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40X11 CONT.RESS, 
 2d Scssioji. 
 
 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Mis. Doc 
 No. 79. 
 
 SAN JUAN ISLAND. 
 
 c. I 
 
 MEMORIAL 
 
 OF 
 
 TTIE LEGISLATURE OF WASHINGTON TERRITORY, 
 
 KKLATIVK TO 
 
 T/ic co)iclltion of citizens of the United States 7-esiding on Sa?i Juan island. 
 
 Fr.T5KL'AUV y."), 1?()3. — Eefcrred to tlio CGininittco on tlio Judiciary fUiJ ordered to be printed. 
 
 To tlic no7iorahJe the Senate and House of Rcprescntati'-es of the United States 
 
 of America in Congress assembled : 
 
 Your mornnrialisif!, tlie legis^lutivo ai=Hombly of the Torritoiy of Wasliiiigton, 
 AvouUl respectfully roprfsent to your honorable body — 
 
 1. That by act of Congro?3 passed August 14, 184S, "all that part of the 
 United States which lies west of the summit of the Rocky ninuntains, north of 
 the forty-second degree of north latitude, known as the. Territory of Oregon, 
 shall be organized into and constitute a temporaiy government by the name of 
 the Territory of Oregon." 
 
 2. That by act of Congress passed March 2, 1853, "all that portion of Oregon 
 Territory lying and being south of the forty-ninth degree of north latitudes and 
 north of the middle of the main channel of the Columbia river, from its mouth 
 to where the forty-sixth degree of north latitude crosses said river near Wallula 
 City," &c.,"be organized into and constitute a temporary government by the 
 name of the Territory of Washington." 
 
 3. That the eastern boundary line of the Territory of Oregon included, and 
 that of Washington Territory of course includes, the island of San Juan and 
 various other islands lying between Vancouver island and Washington Terri- 
 tory, as appears by the othcial plats of the United States, and by the maps of 
 said Territory published by order of Congress. 
 
 4. That by various acts of the legislative assembly of the Territory of Wash- 
 ington, herctofcu'e passed in accordance with the powers vested in this body by 
 the organic act of said Territory, and with a strict adherence to the boundary 
 line confi^rred on said Territory by the above acts of Congress, the county of 
 Whatcom was organized, which county, with a portion of the mainland, includes 
 the island of San Juan among other islands. 
 
 5. That the island of San Juan was setfh'd partly by American citizens, in 
 part by British subjects, and that there are now, and have been for many years 
 past, a large number of citizens of the United States residing on foaid island. 
 
 6. That there is now a company of United States soldiers and one of British 
 troops stationed on said island, whose commanders claim to hold it by joint mil- 
 itary occupation, and allege that the title to said islands is in dispute betweeu 
 the governments of the United States and Great Britain. 
 
 ^U'< 
 
I SAN JUAN ISLAND. 
 
 7. Tliat prior to said alleged joint military occupation, the autlioritie3 of 
 "VVa.-<iiiii<;toii Terrirory claimed and exorciried civil and criminal jurisdiction over 
 San .Iiian and other neigliborinj; inlands; that the citizens of th(! United kStates 
 and AVas^hington Territory residing there, voted at elections held on s.aid islands 
 m accordance with the organic law of Washington Territory; that taxes Avere 
 eol!(,'ctGd from them, and that they exercised, generally, all the rights and privi- 
 leges a])pertaining to citizens of the United States resident within the boundaries 
 of the United States, and that ev(!r since the formation of said T(!rritory up to 
 th( present time, the courts of said 'I'erritory have claimed jurisdiction, both 
 civil and criminal, over said island, and have, in accordance with said jurisdic- 
 tion, entertained such actions and prosecutions as were brought before tliem and 
 rendenid judgments thereon. 
 
 8. That for the last few years, the commanders of the forces of the United 
 States stationed on said island have asserted that it was not within the jurisdic- 
 tion cf the courts of AA'ashingtou Territory at all, and have disregarded and 
 defied the process of said courts. 
 
 P. That said connuanders claim to exercise exclusive jurisdiction over the 
 citizens of the United States residing on said island ; that they deny them a 
 trial by jury, or even by court-martial, for any alleged offence, but have pun- 
 ished many citizens of the United States without a trial according to any known 
 form of law, by summarily banishing them from the island ; that the unfortu- 
 nate persons so banished have, in many instances, had large amounts of property, 
 both real (held by inchoate tithi under the laws of the United States) and per- 
 sonal, of both which, by said banishment, they were summarily de])rived and in 
 consequence ruined, being taken over to the mainland and ( jected from the boat 
 in a stat»; of complete penujy and destitution. 
 
