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TEMPERANCK LECTURES. 
 
 \ 
 

 ^ii' 
 
TEMPERANCE LECTURES. 
 
 1 <r 
 
 'W- 
 
 THOMAS McMUERAY. 
 
 WITH AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 TORONTO 
 HUNTER, ROSE & COMPANY. 
 
 1873. 
 
f 
 
 Entered according to Act of the Parliament of Canada, in the year one thousand 
 eight hundred and seventy-three, by Thomas McMurrat, in the Office of the 
 Minister of Agriculture. 
 
 HUMTIR, ROBK & Co., 
 
 Printers and Binders, 
 Toronto 
 
iedUatian. 
 
 THIS VOLUME IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED 
 
 TO THB 
 
 '§onamMt P»ItoIm Cameron, 
 
 IN CONSIDERATION OP HIS 
 UNFLINCHING ADHERENCE TO TOTAL ABSTINENCE PRINCIPLES, 
 
 AND AS A MARK OF 
 APPRECIATION OP THE DISTINGUISHED SERVICES 
 
 HE HAS 
 RENDERED THE TEMPERANCE CAUSE IN CANADA 
 
 « 
 
 DURING THE PAST FORTY YEARS, 
 BY HIS SINCERE FRIEND, 
 
 ^t %vA\iQx. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 PAOB 
 
 Frontispiece. 
 
 Introduction 3 
 
 Autobiography 3 
 
 Birth — Birthplace — Paisley 3 
 
 John Nelson Endowment 3 
 
 Abbey Church 4 
 
 The Athenaeum 4 
 
 Cemetery 4 
 
 Hope Temple Gardens 4 
 
 Manufactures 5 
 
 Silk 6 
 
 Shawls 5 
 
 Thread 5 
 
 Eminent Men 5 
 
 Gleniffer Braes , 6 
 
 Martyrs 7 
 
 Early History 8 
 
 A Free Burgh 8 
 
 Boyhood 8 
 
 John Spence.. 8 
 
 My Grandfather 9 
 
 Going to Sea 9 
 
 L'^aping Overboard 9 
 
P" 
 
 VUl CONTENTS. 
 
 FAOB 
 
 Escape 10 
 
 Working on the Railway 12 
 
 Homeward JBound 14 
 
 The Voyage 14 
 
 The Return 15 
 
 The Fever 15 
 
 Marriage 16 
 
 Belfast 16 
 
 Removal to Canada 16 
 
PAOE 
 10 
 
 12 
 14 
 14 
 15 
 15 
 16 
 16 
 16 
 
 LECTUEES. 
 
 LECTUEE I. 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Prohibition ^ 17 
 
 The Panacea 18 
 
 Revenue 19 
 
 Statistics of the City of Toronto 21 
 
 Judge Hagarty 22 
 
 That's the End 22 
 
 A Grand Mistake 23 
 
 Five Hundred Years' License ...'. 27 
 
 Personal Injury 28 
 
 Commercial Injury 30 
 
 National Injury 33 
 
 Lord Palmerston , 35 
 
 Going Too Fast 36 
 
 Anti-British 38 
 
 Free Trade 38 
 
 Our Liberty 39 
 
 Gambling Houses, &c 40 
 
 Gunpowder 41 
 
 Inebriate Asylums 42 
 
 Results of Prohibition 43 
 
 The Prospects 48 
 
X CONTENTS. 
 
 LECTURE II. 
 
 DANGER. 
 
 PAOS 
 
 Danger ' 51 
 
 Two Thousand Physicians 52 
 
 Other Testimony ,, 53 
 
 Moderation 54 
 
 Beware of the Camel's Nose 55 
 
 Th^ First Temptation 67 
 
 Young Men 57 
 
 Parents 64 
 
 Reformed Drunkards 68 
 
 One Glass 68 
 
 Property 69 
 
 Health 70 
 
 Character.. 70 
 
 Life 70 
 
 The Serpent 71 
 
 ''I 
 
 LECTURE III. 
 
 OUR DUTY. 
 
 Our Duty....... 73 
 
 Dr. Edgar 74 
 
 Help the Drunkard to Abstain 74 
 
 Lord Nelson 76 
 
 The Vicar 77 
 
 The Golden Rule 78 
 
 Pity the Drunkard 79 
 
 Rev. John Newton 80 
 
 The Great Fir© at OhiU 81 
 
 Influence , 82 
 
PAQK 
 51 
 
 52 
 53 
 54 
 55 
 57 
 57 
 64 
 68 
 68 
 69 
 70 
 , 70 
 , 70 
 71 
 
 73 
 74 
 74 
 
 76 
 
 77 
 78 
 79 
 80 
 81 
 82 
 
 CONTENTS. XI 
 
 PAOI 
 
 Woman's Influence 82 
 
 Sympathy ^. 83 
 
 My Own Case 83 
 
 Civility 84 
 
 Rev. Ben. Cutler 86 
 
 Hon. Mrs. Yelverton 86 
 
 Honour 88 
 
 LECTURE IV. 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 Early Pioneers 90 
 
 Progress 91 
 
 A Great Work to be done 93 
 
 Scotland 94 
 
 Canada 95 
 
 The Friend of AU 96 
 
 Results 96 
 
 The Press 98 
 
 J. J. E. Linton 99 
 
 David and Goliath 100 
 
 Richard Cobden 102 
 
 Our Trophies 102 
 
 Our Principles 103 
 
 Hon. Malcolm Cameron 105 
 
 The Westminster Review 106 
 
 LECTURE V. 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 It is Fashionable to Drink Ill 
 
 Robert Burns 115 
 
T 
 
 
 xu 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PAUE 
 
 Treating 132 
 
 Friendship 113 
 
 The German Nobleman 114 
 
 All who Drink do not become Drunkards 115 
 
 Mad Dog 115 
 
 Stingy Souls 116 
 
 Decoy Ducks 118 
 
 Drink Stimulates 119 
 
 Drink Helps the Imagination 120 
 
 Drink Strengthens 122 
 
 Sayers and Heenan 122 
 
 Cold Water 122 
 
 Dr. Livingstone 124 
 
 Sir Charles Napier 124 
 
 Captain Kennedy 124 
 
 Duke of Wellington 125 
 
 Temperance put for Religion 126 
 
 Paul and Timothy 128 
 
 The Marriage in Cana T. 129 
 
 J Good Creature of God 130 
 
 I Dislike the Pledge ..* 133 
 
 Selfishness 135 
 
 Prejudice 137 
 
 The Old Song 140 
 
 LECTURE VL 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 Intemperance 141 
 
 Fathers 142 
 
 It Retards 143 
 
 Othello 145 
 
PAUE 
 
 132 
 113 
 114 
 115 
 115 
 116 
 118 
 , 119 
 . 120 
 , 122 
 122 
 . 122 
 . 124 
 . 124 
 . 124 
 . 125 
 126 
 128 
 129 
 130 
 133 
 135 
 137 
 140 
 
 141 
 142 
 143 
 ■.. 145 
 
 CONTENTS. • xiii 
 
 PAGE 
 
 The Slain 147 
 
 Sober by Degrees 151 
 
 Other's Suffer 153 
 
 Early Deaths 157 
 
 Sober People have to Suffer 157 
 
 Risks 159 
 
 Annoyance 160 
 
 How Foolishly some Persons act 161 
 
 How Wickedly 163 
 
 LECTURE Vn. 
 
 THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 The Liquor Traffic 165 
 
 Rev. John Wesley 166 
 
 Five Hundred Pounds Reward 166 
 
 The Sufferers 168 
 
 The Highwayman 171 
 
 Stop Selling 173 
 
 The Greatest Robbers 175 
 
 The Effect Punished 175 
 
 Trade Rules Inverted 176 
 
 A Contrast 177 
 
 LECTURE VHL 
 
 THE EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 The Physical Effects of Alcohol 178 
 
 The Social Effects of Drinking 182 
 
 John and Sarah 183 
 
 Working Men 186 
 
 The Mental Effects of Intemperance 188 
 
xiy 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 f- ! 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Sir William Hamilton 190 
 
 Mind 190 
 
 Hugh Miller 194 
 
 LECTURE IX. 
 
 t^ 
 
 THE ASPECT OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 The Moral Aspect of the Question 196 
 
 The Publicans 196 
 
 The Parrot 196 
 
 Sabbath Schools 197 
 
 Sir A. Alison 197 
 
 Liverpool and Drink 198 
 
 Sir Morton Peto 199 
 
 The Religious Aspect 202 
 
 Archdeacon JeflFrys 207 
 
 Bishop Burgess ' 207 
 
 Dr. Guthrie , 207 
 
 Rev. Theo. L. Cuyler 208 
 
 Ministerial Declaration 209 
 
 Noble Examples 212 
 
 The Best Temperance Book 213 
 
 Niagara Falls 214 
 
 A Warning 215 
 
 The Great Folly 215 
 
 Pagans 216 
 
 LECTURE X. 
 
 THE MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOLIC STIMULANTS. 
 
 The Medicinal Use of Alcoholic Stimulants 219 
 
 Sir Astley Cooper 219 
 
196 
 196 
 196 
 197 
 197 
 198 
 199 
 202 
 207 
 .'207 
 207 
 208 
 209 
 212 
 213 
 214 
 215 
 215 
 216 
 
 CONTENTS. XV 
 
 PAGE 
 
 An Experiment 219 
 
 Appetite 220 
 
 Doctors 222 
 
 A Change for the Better 223 
 
 Dr. Lees ... 224 
 
 Prof. Miller 224 
 
 Medical Declaration 228 
 
 An Appeal 229 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 219 
 219 
 
 Prohibition — Legislative Action 232 
 
 The Temperance Enterprise: 
 
 The Hypochondriac Wife 254 
 
 An Obstinate Deacon 255 
 
 The"Twa Bears" 256 
 
 A Picture of Real Life 257 
 
 Thomas Wilkins' New Year's Gift 262 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 The Smoky Chimney 273 
 
 A Widow's Address 274 
 
 The Apostrophe to Water 276 
 
 Cost of Intemperance 277 
 
 A Liquor Dealer's Advertisement 279 
 
I 
 
 XVI CONTENTS. 
 
 TEMPERANCE BALLADS. 
 
 Woman's Influence 282 
 
 Dear Friends, Drink no more 283 
 
 The Dying Son 284 
 
 
 » » 
 
INTEODUCTION. 
 
 IN presenting this volume to the public, I lay no claim to 
 originality or literary ability. The delivery of those 
 Lectures, however, have not been without results in the 
 past, and numerous friends having urged that they should 
 appear in this form, I have complied. More willingly 
 have I consented, as it is no longer possible for me to make 
 my periodical visits to advocate the claims of Temperance 
 as in days gone by. I deeply regret that other business 
 engagements have prevented me from having sufficient 
 time at my disposal to prepare them as I would have 
 desired for the press. I trust that critics will look mild- 
 ly upon my humble production, and that it may in some 
 measure tend to prepare the public mind for the entire 
 prohibition of the Liquor Traffic. 
 
 I have to acknowledge my indebtedness to Mr. John 
 Parkhill for much of the information regarding my native 
 place, which is taken frpm his excellent work entitled 
 « The History of Paisley." 
 
 THOMAS McMURRAY. 
 
autobiogkXphy. 
 
 I WAS born on the 7th of May, 1831, at Paisley, Scot- 
 land. As disputes have arisen at the close of some of 
 my meetings as to my nationality, I desire to state that my 
 father is a native of County Armagh, Ireland; my mother 
 (whose maiden name was Jane Baxter) was born at Alloa, 
 Scotland. Paisley, including its suburbs, is spread over 
 a tract of ground comprising an area of about two and a 
 half miles. Its main street runs from east to west nearly 
 two miles, and forms part of the road from Glasgow to 
 Beith, and the towns on the coast of Ayrshire. Various 
 have been the opinions held respecting Paisley. Rowland 
 Hill pronounced it the Paradise of Scotland, while others 
 have circulated very different views. Of late years its 
 appearance has been improved. The streets are well paved 
 and lighted with gas. The town is also plentifully sup- 
 plied with very superior water, brought from the Braes of 
 Gleniffer by means of reservoirs. Amongst the attrac- 
 tions, are the John Nelson Endowment, for educating, 
 clothing, and outfitting young persons who have acquired 
 a three years' residence in town, and whose parents have 
 died without leaving funds for that purpose. The build- 
 ing, which is erected on the highest point of ground, is 
 one of the greatest attractions of the place. It is of Ita- 
 
4 
 
 AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 i V. 
 
 i i 
 
 lian architecture, with four fronts 120 feet in lenirth, sur- 
 mounted by a central dome 90 feet high, from the balcony 
 of which ten counties may be seen. The magnificent Abbey 
 Church, which existed at the Reformation, was built in 
 the reigns of James I and II., and was nearly completed 
 by Abbot Thomas in 1459. It was after the model of a 
 cathedral, in the form of a cross, with a lofty steeple finish- 
 ed after the Abbot's death. The spacious building of 
 this monastery, with its extensive orchards and gardens, 
 and a small park for fallow-deer^ were surrounded by a 
 magnificent wall of cut stone, upwards of a mile in cir- 
 cumference, which was built in the reign of James III., in 
 1485, by George Shaw, Abbot of Paisley. The nave of 
 the monastery, now the Abbey Church of Paisley, forms a 
 most interesting surviving specimen of Gothic architec- 
 ture. It is the only part which now remains of this once 
 splendid building. The Abbey of Paisley was the family 
 burying-place of the Stuarts before their accession to 
 the throne, and even after that period ; Euphemie, Queen 
 of Robert II., and Robert III. were buried at Paisley — 
 the first in 1387, and the second in 1406. In 1847 an 
 Athenaeum was instituted, also an Artizans' Institution, 
 and a Government School of Design was likewise opened. 
 The Grammar School is a royal foundation, haviiig been 
 established by James VI. in 1576. Some years ago, a 
 public cemetery was formed. It is beautifully situated 
 on a rising ground to the west of the town, and is taste- 
 fully ornamented ; here my dear mother, who departed 
 this life on the 13th day of April, 1859, is buried. Hope 
 Temple Gardens is a lovely spot, adorned with the 
 
AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 choicest selection of plants and flowers, and trees of the 
 rarest kind. It is acknowledged one of the finest in Scot- 
 land. 
 
 Paisley has attained the eminence of being one of the 
 first manufacturing towns in the world. The manufac- 
 ture of silk was first introduced in Maxwelton, Paisley, 
 in the year 1759, and started a new era in the prosperity 
 of the place. The shawl trade, for which Paisley has 
 become so noted, commenced in the early part of the 
 present century. 
 
 Paisley has long been celebrated for the manufacture of 
 thread, which forms the most generally prosperous branch 
 of trade. At first it was made from linen yarn, and ori- 
 ginated with a Miss Shaw, daughter of the Laird of Bar- 
 garran. The two largest factories are the Seedhills (J. & P. 
 Clark), and Ferguslie (J. Si P. Coats). The thread is made 
 of the best cotton yarn, and the machinery used is of the 
 most ingenious description. It is a grand sight to view 
 the process of thread -making, and see the hundreds of 
 handsome, healthy-looking young women, all clad with 
 drugget petticoats and light-coloured jupes, busy as bees 
 in a hive. Paisle}^ thread was exhibited in Paris, in the 
 Universal Exhibition of 1855, b}' all the manufacturers, 
 and the jury awarded a medal to each exhibitor, and ex- 
 pressed their opinion strongly in favour of its excellence 
 
 Paisley has become noted as the birthplace of eminent 
 men. Mr. John Henning, the celebrated modeller, w^as a 
 native of Paisley ; Fillans, the sculptor, spent his boyhood 
 days in this ancient town ; Mr. Morrison, Jacquard ma- 
 chine maker, whose inventions have won for him a high 
 
6 
 
 ArjTOBIOGAAPHY. 
 
 place in manufacturing circles, was born here. John Wil- 
 son — the celebrated Christopher ^l arth, of world-wide ce- 
 lebrity — was a Paisley man ; Robert Tannahill, the sweet 
 lyrical poet, was the son of a Paisley weaver ; to which 
 I may add William Finlay and Alexander Wilson, the 
 ornithologist and poet. 
 
 At Elderslie, about two miles west of Paisley, stands 
 the venerable old house where the renowned Sir William 
 Wallace was Vorn, The tree under which the hero took 
 shelter when pursued by his enemies, stood about the 
 centre of the village, and was an object of great admira- 
 tion. A small portion of it I have now in my possession, 
 and value it highly as a relic of the past. 
 
 The Braes of Gleniffer — braes rendered classic by the 
 muse of Tannahill — have always been a favourite place 
 of resort by Paisley folks. The view from varic^us points 
 on these lulls is scarcely to be equalled in Scotland. 
 The fine vale of Renfrewshire lies before you like a map, 
 with its towns and villages; railways arid rivers ; whilst 
 beyond this is seen the Clyde, with steamers constantly 
 plying on it. Dumbarton Castle, and beyond this the 
 mountains of Argyleshire, rise in majestic grandeur, with 
 beautiful Loch Lomond to complete the view, forming 
 one of the most magnificent landscapes that the eye ever 
 witnessed. 
 
 The Romans invaded Britain under Julius Caesar fifty- 
 five years before the Christian era, but it was not till 
 one hundred and thirty-five years later, in the reign of 
 the Emperor Vespasian, that Agricola, with the Roman 
 army, advanced into the northern parts of the country. 
 
 ••Mmh 
 
AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 The Romans occupied Britain to a certain extent for 
 nearly five hundred years, during two hundred of which 
 Paisley was an important Roman military station. No 
 doubt the natives gained a knowledge and practice of 
 the useful arts by coming in contact with the warriors 
 of Rome, and as there were many Christian soldiers in 
 the Roman army, this little colony was soon instructed 
 in the new faith. During the eventful years that follow- 
 ed, the people of Paisley stood steadfast to their Presby- 
 terian integrity, and during the civil wars had a sad 
 struggle. The restoration of the unprincipled Charles 
 II. was the restoration of unprincipled tyranny. There 
 is one episode, however, which cannot be omitted : James 
 Algie and John Park, farmers in Kinneshead, in the 
 parish of Eastwood, were charged with Covenanting 
 principles. On private information they were arrested 
 and brought to Paisley Jail. Hamilton of Orbiston, a 
 commissioner for the trial of Covenanting rebels, came to 
 Paisley to superintend the trial. On the 3rd of Feb- 
 ruary, 1685, they were charged with refusing the oath 
 of abjuration. They were found guilty at 10 A.M., exe- 
 cuted at 2 P.M., and buried at the foot of the gallows in 
 Gallow Green. On their gravestone was placed the follow- 
 ing inscription : "Here lie the corpses of James Algie 
 and John Park, who sufiered at the Cross of Paisley, for 
 refusing the oath of abjuration, February 3, 1685." This 
 stone, with part of the dust and bones of the martyrs, 
 was removed from the common place of execution to 
 a new burying-ground in Broomlands, adjoining the 
 cemetery, by order of John Stone, John Pattison, 
 
' 8' 
 
 AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ; I 
 
 1^ 
 
 Bi > 
 
 and John Cochrane, magistrates in Paisley. A few 
 years since, an elegant monument, from a design by 
 Mr. Druramond, was erected to their memory. The hor- 
 rid state of things indicated came to an end, and the 
 twenty-eight years of cruel persecution which Scotland 
 suflfered for conscience sake were finished by the flight of 
 the detestable James II., and putting William, Prince of 
 Orange, of glorious memory, in his place as King of Scot- 
 land, England, and Ireland. 
 
 Paisley was constituted into a free burgh in barony on 
 the 19th day of August, 1488, and in the first year of the 
 reign of James IV. 
 
 My father was a weaver. When only seven years of age 
 I was employed as a draw-boy, at which I continued until 
 I was eleven years old ; then I commenced weaving, but 
 not being content with driving the shuttle, I afterwards 
 was engaged to Mr. John Spence, butter and egg mer- 
 chant, with whom^ I stayed for three years. During my 
 apprenticeship with that gentleman, I attended a night 
 school, where I acquired a limited education. On the 9th 
 of September, 1845, the first juvenile Total Abstinence 
 Society was formed in the town, when my name was en- 
 rolled as its fifth member, and before I was sixteen years 
 of age I was elected president, and frequently addressed 
 meetings in my native town, Ayr and other places. 
 
 And here I cannot help expressing how deeply I am 
 obhgated to Mr. John Spence, to whose wise head, kind 
 heart and Christian example I owe much, and as a mark 
 of my lasting gratitude I have given one of my sons his 
 name, praying that he may emulate his many virtues. 
 
 ;■!' I 
 
AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 I remember being told by my mother, that my grand- 
 father — ^while plying his vocation as a stocking weaver — 
 on one occasion during a thunder storm, near a window, 
 had his hair instantly turned from black to white, the 
 silver-washed buttons on his knee-breeches tarnished, 
 and yet felt nothing beyond a strange sensation pass over 
 his whole frame. 
 
 From having read stories of life at sea, I acquired a 
 strong desire to become a sailor, and on June 23rd, 1846, 
 I sailed from Glasgow as an apprentice ; but the voyage 
 from Liverpool to New York more than satisfied me that 
 I had not the wisdom of Solomon. One or two little inci- 
 dents of the voyage I have never forgotten. The first mate 
 frequently employed me to wash for him. On one occa- 
 sion T tied a rope's end to a pair of pants and flung them 
 overboard to rinse, when the action of the water quickly 
 severed the connection, and away went the pants. Know- 
 ing by past experience that if they were not forthcoming 
 when demanded a sound flogging would be the result, I 
 instantly ran to the ship's stem and leaped overboard, 
 and succeeded in regaining the inexpressibles, throwing 
 them over my left shoulder, and made my way back to 
 the ship. Fortunately the sailors observed my impulsive 
 act, and sounded "'bout ship," so that a rope was thrown 
 ovrer, which I greedily seized, and once more stood upon 
 the deck of the Ellerslie of Glasgow. While lying at 
 anchor at the Quarantine in New York harbour I observed 
 three men making ready to abandon the ship. While they 
 were dropping their hammocks into the boat, I ran down to 
 the forecastle, and, unlocking my chest, seized the Bible 
 
10 
 
 AUTOBIOaRAPHY. 
 
 which had been presented to me by my mother on leaving 
 home, and made for the boat. While descending the cable 
 chain the sailors objected, but I said I would sound the 
 alarm unless they would allow me to enter, to which they 
 reluctantly complied. Off we rowed in a straight line 
 ahead of the ship, then we steered for Ked Hook Point. 
 On our arrival at Long Island, the boat was pulled on 
 shore ; here the three sailors went into a tavern. "Whilst 
 drinking, they stated that there was an apprentice out on 
 the beach, and expressed their regret at being obliged to 
 leave him, but as he was the property of the ship, they 
 were afraid to do otherwise. Fortunately for me, Mr. 
 Henry Beardall was painting at this place, and overheard 
 what passed. During this conversation I was sitting on 
 the shore, without a cent in my pocket or one friend on 
 this side of the broad Altantic, my entire stock in trade 
 consisting of a paii of canvas trousers, blue flannel shirt, 
 and the Bible before alluded to. While lamenting the 
 bitter fruit of my past folly, Mr. Beardall approached, and 
 kindly invited me home, an offer which I gladly accepted, 
 and for which I shall ever feel deeply thankful. After 
 spending some days at his hospitable dwelling, he sug- 
 gested that I should go to the place where the long-boat 
 had been left and inquire if the ship had sailed. On enter- 
 ing the tavern, I was surprised to find the first and second 
 mates, boatswain and others sitting round a table enjoy- 
 ing tneir grog. Quick as thought, I turned round and 
 ran with more than ordinary speed, never stopping until 
 I had placed myself in a concealed place beyond their 
 reach ; and tmis I escaped. When Mr. Beardall was satis- 
 
AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 11 
 
 fied that the ship had sailed, he began to exert himself 
 in order to find employment for me : this he continued 
 without success for about two weeks, when, accompanied 
 by his son, I proceeded to New York to apply for a situa- 
 tion. On leaving, I resolved that I would not return to be 
 a further burden upon his generosity, no matter what the 
 consequences might be, as I could not bear the thought 
 of remaining longer when I had no prospect of remune- 
 rating him for his kindness. Many were the attempts I 
 made to find work, but failure awaited me on every hand ; 
 at last, wearied arid downcast, I stood upon the side -walk, 
 not knowing what to do : the young man who was with 
 me all the while doing his best to persuade me to return 
 home with him to Brooklyn. While in this dilemma, a man 
 who had been observing my movements came up and said, 
 " My brave young fellow, will you go to sea ?" to which 
 I replied, " Yes, I'll go anywhere," when he invited me 
 into an adjoining tavern to have dinner, whereupon 
 young Beardall ran home and informed his father that 
 one of the men-catchers who got so many dollars per 
 head for entrapping young men to go to Greenland on 
 whaling voyages had taken me. Mr. Beardall on hearing 
 this news left his work and came over to where I was, and 
 lifting me in his arms — while the tears ran down his face 
 — he never let me go until he placed me down upon the 
 deck of the ferry-boat plying between New York and 
 Brooklyn. The stern men-catchers refused to let me go, 
 stating that the ship would sail in an hour, but my bene- 
 factor wept and pleaded so that at last they allowed him 
 to carry out his purpose; thus was I again delivered, 
 
12 
 
 AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 and brought once more beneath the roof of my genuine 
 friend. 
 
 Some days afterwards the following advertisement ap- 
 peared in the morning papers : — " Wanted, Men to work 
 on the 63rd and 64th sections of the New York and 
 Erie Railroad," &c. &c., in response to which I took my 
 departure. 
 
 My friend accompanied me to the boat and paid my 
 fare as far as Ottisvillc, and as the advertisement stated 
 that teams would be waiting there to convey parties to 
 the works, I refused to accept of anything saving my 
 bare passage money. On leaving Mr. Beardall, it was 
 a trying scene ; I was deeply conscious of my obliga- 
 tions, and yet had not the ability to make any compen- 
 sation. All I possessed was the Bible before referred to, 
 and just as the boat was moving off I placed it in his 
 hand, although I prized it beyond gold, and requested him 
 to keep it until he should hear from me again, At length I 
 arrived at Ottisville, but no teams were in waiting, so I 
 was obliged to take shelter for the night in the freight 
 shed. Next morning, feeling hungry and being destitute 
 of means, I entered a house and asked for help, but was 
 roughly refused. Thus without money, food, or friends, I 
 was left to reflect on the folly of leaving home contrary 
 to the entreaties and tears of loving parents. At length 
 my eye caught a wild apple tree in a field near the station, 
 which I ascended, and gladly did I partake of the sour 
 fruit +-0 allay the cravings of hunger. Again the shades of 
 8ve?iing gathered over me, and I took refuge in the freight 
 .";h.ed. After spending a restless night the long-looked-for 
 
AUTOBIOGllAPHY. 
 
 18 
 
 morning came, and as I sauntered forch I met a navvy going 
 to his work with a piece of bread in his hand. Stepping up 
 to him I said, " Friend, I'm very hungry ; will you give me 
 a bite of bread ?" to which he replied, " Here, take it aU, 
 and I will go and bring you more," which he did, and for 
 which to this day I feel truly thankful. It is utterly impos- 
 sible for me to convey even the faintest idea of the bitter 
 remorse which I felt. At last despair seized me, and I 
 began to contemplate taking away my life by hanging or 
 drowning, when the long-looked-for team arrived, and off I 
 started to my new field of labour. Arrived at the shanty 
 and partaken of a hearty meal, I retired to rest; next morn- 
 ing at sunrise I arose with the other men, and after 
 breakfast began work as a common navvy; but being only 
 16 years old, and never having been accustomed to out- 
 door labour, I found it hard work to wield the heavy pick, 
 as I undermin ed the stiff embankment. The contractor 
 (Bevere Depuy) coming along soon perceived that the 
 work was more than I could manage, and kindly promised 
 to look out for something lighter. Shortly afterwards I 
 was appointed carter, but not being accustomed to horses 
 I drove too near the edge and precipitated horse and cart 
 down the steep embankment, a distance of 60 feet ; but, 
 fortunately for the owner, no serious injury resulted. The 
 cook having taken sick I was requested to fill that im- 
 portant office which, I occupied during my stay at the 
 Shewangunk mountains. Thus the time passed. Every 
 mouth the roll was called, and the men appeared and re- 
 ceived Iheir wages ; but as it was my intention to return 
 home, I left my wages in the bauds of my employers until 
 
H^^ 
 
 14 
 
 AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 I ! , 
 
 I would have sufficient to enable me to accomplish this. 
 But imagine the disappointment I experienced when one 
 morning the news spread along the line that Bevere 
 Depuy had failed, and, although he had near eighteen 
 months' wages of mine, it was with diffiealty that I pro- 
 cured a coat and pair of boots out of the store, and suffi- 
 cient money to carry me back to New York. What was 
 I now to do ? Whether would I proceed further into the 
 country and attempt to earn enough to take me home, or 
 make for New York and try to work my passage back ? 
 Love of home predominated. On my arrival at New 
 York I waited upon several captains, related my circum- 
 stances, and asked permission to work my passage home ; 
 but was refused in every instance. Making the acquaint- 
 ance of a ship carpenter on board a homeward-bound 
 vessel, I seized the opportunity, and just before the ship 
 left her moorings stepped on board. After the pilot had 
 left, and I learned that we were out at sea, I left my hid- 
 ing place ; the news soon spread, and the captain demand- 
 ed that the stowaway should appear in his presence. 
 Never shall I forget that introduction ; his first act was to 
 kick me across the deck, and then I had to go aloft, where 
 I was exposed to the cold for hours. The weather was 
 exceedingly stormy ; for 48 hours the sailors did not retire 
 to rest, their only food being biscuits and water. The gal- 
 ley and one of the anchors were swept away, and two of 
 the sailors were washed overboard. I well remember that 
 while the ship was going at the rate of 13 or 14 knots an 
 hour, the captain, maddened with brandy, would pace the 
 deck and would alternately whistle and exclaim, ** Blow, 
 
 -■ifssss^nenss^smi-n 
 
AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 
 
 15 
 
 ye d — d winds, blow." After a voyage of 19 days we 
 aiTived at Liverpool, with only the mainsail on board, all 
 the rest having been shattered to pieces. Though in 
 Liverpool, the next difficulty was how to get home. Gladly 
 did I deposit the boots and coat with the steam-boat 
 agents in pledge for a passage from Liverpool to Greenock, 
 which occupied 24 hours, during which I only ate once. 
 Then I Jiad 18 miles to walk to Paisley ; hungry and 
 fatigued I journeyed on, glad to beg a raw turnip from 
 a farmer's boy. When within two miles of home, over- 
 come with weakness I entered a house and asked for a 
 morsel of bread, to which the servant replied, "Themais- 
 ter and mistress are awa at the kirk, and I hae naething 
 tae gie ye." Coming out I sat down upon a ditch and rea- 
 >, soned thus : " Heie am I within two miles of home, and, 
 after all my fatigue, shall I die before I see my parents, 
 or will I try to proceed? 0, how I long to see my father's 
 face ! and how I wish that my dear mother's tender hands 
 would close these eyelids ! I'll try it , again, if I should 
 crawl on my hands and feet." At lengpbhfay father's house 
 appeared in sight (this was on S^bl^fth evening, March 
 12th, 1848). No sooner did I ent|B^e close than my dear 
 mother recognized my step, and s|ad : " There's Thomas," 
 and for nine days she never spoke another word. 0, the 
 depth of a mother's love ! it is firm as a rock and stronger 
 than death. " If there be one thing pure, where all beside 
 is sullied, that can endure when aU else pass away — if 
 there be aught surpassing human word or deed or thought, 
 it is a mother's love." 
 
 The fever had been raging in Paisley ; every member of 
 
I 
 
 16 
 
 ATTTOBIOQRAPHY. 
 
 my family, excepting my father, had been afflicted by it, 
 and the hardships through which I had just passed made 
 me an easy victim to the disease ; consequently I took ill, 
 and my life for some weeks was despaired of, but God in 
 his mercy restored me again. After my recovery I re- 
 moved to Glasgow, where I was employed as salesman in 
 a large grocery establishment. On 10th June, 1850, 
 although not 20 years of age, I got married to my second 
 cousin, and commenced business on my own account in my 
 native town. In 1852 1 removed to Belfast, and for several 
 years followed the occupation of commercial traveller, and 
 in 1858 became identified with the "Irish Temperance 
 League." In 1861 I emigrated to the district of Muskoka, 
 in the Province of Ontario, where I have resided ever since. 
 It is with pain that I am obliged to state, that when I 
 became a young man I began to indulge in the drinking 
 usages, and my position as a commercial traveller greatly 
 exposed me to the seductive influences of strong drink ; 
 but I am glad to add that, through the exertions of Mr. 
 James H. Beatty, a zealous Temperance man, I was in- 
 duced to identify myself with the good cause, and from 
 that tim^ to the present I have endeav^oured to do my 
 utmost to advance its interests. I look upon it as the 
 cause of humanity and the cause of God. 
 
 I 
 
LECTUKE I. 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 THE all-absorbing topic of the day is the Prohibition of 
 the Liquor Trafl&c ; nor is this to be wondered at, 
 when we consider that the greatest evil of the present day is 
 the use of alcoholic stimulants as common beverages. And 
 still the demon flaunts before the youth of our land, in 
 gilded saloons and taverns, at the corner of almost every 
 one of the streets in our various towns and cities — there 
 with the words " Licensed to sell," instead of, " Beware, 
 young men, this is the way to hell." With glittering de- 
 canters and smiling decoys, the youth of our land are in 
 danger of being led to acquire an appetite for strong drink, 
 whereby they become ruined for time and ruined for all 
 eternity. Now, would you save the flower of the age 
 from a drunkard's grave and from a burning hell, you 
 must arise and strike for freedom, because this blighting 
 curse is sweeping over our land like a mighty wave, killing 
 and threatening destruction to tens of thousands of the 
 most promising young men to be found upon this vast 
 ! continent. 
 
 It has been asked, What is the panacea for this gigantic 
 c 
 
18 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 1 
 
 
 evil ? to which we reply, It is just what the blessed Re- 
 deemer taught over eighteen hundred years ago, when He 
 said, " Lead us not into temptation ;" for if the bar-room 
 be not a temptation to the youth of the land, then there 
 is no temptation to which they are exposed. 
 
 An Irishman once went to a magistrate and said, "Your 
 honour, Denis O'Brien has sworn that he'll take my life." 
 " Well, Pat," said the squire, " go home and make your 
 mind easy, and if he kills you, Pat, I'll hang him." " But 
 sure, your honour," replied Pat, " wouldn't it be better to 
 hang him before he takes my life ?" Pat thought that 
 prevention was better than cure. He wanted to save one 
 precious life at least, and that was his own. So we want 
 to prevent, as far as possible, the recurrence of the sad 
 effects of intemperance ; and oh ! surely drink has done 
 enough of harm in the past to cause every man and woman 
 in the realm to set themselves for ever against it. 
 
 " It were better," said a poor condemned criminal to 
 the judges, dressed in their long robes, after they had 
 passed sentence upon him, " it were better for you to close 
 the whisky shops than punish the crimes they lead to." 
 
 John Knox said — " Pull down the rookery, and the 
 rooks wiU leave it." 
 
 If you would get rid of wasps, you must not only kill 
 the wasp that stings you, but you must destroy the wasp's 
 nest. So with drink ; we must destroy the taverns, which 
 are moral pest-houses. 
 
 If you would give the drunkard a chance to reform, 
 this is indispensable ; for often his strongest resolutions 
 of amendment become as threads of wax in the presence 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 19 
 
 of a hot furnace of fire, as he comes in contact with a 
 hquor shop. 
 
 The celebrated Dr. , of Simcoe, was addicted to 
 
 intemperance. The doctor told Elder Slaght, of Waterford, 
 that nothing less than Total Prohibition would save him. 
 He often contemplated going to Maine to escape the 
 temptations to drink. He was often seized with delirium 
 tremens, and in the last stage he experienced a very 
 offensive smell, and recovered. The doctor told the Elder 
 that if he took it again, death was inevitable ; for he had 
 attended scores of cases, and never knew a single instance 
 where the patient had manifested this symptom, but the 
 next time he was attacked he died. Alas ! the doctor 
 was again seized, and died, an he had predicted. Thus 
 passed away one of the most gifted of men, a scholar and 
 a gentleman — one who .was an honour to the medical 
 profession. 
 
 It has been proved that seventeen cases out of every 
 twenty brought before our J. P.'s, coroners and quarter 
 sessions, have their origin in, or are the result of, this 
 traffic. 
 
 But what would become of the revenue only for this 
 traffic? We believe the Licensed Liquor Traffic, from 
 beginning to end, to be a Royal mistake. Take', for 
 example, the statistics of this Province for the year 
 1851. 
 
 According to a Government report, there was in 1851 
 imported 536,040 galls, of spirits of different kinds, valued 
 at £120,523 3s. lid. ; and in bond, 268,383 galls., valued 
 at £66,908 5s. lid. Li addition to which there was made 
 
20 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 and reported, by 149 stills, 2,269,141 galls., valued at 
 £141,821 6s. 3d., besides an immense quantity made and 
 not reported to the Government ; making the cost for the 
 liquor alone £329,252 16s. Id. ; in addition to which must 
 be recognised — because we have to pay the enormous hill 
 — the cost of the administration of justice in the Province, 
 which burdensome expense is, to a very great extient, in- 
 curred to punish crime. According to the report of the 
 Hon. F. Hincks for 1852, the administration of justice 
 cost, directly and indij;ectly, the tremendous sum of 
 £127,161 4s. 9d. In addition to which amount ought to be 
 placed the cost of our police, bailiffs aM other public offi- 
 cers of the peace not included in the above sum, which, 
 added to the cost of the prolific source of the crime pun- 
 ished, presents the sum of £456,414 Os. lOd. paid for a 
 traffic the history of which is written in crime and blood, 
 and for which the Government has received a revenue of 
 £67,981 6s. 6d., leaving the people to pay £388,432 14s. 
 4d. One million four hundred and forty-three thous- 
 and seven hundred and thirty dollars for the privilege 
 of getting as a revenue £67,981 6s. 6d. ! to which enor- 
 mous loss might be added the cost of the time lost, litiga- 
 tion caused by, and bad debts the result of, intemperance. 
 
 The Ontario Parliament in 1868 voted as follows : 
 
 For the Administration of Justice $206,580 26. 
 
 For Hospitals and Charities 169,488 50. 
 
 For Penetanguishene Reformatory 23,013 37. 
 
 $399,082 13. 
 While the eutire revenue from tavern and other licenses 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 21 
 
 alued at 
 lade and 
 it for the 
 lich must 
 nous hill 
 Province, 
 :tient, in- 
 rt of the 
 )f justice 
 1 sum of 
 ght to be 
 ublic offi- 
 n, which, 
 ime pun- 
 aid for a 
 nd blood, 
 jvenue of 
 ,432 14s. 
 ee thous- 
 Drivilege 
 ich enor- 
 st, litiga- 
 aperance. 
 ws: 
 80 26. 
 88 50. 
 13 37. 
 
 82 13. 
 licenses 
 
 only amounted to $22,250.00. I think all must admit that 
 three-fourths of the above expenditure is caused by strong 
 drink, so that in this Province alone there was a loss of 
 $376,832,13. If you add to this the money expended for 
 liquor, and the time wasted in the drinking usages, toge- 
 ther with the loss of life and property caused by intem- 
 perance, what a fearful -aggregate is presented ! 
 
 Some time ago a friend in Toronto published a tract, 
 entitled "Begin Right; or, Facts in Figures for the 
 People," from which I submit the following : — 
 
 " There were three thousand five hundred and sixty-six 
 arrests in the City of Toronto for the police year eighteen 
 hundred and sixty-four, each of which cost, on an average, 
 seven dollars, for their mere arrest and police court trial. 
 Two thousand five hundred and forty-four of them cost 
 fourteen dollars each for their prosecution and imprison- 
 ment. Two thousand two hundred and sixteen of the 
 above were taken up for being drunk and disorderly, and 
 for illicit selling. Now, if three-fourths of the remainder 
 of the arrests were caused by drink, then three thousand 
 two hundred and twenty-nine out of the three thousand 
 five hundred and sixty-six originated with drink, or only 
 three hundred and thirty-seven cases in the whole but 
 what resulted from the traffic." 
 
 I also find that the expense to the public of keeping up 
 the Houses of Providence and Industry, and the Boys', 
 Girls' and Orphans' Homes amounted to thi: ty-four thous- 
 and four hundred and twenty-eight dollars. That no less 
 than four thousand eight hundred persons were brought 
 t<> the House of Correction, or the Houses of Charity 
 
22 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 M 
 
 LI 
 
 named, through drink. That while the liquor traffic from 
 all sources only brought in a revenue to the city of twenty- 
 one thousand five hundred and seventy-three dollars, it 
 cost in the punishment of the crime caused thereby sev- 
 enty-five thousand three hundred and forty-nine dollars ; 
 producing a direct loss to the ratepayers of fifty-three 
 thousand seven hundred and seventy-six. 
 
 During one of my visits to Barrie, I found that out of 
 160 committals tc gaol, 132 were for drunkenness ; the 
 other 28 were accounted for as follows : — 
 
 4 habitual drunkards, ^ 
 
 1 insane person, 
 
 2 Indians, 
 1 Idiot. 
 
 Twenty said they could take it or let it alone ; but the 
 jailer said they could let it alone best when in jail. 
 
 Judge Hagarty stated at the assizes held in London, 
 Ont., in October, 1864, that " It was well known to every 
 Judge on the Bench that the great mass of the crime 
 committed in the country was occasioned by tippling in 
 these abominable nests or dens which infested every part 
 of the country." 
 
 "That's the end!" said a distiller to a visitor as he pointed 
 to the product of the still as it flowed out at the comple- 
 tion of the manufacturing process ; " That's the end," said 
 the distiller exultingly. No ! my friends, that's not the 
 end ; it's only the beginning of the work of death, and 
 instead of it being the end, it is the commencement of 
 povert}^ misery, wretchedness, crime and death. It fills 
 our jails, our poor-houses, our lunatic asylums and our 
 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 23 
 
 affic from 
 f twenty- 
 loUars, it 
 reby sev- 
 3 dollars ; 
 ifty-three 
 
 at out of 
 
 ness ; the 
 
 ; but the 
 
 London, 
 to every 
 ne crime 
 pling in 
 ery part 
 
 } pointed 
 comple- 
 ad," said 
 not the 
 Eith, and 
 ment of 
 It fills 
 and our 
 
 
 '# 
 
 <& 
 
 graveyards ; and it will take eternity itself to exhaust the 
 end of the mischief this traffic is causing. Distilleries 
 have been called the Devil's tea-kettles ; and if anything 
 would clothe the Devil and his imps with mourning, it 
 would be the destruction of the liquor traffic. 
 
 I hold that what is morally wrong cannot be politically 
 right. Now, here is a traffic which, according to the 
 testimony of judges, jailers, magistrates, and all who are 
 competent to give an opinion, is proved to be immoral in 
 its tendency. 
 
 The Government has committed a grand mistake in 
 throwing the sanction of law around the liquor traffic ; 
 and we fully endorse the following platform laid down 
 by the United Kingdom Alliance: — 
 
 " I. That it is neither right nor politic for the State to 
 affiDrd legal protection and sanction to any traffic or sys- 
 tem that tends to increase crime, to waste the national re- 
 sources, to corrupt the social habits and to destroy the 
 health and lives of the people. 
 
 " II. That the traffic in Intoxicating Liquors, as common 
 beverages, is inimical to the true interests of individuals, 
 and destructive of the order and welfare of society, and 
 ought therefore to be prohibited. 
 
 " III. That the history and results of all past legislation 
 in regard to the Liquor Traffic abundantly prove that it is 
 impossible satisfactorily to limit or regulate a system so 
 essentially mischievous in its tendencies. , 
 
 " IV. That no consideration of private gain or public re- 
 venue can justify the upholding of a system so utterly 
 
24 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 
 wrong in principle, suicidal in policy, and disastrous in 
 results, as the Traffic in Intoxicating Liquors. 
 
 "V. That the Legislative Prohibition ofthe Liquor Traffic 
 is perfectly compatible with national liberty, and with the 
 claims of justice and legitimate commerce. 
 
 " VI. That rising above sectarian and party considera- 
 tions, all good citizens should combine to procure an en- 
 actment prohibiting the manufacture and sale of intoxi- 
 cating beverages, as affi)rding most efficient aid in removing 
 the appalling evil of Intemperance." 
 
 Government has legalized the traffic in strong drink, 
 which it ought not to have done, as it is the cause of three- 
 fourths of all the crime that floods the land, and for which 
 all Prohibitory statutes are professedly in force. Crime, 
 disease, poverty and death are the direct results of this 
 traffic. Let us refer to Scotland for an example. The 
 Edinburgh Review for April, 1838, states that in Scot- 
 land the use of liquors has trebled during the past 
 fifteen years (that is, up to 1838). In Glasgow there 
 is one spirit shop for every ten dwelling-houses, and 
 while the increase in the property had only been sixty- 
 six per centum, the conb-.^nption of spirituous liquors 
 had increased five hundred per centum ; fever, sixteen 
 hundred per centum ; crimes, four hundred per centum ; 
 deaths, three hundred per cent.; and the chances of human 
 life had diminished forty-four per cent. And yet the 
 Government t have licensed men to sell this drink ! And 
 what a,re they licensed to do ? They are — 
 
 " Licensed to make the strong man weak, 
 Licensed to lay the good man low, 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 25 
 
 Licensed the wife's fond heart to break, 
 And cause her children's tears to flow. 
 
 '* Licensed, where peace and comfort dwell, 
 To bring disease and want and woe ; 
 Licensed to make this earth a hell, 
 And fit men for a hell below." 
 
 The tavern-keeper is — 
 
 Licensed "to inveigle and kill, to rob and enslave, to 
 ruin and destroy, without any respect to sex or age, to 
 rank or condition. Too well it does its nefarious work, as 
 is shown by the ghastly annals of our jails and gallows, 
 our poor-houses and mad-houses, our hospitals and ceme- 
 teries, our penitentiaries and reformatories, our brothels 
 and other dens of vice, not to mention the countless vic- 
 tims whose sad career, though not exposed to public view, 
 bring unutterable lamentation and woe and sorrow to the 
 domestic hearth." 
 
 A revenue is for the purpose of maintaining good govern- 
 ment, but this traffic is weakening and ruining our country ; 
 it would therefore be much wiser to seek to prevent crime 
 than to punish that which law sanctions ; but, unfortu- 
 nately, the Government has been more anxious to punish 
 than to prevent crime. 
 
 Too long have we been punishing the drunkard; instead 
 of imposing on him a fine, or confining him, the day has 
 arrived when the drunkard-maker should be stopped in 
 his work of death. 
 
 I believe in Prohibition — total Prohibition. Nothing 
 less will do. But I have been told that Prohibition is a 
 new thing. Once an M.P. remarked to me, " If you 
 
26 
 
 PBOHIBITION. 
 
 would confine yourself to moral suasion I would join 
 you, but Prohibition is a new thing." I replied, " I beg 
 to diflfer with you, sir ; I hold that Prohibition is as old as 
 man." " Prove it," he said. " Have you a Bible ?" I 
 asked. One having been procured, I called his attention 
 to thp ?nd chapter of Genesis, 16th and 17th verses. 
 Again, ',aming over to the 20th chapter of Exodus, I 
 pointed to the ten commandments and said, " You will 
 find that nine of these are prohibitory in their nature." 
 And '" ' t^im from the book of God to our statute 
 book, yoi; '^ ' ^tnd that the Government of our country 
 has recognizeJ ai d i.cted upon the principle of Prohibi- 
 tion W7i> : ef'^ren the liquor traffic up to this hour 
 with this disoinct. ■•^, > .h legalized exceptions. Why, I 
 ask, is there a monopoly of the liquor traffic ? Why al- 
 low one man to sell, and prohibit another from selling ? 
 
 If the thing be right, why not be logical. and go on 
 that principle ? The law says it is wrong for you to sell 
 unless under certain conditions ; but subject to those con- 
 ditions, and for so much money, we will permit you to do 
 this wrong. God says, " Thou shalt not kill." Law 
 says, for so much money you may kiU : not with sword, 
 spear, pistol, dagger ; no ! but with intoxicating drinks : 
 that is, provided you have the necessary accommodation, 
 and are of good moral character. Now, if you may do 
 one thing that is palpably wrong for a consideration, 
 why not another ? Don't hold up one sin by the sanction 
 of the law, and bear the sword of justice against every 
 other. 
 
 If the reform we propose is a sound and safe reform, 
 
PKOHIBITION. 
 
 27 
 
 you will find it to correspond and to work well with all 
 that is progressive and true in other reforms. If the 
 principle of Prohibition, as applied to public evils and 
 nuisances, be a sound principle of political science — which 
 all precedent and practice afiirm it to be — there is no solid 
 reason why it should not be applied to this greatest evil 
 and nuisance of our time— the Liquor Traffic. And its 
 application in that way would assuredly not be in con- 
 flict with any other principle of true political science, but 
 would most certainly result in the development of higher 
 progress, and the increase of social comfort and real lib- 
 erty for the masses of the people. 
 
 This traffic cannot properly be called a trade. A trade 
 benefits both sides, and a transaction left a blessing on its 
 track, but this traffic leaves nothing but ruin and misery. 
 
 For five hundred years Government has been legislat- 
 ing with a view to regulating this traffic, and still intem- 
 perance deluges the land. They have been regulating as 
 to the character of the men who shall engage in this busi- 
 ness, the rental of the premises where drink is to be sold, 
 and the number of letters to be painted on the sign-board; 
 but they have overlooked the very thing itself — that is, 
 the drink. Strictly speaking, it is the drink that does 
 the mischief ; it is the drink that does the harm ; the 
 drink is the only agent ; intemperance is a mere abstrac- 
 tion. It is a result, not the cause ; it is the drink that 
 produces it. It is not the rent paid for the premises 
 where it is sold that does the harm — it is the drink. It 
 may be sold in premises of one hundred pounds per an- 
 num rental, or so many dollars ; under the sign of the 
 
28 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 " Queen's Hotel" or the " Monkey Shaving the Goat ;" it 
 may be sold by a professedly Christian man or an infidel, 
 by a Jew or a Turk, by a white nian or a coloured gen- 
 tleman ; but it matters not where it is sold, by whom it 
 is sold, nor at what price it is sold. It is the drink that 
 does the harm. 
 
 The license system has been tried and has failed ; with 
 all the restrictions which ha\e been placed upon the traf- 
 fic, drunkenness is rife. 
 
 This drink traffic is an injury to us personally. 
 
 Take a practical experiment. Let a drinker propose to 
 insure his life ; let him set down, opposite to habits, this 
 answer : " Takes wine and spirits freely," and either his 
 proposal is declined, or an extra premium is demanded. 
 
 Some Insurance Companies have two branches — one 
 solely for abstainers, the other for ordinary business — 
 and the result is nineteen per cent, in favour of the 
 former. ,| 
 
 It is amazing the amount of money that some men spend 
 upon intoxicating liquors. They seem to have forgotten 
 the maxim, " Take care of the pence and the pounds will 
 take care of themselves ;" and if the sum total, with in- 
 terest added, was summed up, which some men spend 
 upon these drinks, they would be as much surprised as a 
 country squire was with the figures of a horse-dealer. 
 The squire was very fond of a good horse, and this horse- 
 dealer had a very fine animal which he took to the 
 squire. " What do you want for him ? " asked the squire. 
 " Three hundred pounds," replied the horse-dealer. " Do 
 you think I'm a fool ? " said the squire ; " I like a good 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 29 
 
 horse as well as any man, but I ain't a-going to pay two 
 prices for him." " Well, I see you like the horse," re- 
 turned the dealer, " and suppose you buy the nails in his 
 shoes ; now, will you consent to give me one farthing 
 for the first, one halfpenny for the second, one penny for 
 the third, twopence for the fourth, and so on, doubling 
 the sum every time for every nail — there are thirty -two 
 nails in all ? " " Done ! " said the squire. So the horse- 
 dealer took out his pencil and added up the figures and 
 showed them to the squire. " What ! two million two 
 hundred and thirty-six thousand nine hundred and sixty- 
 two pounds two shillings and eightpence ! Nonsense ! " 
 " Well, add them up yourself, and I guess you'll find them 
 quite correct ;" and so he did, and was glad to give the 
 price first asked to settle the affair. So with some peo- 
 ple who drink. If the sums thus spent were added up, 
 with interest, it would mightily astonish them — the 
 amount they put into the tavem-keeppr's till, while they 
 thus empty their own. 
 
 I know one who, some years ago, owned 1,200 acres of 
 excellent land, but who, by drinking at a tavern adjoin- 
 ing his residence, acquired intemperate habits, whereby 
 he has lost all his property, and now he does not own a 
 foot of soil in Ontario ; his wife and children, who a few 
 years ago moved in the first society, have been scattered 
 to the four winds of heaven. 
 
 K you will accompany me up Yonge Street, I will 
 
 point you to farm after farm— some of the best on Yonge 
 
 Street — which have changed hands not only once but 
 
 I even twice, and some of them have been actually lost 
 
I 
 
 30 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 three times through drink, until it has become a proverb 
 that a man has swallowed so many hundred acres of 
 land. 
 
 A farmer once asked a doctor to look down his throat. 
 "I can see nothing the matter," replied the doctor. 
 " Why, that's strange," replied the farmer ; " for I have 
 swallowed three farms, and I'm dry still." 
 
 It is an injury to us commercially. 
 
 The principle of political economy, which lies at the 
 root of commercial prosperity, is the employment of the 
 industry and capital of the country in that which pro- 
 duces wealth and prosperity in the community. 
 
 Hundreds of thousands of dollars are amiually wasted 
 upon drink, which would, only for the drinking customs 
 of society, go into legitimate trade and enrich the nation ; 
 besides, thousands of persons are so reduced by their in- 
 temperate habits, that they are incapable of paying their 
 just debts, and merchants and others suffer immensely in 
 this way. 
 
 Four years ago last winter, passing along through one 
 of our villages in company with a merchant, we met a 
 farmer. The merchant asked him for payment of a cer- 
 tain account which had been a long time due, to which he 
 replied that the times were hard and the crops had 
 ^been light, and he did not feel able to discharge the debt 
 just then, but would do so as soon as possible. Themer- 
 chant pointed to a tavern, and said, " Do you see that 
 tavern ? " "I do," was the indignant reply, as he mut- 
 tered, " What about that V " Well," said the merchant, 
 *' If you had put past, towards paying my account, the 
 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 31 
 
 proverb 
 [ acres of 
 
 is throat. 
 e doctor. 
 )r I have 
 
 ies at the 
 mt of the 
 hich pro- 
 
 ly wasted 
 g customs 
 he nation ; 
 their in- 
 ying their 
 
 ough one 
 we met a 
 of a cer- 
 which he 
 rops had 
 the debt 
 Themer- 
 see that 
 he mut- 
 erchant, 
 lunt, the 
 
 
 M 
 
 money which you have foolishly expended for liquor in 
 that house, ray account would have been settled long 
 ago." " Oh," said the farmer, " it is not all the money I 
 spend for drink that does it; it is the hard times and the 
 bad crops ; but don't be uneasy — ^you'll be paid, and that 
 sooner than you think." A few hours later, on my way 
 to my appointment, I observed a man very much intoxi- 
 cated, seated upon a home-made jumper, with reins in 
 one hand and whip in the other, as he tugged away, mut- 
 tering rather indistinctly, " Get up ! get up, I say ! " He 
 had, however, neglected to hitch the traces to the sleigh, 
 and, dropping the reins, the horse walked off, leaving the 
 poor inebriate sitting, yet all the while he fancied he was 
 guiding and whipping the animal, which was rods ahead 
 of him. The onlookers were doffing their caps and making 
 great sport at the stupidity of the drunken man. Now, 
 that was the same person who said in mj'^ hearing, hours 
 before, that it was not what he expended for liquor that 
 prevented him from paying his debts, but it was the bad 
 crops, &c. But here is the secret : It goes out in little 
 dribs — a quarter now and a quarter again, or it may be 
 from one to five dollars of a night — and they do not ob- 
 serve it; but if they were to sit down and add up the 
 amount of money that they have foolishly wasted upon 
 drink, many of them would find that they had squan- 
 dered fortunes. I know several persons in the decline of 
 life who are obliged to toil and labour under a burning 
 sun to earn a scanty subsistence, who expended as much 
 j money in the drinking usages as would have kept them 
 comfortable in their old age. 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 32 
 
 III 
 
 All political science teaches this one great truth, that 
 the true way to enrich a nation and to benefit a peojjle 
 is by the employment of the capital and industry of the 
 people in such a way as to promote the health, wealth 
 and happiness of the inhabitants ; but such is not th -^ 
 case with reference to the drink traffic. 
 
