 11 tlio Canadian wide. The with Liiku Ontario. The rnior and 10 miU'H nl.ove tlio e Ontario ; il« fall between with two tricnda wo engaged ) the l^igllt■^ coiuforUbly, and iv.lUul would be nearly four- 1 (U.liurs— not a very extrava- OfH. Wo lir.(t drove to the e railway 8Usi)cn«ioii bridRe and after insixjoling a variety lor'ti hoUHO, we dertoended the led to the tirocipitouti rockH, u edt^>! of till- frightful abywK, Lhe HUrtiienHioii lividK" '""* '*'" in assure tmr readi!rn that at to the lower regions', but after unelven ayiiin, and proud that ,u of mninj,' «ufh a natural This vertical niilway haH, we and should any i)"*""* "^ *'"' )uld be fearful to conteuiplate, thousand atoms, and, us Pat ;ain. • down, and is visited by all on icent grandeur of its seenery ; d preeii'itous banks throwing restluBH waters and combining ipt turn to the right, like an 1 >>£ waters against the opi.osite nighty whirlpool is formed, in jodies have been known to float t. Wo watched with interest id again were on the point of -devouring circle of waters, but maelstrom. The depth of the 48 river at this point is said to bo tlOO feet, the width 1000 feet, and the porpomlieular height of the banks ;idO feet. There is an exciting incident connected with a perilous voyage nia.le down the whirlpool rapids. The Maid of lhe Mid steam- boat, which was in tho habit of conveying tourists under the •pray of the Horse Shoe fall, left her moorings about a .piartor of a mile above the old suspension brit. at half-past five o'clock in the morning (they rise early in the new world) and look the cars for Toronto. It wa.s a lovely morning when we again crossed the suspension bridge. The sun in all his glory had just risen, and his rays were reflected on the mighty Falls, which, seen in the dihtanoe, had a most imposing and never-to-be-for- gotten effect, especially when luoUfd at for the last time ; the mere recollection of it will always remain a white stone in our calendar. On account of the gn-at show at Hamilton ."till going on, the train was crowded, and we passed many stations where eager passengers were waiting for conveyance to that city, but owing to want of accommodation many were left behind with disap- pointment depicted on their countenances. There seemed to be a great want of method in arrangement and punctuality of trains in the Western Hemisphere. We arrived »t Hamilton long behind time. While waiting at the station we saw a party of Indians who had left their wigwams to mix with the civilized world at the show. They wore copper-coloured, and short of stature. The females were adorned with ornaments, not of the most costly description. However, they seemed (not unnatur- ally) pleased with their fantastic appearance. On our arrival at Toronto we found that it had on the previous night been the scene of great rejoicings, Lord Dufferin, the Governor-General, and his lady having paid their first visit to this city, and been met at the station and escorted to the Government House by a torchlight procession, the citizen* being anxious t'.> show their loyalty and respect to the repre- sentative of our beloved Sovereign. In the evening we went out to see the illuminations in th« streets. These had a fine effect. There was to be a grand ball at the Government House in honour of the visit of the Governor- General, to which all the principal citizens were invited. The Government House was lit up magnificently and with exquisitu I I IV. -rRAiriE FAnMiNO. o nights and a day we left this h Sei)t. at half-piist five o'clock in the new world) and look the vely morning when we again he sun in all his glory had just d on the mighty Kails, which, t imposing and never-to-be-for- nUfd at for the last time ; the lys remain a white stone in our at Hamilton still going on, the id many stations where eager reyance to that city, but owing y were left behind with disap- atenances. There seemed to be ■angeraent and punctuality of ere. We arrived »t Hamilton ig at the station we saw a party {warns to mix with the civilized ; copper-coloured, and short of rned with ornaments, not of the ver, they seemed (not unuatur- ' appearance, found that it had on the previous rejoicings. Lord DufTerin, the ■ having paid their first visit to le station and escorted to the ihlight procession, the citizen* lyalty and respect to the repre- ; to gee the illuminations in the There was to be a grand ball at ur of the visit of the Governor- :ipal citizens were invited. The iiagnificeutly and with exquisitu 61 Uste. We learned next morning from visitors at the hotel with whom we were acquainted, and who had been honoured with invitations, that the ball was a great success. We may note that from the great influx of strangers at Hamilton we foimd it im- possible to find room in any of the hotels, which necessitated our return to Toronto. The following being a gala day in con- nection with the great show at Hamilton owing to the expected visit of Lord Dufferin, we left early in the morning for that city. The train was crowded with passengers, and the scene at the station on our arrival was something novel. There were visitors from the remotest parts of Canada and the prairies of the far West ; in fact, these people think less of travelling 500 miles than we would 50 miles at home. On arriving at the show ground what principally impressed us was the great pre- parations made and the extent of the exhibition in every depart- ment. The sIkjw was held about a mile from the town, and occupied a large s^pace. Tt was calculated that on that parti- cular day no leas than 25,000 people were admitted. In the afternoon the Governor-aeneral and Lady Dufferin, accompanied by a few of the principal Government officials, drove in open carriages through the show yard. They were well received, and most enthusiastically cheered, his Excellency appearing to be very popular in Canada. Amongst the stock shown were Ayrshires, Galloways, Devons, and some splendid specimens of shorthorns. The show of horses was good, not including many of thedraughthorses we have in thia country, but all hardy, useful-looking animals, fit for carriage or saddle, with a considerable amount of breeding about them. In the sheep department were South Downs, Leicestcrs, and Cots- wolds, with a sprinkling of the native breed. No Cheviots were visible, possibly for the reason that in Canada there are as yet no Brydons, Elliots, Carruthersea, Welshes, or Johnstones to come forward as competitors in this class. Of late years there has been a marked improvement in the quality of stock reared in Canada, as eminent breeders there spare no expense to bring over prize animals from the old country. Swine were ninncr. ously represented, the country l.xntig famed for that description of stock, though th! gnunphies arc of an enormous size and n r 63 cmite overgrown. There was a f.no .liHi.l.y of agricultural im j'lements, showing tlmt Cauaila i.s a ri«ing coloi.y, and making steady i.rdgresB in agrienUure. . , . r< i Hamilton maybe t.-rmcd the agricultural caintal of Canada, being in the eeutro of a fine tract of country. The town is a hand«omeone,^vith beautifully laid out streets. The market place i8 Biniciou., an.l «ell adapte.l for U.e puriu.se mtend«l. The pon„l»t»'" "f "^"""ton is about 2r,,000. It hes, like Toronto, on Lake Ontario, and is a shivping p.