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(Read before the Niimismatie and Antiquarian Society of Montreal.) <., i XCE and again have records come down to us of wonderful movements towards reform takinjjj hold of nations, — wvMiderful, not merely on ac- count of grand results, but because of the great self-sacrifice, to those wont to gratify every desire, neces- sary to such achievement These movements seem to spring, often without apparent warning, almost instantaneously from the people. Under a miglity leader, customs encrusted with centuries, and habits confirmed by ages of practice, arc- dashed aside as stubble before the onslaught. Yet such, apparently, impulsive actions are only the outward result-, the coming to fruit, so to speak, of years of deep and anxious thought Like as the rapid fungoid growth, that suddenly springs from the trunk of the decaying oak, is the bursting into fruit of the plant that had for years been permeating K into every cell and tissue of the tree; .'O thee rnovenie:it; are only the outcome of steady and prolonged he.irt- earch- ings un.seen. Many are the impulses of this nature that liave, from time to time, impelled our race in its onward cour:)e. Some only attempts relinquished when the task was found beyond the powers of untried energies ; others tending in a wrong di- rection ; yet all resulting from the better motive implanted within ; the struggling and straining after the higher and nobler when thoroughly conscions, through ease and indul- gence, of sinking deeper and deeper into barbarism and im- becility. As one of these, and by no means of the least importance, may be classed the Temperance Reform that burst in upon ui in the early part of this century. There were those, an ever-increasing number, who long and earnestly felt that the people were sinking through over indulgence. A shadow, deep and oniinoiis, in shape of increasing and unceasing tap- room revelry, to them, seemed to hang over the lanr debas- ing and erasing all of what, to man, is pure and hoi). Stout hearts and brave were those who first attempted to stem the tide. Struggling on, at length, they were reward- ed, now "^nd again, by grand expressions of popular enthu- siasm helping them towards their desired goal — a reforma- tion of their country. The temperance cause first came into full fruition in the United States ; and from thence its apostles early carried the standard to this land with, varying although often, won- derful success. The movement having taken deeper root in Nova Scotia than, perhaps, any of the other provinces, it is with it that this account will begin. As regards the mother-land, it did not, nor do circumstances indicate that, in England at least, it will soon, like a conquering army, carry all before it. For there, althoi'G^h by no means lacking worker, no ^reat po- jjitlar demonstrations have helped on the cause, lint under Ivather Mathew, in the short time aUotted him for work, all Irchmd was renovated. Wherever he turned thousands ean^e flocking to his standard. Of all temperance efforts his was the most brilliant and successful. Spreading beyond the scenes of his labour.-, the movement took root among hii countrymen in Canada, and through them extendeci to the French-speaking part of our popula- tion. Afterwards under Father Chiniquy great results for the latter and by them were achieved. And while this reformation has left an enduring impres sion on our tiaic;, much of its story remairs unrecorded. No high sounoing praises tell on the pages of history, of the wonderful deeds of many who first battled with, that mighty giant, custom and indulgence, l^ut all has not so peri.-hed. Then let us not mourn over the irretrievably lost, searching rather the more eagerly for what may yet be found. The history of the movement has not altogether sunk into ob- livion Vvith those who were first actively engaged in its pro- motion. Do not the praises of some of its heroes still ring- in our ears. ' r •• '. It is not of the story of the movement nor of its great men, but of its mcdallic history, telling in indellible charac- ters of its influence and of their deeds in this country, upon which it is intended that this paper should more particularly dwell. It was usual with the early temperance reformers to give some token or badge of membership to those joining their ranks. These tokens often took the more convenient form of medals. So far, eleven of these medals, relating to Ca- nadian temperance societies, have come under my observa- tion. There may be others of the existence of which I am ignorant ; but leaving such to a more worthy pen, thost> that I 1 have appeared in tangible metal