CIHIVi Microfiche Series (IMonographs) ICIMH Collection de microfiches (monographies) Canadian Inatituta for Hiatorical Microraproductions / Institut Canadian da microraproductiona Itistoriquaa Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Instttute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibHographicaliy unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming are checlwd below. 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Additional comments / Commentaires suppldmentaires: PagliMtfon Is as follows: p. [2], [149H68. This HMD Is lilnMd M ttM raduetioii ratio ehoeind balow / Ca doeumant ast fiim« au taux de rMuetion indiqii* ei-daasous. lOx 14x 18x 22x 2ex 30x ^- 12x 16x 20x 24x 28x 32x Th« copy filmed h«r« has bttn reproduced thanks to tha ganarosity of: Library Agricuiturt Canada Tha imagaa appearing hero are the beat quality poaaible conaid'-ing the condition and legibility of the original «;opy and in Iceeping with the filming contract apecifieationa. Original copiea in printed paper covera are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the laat page with a printed or illuatratad imprea* aion. or the bacic cover when appropriate. All other original copiea are filmed beginning on the firat page with a printed or illuatratad impraa- aion, and ending on the iaat page with a printed or illuatratad impreaaion. 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Toua lea autrea exemplairea origlnaux aont fiimia an commenfant par la premMre page qui comporte une empreinte dimpreaaion ou d'illuatration et en terminant par la darniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un dee aymbolea auhranta apparaftra sur la demMre image de cheque microfiche, aelon Ie caa: la aymbole — ► aignifio "A SUIVRE", la aymbole Y aignifle "FIN". Lea cartea. planchea, tablaeux. etc., peuvent Atre filmte i dee taux do rMuction diff«renta. Lorsque Ie document est trop grand pour Atro raproduit en un aeui ciichA, 11 eat film« i partir do I'angle aupAriaur gauche, de gauche i droite, et de haut en baa, en prenant la nombre dimagaa nveloi», which rapidly tpreada down the head to the eye* and raakea the fish Mind. It tub- aequently appear* on dkff eat part* of the body and on the estremitie* of the fina and tail. The fiah di*ea*ed were betrinninir to die, which indicate* that they will not hwt more than a week or ten day* after they become affected. An examination of the pond revealed no reason fur any unhealthful con- dition*. Neither did there teem to be anythi.iR through which the water wa* ricwing before it reachol the pond to cauHo it to be unhealthful. Some fish that were in the towing pontoon* which had recently been taken from the fishermen's nets tu be placed in the pond, were examined, and on a few of them the first stage of the disease nbove r««ferred to was in evidence. As it seemed possible that the scale* might have been removed from the fish striking the top of the pontoons, one of the fishermen's nets was visited and w''.en lifted there were three salmon and a grilse in it. Two of the salmon were large fe '>ale* weighing about fifteen pounds, and they were perfectly Wealthy, but the X lird. a small male weighing S or 6 pounds, was apparently affected, as the scales were eaten away from th^ back of the head and he had an unhealthy app« irance. It would appear from the above that an epidemic ha* broken out amongst the fish in the river, and in view of the importance of the matter it is deairable that a capable bacteriologist should be immediately sent to the pond to thoroughly investigate the whole matter. I may add that this pond has beer in operation for many year* and in no instance in the pest has any such trouble been experi- enced. The tide enters the pond, and at each high tide the water is slightly b^ckith. I shall Ik> obliged if you will give the matter immediate consideration and wire me whether the Biological Board can at once arrange to send