-rt of «ome con- gcuuence. , , There are a great number of Scotch Hcttlers near this, as nko at tiuclph. Nvhich is a thriving town, and has risen rapidly in imi-ortanco of late As a general rule, the m ttlers are doing well, times being at present good, and trade fUmrishing. Long ago, transactions in stock au.l produce of all kinds ^vere made bv barter, but now times have changed, and money i« plentiful. There is a good demand for hvlourers and artisans of every kind. Hailwajs have done much for Canada, and have tended to develop its great resources. When at Hamilton we were so fortunate as to meet with some parties who haeeu tho eau8« of 8o n.uch distress, many having loHt their all, «till large fortuiu* are l.oiug ma.le ..ut of its run.H, and speculator, (worshippers of Mammon) are ri.e, many ot whom tear neither good nor ha.l if they can only make, money. It w ..id that Knglish gold ha« aided much iu re8UH'fi a * «S* '=' " ^ " ^''' rt«. The 'voodon iiavemciit ble fur iii'tliwtiiuim, hh every way to iuipi'dt' locDumtioii, Ht, txpccially at night, when leiitly, mill furtlioijo Chicago city ill tliu VMirld can nhow gdiiig on ut once It may ; to the dcumiid for inaKoliH, Wo lire told that from (our good hands. Although tho ;h distress, limliy Imving Uwt ig niaili) <'ut of itu ruinM, ami on) aro rite, many of whom ;iin only maku. inonoy. H U ich in resUHcitating Chicago, got ni> by Uriliili cnturi.riHc ko good ChriHtiaus, acoom- , c , of N -, who hud leatro. Now, gentle rciwlerH, too hastily of breaking tho to tho Theatre, but for tho preacher, tho Uev. Hubert 1 many rertpcctn an extruordi- : the lions of the West. He s now a clorgyman of noto, at evening. It wus crowded ; :ed the scene was a novel one, finely orna'.iented building the roof, and other paraiiher- untrostcd Btrangely with tho uet. After tho preacher com- le, we were at a loss to realize r atheutro. Demonstrations the cue of the speaker, who 1 comic style, soinetimes draw- id bursts of laughter from his t undoubted talent, and gave, i7 ypon the whole, a goolea.se theiuHelves in that resiiect. As fur ourselves we had nut been ;acustoined to scenes of this sort in our churches at home. Chicago, we believe, can boast of the largest and inoat exten- give daily live stock market in the world, and every strang. r, especially any one who takes an int.'rest in stuck, shnild em- brace the opportunity of insi.eeting this wonderful scene. Wo were fortunate in hiving fric'iids cninu l-.l with the stock market who kindly volunteered to show us the market yard. It is situated about live miles from the centre of the city, but the tramway curs so much used in Ameri.a make it of easy access. The stock market is said to euver four hundred .leres of laud, subdivided into nuiiKTOus sections lor the respective owners, and apportioned so as to contain tho diHeient kinds of stock, with a wide carriage drive down the centre. Lines o£ railway for transport of stuck aro iiin into the yard at almost every point, there being every convenience fur facilitating busi- ness. The number of cattle shown is iumiense, averaging ortions. They aro fed on the prairies in great herils, and in general are not in high condition. The dealers consign them to thu numerous salesmen in Chicago who lind a really market fur them in that city, and also to purchasers from the eastern portion of the L'nited States to supply the large fities such as New York, ISoston, Philadelphia, where tho con- sumption is very large. Bargains are tpiickly struck at the stock market, tho Yankees being very 'cute and sharp in that respect. There is no " haggling " as at our own home markets^ iuoh as Dumfries .or Lockerbie. A buyer comes up, oUers bo much per lb. liva weight ; if this is not accei>teJ, the buyer d^i^^^^idiSSii^^^ - 68 l,idH the Hale.mau goo.1 morning, quickly -''-'* »»'* ';";7' ^i i. off ..< a cuter, HourinhiHg a u..«t ,,mt«nt..u. wU> ., n. t l um i which ho U ,...r.uct. If a h.-guu in ,ua,le tho c.ttlo aru a i eu J^. >y tweuti... to a ara.b.ia.o. which acU ,u. a wcKh.ug i^ ;;.... .UK. ..y a very in«..ui„u. pn-ce. kW.. the exact^ 0^ ThiH i» takcu'auwu l.j the clok iu cUaigc, who h.u.a. the co.ti ed lei o tho purcha... ana tho lattc. -ttK. with the ...lor Lr tl>o umrkct iu ouo of tho bank. cIoh., at l.uul. N hen wo wl thero tl.o cun-ont ,,rico ,c.. lb. w.u, four cent« ana a quar- ter live weight, equal to fully twopence of our money. T^ro a.t aUo enonnon, nu.nbe.H of hog. «hown, brought t,l the S..te. prcv.,a.ly Ui.n.l. /^ " '^ ~— thing to «oo live hur.irea or «.. in tho haud. o one .eale . la ly average number of thi-. cla«« «hown la .aul to be tr a 8 00 Z mm, and in the bu-ient «.u,on it even reaclu. the ZIZ number of .O,00O. They are hoUI u. n.nch tho Hauu- ^T^:^y of the n>a,ket there are extensive ...i.-g e«t bi utH. Here gruuq,hy goe. into one department all e lua kicking. an.l, after unaorgoing a v.^-ty " I-r~ oomo« out iu a very Hhurt time ready curea lor tlema.k.t. Z HUtiHtios publLod wo hua the nun.ber u pork .~ IZd waH '^•i.oati in 1850. 271.80:. iu 1800. (iS8,U u. 18<...-- t ' ho "n« vn enormon. increase. A con-iaera le nun.ber o, tie bog« are'alHo ae«patched alive per rail to the Eastern .tate. whore they meet with ready Bale. ,. i i ■ , ,1 Pork is largely uned iu America, a favourite di.h bem, ,.o.k '1,;:" tro al.o shown in the ma.k.t. but not to such ar. extent a« the foregoing classe.. They are pnucq.ally o, the ''t^'Zl market U supplied with the be«t of water by A,- . n wells This great market is generally ovei- by mid-lay '"Xhor nnctoa'with the trade have an early start which Jv be very agreeable ou a fine summer mornmg, -t the ery ^ wllu cold winter sots in, as tiiey require to bo m attend- keen frost and snow at that seasou ot the year. »!g «f H, e eUB > tf > >i-^,.»..,-^;i^ -"-" iiickly wlwU hu horse, ami |HiiU)i>t.)iH wliip, in till; >i»e 5kin in Miatlu till) c.ittli) aru me, which iiuU iw ii wfiKhiuK luCfKj. givi'H the exact wimkIiI. uiigc, who hiui.U the certitied latter nettlcM with the seller ik» olim.) at hau.l. Wlieii wo b. was I'tiur ceutH ami a ipiar Blico of tmr money. uiH o£ hogs shown, Viroiight niieil. It in no uncotuuioii lie hamli* of uiio dealer. 'I'liii »» shown ia laid to be from i8t Beawoti it even reacheH tho jr are Hold in much the Bauu- there are extcnaivo cihIiik' ;iiea into 0U« deimrtuient all rgoiiiK a variety of procoDseg, ready cured for the market, the number of l>ork carcaMen i ill 1800. 6S8,U1 in 1H7'»,— B. A contiidoraljle number of jicr rail to the Eastern States, a, a favourite dish beiui; l"ik marki't, but not to such an The> are principally oi the with the best of water by Ar- 8 generally over by mid-day. iilo have an early stiirt, which lumnier morning, but the very >8 they require to be in attend- nseiiuently be exposed to the u of the year. After apending a few hours most profitabl\ and with nnich ■atisfiu'tion in seiMn^t this world-famed market, we refreshed ourselves w ith Uu,vi L.-or, which appears to be one of the favour- ite beverages in America. It is, however, hanlly so palatalile aR Uass's or Allsoi'iiH bitter beer ; still, lui the day was very hot and ilusty it was most nceeptablu. Wi- next, visited the racecDurse : it is very line ami beautifully kejit, as horse racing is nmch patronised. Near this, in a largo tielil, some 8|)lendid animals were grazing, ehielly shorthorn. .d cattle, some of which woulil weigh 200 stones live weight, b'.ing very fat. Amongst them was an immense biitliilo, tho linest wo have seen ; it appfiired ([uito domesticated and tame, but if once fairly ai-oused would be a daugoroua customer to ineddlu with. UuU'alo hunting is one of tho great sports in tho far West, •ud is said to bo most exciting. The skins are sold extensively in Chicago. Wo saw also in the same onclosure some Indian goata, from whose wool or hair cashmere shawls are miule. On returning to our hotel wo found that Mr Kdmund Y.it"ll, our fellowlravcller in crossing tho Atlantic and in difl'erent partb of tho United States, ha«l arrivoil on a short visit to Chicago. Wo h:wl the i>leaaure of hearing this distinguished novelist deliver a lecture on " English Manners and Customs " the aamo evening in one of the churches to a large and fashionable audience. Hia polished and agreeable stylo of speaking, coupled with his racy aud graphic illustrations, seemed to allord tho audience much satisfaction and delight, and at tho close'JIr Yates was loudly applauded by hia American hearers, He lectured next evening in a different part of the city, where he waa equally well received. We have since loarue<.l that his lectures have proved a great success in America. Being desirous of seeing some jiiairie farming, in the south- weat of Chicago, we left for a day'a excursion into the country early on the morning of Tuesday, the lat October, by the Chi- cago, Alton, aud St. Louis liailroad, accompanied by a frieud acquainted with the district we proposed to visit. We wen', very slowly along the streets, a bell ringing in front of tKi! engine to give notice of our approach, aud it was some titnp sssacsssaBi^ssr CO before we cleared the suburbs of the large cit,. There are a great many level crossingH in America, and the only precaution used to avoid accidents is a signal-board on -.'lich is pamted in legible letters, " IJoware of the cars," or " Look out for the locomotives." There is nothing remarkable to be seen for a few miles after leaving Chicago. We passed several extensive stone quarries that are largely used for building operations. The seam appears almost inexhaustible. It is of the best quabty, and can be beautifully dressed. It somewhat resembles our whinstone. Juliet, the State prison of Illinois, lay on our way, and ap- peared from the railway to be an