 I find that, just in proportion as the tavern-keeper 
 gets rich and increases in wealth, those poor unfortunate 
 victims who frequent his bar become impoverished and 
 reduced. Now, this is not the case with the miller who 
 grists your wheat, or the blacksmith that shoes your 
 horse. It has been estimated that for every pound that 
 is expended upon liquors, only from 9d. to Is. 3d. re- 
 turns back into the pockets of the working men ; where- 
 as every pound that is expended upon dry goods, boot 
 and shoes, etc., causes from 6s. to 12s. to return into t] 
 pockets of the working classes. 
 
 It is certain that the money invested in the manufac- 
 ture of liquor is not so reproductive as is money invested 
 in legitimate trade. For instance, sixty millions sterling 
 of capital invested in the manufacture of cotton will give 
 employment to over 400,000 men, whereas the same 
 amount invested in the manufacture of liquor will only 
 employ 60,000 ; so, by the investment of sixty million 
 pounds sterling in the manufacture of liquor, instead of in 
 the cotton trade, there is a direct loss to the labour mar- 
 ket and the working population of 340,000, at, say, one 
 pound sterling per week the whole year round. 
 
 The man who spends twenty shillings on liquor gives 
 less than one shilling to the working man ; but if he had 
 
 I 
 
82 
 
 truth, that 
 it a people 
 stry of the 
 ith, wealth 
 I is not th-" 
 
 vern-keeper 
 infortunate 
 rished and 
 miller who 
 shoes your 
 pound that 
 Is. 3d. re- 
 len; where- 
 roods, boot' 
 rn into t] 
 
 le manufac- 
 sy invested 
 ons sterling 
 3n will give 
 3 the same 
 »r will only 
 sty million 
 Qstead of in 
 labour mar- 
 at, say, one 
 [. 
 
 iquor gives 
 t if he had 
 
 PROHIBinON 
 
 33 
 
 ■pen#.hi8 twenty shillings on usefnl nrTTT " 
 
 have put from six shillLs to ^f ^r!^''' ^^ ^^"^^ 
 pocket of the labourer T th' ''''"«^ "^ *^« 
 
 liquor was expended on oth r arTiT'^^.r" ^'^ ^'^^ 
 increase the demand for jZi:^'^ .^'^ ^-% 
 advance materially the wa.es of Th ^ "'' '^ ^"^^^ 
 
 OneofthelaU^:!^;^^^^^^^^ 
 Richmond Hill, said to ^JJ % ?f ^'^^'^"^«> «ear 
 if I lived in or .__! r """^ "^"^ ^^mneas 
 
 taverns; I must havesober men that T'^ ^T'^ ^'""^ 
 give up business." ^^* ^ '^'^ ^^^^ ^Pon, or 
 
 "The Low Moor Iron Com nan v » a 
 -und every morning f„, the pTjfe of , T"'""'"''™ 
 "■en; they thu. escape bein. deeo"d if t """^ "'^'^ 
 P'nn sueeeed3,»ore o.niCa'Zr ^^r ''''' 
 
 No trade will be injured bv Pr„l -v 
 traffic, while ever, leiU^e'blt ";.'"" '"^ "^^ "<>"" 
 by the change, for it i. indisputab th 'ZT f'^^'" 
 thnve. auhe expense of every othertt ^ "' '"*" . 
 ! Proh,b,tion will elevate the race „nT ,- 
 condition of suffering humanity. '^'"ehorate the 
 
 It is an injury to us nationallv " P.i.t , 
 to the State what domestic econ my ^ T.' T""'^ 
 Temperance will add tr. „ ^ *" *'^^ family." 
 
 kity. The li,uor traffic- ?""^''"'^'"^ "^^ P-- 
 ^>anufacturer a^ appli d to le f'" '°"^- '^'>« '-» 
 -:the manufacture ;l ^^ ""^^^ '^ ""-o- 
 >akes them more valuabltl /,J"^ "'^"'"^ ^'''-^ ''"d 
 K-Heta.es thettus'^JX^ST ^ ''' -' 
 
34 
 
 PBOHIBITION. 
 
 verts it into a uurse, and sends the poisonous ^quor 
 streaming through the veins of the social system sowing 
 the seeds of pauperism, disease, crime and death through- 
 out the length and breadth of the land. It is high time 
 that political economists would look into this matter, for 
 Temperance will certainly add to our national wealth and 
 prosperity. Canada is not the richer for its criminals 
 and paupers, though they give employment to a few 
 turnkeys and officials ; neither is it wealthier for main- 
 taining in affluence and ease those men who are engaged 
 in dealing out that which is producing three-fourths of 
 all the vice and crime that afflicts our country. AVe are 
 informed that no less than fifteen hundred persons died 
 in Canada through intemperance in one year, and no 
 doubt as the country is settling up the deaths annually 
 far exceed that number. Well did Sir John Carr say 
 that the argument in defence of the Government permit- 
 ting the use of alcoholic stimulants for the sake of in- 
 creasing the revenue, was as if the Legislature were to im- 
 pose a tax upon, coffins, and then inoculate its subjects 
 with the i)la.^e. It would be a happy day for Gieat Bri- 
 tain and our beloved Canada if Her Most Gracious Majesty 
 Queen Victoria would say as did the .sovereign of the Chi- 
 nese people. He was waited upon by one of his ministers, 
 who told him that if he would legalize the trade in opium 
 he would avert all danger of a war with Great Britain, 
 besides he would greatly increase his revenue ; to which 
 he replied nobly, " I will never consent to raise my reve- 
 nue on the ruins and vices of my people." noble, heroic 
 and glorious reply ! Would to God that our beloved 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 85 
 
 Queen would also say so in reference to the traffic in 
 strong drink ! 
 
 It has been proved that one-sixth of the effective 
 strength of the navy, and a much greater proportion of 
 the army, is as much destroyed by that most powerful 
 ally of death, intoxicating drinks, as if the men were slain 
 in battle. 
 
 During the British and American war, a British cruiser 
 took an American ship, and was returning to England 
 with the prize, but thft Americans drugged the rum which 
 the British sailors drank, and they became incapable. The 
 Yankee captain then went to the British officer and asked 
 him to surrender. " No ! " was the indignant reply. As the 
 British captain drew his sword, the American took his 
 revolver, told him that there was no use in resisting — that 
 his men were all unconscious. The British officer called his 
 men, but they were disabled by drink, and he lost his own 
 [life in the encounter. The American captain took com- 
 |mand of both ships, turned them round, and returned to 
 LHierica. Would a crew of Teetotalers have acted thus ? 
 
 verily. 
 
 What is the tendency of this traffic in the eyes of one 
 )f England's greatest statesmen ? Lord Palmerston, when 
 iddressing the " Labourers' Encouragement Society," 
 ramed them " to shun the beer-shop and the public- 
 louse," adding, " They ruin the health, lead to all kinds 
 bf disease, degradation, poverty and crime, and tend to 
 Pace man in the condition of a convict and a felon." 
 '^he noblest product of a Christian nation is its men. 
 Whatever improves or elevates men, increases the power 
 
36 • 
 
 FROHrBITTON. 
 
 of the nation. Whatever weakens or debases men, casts 
 down the commonwealth. 
 
 The preservation and cultivation of the mind is the 
 first grand duty of the Legislature, and it is their business 
 . to protect as far as possible the lives and property of all. 
 
 One has said, " But you are going too fast with your 
 Prohibition." The same was said when Lady Mary 
 Montague, in the face of an adverse public opinion, 
 would have her children vaccinated. She had to bear 
 considerable ignominy : she was Reached against, and 
 even hooted at in the streets by the unthinking rabble, 
 while some learned divines denounced her course as " an 
 impious interference with the behests of an all-wise Pro- 
 vidence." Yet what does an enlightened public say now? 
 Lady Mary Montague was only a little ahead of the times, 
 — that was all. It is no uncommon thing for those who 
 strike out a new course to be subjected to opposition and 
 even persecution. 
 
 Luther went too fast in the estimation of some, and 
 yet the glorious Reformation followed ; and had not our 
 blessed Saviour gone faster than our ideas, the world 
 would not have been redeemed. Instead of us going too 
 fast, our objectors are going too slowly. I hold that 
 Prohibition is one of the pivot-points upon which the 
 welfare of this vast Dominion depends to a very great 
 extent. 
 
 When John P. Roblin, Esq., late M. P. P., proposed to 
 prevent liquor from being sold on the show grounds at 
 the Provincial Fair, there was only one man that would 
 support his motion, and he was much abused by at least 
 
PKOHIBinON. 
 
 87 
 
 one hon. gentleman for taking such action ; and yet 
 what is the fact ? — why, that which Mr. Roblin fought 
 for has now become the law of the land, and he has lived 
 to see it come to pass. 
 
 According to the present state of things, if I steal from 
 or murder my neighbour, the law will punish me ; but if 
 I, under the ban of the law, sell that which will cause my 
 neighbour to steal or to kill and murder, I escape. Are 
 we to have law to punish crime, and no law for that 
 which originates crime ? Shall we seize upon the man 
 possessed of a demon, or seize upon the demon before it 
 enters into a man ? 
 
 The distiller makes it by law. 
 
 The tavern-keeper sells it by law. 
 
 A man buys it by law, 
 
 And drinks it by law. 
 
 He then goes home and murders his wife. 
 
 The constable arrests him by law. 
 
 He is tried by law, 
 
 And he is hanged by law. 
 
 And who is to blame for all this ? 
 
 Not the constable for arresting, 
 
 Nor the judge for condemning. 
 
 But the people for sanctioning so infernal a system. It 
 Ks terrible that a man is licensed to sell for a "Yorker" to 
 |his fellow that which will rob him of his reason, and send 
 lim out of his tavern to stab his wife, butcher his chil- 
 ren, and set fire to his neighbour's house, and yet the 
 feller of spirituous liquors gets off free. 
 
 It baa been raised as an objection that Prohibition ia 
 

 ■! ! 
 
 Ml 
 
 Jill 
 
 38 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 anti-British, — that it is unconstitutional. Now, those 
 persons who say that it is unconstitutional to prohibit 
 forget that the mass of the people at present aie pro- 
 hibited from selling; only a few (comparatively) have 
 licenses and dare sell ; and yet they rave about it being 
 anti-British to prohibit. 
 
 According to the fundamental principles of the British 
 Constitution, the people by majority appoint their repre- 
 sentatives, and they by their major representative power 
 make the laws. Hence all power is vested in the hands 
 of the majority, and Prohibition cannot become the law 
 of the land without the consent of the majority. 
 
 " But you deny us the right of Free Trade with your 
 Prohibition." I think, before any one can claim the right 
 of " Free Trade," he must not only be anxious to embark 
 in a business, and convinced that it is an easy way of 
 making money, but the people have a right to enquire, 
 " Is the traffic in which this man is anxious to embark 
 injurious to society or no?" John Stuart Mill, one of the 
 most profound thinkers of the present age and a great 
 writer on Political Economy, has said that "any trade 
 that tends to 'produce pauperism and crime is an evil 
 against society, and society has a perfect right to deal 
 with it." Every member of society should be employed 
 in some useful calling, not in dealing out death and 
 damnation, for 
 
 " Wherever has flowed the crimson flood, 
 It if swollen with tears — it is stained with blo«d." 
 
 All civilization depends on the concession of individual 
 rights, but all civilization will be careful not to abridge 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 39 
 
 w, those 
 
 prohibit 
 
 ave pro- 
 }ly) have 
 t it being 
 
 le British 
 leir repre- 
 ive power 
 the hands 
 le the law 
 
 with your 
 n the right 
 to embark 
 isy way of 
 ito enquire, 
 to embark 
 L one of the 
 |nd a great 
 "any trade 
 is an evU 
 [ht to deal 
 employed 
 death and 
 
 individual 
 to abridge 
 
 any individual ri^t unless imperatively demanded by 
 the public good. 
 
 To maintain freedom, all that fires the passions and 
 robs men of self-control must, like other incendiaries and 
 robbers, be coerced, that all innocent trades may enjoy' 
 their freedom. This, which is not innocent — which inflicts 
 a wound on every other — which destroys health and reason, 
 and all that gives security to trade, must no longer be 
 permitted a licence for spoliation. 
 
 The basis, the foundation of all freedom is virtue and 
 morality ; and what is so injurious to these as the Liquor 
 Traffic ? • 
 
 PROHIBITION IS AN INFRINGEMENT OF OUR LIBERTY. 
 
 Upon no ear doth the music of this word sound more 
 sweetly than on ours; but the liberty we Jove is not lib- 
 erty to do what we like, but liberty to do what is right. 
 That is not worthy of the name of liberty which enslaves 
 and enthrals mankind. 
 
 At thy souud, sweet liberty, the slave leaps from his 
 manacles and breathes the salubrious air of freedom. 
 
 For thee, O liberty, our fathers have fought and our 
 ancestors have bled, and even now, to maintain thy sa- 
 cred sway, a crimson Potomac flows. 
 
 For liberty the prisoner pants and sighs and writhes 
 and groans, and at thy presence his chains become a rope 
 of sand. 
 
 Liberty brings up the prisoner from the cold, damp, 
 dark cell, to behold and enjoy the glorious light of day. 
 
i 
 
 > 1 
 
 ii 
 
 
 1 =ii 
 
 40 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 Liberty ! — with thee this earth is a Paradise, but with- 
 out thee it is a very Hell. 
 
 0, ye winds, carry the glorious sound of liberty o'er 
 hill and dale, o'er land and sea, till every man can sing, 
 " I'm free." 
 
 0, ye lightnings of heaven, fly and let your message 
 be of liberty. 
 
 0, ye thunders, with your dreadful organ pipes, pro- 
 claim in every ear the heaven-torn sound of liberty, in 
 its highest, truest, holiest sense, till man, freed from the 
 awful slavery of intemperance and every form of vice, 
 shall bask in the unsullied sunshine of Divine favour, 
 and delight himself in the perfect law of liberty ; for 
 " whom the Son makes free, he is free indeed." 
 
 The British Parliament passed an Act placing the sale 
 of arsenic under very stringent regulations, and it has 
 been followed by the best results ; and if the sale of ar- 
 senic is thus forbidden, which only killed a few annually, 
 should intoxicating liquors be tolerated, which are killing 
 thousands annually ? 
 
 Gambling houses have been closed, lest our sons should 
 get ruined ; yet taverns are licensed, where the youth of 
 our land are corrupted. 
 
 Meat diseased is seized upon. Why ? Because it is in- 
 jurious and unhealthful. And what is the tendency and 
 often the results of the liquor business ? It is to promote 
 and spread misery. 
 
 i ( 
 
 TALK ABOUT DRINK GIVING LIBERTY. 
 
 " Wh»n I began to drink," said a reformed dninkaffd, 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 41 
 
 " I had liberty. Yes. my elbows had liberty to go out of the 
 sleeves of my coat, my toes had liberty to look out of the 
 windows of my boots, I had liberty to run my fingers 
 through my hair without taking oft' my hat, and as I 
 passed along the crown of my hat went flipperty-flap, as 
 the wind whistled, * How do you do, sir ?' " 
 
 Others argue that they may do as the}"^ like with their 
 own. Well, you may do as you like with your own, if you 
 do right ; but no man should have a private right to do a 
 public wrong. 
 
 There is a law preventing parties from keeping on their 
 premises more than a limited quantity of gunpowder; and 
 why ? Because it is dangerous, and to guard against an 
 explosion ; and yet, although intoxicating drinks are dan- 
 gerous, and exposes people to accidents, death, &c., still 
 tavern-keepers may keep and sell as much as they please. 
 Paul's view of the law was, that it was " a terror to evil- 
 doers and a praise to them that do well ;" but the licensed 
 liquor system inverts this maxim, and makes it a temp- 
 tation to evil-doing and a burthen to them that do well. 
 
 There was a time when the African Slave Trade was a 
 lawful one — now it is severely punishable; and methinks 
 the day is dawning when the traffic in alcoholic stimu- 
 lants too will be pronounced illegal and will be severely 
 punishable. At present it requires strict magisterial 
 regulations to keep it in anything like check, and in 
 this it differs from every other department of business. 
 What would you think of a law forbidding you to sell 
 flour or pork to Indians on any terms, or the same articles 
 to white men without a licence ? And yet the law pro- 
 
Tl 
 
 42 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 (« I 
 
 hibits the sale of liquors to Indians, while it sanctions 
 the sale of the same article to white men; and while there 
 is no law to prevent you selling these necessary articles 
 to white men, you require a licence to sell them spirits — 
 so tha^ the very law acknowledges that it is a dangerous 
 traffic. 
 
 It is intended to establish an Inebriate Asylum for the 
 care and cure of habitual drunkards. Mr. Langmuir in 
 his report says, " When the State is benefited by the 
 receipt of money from the use of intoxicating liquors, it 
 ought to try its best to counteract the effects of the abuse 
 of these drinks." 
 
 It is highly commendable to erect asylums for those 
 unfortunate inebriates who have lost all self-control, but 
 why not go a step further and remove the cause ? 
 
 If there was a broken bridge in your neighbourhood, 
 through which persons were constantly falling, would it 
 be considered sufficient to build an hospital, and keep it 
 furnished with nurses and doctors, where the wounded 
 might be cared for ? Nay, the bridge would have to be 
 repaired to prevent future accidents. Then why not ap- 
 ply the same remedy to the injury caused by drink ? 
 
 For generations it has been tried to regulate the traffic 
 by legislation, but all past legislation goes to prove that 
 such cannot be done. Still, although the drink traffic is 
 so mischievous in its tendencies that it cannot be regu- 
 lated by legislation, it has been demonstrated that it can 
 be stopped. 
 
 Our battle-cry is Total Abstinence for tiie individual, 
 and Prohibition for the State. 
 
' PROHIBITION. 
 
 48 
 
 Now, what has been the results of Prohibition where it 
 has been tried ? 
 
 Mr. James Gray, Chairman of the Edinburgh Parochial 
 Board, said at a meeting of the Town Council, October 
 23, 1849 : — " There are thirty-four parishes in Scotland 
 without a public-house, and the effect upon the parishion- 
 ers is, that they have not a penny of poor rate in one of 
 them. Before I came to Edinburgh I lived eight year8 in 
 a paHsh where there was no puhlic-hoiise, and during all 
 that period J never saw a 'person the worse for drink. There 
 were no poor rates in the parish then ; hut now there are 
 five public-houses, and a poor rate of Is. 8d in the f,ound. 
 In a foot-note the following significant statement occurs : 
 " It may not be out of place to state here, for the edifica- 
 tion of our ratepayers, that in the two neighbouring par- 
 ishes — viz., Mertoun on the one hand, and Leagerwood 
 on the other — not a pmny of poor rate is required; and 
 why ? The reasn is quite obvious — not a whisky shop is 
 in either parish ; while Earlston, with eight such houses, 
 has in round numbers X4o0 to pay annually in sup- 
 porting a class, three-fourths of whom have been directly 
 or indirectly pauperized though the liquor trafUc." 
 
 Squire Tener, County Tyrone, says there are forty-seven 
 and a half square miles, or thirty thousand four hundred 
 statute acres, with a population of nine thousand five 
 hundred souls, without a single public-house or policeman 
 or any crime whatever. Besides, the rates here were for- 
 merly one shilling and fourpence in the pound, now they 
 are reduced to sixpence in the pound. 
 
 On February 18th, 1869, I visited Garden Island, con- 
 
T1' 
 
 44 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 ii > 
 
 taining eighty acres — it is two miles distant from, and op- 
 posite to, Kingston — the property of D. D. Calvin, Esq., 
 M. P. P. Shipbuilding is carried on in this place ; it con- 
 tains seven hundred inhabitants. A Prohibitory Law has 
 been in force for 34 years, and there is not a drunkard 
 on the island ; besides, the people are all comfortable, 
 which demonstrates that temperance and prosperity go 
 together. Drunkenness and misery are inseparable. Mr. 
 Calvin occupied the chair, and made a powerful speech on 
 the Temperance cause ; he stated that four-fifths of all 
 the inhabitants had grown up under his care, and not one 
 of all the hundreds raised upon the island had turned out 
 a drunkard. " Temperance has been a mutual benefit ; you 
 have prospered, and I have succeeded. I can trust you, I 
 can send you wherever required, and you do your duty 
 like men. 
 
 . "When the bell rings on Monday morning, you are 
 always at hand, ready to play your part. Can the em- 
 ployers of Kingston say so ? No ; they cannot. 
 
 " Here you are all well dressed, and some of you have 
 saved by honest industry over two thousand dollars. 
 
 " Here are some reformed drunkards, men who can live 
 nowheriB else but here, and your families have everything 
 they require, and are happy here ; and why ? Because the 
 demon Drink is not allowed upon Garden Island. Thirty- 
 four years ago I put my foot upon it, and have kept my 
 foot upon it. I would not take ten thou.sand dollars for 
 half an acre of land on this island; and why ? Lest a grog- 
 shop should be started to injure my business and curse 
 
 I 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 45 
 
 my poople." At the close of the meeting seventy-five per- 
 sons signed the pledge, some from Kingston. 
 
 Oft returning to Kingston, which is just opposite, what 
 a contrast met my gaze ! 
 
 First, the Penitentiary, with eight hundred souls, some 
 of them fine- looking men, sitting down to dinner guarded 
 by soldiers with fixed bayonets. 
 
 Second, three Lunatic Asylums, six-sevenths of the 
 inmates of which were brought there through drink. 
 
 Third, the Orphans' Home, the matron of which said 
 that nearly all were brought there through the same seduc- 
 tive influence. 
 
 Fourth, the Distillery — the great feeder of the insti- 
 tutions first named, and the chief cause of thd vice and 
 crime which abound in our land. 
 
 The results of Prohibition are shown in the following 
 letter, which was written during my engagement with the 
 United Canadian Alliance : — " I have j ust visited the teeto- 
 tal village of Bridge water, the property of the Hon.B. Flint, 
 one of the Vice-Presidents of our Society, where I have 
 been confirmed in my views as regards Prohibition. This 
 village has been in exi.stence for about seven years. It 
 contains 400 inhabitants, — not a rowdy amongst the 
 number. No liquor has been sold here since the place was 
 first started. It can boast of a white marble Wesleyan 
 church ; a hotel, the largest and most elegantly furnished 
 to be found between Toronto and Kingston; here you 
 will find in full operation a saw-mill, grist-mill, oatmeal- 
 mill, pearl-barley-mill, axe factory, hammer factory, edge- 
 tool factory, chair factory, foundry, tannery, six gold 
 
46 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 mines, crushing machine, store, &c., all without the aid of 
 whisky. And what of the people ? Why, they are, in 
 my humble opinion, the most happy, contented, prosperous 
 and pious that I have met with on this aide the Atlantic. 
 Let those who have doubts regarding Prohibition visit 
 Bridgewater : I can promise them a kind reception from 
 my warm friend Dr. Higginbotham, or Squire Harrison. 
 Happy Bridgewater! Would to God that every village, 
 town and city in Canada were, like thee, free from the 
 curse of a legalized Liquor Traffic. 
 
 " Talk about * Inebriate Asylums ;' here is one. When I 
 last lectured in Belleville, Dr. Rufus Holden, who presided 
 at my meeting, stated in his opening address that a short 
 time since a first-class mechanic asked him if he thought 
 he could find employment at Bridgewater ; that he had 
 been trying to reform his life, but the temptations were so 
 numerous about Belleville that it was impossible, and that 
 unless he was removed from those temptations he was a 
 ruined man. 
 
 "I shall henceforth designate the Hon. B. Flint the 
 distinguished Canadian philanthropist, and one of th.e 
 warmest friends of the Temperance cause to be found 
 upon the continent of America." 
 
 Certain depreciatory statements having been made in 
 the British House of Commons respecting the operatiiiu 
 of the Maine Law, called forth a repl}'^ from the Ho ''' 
 Dow, together with certificates from prominent pubh uen, 
 the whole of which appeared in the London " Times." 
 
 The following is the testimony of the Governor and 
 Elxecutive Council of the State : — 
 
PIIOHIBITION. 
 
 47 
 
 aid of 
 ire, in 
 perou8 
 Jantic. 
 a visit 
 1 from 
 irrison. 
 village, 
 'om the 
 
 When I 
 presided 
 , a short 
 thought 
 he had 
 were so 
 md that 
 le was a 
 
 int the 
 of tKe 
 found 
 
 e 
 
 lade in 
 lerat'on^ 
 
 Ih rten, 
 
 » 
 ies. 
 
 lor and 
 
 " To give a full and accurate account of the operations 
 of the Jlitine Law in Maine, and its effect upon the liquor 
 traffic, and upon poverty, pauperism, and crime, would 
 require much more time than we can devote to the subject, 
 and we therefore confine ourselves to a very brief state- 
 ment of the facts. 
 
 " At the time of the enactment of the Maine Law the 
 liquor traffic was carried on in Maine extensively and 
 openly, as it is now in States where the trade is licensed. 
 The effect of the law in diminishing the trade in intoxi- 
 cating drinks was immediate and very great. 
 
 "In many parts of Maine the liquor trade has absolutely 
 ceased to exist, liquor shops are unknown, and wherever 
 within the State the trade exists at all, it is carried on 
 secretly and with caution, as other unlawful things are 
 done. One effect of the law has been to render the liquor 
 trade disreputable, and no person who knew Maine as it 
 was before the Maine Law, and has been acquainted with 
 it down to the present time, can doubt that the effect of the 
 law has been most marked and salutary. Poverty, pauperism 
 and crime have been greatly diminished by it, because vastly 
 less money has been wasted in strong drink. 
 
 *' In some places and at some times the execution of the 
 ^ w has been fitful and capricious, yet, with these excep- 
 tions, the law has been as well enforced as our criminal 
 aws generally are. " 
 
 Another certificate, signed by three members of Congress 
 from Maine, Messrs. Hamlin, Morrill and Frye, has these 
 words :- 
 
 '' The mediate effect of the statute was to outlaw the 
 
!; .!i||i 
 
 ] L 
 
 ft 
 
 i 
 t 
 
 ; * 
 
 - 
 
 ]| 
 
 ■ll 
 
 f k 
 
 48 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 trade, declaring it to be inconsistent with the general wel- 
 fare, and reducing it to very small proportions. 
 
 " In many parts of the State it is now. nearly or quite 
 unknown. There are large districts of country where 
 liquor shops are unknown; and everywhere within our 
 border, and where the trade exists at all, it is carried on 
 I ^cretly and in a very small way. The favourable effects 
 of this change are great, and everywhere apparent to the 
 most casual observer who has any knowledge of the State 
 prior to the year 1851. We do not believe the people of 
 Maine, for any consideration, would again sanction the 
 policy of licence to drinking houses and tippling shops." 
 
 It must be remembered that a law does nothing. Black- 
 
 etone says the law is a rule, not an agent. Law is that 
 
 •which governs agents ; so when the Bill is carried your 
 
 work only commences, for a law does nothing good or bad. 
 
 The prospect of obtaining an entire Prohibitory Law 
 is cheering, and at no disl>ant date the people will be 
 called rjDoa to decide this matter for themselves. At 
 Ottawa, April 10th. 1873, the Speaker read a memorial 
 from the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, stating that that 
 body had received 3G9 petitions, signed by upwards of 
 28,000 persons, and petitions from thirty-nine municip&l 
 bodies, praying for legislation to prevent the manufacture 
 and sale of intoxicating liquors ; and that as the Legisla- 
 ture of Ontario liad no power to grant the prayers of such 
 petidons, the Parliament of the Dominion should take the 
 necessary steps to pass such a law as would prohibit the 
 manufacture and sale of alcoholic liquors as a beverage. 
 
 Let us seek to create a public sentiment in favour of 
 
PROHIBITION. 
 
 49 
 
 1 wel- 
 
 quite 
 
 where 
 
 lin our 
 
 ried on 
 
 ) effects 
 
 , to the 
 
 le State 
 
 eople of 
 
 tioii the 
 
 (hops." 
 
 • Black- 
 
 fff is that 
 
 ied your 
 
 Id or bad. 
 
 Lory Law 
 will be 
 es. At 
 lemorial 
 
 [that that 
 [wards of 
 iUnicip&'l 
 ufacture 
 Legisla- 
 of such 
 take the 
 tibit the 
 Iverage. 
 'avcur of 
 
 Prohibition — there is wonderful power in an enlightened 
 public opinion. 
 
 Daniel Webster has remarked, "The earthquake hath 
 power and the tornado hath power, but greater than 
 these is the power ^of public opinion ;" and if we are to 
 move and create a public opinion in favour of this enter- 
 prise, we must be united while we give no quarter to the 
 enemy. 
 
 We oppose with all our might the three great causes 
 of intemperance, namely : 
 
 Personal use. 
 
 Social example, 
 
 Legal temptation ; 
 and we implore you, because of the multitudes who have 
 by the personal use of these drinks been ruined, to ab- 
 stain. We entreat 3'^ou, in the name of myriads who by 
 social example have been led to indulge in the use of 
 those drinks that have blasted their hojjes in time and 
 paved for them a miserable eternity, to refrain from set- 
 ting a dangerous example ; and we I eseech you, in the 
 name of common justice, to try and obtain the passing of 
 a Prohibitory Law — to prevent the sale and remove the 
 temptations out of the way. 
 
 There are four great difficulties in carrying Prohibi- 
 tiou, namely : 
 
 Ignorance, 
 
 Custom, 
 
 Taste and 
 
 Self-interest, 
 
 but it is a fixed principle in the Divine government that 
 S 
 
50 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 all violations of moral duty can only be satisfactorily met 
 by the offender returning to the first point of divergence 
 from duty. Now, I look upon distillation as the reservoir, 
 so to speak, from whence flow those streams of vice and evil 
 which abound in our land on account of intemperance, 
 and if you would stop the evil, you must remove the 
 cause by preventing the importation, manufacture and 
 sale of spirituous liquors. 
 
 " Up, patriots, citizens, saints, 
 
 Strike a blow at Iniquity's throne ; 
 Strike for justice, for virtue, for God, 
 Strike often, strike hard and Lt;ike home." 
 
LECTUKE IL 
 
 DANGER. 
 
 THE DANOKR OP THE DRINKING USAGES. 
 
 DANGER! "What! with the United States ?" No; ten 
 thou.sand times, no. God forbid that two Christian 
 nations should imbrue their hands in each other's blood. 
 May that dark day never come, but rather let us live in 
 peace until the world shall be converted to God, and all 
 mankind shall speak one language. Danger ! " Are the 
 Fenians coming to invade our country ? " They had bet- 
 ter not. It is a dangerous thing to trample on the tail of 
 the •* Old Lion." *' Why then do you sound the alarm 
 and cry of danger V Ah ! there is danger — great danger ; 
 not from a foreign foe, but from an enemy, nevertheless, 
 more to be dreaded a thousandfold than American gun- 
 boats or Fenian bullets. 
 
 The foe we fear is drunkenness, and night and day 
 it is doing its work of devastation and death. This 
 formidable evil rests chiefly upon two pillars, namely, 
 traffic and custom, and these are supported by the people 
 and fostered by the State. Therefore we consider it to 
 be the duty of all philanthropists and Christians to en- 
 deavour aa far as possible to mitigate, at least, if they 
 
i< m ! 
 
 \ 
 
 Ml ^ 
 
 iliii 
 
 w 
 
 
 it; 1 
 
 ii-i 
 
 ti 
 
 ! 
 
 52 
 
 DANOER. 
 
 cannot altogether suppress, the evils of intemperance. It 
 is to be regretted that, on account of the prevalency of 
 this vice, many have become familiarized to its baneful 
 effects, and never make the slightest exertion to counter- 
 act the evil. 
 
 The author did not always consider that there was 
 danger connected with the drinking usages. Once he 
 thought it was both safe and fashionable to drink ; but 
 sad experience and careful observation have led hira to 
 change his views upon the subject, and now he would 
 sound the alarm, and that all the young men on this 
 vast continent might catch tlie sound and shun the se- 
 ductive wine-cup. Yoimg men, beware ! there is danger 
 connected with the use of spirituous liquors as common 
 beverages. The longer I live and the more I ctudy the 
 nature and effects of alcohol upon the human system, the 
 stronger are my impressions of the necessity of total ab- 
 stinence. 
 
 " But there are other things which are dangerous as 
 well as alcoholic stimulants, and is it right to give up 
 their use simply because there is danger connected with 
 them? It is dangerous to erect tall chimneys in our 
 manufacturing towns and cities ; and it is dangerous 
 for the sailor to plough the stormy ocean ; and would you 
 discontinue these because there is danger connected with 
 them ? " These are not paral* ^ cases. The one is neces- 
 sary, the other is not. We have the testimony of over 
 2,000 of the most distinguished physicians both in 
 Europe and America who have affixed their names to the 
 following : 
 
DARGEH. 
 
 5S 
 
 "We, the undersigned, are of opinion that the most 
 perfect health is compatible with total abstinence from 
 all such intoxicating beverages, whether in the form of 
 ardent spirits or as wine, beer, ale, porter, cider, &c." 
 And not only have we the testimony of these eminent med- 
 ical men, but we have thousands of other witnesses who can 
 cnmc forward and prove that as great an amount of phy- 
 sical labour and intellectual effort can be performed with- 
 out stimulants as with them. Total abstinence has been 
 tested in hot climates and in cold regions by travellers 
 and mariners — in the mine; in the harvest field and on the 
 battle field, and universal testimony is on the side of 
 temperance. 
 
 In addition to the foregoing testimony, the highest phy- 
 siological authority will bear me out in this, that intoxi- 
 cating drinks are positively injurious to persons in a nor- 
 mal state. 
 
 All men acknowledge intemperance to be an evil. The 
 tavern-keepers themselves admit this, and yet they con- 
 tinue in the traffic, while some who speak most harshly 
 of the inebriate, plead for and practise what they call the 
 moderate use of the drunkard's drink. I would not cry 
 down moderation, but I go for moderation in lawful 
 things. Who would advocate the moderate use of strych- 
 nine or prussic acid ? Now, alcohol is a poison ; if alco- 
 hol be not a poison then prussic acid is no poison. 
 
 Sir Astley Cooper has said, "I never suffer ardent spirits 
 in my house, knowing them to be evil spirits. If the 
 poor could see the white livers and shattered nervous 
 systems which I have seen as the consequences of drink- 
 
i* 
 
 ill 
 
 \ i 
 
 I 
 
 54 
 
 DAKOEIt 
 
 ing, they would be aware that spirits and poison mean 
 the same thing." Science stigmatizes alcohol as a poison, 
 and consigns it to its proper place upon the shelf of the 
 apothecary. The great danger of the liquor traffic, in 
 my opinion, lurks in this, that the tavern-keeper wields 
 his fatal power chiefly through the seductiveness of the 
 drink which he sells. It must not be forgotten that there 
 is something in the very nature of alcohol to create a 
 craving, a thirst, an appetite, a desire for more, such as is 
 not the case with water or food. When you feel thirsty 
 and take a glass of water your thirst is quenched, or 
 when hungry if you partake of a meal of victuals you are 
 satisfied, but on the other hand the more you indulge in 
 the intoxicating cup, the greater the appetite that is cre- 
 ated thereby, and thus men are led on, step by step, from 
 what is called moderate to immoderate drinking. 
 
 That the so called moderate use of spirituous liquors 
 tends to promote intemperate habits is abundantly proved, 
 and it is now an established fact that those sailors who 
 partake of grog allowance when at sea, thereby acquire 
 an appetite for liquor by which they are unconsciously 
 impelled to rush to greater excess when they come on 
 shore. 
 
 I assert that moderate drinking is the school where all 
 drunkards are trained. The greatest drunkard of your 
 acquaintance was once a moderate drinker. Little did 
 he think when he commenced to imbibe that in a few 
 years he would be a slave to this vile habit, but as he 
 continued to indulge in the intoxicating glass, the habit 
 was being formed ; the appetite was being acquired and 
 
DANOEH. 
 
 55 
 
 a mean 
 poison, 
 If of the 
 raflBc, in 
 r wields 
 s of the 
 I at there 
 create a 
 ich as is 
 1 thirsty 
 ched, or 
 \ you are 
 idulge in 
 at is cre- 
 iep, from 
 
 |s liquors 
 proved, 
 ors who 
 acquire 
 sciously 
 Icome on 
 
 rhere all 
 
 of your 
 
 Ittle did 
 
 In a few 
 
 it as he 
 
 le habit 
 
 )dand 
 
 the serpent drink had been coiling itself around him, and 
 at length the poor man found that at last " It biteth like 
 a serpent and stingeth like an adder/' just as 
 
 "A pebble in the streamlet scant, 
 Hath turned the course of many a river, 
 A dewdrop on the baby-plant, 
 Hath warped the giant oak for ever." 
 
 As drops of water form the ocean, as grains of sand com- 
 pose the shore, as one brick raised upon another rears the 
 colossal pile on which you gaze with wonder and astonish- 
 ment, so it is by little and by little that the thirst for 
 drink is formed. 
 
 I remember hearing Bevere Depuy speak upon the sub- 
 ject of Temperance, in New York State, in eighteen hun- 
 dred and forty-seven. He said : " Now here on my left is a 
 moderate drinker, and on my right a cold-water man, and 
 before me is the drunkard. Now, from which of these two 
 classes is the drunkard made ? Not from that of Total Ab- 
 stinence, for if a man never tastes he can never become a 
 drunkard ; hence you see it is from the ranks of the mo- 
 derate drinkers that drunkards are supplied. Moderate 
 drinking is the devil's railroad leading down a steep in- 
 cline to the depot of destruction, and so long as effect fol- 
 lows cause, so surely does moderate drinking lead to In- 
 temperance. this cursed moderate drinking — it is this 
 that binds those hands and fetters those feet. It is by 
 this that men who begin freemen are made slaves. It is 
 this that will make drunkards of what are now celled 
 moderate drinkers. There is an Arab proverb, ' Beware 
 of the camel's nose' : — 
 
i'i 
 
 56 
 
 DANGER. 
 
 \Once in a shop a workman wrought, 
 With languid hand and listless thought, 
 When, through an open window space, 
 Behold, a Camel thrust his face, 
 •* My nose is cold," he meekly said j* 
 " let me warm it by thy side." 
 
 \Since no denial word was said. 
 
 In came the nose, in came the head ; 
 
 As sure as sermon follows text, 
 
 The long excursive neck came next ; 
 
 And then, as falls the threatening storm, 
 
 In leaped the whole ungainly form. 
 
 ' Aghast the owner gazed around. 
 And on the rude invader frowned ; 
 Convinced as closer still he pressed 
 There was no room for such a guest. 
 Yet more astonished heard him say, 
 " If incommoded go thy way, 
 . For in this place I choose to stay." 
 
 ' youthful heart to gladness born, 
 Treat not the Arab lore with scorn ; 
 To evil habit's earliest wile 
 Lend neither ear, nor glance, nor smile ; 
 Check the dark fountain ere it flows. 
 Nor even admit the camel's no&e.' 
 
 A child may unchain a lion, but the strength of many 
 strong men may not bind him ; so a bad habit may be 
 easily formed, but how hard to break off such. What 
 seems to be a small affair will soon become fixed, and 
 hold upon you with the strength of a cable ; that cabfle is 
 formed by spinning and twisting one thread at a time, 
 but when once completed the proudest ship turns and 
 owni its power. 
 
THE FIRST TEMPTATION 
 
 H« wa. serving T;i„ time ! H '""'P*''^"'' ^'^ng drink. 
 
 City of Glasgow ; his e^^, 1 '; ~^ •>"-- « the 
 P- Church; would often StC^S "'' '" ^''"^^ '» ">« 
 fiee, adjoining the shon 1 '"'"='""'*» '" ^^^ of- 
 
 frequently held to tn'iertf ^'"^ "'■'^'^^ '"^'^y. 
 of certain accounts, & andt?"'?. "'""'* ^""^ P"^""" 
 -•^■•^ky toddy, heaw up "^tlToaT '' *'^ """"' °^ *"« 
 and he thought it s«e]t.lrJ"^'T ""'"'"' "«'«••. 
 ""bibed they became iorandt u "*'" *'^ "^'^''''''ts 
 l-^ thought "what w^Tu e ;: tr""'''PP^- «" 
 ^auce for the gander "and ! * «^'""' ^""^ be 
 
 that after sko' JZ\Z, ^^^^^''/"Ws companions 
 .Pectable publilhouse hi t^ j:"'" «» ^ -»e res- 
 boungmenbegin to learn tiV,,r """' ''^^Pectable 
 H" -'3' frequent fct^l^ H^f'""'"^^ ''*''-* ^bey 
 
 "PPerten.butdoesrendl ?'' ""' '""'' -''«> thi 
 W;«r business was T^ ^ J I"' f ^°"* *°^<^^ ^ - 
 
 l^herediutoa neat little r ol th!h n ""'■ ^' ^""^ 
 t'ful Scotch la^ entered r . ''""P^'Habeau- 
 " What will you C:?:.T1 ""^ ""■"-• -d asked 
 r -ith loaf sugar and hot rter'";?'"^ T'''^'^^' ^-' 
 bou do it up in the most scTl!v "P''"^' "'""^ ««« 
 ^''balaugh. Presently tL::f"'" "" "'^''^'^ 
 
 -----.own,soa:;-s-:rr--^^^^^ 
 
1 
 
 1 
 
 ! I 
 
 58 
 
 DANGER. 
 
 the treat, while I have never seen any act so in their 
 anxiety to subscribe to the Bible Society or any other 
 Christian object. Well, at first a table spoonful or so of the 
 toddy was pleasant, but more than that was disagreeable 
 and offensive, and often I have wished, when it came 
 to my turn to drink that I could have emptied my share 
 out. I drank because it was fashionable, and for the sake 
 of the company. I loved a good story and could sing a 
 good song; and though at first I drank for the sake of the 
 society, by continuing to sip I got to be so fond of it 
 that at last I drank the drink for the drink's sake. Young 
 men, there is danger. Drinking may begki with " a feast of 
 reason and a flow of soul," but of all the dangerous paths 
 that the foot of young man ever trod, that of moderate 
 drinking is the most dangerous. Pray be admonished, ad- 
 monished by one who, in the good providence of God, has 
 been plucked "as a brand from the burning." You need not 
 expect to ascend one single step in the ladder of fame or 
 usefulness by following the drinking usages. 
 
 Would you be great ? 
 
 Would you be good ? 
 
 Would you be eminent ? , 
 
 W^ould you be useful ? 
 
 Would you make your mark in the world and leave it I 
 better than you found it ? Remember you are not to find 
 the elements of success in life by lounging around the] 
 tavern, or by following the drinking customs of society; 
 every step in the damnable ladder of drinking leads! 
 downwards. There was a young man of my acquaintance;! 
 he occupied one of the first situations in the City of Qltu- 
 
DANQER. 
 
 59 
 
 gow as a commercial traveller ; for years he filled it 
 honourably ; but by treating his customers, and by being 
 treated in return by them, he gradually acquired a love for 
 drink. At length his employers found fault. Once they 
 said, " John, we observed you the worse for liquor; now 
 we wish to warn you, if we find you the worse for drink, 
 again, we will be under the painful necessity of dismiss- 
 ing you from our employment ; we cannot entrust you 
 with large sums of our money if you are going to drink 
 in this way." John thought that he would be more care- 
 ful ; that if he did drink, he would do so on the sly ; but 
 once, while under the influence of drink, he lost a large 
 sum of money which he could not replace. The truth came 
 out — he was dismissed. After a time he got another situa- 
 tion, inferior to the former. From that he was dismissed 
 also on account of his intemperate habits ; and then he got 
 I another situation, and yet another, until he became so 
 dissipated in his habits that no merchant would have 
 him in his employment, although he was one of the best 
 salesmen in the West of Scotland. About twelve years 
 [ago, just as I was leaving the Old Country, one of the 
 last sights on which I gazed was that once noble man, but 
 how changed! He came to me without a coat on his back 
 )rahat on his head, and with bent form and palsied hand, 
 Rooking pitifully in my face, said, '* Thomas, give me 
 sixpence." Never till death shall I forget that look or those 
 rords. Now, who is that young man ? His father is a retired 
 lerchant in Belfast, Ireland ; his brother is one of the most 
 iuential merchants in that prosperous commercial town ; 
 id were John to go to his father's or brother's 
 
! 
 
 60 
 
 DANQEH. 
 
 door and knock for admittance, he dare not enter, but 
 would be taken by the collar and hurled from their door- 
 steps. Now, what is it that has caused that father to bar 
 his door against his son ? nay, what is ten thousand times 
 worse, what has caused that father to bolt the door of his 
 heart against his own son ? — nothing but this debasing, 
 demoralising, body-destroying and soul-damning drink, 
 which is laying its foul hand upon some of the most in- 
 telligent and promising young men to be found in almost 
 every village, town and city in the land. 
 
 The wife of one of the greatest drunkards of my ac- 
 quaintance told me that she was painfully aware of her 
 husband becoming addicted to intemperate habits; that she 
 warned him of his danger, and pleaded with him to give up 
 the use of strong drink ; but he was indignant, and said, 
 " Am I a dog that I should do this ?" The thought of being 
 a drunkard never entered his mind, and the very idea,when 
 hinted at by his loving wife, filled him with anger ; and 
 yef he fell, and how great and how sad the fall ! Once he 
 was the leading man in the place, the largest merchant in 
 the village, one of Her Majesty's Justices of the Peace, 
 active in his habits, useful to society, a pillar in the 
 church ; kind, generous and noble, his purse was ever open 
 to relieve the distressed and aid every good movement, and 
 his house was a home for the minister and the moral re- 
 former ; but, alas ! drink has mastered him : now he is a 
 wreck — physically, morally and intellectually ; loathsome 
 to look upon, the indirect murderer of his wife, his 
 children's sorrow and the neighbourhood's pest. 
 
 A sin bo terrific in its consequences should be traced to 
 
 tWUHMMNMWWitodI 
 
DANGER. 
 
 ei 
 
 ita origin and strangled in the very rradle. Now it is this 
 moderate drinking that is the great feeder of this parent 
 vice — it oils the hinges of the gate leading to excess. It 
 might be compared to a steep incline leading down to the 
 depot of destruction ; therefore, 
 
 " On reason build resolve, 
 That column of true majesty in man," 
 
 and shun the tempter. 
 
 Were all the drunkards that now inhabit our world 
 swept away and not one left, how long do you think it 
 would take before another army as great as the present 
 would arise from the ranks of the moderate drinkers? Only 
 a few years at most. During the past winter quite a num- 
 ber of persons met with theil* death from exposure to the 
 cold, and chiefly on account of their intemperate habits; 
 and as I read of one poor victim after another who had 
 met with his or her death through drink, I thought that 
 I heard a voice saying," March forward, moderate drinker;" 
 and there stepped forward, from the ranks of the moderate 
 drinkers, others to fill up the blanks, and in no other way 
 can you account for the fact that the army of drunkards is 
 constantly kept up. Were it not for this, as a natural con- 
 sequence they would die off" and pa«s away. But although 
 1 they are dying rapidly and numerously, the multitude of 
 drunkards is constantly kept up ; and why ?--because there 
 is being schooled, there is being educated in this school of 
 [moderate drinking, thousands of unsuspecting persons who 
 Icome forward and fill up the vacancies as fast as they are 
 Imade ; and so long as moderate drinking is continued 
 
C2 
 
 DANGER. 
 
 drunkenness will be the result, for itis daily supplying us 
 with a fresh crop of drunkards. 
 
 I have sometimes a«ked the advocates of moderate 
 drinking for a definition of moderation ; but it has not been 
 better defined than from a glass of wine to a hogshead of 
 brandy. Some of those who have tried moderation found 
 it to be a great botheration. 
 
 A minister is reported to have said to a man once, 
 " John, you're drunk again." " Yes, minister, I'm drunk 
 again." " Well, John, you're just gaun tae hell as fast as 
 ye can gang." " What, minister, hae you turned teeto- 
 taller ? " " No, I'm nae teetotaller, ye ken ; I tak it in 
 moderation, John." " Weel, what dae ye ca' moderation, 
 minister?" "Well, I tak a wee t'irap in the moinin' when 
 I get up ; then I tak a glass befoi'e dinner to sharpen my 
 appetite, and for some years back I hae been in the habit 
 0* takin' a wee drap o' whisky toddy gaun tae bed, tae 
 mak me sleep." " And that's what you c\ moderation, 
 minister ?" " Yes, John, that's the use, no the abuse, o' the 
 guid creatures o' God." •' Weel, minister, I'm paid every 
 three months j'^e ken, and when i get my quarter's pay 
 I gang on the spree and tak a fuddle. Now, I drank three 
 glasses to-day, and you say I'm Jrunk and that I'm gaun 
 tae hell as fast as I can gang on my three glasses in the 
 three months or twelve glasses in the year, and you fancy 
 that you're gaun tae heaven in a han' basket on your, at 
 least, 365 glasses in the year." 
 
 See the full-grown cucumber in the window of the 
 pickle merchant; how it has been trained to grow into its 
 glass prison. How like the poor drunkard ! See the green 
 
DAVQER. 
 
 youth insinuated into the bottle's mouth ; see it grows and 
 swells until it becomes too large to be withdrawn, and has 
 to be cut off and separated from the vine that eherished 
 it. So with the drunkard ; habif. makes him swell until 
 he is cut off from the general world, and has no home 
 but the bottle. " Bacchus," like a pickle merchant, has his 
 bottled cucumbers in the shape of poor drunkards ; once 
 good-looking; now they are sign-boards. 
 
 Following the drinking customs of society might bo 
 compared to the meanderings of the mountain's rill. You 
 see that little stream descending the mountain's brow aa 
 it sparkles in the sunbeam ; it is insignificant in itself, but 
 as you follow it on its course it increases, other ;itreams 
 becf)me tributary to it, and at length it forms a mighty 
 river, and becomes a mighty torrent, raging and foaming 
 and sweeping all within its course into the yawning abyss 
 of desolate despair. So many men who begin in the 
 placid stream of moderation become drawn into the vor*ex, 
 and are at last engulphed in the awful whirlpool of ir.t/em- 
 perance. 
 
 It is worthy of remark that men have not to be rea- 
 soned Liio drunkenness. You have not to argue with 
 men to show them that it is desirable to become addicted 
 to intemperate habits ; nay, they know that it is farotJier- 
 wLse : and yet, although they are conscious of the evil, alas ! 
 they not unfrequently fall victims to this vice ; while, on 
 the other hand, if you would have men relinquish the cup, 
 and makj sober men of drunkards, it is through the in- 
 tellect (not the appetite) you approach them, and then 
 appeal to their conacience and Judgment in the matter. 
 
i«: 
 
 64 
 
 DANGKR. 
 
 Young men, the hope of our country, we appeal to you. 
 Would'st thou escape being drawn into the fearful whirl- 
 ppol of intemperance ? then avoid moderate drinking. 
 Would'st thou save thyself from remorse and sorrow of 
 the keenest sort ? then avoid moderate drinking. Would'st 
 thou sive thy sisters and brothers from burning tears of 
 shame and sorrow ? avoid moderate drinking. Would'st 
 thou dread bringing thy parents' grey hairs with sorrow 
 to the grave ? then avoid moderate drinking. Would'st 
 thou save thy soul, young man ? then avoid, we pray 
 thee, moderate drinking, which has led so many into the 
 drunkard's misery. 
 
 How many parents' hearts are breaking to-day because 
 of this evil ! — parents who have toiled late and early to 
 earn wherewith to provide for their families ; parents who 
 have spent thousands of dollars in educating their child- 
 ren and preparing them for the active duties of life, and 
 whose heai-tH heat high with hope that they wouxd leave 
 their mark in the world; but, alas! no sooner did they 
 leave the parental roof than companions gathered around 
 them, and thej^ have been enticed to frequent the hotel 
 and the saloon, and step by step they are being led away 
 from paths of virtue, sobriety and happiness, until around 
 ten ti.nes ten thousand hearths, to-day, parents' hearts 
 are breaking and mourning beca,use of drink. The drink- 
 ing customs of society are no prevalent, and the tempta- 
 tions to drink so numerous, that young men, especially, 
 require to be well fortified if they would avoid being 
 shipwrecked upon the sea of life. See two shi|)s at sea : 
 one observer a dark cloud arising in the western horizon; 
 
 11 
 
 t~.-JL.. 
 
DANGER. 
 
 65 
 
 and furls her sails in preparation for the coming storm. 
 She weathers the gale. The other, heedless of the danger, 
 is overtaken — the sea begins to roll, the squall rises, the 
 wind blows, the thunder peals, the lightning plays in the 
 rigging— a perfect hurricane rages ; the sails are torn to 
 shivers, the ship is dismasted, and at length she becomes 
 a total wreck. So witi two young men : one acts cau- 
 tiously, becomes a pledge 1 abstainer, outweathers many a 
 fierce gale of storm and temptation ; the other, heedless 
 of consequences, shuns the warning and is overtaken ; and 
 hence thousands of bur bravest young men have been led 
 away and ruined by the drinking customs of society. 
 
 Parents, there is danger. 
 
 'Vhat parent w ould wish his children to become drunk- 
 ?iM . ? No one having natural affection could desire so 
 sad a result, and yet how many parents, both by precept 
 and example, do what they can to bring about this sad 
 consequence. I know it is not designedly, but the effect 
 is produced as perfectly an if it were inter ded on their 
 part : they favour the drinking customs of society, and 
 imbibe in the presence of their offspring, and thus the 
 young look upon such as innocent and harmless, instead 
 of shunning the drink as they would a rattlesnake. It 
 has been remarked that example is more powerful than 
 precept. We are creatures of imitation, and children will 
 as a rule follow in the footsteps of their parents. Our 
 children should be taught that, to abstain from druoken- 
 uossf they must abstain from intoxicating di'iuks. 
 
 " Never take more than two or three glasses at most, 
 Uiy boy," said a father to his son. " I have b^mn a member 
 
66 
 
 DANGER 
 
 of a church for over twenty years, and no one ever saw 
 me drunk in my life, my boy ; follow your father's exam- 
 ple, and you'll never be a drunkard ; steer after me, my 
 boy, and I'll show you how to avoid drunkenness. This 
 is the clear stream of Moderation ; yonder is the rock of 
 Intemperance. Sail after me, my boy." The father mans 
 his oars, and the son follows after. All goes well for a 
 time. But see ! the father nears the rock, and wi£h won- 
 derful nicety he rounds the point and escapes as with the 
 skin of his teeth ; but the son is less fortunate. " Sail 
 after me, my boy," shouts the father. The son strives 
 hard, but, notwithstanding all his efforts, his frail barque 
 stiikes against the rock, is upset, and, commingling with 
 the moaning of the waves, the father hears the last cry 
 of his boy, uttering the terrible words. Lost ! Lost ! I 
 Lost ! I ! Ah, well might that father exclaim, with bitter 
 anguish of soul, " Absalom, my son, my son Absalom ; 
 would God I had died for thee, Absalom, my son, my 
 son Absalom ; " and oh ! how often has it happened that 
 * the father, of a sedate temperament, while he has drank 
 moderately for years and never became a drunkard, yet 
 his own son, of a sanguine temperament, has been over- 
 come, and laid in the most awful of all graves— that of 
 the poor unfortunate drunkard, made so by the example 
 of his father and the ruinous drinking customs of society. 
 How often retribution follows wrong-doing, and how 
 terrible the blow. I have seen the son of one of our 
 Judges, while attendir.g school, turned out on accotnt of 
 his intemperate habits ; I have seen him dragged to the 
 Police Court a bloated wreck before he was out of his 
 
DANGER. 
 
 67 
 
 teens ; and all the while the father was indulging in the 
 use of that which had ruined his son, blasted his own 
 hopes, and whitened his hair. When will parents be 
 wise, and warn their children of the danger connected 
 with the use of spirituous liquors ? 
 
 Hannibal, when a child, was taken by his father, and 
 there, upon the altar, the father made his boy swear 
 eternal vengeance against Rome ; and, as the result of 
 such training, we find him, at the age of twenty-four, 
 leading the armies of Carthage over the everlasting and 
 untrodden Alps and thundering at the gates of Rome. So 
 parents should ask their children, in the morning of life, 
 to promise them that they would "neither taste, touch, 
 nor handle the unclean thing." 
 
 What do you think ofyoui-self now? 
 
 A young man of respectable birth was convicted and 
 sentenced to transportation. What disgrace upon the 
 family! The mother wept. The father visited him in 
 prison — ^he enters — the door creaks on its hinges — father 
 and son confront each other — they look, and the son says, 
 "What do you think of yourself now ?" "Think of my- 
 self I — what do you mean, Robert ? " " Father," continued 
 the son, " the half glass of toddy did it, and your hand 
 mixed it. But for the practice you taught me, I would 
 have shrunk from the tavern ; but what harm could I see 
 there, when I saw the same practices at my father's 
 table?" 
 
 On the morning that he left the prison, both father and 
 mother were at the cell early, and as he entered the 
 prison van, the son addroaiMid bis father thus : " Farewell, 
 
<8 
 
 DANGER. 
 
 ■ 1 
 
 I 
 
 I I 
 
 L: 
 
 father ; there rests on me the brand of villain, and you af- 
 fixed it there." 
 
