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Un dee symboles suivants apparaltra sur la dernlAre Image de cheque microfiche, selon le ces: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols ▼ signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charta, etc.. may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning In the upper left hend corner, left to right end top to bottom, as many frames es required. The following diagrama illustrate the method: Les cartes, pianchas, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmAs A dee taux de rAductlon diff Arents. Lorsque le document est trop grend pour Atre reproduit en un seul cllchA, 11 est filmA A pertir de Tangia supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite. et de haut en bas, en prenent le nombre d'Imagas nAceesaire. Les diagrammes suivents lllustrent le mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 S 6 ■r^ LETTERS Md EXTRACTS ON u THE RIEL QUESTION > ) WITH NOTES BY THE HONORABLE DR. McMILLAN Safety and equal Government, are things Which subjects make, as happy as their kings." -Waller. ALEXANDRIA : Pkistkd ax the Office of " Thk Gi-fwakriAiV." 1887. •f i» ^- IO(f^ " safety and crinal Govcniinont, are things, Which Bubjects innkp, af* hnppy as tholr klnRH.'' — Wiillen TO THE FRICK AND INDEPENDENT ELK(T()H8 OF THE COT NT Y (W GLENGAKRY. Gknti.bmkx: Lord Mansfifeld, in an important debate in tlie House of Lords, in Eng- land, in the yerr 1770, u»ed these memorable Mords : "True liberty, in my opinio.t, ran only exist where justice is equally administered to all, to the king and to the beggar;" and it is much to be regretted, that in the noon-tido of the nineteenth ■ cntury, with the experience, knowledio^o and opportunities wo have had, as well m the lessonw vre have learned from history, that the principles and maxims embodied in tbo aboY* ^rotation are not more closely observed and practiced in Canada. I .,m led to the above conclusion by the attempt that is beinjj; miule t*. drag into the eiecUons, perhaj* soon to be held, a subject much to be deplored by every true Canadian. I mean the execution of Louis Iliel, subverting and des'^^royinfj; as it docs, the old political issues and lines of the two parties, which aflect tlie welfare and I)ro8perity of the Country, and substituting therefor one of religious and national anti- pathy, with its consequent strifes, struggles, bitterness and bad feeling, jus; to serve for a time as a means by which the party led by the Honorable Itklward Bhike may he phiced in power. Here is an extract from a. speech which the Hon. Mr. Laurier delivered at the meeting oft Champ de Mars, a» reported in La Patrie of the 26th ISovember, 1885 : " Heaoeforth there will be neither Liberals nor Conservatives; only the great na» tional party composed of the old Liberals and the old Conservatives." Again let m© jj^ve an extract from a paper called iMPregae of the 16th November, 1S85, which is SS follows : "From this day we can consider all the old political division of party as having ceas- ed to exist in Lower Canada. When nationality is outraged and menaced, there can no longer be Liberals or Conservatives, there can be but the party of patriots. Henceforth, lliere be but two parties, the national party and the hanging party." A setise of duty which I feel I owe to the people of my native county, and an •earnest debire that the grossly distorted facts and wicked misrepresentations, in con- nection with the recent insurrection in the North West, impels me to ))riofly recapitu- late the lending events in the incipiency of the trouble in order that the electors of GUmgarry may have a fair idea of Kiel's responsibility and the freedom from all real blame iu.which the Government must be held by right thinking and honest men. I T)' ay say at the outset that as one holding Her Majesty's commission in the innate o' Canada, t cannot be fairly accused of having addressed you for any personal favor or idvancement, I have " no axe to grind." But while I claim this, I feel it does not ><88en my responsibilities to you and to my country, but on the contrary, rentier it ikOte incumbent on me, at a time when men's bitterest passions are aroused, invoh'ing ifaingerouS consequences to our Constitution, that I .should at least venture to adUresd th« people of Glengarry, as lovers of their country, to crush out such insidious arid unpatt^ot^ attempts to gain a' temporarj' advantage at the expense of law, order and goo(i Government —Iramplinj,' u.ider foot the idea that a (.Jovernment iH to l)( punished because it will not violate that essential iirinciple to true liberty, that justice should " beecjually administered to all." To any ordinary observer, it became apparent froni the day on which LouIh Hid vras taken prisoner near Batocho, till the day on which he was executed at Reginu, tluit loading men of the Blake-Laurier part)', and their organs, were prepared to nuike U8 • of this question against Sir John Macdonald and his CJovernment, whether this poor unfcrtunata man was found guilty or not, and if found guilty, whether his puiiishmenr would 1)0 that of imprisonment or death. 'I'ho (ilobr said as much during the trial, that >tho whole proceedings would be only a sham, and that Sir Jolm would go through the farca of trying Rid in order to please Ontario, but in the end tliat ho would yield te Quebec influences and rob justice of its right In its issue of July 24th, 1S85, that paper said : "The trial i>rogrammo points in the one direction ; hurry throngli the case Remember that every moment the (ourt is open tliere is danger that something may be blurted out that will damage the Government. Let the Jiadge somewhat 1)rusquely set aside all objections, though every one of these may hold large material for uii appeal. Let what many tnink are reasonable fi ilities for securing evidence for tlM defence be refused, and everything be proceeded ^Mth as if conviction were a foregone conclusion. Then what follows? A good case is made out on which Riel's friends an' compatriots can iv that tho crimimil has not bad a fair trial. 'I'ho Imperial (Toverii- ment can be worked upcyi to bring its influence to bear with Sir John Macdonaid. Lord Salisbury will never dare to face the country without having first tried all he c an to avoid the ahedding i;i Britis'. Territory of a su-'rendcred rebel's blood. There wlli be " it to Sir John Macdonaid a communication i^^ the eft'ect that, inasmuch as a large 1 ,er of Her Majesty's subjects are of opinion that Riel's trial was unfairly conducted , th jfore, it ie Her Majesty's earnest wish that the criminal's life should be spared. Sir John will shelter himself behind Her Majesty, will reprieve Riel, Avill ' wish to God he could catch him ;' will point to the Globe in order to prove that he tried very bar. I to convict Riel, and every Tory politician. in the land will be satistied." As soon as Riel was convicted, the same paper, witlx many others of the leadin.' organs of that party, were clamoring for his blood. Here are a few extracts from th<' Ghbe prior to the execution : "Nothing short of hanging for Riel will satisfy the people of this Province. Ti he does not get that it will \m because the pistol has been put to Sir John's ear by French Canadian influence, and this should be a just and sufticient cause for Ontarin to call a halt and demand a re-construction of the federal ship or a disunion. A French ascendancy is out of the question and not to be endured or tolerated." At another time the Globe said : '• The English-speaking people will not much longer submit to French dictation. If Confederation is to oe maintained intact, the laws must be impartially administereti irrespective of nationality, color or religion; neither must one Province be. allowed t' bleed another, as is the case at present. Riel not only shed blood himselJ', but cause ' blood to be shed without having the slightest cause to do so. And not to hang su(;h ; villain is unpardonable. The demand made in Ontario is not a cry for vengeance, bni a demand simply to let the law take its course on a notorious malefactor." You will observe this quotation says, "caused blood to be shed without havin,: the slightest cause to do so." In October, 1885, it said : . 'v " The Globe is not so wholly ignorant of latter-day Toryism as not to know tlntt whatever is done with Riel, not one of those votes which >Sir John Macdonaid calls bis own will be lost to him. Had Riel's plans for rising the Indians succeeded; had l- second rebellion deluged the North-A\est with blood as at one time seemed possible ; had there been 2,()00 instead of 200 victims slaughtered; had the whole country be; i laid desolate, we know enough of the unprincipled gang which supports Sir Join: Macdonaid to know that he would not have lost a vote in Parliament." But just as soon us the law was allowed to take its course, we find the sann' paper changing its tone ; it saw a ch: ce of power iv the distance, while other papc: Xnrth- iment i« to he ly, that ju.sth » id I Louin Kiel at liegiim, thill 1 to niako us>' 'tlier tin's poo; UKpuninhmtMii g the trial, tha- iio throTigh the Mould yield to S85, that paper MXiih the cnwi • omothin;.' ma} viiat brusquely :utterial for uii idence for tin ere a foregoiu ^I's friends aiK' porial (-rove n I- hn I^Iacdonaiil. tried all he can xl. There will luch as a larprc ,irly conducted, 5uld be spared. 