immense pile of building, rather an inauspicious sign of the morals of that part of the country. The land for a considerable distance after leaving Chica-o has been cleared from the forest, but farther south you enter upon a prairie country, where nothing is seen but a wide expanse of level land bounded by the horizon. ThiB is monotonous ; still it is relieved by extensive fields, some, we are sure, coutaiuiug on., hundred acres of splendid Indian corn, and others of equal extent sown with fall wheat. There is also a large e.vtent of prairie pasture which has never been broken up by the plough. This grass is generally coarse and rank, lu. we say in Scotland, but grazes cattle and hogs well. We passed several towns, but none of much importance until we reached our destination, the small, primitive town of Dwight, wholly built of wood. It is situated seventyfi^e miles from Chicago; and two hundred from St. Louis. We could have wished to extend our trip as far as that important city but time did not permit. Being dinner time, we regaled ourselves in a quaint hostelrie with what we would term a tea and coffee dinner, at which a variety of dishes were served up These were no sooner placed upon the table than they were besieged by swarms of files and mosquitoes, the day being awfully close and hot. We hired a buggy with a pair of smart ponies to take us to a model and crack farm about four miles distant. Our Jehu was an intelligent youth, and on the road gave us some samples of genuine Americamsms. He informed us that His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales 61 le large cit , . There are a ica, and the only precaution 1-board on ". 'lich is painted cara," or " Look out for the arkable to be seen for a few lased several extensive stone r building operations. The It is of the best quality, t somewhat resembles our )is, lay on our way, and ap- I immense pile of building, morals of that part of the rable distanos after leaving ,ho forest, but farther south where nothing is seen but aided by the horizon. This ;d by extensive fields, some, red acres of splendid Indian iown with fall wheat. There )asture which has never been grass is generally coarse and grazes cattle and hogs well, none of much importance a, the small, primitive town It is situated seventy-five udred from St. Louis. We ■ trip as far as that important Being dinner time, we regaled Ith what we would term a tea ariety of dishes were served ied upon the table than they ies and mosquitoes, the day f'e hired a buggy with a pair model and crack farm about ,vas an intelligent youth, and pies of genuine Americanisms. i Highness the Prince of Wales «'pent a week in this neighbourhood some years ago, enjoying iLirie hen .hooting. He was very popular durmg lus stay. The roads, as u.sual, wore fearfully bad, the pltmg bemg ter- rific as the ups and downs were frequent. On approacLg the house of the gentleman to whom the property belonged, we drove up a well-kept avenue. The Luse was a mo.t comfortable-looking one, budt of wood, but nicely and tastefully painted, with a spacious orchard m front, "voU stocked with the choicest fruit. Wc stopped at the g.ate, an,. b.i.g strangers, sent in a message to the owner that we le from Scotland, .and would feel obliged by his kind y allowing us to inspect hi« far.n and premises He not only lentcd to our request, but came out himself and gave us a cordial and hearty reception, and «f /^ --'^ ^''^''^"'^^VBrass anything he coul.l show us. He told us his name was Brass, Ztt originally hailed from Kilkenny, in Ireland ; he came out to the West twentyfive years ago, and had been for some yls in business in Chicago, but unfortunately lost all his property in that city by the disastrous fire. Fortuna,ely, pre- vious to the fire he had purchased his present property and came to reside on it a few months ago for the purpose of farm^ ing it himself. It consisted of CIO acres of land of the best quality in Illinois; his crop included wheat and ndi.-vn corn Id a considerable portion of prairie land ; he kept a dairy of forty cows, resembling our shorthorns, about 20 pigs, and a nuantity of cattle. We visited his dairy, trusted the cheese token at random from a large stock of immense cheeses, and found it excellent. Our friend showed us a fine shorthorned lull of which he seemed very proud. The pigs were huddled toge'ther in rather a dirty manner ; those we saw were quite voung; the older ones were feeding in the prairies. We did Lt much admire the style in which the premises ^.ve kept as cvervthingwa., tawdr,,lool-h,r,. Mr Brass informed us he had an eicellent crop of wheat a.id Indian corn last se^vson, that his prairie grass wa« good where he grazed his cattle and hogs, and !l8„ that his land was very rich, so much so that many crops could betaken in succession without the aid of manure \Ve inspected a splendid field of Indian corn of great height, the 62 ,talks as t.11 as from 12 to 14 feet ; the beads of gram had l.e.r, IZ^y plucked. The wheat sown in the faU looked uxariant^ 0r2nd*.ld us that wheat only brings the small pnee o irper bushel and Indian oorn 9d. TheBO appear very sm 1 tZ ^vl"n c„n,p.red with the prices in this country bu th. Lrr m • t re^'cellent crop of wheat throughout the S n States and California last season, and tins has the effoc of tee UK hou^e prices reasonable, notwithstanding the adverse ?nn-e?t we experienced. The gentleman told us he was gc tmg tied of farming life, that it duln't suit his taste and he there- rei ended r'turnmg to business again in Chu.go, when lot -v suitable opportunity of disposing of h,s property Ihe :„dlt W of ai Engli.h noblen.an vi.ited ";'"/'^fy J^ offeed him £6000 for it. This, however, he declmed bemg unw Ik to take less than £7000, and the money paid down m Th as it is a general custom here for the purchaser to pay by iments, wlh is not so satisfactory. After our walk tCu the farm, Mr B. kindly asked us into lus house for refreshment. We went, and were introduced to h« act.ve and lltlng wife, w-ho had just been busily engaged gathermg TautL a pies in the orchard. If we didn. tank the oute premises too well kept, there was a marked co,.t .St m the dwell L-house ; this was beautifully clean, quite a treat to see, the altmentwe were in being neatly painte,!, and urmshed with Zh good taste. We had some excellent Scotch wlnsky, with pl'ty to eat, and felt so much at ease that we -M «can.^ believe we were in the State of Illinois, upwards of 4000 mdes ^'7eZl farewell of our kind host and his better half, much Pleased with the reception and attention they had given us. iT was a lovely evening on our way back to Chicago, he sky was clear, and we had the pleasure of seemg one of those Trious unsets only to be seen on the prairie. There is no tSht in this part of the world ; when the sun sinks below th. horizon everything is soon enshrouded m darkness. AA e arrived at Chicago at night, much pleased witV our excursion to the prairie. 63 1 bends of grain had been the fall looked luxuriant, •ings the small price of These appear very small in this country, Vnit the lakes a very material dif- of wheat throughout the on, and this has the effect .withstanding the adverse an told ns he was getting lit his taste, and he there- Again in Chicago, when he ing of his property. The n viditeil him lately and wever. he declined, being d the money paid down in ;)!■ the imrchaser to pay by factory. After our walk iked us into his house for troduced to his active and 1 busily engaged gathering we didn't think the outer arked contrast in the dwell- Q, quite a treat to see, the lainted, and furnished with collent Scotch whisky, with ease that we could scarcely inois, upwards of 4000 miles St and his better half, much ition they had given us. [ly back to Chicago, the sky ire of seeing one of those on the prairie. There is no I ; when the sun sinks below jghrouded in darkness. AVe li pleased witV our excursion Next day we took a drive along the shorn of Lake Michigan. The day was fine, and the lake looked like burnished Bdver «. Te si's rays, affording a striking contn«t to it« JPPearanc« a few days before, when it was agitated by a storm. We JZl the Park, which, when finished, will be one of the or- r.„t, of the c ty. It embraces a large extent of ground, and naments of tt^e c.t>. .^ contiguous to rrd ;" it is tiLn into the park, and here we must pUest a.