a properly qualified man to investigate the matter. If it cannot, it may be possible for the Department to arrange with that of Agriculture to send an officer from the laboratory at the Experimental Farm here. N.B. — Since writing the above a report ha* just been received from the oflicer in chai^fe of the Port Arthur hatchery, in which he state* that a disease, apparently of a similar nature, has broken out amongst salmon trout in the Nipigon river. This is the first time that the department has heard of any such disease there. A few days later I received a statement from Dr. Huntsman, the main points of which are contained in his report on this outbreak of salmon disease, now being published. On the arrival of tlio si)ecimens of fish sent by Dr. Iluntsman, tliey were inimiHli- ately examined. They arrived in good condition, packed in ice, and w; le ■ -med in the usual way. After examination of the organs and the flesh near tlie 'ed spots or where the fungjs was growing, pieces of the various organs we.e excised with a sterile knife, and cut open with a second sterile knife, and a portion of the pulp, etc., of the organ removed by mnins of a sterile platinum loop. In a few cases pieces of the organs were taken out, seized with the forceps and scorched in the flame, and then cut open with a sterile knife and u portion iemoved to sterile i)etri dishes. In all cases the m.-iteriai was mixiMl with beef peptone salt-water agar, and from the various .ttrsvTku sAmux, uiK.tunm ii4rvMBKy w SESatONAL PAPER No. 3to IS£J: * ' """^ """"""^ ""•• '"""•* "'"'""' •" »»•-* •»•""""«« »'■" '•"•^' ""j .kin «*,!I.„^";J" /T'o"'* ""™''' ,*'*'• ""' •"'•'P«i"" "* • ^-w |-iteh« of di^„^ AfUr thp plate* hnd not thry werp kept at SOT. Reniilt* :— Milt.— About 60 polonim. Liver.— About 1(H) coloniett. Swimming Madd^r.-ConUined a r,uiintit.T of li,|uid. V..ry lartro i.i. ibcr of o,.lnnie«. loo numerou* to count. v.T.v''n'!ilar "'"^•~^'^"* **•> «''°"'«* <° <»'«' "«•• All th«^ c^lonie. were A'W/(»'#/t.— About 00 coluiiim. Four gpeciM wer.- inoUted from thi>. finh. nmrked Al. A2, A.J, A4 i-lesh near di«eatc(i okiii normal in appearancs-. fun^i^.i;;:;'r \:nn:art :;:::!:i;t '•>:r::;'!:«;;::r;.:f ^ eolou,. .o^ewhat friable, intestine, empty, caeca empiy Jgbt o" rv ti, '-'l " InnL^T'^:^ n.uch darker in colour. almoriivc;X"r^ l'" F^h 'normll nnd „oo annar- ently normal. Smears from the rarious organs showV^ laeteria. ^^ Heart's blood.-About 250 colonics to the oese, all similar. ^ffi7«.— Innumerable colonies. Two s|)ecies. Ltver. — '20 — .30 colonies per oese. Kidnet/n.—HO—uiO colonies. Two isolations — CI, C2. .hi ^«"^^' ■*:7'^,^*'?* ^^'- '""'■•' gelatinous slime around the tail. .'■ areas of coLst^"^ "^"' *?" '"Tl- ^'"^ ^"""''^^ "W^-'-d -«lth.v. testing. sHtlv rr> '^'^'r'"* ^••'"^•'r'- -'"P'y- •'^"'""s from the h...rf. bloo.l liver „lTd"ev showed a number of organisms:— Kiune> //car** t/oorf.— 30— to colonies, all similar. Lirer.—io—li, all similar. Kidneys.— i^\ colonics, all similar. «:ff9*.-About 1.50 p,.r CKK. This is an estinwte, us ,. larpo ^muth had occurred in the vicinity of the crushed part of the egg. One isolation. Dl. 188 DEPARTMByT OF THE VAVAl SBItrWE 8 GEORGE V, A. 1918 FiBH No. 5. — Skin between the eyes and the back of the head was bruised and in pla:cea dirty white in colour. Microscopical preparations showed the presence of fungus. Fleah nomud. All organs normal. Intestines empty. Smears from the Lillt, liver, heart's blood showed a number of organisms. Plates : — Hearfa hlood. — Numerous colonies. Liver.