will be taken up chrono- logically, commencing with that of the Nova Scotian Tem- perance Society, which, without doubt, has priority in age. I. Ob. : NOVA SCOTIA. In field, UN!0\ LSSTRKNXiTfJ, with Maltese Cross underneath ; the whole partially en- closed by two sprigs of mayflower. /^«'.; TEMPERANCE SOCIETY. In field, TOKEN' OF MEM- BERSHIP, enclosed by mayflower as above. This medal was struck about the year 1832 for distribu- tion among the members of the society. As has been pre- viously stated, the temperance reform took an early hold on the people of Nova Scotia ; even in 1 829 societies for its promotion were organized. The Halifax society was found- ed in 1831, and became very active in the cause, estabh'shing branches in different parts of the Province. By its officers and those of its branches these medals were given to every »;ne signing the pledge, which act constituted all such as members. The society in 1841 gave place to the Sons of Temperance, when they spread over the country. II. Ob.: ROM- CATHC TEMPERANCE ASStKIATlON, Ex. REV. P. PHELAX, Pres. MONTREAL, feb. 2% |[S4a Arms, consisting of shield with lamb to left above and radiated I.H.S. below. Crest, a radiated cross surrounded by the word PLEDGE. Supporters to the right, a man with flag inscribed SOBRIETV ; to the left, a woman with DOMESTIC COMFORT on her flag. A rose, shan.'ock, and thistle, on the groundwork. Rev. : O MARY, CONCEIVED WITHOUT SIN, PRAY FOR US WHO HAVE RECOURSE TO THEE, THAT WE CHASTE & TEMPERATE BE. Ex. J. ARNAULT. The Virgin standii^ on a globe in the act of trampling a ser- pent. The globe is inscribed CANADA with the letter M and a cross in the for^round. j. Arnault, whose name appears on this medal as its en^ S- s graver, came here, from France, on the invitation of the gentlemen of the Semmary. He remained in Canada about fifteen years under their patronage, when he returned to his native land. His workshop was located in Craig Street, near the place now occupied by Chanteloup's brass foundry. This medal we can class not only as Canadian, but of Ca- nadian workmanship, and while it is one of the earliest medals struck here, it shows some considerable degree of merit The obverse is copied from that appearing on the Father Mathew medals, which in turn seems to have been ad- apted from the design prevailing on the medals of the Lon- don Temperance Society. The supporters, a man whose motto is " Sobriety," and a woman, with " Domestic com- fort" written on her banner, as the result of sobriety in her husband, are intended to represent that by adhesion to tem- perance principles will return the departed home joys of former days. The Catholic Temperance Association, like many others, was first oi^anized for the promotion mainly of moderation, but it was soon found that simple modera- tion did not work well in the reclaiming of those accustomed to excess ; so in the following year (1841) on the anniver- sary Sunday of its founding, it was re-oi^anized into a total abstinence society. The reverend president, whose torch was lighted at the blaze of temperance enthusiasm kindled by Father Mathew, was the heart and soul of the movement, and continued to work in the cause in Montreal until trans- ferred to a higher sphere of labour as Bishop of Kingston. III. Ob.: PER IPSUM ET CUM IPSO ET IN IPSO VINCES. — Arms as last, save that the position of the supporters are changed, the man being to the left, over which an angel hovers with a crown of laurel ; the woman, to the right, stands r^arding the cross, while an angel il about to decorate her with a garland. At their feet are two children seated. I RiW: UAI.IIAX kO.MAX CAI11()I.[C' iOlAI. AIISTINICNCC SOCIKTV. T!1K VKKV KKN '.' JOHN I.orCllNAN, V. (i., rKESlDKNT, A Greek cross iiv cribcd : ri.KDCiK. I PROMISK TO AHSTAI.V KK(iM ALL INT()XICATL\(; DRLNKS, &^' i;XCi:i'T USKl) MF:!)(CL\ALLY AND ISV OKDKK OK A MKDICAL MAN, AM) TO DISCOUNTK- NANCE THE CAUSE & rUACTKE OF LNTE.MI'ERAXfE. The corners of the cross are radiated, and the four spaces contain the words : founded, 24111 Jan., {841. HAIJFAX, NOVA SCOTLV. This is a faithful copy of the ivithcr Mathew medal in every particular, except in the name of the Society and place and date of issue. It shows how wonderful and wide spread the influence of his efforts in Ireland. From this \vc would infer that Father Loughnan must have spent some time in Ireland with the Apc\stle of Temperance and carried away some of his enthusiasm. Of the movement thus in- augurated in Halifax I have not been able to learn much, but am under the impression that it was strong and power- ful, and has proved lasting and far-reaching in its results. IV. Ob. : L\ HOC siCNO