CIHM Microfiche Series (l\Aonographs) ICI\/IH Collection de microfiches (monographies) Canidiin Institute for Historic.! IWicroroproductioni / In.titut Canadian da microraproduction. hiatoriqua. 996 Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes technique et bibliographiques The Institute tias attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming are checked below. Coloured covers / Couverture de couleur I I Covers damaged / ' — ' Couverture endommagte I I Covers restored and/or laminated / — Couverture restauree et/ou pelliculee r~| Cover title missing / Le titre de couverture manque I I Coloured maps / Cartes geographiques en couleur I I Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black) / Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) I I Coloured plates and/or illustrations / PlarKhes et/ou illustrations en couleur I I Bound with other material / — Relie avec d'autres documents I I Only edition available / I — I Seule edition disponible I I Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin / La reliure serree peut causei Je I'ombre ou de la distorsion le long de la marge interieure. I I Blank leaves added during restoratrans may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have bB&n omitted from filming / II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajout^s lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela etait possible, ces pages n'ont pas etS lilmees. L'Institut a microfilm* le meilleur examplpire qu'il lui a 6te possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exem- plaire qui sont peut-6lre uniques du point de vue bibli- ographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite. ou qui peuvent exiger une modifications dans la m«h- ode normale de filmage sont indiques ci-dessous. I I Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur I I Pages damaged/ Pages endommagtes I I Pages restored and/or laminated / — Pages restaurees et/ou pellknjiees rn. Pages discoloured, stained or foxed / '-'^ Pages decolorees, tachetees ou piquees I I Pages detached/ Pages detachees FT' Showlhrough / Transparence I I Quality of print varies / ' — ' Qualiie inegate de I'impression rn Includes supplementary material / Comprend du materiel supplementaire r~] Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image / Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont ete filmees a nouveau de fafon a obtenir la meilleure image possible. I I Opposing pages with varying colouration or discolouralions are filmed twice to ensure the best possible image / Les pages s'opposant ayant des colorations variables ou des decol- orations sont filmees deux lois afin d'obtenir la meilleur image possible. D Addtionat comments / Commentaires supplementajres: This item is f ilmad at the rtduciion ratio chtcfcao beiow/ Cc documant tst filmi au uux de raduction tndiqui ct-^fessow. 10X ^■■H 14X 1IX 22X MX »x J ux 16X XX 2*X 28 X vt Th« copy filmed har* has baan raproduead thanka to tha ganarotitv of: Hamilton Public Library Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha bait quality poaaibia eonaidaring tha condition and lagiblNty of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha filming contract apacif icationa. Original copiaa in printad papar covara ara fllmad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- «ion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All othar original copiaa ara filmad baginning on tha firat paga with a printad or illuatratad Impraa- aion, and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraaaion. Tha laat racordad frama on aach microf leha ahall contain tha tymbol — ^ (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha tymbol ▼ (moaning "END"), whiehavar appliaa. IMapa, plataa. charta. ate. may ba filmad at diffarant raduction ratio*. Thoaa t o larga to ba antiraly inciudad in ona axpoaura ara filmad baginning in tha uppar iaft hand cornar. laft to right and top to bottom, a* many framaa aa raquirad. Tha following diagrama iiluatrata tha mathod; 1 2 3 1 2 4 5 L'ammplaira fUm4 (ut raproduit grica i la gtiiAroaitA da: Hmiilton Public Library Lat imagat suivantat ont ttt raproduitat avac la plua grand tain, eompta tanu da la condition at da la nattata da I'axamplaira filma. at an eonformlta avac laa condition* du contrat da nimaga. Laa axamplairaa origlnaux dont la couvartura an papiar aat imprimaa sont filmaa an commandant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant loit par la darnitra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'lmpraaaion ou d'illuatration. loit par la lacond plat, aalon la caa. Toua la* autra* axamplairas originaux lont filma* an commandant par la pramMra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'lmpraaaion ou d'illuatration at an tarminant par la darnMra paga qui comporta una taila amprainta. Un daa lymbola* auivant* tpparaitra *ur la darnMra imaga da ehaqua mieroflcha, salon la caa: la aymbola — » aignifia "A SUIVRE". la aymbola ▼ aignlfia "FIN". La* cartaa. plancha*. tablaaux, ate. pauvant itra nimto t da* taux da reduction difftrants. Loraqua la documant aat trop grand pour atra raproduit an un *aul clichA. il a*t filma * partir da I'angia *up4riaur gaucha. da gaucha i droita, at da haut an bai, an pranant la nombra d'imaga* naca**aira. La* diagrammaa suivant* illuatrant la mAthoda. 2 3 5 6 MICtOCOrV HESOIUTION IBT OMIIr (ANSI ond ISO TEST CHABT No. J| gl^H^ J APPLIED IM/IGE 165 J (7t6) E05l 482 Mail St. - 0300 - P«o, U609 uy (716) ^m - 5989 - Fo. 4 ^ ,DD1 .v'lSI Lo,_; ]s\4 ADDRESS OF Sir Edmund Walkek, C.V.O. PRKSIDENT vr Tim Canadian Bank up CoMMilKtr; DetlVERGD AT TH8 ElUMTH ANNUAL BANgUHT OF TIIj; CANADIAN Cl.CH OF N'uw York, on tiik 12tii Novembicii, 1UI2. 