— 40 — 50 colonies. MUt. — ^A few colonies. Three isolations— £1, £2, £3. Fish No. 6. — Skin bruised between eyes, fungus present in this area. Flesh normal. Orgai^s normal in appearance. Intestines empty. £gg8, salmon pink in colour. Intestines slightly congested Smears from heart's blood, liver and egg showed bacteria present Plptes: — Hearfa blood. — ^About 80 colonies, all similar. Liver. — 30—40 colonies, all similar. Esg»- — One egg about 200 colonies., all similar. One isolation, Fl. Fbh No. 7. — ^A large amount of diseased skin from which preparations of the fungus were prepared. Flesh normal. Intestines empty. Organs apparently healthy. Kidneyt. — About 30 colonies, all similar. Liver. — About 50 colonies, all similar. Heart's blood. — 30 — M colonies, all similar. One isolation, Gl. Fish No. 8. — Large amount of diseased skin from which fungus growth was easily demonstrated. Liver pale in colour. Ovary deep reddish. Intestines empty. If any whitish eggs in ovary. Spleen normal. Plates: — Egg. — ^About 150 colonies to the egg, large masses of bacterial growth near the crushed portion. Liver. — ^About 250 colonies. Heart's blood. — ^About 150 colonies, all similar. A number of diseased portions of skin were cut off and examined in a variety of ways. Very good prepartions were obtained by teasing portions of the diseased skin, triturating the material with 40 per cent potassium hydrate. After removal from this reagent they were washed in water and transferred to Lugol solution, or else (staiiied with safranin, eosin, or fluorescin, dehydrated and mounted in balsam. Such teased partii'loa of the skin gave, as a rule, better results than sections. These preparations show that the fungus was a Saprolegnia, and I presume that full particulars of this fungus have been already given by Dr. Huntsman. A very full account of the salmon disease probably caused by Saprolegnia is given in the report of the TTnited States Commissioner of Fisheries for 1878, the artii-lo having been reproduced from the proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, written by A. B. Stirling, of the Anatomical Museum of the University of Dublin. A very conipre- hcnsive paper by S. Walpole and Prof. T. H. Huxley entitled "Disease among the Salmon of many Rivers in England and Wales" appears in the bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, vol. 1, 1881, and was a reprint of a pamphlet contained in the "21at Annual Report of the Inspector of Fisheries for Eiigluiid and Wales for the year 1881 presented to both Hou:*es of Parliament by oonimand of Her Majnsty." It seemed peculiar that injuries, which apiH-nrod «t first to 1k' mere abrasions, and vhich subsequently bei^ame infoctid by the fungus Saprolegnia. should have such AFFECTED SALUOX. MIBAMWBI HATCBERT ^fg SESSIONAL PAPER No. 38a tw^T?!!? ^^* uiK.,. the fish as to produce slnggi.hneHs and death in the short penod of time mentioned by the officer of the hatchery and by Dr. Huntsman, and it tnerefore seemed important to make a thorough examination of the diseased fish to «!J!;. •* ^^ ^^' '"^" producing disease, and to ascertain if the funttus wrrh,.™*"*liT * P"?^ />' » secondary invader. Unfortunately such investigation was hampered by the fact that no live salmon wer« avaiUble for inoculation, and the L T„^?». ''*«"^"'»'« the pathogenicity of the organisms isolated was to attempt to infect the common gold fish. n.»5^"l **!? course of this examination I obtained a publication of the Fishery l^«8^ f""'?'""' entitled "The Life-history of Salmon in Fresh water. Glasgow^ Jw,-^'' T^i ' '"'^' ^J- J^^"*"" Patterson. Assistrnt Bacteriologist of the Corporation of Glasgow, on "The Cause of Salmon Diseases", and I am indebted to live* '*irfish ""'*'"'"^* '•'•'''' "'^'■^ subsequently used for the inoculation of the A f»?^K™ ^^^ '^^^ fish could be inoculated it was necessary to work out in some detail the various organisms which were isolated from the salmon. The principal biological and cultural characteristics of those were as follows — A. 1. «„H tnTf-""^ "."^^ '»«*'>»»» 7'**» '"""•l^d «nd«. occasionally bent, which occurs singly Gelatine Plates:— H hours, colonies just visible to the naked eye. shaoif *rrt'r'rir ^ f"°- •> •*'""?