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 ta 
 
 ure. 
 
 X 
 
 1 2 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 imm 
 
 tama 
 
rA-Bi 
 
 H 
 
 i-f^M 
 
REPLY 
 
 To a PiECB called 
 
 T H B 
 
 SPEECH 
 
 Of JOSEPH CALLOWAY, Efquirc, 
 
 B Y 
 
 JOHN DICKINSON. 
 
 " Yes, the lad pen for freedom let me draw. 
 When truth (lands trembling on the edge of law; 
 Here, lad of Britons I Let your names be read; 
 Are noAe, none living? Let me praiie the Aad, 
 And FOR THAT CAusi which maAtjtur fatbtn Utantt 
 Fall by the votQs of their unhappy line." 
 
 POPF. 
 
 i iii i II 
 
 PHlLADELPHIAi 
 
 Printed and Sold by WlILLIAM BRADFORD, 
 At his Book-Store, in Markeuftreet, adjoining the 
 London CoFPSE-Housit, M,DCC,LXIVr* 
 
 ■nr 
 
rA-Di 
 
 ■■ ■ ^■i f!> » !» »ii' "'"-" ! . ' i" 'fi| y 
 
 CT 
 
 Fjsz 
 
 0^ 
 
 1 i 
 
 rj r 
 
 
 K., 
 
 '>4 
 
 t-.i 
 
 
 
 • :» . * tf » <t <ir» ' «^-*'**^* ' 
 
 i': H O 
 

 \.A 
 
 ^ :av*cfT 
 
 ! H O T 
 
 X><:>0<XX>0<><>OfXK^X>C^X>'O^C>C<><X>^ 
 
 T/r£ Pamphlet catted " r^tr 5^^^r^ «/ ^^y^j)* G/i/Aw 
 -* way, Ej'quire" was fubli/hed on Saturday the iitbcf 
 
 Auguft. The next day I U't Town to attend tbt 
 
 Qeurts »» /A^ Lower Counties, and did not return till tbg 
 
 26thy The following Reply was written in the fmaH 
 
 Intervals I could Jpare from the Hurry of the Courts at Do. 
 
 - vertfwJNew-Caftle, and thife frequently interrupted. 
 
 ^ki Court for Chefter County btgan thezHth, and held till 
 the 3 \fi <?/ Auguft i and Philadelphia County Court beganf 
 y^^d^ fo that it has been impqffihlefor me to prepare this 
 Piece for tht Public, in the Manner Iwifi>*d to do. 
 
 I hope the Reader will therefore be fo kind, a* to excufe 
 any Inaccuracies that may be dijcovered-, which I fhould 
 have carefully endeavoured to correS, if my Bufinefs had mt 
 prevented me, '' 
 
 Pbiladelphiay September 4th, 1764. 
 
 ><>^><>Q<><X><>X><X><iXXX^^ 
 
 
 " ■ ' 'II ■ ■ OT g M fi ii i M.ii....||, 
 
[ iv ] 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 INIRODUCTION .... j*l^ 
 General Itate of the cafe .- - - j, 4. 
 
 Thtfirft argument /<?r a change of government, ? ^ 
 relating to the //w^ confidered ' $ ^' ' 
 
 5?f(7»i argument relating to the timey confider'd 7, 8, 9. 
 
 Third argument relating to the p 
 
 //w^, confider'd - - - ?iOf ". Ji» *3» H» I5- 
 
 Conclufion of the arguments relating to the time 15, 16, 
 A general objeftion againft the author's rca^ ^ 
 
 foning confidered - - - r '^> 17* 
 
 General obftrvations on the manner in which the p 
 change is now attempted - - - C ^o* 
 
 The/r//objedion againft the manner, &cc, 
 with the anfwer and reply 
 
 The fecond objcdion with the 
 
 anfwer and reply - - 
 
 The third objeaion -with the 7 26,27,28,29. 
 
 amvv<;r ana reply - - f "^ ' ^ 
 
 Conclufion of the arguments relating 
 
 to the manner^ &c. - 
 
 19, 20. 
 7.1, 22, 23, Z4. 
 7,28,29. 
 29* 30. 
 
 3I' 
 
 The arguments concerning the powers of repre-^ 
 
 fen tail ves to change a government, recapitu- > 
 
 ;.lated - - - - - - ; ^ 
 
 The arguments concerning a military efta- "\ 
 
 blifliment, recapitulated - - y 3*» 3^* 
 Perfonal charges againft the author confidered - 32. 
 The///? charge with the anfwer - 33, 34, ^^^ 36. 
 The ^/f-rW charge with the anfwer ^j, 38, 39, 40. 
 The /^/>^ c'sarge with the anfwer - - 41, 42. 
 The feurtb charge with the anfwer - - 43, 44. 
 Thecondufion --«-»- 4^. 
 
 A REPLY 
 
s. 
 
 Page 
 I, 1. 
 3» 4- 
 
 lehtl 
 
 r'd 7, 8, 9. 
 
 13* H, 15- 
 //w^ 15, 16. 
 
 m6, 17. 
 ithe? 
 
 V V > J 8. 
 C 19» '20. 
 
 .2, 
 
 .23. 
 
 2-4' 
 
 V*' 
 
 7,28 
 
 ,29. 
 
 
 29, 
 
 39-. 
 
 jre- 
 
 31, 
 
 
 itu- 
 
 31- 
 
 I 
 
 3*- 
 
 . 
 
 33- 
 
 34, 
 
 35, 
 
 36. 
 
 3«, 
 
 39. 
 
 40. 
 
 
 4»7 
 
 42. 
 
 - 
 
 43i 
 
 44. 
 
 * 
 
 - 
 
 45- 
 
 REPLY 
 
 [ I ] 
 
 -->« • 
 
 
 
 REPLY, e?^ 
 
 '.'iTI'. *■<■ 
 
 --5' V 
 
 VtR.-l p.feW%S?iu 
 
 } 7mi^ 
 
 M^<y^!flGs(WWb reafohs inductf me to addrefs the p^l>. 
 .^A:. . 4... »y uc -at preient. The one is, to clear a few 
 ^ I T 4 § pVm arguments on a niatter of the utmoft 
 §:L^| ^oitleqwlnce, from, the objcftioiw ate^ 
 f Ikw^ mad^ agaiiift them, in a piece caU d " tht 
 Speech of m^GAvay, £/^, .£^. ^ Thc^ther is, to 
 ajifwtr tltt Unjuft accvifatioris contam'd in that piece. 
 
 .to afthbhcftly, and to l?c traduc'd, Hatfi been the 
 ^tc of many men. To be^tr Handers with temper, and 
 to emertain a proper pity or contcmpt,-fot their weaJc 
 or wicked atjtfets, has Ijcch the lot of ffew. I wdl en- 
 iJcavoar td.imitate their example: and by propofing )t 
 to myfelf, , I hope I fhall be lable fo far tpT«Pprrf» t« 
 ^rfcfcritmeflt ftatuTally arifing from a fcnfe of Wprovok d 
 ' tuurits, thit my vindicatipn may beprefentcd-not un- 
 acccptablyr not iifelefsly, to qahdid mmdS.y 
 
 C6tJLl) I bc.conviftccd, that men of fcnfc or virtue, 
 Voald be'tierfuadcd or pleafed^'by wild declamation or 
 miber^ teilfections. 1 mieht pciKaps be mduced to d?- 
 feiid myfclf, in the fame mattered ftyk and abufive lan- 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
t 
 
 ] 
 
 guage, with which I have been attiickcd : but as thefe 
 rnuft always offend the wife and good, whofe approbation 
 only IS worth wiOiing for, to Mr. Gal/oivayiTeriRn the 
 undifputed glory of excelling in his favorite arts-.-of 
 wrttiK^ coHfufedly, and railing infolently. 
 
 ' P'\^"'"P;;"°"s indeec-l muft I appear, niould I venture 
 into tbefe lifis, againft a perfon who wields the weapons 
 of wordy war — the only weapons he dares to wield-.-yf\x.h 
 fo peculiar a dexterity in hiscxercife, as to feel no kind 
 of rdtramt cither from fenfe or trutl-, the regularity of 
 whofe fober difciplme would prove, I prefime, too 
 great a confinement to this advocate of /r<?^</<?«. 
 
 When I perceived, that Mr. Galloway was hardy e- 
 noughto obtrude on the public z pretended fpeecb, of 
 which he never fpoke one fentence in the Houfe, I was 
 not furprifed to find, that a perlon who treated his 
 own charafter with fuch licence, Ihould hot be unfpar- 
 mg of others. But-w;^ he Ihould engage in this pre- 
 poficrous projea— wi&y he Ihould fo induftriourty endea- 
 vour to exhibit me as a villain to my country, for 
 fpeaking my fentiments in that place where my country 
 had commanded me to fpeak them — why he has wan- 
 tonly wounded a man, who never defigncd or wiflied 
 •^i;« an injury j but has always, as far as his power ex- 
 
 tended, rendered him all the offices of civility for 
 
 what reafons^ I fay, he has thus violated the laws of 
 hmuimty and decency, his own heart is beft able to de- 
 cide The public, with which he endeavours to 
 
 cftabhlhi>w chara<5lcr, by deftroying that of anothei-, 
 may perhaps be able to gucfs xhcfecret cattfes, by which 
 he ha; been tranfportcd in'toTuch unjuftifiable exceflcs 
 of rage and rancour againft me-~—Vor my part, I 
 (hall avoid an enquiry, that would only lead me, I fear, 
 to a painful difcovery of the depravity^ to which the 
 hunvm mind is fubjedt. .^^ 
 
 . ^ ' LlAVING 
 
 MUM II inir-rlMi 
 
but as thefe 
 
 approbation 
 
 1 refign the 
 
 'ite arts — of 
 
 > <' 
 
 >uld I venture 
 the weapons 
 wield — with 
 feel no kind 
 of 
 
 rei 
 
 relume, 
 'dom. 
 
 too 
 
 was hardy e- 
 \ed fptechy of 
 [ioufe, I was 
 » treated his 
 3t be unfpar- 
 i in this W^- 
 bufly enaea- 
 rountry, for 
 ; my country- 
 he has wan- 
 id or wilhed 
 lis power ex- 
 civility — for 
 the laws of 
 ft able to d(;- 
 ndfeavours to 
 \t of another^ 
 fesy by which 
 iable excefles 
 • my part, 1 
 d me, I fear, 
 :o which the 
 
 LSAVXNG 
 
 I 3 J 
 
 Leaviv «» then to the impartial world the judgement 
 to be paflcc on Mr. Ciillcuty's conduct — Leaving to 
 /jim the enjoyment of the Jolid fatisfoSfion, that muft a- 
 rife from the meritorious exploit of ftabbing publicly a 
 reputation, which has hitherto efcaped his in/i- 
 dious attempts^ I fhall endeavour to perform the taflc 
 impofed on me by his cruelty, and to defend myfelf 
 from thofe darts, which with unfriendly hands he has 
 aim'd at my heart. 
 
 When the change of our government, after the ad- 
 journment of the aflcnibly in March laft, came to be the 
 general fubjeft of converfation, tlie importance of the 
 meafure filled my mind with the greatefrianxiety. A 
 fevere fit of ficknefs had prevented my attendance when 
 the refolves were paft : but I confidered that at the next 
 meeting of the Houfe, the duties of the poft which my 
 country had aflign'd me, would call upon me to act a 
 part or more confequence, than perhiaps would ever falJ 
 to my fiiarc again, in the whole courfe of rny life. 
 Mindful of the truft committed to me, I endeavOur'd to 
 under i^and a matter on which fo much depended. i 
 
 I SOON perceiv'd, that if a change took place, there 
 were two things to be wifli'd for, which there appcarM 
 to me no probability of obtaining. Thefirft was, tkat 
 the point on which we laitely di-fer'd with the governoi*, 
 zndfonie ethers which have been earnefl:ly urg'd by for- 
 mer aflembUes, fliould be determin'd in our favour. 
 The fecond was, that our privileges Jhould be perfeS^Jy 
 fecured. - • ■ * . * 
 
 But infurmountable obftruftions feem'd to prefeht 
 thcmrelves, at this time, againft- thele attempts. *" What 
 " reafonable hopes of fuccefs can we entertain; . of haV- 
 '* ing thefe points decided in our favour, while tliofe 
 
 A 2 "miniilers 
 
 J 
 
I 4 ] 
 
 •• miniftcrs wlic To repeatedly and warmly have apprdvM 
 *• of the proprietors infilling on them, are Itill in 
 ** po*rcr?" Our danger not only is, that ihcle points 
 will not be decided for us-, but, if the proprietors, tir- 
 ed and inccricd, (hould think proper to mrrender the 
 government and make their own terms with the crawn, 
 IS it not highly probable, that they have intercft enough 
 to maks the change in fuch a manner as will fix upon 
 us forever^ thofe demands which appjcar fo extremely 
 juft to the prefent minifters ? Add to this, the " de- 
 *' plorable misfortune under which w6 now labour, of 
 ** hwlng incurr'd the difpleafure of hi* ^ajelly and his 
 ?* minifters". Thefe reflections induc'd me to think 
 and to fay— that this is not the proper time to attempt 
 a change of our governmejit. .,' elrni-u lo ' 
 
 Mr. Calhwayt by way of prelude to his anfwer to 
 
 thefe obfcrvations, endeavours to (hew that I havecon- 
 
 tradi<Sted myfelf : but this fuppofed contradidion is 
 
 tou.idedon ^ fuppofed conzzKxoWi which I never made— 
 
 . * * of the necejfuy of a change". My approbatm of a change, 
 
 ifwecai) enjoy all the advantages we nowdbj is call'd, 
 
 ** a confefioii thai a change is nece£arf\ But certainly 
 
 \i would have bee' more natural to coriftrue it as it was 
 
 intended* and as .ae fenfe requires — " ihat, if we are 
 
 to Icfe mlhi'ig by the change^ I am as willing to be under 
 
 the immediate government of the crdwn* as of the 
 
 proprietors." 
 
 Afti^ii this unfuccefsful attempt to raifea contradic- 
 tion, Mr. Galloway talces the trouble of attacking the 
 ** inappofite inftance", as he calls it, relating to tlie 
 duke oi Monmouth. This inftanee was mentioned to con- 
 firm a precedingj obfervation j and Mr. Gallewayi in 
 «ttempiing to apTwer it, unluckily for kimfeif^ points out 
 and enforces the very truth for which it was adduced. 
 He fays, " the duke failed i and na wonder; for he 
 
 .1 lahded 
 
r have apprdvM 
 n, are Itill in 
 lac ihcle points 
 ropfietors» tir- 
 ) mrrendtr the 
 nth the crawn, 
 intercft enough 
 5 wiH fix upon 
 ir fo extremely 
 this, the " de- 
 now labour, of 
 tnajeily and his 
 'd me to think 
 imc to attempt 
 
 io his anfwer to 
 Eh»c I have con- 
 ontradidion is 
 [ never made— 
 /iV» of a change, 
 >w dbj is call'd. 
 But certainly 
 Irue it as it was 
 * that, if we are 
 ling to be under 
 dwn* as of the 
 
 aifea contradic- 
 )f attacking the 
 relating to tlie 
 lentioned to con- 
 [r. Gallowayit in 
 nfelf^ points out 
 it was adduced. 
 > wonder; for he 
 ■> ' lahded 
 
 t 5 1 
 
 " landed at a time when the king was fuppbftcd in the 
 " warmeft manner b^ tVparliament, and no one cir- 
 " cumftancetopromifehimluceefs." Thus, I fay,-... 
 ^' our attempt is made at a Avwf when the proprietors 
 are iupported lA the Vvarrrteft manrier by the crown, and 
 its miniltersi afid no one circumftance to prdmife iis 
 fuccefs".- — But, fuppofc the duke had waited till 
 tlic parliament did nd longer liipport the Kin*; but, 
 when they and tlic whole nation, in the utmoft d?cad of 
 
 • p6pety and arbitrary power; v/ere looking round wirh 
 impatient terror tof a delivertrj and when majiy cir- 
 cumftailces pi-omifed that nobleman fucceftj is ic evt- 
 
 .dent thttt he would n6t //{)** Iiavcfucc6eded, or that he 
 would have been takcrt and put to death? Of,, if king 
 irtlliam hid madfihia sit t^mpt,' before the ftStV. vVds 
 properly alarmed, ia it certain that the -revolution 
 ^oUid hr ' ^ eeft accompljlhed with fudh araizitlg fiicili- 
 ty? Raftmefs ruined the oM, Caution clowned the 
 OLhcL'. This is all, I intended td prove. ^"^P - 
 
 Mk. GalioU'efy tl*n proceeds, and fu^ypajes that all 
 the deteriilinationa of the mirtiAr>', weremiftakes occa- 
 fioned by proprietary mifrepref<*ntatiofts. H<* then 
 fuppofis that, thcfe determiiiations were folely owing to 
 the mfluence of two friends of the proprietors, lately 
 deceafcd: And lallly he y«;)pfl/?j that now there wilj be 
 •ft/ff/<»/altcWtiOninminiftei"iidrefoIutions. ' ^4" 
 
 Tm.^^fuppe/ftmis^ I acknov/ledge, al« as good icct!- 
 titles as ftny we have, that the grand points controver- 
 ted bettireen us and the propi-ietors, will, in cafe of 
 a change, be decided in our favour, or that our privi- 
 leges will be preferved. But ftill they fecm to be too 
 languine. Let Us renrtenlbef wltli what unanimity the 
 rhmiftry 4t diifijfent . times have tJxprefle'd theh* refent- 
 mehtof our condua-, and, that it is only ^-^vr/j^aw;^ to 
 . r-nagine,- tiieir leiblutioris w-^ere dilated by two men. 
 