1 appreciate very highly the a>mplinicnt you have paid me in allowing me to respond to this toast. When the first dinner of the first Canadian Club was held at Hamilton, in Ontario, about twenty years ago, I had the honour t(» respond to the toast of "Canada." Since that time, in scores of Canadian clubs, on countless occasions, the virtues and the defects of that dear land have been discussed. If its \ irtuis have been insisted upon too much and its defects twi slightly regarded, tha'. is but human, and the total good arising from these n ;w avenues of approach to the minds of our busy men can hardly be measured. Statesmen charged with the highest duties in the Empire, writers, publicists — indeed, most men of note who visit Canada — are persuaded, sooner or later, to deliver a message to our people, which almost always has some bearing on our immediate development as a nation or on the development of that great experiment, the British Empire. Three weeks ago, at our Canadian Club ' '..icheon in Toronto, the guest was our Governor-General, H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught. He had just returned from a continuous journey in the Canadian West, covering over 10,000 miles and lasting nearly three months. The gentleman who proposed the health of the Duke said of him, with warmth and sincerity, that he was happy in possessing, at the same time, the dignity of a prince, the sympathy of a democrat, and the fine courtesy of an English gentleman. Well, that description of the late King's brother will do for the text of what I wish to say alxuit Canada. We are as fiercely determined to secuie and maintain our riglits as individuals and as political communities as any people in the world. Put, if possible, we propose to en- joy these rights without losing our reverence for the great past to which we are heirs, without losing the lessons of a great history, the line features of which ut not always pre- served in our modem democracies, without renouncing our right to share in the troubles and the triiunphs of that great Empire which, separated though they be by seven seas, the mother of nations and her five yoimg cubs are trying to im- prove and to keep intact as the greatest political c .d social enterprise in the history of the world. Since the French Revolution many nations, e-pecially Latin nations, have built theh- hopes upon constitutions in which the rights of man are set forth with much pomp and logic, but in these countries the enjoyment of real liberty has often been in inverse pr i- portion to the declarations of thi constitution. Tne political and social enterprise of the British Empire rests on no pre- tension " that all men are erected equal," but the practice of the British Empire is to measure out " equal and exact justice to all men, of whatever state or persuasion, religious or political," and of whatever colour. The condition of human liberty, tLe admin.'stration of government, and other aspects of society, ore far from perfect in the British Empire — ^fuU of inconsistencies and, doubtless, impossible of statement m any written constitution — ^but, as they are, they provide the most humane and beneficent conditions of life ever experienced in any of the countries comprised in the Empire. Nothing, however, in the British Empire being perfect even in theory, we may hope to contmue in the future, as in "he past, slowly moving into a larger uay of civilization, keeping always in the van of human progress. The Canadian who has lived in the United States, who has formed strong bonds of affection there, and who watches with keen sympathy the development of that great nation, must often ponder over the fact that Amer'cans of British descent value as their most precious possession the liberties arising from their separation from the old land, while Cana- dians value as their most preciuus possessiim every tic that binds them to it. If he has studied the volumes on the "Origins of the British Cole ia! System" by George Louis Beer, one o. the brilliant students of Columbia, he will how- ever realize that the vario js communities forming the British Empire have arrived at their present relatiois of mutual regard by an irregular and painful progress, ,'iU of bi.ter experience, beginning with the selfish exploitation of the colonies by monopolist traders and arrested in the midst of a too slow development of colonial liberty by the loss of the United SUtes. The loss of this great country wu terrible indeed, but it is quite pos8tl> that but for that loss there would be no British Empire to-day. It would be foolish for any one *o ■uppo^e thai those colonists who remained loyal were careless about huerty, but with their love of liberty they combined a reverence for the past which made them take counsel with their patience. Early in the eighteenth century those steps in tb<> development of parliaments began in British North America which, widening in area so as to inctudL all the white and some of the dork races, and advancing gradually in autonomy, have now placed the Overseas Dominions in the positioi. nations co-operaing with Great Britain in schemes for the defence of the Empire, schemes which when realized, will doubtless be accompanied by a corresponding share in the shaping of the foreign policy of the Empire. Can you wonder that in otu- years of struggle for success we were patient with the motherland, which acted as banker and watchman for us? Rather wonder at her patience as, decade by decade, we advanced some new claim for autonomy and, because of our importunity, obtained it. And now, regarding .lanada as a nation, with its face clearly s<;t towards its goal — a shaie in the defence and government of the British Empire — let us consider her advantages and iifTiculties. I remember that in speaking, a few years ago, at the Chamber of Commerce dinner in New York, I tried to explain to an auil'fnce mainly of Americans the reasons why Canada comes forward as an important natiun just about one hundred yrar^ later than the United States, but to an audience of Canadians no explanation is necessary. It is rnoUKh that in thcw days we represeut more at least