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£fi^n o/t 
 
 
 ^J^ 
 
 4, 18«5.] 
 
 ONOB A WEEK. 
 
 10 
 
 Harry ! " He almost pushed her 
 >m him aa he hurried to the door. It 
 e time before Edith joined her mother 
 
 nie, and when nhe did so her eyes were 
 , though it was the common belief in 
 
 ily that Edith never pried. 
 
 "HOW WjrWteNnTTFOKT'tlUPERT," 
 
 AND MaDK a StRANOB PURCHASE. 
 
 VioTORiA, the capital of Vancouver Island, 
 now a thriving town, in 1857 bad barely com- 
 menced its existence ; its subsnqueut rapid 
 rise and growth in commercial prosperity 
 being solely attributable to the gold discoveries 
 on the Eraser, and latterly to the vast gold 
 fields of Carraboo. 
 
 My story commences on board the Hudson's 
 Bay Company's steamer, The Otter, as she 
 puffed and twisted out of Victoria Harbour 
 one sunny morning in the year 1857 ; our 
 destination. Fort Rupert, a trading post of 
 the Company's at the extreme north end of 
 Vancouver Island. Aa we left the harbour, 
 the scenery opened out like a magnificent 
 panorama, indescribably wild and beautiful. 
 In front, the sharp jagged mountains of the 
 coast range, wooded to the sea-line, towering 
 up in the far distance to the regions of eternal 
 snow. To the left, the rounder hills of the 
 iiland, sloping easily to the water's edge, in 
 gr&ssy glades and Jawn-like openings, belted 
 with scrub-oaks, that higher up the hill sides 
 are overshadowed by the Douglas pine and 
 oedar. Just visible in our course, like a green 
 •peck, the famed Island of St. Juan ; whilst 
 bending away to the right as far as eye could 
 reach, the dense forests of Oregon looked like 
 one vast unbroken sea of green. 
 
 To take in a fkvsh supply of coal, we called 
 at Nainimo, now the great coaling dep6t of 
 the island, at this early stage of its history 
 consisting of about a dozen log shanties built 
 in a row overlooking the harbour, inhabited 
 by the coal miners and employes of the far- 
 trading establishments. 
 
 Whilst <* coaling," a deputation of Indian 
 hravti^ headed by a young chief, waited on 
 the captain of the steamer. Squatted in a 
 circle on the deck, the all-essential pipe 
 smoked, the object of their visit was disclosed. 
 
 The Fort Rupert Indians residing at the 
 Indian village and trading post we were 
 en route to visit, had very recently made a 
 raid on these, the Nainimo savages ; in the 
 foray the old chief had been killed, several 
 braves seriously injured, and what was worse 
 than all, the favourite wife of the deceased 
 dignitary seised, and carried off a slave. The 
 young chief, it seems, had loved the wife of 
 lua predecessor, and was willing to pay any 
 
 ransom for his lost darling. After a long 
 wa waa (talk), the captain consented to effect 
 a purchase if possible, and bring back on our 
 return the lost one to the arms of her sable 
 lover. 
 
 Nothing could be more enjoyable than our 
 run through the Gulf of Georgia, that opens 
 out into a wide expanse for a distance of forty 
 miles betwixt Nainimo and Valdes Island, 
 tlien suddenly narrows to a channel about a 
 mile in width, completely walled in by rocks ; 
 this narrow channel is Discovery Passage. 
 About a mile from its entrance we passed a 
 large Indian village, the home of the Tah-cul> 
 tas, a powerful band, of most predatory habits, 
 and generally at war with the different tribes 
 north and south of them ; they own a perfect 
 fleet of canoes, a great many slaves, and they 
 scalp and plunder all they can lay hands on. 
 
 For fourteen miles Discovery Passage is 
 much the same width, untU reaching Menzies' 
 Bay, where the rapids commence. At the 
 base of these rapids, the channel is barely a 
 quarter of a mile wide, suddenly opening out 
 into a large pond-like space. The tide rushes 
 down the narrow passage at the rate of ten 
 knots an hour, and to get up through it w&s 
 as much as our little steamer could accomplish. 
 Panting and struggling, sometimes hardly 
 moving, at others carried violently against the 
 shore, by slow degrees she breasted the current 
 and got safely through. The rapids cleared, 
 the remainder of the passage lay Uirough open 
 bays and groups of islands. 
 
 We are steaming into Beaver Harbour, a 
 stiff breeze, a good half-gale, blowing dead in- 
 shore. 
 
