^ ^ ^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 1.1 ■ 45 150 u Ik 1^ I2i^ US ■it 14.0 11.25 III 1.4 III 2.0 1.6 Photographic Sdences Corporation ^ N? \ <^ 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716)872-4303 .V Cp % CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICMH Collection de m Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproduotlons hlitorlquat Tschnical and Bibliographic Notas/Notas tachniquas at bibliographiquas Tha Inatituta haa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction. or which may aignificantly changa tha uauai mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. L'Inatitut a microfilm* la maillaur axamplaire qu'il lui a M pottibia da sa procurar. 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Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplimentaires; Docket title page it bound in at latt page in book but filmed at firtt page on fiche. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film* au taux da reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X y 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X ■^rmx f''i«^ Th« oopy fllm«d har* hat b—n raproduead thanks to tha ganaroaity of: L'axamplaira filing fut raproduit grica A la gAnAroaitA da: Nflw Bruntwick MuMum Saint John Tha imagaa appaaring hara ara tha baat quality possibia eonaidaring tha condition and laglbllity of tha original eopy and in icaaping with tha filming contract spacif teationa. Original copiaa in printad papar covara ara fllmad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha iaat paga with a printad or illuatratad impras- tion. or tha bade covar whan appropriata. 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Las diagrammes suivants illuatrant la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 i :§ n C &: 45 ^ (^ ^ o c C* ^ c H 1 ^ o o « 3 M i^ ft; f* « -- •^. c 9» C ^ V4 a cr *o I 2; ^ r- c c n o t? *^< c •■^ C ■^«' H a. ft) o c e a i > 2 e *^ a" n r r- c ^ c 93 2 %J IT 00 ?»- T s^ W P3 c a -3 ft; I c c !* m a i-i ta-'t<-#*«^ EMIGRATION. RETURN to an Address of the Honourable The Mouse of Commons, dated 4th March i8j8 \—for 'i Copy of the REPORT, laid before the Colonial Department by Lieut. Colonel Cockbum, on the subject of Emigration , together with the Instructions received from that Department on 26 January 1827- Colonial Department, 1 Downing-Street, 7th March 1828. j 1 ■. F. L. GOWER. Ordered, by Tlie House of Commons, to he Printed, 10 March 1828. INSTRUCTIONS. % (Copy.) SIR. Downing-Street, 26tli January 18J7. / IT has been thought cxi)edient that measures should be taken for 300,000 Acres of Waste Land \k\\v^ surveyed, and other necessary arrangements mode for the reception in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward's Island, during the ensuing Autumn, of 2,000 Emigrants, heads of families, (say 10,000 souls,) in the event of such a measure licing finally decided upon by His Majesty's Govern- ment; and Lord Uuthurst having selected you as ant person to carry these arrange- ments into effect, nnd to perform such further services as are hereinafter expressed, you are to consider yourself as appointed a Cummix.siuncr for said purposes, and to be governed in tlie performance of your duties by the following Instructions. You are to proceed without delay to Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward's Island, and aller consulting on the subject of these Instructions with the respective Lieutenant CJovcrnors of those Provinces, you will proceed to the districts which under all circumstances appear best suited to the purposes of Settle- ment, with a view of ascertaining, previous to any surveys or other arrangements being made, that not only the situation is eligible, but that the quality of the land is such as to ensure the means of ultimate success to any industrious settler who may be placed thereon. In ultimately forming ynur detcnuinatiou on this part of your In.structions, you will keep in mind the gix>ut advantage to be derived from placing the new Settlements as near as possible to inhabited [Htrtsof the country. The total quantity of land to be thus laid out under your directions is not to exceed 300,000 Acres ; in fixing the proiwrtion for each Province, you must be guided by infornuition to be obtained on the sjwt. Having fixed on the situation and «litormiucd the quantity of land to be surveyed and laid out in each Province, and made the necessary arrangements for eflccting the latter, you will a.scertain the must eligible place of disemliarkatiun for the proportion of settlers intended to be sent there ; you will also take measures for insuring the means of removal being piovided for them and their baggage, from the place of disembarkation to the place of Settlement. It will also be necessary that u supply of one month's provisions siiould be actually received, and put into store at the place of Settlement, previous to the arrival of the Emigrants, as likewise that there is a due proportion at the point |0(). A of t COLONEL COCKBURNS INSTRUCTIONS of diienibarkktion, and the mcann of supplying thcni on tlic route from thence to the place of destination. The food to bo inued to the settlers nniiit he sufficient, and of good and whole- some quality ; but in fixing the particular dcscriptiun of which the ration is to hv composed, you must be governed by local circumMtaiices, always recollecting, that where a saving can be made to the public, without injury to the settler, a material and manifest advantage will result. You are aware that the question of Emigration has not as yet been decided, and that the service you arc now employed upon is rather of a precautionary than of a definitive character. It would, therefore, be highly desirable, unless you shall have received more distinct instructions to that effect, that the arrangement for the supply of food and conveyance should, as much as possible, be made contingent on the actual arrival of Emigrants ; always, however, understanding, that there must be no sort of risk or doubt as to these articles being actually i'orthcoming when required. You will make inquiries as to the quantity, price, and description of such agri- cultural implements, and other articles generally re(|uirc'l by settlers, as could be provided in the Colonics. As it may, however, turn out more advisable to send those articles direct from England, you will not enter into any conclusive arrange- ments for their supply, except in the instance of felling axes, with respect to which as their construction is better understood in the ('olonies than at home, you may use your own discretion. You will take mca'tiires for insuring that there arc practicable communications from the old to the new Settlements ; and as the pros|ierity of the Emigrants must be so dependent on the state of the roads in their immediate vicinity, you are par- ticularly directed to give all due attention to this article of your instnictions. For the better preservation of the provisions, you will make such arrangements for putting up storehouses, and clearing and fencing a few acres round them, as you may see fit. You will supply yourself with such maps, plans, and diagrams of the different provinces, districts, and townships as may he best calculated to show, in the clearest point of view, the relative position of the new Settlements where you intend to place the Emigrants who may be eventually sent out, the extent to whicli surveys have been actually made, and the extent to whith the hinds linvc been disposed of, dis- tinguishing as far as possible those which liiivc been granted and settled from those which have been granted and neglected. The wutcr tomniimicatioiis should also be described with all possible clearness uiul iucuracy ; and tlie falls nnd rnpid.s, as affording eligible spots for the erection of mills and the