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Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included In one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmAs A des taux de reduction diffArents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul ciich6, 11 est film6 d partir de Tangle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants lllustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 _ "cn rin iti TjI "O OF HIS GRmCE the archbishop of TORONTO, .lil! TO THE RIGHT RKV. BISHOPS OF ONTARIO, (-►N THE TORONTO SEPARATE SCHOOL QUESTION. VIosT Rev. Loru, For a long time we have been much grieved it the scancLal which some members of the oronto Separate School Board have caused, ' wliich a i-ertain newspaper spread throut^h v Lordship's dioceae. To do away, as far s issible, with this evil, which tended to lower in the estimation of your people the Episcopal and Sacerdotal charac^ter, we desire to lay before your Lordship a true history and statement of the Tonmto Separate School question, which will completely vindicate both the honesty and honour ot the Episcopal Cor- poration of Toronto and of the (^lerLry, who took so meritorious a part in establish ng and maintaining the Separate Schools in this city. Your Lordship well knows thit one of the necessities of maintaining true faith amongst our people is the good Catholic education of the youth. — "Blessed is th man that hath borne the yoke of the Lord from his youth." Secular education will make the children keen for the things of this world. Religious educa- tion will teach them the "one thing necessary" to make use of this world and of their own faculties to gain eternal rewards. Hence the Church at all times and in all countries, amidst persecution and social disabilities, made every sacrifice to have truly Catholic schools, where religion would predominate 'ver, or at least keep abreast with, secular education, mingling with it, and guiding it with the unerring light of Faith and morality. No Christian parent can be recognized as such who will sacrifice the eternal happiness of his children to their ad- van*, e in this life. Our ancestors in the faith, in Ireland especially, preferred a poor secular education/ in schools behind hedges and in lonely places, out of the reacli of English spies and soldiers, to dl the worldly advantages of a splendid education in the Protestant Univer- sity of Trinity College, Dublin, to which hon- ours and preferments were attached, but l.iden with heresy which kills the soul. Alas, that that ancestry so truly nnl)le and religious should have deoeudants ia this country erring from such illustrious examples, preferr ng for their children the goods of tliis world to the happiness of Hciiven. Their children, when before the Judgment Seat of God, will not bless them. When our illustrious predecessor, Mon- seigneur de Charbonel, came to Toronto there were no Catholic free schools in the city, and only one private school. He saw the want, and set about the remedy. The generality of the Catholic people of Toronto were poor, but the Church was rich in the noble self-sacrifice of her religious commu- nities. The good Bishop brought Brothers of the Christian Schools from Montreal, and Sisters of St. Joseph from Philadel- phia ; provided them with residences, and erected school houses. An outlay of several thousands of dollars was necessary for these purposes. The Hon. Mr. Elmsley, and a few Catliolit gentlemen, nobly assisted the Bishop "n the good work, and schools were established at St. Paul's, St. Mary's, on Stanley Street, (formerly a Baptist church), and in the old St. Patrick's school on Richmond street. The schools continued thus until 1855, when the Separate School Law came into operation. For four years after this date, the Bishop and Clergy, assisted in some degree by the people, sustained thf schools. During this period and for years afterwards, 981^9 the taxes and (4i)VHriiTnent grant did not uiret the expeiulitiire, anfl thousands of (h-lhira wore paid hy the KpiHCopal I'or^toration, and by the Clergy uf the city, till ISl'.i, wlien tht^ schools became selt-Hiij porting, with a bahuice lor buihling lairposep ; and then sjirung up a host of friends, so called. Exception has been taken to the expenditure of a small amount of school funda on the rehi- duncesof Bi others and Sisters. A few words will put the matter in its true light. The sala- ries of the teachers were so low (l?