 The so-called harbour, being nothing more 
 than an open roadstead, is disagreeably rough ; 
 a heavy sea rolls angrily in, dashing in foamy 
 breakers on tJie rocky coast line. 
 
 We anchor about a mile from shore, the 
 skipper deeming it unsafe to venture nearer. 
 To announce our arrival, a gun is to be fired ; 
 this, I observed, was rather a service of danger 
 to the sailor who had to touch it off, inasmuch 
 as it waa just an equal chance whether the 
 bulk of the charge came through the barrel or 
 the touch-hole, the latter having become so 
 capacious from rust and long xisage, as to 
 necessitate the employment of an enormously 
 long wand with a piece of lighted slowmatch 
 tied to the end of it. All hands having 
 cleared away, and carefully concealed them- 
 selves, the wand slowly appears from a secure 
 hiding-place, and the wheezing bang proclaims 
 "all's safe." 
 
 The report was still echoing through the 
 distant hills, when countless tiny specks were 
 discernible dancing over the waves like sea 
 
M^£. 
 
 20 
 
 ONCE A WEEK. 
 
 (JtKK 21, i8<r. 
 
 30»v. 
 
 '.^*> 
 
 \«<n| 
 
 birds. Oh they caniv, a perfect skoal of them, 
 ueurer and nearer, all evidently bound for the 
 ship. I could make out clearly now that the 
 specks were cjinocs filled wiih Indians. By 
 this time our bcmt was lowere<l ; how I got 
 into it, I never clearly remember ; I have a 
 dim recollection of descending a rope witli 
 great rapidity, and finding myself sprawling in 
 the bottom of the boat, and being dragged up 
 by the captain, much after the fashion adopted 
 by clowuH in a pantomime to reinstate the 
 prostrate pantaloon uixju his legs. At any 
 rate I was safe, and the boat, propelled by 
 four sturdy rowers, ncared the shore. 
 
 On looking round, I observed the canoes had 
 all turned towards the boat, and we were soon 
 surrounded with the most extraordinary fleet 
 I had ever beheld ; the canoes were of all 
 sizes, varying from those used for war purpoHes, 
 holding thirty men, to the cockle-shell paddled 
 by a squaw. With the exception of a bit of 
 skin or old blanket tied round the waist, 
 the savages were all perfectly nude, their long 
 black hair hung in tangled elf-locks down their 
 backs, their faces and bodies painted in most 
 fantastic patterns with red and white. Keep- 
 ing steadily along with us, they continually 
 ralieved their feeluigs by giving utterance to 
 the most wild and fiendish yells that ever 
 came from human throats. 
 
 As we nearetl the landing, I coidd see the 
 chief trader of the Hudson's Bay Company, cou- 
 spicuously white amidst a group of red-skins, 
 waiting to receive us. The boat grated on 
 the shingle some distance from the beach, 
 white with spray. " Surely you don't expect 
 mo to go ashore like a seal } " I appealingly 
 inquired of the captivin. Before he had time 
 to reply, four powerful savages, up to their 
 waists in water, jUUd me out of the boat ; two 
 taking my heels, and two my shoulders, bore 
 me (as I have seen " bobbies " convey a 
 drunken man) safely to the shore. Having 
 handed my letters of introduction from his 
 Excellency to the chief trader, I was presented 
 to the chiefs as a Hijas tyee (great chief), one 
 of "King George's" men. So we shook 
 hands, and I attempted to move towards the 
 Fort : it was not to bo done ; to use the 
 mildest term, I was " mobbed ; " old savages 
 and young savages, old squaws and young 
 squaws, even to boy and girl savages, rusheil 
 and scrambled as to who should first shake 
 hands with me. Had I been a "pump" on a 
 desert, surrounded by thirst-famished Indians, 
 and each arm a handle, they could not have 
 been more vigorously plied. Being rescued at 
 last by the combined efibrts of trader and 
 captain, I was marched into the Fort, the 
 gates shut with a heavy clang, and most thank- 
 
 ful 
 
 *^V 
 
 was I to be safe from any further deuu.u- Y*^]^ ^^et 
 strations of friendship. The evening paHi,ed ^*^. ^^ve 
 
 rapidly and pleasantly away ; my host was a 
 thorough sportMnian, full of anecdote, and 
 hospitable to a fault. 
 