cstahlishincnt of village!), should be distinctly |>ointcd out. It might also be useful to obtain some general information as to the population, price of labour, and value per acre of uncleared lands, in the dillerent townships. It will be expedient that, in concurrence with the gncmoi-s, you should select the persons who are to form the settling department, wTiether as superintendents or otherwise, in the diilerent Colonies, usini; great caution to make a due selection for so important a trust, and fully explaining that all such appointments are to be clearly understood as entirely contingent on the actual arrival of settlers. You will perceive that the foregoing Instructions allude more particularly to Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward's Island, to which provinces the arrangements for the eventual conveyance of Emigrants are at present confined. When you shall have performed the service herein pointed out to you in the above- named provinces, and shall have made a report of what you have done in obedience to this part of your instructions, you will proceed to Lower and Upper Canada, where you will in like manner communicate your instructions to tne Clovemor General in the one, and to the Lieutenant Governor of the other ; with the former you will consult on the subject of Emigration generally, and on all points connected with the dispasal or settlement of the ungianted and unimproved lands in the dif- ferent (.'olonies. From both Lower and Upper Canada you will bring home similar topographical information to that already dcMribcd as being required from the other provmces. These AND RKPORT ON EMIOKATION. $ Thcfc initructiona will insure you the awiituice and co-opention of all jpenoiu in authority in the Colonici, whether civil or military ; and the Surveyor Uenoral and other provincial otliccr!i will be directed, by the persons ndniininturing tlio re- fi|M>ctive govcrninentH, to supply you with such dueuuients m you niav require, the better to enul>le you to fulKI the duties thus entrusted to you ; uiid should you re- quire any of the books, plans, diagninis, cstiniutes, or other documents, appertaining or referring to the former settling department, and in possession of the deputy qunrtcrmuster general, or other military ortance. It is to be hoped that the several Colonial legislatures will provide the funds necessary for surveying the lands and constructing the roods withm their respective provinces, or it may, perhaps, be so arranged as to pay for the surveys by a per ccntage on the land, the same as has lately been uone in Upper Canada ; at all events, however, it is to be expected that the expenditure to be incurred under these instructions shall not exceed £. 10,000. Diractions will be sent by the Lords Commissioners of His Majesty's Treasury to the senior officers of the Commissariat Department in the provinces where you may be resident, to supply yon, under the authority and directions of the persons therein commanding the forces, with such sums as you may from time to time require in the |K'rformance of the above-named services, it being, however, understood that you are previuiisly to submit a written requisition to the inspection and consideration of the person commanding the forces, pointing out the cause of your requiring such sum, or the jmrticular disbursements you are about to make with it. In proceeding from one province to uuother, you will provide yourself with certi- ficates, signed i)y the counnander of the forces, showing the total amount you have received in each. You will be allowed to charge your travelling and other ex|)enses while employed on this service, and on your return to England, the amount of remuneration for the services you have |)erformed will be decided on. I am, &c. (signed) R. W. IIORTON. Copy of a LE'ri'Ell from Lieutenant Colonel Cockburn to the Right Honourable It. W. Horlon. SIR, 1 8, Half Moon Street, 1 7th September 1 827. MY Letters of the 8th April from Halifax, of the 30th same month from Miramichi, and again from Halifax of the 15th June, will have informed you, up to the latter of those dates, of the progress I had made towards the fulfilment of the instructions under which I was sent out. Convinced, however, of the import- ance of making myself fully understood, and anxious that the information afforded should be as collective as possible, I shall, in commencing the general report which it now becoii.es my duty to prepare, return to the period of my first arrival in Nova Scotia. On the 3d of April I landed at Halifax, and immediately put myself in com- munication with Sir James Kempt, to whom I submitted my Instructions, and from whom I obtained the necessary authorities for being furnished by the Surveyor (ieneral, and all other officers of the province, with every information and assistance in their jxiwer to afford, touching the service on which I was employed. Ills Excellency, however, stated at once, that in his opinion, the numerous grants 109. A 2 of COI.ONKL COCKIIUKN'S INSTIUU "TK NS of land alrcaily mnilo in Nnvu St'H nC i'\tt'ii>ivt' cminialnm. I lif ciiriTt'ttH'M of thii opinion, you will ihtci'ivo, i* almiidiuiily in ilimicl l>y tlii' iiiap nt Novii Srotia hiTfwith trunsniittcd ; and «lii« li, liy ni< aiis nl' it> dilU ii iil mloiii'*, txhiliits at on*- view the relalivt Mitualion, (\ti'iil,aiid ijuaiity ol all llur|Mis<' oi' p-nenil ri-lerence, thili, in Appin.lix, A. 'fho large space remaining vaeant in the eounties of .\nntt|H)lis, Shelhurne, Queen, "' '' and I.unenhurgh, all aeeounts a^ree in dixrihin^ as generally int'Tseeted with lakes, ponds, nn'ks, and barrens ; and the iin;;ranted lands in Cumherlaud, par- ticularly in the neighbourhood of the ('olH-(|ui(l Sjouiitaiii, thou;;h well tindiered, are known to Ite rocky, and but little sought after. W ere Ijuigrants, however, to Ik? .sent out in small numbers, there are, doubtless, sonu' parts of Nova .Scotia well calculated for their reception, 'i'he township of .Maxwelton in the county of I'ictoii, Srt hit Ptport in for instance, contains, according to the statement oi .Mr. Cirnir, the deitnty the Ap|icmiis, A. gun'cyor of the district, 40,1)00 acres of good vacant land, and e.isy of acces.s, either from the (Julf of St. Lawrence or the Atlantic Ocean. The county of .Sydnev, in- cluding the ailjacent parts of the county of Ilalil'ax, Mr //'(7//ii ()/■/// 7'(////o/-. the deputy surveyor of tlie district, states as containing ijci,o(ni acres of good vacant land, which are also well iiituated liir sctllemeiit ; it should, however, be observed, that the luitcr are by no nieaii.s in one block, and the Surveyor (ieneral think.s their ijuan- tity may be rather over rated. Information was also obtained of some other tracts of vacant good land of nearly similar extent, though not of such easy access, as likewiHc of many smaller parcels in various parts of the province ; but in no inntanee could I discover any one connected tract of sufficient importance to justify my incurring the exjH'nse of having it explored, (ireat part of the foregoing information wan acquired subsecpient to my first leaving llalitax; [irevioiis however to so doing, I had heard and seen sufficient to convince me that Xeu lininsMulx afforded a much finer field for extensive emigration than Xoxa Stulin, and under this impression I was induced at an early period ol my iii(|iiiries to direct my iittention to the relative advani.iges of the different situations of the various and extensive tracts of land known to be vacant in the former province. In this, .IS in every other part of the service I was employed on, I received the most valuable advice and assistance from Sir .lames Kempt, and I can offer no stronger proof of the superior advantage attached to the situation ultimately lixetl upon, than by stating it to have been pointed out by his lixcellency, nut only as the one in Hritish .North .America of the greatest importance to have settled, l)Ut provided the l.iiids turned out good, as the most likely to conduce to all the purpose's re<|iiirid. Having completed my preparatory arrangements in Halifax, I proceeded on the Kith of .