^ainst this desecration, for, on passing a ong. wo were Tc^I at the wholesale raising of the <^^^> ^-^' ^\^^^-l'^ TurnltM 'X wol; ;: permitted or even attempted the devastation -"^^J^ ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^ Paris exhibited after lection somewhat of the fl P"^^'"^/^ ^^ Comraun- the partial ^^'^'^-^'^^j\''^^X^^^^^^ ^^^^■n^crr^hi"^^^^^^ Se. Th-::; some fine streets in Chicago, amongst^^o. Streets Mich gan Avenue, &c. lliere are Madison and \N ate hStrts,>g ^^^ ^^ ,,^^^ j^,,, ^„eh , gveat many ^-_^^;" ^^^^IVe. The fire made great havoc ^^^^T^hoTl bl-; some magnificent ones are in amongst the hotels , , g^^ ^^^^^^ r"^ "' tCtCTre-n; Hir^e observed in the even- On our return t°^^«j^ ^^.^^^.^ tue heartrending news ing newspaper of t^^* f J^"^ Caledonian RaUway at Kirtle- of the dreadful accident on the Caledn ^^y^^ ^^^^ ^^ bridge that «-; -«^~ot ^^- -*«ll'«-'=« ^'^ li^r--urbeJoJin.ndthatC.cagoti.e U six hours behind that of «'~^; ^, ^^ j^ Chicago. business of eveiydesor^t^ ^^.^.^ a few years it city contmues to f™ '" ' . ^he otate of Illinois is ^1 be one of the largest m^Umon^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ;r:rlfSrmS;: r^iuuaea by Wiseonam on t.e . 64 late years a great influx of .ettlei. b i W g ^^ ^^^^ ,,nK,vc.Hrom civilization of any ..f ^'''^ ™Xr .v^.t-sucb flcUlH of entn-inise arc opened iq. now BtiU farthe. as Kansas, Nebraska, and Minnesota. CilAl'TKll V. i.onsvii.1.1.. ,v. ,0.. c.,i,,„o *,. . !''"-:i';:;';;„:'j<:;s..i 1 1 ;„,. tliMii.'h fantast c farmhouses mteisiitrstcj. ^rS,^i:rcattle and sheep gra.n. and h..s ..tin, . tlu- ^voods. Indian eorn, as usual, api-en-ed to bo the . . ^P Ih. land here not being of such a vieh na^nvc .■ t^>^ P- - Ja of lUiuois, and on that aceount no. - -*-^^^^ ^:^ ^Vo reached JeirersnnviUe before we ero.-sed the Oh .^ r.,.er Ji of fifty feet, the lowest point being in September and the high- "\^S'is .Ituatcd in the north of Kentucky, and . the ca^t o! that State. It contains about one hundred tL.sand uLbitantB. It has somewhat of an old-fashmf a look. I. 1-s east, Kentucky on the 3st. There hiis been of long it was the farthest United States, but new still farther we»t— such urn of five flays, and A October for Louisville oather was fine but very pleasant than during the ig We passed through ped for a short tixne in a fine oouiitry, and is a a lovely, balmy morning f. The land has been i well farmed, with snug- itcrsperscd. AVe noticed ling, and hogs snorting in ijip'red to bo the t'i"'o rich na*nro a., ih"- ri'"ii'e uo'. fc.', suitable f.)- '-he it. roosed the Oh'o river bv a Tho Oil-''-,. ■• l>"ge ''"^l- thousaml milet, ai'd fails idHi is nbout-, !ialt'-i)-rii''>'. ,,.v.o its vaol" length has a IS steamboats. It is, hov.- lal rise, n.aching an average , September and tho high- ;h of Kentucky, and is the i)out one hmidrcd t:,.iusand old-fashionr .1 look. Jt J-as 6S a very romantic site near the Falls of the Ohio, vrhich can bs seen from the city, and the landscape is beautiful when the nver is at its highest. The Falls are scarcely visible, and steamboats can pass over them freely ; but when the water is low, th. river. which is nearly a mile broatl here, has tho appearance of numer- ou8 streams of foam rushing over the Falls. The streets ol Louisville are generally wide, well paved, and delightfully shaded with majestic trees. Wc stayed at the Gait House n, Main Street, which is a very well conducted hotel. \Ve had a letter of introduction from the manager of the Tremont Hotel ^at Chicago kindly offered to us to his friend Colonel Johnstone, manager of this hotel. There are a great many colcnols, majors, &c in America, who spnmg up like mushrooms during the late war. Our friend the Colonel was very attentive during our '^^The morning was oppressively warm when we arrived. We could scarcely imagine a day in October to be so overpowering r trg for the trme that this city is in latitude 38», a marked difference from our own of ..5°. After breakfast, we hn-ed a conveyance and took an excursion into the country, v.sitmg fiist the Cemetery, which, as in all / meriean f ;->-?- "^ "^^ principal objects of interest. This is beautifully si uated on Eg ground, from which there is a splendid view. The ground t^tSullylaid out, and the monuments at once du.ste ancl niagniflcent. No can-iage is allowed to pass tnimigh he Ceme^ teTexcept at a walking pace, so that we had ample t.m. to J around. Proceeding further into the country, wo we.^ Charmed by the neat and cfosy appearance o The wi. K n tuckv Homes," the fam-houses being generally good and bau- £lyomam;nted,each having a fine orchard attached he country, however, had a parched and burnt up appearance, from the long-continued drought, and from the sandy nature of th. soil. The Kentucky farmers are famed for the good quality o their stock. The cattle are strong but coarse-lookmg. All SI of grain are grown here. At this season of the j.ar^he trees were looking splendid, clothed in variegated foliage. The Zo ele-nt here is very apparent. We though of the time not many years ago when they were bought and sold li.e »too-. Jl 66 in the market place, and again these Hues of Cowper were recalled to our recollection— Fleecy locks and dark complexions Cannot sever nature's claim ; !>Ss'^n^vS\nd\Shesame. . Left LouisvUron the mo.-ning of 15th October for Cmcm- .rie'Z^t. of OHo.one hu^Ued a^.n m..^^^^^^ and 1^«^ f-^- "^77:^7, toTtl^e country .as ''•f " f^.^i:Xt^eTr^2x.nn.t\, with the long- rich and beautiful, but very ^^ ^^^ i„port»t ol tU. W.*n, Sut.., «d ,. ».d " '• ^'-^ »,'^ 4... ines of Cowper were lexions ion tho Rame. 5th October for Cincln- and ten miles disti\nt, ; seeing a considerable irough the couctry was mt up with the long- j the wet season experi- entlemen's seats than is mpare with the baronial parks and stately trees, iving extensive orchardet to be raised here ; the served large quantities of , an abrupt standstill, and engine o£f the rails, and rofuselyin every direction, train, he told us that he led the previous morning, )Bt. An accident of this the West, and apparently r a few hours' journey we sent bridge, and arrived at ne of the largest and most d is said to be third in the wealth ; it is two hundred breadth. Cincinnati is a 50,000, and is termed the can cities are very much their streets are laid off, lerule. They rim at right We drove out to Clifton, a irious and magnificent view 67 „£ the Ohio river, gi-aoetuUy bending on its course, with a fine expanse of country, is obtaiued-comprehending Kcutuoky on the one side and Ohio on the other-the river still toruiingthc boundary between tho north and south. We had a dnvcr oriL'inally from the Kmerald Isle, an intelligent wan, xery loqua- ciuus,an.l anxious to afford all tlie informatUm iu Ins power. On enquiring how the slaves who had lately obtanied their tree- domwere getting on in Kentucky, he, in the style pecuhar to Irishmen, replied, " Och, yer honour ! they are far uioio thoug t of and better off than us whites now." In the vicunty ot tin. city are numerous elegant mansions, croquet appeanng U. bo .i favourite game ou the lawns. There being great exoac^ncnt about the Pre8id.mtiDl election, we had tho good fortune to «ec a torch-light procession of Grant's supportcrH. This had an im- posing appearance, many thou'.uids of men marclung along witU torches, accompanied by bauds of music playing some wo 1 knoNsn Yankee airs. It may be in the recollection of your readers that it was at a convention sitting in Cincinnati that the late Horace Greeley was nouiiuated as future President. Cincinnati has a very large pork trade, and altogether is a rising place, and of great commercial importance. Durmg our Bhort stay we were located at tho Burnet House, an excellent esUiblishment. Left at 10.30 p.m. for Washington, a distance of nearly six hundred miles, per the Baltimore and Ohio railway. Wc took the precaution, before starting, of procuring sleeping berths, for when this is not .attended to when you purchase your ticket it is often impossible to secure them after you enter the train, there being generaUy a great demand for them. 1 he Baltimore and Ohio raihoad passes through the grandest and most romantic scenery ahnoat to be seen in America tor about two hundred miles we travelled through the btate of Ohio. It was early morning when we reached Parkersburg m Virginia. The Ohio is crossed by another elegant bridge. We had breakfast at Parkersburg ; and being fortunate, as to weather, the day being clear and warm, we had the gratification of feasting our eyes on scenery of surpassing beauty and gran- deur. We noticed with interest nice little snug cottages, built of wooa, with neat little gardens