 Awful position for a parent to be placed in ! ! ! 
 
 Reformed drunkards, there is danger. " Let him that 
 thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall." I honour 
 the men who have conquered this desperate appetite, and 
 pronounce them true heroes, but still I would have them 
 watch and pray, for there is danger. There is a two- 
 fold enemy to fighfc against — the enemy within, an ap- 
 petite which may be roused at any moment ; then there 
 is thq enemy without, in the shape of a legalized liquor 
 traffic, and the drinking usages of society — all of which 
 admonish you to be ever on your guard. There is really 
 no safety for the reformed drunkard other than total ab- 
 stinence. 
 
 Ah ! there is danger even in one glass. 
 
 A sea captain who had once been greatly addicted to 
 drink, became an abstainer, and for a considerable time 
 held fast. But on returning home after a long voyage, 
 as the veaiel came near land, one of the passengers ex- 
 erted mu'^^ >f his persuasive eloquence and induced the 
 captain to take one glass ; but, oh ! it was an un- 
 fortunate glass. It flew to his brain, and under its mad- 
 dening influence he leaped overboard and was drowned. 
 The first mate took charge of the vessel until it reached 
 the port. As the ship neared the wharf, a female figure 
 was seen waving a white handkerchief She knew 
 the vessel, and in an ecstacy of joy she waved it high in 
 the air ; her heart was glad that, amongst so many casu- 
 alties, once moix; her beloved husband had been brought 
 
DANGER. 
 
 69 
 
 in safety home. But now she becomes restless ; how un- 
 easy she seems. Where can he be ? Is it possible that 
 he is at his log-book ? Why does he not come on deck ? 
 Surely he expects me. At last the ship is made fast to 
 her moorings, and she leaps on board and rushes down to 
 the cabin and inquires for her husband. One of the pas- 
 sengers informed her of how her Ipsband came by his 
 death, and oh ! what grief, what anguish, what heart- 
 rending sorrow wrung that poor woman's spirit as she 
 wept and mourned the death of her beloved husband — a 
 death made ten thousand times more painful by having 
 been caused by drink. 
 
 See that ship at sea. Hark! how the storm rages ! 
 The winds blow, the waves rise mountains high, the 
 thunders roll and the lightning plays amongst the rig- 
 ging ; but amidst it all she is fast at anchor. But one 
 link in her cable gives way, and you see her driven with 
 tremendous fury against the rocks, and you hear the 
 groaning of the dying commingled with the moaning of 
 the waves. What caused this disaster ? Only one link 
 gave way. So, reformed one, if you take but one drop of 
 the liquor, your resolution becomes broken, and it may 
 awaken that old appetite, which creates a greater storm in 
 the soul than ever was produced by the elements during 
 a storm at sea. And yet some will be so though tlesR, nay 
 wicked, as to induce such men to drink. 
 
 I can point to farm after farm that has been squandered 
 away through intemperance, and there are multitudes 
 to-day who are reduced to want and poverty by over-in- 
 dulgence in this fearful habit of driiiking. 
 
i 
 
 
 i : 
 
 I 
 
 I i 
 
 I 
 
 70 
 
 DANGEB. 
 
 Health is in danger. We have known men of naturally 
 strong constitutions, to have them broken down, long be- 
 fore they arrived at the prime of manhood, by indulgence 
 in drink. We have also known persons to improve by to- 
 tally abstaining, who were in the habit of only drinking 
 but moderately, and some even who were using it medi- 
 cinally — as in the c^se of Mrs. Wightman, the authoress 
 of " Haste to the Rescue " — have been greatly benefited 
 by totally abstaining. 
 
 Character is in danger. What is so valuable to a man 
 as a good cbaraoter ? Let a man possess never so much of 
 this world's goods, let him boast that he is a millionaire, 
 and be destitute of a good character, and we despise him ; 
 but let him be never so poor, if he possess a good charac- 
 ter he has that which is beyond all price ; he is, in the 
 true sense of the word, rich. Shakspeare said, " Who 
 steals my purse steals trash ; 'twas mine, 'tis his, and 
 has been slave to thousands ; but he who filches from me 
 my good name, robs me of that 'which not enriches 
 him, and makes me poor indeed." Some men begin to 
 drink with a good character, but by indulging in it they 
 lose not only their health and their property, but many of 
 them their character also. 
 
 Life is in danger. That habits of intemperance tend 
 to shorten the span of human existence, none will dare to 
 dispute. Not only do frequent and sUdden deaths occur 
 d&ily from the excessive use of alcoholic drinks^ but this 
 practice is constantly sending numbers to a premature 
 grave. 
 
 i ap^^eal to the moderate drinker, and ask, what ad- 
 
DANGER. 
 
 71 
 
 vantage have you moderate drinkers over those who ab- 
 stain ? Surely, if you lend your influence to these cus- 
 toms, you must derive some advantage over us who to- 
 tally abstain. It surely cannot be possible that you will 
 countenance this evil without you gain, some wonderful 
 advanti^ge over those who do not countenance it ; and if 
 you do, what are the advantages ? Do you hve lonr^er, 
 do you enjoy life better, is your muscle firmer, is 3'oiir 
 complexion more healthy, is your breath less offensive, 
 can you ejdure the summer's heat or withstand the win- 
 ter's cold letter,, are you more exempt from sickness, or, 
 when it cones, less liable to death ? Have you a clearer 
 intellect, a \erener frame of mind, a less irritable temper, 
 or a more ^proving conscience? Is there one joy of 
 earth, or ont hope of Heaven, over which the moderate 
 drinker has be advantage of the "Total Abstainer ?" Not 
 one ! Then, n the name of God, dash the poisoned cup 
 away! 
 
 If, on returiing home and entering your bed-chamber, 
 a serpent met ;ou rising on his tail, opening his horrible 
 jaws, with his ieadly fang ready to plunge it into your 
 vitals, would y»u stand and admire its fantastic colours ; 
 would you stroie it and say, "Oh, pretty creature, what 
 varied hues ; hew lovely you are ?" No ! you would seek 
 some weapon b^ which you could deal it a deadly blow 
 on the head, anc you would do right ; but with reference 
 to the serpent Drink, although from the glass that con- 
 tains the liquid ire there may be audibly heard the ser- 
 pent's hiss, and isibly seen the adder's sting, yet people 
 admire it as it gvethits colour in the cup while the mon- 
 
72 
 
 DANGER. 
 
 
 ster is coiling itself around its victim, and thus uncon- 
 sciously chains of habit are being forged more difficult to 
 be broken than bands of iron. 
 
 Mr. Pollard, of Manchester, has said : — 
 
 '* Let it stick in your Lead / 
 
 What friend Pollard once said, / 
 
 For a long-headed fellow he's reckoned ; 
 Never quaff the first pot, 
 And the devil cannot 
 
 Compel you to swallow a second." 
 

 LECTUKE III. 
 
 OUR DUTY. 
 
 IN this Temperance movement you have a duty to per- 
 form. The Rev. John Fletcher remarked, " A man 
 may do your work, but none can do your duty." 
 
 The great Duke of Luxembourg declared upon his death- 
 bed, " He would rather have it to reflect upon that he 
 gave a cup of cold water to some worthy object in dis- 
 tress, than to have gained a thousand battles." ^ 
 
 Now the question arises, if I can follow a safe course 
 without any violation of principle, without bringing any 
 guilt upon my conscience, or without injuring my fel- 
 lows, am I not bound to do it ? Now, I am certain that 
 each of you will admit, that it is safer and there is not so 
 much likelihood of my ever becoming a drunkard if I 
 never '* touch, taste nor handle the unclean thing," than 
 if I were to tamper with drink and begin to follow the 
 drinking customs of society. Well, then, if it be safer for 
 me to abstain, and if my abstaining entails no guilt upon 
 my ownhead nor any injury upon my neighbours, am I not 
 bound in all conscience to do so ? Besides, above mere 
 personal grounds, my example will bo safer and not so 
 dangerous, and none can say that it was onlciilstttMl to 
 lead them to indulge in this vice. 
 
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74 
 
 OUR DUTY. 
 
 When Dr. Edgar, of Belfast, first saw the necessity of 
 suppressing the evils of intemperance, he put down the 
 drink and said any that wanted it might help themselves, 
 but that he would not offer it. The result was not one 
 would drink, and next morning he took out the decant- 
 ers and smashed them against the lamp-post, and the 
 ducks were seen lying with their heels up opposite his 
 residence. 
 
 A meeting was held in the west of Scotland to form a 
 Total Abstinence Society. When several speakers had ad- 
 dressed the meeting, the parish minister rose, and stated 
 that he saw no need for pledging themselves ; that each 
 for himself should use and not abuse these gifts ; when a 
 drunken weaver rose and exclaimed, " That's right, that's 
 right ; you're on our side — you're a man after my ain 
 heart." The minister turned pale and replied, " If I'm 
 on your side, I'm wrong." That was his turning point. 
 Go thou and do likewise. 1 
 
 If the drunkard only is to abstain, how can he? A 
 poor inebriate once waited upon a dry goods merchant 
 and asked him, " Mr. Y., will you save a lost soul 1 " 
 " What do you mean ? " " Why, sir, you know I've been 
 a poor degraded drunkard for so many years, and it 
 breaks my heart to think of the misery that I have brought 
 upon my poor wife and my innocent children, and I come 
 to you to see if you will take the pledge with me ; and if 
 you will, I will. There's room on earth for another man, and 
 by God's help I'U be that man." ** It's the very best thing 
 you can do," responded Mr. Y., " but I have no occasion ^ 
 I never was drunk in my life ; I have perfect comniand 
 
OUR DUTY. 
 
 75 
 
 of myself ; but it's the very best thing you can do. I re- 
 commend you to join." " But," replied the poor drunkard, 
 " if none but drunkards would join, they would be point- 
 ed out and derided ; but if Christian men like you will 
 join, then thei'e will be protection and help for the likes of 
 me. Will you join with me, Mr. Y. ?" " No ; I have no 
 occasion, but I recommend you to join." The poor man 
 left. That night sleep forsook Mr. Y. ; he tossed in his 
 bed, first on one side, then to the other ; now he would 
 pull down his night-cap over his ears ; but it was his con- 
 science, not his night-cap, which troubled him. And, 
 friends, if we have a troubled conscience we cannot expect 
 to enjoy sweet sleep or calm repose, no matter how thick our 
 night-cap or how far we pull it over our ears. At last he 
 touches his wife with his elbow and said, " Betsy, I can- 
 not sleep." " What's the matter ? " replied the guidwife. 
 " Oh," responded Mr. Y., " Duncan McLean called at the 
 store this afternoon, and asked me if I would save a lost 
 soul. He wanted me to join teetotal with him and I 
 would not, and the words, ' Mr. Y., will you save a lost 
 soul?' are constantly ringing in my ear, and I can't sleep, 
 Betsy." She replied, " Weel, toots dinna bother me about 
 it. If you canna sleep, let me sleep mysel, wuU ye ? " 
 But sleep he could not, and early next morning he was 
 seen approaching the miserable home of poor Duncan, and 
 they both went to the secretary of the Temperance Society 
 and took the pledge, and Mr. Y. has been one of the best 
 friends of the good cause in th^,t village since. So we 
 want you not to wait till you are forced like Mr. Y. to 
 join our ranks, but spontaneously and cheerfully to coipQ 
 forward and join our noble cause. 
 
1 
 
 4 : { 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 
 76 
 
 OUR DUTY. 
 
 We want your assistance in order to remove this great 
 curse from our land. " Greater love hath no man than this 
 — that a man lay down his life for his friends." We do 
 not ask you to lay down your life, but we do implore and 
 entreat of you to give up the use of alcoholic stimulants, 
 and for the sake of thy brother, thy weak brother, to 
 deny thyself the gratification which the cup affords thee, 
 in order that thou mayest stop this awful source of misery 
 and sia 
 
 Dr. Johnson has quaintly said that he who waits and 
 expects to do a great deal all at once will never accom- 
 plish anything. " Life is made up of small things ; let us 
 then do what we can and when we can." 
 
 Do not be like Belzoni's toad, which lived in the rock 
 three thousand years and did nothing, but rather come 
 forward nobly and help in this great moral reform. 
 
 " England expects that every man this day will do his 
 duty." Lord Nelson could exclaim, " I thank God I 
 have done my duty," and happy are those who can say 
 so in reference to the temperance question. " To him that 
 knoweth to do good and doeth it not, to him it is sin." If 
 you saw a vessel dashed to pieces against the rocks, or a 
 house on fire, you are bound to try and save the lives en- 
 dangered ; but if you were asleep and in a state of uncon- 
 sciousness you would not be guilty of sin. Drunkards 
 are dying around you ; are you trying to save them ? It 
 was one of the shortest and yet most eloquent lectures 
 that ever was delivered upon this subject, when the lata 
 Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of 
 Scotland stated, " If all Skye should perish through intern- 
 
 
great 
 
 ? It 
 
 OUB DUTY. 
 
 perance, I thank God my skirts are clear of their blood." 
 Would to God that all ministers and professing Christians 
 could say the same, and like the great Apostle to the 
 Gentiles exclaim : " I take you to record that I am pure 
 of the blood of all men." May not one drop of the blood 
 of the ruined drunkard be found spotting our garments ! 
 " Judge this rather, that no man put a stumbling block in 
 his brother's way." 
 
 It is astonishing what may be done in reclaiming ine- 
 briates where persons are earnestly desirous of doing 
 good. Once I had the pleasure of lecturing in the Par- 
 ish of , and while there I was a guest at the 
 
 vicar's. Dinner was served up in real Irish style. There 
 the waiters, in patent slippers, white stockings, velvet 
 breeches, and all the livery requisite to adorn an Irish 
 nobleman's mansion, brought in dish after dish of the 
 good things provided. Then came the decanters with 
 wine, brandy and whisky ; then porter, ale and every 
 variety of choice and rare drinks. In due time they were 
 passed to myself, but as I was a total abstainer I dare not 
 even touch them, and contented myself with a glass of cold 
 water, and allowed the waiter to pass them to the other 
 members of the vicar's family. 
 
 After dinner the vicar said to me that he would be 
 much obliged if I would go and visit some drunkards in 
 his parish. I replied that I would be glad to do any- 
 thing in my power to reclaim such, but that if he were to 
 join our ranks he would exert a much greater influence 
 than I, a stranger, could possibly have. But, said the 
 vicar, " I have been accustomed to my glass of wine at 
 
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 78 
 
 OUR DUTY. 
 
 stated times daily for upwards of forty years, and I feel 
 that as the time arrives when I have been accustomed to 
 take it, nature demands it ; besides, I fear if I were to give 
 it up that my health would give way under it." I told him 
 that the distinguished authoress of " Haste to the Rescue " 
 had feared a similar result, but she s'cuW so many injured 
 by drink, that she resolved to give up her daily allow- 
 ance of wine, although her medical advisers considered it 
 essentially necessary ; and instead of her suffering thereby, 
 her health became very much improved. Besides, although 
 he would be likely to feel the want of it for a time, still 
 every day as he continued to abstain he would feel less incon- 
 venience, and by abstaining he would be more likely to win 
 over those who were confirmed drunkards. The vicar 
 considered a little, and then decided that he would abstain 
 for six months, and if, at the end of that tin. '^, his system 
 was not injured by abstaining, he would become a mem- 
 ber of the Society in that place ; and now the vicar is an 
 
 out-and-out teetotaller, and President of the Total 
 
 Abstinence Society. 
 
 There is abundant work for each and all to do. Sir 
 Fowell Buxton placed more dependence upon ordinary 
 powers and extraordinary exertion, than upon extra- 
 ordinary powers and ordinary exertion. Let each, the?;e- 
 fore, endeavoui' to do his duty, and success is certain. 
 
 Let the golden rule have its effect — " Do unto others as 
 you would that they should do unto you." man ! if 
 thou v^ ert a poor drunkard enslaved, would'st thou not be 
 glad that some one would endeavour to save thee? 
 woman ! if it had fallen to thy lot to get a drunken hus- 
 
 ^IL^, 
 
 te***.. 
 
OUR DT7TT. 
 
 79 
 
 Sir 
 Unary 
 
 lextra- 
 
 In. 
 
 lers as 
 
 Ian! if 
 
 lotbe 
 
 ,1 
 
 hus- 
 
 
 band, would'st thou not have welcomed the Temperance 
 Reformer in his endeavours to reclaim thy poor husband ? ' 
 son ! if thy father had been an inebriate, would'st thou 
 not have been thankful to see efforts being put forth to 
 save him ? daughter ! if thy mother, on whose kind 
 lap thou hast lain, on whose breast thou hast hung, whose 
 gentle voice hath oft hushed thee to sleep, and whose' 
 prayers hath oft ascended to Heaven on thy behalf — if" 
 she were a drunkard, would'st thou not appreciate the 
 efforts of those who would visit thy mother and endeavour 
 to win her back from her awful position ? fathers and 
 mothers ! if your children were treading the downward 
 path — if they were victims to horrid intemperance,^ — 
 would'st thou not love the men who were striving to re- 
 form them ? And there are thousands suffering from the 
 sad, sad effect of this fearful vice ; and if thou art not, be 
 thankful to God for it, and put forth every effort in thy 
 power to counteract these terrible evils. 
 
 We should pity and feel for the poor drunkard. 
 
 Many there are who spurn and pass by the drunkard, 
 while they love and countenance that which has made 
 him such. A lady once said in my hearing, " I hate a 
 drunkard." " Pray, madam," I inquired, " are you a tee- 
 totaler ?" "No, I am not ; why do you ask me that ques- 
 tion ?" " Because, madam, all the total abstainers I have 
 known, have pitied the poor drunkard, but hated the 
 drunkard's drink." Instead of passing by the poor 
 drunkard as an object beneath our notice, we should 
 feel for him as a brother ; and instead of despising him, 
 we should stoop down and say, Here, brother, here's my 
 
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 80 
 
 OUR DUTY. 
 
 hand ; I will try, both by precept and example, to bring 
 you up out of the horrible pit and miry clay of Intemper- 
 ance; for ho\<'. soever low the poor drunkard has fallen, 
 still he is a brother, and only for drink he would be as 
 good or perhaps a better man than those who loathe him. 
 
 0, my friend, would'st thou have compassion for poor 
 suffering humanity ? Then go visit the drunkard's home. 
 See his poverty-stricken dwelling ; listen to the tale of 
 sorrow from the lips of his poor heart-broken wife ; be- 
 hold the squalid looks and tattered garments of his poor 
 children. Mark the wretchedness and misery of that 
 place known as a drunkard's home, and if thy heart be 
 not very marble, thou canst not but feel for the inmates 
 of that habitation. , 
 
 The Rev. John Newton remarked : — " In the world I 
 observe two heaps — one little heap of happiness, and one 
 large heap of misery; and if I can take but the smallest 
 bit from the large heap ol misery and place it upon the 
 small heap of happiness, I have gained a point. If, on my 
 way home, I meet a child crying who has lost a penny, 
 and if, by my putting my hand in my pocket and giving 
 it another, T can bring joy to the little one's heart, I have 
 done something. I should like to do more, but I will not 
 even neglect to do this little." This is the feeling that 
 ought to actuate every man, No doubt but there is a 
 large heap of misery in the world, and who will dispute 
 that that heap is largely increased by intemperance ' In 
 fact, it is this one parent vice that fosters and feeds it to 
 a great extent. 
 
 Let us try and imbibe more of the spirit of love and 
 
 
 ,_ 
 
:il 
 
 .0 bring 
 temper- 
 \ fallen, 
 Id be as 
 )he him. 
 'or poor 
 's home. 
 J tale of 
 ife ; be- 
 his poor 
 
 of that 
 heart be 
 
 inmates 
 
 world I 
 and one 
 smallest 
 pon the 
 f, on my 
 L penny, 
 d giving 
 
 I have 
 will not 
 ing that 
 lere is a 
 
 dispute 
 ce ' In 
 ds it to 
 
 OUR DUTY.. 
 
 81 
 
 ove 
 
 and 
 
 true sympathy for mankind. Would that we were ac- 
 tuated by the same spirit that actuated a good lady near 
 Tower Hill, London. During the winter months there 
 is much danger in horses walking at this place, when the 
 ground is frozen, and many poor horses ofttimes Tall as 
 they ascend the hill; and this good lady, during the 
 winter mornings, is seen out with her ash-bucket, spread- 
 ing the ashes on the ice, in order to protect the poor 
 horses, and as far as possible prevent them from slipping 
 and falling. This is doing what is within her power. 
 
 "0, this old world would be better 
 If each hand would break a fetter ; 
 Tf each one would do his part 
 To bind up one broken heart." 
 
 If you had been present at the great fire at Chili, 
 would you not have made an effort to save the unfortu- 
 nate inmates ? Would you not have broken in those doors, 
 and endeavoured to extricate those inside ? You would ! 
 Every one of you would have done your best to rescue 
 those within that building. When you see your neigh- 
 bour's house or stable on fire, how you fly to render every 
 assistance in your power to save the furniture, the horses, 
 and whatever you can from the flames ; and if you wiU 
 put forth such efforts to save chattels and cattle, will you 
 not try to save the thousands who are being destioyed, 
 body and soul, by drink ? 
 
 " Drunkards are dying day by day ; 
 Thousands on thousands pass away. 
 O Christians, to their rescue fly, 
 And seek to save them ere they die." 
 
 i. 
 'i- 
 
 \ii 
 
 !i 
 
 ^1 
 
 ! 
 
8S 
 
 OUR DUTY. 
 
 . 
 
 
 Mil 
 
 I 
 
 V ! 
 
 
 ALL HAVE INFLUENCE. 
 
 A gentleman lecturing upon individual influence, point- 
 ed to a man in front of him with a child on his knee and 
 said, " Even that little girl has influence." " That's true, 
 sir," cried the man. "I was an awful drunkard; my 
 eldest daughter, a girl of nineteen years, caught cold while 
 waiting at the public-house door to take me home in the 
 evenings, lest I should fall into pits, and when she died I 
 would take this child to the tavern for company, but she 
 caught me by the skirts of my coat, and with tears in her 
 eyes cried, * Father, don't go.' I turned home, and have 
 never tasted drink since." 
 
 Then there is woman's influence ; who can withstand her 
 power — who can withstand her eloquence ? 
 
 When she takes up the cause of the oppressed and en- 
 slaved, the fetters fall off* and the joyous notes of freedom 
 are heard ; twenty millions of beings are liberated. 
 ' When she espouses a cause nothing can daunt her cou- 
 rage, but she rises above every difficulty, and the world 
 acknowledges the power of woman's influence. 
 
 It is said of the immortal George Washington (a name 
 that will be green in the history of the world when that 
 of CsBsar, Alexander and Bonaparte shall have been for- 
 gotten), that on one occasion when passing through the 
 city a negro took off" his hat as he approached the great 
 general. Washington returned the compliment, and one 
 of his generals observed this and remarked rather taunt- 
 ingly, " Do you take off" your hat to a nigger ?" " 1 would 
 not be outdone in politeness by a negro," sai4 the immor- 
 
OUR DUTY. 
 
 88 
 
 tal Washington. I love that name ; it is one of the purest, 
 one of the kindest, and one of the best that history has 
 recorded in this or any other land. Speak kindly, then, 
 we say, to the drunkard ; never beat a cripple with his 
 own crutches. The poor drunkard feels deeply and keenly 
 his deplorable condition, and instead of scolding he needs 
 words of hope, words of comfort, words of encourage- 
 ment. Remember, 
 
 " Kind words can never die, 
 Heaven gave them birth ; 
 Winged with a smile they fly 
 
 All o'er the earth. 
 Kind words the angels brought,* 
 Kind words our Saviour taught, 
 Sweet melodies of thought, 
 Who knows their worth ! 
 Kind words can never die, never die, never die ; 
 Kind words can never die ; no, never die." 
 
 Byron has one beautiful passage in his writings, which 
 is : 
 
 " There is more glory in drying the tears of sorrow from 
 the cheek, than in shedding oceans of blood." 
 
 0, wouldst thou dry ten thousand tears, try then to re- 
 claim the drunkard, and thou shalt not lose thy reward. 
 
 I know something of what the poor drunkard feels ; I 
 know something of the remorse that goads him; and I 
 implore you, if you would try to rescue such, don't scold 
 nor abuse. Experience is said to be a good teacher. I 
 remember well when I was regardless of everything that 
 pertained to my spiritual well-being. I enjoyed company 
 very much. I desecrated God's Sabbath. I, in. fact, nei- 
 
 i. 
 
84 
 
 OUR DUTY. 
 
 ther feared God nor regarded man. While in that state I 
 was visited by a pious young man ; had he taunted me, I 
 would have spat in his face ; had he scolded me, I would, 
 if in my power, have kicked him out of doors ; but he 
 pitied me. 
 
 I saw he loved me ; I observed in his entreaties and in 
 his tears proofs of his sincerity and affection; and by 
 exercising kindness I permitted him after many efforts to 
 search for my boots, and when he had found them I 
 allowed him to pull them on, and I complied with his 
 wishes and accompanied him to the house of God, where 
 I became convinced of the error of my ways, and was led 
 to seek and find mercy, and to my last breath I shall bless 
 and respect the name of James H. Beatty. 
 
 It is possible to do a right thing, and yet do it in a 
 wrong way. If we could hope to benefit the drunkard, 
 we must not scold and abuse him, but speak kindly and 
 softly to him. Civility is very cheap, and yet how beautiful 
 to behold. If you look at those men who have been most 
 successful in the world, you will find that they have ge- 
 nerally possessed a large share of this quality ; and those 
 persons who have been most useful in reforming drunkards 
 have been men who are remarkable for civility, kindness 
 and strong affections. Some seem to pride themselves in 
 giving offence and manifesting their want of common 
 civility. In the Old Country we have first, second and 
 third-class carriages 6n the railways, and when the guard 
 enters the first-class he says, " Tickets, please, ladies and 
 gentlemen ;" the second-class, " Tickets, please ;" the third 
 class, " Tickets." Let a careful observer enter some of our 
 
 I 
 
OUR DUTY. 
 
 85 
 
 banks. A gentleman enters, hands his cheque, and is 
 courteously asked, ** Shall I give you large bills or small 
 ones ?" and bows gracefully as he hands the needful. Im- 
 mediately there follows him a poor but honest farmer with 
 home-spun coat ; he lays down his cheque, the price of a 
 load of grain or pork which he has brought to market for 
 sale ; the cashier picks it up quite hastily, and, without 
 consultation or ceremony, puts down such bills as he has 
 a mind to give, and the poor farmer may either take them 
 or let them alone. Now, this man with his home-spun 
 coat may be an honest son of toil, and perhaps a child of 
 God, related to the Blood Royal of Heaven ; while the 
 man dressed in broad-cloth, who received most attention, 
 may have been one of the vilest of characters, and one who 
 has cheated and defrauded his creditors of thousands of 
 dollars. We must learn to value men by their moral worth, 
 not by the texture of the cloth they wear. On one occa- 
 sion Robert Burns, Scotia's own noble and immortal 
 bard, was observed by a noble Earl talking to a Highland 
 Scotsman with a broad blue bonnet and large strong boots. 
 " Well, Burns," said the Earl, " is that the kind of com- 
 pany you keep?" " Toots, you gommeral," said Burns, " it's 
 no the man's bonnet I'm talking to, it's the man's sel'," So 
 when we see a drunkard, let us pity him ; let us not be 
 ashamed to be seen speaking to him ; words of kindness 
 let us speak ; let us ever remember that it is the drink 
 that has laid him so low — that only for it he might be 
 great, good, and respectable. 
 
 There are thousands lost to themselves, lost to society, 
 lost to everything that's good, lost to God, and, if not re- 
 
 ■ u 
 
i 
 
 86 
 
 OUR DUTY. 
 
 i 
 
 claimed from drunkenness, lost, lost ! soul and body, for 
 all eternity ; and will you not try to reclaim them ? There 
 are thousands who have nothing to lighten up the dark- 
 ness of their gloom ; they have no friend to speak to them. 
 " No man careth for their soul," is their bitter lament. 
 Will you try and save such lost ones ? I know we shall 
 yet conquer, for — 
 
 *' Right is right since God is God, 
 And Right the day must win ; 
 To doubt would be disloyalty, 
 To falter would be sin." 
 
 The Rev. Benjamin Cutler was stopped on his way home 
 by a poor woman, and asked if he would please accept a 
 present of two fat chickens. He refused, saying he had 
 never done anything to merit such kindness. She replied, 
 " If you do not take them you will offend me much. I 
 have fattened them for you for weeks." " But I never did 
 anything to deserve them." " Yes, you looked so sad 
 when my husband would be drinking, and spoke so kindly, 
 that he could not withstand it, and he has joined, and is 
 now sober ; so you will please take the chickens, sir." 
 
 One of the most touching in st8,nces of gratitude that per- 
 haps ever was witnessed was in the case of the great trial 
 in Dublin of Major and Mrs. Yelverton, in 1860. Mr. 
 Whiteside conducted the case for Mrs. Yelverton ; and at 
 the close of that powerful and brillant address he remarked, 
 that " the only fault Mrs. Yelverton had was, that she 
 loved Major Yelverton too well ; that if she had a crown, 
 she would have placed it upon his brow ; if she had all the 
 gold of Ophir or the wealth of the Indies, she would have 
 
 'Itoitfil^ 
 
OUR DUTY. 
 
 87 
 
 cast them at his feet." The trial being over, and judg- 
 ment having been given in favour of Mrs. Yelverton, 
 the fact was made known to her ; and as Mr. White- 
 side entered the room where she sat with some of her 
 lady friends, she sprang upon her feet, and rushing 
 forward caught hold of him by both hands, as she 
 with streaming eyes lifted her face to heaven, while the 
 warm tears of gratitude flowed in copious streams down 
 upon his hands, as she exclaimed, "May Heaven reward you 
 for how you have pleaded the cause of the innocent this 
 day ! I can never repay you, but Heaven will." So if you 
 engage in the good work of endeavouring to reclaim the 
 fallen, you shall be rewarded ; the poor drunkard himself 
 will bless you ; his wife and children will bless you — not 
 perhaps so eloquently as the accomplished Mrs. Yelverton. 
 It may be something after the manner of an old beggar-wo- 
 man in Ireland, who, when a young gentleman would drop 
 a copper into her lap, would lift both her hands up as high 
 as possible and exclaim, "Arrah, arrah, that your soul may 
 be in heaven a fortnight before the devil knows you are 
 dead." It may, I say, not be in so touching, pathetic, or 
 eloquent a strain as the educated and accomplished Mrs. 
 Yelverton ; it may be only in the illiterate style of the poor 
 beggar-woman, but if you engage in the work of Temper- 
 ance Reform and put forth all your effort, verily you 
 shall not lose your reward. 
 
 On one occasion Her Most Gracious Majesty Queen 
 Victoria visited Paris, to pay her respects to Napoleon, 
 the Emperor of the French. The French soldiery were 
 drawn up in lines in the principal streets of the city ; 
 
 
 is tfi 
 
 Mil 
 
 m 
 
 I I 
 
88 
 
 OUR DUTY. 
 
 \] 
 
 '^m 
 
 their trappings and bayonets glistened in the sunbeam as 
 the royal carriage passed with Her Majesty, the Prince 
 Consort, the Emperor and Empress Eugenie. Presently ' 
 the carriage reached one of the principal thoroughfares, 
 where there stood a man with a great portion of his face 
 carried away, and minus an arm and a leg. As soon as 
 the carriage arrived opposit-e this man, the Emperor gave 
 orders to halt, and going up to one of the chief officers in 
 command he inquired how it was that he allowed a mis- 
 erable object like that to stand right in front of one of 
 the principal thoroughfares while Her Majesty was pass- 
 ing. " Oh, sire," replied the officer, " that is one of 
 France's bravest sons. It was while fighting for Her 
 Majesty on the heights of Alma that he was struck with 
 a shell and received those wounds, and he came to me 
 with tears in his eyes, and implored, as the only reward 
 to be given to an old veteran, that he might be permitted 
 to gaze upon that queen for whom he fought, suffered, 
 and bled, and the appeal was so eloquent I could not 
 withstand it. The fault is mine, sire." The Emperor 
 was pleased. He went to the carriage and gave orders to 
 drive on, and then related the circumstance to Her Ma- 
 jesty the Queen. Her tender heart was touched, and she 
 requested that the carriage would return, that once more 
 she might get a sight of the devoted soldier. The order 
 was given to halt, and the Emperor alighted from the car- 
 riage and stepping forward to the man, took the star of 
 the legion of honour from his own breast, and with his 
 own fingers pinned it upon the breast of the old veteran 
 soldier, amidst the most vociferous shouts of " Long live 
 
 
 ' *s 
 
OUR DUTY. 
 
 89 
 
 the Emperor !" That was honor — honor paid to a faithful 
 old veteran who had fought nobly for his country ; and will 
 not those who engage in this struggle receive honour? 
 We seek in this crusade not to destroy men's lives, but to 
 save them ; not to make many hearts sad by the shedding 
 of blood, but to make many hearts glad by the reclaiming 
 of those poor unfortunates who have become addicted to 
 intemperance. 
 
 Ladies, we ask you to help us in this work. Truly 
 your sex has suffered enough by this evil to cause every 
 woman in the land to set their face for ever against it,* 
 and depend upon it, if ever this world is to become better 
 and happier, woman, properly educated and truly bene- 
 volent, sensible of her mighty influence and wise enough 
 to exert it aright, must move in this great and important 
 movement. 
 
f| 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 ill 
 
 
 |i 
 
 LECTUKE IV. 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 IT is gratifying, notwithstanding the coldness, the sel- 
 fishness and the indifference of many of the professed 
 friends of this enterprise, to mark the progress and suc- 
 cess which have crowned the efforts of those engaged in 
 this mighty reform. 
 
 When we look abroad upon the multiplicity and magni- 
 tude of the Temperance organizations which now cover the 
 land and spread their healing and blessed influences upon 
 society, we are bound to thank God and take courage ; 
 but let us never forget the men who first buckled on their 
 armour and went forth to do valiant service in this great, 
 good and glorious cause. It has been remarked that 
 " fame is the reward of the dead, not of the living." 
 
 " They sleep in secret, and their sod, 
 UnJmown to man, is marked by Gqd." 
 
 But the early pioneers of this godlike enterprise shall 
 never die ; such men as Dr. Rush, Dr. Justin Edwards, 
 Dr. Lyman Beecher and Rev. Joseph S. Christmas, and a 
 host of others, are deserving to be held in everlasting re- 
 membrance. Let their noble example stimulate us to 
 
 " 
 
 >!«»* 
 
3 sel- 
 Pessed 
 1 suc- 
 :ed in 
 
 agni- 
 r the 
 upon 
 rage; 
 
 iheir 
 jreat, 
 
 that 
 
 >«»*. 
 
 *■' 
 
 shall 
 ards, 
 nd a 
 y re- 
 
 LS to 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 91 
 
 greater exertions, so that we may be worthy followers of 
 such noble heroes, and that we may speed the glorious 
 consummation of that work which they so nobly com- 
 menced. 
 
 Now Temperance occupies a prominent place in the 
 land ; it numbers amongst its members millions of all rank^ 
 and classes in the commxmity. We have now enrolled 
 upon our pledge book the name of the peer as well as the 
 peasant, the rich as well as the poor, and the noble as 
 well as the mean. Our principles are now practised in 
 the gorgeous mansion as well as in the humble log cabin. 
 Ministers of the ever-blessed gospel and senators of state ; 
 men of the most gigantic intellect and the brightest ge- 
 nius — aU give evidence in favour of the soundness of our 
 heaven-bom cauae. We have a Garibaldi, the purest of 
 patriots ; the late President Lincoln, of the United States; 
 Lord Shaftesbury and others who dine at the table of our 
 most gracious Queen, who are not ashamed to practise 
 and preach the principles of Total Abstinence. 
 ' At first when this cause was agitated there were some 
 who were afraid to move either tongue or pen until they 
 would see whether it would become popular or not, while 
 there were others, more daring than they, who did every- 
 thing in their power in order to crush the seed of Tem- 
 perance in the bud ; but their opposition only increased 
 the zeal of the friends of the cause, and insteji-d of it dy- 
 ing, it revived and prospered and spread. Just like two 
 boys who were playing in an avenue on one occasion — one 
 of them picked up something, and closing his hand upon 
 it, he exclaimed, " 0, Jamie, I have found something.' 
 
 IS 
 
 1 s 
 
 I ^ 
 
 i I 
 \ 1 
 
 i 
 
 ;?» 
 
 1 ifi I 
 
 I ,? 
 
 n 
 
 111 
 
92 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 " What hae ye found, Tom ? let's see it." " No, you would 
 take it." "Honour bright, Tom, I'll no take it." With 
 that he opened his hand and exposed his treasure. "Toots, 
 man, that's an acorn," replied his companion. " What's 
 an acorn ? " inquired Tom. " The seed of one of them 
 big trees there," replied Jamie ; and with that Tom flung 
 it down, and stamping his foot upon it he sank it into 
 the ground. " That's right, Tom, that's right ; just where it 
 ought to be, in its native soil." Time rolled silently past; by- 
 and-by it sent forth its tiny shoots ; every year added to its 
 strength and importance, until it became a giant oak in 
 the branches of which the fowls of heaven could lodge, 
 and became material out of which proud England built 
 her navy, and became mistress of the seas. 
 
 " U, the wooden walls of England, 
 Her sailors and her seas ; 
 Hurrah for Nelson, Trafalgar, 
 The battle and the breeze." j 
 
 Little did Tom think when he stamped in anger upon that 
 acorn that he was planting the seed of a giant oak that 
 would flourish when his poor body would be mouldering 
 in the silent graveyard, and yet it was so ; and as little 
 did those who opposed the Temperance enterprise imag- 
 ine that they were by their very resistance planting the 
 seed of Temperance ; for as ^ 
 
 " The oak strikes deeper as its boughs 
 By furious blasts are driven," 
 
 SO the more opposition we have had, the more zealously 
 we've striven ; and just as the limpet clings tenaciously to 
 
that 
 that 
 
 busly 
 ly to 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 93 
 
 yonder rock, so have the true friends of this glorious cause 
 stuck most firmly to their principles, when they have 
 been most fiercely and most bitterly assailed. 
 
 Some thought the Temperance movement wild and 
 ridiculous, and although we were not compelled to swear 
 a recantation like Galileo, yet we were branded as fan- 
 atics and enthusiasts ; but, notwithstanding all this (as 
 the great Tuscan philosopher said to one who was 
 standing by as he rose from his knees after swearing to 
 a series of propositions, " It moves for all that"), our 
 glorious cause, in spite of bitter foes and trembling 
 friends, " moves for all that." 
 
 It was called a Utopian scheme — an impossibility. But 
 so it ever has been. When Stephenson proposed to run a 
 steam coach between Manchester and Liverpool, they 
 said it would set fire to the houses on the line, that the 
 hens would lay no more eggs, and that the cows would 
 give no more milk, but he persevered until the land has 
 at length been belted with railways. 
 
 A great work is yet to be done if we would suppress 
 the evils of intemperance and stay the further ravages of 
 this Hj'^dra. Wherever we go, the demon Drink stares 
 us in the face, and opposes us in every step we take in 
 order to elevate society; and if statesmen were to sit down 
 calmly and ask themselves the question, " What measures 
 if adopted would tend most to the physical, social, mental, 
 moral and religious advantage of the people ?" I fancy 
 the response would be to mitigate, if not entirely do away 
 with, this injurious traffic. Lord Brougham has remark- 
 ed that "the philanthropist has no more sacred duty to 
 
 I 
 
 1 m 
 
 c m 
 
94 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 m 
 
 perform than to mitigate, if not altogether suppress, this 
 traffic." The Temperance enterprise commends itself to 
 every man, no matter to what shade of politics or reli- 
 gious denomination he may belong, and I consider this 
 one of the beauties of this movement. Just as the 
 various colours constitute the rainbow and make it lovely 
 and attractive to the eye, so is the fact that all persons, 
 howsoever they may diflfer in their political or reli- 
 gious views, here can meet upon one broad common 
 platform to fight against one common foe. This I look 
 upon as one of the mopt grand and distinguishing glories 
 of our movement. Kally then, friends, around the Tem- 
 perance flag. The people in the Old Country are putting 
 forth mighty effort, and never was the cause so warmly 
 sustained and zealously promoted as at this present mo- 
 ment. In eighteen hundred and sixty-three, five hun- 
 dred ministers of the Established Church subscribed their 
 names to the Temperance pledge, and are putting forth 
 great efibrt to crush this monster evil. Upwards of eight 
 hundred ministers in Scotland are devoted advocates of 
 the cause ; and in Ireland, according to the report of the 
 L'ish Temperance League for 1863, the ministers are join- 
 ing by hundreds, and public opinion is becoming vastly 
 changed in favour of Total Abstinence. 
 
 Scotland can boast of one of the greatest Temperance 
 organizations in the world, the world-renowed " Scottish 
 Temperance League," an organization which, both by its 
 able advocates and splendid publications, has done more for 
 Scotland than the most sanguine amongst us could have 
 expected. And why is it that such success has crowned 
 
THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 95 
 
 this cause ? It is because the smile of God rests upon this 
 enterprise, and he has blessed the efforts which have been 
 put forth on behalf of suffering humanity ; and we may 
 rest assured that if we labour in this good work the God 
 of heaven will own our humble efforts. 
 
 Nor is Canada lagging in this grand movement ; never 
 in the history of the cause was there so much zeal and 
 earnestness manifested as at the present time. The various 
 Temperance Societies throughout the Dominion are doing 
 a good work in their own spheres, while at the same time 
 every indication gives promise that united action will be 
 taken in order to obtain the complete overthrow of the 
 liquor traffic at no far distant date. 
 
 This happy state of things is largely owing to the stre- 
 nuous effi)rts put forth by the " Ontario Temperance and 
 Prohibitory League," which is destined, with the co-opera- 
 tion of the other Temperance Societies throughout the 
 country, to accomplish a glorious victory. 
 
 It gladdens our hearts to take any humble part in this 
 glorious enterprise ; and when we review its wonderful 
 success and bloodless triumphs, we are proud to be found 
 on the side of virtue and sobriety, giving no quarter to, 
 but taking a decided stand against, this deadly enemy of 
 man. ., . ^ / . 
 
 It gladdens our hearts to see misery replaced by com- 
 fort, to see the home once desolated bv the demon Drink 
 now a peaceful and happy abode. It gladdens our hearts 
 to see the father who was once cruel and unfeeling (made 
 so through drink) now a kind and loving parent, giving 
 his children the best legacy a poor man can bequeath them 
 
 '\ (! 
 
 Ih 
 
 ' Hi 
 
 
96 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 i 
 
 t 
 
 — the benefits of a liberal education and a virtuous exam- 
 ple. It gladdens our hearts to see the drunkard's wife, who 
 was once sad, sorrowful and careworn, now cheerful, blythe 
 and gay, and to see her dear children, who were once rag- 
 ged, tattered and torn, now comfortably clothed and fed. 
 
 Temperance is the friend of all, the enemy of none ; it 
 is the handmaid of religion ; and one of its distinguishing 
 glories is this, that it blends in and beautifully har- 
 monizes with every Christian and philanthropic effort in 
 which we engage. As an evidence of this I might mention 
 the case of Rev. Hugh Hanna, of Belfast. I was careful to 
 observe as far as possible, during the Ulster re\dval in 
 eighteen hundred and fifty-nine, the connection between 
 Temperance and Religion, and I am bold to assert that, as 
 far as my observation went, I invariably found that those 
 ministers who were total abstainers were much more 
 successful in gaining and retaining converts than those 
 who opposed or stood aloof from temperance. As the result 
 of that revival, the Rev. Mr. Hanna got a fine large brick 
 church erected, the former one being quite too small to 
 hold his congregation. He had a Temperance Society in 
 connection with his church, and special pains were taken 
 to watch over reformed drunkards, and his labours were 
 abundantly owned of God ; while some that I could name, 
 who took no interest in the Temperance movement, de- 
 rived but little advantage, and the falling off in the latter 
 case was much greater than in the former. 
 
 Dr. Marsh, on the laying of the Atlantic cable, states, 
 " To Temperance is the world not a little indebted for this 
 mighty achievement. Who brought the lightning from the 
 
 5 ' 
 
THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 97 
 
 skies ? — Franklin, a teetotaler. Who made it the ready 
 communicator of thought? — Morse, a teetotaler. Who sunk 
 it in the ocean's depths and made one of distant peoples ? 
 — Field, a teetotaler. Who stood at the helm of the noble 
 Niagara, which bore the cable to our shores ? — Capt. 
 Wm. Hudson, another firm teetotaler." 
 
 0, ye moderate drinkers, we ask you for your trophies ! 
 Show us those who have been reclaimed from intemper- 
 ance by following your moderate example. We can 
 point here and there and yonder to persons now kind 
 parents, useful members of society, and many of them 
 ornaments of the Church of Christ, who, through this Tem- 
 perance enterprise, have, by the blessing of God, been 
 raised from the depths of degradation into which drink 
 had plunged them, and now are loving husbands, kind 
 parents, useful members of society, ' and active in every 
 good word and work. 
 
 We are impelled by a noble philanthropy, a true pa- 
 triotism and a Christ-like charity. 
 
 Thank God, philanthropists still live though good old 
 J ohn Howard is no more, and men are to be found who 
 are willing to sacrifice personal interests for the public 
 good. 
 
 When this agitation was first commenced, the object 
 aimed at was the reformation of the drunkard, and 
 through those efforts the following i^idirect results have 
 flowed, viz.: 
 
 1st. The present state of public opinion. 
 
 2nd. A sense of moral danger in the use of drink. 
 
 3rd. The evil is more thoroughly understood. 
 
 r i 
 
 t! 1 
 
 i! 
 
 k 
 
 if* k 
 ft 
 
 in 
 
98 
 
 THK TEMPKRANCK ENTKKPUISE. 
 
 4th. A change in the social customs. 
 
 6th. A desire to train up the young in temperance. 
 [ 6th, A disposition to limit the facilities for drinking. 
 
 7th. Tipple, and your credit is suspected. , 
 
 Our thanks are due to the press and the editors ; those 
 men who spend heart and brain for the better future of 
 the world. Few know the consuming fever of the toil which 
 supplies them with their paper, or they would more high- 
 ly appreciate it, and would know that there are battle- 
 fields more destructive than that of war. But while 
 papers and editors can do much, what can 1 do by my 
 small efforts? Look at the tiny rain-drop; it falls upon the 
 sturdy granite, makes its way into the crevice, and finally, 
 succeeds in splitting the monster rock ; so your small 
 efforts may do much. Only do what you can ; the greatest 
 archangel in heaven cannot do more ; but you must not 
 wish and sigh — you must gird up your loins, and go to 
 work like Hannibal scaling the Alps, who at the age of 
 twenty-four led the armies of Carthage over the ever- 
 lasting and untrodden Alps, and thundered at the gates 
 of Rome. 
 
 It is cause for thankfulness to Almighty God, that the 
 press, hitherto so indifferent in this matter — a matter of 
 such vital interest to humanity at large — is beginning to 
 do good service in this noble work. There are some news- 
 papers that fearlessly expose the evils and accidents re- 
 sulting from this fearful habit ; and when we consider the 
 influence, the power, the omnipotence of the press, we 
 hail this as a delightful feature of the '* signs of the times." 
 Could we, with supernatural power, caU from the dreary 
 
 \ 
 
 4 
 
 
THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 99 
 
 
 m 
 
 \ 
 
 
 charnel-house the inhabitants of the antediluvian world, 
 and conduct them into one of our large printing establish- 
 ments, where, amid the everlasting clinking of type and 
 clatter of presses, broad sheets are thrown off at the rate 
 of thousands per hour, affording at a single glance infor- 
 mation that at one time would have cost a lifetime of 
 labour, surely they would think that we live in the 
 " golden age" of which philosophers dreamed and poets 
 sung; or could those Athenians who, on Mars Hill, listened 
 to the burning eloquence of Paul, see that discourse bound 
 up in morocco in the Book of Books, or were they per- 
 mitted to enter into one of our large book-rooms, where 
 thousands of volumes, in almost every language under 
 heaven, make the very shelves groan with the mass of 
 literature they bear, how amazed would they feel, and 
 what a mighty contrast to the old rolls of parchment 
 stored up in the Areopagus. 
 
 A few years since I met with J. J.E.Linton, Esq., of Strat- 
 ford, who was the first Secretary to the first Temperance 
 Society in England or Scotland; it was formed in eighteen 
 hundred and twenty-nine, at Greenock, and llev. Dr. Ed- 
 gar was the man who delivered the first lecture in con- 
 nection therewith. But how mightily has the cause grown ! 
 The little one has become a thousand, and the great secret 
 lies in this, that the smile of, God rests upon the cause, 
 and we have thousands of living witnesses to prove that 
 God has owned the efforts which have been put forth. 
 
 The Temperance tide is flowing; it is reaching the enemy 
 in his stronghold ; its foundations are being undermined ; 
 and the cry will soon be heard, ^" Babylon isfal len." 
 
 
 
 iir f M 
 
 Vi 
 
'1 1 1 
 
 100 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 Blessed be God, there are a noble Cind goodly number 
 engaged against this foe, and let me say to you, Go on! Go 
 on! till the smoke will be seen no more to ascend from 
 yonder distillery chimney. Go on ! till the last tavern 
 door shall be for ever bolted. Go on ! till the last drunk- 
 ard's wife will be seen weeping her life away because of 
 the intemperance of her husband. Go on ! till the last 
 drunkard's child isliall be heard to cry for bread. Go on ! 
 till the very Lost drunkard shall be reclaimed ; until our 
 now drink-cursed earth becomes freed from the greatest 
 curse that can blight a nation. 
 
 Foi this purpose be united. " Union is strength." Take 
 a long pull, and a strong pull, and a pull all together, and 
 you shall succeed. " Stand as an iron pillar, strong and 
 steadfast as a wall of brass." 
 
 Let the past cast its shadows upon the future. We 
 stand upon the vantage ground of David, who, when 
 proud Goliath of Gath dismayed the hosts of Israel, re- 
 solved to face the boaster. For forty days, morning and 
 evening, did the Philistine draw near and hurl his defiant 
 challenge at the Israelites and said, " I defy the armies of 
 Israel this day ; give me a man that we may fight together." 
 But David, with all that dignity which ever character- 
 izes the man who has truth on his side, and God's glory 
 for his aim, determined to meet him. Saul tried to dissuade 
 him, remarking, " Thou art but a youth, and he a man of 
 war from his youth." But David remembered the time 
 when God delivered him out of the paw of the lion and 
 the paw of the bear, and said, " This uncircumcised Philis- 
 tine shall be as one of them." So David chose five smooth 
 
 
 iN»Z 
 
THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 101 
 
 I 
 
 stones out of the brook, which he carefully deposited in 
 his shepherd's bag and went to meet Goliath. " Am I a 
 dog," cried Goliath as David approached, "that thou comest 
 to me with staves?" and he ** cursed David in the name of 
 his gods." " Thou comest to me," answered David, " with 
 a sword and with a spear and with a shield, but I come to 
 thee in the name of the Lord of Hosts, the God of the 
 armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied." " Come to me," 
 tauntingly exclaimed the Philistine, " and I will give thy 
 flesh to the fowls of the air and to the beasts of the field;" 
 and David hasted and put his hand in his bag, selected a 
 stone, placed it carefully in his sling, and breathing the 
 prayer, " thou God of Abraham, thou God of Isaac and 
 of Jacob, let it be known that thou art God in Israel, and 
 that I am thy servant." He winds the sling, the stone 
 enters his forehead, his colossal figure falls upon the 
 ground, while his gore stains the grass. He runs forward, 
 leaps upon his body, and stooping down draws Goliath's 
 sword from its sheath, severs his he.*d from his body, and 
 carries it in triumph to Jerusalem. 
 
 And, friends, a worse and more deadly enemy than Go- 
 liath is amongst us. King Alcohol, a hell-born giant, is not 
 only threatening, but actually destroying thousands of 
 our fellow-beings ; and shall no youthful Davids come for- 
 ward and try to kill and destroy this terrible enemy of 
 God and man ? 
 
 In the midst of difiiculty and opposition we are resolved 
 to labour on, and leave the results to God. Work is ours, 
 brethren, but results belong to God. Then, in the language 
 of Barry Cornwall — 
 
 '■!i^ 
 
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 'ii 
 
102 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 " Weave, brothers, weave ! toil is ours ; but toil is tbe lot of man ; 
 One gathers the fruit ; one gathers the flowers ; one soweth the seed 
 
 again. 
 There is not a creature, from England's King to the peasant that delves 
 
 the soil. 
 That knows half the pleasures the seasons bring, if he have not his share 
 
 of the toil." 
 
 Richard Cobden said : " Every day's experience tends 
 more and more to confirm me in my opinion that the 
 Temperance cause lies at the foundation of all social and 
 political reform ;" and that " out of six hundred and fifty- 
 eight members in the House of Commons, he believed 
 that the men who are the most temperate are the men 
 who bear the fatigue of the House the best. Water 
 drinkers will upset the moral world, and will turn it round 
 with a much better face to us when they have done with 
 it." 
 
 Experience confirms the soundness of Temperance prin- 
 ciples. What is wrong in practice cannot be right in 
 theory. There is danger in drinking while it is safe to 
 abstain. Therefore, "on reason build resolve, that column 
 of true majesty in man." 
 
 I have had ample opportunities of observing the fruit 
 of this great enterprise, and have met with hundreds of 
 the trophies of our cause. I have knelt at the family al- 
 tar of many who a few years ago were uttering the most 
 profane language that ever escaped the lips of mortal, 
 but now instead of blasphemy is heard the voice of 
 prayer and thanksgiving. 
 
 Mr. S was on a spree. Returning home " tight," he 
 
 observed the Sunday-school dismissing and was hurrying 
 
 
 i 
 
 
THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 108 
 
 home. The footpath was too narrow, even the road 
 seemed too narrow, but he got home and la}' down upon 
 his bed. His daughter entered ere he fell asleep, and said 
 " 0, mother, is father drunk again ?" " Hush, child, why 
 do you ask such a question ? " " Because the scholars 
 said they saw him going home and he was drunk, and 
 the road was not broad enough for him to walk upon." 
 He heard this, and said he would never drink another 
 drop. He keeps his pledge like a man, has considerable 
 property, and is doing well. 
 
 , If persons would calmly and thoroughly consider our 
 principles, we think there is nothing in them but what 
 would commend them to every Christian and philanthro- 
 pic mind ; but some have taken up the defensive, and 
 they seem unwilling to throw down the weapons of their 
 warfare. Now it is a bad thing to take up and hold to 
 the wrong side of any question merely for argument 
 sake. There is such a thing as the possibility of getting a 
 squint in one's intellect. There was a man in Cork who 
 was remarkable for looking obliquely, and a young man 
 there prided himself in trying to imitate this poor man, 
 and he would twist and strain his eyes, which exhibited 
 the perfection of infinite knowledge, until at last by his 
 terrible efforts the muscles became unequally contracted 
 or weakened, and he became the most terrible cross-eyed 
 squinter in that entire neighbourhood. So, some persons 
 may, by taking up a false position for the sake of argu- 
 ment or otherwise, beget a squint in their intellect ; hence 
 we would entreat all those who " see and approve of the 
 better but follow the worse," to let nothing hinder them 
 
 
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 104 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
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 from acting a wise and struiglitforward course, and doing 
 that which sound judgment and an enlightened con- 
 science can approve. " To him that knoweth to do good 
 and doeth it not, to him it is sin." O, how much good 
 you might do if you would ! One-half the world seems 
 satisfied with doing nothing but finding fault with what 
 the other half does, instead of trying by earnest individual 
 and united eflfort to make this old world better. 
 
 Sir H. Davy invented a lamp by which he could go 
 down into the coal mines and wander through their sub- 
 terranean passages amidst foul air and gases, and avoid 
 all danger of an explosion. This was a great invention ; 
 and, thank God, if we take the Temperance pl^.dge, and 
 adhere strictly to its principles and be guided by its 
 safe light, we shall avoid all danger of an explosion, and 
 will be enabled to walk through this world without being 
 drawn into the vortex of intemperance. 
 
 Millions in time and millions in eternity have bitter 
 cause for regret that they indulged in the use of alcoholic, 
 stimulants ; but I never knew a man to be sorry for be- 
 ing an abstainer. No, it will plant no thorns in your 
 dying pillow that you have practised and done all in 
 your power to promote the principles of Total Abstinence. 
 