 Awaking early, I wandered > out, ani up 
 into the biistioa ID^IIm. FcrK ti'^he sun was 
 just creeping up from behind the rii,i;qed 
 peaks of the Cascade Mountains, tinting with 
 rosy light their snow-clad summits ; the wind 
 Iiad lulled, or gone off to sea on some bois- 
 terous errand ; the harbour, smooth as a lake, 
 looked like burnished silver. There was a 
 wild grandeur about the scenery, that awoke 
 feelings of awe rather than admiration ; every- 
 where nothing but vast piles of craggy moun- 
 tains, clad from the snow-line to the sea with 
 dense pine forests ; not an open grassy spot, 
 or even a naked mass of rock, peeped out to 
 break the fearful monotony of these intermin- 
 able hills. 
 
 The Trading Post is a square, enclosed by 
 immense trees, one end sunk in the ground, 
 and placed close together. A platform, about 
 the height of an ordinary man from the top 
 of these pickets, is carried along the sides of 
 this square, so as to enable anyone to peep 
 over without being in danger from an arrow or 
 bullet. The entrance is dosed by two massive 
 gates, on inner and outer ; all the houses— 
 the chief trader's, employes', trading-house, 
 fur-room, and stores — are within the square. 
 The trade-room is cleverly contrived so as to 
 prevent a sudden rush of Indians ; the 
 approach from outside the pickets is by a long 
 narrow pa.ssage, bent at an acute angle neu: 
 the window of the trade-room, being only o'. a 
 suflicieut width to admit one savage at a time 
 (this precaution is necessary, inasmuch as, 
 were the passage straight they would inevitably 
 shoot the trader). 
 
 At the angle-s nearest the Indian village 
 are two bastions, octagonal in shape, and of a 
 very doubtful style of architecture. Four 
 embrasures in each bastion would lead tlie un- 
 initiated to believe in the existence of as many 
 formidable cannons; with rammers, sponges, 
 neat piles of round shot and grape, magazines of 
 powder, and ready hands to load and fire, and, 
 at the slightest symptom of hostility, to work 
 havoc and destruction on any red-skiimed 
 rebels daring to dispute the supremacy of the 
 Hudson's Bay Company. Imagine my surprise 
 on entering this fortress to discover all this a 
 plea.sant fiction : two small rusty carronades, 
 buried in the accumulated dust and rubbish of 
 years, that no human power could have loaded, 
 were the sole occupants of the mouldy old 
 turrets. 
 
 The bell for breakfast recalling me, I 
 
 teV: 
 
 
 T0^*« 
 
 At' 
 
 gftl 
 
 .ieB» 
 
 
J:'^"!: 
 
 ""I'^j; 
 
 '','"'</, 
 "out 
 
 '5 top 
 
 ha Of 
 
 Me, 
 to 
 
 Junk 24, ISfiVJ 
 
 ONCE A WEEK. 
 
 2] 
 
 Jokingly inquirea of the cliief trader if ho 
 hftd ever been cibiiged to use this caiiiioii for 
 dufeiiHive purponea. He laughed as he replied : 
 " There is a traditiun that ut Home remote 
 period the guns were actually fired, not at the 
 rebellious natives, but over their heads ; iu- 
 stoiul of being terror-stricken at the white 
 man's thunder, away they all scampered in 
 purHuit of the ball, found it, and, marching in 
 triumph back to the fort gate, offered to trade 
 it, that it might be fired again ! " 
 
 Breakfast finished, the trader, captain, and 
 myself started for the village. Clear of the 
 gates, we scrambled down a rooky path, crossed 
 a mountain burn dividing the Indians from 
 the fort, and entered " the City of the Red- 
 skins," which consists of a long row of huts, 
 each hut nearly square, the exterior fantasti- 
 cally frescoed in hieroglyphic patterns, in 
 white, rod, and blue, having, however, a sym- 
 bolic meaning or heraldic value, like the 
 totum of the Indians east of the Rocky 
 Mountains ; four immense trees, barked and 
 worked smooth, support each corner, the tops, 
 like pediments to a column, carved to resemble 
 some horrible monster ; the hut constructed 
 of cedar plank chipped from the solid tree 
 with cliisels and hatchets miide of stone : many 
 hands combine to accomplish tliis, hence a liut 
 becomes the joint property of sovei-J families. 
 Five tribes live at this village :— 
 
 Qua-Kars (numbering about) 
 
 Qiial-quUths 
 
 Kum-cutes 
 
 Wan-lish 
 
 Look-qua-lillas 
 
 
 >> 
 
 800 warriors 
 100 
 
 70 
 
 60 
 
 80 
 
 
 The entire population, even to the dogs, 
 turned out on our advent. It was puzzling to 
 imagine where they all came from. We soon 
 formed the centre of tlie vilest assemblage man 
 ever beheld ; nothing 1 have ever seen in 
 pictures or pantomime portraying demons, was 
 half as ugly. The object of our visit was soon 
 made known, and a ring was immediately 
 formed by chiefs and braves, the squaws and 
 children outside. 
 