 Of' 
 
 
[ 6 ] 
 
 Of one thing we arc fure that we arc in the. at- 
 
 iizcji difcredit with the king and his minifters. The late 
 rt'foives prove it. Mr. Galloway however flatters himfelf, 
 '* that the prejudices againll us are not fo ineradicably 
 " fixed, but they may be eafily overcome, and the 
 " province rcftored to her former credit." Happy 
 fiiould I be, if I could perceive the lead profpeft of 16 
 great a blefling. By what means thefe prejudices are to 
 ce ovcrcerae, we are not informed ; nor can 1 conceive. 
 Men of great abilities, and of the molt perfect ac- 
 quaintance with our public afiairs, have been em- 
 ployed to remove the force of thefe mifreprefentati- 
 ons, as they are called. Mr. Franklin and Mr. Charles^ 
 our Agents fpent feveral years in combating thefe 
 prejudices; and, even Mr. Gallowny himfelt, as I 
 have been told, elucidated \hzy\jiK\ct oi our caufewith 
 his ufual perfpicuity\ in reams of writing. Yet after all 
 theic great labours, his majefty and his minifters Itill 
 retained their former fentiments. Hence, I fear, 
 that any future efforts for. this purpofe, ** f will be 
 " fa;alhwed up^ and facrijiced (as Mr. Galloway moft 
 '* elegantly exprelfes it) at the jhrine of proprietary in- 
 " ftruSlions^ and the meafures of power'\ In Ihort, 
 that they will be but * " ideal jhadows" and cbime- 
 ** rical notions." 
 
 '■ In confident • expeftation of thefe improbabilities, 
 Mr. Galloway is willing to rifque the /wT/f/«^^/»^ thofe 
 demands, which have been conftantly made by the 
 
 proprietors-r at a time, when we are certain that the 
 
 crown and its minifters look on thefe demands as high- 
 ly juft and reafonablei 
 
 One of his arguments for our riding poft in this af- 
 fair is " that there are many new colonies to be 
 
 " fettled 
 
 f Pretendc<1 Spcccli, page 30. 
 
 * £?.•/. What Idea can be formed of an " ideal JhadoKv ?'* and w l-.at 
 ijiajr be tlie meaiung '• of tke Jhrine (jftke meafures f^'pavjcrf" 
 
^e arc in the. nt- 
 nillers. The late 
 er flatters himfclf, 
 ot fo ineradicably 
 xrcome, and the 
 
 credit." Happy 
 :aft profpeft of 16 
 ; prejudices are to 
 lor can 1 conceive, 
 molt perfect ac- 
 , have been em- 
 e mifreprefentati- 
 i and Mr. Charles^ 
 
 combating thefc 
 ciy himfelf, as I 
 of our caufewith 
 ng. Yet after all 
 
 his minifters ftill 
 
 Hence, I fear, 
 3ofe, " t will be 
 Ir. Calloway moft 
 ? of proprietary in- 
 wer'\ In Ihort, 
 tdows" and chime- 
 
 fe improbabilities, 
 z perpetuaiing thofe 
 ntly made by the 
 are certain that the 
 b demands as high- 
 
 ing poft in this af- 
 \ew colonies to be 
 " fettled 
 
 hat /hadoKv?'* and what 
 
 [ 7 3 
 
 II fettled now, and that it would difc(;ura<re ther. fet- 
 tlements, li our privileges were to be ta'ken away." 
 
 nJ^/'J''"%'^'''"''°,"^'^"-"^^^^ emigrants, they arc 
 not to hy/e fuch pnvdeges as were graiited to «/ or 
 if they have and fl.all hereafter pftinon for a 24 
 that they will be taken from them. . J,,, ;! t * 
 
 ..Pr^Jnt^'' information, I imagine, will be no difcour: 
 agcment..— .--There is not thcfame-freafon to o-rant, 
 nor to wifla for privileges now, that exifted in the 
 perfecutmg days of Charles the fecond. Grants of land 
 
 for X 2ri'"''l? ^r^^^"S ^^<^ ^^^^^^^ of life 
 
 tor the firft outfet- bounties on labour and 
 
 immunities from taxes for fome years with the 
 
 common liberties o-f other iS:»^/i/i& fubjeds will do 
 
 the bufinefs, without the privileges of Pennfyhmia. 
 
 ■ Mr. Galloway, before he quits ♦ « this wife poHcv of 
 fettling the extenfive newly acquired dominions" as h^ 
 exprefles himfelf. takes die opportunity of making an 
 hfioricalflourifb—.hnt unfortunately famiflies "t g-re- 
 fragable denionftrations" that he is utterly unacquaiiit- 
 ed with the fubjea, on which he fpeaks. -* 
 
 _ Mr Franklin read in the Houfe,. a Ihort extract 
 trom Lord Clarendon' sWh, Klmng to Barbados. Mr 
 Gahoway catched it as it fell from the learned member' 
 and now confidendy aflerts— « that the colony of A,/- 
 i>ados\izd, m theopinionof the ableft council, forfeited 
 her charter j>rm%j— And yet upon this policy onlv 
 her privileges were prefer ved." , 
 
 He rcferrs to Lord Clarendon^ life, for this curious 
 anecdote. What then muft a man think of Mr. GaUo- 
 
 way^ 
 
 f Amef!ea}XA% then fo little kfjown, thatlt was thought the fevered 
 K.nd or bMnidiRient to feml people over to the colonies. 
 * Pretended Speech— -page ai, , j fj. p^. ,5 
 
 :hi 
 
18] 
 
 wrjy who looks into the book, and firtds^— -rthat iht 
 colony oi Barbados did not forfeit any right-r^^that fuch 
 
 an opinion was never given and that there is T\ot a 
 
 word relating to her charter privileges. Yet this is the 
 teruth. 
 
 The faft was this. Charles \.\it firft granted the ifland 
 of Barbados by patent to the ^arl of Ctf*"'f(/?<?---he -di- 
 ed his fon leafed it to lord PAlloughhy for twcnty-one 
 
 years -, appointing him governor, and referving a mot 
 iety of the profits to himfelf— -the civil w^r broke 
 
 out ended — Charles the feeond was reftor'd-Tr-there 
 
 being eight or nine years of lord IVtltoughhf% Ipufe to 
 come, he pray'd the'king to give him a commifllon tO 
 be governor for that timcr — But the ifland was now 
 
 mudi chang'd it was t;ompleatly fettled during ilic 
 
 troubles and chief y by officers of the. king's tirmy~'-io 
 
 ihacnow it was of another Wrtfttieration and Vjilue than 
 it had been — -.the king's a^oms yearly amounted to a 
 very large fum — -Tlie planters were greatly alarmed M 
 the thought pf * ♦♦ depencling on the earl of Carlijle and 
 " lord ff^iffottghby for the chioyment of their eftatpSi 
 " which they h^d hitherto .Iwk'd upon as: their own," 
 They applied to the king, f" Paving that they might 
 ^ not be oppreft by thofe two lords. They pleaded, 
 " that they were the king^fubjeasi that they had rc- 
 " paired tluther as to a defitateplacey and had by their 
 " mdviftry obtained a livelihood there, viben they could 
 «« not xvitb a good eonfcience fiay in England, That- if they 
 •« (hould b« now k-ft to thofe lords to rmij'h'ii them- 
 « felves iindi compound for their ^ft&tesi they mufi leav4 
 »* the country \'!ingith.Q plantation would be dejiroyedy 
 «< which yielded his majefty ib good a iteranue;** 
 
 They further :J: ** pofitively infified, that the charter 
 «* cranfiijd lo the earl oiCarliJU was void in paint ofla'j:\ 
 
 • l,(jHCZs»»)i«/fl»'4Llfe;— -vftl. ni. j>». 9JV 
 f Idem. 9J4.. t ^em 937- 
 
ids-.— rthat €nt 
 It— rr-^that fuch 
 t there is not a 
 Yet this> is the 
 
 anted theifland 
 arll/le-'-'-)^t <ii- 
 ' for twcntyrone 
 relerving a moi 
 :ivil WAt broke 
 reftor'd— thei-e 
 oughhf% Icure to 
 a conimifllon to 
 ; illand was now 
 ttled during lltfi 
 ing's army-- — fo 
 1 and value than 
 y amounted to 4 
 ^tly alarmed M 
 arl of C<Jr/(^ and 
 ; of their eftatps* 
 n asthfiir own," 
 r that they might 
 They pleaded, 
 that they hadrc- 
 and had by their 
 E, when th^ could 
 ind. That if they 
 to rmPi^ii them- 
 j they mnji leAV4 
 mid be depoyedy 
 
 I, that the charter 
 
 oidinppir.t ofla-x', 
 
 " aiid 
 
 [ 9 J 
 
 and prayed that his majefty would give them leave to 
 profecute in his name in the exchequer, and at their 
 own charge, to repeal that grant; by which they 
 Ihould be freed from the arbitrary power and opprcjjicn 
 which would be exercifed upon them under the 
 colour of that charter; and his majefty might receive 
 a great benefit to himfelf^ by taking the lovcrcignty 
 
 into his own hands, to which it belonged and in 
 
 that cafe, they offered to make as great an impo/ttiGn 
 of taxe^ as the plantation would bear; tor the iupport 
 of the king's governor, and fuch other ufes, as his 
 majefty ftiould think fit to dired." 
 
 Upon this, the king * " referr'd the ccnfidcration 
 of the validity and legality of the patent, to his council 
 at law; who upon full dehberation, after the hearin* of 
 all parties, returned their opinion, that this patent «;.w 
 void, and that his majefty might take the fame into his own 
 power" not that the " colony had forfeited their 
 privileges.** 
 
 *( 
 it 
 
 charter 
 
 On this report, the determination was formed in the 
 king's council. And what does this cafe prove-- -but 
 that the crown vyould not deprive the proprietors of 
 Barbados of their charter, tho' the people earneftly re- 
 quefted it-. -tho' /i/a/ people were faithhil fubjeds, who 
 had dirtin^uilhed their loyalty by fuffering in the royal 
 
 caufe tho' a very great, bantfit would accrue to the 
 
 crown- — tho' a large falary was to be fettled on the 
 
 king's governor and laftly, tho* the patent was ab- 
 
 folutely illegal and void. 
 
 If \tifuch a cafe, the needy and unprincipled Charles 
 would not fei?e upon the interefts of the proprietors of 
 Barbados, can it be conceived that his preifcnt majefty 
 will fnatch from the propietors iif Pennjyhania without 
 
 ♦ toti Clarn,ioM'» Life. Ill vol. pa. 9 jl. 
 
[ lO ] 
 
 their cortfent, the charter that was granted in confidera- 
 tion of the fervices performed by their brave and loyal 
 anceftor. ' '" "'■ 
 
 I THINK every man in the province except Mr. Gallo- 
 way, will immediately difcover whether the cafe he has 
 quoted, will ftrengthen his reafonmg or mmc. 
 
 Another of Mr. G«/W^/^ arguments is--- 
 «' that the proprietary eftate is daily increafing, and 
 « thus their influence will increafe-, and therefore they 
 « will be more likely in future, to oppofe with fuccefs 
 «* any meafures that may be taken againft their op- 
 " preflion." 
 
 « To finilh this argument, he clofes it with an imagina" 
 ryir^/r^^<f?/<'« of mine, in my faying, " This isnot the 
 proper time for a change," and afterwards declaring, 
 ** that we are not to eipeft more ftrccefs, becaufe the 
 « proprietaries will have more dignity, more power v 
 «' and, as they wiU think, more law on their fide. 
 
 Mr Calloway certainly takes delight in miftakes, 
 or he ^;^ould never have committed fo grofs a« error as 
 he has done here. Ifaid'-itcouldnotbeexpeaed, that 
 our fuccefs would be greater when our « opponents 
 " become more «««frflw, and wiU have more dignity, 
 ** more power, and, as they will think, more law on 
 «* their fide." This was intended to prtve, that we 
 thisht find it more difficult after a change, to contend 
 for the prefervation of our privileges, wrth the crown 
 and the clergy, (the opponents here meant) than with 
 the proprietors. But Mr. GalUmay, m± great ad- 
 drefsf by changing the word opponent sjor propnetartes, 
 creates a contradiftion for his o^ti dtverfion, and th6 
 deceptidn ofhisireaders. 
 
 HOWRVER— — -- 
 
 1 
 
[ " ] 
 
 td in confidera- 
 irave and loyal 
 
 tcept Mr. Gallo- 
 the cafe he has 
 mine. 
 
 ments is 
 
 increafing, and 
 1 therefore they 
 jfe with fuccefs 
 rainft their op- 
 
 vith an imagitfa- 
 This is not the 
 rards declaring, 
 :efs, becaiifc the 
 ^ more power*, 
 i their fide." 
 
 ht in miftakes, 
 rrofs an error as 
 eexpefted, that 
 ur ** opponents 
 e more dignity, 
 k, more law on 
 prtnre, that we 
 ige, to contend 
 with the crown 
 eant) than with 
 with great ad- 
 for prdpfietaries, 
 verjcn, and th6 
 
 rloWRVER— — -- 
 
 I However let it be fuppofcd, " that the pro- 
 
 I prietary eftate and influence will greatly increafe, and 
 I that they become the richeft fubje£ts in Engbnd." 
 I I moft fincerely wilh they may, fince the * increafe of 
 I their wealth muft arife from the increafe of the wealth 
 and prosperity of PennfyhaKta. Thele, I prefume, arc 
 not things to be dreaded. Our power and influence 
 
 muft increafe with their power and influence and 
 
 therefore, it feems, we Ihall always be as able to cope 
 
 with them, as we are now efpecially if it be confi- 
 
 dered, that a family is more liable to accidents, than a 
 people. 
 
 But granting that the riches of the proprietary family 
 Ih'all increafe in a greater proportion than the riches of 
 this province can it be imagin'd, that they will ob- 
 tain any undue influence ovtx the crown and it's mini- 
 fters ? can it be believed, that the king and parliament 
 will fufFer two or three fubjeds to tyrannifc over a de- 
 pendant colony, in whofe welfare Great-Britain is fo 
 much interefl:cd ? To reduce us to the moft abjeft ftate 
 offlavery? ^ 
 
 The fuppofition is too monftrous to be admitted 
 
 and I ihould be furprized to hear fuch language from 
 any perfon, but one who thinks and writes in Mr. Cal- 
 lowafs fliambling way. He ||. Ihudders at my faying 
 
 B 2 «* the 
 
 ^ Pretended Speech pa. 14. 15. 17. 
 
 Mr. GaUmvaji endeavours to (hew, that thecondud of the proprie- 
 tors has not been conllantly approved by the cro^vn and miniftry, be- 
 caufe five of the thirteen aAsoppofed by the proprietors, were confirin- 
 ed. 
 
 But this oppofition, even by Mr. Gallowttfs acknowledgment, did 
 not proceed from any private intereii of the proprietors that was affei!led 
 by thel* ;. They were oppofed, lays he, \ " m inconfiftent with 
 
 theroyai pr-jrogative" And liirely fuch an pppofition could not be 
 
 mach diiapproved of by the crown, as the miniftry have dcclaied 
 I" that his majeily'sroyalpierogatives werenot to betrufted to the 
 feeble hands of private individuals j who were ever ready toiacrilice 
 theroto thc-ir private emolument.". 
 
 t id. pa. 7. I id. pa. 25. || Pretended Speech pa. 7 i. 
 
 i 
 
[ 1-2 ] 
 
 ^i 
 
 *' the parliament may perhaps be induced to place us 
 
 ** in t\\^ fame ftnte with the royal governments" 
 
 and yet he fuppofcs, they will tamely tolerate our 
 being made/«wj. - - •, 
 
 • If our proprietors are to become fuch great and 
 
 dreadful men if their influence is to grow fuperior 
 
 t3 juifcice and reafon I cannot conceive how the 
 
 king's appointmsnt of governors can fecure us from 
 them, any more than his approbation. 
 
 If that influence fliall ever be fo exorbitant as it has 
 been defcribcd, will it not prevail in the nomination of 
 governors? Or in determining their conduft? Can 
 even Mr. Galloway think that the king's appointment 
 will proted us againft this influence? If he does, I will 
 
 anfwcr him in his own words and if they do not 
 
 convince bim^ fiirely he will not be lb unreafonable as 
 f o expcdl, that they Ihould convince any one elfe. 
 
 • «' f Let us butconlider that the experience of ages 
 " fully demonfl.rates wealth to be the parent of power, 
 *' and the nurfe of influence, and that an increale of 
 *' wealth will as naturally beget an increafe of power 
 ♦* and influence, as an increafe of velocity in the falling 
 ** Jlone will produce more certain death." 
 
 *' Let us but take a view of the proprietary eftate, 
 what it was fifty, what twenty years ago, and what 
 it is now, and we mufl: be convinced that nothing 
 can prevent their being the richeft fubjefts in the 
 Englifli nation : and therefore fubjefts of the great- 
 efi influence and power., and more likely in future 
 to oppofe with fuccefs any meafurcs that may be ta- 
 ken againft their oppreflTion. Are we to expeft the 
 fame caufe will not produce the fame cffeft, and that 
 
 wealth 
 
 t( 
 
 (C 
 
 (( 
 
 tc 
 (t 
 
 <( 
 
 I Pretended Speech, page iq. 
 
:ed to place us 
 
 ernments" 
 
 y tolerate our 
 
 "uch great and 
 • grow fuperior 
 iccive how the 
 fecure us from 
 
 bitant as it has 
 nomination of 
 conduft ? Can 
 ig's appointment 
 he does, I will 
 if they do not 
 jnreafonable as 
 one elfe. 
 
 perience of ages 
 larent of power, 
 : an increale of 
 :reafe of power 
 ity in the falling 
 
 oprictary eftate, 
 ago, and what 
 ;ed that nothing 
 : fubjefts in the 
 ils of the great- 
 likely in future 
 that may be ta- 
 e to expe<5t the 
 cffeft, and that 
 " wealth 
 
 [ 13 ] 
 
 ♦• wealth by fome magic charm in future, will, In- 
 " ftead of producing power and influence, bring forth 
 " its contraries ? As vain and chimerical as the expec- 
 '* tation of a future Meffiah to the deluded Jews." 
 
 If there is any force in thefe arguments of Mr. Gal- 
 loway if property, from natural caufes produces 
 
 power, and can not fail of having this effea: how 
 
 vain and ridiculous is it to requeft the crown to 
 
 * '''■ feparate poiver from property ? " Yet this forlboth ! 
 \^ all Mr. Galloway^ ortheaflembly according to his 
 explanation, defires of his majefty. 
 