<>0 ayeiir for theSisters, and !?1'20 for the Brothers) thatthey barely sutKued to procure them food and cloth- ing — and these, too, of the plainebt kind. Now it was a condition of the contract under which these religious bodies came to Toronto, that residences should be procured for them, and kept m re[iair, at the expense of the School Fund, as their salaries were so slender as not to meet their expenses. Yet a few un- reasonable Trustees find fault with thif most necessary and just outlay. More than this, the Ladies of Loretto left their old Convent at St. Mary's to the School Board as a residence for the Sisters teaching school in that Parish. It was in such a dilapidated condition that extensive repairs were necessary to prevent the occupants dying of cold — and here, again, unfeeling men wildly declaim against the ex- pense necessary to lit up the old house, for what was at best a miserable residence, giving people to understand that the Separate School funds were expended on simply conventual, instead of on school, purposes ; though the the teaching Sisters had a rij/it to a residence at the Board's expense, as we have said above. Had not the Sisters other means of support. it is patent except to the most unreasonable that $60 a year would not have kept them in suitable food. We purposed about this time to add to the Separate School of St. Mary's an industrial school, but funds to carry out this design were never on hand. The school houses of St. Mary's, St. Patrick's, St. Paul's, Bond Street, and Stanley Street were built originally quite independently of the Separate School funds, and unassisted by any Government or Mu- nicipal Grant, by the exertions of the Clergy and the liberality of the people in general, by concerts, bazaars, etc. The Epis- copal Corporation granted land for those school-houses, yet some members of the Sepa- rate School Board, with marvellous insolence, claim all this property from the Episcopal Corporation, not only without a recompense but even adding unjust accusations. We hold Episcopal property for orphans, widows, and the poor in general, not for education alone. The Episcopal Corporation is eminent- ly an ecclesiastical body, holding property for SUlIK! t»f \\1 ii: for Catholic m year SI .tgo gnv^ Ton in til to the the ('jitholic people, and their pvojiertv i> saffT in the hands of thi; Archl)ish(»|» than in tlie hands of a cori)oratioji whose nu-mlci have no perniam-ncc, and lately jirovod to bo unsafe teiests. Tlio Government many Honu; lands in the city ».f Protestant and Catholic conuTcgationa— wliit is called the Richmond stieot property m;i^ given to the (.'atholics — for Paro hial Schuil jiurposcs. A school has always been k(|it upon the propeii;y, but as it was large, ai; orphan asylum was also cstabiisht'd on it Its value is (normously exaygorated for i purpose. We found things thus on our arrival i!, Toronto. When the orphans left this building for the House of Providence, Tlie Brothers moved to it, since by their agr^i. nient they were entitlt'd to a ^esi(lenc(^ (The one they lived in was nio.st miser;tl)lo. ) TLi, building was re[)aired out of school funds h\ virtue of the same contract. When tin Brothers removed to their own house, De La Salle Institute, they practically released thi. school funds frim the burden of jirovidiui.- ;■, residence for them, though they may chum the rent of a house. The Sisters of St. Joac'ih and of Our Lady of Loretto had also by this time their own convents, tio that at present the care and ex[)ense of providii)>f suitahlt houses for the Brothers and Sisters has cea;-;(;(l for the School Board. When the Brothers left their residence it was devoted to an insti- tution i 1 which young women of respectalilc character are boarded. Many of these young ladies attend Normal Schools, and others learn +'ades in the city. Now, as we before remarked, the property was large enough fur schocds besides, and none but the over critical and uncharitable would object to the presence of such an institution, for after all it servos for educational purposes. ^108 a-year was received as rent for a coi- ner store ; this was spent in repairs of the schools, and helped to pay interest on mone\ ", for the last 25 years constantly biirrowed i)y the Ejjiscopal Corporation to meet school out- lays. There were other small tenements ou the lot. Some verv poor people inhabited them and sometimes paid rent, we are told. They dis- appeared many years ago. It was used as a re- fuge for old women till they were sent to the House of Providence, and then torn down as | useless, or rather a nuisance. We do not recall | to have seen but one of them. Whatever rent was received from these places was more than I spent by our venerable predecessor and • ursi.lf on schools. If there could possibly be any I claim, the land and school houses which the I Episcopal Corporation gave, free of rei t, sol many years, have tenfold, and more, made up| for it. V With Scliiiola L,'(i(td W' and to t, . ^ Mure th ^ fiT the 1 .school, in whici: have a p The Sis paid ren thev givi Wsliop o ,<(;hool-lu tical pro I iiorution wniid ha Scliools 1 Separate I'd Corpc tlie first composed 111 the mil rt'imdiate (lelits coi S».'