\pril, on my journey towards New Hruiiswirk. by the way of Windsor, Annapolis, and Digby, which afliirdeil me the gratiticalion of seeing u succession of beautiful aud extensive settlements, and the means of obtaining much imprtant and practical information ; besides, by taking this route fnm Halifax, and that of Onslow, Truro, I'lctoii, and (iuysborough in iflNniiii^, I insured to myself the advantage of passing through the greater and more valuable parts of both provinces, previous to offering any decided opinion on the subject of my mission. (>n the 1:5th of April I reached St. .h.hn's. New I5iiinswick. wIk re I was de- tamed until the u.th, owing to ilic river not lu'ing considered sufficiently clear of he to adniit . f the steam boat jroin-.' up and the road being at this season (as 1 bilicve Se* hit Plan niiil Ili'pori in tlic A|'|»'ndix, A. Nil. ,t. el ml ell til AND RI'PORT ON KMIGIIATION. irly every iliiipnMihli' HK of thin iivii Scdliii )ltH .it Dili- hruii){hout III wiirriiiit 1 mil fully 1 Ih' foiinil tn itit iiini- Iiii« itun for V. S<'()lin, mill the ninpi ri'inninin^ iii^ to tliu III be found •no, Quciii, «'ftnl with biiiil, |>ar- inl)iii'(l, ail' iver, to Ik! Si'iitiii will y of I'ii toll, till- tk'jHity icess, I'lthiT Syle. Thu delay wan the more to be Ininented, an Sir Howard Douglas wnM at Frederieton, and I felt averio to making in(|uirieii ivithin the limits ot his government previouM to having obtained hu authority for to doing. I'he time, however, wns by no means hist, lor through the kind attention of Mr. Wcdilerhurne, secretary to the New Brunswick Agricultural ^'^','J,""j;j^'"v,.j. mid Kmigraiil SiKi«'ty, I was put in possession of some interesting and useful facts 7ert,urn», .L'liprt' rexiH'cting the progress of several emigrants who had been placed upon thtir lundit m \iaj iHiv. in under liU iuiniediate observation. '•'• App^mlu. ». Nu. I. Mr. Minette, adefnity surveyor, of whom very favourable mention had been made ti) me, being also at St. .John's, I obtained from him much positive and satisfactory information coiHeriiing that part of the eonntry between the Miramichi llivcr and Nepisigit on the Hay of Chaleur, through which the propetween Halifax and (Quebec is to run, and which Mr. Minette had been employed to explore and mark out. On the 'i?/// April I reached Kretlt ricton, and was received by .Sir Howard Douglas witli that cordiality and kindness which are the best and most gratifying assurances of future en operation and support. The heads of all his public depart- ments were in like manner ready and anxious to afford every information in the line of their respective employments ; but to Captain Hurd, the Surveyor Ciencral of the I'rovince, and to Mr. liuillie, the Commissioner of Crown Lands, my thanks are more particularly tlue ; indeed, I know not how sutficiently to express my iic- kiiowieilgnieiits tor the important and continued assistance they uHbrdcd me ; no means were left untried, no exertion simred by them to supply me with the best and most extensive iiiliiniiation ; in fact, tliey seemed identified with the service I was employed on. and as deeply interested in its success us I was myself. Thus aided in tlie iii(|iiiries I had to make, the |)eri(Ml of my stay at Frederieton was materially lessened: and on tlie J^d April, backed by the fullest approval of Sir Howard Douglas in all I was doing, (for his Kxcellency entirely agreed as to there being every lea.soii (iir preferring the tract between I'etecoudiac and Miramichi to all others forcoiiiui(iuiiigoii,)aiid provided with every tlescription of information judged likely to lie useful, I crossed the St. .lohii's river, and proceeded on my journey. I should iiieiitidu, that aiiioiigst the documents taken with me from Frederieton was a map of New llrmisNvick coiii|iiled with the minutest care from the records, plans and reports in the ditlerent otiices, and the oral informatinn of persons best acquainted with the nature anil description of the lands throughout the province. This map, nhi( li was prepared in the surveyor general's office for the express purpo.sc of ossisting the ileseriplioii of iiiquiry I was employed to make, proved of the greatest service; and a copy of it made out in like manner, under Captain Hiird's immediate direc- tion, was sent forward with my letter of the 15th .lune. Mr. Ilaillie and Captain llui'il would have accoinpunied me through the parts of New Brunswick I had still to visit, if their ollleial duties could have been so arranged as to have admitted of their so long absence from the seat of government, without danger of inconvenience to the public service. The ri.sk, however, was thought too great ; and it was there- fore arranged that .Mr. Smith and Mr. Beckwith, the former the confidential assistant in the sur\'eyor general's offii c, and the latter in the Crown Commissioners, should be attached to my party, with directions to remain as long as I might find occasion for their services j and this was deemed the more rei|uisite, not only from the very general knowledge possessed by those gentlemen of every part of the province, and the e()iisei|ueiit assistance they would be competent to afford, but with a view of enabling them on returning to Frederieton to explain the object and extent of any measure 1 might find it right to udo|>t, and thus, as far as po.ssible, prevent the chance of'niisuiider.staniliiig, in the event of future corres{)oiidence with their respec- tive departments. Mr .Maclauchlan (anofTireron the half-pay of the late 104th regiment, and distin- guished lor his •,'reat zeal niid activity in I'ppor Canada, where he was severely wouiiileil), having licen reconuneiiiled by Sir Howard Douglas to fill the situation of fiiperiuteiulent, should riiii;i;nitioii take|>lace toany part of New llruuswick, I judged 11 .iilvisiilile to piocure this i^eiitleiiian's a.ssistance ilining the remainder of my tour tlirougli the province, ileeiuiiig it of first-rate loii.sequence to afford him sofuvuurablc III! ()|ipoitunity of becoming acquainted with airangenu'iits making in reference to a service, the details of which, if it ever took eticct, were to be placed under his 1 1 ';). A J sujH;rintendencc ; $ rOLONEI. ('fK'Kni'RN'S INSTRUCTIONS (uperintendfnro ■, »nil well knowiiitf, frcmi In* Kniit cttimhilitiiH mid rxpcrioiin' M a iiumyor, that he wiw fully <|«ttliHi'J «o »'orw»nl niiil take part in the inquiiici I wui making. The (lirtiincf fn>m I'mlt-rii ton to ( hiithmii, tin- port :iiiil piiiui|Nil town on the Mirumichi rivi-r, it nlimit i .'o iiiiloM. riuTc it ii iimd, mu li m it is tlu- uliolo w«y t the finit f'orty-Hvi' niiits of which, hy the nidc of the Nushwauk river iiiul ovi r whot in (idled The Tortime, are the worst. We were, ne»erthtle«!*. >ery nlii.l, on arrivinif ut the iip|M'r part nl'lhe south-wett hrandi (il'the Mirainiihi. to avail our- nelvcii of water conveyance lor the remaining neveiity-live niilen ; and hy dint ol pemcvennce, and n detenniimtion to jjet the hetter ol nil dillicultieit. mieeeeiled iit rcwhinj; Chithani on the niKht ut the J.