 We want in this conflict men of iron. There are men 
 of clay and men of iron : men who are Temperance men 
 when in company with Temperance men, and tipplers or 
 nobodies when with drinkers ; men who take like the 
 clay the impress of whatsoever they come in contact with ; 
 but there are men of iron, who give their impression to 
 all they come in contact with — who are the same outside 
 
THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 105 
 
 the division that they are inside. O for more of these 
 men of iron ! such as the Hon. Malcolm Cameron, who, 
 when he dined with the Prince at Sarnia — the Prince, 
 who knew Mr. Cameron was a teetotaler, said, when the 
 health of the Queen was proposed, " You will have to 
 take wine now." Mr. Cameron replied, as he filled his 
 glass with water, " The Queen has forty-five thousand as 
 good suhjects in Canada as she has in all her possessions? 
 who will most cordially drink her health, not in wine, but 
 water pure." 
 
 A. Lincoln, the late President of the United States, at 
 a public dinner was asked to drink. ** No, gentlemen," 
 he replied, " I have drank none for fifty years, and I'll 
 not begin now." 
 
 I remember hearing the late lamented Simeon Morrill, of 
 London, Ont., state that at a great dinner party, the late Sir 
 
 took advantage of his (Simeon Morrill) conversing 
 
 with a friend, and poured some liquor into his glass. It was 
 not unobserved, however, and when all rose to drink, he 
 sat still. All waited until a waiter took away his glass, 
 gave him a clean one with fresh water, which he filled, 
 
 and then all drank. That day Sir was so drunk that 
 
 Mr. M. had to assist him into his carriage, and Sir 
 
 exclaimed, " Well, thank God the horses are sober." Truly, 
 after all, the Temperance men have the best of it. 
 
 BE TRUE TO YOUR PRINCIPLES. 
 
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 Some there are who take offence and leave the ranks 
 for very trifling causes indeed. Now, what would you 
 think of a soldier in Her Majesty's service who would go 
 
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 106 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
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 up to his officer and say, " I want to leave the army ?" 
 " Why ? " asks the officer. " Because I don't like so-and- 
 so," Would not that man deserve to be branded with the 
 title coward and deserter ? Then let no paltry thing ever 
 lead us to betray that cause which we have espoused, and 
 which should be dear to every Temperance man. 
 
 I remember well how I was sneered at when I em- 
 braced the principles of Total Abstinence. Some take par- 
 ticular pleasure in teasing those who become enlightened 
 on this question ; but generally they come off worst. 
 There were three young men that resolved to do what no 
 young man should, namely, to take a "rise" out of an old 
 man, or to sport with old age. So they made it up that 
 they would have fine fun. The first went out, and as he 
 met the old man he said, " Good morning, father Abra- 
 ham." " Good morning, young man," replied the old gen- 
 tleman. The second said, " Good morning, father Isaac." 
 " Good morning, young man." The third said, *' Good 
 morning, father Jacob." " I'm neither father Abraham, 
 father Isaac, nor father Jacob," replied the old man ; " but 
 I'm Saul, the son of Kish, who went out in search of his 
 father's asses, and lo! I have found them." Those who 
 will not join us won't make anything by taunting us who 
 have embraced the cause of humanity and the cause of 
 God. 
 
 ?lie Westminster Review, which was once one of the 
 riiiest enemies of Total Abstinence, has now changed 
 
 JLJ' 
 
 I's op'nion, and instead of winking at the evils of this 
 tn^^fic, is now bold in exposing the horrible results which 
 flow from this abominable system. It declares that " it 
 
 ^! 
 
THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 107 
 
 the 
 iged 
 Ithis 
 Ihich 
 
 "it 
 
 is impossible to exaggerate the evils of intemperance," 
 and that " drunkenness is Britain's curse." 
 
 We have no hesitation in stating that the pledge is a 
 great safeguard. Suppose that on your way home you 
 were obliged to cross a broad, deep river ; here was a nar- 
 row plank dangerous to walk upon, and yonder was a 
 broad, substantial bridge, with side railings and every- 
 thing perfectly secure. Now, were the waves roaring be- 
 neath, the lightning playing around you, and the wind 
 blowing a perfect hurricane, over which would you cross ? 
 I know the ladies would choose the broad, substantial 
 bridge, with side railing attached, that they could lay 
 hold of. Well, this is the Temperance bridge, on which 
 you may walk in perfect safety. But the other is the 
 narrow plank of moderation ; every step you take it 
 springs, and over it thousands have been precipitated and 
 engulphed in the abyss of intemperance. 
 
 See that large mercantile establishment in flames. The 
 merchant has one consolation: he has a patent fire- 
 proof safe ; his books, his notes, his cash are there ; he is 
 not totally ruined ; he can start again. Oh, drunkard, 
 enter our Lodge and adhere to our principles and you are 
 safe. 
 
 Total Abstinence is our watchword ! Nothing less will 
 do, poor inebriate. You may be sincere to amend your 
 ways, but 'tis useless ; you must entirely abstain. See 
 that poor shipwrecked mariner ; he grasps a straw ; he 
 lays hold on a bubble ; but it vanishes — not that he was 
 insincere, not that he was indifferent about saving his 
 life, but the object at which he seized was incapable of 
 
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 108 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 saving him. And so, poor inebriate, if you grasp at mo- 
 deration it will prove a straw. Nothing less than total 
 abstinence can save you. 
 
 What a sermon, too, on the blessings of Temperance is 
 contained in the few lines in the third scene of the se- 
 cond act of " As you Like It," when Adam says to his 
 young master : 
 
 " Let me be your servant ! 
 Though I look old, yet I am strong and lusty ; 
 For in my youth I never did apply 
 Hot and rebellious liquors in my blood ; 
 Nor did not with unabashful forehead woo 
 The means of weakness and debility ; 
 Therefore my age is as a lusty winter, 
 Frosty but kindly. Let me go with you ; 
 I'll do the service of a younger man 
 In all your business and necessities." 
 
 There is a passage in classic history where a man was 
 brought up accused of being a traitor. His friend, who 
 had rendered eminent services to his country, and in his 
 country's struggles had lost his arm in its defence, lifted 
 it up, and the Court felt the force of this silent appeal and 
 he was acquitted. So the wounds and scars of those 
 who have been injured by drink appeal to you. 
 
 At a wedding party in the Eastern States the bride 
 was asked just to taste in honour of the company ; she, how- 
 ever, refused. Her husband and her father entreated her 
 just to put it to her lips. They urged so strongly 
 that she took it in her hand, and holding it up between 
 her and the light she started back uttering a loud scream. 
 " Ah '" said she, " what a fearful sight." " What did you 
 
THE TEMPERANCE ENTEKPRISE. 
 
 109 
 
 see?" " Away on yonder lone bank of a river in Cali- 
 fornia lies a young man once beloved by his friends and 
 all who knew him, with none but a lone comrade to wipe 
 the damp sweat from his fevered brow, while the horrible 
 * delirium tremens ' burnt up his very heart's blood. 
 The demon Drink killed him. That loved one was my oul}' 
 brother ; his lone comrade is now my husband. Father, 
 shall I drink it V " No !" uttered the father, as he wept. 
 "Husband, shall I drink it?" "No! no!" uttered the 
 husband. Then appealing to the company, she said, 
 *' Friends, shall I drink it ? " " No !" responded every voice, 
 and the entire company j6ined in the pledge. 
 
 There are two courses open for us : the one is to fold 
 our arms and allow the demon Drink to go on doing its 
 work of death ; the other is to arise in all our might, 
 majesty and power, and fight against the foe that threat- 
 ens our homes. 
 
 " THE SHIP OF STATE." 
 
 Thou, too, sail on, O ship of state — 
 
 Sail on, Temperance, strong and great ; 
 
 Humanity with all its fears, 
 
 With all its hopes of future years, 
 Is breathless, longing on thy fate. '■ 
 
 We know what master laid thy keel, 
 What workmen wrought thy ribs of steel, 
 
 Who made each mast and sail and rope ; 
 What anvils rang, what hammers beat, 
 In what a forge and what a heat 
 
 Were shaped the anchors of our hope. 
 
 Heed not each sudden sound and shock, 
 'Tis but the wave and not the rock ; 
 
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 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 'Tis but the flapping of a sail, 
 
 And not a rent made by the gale. 
 In spite of rock and tempest's roar, 
 In spite of false lights on the sho re, 
 
 Sail on ; nor fear to breast the sea — 
 
 Our hearts, our hopes are all with thee. 
 Our hearts, our hopes, our prayers, our tears, 
 Our faith triumphant o'er our fears, 
 
 Axe all with thee I are all with thee I 
 
 '1.' 
 
 
LECTUEE V. 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 IT is well for humanity that public opinion has changed, 
 so that now it is not so fashionable to treat^as in years 
 gone by. A man may now be a total abstainer even at 
 the table of Her Most Gracious Majesty, without being 
 called either a fanatic or an enthusiast. And yet how 
 slow some men are to profit by observation and experience. 
 When the centenary of Robert Bums was celebrated, the 
 poem which took the prize read as follows : — 
 
 " Yet while thy fate all Scotia mourns, 
 We'll drink whene'er this day returns, 
 The memory of Kobert Bums, 
 Here about and far awa'." # 
 
 Here they acknowledge that drink was the failing of 
 Scotia's noblest bard, and yet they quaff the deadly cup. 
 I believe that much of the cause of Burns' folly was attri- 
 butable to the drinking customs of the age in which he 
 lived. No one could be more strongly impressed with the 
 injurious effects of drink than the bard himself, for on one 
 occasion he exclaimed, " Drink is the devil to me ; " while 
 on another occasion, writing to a lady, he remarks, " The 
 people would not appreciate my company if I did not 
 give them a slice of my constitution." Methinks if his 
 
 
112 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 V i 
 
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 II I 
 
 spirit had been permitted to visit our earth on the night 
 of that great celebration, he would have flown across the 
 land, and, with his broad pinions, have swept from every 
 table every decanter filled to his memory. 
 
 In the lines of the late lamented James Montgomery, on 
 Bums, he says : — 
 
 "Oh I had he never stoop'd to shame, 
 Nor lent a chann to vice, 
 How had devotion lov'd to name 
 That bird of paradise." 
 
 It is the patronage and example of professors of religion, 
 and persons holding important and influential positions in 
 society, which keep up these customs. Suppose a young 
 man would go to Toronto, and as he passes up Yonge 
 Street he is accosted by a poor old degraded drunkard, 
 with the elbows out of his coat and the crown out of his 
 hat, and asked, *' Hallo, young fellow, will you come and 
 have a glass ? " " No," he utters, if he deigns to reply 
 at all; he is quite offended and insulted. But let him 
 visit the house of a clergyman, and observe that minister 
 partake moderately of the same, and quite another impres- 
 sion is made upon his mind ; or let him go and visit his 
 sweetheart. Now, in Ireland when young gentlemen go 
 " sparking," they go on horseback ; and in whatever else 
 we may excel Irishmen, I think that in sitting a horse 
 Irishmen, in general, can beat Canadians. One young 
 Irishman, who was anxious to win the affections of a 
 noble and beautiful heiress, and knowing that it was most 
 important to be proficient in horsemanship, would go 
 out by moonlight and practise. While reading the news- 
 
 1 1 
 
OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 113 
 
 paper one day his eye caught an advertisement, "Chifthey's 
 Receipt for Horse Riding ; price ten shillings. Any per- 
 son remitting the amount in postage stamps, or by post- 
 office order, will receive copy by return." He mailed the 
 money, and back came the receipt, as follows : — 
 
 " Your head and your heart keep boldly up, 
 Your hands and your feet keep down, 
 Your legs keep close to your horse's side. 
 And your elbows close to your own." 
 
 This was all he got for his ten shillings. But suppose 
 you were going to see your sweetheart, not on horseback, 
 but in your gay cutter, with the bells tingling, jingling. 
 Bells, merry bells ! And it is astonishing what excuses 
 young gentlemen make when they want to be permitted 
 an opportunity of seeing their sweethearts. One says he 
 is sorry to hear the young lady's mamma has caught a severe 
 cold, and he was driving past and just called to inquire 
 after her health. This is kissing the child for the sake of 
 the nurse, or courting the mother for the sake of the 
 daughter. At last the wine and cakes are produced, and 
 the young lady holds up the glass with the sparkling 
 wine and says, ** Will you have a little drop ?" William 
 looks not so much at the glass, nor even what it contains, 
 as at the delicate hand that holds it, and as he gazes he 
 becomes enamoured. " What a pity that I'm not an 
 artist! what a model for an artist's pencil!" But the 
 lady breaks the spell, and says softly, " William, won't you 
 take a little ? " " Thank you, Miss " — bows gfacofully, 
 an(J sips it up. Young man, that was the very same liquor 
 that the old drunkard in Toronto wanted you to drink, 
 
114 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
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 and which you spiimed ; hut when it was presented under 
 pleasanter circumstances you accept it. When the drunk- 
 ard offers it, you would not be seen in such company ; but 
 when the minister or the beautiful young lady offers it, 
 it appears desirable. 
 
 I know something of this so-called drinking for friend- 
 ship. I do not covet the friendship that is formed over 
 the bottle and glass — it is the most hollow under the sun, 
 and of it we may, with Goldsmith, inquire — 
 
 ** What is friendship but a name, ' 
 
 A charm that lulls to sleep ; 
 A shade that follows wealth and fame, 
 And leaves the wretch to weep ?" 
 
 The folly of drinking is illustrated in the following : 
 A German nobleman once visited Great Britain. 
 Wherever he went during a six months' tour, he was, by 
 custom, compelled to drink in honour of King, Queen, 
 Church, State, Army and Navy ; at last his visit drew to 
 a close, and, in a measure to requite the kindness he had 
 received, he provided a sumptuous banquet, and feasted his 
 friends to their hearts' content. The tables were cleared and 
 the servants entered with two immense hams ; slices were 
 cut and handed to each, and the host rose and with all 
 gravity said, " Gentlemen, I give you the King ; please eat 
 to his honour." His guests protested they had dined, but 
 the host was inflexible. " Gentlemen," said the nobleman, 
 " for six months you have compelled me to drink at your 
 bidding ; is it too much that you should now eat at mine ? 
 I have been submissive ; why should you not follow toy 
 example ? You will please, gentlemen, do honour to your 
 
 
 h i 1 
 
OBJECTIONS CONStDERED. 
 
 115 
 
 King; you shall then be served with another slice in 
 honour of the Queen, another to the health of the Royal 
 Family, another to the Army, &c., &c., to the end of the 
 chapter." 
 
 All who drink do not become drunkards ! No, thank 
 God, all who drink do not become drunkards ; but because 
 all who use alcoholic stimulants do not become intempe- 
 rate, is that any reason why we should countenance the 
 drinking customs of society, which have been the cause of 
 all the drunkenness which abounds to such an alarming 
 extent in our midst ? And while all who have used strong 
 drink have not been victimised by its fatal and seductive 
 power, still, who can count the number of the unhappy 
 victims which have been borne down the damnable stream, 
 and engulphed in the horrid sea of intemperance ? 
 
 The mighty problem cannot be solved by all on earth ; 
 it will require the day of judgment and eternity to re- 
 veal the number and doom of those unfortunate persons 
 who have been ruined by this terrible source of misery, 
 the drinking usages. 
 
 Suppose a mad dog was running at large through your 
 neighbourhood, and just as you were about to pull the trig- 
 ger, a friend stepped up and said, " Don't shoot that dog ; it 
 won't bite everybody." " I know that," say you, " but he 
 may bite somebody;" and while it is not likely that every 
 one will be bit, yet a strong probability that some one or 
 more persons may, justifies you in destroying the life 
 of the dog. And so in regard to drink, because it is morally 
 certain that if the drinking customs of society are con- 
 tinued, as a consequence some will become drunkards. 
 
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 116 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 One reason why some men don't become drunkards is, 
 because they are too close-fisted ; there are some such 
 creatures in the world. A preacher once went to his steward 
 and requested so many pounds to relieve the wants of his 
 family : " Oh, I see it's for mon63'- you preach, and not for 
 the good of souls," responded the steward. " I can't eat souls, 
 sir," said the injured pastor, " and even if I could it would 
 take a thousand such as yours to make a meal." I have 
 heard of a man whose soul was so small that it could stand 
 on the point of a needle, and leave room for a fiddler to dance 
 round it ; but whether this be truth or fiction, we know 
 most positively that there are some persons remarkably 
 stingy. Why, when some men lift a five cent piece with 
 their finger and thumb, if it were a living thing it would 
 groan ; and if they press a Yankeu quarter between their 
 finger and thumb, you can almost hear the eagle scream. 
 
 These are not the men who are likely to become drunk- 
 ards ; it is not your niggardly, miserly, stingy, selfish 
 men, but rather those kind, generous, liberal, whole-souled 
 men, who love not pelf but company, who are fond of so- 
 ciety, who like a good laugh, a well-sung song, or a humo- 
 rous joke ; it is men of intellect, men who are open, manly 
 and generous ; it is the most promising, noble and glorious 
 specimens of lordly creation that become the victims to 
 this traffic ; it is the choicest, the kindest and the best who 
 are ruined by drink. 
 
 Gaze upon the sea of life. See the innumerable number 
 of skiffs which sail on said sea, every one of them with 
 an immortal soul on board. Behold the rocks that rise 
 threatening destruction to those frail skiffs. Here is the 
 
 A 
 
OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 117 
 
 rock of ambition, there the rock of self, yonder the rock 
 of the love of money ; but there is one rock against which 
 I perceive more shipwrecked than all the rest, and that is 
 Intemperance. 
 
 Judge Ray, Temperance lecturer, in one of his efforts 
 got off the following hard hit at "moderate drinkers :" 
 
 " All those who in youth acquire a habit of drinking 
 whisky, at forty years of age will be total abstainers or 
 drunkards. No one can use whisky for forty years with 
 moderation. If there is a person now in the audience be- 
 fore me whose experience disputes this, let him make it 
 known. I will account for it, or acknowledge that I am 
 mistaken." 
 
 A tall, large man rose, and folding his arms across 
 his breast, said : — 
 
 "I offer myself as one whose experience contradicts 
 your statement." 
 
 " Are you a moderate drinker ?" »sked the Judge. 
 
 "lam." 
 
 " How long have you drank in moderation, did you say ?' 
 
 " Forty years." 
 
 " And never intoxicated T v 
 
 " Never." 
 
 " Well," remarked the Judge, scanning his subject closely 
 from head to foot, " yours is a singular case ; yet I think 
 it is easily accounted for. I am reminded by it of a little 
 story : — 
 
 " A coloured man, with a loaf of bread and a bottle of 
 whisky, sat down to dine on the bank of a clear stream. 
 In breaking the bread he dropped some crumbs into the 
 
 lip; 
 
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 118 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 water. These were eagerly seized and eaten by the fish. 
 That circumstance suggested to the darkey the idea of 
 dipping the bread in the whisky and feeding it to them. 
 He tried it. It worked well. 
 
 " Some of the fish ate of it, became dnink, and floated 
 helpless on the surface. In this way he easily caught a 
 large nimiber. 
 
 " But in the stream was a large fish, very unlike the rest. 
 It partook freely of the bread and whisky, with no per- 
 ceptible effect whatever. It was shy of every effort of 
 the darkey to take it. He resolved to have it at all 
 hazards, that he might learn its nature if possible. 
 
 " He procured a net, and after much effort caught it, 
 carried it to a coleured neighbour, and asked his opinion on 
 the matter. ^ 
 
 " The other surveyed the wonder a moment, and then 
 said — f 
 
 " * Sambo, I under^ands dis case. Dis fish is a mullet 
 head ; it ain't got any brains — dat's so.' " 
 
 " In other words," added the Judge, " you are all aware 
 that alcohol aflfects only the brain, and of course those 
 having none may drink without injury." 
 
 The storm of laughter which followed drove the "moder- 
 ate drinker" suddenly from the house. 
 
 We admit that there are some instances where men who 
 drink hard live to a ripe old age. But every old toper is 
 a Decoy Duck, and no more proves that it is safe to drink 
 and not become a drunkard, than the pensioner proves 
 that it is safe to go to the field of battle and not be shot. 
 While that veteran has returned, how many of his noble 
 
 
OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 119 
 
 comrades have fallen on the field and been buried on a 
 foreign shore ! So while that man who for ten, twenty, or 
 fifty years has practised drinking and has not become a 
 drunkard (in the common acceptation of the term), how 
 many, oh! how many of his moderate drinking companions 
 have been ruined by drink. 
 
 DRINK STIMULATBaL 
 
 Now, WO teetotalers are in good spirits because we 
 drink no spirits, and I would not give the snap of my 
 fingers for the man who could not be in good spirits with- 
 out the aid of a false spirit. What advantage would it 
 be for me to get my watch to beat seventy ticks this mi- 
 nute, and fifty the next ? So with alcoholic stimulants 
 I grant that it puts a false spirit in a man for the time 
 being, but afterwards comes the depression; for as a 
 natural consequence, just in proportion to the elevation 
 produced by spirituous liquors will be the languor that 
 will necessarily ensue. Alcohol is a transient blaze, and 
 the excitement produced by its use is like that of putting 
 straw upon the fire : it gives a blaze for the moment, but 
 soon expires and leaves the fire more languid than before. 
 
 When you spur your horse, or come down upon his back 
 with a loaded whip, does that impart any more strength 
 to the animal? No, it does not. No more does strong 
 drink to man. While men under its influence may exert 
 themselves beyond that which is prudent, let them remem- 
 ber that those who violate the laws of nature must pay 
 the penalty. It is said that alcohol was first invented one 
 thousand years ago, and used to stain the cheeks of the 
 
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120 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
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 ladies of Arabia, and still it continues to redden portions 
 of the human countenance. 
 
 It helps the imagination, say some of strong poetic ge- 
 nius. The truth is, some imagine good of drink, and evil of 
 the Temperance movement. In some cases, however, we 
 belies ' o*. ejectors are correct, and admit that it does 
 assist the imagination. 
 
 In the parish of Auchtermurchie, in Scotland, there lived 
 two weavers (to those unacquainted with that ti-uly mag- 
 nificent I ^oc V we would remark that it is not all 
 covered witl' tic'* i-r r ; nor do all the inhabitants wear kilts ; 
 nor ij iheir ^hJef 'I'<?t rjomposed of Scotch haggis, peas 
 meal, biDS(^ and ^^:r« . >■. vrhisky), who were remark- 
 ably intelligent — one vol' tbciii was a great astronorjier — but 
 their fault was this, they were too fond of a spree. On 
 this occasion they had "drowned the miller," and John 
 the astronomer lay down on the bank of a stream and was 
 quite unconscious; his companion was not quite so much 
 intoxicated, and after a time lost sight of his friend. So 
 he went about, crying, "John, wharareyel" At last John, 
 awaking from his slumber, looked down into the river, 
 where he beheld the moon reflected beautifully on the 
 placid waters, and exclaimed, " I dinna ken, but I ken yae 
 thing. I'm far abin the moon onyway." So it does help 
 the imagination. 
 
 "For bring a Scoteman frae his hill, 
 Clap in his cheek a Highland gill. 
 Say such is Royal Georgie's will, 
 
 And there's the foe ; 
 He has nae thought but how he'll kill 
 
 Twaatablow." 
 
 
OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 121 
 
 Men under the influence of strong drink often imagine 
 themselves wonderfully clever, and think that they can 
 do almost anything, while in reality they can do very 
 Httle. 
 
 A woman in Glasgow was at the grocer's lajnng in 
 her week's meal, but she had made too free with liquor. 
 Returning home, she carried the child in one arm and the 
 meal in the other ; at length, reaching home, she deposited 
 the bag of meal in the cradle and placed the child in the 
 press. Shortly after it began to scream, and the mother 
 rocked the cradle with all her might. At last a neighboi*r 
 woman entered. " What's the matter wi' the wean ? " she 
 asked. " I dinna ken," responded the mother ; " I'm doing 
 a' I can to quiet it, but it will no be guid a' I can dae." 
 Then the woman pulled down the blanket to raise the 
 child, but, lo ! it was a bag of meal. So the mother, 
 under the influence of liquor, imagined that her baby had 
 been converted into a bag of meal. 
 
 Dr. Cooke was once about to hire an Irish jaunting-car, 
 when another driver accosted him with' " Don't take that 
 man's horse, your honour ; he'll never carry you ; take my 
 horse, your honour." " Is your horse trustworthy ? " in- 
 quired the doctor. " Yes, your honour," replied the car- 
 driver ; " he's a illigant horse ; he's a poet of ahorse, your 
 honour." The doctor, struck with the element of poetry 
 in a quadruped, got upon the car. They had not pro- 
 ceeded far, however, till they reached an acclivity in the 
 road, when suddenly the horse came to a dead stand- 
 " You rascal, you," said the doctor; "is that the value of 
 your word ? Didn't you say he was a poet of a horse ? " 
 
 
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122 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
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 " And so he is, your honour," returned the car-driver, as 
 he came down upon the poor animal with his loaded whip ; 
 ** he's no thin' else than a poet ; sure he's better in the 
 imagination than the performance." So persons under the 
 influence of alcohol are generally better in the imagina" 
 tion than in the performance. 
 
 IT STRENGTHENS. 
 
 Notwithstanding all the light that science has thrown' 
 upon the question, there are still some who seem to en- 
 tertain the idea that intoxicating drink possesses strength- 
 ening qualities. 
 
 There is a great difference, I would remark here, be- 
 tween strong drink and strengthening drink. A few 
 glasses of strong drink will knock the strongest man down; 
 but strengthening drink, or pure cold water, will strength- 
 en, refresh and invigorate all those vho partake of this 
 health -giving, heaven-sent beverage. 
 
 It has been demonstrated that in two glasses of sherry 
 wine there is not more nourishment than is contained in 
 one kernel of wheat, and that in a gallon of ale there is 
 not more than is contained in a pennyworth of bread. 
 
 But to take an illustration from the Prize Ring. Let me 
 ask what was it that Sayers and Heenan drank when 
 they were being brought into condition for the great 
 ** National Prize Fight ?" Was it liquor ? Not one drop 
 were they permitted to take. What, then, did they 
 drink ? Pure cold water. It was this that was to brace 
 their nerves and bring them up into condition, and by it 
 tihey were made perfect specimens of pugilistic training j 
 
 1 
 
OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 123 
 
 l^i 
 
 and when they stripped on the field and commenced that 
 awful combat, as they struck at each other it resembled 
 the beating upon a new drum. 
 
 As a proof of the superiority of cold water over strong 
 drink, none but abstainers could endure the requisite 
 fatigue at casting the shot for the Lancaster gun at Wool- 
 wich Arsenal. 
 
 I have had many years' experience myself of the cold 
 water principle, and I am bold to assert that I believe we 
 are better able to endure either heat or cold, work of the 
 body or work of the brain, prosperity or adversity, upon 
 cold water than upon alcoholic stimulants. During the 
 first and second days of January, 1864, 1 had occasion to 
 travel to fill my appointments, and while some of those 
 with whom I travelled had constantly to resort to the aid 
 of stimulants, I can say, without any boasting, that I en- 
 dured the cold much better than those who drank liquor. 
 
 the days are gone when claret bright inspired my strain, 
 When I sang on every festive night, Bright Champagne, 
 Prime thirty-four in floods may pour, and glasses gaily clatter, 
 But there's nothing half so safe to drink as plain cold water. 
 
 The bard may make a greater noise over his wine. 
 When with other Bacchanalian boys he chances to dine ; 
 But if he wake with a headache, and wonders what's the matter, 
 He'll find there's nought so safe to drink as plain cold water. 
 
 There's Dr. Hazel ; he proclaims that water's full 
 
 Of curious brutes in every pool. 
 
 If this be true, it seems to you a most important matter, 
 
 For there is meat as well as drii^ in plain cold water. 
 
 Professor Clark, of Aberdeen, says chalk is there, 
 And Monsieur Chattin iodine finds everywhere. 
 
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124 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 If that be true, it seems to you a most important matter, 
 
 For there's meat, and drink, and physic, too, in plain cold water. 
 
 Why, take but one drop of pure water and put it upon 
 a flower, and it will bloom and send forth a heavenly 
 fragrance ; but put a drop of alcohol upon it and it will 
 die. 
 
 Give one glass of spirituous liquor to the thirsty 
 traveller upon the sandy desert of Arabia and he will 
 turn away from it with loathing ; but offer him a glass of 
 cold water and he will drink it to the dregs, quench his 
 thirst, and return the glass heaped with gold, if he has it 
 in his possession. 
 
 ** Better than gold is the water cold, 
 ' From the crystal fountain flowing ; 
 
 ' ■■' A calm delight, both day and night. 
 
 To happy homes bestowing." 
 
 Dr. Livingstone, the great African explorer, states : " I 
 have acted upon the principle of Total Abstinence from all 
 intoxicating liquors for more than twenty years. My own 
 opinion is that the most severe labours or privations may 
 be undergone without alcoholic stimulants, because those 
 of us who have endured the most had nothing else than 
 water to drink." 
 
 Sir Charles Napier says : " When I was in India, I was 
 tumbled over by the heat with apoplexy, and 43 others 
 were struck, all Europeans, and all died within three 
 hours except myself. The sun had no ally in the liquor 
 amongst my brains. I do not drink." 
 
 I look upon the testimony of Captain Kennedy, who 
 commanded the " Prince Albert," in Lady Franklin's pri- 
 
 I i. 
 
 S' 
 
OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 125 
 
 vate expedition to the Arctic regions, as one of the strong- 
 est proofs on record in favour of Total Abstinence. The 
 " Prince Albert " was one of thirteen vessels that sailed in 
 search of Sir John Franklin in that year. It was the only 
 one equipped upon Total Abstinence principles, and it 
 accomplished more than any of the rest : 
 
 1st. By going out at a season when no other vessel 
 would venture out. 
 
 2nd. It travelled further in one extended track than 
 any other expedition. 
 
 3rd. It had less than other expeditions with which to 
 accomplish it. ■ 
 
 The " Prince Albert," with 18 of a crew of Total 
 Abstainers, with stinted means, accomplished four times 
 the distance that Sir James Ross with 180 men and abun- 
 dant means accomplished ; and although the men suffered 
 from snow blindness, Arctic lameness, hunger and thirst, 
 yet Captain Kennedy brought home every man he took 
 out with him, which 'none of the rest did ; and when the 
 " Prince Albert " arrived at Aberdeen it was remarked 
 that they never saw a crew return from an Arctic voyage 
 in such excellent health and spirits as the brave cold water 
 crew belonging to the '' Prince Albert." 
 
 The Duke of Wellington, when being examin ed before 
 the House of Commons with relation to drink in the 
 army, on being asked the question, "Are spirituous liquors 
 injurious to the soldiers ? " answered, in his laconic style, 
 " Invariably injurious." 
 
 A student once, contrary to the rules of the institution 
 with which he stood connected, had brought into the 
 
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126 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
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 college a barrel of ale. One of the professors on hearing 
 of it took the young gentleman to task, and asked how it 
 was that he broke the rules of the college by causing a 
 barrel of ale to be brought into it ? To which he replied, 
 by way of excusing himself, " I find that it strengthens 
 me." " Prove it — prove it," cried the professor. " Well," 
 said the student, " when that barrel was brought here, I 
 could not move it, but now I can lift it and carry it any- 
 where." The secret was, he had emptied its contents, and 
 hence it became a very easy matter for him to lift it. So 
 ■do some people try to prove that it strengthens them. 
 
 INSTEAD OP RELIGION. 
 
 You teetotalers place Temperance in place of Religion. 
 
 Now, in all my experience I never knew a man who did 
 so. In all my intercourse with teetotalers I never met 
 a man who rested his hopes of salvation upon his being 
 an abstainer ; but while it is not religion, we rejoice to 
 know that it subserves the interests of religion, and has 
 in many cases proved to be a stepping-stone to that higher 
 life. 
 
 If temperance, without being religion, will subserve 
 the sublime interests of religion — if it will raise men from 
 the gutter, and bring them " clothed and in their right 
 mind " to the house of God, it is deserving of the appro- 
 val and co-operation of every Christian man. 
 
 One of the most useful and consistent members of the 
 W. M. Church in Portadown was once a poor miserable 
 drunkard, so vile and low that the Church seemed to 
 have no hope nor to take any interest in so worthless a 
 
 
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janng 
 low it 
 sing a 
 splied, 
 gthens 
 Well," 
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 it any- 
 bs, and 
 it. So 
 
 eligion. 
 irhodid 
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 ibservo 
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 OBJECTIONS CONSiDERED. 
 
 127 
 
 wretch ; but the Temperance cause laid hold of him, and 
 the labours of those men were owned of God in reclaim- 
 ing him from his awful position. He became sober, obtained 
 work, acquired means to purchase clothes, which enabled 
 him to attend public worship, found religion, and became 
 one of the brightest ornaments of Christianity in that 
 entire neighbourhood. 
 
 The farmer, while he tills the soil and sows the seed, 
 does not despise, ignore, or undervalue the gracious Pro- 
 vidence which causes the dew to descend, the light and 
 warmth of the sun to beam upon, and the refreshing 
 showers of rain to fructify and mature the crop ; no more 
 do we lightly esteem the preaching of t^ it ever-blessed 
 Word which is "the power of God unto salvation to every 
 one that belie veth." But we believe that this movement i» 
 like the rolling away of the stone * rom the door of the 
 sepulchre ; and as human power was acknowledged and 
 exerted at the door of the sepulchre, we believe God own» 
 and acknowledges the labour of his servants in this enter- 
 prise, as preparing the way in myriads of cases for the 
 hearing and reception of divine truth and the further dis- 
 plays of the divine goodness. Would to God that we had 
 more Hezekiahs (2 Chron., 30th chap., 14th verse), wha 
 were anxious that every idolatrous altar should be des- 
 troyed. And oh ! how many have, by using strong 
 drink, been led to neglect the worship of the true God,, 
 and to bow down to the god Bacchus ! 
 
 But there were no Temperance Societies in Apostolic 
 days. 
 
 We read nothing about that, neither do we read about 
 
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128 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 hospitals, colleges and Sabbath-schools ; and would you 
 think that a justifiable reason why we should not have 
 such ? God has given us his word as the rule of our faith 
 and practice, and we are bound to do good to all men. 
 And if we can do men good by our labours in this depart- 
 ment, we are doing that which, though not directly com- 
 manded, is acceptable and well-pleasing in the sight of 
 God. 
 
 PAUL'S ADVICE TO TIMOTHY. 
 
 But did not Paul say to Timothy (1st Tim., 5th chap., 
 23rd verse), " Drink no longer water, but use a little wine 
 for thy stomach's sake, and thine often infirmities ?" 
 
 Now, the quantity of wine prescribed was small, and 
 the kind medicinal ; it was for his stomach's sake, not for 
 his palate's sake ! Now, there was in use when this direc- 
 tion was given, the pure blood of the grape as well as fer- 
 mented and intoxicating wines ; and we know that 
 alcohol, when used frequently and in quantity, pro- 
 duces inflammation of this organ. And we belie <^e the 
 Apostle was a man of too good judgment to recommend 
 anything that would be injurious to his patient ; but what- 
 ever may have been the description of wine recommended, 
 up f,o the time of the prescription Timothy was a cold 
 water man. 
 
 But how is it that so many doctors still recommend 
 wine, &c. ? 
 
 There may be many answers given to this question. 
 It may be because they really think it essential Some 
 well-meaning M.D.'s are much mistaken in reference to 
 the value and quality of this article, or it may be that the 
 
OBJKCTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 129 
 
 you 
 .have 
 faith 
 men. 
 epart- 
 j com- 
 ight of 
 
 chap., 
 
 [e wine 
 I) 
 
 ill, and 
 not for 
 3 direc- 
 as fer- 
 that 
 pro- 
 vre the 
 imend 
 Itwhat- 
 ended, 
 a cold 
 
 imend 
 
 lestion. 
 
 Some 
 
 ice to 
 
 lat the 
 
 doctor knows his patient is fond of it, or that the doctor 
 is fond of it himself, and that in recommending ifc to others 
 it may have a reacting influence ; but whatever be the 
 reasons some have for almost on all occasions recommend- 
 ing this article, we know that upwards of 2,000 physicians 
 have certified : 
 
 1st. That a very large proportion of poverty, disease and 
 crime is induced by the use of alcoholic stimulants 
 as beverages. . • 
 
 2nd. That the most perfect health is compatible with 
 
 • total abstinence from all intoxicating beverages. 
 3rd. That persons accustomed to such drinks may with 
 perfect safety give them up, either at once, or gra- 
 dually after a short time. 
 4th. That total and universal abstinence from these be- 
 verages would greatly contribute to the health, pros- 
 perity, morality and happiness of the human race. 
 
 THE MARRIAGE IN CANA. 
 
 " But did not our blessed Lord make wine at the mar- 
 riage in Cana ? " He did ; but if 1 cannot prove that it 
 wjis unintoxicating wine, no more can you prove that it 
 was intoxicating : besides, there is a strong probability 
 that it was not intoxicating. Let us suppose, fii'st, that 
 this wine was unintoxicating, (and we think this reason- 
 able), because we cannot imagine that the blessed Saviour, 
 who said, "If ye being evil know how to give good gilts 
 unto your children," would give that wine which Solomon 
 declares to be a mocker, that which " biteth like a serpent 
 and stingeth like an adder." Or let us suppose, secondly, 
 
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 130 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 that it was intoxicating wine ; then the language of the 
 Governor would indicate that they had drank enough, 
 for he remarked, " After they had well drank." Can you 
 believe it possible that the adorable Redeemer would, 
 *'• after they had well drank." provide them with eighty to 
 one hundred and twenty gallons more, while Solomon de- 
 clares that " no drunkard shall inherit the kingdom of 
 heaven ?" 'Tis monstrous to think that he who " tempt- 
 eth no man " would act thus while he declares " Woe 
 unto him that putteth the bottle to his neighbour's 
 
 m 
 
 mouth." Again : it was customary to produce inferior 
 wine at the last, when they would not be able to detect 
 it ; but here they observed at once that the last was the 
 best, which is strong evidence in favour of the view that 
 it was unintoxicating. People have difficulty in under- 
 derstanding how anything unintoxicating in its nature 
 can be called wine ; but it is simply prejudice. Pliny 
 states that there were three hundred and ninety-five 
 kinds of wine, only one of which would burn. Captain 
 Freatt states that when he was travelling in the south 
 coast of Italy in eighteen hundred and forty-five, that 
 the wines most esteemed were sweet and unintoxicating. 
 
 I am no linguist, but this I can see, that there is a wine 
 mentioned in Scripture which has the approval of God, 
 and there is also wine which has his disapprobation, and 
 I cannot think that that which is pronounced a blessing can 
 possibly be the same as that which is pronounced a 
 curse. 
 
 *' But is it not a good creature of God ? " I answer, no 
 alcohol exists in the natural condition of an3rthing in 
 
OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 131 
 
 of the 
 jnough, 
 ^an you 
 would, 
 [ghty to 
 non de- 
 rdom of 
 * tempt- 
 i "Woe 
 arhbour's 
 inferior 
 detect 
 was the 
 iew that 
 a under- 
 s nature 
 Pliny 
 ety-five 
 Captain 
 south 
 ive, that 
 xicating. 
 is a wine 
 of God, 
 ion, and 
 ssing can 
 )unced a 
 
 iswer, no 
 thing in 
 
 tie 
 
 this world ; it is only a circumstance in the process of 
 decay. Alcohol is only obtained by arresting the natural 
 process of decay in its first stages. Alcohol can only be 
 produced after life has departed, and is the product of 
 death, and death only. Alcohol is the intoxicating prin- 
 ciple in all intoxicating drinks, and it is the antagonism 
 of alcohol to life that produces those manifestations called 
 drunkenness. 
 
 Gold is a good creature of God ; but was it right for 
 Aaron to make a molten calf, to cause the people to fall 
 down and commit idolatry ? An ox is a good creature of 
 God, very valuable in the logging field ; but if you turn 
 it into a china shop on King Street, Toronto, it may do 
 much damage in a short time. Now, alcohol may be, and 
 often is, very useful when skilfully applied ; but often it 
 has been' made a curse rather than a blessing, by being 
 too freely administered. 
 
 Capt. Stewart, when stationed in India, proceeded with 
 a party of coolies (or native soldiers). In course of their 
 march, as they approached a village they heard a loud and 
 terrible scream, and met the entire inhabitants, old and 
 young, halt and lame, making their escape as best they 
 could, beating upon their breasts in awful trouble. 
 " What's the matter ? " inquired the Captain. A royal 
 tiger got into the village and was gorging himself with 
 the blood of the infirm, the sick, the dyinff, and the help- 
 less babe. What's to be done ? They approach to where 
 the tiger lay; the Captain orders his men to fire, but they 
 were afraid they could not kill him, and would not shoot. 
 The Captain creeps forward alone, raises his gun to his 
 
 
I 
 
 i 
 
 132 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 shoulder, takes aim for the tiger's heart, fires. The tiger 
 springs upon him, throws him into a ditch, and walks 
 away and crouches down upon the top of a hill which 
 overlooked the village. The Captain recovers from the 
 shock, goes to his men again, examines their guns, and 
 directs them all to fire together. Every trigger is cocked, 
 and just as they are about to fire, "Stop ! stop! stop ! " 
 cried an old. grey-headed Brahmin, "don't shoot that 
 tiger ; he's a valuable creature and a creature of God, and 
 was created for some useful purpose." The soldiers again 
 drop their guns, and were too conscientious to fire. The 
 Captain pointed to the blood and victims that were 
 strewed around, and told his men he'd shoot a Brahmin if 
 he acted as that tiger had done. A part obeyed ; the 
 huge animal was killed, and thus many valuable lives 
 were saved. What think you of the religion and argu- 
 ments of the Brahmin ? There is danger in the tiger 
 Drink. 
 
 It is not too much to say that those who patronize the 
 drinking customs of. society are a party to the horrid 
 effects of intemperance. If I were to ask you for a dona- 
 tion, " What is it for ?" you ask. " To murder Jim Brown," 
 I reply. " I won't give you a cent," say you ; " if I was 
 to give you anything I would thereby become a party 
 to the murder, and amenable to the laws of the land." So 
 with drink. The drinking customs of society are murder- 
 ing their thousands, and your moderate drinking is per- 
 petuating those customs, and leading to the perpetration 
 of murder and death by wholesale ; and I ask you, are 
 you not a party to the sad results ? 
 
 
 VI 
 
le tiger 
 walks 
 wliich 
 om the 
 as, and 
 cocked, 
 stop ! " 
 nt that 
 od, and 
 [« again 
 B. The 
 t were 
 ihmin if 
 ed; the 
 le lives 
 i argu- 
 le tiger 
 
 ize the 
 horrid 
 a dona- 
 5rown," 
 I was 
 party 
 id." So 
 nurder- 
 is per- 
 itration 
 on, are 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 1S3 
 
 -IL 
 
 I DISLIKE THE PLEDGU. 
 
 If an enemy were to land upon our shores, would it be 
 unmanly in us to enrol as volunteers and go forth and 
 fight in the defence of our Government, our nationality, 
 our homes, our wives and our children ? If slaves were 
 to hand themselves together and saj', another manacle 
 shall never be placed upon our hands, and strike for free- 
 dom, would there be anything unmanly in all this ? No ; 
 and alcohol is the worst enemy that ever visited our be- 
 loved country, and shall we not endeavour to crush the 
 foe ? The appetite that is formed by the use of these 
 drinks is the worst slavery that ever cursed a freebom 
 subject. Man is a bundle of habits, and shall we not 
 pledge ourselves to stand by each other and avoid being 
 caught in this fatal snare ? Some of those persons who 
 object to take our pledge do not object to other pledges ; for 
 instance, a young gentleman who wishes to get joined in the 
 bands of *' holy matrimony," does not object to the pledge 
 which is administered at the Hymeneal altar, and per- 
 haps some young ladies would not object to take this 
 latter pledge who hitherto have not taken the former. 
 Paul, the great Apostle of the Gentiles, took a pledge — a 
 longer one than we ask you to subscribe to, when he said, 
 " If meat make my brother to offend, I will eat no flesh 
 while the world standeth." He shows here that he was 
 prepared to give up even wholesome meat, which was use- 
 ful and nutrit'ous, for the sake of his weak brother, and 
 that not for a month, nor a year, nor for life, but " while 
 the world standeth." Now, Paul was no dwarf c'ther in 
 piet^ or intellect ; he was a full-gi-own man, and could 
 
 
 ] ? 
 
 ■i 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 'M 
 
 I .1; 
 
 i 
 u 
 
HH 
 
 ! r II 
 
 i I 
 
 134 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED, 
 
 bofist before the Chief Captain that he was free-born, and 
 no doubt valued his freedom as much as any man, yet for 
 the sake of others he would pledge himself and deny him- 
 self; and shall not we deny ourselves the use of that 
 which is unnecessary and injurious for the sake of our 
 brothers ? Besides, which, I ask, is the free man ? Place 
 a glass of spirits there before a man who has acquired an 
 appetite for the same, and his language is, I hate you, yet 
 I love you ; and while he knows it to be his enemy, he 
 takes and drains its contents, and becomes its servant. 
 " His servant ye are whom ye obey." But place a glass 
 before a total abstainer, and he turns away from it ; he 
 hates it with a deadly hatred. It possesses no charin for 
 him ; he sees the blood of murdered victims staining the 
 glass, and cries — 
 
 ■ ^ n ■■■■.•■>•'-■ ^ 
 
 ** Begone, strong drink, I pray thee begone from me — 
 Begone, strong drink, thee and I shall never agree. 
 Long time thou hast been tampering here, and fain thou wouldst 
 
 me kill. 
 But I'm resolved, but I'm resolved, thou never shalt have thy 
 
 will. 
 A pledge we'll sign, a song we'll sing, and merrily pass the day ; 
 I .hold it one of the wisest things to drive strong drink away. 
 
 Away, away, &c." 
 
 Some think to sign a temperance pledge is to sign away 
 their freedom ; whereas it is to preclude the possibility of 
 their becoming slaves. " Indeed, now, Robert, I'll not let 
 you sign the pledge," said a newly-married wife to her 
 husband, who was desirous of joining our ranks at one of 
 our meetings. " Indeed, I won't make a boy of my hus- 
 band by signing a pledge." A few years rolled past, and 
 
 T 
 
OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 135 
 
 that same woman, with tears and entreaties, implored 
 some of the leading men connected with that same society 
 to do what fhey could to rescue her husband, who a few 
 years befpre wanted to act the wise and cautious part. 
 
 That dandy young man won't sign the pledge, but sticks 
 up his collar like a tall stalk of wheat. He won't sign 
 away his freedom. Just take the trouble to go up and 
 examine his head, and you will find there is nothing in it. 
 
 SELFISHNESS. 
 
 We are too prone to think and act as if the whole busi- 
 ness of life was to spout in our own circle, enjoying all the 
 rich blessings of a benign Providence, and to anticipate, 
 when done with those enjoyments here, a glorious exit to 
 the Eden above. But we must not forget that this life 
 is the great theatre upon whose stage we must play the 
 all-important drama of life ; and if we would act our part 
 well and merit the applause of myriads of spectators, we 
 must not limit our operations to the home circle, but, with 
 large-hearted benevolence, we must labour for the welfare 
 of our race, and live out the injunction, " Work while it 
 is called to-day, for the night cometh when no man can 
 work." 0, for the burning zeal of Paul ! 
 
 There is a picture which represents a professor in one 
 of our Glasgow Universities running with all his might, 
 and the aspiring students following after, hard holding 
 on by his skirts, with the proverb, " The deil tak the 
 hindmost," engraven under the picture. So it is in the 
 world ; every man for himself Selfishness, which is the 
 very first thing at which religion aims a blow* still rules 
 
 n 
 
 s;! 
 
 
 i 
 
 ih 
 
 I 
 
130 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 supreme hi many heaitH, and unless they see how they 
 themselves are likely to become advantaged by giving up 
 drinking, they are not willing to do much for the sake of 
 their weak brother. They are very much like the Scotch 
 baillie who lived in a rising village, the inhabitants of 
 which thought it essential, before all the available ground 
 would be taken up, to erect a commodious market-house. 
 All the baillies save one were in favour of the scheme. 
 This selfish baillie would not consent ; he said " it would 
 involve considerable outlay, and that we should not be 
 benefited in proportion to said outlay." " But," said one 
 of his brother baillies, " while we shall not be benefited, 
 posterity shall." " Well," said the baillie, " if you can 
 show me where posterity has benefited us, then I have no 
 objections." So with some persons ; they are not willing 
 to make any sacrifices for the sake of others. They are 
 so thoroughly selfish that they resemble the man who 
 carried the mail between KirkintuUoch and Glasgow. 
 When he arrived at the latter place the post-office was in 
 flames, and stepping up to one of the firemen who was 
 playing upon the building, and clapping him upon the 
 shoulder, he shouted, " Play upon the KirkintuUoch mail 
 bag ; play upon the KirkintuUoch mail bag." So he did 
 not care if all the mail bags in the post-office were 
 destroyed if only the KirkintuUoch mail bag, the one 
 he went for, was safe. So " let me be safe if the world 
 should perish," is the cry of many. 
 
 Cain is now a long time dead, but it would seem that 
 there are many in the world who have imbibed his spirit, 
 and by their conduct still cry, " Am I my brother's keeper ?" 
 
 lMMMiK«<-^' 
 
OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 137 
 
 N they 
 ing up 
 sake of 
 Scotch 
 ants of 
 ground 
 i-house. 
 scheme. 
 b would 
 not be 
 aid one 
 jnefited, 
 '^ou can 
 have no 
 willing 
 Phey are 
 an who 
 asgow. 
 was in 
 ho was 
 Don the 
 ch mail 
 he did 
 e were 
 he one 
 e world 
 
 3m that 
 s spirit, 
 leeperi 
 
 They seem to think that they arc at jierfect liberty to 
 drink away, so be that there is not much danger of them- 
 selves personally becoming addicted to drink. If their 
 neighbour chooses to drink to excess, that's his own busi- 
 ness; give them enough to feed and clothe their own family^ 
 a home education and position in society for their own 
 children, and they care nothing about their neighbours. 
 They may drink, die, and perish. If I myself can sip 
 my glass of wine in moderation, and if from my pecu- 
 liar temperament I am not likely to become a drunkard, 
 why should I give it up for the excess of my brother ? 
 Exactly: " Am I my brother's keeper ?" Many there are 
 who look upon this enterprise with a prejudiced eye ; they 
 condemn it without evex examininsj its principles and ob- 
 jects, and hence, being unacquainted with its operations 
 and aims, they cannot appreciate the noble efforts that are 
 being put forth to rescue mankind from the curse of in- 
 temperance. 
 
 An Irishman once landed upon Glasgow Quay early 
 in the morning, while the inhabitants of that populous 
 city were sound asleep, and as he wandered forth he saw 
 a dead monkey lying on the street, and fancying it to be 
 one of the inhabitants of the land of the mountain and 
 heather, he exclaimed, " Poor Scotland ! they cannot bury 
 their own dead !" So it is with many in reference to the 
 Temperance enterprise ; they do not go to the trouble of 
 investigating carefully our principles and objects, hence 
 they form a partial judgment not favourable to our cause. 
 No man can look at our movement, contemplate our object, 
 observe our self-denying efforts and mark the glorious 
 
 i ;l 
 
 ^ m 
 
 w 
 
 -5 I 
 
 'i 
 
 i 
 
 :i> if 
 
1^8 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDER KD: 
 
 iil 
 
 1 ; 
 
 succesH which has crowned our labours, without beholding 
 much that is worthy of his highest admiration; and the 
 more we know of this great cause, the more will it com- 
 mend itself to our judgment. 
 
 It is reported that once an Irishman was driving a horse 
 and cart over Derry walls. When under Walker's Monu- 
 ment, his sword fell down and broke the shaft of Patrick's 
 cart. Pat, looking up, naid," Arrah, but you hould your spite 
 a long time." So it may be said of some in reference to 
 Temperance, they retain their prejudices notwithstanding 
 the good that has been accomplished through the efforts 
 put forth by temperance societies. 
 
 They condemn it without ever examining its principles 
 and objects, and hence being unacquainted with its ope- 
 rations and aims, they cannot appreciate the noble efforts 
 ttiat are being put forth to rescue mankind from the curse 
 of intemperance. j 
 
 A clergyman once said to one of his flock : " John, will 
 you not give up this whisky drinking? it is ruining you; 
 do quit it, I pray you." "Sure, your reverence, I'm just 
 doing what the Scriptures teach me," said John. " How 
 is that ?" exclaimed the minister. " Sure, it teaches me 
 that I'm to love my enemies ;" and holding up a glass, of 
 spirits said, " That's the worst enemy I've got, and I love it 
 in my heart." Now, I think it is evident that the reason 
 why some will not join our movement is, they like a little 
 drop. Nothing, I know, will give such offence as telling 
 the naked truth. For instance, a man returned home one 
 evening, and commenced to kick the chairs, table and fur- 
 niture through the house, and otherwise exhibit his 
 
OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 139 
 
 riauglity temper. "What's the uiattor, my dear?" whis- 
 pered his meek, loving wife. " Neighbour B. has said I 
 told a lie." " Oh," replied the wife, " never mind that ; he 
 can't prove it, my dear." " But he has proved it," cried the 
 husband angrily. This was what pained him, that it had 
 been proved. So if the truth were revealed, we believe 
 that the reason why many do not join our ranks is be- 
 cause they like it, and even all the sufferings our common 
 humanity has endured through this custom seems insuffi- 
 cient to lead them to deny themselves the gratification 
 which this drink affords them. And then if you accuse 
 them of liking it they get vexed and angry. Sometimes 
 those very persons who are so ofiended when accused 
 of being fond of liquor, by their own confession prove 
 that it really is so. And yet some persons, however much 
 they are addicted to this vice, would feel quite insulted if 
 you said they were drunkards. At a temperance meeting 
 once a man rose up and said, "You don't call me a drunk- 
 ard, do you ? I drank eight or ten glasses to-day. I take 
 nearly that much every day, and no one ever saw me the 
 worse of liquor. You don't call me a drunkard, do you ?" 
 " Well," replied the lecturer, " if I owed the Devil one hun- 
 dred drunkards, and had only ninety-nine to pay him 
 with, and if I offered him you for the one hundredth, and 
 he would not take you, I would remain in his debt for 
 ever." 
 
 It is useless to reason with such persons. They will 
 not be convinced, and though beaten at every point they 
 will have the last word, like a tailor in Paisley whose wife 
 was very unbearable. She would have the last word, and 
 
?^ 
 
 140 
 
 OBJECTIONS CONSIDERED. 
 
 tlio tjillor resolvod to conquer her if possible ; so ho took 
 her to the canal and put her into the water to bring her 
 into submission. But no, she was not to be so easily 
 conquered as all that ; so he put her down under the 
 water and held her there until he thought her life was in 
 danger, and, to his mortification, when she was under the 
 water she raised her hand above it and snapped her fin- 
 gers at him. So some oppose this cause as determinedly 
 as she did her husband. 
 
 Temperance men have the same old song at their tem- 
 perance meetings. True ; but the wolf and the bear in 
 our northern country may as well object to their being 
 killed in the old way by steel and musket, as our enemies 
 refuse to hearken to our old arguments. 
 
 " This night we vow before the world's great bar, 
 Never to pause, or quit this holy war, 
 Till Driuk's vUe temples fall." 
 
took 
 ig her 
 easily 
 Br the 
 ivas in 
 er the 
 er fin- 
 inedly 
 
 r tem- 
 
 ear in 
 
 being 
 
 lemies 
 
 LECTURE VI. 
 
 Il^TEMPERANCE. 
 
 DR. GUTHRIE once said , " Drunkenness is our na- 
 tional curse, our sin, our shaine and weakness." 
 
 Go with me, if you please, to the drunkard's home, and 
 see that desolate habitation. Empty cupboard, broken- 
 hearted wife, ragged children. Think of the tears of 
 fathers who have lost their sons, and of mothers who 
 have been robbed of their daughters ; of wives who have 
 lost their husbands, and children who have lost their 
 parents, and listen to the wail of the lost. ! methinks 
 if you could hear the groans of the countless multitudes 
 who have fallen victims to this horrid traffic you would 
 haste to the rescue. 
 
 Behold the drunkard's wife ; gaze upon that pale, wan 
 face, that wrinkled trow. The hue of health has left the 
 cheek, the countenance is sad, the hair is prematurely 
 grey ; the step is feeble ; the keenest anguish fills her 
 seal, and wrings the very life-blood from her heart. 
 Where, oh where is there human suffering to surpass that 
 of the poor drunkard's wife ? And yet there are countless 
 thou' ids of such who are suffering through the intem- 
 penn of their husbands. 
 
 »'i! 
 
 It 
 
 if 
 
 f 
 
 I 
 

 142 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 It is one of the saddest things upon which I reflect. I 
 look upon an aged man who has toiled hard for years, 
 and, after accumulating a little of this world's goods, 
 sends his boys to the Normal School or some other insti- 
 tution to have them educated. As they leave home the 
 father puts his hands upon their heads as he says, with 
 I "oken accents, " May God bless you, my sons !" They 
 leave home with a father's blessing and a mother's 
 prayers ; but they are attracted hy music, and begin to 
 follow the example of their seniors. At length the appe- 
 tite for drink is fonned, and with a shattered constitution 
 and blasted life they return, not to bless but to curse their 
 parents. Thus instead of their being a support and com- 
 fort to them in the decline of life, they drag down their 
 grey hairs with sorrow to the grave. 
 