and small plots of land well es cultivated. Thes, are chiefly occupied by negrocB wt^_ " V^ ninuiea" were aeeu akipping about < as merry as ^- J^^ tobacco plant I» cultivated largely in Virguua. The land « SchTndUue. and the oUn>at« is good. On our -y J pa. many places of importance. Petroleum, famed foi its oil rprbgsf Grafton. Curberland. &c. We now entered the lovely va ley of the Pol^mac, .hich the railway sWrts for a long u- lance The river is very small and diminutive looking at first, Cldualy increases in size and importance as it flows toward S sea TUe country all around its banks is undulatmg .and beautW'ooded. Altogether, the scenery was most en^ cCfng reminding one in some degree, although on a much t^Zd the scenery around Blair Athole and Dunkeld m „n Scotland. The Potomac in rich in h.stonca mt re ite banks forming the battle ground of many a bloody conflic blveerthe Federal and Confederate armies in the late c.v. tr The train stopped at Martinsburg to allow passengers Ze for tea. This place was noted during the war a« havmg b"n tllen nd retaken several times. We reached Harpe^ Ferry juBt before dusk. This is a notable place. It is s.tuat^ at Se confluence of the Potomac and Shenandoah nvers. Harper's FerJy is 82 miles from Baltimore. It was near here Se Booth, the assassin of the late President Lmcoln. was Taptured and shot in a barn. The scenery at Harper's Ferry .s Xrb and grand. This point was a place of much xmporUmce during the war, and was the scene of many ^^^^^'.^''l a Sand tedious ioumey we arrived at the city of Washmgto» at 10 o'clock at night and took up our quarters at Ebbita Hotel. Chapter VI. Washuigton— Philabeuphia. WA8HXK0T0N cm. the poUtical capital of t^« ^m^States fa situated in the district of Columbia near the banks of the ?S^ Kiver. in the midst of a lovely lands^^pe. It ^ Zen by Washington himself « the spot on which to «« tiie e» r negroes whose " pifla- merry as f^rig^" Tlio kfirginift, The hind !b On our way we passed m, famed for its oil now entered the lovely ■ akirts for a long dis- linutive looking nt first, anco us it flows towards banks is undulating and scenery was most en- ree, although on a much : Athole and Dunkeld in ich in historical interest, £ many a bloody conflict armies in the late civil irg to allow passengers luring the war us having I. Wo reached Harper's ble place. It is situated and Shenandoah rivers, imore. It was near hero 3 President Lincoln, was aery at Harper's Ferry is )lace of much importance many skirra'shes. After at the city of Washmgton our quarters at Ebbit's al of the United States, is i near the banks of the lovely landscape. It was spot on which to rear tiie future capital of the embryo Kcpublic. From the luights around a magnificent view of the beautiful wafors of the To- tomac is to be hud. It is u considerable seai'.rt, and of lute years has risen greatly in cuuimercial importance ; its poi.ulatu.n has much increased, and now amounts to i.ne l.undred thousand. Although for long the headeiuurters of Cc.gress uud courts of law it was reckoned a dull, uuaint city, w th not much spn-.t about it ; now it is vastly improved ; its ; treats arc si.acious and well arranged. On the morning after my arrival 1 salliuUorth to seethe lions of tha city and surrounding ueighbourhjod, which is rich in historic interest. I went first to the ^ 'hite Houho, the President's mansion. I presume it takes in name from its being painted white ; it is an elegant but not imposing edilice, built of freestone, only two storeys high, and one luuulred and seventy feet long. On the north side, upon rennsylvania Avenue, the building has a portico, with four Ionic coUunns, through wliich carriages pass ; a circular colonnade of six Doric pillars adorns the Potomac front. In the centre of ihe lawn across the avenue on the north is a bronzed e.iuestrian statue of General Jackson, erected 1853. Near the White House, on one Bide, are the unpretending offices of the Kavy and War Departments, and on the other those of the State and Treasury. On entering the White House I was shown the apartments open to the public ; these are all plain, but adorned with i.ainlings of eminent men who have figured in United States history, such as Washington, Jefierson, Van Uuren, and Lincoln. While inspecting those objects of interest I incidentally enquired of the attendant whether President Grant was at present in the White House. He replied in the affirmative, and after scanning me narrowly, added, " Did I wish to see him '( " Not having the remotest idea of being so privileged, I said, " I would esteem it a high honour." The attendant then said, " Oh, just follow me." After ascendmg a Jong stabcase I was ushered into a large room, where I was received by a gentleman, who pohtely asked me to be seated, and requested me to send in my card to ibe President This 1 did, and in a very few minutes a "coloured" attendant came with the President's order of ad- mtmmm 7© iWidcut Heat..! at ^l'^ '-^j; ;^^"'' *^^ ,„,, ,,,i „„.ok ha.ulH cordially, aHked u.o to ^ ;«" •« ^ ScotH.n.n, u.ul luul conversation. On "'y;^'^"'B/^; ^., ^^ .Uo l>.oHi.lcnt on.iuircd ^een travelling through vurto A -^;^^ ., ^,^_^^ ^^„ ,^ Low w« were ,.haHe.l ^'^^'^^^^^l^,, ,,,,ly a vvon.lorfnl ,een u.uch «-^"'-'- "" V" ,^7 , U it i«," .an the TreHi- aenf« l-ron.l.t reply. H" '" , ,,,f„,,. After a few other Mlow.eountryu,an of nnne u few « , .,„ ,,, ,.n.ark» on variouB -'^J-^^vv Tlu l-re.i.h.nt. in the .uont valuable tin., -^ ^^^^ ^Ik h d. «t.tin. at the nan^e ;,ttable wanner agani eoi.li, Uy hUo k . ^,^^ ^,^^,^.. tiu.e how gh.l he had been to -« -;;^ - ^,„, ,,, „ ,i,,4„g aent ai,,earB upward. "^ ' ^Xi^ howcv r. the Btem -oldier e.pre.ion of -uutenance n h 1 ^^^^ ^j^ ^^ ^^ ^^^^^^^^,^ i« clearly depicted. He 7";" ^^.^^ .,f uIh own. Ho i« of ,ave a Htrong wiAl, 'l^^^^^jj t^^^^Wd, and appear, to bo xniddle HWU dark visage, - » b";; J^ „,,, ,,3 Ma.ta claims ,le.ed with an "-— H^'^.f L.-o congratulated u^ynelf been previously -^^"''f J .J^' ^...erview that my persuaniv after Hub ideaBing ^"^'\f'ff ^j . influence in diplomati eiocueuce f^ ^l^:::£2^ How President Oran^ uiatterB betwixt Hie two fe'«'^ ^^^^^.^j ,„a it was uU H^e more to bo uot^l ^^^^^^^^J ,„d the approaching „,uch occupied wih the ''^^r ,,i^iy 1 priced the honour o£ "intei-viewing" such an '^P™ \ ° ^^ undignified «,n.o time give my — ^ - ^ ^l^ „, , „epubUc like ,vay of approaching he '^r^'^^f^ ,„„„t^ it seems to be the Jeric.; but in tf^-'=^ttur;:ulia^^^ RepubUcanism^ custom, and °"« ^« ^J""^ J* ^ tWnk i£ our own belov^ rirl^-^ -«b1 icrimlnatelyiu. heraugu. ^'SrLv-g the WUte House, .e crossed the Potomac into j.rcBcnco I f«>n"'^ *''* Me with :miiieni!e inloB nmcliaU'ly .'ntercd intt. iw a ScotHiniiii, iiiKl '""^l , tho rii'Hitlciit oiKiuircd y. I Hiiiimg ;owevor, tho Btern roldier tho cant of his featuruB to iniiul of hiH own. Ho i» of , beard, and api-eara to bo d not iiie Alabama claims lavo congratulated myself rvicw that my iiersuasiv ng inflncnco in diplomati IB ! How Tresident Oran i is a nuvrvel, and it was uU liar period, when he was so 3tat« and tlie ari'roachiiig highly 1 prized the honour it personage, 1 must at the lat it was a too undignified jistrate of a llepublic like x country it seems to be the peculiar to RepubUcanism. think i£ our "^^ ^^"'*^ icriminately into her august we crossed the Potomac into n VirKinin. Here the river is spanned by an elegant and extensive Se We drove five miles through a lovely country, am re2 d the country house where the good and brave Oeneml Lee W.U, bom. It is romantically situated on the Arhngtoa He Lr .uKl urrounded by magui.lcent trees. The house « a mmodiouH but plain one.-well kept, and the grounds. U LauUful order. Everything now had a peaceful and calm ook , ^:1:. at hand you see horrid tr.^es -f tl^^ "'^ --}^;- in the cenietery a.ljoining thou«uuls of gallant n.en rest n the leep of aeath. Neatly-painted slabs, in regular rows para lei to ach other, mark thefr last resting-place, ^u ^.>^^ name is inscribed, and when and where ho was k.lled ; «. some nZces "To the Memory of Private — i name unknown :TZ, inscription-perhaps son. fond mother h. los^ her only son, and knows not where his dust reposeB. This t of iL cemete.