^th ol April. .V >{reat jxirtion ol the t ouiilry we had pMwd throuj?h during thi^ part of our journey hud In-en lately nettled, and afforded constant opwrtunitieii of actpiirinn the kxt information iw to the wanl», proKrcHH, an advanced to thoio to Ih> sent out by (iovernnient, and the |M)wer (>f such pemon to repay, within a jpven time, the amount so e\pi-ndeil in estahlishin)( I.i'". To thit; in(|uiry the answer scarcely ever varied, and was nn liillows : "(live him good land, and in five years he will be able to eomnunce repaying; you at the rate of five pounds a year, or more, provided you consent to receive il in protluce. I wish I hod ever had such a chance.' With respect to renayineiit in money, they were lets confident, and when pressed on this |)oint, seemed to think that the prevailing habit of barter transactions would render the fulfilment of any such arrange- ment very difficult and uncertain. Durinj; the continuance of my tour throu)(h the difiervnt provinces, the above iriipiiry was rc|ieated day after day, and hour after hour } and though the persons to whom it wiu made were of all the dilTerent rankn in «x;iety, the reply was »o generally ami entirely to the same eHect, that I feel bound to believe the expectation it hold.s out would seldom fail to be realized, pro- vided the experiment Ih; made under the limits and precautions you have already suggested. Sir llownnl Douglas hiul l>een good enough to send forward to Chatham for the puqxisc of iKitifyiiig my intention of vi>iting that place, and re- questing that every information und assistance might he all'orded me No sooner, tnerefore, was my arrival made known, than all the gentlemen of the neighbourhood did me the kindness ol' calling, to olUr their services ; lud In^fore I left Chatham, 1 really believe 1 had seen every person in any way acijuainted with the quality of the lands for fifty miles ioui\d. In such a maj>s of information, it is in no way surprising that statements some- what contradictory were occasionally imule. I'o have taken them all down in writing would have filled a large volume, and tended perhaps rather to confuse than explain. .Sufficient will, however, he found noted in the geiiiral Krniark Hook, and other ac- companying memoranda, to shew that though the lands immediately fronting on tho gulf shore, and through which the new line of roud has for the present l>eeii opened, are of unequal quality, yet those in rear of the road, and in a direct line between Richibuctoo and I'etecoudiac, are generally con>idered good and fit fur settlement. It is in this latter direction, that the great line of corainunicatioii towards I.,ower Canada must ultimately l)e laid out, so as to cross the rivers and itreaioi where bridges can easily be thrown over them, reduce the distance nearly one-third of its prcicnt extent, and, by passing through a fine hard wood tract, avoid the low landf, gwamps and barrens, described us occasionally occurring in the front. Although during the nine days I remained at Chatham, I was each day more strongly con- firmed in the belief that the tract between I'etecoudiac and Miramichi, generally speaking, was of a description to answer the purposes of Emigration, I stillfelt that nothing ought to be left to chance on so vital a point, and more paiticularly as it concerned a part of the (,'olonics which it was of siudi acknowledged importance to the whole to have settled ; I therefore determined on sending surveyors through the woods, pointing out the courses which each was to take ; and directing them to adopt every means for ascertaining witli tlie greatest possible accuracy the quality of the lands they passed through ; and to meet nie again at Richibuctoo, with their .several reports. The .severity of weatiier which subs(i|uently took place, unpre- cedented at so late a period of the spring, maleri.diy inqu'ded the accomplishment of ANIi UKJ'om l)N KMKiHATION. 1 of ihii part of my iirrutiKiMiii'iit*, mid thi> riicipt nl' Miniu itl' the rcportii (extrMtR from till- M hole ofwliiih uru lirri'with tniiinmitU'it) wim ronii'<|urntly iU>liiyceniti.\,A.Nii.4. Appciiilix, 11. So. 4. See llicir I'l.im and Itcpiirt', Appeudis, It. Nci 8 COLONEL COCKBURN'S INSTRUCTIONS did not fail to enter with him most fully on the various points connected with mjr mission, and to seek his candid opinions and advice thereon. The result was in pviry way most siitisfiitfory, for in no one instance, have I met with a ncrson more conviTSiiiu on the siilijitt, or more sanfjiiine as to the great and {^cniral advantages to bi' derived from an extensive and well-regulated system of Emigration. His ap- proval of the sitii.it iun selected for connnencing on, was decided and unqualified ; and of such high iniportaiue to tlie si-curity and welfare of Uritish North America generally, hut mow particularly to New lirunswick, does he consider the o|)cning the now proposed gre.it line of coninuinieation towards the Canadas, that he ofTercd, during the inteiTals of olhcial occupation, his ])ersonal assistance in laying it out, or in any manner connected with it, wherein he couhl be made useful. Amongst other |m|H'rs herewith transmitted, yon will find a letter froiu Mr. liotsford, addressed to me some time after I had left him, and in which, after time for further consideration, you will perceive he recapitulates the .same o])iniuns. His observations res|)ccting the eonse(iuences wliicli have ari.seii from the very extensive and unrestricted choice of soil hitherto allowed to persons obtaining lands in the colonies, are highly valuable, and re|)eated proofs of their accuracy have come within my own knowledge. On the idth of May, accompanied by Mr. IJotsford, I left Westcock for Bay Verte, a harbour for small vessels on the (iulf ol' St. Lawrence, and one side of which is in New Brun.swick, the other in Nova .Scotia. One of the objects of t!us visit was to see an old e.'itablished and very respectable settler of the name of Chappie, of who.se practical knowledge ni every jxiiut connected with new settlements Mr. Botslord had a high opinion. From both Mr. Chappie and his .son much use> ful information was obtained ; and here again I had the gratdieation of finding my previous opinions arul calculations fully c(nifirmed. On the J I St May we left Hay Verte, and after passing through a beautiful country, reached Amherst in Nova .Scotia, where I took leave of my excellent and zealous I'riend the Judge, and proceeded the same evening on my route to Truro. After leaving .Vmherst, the country became less settled until 1 had {Missed the Cobequid Mountain ; but on entering the township of Londonderry, I again found myself in the midst of flourishing settlements ; and the same fiivourable appearance may, generally speaking, be said to have prevailed during the remainder of my tour in Nova Scotia. On arriving at Truro, on the .'id May, 1 received your letter of the ijtli March. On the .'.jd, I was employed making iiKp.iries respecting the vacant lands in the townsliip ; the oidy persdii, however, who proved ipiiilitied to give information on the subject, was Mr. Sliiler, the deputy surveyor of the district, by whose account it appears that the (piantity still remaining to be dispo-scd of is inconsiderable. On the -Mth, Mr Madauchlan and .Mr. Smith arrived, and I was much gratified at receiving most encouraging account^ ot tiie huuU tliiy Im i iirin I'liipioyed to ex- plore. The Shepody Tract, 1 that which .Mr. Siiiitli had last pas.seil through) proved in every respect e(|ua! to the very lavouraiile accounts received ol it at I'etecoudiac. Mr. Maclauclilan's account of the lands lie had passed through was also decidedly good; and tlii.s, togetlu r whUthv/oimir/icporl olMr. Smith and that of .Mr. Layton, received while I was at Westcock, and various other opinions and ti'stimonics to the same effect, put me entirely at case as to the iract between IVtecoiKliae and .Mira- michi being fit f()r settlement From Truro .Mr. Smith returned by the Hay of Fuiuly and St. .