 How many are weeping ovei the intemperance of their 
 sons ! I haVe found a father pacing his oflGice in an agony 
 as he pulled the grey hairs from his head, and exclaimed, 
 " My son is breaking my heart." 
 
 Once I was addressing a meeting in the parish of Glen- 
 avy ; the Rev. Rector occupied the chair. At the close of 
 my lecture an aged man with white locks asked permis- 
 sion to say a few words. "Certainly," replied the worthy 
 rector. " I was present," said the old man, " at the trial 
 of Moore for the murder of his son. His daughter, a fine 
 young woman aged about twenty years, gave evidence 
 against her father. The judge asked the daughter, "Did 
 your father love his child ? " " Love him!" said she ; " no 
 father could love a child dearer than he did ; he called 
 him his Benjamin ; but, your worship, he came home in- 
 
2- 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 143 
 
 no 
 
 toxicated, and lifted a hatchet, and with one blow he 
 severed the head from the body." The old man added* 
 " I saw him hanged at Carrickfergus jail ; and you all 
 know that I lost myself as fine a lad as ever stood in 
 Glenavy parish ohurch by <lrink. The lecturer has said 
 some hard things against drink, but the half cannot be 
 told." Drink 
 
 ^ . <« Plucks from our breaat 
 
 The friends that loved, the friends that blest, 
 And leaves us weeping on the shore 
 To which they can return no more." 
 
 . Intemperance brings shame, not honour ; misery, not 
 happiness ; weakness, not strength ; sickness, not health ; 
 poverty, not wealth ; death, not life. 
 
 INTEMPERANCE RETARDS. 
 
 I hold that intemperance retards our progress ; that 
 it throws barriers in the way of national ps well as per- 
 sonal prosperity ; that it stints our mental, moral and re- 
 ligious growth ; it hushes the aspirations of the student 
 in his scholastic pursuits ; it stops the enterprise of our 
 merchants, and counteracts the preaching of the ever 
 blessed gospel, for , . 
 
 " Wherever God erects a house of prayer, 
 The devil's sure to build a tavern there." 
 
 Well might a foreigner remark as he did when he 
 visited Great Britain. He said, " It is well those Anglo- 
 Saxons are such a drunken race, for, were it not for this, 
 with their energy, talent and power they would become 
 
 I 
 
 'f! 
 
144 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 ^I!' il 
 
 the masters of the world." We do hold the keys of the 
 physical world, such as Gibraltar, the Cape of Good Hope 
 and Malta, but we shall never wield that mighty influ- 
 ence for good which the Almighty designed we should 
 use until we put away this evil from us. It acts like a 
 mighty millstone around the national neck, and if we 
 would become truly . " . 
 
 *' Great, glorious and free, 
 First flower of tho earth and first gem of the sea," 
 
 we must give up this custom, which is degrading us at 
 home and spoiling our influence abroad. 
 
 What was it that discouraged the noble heroine, Florence 
 Nightingale ? It was not with toil or watching ; it was 
 not the breath of sickness nor the tierce blaze of an orien- 
 tal sun, as she nursed, God bless her! our sick soldiers at 
 Scutari, but it was the sad, sad effects of intemperance. 
 " Banish," cried this noble lady, " this deadliest of all foes 
 from your ranks." And it does pain the mind of the phil- 
 anthropist to see the havoc and misery which Drink is 
 
 causmg. 
 
 Some years ago, James Silk Buckingh.am, member for 
 Shefiield, obtpned, lo his own surprise and the astonish- 
 ment of the House of Commons, a select committee to 
 inquire into the causes and consequences of the prevalent 
 vice of intoxication amongst the labouring classes, and 
 that committee gave a report which showed that the conse- 
 quences of the drinking habits of the people were: — de- 
 struction of life, disease in every fonn and shape, prema- 
 ture decrepitude in the old, stunted growth, debility and 
 
INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 145 
 
 ir for 
 oiiish- 
 tee to 
 valent 
 js, and 
 conse- 
 :— de- 
 )rema- 
 ,y and 
 
 decay in the young, loss of life by drowning, burning, 
 madness, &c. He was quite sure any society that had 
 for its object the amelioration of those great evils, ought 
 to be listened to with attention. * 
 
 The evils of intemperance are far more numerous and 
 widespread than any are aware of. I can take you to 
 towns in Canada where almost every yard of ground is 
 stained with the blood of the victims of intemperance. I 
 remember speaking on this subject to Mr. J. J. E. Linton, 
 of Stratford, and he offered to take me through that town, 
 and give me a history of the deaths that had occurred 
 there, in proof of this painful fact. 
 
 Have you read Othello, the most finished and perfect of 
 all Shakspeare's tragedies ? What is it but a solemn 
 temperance lecture ? Whence come all the horrors which 
 close around the scene of that awful and magnificent 
 drama ? Is it not from the wine with which lago plied 
 Cassio ? What is lago himself but a human embodiment 
 of the great master of evil ? and as that master goes 
 abroad over the earth seeking whom he may devour, 
 where does he find a more potent instrument than in the 
 treacherous wine-cup ? This dark tragedy, with its 
 crimes and sorrows, is but an epitome, a faint transcript 
 of ten thousand tragedies which are all the time enacting 
 on the theatre of daily life. How many are there, to- 
 night, who can use the words of Othello's sobered but 
 almost frenzied Lieutenant, and say : 
 
 " 0, thou invisible spirit of wine ! if thou hast no other 
 name to be known by, let us call thee, devil." 
 
 ■ h 
 
 4 
 
 m 
 
 ■a 
 
r 
 
 r, 1 
 
 Uf) 
 
 FNTKMPERANOE. 
 
 " That men should put an enemy into their mouths to 
 steal away their brains." 
 
 " O, I have lost my reputation ! I have lost the im- 
 mortal part of myself, and what remains is bestial. My 
 reputation, Tago, my reputation ! " 
 
 " To be now a sensible man, and by-and-by a fool, and 
 presently a beast, O, strange ! Eveyy inordinate cup is 
 unblessed, and the ingredient is a devil." 
 
 We have known men, through habits of intemperance, 
 to become reduced fiom positions of wealth and affluence 
 to the most miserable want and poverty. 
 
 In the year ending at Michaelmas Last, ninety-four 
 thousand nine hundred and eight persons, or two hundred 
 and sixty a day, were proceeded against before justices in 
 England for drunkenness, or for being drunk and dis- 
 orderly ; and sixty-three thousand two hundred and fifty- 
 five of them were convicted. The great majority were 
 only fined, but above seven thousand were committed to 
 prison. The returns show a great increjise over the pre- 
 vious year, for only eighty-two thousand one hundred and 
 ninety-six were then charged with drunkenness, and only 
 fifty-four thousand one hundred and twenty-three con- 
 victed. Of the persons thus charged in the last year, 
 twenty-two thousand five hundred and sixty were fe- 
 males, and more than ten thousand women were convict- 
 ed for being drunk. Cor^ lers' inquests, in the year 
 eighteen hundred and sixty-two, found two hundred and 
 twenty-one verdicts of death from excessive drinking. 
 One hundred and fifty-five men and sixty-six women thus 
 ended their days. 
 
INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 147 
 
 iha to 
 
 e im- 
 
 [. My 
 
 )1, and 
 cup is 
 
 erance, 
 fluence 
 
 ty-four 
 uiidred 
 itices in 
 nd dis- 
 id fifty- 
 y were 
 tied to 
 lie pre- 
 |red and 
 d only 
 le con- 
 It year, 
 ere fe- 
 lonvict- 
 ie year 
 ■ed and 
 jinking, 
 n thus 
 
 What is drunkenness ? or, what do we mean when we 
 say a man is drunk ? — that a man has taken into his . 
 physical system a certain amount of a physical thing 
 called alcohol, which has produced a certain physical 
 result which we call drunkenness ? But is not gluttony as 
 bad as drunkenness ? There is nothing in the nature of 
 brc2,d 10 create an artificial appetite for an immoderate 
 use of the same, nor is bread pronounced in Scripture a 
 curse. It is written, " Woe unto him that putteth the 
 bottle to his neighbour's mouth ; " but nowhere is it 
 stated, Woe unto him that putteth a loaf of bread to his 
 neighbour's mouth. 
 
 There were slain in Liverpool, in 18G4, through drink, 
 no less than three hundred and fifteen souls. 
 
 In Kingston, Ont., thirty-one out of thirty-six deaths, 
 in one year, were directly caused by intemperance. 
 
 Dr. Howe, in his report on Idiocy, to the Legislature 
 of Massachusetts, states : " The habits of the parents 
 of 300 of the idiots were learned; and 145, or nearly 
 one-half, are reported as ' known to be habitual drunk- 
 ards.' " 
 
 Dr. Hill, Superintendent of the Asylum at Columbus, 
 O., says : 
 
 "A citizen of this State married an intelligent lady, 
 who bore him ten children. After the birth of the first 
 three, the father became intemperate, and during his 
 career as an inebriate four children were borne to him. 
 The first three were smart and intelligent, and became 
 useful men and women* and so of the last three. Of the 
 four borne to him during his inebriety, two have died iu 
 
 I:' "n 
 
 
 M 
 
148 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 the lunatic asylum, another is there, and the fourth is an 
 ic^iot. The demonstration is complete and certain, and 
 there is no room left for doubt as to the cause of idiocy 
 and insanity in these cases. Thus an intemperate man or 
 woman transmits a depraved constitution and an impaired 
 intellect to children and even grand-children. 
 
 " The statistics in regard to the idiots of Massachusetts, 
 published a few years since, furnished a volume of state- 
 ment. The more this subject is investigated, the more it 
 will be shown that the use of liquors is impairing the 
 health and reason and shortening the lives not only of 
 those who drink, but of their descendants. In self-defence, 
 the State will, sooner or later, be compelled to interpose 
 its strong arm, or the race will become deteriorated physi- 
 cally, intellectually, morally and socially. If a man has 
 a constitutional right to degrade himself below the level 
 of a decent brute, he has no right to people the land with 
 imbeciles and lunatics." 
 
 What a fearful amount of pauperism is occasioned by 
 intemperance. If you visit the workhouses which stud 
 the Old World, and listen to the reports of those in charge 
 of such institutions, you will be convinced that the drink- 
 ing usages of society are the mighty feeders of this sad 
 state of things. 
 
 It is customary for the inmates to go out one day in 
 ^he week to visit, and their friends treat them on such 
 occasions, so that they often return drunk ; but when they 
 die, no friends are seen, and as the hearse driver performs 
 the last ceremony, you cannot but think of the verse — 
 
' 
 
 w 
 
 INTEMPETUNCE. 
 
 149 
 
 Ls an 
 , and 
 diocy 
 an or 
 )aired 
 
 iisetts, 
 state- 
 aore it 
 ig the 
 )nly of 
 sfence, 
 terpose 
 physi- 
 an has 
 level 
 d with 
 
 ned by 
 stud 
 charge 
 drink- 
 
 ihis sad 
 
 day in 
 )n such 
 en they 
 erforms 
 rse — 
 
 •' Rattle his bones 
 Over the stones ; 
 'Tis only a pauper, 
 Whom nobody owns. " 
 
 Wonderful are the changes and reverses in some men's 
 lives, but how many have been brought down from posi- 
 tions of respectability and affluence through indulgence in 
 strong drink ! It was startling to see Napoleon Bona- 
 parte, as it were but yesterday, carrying the world before 
 him on his victorious march, and causing kings and na- 
 tions to tremble at his nod ; but behold him a few days 
 after, powerless ! and chained like a felon to an isolated 
 rock in the midst of the ocean. If you would avoid the 
 degrading, debasing and demoralizing course of the diamk- 
 ard, never take, we implore you, the tirst step on this 
 damnable ladder. It is the first step, young man, on it 
 that leads down to all the rest. 
 
 "Don't speak to me about the evils of intemperance," said 
 a poor unfortunate victim; "I know, alas ! too much of its 
 sad consequences. I well remember the time when I sang 
 praises and made melody in my heart to God, and O how 
 I did pity those who frequented the tavern, and I grieved 
 as I heard their profane talk and listened to their immoral 
 soDgs ; but I have been overcome. I tampered with the 
 enemy, and step by step I was led to ruin, until now I'm 
 a poor degraded drunkard. I have forfeited the friend- 
 ship of all my true friends ; I have turned my own flesh 
 against me ; I have wasted my means ; I have sjicrificed 
 my health ; and worse than all, I'm a slave, a self-made 
 slave, and bound with chains moie difficult to be broken 
 
150 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 than those of iron. Good God, I'm a lost man! — lost soul 
 and body — lost for time, lost for eternity !" 
 
 There is a poor woman in , named Sally, whose 
 
 husband is a terrible victim to the bottle. How does she 
 get her husband (Irish Jemmy, as he is called) home ? She 
 carries a jug of whisky and goes a few yards before him, 
 and coaxes him along step by step. Only for drink they 
 might be well off. I met them at one of my meetings, 
 and his son, a fine young man, joined the lodge. 
 
 A friend of mine was passing a tavern door in Toronto, 
 when he saw the tavern-keeper take a man by the collar 
 and push him out upon the footpath as he lifted him with 
 the toe of his boot. " How dare vou use that man so ?" 
 said my friend ; " T know that man." " I don't care whe- 
 ther you know him or not," responded the tavern-keeper, 
 "he's the most contemptibly mean man in the city." 
 " How is that?" "Because he comes into my bar and calls 
 for liijuor, and takes it, and walks away without paying 
 for it." Who was that mean man ? A short time ago he 
 held a situation as book-keeper in the city of Toronto at 
 a salary of a thou.sand dollars per annum ; that mean man 
 has a brother wl.o is an esteemed minister in this Pro- 
 vince; and that mean man's wife and five children were, 
 the last time I heard of them, dependent upon the charity 
 of a few friends for a subsistence. What is it that has 
 oast that book-keeper out of employment ? Drink ! What 
 is it that has plunged that man's wife and family into such 
 misery ? Drink ! What is it that has made that man so 
 mean ? Drink ! Only for this .seducUve, damning drink, 
 
INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 151 
 
 that man would be a useful member of society — a loving 
 husband and an affectionate parent. 
 
 " We don't see such misery as you temperance folk re- 
 present." No, because you don't look for it. Suppose you 
 were to stand upon the island opposite Toronto, and fire 
 oflf a cannon, and a messenger was to go to you and say, 
 " You are by your firing destroying property, wives and 
 children." "But I don't see it," say you. "No; but come 
 over in the boat with me and I will show you the efiects 
 produced by your firing." So with this traffic ; if you will 
 but follow the inebriate home, and mark well the results 
 of your business, you will see degradation, poverty, miseiy, 
 disease, lunacy and death are the sad consequences. 
 
 To those persons who have unfortunately acquired an 
 appetite for strong drink, I would say, give up the habit 
 at once and for ever. I have no faith in becoming sober 
 by degrees. 
 
 A Tnan addicted to drink was asked by his wife to give 
 it up; he promised to quit by degrees, but still came home 
 drunk. One night he fell in the well ; the wife heard the 
 splash, and ran out. He cried "Nancy, Nancy." She turn- 
 ed the windlass, and up he rose. Then she would undo it, 
 and down he would go again. This was repeated several 
 times, when he cried, " Nancy, what are you doing ? " to 
 which she replied, " 0, 1 am bringing you up by degrees, 
 the way you were going to quit the drinking." " Let mc 
 up," he exclaimed, " and I'll never taste it again." 
 
 Some may be ready to exclaim that there is " no use 
 trying." Alas ! alas ! this is the rock on which is wrecked 
 every life that ever yet was a failure— the mournful 
 
152 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 1 
 
 It 
 
 epitaph which might be written over the grave of every 
 buried resolution for good which was ever born in the soul 
 of man. 
 
 " No use trying !" Did ever a fouler lie enter through 
 the doors of a living heart? Don't believe it, dear reader ! 
 don't for an hour — no, not for a moment. No matter how 
 many times you've fallen, get up again ; this very fact of 
 your " trying" proves that you have " life" in you. You 
 are only dead when you cease trying. Have you evil 
 tempers or indolence, selfishness or pride, wrong imagina- 
 tions or foolish thoughts to conquer, and have you been 
 vanquished again and again ? — don't give up ! You have 
 gained something, whether you know it or not. Sit right 
 up, find " buckle to" again, for only in despair is defeat. 
 Look all your losses and failures bravely in the face and 
 say, "I know that you've gotten the victory over me many 
 and many a time, but I'm undaunted yet, and if I fall a 
 thousand times I shall get on my feet and go right at the 
 struggle again. I shall keep trying, with God's help, so 
 long as there's a breath of life within me!" And, amid 
 all the blessed eternal records to be unsealed by the hand 
 of God, there shall not be found written the name of one 
 soul who has boldly, earnestly, and reverently said this, 
 and persistently lived it ; and every other life has been a 
 mock and a failure. 
 
 Some years since I gave up the use of tobacco ; however, 
 I found it a much harder task than I at first anticipated. 
 It really afforded me unspeakable pleasure to sit down 
 and, with a long pipe, enjoy a smoke, and I did admire 
 much the fantastic shape that the smoke assumed as it 
 
INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 158 
 
 went curling up beautifully to the ceiling. At length I 
 parted with the pipe, but I retained a little bit of tobacco 
 in my vest pocket, and how I longed for a taste ! What a 
 mighty power it exerted over me ! I was almost like a 
 kitten in the grasp of a lion. I would lift it and almost 
 touch my lips, and then return it to my pocket, and 
 for minutes would be tempted and tried as no 
 human language can describe. At last I thought, 
 "WeD, is it not passing strange that this small 
 piece of a weed should have such a power over me ? It's 
 but a weed ; I'm a man — or ought to be one ; now, either 
 it will master me, or I will master it." So I flung it over 
 the garden hedge, and from that day to this I have never 
 chewed a bit nor smoked a whiff of tobacco. " How am I 
 to give up drink ?" says one. Go and do likewise — put 
 away the enemy far from thee ; resolve like a man that 
 you will no more touch it, and look to God for strength to 
 enable you to keep your solemn vow. For intemperance 
 is a national sin, carrying desolation and death from the 
 centre to the extremity of the land. In view of such re- 
 sults, surely " strong drink shall be bitter to them that 
 drink it." Others suffer from this vice. Not only does 
 the poor drunkard suffer himself, but those with whom he 
 stands related in life also suffer. Every day we see illus- 
 trations of the assertion that the " innocent suffer with 
 the guilty." We had a man in Aryiagh who wae in 
 the habit of attending Portadown market almost every 
 Saturday. It made little matter whether he had business 
 or no ; to market he would go, and pretty freely he would 
 drink too, and then it was time for his old hat to look 
 
 Mi 
 
 it 
 
154 • 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 out Already it had many dinges, but every market day 
 it was a sufferer, for he would give it a tap and swing his 
 shillelagh, and cry, " Do you all know who I am ? Do you • 
 
 know who I am? "Why, I'm Mr. , of the Foy. I've 
 
 got three chimneys on my house ; I've land for ever and 
 moss for eternity. Hurrah ! St. Patricia's Day in the 
 
 morning 
 
 I 
 
 When Mr. 
 
 's boy would be going to 
 
 school, some witty customer would give his hat a tap and 
 say, " I'm Mr. , of the Foy ; " and when his daugh- 
 ter would be going to the post-office, some young man, 
 who should have known better, would cry round a corner, 
 " I've three chimneys on my house." So that this man's 
 family suffered considerably through the intemperance 
 of the father. 
 
 Not only do children suffer, but, ah! how severely in 
 paHicular do wives suffer ! One night I was awoke from 
 my slumber, while guest at a friend's house in Toronto, 
 by a loud noise and a cr}^ " Open and let me in." My 
 friend opened, .and his own sister-in-law entered with her 
 two children, one under each arm. " What's wrong ?" " 0, 
 my husband came home with a bottle of brandy, and lifted 
 an axe and wotild have killed us, and I had to fly for my. 
 life." Who is that woman ? She is the daughter of pious 
 parents, tenderly reared and much loved by all who 
 knoV her ; but, through the intemperate habits of her hus- 
 band, she was ob^ged to leave him, and although only 
 fifteen months have elapsed since she left old Ireland, 
 with ample means to start business in Toronto and do 
 well, so miserable had her life been through drink, that 
 she was obliged jio steal a-^^a^ with her two children to 
 
0, 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 155 
 
 seek an asylum in her father's house, vhile her husband, 
 a smart and clean fellow only for drink, was wandering 
 about through Toronto, when I last heard of him, looking 
 for employment. 
 
 I have heard the drunkard's wife exclaim, " I would 
 work for him, I would nurse him ; but, oh, to see him com- 
 ing home drunk, it breaks my heart ! " 
 
 A husband in Liverpool returned home one evening un- 
 der the influence of drink, and said to his wife, " Mary, 
 you did not kiss me." And as she approached him he 
 plunged a knife into her heart's blood, and she fell a life- 
 less corpse at his feet. It was drink that caused it. 
 
 "0 'tis monstrous, 'tis monstrous; 
 Methought the billows spoke and told me of it. 
 And the thunder, with its deep and dreadful organ pipe, 
 Pronounced the name of murder." 
 
 Not ten years ago, Mrs. Mary Campbell, of the County 
 of Perth (see Stratford Beacon, 15th April, 1864), hanged 
 herself through despair, on account of the drunkenness of 
 her husband. Well might the coroner of that section 
 exclaim as he did, "Drink, Drink, when wilt thou be 
 satisfied ?" A family of six or seven children left without 
 a mother, one only seven months old ! 
 
 And mothers suffer also by this vice. And oh ! how 
 much they suffer ! A young man was returning home 
 one evening to his widowed mother in Glasgow, and he 
 observed two men quarrelling and stepped forward to se- 
 parate them, when one of them drew a knife and stabbed 
 him to the heart. Here was a kind son, the only sup- 
 port of his widowed mother, killed by a person in liquor, 
 
 
 ( ^ 
 
 ■u 
 
 i 
 
 n 
 
I 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 156 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 ^m 
 
 ^ii 
 
 A father returns home, and lookinr;at his wife inquires 
 " Is Tom home ? " " No," she replied. " Well, if he aint 
 home by the time I get my supper, I'll bolt the door and 
 he won't get in to-night." 0, young man, ofttimes the 
 door might have been bolted against you if your mother 
 had not interceded for you. The father ate hh supper 
 and went to bed. The mother also retired, but not to 
 sleep. As soon as the husband fell over in a sound doze 
 she arose, unlocked the door, listened, but heard no 
 sound of Tom returning. Putting her shawl about her 
 head, she wandered off to a tavern that Tom unfortunately 
 frequented. *' Is Tom here ? " inquired the poor mother. 
 " No." A recruiting sergeant had been there; Tom had 
 taken the shilling and was off to thp- war. The mother 
 returned homo with a sorrowful heart. Time rolled past ; 
 five years had now elapsed, and a letter came informing 
 the mother that her son was returning. Her heart leaped 
 for very joy. She could not wait, and walked many weary 
 miles to meet her boy. When she arrived at the barrack 
 gate she looked at the sentinel. " You'rn not Tom," said 
 she ; " Tom was not so stout nor broad as you. Where's 
 Tom ? " " Walk inside, and some of his comrades will in- 
 form you all about Tom." 
 
 Tom, under the excitement produced by liquor, stabbed 
 his sergeant, was tried by court-martial, found guilty and 
 sentenced to be shot. He was brought out, placed be- 
 side his (coffin, and five minutes were given him to address 
 his comrades, which he did thus : " Commdes, don't drink. 
 'Twas drink that drove me from my mother's roof; 'twas 
 drink that caused me to commit that bloody act for which 
 
 li^'S*'*-*;. 
 
 1; 
 
INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 167 
 
 I am about to suffer. Comrades, if you love peace of 
 mind, don't drink. If you would value heaven and es- 
 cape hell, don't drink. ! comrades, don't drink. I im- 
 plore you, don't drink." The word was given : Shoulder 
 arms ! present ! fire ! Six bullets penetrated Tom at 
 once ; he fell back upon his coffin a lifeless corpse. His 
 mother listened while her heart was breaking, but as the 
 comrade who had informed her ah about Tom stood be- 
 side his grave and said, " There's the last of poor Tom," 
 it was more than a mother's heart could bear, and she 
 threw herself down upon his grave, and in a paroxysm of 
 grief clasped the cold grave in her arms, and in mortal 
 agony expired, uttering " My poor Tom ! " 
 
 If from intemperance a father dies at thirty instead of 
 fifty, humanly speaking twenty years of a father's alfec- 
 tion, care and industry are lost to the family ; but there 
 is also the loss of his income. Suppose he could save only 
 ten shillings stg. per week, in twenty years, with interest, 
 it would raise a fund that would provide fifty p ands a 
 year to his poor fumily. 
 
 Besides, the sober portion of the community have to 
 bear a vast deal of the expense of supporting the desti- 
 tute as well as for the punishment of { ffenders brought 
 on by intemperance. There was a certain Quaker barber 
 in England who received a note for church-rates for five 
 shillings and sixpen 36. W^ienhegot it he called upon 
 the clergyman and said, " Pray, friend, what dost thou 
 mean by this note ? " " Mean ! why it's for tjhurch-rate 
 don't you see." " Yes, friend, but what is that for ? " 
 "Why, for the repair of the church and the nmint(!iiance 
 
 I-- 
 
 
158 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 'I rs 
 
 of public worship." "Well, friend, what have I to do 
 iPvith that ? I don't attend thy church." " ! that don't 
 signify ; the church is always open, and it's your own 
 fault if you do not attend ; besi les, it's the law, and you 
 must pay." " Well, friend, I think that a very unjust 
 law that obliges me to pay a ministry and a religion 
 which I don't attend. Fare thee well." A few days after 
 the minister received a note : "Dr. to Timothy Saul ters, for 
 shaving and hair-cutting, five shillings and sixpence." 
 On recei})t of it the minister ran to the barber and said, 
 " What do you mean by sending me this bill ? You never 
 cut my hair nor shaved me in your life." " Nay, friend, 
 but thou k no west my shop is always open, and it's thine 
 own fault if thou dost not come to be shaved." And we 
 think it a very unfair thing that total abstainers should 
 be taxed for the support of those made destitute, and the 
 punishment of those made criminals, by a traffic which 
 they hate. By r^ght, those who make money by this bu- 
 siness should be accountable for the evils arising out 
 of it. 
 
 I remember the Rev. Mr. Macpherson telling me of a 
 mule his brother had bought. The man from w^.om he 
 purchased it was a great drinker, and had accustomed the 
 mult- ' vy otop at almrst every tavern, and he would treat 
 it as well as himself ; so that Mr. Macpherson's brother 
 was greatly annoyed with stopping at every tavern, and 
 it positivelj'^ refused to go till it would get its treat. So 
 sometimes you see persons suffer from even buying an 
 animal from one who drinks. 
 
 We suffer great loss by intemperance. A man was 
 
INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 159 
 
 brought up before the Mayor some time ago in one of our 
 cities for being drunk. The fine was $2 and costs, or 30 
 days in jail. The man told the Mayor that it was hi» 
 own money that he drank and got drunk on. The Mayor 
 said he must pay the fine or go to jail. He had no funds, 
 and was sent down. Observe, he thought he had a right 
 to drink and get drunk on his own money, but the rate- 
 payers had to foot the bill. 
 
 The sober portion of the community have to stand con- 
 siderable risk on account of intemperance. 
 
 Some of the saddest accidents which have occurred 
 both by land and sea have originated through drink. 
 
 The late Quebec fire is a painful illustration of this. 
 il'r 3 Globe stated that — 
 
 * Tlie fire originated from drunken debauchery in a ta- 
 vern, near daylight. The men were diHjmting over their 
 ill-gotten gains at cards. From words they came to blows, 
 and the table b-eing upset, on which was a coal-oil lamp, 
 in a moment the oil became ignited, then the furniture, 
 and then the building in a few minutes more. Alarm 
 became general in the vicinity, and in half an hour the 
 Fire Centre had word. In one hour the hose was laid and 
 water let on. In ten minutes after, the first line wjis cut 
 by some miscreant, and soon after a simihir thing hap- 
 pened to the second run. The fir»; now became unman- 
 egeable, and the po[)ulace panic-stricken. 
 
 " It should be understood that only about one-third of 
 the buildings destroyed are in tlie city proper. In this 
 portion is comprised the best clafis (/ buildings of stone 
 and brick, the greater part of ^ hich war* insured. It is 
 
 % 
 
 at. 
 
 j! 
 
 ir 
 
 I ■ ,; 
 
 r 
 
 f'i 
 
 ' i 
 
 
 M 
 
% I * 
 
 160 
 
 INTEMPKHANCE. 
 
 here tho C^uebec, British America, Londou and Liverpool 
 Buffer 80 heavily. The two-thirds of the burnt districts 
 without the city were built of wood ; the owners were 
 generally the occupants, who preferred to build of wood, 
 live in narrow streets, and have no water, than pay one 
 cent of tax or be insured. The total loss to the city and 
 St. Sauveur cannot bo less than $3,000,000 by fire." 
 
 By this sad {wjcident no less than 2,500 houses were 
 cles^roy*. 1, 18,000 persous left houseless, and three million 
 doiJarn worth of property destroyed, while four persons 
 lost their lives. 
 
 One of the survivors of the ill-fated " Anglo-Saxon," in 
 which 2G3 persons were drowned, told me that the Cap- 
 tain was intoxicated ; and when the mate warned him of 
 a passing schooner, and asked him to sound, his stern re- 
 ply wjis, " I'll sound when I please." 
 
 If tavern-keepers pocket the gain, the sober portion of 
 the community are obliged to bear much annoyance. 
 Travelling up Yonge Street one evening i.i a public stage, 
 I had an encounter with a drunken man that will illus- 
 trate this point. After I got nicely seated, the door was 
 opened, and the stage driver assisted the poor drunkard 
 inside. After we started, the man began to swing his 
 arms about, much to the dread of the inmates ; he became 
 very quarrelsome, but we were not disposed to quarrel 
 with a poor man so much tho woi-se for drink. Then he 
 began to sing — 
 
 "Rule Britanuin Britannia rvlea the waves, 
 Britono uovor, novor, never eholl be slaves." 
 
 And then he tuinblud d<»wn into the bottom of tho stage. 
 
 mM. 
 
INTEMPEIUNCE. 
 
 IfU 
 
 Oh ! angelB, seraphs in the spheres 1 
 Behold our eyes suffused in tears ; 
 Must drink-made sorrow ceaseless flow, 
 And breaking hearts no respite know ? 
 Must we resign to such a foe 
 All that we cherish here below ? 
 Forbid it, mightj God of love 1 
 Forbid it, angel hosts above ! 
 Oh, joy ! our souls with rapture glow — 
 We hear the angels chanting, No 1 
 
 Young ladies, never walk with your arm in a whisky 
 jug. There are some young men positively much more 
 offensive whan a jug with whisky in it. We have some- 
 times been shut up in a close carnage with one or two of 
 this sort, and know whereof we aflSrm. The poet has 
 said— 
 
 " Full many a gem of purest ray serene. 
 
 The dark unfathomed caves of ocean bear ; 
 Full many a flower is bom to blush unseen. 
 And waste its sweetness on the desert air." 
 
 There is no mistake ; the fragrance, if such it may be 
 called, which emanates from the victim of intemperante 
 is felt by many ; it does not " blush unseen." 
 
 How foolishly some peraons act while in liquor. Men 
 who are smart and clever when sober, under the influence 
 of liquor are guilty of the most foolish things imaginable. 
 There was a schoolmaster who, under its influence, was 
 fond of soliloquising. When asked by a friend how he 
 spake to himpelf so mncii, he replied that "he had two 
 reasons — first, he liked to talk to a sensible man ; and 
 secondly, he liked to hear a sensible man talk." 
 
 I I 
 
 1 11. 
 
 
 n 
 
^r 
 
 ;.f 
 
 ),i 
 
 162 
 
 INTEMPEKAMCE. 
 
 It makes one man so quiet that he will sit down upon 
 the floor and not speak a word, while it makes a perfect 
 madman of another. One man under its influence be- 
 comes so playful, that he will bulk marbles with the chil- 
 dren ; while another goes home and breaks the delph and 
 kicks and destroys everything in the house. It causes 
 another to go home and hug and kiss his wife almost to 
 death, while it makes another act in the most cruel man- 
 ner. 
 
 There is a very good man now living in the State of 
 New Jersey, who was at one period of his life very much 
 addicted to intemperance. On one occasion he stumbled 
 into a graveyard and fell into a new-dug grave, and re- 
 mained there till morning. When the grave-digger entered 
 the charnel-house, he heard some awful unearthly moan- 
 ing, and tremblingly approached, and looking saw Mr. 
 So-and-so, and wondering what* he would say, he stepped 
 back and made a noise. When he rose to his feet and 
 looked round at the grave-stones and monuments by 
 which he was surrounded, he said, " Laws-a-me. Resur- 
 rection mom, ; ad I am first up." My friends, " on reason 
 build resolve, that column of true majesty in man," and 
 dash aside that cup which makes the wisest of men act 
 while under its influence so foolishly. 
 
 A butcher who killed meat for my father in Paisley 
 was greatly (Mdicted to drink. His wife was obliged to 
 make black purl dings in order to procure a living. One 
 night the husband arose to take a drink of sour milk ; he 
 had been drinking lieavily the evening before, but instead 
 of taking milk, he went to a can of blood which the wife 
 
 *WW4^.'. 
 
 iliii 
 
I 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 1C3 
 
 I 
 
 had for to make puddings of. He did not observe his 
 mistake ; became very sick, and vomited considerably. 
 The doctor was sent for ; the poor man was very penitent. 
 O, he was done ; he had burst a blood-vessel at last, there 
 .could be no disputing it; there was the blood. But the 
 wife knew better. She saw that he had been at the blood 
 can, and told the doctor so, but cautioned him to not let 
 the husband know, and to warn him to quit the drink 
 He obeyed, and this was a salutaiy waniing to him, and 
 he kept sober through fear for some time. 
 
 How wickedly men act while under the influence of 
 liquor; if they merely acted foolishly it would be bad 
 enough, but when we consider that, under the excitement 
 produced by these stimulants, men otherwise quiet and 
 gentle are made mad and dangerous, we think this 
 another reason for endeavouring to discontinue their use. 
 Mr. Trethewey, a friend of mine, was staying with a 
 minister, who pointed to a picture and said, " That illus- 
 trates the following incident : A man named Stufford, in 
 a village in the State of Pennsylvania, stood at a tavern 
 bar as a funeral passed by, and as he lifted his glass, he 
 said to the landlord and those who were standing by 
 * When I die, I want to be buried in a hemlock coffin, . 
 pitched over with tar. I want to go to hell cracking.' 
 ' Next day,' said the minister, ' as I sat in my study, I 
 heard a noise, and going to the window T saw a crowd of 
 persons running down to the low part of the village, where 
 there was a saw mill. Fearing that some m^cident had 
 occurred, I quickly followed, and when I arrived at the 
 spot I found thai ialtufford, while under th« influ«nc« of 
 
 
 M 
 
 ,1*' 
 
 ,i 
 
104 
 
 INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 drink, had come into contact with the saw, and was liter- 
 ally cut in two. After his death his companion declared 
 that he appeared to him in his room in living fire, while 
 balls of fire were falling from his toes and fingers.' " 
 
 We think we are warranted in saying that men under 
 the influence of liquor say desperately wicked things, and 
 do desperately wicked things also. See that lather ; he re- 
 turns home, maddened by drink. Instead of lifting his 
 darlii>g child, and imprinting a sweet kiss upon its rosy 
 lips, what does he do ? He pu ts its little soft hands into a 
 steel trap ; and as the child shrieks and cries in awful 
 agony, does it touch his heart ? No ! but he laughs like a 
 very fiend, and mocks its sufferings. 
 
 Sii 
 
LECTURE VII. 
 
 THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 IN a History of the Waldenses there is tlie following 
 passage : " Tavei ns arc fountains of iniquity and schools 
 of the devil," and we may add that publicans are the 
 schoolmasters. 
 
 If there are any who think of starting this business, we 
 would urge you to abandon the thought. A man in Bel- 
 fast, who tried almost every business and invariably 
 failed, as a last resource commenced tavern-keeping at 
 Peter's Hill, and put up on his sign-board "The Last 
 Shift ; " and surely it is the last shift to deal out that 
 which is injurious in its nature and results. But some 
 say, " I keep a respectable house." Talk not to us of rec- 
 titude within a moral pest-house — we care not how re- 
 spectably you sin. 
 
 '* On best, on worst, this sentence we record, 
 Your trade's abomination to the Lord. " 
 
 It is the nature of your business to make drunkards. 
 A little boy was passing a tavern one day, and he observed 
 a drunken man lying at the bar-room door, and he went 
 in and said, " Landlord, your sign-board has fallen." The 
 
 I -T 
 
166 
 
 THK LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 landlord wont out, juid rmarly Htuniblod over the inebriate, 
 and looking up saw the sign-board up as usual, but rea- 
 lised the meaning of the witty boy's remark, that the 
 drunkard was his sign-board. Yes, the drunkard is the 
 fruit of tavern-keeping. 
 
 A tavern-keeper said the other day, " I only sell to sober 
 people." So much the worse ; if you only sold to drunkards 
 they would die off, but the mischief of your business is 
 that it finds men sober, and never leaves them till many 
 of them are poor drunkards. 
 
 The Reverend John Wesley says that " the men who 
 traffic in ardent spirits, and sell to all who will buy, are 
 poisoners general ; that they murder their fellow-men by 
 wholesale; neither does their eye pity or spare. And 
 what is their gain ? Is it not the blood of these men ? Who 
 would envy their large estates and sumptuous palaces ? 
 A curse is in the midst of them. — The curse of God is on 
 their gardens, their walks, their groves ; a fire that burns 
 to the nethermost hell ; blood, blood is there ; the founda- 
 tion, the floor, the walls, the roofs are stained with blood. 
 And canst thou hope, O man of blood, though thou art 
 clothed in scarlet and fine linen, and fared sumptuously 
 every day, canst thou hope to deliver down the fields of 
 blood to the third generation ? Not so ; there is a God in 
 heaven. Therefore thy name shall be rooted out, like as 
 those whom thou hast destroyed, both body and soul ; thy 
 memorial shall perish with thee." 
 
 There was an advertisement, a short time ago, going 
 the rounds of the English press to this effect : " jSoOO 
 Reward. — Five hundred pounds reward will be given to 
 
 W 
 
THE LIQUOR TRAFFI(\ 
 
 167 
 
 any person or persons who will prove before competent 
 judges that the third generation has been benefited by 
 the traffic in intoxicating drinks." Now, there are plenty 
 of money-loving Englishmen, anxious Scotchmen, and 
 ambitious Irishmen, who would be glad to snap at five 
 hundred pounds, but, althougli this advertisement htw 
 been going the rounds of the press, none have come for- 
 ward to demand the money. And why ? Because they 
 could not do it. The curse of a holy and just God rests 
 upon this cruel traffic. 
 
 How long, tavern-keeper, will you live upon the 
 wreck, ruin, and misery of thy fellow-beings. Thy business 
 is debasing, degrading and demoralising. The Scriptures 
 declare that " Love worketh no ill to his neighbour," and 
 can you doubt that your business works ill ? 0, if thou 
 wilt but come with me to the haunts of intemperance ; if 
 thou wilt follow the inebriate home and see the effects 
 produced by this destructive traffic, thou wilt tremble at 
 the havoc thou art accomplishing. Bear' in miAd that so 
 long as you continue in the business you are living on the 
 diffusion of rags and wretchedness, and thrive, like toad- 
 stools, on social disorganization and decay. 
 
 Some of those engaged in the liquor traffic speak as if 
 we were influenced by evil and vindictive motives in advo- 
 cating Temperance principles. While, however, nosuch feel- 
 ings actuate the author of this volume, still he will en- 
 deavour to show that there are no men in the land who 
 would be more largely benefited by the total suppression 
 of the liquor traffic than those men themselves who are 
 engaged in it ; and more, I think there are no families in 
 
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168 
 
 THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 the community that would derive more advantage by 
 putting a veto on the traffic than the families of those men 
 engaged in the business. 
 
 This (raffic is not only an injury to the poor purchasers, 
 but it is bad to the tavern-keepers t^i em selves. I 
 have known men to keep taverns for years and not be- 
 come drunkards ; but while they themselves have escaped, 
 I have known their sons to become victims to intemper- 
 ance. 1 have also known men to come fresh from the 
 plough with strong, healthy constijtutions, and before 
 eighteen months to expire in a fit of " delirium tremens." 
 One morning I was passing a tavern at Elma Centre, 
 County Perth, and the gentleman who was driving me 
 said, " Do you see that tavern there ?" " Yes." " Well, 
 during the last two years, two tavern-keepers have been 
 buried out of that place. Did you observe two widows 
 sitting opposite you last night in the front seat V " I 
 did." "Well, those were the wives of those two men, who 
 died from the effects of drink, and there is a third man 
 there now, and the other evening they were waiting upon 
 him ; he's now on his last legs, and cannot long survive 
 unless he quits drinking." 
 
 1 have made it my business to keep a record of all that 
 I have known who have died through drink during the 
 past twelve years; the blacklist is now before me, and not 
 only is it long, but it is startling. Without lifting the 
 curtain, I may state that judges, ministers, statesmen, 
 orators, physicians, lawyers and others have fallen victims 
 to the drinking customs of the age. Some of the most 
 generous, gifted, and noble have been drawn within the 
 
THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 169 
 
 whirlpool of oustom, and engulphed in the vortex of in- 
 temperance. 
 
 The following is taken from " Extracts by Rowland 
 Burr, from the Report of the Select Committee of the Legis- 
 lative Assembly of Canada on the Prohibitory Liquor 
 Law," and printed by order of the Legislative Assembly : 
 " I have the record now before me, kept by myself, of the 
 liquor dealers of Yonge Street for fifty-four years past, 
 one hundred in number, and I will mention the abstract 
 of the record, viz. : — 
 Number of ruined drunkards in the one hundred 
 
 families 214 
 
 Loss of property once owned in real estate.. £58,700 
 
 Number of widows left 46 
 
 Number of orphans : 235 
 
 Sudden deaths -44 
 
 Suicides publicly known %$ 
 
 Number of premature deaths by drunkenness 203 
 
 Murders 4 
 
 Executions -M 
 
 Number of years of human Hfe lost by drunken- 
 ness 1,916 
 
 I have been acquainted with these 100 families, and I 
 have kept written records of them, for the purpose of 
 printing them, leaving out the names." 
 
 If an apothecary gives poison by mistake -he is tried 
 and punished, but the tavern-keeper sells poison knowing 
 it to be such, and yet nothing is done to him. He has a 
 license to sell as much as he pleases, and the more he sells 
 
 I 
 
 I t-ii 
 
 u;i\ 
 
170 
 
 THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 «|i 
 
 the more money he makes, and the more mischief he ac- 
 complishes. 
 
 Rather than I should have anything to do with this 
 traffic, I would suffer the amputation, one by one, of every 
 finger and toe upon this poor body; allow every tooth 
 in my poor head to be extracted, my eyes to be plucked 
 out of their sockets, and bear all the tortures that earth 
 and hell could invent and execute. I might have accumu- 
 lated this world's pelf by engaging in this business. My 
 gi-andfather was a distiller, and I have had tempting in- 
 ducements made to embark in this business ; but I have seen 
 so much of the fearful fruits of the bottle that I dare not 
 countenance it, I live to avenge the wrongs that this traffic 
 has wrought upon some of those I love, and some whose 
 memory still to me is dear. And yet how custom has 
 blinded the eyes of the people in reference to this busi- 
 ness. A man in Glenarm, Ireland, was returning home 
 one night and called at a tavern and got liquor, and was 
 sent on his way incapable of taking care of himself, and he 
 fell into a canal and was drowned. At the coroner's in- 
 quest, qind all throughout Ulster, there was the greatest 
 fuss raised about the canal not being properly fenced ; but 
 there was scarcely a word about the man who sold the 
 liquor and made him incapable. There was not a word 
 about fencing up the door of th^t tavern lest another 
 poor victim should get drunk and meet his death thereby. 
 No, my friends, the people are greatly at fault in this par- 
 ticular in permitting this traffic which is so dangerous. 
 
 The following illustration is deserving of careful peru- 
 sal : — 
 
 I 
 
THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 171 
 
 'he ac- 
 
 ith this 
 )f every 
 y tooth 
 plucked 
 .t earth 
 iccumu- 
 38. My 
 ting in- 
 ave seen 
 iare not 
 is traffic 
 e whose 
 lom has 
 is busi- 
 g home 
 and was 
 r, and he 
 ner's in- 
 greatest 
 led; but 
 3old the 
 a word 
 another 
 thereby. 
 ,his par- 
 erous. 
 Ill peru- 
 
 A gentleman stepped into a tavern, and saw a filthy 
 drunkard, once a respectable man, waiting for his liquor- 
 He thus accosted him : 
 
 " G , why do you make yourself the vilest of men t" 
 
 " I aint the vilest," said the drunkard. 
 
 " Yes you are," said the gentleman ; " see how you look. 
 Drink that glass and you will be in the gutter." 
 
 '* I deny your po-iz-zi-tion," said the drunkard. " Who 
 —who is the vi-vilest, the tem-tempted, or the tempter ? 
 Who — who was wor- worst, Sa-St tan or — (hiccup) — Eve ? " 
 
 " Why, Satan," said the gentleman. 
 
 " Well — hiccup — well, be-behold the tempt-tempter," 
 said he, pointing to the bar. The bar-keeper flew into a 
 passion and turned the poor fellow out of his house with- 
 out his dram. 
 
 Have you observed a spider as it entangled a silly fly 
 into its cobweb and drained the last drop of blood from 
 its victim ? Just so is this drink traffic draining the life- 
 blood from the nation. It is the moral sepulchre where 
 have been buried some of the most promising beginners in 
 life's battles. 
 
 It has been remarked that the tavern-keeper is worse 
 than the highwayman. The latter asks " your money or 
 your life," but the tavern-keeper takes both " your money 
 and your life." Give up, we pray you, this business, or 
 depend upon it conscience will thunder and remorse will 
 goad you. I care not how wealthy you become by the 
 traffic ; its accumulation will afford yQU no joy, either in 
 death, judgment, or eternity. There was a man in 
 Limerick, Ireland, who committed murder, and was 
 
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 172 
 
 THE LIQUOU '.RAFFIC. 
 
 seized with remorse for the horrid crime he had com- 
 mitted, and in two hours his hair, which had been as 
 black as jet, became as white as snow ; and when you 
 see the ghosts of those whom you have been instrumental 
 in destroying following you, and hear the shrieks, tb > 
 groans and the wailings of those whom you have ruined, 
 you will curse the day that you embarked in so hellish 
 a traffic. I know that many have an interest in this 
 traffic ; they have houses to rent and ground to sell, and 
 friends in the business, and livings to gain from those 
 connected with it ; but it must come down. The truth 
 shall prevail. " Every valley shall be exalted." 
 
 Surely it is time something was done to stop this 
 frightful system of iniquity. Tliere are no less than 
 twenty taverns to one baker's shop in the City of Toronto. 
 Now, we think, instead of increasing the nui ^ ber of these 
 taverns, that they should be dried up ; and how are we to 
 dry up taverns ? How do you farmers dry up your cows ? 
 Don't you take the calves from them ? So, could we take 
 the whisky calves, the whisky suckers away, then the 
 taverns, as the result, would go dry. They would lose 
 their means of support, and give up the business for some 
 more honourable one. 
 
 I remember a remark that the Mayor of Stratford made 
 one evening that he presided at a grand Temperance 
 •demonstration that was given to me at my farewell lec- 
 ture in the County of Perth. He stated that sometimes 
 he felt deeply sorry when he was compelled to pronounce 
 judgment against some poor unfortunate creatures who 
 were taken up upon a charge of drunk and disorderly, and 
 
 r 
 
THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 173 
 
 com- 
 3611 as 
 n you 
 nental 
 :s, th.; 
 'uined, 
 hellish 
 n this 
 11, and 
 . those 
 I truth 
 
 >p this 
 is than 
 oronto. 
 f these 
 e we to 
 cows ? 
 ve take 
 len the 
 Id lose 
 )r some 
 
 d made 
 perance 
 ell lec- 
 aetimes 
 mounce 
 es who 
 ly, and 
 
 he wished he had got it in his power to punish the 
 parties who gave them the liquor which led them to 
 commit the offence with which they were charged. . 
 
 Now I believe that if you can convince the judgment 
 of some men engaged in this business they will give it up. 
 Such was the case of a Mr. Mathers, who kept a country 
 store. A man called one evening and got a quart of liquor 
 out of his cellar, and on his way home, after drinking 
 freely, he became intoxicated, and lay down on the rail- 
 road track. Next morning, very early, his wife, ac- 
 companied by a few friends, went out in search of the 
 missing husband, and found him stretched across the 
 railroad track ; and if he had remained there but a few 
 minutes longer the cars which were passing would have 
 killed him. When Mr. Mathers heard of this, he thought, 
 " Well, had that man been killed I would have been at 
 fault ; he got the liquor at my store ; I'll sell no more 
 liquor;" and so he gave it up. But while some will act 
 thus, there are others who will not quit unless the strong 
 arm of the law compels them to desist, and hence kind 
 words a id entreaties prove abortive to such. They put 
 me in mind of a dialogue between an Irishman and a 
 farmer. The farmer had a very savage dog, which fol- 
 lowed Pat to his great annoyance ; but Pat armed himself 
 with a pitchfork one evening, and resolved, if the farmer 
 would set his dog upon him that night, he would see how 
 he liked steel. As usual, the dog ran out ferociously at 
 Pat, and Pat up with the pitchfork and stuck it into 
 the dog's head. The farmer ran out and asked him why 
 be didn't run at his dog with the other end of the pitch- 
 
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 ■■^wi 
 
 
f 
 
 174 
 
 THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 n 
 
 fork. " Blood an* ouns," answered Pat, " why didn't he 
 run at me with his other end ? " So with some tavern- 
 keepers. They will not give up the traffic, howsoever in- 
 jurious it is, so long as the law sanctions it; and in order 
 to meet such cases we must seek a prohibitory law to pre- 
 vent such men from engaging in a business which is posi- 
 tively injurious to the community. • 
 
 "I'm going to give up selling spirituous liquors," 
 said a tavern-keeper in New York to a Temperance friend. 
 *' How is that ? " " Because there came into my store 
 this momirg at a very early hour, a yoimg man who, 
 looking up to the brandy bottle which stood upon the 
 shelf, exclaimed, with a fearful oath, * Come down ! come 
 down ! You killed my grandfather and you killed 
 my father; come down now and kill me.' What that 
 young man said," continued the grocer, "was but too 
 true. His grandfather died a drunkard, and with liquor 
 obtained at my storo , His father died a drunkard, and 
 with liquor obtained at my store — both drank from the 
 same bottle, and both were dead — both the grandfather and 
 , father ; and now the son had come to claim the sad pri- 
 vilege of drinking from the same bottle, and dying as his 
 grandfather and father had died. I looked at that young 
 man. I thought of the past, and it seemed as if the way 
 to hell from my store was very short — that I could look 
 from behind the counter where I stood quite into it. I 
 felt that the business of selling liquor was a bad busi- 
 ness, and I made up my mind to quit it." And he did so. 
 
 " You Temperance men want to rob us." Nay, we are 
 
THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 176 
 
 even willing to tax ourselves to pay the capital invested, 
 in order that the evil may cease. 
 
 We will be the greatest robbers in the world, neverthe- 
 less; we will rob the jail of eight-tenths of its drink-made 
 criminals; rob the workhouse of seven-tenths of its 
 drink-made paupers ; rob the lunatic asylum of one-half 
 of its crazy inmates ; rob the doctors of one-half their 
 fees ; and rob the last enemy, Death, of thousands of its 
 drunken victims annually. 
 
 There is another thing worthy of remark in reference to 
 drink, and that is, that it is the effect that is punished and 
 not the cause. To illustrate this point : Suppose a farmer 
 goes early in the morning with a grist, and he starts without 
 his breakfast, and he meets some companions who treat him, 
 and in his turn he does the same ; but the two glasses prove 
 too much for him on an empty stomach, and he is over- 
 come and found in a state of intoxication. Some mem- 
 bers of his church prefer a charge against him. He is 
 tried before a number of deacons, found guilty and ex- 
 pelled ; but there may have been some men trying that 
 unfortunate who can take their glass in the morning, an- 
 other after breakfast, and several glasses between that 
 and dinner-time, and yet be sober as judges and say that 
 they never were drunk in their lives. Mark you, the 
 man who got drunk on two glasses is expelled ; but the 
 men who could drink ten glasses and not get drunk are 
 respectable members of the church, and kick out the poor 
 fellow who took the two glasses, because he could not 
 stand asTOUch as themselves. I verily believe that many 
 a man is brought up and fined before a magistrate for 
 
 
 ■ 'if I 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
176 
 
 THK LIQUOR TRAFFIC. 
 
 ill 
 
 il 
 
 being drunk and disorderly, who has considerably less 
 liquor in him than the magistrate who convicts him. 
 
 Joseph — — , of , told me that he had been a mo- 
 derate drinker for forty years, and that he 'never was 
 drunk in his life ; and yet he was stoving with drink 
 while he uttered those words. He was saturated with 
 alcohol, and was in danger, if he came in contact with the 
 light, of adding to the list of those who died of sponta- 
 neous combustion. This man drank almost as much each 
 day as would make several drunk, but he timed it nicely 
 and just managed to keep on his feet, but was stupid 
 with drink all the time, and had difficulty in walking 
 straight. 0, how drinkers are deceiving themselves! — 
 they cannot see themselves. 
 
 You will also find that the rules which regulate every 
 legitimate department of business are inverted as regards 
 the drink traffic. It is the demand that regulates the 
 supply in every lawful trade. If you increase the num- 
 ber of bakers' shops, butchers' shops or grocery stores in 
 any village, you do not thereby increase the consumption 
 for said articles, but if you increase the number of tav- 
 erns you will find the demand augmented. The publi- 
 cans of Birmingham, England, admit this, for in a petition 
 which they presented to the British House of Commons, 
 they state, " We find that vice and crime are just in pro- 
 portion to the number of pubUc-houses, and the facilities 
 afforded for obtaining spirituous liquors." 
 
 It is also a first principle in every proper business to 
 develope it to its utmost extent, but the advocates of the 
 drinking usages wo\ild not consent to this. They want 
 
m 
 
 THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC, 
 
 177 
 
 )ly less 
 dm. 
 
 a me- 
 rer was 
 h drink 
 id with 
 nth the 
 sponta- 
 ich each 
 it nicely 
 B stupid 
 walking 
 jelves ! — 
 
 ite every 
 J regards 
 ates the 
 ihe num- 
 stores in 
 umption 
 jr of tav- 
 he publi- 
 L petition 
 ommons, 
 at in pro- 
 facilities 
 
 certain restrictions and limitations to be placed upon the 
 Drink traffic. We, however, are convinced that " it is 
 impossible satisfactorily to limit or regulate a system so 
 essentially mischievous in its tendencies." 
 
 In further proof that the rules which regulate every 
 proper business are inverted as regards the liquor traffic, 
 I would add : H. A. Massey, of Newcastle, is not ashamed 
 to send his mower and reaper to the World's Fair, and la- 
 bel them with his name and address ; but did you ever 
 know a tavern-keeper to send a few drunkards to the Ex- 
 hibition, and label them with his name and address ? I 
 never did ; and yet the mower and reaper are not more 
 certainly the result of the employment of Mr. H. A. Mas- 
 sey than are the inebriates the result of the traffic in 
 which the tavern-keepers are engaged. 
 
 Again, when men go to the bar, as a general rule they 
 drink anything that may be emptied out of a decanter; 
 but when they go to the dry goods merchant to purchase 
 cloth, they will ask " Is it all wool, sir ? " and they will 
 beat him down to the lowest possible price ; but at the 
 bar it is " Come along, boys ; have something to drink." 
 And they will take anything, no matter how it is adul- 
 terated, and pay for it without a grumble ; but when they 
 are getting an equivalent for their money, they will beat 
 the merchant and the mechanic down to the lowest pos- 
 sible price. 
 
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 isiness to 
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 ley 
 
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 LECTUKE VIII. 
 
 THE PHYSICAL, SOCIAL AND MENTAL EFFECTS 
 OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 IN proof that the Liquor Traffic is injurious to man as a 
 physical being, I refer to the aborigines of this country. 
 Since the " fire-water " has been introduced, the Red race 
 has degenerated sadly. A century ago they numbered 
 about sixteen million souls, and now they do not number 
 over two millions. All the Indian chiefs which I have 
 conversed with on the subject declare that the "fire- 
 water " has disgraced and killed many of their brethren, 
 and they are unanimous in wishing it banished from the 
 land. 
 
