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Tous lea autres exemplaires originaux sent filmis an commandant par la pramiAre page qui comporte une empreit4e d'impression ou d'iiiustration et en terminent par la darniire page qui comporte une telle emprelnte. Un des symboles suivants apparettra sur la derniire imege de cheque microfiche, selon Ie cas: Ie symboie — »> signifle "A 8UIVRE". Ie symbols ▼ signifie "FIN". Les certes. pisnches, toblesux. etc.. peuvent Atrs filmAs A des taux de reduction diffArants. Lorsque Ie document est trop grend pour Atre reproduit en un seul ciichA. ii est flimA A partir da I'angle supArieur gauche, de geuche A droite. et de haut en bas. en prenant la nombre d'imeges nAcassaira. Les diagrammss suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ^^mm^MT AND BEINQ SOME ACCOUNT OP THE WORK OF TRE Stt^-HELP EMIGRATION SOCIETY, DURING 188B. Ft0tt^ On " QuiVtr,"} [«> ftmHtHft" ^ Cmt^ d^C*., LimUtd. HERE^The Unemployed itruggling for work at the Dock gates. For There, see page 9. ...Cnr OFFICE OF THE SOCIETY, 50, FLEET LANE, FARRINGDON STREET, LONDON. ■■\-^:'' ■">:' 1886. '-. " ■"v'.'i- ..■■:kl,^>'v . '■•/*,^ ,fv j?"-^:^;r' >■";«:^■U^^'.^^^i■^.;^'.4 rer ' imM, HERE AND THERE, BEING THE FIRST REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE Self- Help Emigration Society. "I am getting my dollar-and-a-half a day — that is better than starving about London." — Extract from an Emigranfs letter. 1886. OFFICE OF THE SOCIETY, 50, FLEET LANE, FARRINGDON STREET, LONDON. Cjirt Stif-Pdp (Emigration Sorittg, {In Aid of the Unemployed or Under-paid in Great Britain), 50, FLEET LANE, FARRINGDON STREET, LONDON, E.C. t t Committee : Right Hon. the Earl of RODEN. Right Hon. Lord DORCHESTER. Sir R. W. PROCTOR-BE AUCHAMP, Bart. Rev. BURMAN CASSIN, M.A. Rev. ANDREW MEARNS. G. W. DODDS, Esq. WALTER HAZELL, ESQ. ARTHUR MIALL, Esq. ARTHUR PASH, Esq. E. WILSON GATES, Esq. ^Treasurer : EDWARD E. BARCLAY, Esq. Messrs. BARCLAY, BEVAN, & Co., 54, Lombard Strket. iSecretars : Rev. R. MACKAY. This Society was formed as one result of the interest recently aroused as to the condition of the poor of London and elsewhere. It is well known that much of the poverty in this country comes from want of emplo3rment and extremely low wages, while the new English-speaking- Countries are hindered In their development from the want of the very kind of workers who are over-crowding here. Therefore, to help these people to Emigrate, seems to be the best form of permanenthelp. While many with the requisite means and knowledge are finding their way to these new countries unassisted, a great many who would make most useful Colonists know little or nothing about the subject, and have not the means of paying the cost of their journey. To help this very numerous class of people who are anxious for work and cannot get it, and who in many cases would be able, by a little counsel and timely help, to reach the Colonies, this Society has been formed. It aims to assist would-be Emigrants in the following ways :— The Society supplies information, as to the prospects for Emigrants in the different Colonies, and the best methods of getting there. It advises as to who should go, and who should not go. Money can be deposited with a view to Emigration. It can be withdrawn at any time by giving a week's notice. As far as funds permit, grants are made to those who have shown that they are willing, by present self-sacnfice, to do something to help themselves. The work is in harmony with the Colonial Agents-General in London, so as to obtain assisted passages for approved Emigrants, and the most reliable and latest in formation. Intending emigrants can apply to the Committee any Wednesday or Friday evening at seven. Send for pamphlet, post free, entitled, " Hints to Emigrants." All the work is voluntary, and no one connected with the Society has any personal interest to serve, or is specially interested in any Colony, the information given will therefore be thoroughly impartial. The work is quite undenominational, as the composition of the Committee will show. It specially care^ortEe'agrictntural labourers who are migrating to our large cities. Notwithstanding the present depression of the labour market all over the world, our -colonies still ask for them and for female servants. Clergymen, Ministers, City Missionaries, and others may bring cases they think suitable before the Committee. HERE & THERE The object of this report is to give the reader a faithful account of the ■destitute condition of some of this Society's emigrants before leaving London, and to present, in their own words or in those of their employers, their altered circumstances in our colonies, with a statement of the means adopted to secure these results, and their cost. The Self-Help Emigration Society, since its formation in June, 1884, has done a good work. Brought into existence by the " Bitter Cry of Outcast London," it has helped to remove the tears of many who are now in a condition