 . Cbrtainly the meaning cannot be, that the king 
 ihould take away their eftates from the proprietors — - 
 this would be too glaringly unjuft. What then 
 can Mr. Galloway mean, when he defires " that the 
 king may feparate power and property," whkh he de- 
 clares and, with prodigious labour, drives to 
 
 prove-- — " infeparable?*' If he means any .hing^ 
 
 I imagine, I have difcovered his meaning and, 
 
 tho* Mr. Galloway has, in his perfarmance, faid many 
 
 things that have furprized me yet this is fo fuperla- 
 
 tively extraordinary, that I would not admit the fol- 
 lowing conftrudlion, unlefs his intention was too evi- 
 dent to allow of any doubt. I did not think him capa- 
 ble of fuch defigns. I entertained a better opinion of 
 
 his loyalty. In lliort, he plainly means as he has 
 
 declared it cannot be done any other way that his 
 
 Majcfly fhall turn Magician-— and contrive + " fome 
 " MAGIC Charm, whereby wealth inftead of producing 
 " power and influence ftiall bring forth //j cofttraries"— 
 their contraries I fuppofe it fhould be. 
 
 This dread of future injuries being removed- or at 
 leaft the vanity of attempting their removal, on 
 
 ♦ Pretended Speech page 8.— -et alibi. 
 
 t Pieteaded Speech pa. 11. r *:<•"; . " 
 
, 
 
 -i return 
 
 [ 14 ] 
 
 Kr. Galloway's cwn principles ht\t\% proved- 
 to the prefent fuuation of affairs. 
 
 It is univerfally believed, that the prefent miniftry 
 are defirous of veiling the government of this province 
 •dvantageoufly in the crown. Mr. Franklin has fre- 
 quently faid it. If this be the cafe, how fair an oppor- 
 tunity is prefented to the proprietors of gratifying their 
 refentment, if they entertain any againft the province, 
 and fecuring their intereft at the fame time, by entering 
 into a contraa with the crown, a^dBxing, by an aft of 
 parliament, thofe points, in which the miniftry have 
 conftar.tly fupported them upon all fucceeding agesi 
 
 Many words are unneceflary in fo clear 9 cafe as 
 this is. Mr. Galloway allows, the proprietors have 
 feme fenfe, and that they underftand their own mter- 
 eft. The fentiments of the miniftry have been decla- 
 red in their favor. From thence I think it may be 
 -taken for granted, that the proprietors either will not 
 
 confent to a change or that their confcnt will be 
 
 founded on a perfeft fecurity given them for their de- 
 mands, which appear fo juft to the king and minif- 
 try What may facilitate this meafure is, thepropofal 
 
 of the affembly * " that zfull equivalent be made to 
 
 *' the proprietors" upon their parting with the go- 
 vernment. How far thefe words may be conftrued to 
 extend, will appear from this confideration. With 
 the approbation of the crown the proprietors now infift 
 on certain points which, in their opinion, tend to pro- 
 mote thekinterefts. This, the authority vefted in them 
 at prefent, enables them to do. If they are divefted of 
 this authority, without any ftipulations for fecunng 
 their intercfts hereafter, as weU as they arc 9X.this tme, 
 it will be faid that z full equivalent \s not made for the 
 power they refign. This fecurity wUl therefore without 
 
 • Pretended Speech pa. 5. . ^ , ^^ 
 
d 1 return 
 
 fent miniftry 
 this province 
 nklin has fre- 
 fair an oppor- 
 atifying their 
 the province, 
 :, by entering 
 ;, by an aft of 
 miniftry have 
 rceeding ages ? 
 
 • 
 
 leaf 9 cafe as 
 )prietors have 
 iir own inter- 
 re been decla- 
 ink it may be 
 either will not 
 )nfent will be 
 n for their de- 
 ng and jninif- 
 j, the propofal 
 «/ be made to 
 with the go- 
 )e conftrued to 
 ration. With 
 tors now infift 
 I, tend to pro- 
 • vefted in them 
 are diverted of 
 IS for fecuring 
 are at this time^ 
 t made for the 
 lerefore without 
 doubt 
 
 [ 15 ] 
 
 doubt, be required and that rcquifition may not ap- 
 pear fo unreafonable in Great-Britain as it does here. 
 
 This full equivalent comprehends fomething more 
 than the fettlement of thefe points. The government 
 of itfelf is very valuable — and furely we Ihall not defirtf 
 the king to pay the equivalent out of his own pocket. 
 If the change therefore is made» I don't queftion but it 
 
 will be thought highly reafonable that zve JImuIA 
 
 pay for the huffing^ which wefo earnejlly requejl. 
 
 The fituatioB of our affairs being fuch as has been 
 defcribed, I could not perceive any neceffity •» impel- 
 ling" us to feize this unhappy period, to plunge thia 
 province into convulfions, that might while Sie wai 
 thus difordered, be attended with the worft confe- 
 quences. A gentler remedy appeared to me a propere* 
 remedy. 
 
 But here Mr. Galloway exclaims—-" Shall we pa- 
 ** tiently wait until! proprietary influence (hall be at 
 " an end? Shall wefubmit to proprietary demands?" 
 By no means! What I defire, is, vigoroufly to oppofc 
 thofe demands; and to try the fofcc 6f that influericc, 
 
 WITHOUT RfS(^ISO TOCl MUGH IN THE CONTEST. 
 
 I THEREFORE made a propofal to the Houfe, of a ve- 
 ry moderate nature, which I had the pleafure of finding 
 highly approved by a * gentleman, whofe acknowledg- 
 ed integrity, patriotifm, abilities, and experience will 
 always give weight to his fentiments with every impar- 
 tial perlon. The propofal was——** that we fnould 
 defire his majefty's judgrtient* on tht point that occi- 
 fiofted the late unhappy difference between the two 
 branches of the legiflature." By taking this (tep, wft 
 Ihould have diftovefed the fenfe of the miniftry on ouf 
 
 late 
 
 • The fate (peak*!'. 
 
I 
 
 i. 
 
 [ »6 ] 
 
 late difputes on other important points which have 
 
 been controverted with our governors and refpeft- 
 
 ing our privileges. 
 
 , Thus we flu)uld liave known what fuccefs would at- 
 tei,d us in any future attempt to efFed a change— ---and 
 what method would be mod agreeable to his majcfty. 
 But in the prefcnt mode of proceeding, we have afted 
 with great zeal, I grant— —but we are quite ignorant 
 what the event will be, and whether the cenfures bellow- 
 ed on the proprietors, may not be thought in Great-Bri- 
 tain to be aimed through ihem, at the king. Injhort, 
 we embark in an enterprize of the higheft importance j 
 and then look about us to fee how it may be carried on. 
 Inftcad of wandring through a ftorm in the dark, with fo 
 
 facred a charge in our cuftody 1 thought it would 
 
 have been better to have waited, 'till the tempeft was 
 a little abated— or, at leaft, to have procured fome light 
 to guide us through the furrounding dangers. 
 
 I SHALL now confider the manner in which the pre- 
 ient attempt to change our government is made, 
 
 Mr. GalltHvay makes this general objedion with great 
 warmth to my arguments, " that they are conjeftural 
 and fuppofitious." 
 
 '^ His refentment was to be expedled. How abfurd 
 muft the language of ^.#^<r»ff appear to one, who never 
 
 doubted the force of his own fagacity? To one who, 
 
 caftigated, but not convinced, by a difcovery of his 
 repeated errors^ ftill dares to decide pofitively in things 
 
 he does not underftand and drives boldly through 
 
 public affairs, like a magnanimous bug, f through the 
 blaze that has fo often fcorcht its wings-— how con- 
 temptible in his ey<;s, muft be the man, who modeftly 
 ^ ■ •"" '- ' •":'-• '"4 piurlues 
 
 + ♦ Yet let rae flap this bug wi:h mealy wags."' Ton, 
 
 T 
 
 P 
 ll 
 t] 
 
 s 
 
s which have 
 --and refptdt- 
 
 ;cefs would at- 
 langc -and 
 
 his majcfty. 
 we have afted 
 uite ignorant 
 nfures beftow- 
 t in Great-Bri- 
 ng. In (hort, 
 
 1 imporfancci 
 3e carried on. 
 ; dark, with fo 
 aght it would 
 
 temjpeft was 
 ared lome light 
 gers. 
 
 /hich the pre- 
 5 made* '* 
 
 lion with great 
 are conjectural 
 
 How abfurd 
 )ne, who never 
 ? To one who, 
 lifcovery of his 
 ively in things 
 boldly through 
 f through the 
 
 rs how con- 
 
 who modeftly 
 ' ' purfues " 
 
 POPB, 
 
 [ '7 ] 
 
 purfues a train of enquiry, on the unformed events of 
 luturKy--.-and in his refearchc-s after truth, admits 
 a poiubility of her cfcapmg him ? 
 
 Mr. 'Gailov^ny, with a fpirit of divination, unaffjled 
 
 by the common modes of reafonbig penetrates into the 
 
 region of contingencies- — and fixes with inxMihle confi- 
 dence^ the uncertainties of the times to come. Far dif- 
 ferent was th- method, which tlie humble fubjcft of hi-a 
 wrath and reproaches found it proper to puifue. Filled 
 with anxious fears for the welfare of his country he- 
 fit ating and apprehenftve, it was his endeavour to form 
 
 a t judgment of things that may hereafter happen, from 
 an attentive confideration of prefent circtimjlances and pafi 
 
 tranfacltons the only methods to be pradtifed by thofe 
 
 whofe difquifitions arc not aided by fuch '* * aftivc 
 blood" as Mr. Gallo^j^afs; to whom hefitation appears 
 ridiculous, and apprehenfion abfurd ! And no won- 
 ^^'"""rn"'"*^^"^ miftakeis committed, all the injury 
 
 that follows, is only the trifling lofs of the Privi- 
 
 LEGES OF Pennsylvania. 
 
 But though Mr. Galloway pierces through futurity 
 with fuch fupenor intuition, yet he is fubjed to a mere 
 mortal frailty in confidering prefent things. Hence he 
 confounds thofe arguments I ufed with refneft toth^' 
 manner of attempting a change of our government, with 
 the arguments I offered concerning the time, and does 
 not feem fenfible of his millake. 
 
 By way of explanation and introdudion to what I falj 
 on the manner of this attempt, it was premifed- that 
 
 ♦ T • /. . . fomft 
 
 I It is fomwhat remarkable, that Mr. Gallo'way fhould with an^er 
 make an ob,eaion to my arguments, that muft in the onjnion of evfrv 
 perfon but himfelf, operate with equal force againlt his own. Are not 
 Ins arguments " comeaural and luppo(itio«r?" Vi^hat proof iVTftn? 
 tiiat^any thmg w.lll>e determined, according to his prJumptionsS 
 
 • Pretended f^eech, pa. 44, 
 
 mm 
 
 •T' •--1 
 
n 
 
 [ i8 ] 
 
 foine event, arifing from the circumftances of the pro- 
 prietary family, or an ad of the crown, might hertaiier 
 prefent us with a more happy mdhod of vinuicatmg our 
 rights and privileges than the prefent. Upon this Mr, 
 Ci'dUvay very gravely runs into a calculation of the lives 
 of the ' proprietors and their families-— and proves to 
 his oiv.i fi>tisfa5fion, that their delcmdents f " '^'^''^ ^.^0'' 
 and ezvry of them" will always be wicked and cunning. 
 One virtue however he muft allow them, to take ott the 
 force of my obfervation— -and that is a meft uncom- 
 mon hcin^tony amon^ ihemfelvrs. Yet, after Ipending tour 
 rapes on tills curious digreflion, Mr. Galloway himlelt 
 
 muil grant that fome aa of the crown, or a mulii- 
 
 ti'de of proprietois (as it liap|)ened in Carolina) or a dif- 
 jhiticn between them tho' few, will be fuch a circum- 
 ftancc, as will produce the conjundture I mentioned. 
 But I will waive thefe probabilities. 1 will ' dulge Mr. 
 G'llloivav fo far as to fuppofe, they are to(. icertain or 
 remote "to be expe6ted or regarded. Wl. .. will this 
 concefnon prove ? That none of thofe occurrences will 
 afford a favourable mode of making the attempt. But 
 does it prove the prefent mode to be a good one? or 
 that any neceffity is fo urgent as to force us, to make 
 ufeof it, tho' a bad one. By no means 1 If I Ihouldlee 
 a man about to pafs a broad, deep X river, over which 
 I had reafon to think he could not fwim, would it be an 
 unwife or an unkind ad in me, to advife him to walk 
 along the bank, and endeavour to find a bridge, or a 
 
 narrower or Ihallower place tho' 1 had no certainty 
 
 that there was fuch a bridge or fuch a place? Or would 
 
 this be acknowledging that he was under a necejflty of 
 
 ■ pafling the river ? My advice would at leaft have a chance 
 
 of fa zing him, and could do him no harm for, after 
 
 being difappointed in his fearch, he might return to the 
 
 t Pretended Xpeech, pa. 15, Hnc 18. " They and ^Y'^^Jj^'^r^ 
 ' a ftrong and beautiful expicinon frequently oscurring in Jaabt law 
 aaionary, and in any book ot precedents. 
 I Pretended fpeech, pa. 1+. 
 
ces of the pro- 
 niglu hercaiier 
 indicating our 
 Ijpon this Mr, 
 Lion of the lives 
 ■-and proves to 
 s -f- " e'ven they^ 
 d and cunning. 
 
 to take off the 
 ...-a moft uncom- 
 r Ipending four 
 ".alloway himfclf 
 )wn, or a multi- 
 irolina) or a dif- 
 
 fuch a circum- 
 e 1 mentioned, 
 will" iulgcMr. 
 to(. icertain or 
 Wl... will this 
 occurrences will 
 e attempt. But 
 a good one? or 
 rce us, to make 
 ,! If I Ihouldfee 
 iver, over which 
 1, would it be an 
 /ife him to walk 
 d a bridge, or a 
 had no certainty 
 place? Or would 
 nder a necefftty of 
 leaft have a chance 
 
 rm for, after 
 
 ight return to the 
 fpot 
 
 ;y and every of them" 
 curring in Jaab's law 
 
 [ '9 ] 
 
 fpot where I found him and ivcuhi le at liberty to 
 
 drown bimfelf at lajl. 
 
 Mr. Gatlowfly mixes all points foconfulcdly together, 
 that he not only leads himfclf into a variety of errors, 
 but renders it very difficult for another, in anfwcring, 
 to reduce into any order what he has fo loolely fcattered 
 about. This I fhall however endeavour to do. 
 
 Had he attended to the objedtions againft the manner 
 of the prefent attempt, he might have perceived that 
 
 they were tljree. The firft was that the circum- 
 
 ftances attending this proceeding, might caufe others 
 to attribute it to fuch paflions, as are always difgrace- 
 fnl to public councils, and deftruftive to the honor and 
 welfare of a people. It certainly will be admitted, that 
 all reproaches of this kind ought to be carefully guarded 
 againft — efpecially by a dependent cokny, whofe condudt 
 has been frequently and feverely reprehended. 
 
 Mr. Galloway however ufurps in his private room, 
 among hi - chairs and tables, the abfurd licence of railing 
 at me on this occafion, for fpeaking my fentiments with 
 freedom— ^--tho' I fpoke in a public council--— as the 
 
 rcprefentative of a free people en a fubjeft in which 
 
 their reputation and happinefs were intimately concern- 
 ed. Any man who thinks, will inftantly perceive 
 
 that it was my duty to mention every thing, that I ap- 
 prehended would tend to fecure thefe bleffings. When 
 the affembly was deliberating on a ftep that feemed to 
 me likely to bring difcrciiit and bis upon us, would it 
 have become me to have fupprefl'ed my opinion ? No ! 
 But it would have pleated Mr. Galloway Uiikiomt 9- 
 
 thers 
 
 Great reward for h^fving been a villain! 
 I SAID- — " Our meffages to the governor, and our 
 ' « refolves would difcover the tru^. caufe of 'he prefcnr, 
 ,^s: - C 2 *' attempt" 
 
 ' i 
 
[ 20 ] 
 
 « attempc" — Mr. Gelicway grants it ; and appeals to, 
 thoie reioh^es for my contulion. How is this charge 
 
 fupportcd? Why, the refolves mention "public 
 
 houfes cominiinons to judges during plcafurc 
 
 and thv- great danger of a military force in a proprietary 
 
 government" as grievances. In like manner they 
 
 mention the pomt lately controverted. Very well! The 
 contents of the refolves are now proved.-— 'Qm there ftill 
 
 remains one point flipped over in filence M^hy were 
 
 thefe refolves jic-^ mad'c ? The increafe of public houfes 
 
 had frequently been complained ofbetore. Commif- 
 
 fions during good behaviour have always been wilhed 
 
 for. The eJbblilhment of a military force has been 
 
 of- i attempted in the midftof war, when itwas vaftly 
 
 more neceffiry than at this time. But never 'till now 
 
 has there been an attempt to change the government 
 More obfervations I think unneceliry. Impartial perl 
 
 ions wl.o read the meflages and refolves and confi- 
 
 dtvfome ether circu.njlances generally known— -.-will be 
 able to difcovcr the true cause of the prefent at- 
 ^empf and to judge, whether it may be juftly attri- 
 buted to paffion of any kind. If his maicfly and his mi- 
 nifters, whofe prefent opinion of us is allowed to be 
 extremely unfavorable, flioiild be induced by our late 
 
 behaviour, to think us a rafh, turbulent people it 
 
 will be a misfortune to be deplored by all lovers of their 
 country. 
 