(ohn's to Fredericton ; and mi reaching the latter jilace, was to commence, under the superintendence of the surveyor general, the different maps and plans which I re(|uired to take to l".iiglanccting ted choice y valuable, k for Bay me side of ects of this e name of settlements much use- findini; my a beautiful ceilent and to Truro, (wssed the itjrain found ' a|i[)carancc ■ of my tour nir litter of (pectinj^ the (|i)alitied to tlie liistrict, sposcd of is ticlif^ratified Joyi'd to ex- iii|rli) proved l'i'tecoiiilia«'. so decidedly Mr. Layton, iioiULS to the ic and Mira- y tiie Hay of ilace, was to iU'i rent maps M'll i|UHiitied ri'ccived at eridd as pos- n (luring the tances would r instructions inn .5<"',"<'<> ivailcd myself .vith nie until t receive still he 'J,',th saw udcd to, and ascertained I $ ■if AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. g ascertained that thcvacant lands in the district did not exceed .so.ooo acres altogether, but those were ea.sy of access. In the evening I cndinrked on hoard the govern- ment vessel Chcbuetoo, which Nir James Kempt, anxious in every way to facilitate the service I was engaged in, had sent to meet me, with orders to the master to place himself under my directions. On the jOth May I reached I'rincu lid ward's Island, where I remained till the 30th, on the evening of which day I again embarked on board the (Jhebuctoo for Cape Breton. During my stay at the island I employed each idered among tiie best. These tracts are merely divided by the Hiver St. Denys, and the narrow line of settlements esta- blished on its l)anks. The tract extending from the sources of the Miray Hiver to St. I'eler's Bay, and lying between liie Atlantic Ocean and the Bras d'Or Lake, also contains tioni -,o,o(pm to So, 000 acres of land, generally speaking, snppo.sed fit for settlement. The above make up but a small proportion of the disposable lands ; but I have ipioted them as being better known and vi'ry generally spoken of as go()lain Crawley and oiliers, as piiiticulnily will (|iiaiitieil to givt' aecnniti' intorm.ition respecting the lands in llii' soniiuiii district, and as, inoieo\er, [lossessing much general informa- tion rcs|)ecling the whole Isi.inci. Mi. /.i/rt'.i .^liili'imii/.^ wtic decidedly favourable respecting the lands, and his opinions e(|ually so rcspectinu' emigi.ition. This gentleman apiieaicti to he i|uite master of the sul)|ect, and from Ins zeal, intelligence, and experience, fidly to deserve the favourable mention 1 had livijucntly heard made of him. loo. r. Oil See Appendix, D. 10 COLONEL COCKBUUNS INSTRUC'liONS On the cvcnijip of the 9th I arrived nt (iuy^ilmrnugh in Nova Scotia, one of the most beautiful places I ever saw, and where I had a K)n|» interview with Mr. Ventworth Taylor, the deputy surveyor for the county, whose information and reports have already been referred to. On the nth of .lune I returned to Halifax, where I received Mr. naillie's letter of the 1 ith of Anril, together with a copy of the " Minutes of Evidence," to the 3d of April, and the Second " Report of the Emigration Committee." The paragraph in the 'alter in pa^e 5, which states that the Committee had been informed that prc|>iu'ations were actually made in Nova Scotia for the reception of emigrant!! at a very short notice, apiwared to me to refer so pointedly to the arrange- ments I had been sent out to iiuki'. tiint I no longer felt justified in delaying to hove the ;j(i(i,()o() acres surveyed, as diretted in my iiistnictions. I therefore immediately wrote to Sir Howard Dougla-s, reiiuesting his Excellency to give the necessary directions to the Surveyor CJenerul of New Hrunswiek, for laying out on the tract marked E., six townships, eurli to contain V'<> lots of i.-t) acres; and further rctoiumendinj; that the olVtr of Mr. Maelauehlan, dir i>erforming this ser- vice, niii{ht he accepted. In expressing a wisii as to the person to Ik; employed in * laying out tlie new towu.ships, 1 was actuated by the very low tenus contained in Mr. Alaclauchians propo.sijl, the advantage he would derive, if employed as super- intendent, hy a previous knowledge of the nature and quality of every lot in the settlement, and the importance of having him on the spot should emigrants have been sent out in conlonuity with the recommendation of the Committee. The detailed plan of the new townships herewith transmitted, shows their exact situation, the courses of the numerous anil beautiful rivors riniiiiiig through them, and their very short di.stance from the harbours of Shediae, Cotagne, and Kichibuctoo, all of which are annually made use of to a con>idend)le extent by the ships coming out for timber. During the short time I remained at the latter place, upwards of twenty vessels arrived from England, their pa.ssiige averaging from twenty to twenty-five days. The plan ii.so shews the extent of the old settlements with which the new townships are surrounded, and the precise direction in which the great line ol' com- munication between Nova Scotia and the Canadas will be opened ; and a reference to the map ot' New Itrunswick, already tr.insinilted, will show in how easy and connected a manner these new townships may be extended over millions of acres eligibly situated for settlements, and c(uisisting of land.s reporte, and the oHirs and details ujwn wliich they were See Appendix, K. formed, for sending out and sutliciently establishing emigrants on their lands; one of these made the total expense for a family, consisting of a man, u woman, an adult, and two children, amount to (1(1/., or i,;/. 4.*. each individu.d ; the other to 5ti/. the family, or 1 1 /. .\s. for each individual. 1 have had no cause to alter the opinions on which these estimates were formed ; on the contrary, further experience has still further contirmcil them. On Sunday the 1 7th of June, I embarked on board His Majesty's ship Alligator, for Quebec, where I arrived on the _'Sth of the same month. On the evening of the 30th June, I left Quebec on my way to Upper Canada, and on t'le 1st July waited on Lord Dalhousie at Sorel. On the 4th July 1 reached I'erth in Upper Canada, where 1 remained several days, during wliich 1 was constantiv em- ployed in obtaining infonnation as to the actual state of the settlements. Many of my old friends, of both army and navy, and other inhabitants of the plate, were kind enough to accompany me in my visits to the farms of diiicrent settlers. As far as I saw, or could obtain intbrniation.ail w;is ///•(;.s/jc/7///, li(ipptihss,(iudc(mtcnt\ and 1 was particularly gratilieil at linding that, so far from the assistance originally allbrded being forgotten, it was imanahh) n;/i'ireJ to, and 'jrntcfuUiimlimmicdired. Anmngst other farms, I visited some on which the settlers taken out by Mr. Robinson in 1823, were placed. 1 found tlie latter settlers quiet, industrious and contented, proceeding regularly in the clearing of then- lands, and already m possession of property not only sufficient to j)lace them far beyond the reach of want, but to offer ample sei'uritv for the repayment of any >wn that cimld have been expended in App»nui.v,F. Nu.i. estabhshnig them. The t'denlij-tMo Stutcmciit!, herewith transnntted, .seem to me to put at rest all doubts respecting the capabilities of settlers to make repay- ment. Ihc tudic first were taken down without the least previous notice or arrangement one of the with Mr. mtion and r. naillie'fl lence," to ce." The had been eccption of he arraiige- Iclayin^ to therefore to give the ^ing out on acres ; and iig this ser- iiiployed in oiitaint'd in ?