VlNCES. Arms as last, except that the angel with the garland is wanting ; the in- scription on the flags arc respectively LA SOBRIETE and LA FELICITE DOMESTIQUE, and the name of the engraver, DAVIS, BIRM., is under the groundwork. Rci'.: SOCIETE D'ABSTINENCE COiMPLETE A CORK, LE TRES REVEREND T. MATHEW, rRESn)ENT. A Greek cross as last inscribed. PROMESSE. JE PROMETS DE M' ABSTENH< DE TOUTE SORTE DE BOISSON ENIVRANTE EXCEPTE EN CAS DE MALADIE ET 1>AR ORDRE D'UN MEDECIN. JE I'RO.METS EN OUTRE D'EVITER TOUTE CE QUE PEUT CONDUH^E A L'INTEMPERANCE. In two upper spaces or corners ETABr,lE. 10 AVRli!, 1838. This is, to all intents and purposes, a French Father ^>4 > Mathcw medal. The Pledge and other inscriptions arc al- most literal translations. The more I examined the closer did I find the re cmblance to tho.jc distributed so abundantly throughout Ireland, I av.is therefore for a long time inclined to doubt i s claim to be classed as Canadian, but the;e tloubts have been long since cleared away. For there is no country using the French language in which undoubted ICnglish symbols, or rather medals of l^irmingham workmaii- ship, would be used. Against tiiis may be argued, that we liave the Colony of Mauritius and the Channel Islands, but in neither of these places did the temperance cause make much progress. There i^ also the fact touched on before, that the tempt rancc reform spread among the I>>ench Ca- nadians through inspiration received from the T^ather iMa- thew movement in Ireland. Another proof that may be mentioned is: that the specimen, from which tliis descrip- tion has been given, was purchased from the collection of Mr. Boucher, who, as a Canadian collector, confined himself mainly to specimens picked up in Canada. He also as- sured me that it was issued to members of Canadian tem- perance organizations. V. Ob. : Ex. ST. JKAN. John the Baptist standing with right hand raised ; in his left he holds a long staff sur- mounted by a cross. By his left stands a lamb, and to the right are plants growing. Kev. : TEMPERANCE. Ex. I.. 15. Near the bottom a beaver rests on two sprigs of maple leaves. The field has been left plain, no doubt that the recipient's name might be engraved thereon. There is no date or other indication by which any know- ledge may be gained of the time or place of issue of this medal. But as to time I cannot be far astray in placing it thus early in the list, believing it to have been struck after'*> the Father Mathew series had been exhausted — that isabo u ^'^. 8 the year 1845. And as to place ; it is undoubtedly of Ca- nadian workmanship, and must have emanated either fron^ Montreal or Quebec, most likely the former. The " L. B." on the reverse stands for the engraver's initials, but whose name is thus commemorated has been lo^t with the multi- tude of the forgotten dead. VI. Oh.: II. NE H()IK.\ NI YIN NI AUCUNK LIQUEUR ENI- VRANTK. John the Baptist standing holding in his left hand a long staff surmounted by a cross, from which hangs a ribbon inscribed TE.Ml'ERANCE, to the left is a stone ; and on the right are plants growing ; underneath a beaver rests on two sprigs of maple leaves. The engraver's name, DAVIS lUKM., is in- scribed on the groundwork. Rn\ : JESUS ABREUVE DE FIEL ET I)E VINAIGRE AVEZ i'lTIE DE NOUS. Ex. JE SERAI TOUJOURS FIDEI.E A MA PROME.ssE. The crucifixion, with the Virgin standing on the left adoring, O.n the right is a Re- man soldier in the act of raising a sponge on a pole. In the back ground is a Doric structure, probably in- tended as a representation of the temple. The figure of John the Baptist, an improvement on the last, is an entirely new device. It was probably the only device in use from 1845 ^o the issue of theChiniquy medals in 1853. This design seems more appropriate for a Cana- dian temperance medal than any yet adopted ; not simply because John the Baptist is Patron Saint of Canada, and his day celebrated by all loyal and patriotic French Canadians, as their national holiday, but because he was a Nazarite, — that is, observed, among other stringent rules, that of the teetotaller, — drinking neither wine nor strong drink all the .years of his life. VII. Ob.: MARIE JESUS JOSEPH. Ex. SOYiZ FIDELE JUS- QU'a LA MORT. The Virgin Mary and Joseph stand- ing with the child Jesus between. »> Ex. [\ .-.• ii()C.'.-si(;\o.*.*vrN( "Ks, At top a tablet in- scribe; 1 f/c n'otki; Ami: si: i<.\ I'F.kCl'lK D'lN CIAlVr, Under the tablet a heart pierced with a dat^f^er aiul surrouiuleil with a garland, inscription above SACkl': C'(KUR, below l)K MARIK, Inscription in field — I'OUk I.'AMOCk I)K jKSrS CIUHU'Il': ]V. SKRAI TOUJOlIkS Fl- i»f;i,i'; A r,'i-.N(;A(;KMKNT (jii; j'ai im