of comfort and happiness through the aid afforded by the Society. Great care has been exercised by the Committee in regard to the whole scheme of Emigration, and encouragement to leave the country has been given only to men who were in destitution, and at the same time seemed likely to make good colonists. About 150 persons have been assisted to emigrate, by information, grants, and loans (at a cost of about ;;^85o), and, although the Society may perhaps receive some part of this money back from emigrants, funds are urgently needed to help the many applicants now on the list. The Committee are in a position to say that, with few exceptions, the men are pleased with their new homes, are doing well for themselves, and giving satisfaction to their employers. A letter to the Times, from Mr. Arnold White, early in 1885, described the desperate struggle for work at the dock gates, and appealed for means to help to emigrate some of the disappointed men Pacific N- V/. Hh^o-v Dept.' PROVINCIAL L^RARY 99866 VICTORIA, B. C. who were invited to breakfast. A considerable amount of money was received in response to this appeal. This winter, it is believed, the want of employment is even greater. Were it possible adequately to contrast the present condition of the emigrants with their former circumstances, the Committee are satisfied that friends of the poor unemployed in England would, in view of such facts, place such means at their disposal as will enable them to prosecute the work on a scale commensurate with the urgent necessities of the case, in relation to the present distress. All moneys entrusted to the Committee will be most carefully used; and they now urgently appeal for Two Thousand Pounds, at least, to carry on the work early in 1886. Contributions will be thankfully received,, and may be remitted to the Treasurer, Edward E. Barclay, Esq., 64, Lombard Street; the Secretary, the Rev. R. Mackay, 50, Fleet Lane, Farringdon Street, London, E.C., or any of the members ot Committee. How are the cases selected for Emigration^ and, when landed in Canada, how is work ft d for them ? On these two points hinge the real success or failure of Emigration. (i.) The applicant has to bring testimonials as to character, and show proof that he is willing to work and not a " loafer." In the present depressed condition of trade in the Colonies, as well as at home, the Com- mittee have made it a general rule only to assist to emigrate those who can work on the soil, special cases being excepted. Applicants are ex- pected to contribute part of their passage-money, either by their weekly savings, or by obtaining help from those to whom they are known. This tests their thoroughness and energy. (2.) The Committee are fortunate in having as their Secretary, Rev. R. Mackay, a gentleman who has spent many years in travelling all over Canada, and is known to many employers of labour there ; he has communicated with these friends, requesting them to spend a small sum on each emigrant, if necessary, in sending him to suitable work, and he has commended one or more emigrants to the care of each corres- pondent, according to their mutual suitability, and from their letters which follow it will be seen how well our men have turned out, and what fmiher demand there is for the same class in the early spring. Emigrants are advised not to go to the cities. From Mr. W. J. Willis, Dominion Immigration Agent, Ottawa, Canada, October 27th, 1885. "Relative to the emigrants sent out by you, on their arrival here I placed them in the employment of Messrs. H Bros., Hawkesbury, Ontario, to work in their saw-mills at fifteen dollars per month, together with board. ... I have no doubt they will make their way in Canada, as others have done before them." In another letter Mr. Willis refers to two other of the Society's emigrants receiving ten and twelve dollars per month, with board, i.e., JQ2 and jQ2 8s. From Mr. R. Macpherson, Dominion Immigration Agent, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, June 5th, 1885. " The men you sent to me were all respectable, steady men, so far as I could judge ; and at any time between now and August I could obtain employment • for good, steady, single men within a few days ot their arrival. If I had fifteen able-bodied men to-day they could all get work at saw-mills." In another letter, October 9th, 1885, he adds: — "For the coming year you may send me as many good farm labourers as you choose, also as many good general female servants of good character ; as to mechanics I cannot say at present — bricklayers can generally get work if they do not arrive too early. I will do all I can to assist in your good work." From Rev. Robert Hay, Watford, Canada. September 30th, 1885. " I am very glad to be able to give a very favourable report of each of the men. With one exception, they are all with the farmers to whom I first introduced them, and after being tried for a month or two have been hired for a year, the wages given being 100 