(i as super- r lot in the itriiiits have itti'e. The ['t situation, I, and their uc'too, all of iiing out for * of twenty twenty •five eh the new inc of coni- a reference >w easy and ms of acres ' cultivation. ic rif^ht bank [)ii the ifith js up t •h the; r laucLs ; one 1 woman, an till' other to to alter the r experience ip Alligator, ; evening of I'le 1st July ;li in TpiH-r istantly ein- s. Many of :e, were kind Ah far as I it ; and I was ally afforded d. Amongst ison in 1S23, I, prix-ewling property not oner ample ■x])ended in seem to me uakc repay- us notice or arranwrnent ;x up to that y were AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION 11 arrangement of any sort or kind, in the following manner: — I went to the house of Mr. Morris, a merchant in IVrth, and member of the Provincial I^urlianient for the Itathurst District; and as the settlers came to his warehouse, which is adjoining, to purchase such articles a-s they stood in need of, they were invited to an interview, during which I in(|uired as tn the period of their locations, the assistance they had received, the extent of their clearings and buildings, the amount of their stock, and their opini(ms, grounded on their own practical ex])erici\ce, of a settler's capability to coiumence at the end of live years to make repayment of tlie amount expended in seiuling him out, and estalili^liing him on lands. The answers in some instances are in their own writing ; in others, they were taken down in t/ic vcrij vards vwde use ql' bu t/ie settlers. Amongst the latter statements, will be found one from (.'a|)taiii M'.VIillan, of the late (Jlengary Fencibles, who ha.s resided at the settlements from their commencement ; ai^d another from the Reverend Mr. Harris, the Protestant clergyman of the place ; but it is useless to trouble you with the opinions of individuals on a point where all appeared so entirely to agree ; and I can safely assure you, that in peru.sing the statements alluded to, you uiay consider them as conveying the opinions of the whole settlement. Were any thing further, however, rcipiired to establish the .soundness of these opinions, I would ofl'er to your consideration the important and corrob(H*ating fact, that the I-anark settlers sent out in iS'joand i8ji, and who received a loan in money from (iovernmcnt, uiuler an agreement to commence repayment at the expiration of" ten years, have in very many instances notified to Mr. Shaw, the clerk of the establislinient, their anxiety and capability to con nience repaying at once, if (Joveriuuent would consent to take produce delivered in I'erth or Lanark, in lieu of money. I also enclose a Population Return, and an aggregate Account 55^^ Appendix F of the r;iteal)le property in the Dathurst di.strict ; and when all these documents are No. t. taken into consideration, with the recollection that about thirteen years ago 1 visited this part of the country, passing througli the woods (for not a stick had been cut at the time), to seek for a si:e on which to commence, and that the town of Perth has now three hiindsonu- churches, a gaol, and court house, and trades of every descrip- tion established in it, the result may, I think, tend to satisfy even the most cautious, of the benefits which may fairly be expected from a well regulated .system of Kuiigration. Before 1 cpiit this part of my Report, it may not perhaps be amiss to state, that during the earlier years of these settlements it was fre(|uently urged as a strong grouiul for objecting to the expense atteiuling their furtherance and sup- port, that the mouu-nt the settlers were put in possession of their patents they would dispose of tlK-ir lands, and go over to the United Stales. I cannot express to you how muili 1 was ;;raiilied at fiiuling the event diametrically in proof against these lorebodings of evil. In some instances, alterations in family ciicumstaiices at home, or failure in uu'rcantile speculations on the spot, may have imluced or com- pelled individuals to part with their lots ; but whenever this has been the case, and the instances I npcat are few, the purchasers have been from those belonging to the settlement, and who at their first coming to it were not worth five shillings in the World. The fact of having redeemed their fanns from the wilderness, at the price of their own labour and exertions, seems to enhance to the settlers the value of the locations they pos.sc.ss ; and so far from their iiidining to quit the settlement, the prevailing wish was to obtain nu)re land, that they might with more safety extend the limits of their present improvements. Many were prepared with the means of purchasing, but 1 met with none who were inclined to sell. On tlie morjiing of the mtli .Fuly I reached York in Upper Canada, and on the I ith waited on Sir Peregrine Maitland at Niagara. Theie does not appearto be any I'rttv//// //wY of good land remaining in Upper Canada, unless recourse should be had . .... , to remote situations ; but on this ami otlier points connected wiih Emigration, ipttcr"^'"^ Sir I'ercgrine .Maitland sigtiitied his intention of writing to you himself. His Aiipon'dix, K.No.:). Exce'kiuy, however, appeared fully aware of the importance, and highly to approve of the opening aiui settling the |)roposed new line of comuumication between Halifax and the ( 'anadas. On the 14th ,luly 1 got back to Montreal, where I remained a day or two, to Sioc^ffium ohtiiin inl'oruunion iVom sonu' of t\w first-rate mercantile houses as to the prices of .\ppenilix, r.No. 4. provisions and iran^por! through the Canadas On the 1 (ith of July I had the lu«u)ur of again w.iitnig ui)ou his Lordship tlu lOvcrnor-in-Chicf, at Sorel, who eiitireli/ appnned of the situation chosen for connnencing on, and fully concurred in the tnntiies which have led to the decision. For his Lordship's opinions as to the Appendix, G.No.i. nil). B '2 parts 13 ( OLONEL (OCKBUUNS INSTHCCTIOXS parts of Lower Canada best ndaptcii (or .settleiuunt, I bi-;; to refer you to the com municatioii herewith traiisinitled, and wliicli liis Lordship was good enough ti AppcndlXgCN'o. 3. to forward to me at Quebec. On the 1 7th, I returned to Quebec, and iininediately put myself in communi- with Mr. fiiuichette, the Surveyor General of Lower Canada, respecting the i lands tlirouglujut tlio luovincc, but more pnticiilarly concerning tnoso which L'cn referred to by liis Kxceileiu'y the ( love rnor-in-( 'hief The Keports, Plans, cation vacant had bee. .v.v — ^ .... , , and other explanatory documents furnishe 1 by Mr. Ilouchette, are so clear and com- prehensive, that u reference to tiiem will at any time uHbrd the fullest infonnation ; and I beg here to express my acknowledgments to Mr. liouchette, for the pains and trouble he took to supply uu', not only with all I required, but with every thing he thought might in any way jjrove of service ; as also to otter my tcstinu)ny to the extensive information, excellent arraiigeuients, and ready a.s>i»tancc at all timts to be met with in his otfice. Having thus, as I hoped, obtained infonnation on all the various points alluded to in my instructions, 1 embarked at Quebec on the Jtith July, and landed in Hngland on the 1 1 th of .September. In the foregoing account of my proceedings, I have nu'rely pointed to the leading features of my in<|uiries. To have entered into minute details would have exceeded the limits of a letter ; but •should l",ini;.'nitioM be eneoura;,ed, I (eel confident in assuring you, there is scarcely any point cimiiieied with the practical part of it, on which I am not pre|)are(l to ail'onl every int'onnation that can possibly be rc([iiired. 1 have the lionmir to lie, ki\ \e. (signed^ Fniiicis Cm/:luirii, Cummi-sMoncr. Right honourable llobcrt Wilnint Uortoii, &c. kv. kv. A'. 7?.— The .Ajjpendix to Colom-1 Cockburn's lleport will be presented to the House of Commons as soon as copied. U IM»i:i{ CANADA. ;'♦ t PPKR CANADA. No, I. V. N- COPirS of ST.VTF.MEN rs from .Settlei> at IV.1I1. in Upper Cuiad:.. V I. ^ir, I'erth, tltli .luly 1S27. TO your question, " whether .Settlers, at the end .)l' five years, uduld be able to repay (iovernment the sums advanced on tlieir aieoinit, at tlie rate of live pounds per year, until the (!el)t is repaid:" my riply i.