 But our observation is not confined to the Indians. 
 We have only to look round on the circle of our friends 
 and acquaintances, to see the injurious effects of alcohol 
 upon the physical system : there is the bloodshot eye, the 
 painted nose, the fevered lip, the trembling hand, the 
 tottering gait, and everything indicative of the wreck and 
 ruin that " strong drink " is effecting upon the physical 
 constitutions of thousands of our fellow-beings ; and, as 
 Dr. Justin Edwards remarked, "were the body trans- 
 pnrent, you would see the foot-piints of the enemy on 
 
 
V r 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 179 
 
 5'ECTS 
 
 an a8 a 
 ountry. 
 ed race 
 mbered 
 number 
 I have 
 "fire- 
 :ethren, 
 :om the 
 
 ndians. 
 friends 
 alcohol 
 eye, the 
 nd, the 
 eck and 
 )hysical 
 and, as 
 trans- 
 jmy on 
 
 the inside, long bofore you diacover thcni on the outHide." 
 Now, there is a religion of the body as well as a religion 
 of the mind. We are exhorted in Scripture to " Glorify 
 God in our bodies and in our spirits, which are His ;" and 
 " Do thyself no harm " is as much an injunction of the 
 Great Moral Governor of the Universe, as " Thou shalt 
 not kill." Yet, Cleopatra did not more certainly take 
 away her life when she applied the asp to her breast, than 
 are some men, who look upon the commands of the Most 
 High as obligatory, striking the suicidal blow to their 
 own existence by indulging in spirituous liquors. Nor 
 does the evil rest here. Dr. Darwia and other distin- 
 guished physicians assert that all the diseases arising 
 from drinking spirituous ^r fermented liquors are liable 
 to become hereditary, even to the third generation ; 
 gradually increasing, if the cause be continued, till the 
 family becomes extinct." 
 
 Much light of late has been thrown upon the injurious 
 nature of alcoholic drinks now in use. It is a fearful 
 fact that the most noxious and poisonous substances are 
 being resorted to in the manufacture of said liquors. 
 " Can a man take fire into *his bosom and his clothes not 
 be burned ?" The use of said drinks, even in small quan- 
 tities, is most destructive to health. Would that all who 
 drink were as honest as a certain J.P. that I met with a 
 few months ago. At the cIosq of one of my lectures, this 
 gentleman got up ana said : " Friends, you all know me ; 
 I have been born and brought up in your neighbour- 
 hood; I have been a strict moderate drinker for over 
 thirty yeaus. Not one of you can accuse me for having 
 
 
180 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 U . 
 
 \W 
 
 been once drunk ; and, yet, friends, although I have been 
 a strict moderate drinker in the common acceptation of 
 the term, I knust acknowledge that I have seriously 
 injured my health and undermined my constitution by 
 my so-called moderate drinking." Dr. Cheyne, of Dub- 
 lin, has given it as his opinion, after 30 years of medical 
 practice, observation and experience : " Let ten young 
 men begin, at 21 years of age, to use but one glass of 
 spirits of only two ounces a day, and never increase the 
 quantity : nine out often of those young men will shorten 
 life upon an average more than ten years." Besides, we 
 have the testimony of over 2,000 of the most distinguished 
 physicians in Europe and America to the fact, that " the 
 most perfect health is compatible with total abstinence 
 from all such intoxicating beverages, whether in the form 
 of ardent spirits, or as wine, beer, ale, porter, cider, etc." 
 And, notwithstanding all this, I have conversed with men 
 who use considerable spirituous liquors, who would con- 
 sider themselves insulted if you were to accuse them of 
 being intoxicated, or affirm that they were injured by in- 
 dulging in said drinks ; and some of them will even get 
 up in our Temperance meetings and state, " For 40 or 50 
 years I have been a moderate drinker, and before I came 
 to this meeting I drank three glasses, and feel nothing the 
 worse for it. Do you call me a drunkard, sir, or say I'm 
 injured by what I drink — eh ? " Now, some men of this 
 class might be compared to a sponge. Take a sponge 
 saturated with water and compress it, and the water will 
 ooze out ; so if you were to compress some such charac- 
 ters as I have just named, the alcohol might ooze out of 
 
ve been 
 ation of 
 sriously 
 tion by 
 of Dub- 
 medical 
 young 
 glass of 
 ase the 
 shorten 
 ides, we 
 guished 
 a,t "the 
 stinence 
 ihe form 
 er, etc." 
 ith men 
 Id con- 
 them of 
 1 by in- 
 ^en get 
 Oor 50 
 I came 
 ling the 
 say I'm 
 I of this 
 sponge 
 ter will 
 charac- 
 out of 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 181 
 
 every pore of their body ; and yet if you were to state 
 that they were drunkards, or that they were injured by 
 these liquors, they would be mightily offended. While a 
 man may stand up and declare that for so many years he 
 has used alcoholic stimulants moderately and has not be- 
 come a drunkard, let him only deal honestly and look 
 back upon the past, and while he may have escaped as 
 with the skin of a tooth, how many of his school-mates 
 and companions, by following his example, may have 
 fallen into drunkards' graves. The man, therefore, who 
 lives to a good old age, notwithstanding his intemperate 
 habits, lives in spite of his drinking, not on account of it. 
 Some of the best constitutions are reduced to mere 
 wrecks, and that in a very short period, by drink ; and I 
 believe that much of the physical debility of the present 
 age is attributable to this cause. 
 
 Dr. Caldwell says : " By habits of intemperance, they 
 not only degrade and ruin themselves, hut transmit the 
 elements of like degradation and ruin to their posterity. 
 This is no visionary conjecture, the fruit of a favourite 
 and long-cherished theory. It is a settled belief resulting 
 from observation — an inference derived from innumer- 
 able facts!' These are weighty statements ; and all are 
 ready to admit that soundness of body and mind has 
 much to do with the true prosperity of a nation. Why, 
 then, not at once admit the right of a legal power in the 
 hands of an enlightened people to interfere with any 
 business that produces such effects ? 
 
 There are thousands of living witnesses to prove what 
 two thousand medical men have testified, that the most 
 
 11 
 
 ill 
 ill 
 
 1^ 
 
 ti. 
 
 it'.- § 
 
 
 ■ I, 
 1 
 
 m 
 W 
 
182 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 perfect health is compatible with total abstinence from 
 all intoxicating liquors ; and the truth is, a man in health 
 no more requires alcoholic liquors than a duck requires an 
 umbrella. 
 
 " Here, then," cried Seneca, describing the fatal effects 
 of drunkenness, "the hero unconquered by' the toils of 
 prodigious marches, exposed to the dangers of sieges and 
 combats, to the most violent extremes of heat and cold ; 
 here he lies subdued by his intemperance, struck to the 
 earth by the fatal cup of Hercules." 
 
 It IS alarming the social evils and miseries that are in- 
 flicted upon society by this traffic. A world of woe is in 
 that one word drunkenness ; its very utterance fills our 
 minds with trouble, and there are few who can look round 
 upon the circle of their friends and say, " That foul mon- 
 ster never injured any one belonging to me!" It has 
 made inroads into many a once happy family circle ; it has 
 converted the Bethel into a Brothel ; it has transformed 
 the once affectionate father into a fiend,. and made the 
 once devoted mother treacherous, cruel and unkind. 
 
 Many a fond mother to-night is sitting in her almost 
 empty dwelling, while the chill winds are whistling their 
 night dirge through her once comfortable but now desolate 
 home. There with sorrowful heart she rocks and sings 
 " Hush, my dear, lie still and slumber," while her husbajid 
 is away at the tavern, spending his money " for that which 
 is not bread ; " there he sits, furnishing the tavern-keeper's 
 dwelling, while his own is almost empty ; supplying the 
 tavern-keeper's children with bread, while his own are 
 starving, and "the wee mice micht be seen runniDg through 
 
EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 183 
 
 ce from 
 1 health 
 aires an 
 
 I effects 
 toils of 
 ^es and 
 d cold ; 
 s: to the 
 
 are in- 
 oe is in 
 ills our 
 k round 
 111 mon- 
 It has 
 ; it has 
 iformed 
 ide the 
 I. 
 
 almost 
 g their 
 esolate 
 sings 
 usbajid 
 i which 
 :eeper'8 
 ng the 
 vn are 
 tirough 
 
 his ain cupboard with tears in their een, because they 
 canna get any crumbs tae eat." 
 
 It is worthy of remark that, just in proportion as a 
 man begins to love strong drink, the love of house, love 
 of home, love of wife, love of children, love of everything 
 that should be dear and sacred to a man, diminishes in 
 the same proportion. 
 
 There was a man in Scotland named John , one of 
 
 nature's noblemen ; he got married to Sarah , one 
 
 of the most gentle, loving and affectionate of her sex. 
 For the first few years of their married life, all was joy 
 and sunshine ; but, unfortunately, by following the drink- 
 ing customs, John acquired an appetite for liquor. He 
 would squander his earnings at the public-house, and pre- 
 fer his pot companions to the wife he once so fondly loved* 
 A few years wrought a wonderful change in John and his 
 circumstances ; and yet Sarah, womanlike, clung to him 
 as the ivy to the ruined building, nor did she cease to 
 plead with God in private for him ; she loved with a love 
 stronger than death, and her " Father which seeth in se- 
 cret himself" rewarded her " openly." One Sabbath even- 
 ing John returned home after a long carousal ; he spent a 
 miserable night, and in the morning he said to his wife, 
 " Sarah, I want you tae gang awa to the publican, and 
 ask him for the len o' seven shillings till Saturday liicht.'' 
 " Weel, John, I dinna like tae gang, but if I maun gang I 
 wul gang, but I dinna like tae gang, John." " Come, noo 
 get ready fast, and gang awa tae the publican, and ask 
 him for the len o' seven shillings till Saturday nicht.'* 
 And did ever vou observe a poor drunkard' 
 
 III 
 
 you 
 
 going 
 
184 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 off to t, publican to ask an obligement ? She put an old 
 threadbare shawl about her head, and only leaving room 
 for her eyes, that she might not stumble, off she wandered. 
 At length she reached the public-house, and was met by 
 a fine, rosy-cheeked landlady, who accosted her thus : — 
 " What brought you here this morning, Sarah ?" " Oh, 
 what brought me here ? John sent me tae see if you would 
 be sae good as tae len' him seven shillings till Saturday 
 nicht." " Umph ! I'm no sic a fule as a' that. You should 
 rather pray for his death, Sarah. Has he no been the big- 
 gest curse ye hae met wi', the drunken vagabond ? I would 
 rather gie something tae bury him, and get him oot o' the 
 road, woman." " Is that what ye say noo, after John has 
 spent a' his hard earnings wi' you for the last six or seven 
 years ? Ye say I should pray for his death. No, no ! I'll 
 no pray for his death, but I'll tell you what I'll pray for ; 
 I'll pray that God may gie him strength as long as he 
 lives that he may never darken your door, nor anither 
 publican's door," and, suiting the action to the word, she 
 whirled round and walked home. " Pray for his death ! " 
 thought she; " no, no; he wasna aye a drunkard until he 
 gaed tae the drunkard-maker and was converted into ane ; 
 besides, he's my ain husband, and ' wi' a' his faults I lo'e 
 him still.'" 
 
 With this she entered. John was anxiously waiting 
 her return, and as she approached he scanned her every 
 feature aa he inquired, " Did ye get it ? did ye get it ? " 
 " No, no, I didna get it." " What did she say ?" " Oh, 
 what did she say ? Dinna ask me, John." " Tell me this 
 minute what she said." " Weel, John, she said I should 
 
 
EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 18& 
 
 
 pray for ycur " (with this she burst into a flood of 
 
 tears.) " Tell me," cried the husband, " tell me this minute 
 what she said, or I'll knock you doon as flat as a flounder.'* 
 " Weel, John, keep quate and I'll tell you. She said that 
 
 I should pray for your " " Oot wi' it," cried John. 
 
 " ' Pray for your death,' she said ; but I said * No, no, I'll 
 no pray for his death, but I'll tell you what I'll pray for ; 
 I'll pray that God may gie him strength as long as he 
 lives that he may never darken your door nor anither 
 publican's door :' and come noo, John, gang down on 
 your knees, John, and we'll pray God tae give you that 
 strength." John was submissive ; he knelt beside his 
 wife, while she sent up her earnest prayer to the throne 
 of grace, that God would enable her husband to make and 
 to keep that resjlution. Afterwards they went to the 
 secretary of the Temperance Society and enrolled their 
 names. John returned to his employer, told him what he 
 had done, and asked for work. His employer kindly re- 
 plied, " John, you shall have work while there is a job of 
 work in the shop." John was a good workman (and it is 
 those men who are in most danger of being led astray). 
 He applied himself diligently throughout the week ; at 
 length Saturday night came, and with it hopes and fears 
 alternately occupied Sarah's mind. At length she heard 
 his footstep, and, thank God, he was sober. When he en- 
 tered, he looked into his wife's face with a smilo, and said ; 
 " Sarah, sit down ; hold your lap, woman " (you all know 
 how a woman holds her apron when she expects to get 
 anything), and he emptied his earnings into her lap, as 
 the little ones cried, " Come and see this ; my faither has 
 
 W 
 
 
186 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 ! ) I 
 
 it '. 
 
 emptied thousands of shillings into mither's apron." Pre- 
 sently tbs baker's boy entered with some bread, and the 
 grocer's lad with some gi'oceries, and the little ones thought 
 their father was going to open a grocery shop. Such is 
 the blessed effects of temperance. 
 
 Dr. Franklin, in summing up the domestic evils of 
 drunkenness, said : " Houses without windows, gardens 
 without fences, children without clothing, principles, 
 morals or manners." 
 
 Dirt, disorder and discord are its effects; scolding, 
 swearing and fighting its results ; lying, stealing and im- 
 prisonment its fruits ; disease, wretchedness and starvation 
 its natural consequences. In fact, it is the monster social 
 evil — the plague spot — the gr^nd impediment in the way 
 of all genuine reform. 
 
 A poor drunkard was once pursued by the police, and 
 for safety he ran into the publican's parlour ; and as he 
 looked at the beautiful furniture and costl}' paintings, he 
 inquired " Where did you get all them nice things ? " 
 " From you fools," replied the landlady. " Well," thought 
 the poor inebriate, " I've been a fool too long ; I'll fool no 
 more ;" and he became a sober man, and furnished his own 
 parlour and bought silk dresses for his own wife. 
 
 Ye working men, I would warn you against drinking. 
 A poor man once lay intoxicated opposite a tavern bar. 
 " What is this fellow doing here?" inquired a customer. 
 " O, never mind him," repHed the landlord, " he is taking 
 shingles off his own house to put them on mine." The 
 man was not insensible, though intoxicated ; he heard 
 what passed and profited by it as well, and he resolved 
 
EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 187 
 
 n." Pre- 
 
 , and the 
 
 s thought 
 
 Such ig 
 
 evils of 
 , gardens 
 irinciples, 
 
 scolding, 
 
 and im- 
 
 tarvation 
 
 iter social 
 
 the way 
 
 •lice, and 
 ad as he 
 tings, he 
 things?" 
 
 thought 
 1 fool no 
 
 his own 
 
 Irinking. 
 era bar. 
 ustomer. 
 s taking 
 3." The 
 le heard 
 resolved 
 
 be would no longer shingle other people's houses, so he 
 left off drinking. Some time after the tavern-keeper met 
 him : " Well, Jemmy, what are you doing these times ? 
 it's a long while since I saw you. Where did you get them 
 nice clofches, Jemmy ?" " Well, landlord, as to what I have 
 been doing, I have been shingling my own house, not 
 yours ; and as to these new clothes, I bought and paid for 
 them with the money I would have spent at your bar, 
 only the last time I was there I overheard you say I was 
 taking shingles off my own house and putting them on 
 yours ; and indeed it was very true, for my house was be- 
 ginning to leak pretty bad." 
 
 Dr. David Livingstone, the celebrated African traveller, 
 says the only thing he is proud of is, that one of his fore- 
 fathers was renowned for wisdom and prudence. On his 
 death-bed he gathered his children around him and said : 
 " None of your forefathers could ever be charged with 
 dishonesty, so if you are dishonest it does not run in the 
 blood. So my last charge to you is, 'be honest.' " 
 
 Certainly there is no grander sight in the world than to 
 behold the honest poor man as he struggles hard to earn 
 an honest living. Working men are the golden pillars of 
 society ; it is to the working men the rich are indebted 
 for the many comforts and luxuries they enjoy. They brave 
 the stormy ocean to fetch from foreign climes rich fruits 
 and precious delicacies with which the rich maj? gratify 
 their tastes ; they build that noble mansion, from which 
 you look upon the surrounding country; they till the soil; 
 they build that carriage in which you ride; that yacht 
 in which you sail for pleasure ; that sofa on which you 
 
 i 
 
 'h 
 
188 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 n < 
 
 recline in ease. Then why should not the working men 
 give their hair an aristocratic sweep, and enjoy the fruit 
 of their toil ? Drink is the worst master that the poor 
 man ever served. 
 
 What social dehasement hast thou wrought, foul In- 
 temperance — ^how hast thou injured the most promising 
 members of society ! Some of our noblest and most gifted 
 sons have been ruined, and by thy treacherous power 
 some of our fairest daughters have been sacrificed. 
 
 TEE MENTAL EFFECTS OF INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 It is all moonshine to say that total abstinence is good 
 enough for the vulgar, the unlettered and the working 
 classes ; both high and low, rich and poor, noble and mean, 
 have been mined by drink. We could almost weep for 
 those of immortal memory, gifted with extraordinary ta- 
 lents, and possessed of rare natural genius, who by these 
 deluding customs have been drawn into the vortex of in- 
 temperance. 
 
 Witness the cases of Byron, Burns and Edgar Allan Poe, 
 three illustrious poets who fell victims to the killing in- 
 fluences and tendencies of this fearful indulgence. 
 
 Ye men of letters, who work with head and brain, take 
 warning. Some of the most clever men who ever played 
 their part upon the theatre of life have been overcome. 
 Intemperance has brought ministers down from the sacred 
 desk ; orators, statesmen and philosophers have been ruin- 
 ed by drink ; men of ten talents, giants in intellect and 
 brilliant in genius ; kings, warriors and earthly potentates 
 have been slain by King Alcohol. There is to be seen 
 
EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 189 
 
 ing men 
 the fruit 
 ihe poor 
 
 foul In- 
 •omisiiig 
 st gifted 
 J power 
 I 
 
 is good 
 wrorking 
 d mean, 
 reep for 
 lary ta- 
 >y these 
 X of in- 
 
 an Poe, 
 ing in- 
 
 in, take 
 played 
 ercome. 
 ) sacred 
 n ruin- 
 ct and 
 entates 
 )e seen 
 
 wandering through the streets of London an old grey- 
 headed man accompanied by his miserable-looking wife ; 
 he carries a tin in one hand and a staff in the other, while 
 he looks for charity from the passers-by. Who is that old 
 man ? But a few years since he was a respected and influ- 
 ential minister of the church, but drink, love of drink, 
 caused him to be deposed from his sacred office, and now 
 he wanders a poor object begging his bread. Who are 
 those miserable-looking objects we see dragging their steps 
 into yonder splendid gin palace ? They look like persons 
 who had risen from the grave to get a last glass, and had 
 forgotten their way back again. Fashionable young gen- 
 tlemen gather up the skirts of their coats as they pass 
 them, lest^ they should get them soiled. Those young 
 gentlemen call for wine, beer, ale, brandy, or whatever 
 they fancy, but these miserable creatures ask for a penny- . 
 worth of " all sorts." Now, "all sorts" is well named : the 
 counters are covered with zinc, with holes perforated in 
 it, and a vessel is kept to contain the dregs that are 
 spilled, and this is called "all sorts." But did those poor 
 creatures begin with drinking " all sorts ?" No ! Many of 
 them are men of education; many of them were once lead- 
 ing and influential members of society ; but they have 
 descended by drink, and many of those who now despise 
 them will ere long, we fear, be as low as they are. 
 
 O, young man, if thou would'st ascend the scale of intel- 
 lectual eminence, avoid drinking. Remember, while "there 
 is no royal road to intellectual eminence," that the tavern, 
 instead of giving an impetus to your aspirations after 
 knowledge, will contrariwise keep you back; you must not 
 
 |:Mi 
 
 I 
 
 M 
 
190 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 loiter about the bar-room, but you must study hard and 
 work hard to attain your object, remembering that — 
 
 " Those heights by great men reached and kept, 
 Were not attained by sadden flight ; 
 But they, while their companions slept, 
 Were toiling upward in the night." 
 
 Sir Wm. Hamilton had the following aphorism above 
 his study door : " In the world there is nothing great but 
 man, and in man there is nothing great but mind." And 
 is it not very humiliating that man so endowed, with a 
 mind open to the infinite and destined to the eternal, 
 should by drink become debased and degraded ? 
 
 Mind elevates man above the brute creation, and makes 
 liim but " a little lower than the angels." It is the great- 
 est work of God. All else is dust ; but the mind is im- 
 mortal, immaterial, incorruptible as the everlasting Jeho- 
 vah. If you ascend those everlasting mountains, the tops 
 of which have been covered with snow ever since crea- 
 tion dawned, howsoever broad their base, majestic their 
 height, or ponderous their weight, they are but matter ; 
 they cannot think, feel, nor reflect, and these, together 
 with 
 
 " The cloud-capped towers, the gorgeous palaces, 
 The great globe itself, shall melt away, 
 And, like the baseless fabric of a vision. 
 Leave not a wreck behind." 
 
 But when the stars shall fall like fig leaves from heaven, 
 and the earth pass away as a scroll, man shall outlive 
 them all, and survive the " wreck of nature and the crash 
 of worlds." 
 
ard and 
 
 a above 
 reat but 
 ." And 
 with a 
 eternal, 
 
 d malices 
 le great- 
 l is im- 
 g Jeho- 
 the tops 
 ce crea- 
 ic their 
 matter ; 
 ogether 
 
 heaven, 
 outlive 
 18 crash 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 191 
 
 By mind man can look abroad upon the vast universe 
 of God, and view the variety, beauty, and usefulness of 
 those gifts which the Almighty has spread with such 
 bountiful hand. It digs down into the bowels of the 
 earth and throws light upon the past ; it studies the ani- 
 mal and vegetable kingdoms, with its three hundred 
 thousand varieties of the former, and its hundreds of 
 thousands of the latter ; it examines the minute and com- 
 prehends the great, from the mite to the elephant, from 
 the shrimp to the whale ; it throws its tape line around 
 the globe, and fathoms the depths of angry ocean. 
 
 It wings its flight to the starry heavens ; it contem- 
 plates the size of those heavenly bodies, their distances 
 from the sun, and the amazing celerity of their move- 
 ments. 
 
 It looks from nature up to nature's God, and contem- 
 plates the Deity, who summons into being with like ease 
 the whole creation or a single grain, and exclaims : 
 
 '* These are thy wondrous works, parent of good, 
 Almighty ! thine this universal frame. 
 Thus wondrous fair, thyself how wondrous then 1" 
 
 Yea, it raises him to the very heavens ; he muses upon 
 the august throne of the eternal ; he beholds the spheres 
 rolling beneath his feet, obeying the impulses of Him at 
 whose behest they sprang into being, aad by whose Al- 
 mighty arm they have been kept in motion till this hour, 
 and it enables him to commingle his songs with the blood- 
 royal of heaven. And oh ! to think that a mind capable 
 of such expansion here, and such advancement in heaven, 
 
 1 
 
 I i 
 
 ill 
 
 
 ; I 
 
192 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 that instead of it enjoying God, and basking in his smile 
 for ever — " a perpetuity of bliss is bliss," — it should be 
 niiTied and made eternally miserable by drink. The very 
 thought is awful, and rouses every manly feeling in my 
 soul, so that I hate drink with a perfect hatred. 
 
 Philanthropists, ye that love the race, " haste to the 
 rescue." The drinking usages are retarding our progress 
 and development, stunting mental and moiul growth, and 
 withering much that once was full of promise. 
 
 Drink has hurled reason from its lofty seat, and left 
 nothing but the wildest fancy playing like the forked 
 lightning through the shattered walls of a ruined castle ; 
 it has sundered the fondest ties that ever pure affection 
 bound together ; it has bloated the fairest features that 
 ever smiled around the family hearth ; it has made the 
 happiest homes wretched ; it has made the strongest men 
 powerless ; it has fevered the most marvellous brain ; it 
 has silenced the most eloquent tongue ; it has closed the 
 brightest eye that ever flashed in human countenance ; it 
 has laid cold in death the warmest hand that ever shook 
 in human friendship ; and has made for ever silent 
 the pulsations of as warm a heart as ever beat in human 
 bosom. 
 
 Many of the brightest luminaries in the world of 
 science, and some stars of the very first magnitude in the 
 great galaxy of human intellect, have had their resplen- 
 dent light for ever dimmed by the black presence of the 
 demon Drink. 
 
 Ah! when we take into consideration the fact that 
 many, very many, of the most gifted men that have ever 
 
EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 193 
 
 b.is smile 
 hould be 
 The very 
 g in my 
 
 3 to the 
 progress 
 wth, and 
 
 and left 
 e forked 
 i castle ; 
 affection 
 ires that 
 lade the 
 'est men 
 ►rain ; it 
 3sed the 
 ance ; it 
 r shook 
 ■ silent 
 human 
 
 rorld of 
 e in the 
 resplen- 
 of the 
 
 <ct that 
 ive ever 
 
 lived have become victims to this vice, we are admonished 
 
 to beware. One day Mr. , a writer for the |)res8, 
 
 called to bon*ow fourpence from the writer ; tho week 
 before he had received thirty-seven pounds ten shillings 
 atg. from the London Times for an article which he had 
 written. 
 
 Wlio can estimate the injury inflicted by drink ? 
 
 What if Newton's judgment had been impaired by 
 drink when he saw the apple fall which suggested the 
 law of gravitation. 
 
 What if Watt had been intoxicated when the boiling 
 tea-kettle suggested the power of steam. 
 
 What if Lawrence Koster had been under the influence 
 of liquor when he cut the letters on the smooth bark of a 
 tree, which suggested the art of printing.' And yet these 
 and other important discoveries have originated in con- 
 ceptions faint enough to be extinguished in a glass of 
 wine ; and who can tell the loss the world has sustained 
 by the stupefying influences of strong drink ? 
 
 The noblest product of a nation is its men. Whatever 
 improves or elevates men increases the power of the na- 
 tion ; while, on the other hand, whatever weakens or de- 
 bases men diminishes the power of the commonwealth. 
 
 Now, shall we have a sober or a drunken Dominion ? 
 
 Would you see Canada thrive in material prosperity, 
 rise in moral grandeur, and advance in true piety, then 
 discountenance the drinking customs of society. The 
 root and origin of all true property is the mind and intel- 
 lect, and the most real property is the minds of the in- 
 dividuals who compose the nation. 
 
 N 
 
194 
 
 EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRAFFIC. 
 
 i 
 
 ''■?"*?<!»«»»■ ^fc-*-'' 
 
 i 
 
 The brain is the great central organ of the nervous 
 system, where the mind has its seat. The nervous sys- 
 tem might be compared to a Ijelegraph — the nerves are the 
 wires, and the brain the central office. Professor Miller 
 states that " The brain suffers most injury (from the 
 effects of alcohol), both in structure and function ; but 
 there is no vital organ in the body in which there is not 
 induced, sooner or later, more or less disorder and 
 disease." 
 
 Hugh Miller says: "Two whole glasses of whisky 
 came to my share. A full-grown man would not have 
 (jeemed a gill of usquebagh an over-dose, but it was 
 considerably too much for me ; and when the party broke 
 up and I got home to my books, I found, as I opened the 
 pages of a favourite author, the letters dancing before my 
 eyes, and that I could no longer master the sense. I have 
 the volume at present before me — a small edition of the 
 'Essays* of Bacon. The condition into which I had 
 brought myself was, I felt, one of degradation. I had 
 sunk, by my own act, for the time, to a lower level of in- 
 telligence than that on which it was my privilege to be 
 placed ; and though the state could have been no very 
 favourable one for forming a resolution, I in that hour 
 determined that I should never again sacrifice my ca- 
 pacity of intellectual enjoyment to a drinking usage, 
 and with God's help I was enabled to hold by the deter- 
 mination.** 
 
 Sir Fowell Buxton has remarked that " a man of genius 
 without perseverance may run the career of a rocket, but 
 can never be a star j and he that has perseverance without 
 
EFFECTS OF THE DRINK TRArFIC. 
 
 195 
 
 nervous 
 oua sys- 
 s are the 
 or Miller 
 xom the 
 ion; but 
 jre is not 
 rder and 
 
 : whisky 
 not have 
 Lt it was 
 ,rty broke 
 Dened the 
 before my 
 le. I have 
 )n of the 
 5h I had 
 a. I had 
 ivel of in- 
 !ge to be 
 no very 
 ;hat hour 
 ;e my ca- 
 tg usage, 
 [he deter- 
 
 I of genius 
 [jket, but 
 1 without 
 
 genius will be a bright and steady star, but can never be 
 
 a sun ; but the man who has genius and perseverance 
 
 combined will be the sun of his own system," We ask 
 
 you then to persevere in your attainments, to avoid the 
 
 tavern and the drinking usages, and to take for your 
 motto : 
 
 " Higher, higher let me climb, 
 Up to the mount of glory, 
 That my name may ever shine 
 In my country's story." 
 
 Earl Russell said, " I am convinced there is no cause 
 more likely to elevate the people in every respect, whe- 
 ther as regards religion or political opinions, or as regards 
 literary or moral culture, than this great question of tem- 
 perance." 
 
 
 ti 
 
 
T 
 
 LECTURE IX. 
 
 THE MORAL AND RELIGIOUS ASPECTS OF THE 
 
 QUESTION. 
 
 THE drinking usage is injurious to man as a moral being, 
 the publicans themselves being judges. In the Bir- 
 mingham publicans' report to the House of Commons, there 
 is the following startling paragraph (startling as coming 
 from the publicans themselves) : " That it is clearly shovirn 
 by Parliamentary Returns, that vice and drunkenness are 
 in proportion to the number of public-houses and the fa- 
 cilities for obtaining intoxicating drinks." Besides, often 
 have publicans rented a house in the country to prevent 
 their children from coming in contact with those who 
 frequent their place of business; and I have known a gro- 
 cer and publican who would not allow his daughters to 
 cross over or serve on the whisky side. 
 
 Some time ago a minister related the following at the 
 close of a temperance meeting : " Travelling in the County 
 of Victoria with some other ministers, we put up at a 
 tavern. While warming ourselves by the fire until the 
 dinner would be prepared, I heard a strange sound ia the 
 back part of the house, and I asked the landlady what 
 caused that noise. She replied, " It is a parrot, sir." 
 
ASPECTS OF THE Q* ifiSTION. 
 
 197 
 
 FTHE 
 
 1 being, 
 
 ;he Bir- 
 
 18, there 
 
 coming 
 
 f shown 
 
 aess are 
 
 the fa- 
 
 is, often 
 
 prevent 
 
 )se who 
 
 1 a gro- 
 
 iters to 
 
 at the 
 County 
 up at a 
 ti: the 
 1 in the 
 y what 
 ot, sir." 
 
 " Why don't you keep it in the bar?" I asked. "It 
 would be a source of entertainment to travellers," I added. 
 She answered that she did formerly keep it in the bar, 
 but it was beginning to learn to swear, and she " had to 
 put it in the back part of the house to keep it from swear- 
 ing." Now, there stood beside her a dear little girl, and 
 yet, while the landlady was fearful that the morals of the 
 parrot might become corrupted if it remained in the bar, 
 she seemed to forget that her own dear children were 
 growing up under the blighting influence of the bar-room. 
 
 John CasseU, in his able paper upon Education, states 
 that, in order to test what became of Sabbath scholars 
 after they had left the school, a circular was addressed 
 to the chaplains of the principal prisons in England, Scot- 
 land and Wales, when by their report it appeared that 
 out of ten thousand three hundred and sixty-one in- 
 mates, six thousand five hundred and seventy-two had 
 been Sabbath scholars. Hence arose the question, " What 
 is the cause of this ? " Answer, " Almost uniformly, strong 
 drink is the cause." Sunday-school teachers, teach Total 
 Abstinence in your schools, or drink will undo your 
 efforts. 
 
 The popular historian, Sir A. Alison, says of the re- 
 cords of the Glasgow House of Refuge : — 
 
 " These highly curious annals of crime show, in the 
 clearest manner, the fatal influences of the drinking of 
 whisky upon the lowest classes of the people, for out of 
 234 boys who arc at present in the? institution, it appears 
 from their own account that the drunkenness of their 
 parents stood thus : — 
 
 i-; ■ 
 
 ! I 
 
 I 
 
198 
 
 ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 , IJ 
 
 
 Had dninken fathers 72 
 
 Had drunken mothers 62 
 
 Had both father and mothers drunken. 69 
 
 So that upwards of two-thirds of the boys in the institu- 
 tion have been precipitated into crime through the use of 
 liquor by one or both of their parents. 
 
 CRIME IN LIVERPOOL. 
 
 The report of Major Greig, head constable of Liverpool, 
 on the state of crime in the borough. Census taken 29th 
 September, 1868. 
 Total number of licensed houses 2,698 
 
 RESULTS. 
 
 Apprehended for drunk and disorderly, drunk and 
 
 incapable, and drunk and asLiaults 16,770 
 
 Number brought to the Detective Office and Bride- 
 well, but not locked up 3,010 
 
 It has been estimated that every public-house in Liver- 
 pool makes ten paupers annually. 
 
 Every two public-houses keep a policeman. Every 
 public-house sends eight persons to the police court. 
 
 Every public-house imposes a tax of one hundred and 
 sixty pounds per annum upon the ratepayers. 
 
 At -he great Permissive Bill banquet in Manchester, 
 19th April, 1865, Sir Walter C. Trevelyan, Bart., said, in 
 speaking of the drink traffic : " Too well it does the nefa- 
 rious work, as is shown by the ghastly annals of our gaols 
 aad gallows, our poor-houset and taad-houses, our hoe^i- 
 
<A.SPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 199 
 
 gaols 
 hospi- 
 
 tals and cemeteries, our penitentiaries and reformatories, 
 our brothels and other dens of vice ; not to mention the 
 countless victims whose sad career, though not exposed 
 to public view, bring unutterable lamentation and woe 
 and sorrow to the domestic hearth. Few are able to es- 
 cape its destroying power ; for, worse than the dire hosts 
 of war, pestilence and famine, which cease from their 
 cruel work after they have run their appointed course, 
 the work of this army never ceases, its commanders are 
 never satisfied, but go on, dealing death and destruction 
 around, night and day, from year end to year end." 
 
 In the British Parliament, Sir Morton Peto called the 
 attention of the House to the fearful state of immorality 
 around our camps and dockyards, and stated that in Ply- 
 mouth alone there were nine hundred prostitutes under 
 the age of fifteen years ; and could you go to them and 
 inquire how they became seduced, you would find that 
 drink had much to do in effecting their ruin and shame. 
 Not only does drink nerve the assassin's arm, but it also 
 gives the deceiver a mighty advantage in accomplishing 
 his deeds of wickedness. 
 
 Wendell Phillips, in a speech delivered in the City of 
 Boston some time since, stated : " In ten years, forty-five 
 men out of every hundred in this peninsula of Boston are 
 arrested for crime ; forty -five out of every hundred, 
 nearly one-half of the population, in ten years pass 
 through the station-house or the gaol. Now, go with 
 me to Berkshire County, in this State (Mass.), where 
 the law against the liquor traffic is enforced ; Icss^tlian 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
200 
 
 ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. • 
 
 two men out of one hundred are subjected to imprison- 
 ment in that county." 
 
 Owing to the democratic foreign population of Boston* 
 the law was not enforced in the city. 
 
 On the 28th of April, 1865, a very large meeting wcjn 
 held in Dublin, for the total suppression of the liquor 
 traffic. After dwelling upon the statement that the traf- 
 fic is immoral in its tendency and criminal iu its results, 
 the mover of the first resolution stated among other things 
 the following startling facts : " When they consumed in 
 Ireland, in four years, two million gallons less of spirits, 
 they had 22,000 less paupers, and j5214,000 less poor 
 rates ; when 2s. a gallon was added to the duty, they had 
 19,300 less committals to prison than when the duty was 
 low. In Scotland the Sunday closing reduced the com- 
 mittals in Edinburgh by three-fourths, and a new gaol 
 projected was never erected because it ceased to be neces- 
 sary. In Glasgow, with all its drunkenness, while its 
 population increased by 67,000, its criminals decreased by 
 18,500 under the operation of Sunday closing of public- 
 houses. Oliver Goldsmith, their own countryman, who was 
 no teetotaler, said, " In all the towns and coimties I have 
 ever seen, I never saw a city or village where miseries 
 were not in proportion to the number of public-houses." 
 
 Extract from a Report of a Comrrdttee appovnted hy the 
 Canadian ParliAiment, February 2Uh, 1859. 
 
 1. That indulgence in the use of intoxicating liquors is 
 flie jause of most of the suffering and sorrow, the poverty 
 ii id crime which afflict Upper Canada ; and, 
 
ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 201 
 
 pnson- 
 
 Boston' 
 
 ng wcjs 
 I liquor 
 he traf- 
 resuJts, 
 r things 
 imed in 
 spirits, 
 is poor 
 ley had 
 ity was 
 le com- 
 Bw gaol 
 3 neces- 
 hile its 
 ased by 
 
 public- 
 rhowas 
 
 I have 
 aiseries 
 ises." 
 
 by ihe 
 
 uorsis 
 overty 
 
 2. That it is the duty of Parliament to mitigate, dimin- 
 ish, and if possible to extirpate the cause of these evils. 
 
 Extract from reply of G. L. Allan, Esq., Governor of 
 Toronto Gaol, to queries addressed to same Committee. 
 
 From my experience in such matters, having been now 
 going on 14 years dealing with them, I unhesitatingly 
 assert, that were the criminals not actually committed 
 for drunkenness analyzed, it would be found that three- 
 fourths of them committed the offences with which they 
 were charged through the agency, directly or indirectly, 
 of intoxicating drinks. 
 
 Through the drinking customs of society the once white 
 garments have become sullied ; those who stood high on 
 their moral elevation have been hurled down into deepest 
 degradation, and there they have writhed ancf groaned, 
 and at last expired. 
 
 The effect of indulgence in strong drink is set forth by 
 Professor Miller, in his admirable work on " Alcohol : its 
 Place and Power." He says : " What is specially human 
 is lessened ; what is merely animal is intensified ; the 
 passions rise rebelliously, and defy all moral control ; and 
 the man becomes, under his own act, what the law has 
 quaintly termed him, * Voluntarius demon.' He is tem- 
 porarily insane, and fitted for any act of violence to him- 
 self or others." 
 
 Drink is the great cause of most of the crime that is 
 perpetrated in the land. 
 
 Between Ross and Waterford there is a heap of stones 
 placed, to commemorate the murder of Mr. Leonard by 
 
 i: I 
 
 
202 
 
 ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 Thomas Malone. Malone's mother sent him out to com- 
 mit the bloody act, but when he saw Mr. Leonard he had 
 not the hardihood to perpetrate so foul a deed, and re- 
 turned and told his mother that when ho looked in the 
 gentleman's face he smiled so pleasantly that he could not 
 kill him. The mother, however, was not to be thwarted 
 in this way, and taking from the press a bottle of poteen 
 (home-made whisky, very strong), and handing it to her 
 son, she said, " Here, drink that." He drank it, and while 
 under its influence he committed the murder that he re- 
 fused to do when sober. Yes, my friends, drink nerves 
 the assassin's arm ! Malone was tried, found guilty, and 
 sentenced to be hanged. After sentence had been pro- 
 nounced, Malone turned round in court to an aged woman, 
 with grey hair, and addressed her thui : " Mother, twice 
 you made me do it. When I returned home and told you 
 I could not find in my heart to kill so innocent a looking 
 man, you handed me a bottle of poteen, and said ' Drink 
 that,' and when I drank it, and was robbed of ray senses, 
 I killed the gentleman. Mother, 'twas you made me do 
 it, and I'll curse you with my last breath." 0, parents, 
 do not encourage your children to drink ; they may begin 
 to drink soon enough, to your shame and to your sorrow, 
 but O, if they will drink, do not you teach them. 
 
 THE RELIGIOUS ASPECT. 
 
 Who, I ask, is to suppress this mighty Hydra ? I believe 
 that Temperance Reform is legitimately the work of 
 the Church, and I would despair of success in this glorious 
 ^i^terprise if I did not believe that the day is fast ap- 
 
 
ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 203 
 
 
 proaching when the Church shall enter earnestly and 
 heartily into this movement. I do sincerely believe that 
 outside the Church there is not moral power enough to 
 suppress this evil ; hence, we solicit the co-operation of 
 all Christian men and women, and ask you, both by pre- 
 cept and example, to frown down those customs. Let the 
 ministers and members of Cliristian Churches withdraw 
 their support from the drinking customs of society, and 
 there is no power on earth, nor in hell, that can withstand 
 our progress. 
 
 Which of the ten commandments has not been, and 
 hourly is not being broken by drink ? I hesitate not in 
 affirming, that the Church (with some noble exceptions) 
 is asleep in reference to this evil. O ! in view of the 
 terrible havoc which drink is making, the alarm note 
 should be sounded from every pulpit, and the people 
 warned of the danger of tampering with strong drink. 
 0, ye watchmen in Zion, hear the pleadings of one who 
 was all but ruined by the alluring customs, and remember 
 Ezekiel xxxiii., 6th verse — " But if the watchman see 
 the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, and the people 
 be not warned ; if the sword come and take any person 
 from among them, he is taken away in his iniquity ; but 
 his blood will I require at the watchman's hand." A 
 worse destroyer than the sword is in our midst, not only 
 killing the body but ruining the souls of thousands around 
 us. O, it is a responsible and important as well as a 
 sacred office, that of the minister of God. And few can 
 form any estimate of the power which he exerts over 
 those committed to his care. How very re<|uisite tbez^ 
 
 t iL 
 
204 
 
 ASPECTS OV THE QUESTION. 
 
 1 ' 
 
 that the ambassador should be faithful in discharging his 
 solemn duties, and use that vast influence which he has 
 to frown down vice and to promote virtue. " If the 
 preacher appeal to the intellect, the philosopher will rival 
 him ; if to the passions, the mob orator will surpass him ; 
 if to the imagination, the poet is his master ; but his 
 power over the conscience no man shares. As the Czar 
 of many lands, ho wields his sceptre over the master 
 faculty of man." 
 
 Drink has robbed the Church of some of her most 
 worthy members. In Belfast, a friend of mine went to 
 visit a gentleman on his death-bed. The whisky was in 
 a glass on a table at his bedside, and my friend said to 
 him, " Samuel, do give up this liquor ; it is killing you ; 
 do, my friend, put it away." " Do you see that, Charles ?" 
 said Samuel, lifting the glass with whisky in it. " I 
 do," said Charles. " Well," said Samuel, " if I were to be 
 in hell the next minute after drinking it, I would drink 
 it, Charles." He drank it ; soon died, leaving sixty thou- 
 sand pounds sterling behind him, bequeathing so much to 
 the church with which he was identified, so much to the 
 hospital, the Royal Infirmary and other charitable insti- 
 tutions, and was buried with all the honour and respect 
 that the Church and the community could confer upon 
 him. 
 
 What influences are you using to suppress the evils of 
 intemperance ? Alas ! that so many still stand aloof from 
 this good cause, and refraii^ from trying to counteract 
 the evils under which humanity groans ; and it is cause of 
 sorrow that so many, by their example, are doing much to 
 
ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 205 
 
 ging his 
 1 he has 
 " If the 
 dll rival 
 iss him ; 
 but his 
 he Czar 
 master 
 
 Br most 
 went to 
 ' was in 
 
 said to 
 ig you ; 
 larles ?" 
 t. "I 
 re to be 
 drink 
 / thou- 
 mch to 
 
 to the 
 
 insti- 
 
 'espect 
 
 r upon 
 
 vils of 
 f from 
 iteract 
 tuse of 
 ich to 
 
 continue those evils. It must be patent to every thought- 
 ful mind, that proportionate effort is not being put forth 
 by the Church and professing Christians to stem the tor- 
 rent of intemperance ; this vice is the parent of all vices ; 
 and we have got so accustomed to the evils of intemper- 
 ance that the frightful results which daily occur make 
 but little impression on some minds. 
 
 The Church is at fault in this particular. She has not 
 lifted her voice as a trumpet, and cried against our na- 
 tional vice. Nay, she hath too frequently lent herself to 
 the promotion of intemperance; she has kept silence 
 while the monster serpent has been coiling itself around 
 her members, and they have been unexpectedly destroyed 
 in his foul embrace. 
 
 When ministers visit their flock it is no rare thing for 
 the wine, &c., to be handed round, and those who pat- 
 ronise this custom lend themselves to the formation of 
 those habits which have slain their millions. 
 
 Christians, in their mistaken kindness, have done ever- 
 lasting injury to the ministers of the Gospel ; they have 
 injured their constitution, and taken up much precious 
 time needlessly ; besides, many young men on their first 
 pastoral mission, who never were accustomed to much 
 liquor, knowing it was offered in kindness, and afraid to 
 refuse lest it should give ofiTence, have allowed them- 
 selves to be persuaded to take more than they were able 
 to bear, and have been almost unconsciously overcome 
 and rendered unfit to perform aright the duties of their 
 saered office. Some •again imagine that a little wine is 
 
 iii 
 
20« 
 
 ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 requisite after preaching, but this has been tested, ancj is 
 found to bo botli unnecessary and injurious. 
 
 Hearers watch with a keen eye the acts of their spiritual 
 teacher, and think they may safely tread in the same 
 path until they form an artificial appetite which is insati- 
 able. If there is one habit more than another which the 
 Church ought to cry and war against, it is drinking ; 
 drink has undone her noblest ministers, ruined her most 
 useful members, slain her brightest sons and loveliest 
 daughters. 
 
 Religion has suffered by this awful traffic, and the 
 success of the ever blessed Gospel has been much retarded 
 both at home and abroad. Its injurious influence in this 
 respect is beyond all human calculation. In a letter from 
 the Archdeacon of Bomljay there is the following state- 
 ment, that " for every convert to Christianity in India, 
 the drinking practices of the English have made a thous- 
 and drunkards." O, my friends, if this be true — and I be- 
 lieve it to be so — ^what, I ask you, must these natives think 
 of Christianity ? To take the Bible in one hand, teaching 
 them to abstain from all appearance of evil, and in the 
 other hand to take that soul and body destroying drink, 
 which has been fitly termed "liquid fire." 
 
 It is worth a thought, to which denominations, or how 
 many, is this traffic confined ? It is confined almost entirely 
 to three, namely, the Presbyterian, Church of England, 
 and Roman Catholic. When will these churches discoun- 
 tenance the manufacture and sale of these drinks ? 
 
 *' God of the silver bow, thy shafts emplo;^, 
 ^venge thy «ervanta and (not the Greeks) the drink destroy, '| 
 
"=T 
 
 ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 207 
 
 ed, and is 
 
 • spiritual 
 the Hamo 
 is insati- 
 vhich the 
 Irinking ; 
 her moat 
 loveliest 
 
 and the 
 I retarded 
 ce in this 
 )tter from 
 ing state- 
 in India, 
 a thous- 
 and I be- 
 ves think 
 teaching 
 d in the 
 ig drink, 
 
 , or how 
 
 entirely 
 
 England, 
 
 discoun- 
 
 Let the united prayer of every friend of the human race 
 be— 
 
 " Qnench, mighty God, with thine own power. 
 By law or love, or spring or well, 
 fiy ilooil or atorm, or hail or shower ; 
 
 But quench, O quench this fire of Hell." 
 
 The drinking customs not only retard the spread of the 
 ever blessed Gospel at home, but it is producing the very 
 same results in foreign lands. Listen to what Archdeacon 
 Jeffrys states: "If the English were driven out of India to- 
 morrow, the chief traces of their ever having been there 
 would be the number of drunkards they have left behind.'' 
 
 Mr. Thompson, missionary in Africa, remarks : " I blush 
 and hang my head for shame, my soul is agonized when I 
 think of it ; the other day I counted fifty barrels of spirits 
 just landed from the very State that sent mo here to 
 preach. Since then I counted seventy-five more. How 
 awful, when the very ship that takes me out to preach 
 ' temperance, righteousness and judgment to come,' has its 
 hold filled with a flood of damnation and death." 
 
 Bishop Burgess has said : " We might as well expect to 
 be freed from any fearful pestilence, solely by prayer, 
 where it arises from the exhalations of a noxious pool, 
 which we are either too indolent or unwilling to remove, 
 as to imagine that the world will be ever relieved from the 
 crying sin of intemperance, whilst the social custom of 
 drinking and the traffic is so universally upheld." 
 
 That eminent Scotch divine, Dr. Guthrie, says in his 
 work, " The City : it§ Sins and Sorrows" : " So long as re- 
 ligion stands by, silent and unprotesting agaijost the tempi 
 
 I 
 
208 
 
 ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 I 
 
 I ' ,• 
 
 tatiou with which men greedy of gain, and Government 
 greedy of revenue, surround the wretched victims of this 
 basest vice, it appears to me an utter mockery for her 
 (religion) to go v/ith the Word of God in her hand teach- 
 ing them to say, 'Lead us not into temptation.' " 
 
 Rev. Theo. L. Cuyler, of Brooklyn, N. Y., says: " Every 
 true and timely moral reform should be bom, and nursed, 
 and reared, and supported in the Church of Jesus Christ. 
 There is not a single moral precept which sinful humanity 
 needs, but the Church should teach it ; there is not a whole- 
 some example to be set, but the Church should practise 
 it. That Christian Church will be the most Christ-like 
 which does the most to ' seek and to save the lost' 
 
 "Among all the great moral reforms, none has a stronger 
 claim on Christian men and Christian ministers than the 
 enterprise for saving society from the crime and curse of 
 drunkenness. And intemperance never will be checked, 
 the liquor traffic never will be prohibited, the drinking 
 usages of social life will never be overthrown until the 
 members of Christ's Church all feel that they are also 
 members of Christ's great Temperance Society. If the 
 Church does not save the world, then the world will sink 
 the Church. And what a burlesque it is to style that 
 Church organization a 'salt of the earth' which has a trim- 
 mer in its pulpit, and tipplers in its pews ! 
 
 " Our final recommendation is, that every church member 
 should make Temperance a part of his daily religion. The 
 bottle is the deadliest foe to Christ^ our churches and 
 our communities. A friend of Christ must be the enemy 
 of the bottle. More souls are ruined by the intoxicating 
 
 
 ^*«wto.»,n^" 
 
ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 20.9 
 
 mment 
 
 of this 
 
 for her 
 
 I teach- 
 
 " Every 
 nursed, 
 Christ. 
 Linamty 
 , whole- 
 practise 
 rist-like 
 
 itronger 
 
 lan the 
 
 [jurse of 
 
 hecked, 
 
 inking 
 
 tU the 
 
 xe also 
 
 If the 
 
 11 sink 
 
 lie that 
 
 latrim- 
 
 lember 
 The 
 les and 
 jenemy 
 
 icatiug 
 
 cup than by any single vice or error on the globe. Every 
 professed Christian who gives his example to the diinking 
 usages, is a partner in the tremendous havoc which those 
 evil customs produce.'* 
 
 Mr. Smith, of Edinburgh, states: "You may erect a 
 church and a reformatory in every street in the city, but 
 if you leave taverhs every few doors as at present, they 
 will, with the seductive nature of drink, and the inherent 
 depravity of man, do more to promote evil and crime 
 than all the ministers and philanthropists in the city can 
 remedy." 
 
 The following is worthy of careful perusal : — 
 
 Ministerial Declaration^ adopted at the Ministerial Con- 
 ference held in Manchester, June 9th, 10th, and llth, 
 1857. 
 
 " We, the undersigned Ministers of the Gospel, are con- 
 vinced by personal observation within our sphere, and 
 authentic testimony from beyond it, that the traffic in 
 intoxicating liquors as drink for man is the immediate 
 cause of most of the crime and pauperism, and much of 
 the disease and insanity, that afflict the land; that every- 
 where, and in proportion to its prevalence, it deteriorates 
 the moral character of the people, and is the chief outward 
 obstruction to the progress of the Gospel ; and these are 
 not its accidental attendants, but its natural fruits ; that 
 the benefit, if any, is very small in comparison with the 
 bane; that all schemes of regulation and restriction, how- 
 ever good so far as tney go, fall short of the nation s need 
 and the nation's duty ; and thab, therefora, on tht obvioua 
 
 
 ^lii" 
 
m 
 
 210 
 
 ASPECtS Of THE QUESTION. 
 
 I 
 
 principle of destroying the evil which cannot be control- 
 led, the wisest course for those who fear God and regard 
 man is to encourage every legitimate efl'ort for the entire 
 suppression of the trade by the power of the national wilL 
 and through the form of a legislative enactment." 
 
 And yet, although drink has ruined its thousands and 
 its tens of thousands, many professing Christians continue 
 to encourage those drinking customs, and not unfrequently 
 are they found at bar-rooms, giving their sanction and 
 countenance to this awful custom I do not thkik that is 
 what is meant in the admonition of the Saviour, when He 
 said : " Let your light so shine before men," &c., &c. We 
 should be zealous for the glory of God, and for the un- 
 sullied beauty of the Christian character. A young man 
 was asked to engage in prayer during the Ulster revival 
 in eighteen hundred and fifty-nine, after the sermon 
 which was from the text above quoted, and he earnestly 
 implored that if any of his companions would attempt to 
 hide their candle under a bushel, that it might burn the 
 Vtottom out of it, so that it might shine. 
 
 0, my friends, be not a party to the licensing of those 
 houses which are devastating our land, clothing countless 
 widows in sackcloth, and multiplying orphans. 
 
 Professing Christians should be very careful of their 
 example. A young man in Belfast, who had once been 
 very much addicted to drink, became an abstainer. On 
 one occasion he was invited to a party ; when there he was 
 asked to take a little wine ; he refuped. At last he saw 
 an eminent minister of the gospel, a man of undoubted 
 piety, take a half glass of wine. " Well," thought he, "there 
 
ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 211 
 
 ontrol- 
 regard 
 5 entire 
 lal will> 
 
 ids and 
 !ontinue 
 squently 
 tion and 
 k that is 
 vhen He 
 fee. We 
 the un- 
 ung man 
 p revival 
 sermon 
 iarnestly 
 itempt to 
 iburn the 
 
 of those 
 countless 
 
 of their 
 ice been 
 ler. On 
 re he was 
 he saw 
 idoubted 
 le, "there 
 
 can be no harm in my taking a little when the minister 
 takes it," His resolution gave way ; he partook of the 
 wine ; it awoke his old appetite for alcoholic stimulants, 
 and on his way home he went to a public-house, got more 
 drink, and was taken home to his parents dead drunk. 
 
 Moderate-drinking Christians, you are responsible to a 
 very great extent for the sad consequences of intemper- 
 ance. The intemperate man finds a good excuse for his 
 immoderate use of alcoholic stimulants in your moderate 
 use of the same. I believe that it is the patronage of 
 professoTS of religion and of leading minds in our com- 
 munities which perpetuates these customs. 
 
 I am further of opinion, that you have not done all that 
 it is your duty to do in reference to this question unless 
 you abstain. In view of the dangerous nature and inju- 
 rious tendency of the drinking customs of society, and 
 from the sad havoc which drink has made in the past, 
 we think you ought to discountenance those customs. 
 
 If all the money now wasted upon drink was appropri- 
 ated to Christian objects, and if all the time now squan- 
 dered through the drinking usages was applied to improve 
 the mind, and acts of charity, what a change would this 
 world present. But some good people will say, " Let j'-our 
 moderation be known unto all men." Now, what is 
 scriptural moderation ? I think it is the right and proper 
 use of things good and lawful, and total abstinence from 
 what is injurious. Now, Dr. Parkes, Dr. Carpenter, and 
 others who stand at the top of the profession, declare that 
 " spirituous liquors are invariably hurtful to the healthy 
 
 II 
 
 Ul 
 
 y 
 
If 
 
 212 
 
 ASPECTS OP THE QUESTION. 
 
 body." Hence, total abstinence from what is injurious 
 is, in the strict sense of the term, scriptural moderation. 
 
 Some say that total abstainere " disparage the grace of 
 God." Before it be proved that we are guilty of the crime 
 alleged, it must be proved that we attempt what grace 
 alone can accomplish. May not the idle become in- 
 dustrious ; may not the thief become honest, without the 
 special interference of Divine grace ? Why then condemn 
 us when we urge the drunkard to become sober ? Because 
 we man the life-boat to save the shipwrecked crew, do 
 we thereby employ a substitute for the Gospel ? 
 
 The teaching of grace is " Lead us not into temptation ; " 
 but if we, in spite of its teachings, enter into the same, the 
 act and consequences are our own. 
 