^ contains those of the Federal A^y. A u distance off arc buried, in the same manner, he soldiers of te Confederate Army who yielded up their gdlant sprntB lito the hallowed spot where their illustrious General Lee vl born It may be in the recollection of your readers tha h" noble" Lee diefl some years ago in Virginia, deeply lamented Wal parties, while his great rival, OenernJ Grant oceup now ui" eme uthority. During our visit to the cemetery th re 13 an awful storm of thunder and lightmng, '^comi^nied by hltones of immense si.o, everything being on a large s Je - n New World Wo enquired of the guide where Bulls C ; H S it was aboit 25 miles further south ; but. as he"i a Northerner, the subject did not seem very palatable to "^After "returning to Washington, we next visited the Capitol. ThT Ts one o£ the principal sights ; it has an impressmg appear- Ice stands uponabold terrace height, and is seen to much ad ant^e in the distance, especially on sailing up the roU,mac. SrS-th" — Ln stone of the new buUding. which 72 ,n«ke« the i.llfico now Uloo itn original «/.«•. Tho wlmlo bngUi iM 761 fi'et, un.l tho urea of tlw. ground covorod in 3i acrcn. Iho Hvirroundiug ground* »ro ornamented with fount^unn .ind .tatii- lay The S^nuto Chamber and Houne of HoprtHtmUitivci are la the'winKH «f tho Capitol, on each nido of tho centre building. In front of tho Cupitol, a cIohhuI ntatuo ..f AWhinKton u erectod.-tho figure in clothed in the Uou.m Toga, with Hwurd reverned, denoting tho h.yiug d..wn tho power with which he lu« been inv.^ted, having uccowi-lished his end. Cungre^H not being Bitting at the tinio, we had not the opi-ortuiuty of li«ten- ing to American elu.iuonc*. or imh:y\m witneH«ing a fight m tliat Rugiut a««ombly between ^onle honourable Hcnatorn. Ihe General Post OlHcc. lieH midday between the White Hu.iku and the Capitol, It is built .if white marble an.l has a nplendul 'ngpect. There are mimo.ouH hotels in the city, but nono of them are very remarkable f. .r grandeur or extent. Aniongnt theui are Ebbifi, the Arlington, and WiUanVs, the latter junt on the point of couipletion. Waxhington iH well ntocked with churches, Episcopal, Tresbyterian, Methodint, Catholic, &c. On the 8th October, left at 10 o'clock a.m., from tho wharf, per steamer yln'Oic, lor Mount Vernon, which, being the place where Washington lived and died, is tho Mecca of tho United States. \Vhen waiting at the wharf wer.^ much plcaned with bearing two darkies playing and singing somo of their negro melodies, which hart a fine effect, as it was really original. Tho weather was all that could bo desired, an.l the sail down tho Potomac was a most enjoyable one. Mount Vernon is 10 miles from Washington City, it is situated in the county of Fairfax, Virginia, and is seen in tho distance many mdes off, BtantUug as it docs on an eminence overlooking the Potomac, which is here several miles broiul, with a glorious view of Mary- land on the opposite side. We landed at a small jetty about half-armile from Mount Vernon ; there were about thirty ex- cursionists in the steamer, all apparently Americans, with the exception of ourselves. We walked up through a winding avenue of beautiful trees, which afforded an agreeable and refreshing ehade from the scorching rays of the sun, the day being oppressively hot. About one hundred and fifty yards 1 ni/.e. Tho wliolo Ifngth uovorod iH 3i acrcH. Tho vitli foaiitiiinii iind itnlii- j( HcprfHoiiUitivc* are in i of thf centre building, tatiit' .if ■NVivMliinKton '■' Uomiin Toga, with oworil ,ho powur witii which he 1.1 hlB end. (VngresH not lie opiujrti.nity of listen- witncMKing a fight in tlwit lourable HenatoiH. The sen tho Wliitu llmiHu iind nrblo iiud li:w ii Hplendid in the city, but u.jne of or extent. Aniongut tlieni d'g, the latter juHt on tho oil Ht.)cked with churches, itholio, &c. lock A.M., from tho whiirl", u, which, being the idiice i the Mecca of the Unitc.l i weri^ much plcnHcd with ging some of their negro UB it was really original, bo desired, and the call ble one. Mount Vernon is is situated in tho county of ) distiuice luany miles olF, o overlooking the Potomac, th a glorious view of Mary- ded at a small jetty about here were about thirty ex- rently Americans, with tho id up through a winding afforded an agreeable and g rays of the sun, tho day e hundred and fifty yards n from the house, surroundeil by wood and nhnibf., U the tomb o! WuHhington, hel.l wiereil by every American. It 1* » plain, Holi.l building of brick, with an iron gate at Itn entrance, through the Ur» of which may be *w\\ two Harophngi of white marble, side by niile in which rent the anheH of Washing- t..n 8M.1 hiM amiable and atlectionato wife. The burial iilaeo b.ar^ th.' f.-lK.wiiiK mo-lest iuHcrii.ti..n: "Within thi^ eiu-loHuro rest th.' iviuaiuH ..f U.'iiural tJe..rge Wasliingtoii. He .lie.l 1 mil." Near the same place nev.iral ..f his relati,.nH ar.. intorrc.l. Mount Vernon W-mihc i^ a i.lain, ..Id fiwhion-'.l man«i.iii, with a v.randah in front overrun with flower^*. The houHo in at present in much the w>iia^ Htato as whun WaHhingt.m Uvc.l in it nearly a century ago. The ro.jm in wbiili the gr.'at warrior an.l Mt.iteHinau dii'.l is an .)bject of mueli interest, tho old four-postiHl mahogany , l,e.lrtt.a(l in which he lay during his la«t illness, ami th.'furni- tor.', all iu the same on.lition as when he breathed his last. We saw also pint of the camp e.juipag.' he used iu w.ar, and tho key of the liastilo piesctite.l to \VaHhingt..n by (Jeneial Lafay- ette after the destruotion of that infamous French pris.m. Wo next ^ilw through the garden, which als.. is kept in its original style. At the giite st.A.d an ohl negro, n.'arly itO years «f age, who had been .mco a iilavo ..r servant to Washington ; ho was begging, but his Yankee countrymen appeare.l all to turn a .leaf cai to his s..licitati«ms. Wo had two hours to wait at Mount Veiii.ai, so had ample time t.. see everything connected with it. In the evening after our return from Mount Vernon, wo t.)und great rejoicings in pr.igress in the streets of Washington, when the resiilt of the stits ele.jtions, which took place that day, became known. We left Washington early on tho morning of y'th October for Vhiladeliihia, ria lialtimorc. There is nothing remarkable in tho aspect of tho country until you reach that city, which is tho largest in Marylan.l ; it has 200,000 inhabit- ants', and is a business place, with a large amount of shipping. It is situated upon the Patapsco river 12 miles from its entrance into Chesapeake 15ay. It is built on hill slopes and terraces, and has a picturesque appearance. The Washington monument is an object of interest, standing as it does upon a terrace 100 feet above the water at the intersection of Charles and Menu- J 74 n^ent Btreets. Its base is 50 feet square and 20 feet high sup- ment streets^ x gurmounted by a ™Sl,t tUe urn .«rtcl.. Coal ».l o.,.p.r ™ •« ' r^f J Vi, A^ Alio- tevins Bal.i,.,.„, - .,.„,. .o.-.l ^- v.vi- ^nrl infinitclv more comfortable. T 1 -,^0 WilSu P u/; the 'oubrici«et of the city oi Si^l^l^S it noJ bears, .as given to it by Penn Y.,,^ T- 'Declaration of Independence was signed- here Tli me He resided the first President of the United St tes and hte too Congress met until about 1797. Ph.la- States, ana u«i Delaware and Schuylkill rivers, six delphia lies between the D«l™ ^ ' ^^ ^^^^^^^,^ ^nes above the^ J— ^nd 100 mi es ^by ^^^ ^^ ^^^ fs::i^ie:;'t°-^^^^^^ a stnKing aai 1 1 , ^i the streets and pubho luare and 20 feet high, sup- height, surmounted by a t high. The total elevation )rk is of white marble, and 1-8. The Exchange and City altimore by Charles the Ist, ii Mariit, '.