*"' """''^' ^^^^ » "quefying centre saucer- shaped. Centre of the colony dense with a mass of deposited bacteria. within 'fi' "'T**''^ t'jff "f the colony seemed slightly fimbriate, and the mass within the centre might be seen moving. «;„,;f.,*'''*' '"'^°'''*' ^"t ^^"^ *° ^^"""^ ^ »"«> » ™«»- in diameter, but with similar appearance to that at 48 hours. -J A»ff», geletine completely liquefied. Gelatine Stick:— Growth is beat at the top. Line of puncture filiform. mra.1i depth ^''*"^^'"'*'°° '^*'"'' ^^tending to the .sides of tube and about 2 witl/fir"' f''^«'*J» ""if"'™- line of Puncture a cloudy area 10 mm. in diameter with small outgrowths into gelatine forming a cloudy cylinder. At the surface liquefaction is stratiform to a depth of 4 mm. sunace of Tlfr^"' .'h ^T**? '"" 'TT"^^- «f«tified liquefaction extended to a depth of 7 mm. and tlie cloudy area looks like a saccate cylinder. 8 days, liquefaction to a depth of 8 mm. 10 days, there is a distinct dark stratum underneath the liquefied area IS daijs. very slight increase. Beef Peptone Agar, iS hours: — Colonies 1 - 2 nnn. diameter, round, raised, entire ed^o. listening white SXrwith^^'nati £:'Zr^ ^^ ^ -^'^ ^'^^^ <>-. and whit^ft Srtln ir^n^'"^' -°""'' '""'^ ™-^'- -"^ •^--' — ' 1M DSPAttTHmfT or TBE NAVAL BBKVIOM 8 GEORGE V, A. 19t« Bhped Beef Peptone Agar, Blood Heat (S7.5):— Litde change after three cbtys' growth. The organism grew fairly well at blood heat g4 hours, spread over about half the sloped surface. 48 hours, growth denser, spreading, flat, glistening, smooth, semi-opaque, whiteish. No further change. Olueoae Agar Slope: — i-k hours, at room temperature, smooth, vigorous, whitish, moist and spread- ing. Cloudiness near the growth. 6 days, colony more cloudy, considerable gas production and the column of agar is burst aiMrt in the middle. Olucose Agar Stick: — 24 hours. Growth vigorous over surface and pronounced cloudiness from the surface to a depth of 10 mm. 48 hours. Increase in growth and a few gas bubbles appear on the line of puncture. No further change occurs. n»ef Broth:— B4 hours, strong, cloudy. 3 days, much heavier. Sediment flocculent. 7 days, yellowish-green appearance in the upper layer otherwise no change. JJunhams's Solution: — The organism grew well in Dimham's solution, and at the end of 5 days at room temperature was tested with Ehrlich test, allowed to stand 20 minutes and the results then recorded. This organism was negative to this test. No Indol. MUk:— 24 hours, no change. 3 days, coagulated with extrusion of slight amount of whey. 5 days, curd has become firmer, and a cheesy smell developed. 7 days, slightly more whey extruded; No other change, although observed for some twenty days. Litmus MUk: — 24 hours, no change. 4fi hours, no change in constituency, but colour is changed to avellaneous.* 5 days. Colour uniform, slight digestion with separated whey, soft curd, yellowish ring around glass, smell disagreeable. 3 weeks. — Curd still undigested, whey yellowish, yellow ring, curd avellaueus, few gas bubbles un shaking. Potato : — 24 hours. Moderate, dry, slightly raised, cream-coloured growth. 4S hours Increase of growth, dry, raised, slightly rugose, cream-yellow colour. 6 days. Abimdantly raised, massive, rugose growth, cream colour at margins and pinkish on top. Odour unpleasant and slightly pungent, resembling that on milk. 3 weeks. No change. A. 2, Small bacillus with rounded ends, short, often in pairs, actively motile, stains well with methylene blue, and is gram negative. I Chroniotaxia '" ""d spreading. Not character!, c 48 hours. Gas bubble on surface and below- Afterward^ no further chnge. Beef Broth:— H hours strong clouding, which increases, with abundant sediment, •^o further change. Dunham's Solution: — ^ *r;^'j;?r* ^^^f'f^^' '^^.^^ "Jt^ EhrHch-s reagents; allowed to st„nd for 20 minutes and then recorded. No Indol. MUk.— *4 hours. No change. 