!iooIs. nieiits but tractt'd. S'lnilar d( to the Sep But the .^s we havi of the cit 'di^ts ^or Ipiirs, fuel, entire revt lernment gi [teaching a |»as hard t pe scandi) liiirporatio; JiathoJica fftlucation jpress (its rt (operation) pr calumni hmougst th Iparticular, JL'atholic su pies, notwi jtliat journa ICatholic ec V>y a respec jeffecting an plly among! jour sacred |teiidencies paper could people. Th naiiufacturt ►'ght to cor [trcd with ^ kaiust taki laul was st irty IK h:ui ill .■ml i;i li(! II; ) ^'liv to tl;r — Wll i1 ty Mii> Sollin.l n U< 1'' on ii I for I ival III ft tlli:. loe, T'liv r agr-.. .) Tl, unds li;, rion '.li' , Do U used th(; vulin^ 'u ly cl.iiiu t. JoSt'l'll .) by this :; ])rc.''i'nt suitaliK sis ceased Brotliers an iiiisti- speutalile se y«>"iig li others L'e before oui^h for r critical presence it servo? Ifor a cfir- i-s of ti'.e _ moneys, rowed iiv khool one- nients ou litedtiiein They lUs- ^d as a re- int to tlie li down as 1 not recall sever rent Inore than id < urdi.'l! |y be any rhich the ret t, so made up With the btrictcst economy the Scpariite Siilii'ols of Toronto were enabled to do their n(j(p(l work, tliunkH to tlic UeliL'ionH Ordora, aud to the sacriticea of the Hishopa anil I'ricPta. Mure than this, the Sisters of St, iloscpli have, f,T the last .ourtecn yeaiH, given, for use as u .scliiioJ, their ohl convent, on Power street, in which 200 uupil« are accomodated. They li^\o a perfect right to rent for thin buihling. 'I'lie Sihters of Notre Dame, in Ottawa, are |)aid rent for the school accomndati«)U which tiii'v give the cluldren ; and \\\h Lordship, the Lii.sliop of Ottawa, as wtill, is paid rent for the ,ol-house8 erectt'd by hmi on his ecclesias- tical proi)erty. Now had the Episcopal Cor- [lOiation of Toronto followed this example it w uld have been inipossible to have Separate Schools here. That the dependence of the .St|iarate Schools on the support of the Episco- l>al Corporation might be made more manifest, tl'.u first act of the Separate School Board, composed of Catholic laymen, was to record ill the minutes of their first meeting a vote to repudiate any personal obligation for anv debts contracted, or outlay made for the Seiuiols. The members could order improve- ments hut were not liable for the debt con- tracted. Had the Bishop and Priests made a s milar declaration, there had been an end to the Separate Schools of Toronto. But the Church is equal to any emergency. .Vs we have said above, the Bishop and Pritsts of the city advanced money and c(»ntracted (lt#)ts l^or school-houses, sites, furniture, re- pairs, fuel, residences for teachers, &c. The entire revenues of the Schools including Gov- ernment grants, could not cover the items of teaching and other necessary expenses. It was hard to hear, in the face of such a record, the scandalous imputation that the Episcopal |iiirporation and Clergy robbed the little iatholica of the city of their birthright of 'alucation The aid of a part of the Protestant press (its respectable journals refused their co- operation) was solicited and obtained to scat- ter calumnies day after day, week after week; imongst the people against us. One paper in particular, which had some thousands of Catholic subscribers, persisted in these calum- nies, notwithstanding that the proprietor of that journal, hitherto considered a friend to Catholic education, was frequently informed by a respected Clergyman of the evil he was etfecting amongst weak Catholics, and especi- ally amongst the youth. We considered it our sacred duty to warn the Clergy of the evil tendencies of this journal, and that such a aper could not be recommended to a Catholic eople. This is also found fault with, but a anufacturer and vendor of poisons has no iglit to complain that his business is inter- trcd with when a father warns his children tgaiust takirg that man's drugs. When St. ^aul was struck in the face, he said, "God will strike theu thou whited wall." A stroke against the character of a Bishop or of his Clergy is yet a greater outrage. Nothing but sincere repentance and a retraction to the fullest extent of the many calumnies spread among thousands of persons, will save the calumniators, their aiders and abettors, front a stroke of God's judgment. To