11 ' ^viHh to Cioil ;ried very bar. I s of the leadin;: tracts ironi tb<> a Province. If John's ear by use for Ontario ion. A French 'ench dictation, y adniiniHtered J be allowed ti self, but caused to hanj? such a vengeance, but ttdthout hiiviu;,' )t to know that lonald calls hi--^ L>oded ; had hi emed pnsHibl( ; i country be;-ii porta Sir John liud the sanii' ie other papo : belonging to the party were as loudly holding up the execution as unjuHt, BitfrderojNS- [iind nut l>etter than State lynching. I w ill give an extract again from the Olobf! : *' To refuse Bympathy to our foUovv-count rymen in Quebec, to hold that bocaiule they [wish to puniwh tlie Government wo will maintain it, would \m almost an incredible in.stance of narrow-minded race |»rojudicr md bigotry." I will conllne myself to the Glohr here as it is my 'utention later on to show the K);»lnion.s of thi.s journal and other organs of the party before and aftei tho execution. Tliis rebellion took place in a small section of the North-West, in tho Saakatch- h'wan district, on tlio South branch of the river which henTH that name, bearing in ex- |i Mit about as nuurh in jiroportion to the North West as the County of Glengarry does to [liicrrovinces of Ontario and Quebec. Ttcontained two-\undred and fifty-eight settlers; lamoug them were many half-breeds, or Metis as they are sometimes called, who had Icome from the TVovince of Manitoba, and who had been acquainted with Louis Kiel before he loft there after tho rebellion of lH()()-70, for the Unitod States, where ho had T Ixjlieve, ever since rrnjded, and had taken the oath of allegiance to that Country. .\niong these 258 settlers wero also some white people. The Manitoba >ialf-breod3 had ;roceived their lands from tho (Government while in that Province, but sold them and iiioved to this part of the jSorth-West, expecting that they would not bo known and liiat they would receive a grant of land there also. Some of the white j^eoplo who Avere speculators and land grabbers in that section were like vultures on their tracks, knowing if they received these lands that tliey would sell them as they diu(;erning afi'airs on Canadian territory could cross the borders and retain any influ- ence. But here is another view. The ('anadian Government owe me two hundred and forty acres of land according to the thirty-first clause of the Manitoba treaty. They owe nie also, five lots, valuable on account of hay, timber and river frontage. These lots were mine accordin-^ to the dilferent j^)aragraphs of the same thirty-first clause of I the above-mentioned Manitoba treaty, it is the Canadian Government which have I deprived me, directly or indirectly, of those properties. Besides if thev only pay atten- tion to it a minute, they will easily find out that they owe me something else. Thcwe my claims against them, are such as to hold good, notwithstanding the fact that I have 't)ecome an American citizen. Considering then your interest and mine, I accept your very kind invitation." Soon after liicVs arrival in the Country, ho set h'mself up as a man acting under. Divine guidance. Charles Xolin, a prominent half-breed and an intimate friend of his, and the Reverend Vital Fourraond in a suit, tho Queen v.s. Arcand, et. al., Kiel's followers swore as follow.^ : "I Charles Nolin, of tlie Parish of St. Laurent, district of Saskatchewan, in the North-West Teri^tories, being duly sworn, doth depose and say : " I knew Louis Kiel, the leader and promoter of the rebellion. He is a man who v.ieldcd a njost wonderful influence over the uneducated, credulous and ignorant half- In-eed jiopulation, so mucli .so. that he did successfully lead them astray, against the r.n'Qonstrdnces and advice of their priests, who have always been looked up to by them M^f ^- .mirent, Wreotor of Catliolic MissionB, beiiiK duly sworn . (i as tlioir true Iricmls, i)rotcctorH and RuidcH, in all thoir conrerns from the rrndle to th jjravo. " Riol n'sortod to the inoHt \inuHunl moans to Heonro an ovorfHmorin^r influonct over the minds of the hiilf-brued jn'oplc. For inHtun(!o, toexcitt) afet'linKofiiwe in their mindH, and no doubt with a view to making? them believe that he waH acting under Divine inHtru(;tions, curly in the V)0)?innin>; of winter ho ordered all jiersonH w-lio hinl oofUHiou to butcher or kill cattle, to wave the blood for him, and from the lirHt day o! January he fed excluHively on blood inHtead of fiewh meat, the blood bein^? cooked in milk. 'This conduct made a deep imprcHsion on his super jtitious duj^s, and when com- bined with his continual praying and his daily revelation of the visions lie had the pn - ceding niKht, and thevitit of saints and the repeated conversations he had with tlw Holy Cihost, the poor Iiaif-breeds were convinced in their souls that Kiel was Goil's envov and that it would oo a mortal sin to refuse to obey and follow l>im as the chic t api)ointod by Cxod to lead them. " I, Vital Fourmond, of St. Lf •loth depose and say : "That I am perfectly aware of the ujirising of the half-breeds and of the causes which led thereto, and I am compelled to declare that the poor half-breeds were coaX('-called Provisional (lovernment, whether at St. Laurent or a' Batochc, the evidence of this my deposition is so certain and manifest that it docsnci admit of anv doubt. " " Louis 'David ' Kiel, in his strange and alarming folly, fascinated our poor hall' brced.s as the snake is said to fas(;inate its victim, abusing, for his own ends, the grcai confidence that all the half-breeds reposed in lum u confidence founded upon his in- lluonce over their minds through his great and impassioned languajie, and above all c" the apixniranco cf his profound religious feeling and devotion, which lie displayed ii. the most glaring and hypocritical manner, which wiis rendered so convincing to their minds by his public proclamation of his mission as an inspired prophet, which ho forced upon their imagination in the most insidious and diabolical manner ; he proclaimc(i Iniuself a new Moses, who iiad come to deliver his people from bondage and to place them in a new land of promise. " To impress the people and keep them withfh his power, this man, Kiel, resortc(' to all kinds of trickery. Often have 1 seen him praying aloud, prostrating liimself in prayer and ordering all the others to do so. Thus he made a deep impression on hiff poor ignorant dujHBS and so convinced them of his divine mission that it was impossible ti> convince them that he was a trickster and would lead them to destruction. Kiel ."'i played on their ignorance that be made them believe in his power to work miraclen , they firmly believed this." Having thus set himself up as a being of suiiernatural power, his next step was to opjxiso and persecute the clergy, who were, of course, in his way, and opposed to Ivi^" selllsh designs. Ho took possession of their churches, holding his councils and meetings therein. At these gatherings he inflamed the minds of these j)eople and ma(lt> real grievances to appear where none existed. This continued for some time; at last they became re.stless, presenting grievances and making demands which could not be ontertaijied ; and the Government finding that the matter Avas assuming a serious aspect, appointed by an Order-in-Council, dated LHith January, lS85,a commission to ,e<~' to the North-AVest, examine into the troubles, and redressfgrievances if any existed ; but , before this commission could get there, Kiel precipitated the rebellion, tlie first collision between himself and the troops taking place ^Oth March, 1SS5. At all his meetings, and while inciting these people to rebel, he was in commniu- cation with, and had present many of the Indians with their chiefs, making them extravagant promises if they would join him to " fight the Government rolicc." In this ho succeeded, for when the real iigiiting began, the Indians wercin large numbers among his followers ; besides those, he had at outposts such ha Poundmaker, Big Bear, and others, acting under his instructions, destroying and taking the projierties of tlu' Hudson's Bay stores and white people, and murdering them without mercy, irrespective of age, condition or position. 10 rrft»JU» to th ■ orinp influonct iofjiwe in tlioir iiH uctinj;; under irmnn who lunl tho first (lay You will remember that 1 have aln»ttdy said that Kiel left tlw country in 1870: uiid had taken the oath of allegiance in the United States. It is therefore evident that ba htid no genuine claims as a Metis for lauds in the Norths ample proof, and I will without any comments, give the following extracts, which every Catholic of tha Dominion will believe, from the " Annals of tho Propagation of the Faith.