dols. (;^2o) per annum and board. In the exception to which I have referred, the fault was rather with the farmer than the servant ; they did not agree about wages, after two months' trial, and the man left the place and got an engagement at once with a neighbour, who thought that farmer No. i was seeking him to work for less wages than the man was fairly entitled to. He is now in a good place and doing well. The men have all done very well indeed, and are giving good satisfaction to their employers, and are likely to do well for themselves. They have all been perfectly sober, and seem to like both the country 'and the ways of the people. I am glad that your Committee intend to send more men, and am glad that care is taken in their selection. We can do with more good men in this country^ but we don't want men who cannot live and labour without beer and gin. I think your Committee has shown so much wisdom in the choice of the men you have sent, and the way in which they have been sent^ that it would seem impertinent in me to advise further than to say, that you had better send men on earlier in the season next year." Examples of Cases Assisted. In September, 1884, T- M- -, a plumber's labourer, applied to> this Society for help towards emigrating. He had just come out of a hospital, and had no friends in London ; he could obtain no work, and dropped at once into utter destitution. The Society applied to his friends in the North, who collected £6, the Society lent him j£3, and this j£g covered all the expense of his assisted passage to Queensland. In December he wrote to the Society stating that in the ten days since he landed he had had twenty offers of work, and though only a labourer he could obtain 1 5s. to 20s. a week with board and lodging — board meaning in the Australian colonies, meat three times a day. Sailed April loth, 1885, F W (27, single), engineer; was out of work more than six months ; found at the docks looking for work as a labourer ; was invited to breakfast ; heard of the desire to help men to Canada. His character was good, and he was a Christian man. Report. — The day after he landed he got work at two dollars per day (8s.). In a letter on August 5th, he wrote, asking his father to give him the address of the nearest post office, as he intended to send him five dollars (;^i). A few months before he was almost starving in the streets of London. Sailed April loth, 1885, A Came to a dock labourers' breakfast. B (34, single), bricklayer. — Lived at St. Olave's lodging-house, when he could raise fourpence to pay for his bed, but was often without. He was put to work in a wood-chopping yard as a test. Here he did well. His character was good. Report.— In one of his letters he says : — " I wish I had come to Canada len years ago, instead of wandering about in the old country, sometimes in work, but more often out, wasting the best years ot my life." He got work as a bricklayer ; wages, two dollars and a half per day (los.). Mr. and Mrs. S— (and three children). — Father had been in work in the country as a baker. This failing, he came to London, but had little work, owing to the keen German competition. His furniture had been sold for food when he applied to the Society. Sometimes he got a day's work at the docks. Report. — He was sent to Hamilton, Ontario, with his family, and got work at his own trade — wages, one and a half dollars per day (6s.). He writes : — " I am thankful that you sent me here. I am getting more money than ever I could have earned in London " They are giving satisfaction to their employers. Sailed May 2ist, 1885, John C (38), farm labourer, native of Ireland, came to Collier's Rents Hall, Borough, without food, and very thinly clad. He was put to wood-chopping, at which he laboured faithfully, also some gardening; he saved some money by it, which enabled him to provide part of his own outfit. Report.— He was sent to a farmer at Wolfe Island, Kingston, Ontaiio, who engaged him for one month on trial, with the result that he was engaged for 150 dollars per annum {jQso 15s.) and board. Sailed May 2ist, 1885, James C (29, single), wheelwright, was brought to Old Gravel Lane Hall through the dock labourers' breakfasts ; being out of work, he had not broken his fast the morning he was found. His tool chest was at his home in S. Wales, from which place he had come looking for work. He was put to work to assist in making boxes for the emigrants. His chest was brought up from Wales, and he left for Canada, full of hope and gratitude for what had been done. Report. — Mr. Ritchie, of Wingham, writes : " I have been keeping my eye on him ever since he came here, and feel convinced he is a deserving young man. He has been, for some time past, work- ing in a foundry opposite our place, doing whatever woodwork was necessary to be done there." 