5 ^ys. Coagulated with extrusion of slight amount of whey. 6 days. Curd becomes firmer, and cheesy smell develops. ^"Ta*n^. ^^^^ '""^''^^ "P t«> wventh day. after which there is no further las DBPAKTMBST OF TBE HAVAh BgSYtOK 8 QEORQE V, A. 1918 Litmut Milk: — a houra. Ko change. iS houn. No change iu colour or consistency; on shaking numerous small gaa bubUea appear and form a foam on surface. 6 day: Coagulated, moderately firm curd, liliacinus in colour. About a quarter of the tube is whey, and much darker in colour (atro-Tiolaoeus). 5 weekt. There is a reddish ring at the surface, considerable digestion, whey occupying three-quarters of the tube, isabellinus in colour. Curd flocculent, aTcllaneus; oduur slightly cheesy. Potato:— e^ hou.a. Growth moderate, filiform, slightly raised, cream-yellow colour. This increases, and in 6 day* growth is moderate, raiaed, rugose, moist, shiny; dirty cream-yellow, darker in centre where growth is most massive. S weekt. No further change. A. 8. Medium-size bacillus with rounded ends, resembles A. 1 in appearance. Active motile^ stains well with methylene blue, and is gram n^ative. Gelatine Plate*:— H houn. Just visible to the naked eye. Growth rapid. is houn. Colonies are 2-6 mm. in diameter, round. Liquefaction saucer-shaped, inner ring dense, caused by deposited bacilli. With i objective thd edges of the coIlope, 37°C.:— 2Jt hours. Very slight growth, filiform. 7 Jayg. Nu further change. Olucose Agar Slope, 20" . — A spreading, flat, white, shiny growth; agar beneath very cloudy. Cream yellow. No gas. ttsr Cloudy ArracTKD SALitoy. visamicbi hatch kkt SESSIONAL PAPER No. 38a Olueote Agar Stick:— Betf Broth:— H hours. Clouding moderate. Sediment. S day». Qrowtb heavier, slight pellicle. S days. Ring and pellicle. 7 days. Yellowi(/h-green colour in upper layers. Subsequently no change. Dunham's Solution: — ^"ra/d'sS m,wL'* 7T t«»P«Jt"'«. tested with Ehrlich test, allowed to stand 20 minutes and then recorded. No Indol. ililk:— ^^'IS*' 1,^" '*!T' "J?*" *^« fifth d«y. when there is coagulation with soft curd, cheesy odor Curd gradually becomes harder and the whey greenish m colour. Dig«,tion takes place to about half the volume. Litmus Milk: — The colour is gradually bleached and in iS hours is avellaneus. !•• ?°'*S,'*'°° *^* P^*^ ^° '^ *" « '^'^'' » *"**' fi''* «"«i which gradually Agests^ Blue rmg at the top; separated whey is isabellinus in colour. S weeks. Greenish-blue colour; whey thick, curd avellaneus, odour unpleasant. Potato:— «4 hours. Growft moderate, raised, filiform, cream-yellow in colour. T' , ^"''^ 'f»"'«' ""'»'■- "■' 'i»o <'f bacte.ia M 2 \r'L'!,"°'" ?■""''■'*'• ^'"" "^ ^'"''"'« ^•'"°"'' to Papillate. faciiof '^^P'***""' «t the point of puncture may be noticed, but no lique- 13 days. . Liquified area around the line of piuictury. 1M DEPARTMByT OF TBE ItATAL BKKVtOB S QEOROE V, A. 191S Agar Plate*: — i8 \our». CoIoniM are filiform, glistening, r»i«ed. With I objectiv.) the coloniee are round, dense in centre, and granular, clearer at margin, edge* entire. 8 dayi. Coloniee slightly larger, opalescent, white. No further change. Oelatine Agar Slope at ST C— Little, if any, growth observed. Continuous observation for 7 days. Olucose Agar Slope: — Growth moderate, moist, shiny, slightly raised, whitish. 3 weeks. Agar ie brown beneath the slope. Olucose Agar Stick: — Growth filiform, thin surface, growth spreading. Gas bubbles along line of punc- ture. No further change except the agar becomes brown beneath the surface to a depth of 1-2 cm. Beef Broth:— H hours. Slight clouding and sediment. S days. Clouding and sediment increase slightly. No further change. Dunham's Solution: Grown for five days at room temperature, tested with Ehrlich test, allowed to stand 20 minutes and then recorded. Indol positive. Milk:— 5 days. No change visible. 6 7 days. On shaking tube a gassy foam rises to the surface. 