** These volumes are published in London, and the article I refer to is in the September number. They are published with reference to Catholic missions all over tho world, under the special charge of the Pope, the Cardinals and Archbishoi)a of the Churchv The article is prefaced in these words : •* We publish a touching letter on the civil war which ravaged Canada and cattsed ilte deaths of two missionaries, the Kev. Fathers Fafard and Marchand." On page 833 tlie following occurs : " About a year ago, some 30 agitators, under pretence that the Government violated their most sacred rights, frequently assembled secretly in the woods, and beneath tha shadow of the gigantic firs, hatched their plots and bound themselves by oath not to divulge to any one the object they had in view. Of course we disapproved highly of tliese secret proceedings, and the consequence was a sudden irritation excited against tha clergy ; the populace accusing us of no longer favoring their interests as wo used to tla One of the first acts of these assemblies was to send to the shores of the Missouri, across the Canadian border, in search of the too famous Kiel, the great chief of the Metis move- ment in 1870, who since that event became an American citizen. ** I cannot help fooling a great fear or dread of that man's influence and a heavy frar for the future that awaits us. These fears were only too well justifiei!. During tli# six months suasire words i vf darkness the patron given by Monseigneur to the half-castenation, and under pretext of solemn- izing the occasion, and also doing honor to the baptism of an English neophyte, be as- sfinbloU the mo»t devoted of hit friradf, and ptil tliexn under arma tfom thcrday ht4ow. On the evenlnj? of the sumo day, in onior to hAnn the iiooplo touoflier, and Ut h»\e n pretext for mukinj.' a vti'iionil ap|)eul t<» tlio rmtion, lio HprotuI w fnmu rvtiori <)v«rywli«r«! (>f UiH arrivuitii'MO policu k> iiuiMHiurc the I'uuatiiH, burn tlie )t«>\i{iu.s uiui nvvMi tliu luudt*. • Wo munt march out to meot tliyin/ lie saiti. ' If w« are united thoy will not bo able tn atand against UM.* A larKcnnnibor, imwillintrtolK'IievetlionewH, aHthoy hndrn)othfrprt»or of it, r(!fn«ed to revolt, hut vvfro "oon fonvd to talco ui» arms, aH they wt-ro tiiroatoned with bdinR sbottheniiH'lvoM and luivinK their OiriiiH piilagod. They ulnioHt all yioldiul to furoo ; only Bonio of tiicut ^taiuliug lirm and braving death. On HL Josopli'H ove,amidHt the darknesH of night, a i)roviHional government was jiroclniinofl, and ilH lirrtt art was a Bacrilo/^'iouHonn the HCi/.uro (tf the Church of St. Antony atHatoche, in mM« of the earU- OHt proieRtatiouH of the liev. Fatiier Mouliii. On Sunday the T2n(\ Mur* n, a forvwiitand pioux half*ca8t, ( ue of the autliora of the niovoinent, seeing the bml tuni atfaira hati talerHooution of the faithful, and eHpccially the clergy, and they tore us from our dwellint?8, uh and or piouH, faithful rompanionH of Jesus^ and placed U8 in a place of seigi}, and expKined um to the gnmtost tlangorn 'n the new presbytery of St Antony at Batoche. We were indicted ho veral tiujeS Wore th^ Eu: huVH A t «v«rywiien) MZU tliu UlldH. lot b(» able to no otliPT proof ro throatAned all yittldtul to 'rttiYO, uiiiidHt irHt sift wa.H u « of tho ortrn- ii ftiirvent ftlxi n tiHairH had ferrixl to »ul)- 1 inatJgnnited .orrH)lo, truly rtrch, Kittl in Antony, and impipty, he ontiMnptuons* il ndBHiu]! una (nfiiiti anecacy, I'ftre Kourinoi»d, egan to urge that the Indian title to the North- Wi^wt had never hoeu ex- tinguished. That it was not with the Hudson Bay Company but with the Indians, tho half-breeds, and pioneer white settlors to whom the country reallv belonged, that tho (iovernment had to dea'. It is believed also that he was b(mt fn clatming from the Government indemnity for personal losses which ho }\ad sustained by the lonf^Hcation of property once helonglng to him in Winnipeg, and Mhidi Iww increased enormously in value since the time of his banishment. It is almost certain he began to put forth claims such o.s the white settlers could have no sympatliv with and the (Jovornnient I'ould not for a moment entertain; and. unknown to the Knglii«h-speaking people, a recent combination was formed to enforce those demands bv illegal and violent means. Sfune suy Kiel began to use stronger language, in hoj^es that ho might be arrested on insufficient grounds, and then excite puTdic sympathy in behalf of himself and tho movement of which he wa.** the leader." The Globe further said on the 20th March, 1885: "lx)uis Kiel, the hero of tho Red River Rebellion, recently exiled from Manitoba, has created dissensic n among tho half- breeds. An attack is imminent." Rtlll further on mo find the Globe bav in Atigust, 188.'* : " The moment Kiel's lett<;r to Major Crozier was put in evidence, it became clear that the prisoner had not only been participator in, but the instigator and lea I in the ijKlictment. The testimony that followed only deejwued the certainty of his gu It.** Further proof can be given of a character that cannot be for a moment d uV>ted It is an extract from the evidence given at Riel's trial by the Rev. Father Andre, and (his is the Priest who attended spiritually to Kiel during his confinement and on the Hoallold. / Father Anure was a witness called on his behalf. His evdenw on cioss exam- ination by Mr. Casgraln wa.s as follows : " Q. I believe in the month of December, 1884, you had an interview with Riel and Nolin, with regard to a certain sum of money which tho prisoner claimed frpm tho Federal Government ? A. Not with Nolin. Nohn was not present at the interview. Q. The prisoner was there ? A. Yes. Q. Will you please state what tho prisoner asked of the Federal Government? A I had two interviews with tho prisoner on that subject (i, Tlie prisoner claimed a certain indemnity from the Federal Government, didn't he ? A. When the prisoner made his claim I was therewith another gentleman, .'ind he asked from the Government $l()(>,0()(i. Wo thought this was exorbitant, and the prisoner said * Wait a little ; 1 will take at once $36,000 cash. . {,1 And on that condition the prisoner was to leave the country if the Govern- inent gave him the $35,000 ? A. Yes, that was the condition he put. Q. When was this ? A. Thin was on the 23rd December. 1884. Q. There was also another interview between you and the prisoner? A. . Thero has lHH>n :ibout twenty interviews Ix'tween us. Q. He was always after you (o atik you to use your infliien^'e with the Federal Government to obtain this indemnity ? A. The first time he spcke of it was on the 1 ^ 10 12tli Dftoember. He hti never spoken a word about it before, and on th« 23rd(^f t)eo- omber ne apoke abont it again, Q. Ho talked about it very frejjuently ? A^ On theae two occaaiona only. Q, That w^as his great occupation 7 A. Yes, at those times. Q. Is it not true tnat the prisoner told you he himself was the half>breed auostlon ? A. He did not aay so in express terms, but he conveyed that idea. He said : Uf I am tfatiafled, the half-breeds will be.* I must explain this. This objection was made to him, tliat even if the Government granted him $35,000 the half-breed question would remain the same, and he said, in answer to that: ' If I am satisfied the half-hreeds will be,' Q. Is it not a fact he told you he would even accept a less sum than the $36t,000 ? A, Yea. He said : ' Use all the influence you cane you may not get all that, but get all you can, and if you get less we will see," The above is corrobated, if evei; juch were necessary, by Charles Nolin, a witness alao at kiel's trial. This was his testimony : "In the beginning of December, 1884, he began to show a desire to have mwae>' lie spoke to me about it first, I think." •'Q. How much did he sav he wanted ? The first time hest)oke of money I think he said he wanted $10,000 or $15,000. Q. From whom would he get the money ? A. The first time he spoke abont it he did not know any particular plan to g»»t it : at the same time, he told me that he wanted to claim an indemnity from the Canadian Government. He said that the Can- adian Government owed him about $100,000, and then the question arose who the per- sons wero whom he would have to talk to the Government about the indemnity. Sonn'r time after that the prisoner told me that he had an interview with Father Andre, who told him he would use his influence with the Government to obtain for him $35,000, Q. What did he tell' you ? A. He said if he got the money he wanted from the Government, he said he would go wherever the Government wished to send him. He had told that to Father Andr6." The venerable priest of St Patrick's Montreal, Father Dowd, at the eonchision ol his sermon on Sunday the 22nd Nov. 1885, gave his congregation some excellent advice regarding the present agitation of the French Canadians. The advice he was about to give them, he said, was tendered only after great and matured eliberation. It was unnecessary for him to tell them that he was no politician, and consequently was not moved by political influence. He had enjoyed, he said, the privilege of a personal interview with Mgr. Grandin, Bishop of the North-West Territories, the'sc^ne of the la to rebellion. From his Lordship's own lips he had heard the recital of all the Atrocitie+' that had been "ommitted by the pagan