 The fccond objedion againft the manner a? proceed- 
 ing, was the inconjtjiency in which we fliould be involv- 
 ed. This inronfiftency is twofold. In the firft place, 
 our diflention with the governor, and this extraordinary 
 attempt in confequence of it, may be thought by the 
 king and the miniftty to have arifen on a mauer already 
 determmed by the crown. Hence our mwillingnefs to 
 comply with the royal pleafure, fignifyed to us on this 
 head, may be called a very improper foundation of a rc- 
 
1 
 
 i and appeals to, 
 w is this charge 
 
 don ** public 
 
 ring pleafure 
 
 :e in a proprietary 
 
 like manner they 
 
 Very well! The 
 
 -—But there dill 
 
 ice M'^ky were 
 
 e of public houfes 
 
 :ore. Commif- 
 
 vays been wifhed 
 ry force has been 
 when it was vaftly 
 Jut never 'till now 
 the government. 
 r. Impartial per- 
 
 es and confi- 
 
 nown — ^-will be 
 >f the prefent at- 
 lay be juftly attri- 
 ajefly and his mi- 
 is allowed to be 
 luced by our late 
 
 ent people it 
 
 >^ all lovers of their 
 
 anneroi proceed- 
 Ihould be involv- 
 Inthefirft plac^, 
 this extraordinary 
 e thought by the 
 n a matter already 
 uf untjiUingnefs to 
 jrcd to us on this 
 ''oundaiion oi a rc- 
 queft 
 
 C 21 3 
 
 queft « to be mc .e immediately fubieded to the royal 
 L? /"''l ?"', ;'^i^°bieai^n is'eafily obviatedTy 
 fuppo/wg that the king an.! miniftry will exadly a-ree 
 
 Son f ?"'^^^" r^^r 8 ^'^'^^ ontroverteT ftfp"! 
 lation. I fincercly hope they may; as our conftruc 
 
 non ap;>ears to me extremely reafonable and equitable 
 But, or this agreement in fe'ntiments I defired^toKay^ 
 fome proof before we proceeded any further. We have 
 requently been difappointed in our warmeft expeS 
 tions. In public as well as in private life, he that ne 
 ver doubts, will often be wrong. 
 
 In the lecond place- there appeared to me .n 1«- 
 
 thfS " ^!^r^-g?,^h-g^o'fgovernm nt from 
 the kmg— — -and yetmfiftmgon the prefervation of 
 privileges derogatory of the royal rights ^^"'''' *^ 
 
 to the other.-— -Either to contmue as we are or 
 
 to change, tho' we lofe our privileges. If his maieftv 
 will not accept of the government i? the fameCiJ 
 
 our"c\oic\n'rdo'nf -'^ ^'^ ^T"^^^"' ^'^^ ^"" be 
 thn' h. ' \ °" r '"''^-i"^' '^'^ ^^^" Mr. Gallows, 
 
 a change if all" my fears flwu Id prove realities" will 
 dare to propo^ a dired renunciation of our right 
 rrifiing as Z.. feems to think them--willing as f s 
 to expofe them to hazard on guelTes and furmifes--- 
 they arc yet held in too much veneration by the ffood 
 people of Pennfylvan^a-.^..for him to deZehh^^^ 
 /.«.// of them. If then his majefly fnall be fo « JI" 
 fomile" as to infift upon exercifing his authority f„ 
 cafe of a change, as ttilly in this province as Tn^'.nC 
 other under hi. immediate govern men t-.^-and we 7 
 fift that he Ihall not ; the b^^rgain breaks off.H.JZ 
 the worft confcquence is (according to Mr. GaJhzv^) 
 
 . « that 
 
 Pret^iio'eJ Speech pa. sj. >. ' ' 
 
*; 
 
 . [ 12 1 
 
 means, b^ *f»g!-«f%".'"?.' .,hefe arc the plcaf- 
 wl -h " that Ear" will be addreficd. 
 
 " them § our P"^"/^"!' • -^..^ inftruft ons. and 
 
 « the meafures of power------S^ they ^re^" ^._ 
 
 " or ./ the ^^^^^^f^ T^ 
 
 t id. pa. 19- at the bottcrn.- i «» .^ P^^ ^^^^p^on of th« peo- 
 
 We to Mr. Gallonva/f argumen .----- r ^^^^^ ,,^ „ft 3^, 
 
 ole in this province, is «"f ."^'^S^V J'ltibS in the reft of his dom.iu- 
 S: re mor^e corn.pt than '"^"^J^^^ ^? fnclVr^vhich the people are as 
 S^^S" r^Kl^^r^BC can be of no (ervKe 
 
 J Pretended ip«ch Pa- 4^ ^'^ (tittom. % H- P»- 5^' ^^'^^ ^• 
 « ,d pa. ♦';/ Ha Tp. line,., and pa. .«• l'"* 5- 
 € >d. 10. pa. »:* . . paflira. 
 
 ft id. pa. 19- a"***?' ** '^ 
 
[ 23 ] 
 
 c us remain; 
 
 confequcnce 
 
 i!gi:in be re- 
 
 — Ihc affem- 
 
 coloured pic- 
 
 me fuppofe 
 
 : cauic an 
 
 would, by no 
 
 If thercyd ear 
 
 arc the plcaf- 
 
 ing ttrains, in 
 
 s of tlie people 
 i and ccrrupt of 
 xp-.ring under 
 lur.bition and 
 niuming before 
 id up and fiitri- 
 ftruftions, and 
 ; now but ideal 
 •* indeed cur li- 
 ►on be reduced 
 ment of Paris-, 
 
 : abl"^*^^^ ^^' 
 n and airbitrary 
 /loknce in the 
 
 rHER PARTS of 
 
 ndua and beba- 
 " victir 
 
 ended fpeech pa. n- 
 ion Js ftritUy agieca- 
 orniption of the peo- 
 , change, he n\uft lay, 
 the reit of his domnu- 
 fhich the people are as 
 eofnofervicetous. 
 
 a. pa. 50. 
 t. line 5. 
 ;>afrkm. 
 
 liiie 6. 
 
 (( 
 
 viour II IS not anhn:%ted and d:rec}:d^ as they ought 
 to be. The effeci tlicreof has nearly deftro^'ed the 
 powers of life and living motion, and nature is no 
 longer capable of ftruggling for relief. We therefore 
 pray your majetly, that you and the * virtuous minif- 
 ter on whom you much rely, will make f weapons 
 out of the old contract between the crown and our firfl 
 
 proprietor out of the opinion of fome very great 
 
 men, your fervants and out of the quit rents in the 
 
 lower counties, to be ufed for the reitoration of our 
 liberties — under ^ wbicb circumjlances^ it will be the 
 higheft /»r(?///w//;'(?« to oppofc the rcfumption o/the no- 
 mi)iation of the governor of this province, which is all 
 
 the change, we intend you fhall make. Proprietary 
 
 inftruftions, with which your muiejly is well acquaint edy 
 and private intcreft have impofed || thraldom and bon- 
 dage upon' us. ** § The ftream of juftice is not only 
 become turbid but thick^ fo that it can no longer dij- 
 cbarge its duty. Security of life and eftate is become 
 an empty name, and ihe fpirit of liberty, diftreft, 
 and worn out by ineffectual efforts for her preferva- 
 tion, is verging fall to a diffolution. Nothing, but 
 a medicine adininiflred to thisfpirit by your royal 
 hands, can poflibly revive or reftore her. This 
 medicine wc now attempt to obtain, before the 
 *' MIDNIGHT GLOOM approachcs, and fatal death 
 *' puts an end to our ftruggles." When his majcfty 
 Ihall be fo happy as to hear this eloquent addrefs, how 
 much muft his pity be excited ! If he underftands it ; 
 and Ihall be pleafed to exprefs his willingnefs to take U3 
 under his . immediate care and protedion, in the fame 
 
 manner with the relt of his fubjefts how muft he be 
 
 furprized at our refufmg, or even hefitating to accept 
 
 that 
 
 II Pretended fpeech pa. 4}. line ix from the bottom^— — id. pa. 
 1$. laft line. * id. pa. 8. 
 
 t id. pd. 4}. throughout and two lines of pa. 44. 
 
 i id. pa. 4). 3d line from the bortom. "^ 
 
 y id. pa, 44. lia« 4. § id. ib. p.iirun. 1 
 
 *« 
 
 (( 
 
I 
 
 
 [ 24 ] 
 
 that which we have fo warmly requefled iinlefs, 
 
 particular points are granted to us? How mull he be 
 ajlcnijhedy to find that we are more afraid of being 
 placed upon a footing with other Englijhmen under his 
 dominion, than of the f midnight gloom and fatal 
 DEATH which are haftening to overtake us? With 
 what juftice may his gracious majefty tell us, '* that 
 we have endeavoured to impole oh him, by rcprefent- 
 ing ourfelves as an opprefled, milerable people, (land- 
 ing on the brink of deflrudion v when, upon his hear- 
 ing our cries for affiftance and fafety mercifully 
 
 ftretching out his hand to relieve us, and offering us to 
 partake of the fame happimfs enjoyed by the reft of his 
 fubjefts, we rejeft his implored proteBion and there- 
 by prove the falftiood and abfurdity of our pretences ?" 
 
 Thus, by requejling a change, we lay ourfelves under 
 the inevitable necefllty, either of quietly giving up 
 our rights and privileges, in order to maintam a confij- 
 tency in ourcondudlv or, of incurring the fevere cen- 
 
 fure above mentioned unlefs the king will be fo 
 
 good natur^d, in confideration of the infinite pains we 
 
 have takitn to recommend ourfelves to his favor- as 
 
 to be contented with the fame /bare of power in this pro- 
 vince i which his two fubjeds 'Thomas and Richard Penn 
 now have. * 
 
 My third objeAion againft the manner of the prefent 
 
 attempt to alter our government was " that it 
 
 " might be deemed in Great Britain a furrendcr of our 
 
 «' charter or at leaft a fufficient foundation for the 
 
 " parliament's proceeding to form a new conftitution 
 
 " for us." 
 
 .... No 
 
 fl Qviwre What Mr. GM>vmj means by " midnight gfloom ?" 
 
 Ai)d what is a " death not fatal ?" As he makes a dilliiiftioB be- 
 tween " fatal death"' and fonieothei' ".death.""?— .. ; „ 
 
r 25 1 
 
 -d iinlefs, 
 
 muft he be 
 lid of being 
 ten under his 
 
 A and FATAL 
 
 :e us? With 
 U us, '* that 
 by rcprefent- 
 )eople, ftand- 
 pon his hear- 
 — mercifully 
 offering us to 
 he reft of his 
 — and there- 
 ir pretences ?'* 
 
 rfelves under 
 ly eiving up 
 intain a con/tj- 
 e fevere cen- 
 ig will be fo 
 •mte pains we 
 
 s favor as 
 
 er in this pro- 
 J Richard Penn 
 
 of the prefent 
 
 « that it 
 
 rrendcr of our 
 dation for the 
 «7 conftitution 
 
 No 
 
 midnight ^loom?" 
 •s a dtilin^ioB be« 
 
 r 
 
 I No perfon C3.n furrender what he has not. This 
 
 I term, therefore, when applied to the people of Penn- 
 fyhania^ means a giving up of the peculiar rights deriv- 
 ed to them., under their charter. 
 
 They can not furrendcr what belongs to others— 
 and therefore their ad can not take away the rights of 
 the proprietors. But fhould the proprietors, enraged 
 at our behaviour, and fatigued with difputcs, make 
 their own t^rms with the crown, and give uj) the royal 
 
 charter then the furrettder may be faid to be com- 
 
 pleated. 
 
 Mr. Galloway fays,- the petitions can not be 
 
 thought in any manner to furrender our privileges - 
 
 becaufe " they re<{ueSi the enjoyment of thok privi- 
 leges." BuU if it be confidered, that to procure peace 
 and fafety, is the defign of forming fociet es, and of 
 
 eftabliftiing governments and that thefe petitions 
 
 cj^refly declare -f- »* there is no peace and fafety 
 
 " among us, and that we have no hopes of either 
 " being reftorcd but by the change tor which we 
 
 " pray." Certainly, if we are thought to be in oyr 
 
 fenfes, it will be concluded that we intend to furrender 
 intirely a government, which does not anfwer the ends 
 
 of government even tho' we Ihould be deprived of 
 
 fame agreeable things tacked to it. For who but 
 
 a Bedlamite would fhiver in a thin filk coat, in the midft 
 of winter, only becaufe it had a fine Lice upon it?— — 
 
 It may fecm therefore a reafonable cbnttruftion of 
 
 thefe petitions to underftandthem in this fenfe -— 
 
 " that the petitioners will be muchobliged to his majefty, 
 if he ^ill be fd good as to put the lace oh warmer coats 
 
 for them but, if he will not condefcerid to do that, 
 
 he may keep the lace for his trouble provided h^ 
 
 will furnilh them with coats of good KngUJh broad doth** 
 "^-v '"'i "-". ' , , . ■ D ' .'Let 
 
 t Pretended fpceCh p3. 18; 56, tt alibi. 
 
 mmmmmmr 
 

 
 [ 26 ] 
 
 Let it however be iiippofcd that our petitions, 
 
 with a refignation of the charter by the proprietors can 
 not be called afurrtnder of our privileges, in (triftnefs 
 
 of law and that the matter conies to be fettled by 
 
 the parliament. 
 
 Here Mr. Galloivay launches out on a flood of 
 
 words. Here he overwhelms me with his ** irre- 
 
 " fragahle demonjlrations:' " * Will the king, 
 
 ** lords and commons (fays he) be the dupes of the 
 
 " miniftry, and, without confideration §§ without 
 
 " the leaft reafon, in an.inftant pafs a law to blaft 
 
 *• our liberties to -j- take away our rights^ and ;): de- 
 
 " prive an affeSiionate people of a few privileges}** || Will 
 they ad fo black— —fo bafe fo unjuft a part ? 
 
 Inconsistencv ! that would be aftonuiiing in any 
 man, but him who is the author of it! 
 
 How can the king and" parliament be «»/«/?, in fav- 
 ing us from midnight gloom and fatal death ? How can 
 they blaft thofe liberties " which are § already loftf" — 
 Take away our rights when f " fecurity of life and ef- 
 tate is now become an empty name among us?** Or de- 
 prive us of our privileges, |||| **whtch are long fmce fwal- 
 lowed up andfacrificed at thefhrine of proprietary injiruc- 
 tions, and the meafures of power y and io turn'd into "1- 
 deal fhadows** ? 
 
 Cunning and cruel king ! to firip thy fubjed* of 
 that which they have not. ** " Look hiftory through", 
 it cannot furnilh an inftance of fuch royal craft and 
 unkindnefs, except that recorded by Sir Richard 
 Blackmore^ of an anceftor of prince Voltiger^ 
 
 A 
 
 , ■ • pretended fpcech pa. *•$. §§ id. pa, 24.. 
 
 ■ 4 id. pa. za. ythline from the bottom. 
 t 1 id. pa. II- 4tli line from the bottom. |] id. pa. sj. 
 
 \ id. pa. 19. line 11. pa. 18. line 5. f id. pa. 44. 1||| id. pa. jo. 
 •• A nneexpreifion in pretended fpeech pa. 9. liaei. 
 
 I 
 
 r 
 
 n 
 / 
 ri 
 a 
 w 
 
 k 
 
 w 
 
3ur petitions, 
 oprietors can 
 , in ttrictnefs 
 be fettled by 
 
 >n a flood of 
 th his " irre- 
 ill the king, 
 dupes of the 
 . — §§ without 
 
 iw to blaft 
 
 bts, and ^ de- 
 ilegesr 11 WiU 
 I a part? 
 
 tiuhing in any 
 
 unjujif in fav- 
 ith? How can 
 Iready lojir — 
 ty of life and ef- 
 g us?" Or de- 
 ■ long Jince fwal- 
 'iprietary infiruc- 
 turn'd into " i- 
 
 thy fubjefts of 
 liftory through", 
 royal craft and 
 jy Sir Richard 
 VoUigeTt 
 
 A 
 
 11 id 
 a. 
 iiacJ 
 
 id. pa. 95. 
 
 44. illl id. pa. JO. 
 
 [ 27 ] 
 
 A painted vt^ prince Voltiger had on. 
 Which from a naked Pi£i, hisgrand/tre won. . 
 
 I will not purfue this point any farther. I will fuppofe 
 in Mr. Calloway's favour, that what he calls his fpeech 
 was fo long, and took fomuch time in making, that 
 he torgot m forming one partj what he had written in 
 another. 
 
 To attend him ftill farther in his political rambles 
 for fome refped is due, to be fure, to " * one of the 
 happy inftruments of relieving his country," and its 
 " t long fupporter," I will grant out of complaifance to 
 hini, in order to give his argument its /«//^^/^rf^, that 
 he ha^ told a great mzny falfhoods — -that we are not in 
 
 the deplorable condition he has reprefented us - 
 
 and that our liberties, rights and privileges which he 
 lias taken fo much pains to blaft, are ftill frelh and 
 tlounfhmg. 
 
 Why then (fays he) it willbe unjuft in the kin a and 
 parliament to deprive us of them; and we have t '« ir 
 refragable proofs" of the juftice of the houfe of com- 
 mons, becaufe m the years 171 8 and 1748, they would 
 not pafs anafttogiveroyalinftruftions the force of 
 laws in Ameriaa" 
 
 Thus he concludes, that becaufe the houfe of com- 
 mons would not make the king abfolute monarch of 
 l^ortb-Amertca, which would have been injurious to the 
 
 nohts oi Great^Britain therefore they will not 
 
 allow him to e^ercife in one province that authority, 
 which he otercifes in every other part of his dominil 
 f"'^.- . , ■'^^by an uncommon, but not a very fyl- 
 logiftical method, of arguing! 1 i 
 
 D 2 
 
 • Pretended fpeech pa. 47. " "^"^ 
 
 who 18 ajftor/ mail ? 
 
[ 28 ] 
 
 Let Mr. CaUotvay^ wlien he fhall be employed in 
 " fupporting the expiring liberties of his country," ftep 
 
 into the Britip fcnate and endeavour to convince 
 
 them of this injuftice. 
 
 • When he lias m^t^fpeecbiox this purpofe, fuppofe 
 fome unconverted member fhould thus addrefs him- 
 
 C( 
 
 Sir, we are perfeftly fatisfied in what rank we arc to 
 
 place your abilities the " proofs are irrefraga- 
 
 f,le'* but as to the point you have Infifted on, 
 
 you do not feem to exprefs yourfelf with clearnefs. 
 You fpeakofan" impelling necejjity to come under the 
 
 king's immediate government," and yet you fay 
 
 it will be " uniult to bring you under it, on the fame 
 conditions with his other fubjeds." I ftiould thercfr. •' 
 be glad to have a fhort, plain anfwer to this queftion — 
 ^re the inhabitants cf Pennfylvania mere or lefs happy 
 than the inhabitants of the royal governments ?" 
 
