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Thoaa too larga to ba entirely included in one expoaure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand comer, left to right and top to bottom, aa many fnmea aa required. The following diagrama illuatrate the method: Laa axemplairae originaux dont la couverture an papier eat imprimAo aont filmia an eommenpant par le premier plat at an tarmsnant soit par la damiAre page qui comporte une amprainta d'Impraaaion ou d'illuatration. soit par la second plat, salon le caa. Taua lea autraa sxamplairas originaux sont film*a an commandant par la premiere page qui comporte une smpreinte dimpreeaion ou d'illuatration at an tarminant par la damiire page qui compere une telle empre)t iff (lilld Ol' MnnU'iTd. MR. HENRY G. A^ENNOR. F.G.S , ADDRKSSEU TO ALFRED R. G. S£L\VYN, ESQ., F.G.b., IiIRECTOR fiF THE r.EOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Pfr, — The followin:: Report is a summary of tlie result of mv '•'colo'ncal researclies in tlie Province of Ontario during the season of l?s7L As you directed, my investigations were continued through those parts >f the counties of Frontenac, Leeds and Lanark which had not nreviouslv r- . been exiilored. The rocks met with do not differ in tlieir ::cneral characters ll;;'.'!;'""' from those described in the Abstract of lifport on the geology of these counties which I had the honor to lay before you last spring, and in ^hich thov were divided into three groups, represented by the letters A, B, C, or the figures 1, 2, -3, corresponding witli the divisions previously adopted for the rocks of the county of Hastings, described in my Report on that county. [Report of Progress, 18tit3-00.] Li commencing the investigation last summer I made the crystalline PV--4 -Ti 1 II 1 rrjJtalliiin limestones oi division A a S[)eciai study, and consequently chose tliat portion limestones. of the country where these were most largely represented, namely, the townships of Bedford, Loughboro', Olden and Oso, in the county of Frontenac ; North and South Crosby, in the county of Leeds ; and North Burgess, Bathurst and South Sherbrookc, in Lanark ; and which is furthermore rendered important by tijc occurrence of deposits of maf^nctic .r ^ ^ * o •^»'»v^ wafftit'tite and iron ore, and of apatite, or ph.osphate of lime. During the course of my 'i'*'"*-'' exploration all these deposits were examined and their respective strati- graphical positions determined as far as possible. \ 4 GE()I,0(JICAL SURVEY OF CA.VADA. The mapping of tlie crystalline limestones occupied a much greater than I hail anticipated, fo to the ■adoc and Marmora. Acknow. ledgcmint of at>eietauci^. easoii tnan i nan aniicipateu, lor, uwmjj lu iiiu mcorrect- ncss of the surveys thrDugh this section of country, wo wer3 obliged to Measurement!', keep up a Continuous line of measurements throughout the whole area examined, and, for the same reason, found it necessary to re-survey all t}ie roads through the townships of Bedford, Olden and Uso. The instrument used was the prismatic compass, with measurements by pacing, and oc- casional chaining. Later in the season I again visited the townships of Madoc and Mar- mora, in the county of Hastings, and spent some time in a further exam- ination of certain auriferous zones, the existence of wliich was fir&t pointed out during the years I8G1! and 18G7, and on which are now situated several promising mines with stamp-mills. From the managers of these mnies much assistance was received, and T would particularly acknowledge the kindness of Mr. W. J. (Jatling, J. D. R. Williams, M.D., Mr. J. H. Dunstan, Mr. O'Neill and Mr. Jenkins. From Mr. Dunstan I have, further, received plans, drawn to scale, of a rotating cylinder furnace, recently patented by him in the United States ; and from Mr Gatlin" a skctcliniap, shewing ilie position of the shafts on hi.^ own and adjoining ^cations. The results of the foregoing explorations may be given under the follow ing lieads : T V J.,, ., f] T... ,,i i.^^,.-^.^- :..:., tlic (^■':;;:.t;^j of Frontcnac, Leeds and Lanark, with assays. IL Summary of the Phuspluitc of Lime or Apatite Deposits now being worked in North Burgess, Bedford and South Crosby. in. The Geological Position of certain Ore-zones in the Township of ^'!armora, now being worked for Gold, with assays. I. Iron Or,s. — The iron locations examined were the Chaffey an per ton, and delivered at Cleveland it l)rings from §0.00 to iiG.oO per ton. The cost of carriage to Kingston— a distance of forty-four miltS — is seventy five cents per ton ron Ores. Chaffey Hira ■ V i,: .»