Indians and the easily deceived half-hreeds, urged on by a bad and nnsoFupulous man ; how four mis8ionari< hnd been massacred (Almost under his Lordship's eyes ; how the half-breeds had been led not only to revolt a^ainet the Government, but under their wicked leader had been induced to abandon their faith and turn their backs on the devoted clergy to follow a leader who wished to set aside the Pope and the Church and all authority, ecclesiastical and civil. Much more could be given but the above establishes as clearly as it possibly can be shewn that Kiel's sole object in his " priming " to be invited to the country as loader of the Metis and his subsequent conduct in inciting them to take up arms against the Government was a selfish one, he cared not to better the condition of the Metis, Oh I jip. He was the Metis, and it is clear he did not wish to await the arrival of the CfOverjBme|it Commission to investigate the matter, for no one knew better than he that none exiatedi either with himself or with the Metis of that district, and a constitutional peaceful means of settlement of grievances was not what he wanted, it was money and truthfully he said " If I am satisfied the half-breeds will be." In order that I mav present to you in a plain manner, and in a way^ that no civ can fail to see it, I will reduce all the charges made against the Government by M^ Blake, Mr. Laurier and their friends in connection with the " Kiel cry " under the foUo'rV- reed anosUoo ? laid : ^ If I am n was made to question would lalf-hieeds will m the $35,000 ? II that, but get olin, a witness 11 ing heads, ind I flatter myself that each charge will be BuccespfuUy answered as I lake it np : ^ The firat one iw that of the grievances of the half-bre«ds in regard to the manner in 'which they had been treated by the Government, implying a justification for tho FeboUioD. The second, that the court that txied Kiel had no jurisdiction to do so, and that he had an unfair trial. The third, that no iwlitical offender liod suffered death under the British Crown for some fifty years. And fourthly, that Biel was insane and not accountable for his acta. Now as regards the first, it will be necessary to explain what the half-breeds demanded, in order that we may see how the Government acted towards them. They wanted in the first place River Surveys, that is, the river as a front to their lots, t«n chains in width and running back two miles : they wanted also, exemption from timlier dues, that is, a small tax which was imposed for cutting y^ood on Government lands when a Metis had no wood on his own lot ; and lastly they w:anted scrips or patents for their lands. I may heve mention that some delay was created in the granting of thetio scrips or patenta as it had been discovered, as I have already told yoti8te Boyer, Damase Carridre, Napoldon Neault, Andnfi Keault, Napoldon Carrifire, Patrice Touron, C-ullxte Touro'i, Antoine Nandal, Gerraiis, Charles Larivitire, Francois Toilron, Joseph Parenteau, Xavier Batoche, Joseph Vandal, Francois Fidler, Alexis Gerrais, Joseph Delorme, Baptiste Vandal, Antoine Ferguson, Baptiste Vandal, Joseph Tourton, William Vandal, Jean Carron, Th^pbilo Carron. Mathais Parenteau, Moise Honors. Z^phirin Dnmas, Elz^r Parisian, William Natome, A. Fidler, Isidore Villeneuve, Adolph© Nolin, Ignace Poitrac, Th6ophile (roulett*, J6rome Rac^tto, Charles Gareau, Maximo Poitras, Emmanuel Charapagno, Ijouis Batoche. — 17, R. P.TesHier, Ijat of Persons wh«^9 names appear on Petition who received Land or Scrip in Manitoba :— .lean Carron, Baptiste Rochlot, Molse Parenteau, Pierre Honor6, Biiptiste Delorme, William Fidler, Bapticte Boyer, Damase Carrifire, Napol^n Carri^re, Patrice Tourton Clixte Touron, Antoine Vandal, Biiptifite Vandal, Joscjjb Touron, Antoine Ferguson, BaptiBte Vandal, Joseph Touron, William Vandal, Jean Caron, Th^ophile Carron, Mathias Parenteau, Elz^ar Parisien, A. Fidler. iBidoro Villeneuve, Charles Larivi^re, Francois Touron, Jcjfleph Parenteaii, Joseph Tandal, Fran^otH Fidler, Alexis Gervais, Joseph Delorme, Adolphe Nolin, Ignace Poitras, Jerome Ra^ette, Maxime Poitras, Emmanuel Cliampagne, Louis Batoche. — 37. 12 List of Persons whose ikiimom api)ear on Petition who liavo hot proved their ch»im :— Gabriel I)nmo«t, Jlorso Honoro. Xttrjer Bikto^ho, NajKdeon Neaulu Z*Spliriu Dumas, ThC'ophile Gonlette, Andre Neault, Willinna Natorao, Charles Garoru.— 10. R. P. Tessier, It will thus bo seen that of the 4t subscribers to the first, 37 had rdceivod lauds in Mivnitoba, while of the remaining 10, eight wen^ unable to prove their claim's, tn the second jx^tition there were 32 subscribers, theirnames being William Bremner, jun., Maxime Lopine, Octave Kegni«;r, lUe. Boucher, William Bremner, John Cue Hette, Chs. Lavallee' Isidore Tin mas. Jjittnes Short, Ambroise Dumont, Eugone Bouohcr» fj, L. Ijetcndro, Wm. Letendre, AVm. Swain. Elzear Swain, Willie Bruce, Aut Richard, Isidore Boyer, Solomon Boucher, J. B. Bmieher, j«n., L. Schmidt, Jos. Dumas, Henrj' J^niith; Chs, «olln, .: Alade L^zar^, Norbotirt'Tburcotte, Solomoo IDavrcot^; Modeste , Laviolette, Moi^e BtfemnQr,' .Toseph Ifremner, Jonas liiiviolettt),. AJexv B^i^mn^n — Ii2. Of the above the follow ing received Land orScrip in Manitoba :-^ William Bremner, jun., Bte. Boucher, William Bremner, Clyas. Lavell^e, Isidore Dumas, James Short, Ambroise Dumont, Henry Smith, Chs. Nolin, Norbert Turcotte, W'illiam Letendre, Wm. Swain J Elzcar Swain, Willie Bmce, Ant. Richard, Isidore Boyer, Solomon Boucher, J. B. Boucher, jun., Lonis Schmidt, Jos. Dumas, Modestp L^yiolette, Moise Bremner, Joseph Bf einner, Alex. Btemnteir. — 24. Of the 24 names given above there were unable to prove thei» claims** ''^♦^C Maximo Lepine, L. S, Letendre, Scflofinion Tfe'irofte, John Culette, Octave Repnier, JohaaJLayitdfltte.— ^8. Alade L^gai^^ Eugene Boucher .. .,,f r r -, r This shows a large })ercentage of half-breeds, who were not enitA^l(EKi)to lands ; but we have evidence to show that the percentage was even greater at thb tiraa of the out- break than these petitions show. I will give the report of Mr. Pearcfe; Biiperintendent of Indian nffnirs in that section, appointed by tlij^ Mackenzie Govemii^«nt wtl^in power and we have a right to presume he was theretfore «i good Reforn»«f „ ; fle.^ra^: sent to the settlement where the disturbance took plsic<^, to Jttveetigate and enq^iiseil^ tii6 troubles and report the result of his enquiry to th^ Govejrninent. He nnadet a Ifen^hy and very minute report, searching into the daimsof each ai.,^ every case. It .Was published and presented tO the House of Commons on tlie 15tb of April, 1885. ^ Sessional Papert* 7 to 8 vol. xix, No. 6, 188<). Mr. Pearce sums tvp Ills investigation as. JEcdlows : " 1st. This report shows that of all tbt^ 258 , settlers at the tirn^ of. the outbreak' not. one was unable to obtain patent for 1^ Innd through the action, or rather non- action of the Government, and even in March, 1^84, there were only ten cases of delay, which delay was caused by the conflicting survevs of One Arrow's reserve and the St. Laurent parish. " 2nd. That not one man of the 258, or anyone else who ever resided in the dis trict. over lost one inch of laiid through the system of survey, when 9nch survey was made subsi^quefit to his settlement thereon. " 3rd. That 92 per cent, of the 258 had no rights as Nortb-West balf-breeds. Of that 92 per pontj, those who were half-brefds had participated ih alltlv? rigl><8 accordeci those people in the Province of Manitoba. "4th. T|hat not one .settler in t'^-l district had an a lands ; but B of the out- >erlntendent 3Jlfe, in power ^ sent to the ih6 troublefi Shy and very t'yished and ion«l PaperH • tie outbroalv' rather non- ses of delav, I and the St. d in the dirt survey wsuh -breedH. Of »ta accorded vet his hoa iUo . fiine of tiie robellion, the Government ban made any favorable answer to the den nds of the half-breeds? A, Yes, I know that they have acceeded to certain dental ^ in I'ej'ard to those who dwl uothaveany scrip in Manitoba. A telejirani was senloji the 4tl» of Man-h hist, ^rantin;.^ the sciip. * Q. Before that time ? A. Yes, regarding the alteration of the sVirvey of lots on the rivof,,thexe was an answer from Che Government sayiny they would grant it, and that was an important (juestion. " Q. What question then remr.lned to 1)6 8(}ttled ? A. The qtiesllio^r of pii*eilt«. that lias beeA settled also in a certain way, becansa Mr. Duck was seiit jteid 1 went with him as iAterpreter. . . . , -. '^ . ;. v^, "Q. What other' question roirt^ained? A.. Only the question o.** wobtf,. timiftor" These ought to l)e oouclusivo, but I Vrill giv. further, veculator8 and agents of American companies, whose interest it was to promote trouble. 