try to shake the contidence of a Catholic people in their Bishop and Clergy is to do the work of the father of lies. Unfortunately we have in Toronto a few u(n()ur- al)le to the Binliopaiid CIer<,'y. Thin was an insult to all past Hoards as well, for the ac- counts were rugular'y sulimitted and passed by the Hctard year after yt^ar. This C-ommittee or Investigation protracted its sittings for six months, ami then submitted a report in which a sum of 3'2,7IiO was shown to have been ex- pended by the Episcopal Corporation and Tarisii Priests of the city (»ver the ordinary revenues of the schools. No mention, of course, was made of sums expended by the clergy or Bishop before these fifteen years, in the infancy of the schools. The report was adopted with but one dissenting voice. The report was so long in coming that we judged it necessary to hold a general meeting of the Catholic citizens of Toronto, iind Mgr. Jamot who was then in the city, laid be.fore them all the accounts which were in his hands dur- ing the hfteen years. The meeting unani- mously approved of the past uianageinent, and expressed itself indignant at the calumnies of the refractory members of the Board, and yet after these proceedings, the evil disposed pro- prietor of the journal spoken of above, con- tinued the evil work, and published an article based on facts wrested from their true mean- ing, still endeavouring to sow seeds of discord anel disaffectii m amongst the people. Mons r. Jamot submitted his account in two ways, from January to January, and from Sept«m- bdr to September, one way it would tally with the Government account, the other would not. A cooked and falsified report was published in one of the city journals based on false issues. Dates were even perverted as well as figures to serve their ends. Some of the poor trustees were heard to say, after being elected, that they hoped in three ye^rs they would finish the Separate Schools in Toronto, as they were not needed. They took the best plan for this end, first to belittle the education given, and the qualificaticm of the teachers, and then to accuse the Episcopal Corporation of misappropriating the funds of the schools. Hon. Mr. Crooks, Minister of Education, to- gether with the Mayor of the city, some alder- men and gentlemen of the press, visited the tchools with ourselves and some of the Trutees ; the evil disposed did not put in an appearance fearing likely that the result of the examina- IftOQ oi th« pupils mi^t cau«e them to bUuh M l.< IMOI tnry u u;i::c.s ' iiiit (lb (l!iiv ! / for their evil reports of the nchools in the pp' Hence of such hdiKuirable testim >ny ; the ]iii|iils were examined, and the Hon. Minister of Edii cation gave his uncjualitied teHtimony tf tlm cfliciency of the Hchoui)niy will dc- ti,u;t from t!iu most ncousaary stiumlant, a iriiiid fair salary to teaelicra. Wo do not ri;il< it is fair or linnnuralilc to rcfiiHi.; teach- ois of Ifelij^iuns Ordfi-a a siiitahle salary for (loml work, mid t<» jmy four times tlie salary tiisi'cniar ti'aehers of tlio same capacity for t'li' (-amu work. 'I'lio workman \h wortliv of Iiin hire, thou;-,h lie lie a meml)or of a [{eli- ^i.iiis Order, Thciso fooH^li men yot ni) the ciy of jirit'sts' party and peo})le's party, as if tlin i)riests were a>j;ainHt the people. The ]imst8 certainly take more interest in the (hiistian education of t!ie children of their (•i.|i;.'i'e;r;ition tiiiui a laym;ui will (if his neigh- bour's children. Priests' party i« the cry of tin; infidels of Italy and France, who are ii:aiii.st the rights iif the ('atholic p(Kii)lo and (hurch. Does anch a cry sound well in the mmith of a Trustee of Catholic Schools ? A tnii! Catholic should esteem his Church and it? teachings iibove all things. It is no great pleasure for priests to fit at the same Hoard flith such men ; tl ey would gladly resign lliuir position to true Catholic gvmtlemen, who wfiuld give their time to the good work. At present, laymen are in the majority on the Board. St. Peter's School has also been the occasion of veiy unjust attacks on the part of those irreligious Trustees. A school house was nfeded near Seat.in Village, nearly two miles north id St. Mary's School. There was a goodly number of Catholic children too far laway, and too young to go to it. Vicar-Gen- eral Rooney, in his zeal for the future as well for the present, determined to establish a tparate School there, and thinking that a ikrch would in time be wanted in that ocality, purcha&ad a large lot on \vhich, be ides a school, a church would be built here- itter. Hence the school house was located on ic corner of the lot, and a recess built behind lie school with folding doors for an altar for miirtiiys when necessary. This recess was ilessed with a short ceremony. The altar was ly twice used in three years. For this school ilding $500 only were voted from the Sepa- t> School funds, when it should be the duty tlie School Board to procure the land, and ild the school and Hnish it. Now, because *.'