than any country, in the northern hemisphere, that golden Opportunity which the adventurers of the world are always seeking. In the extent of our sea coasts, our lakes and rivers, our mountains, our forests, our fields in thousands of valleys and uplands and prairies, and in the rich harvests to be gained eventually fr«m them all, we are not surpassed by any country, but we have much, indeed, to do before we arrive at our full stature as a nation. The figures of our commerce arc, naturally, as much smaller than the United States as our population is smaller, and I, for one, neither expect nor hope that our population will ever be as large. We are a northern country, and in almost everj- effort we put forth we have to overcome the difficulties caused by our winter, and must also bear the loss of the forces of nature which lie dormant in that season. We have not even a com belt, much less the many sub- tropical products of the United States, although we may hope to improve this somewhat when the West Indies join the Nortli American Confederation of the Empire. But need I say to any man vho has tasted the joys of a Canadian winter that we would not exchange it for all the sub-tropical countries in the world? In the effort called forth for the development of our national resources in our northern climate lies the assurance of our national character. Whether we ever have a population of a hundred millions or not is immaterial. What is material is that we should be in character and endowments as a people one of the strongest races in the world, fit, let us hope, if England ever declines from her high estate, which God forbid, to take her place as the centre of the power and the civilization of the Empire. Let us turn for a moment to some of the details of our national life. For many years we have been enjoying an extraordinary prosperity. This is largely due to an immi- gration which exceeds in the proportion of the newcomer to thow already in the countiy anytliiiiK ever kn>wn txfore Thii proportion is about five imminrants per year to each hundred already in Canada. If that icale in "iplied to the t'nited Statei, you wilt realize that nur pnihlim u( assimi lation, of transportation, o 'and prfparatiim and of housinj;, is greater by far than Hk United States has ever hod to confront. In the enormous cost of li nessing the country for this ever-growing army of settlii , the savings of the Canadian people, now very lirgr, are quickly absorbed, and, in addition, we are among the largest borrowers in the London market. W'p need at the moment in addition to our own savings ovi 3^00,(100,0(1)1 annually for our material development, and we get almost all of it from the dear old mother, who now ranks us first in credit amoni; the borrowing nations fur whom she acts as banker. Without this stream of new capital, the stream of immigra tion would be greatly les.sened, but, unir we have a wide spread European war, I do not believe will be checked, except temporarily, whe: .he over-eagei son asks too much from the indulgent mother, and thus justifies reproof. It looks as if on the material side we shall continue to prosper, and it behoves us to see that in this widespread prospei < - the loaves and fishes are so divided that national harmi ' and not discord is the result. We are endeavouring to buiid up an industrial community of the same kind as that of the United States or Great Britain. We do not wish to be merely an agricultural or merely a manufacturing people, either in the East or in the West. To-day the West is, natur- ally, mostly agricultural and pastoral, and it is served mostly by the Eastern manufacturer. This is the cause of discon tent, as it has been in the United States. Wo can already, however, see the beginning of manufacturing in the West, and we shall rapidly repeat the history of many Western cities in the United States, which in one generation from mere markets for farm produce develoj. i into busy manu- facturing centres. Until this time arrives we must by frequent conference and {rank argument maintain as fair relations as are possible. All must bear their share in sup- porting the cost of government, including that part in har- nessing the country which falls upon the government, and cannot be accomplished by private enterprise. What is more difficult than harmonizing the results to men's pockets is the question of making Canadians of all these newcomers. In the schools of Winnipeg between twenty-five and thirty languages are used in the effort to teach all the children our English language. In an adver- tisement of a Canadian bank I notice that its business is set forth in ten languages. We speak of "assimilation," but, as I recently heard an able Westerner say, "How can you talk of assimilation when the newcomers outnumber the Canadians ? ' ' This they do in many parts of the WeL -.. And yet, as we perform the great task of finding for each new community the shopkeepers, doctors, lawyers, ministers, school teachers, bankers, and all that go to make the human Itadership in a community, and as we begin to apply to these strangers the principles of law and order which have made our cotmtiy a shir-ig light among new countries, we must do it all with the assurance that such leadership and such law will shape the minds of countless people from Europe and the United States, and make of them, as it has already done in many most conspicuous cases, not merely good Canadians, but loving and rt "rent believers in the uecessity of preserving and upbuilding the great British Empire. A Canadian does not need to be of British birth to join fervently in that prayer of Tennyson which epitomises the Englishman from Drake and Frobisher to those who, like Roberts and Beresford, are opposing the little Englander to-day: "We sailed wherever ship could sail. We founded many a mighty state. Pray God our greatness may not fail Through craven fears of being great."