4. The cries raised by oertaln huntry juid- disapppinted jK)liticians ; and lutftly, the intlamniatory tone of certain articles in the journals tlvat guide a portion of putlic opinion, such as tho Gloht. \ , ^^ We have from the.B^vi Faiher Fourmond, anotlier undoubted and high authoHly^ who wrote much to newspapers in Quebec, Manitoba and other places, aT»but ibeso troubles. He said when asked as to tho author of the North- West insurrectibh, as follows : . " Who is tl)e author of the North- West troubles? It is Louis Kiel, and, as he is the author of them, it ifci be alone wbo deserves to be punished. If, like mejyoii \\i^ followed the steps and sludied the hypocrisy, the cunning and secret arts tl at 'Kiel has used to deceive and .seduce these people and drag them into rebellion, wjiether tlu>y would iur not, you would, as 1 do. c^st upon that cruel and ty raiuiioal man, all the blunio of that revolt. Kiel made use of their religion ; be made use of their ipnoruhce, of their simplicity, touching every sensitive cord, to niaUc them the dupes Of liis jiinbillpn. "There are persons who say that tliel is mad, but the more his condiict is exapi^ ined, tho stronger must be the conviction that, tbat nefurions man, under the apjear* ance of madness, preserves the plentitude ot his reason. All his plans have a seqnenci) and a directness which show a Jived purpose to attain his end, and at the sam« tiuio t, 1886 : •* But to say rebellion is justified, is a very different thing. A rebellion may be excused, and jiarties who goad unfortunate, ignorant men into rebellion, ought to be t>uni8hearte(! Jrom in the prisoner's favor, and a respite was granted, to enable him to apply t^> the ultimate tribunal in England, and thus to take advantage to the very utmost of cverj' right which the law could afiFord him. "The fairness of the trial has not been disputed by the prisoner's counsel, nor challenged either before the Court of Appeal in Manitoba or the Privy Council. Jt lias, on the contrary, been admitted, not tactily alone by this ommission but expressly and publicy. It may bo well, however, to state shortly the facts, which show how .the duty which the Government fully acknowledged both to the public and tlie prisoner has been fulfilled. " It was most desirable not only to ensure the impartial condu«*tof tlie trial, which Avould have been done by the appointment of any barrister of known standing, but to .satisfy the public that this had been eflected ; and in view of this the prosecution was <'ntrusted to two loading counsels in Ontario, known to be in sympathy with different political parties. With them was associated a French advocate of .standing and ubility in Quebec, and the personal presence and assistance of the Deputy Minister of •fustice was given to them throughout the proceedings. " The procedure adopted and the course taken at the trial, will show that every opportunity for tlie fullest defence was afl'orded : and it is needless to add, Avbat is well- known and recognized, that the jjrisoner was represented by counsel w-hose zeal and ability have made it impossible to suggest that his defence could in any hands have licen more carefully or ably (conducted." Again vSir Alexander says as to the fairness of the trial : ''On the 2l8t July, the prisoner's counsel read affidavits to tbe effect tliat certain witnesses not then present were necessary for the defence, and that medical ox{)ertK Mil the question of insanity were reiiuireu by them from the Province of 'iuebec and from Toronto. They represented that the prisoner luul not had means I procure the attendance of these witnesses, and desired an adjournment for a mon.tb, Uluring which they would be able to obtain it. [ " In answer to this application, of which the Crown had no notice until the day |j)revions, the Crown counsel pointed out that tlicse. medidal witnesses, a.s well aw [wome others in the North- West Territories who were wanted, could all be got within II week ; and they offered not only to consent to an adjournment for tliut time, bnt |to join with the prisoner's counsel in procuring their attendance, and to pay i}mv ttuffi. The coimsel for the prisoner accepted this offer, which the presiding judge said was a reasonable one, and the trial was* adjourned until the 28th. In the meantltne the witnesses were procured.- They were present and were examined for the ])rt8onfir, find their txpe-tisf 8 were paid by tfu". Crovrri, the. medical gentlemen being remunerated as ■iXlrtjrts at the same rate as. those called for the prosecution. **A good deal," he remarked, "has been said about the jury being cj3mi)0»cd pfsix only. There is no general law which says that a jurj' shall mvariably consist fit twelve, or of any particular number. In Manitoba, in civil cases, the jury is com- posed of twelve, but nine can find a verdict. In the North-West Territories Act, of in To this the reader can only apply one meaning, vi/., that fairness aUd ju.H,ti.ce bre^ailed, but we proceed : I will add to this the evidence of Reform pai>cr«, what Riel'p counse!;! nald af the juft, and what Riel himself said : Th© Hamilton Tifiw» of 8rd August, 1885, said : The jury at Esgina hae found itonis Kiel guilty of treason. The trial we believe was a fair one, there was abundant idence that Biel headed an insurrection against tlie (Jovemment, whlcii was ooAy ppreesed with loss of life and destruction of property. The jury nmild not oa tlie (*«• that evidence, find him innocent of the crime charged to hiia. The London Advertiser said on September IfHh, 1885 : K» one twn maintain iX Riel was net properly oonvicied upon the evidence 8ubmitt«d. The Winnipeg Free /VfW said : Riel was fairly tried, deeervedlj (.condemned, istly executed. There is no caiiee to regret his fate ; no patriotic Ca«adijui slioulij |»gret it ; it wonld have been a gram iivsuH to the kw« of otrr cetujtiy to have permlt- l^d him to escape ocndlgn puMisbmemt 10 Mr. ritzputrick, onoof the hiwyors who deiendod Kiel, said in a Bpeoch on Papi iieau Squaro, in Montreal, "It wuh unfair to arraign before the tribunal of pub!i<' opinion the judge and jury who tried Riel, they were simply the instance of the law, and it was found in the Statute Book. The law was passed by our mm representatives, and w<^ were rosi)on8iblo for the iniquitous portions of it. ' Kiel himself said in his speech to the court at his trial : ** Bless also the lawyerw for the Crown, because they have done I am sure what they thought their duty. They have shown mo favors which at first I did not expect from them." Mr. Christopher Robinson, Q.C said at Kegina at the trial of Riel: •' All tliose -witnesses who are in this country can be got in a week just as well lu-. in a month or a year. The Crown will do more. The Crown \.ill join with my learnc'i friend in iolo^raphing to those three gentlemen who are at Quebec, and those three gentlemen who are at Prince Albert. I desire that to come from the Crown as well av from them, and tho Croivn will pay their ox])en808. Mr. Fitzpatrick to the Justice : "I read the Order in Council as conferring very limited powers. However, that difficulty is all obviated by the olFer made by the Crown." We also read that after the trial : "The counsel for the defence, Messrs. Fitzpatrick, Lemieux and Greenshiolds, waited on Judge Richardson before tliey went East, and thanked him for the fairness iind consideration which had characterised his rulings." It was stated by the French speaker at the Reform Convention, held in Alex- andria, last month, that the jury was composed of six Protestants, of this there i' no evidence from any authentic source that I have been able to lay my hands on, nor should it matter what the religion of these men were, any more than it would in one of our courts in Ontario. What ought to be looked at, and what I have no doubt was cartv fully watched, was that good competent men would be selected. That all these men wer.; that, we must believe, as not a word has been said against one of them. But the insinu- ation that they -were Protestanta is for a base purpose, because they dare not say that the verdict of the jury was not according to the evidence. This, therefore, makes this low attempt to use a religious cry all the more dishonest and unworthy of the countenance of any single intelligent elector in this county. By reference to the report of the trial as published in the parliamentary records, I find that thirty-six men were summoned to the court to attend as jurymen. Out of this number twelve had been drawn by ballot, five objected to by the counsel for the prisoner, and one by the counsel for the Crown, before the necessary number was obtained. Nothing could have been fairer, and I defy any man to show that the jury could have as honest men done anything else than from the evidence bring Louit< l^iel in guilty. More evidence as to the jurisdiction of the court and fairness, of the trial can bo given from extracts of the reports of the three judges of the Superior Court of Manitoba, before whom the case was tried in appeal ; but, as I prefer giving them when dealing with h^ v^uestion of iuHanity, I will defer them for the present, feeling that what they say, with what I have alrnidy given, and the fact that Her Majesty's Privy Council in England established tho juritjdiction of the court and fairness of the trial, have satis- factorily met charge No. "J. Having dis^Kised of diarge No. 2, it will be ill order to take up the third, in which it is pleaded that no j)oli!:ical ofl'ender has received capital punishment for the last fifty years or so. To thi.