 We have many noble examples in Scripture of the 
 Temperance principle, including Samson's mother, John 
 the Baptist, Daniel and his three companions, who preferred 
 pulse and water to the king's wine, and who were " fairer 
 and fatter than all the children who did eat the portion of 
 the king's meat." . r v 
 
 Religion, some say, does not prevent us from drinking 
 in moderation. Nor does n compel us to drink. This is 
 all we claim. It leaves us free to abstain from that which 
 is injurious. Others speak of the possession of religious 
 principles as the only safeguard. 
 
 Did it protect Noah ? 
 
 Did it protect Lot ? 
 
 The truth is. Alcohol is a physical agent, and produces in 
 the mind and body its natural results, apart altogether 
 from our religious opinions and principles. If a temu par- 
 
 ii 
 
 ill 
 
injurious 
 ration. 
 
 grace of 
 Lhe crime 
 lat grace 
 come in- 
 hout the 
 condemn 
 
 Because 
 crew, do 
 
 ptation ; " 
 same, the 
 
 ire of the 
 
 ler, John 
 
 preferred 
 
 sre " fairer 
 
 portion of 
 
 drinking 
 
 This is 
 
 lat which 
 
 religious 
 
 ISifBCTS OF THE QUESTION, 
 
 213 
 
 reduces in 
 dtogether 
 I man par- 
 
 take of arsenic, it matters not the extent of his piety, it 
 will produce its ordinary results ; and if a man partake of 
 alcoholic liquors, whether Cliristian or infidel, its tendency 
 is to create the drunkard's appetite." 
 
 Our opponents will do well to consider that grace derAa 
 with a man's reason and affections, but grace doe« not 
 deal with a diseased stomach or a fevered brain. 
 
 Let those persons who have any doubts upon the pro- 
 priety of using intoxicating liquors listen to Paul : " And 
 he that doubteth is damned if he eat, because he eateth 
 not of faith : for whatever is not of faith is sin." — Romans 
 xiv., 23rd verse. 
 
 There is no doubt but the Bible, ri<^ly interpreted, is 
 the best temperance book in the world — that total absti- 
 nence has the Divine aproval, and is consistent witli piety 
 and wisdom. 
 
 Surely it never was designed that man should degrade 
 himself by indulging in the use of intoxicating liquors- 
 Man was created in the image of God. " In the image of 
 God created he him, male and female created he them." 
 Man was made to walk erect, and with face uplifted to the 
 blue vault of heaven, to gaze upon the wondrous works 
 of God, and view — 
 
 " The spacious firmament on high, * 
 
 With all the blue ethereal sky ; 
 The spangled heavens, a shining Hame, 
 Their great Original proclaim." '.,: 
 
 Man was constituted capable of looking from nature up 
 to nature's God; and contemplating the divine character, 
 capable of knowing, loving and serving the Most High, 
 
 ' 
 
w 
 
 ,1' . ' 
 
 214 
 
 ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 ill 
 
 ! : I 
 
 and to accomplish this in its highest sense, let Christians 
 of every name discountenance the drinking customs. 
 
 J think I am justified in asserting that persons generally 
 do not treat drink as they do anything else. In illustra- 
 tion of this I may here state that on one occasion a party 
 visited ^^ ''»gara Falls. A young gentleman of rather a 
 rash disposition lifted a young girl, the joy of the party, 
 with lovely blue eyes, and golden ringlets hanging down 
 her snow-white neck, and standing upon a jutting crag, 
 he CBiiyJ , Vy the waist and held her over the mighty 
 abyss. "C', j . * : do that," screamed one. "It's danger- 
 ous" cried anot •! ?i * O, stop, stop," shouted a third. 
 Bux. ^o ! ti:. *v« 'Ad 'low regardless he was, and again 
 
 held her over. Sii. g(r. J mid and nervous, and gave a 
 sudden spring, and fell into the surging waters below. 
 " My God, what shall I do ? " cried the young man, and he 
 leaped in after the child, and both met a watery grave. 
 Not a shred of their clothes was ever seen. Have any 
 from that day until now repeated the dangerous trial ? 
 Not one ! And yet, although one after another, father after 
 father, mother after mother, brother after brother, sister 
 after sister, son after son, friend after friend, companion 
 after companion, has been borne down the deceptive 
 stream of moderation into the rapids of intemperance, and 
 finally engulphed in the horrid sea of drunkenness, men. 
 Christian men, continue to patronize the cause of all the 
 mischief, the drinking customs. 
 
 Drink is " no respecter of persons." It has brought 
 ministers from the sacred pulpit, it has laid orators, phi- 
 
 •■'!i>,>Sjs^^ W 
 
ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 215 
 
 iristians 
 
 118. 
 
 renerally 
 illustra- 
 a party 
 rather a 
 le party, 
 ng down 
 iing crag, 
 e mighty 
 ; danger- 
 a third, 
 md again 
 i gave a 
 rs below, 
 n, and he 
 ry grave. 
 lave any 
 »us trial ? 
 iher after 
 ler, sister 
 )mpanion 
 deceptive 
 ance, and 
 ess, men, 
 )f all the 
 
 brought 
 tors, phi- 
 
 losophers and statesmen low. Kings, warriors and earthly 
 potentates have been ruined by King Alcohol. 
 
 One of the most promising young ministers that evei- 
 ascended the pulpit in the City of Dublin became a 
 victim to the drinking usages of society. It was tliought 
 that no soirde or party was complete without his presence. 
 He was a young man of great promise and of tine paits. 
 Friends invited him to dine. Drink was offered. He was 
 too good-natured to refuse. By-and-by he began to like 
 it ; was eventually overcome ; wa>s seen going home at 
 midnight from one of these parties, linked between two 
 members of his church, and, to prevent being expelled, he 
 sent in his resignation, went to London, and became a 
 penny-a-liner to the " Wesleyan Times," and when last 
 heard of was dismissed from that situation for intemi)er- 
 ance, and was wandering through the metropolis without 
 a coat. 0, friends, he was somebody's boy ; he was tenderly 
 reared; his father sweat many a drop to give him a 
 finished education, and his poor mother wept many tears 
 and prayed many prayers for her boy, but he became an- 
 other victim to the long list of drunkards. 
 
 " I knew him this, I kaew him a]} 
 That fondest heart could crave ; 
 And yet, O God I his blacken'd pall , 
 
 Covers a drunkard's grave ! " 
 
 The great folly of the drink traffic consists in this, that 
 it aims at upsetting the ordinance of God. 
 
 The fourth commandment reads thus, " Remember the 
 Sabbath day to keep it holy." But the brewer, during 
 the malting season, keeps men at work in open violation 
 
 \ 
 
 i 
 
 ' 111 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 iH 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 4 
 ft' 
 
 :lf 
 
I 
 
 i 
 
 Mi 
 
 216 
 
 ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 of Heaven'f decree; so that what God wrote with hia 
 finger on the table of stone on Mount Sinai is trampled 
 on by the brewer, and he keeps men at work during the 
 hours of the sacred Sabbath. 
 
 W« shall never occupy that position amongst the 
 nations of the earth which the Almighty designed us to 
 occupy, nor will we wield that influence for good which 
 the Almighty designed us to wield, so long as we foster this 
 dire drink traffic, which is injuring us at home and ruining 
 us abroad. Would you see the Dominion of Canada ad- 
 vance in material prosperity ? Would you see her rise 
 in moral grandeur ? Would you have her exert a mighty 
 influence for good in a religious point of view 1 Then 
 sweep away the traffic in drink, which^is counteracting 
 almost every effort which is being put forth to elevate the 
 race. 
 
 We shudder at the thought of Pagans offering up 
 human sacrifices, but in Great Britain alone sixty thou- 
 sand lives are offered up annually to the god Bacchus ; 
 fifty thousand in the United States ; three hundred thou- 
 sand in France; and Sweden has one hundred and seventy 
 thousand distilleries to three millions of a population ; 
 besides the havoc drink is causing in other parts of the 
 world, where no estimate has been made of its extent. 
 
 Wherever you go, let your empty wine-glass proclaim 
 your silent protest against the drinking customs of So- 
 ciety ; and fashion, which now commands us to drink, 
 will with all-potential voice command us to abstain. 
 There is no denying the fact that the abstainer is the 
 only real friend of this movement, and he that is not 
 
 ^■^^i^M.. ^■^J"-- 
 
ASPECTS OF THfi QUESTION. 
 
 217 
 
 thou- 
 |cchus ; 
 thou- 
 venty 
 tion ; 
 f the 
 nt. 
 claim 
 fSo- 
 ink, 
 stain. 
 s the 
 tt not 
 
 with UH is surely against us. " But I don't like that 
 word teetotalism,' ' says one ; " it's a poor thing if a man 
 can't keep himself sober without having to pledge him- 
 self." Now, let me ask what is teetotalism ? It is a com- 
 pound, chemical compound, of two things — science and 
 common sense. Science says : Alcohol will do you no good 
 (if in health) ; and common sense says : Better leave it alone 
 then; and teetotalism says: " Done," and the bargain is 
 struck. 
 
 Of all the sins that teetotalers are guilty of — and they 
 are neither few nor small — they are clear of this one sin, 
 the sin of drunkenness, and they are not found encourag- 
 ing and perpetuating this evil, I know there are some 
 who would join us if we would substitute moderation for 
 total abstinence, and many remedies would they resort to 
 but the one which has been tried and never has failed. 
 
 In view of all that God has done for you, what are 
 you doing for him and for humanity ? Are you striving 
 to leave the world better than you found it ? 
 
 The recent pastoral address of the Bishops of the Me- 
 thodist Episcopal Church contains the following timely 
 utterance on the Sabbath and Temperance questions : 
 
 " The leading reform of the hour is the abolition of the 
 sale and drinking of intoxicating beverages. These sti- 
 mulants are sending multitudes annually to a drunkard's 
 grave and a drunkard's doom. They are undermining 
 our national life. They are the cause of almost all the 
 crimes that infest society. They are the chief foe to the 
 progress of the Church. The record of our Church in two 
 successive General Conferences is in favour of prohibi- 
 
 ' • 
 
 •Mh 
 
 \ 
 
 1 
 
218 
 
 ASPECTS OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 
 tion. This is the ultimate goal of her efforts. She will 
 not rest from these labours until the use and sale of intox- 
 icating drinks follow to their grave other iniquities, once 
 as powerful as these, and as deeply rooted in the ap- 
 petites and interests of society. Let Prohibition receive 
 your support, in your personal abstinence, and in all 
 other Christian efforts for the overthrow of intem- 
 perance." 
 
LECTURE X. 
 
 <i I 
 
 THE MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOLIC STIMU- 
 LANTS. 
 
 I APPREHEND great danger from the medicinal uee of 
 alcoholic stimulants, from the fact that some persons 
 of my own acquaintance, by using alcoholic stimulants by 
 advice of their medical attendants, have been led to ac- 
 quire habits whereby they have been ruined. I have 
 no doubt but in some instances alcohol may be very 
 useful ; but I believe that the free use of alcohol to 
 patients in a weak state of health has assisted wonder- 
 fully in spreading drunkenness through the land. 
 
 If alcohol is to be administered medicinally, it should 
 only be prescribed by wise and skilful physicians, and 
 that with very great caution and care. 
 
 Science designates alcohol as a poison, to be convinced 
 of which you have only to try a few simple experiments. 
 Sir Astley Cooper said, " We have all been mistaken in 
 these things ; we have considered them as restorative and 
 nutritious, we now find that they are merely stimulants." 
 
 Hold some whisky in your mouth for five minutes^ 
 and you will find it to burn severely. Inspect the mouth, 
 and you will observe that it is inflamed. Hold it for ten 
 or fifteen minutes, and you will find that various parts of 
 
f 
 
 !l i; 
 
 .1 
 
 220 
 
 MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 the interior of the mouth have become blistered. Then 
 tie a handkerchief over the eyes, and taste, for instance, 
 water, vinegar, milk, or senna, and you will find that you 
 are incapable of distinguishing the one from the other* 
 This simple and easy experiment proves to a certainty 
 that alcohol is not only a violent irritant, but also a nar- 
 cotic ; for in this experiment you have objective evidence 
 that it has inflamed and blistered the mouth, and subjec- 
 tive evidence that it has also for the time being paralyzed 
 the nerves of taste, and, to a certain extent, those also of 
 common sensation. Now, this is not an experiment or 
 fact upon which any doubt has ever been or ever can be 
 thrown ; and I avsk you, can you believe that the still 
 more tender and more important internal organs of the 
 body can be less injuriously affected than the mouth ? 
 
 It is in the nature of strong drink to create an appetite 
 for more. Stopping with a physician some time ago, his 
 lady related the following : — " My husband recommended 
 me to use beer (medicinally, of course), and I got to be 
 very fond of it ; so much so, that after we had retired to 
 rest I would get up and sit by the fire waiting till my 
 husband would fall asleep. Sometimes he would sny, 
 * Why don't you come to bed, dear ? ' ' Go to sleep, love,' 
 I would reply ; ' I don't feel very well ; I'll retire by-and- 
 by.* Thus I would sit by the stove while moments of 
 eternal duration passed, until my husband fell asleep » 
 then I would go to the press and take, as they say in 
 Scotland, 'aright guid willie-waught' o' the beer, and 
 then I would go to sleep. But when I found the habit 
 gaining on me, I resolved I would give up my beer. I 
 
 ■*»*** •<•- 
 
MKUICINAL USE OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 221 
 
 joined the Temperance Society, and my husband, through 
 my example, hns done the same." And 1 may add that 
 her hu8l)and's personal appearance has very much im- 
 proved since he joined the cold water army, and his pa- 
 tients have now a vast deal more confidence in their sober 
 doctor than they had aforetime in their drunken doctor, 
 and his practice has more than doubled itself. So in 
 every way you look at it you will find that he has been 
 benefited by connecting himself with the Temperance 
 cause. 
 
 Professor Miller, in his work on " Alcohol, its Place and 
 Power," relates the case of a lady who became a frightful 
 dipsomaniac, and whose malady originat d, or had been, ae 
 it were, suggested by the habit of carrying iStrong spirits 
 occasionally in the mouth for the cure of toothache. 
 "Against her own better judgmert and the voice of con- 
 science she is forced on," says my correspondent ; " for 
 days on end she has been out of one stupor into another. 
 On two succeeding days of this week she has consumed a 
 quart bottle of strong whisky ; the next day, or rather 
 night, when people were asleep, she got hold of some key 
 which was supposed to secure from her a bottle of spirits 
 and another of wine, and within twenty-four hours this 
 was also consumed, no one being able to snatch it from 
 her." 
 
 Not only should doctors guard against administering 
 stimulants, but it is important that they should be practi- 
 cal teetotalers. There are at least two classes of profes- 
 sional drunkards, namely, doctors and lawyers, and it is 
 sftd that medicttl men, who know more of the evil effects 
 
'fi! 
 
 222 
 
 MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 
 of intemperance than any others in the land, should be set 
 down as one of the two drunken classes. 
 
 If it is necessary that any man should be strictly sober, 
 I think the doctor is that man ; valuable lives are com- 
 mitted to his care, and surely the intellect should be 
 clear and unclouded by men occupying such a responsible 
 position. Sad have been the consequences of medical men 
 prescribing while under the influence of the demon. 
 drink ! Last ^ear a M.D., while intoxicated, administered, 
 to one of his patients morphine instead of quinine, thereby 
 causing immediate death. 
 
 I know that it is hard to get out of the old beaten path ; 
 the French hahitans cling to their one-horse winter vehi- 
 cles with the shafts straight before them, thereby causing 
 their winter locomotion to be almost twice as laborious 
 as it might be if they would only take a common sense 
 view of things and make the double track ; so with some 
 of our medical men, they as tenaciously and persistently 
 cling to the old system. However, as in the political 
 world we have some leaders, men who are prepaied to 
 keep pace with the age ; so in the medical profession we 
 have noble heroes, who come out boldly and act from a 
 high sense of duty. Out of the long list of worthies I 
 might name Dr. Bailey, Dr. Mudge, and Dr. Monroe, who 
 for years have practised on the non-alcoholic principle. 
 Even the Lancet has lately declared : " Whereas the ques- 
 tion used to be between much alcohol and little ; the ques- 
 tion now is, between a very little and none at all." And 
 Professor Gairdner, M.D., of Glasgow, at a meeting of the 
 British Medical Association (see that Journal, 22nd June, 
 
MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 223 
 
 sense 
 some 
 itently 
 lolitical 
 lied to 
 on we 
 from a 
 ,hies I 
 |e, who 
 nciple. 
 ques- 
 ques- 
 And 
 of the 
 June, 
 
 1868), advocated the administration of stimulants on a 
 much lower scale than Dr. Todd and others. 
 
 One of our most eminent medical men told me some 
 weeks since, that he was convinced that during the past 
 he had been administering alcoholic stimulants too freely, 
 and while he would not promise to discard alcohol entirely 
 from his practice in future, yet he would promise in future 
 to be very careful in administering the same ; for he was 
 satisfied that for one case where they had proved bene- 
 ficial, he knew of two where they had been injurious, and 
 several where the results were doubtful. 
 
 Dr. NichoUs, of the Longworth Union (Ireland), has not 
 admitted one drop of wine or spirits inside the institution 
 for over eighteen years, and the statistics of the Longworth 
 Union have been compared with other institutions where 
 drink has been administered, and the balance is in favour 
 of the non-alcoholic treatment. 
 
 It is gratifying to know that a great change for the 
 better has taken place, during the past few years, in refe- 
 rence to alcoholic medication. Numbers of most eminent 
 medical practitioners, both in Europe and America, do not 
 resort to alcoholic stimulants ; they have found other 
 remedies less dangerous and equally eflicacious. and 
 wisely shun a practice which has proved so fatal. 
 
 Science has demonstrated that alcohol is not service- 
 able either as a nourisher, a repairer of waste, or a sus- 
 tainer of animal hetit. Liebig's theory, that alcohol is 
 oxydized in the human system, has been shown to be 
 baseless. Alcohol, when taken into the body, is eliminated 
 by the various excreting organs — the skin, liver, lungs and 
 
224 
 
 MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 !l 
 
 I ^ 
 
 MA 
 
 I ! 
 
 
 kidneys — passing out unchanged as it went in, and can be 
 extracted from the brain, liver, blood, &c. This is true, 
 whether those drinks are taken "moderately" or "in 
 excess." 
 
 Dr. Leee, at the great Permissive Bill meeting held in 
 the Rotimda, Dublin, on the 28th April, 1865, the Right 
 Hon. the Lord Mayor in the chair, challenged all the 
 doctors in Dublin " to prove that a single drop of alcohol 
 was ever yet assimilated with the human system. Alco- 
 hol was eliminated from the system, not assimilated with 
 it. It came away by the breath, by the pores of the skin, 
 and by the other excretions of the body, just as it entered 
 the system. Bread did not do this, nor a mutton chop, 
 nor a beefsteak. As well might they say that the cin- 
 ders which fell through from the engine carried them from 
 Dublin to Killamey, as to say that alcohol helped them to 
 work or gave strength to the body." 
 
 Professors Todd and Bowman, in their great and stan- 
 dard work, " The Physiological Anatomy of Man," re- 
 mark, " Were these drinks not rapidly absorbed from the 
 stomach, it would be' utterly impossible that digestion 
 could go on in those who use them." 
 
 Whisky is not good for the body, unless it be a dead 
 body. It is admirable for preserving enlarged livers and 
 rotten bones. If you want to keep a dead man, do as the 
 Sailors did with their admiral, when they placed his body 
 in the puncheon of rum — give him plenty of spirits. If 
 you want to kill a living man, give him spirits too. 
 
 Professor Miller says : — " Suppose a medical man to 
 fyrdw opium, to relieve pain or procure sleep, in needful 
 
MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 226 
 
 and urgent circumstances, and that he neglects either to 
 regulate the dose or to order its discontinuance when the 
 necessity for its use has ceased. The convalescent, im- 
 properly left to himself, finds, first, that he must increase 
 the dose to attain the ordinary effect ; and secondly, that 
 after a time he can ill do without it. Ere ever he is 
 aware, he becomes an opium-eater — the victim of an in- 
 firmity most difficult of cure. And so with alcohol. 
 Left without due control, the dose is increased, and the 
 habit becomes confirmed ; the system refuses to part wil- 
 lingly with its use, and the man, besides being brought 
 into a morbid state of bodily frame, is in extreme moral 
 danger of intemperance." 
 
 The most recent teachings of science upon the subject 
 are thus summed up by Professor Miller, of Edinburgh : — 
 "Chemistry and physiology have demonstrated unde- 
 niably, that alcohol can be of no manner of use to man 
 in the way of nutrition or food. It is quite indigesti- 
 ble. The stomach, bowels, and other organs can make 
 nothing of it. For the gastric juice, even in its most con- 
 centrated and active state, it does not care one straw. As 
 it went into the man, so, at its leisure, it goes out ; un- 
 changed and unchangeable. Why, then, will he spend his 
 money for that which is not bread ? Why, instead of 
 food, will he swallow a stone ? Poultry, no doubt, gobble 
 up pebbles, under the guidance of a wise instinct ; for they 
 have a muscular organ in their crop, which makes good 
 use of such things, in grinding the com and seeds. But to 
 every animal that happens to have no gizzard, surely the 
 internal presence of such millstones must prove a burthen 
 
 ; ! 
 
226 
 
 MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 f 
 
 
 rather than a benefit. Alcohol, like a stone, indigestible, 
 is, like a stone, too, a grinder ; not of the man's food — for 
 it in no way helps, but rather impedes digestion — but of 
 the man himself. Another science — pathology — tells us 
 that by reason of its tarrying for a time in certain organs, 
 — preferentially the brain, the liver, the kidneys — it pro- 
 duces disease there ; while, acting not so intensely, though 
 no less surely, on the general frame, it hastens the pro- 
 gress of tear and wear in that, and * does the work of 
 time.' The alcoholic man lives * fast,' in all the senses of 
 the term. * * In fact, no intelligent person can fully 
 investigate the present aspect of the Total Abstinence con- 
 troversy without perceiving that drink and not drunk- 
 enness is the giant evil with which temperance reformers 
 are called upon to contend. Drunkenness is only one of 
 the evils floating on the surface of this dead sea of drink- 
 ing, the kindred ills that roll beside it, in the shape of 
 poverty, disease, immorality, and crime, being almost in- 
 finite in number and extent." 
 
 Combe, in his work, "The Constitution of Man," 
 states: " It will be remembered that in 1847 fever prevailed 
 to an alarming extent in Ireland ; the consequence of des- 
 titution. And through the immigration of the Irish peo- 
 ple, the fever was brought across the water, and it spread 
 in Liverpool, Glasgow, and other seaport towns. In Glas- 
 gow, as a precaution for the poor, a number of rules, upon 
 diet and cleanliness, were drawn ud, printed and circu- 
 lated. The last rule runs as follows : — * Take a very se- 
 rious thought on the subject of whisky — the grand source 
 of poverty, want and disease — the grand destroyer of 
 
MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 227 
 
 health, of morals, of character, of home, of comfort, and 
 peace. Ask yourself this question : — Is the enjoyment of 
 the dram or the tumbler a good bargain for the loss of all 
 these ? ' Sensible men are taking this thought. Many a 
 young man is resolving to have done with drinking, and 
 enjoy life really, which no man does who drinks. He lives 
 a wretched life ; and mark this, he must ever continue 
 poor. No drinker ever rises above the lowest poverty. 
 Mark this, too — typhus fever finds out the drunkard and 
 fastens on him." 
 
 How long shall we have to wait before politicians and 
 men of God will see the policy of locking the stable- 
 door before the horse is stolen, and not after ? 
 
 Dr. informed me that, during the emigrant fever 
 
 in Toronto in 1847, liquors were furnished by the city in 
 great abundance and were freely' used, and he believed 
 that nineteen-twentieths of the deaths that took place 
 were caused by drink. 
 
 Some, I fear, forget that alcohol is a chemical, not a vi- 
 tal substance. 
 
 1 know a lady who resides at Burford, who during the 
 past twenty years has visited thirty-four death-bed 
 scenes, and dressed two hundred and thirty-three per- 
 sons in their grave-clothes, and some of them went "drunk 
 into eternity." 
 
 Surely Bacchus has drowned more than Neptune, and 
 the most voluptuous of all assassins is the bottle. 
 
 The doctor recommended A. to drink for his health's 
 sake. He became addicted to it, neglected his business, 
 impaired his constitution, lost religion, and at length ran 
 
228 
 
 MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 away. His poor wife suffered much. Thei church of 
 which he was a leading member has been disgraced, and 
 all (I believe) the result of the doctor ordering him to 
 drink medicinally. For years they continue to take 
 this prescription ; not so with castor oil and other offen- 
 sive medicines. 
 
 But all the blame must not be placed upon the doctors. 
 Some patients are fond of stimulants — how much the fa- 
 culty are at fault in creating that desire I cannot say — ^but 
 it is to be feared that many in the present day affect to 
 take a little wine " for their stomach's sake," when, if the 
 truth was told, they take it more for their palate's sake 
 than for the sake of their stomach. 
 
 I have a strong suspicion that the shrewd but eccentric 
 Abernethy was not far wrong in his judgment. A patient 
 presented himself before the gruff doctor on one occasion, 
 and was met in the usual style in which the doctor met 
 his patients, " Well, sir, what's the matter with you ? '* 
 " Indigestion, sir." " Put out your tongue, sir ; do you 
 take ale or porter ? " "Yes, sir ; a glass with my dinner 
 and a glass with my supper." " H'm! Do you take winel " 
 " Very little, sir, very little indeed; a glass now and then." 
 " Why do you take it ? " " Oh, doctor, I take it because it 
 does me good." "You lie, sir, you lie — yovj take it because 
 you like it T* 
 
 MEDICAL DECLARATION ON THE USE OF INTOXICATING 
 
 LIQUORS. 
 
 The following has been signed by upwards of 2,000 
 
MEDICINAL USE OF ALCOHOL. 
 
 229 
 
 urch of 
 ied, and 
 ^ him to 
 fco take 
 3r oflfen- 
 
 doctors. 
 the fa- 
 i-y — but 
 ffect to 
 , if the 
 I's sake 
 
 centric 
 patient 
 scasion, 
 K)r met 
 you ? " 
 io you 
 dinner 
 wane? " 
 then." 
 luse it 
 ecause 
 
 TING 
 
 
 2,000 
 
 medical men, including many of the leading members of 
 the profession : — 
 
 " We are of opinion : — 1st. That a very large por- 
 tion of himian misery, including poverty, disease and 
 crime, is induced by the use of alcoholic or fermented 
 liquors as beverages. 
 
 " 2nd. That the most pdrfect health is compatible with 
 total abstinence from all such intoxicating beverages, 
 whether in the form of ardent spirits or as wine, beer, ale, 
 porter, cider, etc., etc. 
 
 ' " 3rd. That persons accustomed to such drinks may with 
 perfect safety discontinue them entirely, either at once, or 
 gradually after a short time. 
 
 " 4th. That total and universal abstinence from alcoholic 
 liquors, and intoxicating beverages of all sorts, would 
 greatly contribute to the health, the prosperity, the moral- 
 ity, and the happiness of the human race." 
 
 AN APPEAL. 
 
 I cannot close this lecture without making an appeal to 
 the Christian public. As I have before stated, I do not 
 consider that there is sufficient moral power outside the 
 Church to grapple with Intemperance ; while at the same 
 time I am fidly satisfied that if Christian men of every 
 name would unite against this giant evil, it would speedily 
 be overcome. 
 
 Think of the injury that drink is causing. It maddens 
 the brain, poisons the body, debases the mind and ruins 
 the soul. 
 
 The truth is, the world is groaning and hearts are break- 
 
 ii 
 
 I 
 
 Ir, 
 
 ''if 
 il 
 
 h 
 
 m 
 
230 
 
 AN APPEAI.. 
 
 ing on account of this traffic. 0, could we hear the wail- 
 ings of the departed drunkards, and see the eternal misery 
 which this vice has entailed upon them, or could we listen 
 to the lamentations which are now ascending, and count 
 the tears which are now being shed, by intemperance, we 
 would be glad to wash our hands clean of this awful 
 traffic. 
 
 Two little boys returning from school stopped at a 
 monument which had been raised to the memory of a 
 mighty warrior. On the summit of it was placed a statue 
 of the hero. One of the little fellows put his hand into 
 his pocket and took his pencil and wrote upon the monu- 
 ment, " Could I concentrate around this spot all the blood 
 that thou hast spilt in the gratification of thy ambition, 
 thou couldst drink of the same without bowing thy head." 
 And could we erect a monument to the god Bacchus, the 
 top of which would reach to yonder cloud, and could we 
 gather around it all the misery, wretchedness, crime, dis- 
 ease, tears, groans, ruin and death that have been caused 
 by this parent evil, we could also say, " Thou couldst 
 drink of the same without bowing thy head." 
 
 Dr. Lyman Peecher has remarked : "It is an im- 
 mortal being who sins and suffers, and as his earthly 
 house dissolves, he is approaching the judgment seat 
 in anticipation of a miserable eternity. He feels his 
 captivity, and in anguish of spirit clanks his chains 
 and cries for help. Conscience thunders, remorse goads, 
 and as the gulf opens before him he recoils and trem- 
 bles, and weeps, and prays, and resolves, and promises, 
 and reforms, and seeks it yet again. Wretched man! 
 
' 
 
 AN APPEAL. 
 
 231 
 
 le wail- 
 1 misery 
 re listen 
 id count 
 mce, we 
 I awful 
 
 id at a 
 ry of a 
 ' statue 
 id into 
 i monu- 
 J blood 
 ibition, 
 head." 
 as, the 
 lid we 
 e, dis- 
 caused 
 louldst 
 
 
 he has placed himself in the hands of a giant who 
 never pities and never releases his iron grasp. He may 
 struggle, but he is in chains ; he may cry for release, but 
 it comes not, and lost, lost, may be inscribed upon the 
 door-posts of his dwelling. And now the vortex roars, 
 and the struggling victim buffets the fiery wave with 
 feebler stroke and warning supplication, until despair 
 flashes upon his soul, and with an outcry that pierces 
 the heavens, he ceases to strive and disappears." 
 
 Lord Byron said, " Oh ! God, it is a fearful thing to 
 see the human soul take wing in any shape, in any 
 mood." But, oh ! my friends, think of the death of the 
 poor inebriate. 
 
 Philip, Emperor of Macedon, had a servant to knock 
 at his bed-chamber every morning and repeat those 
 words: " Philip, remember that thou art mortal." Let 
 this thought animate us to work while it is day, and, 
 seeing death, judgment and eternity are before us, let us 
 put forth all the effort in our power to reclaim the ine- 
 briate and bring up the young in paths of sobriety. 
 
 '.} 
 
 m 
 
 •I 
 
 a im- 
 j-rthly 
 seat 
 s his 
 chains 
 joads, 
 trem- 
 nises, 
 man! 
 
i' 1 >l..- 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 PROHIBITION. 
 
 LEGISLATIVE ACTION. 
 
 Meport of the Select Committee of the Senate respecting 
 a Prohibitory Liquor Law, presented on the l^th 
 May, 1873. 
 
 Committee Room, 
 
 14th May, 1873. 
 
 The Select Committee to whom were referred the Peti- 
 tions presented to the Senate, praying for the enactment 
 of a Law to prohibit the manufacture and sale of Intox- 
 icating Liquors in the Dominion, have the honour to sub- 
 mit the following as their Report. 
 
 The number of Petitions referred to your Committee to 
 this date is 447 : of which one is from the Legislative 
 Assembly of the Province of Ontario ; 68 are from Muni- 
 cipal Councils, 3 from Church Courts, and 376 from an 
 aggregate of 36,224 individuals; 25,945 of whom are of the 
 Province of Ontario, and 10,279 of the Province of Quebec. 
 
 The individual petitioners are men of all ranks and 
 classes of society, of all professions and trades, and of all 
 shades of Religious and Political opinion ; and many of 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 233 
 
 them occupy high positions in Churches and in Municipal- 
 ities, in the Medical and Legal Professions, and in the 
 Provincial and Dominion Legislatures : constituting in 
 the aggregate such a large and influential representation 
 of the intelligence and public sentiment of the country 
 as to entitle their testimony and their prayer to the ful- 
 lest and most favourable consideration of the Senate, — 
 while the fact of so many Municipal Councils and the 
 House of Assembly of Ontario joining in the same prayer* 
 clearly indicates the deep-felt and urgent need of the Le- 
 gislation petitioned for. 
 
 Your Committee do not regard the absence of Petitions 
 from the other Provinces as evidencing any lack of sym- 
 pathy with — much less any opposition to — the Petitions 
 from Ontario and Quebec ; they know from unofficial but 
 thoroughly reliable sources that a Prohibitory Law is de- 
 sired by large numbers in those Provinces, who will 
 doubtless send in their Petitions at the next session of 
 Parliament. 
 
 The united unvarying testimony of all the Petitioners 
 is, that the vice of intemperance is spreading — mainly in 
 consequence of the facilities afforded for the sale of intox- 
 icating liquors. That the traffic in these liquors is the 
 prolific cause of three-fourths of the crime and pauperism 
 in the country. That so long as the traffic is licensed and 
 protected by law, the evils resulting from intemperance 
 cannot be repressed — all the various attempts by stringent 
 License laws having signally failed — ^and they therefore 
 pray for absolute prohibition of the manufacture and sale 
 of intoxicating liquors as beverages. 
 
 i 
 
 ']{ 
 
 I 
 
 
 li 
 
 1 -■; 
 
 i 
 
 
 i 
 
284 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 
 Their testimony is fully sustained by the evidence al- 
 ready collected, and presented to the House of Commons 
 now in Session, by a Committee of that Honourable House 
 in their second report, where they state that, they find 
 four-fifths of the crime in Ontario, and the same propor- 
 tion of commitments to gaol in Ontario and Quebec, are 
 directly or indirectly traceable to the traffic in and use of 
 these liquors. 
 
 Your Committee are fully convinced that the traffic in 
 intoxicating liquors, in addition to the evils already men- 
 tioned, is detrimental to all the true interests of the Do- 
 minion, mercilessly slaying every year hundreds of her 
 most promising citizens ; plunging thousands into misery 
 and want ; converting her intelligent and industrious 
 sons, who should be her glory and her strength, into feeble 
 inebriates, her burden and her shame ; wasting milUons of 
 her wealth in the consumption of an article whose use not 
 only imparts no strength, but induces disease and insanity, 
 suicide and murder, thus diverting into a hurtful channel 
 the capital that should be employed in developing her re- 
 sources, establishing her manufactures, and expanding her 
 commerce ; in short, it is a cancer in the body politic, 
 which, if not speedily eradicated, will mar the bright pros- 
 pects and blight the patriotic hope of this noble Dominion 
 
 Your Committee are not unmindful of th' 
 apparent liimiiiution .o^ revenue which would ti ^i tu ^ . 
 result from the suppi^ion of the n\^nufacture aid sale 
 of these destructive liquors. That it would be much h h 
 in reality than appearance is perfectly clear, for a very 
 large amount of the expenditure for criminal jurisdic- 
 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 235 
 
 idence al- 
 Commons 
 iblo House 
 they find 
 e propor- 
 lebec, are 
 tnd use of 
 
 traffic in 
 ady men- 
 ' the Do- 
 is of her 
 lO misery 
 dustrious 
 ito feeble 
 lilUons of 
 e use not 
 insanity, 
 channel 
 ^ her re- 
 ding her 
 politic, 
 :ht pros- 
 ►mini'^' 
 
 lAdsale 
 
 ich Itiis 
 a very 
 irisdic- 
 
 tion, and maintenance of gaols, penitentiaries, and 
 asylums would *e saved immediately, and should be 
 deducted from the apparent loss ; but oven were it other- 
 wise, your Committee would regard it as directly contrary 
 to the spirit and fundament/iil principles of our truly 
 British code of laws to allow any consideration of loss of 
 revenue to hinder the removal of this great national evil, 
 or to accept any amount of revenue as an equivalent for 
 legalizing a traffic so pernicious in its inevitable effects 
 upon the community. They are, moreover, firmly of opin- 
 ion that, instead of impoverishing the revenue, the effect 
 of a Prohibitory Liquor Law, faithfully enforced, would 
 be largely and permanently to increase it, saving the fifty 
 millions of dollars now expended annually in the Do- 
 minion for these liquors, and converting that immense 
 sum, now lost, into a capital yielding large returns from 
 its being employed in trade and manufactures. 
 
 Your Committee regard it as the first and highest duty 
 of Parliament to legislate for the peace, happiness, and 
 material prosperity of the people, and consequently for the 
 removal and prevention of evils such as are proved to be 
 now injuring and threatening the country through the 
 common use of intoxicating liquors ; and concurring in 
 the opinion of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, as 
 expressed in their Petition, " that a Prohibitory Liquor 
 " Law, such as prayed for by the petitioners, would be 
 " most beneficial in its results " to the Dominion, would 
 respectfully recommend that the prayer of the petitioners 
 b 'avourably entertained ; and inasmuch as at this late 
 lod of the session it would be impracticable to carry 
 
 % 
 
 I 
 
 
236 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 I 
 
 through a well-considered, compreheMive Prohibitory 
 Law, that the Senate, at the commencement of the next 
 session of Parliament, do appoint, with the concurrent 
 action of the House of Commons, a joint committee of 
 both Houses upon the subject, to consider what steps 
 should then be recommended to Parliament in connection 
 therewith. 
 
 All which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 Alexander Vidal, Chairman. 
 
 D. Christie. 
 
 BiLLA Flint. 
 
 J. 0. Bureau. 
 
 J. Ferrier. 
 - ' L. Lacoste. 
 
 M. A. Qirard. 
 
 Jaaies R. Bejson. 
 
 ^A. R. McClelan. 
 
 Ottawa, 14th May, 1873. 
 
 Meport of the Select Cormaittee of tlie House of Commons^ 
 'presented dth May, 1873. 
 
 The following is the report of Mr. Bodwell's Prohibit- 
 ory Liquor Law Committee, presented to the House 
 to-day : — 
 
 " Your Committee, to whom were referred the petitions 
 presented in favour of a Prohibitory Liquor Law, beg 
 leave in presenting their second report to call the atten- 
 tion of your honourable House to the following consider- 
 ations, the result of their most careful deliberations, and 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 237 
 
 based upon the £nx;ts to which they have had access 
 so far : — 
 
 " 1. That the traffic in intoxicating liquors is an unmit- 
 igated evil, widespread in its effects, reaching with more 
 or less virulence every class of the community, destroy- 
 ing and blighting with its baneful influence the existence 
 of many of the most useful and promising members of soci- 
 ety, producing untold domestic misery and destitution, and 
 leading to the formation of habits alike opposed to the 
 moral and intellectual advancement and prosperity of 
 the country. 
 
 " 2. That the petitions presented, 384 in number, to your 
 honourable House, and signed by 39,228 individuals, as 
 well as the petitions from 82 municipalities arid the Le- 
 gislature of the Province of Ontario, praying for a Pro- 
 hibitory Liquor Law, show that the people of the Dominion 
 are very strongly impressed with the enormity of the 
 evils alluded to, and that, in view of this strong and un- 
 equivocal demand, your Committee feel bound to urge 
 the necessity of some action on the part of yom* honour- 
 able House to meet the wishes of the petitioners, and if 
 possible remove the evils complained of. 
 
 " 3. That in examining the answers received from the 
 Sheriffs, Prison Inspectors, Coroners, and Police Magis- 
 trates, one hundred and fourteen of whom havi> volun- 
 tarily given evidence, your Committee find that four-fifths 
 of the crime committed in the Province of Ontario (an- 
 swers have not yet been received from the other Pro- 
 vinces) is directly or indirectly connected with the manu- 
 facture, sale and consumption of intoxicating liquors. 
 
 V 
 
 Ui 
 
I 
 
 238 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 "4. Your Committee further find, on examining the 
 reports of the Prison Inspectors for the Provinces of 
 Ontario and Quebec, that out of 28,289 commitments to 
 the gaols for the three previous years, 21,236 were com- 
 mitted either for drunkenness or for crimes perpetrated 
 under the influence of drink, thus corroborating the 
 statements of the magistrates and others above alluded to. 
 
 " 5. Your Committee find also, from the reports of one 
 hundred and fifty-three medical men, as well as from 
 statements made by medical practitioners in the United 
 States and Great Britain, that the use of intoxicating 
 liquors as beverage is not essential to the health or well- 
 being of the community, but, on the contrary, it often leads 
 to disease and premature death. 
 
 " 6. Your Committee have also to report that they have 
 made, as far as time would permit, enquiry into the oper- 
 ation and effect of the Prohibitory Liquor Law in the 
 State of Maine, accepting its operations there as the fair- 
 est test of its success, and find that although there are 
 violations of the law, in many cases flagrant and glaring, 
 yet from the evidence received your Committee is con- 
 vinced that a Prohibitory Liquor Law would mitigate, if 
 not entirely remove, the evils complained of. 
 
 " 7. In considering the immediate effJect which the pas- 
 sage of a Prohibitory Liquor Law would have upon the 
 revenue of the country, your Committee are bound to 
 admit that for some time at least there might be a falling 
 off; yet in the face of the evils arising from the liquor 
 traffic alluded to in the first paragraph of this report, they 
 cannot recommend any other course to your honourable 
 

 ADDENDA. 
 
 239 
 
 House than a ready compliance with the prayers of the 
 petitioners. The reasons on which your Committee base 
 this recommendation are the following: — Although the 
 revenue arising from the traffic is now very large, amount- 
 ing last year to $5,034,543.58, yet the expense of the ad- 
 ministration of justice, the maintenance of asylums, hos- 
 pitals and penitentiaries, consequent upon the habitual 
 use of intoxicating liquors, would be largely diminished, 
 thus furnishing a very considerable offset to the amount 
 lost to the revenue ; that the capital now invested in the 
 traffic, large as your Committee believe it to be, would, if 
 diverted to other purposes of trade, add largely in a very 
 short time to the general wealth of the country, and open 
 up new and even more profitable sources of industry, 
 which, in their turn, would contribute to the revenue 
 without those baneful associations which vitiate the re- 
 turns accrued from tie liquor traffic ; that the effect upon 
 the industrial prosperity of thousands who are now im- 
 poverished by their dissipated habits, would be such as 
 to enable them to consume other dutiable goods, the law 
 of supply and demand being such that wherever there is 
 a surplus for capital it will find for itself some field of 
 investment ; that it is clearly the duty of the Govern- 
 ment, when the social, moral and civil standing of the 
 subjects are imperilled by the existence of any traffic or 
 trade, that, apart from all considerations of the gain or 
 profit, the interests of the subject should not be sacrificed 
 even to the expansion or maintenance of the revenue • 
 that the principle of protection to the subject agjiinst evils 
 which may be and which are sources of levenue is already 
 
 
 ,1. 
 
 15 
 
 i fil 1 5 
 
240 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 conceded in Acts passed on former occasions in the Legis- 
 lature of Canada, such as the Dunkin Act, sanitary laws, 
 and other laws of a similar nature. 
 
 "8. In view of these facts, your Committee would most 
 respectfully submit to your honourable House the impor- 
 tance of speedily removing the evil complained of, by the 
 enactment of a Prohibitory Liquor Law ; that is, a law 
 prohibiting the importation, manufacture, and sale of all 
 intoxicating liquors, except for medicinal and mechanical 
 purposes, regulated by proper safeguards and checks." 
 
 E. V. BODWELL, 
 
 Chairman. 
 Ottawa, 9th May, 1873. 
 
 Success of Prohibition in Maine. 
 
 Testimonies as to the workings and results of the Maine 
 Law, procured by Hon. Neal Dow from the Governor of 
 the State, Senators and Representatives in Congress, 
 Mayors, ex-Mayors, Judges, Ministers, Sheri£fs, Internal 
 Revenue Officers and others : — 
 
 (From ,Hi8 Excdlency Sidney PerJia/m, Governor of 
 
 Maine.) 
 
 Executive Department, Augusta, 
 Maine, June 3, 1872. 
 
 Dear Sir, — In answer i your enquiry in regard to the 
 effect of the Maine Law upon the liquor trade in this 
 State, — probably one-tenth, in some places, is sold secretly 
 in violation of the law, as many other offences ; but in 
 large districts of the State, the traffic is nearly or quite 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 241 
 
 iihe Legis- 
 ary laws, 
 
 « 
 
 ould most 
 lie impor- 
 of, by the 
 is, a law 
 lale of all 
 echanical 
 jcks." 
 
 L, 
 
 rman. 
 
 le Maine 
 rernor of 
 congress. 
 Internal 
 
 nor of 
 
 JGUSTA, 
 
 I to the 
 in this 
 ecretlv 
 but in 
 quite 
 
 unknown, where formerly it was carried on like any other 
 trade. 
 
 Very respectfully yours, 
 
 Sidney Perham, 
 
 Governor of Maine. 
 To Of^nenJ Neal Dow. 
 
 (From the Senators and Repreientatives ofMame.) 
 
 Forty-second Conqress, U. S. House of 
 Representatives, Washington, D.C., 
 May 29th, 1872. 
 
 My dear Sir, — Your favour of the 26th instant, contain- 
 ing an enquiry, is before me ; and in reply, while I am 
 unable to state any exact percentage of decrease in the 
 business, I can and do, from my own personal observa- 
 tion, unhesitatingly affirm that the consumption of intoxi- 
 cating liquors in Maine is not to-day one-fourth as great 
 as it was twenty years ago ; that, in the country portions 
 of the State, the sale and use have almost entirely ceased ; 
 that the law under a vigorous enforcement has created a 
 temperance sentiment which is marvellous. 
 
 Wm. P. Frye, Jf.C. o/ if aiwe, 
 and ex-Attormy-OeneraZ of same State. 
 
 The Hon. Neal Dow. 
 
 [Concurred in by Senators Lot M. Morrill and H. 
 Hamlin ; also by Members of Congress J. G. Blaine, John 
 Lynch, John A. Peters, and Eugene Hale.] 
 
I 
 
 242 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 (From a Mayor, ex-Mayors, <&c., Portland, Mamie.) 
 
 Portland, May 28, 1872. 
 
 As to the diminution of the liquor traffic in the State 
 of Maine, and particularly in this city, as the result of the 
 adoption of the policy of prohibition, many persons with 
 the best means of judging believe that the liquor trade is 
 not now one-tenth as large as it was formerly. We do 
 not know but such an opinion is correct, but content our- 
 selves with saying that the diminution of the trade is very 
 great, and the favourable effects of the policy of prohibi- 
 tion are manifest to the most casual observer. 
 
 Benj. Kingsbubt, Jr., 
 
 Mayor. 
 [Concurred in by four ox-Mayors.] 
 
 (From County a/nd City Officers a/nd a Judge.) 
 
 Portland, May 28, 1872. 
 
 We are of the decided opinion that the liquor trade is 
 not one-tenth of what it was prior to the adoption of the 
 Maine Law. 
 
 Eben Leach, 
 Registrar, Oumberkmd Cowaty, and others. 
 
 (Pastors of various Churches in Portl^x/nd.) 
 
 Portland, May 31, 1872. 
 
 As to the effect of the Maine Law upon the traffic in 
 strong drinks in this city, the quantity sold now is but a 
 small fraction of what we remember the sales to have been. 
 If the trade exists at all here, it is carried on with secrecy 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 243 
 
 \Iavne.) 
 8, 1872. 
 
 the State 
 suit of the 
 rsons with 
 3r trade is 
 T. We do 
 Qtent our- 
 ide is very 
 )f prohibi- 
 
 Jr., 
 Mayor. 
 
 dge.) 
 
 , 1872. 
 
 trade is 
 ion of the 
 
 others. 
 
 1872. 
 
 traffic in 
 is but a 
 ve been, 
 secrecy 
 
 and caution, as other unlawful practices are. All our 
 people must agree that the benefits of this state of things 
 are obvious and very great. 
 [Signed by 12 Pastors of Churches in Portland.] 
 
 (From a Democratic Mayor.) 
 
 Portland, Maine, May 29, 1872. 
 
 My dear Sir, — I have had good opportunities of observ- 
 ing the condition of the State compared with other States 
 where there are no prohibitory laws, and I am certain 
 that the rural portions of Maine are, and have been, in an 
 infinitely better condition with reference to the sale and 
 use of such liquors than similar portions of other States 
 referred to ; and are, and have been, comparatively fi:ee 
 from both the sale and use, and this must fairly be con* 
 sidered the result of prohibitory legislation. At the pre- 
 sent time the law is probably enforced in large towns and 
 cities as thoroughly, at least, as any other penal statute. 
 
 Wm. S. Putnam. 
 
 [Mr. Putnam was Democratic Mayor four years ago. 
 His party has always opposed prohibition. Hence the 
 special value of his testimony.] 
 
 {From the Mayor of Bangor.) 
 
 Mayor's Office, City of Bangor, Me.^ 
 May 30, 1872. 
 
 The law is being enforced throughout the State a» 
 never Uefore, and with wonderful success. It is safe to 
 
 
 
244 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 say that in our city not one-tenth part as much is sold 
 now as in years past, when the law was not enforced. 
 
 J. S. Wheelwright, 
 
 Mayor. 
 [Concurred in by Aldermen, City Officers and others.] 
 
 {The Supervisor of Internal Revenue District, Maine.) 
 
 Dover, N.H., May 31, 1872. 
 
 In the course of my duty I have become thoroughly ac- 
 quainted with the state and extent of the liquor traffic in 
 Maine, and I have no hesitation in saying that the beer 
 trade is not more than one per cent, of what I remember 
 it to have been, and the trade in distilled liquors is 
 not more than 10 per cent, of what it was formerly. 
 Where liquor is sold at all it is done secretly, through fear 
 of the law. 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 WoLCOTT Hamlin, 
 Supervisor of In. Rev. Diet, of Mains, N. H. and Vt. 
 To Gen. Neal Dow. 
 
 {Frcm Col. ElUoU) 
 
 Brunswick, Maine, June 3, 1872. 
 
 The Maine Law is not a failure, but, on the contrary, 
 almost a complete success. We are doing finely h«re. 
 Scarce the least evidence of strong drink in town. 
 
 Daniel Elliott. 
 
 [Brunswick is a manufacturing town with a great water 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 245 
 
 i is sold 
 reed. 
 
 •> 
 
 layor. 
 
 others.] 
 
 Maine) 
 
 , 1872. 
 
 ghly ac- 
 traffic in 
 the beer 
 ^member 
 quors is 
 brmerly. 
 ugh fear 
 
 and Vt. 
 
 1872. 
 
 mtrary, 
 ly here. 
 
 lOTT. 
 
 b> water 
 
 power — the seat of Bowdoin College — ^a railway centre — 
 a most flourishing and beautiful place. N. D.] 
 
 (From Oen. Cha/mherlainef ex-Oovernor of Maine) 
 
 Brunswick, Maine, May 30, 1872. 
 
 The declaration made by many persons that the Maine 
 Law is inoperative, and that liquor is sold freely and in 
 large quantities in this State, is not true. The liquor 
 traffic has been greatly repressed and diminished here and 
 throughout the State, and in many places has been 
 entirely swept away. The law is as well executed gene- 
 rally in the State as other criminal laws. We say with- 
 out reserve that if liquors are sold at all, it is in very 
 small quantities compared with the old times, and in a 
 secret wa^^^, as other unlawful things are done. 
 
 Joshua L. Chamberlaine. 
 Geo. C. Crawford, Postmaster. 
 
 [General Chamberlaine was Governor of the State for 
 four years preceding the term of the present Governor. 
 He is now President of Bowdoin College.] 
 
 {ConventionofPaMora ofFreeBaptibt Churches i/aMai/nu) 
 
 Portland, May 31st, 1872. 
 
 To whom it may concern. — It is often said by persons 
 — unfriendly to the temperance cause, and to the policy of 
 prohibition of the liquor traffic — ^that the Maine Law has 
 failed to accomplish its purpose. Now we, the under- 
 signed, pastors of Free Baptist Churches in various parts 
 
 I 
 
 m 
 
 ■Wi 
 
 ; : • 
 
 ■» H 
 
246 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 n 
 
 of Maine, assembled at a denominational convention in 
 Portland, state that the liquor traflSc is very greatly di- 
 minished under the repressive power of the Maine Law. 
 It cannot be one tithe of what it was formerly, and if it is 
 carried on it is With secrecy and caution, as other unlaw- 
 ful practices are. The grog-shops are put by the law in 
 the same category with gambling-houses and brothels, and 
 prohibited as at war with the interests of the State and 
 people. 
 
 Approved by vote of Conference. (Signed 
 also unanimously.) 
 
 (Convention of Oood Templars, Maine.) 
 
 Cape Elizabeth, May 29, 1872. 
 
 It was unanimously resolved, — That the Chairman 
 certify, in the name of the Convention : That by the 
 operation of the Maine Law in this State, the happy effects 
 of this change are everywhere apparent. That in this 
 town, where formerly the people were great sufferers from 
 strong drinks, and generally throughout the State where 
 the traffic yet lingers, it is covertly, as other offences 
 against the law are, and that the quantity of liquors now 
 sold in this State cannot be one-tenth as much as it was 
 formerly. 
 
 Signed on behalf of the Convention, 
 Daniel R. Dresser, 
 
 Chxwrman. 
 
 [This convention was held in the Wesleyan Church, 
 which was packed full, and many were standing for want 
 of seats.] 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 247 
 
 (From the Rector 8t. Stephen's Protestant Episcopal 
 
 tfhurch.) 
 
 Portland, Maine, June 4, 1872. 
 
 My dear General, — ^To make this law a still greater 
 
 blessing, all that is needed is to enforce it as faithfully in 
 
 the future as at the present time. 
 
 Truly yours, 
 
 A. Dalton. 
 Hon. Neal Dow. 
 
 (Hon. E. 0. Harlow, Mame.) 
 
 Dixfield, Oxford County, Maine» 
 June 4th, 1872. 
 
 I have been travelling over the State considerably this 
 spring. I am now thoroughly acquainted with my own 
 county (Oxford), and do not hesitate to say there is not 
 now a gallon of liquor sold where there was a barrel be- 
 fore the Maine Law of 1851. At our last term of Supreme 
 Judicial Court, in March, not a single indictment for any 
 crime was found. Our (county) jail is empty ; our work- 
 house greatly reduced ; and the improvement wonderful. 
 
 Truly your friend, 
 
 E. G. Harlow, 
 Member of Eocecutive Council in Maine. 
 
 (From the Secretary of State, Maine.) 
 
 Augusta, June, 1872. 
 
 As to the present extent of the liquor traffic in Maine, 
 as compared with its condition in former times, there can- 
 
 I' 5 
 
 ! »1 
 
248 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 II 
 
 not be any difference of opinion among intelligent citizens 
 of the Btate to the fact that the* traffic is greatly less than 
 we remember it to have been. If we were to say that the 
 quantity of liquors sold here is not one-tenth so large as 
 it was, it would not be above the truth, and the favour- 
 able effects of the change upon all the interests of the 
 State are plainly seen everywhere. 
 
 O. G. Stacy, 
 8ecreta/ry ofStcUe, and other State Officers. 
 
 {(Hty Ma/rshalf eon-Mayora^ dtc.) 
 
 Saco, Maine, ^une 10, 1S72. ^ 
 
 As to whether there has been or not a diminution of 
 the liquor trade under the operation of the Maine Law, 
 we reply, that the decrease of that traffic has been great. 
 In many parts of the State it has been entirely suppressed ; 
 and BO far as we know and believe, it does not exist any- 
 where in the State, except covertly, as a thing under the 
 ban of the law. 
 
 Obadiah Dubgin, 
 Marshal, and other City Officers. 
 
 {From ike Overseers of the Poor of Portkmd.) 
 
 Office of the Ovbbsebbs of the Poor, 
 Portland, June 4, 1872. 
 
 If liquor shops exist in this city at all, it is with secrecy 
 and great caution. The favourable effect is very evident, 
 particularly in the department of pauperism and crime. 
 While the population of the city increases, pauperism and 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 249 
 
 it citizens 
 less than 
 J that the 
 large as 
 3 favour- 
 A Q>i the 
 
 fficers. 
 
 1872. ■ 
 
 ution of 
 ne Law, 
 >n great. 
 >ressed ; 
 ist any- 
 der the 
 
 cers. 
 
 Poor, 
 
 ecrecy 
 ident, 
 crime. 
 Q and 
 
 crime diminish, and in the department of police the num- 
 ber of arrests and commitments are very much less than 
 formerly. 
 
 John Bradford, 
 Chmrman, and the rest of the Board. 
 
 To General Neal Dow. 
 
 Prohibition of the Liquor Traffic. 
 
 The one question above all others which should engage 
 the attention of Legislators is the Prohibition of the 
 Liquor Traffic. 
 
 If the people's representatives would enquire, " What 
 legislation would most benefit the commonwealth, and 
 elevate the public, socially, morally and politically ?" 
 there can be little doubt as to the answer. 
 