 How will our deputy extricate himfelf from this di- 
 lemma? If we are more" happy, why do we dejire 
 
 a change or why does Mr. Galloway *alk of the 
 
 ** expiring liberties of his country?" If we are lefs 
 
 happy why do vfc dread it? Why are we tmwil- 
 
 ling to become in every refpe£l like thofe who are hap- 
 pier than ourfelves ? Or where is the injuftice of placing 
 usin thefamc fituation? . 
 
 Before I quit this point, I muft make one obferva^ 
 tion more, to fhew by Mr. Galloway's contradidion of 
 himfelf (though I am almoft tired with taking notice of 
 •his contradidlions) that notwithftanding the rage with 
 
 which he has aflerted the contrary— he really 
 
 thinks our privileges will be indangered, if the parlia- 
 ment Ihould take the change of our government into 
 their conlicicration. 
 
 Hi 
 
employed in 
 
 ountry," ftep 
 
 to convince 
 
 rpofe, fuppofe 
 
 irels him 
 
 ank we arc to 
 ne irrefraga- 
 /e Infifted on, 
 with clearnefs. 
 me under the 
 tidyetyou fay 
 , on the fame 
 ould therefc. ^ 
 his queftion — 
 or lefs happy 
 
 f from this di- 
 do we defire 
 ay -alk of the 
 If we are lefs 
 are we tmwil- 
 :who are hap- 
 upce of placing 
 
 ke one obferva- 
 ontradidton of 
 aking notice of 
 g the rage with 
 — . — he really 
 d» if the parlia- 
 rovemment into 
 
 Hs 
 
 i 29 ] 
 
 He cmfjloys many pages to prove there is no darner^ 
 
 tho' the atlair (hould come before the parliament. -^^ 
 
 Yet, fpeaking of a change in the cafe of an infant pro- 
 prietor, he lays—*" Is^ \i to ha hy 2i parliamentary en- 
 quiry ^ and an aft of the Britijh legijlaiure^ in confe- 
 qucnce ot fuch enquiry ? If it is, tlie rights of the people 
 may ht involved m the enquiry, which the mode intended 
 by tlie houfc is calculated to avoid. Hence it appears, 
 th-it this period of all others, will be attended with moft 
 diiiiculty to the crown, and danger to om privileges" 
 
 Thus he acknowledges, that the houfe of aflcmbly, 
 in making the prefent attempt, have endeavoured to 
 avoid a parliamentary enquiry, becaufe the rights of the 
 people would be involved in it, to the danger oi our privi- 
 leges. 
 
 Upon the whole that has been faid with regard to 
 
 a change and th^fafetyor the danger of the mea- 
 
 fure 1 thus conclude. 
 
 If itf<7»w/bcaccompli(hed the w^ffw^ in which 
 
 jv " attempted will load this province with new 
 
 difgrace. If it is accomplifhed, we are utterly ignorant 
 boio It will be. Tlic fate of our privileges, and the 
 great pomts controverted between us and the proprie- 
 tors, are now to be everlafiingly determined. Many 
 unhappy circumftances attend us in the enterprize. 
 
 1 ^^fx^^r^^" ^ ^'^ ^^*^ argument. On this point I re- 
 ly. Whatfocver may be the force of the reafonings on 
 
 cither fide however probable or improbable the 
 
 fucccfs may be-^ yet after placing every thing in 
 
 the ftrongeft light againft mylelt—// muft be grant- 
 
 'f — rtnat the event is undoubtedly uncertain-- and 
 
 (fiat the perfons defiring a change know no more, what 
 
 will 
 
 • Pretended fpeech pa. f<. 
 
L 30 ] 
 
 will be the confequcnces than they know what will 
 
 be the figure of next year's clouds. 
 
 A MEASURE in which the happinefs of fo many thou- 
 fands is involved, ought not therefore to have been pur- 
 fiied in fo haftv and ungua: ded a manner. Precautions 
 fhould have been taken. Securities fhould have been 
 
 obtained. This was this is my firm opinian ■ 
 
 and fhould a change be happily obtained, without in- 
 juring a fingle privilege, or fettling a fingle point 
 
 againft us fhould the conduft of the afTembly and 
 
 the people in this affair be intirely approved by his 
 
 majefty and his minifters 1 fhall always rejoice 
 
 that I was not concerned in expofing the ineftimable in- 
 ter efis of my country to hazard. 
 
 I PROCEEP to Other points. Mr. Galloway takes great 
 pains to prove, that the * " reprefentatives of a people 
 have a right to change the conftitution, without the 
 
 confent 
 
 • " It can never be thought, that the people iotnift any reprefen- 
 t;(t)ves with tlieir capital privileges, tnrtlier than to ufe their beft flcill to 
 fccui e nnd maintain thenn. They never fo delegated or impowered any 
 men, that de jure they could deprive them of that qualiiication j and 
 Afafto lid jus lion vatct argumentum 1 For the queftion is not, what may 
 be done ? But what ought to be done? Overleers and llewardt are im- 
 powered, not to alienate, but preferve nnd improve other mens inheri- 
 tances. No owners deliver their fliip and goods into any man's hands to 
 give them away, or run upon a rock; neither do they confign their af- 
 fairs to agents or faflors without limitation : All tiufts fuppofe liich a 
 fundamental right in them that give them, and for whom the truftsare* 
 as is altogether indiflblvable by the trultees. The trull is, the liberty 
 and property of the people ; the limitation is, that it fliould not be in- 
 vaded, but be inviolably preferved, according to the law of the land." 
 William Penh's works. I vol. pa. 68z, Sec. 
 
 When Henry the Fourth of Trantt and his minifter the auke of Sulh 
 formed the glorious and benevolent Icheme of giving peace and happi. 
 ne(s to Evrope by reducing it into a kind of great commonwealth, which 
 ■was to be efrefted by chanf^'mg the government of Jeveral ftates 5 fuch was 
 their regard to the firft principles of juftice, and the rights of mankind, 
 that it was determined, that no ftep (hould be taken, tuithout tarefulty 
 end delibtraitly confvlting the ptipl* of the Jevtral nations, who would 
 be afte£ted by their niealures. 
 
 SuLLv's Memoirs. V vol. 
 
u what will 
 
 Tjany thou- 
 e been pur- 
 Precautions 
 have been 
 opinion — ; — 
 wkhout in- 
 'ingle point 
 jffeirbly and 
 ved by his 
 
 1 rejoice ■ 
 
 \eftimabk in- 
 
 ry takes great 
 s of a people 
 without the 
 confent 
 
 lift any reprefen- 
 their beft (kill to 
 r impowered any 
 lalificatioi) J and 
 s not, what may 
 ftewardi are im- 
 ;her mens inheri- 
 ly man's hands to 
 confign their af- 
 fts fuppofe fiich x 
 om the trufts are, 
 uft 18, the liberty 
 fliould not be iii- 
 w of the land." 
 vol. pa. 68z, &c. 
 he «iuke of Sulljf 
 peace and happi- 
 lonwealth, which 
 I ftates i fuch wai 
 igbts of mankind, 
 'without carcfuUy 
 ims, who vrould 
 
 emoirs. V vol. 
 
 [ 31 3 
 
 confent of the people"; lecaufe " almoft every govern- 
 ment in the civilized world, has been changed" ly 
 
 force and injujiice : B<'caufe " the revolution was brought 
 
 about" with fvcb univcrfal confenty that king IVilliam 
 
 was eftablijhed on the Britijh throne^ without fighting a 
 battle : Becaufe *♦ the firft frame of our government was 
 altered" being found impra^icabky and that its*'''' pri- 
 vileges could fcarcely be exercifed or enjoyed** : Becaufe " fix 
 parts in feven of the aflembly, have a right to alter the 
 
 charter," by a law with the Governors affent : Becaufe 
 
 he dignifies hlmfelf and thofc who join with him, with 
 the title of " long fupporters, and lovers of their coun- 
 try" ^XiAc\\zx^^t% with great truth y tobefurcy all who 
 
 differ in opinion from them, " with being the friends of ar- 
 bitrary power? " 
 
 In the fame ftriking method o£ argu'ingy he attempts to 
 
 prove tjjat the petition for a change ought not to 
 
 alarm a free people, becatifiy ♦• though it calls for 
 a military cftablilhment among us," yet this is only 
 Ihewing our defire, that a military force may be fixed, 
 which, " already M fixed:" Or in other words, " it is 
 only difcovering our hearty approbation of a difagreeable 
 meafure" that "fa military ejiablijhment is already 
 
 tfiablifhe^* (to ufe his own words) becaufe there arc fom 
 
 ior thefe he 
 
 foldiers in garrifon at our advanced forts- 
 
 certainly means by the " military eftablifhment already 
 eftablifhed," or nothing — that a military force in a de- 
 p ndant colony y lodged in the hands of the kingy is lefs 
 dangerous to liberty, than in the hands of zfubjeSI—tbat 
 it is the ftrongeft evidence of the prudence znd public Jpi- 
 rit oifucb a colony y to reprefent themfelves as a fett of 
 ruffians amongft whom there is no fafety for men of vir- 
 tue, nor any refpeft for government, but all things are 
 involved in anarchy and therefore humbly* to 
 
 • pray 
 
 • Pretended foeech pa. 33. 
 
 t Prettnded Ipfrach pa, ^. lifl« 7, X, 
 
[ 32 J 
 
 pray, that his majefty will be pleafed to fend over fomc 
 regiments to inftrua them in thtgenile lejfom of duty 
 and obedience — that this will not furnilh a pretence to 
 
 fend over more regiments^ than are defired nor to 
 
 make us pay for thcfe bkfllngs offwords and bayonets^ 
 
 which we have requejied or if thefe inconveniences 
 
 fhould follow, — that they will be greatly overballanc* 
 cd by the advantages of the civil war that would pro- 
 bably cnfuc, if thele troops ftiould be employed, if 
 Mr. Gullo%vay would wilh them to be. 
 
 These are his arguments, and the tendency of them, 
 
 on thefe points. Arguments! Yielding fuch 
 
 ample room for the entertainment of the public, that 
 I hope fome gentleman who has more leifure than 
 I have, will divert the world with the ftridlures upon 
 them they deferve. I pafs on to matters, in which 
 
 I am more particularly concerned 1 mean to an- 
 
 fwer thofe charges, which Mr. Galloway has made 
 againftme. 
 
 The firft of thefe, is, " that my late conduft has 
 been influenced by a reftlefs thiru after promotion i 
 a fondnefs to ferve the purpofes of power, from an ex- 
 peftation of being rewarded with pofts of honour and 
 profit." 
 
 In anfwering fuch a charge as this, Mr. Galloway 
 might perhapsTiave fome advantage over me. 
 
 *Tis true, I cannot boaft of beihg % a " lon^ fup- 
 porter of the rigl-ti of the peojple;" fmce it is but 
 lately, ?hat my youth has been favoured with any pu- 
 blic marks of their approbation. I have not heated the 
 miads of men with inflamatory haiangues^ — and 
 while they have been weakly wondering at my public 
 
 t ThatU, inMr, <7«/i!»w<5y'l'f«i(ifcoftlu|>expiefiL)n. 
 
 tnots th 
 " Ca 
 thefe rai 
 from po 
 built m3 
 lands i 
 that of] 
 
 '*ffw aga waWitgMMtaw(aa« < t B < fciMingrn ti tetf ^^ W B ajWaa wifawaf y 
 
:r fomc 
 of duty 
 ;nce to 
 -nor to 
 UyonetSf 
 ;nienccs 
 ballancr 
 lid pro- 
 oyed, ap 
 
 of them, 
 [Ag fuch 
 (lie, that 
 ire than 
 es upon 
 in which 
 in to an- 
 las made 
 
 iduft has 
 ©motion ; 
 tn an ex- 
 nour and 
 
 Galloway 
 
 long fup- 
 it is but 
 thanypur 
 leated the 
 
 es— — an4 
 tny public 
 
 C 33 ] 
 
 fpirit, found myfelf rewarded in gold^ for the breath 
 I have wafted. I have not every ye.ir fince I have been 
 
 a reprel'entative, given myfelf an office of profit lb 
 
 far from •• rhat I have not taken even a /ingle farthtTig 
 for my wages, during the whole time I have been in 
 the AflTembly, nor in my whole life touched a mite of 
 public money. I have not enriched myfelf vrith a ;»/?/; 
 lucrative poftt torn from the oA/<7g-^of a worthy man, 
 who was grey-headed, long before my birth. I have 
 not, while the * ** Jbop''* was open for the fale of laws, 
 and good fubftantial purchafes might have been made — 
 wafted the public wealth, in buying at an exorbitant 
 price, thofe that would not laft a twelve month. I ha^-e 
 not lined my pockets, and the pockets of a)' my depen- 
 dants, withthefpoilsofioy country, infamoufly plun- 
 dered in vilejohy while with unbounded confidence (he 
 trufted her ftores to my faith. I have not bought with 
 the public money, commiffions of judges in a\\ the courts 
 where I praftife, for my moji intimate friends. I have 
 not attempted to abolifti that facred right of ^»f/7/!?(w«';?, 
 the right oi trial by a jury. I have not juggled in dirty 
 cabals, about the offices of chief jujlice and attorney gerie- 
 
 ral with competent falaries to be annexed to them. 1 
 
 have not taken raw councils in taverns^ for regulating 
 the condud of Pennjylvania. In fliort 1 havenot in afi 
 
 my public conduSl had an eye to my private emolument 
 
 and therefore 1 have not the confolation to refledl, chat 
 I found this province in credit, and that while I have 
 
 been druming — merely for her goody as I pretended my 
 
 interefts have § advanced, as her interefts have declin'd, 
 
 E and 
 
 • Preface to pretended fpeech pa. 4, line ij. 
 
 ^ This was the fate of unhappy Athens \ which faw her pretended ri- 
 triots thriving in proportion to her misfortunes. 
 
 " Caft your eyes, Ibefeechyou, upon vhoii; men, to whom yon owo 
 thefe rare monumen''s of their adininiilration. Some of chera were rai7(>(i 
 from poverty to afHuence, others trom obfcuritv to fplendor; fbme hnv« 
 built magnificent houfes, others have acatiirecllnrfe trafts of valusbia 
 lands i and the lower the fortune of the (t^te lias fallen, the higher \\m 
 that of much people iii«n," 
 
 DbMOSTHEKEsiuthefecond O^nthian. 
 
[ 34 J 
 
 and that I am now pofleft hy my popularity alone^ of a 
 confiderable eftate, while fiie is iunk into difgrace. 
 
 I CANNOT boaft indeed of fuch exploits as thefe 
 
 and I fincerely pray, that my mind may be never taint- 
 ed with the bafe ambiton of rifing by fordid practices. 
 No dignities can adorn his character , who has attained 
 them by meanefs. 
 
 With equal fcorn do I behold him, who endeavours 
 to recom.nend himfelf, either to men of power ^ or to 
 the public, by flattering their pafllons or errors, and by 
 forfeitmg his honor and integerity. 
 
 The good man who is guided through life by his 
 confcience and reafon, may in particular inflames, offend 
 even honcft and wife men — but his virtue will naturally 
 prodiKe an uniformity in his conduit upon the, wholey 
 that will difcover his probity, and procure him the 
 general approbation of the worthy. 
 
 These fentiments perhaps may prove deftruftive to 
 one, who defigns to eflablifh his reputation and felicity 
 on the bafis ofa party • fmce it is highly improba- 
 ble 
 
 • This ftntiment is fo ftrongly confirm'd bjr a beautiful paflkge in 
 Sully's memoirs, that it is hoped the inferting it will afford pleafure 
 to eveiy one who reads it. 
 
 The duke of Sully being a Proteflant, was appointed by his maftcfi 
 Jtemy thefsuftb of France, to prefide in a general alTembly of the Protef- 
 
 Hitts, which w2< called to meet at CbaUlUrttut. The duke, was tbtir 
 
 faithful friend inrou^h his whole life, andftridly attached to them by 
 principle ; but the warmth of their temper led them into many things, 
 in this ajfembly, in which he could not join with them— —without offer- 
 ing violence to his own fentiments---— -and iiitegrity. 
 
 The following is the account he ^ves of his cpnaufl. ** A, nmmon 
 *' prejudice prevails among all forts of religion \ a man is never fuppoled 
 *< to be TLjincereprofeffor oit\\K o\i*)\thM embraced, iinlefs he (up« 
 « ^oTi»'\t (ibfiinatety, ev^ti in fucb paintj, where it is moft Tiflbly •evrMCf." 
 The fame remark may perhaps be founJ true in all parties. " Upon thi$ 
 *<■ footing) I coniief^ tile nethod I was deteiwuvc^ to pQriiie, mighf 
 
 •• from 
 
 HMft'-ya 
 
"""■"■"'""■■'"■ 
 
 darity alone ^ of a 
 L into difgrace. 
 
 oits as thefe 
 
 ly be never taint- 
 y fordid pra^ices. 
 , who has attained 
 
 , who endeavours 
 ( ef power, or to 
 or errors, and by 
 
 hrough life by his 
 lar trances, offend 
 irtue will naturally 
 £t upon the iffhoky 
 I procure him the 
 
 >rove deftruftive to 
 utation and felicity 
 is highly improba- 
 ble 
 
 r a beautiful paffage in 
 ing it will afford pleafure 
 
 appointed by his maiUri 
 ;ral affcmbly of the ProteJ^- 
 
 .'. The duke, was their 
 
 ■Hy attached to them by 
 
 them into many thin^Si 
 
 1 them — —without ofrer- 
 
 itegrity. 
 
 s conaoft. ** A nmrnon 
 i a man is never fuppoted 
 imbraced, uulefs he fup- 
 c it ismoft villbly •wrattg" 
 all parties. " Upon thi$ 
 eiwuvcd to porftie, mighf 
 •• b«sar 
 
 [ 35 ] 
 
 ble, thai any man will he long ejleemed by a party , unlefs 
 he is bound to ii by .prejudices, as well as by princi- 
 ples. 
 
 To fupport the attrocious charge he has made againft 
 
 me, Mr. Galloway produces no kind of proof except 
 
 my differing in opinion from him, be proof. But if 
 this be admitted, then Mr. Norris, Mr. Richardfony and 
 the two other gentlemen who differed from him, are 
 villains alfo, influenced by the fame views, attributed 
 to me. 
 
 This would be too daring a charge, and more diffi- 
 cult perhaps tor Mr. Galloway to fupport, than to crulh 
 by calumnies and confpiraciesy a young man, who has 
 excited more than one pafTion in more than one man's 
 brcaft. 
 