*-: I attHwer that the case cf Louis Riel is different from any 1 have *ny knowledge of in itriti.sh hi.story for that period. In the first placiB, he could not be treated as u nmn who was prompted by honest and patriotic motives, and, therefore, not a jwlitical nftVndor. On the contrary, it was shown, and I think I have lihown you, that his aim wns to extract money out of the Government, and that then* owever, that 17 was no justification for his leading the half-breeds to rebelHon. Sir Aloxandor Campbell, in hia able paper says : ' It has been urged that the prisoner's crime was a political one, inspinni by political motives alone; tliat a rebellion prompted only for the redress of alleged political grievances, differs widely from an ordinary crime, and that however erroneous may bo the judgment of its leader, in endeavoring to re'^ress the supposed wrongs of others, he is entitled, at least, to be regarded as unselfish, ami as in his own view, patriotic. "This ground has been most earnestly considered, but th . (iovernmcnt has been unable to recognize in the prisoner a political offender only, or to see that ujxin the evidence there can be any dou' -that his motive * were mainly selfish. On the contrary, it seems plain that he was willing at any moment, for the sake of gain, to desert his deluded followers, and to abandon his efforts f i r the redress of their alleged grievances, if, under cover of them, he could have obtained satisfaction for his own personal money demands." Besides this, this was Riol's second offence of the same kind, having headed a former rebellion in 1869-70, in which he had done much injury to life and property ; and caused the brutal, cold-blooded and unnecessary murder of Thomas Scott, for] whom tho Hon. Mr. Blake had gveat sympathy, and asked that a reward of $6,000 be granted to apprehend Riel, when he moved in the Ontario Ijegislature where he had a seat, on tho 3rd of February; 1871: "That the cold-blooded murder (for his outspoken loyalty to the Queen) cf Thomas Scott, lately a resident of this Province, and an emigrant thence to the North- West, has impressed this House with a feeling of sorrow and indignation, ard in tho opinion of this H ouse, every ,etfort should be made to bring to trial the pori)retrator8 of tnis great crime, who as yet go unwhipt of justice." His motives may have been then honest, but they have very much changeii when we recall his speech and vote in the Commors on the Riel question, we also find hi* lieutenants, for whom ho and the party are responsible, sympathizing with and con- gratulating his Bovge Nationalist friends in Quebec, upon victories won at the polls on this " Riel cry.' ' After the election in Chambly, Mr. Prefontaine, the Rielite candidate, received the following telegram, congratulating him upon his success : " TouoNTO, :50th July, 1886. " The Liberals of Toronto congratulate you on your splendid victory. Welcome to- our colleague. "J. D. EUGAU." This Mr. Prefontaine, moreover, is no less a personage than the President of the Dominion Young Men's Liberal Association. " ' But, then again, what did the leader of the Liberal Party in Ontario do when tho intelligence was received of the defeat of the Ross Government? He sent the following significant dispatch to Hon. Mr. Mercier in Montreal. ** To the Hon. H. Mercier, M.P.P., 88 Berri S:reet : " pKNETANotriRHKNE, Out., October 16. — Have iust received liere the joyful news of your great triumpli. I congratulate you and all our friends on your imjKirtant victory ; may your Premiership be a long one and full of advantage to yom province and th« Dominion, and of honor to yourself. " 0. Mqwat, Prime Minister of Ontario." Moreover, Riel incited and aroused the wild Indians, a crime the most heinous in the eyes of every civilized country, to a " war of extermination," as he himself called it ; massacreing and butchering our fellow-countrymen without mercy. Twill recall to your memories that dreadful tragedy at Frog Lake, and give the following summary account of that sad event, as furnished by Father Legoff, a missionary in the North- west since 1866, who at the time of the outbreak was stationed in the vicinity of that place, he said : u \ ( f " The tragedy occtired on tho morning of Good Friday— *he day before the Ooefr under Miscrablo Man and Wandering spirit had received word of engagement at Diick liake, where the police under Major Orozier, with Prince Albert Voluntoorg were forced to retreat after lowing ten or twefre men. They spent tlie night before the holiday in <;elebrutinK tlmt victory. They had been told by Riol'n meaaengera that the Americanfr were about to invade the North- West, that tho Canadians were to be driven out and the land purcelletl among the Metis and the Indians. Accordingly they armed themselvos during the night, and before daylight one hundred and fifty warriors in full paint, entered the Httle hamlet at Frog Lake, plundered the stores and made prisoners of tho inhabitants. Father Furfird, who, with hiscollengue. Father Marchand, wasgoing to hold the usual Good Friday wervice in the Misaion Church, was attacked very early In the inorninj», by one of the savages, who struck him a heavy blow in tho face with a whip, which blackened his eye. The priests ijroceoded to tho church, however, and began the service. The Crees crowded in with their l, ns in their hands, having evidently made up their minds to massacn* the whites. They became extremly noisy, and Father Farfard stood up an^1B ' DATID' BIBli, Brimtk:'' Maxisao Lepicui, Bte. Bouolier, , David Tonrqpd, Ph. Orikruot, ift-CTflfcirst. To treating ' "I wrongs ( the cltar{ no placei unotTeudi which, a disprovoc "i Indians i "I the witn« rwrtion o "l! handwrit what is 1 He has | Take For of (it leatt In the From are fomii "A have the Jmfians oj thing. Take all threaten. Cut Knifl "TpMi{. .■iince yo America! have he a work; h( he said, gone to s the mast eix whit Big Beai interpret news, t that is tl we have wounded We have iK)S8ible, Von sent Duck Lai you send oncouraj; evttrythii as ).ere. (>a.Ht W Ww A.¥«i]^W, ntd ld»r<«h, imt. To this I may b« permitted to add the words of 8ir Alexander Campbell while 4rr«ating with this part of Kiel's eonditct ; " But if on unselfish desire could be oredltod to the prisoner to redress political wrongs even by armed rebellion, it would at least have been nerossary to ai»prov*» the charge which lies against him, that in his own mind the clainiH of humanity had no placcj but that he was prepared to carry out bin dosigns by bringing u{)on an uaouendinff people all the horrors of an Indian riwlng with the outrages and astrocities which, as ne knew full well, most inevitably accompany it. That this cannot Iw •lisproved, but that it is beyond all dispute true, the evidence nuikcH plain. " From the beginning, even before Duck Lake, ho was found in comjtany m ith Indians armed, and to the end ho availed himself of their assistance. " In that engagement, the first occasion of bloodshed, according to the evidence of the witnesses, Astley, Hoes, and William Tomkins, the Indians compoHod n largo {)ortion of his force — one-third, or thereabouts. " In a letter found in the camp of Poundmaker, un Indian Chi«^f, in the prisoner'** handwriting, and signed by him, after describing in most exaggerated languago what is termed their victory at Duck Lake, it said : " Praise GckI for the hucwss Jle has given uh. Capture all the police yon possibly can. Preserve their arms. Take Fort Battle, but save the provisions, muni^'ons and arms, tkwi u dtUuhin/ixt to «# of at least one hundred men.''* In a draft letter, also in bis handwriting, and i)roved at the trial, addresMod to the French and Fiiiglish M^tis from Battle liiver to Fort Pitt, the follow IngexprossionH are found : " We will help you to take Fort Battle and Fort Pitt. » * * Try and have the news which wo send to you conveyed as soon as possible to the Metis and InSans of Fort Pitt. Tell them to be on their guard ; to prepare tlieuiselveH for evory- tliing. * * * T'f,^^ ^i^th you the Indians ; gather them tojiother every where. Take all the ammunition you can, in whatever stores they may be. Murmur, growl and threaten. Bouae up the Indians." I will give a letter addressed by Poundmaker and others to Louis Riel, dated Chit Knife, April 29th, 1885, it reads as follows : " Tp Mi{. Loris RiEi- : " I want to hear news of the progress of God's work. If any event has occurred since your messengers came away, let me know of it~ Tell mo the date when the Americans will reach the Canadian Pacific Railway. Tell mo all the news that you have heard from all places where your work is in progress. Big Bear has finished his work ; he has taken Fort Pitt. ' tf you want me to come to you let me know at once,* he said, and I sent for him at once. I will be four days on the road. Those who have jjone to see him will sleep twice on the road. They took twenty prisoners, includinj^ the master of Fort Pitt. They killed eleven men, including the agent, two jiriests and eix white men. We are camjied on the creek just brdow Cut Knife Hill, waiting for Big