 Had any charming princess, captive in an 
 enchanted castle, been guarded by such a col- 
 lection of painted ragamuffins as now sur- 
 rounded us, he would have been a valorous 
 knight that had dared venture to release her. 
 
 The first question dLscussed being the price, 
 a much larger sum was asked than we felt dis- 
 posed to pay. Although the slave belonged 
 solely to one Indian, the power to sell resting 
 with him only, still everyone bad their say. 
 Men gurgled and spluttered strangely unintelli- 
 gible noises, women cbaf^jred and screamed 
 
 like furies, whiUt cliildreu engaged in small 
 battles outside the ring. 
 
 Thirty blankets and two trade guns — equal 
 to 502 sterling, the price to be paid — were the 
 termfl at lust agreed on. We then adjourned 
 to the shed where the slave was a prisoner. 
 
 I was in a groat stiite of expectation, pictur- 
 ing to myself an Indian Helie, limbs exqui- 
 sitely moulded, native grace and elegance in 
 every movement, gorgeous in " wampum," 
 paint, and waving fe;ithers, — such as I hiul 
 read of as " Laughing Water," or " Prairie 
 Flower," in the full bloom of youthful loveli- 
 ness. 
 
 Being carried, so to speak, into the shed, 
 a waif in the stream of siivages rushing like 
 a human torrent to get in, with all the 
 breath squeezed out of me, I was deposited 
 somewhere ; but as my head was enveloped in 
 a dense cloud of pungent smoke, it was some- 
 time ero I discovered I was close to the cap- 
 tain. " Sit down," he roared, "you will die 
 of suffocation if you keep your head in the 
 smoke." At once I seated myself on the floor, 
 and can now quite understand what being suffo- 
 cated in a chimney, as climbing boys were 
 wont to be, is like. 
 
 Once more enabled to see, it was easy to 
 discover the secret : there being no place for 
 the smoke to escape arising from about twenty 
 £res, it naturally accumulates at the top of the 
 shed, and one literally, not figiiratively, " lives 
 under a cloud." There was a hum and buzz, 
 as in a nest of angry hornets ; the din was in- 
 creased by the dogs that fought and rolled in 
 where I sat, aiid being by no means particular 
 whether they bit my legs, or any other man's, 
 it required a deal of agility to keep clear. 
 
 During an interval of peace, it was easy to 
 make out that the slave was coming. 
 
 I longed for my field-glass to magnify her 
 charms, expecting her to glide from beneath 
 the smoke like a spirit — a veritable painted 
 Venus. 
 
 Alas, how fleeting are imaginary pictures- 
 poetic dreams — castles in the air ! 
 
 Half crouching, and waddling rather than 
 walking, came my ideaL Her only covering 
 a ragged, filthy old blanket ; her face be- 
 grimed with the dirt and paint of a lifetime ; 
 short, fat, repulsive, about forty years old, the 
 incarnation of ugliness, a very Hecate ! 
 
 All my romance vanished like a dissolving 
 view. For what had I been squeezed nearly 
 to death, half-suffocated, poisoned with a 
 noxious stench, my legs imperilled by in- 
 furiated curs, my ears deafened, half devoured 
 by insatiable blood-suckers ? — to aid in paying 
 601. for the ugliest old savage I ever saw. 
 
 All the chiefs assembled at the Fort in the 
 
-»>/ 
 
 23 
 
 ONCE A WEEK. 
 
 (JintR 34, 18M. 
 
 evening, to receive payment and hand over 
 the ulave. Squatting on their heels, nose and 
 knees together, their backH against the wall, 
 they formed a circle. The pipe produced 
 (nothing can be done without it) — I say j»t;)c, 
 aa oncoitly is URed, — filled and lighted, it pa-SHOH 
 from mouth to mouth ; each taking a good pull, 
 puffs the smoke slowly thr«>ugh his nostrils. 
 The thirty blankets and two guns being piled 
 in the centre of this strange araemblHge, the 
 slave was led in. Each blanket undergoing a 
 most careful inspection, the guns being snapped 
 and pointed, were finally approved of. A 
 hufky grunt from each of the council denoted 
 general approval. The guns and blankets 
 were carried off in triumph ; and we became 
 the fortunate possessors of " t/ie stranfje 
 jmrehaae." J. K. L. 
 