* PROGRESS RKPORT liV MR. HIC.VRY U. VENXOR. 6 The Y'lnkir, or Mathews Mine, is situated about one liun20 tons. i"he demand for this ijuality of ore {i<71, was 80,800 cubic feet. From this ■ ^lening there has been extracted Q„.infiiv, trans, very close upon 10.000 per cent of iron, act .mg to numerous analy.ses made in the United ho',"ii^''ii/^-^- Pnrtial ana 1 V Ur. Uar ruigton, ri>ii>( "Cie: ■m^ Irrngular tryugh. 6 (iEOLOOrCAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Statf>- An analysis of it made in the Geological Survey laboratory 1/ Mr. liorJoii Broome gave as follows ; — Pt-nixvil ofinm 82.250= metallic iron "7.0 IiisuIuMl' 1 C'siiiut" lij.iijo l'i'">" triue l'li(i;]ili(irus ly^r, WiitiT r,i;i» Five further determinations recently made, have afforded au average of oG i per cent, of iron, sho'ving a close agreement with the result obtained by Mr. Broome. y,c« Samples of ore from the C'haffey, Yankee, Bygrove, Fournier and Foley, mines were, in accordance with your instructions, submitted to Dr. B. J. Harrington for analysis. The following figures shew his determination of the percentage of metallic iron in tluse ores, but more time will be reciuired for their complete examination: — Cliairry Mine .-,2.01 [icr cent, metallic iron. Vaiilvee Mile r)2.(i[» •• " Bygrove Mine riO.'i5 " " " Fournier Mine oii.r.O '• ■' " Fuley Mine 58.09 '• '' " The ores from tli<' Chaffey, Yankee and Foley mines were all found to bo titaniferous. That uf the Chaftey ini:ie is stated by Dr. Hunt to contain 'J.^0 per cent, of titanic acid (Report of Progress for 18Gil-tJ',t, pige 257.) Dr. Harrington finds 12. o2 per cent, of titanic acid in the ort from the Yankee mine, and also a large amou.ic of sulphur, which renders it alto- gether an inferior ore. The ore from the Foley mine contains only 2.08 per cent, of titanic acid, which is not a sufficient amount to detract from its value. The Chaffey and Yankee ores were also examined for phosphorus, but neither of them was found to contain a weighable amount. The Bygrove and Fournier ores arc free from titanium, and I think it extremely jirobablc that they will be found to belong to beds somewhat higher in the series than the titaniferous ores. ,jf II. Fhoi obtain any return of the exact amount of mineral raised. ffatt Location '^'''^ L'ti'iitinn , No. 4. lot four, in the ei;:hth concession, wa.-; le.ised for twelve month-, l.v two luotheis namea 'A'att, t- m Mr. Flaherty, ior the Ititehir and .lackeon Loca^ tion. PROCRESS REPORT \i\ MR. IIEMIY C. VENNoR. 9 sum of o'v^hty dollars. Wmk was commenced in tlie autumn of 1870, and was continued during the ensuing winter, and di.ring the summer of 1871. With very little outside help, these two young men succeeded in mining and raising upwards oftwoliui Ired and twcnty-fivc tons of a very pure apatite, wliich tliey sold to Mr. iSchuIt:?? for export to (Jermany, at tiie rate of ^lO.oU per ton, at the mine. Tlie vein or bed from which this amount was riMsed is conformalile with the adjacent strata, and runs in an almost east and west direction. Owing to the expiration of the lease, which ran out on the 24th Septemher, 1871, and was not permitted to be renewed, tlif work Mas susjiciuled. The vein, however, still holds forth good prospects. A/,'j-. Cowan s Lomt'i'^n, No. 7 — The h>ts worked byAlex. Cowan, Esq., Ai^r. r-o van-* and j.artners {BroclcvUh' Vh^'miml awl Sujier/Jtosp.'utt.'. Comi'aiu/) are uu^J,^T '" the eleventh and twelfth in the seventh concession, on the latter of which is situateil the Victnria Plajsphitr Mhic. This mine is nine miles distant from ]'ertli,and abnut seven from the Uideau Canal. It is on abed or vein, apparently conformable to tlie immediately surrounding jiyrox- euie and gueissic strata, striking in a X. N. E. direction, and bavin r an average wi.lth of about three feet- This li;is 1) 'en worked pretty steadily Since the muntli of April. Is70. Two shafts have been sunk, one to the depth of ab.iut fifty-six feet, and another to about f.rty-eight feet, besiiles uunieroiis other minor openings of varied extent. The total area worked ovei is about three hundred acres. From the main deposit there has been raised from April. 