^. c nMiear-Genend Rooney did both, some trustees I y o»\'f- persisted in accusing the Separate School bout pay m^^ of donating unjustly .^500 towards build- ^ Au^\ Ig St. Peter's Church. CouM yoii^ Ldrdship "^'i^ulcngiiise any mark of OatholJdty aWvht such per *",p Jen to qualify them to be the guardians of the m pn- pii|)il-« ,f Kdu tc tlu= ir« ani\ to \)V< ■ pitbt T- d el s. jhoolw. rotbcr^ icrlioK'li led into read tlo V. Scliii.i: Koiiiaii , Artio' J Schoil the aaiui' litii'.atc (li Cominnn (kd ♦bat either in :onsidoro.il 19 of this Statutes, 0, No. 10. isiastic. or ioua Coin- lempt ffc'in any, of *i<' bUc School •ate School ,d Statutes In Brotl>i:rs iisterboods lers by the tribunal in icomplained Ists on the ibove, that [ition could to school burden of ;nce of the| I Church, as| land also by jresteduess, latterly ol the school jobs, foi [l suffice tl jted a| Catholic education of the children of pious ])arentH. The truth is, Father Kooney built a S(!parat(i School and outhouses, and fenced all, which cost al'out !?2,0(i() indcpimdcnt of the land. Tlu; pcopio of St. Mary's iMdjied him about !?4'10. The true state of the case is that the Vicar-(Ien(>ral could return ilie ^J.'OOto the Board, and charge rcntof abou t ."^' 1 .lO a year for the use of the fchool, sn that the .^'00 are alrt^•lriiuTly u CoiivciiL) 'JOO St. riiurs SLiiiilty btreirt (tor tvn yeura) .^•200 'JOU ir)0 Vi tcPH for iiinny years alxo was only i^C)0, thon $100; iiiiil tlii^yoar l*ir>0 Ih i»roiiii.s(!il. Nnw till! avciai,'*! salary of luyiiiou of this city of tin- HaiMo oa|ia('ity with tlio CiiriHtiuii HrnlhcrH is J)rovt'ii l»y I'lihhc Sciiool (h)cuiiu;iitH toavtiragu IHl'J- soiin! roceivinj,' uh hi;^h aw !:300 a year (the average) 7,500 Total 617,100 or twice the entire revenue of the Soi)arut ) Schools for 1877 78. Our beii'g oblij^fMl to pay merely the small salaries now demanded changes the figures ti) the following : 1() Brothers at .*'-'00 ^,200 21 Sisters at J^loO 3,150 Total $0,350 which is the sum charged to salaries in Keport of 1877. Ditfereuce in favour of the l{eligiou8 Orders of nearly !i>l 1.000 a year on salaries alone. Again, had we an official staff proportioned to our at* 'indance and salaried as the Public Scliools' officers, an additional item of about ^4,000 would be yearly added to our expendi- ture. The place of such a staff' is supplied by the priests and religious of the city. Your Lordship sees again that without the aid of the religious orders Separate Schools would be an impossibility in Toronto. In evidence of the results produced under ;\".;^ deliver me."" The Ti'iost" holy and the present management of the schools, we may be allowed to instance the per capita cost of education in our schools. For 1877 it was $3.07, whilst that of the Public Schools was $11.07, for the same year; yet Hon. Mr. Crooks testified to the efficiency of our schools supported oii such a modest outlay. No wonder enemies of the Catholic Church, both ^he dirgrace of the father is the dishonoil within and without are disgusted with such a the child. We must expect to share in system, and exert themselves against it. chalice of our Divine Lord Himself. Again, had rent been charged by the Episco- shall try to imitate His most holy preo pal Corporation as is done in Ottawa, Halifax, and pray for those that persecute and cal and elsewhere, for the buildings now in use niate ua. We have the honor to be, Your Lordship's humble servant and brother in Christ, t JOHN JOSEPH LYNCH Archbishop of Toront Total SI. 100 a for six HfiluKilH, in uho, sonic twoiity y more or loss, all, on jin uvtraye, tift'jcn yiM;i' by the Stsparate Scho )l linanl. Altugct mi item of iii!l(»,riOO, duo by the So.sHCH it.s laud and prnpii, not for o(lucatiunal purposes aluiu', liur, the widosv;i ;ui<1 tlio orpluuis, the a;^'('d ami firm, as vvorcniai Uodboforo. ilishopsaiid \'v'.< aro tlio bo.'-t frii tidsof the people, and iii^ i thomsolvt's iiiori' tii.in lay trustoos in Llir i,. ed'.ication of the ohiidmn of tiioir oiui',' c tioiis. The Sojuirate Sohnol Board, it' i' Catho'ic us the Jaw of tho land suii ii should not bo in opposition to thts i*i])isc(i Corponition. If it be, it is evident to ovi i (.'athoiio that tho Hoard is in the wron^. II tilt! nilunmios aj;ainst the l<]]tis