^neen of England, vhat was termed the slave- xtent, but rich in minerals, Coal and copper mines are grows large quantities of to- nion for production of this boundary line between Mary- Baltimore wo crossed several 4ges, one of tliem a mile long, ch and well cultivated. We [ the farmhouses seemed large is also dotted with numerous ing to the merchant princes veut to the Continoiital Hotel, b equal in size to the Fifth more comfortable. Ay with magnificent buildings, u-blc. It contains 800,000 in- of the United States. It was : English Quakers, under the the soubriquet of the city of ears, was given to it by Penn udependence was signed- here, lie first President of the United met tmtil about 1797. Phila- fare and Schuylkill rivers, six I 100 miles by the Delaware The city lies low, and has not ; it, but the strsngeris agreeably 3gance of the streets and public she State House where the De- 76 claration of Independence was adopted by Congress and p^ claimed. The Gerard College is a fine structure ; M founded by the late Stephen Gerard, a Frenchman, who died in 1831. We visited the park, which is a magnificent one, only lately made. It is divided by a river, and is one of large extent, com- prising a thousand acres. The afternoon bemg fine, and the weather charming, we had a good opportunity of --g 1' « - Phikdelphia. The difi-erent carriages and equipages fully !J:ltin style those we had seen in the Central Park, New York. From a height in the Park we obtamed a magnificent view of the city and Delaware River with its forests of masts. The shops in general are good, and elegantly fitted up. The State of Pennsylvania is second in the Union,_as regards population, and in many respects one of the most importen . ?ts bistorts remarkable for the fact, which has no parallel ^trSer American states, that its territory was set led without war or bloodshed. The doctrines of P-=^. ''^^ Sood Will taught by its founder, AViUiam Penn, and his band o« " dates, whJn they settled down on the sunny banks of the Delaware long acted happily as a charm over the savage nlurof he Indians. Penn first suggested Sylvama as aa TZlie name for the new colony, from its being so much Sed, but King Charles of England thought if the founder Imew'as prefixed, it would be more appropnate, so xt was called Pennsylvania. Chapter VII. NEW TOUK— HOSTE. w. 1»« Philadelphia on 10th Oct. for New York. The Iniy is iS^b-tiful, and well cultivated nearly the whole country IS r especially vigorous and way; the young ^^f'^^J'f ^ity we crossed a swampy ;fyLg to Ne; Y Jrk. landed safely, and were soon again at our . ^yiIpM-tv•t ^^"> ^^ ^^^^^^,a difference m the P°k. A --^^'-^^'^'^""t^^I^Lir winter garb. As tho fohago or tho t--, -- as=mmn^ ^^^^ ^_^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ .^^ .veather ^vas begmtung ;;. ^^^ J^y.g carriage and pedcstnau heavier clothing rcqu.ite b U - 1 ^ g ^^ .^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^.^^^^ :-;:::Ltr:tirrtndthese.iion..hohad^ t.nsferredbyl3arnumtoother.iuartor^ ^^^^.,^_ to Being very de.irous to see ^^^^^ ,,, ,,.,,, favoured, tear the celebrated l'-'. ^W B-ch^^ Pje^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^^^^^ through tho Idudncss ot SU J^- ' J in.possibility to have y,.^^.;^^.*=T,p™»<^.«'*Mt«l--*'* 1 //here, after ao much lelves at borne. The E seeing many thou- X day had been in- here m all different ; for want of show ; •■like appearance and ;n be doing our own jpinion they infinitely stsadinesB, and drill. :y march past, who in death was published ; ward was au able man, 11 known for his auti- rcudered himself very lis death seemed to be 11 imd corridors of the l,csicgcd by people dis- uul the near prospect of Booths theatre, and had one of his famous Irish nica for some time pnst, "n New York, before leav- irivo again iu the Central marked diiferenco in the leir winter garb. As the ono could observe the ,g carriage and pedestrian lected with the Zoological ,lie scvlion, who had been 'VBm llon,-in other words, to •pieach.ve were favoured, with tickets of admission, a an impossibility to have ymouth Church every Sun- celebrated preacher. The we had to cross the ferry, 77 . ,1 1 • af !/> nresent our tickets to obtain pood and on our arrival bjd jus^ to pre -t ^ ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ _^ ^^^^ seats near to the platform _ 1 he cl ^^^^ .^^^^, intellectual loolang^^^^^^^^^ ,„, ,Ue plat- was decorated witu nowere ^^^^^ form especially was lughly ;— ; J^.^looking gentle- comfortsibly seated when a ^'Sy^\'''\ i^„„i,i,,._ ^t the man came up and tapped me ^^^^^ ,, ,,,Htely a Scotsman Our tr n ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^,y :rsWrS;^l"t- —---"" ^^r^rd Beecher made his api— e at half-^- ; ^e ,,Lanof perhaps ^^X^T^^^^^^ ''' sion of countenance, ^^^^''^''^' l^^^\^^, ^,^ , fu.e head of wears neither whisker nor »"°-^ ^ ' ^ .^^^^ The proceed- flowing dark hair -;-j;;^P;;^ronhrc::ir singing a hymn, ings commenced by a ^^^^^^^ '^y* ;';^,.^.^„, ,, another iiymn Mr Beecher then gave a short but ^ «' ^ "« J^ • ^ ;.,i„g .strains .as sung hy the '^'^^i^' ^^^ ^^r^::! a pUou of the of a splendid organ. The V^'^^^^^ ^^^ ^ext Philippians, Bible, followed by a prayer. He ^ook ^° ,^^ ,„aied an 3d chapter. 12th to 15th verses «- ^ 2nce of it being to eloquent and impressive — '^^ ^^i ,,d ,ot rest satis.ied urge the believer to go mi til the ,^^^ ^^ ^^^^^.^^.^^ with any good work he ^^^"^^^^^^ ' Middle-aged persons, with all <^iliS'''^-'^«''^V'" 1 th'i^eWes with xhinking they ,e said, sometimes ^o— ^ ~ ^^ i,,our to younger have done enough, and ^^^^^^^^^^^^ in an elo,,.ent . ^en ; he repudiated that ^^ ^ ^ .,;,.,,,oi„g, but to peroration, urged upon all "^^^^ ;" [ -fhe service was Lhour with diligence t«th.end<^«-rl^^ .^ ^ ^^^^^^^ concluded by the '^"''f '''Sf " \ " '"a i^,,t for the Weary." .olemn mauner that ^^autifu .i , ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^.^, Sometimes the ''ev. preachoi b.e v y ^^^^^.^^ ^j ,^.^^, heart .and soul into his subject st he ^^ ^^ ^.^^_ theatrical style of preachmg we h.ul I :^,:'':t^^^^^^^- f 78 authoresB of "Uucle ^om b Cabm Mrs^ee ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ needless to say «e were much f^^^^ divine. an opportunity of he«^fc ^^tntln New YoA, and even Broad- Sunday appears to be weU^ptmNewYor ^ .^ ^^_ way is comparatively d'-'^f^^-p J^^^ -r^e churches are ditU,n during the remamder of t^^^ ^J«^^ i^,„ ^£ all .eU a-ded r^ bemg -y^^^^^^ _,,,, ,, persuasions. At first «'«^* J ahutterless-a custom the shops are open. -» t^^^ows^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^lopted in thjB^d o^^-^'^^y ,, ^,u, when the rr^;l\u2 CoS aU t^e interiors of the Shops, and thus make Burethat^l^^^;^ ^^^ carriages.^ pon- On Monday the greets aga. ^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^ derous waggons, and «ow^ ^ york; lares are low- Tramways are much in vogue mNew i ^ ^^^, distance ; only 6 cents., or 2id in our - y^^-^^-^,, g^od horses, they are generally "^fy^X^^'in use in our large cities ; The omnibuses are smaller «7 *^°;^;^';; .t^ched to the they have no couducU.!.. bu ^ ^tSu t t^^e drivers seat. door runs along the top of tl^e omm ^ and the a.:t of opemng the d°°\ ^'^^j^^'" a L^^^ and ;; pull up. The passenger on entermg Ruches ^^^^^ g Jdshis fare through a ^-1 openmg Jo the dr v ^^ acts in the same manner ^^J^^^^.^^ ^„,. i„ the opens the door, and the ^'^'j"^' ,^, ,i au omnibus, crowded thoroughfare of Broadway^ W^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^^ and piloting your ^''^y/^^J'^fiJ ^o ea.y matter. We may ^°tt\r"W- iHe^ied wi^ a huge umbrella wt t^ B^t so as to protect them either from ram or Bun. . „^,_ vnrk f o" families to live in a It is a common ^-tom m^ew Yo^^^^^^^^ ,,,, keeping up hotel. We suppose ^^^^yJ^'J ^'^/^ J^o so miss the com- establishments o ^J-r own ^^^-'^ ,,e ladies. a.e forts of horn, hfe, ^ut theAmenca 'Jsekeeping suits their ir CXC:f*^:;t gentlemen toadies is very Ll«^ ~1 rother to the celebrated •8 Beecher Stowe. It ia and gratified at having renowned divine, w York, and even Bread- ing contrast to its con- reek. 'Hie churches are ibrated preachers of all I naturaUy conclude that re shutterless— a custom a cities for the sake of laUy at night, vyhen the interiors of the shops, and with cabs, carriages, pon- strians intent on business. 5W York ; utfes are low— [or several miies distance ; p, and have good horses, s'in use in our large cities; thor strap attached to the inibus to the driver's seat, Boks the whip, causing him ig touches a spring-beU and ng to the driver. The strap lyone wishes to alight— he tops in a moment. In the stepping out of an omnibus, ig manner to the footpath, iB no easy matter. We may vided with a huge umbrella ct them either from rain or York f '^'- families to live in a cheaper than keeping up «e who do so miss the com- ^ns, especially the ladies, are , of housekeeping suits their a gentlemen to ladies is very 79 marked If a lady by any chance is met hi the corridor or ^. f , ,,„tel the uentleman doffs his hat at once. ^^rilVi rtS ome 14th October we left for an excursion JSTuZ.n, Connecticut, on the Boston Hue of railway. In fhf tlin Tmet an intelUgent gentleman, whom we at once t: ni a Scotchman,'a 3armise -^\Vro^^^'^'^^^ Strange to say, he came from Dumfries, which he left at ten veT™ of Se fo the New World, and had been for many yea« rZH in New York, so America might now be caM i^.Llnnted home. In the same carriage was a young China ^n dr^ed rtte full costume of the Celestial Empire with nian, dressed mtn ^^^ ^^ ^^ of high for its rnanufactures, as are moat ot tlie ciues m ZTnLn has a arge amount of shipping, it is beautifully r Tmd is one of th. most interesting places m New Clnd-lh^amore antique appearance than is u.ual -th SS; tL ; the streets are shaded ^vith magnificent tre^ T tirnubUc park in the centre of the town, stands \ ale CoZ 0^ £ he^ost famous and ancient seats of learning fn America Near the college is .u, elegart monument erected o the memory of an English gentleman from Kent, who ling the reign of Ch.rles the Fli.t, came over and settled amongst the Puritan fathers of New England. Afl r a «leasant day's excursion we returned m the atternoon to Nei Y fk -ch'deUghted with our trip, and JP-t be A., nf the dav in seeing more ot the lions of Jew YorK, i 80 ^uch pleased with our v:b. . ^« P "^^J ,„, ^be thought of at home was now ^f^ ;y;j' ^Teaied voyage across the .