1870. up to April, 1871, upwards of eight hundred tons „ . . ' . I 1 ' 7 I o Q ugmny raided of apatite, averaging about 8.o per cent. Work was also actively carried on here during the summer of 1871, and a large additional amount raised, the exact return of wliieh I have not yet received. The pro- duce of this mine is shipped to the Brockville Su]ierpliospliate Works, near the town of Brockville, whence it is exported, as superphosphate, botli to the Liiited States nnd Europe. ./. /'. J}<(k>r's Location. No. 10. ( Cantbr'ia PJo'.yihate .17//(-).— Tliis lo- J. f Rak-r-. catiaker. for an English company, which commenced operations during the niontli oi September. 1871. A number of bedded deposits occur here, varying in wiiltli from a few inches toseven feet. Seven of these have been opened, and. although the lowest [loint reached last fall was oulv fifteen feet. Mr. I>aker had succeeded in raisin;' about two hundred tons of first (piality phosphate, — the residt of about three months' ^\orking. The mineral here varies in character from green, coarsely eiyst'illine and massive, to v bite, finely granular and sac- charoidal. This wi.uld ap[iear to be a very promising locality. It is only one r.iile from the liideau, to which the apat'te can be drawn by winter ro.id, tor fifty cents a ton. The general character of these deposits has vet to be iiivestiirated. 10 GEOLCxilCAL SURVEY OF CANADA. E. rinrk's Location?, Apatitp a^sc- ciat'-il with himatitv. Fou' dijtiEct bcUo. Matlic«on anil iJtll'cL'jcatioii! E. Chtrk'sLj'.'((tio>i.o, Nos. 8 13 ami 10.— The eleventh lot of the fourth, and the tenth and twenty-first lots of the sixth concession in Xorth Rur^'csJ are three lots out of a numher purchased by .Mr. E. Clark, of Sherbrooke, from th' Bank of Upper Canada. On those .Mr. Clark, during the summer of l«7i, commenced and personally superintended a series of experi- ment:.l workings, and was fortunate enougli to discover a number of most valuable deposits of aj.atite, especially on lots ten and twenty in the sixth concession. Those on th-, tenth lot were clearly seen to occur as parallel b^ddoil deposits, alternating with bands of reddish gneiss and pyroxene strata. Towards the rear part of the lot the genend strike is N.X.E., and here some of the apatite beds are a g.jod deal mixed with a fine bluish-grey hematite, in much the same manner Rs the deposit already noted on Mr. Schultzc's property, on the tenth lot in the seventh concession- Towards the front of this 1..., and approaching Long Lake, the strike of tho rocks changes to almost east and west, and here further deposits of apatite were observed, also bearing in an east and west direction. Although the work on this lot was, as 1 have iK'fore stated, merely of an exploratory or experimental character, a very considerable amount of " first (juality " red and green apatite was extracted, and j.ilcd on the ground for future dis- posal. ^ There appear to me to be four distinct main paralhd beds, besides a multitude of minor ones, seme of the more important being of at least five feet in thickness. The work on the twnty-first lot, in the slme concession, was also j.ersonally superintended by Mr. Clark, but was not commenced until late in the season, and after stormy and cold weather liad set in. Here, however, a few days' work uncovered some very promising deposits, from some of which large masses of nearly pure apatite were extract- ed. At the time of my visit to this lot sufficient work had not been done to permit of my properly understanding the true nature of the deposits, but, from the openings which had been made, they appeare.l to me to con- sist of large bedded ma.«ses, striking and dipping with the enclosing rock:-. Mr. Clark is at present, I undeistaiieen mentioned in the notes by Mr. Gonhm Broome, alrea.ly cited. Durin- 1871,otl,erdcpositsof apatite were opened up bv the- .,n the ei^ditecnth and nineteeth lots, in the sixth, and on si„,ilarly iitimbered lotJ in the fifth con. ession of Xorth Burgess. On the first-nieiitione,l lot. a great number of opetnngs have been made on a series of parallel and bedded deposits of this mineral, which strike, with the -nclosing strata, in an almost east and west directi.,n. along the point of hmtl ^^Wu■h here juts out into Black or Salmon Lake. .\[uch of the apatite is very largely mixed witli a pink ..r PROGRESS REPORT BY MR. UENRY r,. VENNOR. 