Bear. The Blackfeet have killed sixty police at the Elbow. A half-breed who int«rpreted for the police, having survived the tight, though wounded, brought this news. Here we have killed six white men. We have not taken the barracks yet, but that ia the only entire Building in Battleford. All the cattle and horses in the vicinity wo have taken. We have lost one man, a Nee Perc^, killed, he being alone, and one wounded. Some soldiers have come from Swift Current, but I don't know their number. We have here guns and rifles of all sorts, but ammunition for them is short. If it be possible, send us ammunition of various kinds. We are weak only for the want of that. You sent word that ;you would come to Blattleford when you had finished your work at Duck Lake. We wait still for you, as we. are unable to take the fort without help. If you send us news, send only one messenger. We are impatient to roach you. It would encourage us much to see you, and make us work more heartily. Up to the present everything has gone well with us, but we are constantly expecting the soldiers to visit ns liere. We trust that God will be as kind to uk in the future as he has been in the jiast. We, the undersigned, send greeting to you alL (Signed), "Poukdmakkr, ** OoPIiroW-W AY-WIN, • , •'MuasiSAS, " M»»"TAT-WAY-r8, * Pe^yat-oubw." 20 McKay, aiKjther witnnfls, iilao said : " Up. lilol, became very oxritolood ! Wo want blood I It it a vxir of exUrmination. Everybody that is ajtainst us is to be driven out of the country. There were two curses in the country. the (Jovcrnment and the Hudson Bay Company.' "Q. Yes?— A. He turned to me and flaid I was a traitor to his Government. That T was a speculator and a scbundrel and robber and thief, and 1 don't know what nil. "Q. He used very violent language to you?— A. Yes. He finally said it was blood, and tJie first blood they wanted was mine. There were some little dishes on the table, and he ^ot hold of a Sfwon and said : ' Yon have no blood, you are a traitor U> your people ; your blood Is frozen, and all the little bld you have will be there in five ininutcR/ potting the spoon up to my face and pointing to it." San\o witness said as to Nolin and Boyer when they refused to take up arms : " Q. What was the chief event of that day as far as you can remember ? — A- He was giving orders to go and take William Boyer and Charles Nolin prisoners. " Q. Did you hear him say why they were to be taken prisoner? — A. Because they would not tako up arms. " Q. Did he say anything about because they had been movers up to that time ? — A. Recauao thoy had been movers, and had left it at the time of taking up arms. " Q. Was Nolin tried ?— A. About his trial I cannot say exactly, I heard Kiel saying he ouarht to be .shot or that they should shoot him. " Q. You understood Nolin and Boyer were to bo shot?— A. Yea, both of them. " Q. And because they would not join the movement in taking up arms ? — A. Tn not taking up arms." But I will go further, and quote what the Globf said on the 4th August, 1885 : " The trial for which Kiel has been convicted is one of the most dreadful that can he imagined. It has cost the lives of two hundred Canadians, and has caused the cvuel maiming and crippling of probably twice that number. Had his eftorts to incite an Indian rising been more successful, the white residents in the Nort-West would, in all probability have been subjected to outrages more dreadful and horrible than can be imagined It was of the essence of Xliel's crime, that he knew what the Indians wert capable of, and what atrocities they would jprobablv commit when their savage nature was thoroughly excited. The Free Prrfs is right in declaring that nothing of which the half-breeds had to complain could justify Kiel's conduct, and that the crime of which he was convicted is pt^rhaps the most heinous that could be conceived. No one who has read the evidence can doubt that Kiel richly deserves death." Ou March 2r)th, 1885, the Globe said : " If such crimes as are reputed have been committed, it will i)erhap8 be thought necessary that the leaders, at least, Hhoiild be punished. But what is to be done with Kiel this time? He, it seems, incited the people to revolt. He, it is said, leads those who have committed .so manv grave offences. Shall we again have a price sot upon his Lead ?" Y'ou will remember I have already given you in that important document published in the Propaganda of the faitli that Kiel had sent messages to the poor savages of the prairie, &c. / Wo will give further the statement of the Reverend Mr. Quinney, a Missionary of the Church of England, stationed at Onion Lake, This reverend gentleman's report was published in the Canadian MiBsionary, and is in the Sessional Papers of 1886, vol. XIX, No. 4 : " As regards the late uprising 1 have no hesitation in saying that I thoroughly believe the Indians would never have rebelled but for half-breeds influences, chiefly through Kiel. Several times last winter the chief of Onion Lake told me of Big Bear's ' visit to Kiel ; how he was taken into a large upper room, grandly furnished, and even invited to sit down to table with the latter. "W hen the Indian expressed surprise, Kiel said : 'Yes, my brother, this is a nice house, these are" nice things, and I have plenty to eat, but, if you do as I tell you, you will have a grander house, better things, and plenty to eat. I am poor, but you will be rich. They call you chief ' ")W, but it is for nothing. By and by you will be a chief in reality, and what I say to you I say to all my brother chiefs, and I want you to tell them my words when you go back.' Then he got Big I3ear to sign a paper, promising to obey all future orders Kiel should give, and Mi^msj!^"*-*"" 3i Jo help liiin !n hie contemplated fight with the wliite inan. Our rhiof nnul ho alflti sii;j;ne(l (ho same paiior, which Kiel sent round by Big Bear t^) nil tho chiefs. Big Boar f of tl»e court to bo carried into effect in tlio case of liouia Riol, who had stirred un rebel- hon amoii g the half-breeds and Indians in these Territories, and who, after a fair and" in>partiul trial by a competent tribunal waH convicted of high treason ; " And, whereas, the p(mce, progress iind prosperity of these Territories would have Ix^on jt'opardiaed and u feeling ol iuHecurity would have boon caused junonjr the settlors lijid tho man, twice guilty of rebellion, and who had not shrunk from the Ujrrible responsibility of exciting the half-breeds and Indians to armed insurrection been per- mitted to escape the just penalty of his misdeeds ; " And, whereas, a fair, firna and impartial admintstr ition of the law must bo had if the laws of our country are to be respec^ted by all chusscs irri'Hixulivo of nationality; " This Council desires to j)la(W on record its endorMiuiu'nt of the action of tfiO; Dominion Government in allowing the scntcnt-e of the court on lionis Kiel to be carried into effect." I will closj'this array of evidence against charge No. :> l»y giving an extract from Mr. Justice Richardson's address when pronouncing the sentence on Kiel. " You have been found guilty of higft treason, you have )>een proved to have let loose the flood-gates of rapine and bloefore his execution. Moreover, so clearly was he proved to be sane and responsible for his actH, thiit his counsel in the Superior C^urt in Manitoba, and at tlie Trivy Council in England, abandoned entirley the plea of insanity. I have, under every charge, given proofs that ouglit to be satisfac- tory to the most biased, and this, to my mind is as ixuiclusive as any, establishing beyond a doul>t that the Government could not iK)SHil)ly cnt»)riain tluit claim. 1 will cfive the medical testimony at the trial. Dr. Daniel Clarke, Superintendent of the iVledical Asylum at Toronto, who was brought there by the prisoner's own counsel, said in answer to the question : "Q. Do you consider from the knowledge which you n(jw have of this individual that at the time the events detailed by the witnesses here t4 to hi* de!u«loni ; Btit, mind yon, f want to add to that, that many of the iiinui>« know ri^ht from wrong." Then, Dr. JameH M. WiilUc«, Medicul Hnj^rhitendent of tlio Inaun© Aayhim ul ilsmiltou, who was hrought there hj the C'ruwn, said when attkod: ** Have Tou l)oen Hateninff to the evidence in thia caao ? A. Yo«. " Have you examiued or nad an opportunity of aeein^ the priaoner? A, I eaw liini for about half an hour ; that ia, alone, not in court. " And you have l)een hero during the ? A. Duriuj? the witting of the court. "Have you formed an opinion of Ida mental ri-HiKmHibility, of his aanlty or iafanity? A. I have so far as my time and npportunitioH enabled mo to do so. " Q. H'hnt is that opinion? A. 1 have not diacovored any inaanity about hirn, no indication of insanity. '' What would you aay then in view of the evidence and your examination? ia he of sound mind or is ho not? A. I think ho is of sound mind. "il And capable of dintinguiainj^ right from wrong? A. I think so. "Q. Ami know tlio nature and (quality of any act which ho woultl commit? A. Very M.ntely." The Glofje of the 22nd ()ctol)er, 1885, Bays as to his insanity : •* As to the