•home, sweet home, -l^P^r; * „ ^„„;og o£ the 16th Oc- Mlantic o^f;^^^Sr;Uitt mS^^^ other .laees tober we paid a f'^-reweU visi ^^ ^^^^ ^^ j^^^ and bade adieu to many ^^'"^5 *'''"" vitality and in the received the greatest '^^'^^iT^^^Z^lr.^yC^y/^r. afternoon embarked ^o^^^^^^ J^^// .^J ,eft the shores of the steam-ship ^■"'" ^ Pt^ions of our five weeks' sfvy. Columbia with pleasant '•«<=°"«'=*^7^ "'""^i^d • it has much America has immense -7"^;^;/^;;^ ."^"g^i u ture, to any variety in climate, minerals, manufactures agi' ctent; primeval forests, magnificent nve« en ^^^^ gigantic railways, mo^ as ^^f^^J^^ A-h1 sys- miles. However, with all these aavam „ , ^^^ tern of government has great ^^f t^' ^^J ^j;^ ^.^ ,, I, our .pHghtness -7J^i;t^::,:ro:^"ntt:; ^o much of own country, and the Amencam. j^acious, enjoy the their free nistitu ions. ^J f ^^^^'J consLtion, which has blessings of our free and time-houourea ^^^ ^^^ stood the brunt of -"turies " and brjd t - b^^^^^^^ breeze." The United States has a ^^^^J^^^^ ^hey hav» Irish and Qerman, Americans &c., &c. , ^"^ ^^^^^Z^., Jes are ,ot the same love of -f ^^'^^ "^ ^^^'^ ^ Jthe "cean they great travellers-whon^heysp.^ n^^ England, Scot- say they are Romg to Europe, no b j ^^^^^ ^^^ land, &c., these places being in ^t ^ oP --^^ ^,,j, anchored 111 the luer, uu „i,:„„iv there was no time to get them from the lost "^"^^ and the iJussia )ming to a close ; however .Bpect of seeing our friends minds, and the thought of e dreaded voyage acroBS the 5 morning of the 16th Oc- all Street and other places, Is, from all of whom we had in'd hospitality, and in the ^rd Wharf, in Jersey City, ^n ;ook. We left the shores of ins of our five weeks' stay. ,f every kind; it has much factures ; agi'iculture, to any cent rivers, enormous lakes, reat Pacific, extending 3000 .dvantages, the American sys- ects, the tone of morality and Iocs not rank so high as in our s boast and talk too much of ,me, less loquacious, enjoy the lOured constitution, which has ud braved the battle and the a mixed race of inhabitants— &c.; consequently, they have ■'aswehave The Yankees are ak of crossing the ocean they lot generally to England, Scot- ia their opinion too small for re sailing, our old ship Cuba from Liverpool. We expected provokingly there was no tune Dffice before wo started. The r past 4 afternoon, and the Rusm Bl, rather longer than the Cuba,- - style. The Riima is reckoned ts on the Cunardline for speed, respect of comfort or attendance an; his manner is more reserved and countrymuu, Capt. Moodie. 81 Bteamers, those w.t^ paddles ujg ^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^,_ and sixty tons, which .s ^^Ij^^l'^ the i»»««, including There were "0 cabu, p«- on b^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^ f .rTctn^d: XS. M. Allport, the respected Railway « »'J ^ mpany of England, had been mspect- managerof the miaianuv. ^ afternoon was clear and i,g the «--\J'-"T^eJ T^^^^^^^^^^ of Long Island ;„vJ;orati„g,with a st adybce. . ^^^^_^^ ^^_^^_ ^^,^ '°'''''\ZtZX'^iv^^^<^^^ the Guion steamship AWa. on, and '^^^^if^^^ L.^^,^ afternoon, .and many conjeo- that had left ^ew ^^J ;rwhich ship wild first reach the *"- were made on b^^ul.. wh^^^^^^^ I ^^.^^^ ^^^^^^ ^,^^ ,, shores of Old EngUimi. ^^ ^^ ^^^^^.^ ,a. a slow sailer, as the ^;-« ^lu" ,^0 United States bcr. «-S"l-Hr"'t\; ^o e tr;^^ American Govem- mdls, as from ^f^— /^J i^rom the Cunard line to „.ent have t-nj^f ^^^ "j J, The Cunard Company still, tbe Guion and White S a luies ^^^ ^^^^,^^_ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^^ days the ^^ '^'^^^^ ;^ %,^^^^^ ,^,,1, .musemonts were earned on on our passage out. rcw ^^^^ ^^.^^^ ^^^jj tbe nights -;^Xm:fuoC;r:Sl^t.e in the ascendant. Ihc mou j ^ ^.^.^^ «ea was rough, -- -^^ '^ l^.jlZnr "All's well." On o£ the w.atch on deck ^^ "'"S;"* ;7J^ ,„ y„,, , Ueavy gale, ^VecWay. thej c Oc ober ^ began^^ ^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^"'•"%rniS het increased, and on looking out the During the night the g .^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^.^^^ ^ ^^^ io^-^^-^'^^^^tJ^.t, and the ocean had a most feet hurricane, -^thjain ^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^.^^^ ^^^^ ^^ frightful aspect. ^^ ^^^ "^ ^ .^^,^,,t and most terrible the great Atlantic - ^ J^^^^^.^,, ,,,,„ „ all its fury, rights i'-^Smable. The te 1^^ ^^^ ^.^, ^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^. ^^^"^l^'lTJa^- w e ^alng over our noble vessel which ;:;;';S::^e:flaer the shock, timbers creaking, the wmd r 83 howling, above which you ever and anon hear the voices o£ the gallant tars at their various posts of duty,— all this tends to inspire the boldest heart with dread and awe. You look up at the wild raving sky and then at the hupe crested waves threaten- ing you with instant engulfment, and for succour if need be you fix your eyes stoiidfnstly on the ship's boats, then you are appalled at the thought that they could not for one moment live in such a sea ; another tremendous wave appears in the distance threatening at this time to overwhelm you ; you resign yourself to your supposed fate, and solemnly await the end whatever it may bo ; a whole lifetime flits before your eyes, and the mind wanders back to the many kind friends left behind. This terrible sea providentially passes over us, and our gallant ship proudly steams on in safety through the surging ocean, the storm gradually lulls, we breathe more freely, thank- ful for onco that we have escaped the terrors of the mighty deep ; but as we ppeak from a landsman's point of view, it might not have appeared so awful to a jolly tar accustomed to the freaks of Father Neptune. We were now fast nearing the Irish coast. The sea i-till ran high, so much so that the Captain of the liusitia tho.ight it prudent not ti call at Queens- town, eon?ulering the state of the weather, to the disappoint- ment of parties from tlie Emerald Isle. We had calculated on reaching lAvcrpool during the night of the 25th October, but unfortunately were half-an-hour too late for crossing the bap, the pilnt. being inexoralile on that point. We were compelled to anchor until mnrning, when wo steamed safely into Liver- pool, having accomplished the voyage from New York to the bar in eight days twenty-three hours, at the rate of 330 miles a day run, being one of the shortest passages ever made by the Jlitisia. We parted with many kind friends perhaps never again to meet in this voyage of life. We were two months absent from home, during which we bad trav lied upwards of nine thousand miles. Right glad we were t set foot on our own shores and meet our friends at home, w' >, whether on the broad Atlantic, the backwoods of Canada, oi the prairies of the Far West, had been ever in our thoughts. FINIS. ^^ anon hear the voices of if duty,— all this tends to ad awe. You look up at pe crested waves threaten- tor succour if need be you ip's boats, then you are nikl not for one moment ouH wave appears in the erwhelm you ; you resign solemnly await the end 10 flits before your eyes, many kind friends left ly passes over us, and our fcty through the surginR •cathe more freely, thank- ;he terrors of the mighty (Israan's point of view, it o a jolly tar accustomed Ve were now fast nearing gh, so much so that the lont not t n call at Queena- oather, to the disappoint- ile. Wo had calculated on of the 25th October, but late for crossing the bar, oint. AVe were compelled steamed safely into Liver- ;o from New York to the at the rate of 330 miles a lassages ever made by the id friends perhaps never ■a. We wire two months had trav lied upwards of 3 were t set foot on our lome, w' ), whether on the iiada, 01 the prairies of the ghts. -V ">«h.^« •.^" * ^W-'' (•^ . '-' '^^^J^ti^^^f --f '-»y ty< iw '^' v..M-w!4!'i..jAVj j SfeUii^ajft^ jasg,^^