 # 
 Had I intended to recommend myfelf to the govern- 
 ment, I certainly might have given the fentiments I 
 
 E 2 delivered 
 
 ** from fame ferfins, draw upon me the epithets offa'fe brother, dejerter, 
 •' and it the/ pleafe, trajtor ; However, it was not the approbation of 
 " fuch as thofe, that I propofed to obtain, but of peribns, who, (f 
 *' tahatfver patty or religion they -were, would in their judgement of my 
 *' conduSl, pieferve the ballance oi equity und difinterefiednej's. If ever 
 " religion admits of the alhilaiice otpniicy, it ought to be of a policy /«»•/, 
 " fimple, and upright as itfeij j any other may indeed appear to fer<-oe it, 
 «« but does riot in reality, arid foone'r or later never Jails to ruitt it," 
 
 " Having determiii'd to be »".idfed hy no other princtpin iu my tia»fa£ti- 
 " ons witn the ejfembly, 1 tl.ought 1 could not too i.<tiefully avoid .tU 
 
 " be^nning, I fhewed my(i f folici ciu to fupport on this occafiou, 
 " THAT Character by wbi'.h i)\cpuLiic wnc to know bow I tvouU aSl 
 " on every other -y that is, of ;i man fincerely attached to the true princi- 
 " pies andinterefl of theprote/ani religion, yet incapable of drawing the 
 *• J'al/k confiquenees which many of tiic proteilants did, or of' approving 
 •• their irreguLr proceediugs: The fpnech 1 made at the opening of the 
 *' aj'emith, whicli \iSttA half an hour, was wholly frt/ra/a/tf*/ to produce 
 " this efecl, wlthttut woubli'i? mylelfto confider, wheiher it would 
 ", give tUeafurs or olte» ce t.» ti.> greatelt number," 
 
 iiuLLY's Memoirs, 4 vol. 
 
 wmmmmm 
 
 \ 
 
[ 36 1 
 
 delivered in the Houfe, a more courtier-like air than 
 they now bear. Had I intended this, I fhould not have 
 been one of the firji and warmeft to declare my fixed 
 refolution^ not to admit of the governor's confti flion 
 of the ftipulation he difputed with us; nor Ihould I 
 have fteadily perfifted in this oppofition to the laft. 
 
 Had I intended this, I fhould not have been the 
 enly man in the Houfe, who conficntly refufed to aflent 
 to the fupply bill, becauje the monev emitted by it, was 
 made a legal tender in payment of all demands " except 
 
 proprietary rents," when that exception might have 
 
 been fafely extended (as was granted by the moft dif- 
 
 tinguiflied members) to the rents of all other perfons 
 
 who would then have been as well fccuredf as the 
 proprietors, and a diftindion in their favour alone 
 avoided, 
 
 Cne thin* more I beg leave to mention, fince Mr. 
 Galloway compels me to fpeak. -of myfelf. I was ap- 
 pointed to carry the bill to the governor the fecond time 
 for his aflent, after he had once refufed it. This was 
 long before the change of government was talked of. 
 On my delivering it, fome converfation arofe between 
 us on the fubjea, Mr. Shippen the fecretary being prefent. 
 As the paflTage of the bill was of the utmoft importance 
 to his majefty's fervice, and the good of the public, I 
 took the liberty, though my acquaintance with the 
 governor was very flight, of mentioning feveral reafons 
 to prpvc, that the aflembly's conftruftion of the dif- 
 puted ftipulation was extremely equitable ; confiftent 
 with the eftablifhed rules ot explaining a fcntence capa- 
 ble of two meanings; and therefore ought to be admit- 
 ted— ——and that his honour's conduft in paffing th? 
 bill, as it then was framed, would not be (Ufapprovcd 
 of in Efiglnnd. I further added, that I was pcrfwaded, 
 his refufal would throw every thing into the greateft 
 Cpnfyfiop, Stino 
 
 irf*? 
 
■like air than 
 ould not have 
 lare my fixed 
 confti ftion 
 nor fhould I 
 the laji. 
 
 ive been the 
 ufed to aflent 
 ed by it, was 
 mds *■*■ except 
 » might have 
 the moft dif- 
 
 r perfons 
 
 ;ured as the 
 avour alone. 
 
 »n, fince Mr. 
 If. I was ap- 
 ic fecond time 
 it. This was 
 tras talked of. 
 irofe between 
 being prefent. 
 ift importance 
 the public, I 
 [ice with the 
 everal reafons 
 jn of the dif- 
 le i confiftcnt 
 entence capa- 
 t to be admit- 
 n paiCng the 
 e difapprovcd 
 as perfwaded, 
 thegrcateft 
 B21NO 
 
 t 37 J . 
 
 Being Toon after taken ill, and confined to my room. 
 
 betweTn7h ^'' ^ '° P''^^"i ^"^^ ^''^^^^"^<^ ^* th« time 
 between the governor and affcmbly, that I fent for 
 
 wfh" thf *^' '^^°"' ^ ^"f ^ '° ^^ intimately acquainted 
 with the governor; and urging every thing L could 
 thmk of, to convince him thaf our bill oulht to be 
 pafled as we had formed it, I intreated him to|o to th^ 
 |overnor, and endeavour to prevail on him to'give iS 
 
 , I HOPE this cannot be called the conduft of a man 
 Ik Ety."' " "^'^'"^°"^ P^^°"^ deftruftivfof pTb" 
 
 .. ^h^T^n? f'X'^I ^'^Ve^' *P"^ me by Mr. Galloway 
 i*, that I neglefted my duty of attending in the Houfc 
 and never fpoke my fentimcnts till it wJs JLo kte. ' 
 
 Mr. GaUowafs behaviour in making this charge, is 
 a plain proof /. ^hat lengths he will proceed, in fopes 
 or injuring «, The firft time, fince I hive beeSa 
 XleT"' °^ '^^ P^vince, 'that a chaJige of 1 
 vernment was mentioned and debated in the affemflT 
 was on Saturday the 24th day of March r^fontS 
 governor's fending d^wn to them his meflagrabfo^utely 
 
 anlwer -as ccmpofed and fent « the freauent 
 
 motion. w.h t& Iblemn debate" Mr. G.iW^ 
 
 or, ru the refolves paft and the Houfe 
 
 adjou-nci 'X the 14th of Ma^ ^ 
 
 .^l^^iP""^' f'^y^^ffi^'confcious, that this day, and the 
 
 - .../ bed, by a fevere attack of the fever and a<rue. 
 t" t theT U^f '"^ the rw^.^ before, I wSs ?oit 
 that there not being a fuificicnt number of members 
 
 v;ithout 
 
 I 
 
 MHIMilii 
 
[ 38 ] 
 
 without miy thofe who Were met, intended to come and 
 fit at my houfe; and that to fave the gentlemen this 
 trouble, 1 detetmined to wait on ibem, and was carried 
 up in the late fpeaker's chariot, which he was fo kind 
 as to lend for me, it being a rainy day. 
 
 V This ftatc of my health at that time, being a faft 
 well known to many pcrfr'^«', and particularly to Mr. 
 Calloway, how cruel and njuft is it to blame me for not 
 attending, when it was impoflTible— — and when, if 
 itha.i vf-npoffible, I had not the leaft fufpiciotiy that any 
 thing o i vaft importance would come into coft- 
 
 fidcratioii.. 
 
 On the meeting of the Houfe, the 14th day of laO: 
 A%, according to their adjournment, I conftantly at- 
 tended tuery day, untill this important matter was de- 
 termined, except on AfWrtV the 2ift on which 
 
 day there was no Houfe, only eighteen members meet- 
 ing, Mr. Calloway and many others being abfent. The 
 
 following days, the petition for a change came in 
 
 were read as other petitions were ^lay on 
 
 the table and not a word fpoken on the fubjeft. 
 
 Thus bufinefs went on till Wednefday the 23d, when 
 I was prevented for the pji time from attending the 
 
 Houfe, by a fever which, as it was very injurious 
 
 to my health, would alfo, if Mr. Calloway's charitable 
 and humane wifl>t;s could prevail, prove deftruftive to 
 my reputation. This day the matter was ftarted. In 
 vain did the fpeaker recommend the deferring to take 
 
 any refolution, till the Houfe was more foil and 
 
 the abfent members then in town, could attend He 
 
 dcfired that the affair miight be put off /e the next day 
 
 if^ ^ain the debate was begun^ quickly de- 
 termined— a committee appointed to prepare a 
 
 draught of the petition that draught made 
 
 brouglit in prefented read 
 
 X HE 
 
to come and 
 ntlemcn this 
 i was carried 
 ; was fo kind 
 
 being a faft 
 ularly to Mr. 
 ne me for not 
 and when, it' 
 t«V«, that any 
 nie into con- 
 
 4.th day of lalt 
 
 conftantly at- 
 
 natter was de- 
 
 on which 
 
 nembcrs mcet- 
 r ablent. The 
 
 s came in 
 
 e— lay on 
 
 the fubjeft. 
 
 the 23d, when 
 1 attending the 
 5 very injurious 
 vafs charitable 
 e deftruftive to 
 was Jtarted. In 
 eferring to take 
 
 : fiill -and 
 
 \ attend He 
 
 thg next day 
 
 quickly de- 
 ted to prepare a 
 ght made- 
 
 The 
 
 t 59 ] 
 
 The next day, tho' ftill extremely indifpofed, J at- 
 tended and was furprifed to find fo much bufincfs 
 
 of the utmoft confeqaence hid been done in fo fhort a 
 
 time and though I could have wifhed thatfucb afiep 
 
 had not been taken, without allowing me, and every 
 other member, efwhofe attendance there was any proba^ 
 bility^ an opportunity of offering our fentiments; yet I 
 comforted myfelf with refleding, tliat though it had 
 been refolved, " that a petition fhould be drawn," yet 
 it was not refolved " that any petition fhould be prefent- 
 cdi" and that I fhould be at liberty.to offer my opinion 
 hereafter. I was determined therefore to attend dili- 
 gently j and to take the firft opportunity^ which would 
 be on the fecond reading of the petition, to oppofe it. 
 This I was induced to do, by confidering, that if I did 
 not fay any thing, till the queftion was put for tran- 
 fcribingy or ftgning in order to be prefented, it would 
 look very odd for me tp be filent fb long, and that it 
 would anfwer no purpofe. 
 
 Accordingly, on the fecond reading of the petition 
 which was xhtfirjl opportunity I ever had^ fince the change 
 of government was attempted, I fpoke againft it. 
 
 Thb only obj^ftion then made by Mr. Cailowm 
 and every other member who fpoke on the occafion, 
 
 was -that I, had offered my fentiments toofoon to the 
 
 Houfe and that I fhould have /a/</ for the queftion 
 
 tQ tranfcribe ot Jfgn the petition. 
 
 That I did not aft with any ftupid and ufejefs re- 
 ferve in lying by till this time, was never dreamt of by 
 any member who knew, w^ 1 had been detained at 
 home, whenever I was detained. 
 
 How VSHn is his attempt who ftrives to ^IciSkaUtnen? 
 Ot indeed tp. pic^C; one man at all times ? Mr. GaUewof 
 
 and 
 
 ■j-a.r's-.'tiiaa^ 
 
^ [ 40 ] 
 
 and others then faid, that I fpoke too foon. He and 
 fomemore now fay, I fpoke too late. Why too late? 
 Were not my arguments as well underftood then^ and 
 had they not i\vt fame force ^ as if they had be».:= ^.-.^ • 
 fore ? And if they proved the nieauire to be dangerous 
 and improper J ought they not in a tratter offucb impor' 
 tame to thepublic^ to have been as much regarded, as if 
 they were one day older? 
 
 If this affair had not been fo quickly decided, I never 
 fhould have been charged with omitting to fpeak in 
 time. But I muft not quit Mr. Galloway. What 
 mull the public think or a man who dares to abufe 
 them by the groffeft deceptions, with the pious inten- 
 tion of injuring another? He fays ** that during the 
 time of the feveral delates refpeding the change of go- 
 vernment, I feldom attended, and was abfent when the 
 important one came on, which iffued in the refolve, to 
 adjourn and confult the people.'* 
 
 Yet the candid Mr. Galloway knows that there 
 
 never was any debate in the aflembly, fince I have been 
 
 a member^ rcfpefting the change of government 
 
 untill that which iflued in the refolve to adjourn 
 
 and tbat I was then ill. Again, he fays, " at the next 
 meeting, (meaning that in Mtrf) feveral motions were 
 made to bring this refolution to an iflue, and zher great 
 deUberatioHy it was refolved by amajority of 27 to 3, 
 that a committee fhould be appointed to bring in the 
 petition to his majefty to relume the powers of go- 
 vernment. But at none of thefe debates and refolu- 
 
 tions was I prefent, tho* I well knew, or at leaft had 
 great reaSon to expefl this bufinefswas in continual agita- 
 tion" 
 
 Yet the correft Mr. Gallcway knows, that there ne- 
 ver was a motion—^r debate— or refolution, concern- 
 ing 
 
ft. He and 
 hy too late? 
 td theiiy and 
 
 be dangerous 
 Tffucb impor- 
 garded, 
 
 as if 
 
 idedy I never 
 to fpeak in 
 way. What 
 res to abufe 
 pious inten- 
 : during the 
 lange or go- 
 jntwhen the 
 LC refolve, to 
 
 — that there 
 :e I have been 
 ernment • 
 
 adjourn ■ 
 
 " at the next 
 
 motions were 
 ind zhtx great 
 Y of 27 to 3, 
 
 bring in the 
 owers of go- 
 es and refolu- 
 ■ at leaft had 
 ntinual agita" 
 
 that there ne- 
 ;ion, concern- 
 ing 
 
 [41 ] 
 
 ing this matter, upon the meeting of the houfe inA%— 
 untill fVednefday the 23d day of the month, when I was 
 taken fick, as has been mentioned and that / at- 
 tended as diligently as himfelf till that day. 
 
 This account of the time when every tranfadlion 
 
 pafled in the houfe and of my attendance, is taken 
 
 from the «/■»«/« of aflembly, ds\6.xkvtbook for entring 
 
 the attendance of the members both which I have 
 
 carefully looked over, in the prefcnce of Dr. Moorey 
 the ck k, who therefore is perfectly acquainted with 
 the truth of every thing I have averred. 
 
 Another charge againft me is, that ** I formed my 
 thoughts into order, and reduced what I had to fay, in- 
 to writing, in an unparliamentary way." 
 
 I ACKNOWLEDGE myfclf guilty of taking fome pains 
 to put my thoughts into order, and that my notes were 
 long and exaft, that I might thereby be enabled to de- 
 liver my fentiments with clearnefs. I regarded this as 
 a duty, upon an occafion where fuch an interefting fub- 
 
 jeft was XX) be difcuffed and I was encouraged to ul'e 
 
 this mode becaufe I once before had ufed it, and 
 
 received fuch public praifes from the prcfent fpeaker, 
 for introducing a method, highly commended, and the 
 next day, imitated by him, as afforded me the fincereft 
 
 pleafure and I hope, will "* fervc to confoie 
 
 F me; 
 
 • Preface to pretended fneech- — *-pa. 15. *« I would only advife 
 " him carefully to preferv< he panegy ricks with which" the proprie- 
 tary faaion " haveadorneu nim : In time, they may ferve to cotOblt 
 " him, by balancing tbt calumw^ ibn JbaU load him tvitb, when ie does not 
 •« go THROUOH with them in aU their meafures t He will not probably 
 
 " do the one, and they will then afluredly do the other There are 
 
 •• mouth* that can blow ho? as well as cold, and Waft o|p your browt 
 
 " the bays their hands hav« placed thtre Experto crede Rohefto. 
 
 " Let but diemoo»ofpra|)rietaryfavotir<w//£(^(rivit8>^iVwfor a mo- 
 «' ment, and that great number of the principal gentlemen of P/tt/o^//. 
 V i^wf.yhoappliedto yo« for a copy »f you« fpeech, flull immediately 
 *• ^BfpiftMuiaeftttyoa."— '- ' 
 
[ 42 ] 
 
 me, by ballancing the calumny with which I am load- 
 ed, becaufe I would not go through with meafures^* 
 which my confcience and reafon commanded me to op- 
 
 pofe. A conduit! I am determined, whatever 
 
 " moon'' fhmes on me or " withdraws" her beams, up- 
 on all occafions, STEADILY to pursue. ---/Vndasits own 
 reward is fufiicient iorme, 1 beg leave to rtftoreto the 
 gentleman's " brows" trom whch it* once felly the 
 ** laurel'd" wreath, that unenvied^ unfought and un- 
 
 ivijbed for by me, he has been pleafed with what 
 
 deftgn I will not preiuaie to gueis to place upon 
 
 mine. 
 
 Mr. Galloway alfo accufes me of having promifed 
 him a copy of my ipeech, and of not performing my 
 promife. Here he is cgrcgiouOy miftaken. I told him 
 he Ihould have the cop/ thai night it was delivered, // 
 / could get it ready. Tiie noule broke up late in the 
 evening. He fovjii after called upon me. It was not 
 ready. He told me ic would be too late, if he had it 
 not foon. I did not then underftand his meanings as 
 I did not in the leaft apprehend, the moft important 
 matter that ever came betore the houfe of affembly, was 
 to be decided with lefs deliberation than is generally 
 bellowed on things of much flighter moment. Next 
 morning I took the copy to the Houfe in my 
 p. cket. No one called tor it. I did the fame in the 
 afernoon. The like fiience was obfervcd. I did not 
 chufe to fhew any Ibrwardnefs in forcing it on thofe, 
 who feemed willing to forget it. Had I aded other- 
 wife 1 Ihould have been called impudent and conceit- 
 ed, by thofe who are fond of beftowing epithets. 
 