\ That tlieie caiiiiot be a doulit upon the subject, provided (ioverunant will not ui^je the iv|),iyNieiit tn l)e uiadr in cash, but would be |)lea.scil to permit the same to be made in proiluce, such as uiuat, &c. .And to corroborate this :iiisHer, I beg leave to say, that upon the disbandnunt of the regiment, I was with my fiinnly, alon^' with otlu rs, proMded with a passage, and, upon my arrival at (Juebee, w.is located by tlic (^)uarter .Master (ieiitiai's depart- ment to l.uid in this .settleiiient. :uid »as inimeiliatel) Iraiislcned to it at tlie expense of Crovernment. fur, as a discliaiged soldier, I had not a pennv in iiiv po( ket. I'roni the time of my .■irri.ing luic 1 reciived one \r:ir's |)ro\isioii's, with v.irimis imple- ments .anil utensils from (ioverniiit nt. wiiieh, »\ith tlie blessing of (lod, and my own indii.stry, cii.ibleil me to make a (oiiifort.ible situation (or myselland family ; and at the end of five years 1 bad a good bouse and liirii, with sliiKles (iir cattle, built ; about twenty-live acres well cleared and cropped, a yoke of oxen, three cows, am! other live .stink, and would not have t.iken, ii oiiuvd. 1 ".o/. (or mv property ;' and now, at the end of nine ycai.s, joo /. would not iiuiiue lue to part with my property. I have, To Col. Cockbiini, &t. 1.S1C. Perth. .Ic. (signed) Jumcs Yoim-, Serjeant late m.jd Hegt. wit« my I havl cle.i I III (.ill hei [.r •oinimini- 'ctinj; the osc whicli rts, I'hiiis, iiiul com- onnutidii ; the piiins very tiling ony to the times to on all the :()th July, tliL' leading exceeded )nii(U'iit in t dl' it, on ic'(|iiired. lissioiicr. •iited to the ■■"S'5( N- 2. Sir, 7th June 1827. In reply to your different questions, I beg to state, That I was located by Colonel Marshal in August iSk). I have at this moment, under improvement, at least twenty acres, and 1 have, in addition, twelve acres chopped, which will bt ^eady for crop next year ; I possess one yoke of oxen of the very best kind, two excellent cows, one bull, twelve hogs, one potash kettle, which I paid the sum of twenty- three pounds fiileen shillings fur. My brother and myself have provided provisions each one year, for .loliti M'Ciee, wife, and six children (my brother, and J. M'Creary, brother-in-law.) 1 had not (Ive cubs connnencing, and iit this moment I do not owe one shilling. I am, iSce. To Col. Cockburn, &e. &c. (signed) U'm. M'Gee. I'erth. N- .J. Perth, Upper Canada, (itli July 1827. I, John Donald, a Settler of Lanark, located by Colonel Marshal, in iSju, six or eight weeks alter my arrival at Quebec ; had then my wife newly married ; had no money ; was one of the l.csnialiagow Society. Would not now take one hundred pounds for what 1 have, which is two good cows, a two-year old heifer, a yoke of good oxen, five slieej), a nund)er of swine, a calf, one hundred acres of land, (ifteen of which are cleared, and a good crop on them. (signed) Jo/in Donald. l\ S, - 1 owe no one a penny ; never received any assistance from any one. (signed) Jo/in Donald. UPPER C.ANAU.t. Appendix, K. No, I. [':Mia(ia. Inly 1S27. (I he alile to live pounds I doulil upon iii:uli' in cash, IS wluat, &e. ImiKlimiit 111' passjiiii', and, ral's (lepart- I tlie ex lien se )(ket. r'roin iriiiiis iiiiplc- aiiil my own mily ; and at attle, huiit ; I'l' (ows, and i()]urly ; and my |iriiperty. .f V4. ^f^'r, Perth, (ith July 1827. To your question, " whether Settlers would be able to repay the Government the sums advanced on their account, at the end of five years, at live pounds per year-" I answer, Tliat it is my opinion they would : and as a proof, I beg leave to state, for yom- further information, that I was discharged from the late lojd regiment previous to that eorp-* leaving this country, and was sent by the Quarter Master Cienerals {jepartnient to this .settlement, whei I received a grant of land, with a year s provisions and implements. I had not a single shilling at the time of my settling upon my land ; ii.it at the end of (ive years my property was worth 100 /., having a yoke of oxen, two cows, a house and barn, with upwards of twenty acres cleared. 1 am, \i-. To Co). Cockhurn, &c. kv. (signed) Win. U'alsun, Serjeant, late lujd Kejjimtnt. ^"■- Perth, /^th July i.Sa?. I was Incatfil in Lanark m the year iSao, and had not one shilling of a capital. I now have about twenty live acres of land cleared, one yoke of oxen, two cows, two lalvcs. umcUcii sheep and six iuigs, and am free of debt, what 1 never could have hen h.id 1 miiaiiieil in my native isle. I vvould not take less than 130 1, for all my property. . , . , (Mgned) Ihnrif Ifaman. Keceivetl nnplenients, but no lotions. "'L'- 15 .' r do u COLONEL COCKBUUN'S INSTUUC TIONS OFFER CANADA. I do think that any man would be able tu ri-iiay the aniniiiit itdvaiiccd liy . ~T .. GOTcmment to him, commencinir at the end of five ycarsi, at the rate of live ixmiuU AppendiXt I. No 1. per year. //. //. To Col. Cockbura, &c. &c. t N- a. Sir, Perth, Up|)cr Canada, (ith .July iSj;. It h my intention to inform you, I entered this sottleinent on its eommeniemcnt, uy in iS>r>, with my wife and a family of ei^ht ehiidren, the eldest l)einn then hut twelve years of age, and hut the small sum of four shillin^^s and sixpenee wa« I possessed of Hy the assisitanec of Ciovernmeiit in servinj^ me with rations, im- plements, &c. I eontriveii, with indui^try. to live, so that i>t the termination ot five years, I had thirty acres of land under eiiltivation, a yoke of oxen, four uiileli cows, and several head of youiij; cattle, witli twelve sheep, hofjs, &c. &c. ; tlic «liole of which I at that time valued at u', /. ; and at present, havinj; increased my stmk to two yoke of oxen, and nineteen other head of horned cattle, thirty sheep, forty ho^s, &c. ; ray family being likewise increa-stul to twelve diildren, with my father and mother in the house ; that I therefore value my proi>erty, slock, Ate. &e. 4c. at the lowest estimation this day, to be ^o^U. II, currency. I have, &c. (sigited) John Tatlock. I ''o not hesitate to state, that any industrious jwrson would have it in his power to he alike independent in the space of five years, and have it in his power to pay five pounds without any inconvenience. To Coi. Cockhurn, &c. &c. Sir, llathurst, lith.Iuly iSj;. In answer to your question, if a jx'rson sent out by (joveriunent to tliis country, and furnished with money to set him fairly aj;oing on a farm, would be able to com- mence and repay the amount at the rate of .") /. ]H'r year in produce; I certainly say, Yes. I have been in this country eleven year.s, and have now about forty-seven acres cleared, a yoke of oxen, four cows, six young cattii', twenty-sis slicep, besides pigs, poultry, &c. ; and I consider my farm at this moment worih at lea.st a.")() /., and the stock i^o/. When I came to this country I had nothing, and oidy re- ceived rations for one year. (signed) /Cm. Uhy. Sir, Hathurst, 4th .luly iSj;. In answer to your (|uestion, if .Settlers at the expiration of five years would be able to pay to Government the sums advanced to llieni, at the rate of z; /. per year, until the whole is repaid ; I beg leave to state, 'I'liat I have nut the least doubt but they would In; able so to do, especially if the amount is taken in produce. .