10 days. Milk had coagulated, hard curd, whitish whey. Litmus Milk: — No change in appearance in H hours. iS hours. Abundant gas which rises to the surface in small bubbles. This was noticed each day up to the sixth day, and the foam was very heavy. The milk gradually coagulates and forms a blue ring down one side of the tube, remainder is a firm curd adhering to the tube. Bleached cream colour. Potafo:— g^ hours. Moderate growth, filiform, slightly moist, cream coloured. J)8 hours. Becomes slightly rugose. days. Growth slight, slightly raised, and a dirty yellc (mellcus). S weeks. No further change. B. 1. This organism on examination was found to resemble in all respects A. 1, B. 2. A small size bacillus about IJ times as long as wide, rounded end, frequently in pairs. Actively motile, stains well with methylene blue, negative with gram. ArraoTMo salmon, mimamicbi batobsht IN SESSIONAL PAPER No. 38a Gelatine Platei:— 84 hours. Visible to the naked eye. iSAoun. Punctiform. colony raised, glistening, whitish, i objective shows ronnd dense, granular colony, entire edges. oojecuve snows round. No further change. Oelatine Stick:— U hour». Growth uniform, round, filiform; no liquefaction. f ^our». Growth uniform, no liquefaction to surface 3 day,. Slight depression at the boint of bacteria. No liquefaction. Agar plates: — 48 hours. Uniform, 1 m.m. in diameter, round, glistening colonv Win. a „kj~.» .ve round, dense, shading to lighter; granular, S'e^^- '"' ' '•''''^'• 3 days. Colonies are glistening and bluish white. No further change. Agar slope 37° <. ■ — ' Tt ol\TjS^;*oS!^.""* °' ^^ ^"•"" -'-- -^^--« - the surface Olucose Agar Slope: — Moderate growth, spreading, flat, moist and whitish. flZ7' A "^ T ''"''"^ "PP*" ""«^ «"«»»' ""^"^"^e in growth. 3 weeks. Agar is brown underneath the slope. B^wui. Glucose Agar Stick: — No'Sh.?'*?* "'""^^ on surface, ga.s bubbles along line of puncture. No further change except for browning of the agar underneath the Surface. Beef broth: — Si hours. Moderate growth, moderate sediment. a days. Growth slightly heavier. 6 days. Clearing. No further change. Dunham's Solution: — Grown for five days at room temperature, tested with Ehrlich test allowed ia stand 20 minutes and then recorded. Indol positive. ^" Litmus Milk: — 24. hours. No change. ooa£atio7' ^ *"' ^°"" "" '^' ™'^"'' ''^"" '"^^ •* '^''^'''- C°l°« ««aceous, no 6 day,. Much gas in foam form. , No coagulation. Colour liliaceous Colour dSestS ■ '""'' ""' '"'"^ °" *"^"^^- ^'-''^ wZy but littTe Potato:— 24 hours. Filliform, dry, raised, colour niveus. e days. Growth becomes slightly raised and more massive S week.'). Xo change. B. 3 Resembles in all respects A . 4. 190 DBrAMTUKST Of TBM IfAVAL gMMTtOt • OEOROe V, A. 1»1t B. 4. BeMmUet in all respeota A. 4- 0. 1. Small to medium bacillua about twice aa long as broad, riightly rounded endi. ActiTely motile, aUina somewhat unevenly with methylene blue, gram negative. Gelatine Plaiea:— £1 houri. Colonies visible to the naked eye. , ■ • • 4« hours. Colonics punctiform, round, white, raised and glistening. 3 objective round, evenly dense and granular with entire edges. No further change. Gelatine Stick: — Growth uniform, line of puncture filiform, 4 gas bubbles along line of puncture. 10 day*. Depression at the point of puncture. IS dayt. Line of bacteria has liquefied. Agar Plate*: — iS hour». Coloniea are punctiform, 1-1 J mm. in diameter, round, raised, white, glistening. With 3 objective colonies are round, dense in centre, clear margins, granular, entiip ledfres. No further change. Agar. 37' C.:— U hours. Moderate growth, flat, slightly spreading, smooth and translucent. No further change. Glucose Agar Slope: — Flat, moist, spreading, whitish growth, few gas bubbles. No further change except browning of the agar beneath surface. Glucose Agar Stick: — 2i hours. Filiform, growth spreading on surface. ^ hows. Few gas bubbles along line of puncture. No further change. Beef Broth .— 21t hours. Moderate clouding, floeculent, abundant sediment. 