8 1^ C had been a farm labourer in Ireland ; came to Lon- don in search of work ; had worked for Cubitts and other large build- ing firms ; had done no work for weeks, except casual work at the docks ; was almost starving ; he was sent to Guelph, where he got work a few days after landing. The gentleman to whose charge he was sent, writes : " He is doing well, and giving satisfaction to his employer." From E H , Aylmer, Ontario, November ist, 1885. " I have not had much time (i.e., for writing), as it's all work and no play over here ; but good wages, if you put your shoulder to the wheel. Well, I am doing first-class. 1 get five dollars (;^i) a month, board, lodging, and washing. I have been here six months, and likely to stop another six, and have saved twenty dollars (^£"4). I have been ploughing, thrashing, and picking apples— just the work I like." From W W , Kingsmill, Ontario, July i6th, 1885. "Me and Hawkins hired out to different farmers. . . . The food is very nice out here. I feel twice as strong since I have been out here. We have both hired out for twelve months. I like this country very much. The gentleman I am working for is a very nice man. He says I am picking up the work very fast. I have been with him very ny {sic) five weeks. This is the place to get on. I get four dollars (i6s.) a month, with board and lodging — and shall get ten dollars (jC^) next year -and H gets the same. H is doing well. I shan't want to come to England again in a hurry." 1'^ From H- , Chicago, May 5th, 1885. " 1 was in Chicago four days before I got work and I have been alrig.it ever since. I am getting my dollar and a half (6s.) a day — that is better than starving about London. ... I shall not come back in a hurry again. I thank God that He keeps me from intoxicating liquors." From T- -, Kingston, Ontario, October 21st, 1885. " When I first came here, sir, I went to Wolfe Island at fifty dollars (;^io) for four months, and John Connor went to the next farm for one month's approbation, anri then engaged for one year at 150 dollars (^30). The island is very healthy, and would not take long to put new life into a Londoner. Any men, being good farm labourers, that are sent by the society, will be well studied by Mr. Macpherson, as Connor and myself were, for he was very kind to us." K EMIGKANTS HOUSE BUILT BY HIMSELF. Copied J'rotii Photo sent hy /'. //. From an Emigrant who was formerly a Carpenter out of work in Croydon. " RooKwooD, New .South Wales, " Nov. 4fh, 1885. " As it is now two years since leaving England, I think it a good ■opportunity of letting you know how I have got on in my new country. I am thankful to say that we have prospered beyond our expectations, and, except a drawback or two through temporary illness, we have seemed tc glide through our life, in comparison with what we were able to do in the old country. I purchased an allotment of land 66ft. by 150ft., and have since built a frame house upon it, so we are only pay- ing off the balance of the land money, when it will be my own entirely, as the material for the building is all paid for, and as I put it together myself there is no labour to pay for. I enclose portrait of house, with Avife and little ones standing outside (see block). . . . My wife and self re- member with gratitude the interest you took in us to get a passage lO granted, and giving information about the country, never thinking it either out of time or place, wherever you were or at what hour I saw you, and would be pleased to go to meet any who may be sent here through your assistance, and give them a welcome and a shelter until they get a start or have had a look round for themselves, or advise them so far as our knowledge goes in any direction. . . . We are all in best health and spirits, and as there seems something to live for, it gives a zest to work which was entirely wanting in England. I may mention that eight hours' work is the general term in this colony, but it is eight hours' ivork, and as the working-classes live much better, they are capable of greater exertion at their employment. A * smart ' mani has the preference, as ' Get it done ' is the general order. Wishing^ you a most hearty God-speed in your work of assisting emigrants, and a Merry Christniss and Happy New Year, " Yours most respectfully, D. H." r« Money has been remitted to correspondents in Canada, to give tem- porary maintenance to emigrants on arrival, in case they should not find employment at once ; a part only of the remittances has been used, and the remainder is retained for the use of future emigrants. Where a small loan has been deemed advisable to provide passage-money, the Committee have generally obtained sureties for repayment. In other cases, Boards of Guardians have co-operated with the Society, and borne part of the expense of suitable cases. In closing their Report the Committee have pleasure in stating they have friends also co-operating in this good work at Hamilton, St. Thomas, Guelph, etc., and that other centres will be opened at Port Arthur, Winnipeg, Calgary, and other places in the far West, as may be necessary. 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