 Mr. Galloway fays, " that I attempted to deliver 
 my obgeftions againft the meafure ffrtf^ tenus-, but find- 
 ing every thing f offered judicioufly and fenfibly rcfut- 
 , ed by feveral ment»bers» I was obliged to retreat to my 
 
 fpeech 
 
 t Sf^trtt crttt Rebtrto. Preface to pretended fpeecfa'-'—^pa. ti. 
 
lichlam load- 
 with meafures,** 
 ided me to op- 
 *ED, whatever 
 her beams, up- 
 -- And as its own 
 o rtftore to the 
 t * once felly the 
 'ought and un- 
 
 with what 
 
 -to place upon 
 
 aving promiied 
 performing my 
 en. I told him 
 as delivered, if 
 ; up late in the 
 le. It was not 
 r, if he had it 
 his meanings as 
 moft important 
 }f affembly, was 
 lan is generally 
 moment. Next 
 Houfe in my 
 the Tame in the 
 ved. I did not 
 ing it on thofe, 
 d I a<5bed other- 
 en t and conceit- 
 r epithets. 
 
 pted to deliver 
 tettus\ but find- 
 dfeniibly refut- 
 to retreat to my 
 fpeeclt 
 
 (teirr^ 
 
 [ 43 ] 
 
 fpeech in writing, which after a Ihort introduftory apo- 
 logy, 1 read m a manner, not the moft deliberate." 
 
 As to the laft part of this whimfical charge, I Ihall 
 not pretend to give any anfweri becaufe that would be 
 m fome meaiure allowing Mr. Galloway capable of 
 judgmg, what IS a" deh berate manner" of fpeaking. 
 
 ^u '? ^^^ r? P*"*'-;— a"y man but Mr. Gallowof 
 would have dilcovered why I began to fpeak, witho« 
 
 recurring to my notes. The relolvcs were paft ! 
 
 and the petition ordered to be drawn in my abfence 
 I never had heard the change Ipokeof in the houfe-I 
 and did not know but by information of others, the 
 
 £fn I ^fl'''^''*''r'"?'"'^"" ^«^ b^«" influenced. 
 Before I offered my fentiments, it was therefore necefl 
 lary for me to difcover the arguments that would be 
 ufed againft me. On th e information I had received 
 I had prepared my anfweri but to make this anfwer 
 appear wita propriety, I thought it requifite to have 
 the arguments o/thoie who defired a change, repeated 
 before the houfe. I threw out general objfftidnsrand 
 defired to know what reafonf could be tho't fufficient 
 to engage the houfe in fo hazardous a meafure? Then 
 the *' JUDICIOUS and fenfible members" Mr. Galloway 
 
 mentions, and he among them for that phrafe 
 
 I luppofe is his way ot complimenting himfelf-— dif- 
 covered all the arguments on which they reUed.— Thev 
 proved to be the fame I expefted ; and I " retreated 
 to my fpeech," which was prepared to anfwer them. 
 
 Th8 laft objedion made by Mr. Gallowir,, of which 
 I Ihdl take notice, is, " that the fpeech, Is pri^t^d 
 IS different from that delivered-_a£d that TheSc^ 
 fufficiently Wr^/„, by whofe hands it has \JnSll 
 up, and with what views it has been publUhcd:" 
 
 F 2 
 
 He 
 
 R£ 
 
[ 44 ] 
 Here he is agiin miftaken. The printed fpeech « 
 
 in compofing or correfting « , ^^^^ 
 
 f f rkn"w .h f hS'wittent except my clerk, 
 wr'tr^fcribeVic— untUl i< -s dehvered m the 
 Houfe, 
 
 Tht^aSSf a^t^^^^^^^^^^^^ layin, before 
 
 thefe ^Wr^lJ^^^^^^^ by which I had been induced 
 '^" l^'^'ldJ^T^^ndcr.non had the more weight 
 to aft as 1 dici. ^ n^> ^u ^ gentlemen in 
 
 with me, on receiving a 1^"^^;^?^ V ^ 
 this city, defiring a copy of the fpeech. 
 
 . . /.Arift-irnents- and men of the 
 
 .""TchSeTJ T"houg£««n.y duty to comply 
 deareft characters, i B ^ j„j ,fiey 
 
 r?U orinX«ith ucha tUlTand in fucha manner, 
 
 «HichUdno-onv-«l^^^ 
 
 '.'"'"•":ilf<^ to eo into the country for my he^Jth. 
 
 i;:rit^nta?%ton\r'«Ti^^^^^ 
 
 r^^rreTL*-'^™"»-Howro«^ but by 
 
 common report. 
 
 Every 
 
 MhMMM 
 
[ 45 ] 
 
 nted fpcech is 
 i, except the 
 aleat the fenfc, 
 i to the Mem- 
 pt fomc flight 
 ieclarct that I 
 m any perfon, 
 en io much as 
 t no man ever 
 ccept my clerk, 
 lUvered in the 
 
 demonfirations'* 
 lalloway and his 
 
 company, and 
 
 1 thought 
 
 y laying before 
 d been induced 
 :he more weight 
 ne gentlemen in 
 
 -and men of the 
 duty to comply 
 
 em and they 
 
 n fuch a manner, 
 er confulting me-j 
 t as I was out of 
 rering the copy, 
 
 for my health, 
 icre, the preface 
 yit. — I never was 
 
 it war, publilhed. 
 wrote it, but by 
 
 Every thing I have faid on thefe lad heads, is 
 known to be true, by my friends •, whofc virtue and 
 good opinion I too much revere, to appeal to them as 
 witnefl!cs, if I was not confcious of the fmcerity with 
 which I fpeak. 
 
 Thus have I faithfully hXA before the public, my 
 whole condudt relating tc> the change of our govern- 
 ment, and the reafons on which it was founded. If 
 fenfible and good men approve of my behaviour, 
 I quit without regret the applaufes of others, and all 
 the attendant advantages, to thofe, who think proper 
 to court them. 
 
 JOHN DICKINSON. 
 
 Every 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 mmmmtf^ 
 
■ ;,■'■• .1 
 
 '>Wf 
 
 ■ <i . O -i- 
 
 * * 
 
 :^,\.i j'^,-.v/.. >■• :,.v'jj 
 
 <;„j -■,vV--r 
 
 J-.'il-, 
 
 
 .J »»-v ■ , '■ "• *' 
 

 • 1 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 ^i^«/ /» of mine could merit fucb a fate? 
 
 That all thejhot of dullnefs now mufl he 
 
 From this tky Blunderbuss difcharg^d on me! 
 
 Pope. 
 
 WEAKNESS and ignorance when attended by 
 modetiy, are naturally entitled to pardon md 
 to pity. But when they impudently pretend to the 
 
 characters of wifdom and knowledge when they 
 
 aim at power, which they underftand not how to exer- 
 cife — and to honours, which they underftand not how 
 to deferve— -when they make ufe of their good fortune in 
 life to wound their country— infolently to abufe thofe, 
 who know and defpife them— and when with proud and 
 folemn formality, thev demand a refpedl by no means 
 
 due to them -r-then they become the proper obiefts of 
 
 contemjft ^nd riditule, if not of hatred. 
 
 It is not my intention to trouble myfelf with obfer- 
 rations, on Mr. Gallowafs continual ♦ breaches of the 
 rules of grammar} his utter ignorance of the Englifli 
 
 language 
 
 «>anti^?,"„«f!l'' '*!"• ■*' '!''*** "•?]•"«= S*^' *•'=» ferviceto our 
 wuntry can we do, yihtn proprietary Ufftruaions, and proprietary trkniU 
 ntertji 18 to eiiflaw our judgment, and to rule in our councils ' 
 
 «« Rpfl^-. cin T 1, / P'«»«»»d««*,»*Mcn pa. 19. at the bottom. 
 «,,• A ' ^^' ^"^' ' "^*«';en the opinion q\ tome very great men. his 
 ina,efty's fervants, and often near his perfon. that the iaJr/of go! 
 Ternmentisai»mter^tlutiai»a»tJwteansferreduraliendL" * 
 
 Pretended Spsech, pa. 43, 
 
 ',^*:^sf!^'' ~ 
 
[ " ] 
 
 language*, the pompous obfcurity zaA /puttering prolixity 
 reigning through eVery part of his piece; and his innu- 
 merable and feeble § tauto'Jugies. ^his labour would be 
 too great. I only intend to prefent to the public, ftript 
 of that bundle of words in which he has rolled them up, 
 a fmall coUedtionof his rhetorical flowers and figures. 
 
 Sorry am 1 to fay it flowers -wixhoni fragrance 
 
 and figures without /(7r«. Yet perhaps their novelty 
 may recommend them. 
 
 Some authors have induftroufly endeavoured in their 
 
 writings, to ^r/)n2^ their readers and Tome readers 
 
 have thought this a great merit in authors. With gen- 
 tlemen of this tafte, Mr. Galloway muft be a darling 
 
 writer for no man ever pofleft fo furprizing a way 
 
 oxfurprizing his readers. A few inftances will difcover 
 his excellence in this Icind. 
 
 • " Let us but confider, fays he, that the experi- 
 ence of ages, fully demonflirates wealth to be the parent 
 of power, the ««;y^ of influence: and that an increafe of 
 wealth, will as naturally beget an increafe of power and 
 influence, as an increafe of velocity in the falling ftone 
 will produce more certain death." 
 
 In the third line of this fmiile, wealth is the nurfe of 
 influence but in the fourth, this nurfe is the beget- 
 ter of influence a tranfition fomewhat fudden and 
 
 odd but it does not ftop here-— for f three pages 
 
 firther, this begetting nurfe \^ turned into zweapon^ and 
 put into the hands ot its own chiH^ ikfluence. What 
 
 now 
 
 & «« Pretended fpeech — paflim — " ereateft wealth and moft invalua- 
 able jeweU " bondage and thraldom" " fpending and waft- 
 ing"--—" fruitleft and ineffeftual" " conduft and behaviour" 
 
 «« Tuch horrid guilt, fuch heinous oflTences" •• groundlefs feaM and 
 
 nglitful apprehenfiong" .^c. &c. &c. &. 
 
 * Pretended fj»eech. pa. lo. 
 
 ♦ id. pa. 13. line 5 from the bottom.—— 
 
ittering prolixity 
 ; and his innu- 
 labour would be 
 le public, ftript 
 rolled them up, 
 TS and figures. 
 
 X. fragrance 
 
 IS their novelty 
 
 avoured in their 
 nd feme readers 
 ,rs. With gen- 
 uft be a darling 
 furprizing a way 
 ces will difcover 
 
 that the experi- 
 to be the parent 
 liat an increale of 
 afe of power and 
 n the falling ftone 
 
 Ith is the nurfe of 
 urfe is the leget- 
 ifhat fudden and 
 for t three pages 
 xxozweapont and 
 •LUENCE. What 
 now 
 
 ahb and moft jnvalua- 
 « fpending and waft- 
 a and behaviour" — - 
 ■• groundlefs feais and 
 
 •ri- 
 
 t in ] 
 
 now, coold a reader expeft, that this wicked child, 
 » " improbur ilk puer, " would do with the nurfe that 
 begat him, changed into 2i'U;capon. 
 
 Will he cut and deftroy? No! Wixh that weapon. 
 he Will— what wdlhe do? J " En—creafeom difcredit, 
 and the mmifterial difpleafure." What vivacity of 
 .invention? What uncommonefs in the iigure? What 
 firength in the cxpreffion ? 
 
 But thi: is, not the only beauty of this curious fimile. 
 What precifion is is there in the expreflion of " the fall- 
 ing ftone? For what would an increafe of velocity fignify 
 to any thing elfe but a '^ ftone f" Or to any otherftone 
 but " the fall— ing ftone?" Befides how exaftly has Mr. 
 Galloway provided fome unlucky head for this ftone tb 
 fall upon, in order to produce " more certain death?" 
 
 Mr. Gallowaf% ingenuity, in forming the extraordi- 
 nary weapon above-mentioned, out of the nurfe, is no- 
 thmg, when compared with his following feats. Ovid 
 with his Metamorphojn wasttut a type of him. 
 
 hi the forty third and fortyfoOrth pages of his piece, 
 he makes weapons, (as his been hinted) out of the "c^i 
 M»/r^^» between the crown, and the firft proprietor- 
 "out ofano/>/«/tf» of the king's ferviantSi" and out of 
 the " quit-rents in the lower counties:" For havina 
 copioutty mentioned thefe feyerd matteri, he con- 
 dudcs, §«THESB-arethewBAt.oWs, which! am con- 
 fad^t will be ufed for the reftoration of our liberties." 
 
 If he can make weapons out of fucb flight fluffs it 
 feems a probable opinion, that he can form thi?m * /;; 
 
 his way I mean 6vit ofan " ideal Ihadow," or «♦ a 
 
 chimerical notion" or what is ftill more extraordi- 
 nary—even out of his tyftn courage; 
 
 ^ Mk.GaU 
 
[ IV ] 
 
 Mr. Gallowayy tvtr fruitful in ufelefs inventions, has 
 
 found another way of giving furprtfe and that is, 
 
 by ufeing the fame word in different fenfes in the fame 
 page or fentence. Thus, fpeaking of our firft im- 
 prafticable frame of government, and its change, he 
 
 fays -^ " if it (meaning the change) is valid, then 
 
 the refolution of this Houfe for a change, afTented to 
 by nine tenths of the members met, mult be valid 
 alfo." 
 
 But the refolution of the affembly alone cannot make 
 a change of the government; and therefore he cannot 
 mean, that it is valid, in the fame manner v/kh the firft 
 change, which was made with the confent of every 
 tranch of the lemflature. So that by thefe words, 
 ** valid alfo" mult be intended fome other kind of va- 
 tidity, of which no man but Mr. Galloway can form an 
 
 idea unlefs it be, thu this valid refolution binds 
 
 thofe who made it, and no body elfe. 
 
 Mr. Galloway feems to be very fond of thefe abftrufi 
 meanings, which has inclined fome people to think him 
 addifted to the fl^dy of the t " occult fciences.** What 
 elle could induce him to talk of the king's naming our 
 
 governors with his bands-. or of people's reading with 
 
 their mouths, znd hearing with their eyes. 
 
 « We alk jthe king," fays he, || " to take the nomi- 
 nation of the governor who is to riile his people into his 
 
 royal 
 
 f Pnetended fpeech pa. 34. 
 
 t This fiippofition will not appear unreaToiiaMe^ if it be confidered, 
 that Mr. GatbiMiy tpeAt in dinm termi ot" the royal mbbicinb/' 
 an expreflion ttfed nh by adtfts in the eccult tciences, with whom it 
 fignHiea feme wondertul ftcret, by which dead perfens may be reftored 
 to life i and what renden the (iippiofition more yaSt, or indeed reduce 
 the matter to a certainty, »—■ ••••that Mr. Galkivay aits the exprefTioti, 
 in the viry Cune fenfe. - . . - 
 
 H Pretended ^cecb pa. I. and it. 
 
 Pretended Spbbcu pa. 44. 
 
 mm 
 
 vnum m m. i /x i w iti wun r i mtm/ t :t. mnitWW 
 
[ 
 
 mentions. 
 
 has 
 
 -and that is, 
 :s in the lame 
 our firft im- 
 s change, he 
 is valid, then 
 :, aflented to 
 luft be valid 
 
 cannot make 
 re he cannot 
 with the firft 
 fent of every 
 thefe words, 
 r kind of va- 
 » can form an 
 folution binds 
 
 thefe ahftrufd 
 to think him 
 'Hces.** What 
 r*s naming our 
 steading with 
 
 ake the nomi- 
 €ople into his 
 royal 
 
 fit i)e confidered, 
 
 OYAL MBPICINB/' 
 
 :es, with whom it 
 IIS may be reftored 
 ir inaeed reduce 
 ifesthe rxpreflign, 
 pgsCH pa. 44.. 
 
 ■^i-'-hf-r 
 
 [ V ] 
 
 royal h^nds" and afterwards " § can we ftop 
 
 the Mouths, and clofe the Eyes of all England and //- 
 mericay or prevail on his majefty, or the minifters, to 
 bury in oblivion what they have, e'er now, fo often 
 
 READ and HEARD?" 
 
 What a charming confufion, what a motley mixture 
 
 IS here of'*- ftopt mouths" " clofed eyes" 
 
 " reading and heanng" « a\.l England and Ameri- 
 
 ea'* " majefty" andminiftry. 
 
 Who that meets with fuch expreffions as thefe, and 
 has read Eccle/tafticus, can forbear admiring the truth of 
 
 that verfe, which fays f « The heart ot the fooUJh is 
 
 " like a cart-wheel 'y and his thoughts are like a follinr 
 " axle-tree:* ^ 
 
 Nothing lefs than a love of the ^* occult fciences,** 
 can give one a true relifti of thefe n^iJical lucubrations, 
 with which Mr. Galloway's piece abounds. Any perfon 
 may obferve, that his meaning z\wzys appears like an 
 
 G 2 objedt 
 
 § Pretended fpeech pa. ,7. " But, Sir, (hould we waive thefe thine*, 
 and draw our petition ma different dre«s. can we annihilate the m 
 fage» between tlie governor and artembly? Can we withdraw the gover- 
 nors proclamation.? Can we hold the hands of his majefty's gineraj. 
 whole aid we were obliged to accept, from giving the intelligence? Can 
 we ftop the moutbs»xxd dole the*,« of ali hglXid^nA AmJca, or pre" 
 ▼ail on his matejly, or the mini/fry, to bury in oblivion what they have, 
 •'er noirfo often rMi and ;ft<r<i/-./." «/ ji«vc, 
 
 ?; *U",/* Bngland" does not include tbe king and mimfirv. 
 
 Mr. Guihiviij, may indeed fay, that the exprelfion of " r^«^-, »:th 
 the mutbr u proper wh«n a man reads ahul I grant it u^^ X/ 
 ryfr,a,o«^ and therefore let it be luppoled. that Att E^g£j ^1% 
 
 =?^VcZl.'""*'-"^ """ *'"' '"'"'^ "'"''^''' like'boyl i,r; 
 Perhaps fomeperfons may thinks* more obliged to Mr. Gt,ff^^^,« 
 in thu partofwhatliecallshisfpeech, than 1 h?ve yet acknowlS 
 .myfelf to be." fince he leera. to haveainicd at an iwLm. of Ee SJ 
 expreffions.....-" Though wrlhouid keep the ftcret, can we lea* u^ 
 thehps of the proprietors ? Can we recall our meflages to the governor? 
 Can we annihilate our own relblves f Will not aO-. wdl notT«. of 
 
 q EcclefiaiUcus xxxiii. 5. • *^ ^ P*' '• 
 
 ^1 1 
 
L VI j 
 
 objeft in a mift, that renders it confufed and infUftina.. 
 which kind ot deception may caufe pcrfons Qt'we«K fight 
 fometimes to miftakc a lamb ior a //c», or Mr. GalUway 
 for a gentleman. 
 