5 days. Clearing. No further change. Dunham's Solution: — Grown for five days at room temperature, tested with Ehrlich test, allowed to stand 20 minutes and then recorded. Indol positive. Litmus Milk: — 21f hours. No change. i8 hours. Slight amount of gas, colour somewhat lighter, no coagulation. 6 days. Much gas in foam form. No. ooagvlatio... Colour lili.iceous. ' Subsequently milk coagulates, blue ring, surface clear, whey on one side, curd adhering to two-thirds of the tube; bleached to a cream colour and of firm consistency. ArracrtD tALnox, niRAMicm batcbmt ^ MMIONAL PAPER No. iU Potato:— V^^f ^^*^; moderate growth, cream-yrflow. a wetks. No further change. D. 1. .hh ^fthZl'wut!;!::'. ^Z^r' '""•"'•^ ^"•'- -'^^^ -»"- -ai„, wen Gelatine Plate$:— Colonie. Tijible to the naked eye in U hour,. '' *r.e tlfl-^iril^'^"'*^"^- -'-- ' "^-"- round, granular. x/T" . ^"'o"'** '^t^rae mow dense. Convex Ao further change. Gelatine Stick:— Ap'ir Plates: — '' X.]^r.:-itri^ - - -- ts; 3 days. Slight increase in sizes; otherwise no change. Agar slope, 37° C: — No growth at this temperature. ~ Olucoae Agar Slope:— """'tJ::; fr^ThaS::"' "'-"'• ^^^ '— •^-^ ^-th the growth. Otucose Agar Stick: — Line of puncture Jiliforni. spreading on snrf.mn tv,,^ r nppcar in 48 hours and slight Zr.Z i Sowth otL™ " " T^^ '"'^'"''^ browning under growth. ' "*''<"™'«'' "" <-hange except Beef Broth :— 2i hours, iirowth moderate, sediment moderate and ilocoulent o days. ( leuriiig. No further change. Dunham's Solution: — Crown for five days at room temi)erature, tested with Fhrlieh t^t „ii a x stand 20 minutes and then recordcl. Indol positive. ' """''''* *° Litmus Milk: — '' 'Tie surfaT""' ^■'""'^' '"' "" '""^'"^ *^^ '^"^ -«" «^- bubbles rise IS hourx. Gag more pronounced. Colour liliaceous 6 days Foamy gas. No coagulum. Colour liliac^us. S weelcs. Blue ring on surface cleared away alonjr one side rpmo.-„J„. « adhering to the tube. Bleached cream colour ■"•'■nainder firm curd m DBPAMTMmiT OW TMM VAJAL aUWWM • OIONOE V. A. lilt PeMo:— ModerBte growth, raii«d, ruftoM, waxy, crwiin yellow in mbur. E. 1., E. 3. «nd E. S. Rnemble A. 1. F. I. Medium iixe bacillus with rounded end«. Actirdy motile. On ataining with methylene blue there are two or three dark granulea in moat of the organiinu. Gram negative. OelatvM plain: — 24 /io«r». .Tust visible to the naked eye. Round, white, gliatening. I ohieet- ive brown, edge* entire, granular. Subsequent liquefaction. atUttint Stick.— Growth uniform, line of puncture filiform, growth becomes slightly lioaviet and on the minutes, and then recorded. Very weak Indol. Litmus Milk : — 6 days. No change visible until 6th day, when colour becomes darker. This increases. 6 weeks. Colour is atrocyaneus. There is progressive digestion without coagulation. Potato : — Whitish growth restricted and filiform. 3 weeks. No fuHher change. -. L Medium size moderately thick bacillus with rounded ends, very considerable variation as to size, actively motile, stains well with methylene blue, gram negative. AmCTMD MALMOir, MlMAMIOMt nATOMMMt tfc 8CMIONAL PAPER N». St* Hkoun. JitftviaiUe to the naked eye. 4* hour: Punctifonn. « dayt. 1 . 6 mm. in diameter, round, aaut -w-ihapeu, liquefaction. Whitiab J^r ?i!'' "*r* *"^. "f ' **"*'*• R**'**** Jin- like the q>ok.. of a whed from the centre oonaiatinf of depotited bacteria. With I objective et.',ri,.K, doo« not\tain with or nT^^-lt ; ^°7 '""l"^ ?'\f "J'^^T'-^ "* *'■*• '°""' »«>'nP<''«t"'e, hut 8how8 little or no growth nt 37 C. and u killed at this temperature in ttk-ut mx days. ♦l..t "^ °'K"""'™ «P°s«l to » niixture of ioe and «alt for a week not only survived that low temperature, but grew profuMy while in the mixture. Involution forms were only observed in itlucose media. It appeurs to 1* :< Mriot aerob.-. Pathogenic to fish non-pathogenic to frogg, mice, and gi'iaea-pig.. * ' CuHurt>*.-Room Temperatttre. ring of liquefttction around them of a tra«..parent greyish colour, which ripidly rXr ♦^%P;•»•^^«^•°">""' -n'P»«>tel.v li.,uefied ,„ about :$« hours after ?