 10. Yuur memorialists know of no law of the United States, nor of any treaty 
 entered into in due form of law with any foreign power, pi.-rmitting or justifying 
 so anomalous a condition of affairs, or such treatment of American citizens, and 
 claim that no such law or treaty is to be found on our statute books. They 
 claim that they are bound only by the law, and kn(iw of none subjecting our 
 citizens — who can in no manner forfeit their rights as citizens, except by the 
 decision of a competent legal tribunal — to either military rule or military caprici.'. 
 
 Wherefore your memorialists would most respectfully request your honorable 
 body to take such action in the premises as will setth; this vexed question, and 
 restore to citizens of the United States residing on San Juan and in the disputed 
 district, those rights of which they have been so long and unjustly deprived, 
 and yiuv memorialists will ever jiray. 
 
 Passed die house January 0, 1868. 
 
 P. P. JOIIXSOX, 
 
 Spcaicr of the House. 
 
 Passed the council January 1-3, 1S6S. 
 
 H. G. STRUVE, 
 
 President of the Council. 
 
 UxiTKD States of America, Territory of Wasltington, ss: 
 
 I, E. L. Smith, secretary of Washington, do hereljy certify that the foregoing 
 
 is a full, true and correct copy of the original memorial now on file in my otiice. 
 Witness my hand and seal of office this 30th day of January, A. I). ISGS. 
 
 [sEAL.j E. L. sMrrii, 
 
 Secretanj of ^Vllsl^irli^toll Territory. 
 
SAN JUAN ISLAND. 
 
 alleged joint inilitivry occupation, tlift aulliorities of 
 iiiied and oxerciried civil and criminal jnrir'dictioii over 
 boring irilands ; that the citizens of tin; United States 
 ' residing there, voted at elections held on said islands 
 i;'anic law of Washington Territory; that taxes weri' 
 hat tliey exercised, generally, all the rights and privi- 
 ns of the United State's resident within the boundaries 
 that ever since the fonnation of said Territory u]) to 
 rts of said Territory have claimed jurisdiction, both 
 id island, and have, in accordance with saitl jurisdic- 
 )ns and i»rosecutions as were brought before them and 
 >n. 
 
 *' years, the commanders of the forces of the United 
 land have asserted that it was not within the jurisdic- 
 diingtou Territory at all, and have disregarded and 
 .•ourts. 
 
 ers claim to exercise exclusive; jurisdiction over the 
 ites residing ou said island ; that they deny them a 
 court-martial, ff)r any alleged offence, but have pun- 
 L'nited States without a trial according to any known 
 ►' banishing them from the island ; that the unfortu- 
 ive, in many instances, had large; amounts of property, 
 
 title und(,'r the laws of the United States) and per- 
 lid liuuishment, they were summarily deprived and in 
 taken over to the mainland and ejected from the boat 
 KT and destitution. 
 
 :n()w of no law of the United States, nor of any treaty 
 ' law with any foreign power, pi.-iniitting or justifying 
 )f affairs, or such treatment of American citizens, and 
 treaty is to be found on our statute books. They 
 [ only by the law, and know of nont; subjecting our 
 nanner forfeit their rights as citizens, except by the 
 il tribunal — to either military rule or military caprice', 
 alists woidd most respectfully request your honorabh; 
 
 1 the premises as will settle this vexed question, and 
 lited States residing on San Juan and in the disputed 
 ich they have been so long and unjustly depiived, 
 ever jn'ay. 
 
 ry 0, 1S6S. 
 
 ary 15, ISGS. 
 
 r. B. JOHXSOX, 
 
 Speaker of ihe House. 
 
 H. G. STRUVE, 
 
 president of the Council. 
 
 ICA, Territory of lV(is7ii?)gto>/, ss : 
 
 of Washington, do hereby certify that the foregoing 
 ipyof the original memorial now on file in my ottice. 
 afof olHce this 30th day of January, A. U. 1868. 
 
 E. L. SMITH, 
 Secretar't of ^Vashvni^ton Territory.