 The misfortune, however, is that, in many instances, 
 conscience is not allowed to decide a matter of this kind, 
 but self-interest; and because the liquor influence is 
 powerful, the traffic is winked at. 
 
 It requires no small amount of moral heroism to 
 attempt to break down the drinking usages which have 
 been transmitted to us by our fathers, and to assail a 
 traffic which is fostered by the State ; but, in view of the 
 sad havoc which drink has caused, it is high time that all 
 those who wish our country well would take a decided 
 stand in endeavouring to suppress the monster evil of the 
 times. 
 
 It is preposterous to throw the sanction of law around 
 a traffic that the physician, the chemist and the ph^si- 
 
 1 ii 
 
 ii. 
 
250 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 
 1 •'■■■■ 
 
 ■'1 * 
 it 
 
 i 
 
 ^\--^A 
 
 i^ '' 
 
 
 ■; ,l 
 
 
 li 
 
 . # 
 
 ^r 
 
 M 
 
 ologist have declaved to be injurious. The committee 
 appointed by the Legislature of this Province, during the 
 session of 1858, consisting of a portion of the most en- 
 lightened members composing that House, declared in 
 their report, as the result of a careful and thorough 
 investig'ition of the whole question, that, — although im- 
 possible "to present a full estimate of tue effects of the use 
 of intoxicating drinks upon the peace, happiness, health, 
 morality and prosperity of the people of this Prorince," 
 — from poUce reports, coroners' reports, the reports of the 
 British House of Commons on thi^ very subject, and a 
 variety of other testimony of the most incontrovertible 
 chartf ';ter, " three-fourths of the misery, pauperism and 
 crime in this Province have then* origin in ,the use of 
 intoxicating liquors !" And further, that " alcohol is not, 
 as a beverage, needful for, or conducive to, the enjoyment 
 of health, nor for the greatest abUity for bodily or mental 
 effort and length of life." 
 
 " It is to the human constitution a poison, the use of 
 which, aa a beverage, is always hurtful." 
 
 " It produces many and aggravates most of the diseases 
 to which ho human frame is liable." 
 
 " It tends to render diseases hereditary, and thus to 
 deteriorate the human race." 
 
 " It weakens the understanding, stupifies the conscience 
 and hardens the heart." * 
 
 " It is the frequent i^use of insanity, and produces pre- 
 disposition to that disease in the offspring of those who 
 use it." 
 
 " It occiu>ionH aimuiUly the loss of an immeuHe amount 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 251 
 
 )mmittee 
 iringthe 
 nost en- 
 ilared in 
 iiorough 
 mgh im- 
 ^ the use 
 , health, 
 DTinco," 
 » of the 
 b, and a 
 vertible 
 sm and 
 use of 
 I is not, 
 ayment 
 mental 
 
 use of 
 
 isoases 
 
 lus to 
 
 cience 
 
 8 pre- 
 3 who 
 
 lount 
 
 of property ; and is the fruitful source of domestic misery, 
 pauperism and crime in the community." 
 
 " It powerfully counter(ict8 the efficacy of aU means for 
 the intellectual elevation, the moral purity, the personal 
 benefit and the public usefulness of every part of society." 
 " It endangers the purity xad permanence of our free 
 institutions, by its corrupting and debasing influence on 
 the public morals and mind.'' " It alarmingly shortens 
 human life, induces men and women to disown God and 
 ruin themselves," and as an incontrovertible consequence, 
 " for men to use intoxicating drinks aa a beverage, to 
 make or to furnish it to be used by others, is morally 
 wrong, and ought universally to be discontinued." And 
 notwithstanding the success which has attended the 
 efforts of temperance organizations, " in appealing to the 
 reason, the conscience and self-interest of men, proving 
 by incontestible evidence the injury that has re^'ilted to 
 individuals and the community at large, yo'i • committee 
 are of opinion that such philosophic efforts cannot be 
 completely successful while the Legislature countenances, 
 encmirages, protects and legalizts the f ternicious traffic in 
 alcoholic drinks. Tho Legislature has not taken a 
 neutral position in this matter ; its aid has been extended, 
 and its power used as a shield to this evil, by which so 
 many thousands of the people of this Province have been 
 destroved. The law authorizes the mischief, and the 
 Government derives revenue as an equivalent for the 
 legal sanction which extends to the traffic," — every shil- 
 ling of which is v)et with the tears of disconsolate female 
 wretchedmess, and siaijied 'with the life'fi blood of oar 
 
 
 jWr tlMiiillJ 
 
 fe 
 
252 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 countrymen. " Thus the civil power of Canada, instead 
 of serving the purpose for which it was instituted, be- 
 comes the ahettor of crime and misery." 
 
 It may not be out of place to look at the reaction 
 which follows licensing wrong-doing. Has it not culmi- 
 nated in a proverb, "Drunken Rulers?" Members of 
 Parliaaient have admitted to the writer, that by en- 
 deavouring to secure the influence of the liquor sellers to 
 assist them in their elections, their moral power became 
 weakened, and the result was they fell an easy prey to 
 the drink devil. x 
 
 Is it not a lamentable truth, that to enter the field of 
 politics is almost equivalent to becoming a drunkard ? 
 Some have been so disgusted with parliamentary life that 
 they have retired into private life; so that, in many 
 instances, the most undesirable men are retained in office 
 through the power of liquor and other corrupt practices. 
 
 That this sad state of things is so, the following para- 
 graphs will testify : — 
 
 (From the Belleville Intelligencer, Conservative) 
 
 " But lAf ij»G go directly to the heart of the nativ>n. We 
 will leave mere political sin out of the question, and 
 examine one of the roots that is the prolific parent of 
 political sin as well as of all other sins. What do we 
 find ? The most gifted intelligence of the nation stag- 
 gering to their seats in the Iiegislature in the open light 
 of day, and in the presence of the assembled wisdom of 
 C^SI^ada — staggering from the Parliamentary saloon — 
 
 . fes 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 258 
 
 staggering from rooms where alcoholic liquors flow as 
 freely as does the Ottawa over the Falls of the Chaudiere. 
 Not onl J the talented, but the ignorant made still more 
 debased — the sensual still more sensual — the tippler con- 
 firmed in his habit by the example given in high places. 
 We know what vices the use of these stimulants lead to. 
 Can we wonder, the a, when we witness such scenes, if 
 outraged justice avenge itself ? Could we complain, while 
 we wink at and justify such iniquities, if Heaven's judg- 
 ments were visited upon us in their most terrible form ? 
 Can we reasonably expect, while we tolerate such out- 
 rages on our conmion decency, such flagrant violations of 
 God's law, to escape the wrath of the Avengers' hand ?" 
 
 (From the CovMy of Perth Herald.) 
 
 " On many occasions, during the late session, the House 
 presented more the appearance of a drunken brothel than 
 the Legislative Halls of a free and enlightened people. 
 Ministers of the Crown often came to their desks in a state 
 of beastly drunkenness, and acted more the part of 
 drunken sots or bufibons than confidential advisers of Her 
 Majesty's representative. And, to their shame be it said, 
 the drunken antics of these besotted Ministers elicited 
 applause. Has drunkenness, then, become a virtue, that 
 men should glory in it ? Can a country prosper while 
 such a class of mepi have the management of liM aflairs ? ' 
 Can the approving smile of Heaven rest upon such con- 
 duct i and can we, dare we look fr;r tmiiomti blessings ? 
 What ! is that man fit to be the ruler of a free, enlight- 
 
 t, 
 
254 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 ened and Christian people, who is so lost to all sense of 
 shame and decency as to make his appearance in the 
 House fresh from the harlot's embrace, exhaling the pesti- 
 ferous breath of the drunkard, and reeling from side to 
 side as he staggers towards his seat ? Surt^Ij not. Surely 
 it has not come to this with us. Surely the indignation 
 of the people will at last burn as a devouring fire, and 
 hurl such [rulers from their present place. During the 
 time cf the Fenian raid, when as one man the youth and 
 chivr^ry of the land sprung to arms in defence of their 
 country and their flag, that man in whose hands, it may 
 be said, these young men for the time had placed their 
 lives, was lying drunk — ^yes, drunk — ^let the proper word 
 be used — so drunk as to be incapable of performing any 
 ofl'cial act ; and there are more in the Cabinet like him. 
 Merciful God ! are these the men we have to depend 
 upon when a powerful and imacrupulous enemy threatens 
 our very existence? Are these the men who are en- 
 trusted with the management of our affairs ? Yes, these 
 are the men, and they, by special bill, retain themselves 
 in office. How long will the people keep silent V 
 
 THE TEMPERANCE ENTERPRISE. 
 
 "But I don't like this total abstinence." Now, all 
 past experience proves that nothing less is an effectual 
 remedy for the evils under whicli society groans. You 
 may stop, but you cannot tame the drinking usages of 
 society. I know thero are some strange remedies re- 
 sorted to in order to effect certain cures. A man was 
 
 R;:«»4# 
 
 .;frwtTi7wn 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 255 
 
 afflicted with a hypochondriac wife. Ofbtimes, as the clock 
 struck twelve, she would give him a knock with her 
 elbow, mid cry, " William, William, I'm going to dee." 
 William bore long and patiently, but he was a poor 
 working man, and h:id to toil hard all day to provide for 
 his small family, and much required rest. At last his 
 patience was exhausted; he thought and prayed over 
 what he should do, and at last resolved that the next 
 time she disturbed him he would either kill or cure her. 
 So the good man, determining to put his resolution into 
 practice, retired to rest; and no sooner had the clock 
 struck twelve, than the elbow (or perpetual motion) was 
 at work. As she exclaimed, "William, William, I'm 
 going to dee," "Amen," replied the old man; "Amen, 
 glory be to Gk)d." At which she burst into a flood of 
 tears, and asked if he reaUy wished her to die. The 
 experiment, however, proved effectual, and William got 
 peaco ever after. 
 
 Total abstinence, which so iespise, is a certain cure 
 for drunkenness, and a safe preventive. Yet, notwith- 
 standing the goodness of our cause, and the terrible evils 
 against which we contend, there are some who won'L join 
 us. They very much resemble an obstinate deacon we 
 have heard of, who opposed almost everything that was 
 calcidated to benefit the church with which he stood con- 
 nected. No matter what scheme was advanced, he would 
 oppose it The mimster had done all in his power to get 
 him to work in harmony with his brother deacons ; but 
 no! he would oppose, and object, and hinder. At laat 
 the minister lequested Deacon A. to pray that God would 
 
 fH 
 
 1'3 
 
256 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 ii 
 
 i I 
 
 take Deacon B. home to Himself; that they had done all 
 they coi}ld to get him to act for the good of religion, 
 without effect, and now to please take him out of the 
 way. " You need not mind,*' said the refractory deacon, 
 " I won't go." So with some people ; they are ohstinate, 
 and refuse to connect themselves with our cause. May 
 they be led to see and to do their duty. 
 
 " Act aa in the living present, 
 
 Heart within and God overhead. " 
 
 No doubt there will be much to contend against, and 
 considerable to bear in upholding the Temperance enter- 
 prise, but let us bear with one another, and work for the 
 right. 
 
 A minister observed a marked change in the conduct 
 of a man and his wife in his congregation. Now they 
 were gentle, kind and loving, just as man and wife should 
 be ; but a few years before they were cross, surly and 
 snappish. When the wife would speak, the husband 
 would scai-ely answer; and when the husband broke 
 silence, tii' wife would almost bite the nose off him, she 
 waa so ippish. " May I take the liberty to ask you, 
 Mrs. Qrant, how it is that you and Donald are now so 
 pleasant with each other?" " 0, minister," quoth the wife, 
 " we hae lived unco happy since we got twa bears in the 
 house." " Twa what ?" said the minister, ia he looked 
 around, expecting every minute to be. eaten alive. " 
 dinna inisuniierstand me," said the woman, " the kind o* 
 beai-d I mean are these, ye ken. I bear and he forbears; 
 and ^ce I began to bear (and wives sometimes have a 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 257 
 
 lone all 
 religion, 
 of the 
 deacon, 
 Nstinate, 
 >. May 
 
 ist, and 
 
 enter- 
 
 for the 
 
 ionduct 
 w they 
 should 
 and 
 shand 
 hroke 
 m, she 
 you, 
 
 OW 80 
 
 5 wife, 
 in the 
 ooked 
 "O 
 ind o' 
 >ears; 
 ave a 
 
 good deal to bear off their husbands) wi' him, and he to 
 forbear wi' me, we hae lived unco contented and happy." 
 So in this enterprise ; you will have much to bear and for- 
 bear the one with the other, but let nothing prevent you 
 from doing your duty. Poor drunkards are dying, their 
 children are suftering, while language cannot depict^ the 
 misery of the inebriate's wife. Gaze upon that p.ale, wan 
 face ; see that care A^orn and wrinkled brow ; alas ! the hue 
 of health has left her cheek ; her countenance, how sad ! 
 her eyes, once so bright, have lost much of their fire, and 
 are now suftused in tears. Her hair is prematurely grey; 
 her step is feeble ; lier wasted frame is but the index of 
 the keen anguish that fills her soul and wrings the life- 
 blood from her heart. That poor besotted wretch yonder, 
 the cause of all her grief, is her husband ; and, vith all 
 his faults, she loves him still. God pity her ! She hides 
 within her breast a world of sorrow which she will not 
 reveal. God pity her ! God help her ! 
 
 In the evening of the day that Alice D arrived at 
 
 S , a gi'eat temperance meeting was to be held in one 
 
 of the churches. Her friend, who had become enthusi- 
 astic in the Ctause, urged her to go to the meeting, which 
 she did, though with reluctance. The house was 
 crowded above and below. The preliminaries usu- 
 ally appertaining to such meetings having been ar- 
 ranged, a brief opening address was made by one of the 
 ministers. A reformed man then related his experience 
 with great effect. After he had fimshed there was a pause 
 for nearly a minute. At length a man who had been 
 
 seated far back, with his face i)artly turned from the 
 u 
 
I 
 
 I 
 
 258 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 i 
 
 audience, arose slowly, and moved to the front of the 
 stage. 
 
 A half suppressed exclamation escaped Alice, as her 
 eye caught the well-known features of him who had once 
 been her husband, while a q\\ick thrill ran through her. 
 
 Then her frame trembled in accordance with her trem- 
 bling heart. The face of Mr. Delaney had greatly 
 changed since she had looked upon it. Its calm, dignified 
 elevation had been restored — but what a difference ! 
 
 "Mr. President," he began, with a broken voice, 
 " although I had consented, at your solicitation, to address 
 this large assembly to-night, yet I have felt so strong a 
 reluctance to do so that it has been with the greatest 
 difficulty that I dragged myself forward. But I passed 
 my word and could not violate it. As to relating my 
 experience, that I do not think upon. The past I dare 
 not recall. Would to Heaven that ten years of my life 
 were blotted out." 
 
 The speaker here paused a moment, although much 
 affected. Then with a firm voice he said : 
 
 " But something must be said of my own case, or I 
 shall fail to make that impression on your minds tha+. I 
 wish to produce." 
 
 Pictures of real life touch the heart with real power, 
 while absent presentments of truth glitter coldly in the 
 intellect u£d regions of the mind, and then fade from the 
 perception like figures in a diorama. 
 
 " Your speaker once stood among the first members of 
 the bflT 'n a neighbouring State. Nay, more than this, he 
 represented liis country m the Assembly of Common- 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 259 
 
 much 
 
 wealth ; and more than that still, he occupied a seat in 
 Congress for two congressional periods." 
 
 At this period the stillness of death pervaded the 
 crowded assembly. 
 
 " And yet more than all this," he continued, his voice 
 sinking into a low, thrilling tone, " he had a tender wife 
 and two sweet children. But all these honours, and all 
 those blessings, have departed from him," he continued, 
 his voice growing deeper and louder in his efforts to con- 
 trol himself. " T'.^ was unworthy to retain them. His 
 constituents threw him off because he had debased him- 
 self and disgraced them. And worse than all — she who 
 loved him devotedly, she who had borne him two babes, 
 was forced to abandon him and seek an asylum at her 
 father's house. 
 
 " And why was I so changed in a few short years ? 
 What power was there to abase me so that my fellow- 
 beings spumed me, and even the wife of my bosom turned 
 away heart-sick from me ? Alas, my friends, it was sad 
 indulgence in mockery ! A very demon, a curse changing 
 us into a beast ! But for this I were an honourable and 
 useful representative in Congress, pursuing after my 
 country's good, and blessed in the home circle with my 
 wife and children. But I have not told you all ; after my 
 wife left me, I sank rapidly. A state of perfect sobriety 
 brought me to many sober thoughts. I therefore drank 
 more freely, and was rarely, if ever, free from the be- 
 witching effects of intoxication. I remained in the same 
 village several years, but I never once saw her. For two 
 years of the time I abandoned myself to the fearful 
 
260 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 impulses of the appetite I had uapiii'ed. 1 had not a 
 week of sobriety during that time, nor caught a glimpse 
 of ray children. At last I became so abandoned in my 
 habits that my wife, urged on by her friends, filed an 
 application for divorce. And as a cause could easily be 
 shown why it should be granted, separation was legally 
 declared. To com.plete my disgrace, at the next congres- 
 sional canva«s I was left off the ticket as unfit to represent 
 my district. I left the country and State where I had 
 lived from my boyhood up. 
 
 " Then I heard of this movement, the great temperance 
 cause. At first I sneered, then wondered, hesitated, and 
 finally threw myself upon the great wave that was swell- 
 ing onward, in the hope of being carried by it far out 
 of the reach of danger, and I did not hope with a vain 
 hope. It gave me all, and certainly more than I could 
 have dreamed of. It set me once more upon my feet — 
 once more made a man of me. 
 
 " Three years have passed since then. Earnest devo- 
 tion to my profession, and fervent prayers to Him who 
 alone gives aid to every good resolution, have restored to 
 me much that had been lost ; but not the richest treasure 
 that I proved myself unworthy to retain ; not my wife 
 and children. Ah! between myself and these, the law 
 has laid its stern, impassable interdiction. I have no 
 longer my children, though my heart goes out toward 
 those dearly beloved ones with the tendereit yearnings. 
 Pictures of our early days of wedded love are ever in my 
 imagination. I dream of the sweet fire circle ; I ever see 
 before me the once placid face of my Alice, as her eye 
 
ADnKNDA. 
 
 201 
 
 rl not a 
 glimpse 
 
 in my 
 filed an 
 asily be 
 
 legally 
 3ongres- 
 spresont 
 e I had 
 
 perance 
 ;ed, and 
 3 swell- 
 far out 
 
 a vain 
 I could 
 
 feet — 
 
 devo- 
 m who 
 )red to 
 easure 
 y wife 
 le law 
 ive no 
 oward 
 nings. 
 in my 
 ^er see 
 3r eye 
 
 looked into my own with intelligent confidence. I feel 
 her arm twine around my neck — the music of her voice 
 ia ever sounding in my ear." 
 
 Here the speaker's emotion overcame him. His utter- 
 ance choked him, and he stood with bowed head and 
 trembling limbs. The dense stillness was broken here and 
 there by half stifled sobs. At this moment there wa« a 
 movement in the crowd. A single female figure, before 
 whom every one appeared instinctively to give way, was 
 passing up the aisle. This was not observed by Delaney 
 until she had come nearly in front of the platform on 
 which he stood. The movement caught his ear, and lift- 
 ing his eyes they fell on Alice ; for it was she that was 
 pressing forward. He bent toward her with sudden up- 
 lifted hands and eager eyes, and stood like a statue until 
 she had gained the stand and advanced quietly to his side. 
 For a moment they thus stood — the whole audience, 
 thrilled with the scene, were upon their feet and bending 
 forward. Then Delaney opened his arms and Alice threw 
 herself upon his bosom with a quick and wild gesture. 
 Thus for the space of a minute they stood — every one by 
 a singular intuition understanding the scene. One of 
 the ministers came forward and separated them. 
 
 " No, no," said Delaney, " you must not — you cannot 
 tjike her away from me !" 
 
 " Heaven forbid that I should do that," replied the mi- 
 nister. " But by your confession she is not your 
 wife." 
 
 " No, she is not," replied Delaney, mournfully. 
 
 " But she is now ready to renew her vows again," 
 
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 ADDENDA. 
 
 said Alice, smiling through her tears, that now rained 
 over her face. 
 
 Before that large assembly, all standing and with few 
 dry eyes, was said, in a broken voice, the marriage cere- 
 mony that gave Delaney and Alice to each other. As the 
 minister, an aged man, with thin, white locks, finished the 
 rite, he laid his hands on the two he had joired in holy 
 bonds, and lifting up his aged eyes that streamed with 
 drops of gladness, he said in a solemn voice : 
 
 " What God has joined together, let not rum put asun- 
 der." 
 
 " Amen ! " was cried by the whole assembly, as with a 
 single voice. 
 
 It was a bitter cold night, on the twenty-fourth of 
 December ; the snow lay deep upon the ground, and the 
 bright moon rode half-way up the heavens. In the high 
 road, a short distance from a quiet village, stood the form 
 of a human being ; his garments were by far insufficient 
 to keep out the biting frost, his frame trembled, and his 
 countenance bore all the fearful marks of horrid intem- 
 perance. Before him stood a cottage, elegant in its simple 
 neatness, and as he gazed upon it, the tears rolled down 
 his bloatad cheeks as he clasped his hands in agony and 
 exclaimed, " O thou fond home of my happier days ! be- 
 neath thy roof I was married to the idol of my soul, and 
 within thy peaceful walls God gave me two blessed 
 children ; under thy sacred roof peace and plenty smiled, 
 and love and joy were mine. Six years have passed since 
 the demon I took to my heart drove me from thy shelter- 
 ing. O thou fatal cup ! No ! 'twas I myself who did it 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 263 
 
 But there is room upon earth for another man, and by 
 God's help I'll be that man." 
 
 Within the only apartment of a miserable and almost 
 broken-down hovel, sat a woman and two children, a boy 
 and a girl. The cold wind found its entrance through a 
 hundred crevices, and as its biting gusts swept through 
 the room, the mother and her children crouched nearer to 
 the few embers that still smouldered upon the hearth. 
 The only furniture was four poor stools, a ricketty table, 
 and a scantily-covered bed ; while in one corner, nearest 
 to the fire-place, was a heap of straw and tattered blankets, 
 which served as a resting place for the brother and sister. 
 Part of a tallow candle was burning upon the table, and 
 by its dim light one might have seen that wretched 
 mother's countenance. It was pale and wan, and wet 
 with tears. The faces of her children were both buried in 
 her lap, and they seamed to sleep peacefully under her 
 prayerful guardianship. At length the sound of footsteps 
 upon the snow-crust struck upon the mother's ears, and 
 hastily arousing her children, she hurried them to their 
 lowly bed ; and hardly had they crouched away beneath 
 the thin blankets when the door was opened, and the 
 man whom we have already seen before that pretty 
 cottage, entered the house. With a trembling, fearful 
 look, the wife gazed into her husband's face, and seemed 
 ready to crouch back from his approach, when the mark 
 of a tear-drop upon his cheek caught her eye. Could it 
 be, thought she, that that pearly drop was in truth a tear ? 
 No — perhaps a snow-flake had fallen there and melted. 
 Once or twice Thomas Wilkins seemed upon the point of 
 
264 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 speaking some word to his wife, but at length he turned 
 slowly away and silently undressed himself, and soon after 
 his weary limbs had touched the bed he was asleep. 
 
 Long and earnestly did Mrs. Wilkins gaze upon the 
 features of her husband after he had fallen asleep. There 
 was something strange in his manner — something unac- 
 countable. Surely he had not been drinking ; for his coun- 
 tenance had none of that vacant, wild, demoniac look that 
 usually rested there. His features were rather sad and 
 thoughtful than otherwise ; and — O, heavens ! is it pos- 
 sible ? — a smile played about his mouth, and a sound, as 
 if of prayer, issued from his lips while yet he slept. 
 
 A faint hope, like the misty vapour of approaching 
 mom, flitted before the heai-t-broken wife. But she could 
 not grasp it — she had no foundation for it ; and with a 
 deep groan she let the phantom pass. She went to her 
 children and drew the clothes more closely about them ; 
 then she knelt by their side, and after imprinting on their 
 cheeks a mother's kiss, and uttering a fervent prayer in 
 their behalf, she sought the repose of her pillow. 
 
 Long ere the morning dawned Thomas Wilkins arose 
 from his bed, dressed himself, and left the house. His 
 poor wife awoke just as he was going out, and she would 
 have called^ to him, but she dared not. She would have 
 told him that she had no fuel, no bread — not anything 
 with which to warm and feed the children ; but he was 
 gone, and she sank back upon her pillow and wept. 
 
 The light of morning came at length, but Mrs. Wil- 
 kins had not risen from her bed, nor had her children 
 crawled from out their resting place. A sound of foot- 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 265 
 
 steps is heard from without, accompanied by a noisCj as 
 though a light sled was being dragged through the snow. 
 The door opened and her husband entered. He laid upon 
 the table a heavy wheaten loaf, a pitcher and a paper 
 bundle, then from his pocket he took another paper par- 
 cel, and again he turned towards the door. When next 
 he entered he bore in his arms a load of wood, and three 
 times did he go out and return with a load of the same 
 description. Then he bent over the fire-place, and soon 
 a blazing fire snapped and sparkled on the hearth. As 
 soon as this was accomplished, Thomas Wilkins bent over 
 his children and kissed them ; then he went to the bed- 
 side of his wife, and, while some powerful emotion stirred 
 up his soul and made his chest heave, he murmured : 
 " Kiss me, Lizzie." Tightly that wife wound her arms 
 about the neck of her husband, and as though the love of 
 years were centred in that kiss, she pressed it upon his lips. 
 " There — no more," he uttered, as he gently laid the 
 arm of his wife from his neck ; " these things I have 
 brought are for you and our children," and as he spoke he 
 left the house. Mrs. Wilkins arose from her bed, and 
 tremblingly she examined the articles upon the table. 
 She found the loaf, and in the pitcher she found milk ; 
 one of the papers contained two smaller bundles — one of 
 tea and one of sugar, while in the remaining parcel she 
 found a nice lump of butter. " 0," murmured the poor 
 wife and mother, as she gazed upon the food thus spread 
 out before her, " whence came these ? • Can it be that 
 Thomas has stolen them ? No, he never did that ! And 
 then that look ! that kiss ! — those kind, sweet, sweet 
 
266 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 words ! O, my poor, poor heart, raise not a hope that 
 may only fall and crush thee." 
 
 "Mother," at this moment spoke her son, who had 
 raised himself upon his elbow, " is our father gone ? " 
 " Yes, Charles." " O, tell me, mother— did he not come 
 and kiss me and little Abby this morning ? " " Yes, yes 
 — he did, he did ! " cried the mother, as she flew to the 
 side of her boy and wound her arms about him. "And 
 mother," said the child in low, trembling accents, while 
 he turned a tearful look to his parent's face, " will not 
 father be good to us once more ? " That mother could 
 not speak ; she could only press her children more fondly 
 to her bosom, and weep a mother's tears upon them. 
 Was Lizzie Wilkins happy as she set her children down 
 to that morning's meal ? At least a ray of sunshine was 
 struggling to gain entrance to her bosom. 
 
 Towards the middle of he afternoon, Mr. Abel Walker, 
 a retired sea-captain of some wealth, sat in his comfortable 
 parlour engaged in reading, when one of his servants 
 informed him that some one at the door wished to see 
 him. "Tell him to come in, then," returned Walker. 
 ** But it's that miserable Wilkins, sir." " Never mind," 
 said the captain, after a moment's hesitation, " show him 
 in." " Poor fellow," he continued after the servant had 
 gone, " I wonder what he wants. In truth I pity him." 
 With a trembling step and downcast look Thomas Wil- 
 kins entered Captain Walker's parlour. " Ah, Wilkins," 
 said the old captain, " what has brought you here ? " 
 The poor man twice attempted to speak, but his heart 
 ftiiled him. "Do you come for charity?" "No, sir," 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 267 
 
 hope that 
 
 who had 
 er gone ? " 
 
 not come 
 
 " Yes, yes 
 lew to the 
 im. "And 
 snts, while 
 
 " will not 
 ther could 
 lore fondly 
 )on them, 
 dren down 
 ishine was 
 
 1 Walker, 
 jmfortable 
 
 servants 
 led to see 
 
 Walker, 
 er mind," 
 show him 
 vant had 
 ity him." 
 )mas Wil- 
 Wilkins," 
 u here?" 
 his heart 
 No, sir," 
 
 quickly returned Wilkins, while his eyes gleamed with a 
 proud light. "Then sit down and out with it," said 
 Walker, in a blunt but kind tone. " Captain Walker,'* 
 commenced the poor man, as he took the proffered seat, 
 " I have come to ask if you still o^vn that little cottage 
 behind the hill." " I do." " And is it occupied ?" "No." 
 " Is it engaged ?" " No," returned the captain, regarding 
 his visitor with uncommon interest ; " but why do you 
 ask ?" " Captain Walker," said Wilkins, in a firm and 
 manly tone, even though his eye glistened and his lip 
 quivered, " I have been poor and degraded, deeply steeped 
 in the dregs of poverty and disgrace. Everything that 
 made life valuable I have almost lost. My wife and chil- 
 dren have suffered — and ! God only knows how keenly. 
 T have long wandered in the path of sin. One after an- 
 other the tender cords of friendship that used to bind me 
 to the world have snapped asunder ; my name has be- 
 come a by-word, and upon the earth I have been but a 
 foul blot. But, sir, from henceforth I am a man ! Up 
 from the depth of its long grave I have dragged forth 
 my heart, and love still has its home therein. I have 
 sworn to touch that fatal cup no more, and in my heart 
 there is no lie ! My wife and children shall suffer no more 
 for the sins they n^ver committed. I have seen my old 
 employer at the machine shop, and he has given me a 
 situation, and is even anxious that I should come back ; 
 and, sir, he has even been kind CDOugh to give me an order 
 in advance for necessary articles of clothing, food, and 
 furniture. To-morrow morning I commence work." 
 " And you come to see if you could liave your cottage 
 
 I : 
 
 i 
 
268 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 back again to live in ? " said Captain Walker, as Wilkins 
 hesitated. " Yes, sir, to see if I could hire it of you," 
 returned the poor man. " Wilkins, how much can you 
 make at your business ? " bluntly asked the old captain, 
 without seeming to heed the request. " My employer is 
 going to put me on to job-work, sir ; and as soon as I get 
 my hand in, I can easily make from iive-and-forty to fifty 
 shillings a week." " And how much will it take to sup- 
 port your family ? " " As soon as I get cleared up, I can 
 manage to get along with twenty shillings a week." 
 " Then you might be able to save nearly eighty pounds a 
 year." " I mean to do that, sir." A few moments Cap- 
 tain Walker gazed into the face of his visitor, and then 
 asked : " Have you pledged yourself yet to abstain from 
 strong drink?" "Before God and in my heart I have ; 
 but one of my errands here was to get you to write me a 
 pledge, and have it made to my wife and children." Cap- 
 tain Walker sat down to his table and wrote out the tem- 
 perance pledge, and then in a trembling but bold hand 
 TLomas Wilkins signed it. 
 
 " Wilkins," said the old man, as he took his visitor by 
 the hand, " I have watched well your countenance and 
 weighed your words. I know you speak truth. When 
 T bought that cottage from your creditors six years ago, I 
 paid them tw o hundred pounds for it. It has not been 
 harmed, and is as good as it was then. Most of the time 
 I have received good rent for it. Now, sir, you shall have 
 it for just what I paid for it, and each month you shall 
 pay me such a sum as you can comfortably spare until it is 
 all paid. I will ask you for no rent, nor for a penny of 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 2(39 
 
 interest. You shall have the deed of the estate, and in 
 return I will take but a single note and mortgage, upon 
 which you can have your own time." Thomas Wilkins 
 tried to thank the old man for his kindness, but he only 
 sank back into his chair and wept like a child ; and while 
 he yet sat with his face buried in his hands, the old man 
 slipped from the room, and when at length he returned 
 he bore in his hand a neatly covered basket. 
 
 " Come, come," the captain exclaimed, " cheer up, my 
 friend; here are some tit-bits for your wife and children — 
 take them home, and believe me, Wilkins, if you feel half 
 as happy in receiving my favour as I do in bestowing it, 
 you are happy indeed." " God will bless you for this, sir/* 
 exclaimed the kindness-stricken man. "Stick to your 
 pledge, Wilkins, and I will take care of the rest," said the 
 old captain, as his friend took the basket. " If you have 
 time to-morrow, call on me, and I will arrange the papers." 
 As Thomas Wilkins once more entered the street, his 
 tread was light and easy, a bright light shone in every 
 feature, and as he wended his way homeward he felt in 
 every avenue of his soul that he was once more a man. 
 
 The gloomy shades that ushered in the night of the 
 thirty-first of December had fall en over the snow-clad earth. 
 Within the miserable dwelling of Mrs. Wilkins theie was 
 more of comfort than we found when we first visited her, 
 but yet nothing had been added to the furniture of the 
 place. For the last six days her husband had come home 
 every evening and gone away before daylight every morn- 
 ing, and during that time he had diunk no intoxicating 
 beverage, for already had his face begun to assume the 
 
 j 
 
270 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 
 stamp of its former manhood, and every word that he 
 had spoken had been kind and affectionate. To his chil- 
 dren he had brought new shoes and warmer clothing, and 
 to herself he had given such things as she stood in imme- 
 diate need of; but yet with this he had been taciturn 
 and thoughtful, showing a dislike to all questions, and 
 only speaking such words as were necessary. The poor, 
 devoted, loving wife began to hope ; and why should 
 she not ? For six years her husband had not been thus 
 before. One week ago she dreaded his approach, but now 
 she found herself waiting for him with all the anxiety 
 of former years. Should all this be broken ? Should 
 this new charm be swept away ? Eight o'clock came, 
 and so did nine and ten, and yet her husband came not. 
 "Mother," said little Charles, just as the clock struck ten, 
 and who seemed to have awakened from a dreamy slumber, 
 " isn't this the last night of the old year ?" " Yes, my son." 
 " And do you know what I have been dreaming, dear 
 mother ? I dreamt that father had bought us New Year's 
 presents, just the same as he used to do. But he won't, 
 will he ? He's too poor now!" "No, my dear boy, we 
 shall have no other present than food ; and even for that 
 we must thank dear father. There, lay your head in my 
 lap again." The boy laid his curly head once more in his 
 mother's lap, and with tearful eyes she gazed upon his 
 innocent form. The clock struck eleven ! The poor wife 
 was yet on her tireless, sleepless watch ! But hardly had the 
 sound of the last stroke died away ere the snow crust 
 gave back the sound of a footfall, and in a moment more 
 her husband entered. With a trembling fear she raised 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 271 
 
 •d that he 
 'o his chil- 
 )thing, and 
 I in imme- 
 n taciturn 
 tions, and 
 The poor, 
 ly should 
 been thus 
 1, but now 
 a anxiety 
 f Should 
 )ck came, 
 came not. 
 bruck ten, 
 slumber, 
 my son." 
 ing, dear 
 w- Year's 
 won't, 
 boy, we 
 for that 
 d in my 
 e in his 
 ipon his 
 >or wife 
 had the 
 V crust 
 ^t more 
 raised 
 
 e 
 
 her eyes to his face, and a wild thrill of joy went to her 
 heart as she saw that all there was open and bold, — only 
 those manly features looked more joyous, more proud than 
 ever. " Lizzie," said he, in mild, kind accents, " I am late 
 to-night, but business has detained me, and now I have a 
 favour to ask of thee." " Name it, dear Thomas, and you 
 shall not ask a second time," cried the wife, as she laid her 
 hand confidingly upon her husband's arm. "And you 
 will ask me no questions ?" continued Wilkins. " No, I 
 will not." " Then," continued the husband, as he bent over 
 and imprinted a kiss upon his wife's brow, " I want you to 
 dress our children for a walk, and you shall accompany 
 us. The night is calm and tranquil, and the snow is well 
 trodden. Ah ! no questions ! Remember your promise." 
 Lizzie Wilkins knew not what this all meant, nor did she 
 think or care ; for anything that could please her hus- 
 band she would have done with pleasure, even though it 
 had wrenched her very heart-strings. In a short time the 
 two children were ready ; then Mrs. Wilkins put on such 
 articles of dress as she could command, and soon they 
 were in the road. The moon shone bright, the stars peeped 
 down upon the earth, and they seemed to smile upon the 
 travellers from out their twinkling eyes of light. Si- 
 lently Wilkins led the way, and silently his wife and 
 children followed. Several times the wife gazed up into 
 her husband's countenance, but from the strange expres- 
 sion that rested there she could make out nothing that 
 tended to satisfy her. At length, a slight turn in the 
 road brought them suddenly upon the pretty jwhite cot- 
 tage where, years before, they had been so happy. They 
 

 272 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 M i 
 
 approached the spot. The snow hi the front yard had 
 been shovelled away, and a path led up to the piazza. 
 Wilkins opened the gate — hii^ wife tremblingly followed, 
 but wherefore she knew not. Then her husband opened 
 the door, and in the entry they were met by the smiling 
 countenance of old Captain Walker, who ushered them 
 into the parlour, where a warm fire glowed in the grate, 
 and where everything looked neat and comfortable. Mrs. 
 Wilkins turned her gaze upon the old man, and then upon 
 her husband. Surely, in that greeting between the poor 
 man and the rich, there was none of that constraint which 
 would have been expected. They met rather as friends 
 and neighbours. What could it mean ? Hark ! the clock 
 strikes twelve ! The old year has gone, and a new, a 
 bright- winged cycle is about to commence its flight over 
 the earth ! Thomas Wilkins took the hand of his wife 
 within his own, and then drawing from his bosom a paper, 
 he placed it in her hand, remarking as he did so : " Lizzie, 
 this is your husband's present for the New Year!" 
 
 Five years have passed since that happy moment. 
 Thomas Wilkins has cleared his pretty cottage from all 
 encumbrance, and a happier or a more respected family 
 do not exist. And Lizzie, — that gentle, confiding wife — 
 as she takes that simple paper from the drawer, and gazes 
 again and again upon the magic pledge it bears, weeps 
 tears of joy anew. Were all the wealth of the Indies 
 poured out in one glittering, blinding pile at her feet, and 
 all the honours of the world added thereto, she would not, 
 forthe whole countlesssum,giveinexchangeonesingle word 
 from that pledge which constituted her Husband's Present 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 273 
 
 yard had 
 le piazza, 
 followed, 
 d opened 
 le smiling 
 red them 
 the grate, 
 [)le. Mrs. 
 ihen upon 
 i the poor 
 int which 
 as friends 
 the clock 
 a new, a 
 light over 
 f his wife 
 a paper, 
 : " Lizzie, 
 !" 
 
 moment, 
 from all 
 d family 
 g wife — 
 nd gazes 
 ;s, weeps 
 e Indies 
 Ifeet, and 
 |ould not, 
 le word 
 Present 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 THE SMOKY CHIMNEY. 
 
 There was an eccentric squire named Jones, who was trou- 
 bled with a very smoky chimney. One evening a would- 
 be philosopher entered (thumbs in arm-holes of his vest) 
 and remarked, "You have got a very smoky chimney, 
 Squire Jones." " I know that," replied the squire. "Well, 
 I think I could remedy it," returned the would-be philo- 
 sopher. " How could you do that ? " said the squire. 
 " Well, let me see," said he, stooping down and looking up 
 the chimney. " 0, it's easy to remedy that, squire ; just get 
 a transtwistification, and place it upon the top of the chim- 
 ney, and that will cause a proper vent for the smoke." 
 " What's the word you named T said the squire; " I never 
 heard such a long word in my life." " Transtwistification. 
 You get it placed upon the top of your chinmey, and I'll 
 bet my life on it you're rid of this smoke." " Where will 
 I get it?" said the squire. "In the village," responded the 
 would-be philosopher. " Will it cost much ?" " No." 
 " Well, I'll have it done." The squire drove to the vil- 
 lage, purchased the " Transtwistification," placed it as 
 directed, but the chimney smoked as bad as ever. Another 
 would-be philosopher entered one day (holding up his 
 coat tails behind): " Good day, Squire Jones; very smoky 
 chimney, squire." "I know that." ** Well, I guess I could 
 fix that, squire." " How would you fix it ?" " Let me 
 see." So he put his glass to his eye and said, " Well, 
 
 squire, I would get a " circumbendevication." and that 
 s 
 
 ili 
 
274f 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 I! ■! 
 
 t 1 ' 
 
 would rectify matters. " Get what ?" asked the squire. 
 " Get a circumbendevication, built of bricks in a slant — 
 eh — position." " I'll have it done," replied the squire ; 
 but it smoked as bad as ever. Shortly after a poor man 
 entered, aUd meekly bid the squire "good morning." 
 «' Your chimney smokes greatly, squire." " I know that." 
 " Well, squire, I can fix it in a few minutcB." *' How would 
 you fix it ?" " Have you a broom convenient V he enquired, 
 on procuring which he ascended the chimney, and swept 
 it dean, when there was not a better-drawing chimney in 
 the township. What the chimney wanted was sweeping. 
 The soot removed, rid the squire of his smoke. So what 
 we want to remedy the evils of intemperance is an entire 
 Prohibitory Liquor Law to prevent the importation, manu- 
 facture and sale of intoxicating drinks as a beverage. 
 
 A widow's address. 
 
 At a town meeting in Pennsylvania, the question once 
 came up, as to what number (if any) of licenses should be 
 granted for the ensuing year ; there was a very full at- 
 tendance, one of the magistrates presided, and on the 
 platform were seated, amongst others, the pastor, one of his 
 deacons and the physician. After the meeting had been 
 called to order, one of the most respectable citizens of the 
 borough rose and moved that the meeting petition for 
 the same number of licenses for the ensuing year as they 
 had on the previous. The proposition seemed to meet 
 with almost universal favour; the president rose and 
 was about to put the motion to the meeting, when an ob- 
 ject arose in a distant part of the building, and all eyes 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 275 
 
 were instantly turned in that direction. It was an old 
 woman, poorly clad, whose care-worn countenance was 
 the painful index of no light suffering, and yet there was 
 something in the flash of her bright eye that told she had 
 once been what she then was not. " You all know who I 
 am," she said, addressing the president. " You once knew 
 me mistress of one of the best estates in the borough. I 
 once had a husband and five sons, and woman never had a 
 kinder husband, mother never had better or more affec- 
 tionate sous. But where are they now ? Doctor, where 
 are they now ? In yonder burying ground there are six 
 graves filled by that husband and those five sons, and oh ! 
 they are all drunkards' graves ! Doctor, how came they 
 to be drunkards ? You would come and drink with them, 
 and you told them that temperate drinking would do them 
 good. Minister, what made them drunkards ? You would 
 come and drink with my husband, and my sons thought 
 they might safely follow your example. Deacon, you sold 
 them rum, which made them drunkards ; you have now 
 got my farm and all my property, and got it all by rum. 
 And now," said she, "I have done my errand; I go back to 
 thepoorhouse, for that is my home; I shall never meet you 
 again till I shall meet you at thu judgment seat of Christ, 
 where I shall meet you minister, you deacon, and you 
 physician; where you also will meet my ruined and lost 
 husband, and those five sons, who through your influence 
 and example now fill drunkards' graves." The old woman 
 sat down ; perfect silence reigned till the president rose 
 and asked, " Shall we petition the court to issue licenses 
 to this borough for the ensuing year?" when one unbroken 
 
276 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 " NO * made the very walls re-echo with the sound, and 
 told the power of the old woman's eloquent appeal 
 
 THE APOSTBOPHE TO WATER. 
 
 The origin of the apostrophe was as follows : 
 One Paul Denton, a Methodist preacher in Texas, ad- 
 vertised a Barbecue, with better liquor than was ever 
 furnished. When the people were assembled, a desper- 
 ado in the crowd cried out — " Mr. Paul Denton, your 
 Riverence has lied. You promised us not only a good 
 barbecue, but better liquor. Where is the liquor ? " 
 
 " There," answered the missionary in tones of thunder, 
 and pointing his motionless finger at the matchless Double 
 Spring, gushing up in two strong columns, with a sound 
 like a shout of joy, from the bosom of the earth. " There ! " 
 he repeated, with a look terrible as the lightning, while 
 his enemy actually trembled on his feet ; " there is the 
 liquor which God, the Eternal, brews for all his children ! 
 Not in the simmering still, over smoky fires choked with 
 poisonous gases, and surrounded by the stench of sick- 
 ening odours and rank corruptions, doth your Father in 
 heaven prepare the precious essence of life, the pure 
 cold water, but in the green glade and grassy dell, where 
 the red deer wanders, and the child loves to play, there 
 God brews it ; and down, low down in the deepest val- 
 leys, where the fountains murmur and the rills sing ; and 
 high up on the tall mountain tops, where the naked gran- 
 ite glitters like gold in the sun, where the storm-cloud 
 broods and the thunder-storms crash ; and away far out 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 277 
 
 ind, and 
 1. 
 
 on the wide, wild sea, where the hurricane howls music 
 and the big waves roar the chorus, sweeps the march of 
 God — there He brews it, that beverage of life, health-giv- 
 ing water. And everywhere it is a thing of beauty. 
 Gleaming in the dew drop ; singing in the summer rain ; 
 shining in *he ice-gem till the trees all seem turned to 
 living jewels — spreading a golden veil over the setting 
 sun, or a white gauze around the midnight moon ; sport- 
 ing in the cataract ; sleeping in the glacier ; dancing in 
 the hail-shower ; folding its bright snow curtains softly 
 about the wintry world and weaving the many-coloured 
 iris, that seraph zone of the sky, whose warp is the rain- 
 drop of earth, whose woof is the sunbeam of heaven, all 
 decked with celestial flowers, by the mystic hand of re- 
 fraction. Still always it is beautiful — that blessed life- 
 water ! No poison bubbles on its brink ; its foam brings 
 not madness and murder ; no blood stains its liquid glass ; 
 pale widows and starving orphans weep not burning tears 
 in its depths ; no drunkard's shrieking ghost from the 
 grave curses it in words of eternal despair ! — Speak out, 
 my friend, would you exchange it for the demon Alco- 
 hol?" 
 
 COST OF INTEMPERANCE. 
 
 containing about two thou- 
 
 In the village of M — 
 sand inhabitants, and the centre of trade for about two 
 thousand more, there were sold, during the year 1863, 
 581 barrels of liquor, and 651 of ale. Let us see what 
 could have been done with the money thus expended. 
 
in 
 \i 
 
 278 ADDENDA. 
 
 Allowing 81 barrels of the liquor to have been used 
 for mechanical and medicinal purposes — a generous allow- 
 ance, certainly — we have a balance of 500 barrels. This 
 is equal to 15,750 gallons. Supposing one-half of this 
 (7,875 gallons) to be sold by the gallon at only $1, and 
 we have $7,875. Selling the remainder, which is equal 
 to 252,000 gills, at only five cents a gill, we have the 
 snug sum of $12,600, making in all for liquor $20,475. 
 
 With this $20,475 could have been secured — 
 
 5 Qergymen at $1,200 each $6,000 
 
 1 Principal in the Academy, at..... 1,000 
 
 3 Assistant Teachers in the Academy, at $500... 1,500 
 
 10 Teachers for Village Graded Schools, at $300. . . 3,000 
 
 15 Teachers for District Schools, at$200 3,000 
 
 2 Colporteurs for the County, at $600 1,200 
 
 20 Dailies for reading-room, at $10 200 
 
 25 Weeklies « " 2 50 
 
 30 Monthlies " " 5 150 
 
 20 Quarterlies " " 4 80 
 
 Bent for Eeading-room 100 
 
 aerk 600 
 
 Fuel, lights and postage 120 
 
 34 Lyceum Lectures, at $100 3,400 
 
 Printers' Bills 75" 
 
 Total $20,475 
 
 So much for the liquor. Now for the ale. In 551 
 barrels of ale there are 141,056 pints. This sold at five 
 cents a pint, would amount to $705,280. As ale-drink- 
 
 !;■ 
 
ADDENDA, 
 
 279 
 
 een used 
 IS allow- 
 Is. This 
 f of this 
 ;• $1, and 
 I is equal 
 have the 
 ),476. 
 
 . $6,000 
 .. 1,000 
 .. 1,500 
 .. 3,000 
 .. 3,000 
 1,200 
 200 
 50 
 150 
 80 
 100 
 600 
 120 
 3,400 
 75- 
 
 $20,475 
 
 In 551 
 at five 
 !-drink- 
 
 ing is considered a lower form of intemperance than wine- 
 drinking, etc., we will put this sum in part to a lower, 
 but none the less worthy service. We will pay a clergy- 
 man to preach to the 160 inmates of the County alms- 
 house, $1,000 ; 2 teachers for the children there, $250 
 each, $500 ; 15 poor students in the academy, $300 each, 
 $4,500 ; 2 students in a theological seminary, $525, $1,050 ; 
 and leave a balance of $280 in the treasury. 
 
 The writer has no great confidence in statistical argu- 
 ments. Men will say this is guessing, and that this ill- 
 fated village is an exception. There is no guessing about 
 it, except in the price at which it was sold. If we are in 
 error there, we are beyond a peradventure on the inside 
 of the truth. As to that village being an exception, the 
 T.riter, in travelling leisurely three thousand miles, de- 
 clares that there are other places far worse. 
 
 We do well to talk about retrenchment in dress and 
 living generally, to save exp€i|iase. Add to this the ruin 
 of soul and body with estate, and my figures ought to 
 claim attention. 
 
 A LIQUOR dealer's ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 Friends and Neighbot^rs, — ^Thankful for your liberal 
 support during the years that are past, I beg to inform 
 you that I have on hand a \ ery large stock of choice 
 wines, spirits and malt liquors, which I shall as hereto- 
 fore continue to vend, heedless of the increased number 
 of paupers, drunkards and beggars made by the same. 
 There are Temperance men enough in our county to care 
 

 280 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 I 
 
 for and support them ; or, if not, I cannot help it. My 
 liquor (being good) may excite the lower classes to riot, 
 robbery and blood, but our Legislature has provided for 
 these things. With our substantial and enlarged jail, 
 and a superabundance of magisterial power on every side, 
 what have we to fear ? Accidents are increased some- 
 what by the drinking usages of the day, but we have our 
 coroners, and it is their duty to attend to these matters 
 by holding inquests, making enquiries, and to see that 
 there is no foul play. It has been said, and we are 
 not prepared to deny it, that strong drink is the pro- 
 lific source of fearful diseases, but then we are blessed 
 with a large supply of M.D.'s in our midst ; and certainly 
 in this enlightened age we should be prepared to live and 
 let live. You may expect 'it will consume a large share 
 of your means, become a tax on your reason, a blight upon 
 your character, and a destroyer of your peace, but what 
 is the use of living without enjoyment ? and besides, they 
 say the Bible says " We brought nothing into the world, 
 and it is certain we can take nothing out of it." As a 
 consequence of the traffic, it will doubtless make many 
 fathers fiends, wives widows, mothers cruel, children or- 
 phans, and thousands poor ; but you must remember that , 
 it takes all kinds of people to make a world. 
 
 I will, therefore, " accommodate" the public. I have a 
 family to support — the trade pays — you, my friends, en- 
 courage it. I have a character from my minister and a 
 license from the council ; my traffic is lawful ; Christians 
 countenance it. It is an easy way of getting a living ; 
 I shall therefore carry on my trade with energy, knowing 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 281 
 
 b. My 
 to riot, 
 ided for 
 red jail, 
 jry side, 
 i some- 
 lave our 
 matters 
 lee that 
 we are 
 he pro- 
 blessed 
 ertainly 
 live and 
 ^e share 
 ht upon 
 t what 
 !S, they 
 world, 
 As a 
 many 
 Iren or- 
 er that 
 
 that if I do not bring these evils upon you, somebody 
 else will. I have found by past experience that my busi- 
 ness increases in proportion to the ignorance and sensu- 
 ality of the mass ; it will thei afore be necessary for me to 
 use every legitimate means in my power to prevent the 
 intellectual elevation, moral purity, social happiness, and 
 eternal welfare of all. 
 
 In view of the coming election, I have great pleasure 
 in intimating to my old customers and the public gener- 
 ally, that Messrs. Vitriol, Strychnine, Nux Vomica, Cocculus 
 Indicus, Tobacco, Opium and others of my very esteemed 
 friends, have kindly consented to be with us during the 
 polling day so near at hand, by whose kindly aid I shall 
 be enabled, with but very little expense to myself, to give 
 free drinks to all who will oppose the passage of the by- 
 law which will inflict such an outrage upon the freedom 
 of the people. By close application to my business, and a 
 devoted attachment to my principles, I hope to merit a 
 continuance of your support. 
 
 Judas Heaktless. 
 
 lave a 
 Is, en- 
 
 and a 
 Istians 
 ^vmg; 
 
 )wing 
 
282 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 i;] 
 
 WOMAN'S INFLUENCE. 
 
 * 
 
 • AiB — Nelly Oray. 
 
 I fell from Wisdom's ways 
 
 In my thoughtless youthful days, 
 And became a poor drink-fettered slave, 
 
 Led captive, body, soul, 
 
 Under passions' strong control 
 I was hastening on to ruin and the grave — 
 
 Chorus — When an Angel stopped my way, 
 It was lovely Nelly Gray 
 
 Who persuaded me to give my drinking o'er. 
 Her kind words did prevaU 
 As we wandered through the Dale, 
 
 And I'll never taste the drink any more. 
 
 Though humble is our lot, 
 
 Well furnished is our cot. 
 With its neatly-trimmed garden at the door : 
 
 Our children's mirth and glee 
 
 Is our sweetest minstrelsy. 
 And the bounteous gifts of heaven fill our store. 
 
 Chorus — When an Angel stopped my way, &c. 
 
 Ah, well it is I know 
 
 That all I have I owe 
 To my Nelly's timely, kindly sympathy ; 
 
 When sinking in despair 
 
 She then saved me by her care, 
 And I love her for the love she bore to me. 
 
 C/iorM«— When an Angel stopped my way, &c. 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 283 
 
 DEAR FRIENDS, DRINK NO MORE. 
 
 AiR-^Hazel Dell. 
 
 On this Rum-curs'd earth I long have wandered, 
 
 Weary and oppressed. 
 Where the dearest ties are often siindered 
 
 In the fondest breast. 
 Here, 'mid scenes that oft are sad and trying. 
 
 Sorrow's cup runs o'er. 
 For the bravest, choicest ones are dying — 
 
 Dear friends, drink no more. 
 
 Charu^ — All the while my watch I'm keeping 
 In this vale of gore. 
 For the bravest, choicest ones are dying — 
 Dear friends, drink no more. 
 
 Cold and silent friends are near me sleeping, 
 
 Where the flowers wave, 
 And in mournful strains are often weeping 
 
 Loved ones round their grave. 
 While the gentle gales are round me sighing, 
 
 In the lute's sad tone. 
 They toll the knell of Drunkards dying, 
 
 Dearly loved and gone. 
 
 Chorus — All the while my watch I'm keeping, «fec. 
 
 Come, my brethren, friends of God and mankind, 
 
 Boldly aid the right, 
 Let us gather force, and, like a whirlwind, 
 
 Drive Rum out of sight. 
 Come, my brave friends, never be discounted, 
 
 Help is near at hand ; 
 
284 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 By the signs of the times be encouraged — 
 Nobly take your stand. 
 
 Cliorus — All the while ♦ny watch I'm keeping, &c. 
 
 THE DYING SON. 
 
 Air — Lily Dale. 
 
 To yon low cottage home, in the hawthorn's shade, 
 
 Where the stream ripples sweetly by, 
 Unfriended and weary, a poor youth there came. 
 
 In the home of his childhood to die. 
 
 Chonis — 0, mother ! dear mother ! 
 Pray for me now ; 
 For the life stream is ebbing from ray poor 
 
 lorn heart, 
 And the death-dews are cold on my brow. 
 
 O, dear to my heart were the scenes of my youth, 
 "When my life welled in beauty and joy ; 
 
 But life's brightest hours I have squandered for naught — 
 O, comfort thy poor dying boy ! 
 
 O, mother! fond mother! &c. 
 
 They showed me the wine-cup, with roses entwined, 
 
 In the hands of the good and the fair ; 
 But I saw not the coils of the reptile beneath, 
 
 TiU its sting filled my heart with despair. 
 
 0, mother ! kind mother ! &c. 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 285 
 
 I would I had Uved all thy lovo to repay- 
 All thy kindnesB, by toiling for thee • 
 
 deaX ""' '**" ^'"^"^ *''''"''' *^' ^^"'^"^ "* 
 'Tis thy holy affection for me. ' 
 
 0, mother ! good mother ! &c. 
 
 I thought to have soothed thy decUniug years, 
 To have ranked with the good and the brave; 
 
 But the bright sun that gilded the dawn of my youth 
 Must set in the gloom of the grave. 
 
 0, mother ! good mother ! &c.