£ appearance. The de„.e pin-point centre and transparent a... of li.,uefactio,! around is markedly characteristi,- of the bacillus, together with the verv r«3 liquefaction of the gelatine. • ^ " '""t^iis:;;;::S£x^'>' """"■ '" " ^■°"" •■"■« ■"-"• "•* ""'^ CrM Othlne. .OS ,,r „nl J(«<,._Tlio »rowth i. more prot,,.,. CarUl CMim. .OS „, ,„(, a„J._v,.j p,„f,„e j„,,i,. DBPAHTMWST OF TBK NATAL aBRVWB 8 QEORQE V, A. 1»1t Atmr Streak :— Daow, nrufcae, crMunooloarad moiiit •hininv growth klong needle tnck in 18 noun, with irregular margin, whicn gradually iipreada over th« Growth barely viiible. •urface of the agar. Af/ar Smear .— Small pin-jioint oream-oloured oolonie* at the end of 18 houm with iirrguUr •prMtding transparent margini. Agmr Olueom Slab :— Profuae oream-ouloured growth along needle track for about half an inch at the end of 24 houra, •preading on the rarfaoe. The agar gradually beeowtf elo'idji /torn the eurfiue and paralltl to it, and cxlemde for about kalfnpinoh down tke media. Ko gat prodaetion. Agar OlM-ote PlUe :- Crvamcolnured colonie* with moiat ehtning anrfaoe and white eloiidineu around taeh Colon]), Blood Serum :— Bouillon: — At the end of 18 hours the bouillon become* cloudy throughout, with a marked skim on the surface and clinging to side* uf tube, with a slijht depoeit at the bottom. Bouillon iulueoee) :— Similar to ordinary bouillon, but growth much more profuae, BouilUm Tauraehdate Ulucote : ~ 8l«ht growth, turnini, the media slightly red. No gas formation Litmue Milk :— In about 48 hours them is a distinct acid reaction, which gradually increases, and in about seven days the milk become* coagulated and gradually diitcsted. Peptone Water. - Markml cloudinea* throughout at the end of 18 hours. Give* no mdol reaction. Potato:- , J Very profuse yellowiah brown growth at the end of 18 hours, raised on the surface of media like blisters, with moist shining surface. Agar {Anaerohinallil) . — No growth Ko iierceptibli! gniwtli. Very slight growth. No growth. No [lerceptible changt*. Very slight clondinnw at the end of 48 liouf. Givexnoindnl n-actlcm. Vnry sliglit growth in 48 houTa. No growth. The organism also withstands the effect of ordinary water, sterile water and sea- water for a considerable time, as flasks of those inoculated with it and kept at the room temperature for over a month gave profuse growths when reinoculated on agar. It does not, however, survive more than a week in distilled water. It also ki-eps well on sub-cultures, as tubes of agt inoculated from sub-cultures about a year nld gave pro- fuse growths in about 18 hours. I ! '' The chief rharacterintirn of the bacillus are those: — Actively motile, non-spore-bearing bacillus. On .-ub-cultiire it grows profusely in IS hours at the room tompornture. On sub-culture it grows profusely when exposed to deg. C. for a week. Shows little w no firoyth at 37° C. ■ • Is killed at 37° C (98-6° F.) in about sl.t days. Liquefies gelatine with extreme rapidity, ('oagulates and digests milk. Forms a cloiidinexs in flhirosf ai/ar in tlie uoighhourhood of the urowth. (Irows well in sea water. Strict aerobe. Involution forms only obeprve"» ^8 ■"><» 35 days, respectively. not irow *'7^r/i? r** ^'1-^ *^7* *^" "' ^^ ^"t*'- "^^^^^ Saprolegnia does not grow r a 1; therefore a d-seased salmon entering the sea, and returning to tb^ ..ver apparently free from fungus, cannot be said to be free fr^m S,e Zase OOLO-FISH EXPERIMENT. tankYn'oie o^7r!T \"""''^'n.°/ ""^^'^'^ "''^ P"'*'^^^** ""^ placed in a large ank m one of our laboratories. The change of water resulted in a few dying, so to Thev rf T"" '^"^ !^ management we kept them for a month before inocu atU They were then removed from the aquarium and two fish were placed in each of eigh third day. and the fish fed every alternate day. „..» Illl irJ!^**i°" was carried out in the following manner: The fish was taken ? KW .u ""J^ "'"^ *'"' *°P °^ *•>" ^"^'^ ""'1 P"'* °f °n« «i