prisoner's guilt of the higliest crime that can bo laid to a man's cliargr there I'as Ikjcu no shadow of doubt since his lettt^r to Poundraaker was pnxluced. Nor nM to bin sanitv has tliero been any doubt since the jury having heard the experth' evidence, decided that Kiel was responsible." I will givH an extract from Dr. Howard, the Medical Buiwrintondont of a lunatic asylum iji Qn«dM;c,who well know Louis Riol. It is from a letter dated the 14th March. I'^S's to Mr. Curran, the member for Montreal centre. I may exjduin that he was asked to go aud give evidence at the trial of Kiel to show that ho was insane, but did not go. The reason will be apparent from this extract ; " I tliink it well to i^•» U) tU fJiarac Ur of ht« pfelend»4 insanity/' I mill follow this by tlio <;»rtiflcatM of th« threu tnndieal ez|)«rta before referrad to. who were aanf to lieglna subce^oent to tba triul, to report upon Hie\'« cuontat mpiicity: Ik. 4,. .htke* (0 lAfuUriitvt'-OMitrnhf Detvdnrii. " ItKiiNA, N.W.T., 0th NoTember, 1886.. "SiE, — In compliance wiUi the ruuueatcontalntd in acorn muaicatiiMt receirad by ▼(m from the Riaht Hon. Sir Jolm A. MacdonaUl, that I should report without delay upon the montarconditiou of the prisoner, Ijouin Kiel, now under n»y m«dical care, ami how fur I consider him accountable And refliionsiblo for his acts, I iiave the houov tfi f<*port as follows : , " liOiiis Kiel has been under my especial oaro, medically, as surgeon of tlus forca. It upwards of five months since bis arrival here as a prisoner. During that time i have visited him, with few exceptions, every day ; have studied him cloeoly and eon» versed with him louK and frequentlv. I have norsonally a strong aversion to pnnish* jnciit by death. I l>olin.vo that failing to estublisli his insanity nis doatit is near at Inuid, but aft«ir careful and continuous examinations of him under Taryingcircam* ■Htniices from day today, I cannotescape the conviction that except upon certain Jpurely mligious questions, Itaving relation to whot may be called Divine mystorios, he wan \vhen ftrst entrustod to my care, and still continues t/i be, iierfectly sano and account- «(ilo for liis actions. " Under these circumstances my duty, though h painful ono, is <•!* ar, and my 'ipinion not hastily formed, equally so, viz., that Kid's peculiar vioww uix)n relitfiotis sul)jiM:tH Which so Htrongly impress the i^jnorant ami unntlocting with an idea ()r liis mad uo88^ cannot rigljtly bo ^regarded |as interfering with jor obscuring in tlin slightest dt'Kn^e lua clear Jpor^epti on oi duty, or as nmdering hiw judgment less sound in the affairs of everyday life. I therefore record my opinion that, with tiio reservatifui abovw aiudt^ Kiel ifl a sane, clear-liouded and accountable Injing, and reHiMjusible for his actions lieforo God and man. " [ have, &{'., ^ "A. .h'KKs, Senior Surgeon." The Hon. EiKiAii Dbwdnky, Lieutonant>-Governor, X. W. T. Ih'. Viilnde to Sir John A. HaedonaUl. " Kkoina, N.W.T., 8th Novenil)«r, ISHo. "Sir, — After having examined carefully Kiel, in private conversation w ith liim and [by testimony of persona who take care of him, I have come to the coudusiou that lie fciitfers under hallucinations on political and religious sulnects, but on other iH>int8 I iWiovo him to be quite sensible and can distinguisb right from wrong. "F. X. Valade, M.D." f^glit Hon. Sir .Iqiin A. MacdonaU), G.C.B., I'remler of Canada, Ottawa. />r. Iav«U t9 Sir John A. Macdonald, " Rkgina, 5.W.T., 8th November, 1880. " SiH,— I have tho honor to report that after giving wnscientious consideration to m case of Louis Kiel, now contined here, under sentence of death, and fully appreclat- Ag the trust committed to me and all the c^)n8equence8 involved, I am of the opinio* hflt the said Louis Riel, although holding and expressing foolish and peculiar views a« roligion and general goveruuient iB*n accountable being and capable of distinguish- ip riglit ftrom wrong; f have, Ac, '^M, Laybll, M.D." ' Kight Hon. Sir Joit.^ A. MA"cl5rt>J.vttw G.C.B., Premier of Canada, Ottawa; Iwill now giro the optnioB^ of tlio three Jadges of the Superior Court \ii M-aBi* ihr. The Learned Chief Justice saW in delivering hia judgraont : " I have ca»efviUy raad tbs evideucej and it appears to m« that tho jury could tml 34 reasonably have come to any other conclusion than tfce verdict of guilty j there is noi only evidence to support the verdict, but it vastly preponderates." And again he said : " I think the evidence upon the question of insanity shows that the prisoner did know that he was acting illegally, and that he was reoponsible for his acts." Mr. Justice Taylor says : "After a critical examination of the evidence, I find it impossible to come to any other concli^bn than that at which the jury did. 'Kie appellent is beyond all ^QUbt, a roan of^ inordinate vanity, excitable, irritable, and impatient of contradictioiv He seeio&s'at times to have acted in an extraordinary manner, to have said many ^stranjgft thin^, and to have entertaihad. or at least professed to entiartain absurd views oil ire* ligious and political subjects. But it all stops far short of .establishing such unsoiind* ness of mind a« would render him irresponsible and not accotiittffble forlii^^ctioAS. Hia coxlfse of condttct indeed shows in many wajris, th^t the •yrbole of this ajpjpli^Iitly extnlordinary conduct, his claims to Divine inspi^tipn and, "prophetic ch^raotes waa only a part of a commonly devised scheme togainandhQld|nflae]ic^andppiif9r simple-inttded people around him, and to sectire perspfnaMtninojaity in tno.evejitof ^^is eVet'beJng called to account for his acts. He seems to have haii in view,1R||iiie profess- ijag to champion the cause of the Metis, the securing of pecuniary advantie^e to himself." Mr. Justice Killam, who before his appointment to the Bench, was % distingmsheett< defence than he has fully outlined it would be imi)08sible for his lawyer tu make." The same paper said on the 25th July, 1885 : "Although this document (Kiel's diary) is an interesting one, it will, we rei»eai,| give no aid or comfort to those who build up the hoi)es of the writer's release on tliff insafaity plea. ^ Very much the reverse. If all who are mentally astray, only as far aj these jottings indicate that Kiel is, were shut up in one asvlum, we should have to in- creaw the capacity of these institutions very oonsiderablv'." theG publi( over"? about accuss evider aad hi If the have I prindp tune is Orange I Lodges for high 2nd. W, wither tl if any, 1 H the Govi passed i eflect '. a letter i Orange 1 and a prl X lay bel Tl I- trim the com men suppoper Ontario.'! The above are a fow extracts of the hundreds which could be obtained from the press of the Reform party if such were necessary, b«t I have given enough to prove th» insincerity and transparency of their utterantea. They were bound, right or vraag, U | be against the Government The Cabinet of Sir John Maodonald in composed of gentlemen qf th^ biglaffi({ 27 lionor, integrity and ability. The very )ieight of their a»bition is to preserve thosiB qualities in the moat scrapulons manner, and to see to the adminintration of laws for the t'eafety and equal government*' of the people of Canada. It is comiK>»6d of Mven l^teatanta and six Catholics ; the largest represemtation of Catholics erer in the Cabinet of Canada, three of whom are French ; and I ask if any reasonable man can believe that Orange inflaence had the slightest effect vpon their minds, if it were used at all, and I gay to the credit of the Orangemen, there is no evidence to show that it wa». I say^ if it were used, those six gentlemen, as the representatives of the Catholic body, would never have c6n8ented to the execution of Riel because of that influence, or because h« was a Catholic and a Frenchman, but would rather have retired from the important positions which they occupy. The thing is too absurd, and unworthy of the consi*! oration of any intelligent person, unless he has an object in thinking and pre.oching differently. The supremacy of the law must be maintained, equal justice must bo " iulmiais- istercd to all," irrespective of creed or nationality, knowing no distinction between 'Hhe king and the beggar," if we want to livf> in a well governed country. It is therefore our duty to preserve that spirit of juatice as lovers of our country, »nd when we find our (rovernment oHSailod as it has been in this case ; its leader, Sir John Macdonald and his French associates burnt in eflijjy, giving them the epithets o hangmen, and otherwise abused, it will stir up and arouse to duty ev(^rv true Can- a do so does not deserve to be heard ia stcrefe. The truth does not require the aid of darknesn aitd justice d«mand« fair and open di«c«i>sion. I am, your most obedient and humble servant, DONALD McMillan. Alexandria, 14th January, 1887. PA-— The necessity of giving ^xtntcts aivd ppoofs so hirgely occurred in conversa- tion with many people and addressing meetings on the Riel subject Hence the reaaon |iio more original matter iis given in many places than is absolutely necessary to con- I'ltect th« t!9Btimany adduced, and make it readable.— tl McM.