 THE I^D^ ok,tbe/^y.;b^k. 
 
 OBAFTBB I. 
 
 Iv the year 1776, a young woman stopped 
 at the village of Bourton, near Bristol, and 
 begged the refireahment of a little milk. In 
 her whole appearance there was something that 
 irresiatibly engaged the attention of all who 
 beheld her. She was young and beautiful, 
 and to a highly interesting countenance she 
 added graceful and elegant manners. 
 
 Alone, a stranger, and in extreme distress, 
 ■he used no arts to excite compassion, and ut- 
 tered no complaint. Her whole deportment 
 exhibited signs of auperiur breeding, but all 
 her worda and aotiona were marked by a cer- 
 tain wildness and want of consistency. As 
 she could not be induced to make known her 
 name, she was diatinguished by that of Louisa. 
 After having wandered about all day in search 
 of a resting-place, when night came she laid 
 herself down under a hay-staok. In vain did 
 the neighbouring ladies expostulate with her 
 on the dangers of such a situation. By them 
 ■he was supplied with the necessaries of life, 
 but neither threats nor entreaties could prevail 
 on her to sleep in a house. As she at timet 
 discovered symptoms of insanity, she wan con- 
 veyed to Bristol, and confined in St Peter's 
 Hospital, in that city. When released, she 
 hastened with all the speed her shattered 
 strength allowed to her favourite hay-staok, 
 which was six miles from the place of her con- 
 finement. Her delight knew no bounds on find- 
 ing herself once more free and safe beneath this 
 miserable shelter. For four yean she devoted 
 herself to this wretched life without knowing 
 the comfort of a bed or the protection of a 
 foot Although hardship, nckneea, and misery 
 gradually impaired her health and injured her 
 
 beauty, fhe had still a lovely figure and an 
 uncommon sweetness of air nnd manner. She 
 would neither wear nor accept finery or orna- 
 ments, but hung them on the bufthes as un- 
 worthy her Attention. Her way of life was 
 harmless and inoffensive ; every fine morning 
 she walked about the villngo, conversed with 
 the poor children, and mnde them presents of 
 such things as had been given her, receiving 
 in return milk and tea, for on this simplu diet 
 only would she live. When asked by the 
 neighbouring ladies to live in a house, she 
 always replied " that trouble and misery dwelt 
 in houses, and that there wns no happiness 
 but in liberty and fresh air." From a curtain 
 peculiarity of expre8.iion, the construction of 
 some of her sentences, and a slightly foreign ac- 
 cent, it was thought that she was not a native 
 of England, and various attempts were mode, 
 biit in vain, to draw from her some knowledge 
 of her origin. A gentleman who went to see 
 her, having addressed her in different conti- 
 nental languages, she seemed restless, uneasy, 
 and embarrassed ; when at last he spoke iu 
 German, she could no longer suppress her 
 emotion, but turned away from him and burst 
 into tears. At length the unfortunate girl 
 was removed to the village of Bittou, iu Glou- 
 cestershire. Here she was placed under the 
 care of Mr. Henderson, the keeper of a pri- 
 vate mad-house, Mrs. Hannah More and her 
 sisters undertaking the management of a sub- 
 scription to defray the necessary expenses. 
 By the attentions of a clever physician, her 
 health improved, but her intellects became 
 more impaired. It was thought there was 
 more of idiotism than lunacy observable in her 
 behaviour. 
 
 As it had been concluded from her accent 
 that she was of German origin, e^ery particu- 
 lar that could be collected concerning her was 
 translated into that language, and sent to the 
 newspapers of Vienna and other large cities 
 of Germany, in the hope that it might lead 
 to some discovery. The story was also pub- 
 lished in the principal towns of France. These 
 measures, however, yielded no certain light 
 on the history of poor Louisa ; but in the 
 year 1785, a pamphlet, without name or place, 
 appeared in the French language, called *' The 
 Stranger : a True History." It was thought 
 to have been originally published in some part 
 of the Austrian dominions. The author gives 
 an affecting account of the sufferings of the 
 poor stranger in the neighbourhood of Bristol, 
 translated from the English newspapers, leaving 
 it to the public to determine whether the un- 
 happy Louisa and the subject of his story were 
 not one and the aame person. Thu question 
 may also be left to the deoiaion of the prewnfe