\s an in- stance, I beg to say, that 1 was discharged from the Canadian IVncihIes, and sent on my land with (>/., and I have now twenty-five acres of cleared iaiul, a yoke ;;f oxen, two two-year-old heifers, two yearlings, Hvo spring calves, one horse, twenty sheep, besides pigs, poultry, &c. ; and I consider my farm-stock worth at least 2.50/; and I feel that any industrious man may do as well. Indeed, some of my neighbours, who have better lots of land, are more flourishing. To Colonel Cockbiun, &e. &c. &.C. I am, ki-. (signetl ,/o.vi7/., ind only rc- .luly iHj7- cars would be r, I. per year, last doubt but If. As an in- l)les, iind sent iiid, a yoke - :f home, twenty ,vorth at least 1, some of my pli Lcgari/. i AND REPORT ON EMIGRATION. N'9. >5 Sir, Ramiay, 6th July 1 827. In answer to your inquiry renpecting my property, and if I consider that a Settler OPPf- '* CAN ADA. would be able, at the end of five years, to commence repaying; to Government the Appendix, F. aniuunt they might advance him; provided it won produce, I have not the least heii- No. 1.' tation in .saying, That any person would be able to do so with the greatest case. I came to this country in 1833 from Ireland, under the charge of Mr. Robinson, and received rations for one year. I Ijave now, with the exertions of myself and sun, cleared upwards of twenty acres of land, and have a yoke of steers, five milch cows, two yearlings, besides pigs, {Kiultry, &c. ; and I consider my lot and crop worth at least 200 /. ; odd to this, I am happy and contented. I am, &c. (signed) Michael Corkery. I\- 10. Sir, Ramsay, 6'th .July 1 837. 1 beg to inform you that I came to this country with Mr. Robinson, and have now about twenty acres cleared, a yoke of steers, one cow, three calves, pigs, poultry, &c. I did not receive rations ; and am well contented with my lot, and consider it worth 1 ou /. I am, &c. Hi* (signed) James ^ Sheil, Mark. N* 11. .Sir, Ramsay, 6th July 1837. 1 came to tliis country from Ireland with Mr. Robinson, and received rations for one year ; and 1 have now seven acres cleared, a yoke of steers, a cow and a calf ; and I certainly do think that an industrious man may repay to Government the expense attending his location, and if they do not require it to be paid sooner than five years, and then by instalments in produce at 5 /. per year ; and I do consider uiy farm worth now 80 /, I am, &c. His (signed) Cornelius^ Ryan, Mark. N° 12. Sir, Ramsay, 6th July 1837. In answer to your inquiry I beg leave to say. That I have not the least doubt but that any iiuiustrio.. ' man niuy be able to repay to Government the expense incurred by placing him on land, provided produce is taken, and commenced at the end of live yciirs, at the rate of ', /. j)cr year. I came to this country with Mr. Robinson ill 1 N j;}, and have at this time twenty-six acres cleared, a yoke of steers, four years old, one Kiw, two heifers, two steers, and pigs, poultry, cS:c. I am well pleased and happy, and would not take ion /. for the lot, inueiiendent of the stock, &c. I am, &e. (signed) Hii Patrick'^ Haly, Mark. Sir, N- 13. Perth, Upper Canada, 10th July 1827. Ill answer to your questions relative to Settlers, 1 beg leave to state, for your in- fomiation, Tliat must of the settlers who were located here ten years ago, are now iiKi. U 4 prosperous |6 COLONEL COCKnUKNS INSTRUCTIONS il i .,j irrPER CANAP ». Appendix, K.Nn. I. uosiHTOus and contcnU-d, with from twenty-five to sixty aires on an avenijje cleared and, and itossesised of a yoke of oxen, from two to four cows, from six to ten young stock ; f\g», jwultry, &c. in pro|H»rtion ; and many, a pair of liorxes*. With respect to settlers, to whom His Majesty's (lovennnent nuiy advance money, beinir enabled at the expiration of five years to connueiue rep;iyin(» the money so au> vanccd, at the rateof s'- pi'r annum, I have not the sli(»hteNt liesifation in suyinjj, that every settler who may Ik> located inordinary Kind can do so with ease, par- ticularly as produce w ill be taken ; and I do not think there are at this moment, in the military settlements, twenty individuals but were prepared to pay that sum or aiorc. In mv iieinhbourhood, and within my own observation ansislan(e fniui them, will be .ibtc to refund in annual payuuiits of live |)ouii(is, after the expiratiiui of live years from the tinu' they are located ; I have no hesitation in j,'ivin;j uiy opinion, I'iiat I t!iink they could, |>rovided they are iiidiistiious, and situated on ^'ood land. As one of the ministers of the establisheil church in this country, I have had nuiny opportunities of reniarkiu); the firadual iuiprovenient of tiie ciui;;rauts residinj; in this quarter, aiul I have no doubt that the p;reiitcr number ol tlieui would williii;;ly have complied, if s\ich terms were held out to them uimn their couiiii); out to Canada, if 1 may judj^c from the prosperous condition they arv now in. 1 remain, &c. (signed) .1/. Harris. IIi|>(i«ini. Mirria^rt Kpiscopaliaiia Presbyterian.'. Ituiiimi C.itluilics - I ,o;)() 4',)4 37;! J7,1 i." 74 :>^ 3'i I FrMin l«lli ()i Idlirr P 0. t<> tl I' pre -lUl IH'U" 1. rriini ic'll. (Kt, l.cr H 7, It) tl t' \\\vsv\\K |)rrHH 1. rriim Il>lll A| .III Ri;i, li> 711. .lul>. i(*i7 N- I.-.. f>'r. I'crfh, (jth .luly iS.';. In answer to your .|Ucstii)n, I bei,' leave to slate, Tiiat I came to the I'ertli sef'le- niiiit at nearly the cdiiiiiieiKemeul, and (ioui the wav that 1 have p)t on luy-elf I have not the le.ist liesitation in sayiii^r, that a man placed on a lot ol land, under the .same circumstaiiees as those of this settkiueul were, will be able to (oiuiuence to pay back the amount advanced on his aciount, at the end of live vears |)ayal)le in pioduce. My own lot, with stock, \.. . was woilh 1 V'/. at the end of live years. I am, &('. < olonei Cockbuni, &c. iS,e. .si-ned) Jmms rrr"iisofi. ':$: m to pou the thai laui tir^ the the con pou i'riij{o ilearcJ to ten yoiiiiK vnncc money, money no ad- on in suying, itii eHM>, par- s inomcDt, in timt 5um or V, many of tin* I'li's, or when rvt'K. AN!, liEPORT ON EMIGRATION. 17 N* 16. .Sir, I'erth, 9th July 1827. Fronj my own experience I know that a man plwcd on a lot of land, with the i"'i'f',K Canada same advantages which the Perth settlers have had, will l)e ahle, at the end of five Aniiemiix r years to connnence payin^r hack the amount advanced on his account, at the rate of n». i.' live pounds |H>r year in prmluce. 1 came to this settlement in 1817. I did not get rations from Govermnent, and I had no money of my own, but went out to work occasionally. At the end of five years I had a good deal of produce to spare ; and since, 1 have purchased an aCIll (KM mil. Oiliil.cr 1H17, '>fiil pirDxI. A|iul iRj;), .luly i(ayal)le in f live years. V Frriiiison. N" i<). Sir, " Perth, ytli .Inly iSjJ. Ill answer to your question, I beg leave to stati', That I have lieen oiu> of the (irst of the Perth settlers, and, from the way that I have )i;ol on niyself, I li.ive not the least hesitation in saying, that an industrious man, placed on a lot of hind, with the same advantages which we have had, will be able, at the end of live yea|•,^, to (■oiiniieiiee paying back the amount advanceil on his aceoiint, at the rate of live poiiiids per annum in produce. .My |iroperty, at the end of five years, was worth jnci/ I am, &e. (sijrned) WilliiUn M', "Iters, m. N" j(i. Sir, Perth, mtli .July iSj;. ('aptaiii M'.Millaii having requested to know my opinion as to whether Settler^ on coining to Canada with the same advantages as those who first were located by ii'f). I Cioverinneni rPPEH CANADA. '% luilii, K. lo. I. tt COLONEL COCKBURN'S INSTRUCTIONS. Ac. Government in the I'erth icttlcmcnt, could, at the end of five ycnn, bcnin to rep«y the tdruKf ra*k; them, by yearly initaJmcntit of five piuntlii, 1 lmv« no hewUtion in Mying, that I think they could with great eaw j provided »uch payment waa to be madi' in MroounJs a year, payable m produce. I also 1)0(5 k'.iw to stote. that at tho end of five years, if the settler is industrious, he can make hi.s property worth from io(j/. to 130/. 1 know many farmers in my neighbourhood, whoso property v/as worth 7110/ at the end of five years, that would not take ,5(1')/. for their present nro|K'rty; and many have purchased second lots, who liuil not five shillings when located. Of this I have a full knowledge, in (on- soqucnco of being registrar of tho county. I have, &c. (signed) Alexander M'Miilan, Captaiu, H. P. Glengary Light Infantry. '■f^ ,-«ii«