 How remote from the plain, common mode of fpcak- 
 ing, is this fentence, * " we have pfteh attempted to 
 obtain relief /rew oppreffion from the proprietanes but 
 in vain." 
 
 The reader may gue/s at the meaning but the 
 
 writer leaves it doubtful^ whether application was made 
 to oppreffion againft the proprietors, or to the pro- 
 prietors againft oppreffion. 
 
 (( 
 
 What a beautiful obfcurity is therein this fentence ? 
 
 If, § Sir, a true reprefentation of the uncommon 
 mifchiefs which attend the liberties ot a free people, 
 •f arifing from the very nature of proprietary govern- 
 ment If a true ftate of our prefent confufion, both 
 
 in and out of our public councils \{zjuft account of 
 
 our prefent infecurjty of life and eftate, given to the 
 crown, be 2ijuSi caufe of terror, then the gentleman's 
 pannick isjuji^ But, Sir, thefe thin^s^ I conceive, are 
 rather caufes of joy^ than fear. *Tis from hence, we 
 muft hope to be relieved from our prefent unhappy 
 circumftanccs." 
 
 Now what " things'* can a reader find in this de- 
 fcription; if he is a good man, that are ** caufes ot 
 
 * Pretended fpeech. pa. 5t line x. 
 
 4 Pretended fpeech, pa. 35. 
 
 f Quzre — Whether the mifchiefs or lihtrtits arife " from the "er^ 
 nature of proprietary government V' The reader will no doubt take no- 
 tice of the pretty repetition of that little word " if' which Mr. Galk- 
 tuay feetns to have introduced with no other intention, biit to rei(:ue the 
 
 E' Dor mono(yiIable from the obfcurity, in which hard hearted author* 
 ave I'utt'ereu it to languifli-— —He has done the fame juftice in feveral 
 places to tlie merit of that other diminitive word '* opv" bt tjlfitagrti- 
 tiafarvis. Vircii.. 
 
nd in<riftinft.; 
 
 Ol WtaJs. fight 
 
 Sir. Galloway 
 
 wdeoffpeak- 
 attemptcd to 
 prietanes but 
 
 g but the 
 
 ;ion was made 
 or to the pro- 
 
 thisfentence? 
 le uncommon 
 a free people, 
 ietary govern- 
 jnfufion, both 
 juft account of 
 :, given to the 
 le gentleman's 
 [ conceive, are 
 rom hence, we 
 cfent unhappy 
 
 nd in this de- 
 »re ** caufes ot 
 
 ife «« from the very 
 ill no doubt take no- 
 F" which Mr. GaUo- 
 m, but to relcue the 
 lard hearted author* 
 tme juftice in feveral 
 ' 0P>" bitjlfiiagra- 
 
 VlRGIl^. 
 
 J 
 
 ^ tiift.V"*^'- 
 
 [ VII ] 
 
 /(^•.?" Not the public misfortunes to be fure. — -What 
 then ? Not the " reprefentation" " ftate" and " ac- 
 count" of calamities, becaufe it is faid " they are true" 
 What then can be a " caufe of joy?" Eureka' Eureka! 
 This " reprefentation" " ftate" and " account" may 
 relieve us from our prefent unhappy circumftances." 
 May they fo ? But untill we are fo delivered, if we arc 
 the inirerable people we have been defcribed, a patriot 
 in the midft of prefent misfortunes, would from an un- 
 certain profpeft of relief, hardly find ** caufe of jov" 
 tho' he might entertain fome hope. A man on the rack 
 would fcarcely feeiy*?^, tho' he might have expedadons 
 that he would fome time or other be relcafcd. 
 
 This may be called the true " twilight way of writ- 
 ing" which like the bat in the fable, keeps in the mid- 
 dle hcVNttnfenfe and nonfenfe, to the exceeding edifica- 
 tion and entertainment of thofe readers, who like para- 
 graphs that are myjierious and wordyy becaufe they fliew 
 depth and language. 
 
 Another, fentence in which Mr. CaUovmy gives the 
 
 reader a very ^ttttf Jitrprizey is that, where he fays 
 
 * " this colony has fo remarkably flourifhed, and now 
 takes off fuch vaft quantities of Englijh manufadlurcs, 
 from no other caufe but her extenjive privileges.** 
 
 How new and Jiriking is this obfervation ? Any other 
 perfon would have faid, that " the people took off fuch 
 vaft quantities by reafon of their neceffities or luxuries." 
 
 But Mr. Galloway fcorns fuch trite notions- He 
 
 cftablilhes a new domna « our extenfive privileges 
 
 take them off." if Broad-shouldered privileges ! 
 indeed. 
 
 Perhaps 
 
 - f 
 
 * Pretended fpeech^ pa. <. 
 
 t • Pretended ipeectt pajj;e 1 5. 
 
[ VIII ] 
 
 Perhaps if he Hiould write a comment on his own 
 
 text, he would fay that he meant, that the extenfiVc 
 
 privileges occafioned the fettlement of this province 
 
 and the fettlement occafioned the demand for the manu- 
 
 faftures --and fo the privileges were § Caufafine qua 
 
 non. But this argument will not extricate him fince, 
 
 if he travels fo tar backwards, the fame way of argu- 
 ing will oblige him to go ftill farther. Vox thofe 
 
 privileges would not have been granted by William 
 
 Penn unlefs Charles the fecond had firft made a 
 
 grant to ^/;» which would not have been, but for 
 
 bis father* s fervices and fo, thefe fercvies of old 
 
 admiral P«i», who died in the laft century, " now take 
 off fuch vaft quantities of Englifh manufaftures." 
 
 In this extraordinary manner does Mr. Galloway in- 
 dulge himfelf in Yn^ political reveries. Even the moft 
 fimple and common obfervations in life, utterly lofc 
 their force in his language. • 
 
 The mySJical lucubrators^ among whom he may with 
 juftice claim the prcfident*s feat, feem to he firji-cou/ms 
 to the authors of the profund ftyle. Certain it is, 
 that they are governed by the fame laws, and that 
 there is a wonderful refemblance in their produdions. 
 In order to prove this, I (hall beg leave to mention the 
 rules to be obferv'd by that numerous and venerable fo- 
 ciety, as they are defcribed by Mr. Pope^ in his learned 
 treatife HEPl baoOTS. 
 
 J " I WILL venture to lay it down, as the firft max- 
 im and corner-ftone of this our artv that whoever 
 would cxcell therein, muft ftudioufly avoid, deteft, 
 and turn his head from all the ideas, ways, and work- 
 ings of that peftilent foe to wit, and deftroyer of fine 
 
 figures, 
 
 % That is " the caufe without which the luamiriiifhurt would not 
 have been taken off." ^ 
 
 I Pope's works, vol. VI. page i-ji. 
 
 um 
 
: on his own 
 the extenfiVc 
 
 •ovince 
 
 )r the manu- 
 latifafine qua 
 
 m fince, 
 
 way of argu- 
 
 — For thofe 
 
 by William 
 
 firft made a 
 
 jcen, hut for 
 
 rcvies of old 
 
 ** NOW take 
 
 idlures." 
 
 Giilloway in- 
 
 ven the mod 
 
 utterly lolc 
 
 he may with 
 ^ firft-coufms 
 Certain it is, 
 vs, and that 
 prodiidions. 
 I mention the 
 yrenerable fo- 
 rt his learned 
 
 the firft max- 
 hat whoever 
 void, deteft, 
 5, and work- 
 oyer of fine 
 
 figures, 
 ihwfit would not 
 
 [ IX ] 
 
 figures, which is known by the name of mnnmi ftnfe. 
 His bufinefs muft be to contra«et the tnie gout de tra- 
 vers i and to acquire a moft happy, uncommon, unac- 
 (ountahle way of thinking. His defign ought to be 
 like a labyrinth^ out of which no body can get clear but 
 himfelf." ^ 
 
 Again " :f our authors of this ftyle, fhould lay 
 
 it down as a principle, to fay notbir.gin the ufual waL 
 but (if poffible) in the diredt xrontrary; dierefore the 
 figures muft be fo turned, as to manifeft that intricate 
 and wonderful caji of head, which diftinguifnes all 
 authors of this kind ; or (as I may fay) to reprefent ex- 
 aftly the mold in which they were formed, in all its in- 
 tqualilics, cavities^ obliquities^ odd crannies^ and difior- 
 tions. 
 
 " It may be obfervcd, that the world has been long 
 
 M'caiy oi natural things. How much the contrary are 
 
 formed to pleafe, is evident from the univerfal applaufe 
 
 daily given to the admirable entertainments ofHarle- 
 
 J";ns and Magicians on our ftage. When an audience 
 
 behold a coach turned into a wheel-barrow, a conjurer 
 
 into an old woman, or a man's head where his heels 
 
 fhould bej how are they ftruck with tranfport and de- 
 light?" 
 
 Yet what are all thefe, when compared with Mr 
 Galloway's changing in an iriftant a nurfe into a weapon] 
 and puttmg that weapon into the hand of its own child ? 
 Or what are they, to his forging weapons out of an eld 
 parchment^ an opinion, and arrears of quit-rents ? What 
 author of the prof uud can vie with this our Pennfylvanian 
 patriot? ' 
 
 4« 
 
 Te little flars, hide your diminifbed heads,** 
 
 X P.M'i wvrki, Tol. VI. pa. 199. 
 
 Not 
 
Not to dwell upon other inftanccs, how exquifitely 
 " Uncommon" " unaccountable" and " unnatural" is his 
 making our privileges take off all the Engli(h beer and 
 cloth imported into this province? And alfo his making 
 the king ft rip us of liberties, of which we were ftript be- 
 fore ? 
 
 ■. The great poet I have mentioned further obfrrves, 
 ** * that the manner of thefe authors forming their 
 thoughts is aided by familiariHng their minds to the 
 leweji objeSis i and exercifing them on the dregs of na- 
 ture." 
 
 1;' .. 
 
 Numberless inftances in our author's piece prove 
 how much bis thoughts have been ibrmedon this pla-i, 
 I will only mention one, where to revive and regale his 
 reader's imagination, he kindly puts him in mind of 
 z certain fweetfmelling place. 
 
 These " w^ith many other parts" of this our 
 " political inftitutor" which muft be remarked by any 
 careful perufer, are " irrefragable proofs" with what 
 diligence and fuccels, he hath ftudicd the aforefaid trea- 
 tife. 
 
 I NOW proceed to that renowned page, where the 
 whole powers of Mr. Galloway's genius are colleded in- 
 to ont dreadful fimile. 
 
 "With great propriety, (fays he) a political body has 
 
 pftenbecn compared to a human conftitution. Let usfup' 
 
 f6fex\\cn<, thAt Si luman conftitution is attacked by a via- 
 
 lent d^eai'e, the effect whereof has nearly dieftroyed the 
 
 powers of life^ and living motion^ f and nature is 
 
 § w 
 
 ■ * * . - ■ * .- * 
 
 • Mr. Pope'«wcik8>-VIvol. pa. igo. igf. 
 
 + This is a miftskc-— forit is " vital" in the original— —however 
 h-l a t<tbe hoped this error will be excufed, at. the words " vital" and 
 " living" have nearly the fame mAiilin^'.: 
 
exquifitely 
 turai" is his 
 lifti beer and 
 3 his making 
 ere ftript be- 
 
 ler obftrvcs, 
 jrming their 
 linds to the 
 dregs of na- 
 
 piece prove 
 on this pk'i. 
 ind regale his 
 
 in mind of 
 
 'of this our 
 larked by any 
 ,'* with what 
 aforefaid trea- 
 
 e, where the 
 e collefted in- 
 
 slifkal body has 
 «. Let usfitp- 
 iekedbyaviof 
 ly deftroyedxhe. 
 nd nature is 
 % no 
 
 gin al—— however 
 vords " vjital" and 
 
 I « ] 
 
 § TO longer capable of ftruggling for relief, " %wrQ\f 
 
 this human cnifiituiiou^ whofe •* vital motion as well a3 its 
 powers of life are nearly deftroyed" is now Jick enough for 
 any fimile in the world 
 
 «* Is not this the time to apply the remedy ? No ! 
 
 For it fhould have been applied before and now 
 
 nature is fo much exhaufted, may ** entirely dcftroy** 
 her-— — which frequently happens, when people will 
 venture to take phyfick from ♦* quacks** -, who are a fort 
 ofgeatry, never remarkable, before Mr. Galloway irntde 
 the difcovery, " for waiting in hopes of fome lucky 
 
 crifis" Now OR NEVER, is a motto, that fuits all 
 
 mupiria, . 
 
 ** Thb powers of legiflature truly refemble the foul, 
 which animates and diredb" not only ** the conduO"' but 
 ** the iebaviourof the political inJUtution.'* Yet thcfc 
 •f powers of legiflature trufy refembling the foul** nine 
 lines afterwards, are fo checked and controlled that they 
 are almoft annihilated** — — — poor foul! 
 
 " An upright adminiftration of jufticc refembles the 
 aSlive blood, which by its pure and uninterrupted courfc, 
 
 Ercfervcs and fupports its health and vigour." But we 
 »ve no upright adminiftration of jufl;icc m this province, 
 according to our author, and therefore by his own fi- 
 mile, rio aSive bhodlti our ^liticalin^fution. Yet Im- 
 mediately after, he fays, "in thefc two vital parts," to 
 
 H wit,' , 
 
 ^ J^ ".^^ ^ remarked by the reader, that tfi6' nature !• " m^tmrtf 
 t^ ot ftruggling7 at the biginMu^ of thiafimUe. v.t thU i. only to 
 
 heighten the dercnption a licence frequendy taken by Mr. Ga/I,. 
 
 qM».^..for before the iiinile ia fintOwd, (he '• can and does Ibuffek".^. 
 aitdtht «U]r da^r M» that « dwth wiU putanmd t» then." 
 
 ^sf- 
 
[ xri ] 
 
 wit, the • paflive foul and § afbive blood, " the fever 
 of ambition and f arbitrary power is, and has been 
 raging with unremitting violence." 
 
 Perhaps the author of this famous fimile may fay, 
 that by the, " vital parts" he means the power of le- 
 
 gifiature, and the adminiftration of juftice But this 
 
 will be a contradiction of himfelf, for he only allows 
 " an upright adminiftration of juftice" to be a vital parti 
 and as among us, " the ftrcani of jul.ice is become fo 
 tur^J and tbicky that it can no longer difcbarge its duty" 
 this " vital part" compofed of ** an upright admini- 
 ftration," is wanting. 
 
 However, ifboththefev//<r/ parts (hould be annibi- 
 latedy Mr. Galloway has allowed the fever room enough 
 to exert itfelf. " It rages, fays he, in thefe two vital 
 parts, witb matrf others." — *" Well chofen, that expref- 
 jicn^ and prudently guarded." — It rages not only in the 
 (aul of the legijlature^ and the aEtive blood of the adminiftra- 
 tion — but in MANY OTHER VITAL PARTS. Unexam- 
 pled energy of diftion ! 
 
 § IVhcn " aSlive bloods* Jhall flow in lifelefs veins. 
 The wondring world Jkall praife thy " turbid" ilrains. 
 
 Perhap* fome curious critics may be difgufted at 
 the preference Mr. Galloway gives the legiflative powers 
 over an upright adminiftratiai of juftice, in comparing 
 the firft to t ** that particle or divine air " x!i\efoul; 
 and the latter to mere matter— the bhod. — —But this 
 
 feems 
 
 • This word " paflive" it inferted here — it being fuppord, that it 
 wasoirtittedbyaiMiftalcein the original, ai Mr. GaUtnuqji has given 
 the epithet of " aftive" to the blood, in order to diftinguiih it from 
 Ibnieoppofite quality in the foul. .. „ aj-L 
 
 § C^sere if^ phyficians, furgeons or auatomiftt reckon the " attiv^ 
 blood" among the" vital parU? ' 
 f Qttsere, what is thefevcr of orW/arj^^wrrf 
 
 • Preface to pretended fpeech, paK »♦, § pUnftpi. 
 f ♦« Divinte farticulam »ur*" Horack. 
 
1, " the fever 
 and has been 
 
 lile may fay, 
 : power of le- 
 
 : But this 
 
 £ only allows 
 3e A vital parti 
 is become fo 
 rge Its duty" 
 right admini- 
 
 >uld be annibi- 
 ■ room enough 
 lefe two vital 
 rn, thatexpfef- 
 lot only in the 
 thR admimftra- 
 rs. Unexam- 
 
 [ XIII 3 
 
 feems to be too hafly a cenfure, by no means to be a- 
 dopted for it is to be obferved, that foon after, in fay- 
 ing " thefe two vital parts " he places the foul and blood 
 exaftly on a levels making them both " vital parts '* 
 without the leaji diftinSiion. Befides Mr. Galloway ^ when 
 he ufes the word " foul" or ** fpirit," does not annex 
 tht fame idea to the term, that is always annex'd by o- 
 
 thers for he talks of a ** fpirit" that may be " worn 
 
 out" and " diffolved" and to which " reviving medi- 
 cines may be adminiftred." — " And if fuch a medicine can 
 be obtained, fhall we not even attempt to obtain it, be- 
 fore the MIDNIGHT GLOOM approaches, and fatal 
 DEATH puts an end to our ftruggles?" Undoubtedly! 
 
 DoSior and if it proves a preventive againft thefe 
 
 dreadful diforders — midnight gloom and fatal death 1 
 
 fliall hereafter entertain a better opinion than I do at 
 prefent, of thofe bold pretenders, who undertake to 
 cure all difeafes " paft, prefent and to come," by a Roy- 
 al Medicine, or fome other noftrumy with the like 
 pompous title. ■ • 
 
 \ 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 ■ 
 
 felefs veins, 
 rbid" ifrains. 
 
 s difgufted at 
 lifktive powers 
 in comparing 
 air" the foul; 
 ^.__^-But this; 
 feems 
 
 ig fuppofd, that it 
 allowajf has given 
 diftinguifh it from 
 
 ckonthe " afti*^ 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 § pianft^.