11 redilish calcitc which holds aggrcgation3 of large sized crystals of apinkoaidf© greyish pyroxene. A considerable ijuantity both of" firsts" and -'seconds," pyrox^ene."'' has been raised on these lots, but I am not aware that any was shipped during last summer. Much of the wcrk done has been, \ip to the present time, of an experimental character, but there can be little doubt that a large amount of marketable phosphate will yet be found here. Morris and Griffins Location, No. 11. — During the year IMO, Messrs. Mnrri-anti Morris and Griffin, of Wolverhampton, England, manufacturers of artificial""""' manures, purchased seven hundred and fifty acres of land in North Burgess ; namely, the fourteenth, fifteenth and sixteenth lots in the sixth ami seventh concessions. Early in the season of lH71, Mr. Wm. Davis, agent for these gentlemen, ciuimonccda series of explorations on these lots, and succeeded in discovering on those in the sixth concession some im- portant indications of phosphate of lime. These occurred towards the rear ends of jots fourteen and fifteen, and close to the line between concessions six and seven. The openings maiic during the season were chiefly shallow surfiico pits, many of which, however, gave considerable en- couragement for tlie further prosecution of the work. The lots in the seventh concession have not, and are not likely to yield anything of importance, as they are chiefly occupied by the ho-izontal sandstones o' i'"'*«iam sand- ""to DPS the Potsdam formation. Messrs. Morris and Griffin, I am informed, will commence systematic work on the most promising portions of their lots during the approaching summer. The remaining locations in North Burgess noted in the forcoinf list, name- i-o'^tt»ions u o o ■ ami 1 1 ly those of R.Leckie andCompany,jf Montreal (No. U),andMr.rhii:p3of Piiiladeljihia (No. 17), were not worked during the past summer, although both of them still hold out good encouragement for further development. From No. 14 upwards of sixty tons of phosphate have been extracted, and still remain on the ground at the mine. From No. 17 about one hundred tons have bei'n shipped by Mr. Piiilips to the L'nited States, via the Ilideau Canal. No. 14 locatvjn, K. Leckie and Company, is, I believe, now in th" market, but the ^ rice placed upon it is rather beyo;ul the means of present purchasers of phosphate iands. Schi(/t-t''s Loeati'Oi, No. \X. — On this location, in South Crosby. Mr. E. smuitze-s ^cluiltze lias made a tcwexpenmeutal oponings on the tweiflli lot of the sixth »'-"'"' cro^i.T concession, near Sand Lake. He lias discovered a very fair show of apatite, and alre.idy raised about tilteeu tons of first (juality. Very little prospect- ing has yet been 'one in tliis t(j\vi!ship, but it is altogttlier likely that many large deposits of apatite will yet be discovered on the course of the pyroxenic and gneissic lielt already alluded to, where U is not concealed by the sandstones of the unconformable Potsdam formation. Sand L.\]:f is a part of the Uideau waters, and iVoiu it the phosphate- may lie ship[ie(l by barge-; t(.i King-ton, or to any oMier port on the St. Lawrence. 1 • «f 12 (iK''ii-o(!rc.M, «rKV!;v oF i'\nai»a. ("owniii I.nc«- riold in ll»r- uiora. ('■i>i\in'x L"'i'i ■II, \m. lit. — This 1 )c:ui'>ii in H-lt'i;-'! \v:n fust wurkcd in tlio fiill of 1S7". lui'l U mi'iiti )iK''l in my K ';i')rt for that yoar ( Report of l'roL'ro.-^71. s uiir five hini Ired and forty-nine tons of first i|uality jhosjihate. Mr. Oatey. the su[ierintendent, has recently informed aie that there is now visible a thickness of about twi-nty feet of phosphate, ^^ith but very little nek 'nte.'veiiin;_'. The bi'ds, however, are very variable in tlieir liimen-i oiis. oft"n (dian,\;in;^ witliin a few yards from five or six feet in thick:iess to ;is many inches. III. (J^urrounding the granite mass, and apparently conforming to its general outline, occurs u series of stvatihe'd deposits, consisting of greyish talcoid mica-slates, opa'jue white and reddish felsites with epidote, greenstones or diorites, ferruginous dolomites, crystalline limesto;ies and rusty (juartzites, towards tiie base of which ocjur deposits of magnetic iron ore, and small riunrtzv<.in= ., ( Report of Progress for 18t>J-tiLt, page 14o, and Report of Progress for 1^7U-71,iiage :'.1U.) Tlif Ilucklc berry Kojki- I'UOi.RKSS REl'OKT IlY MK. }IKNRY (i. VINNoH. 18 In tlic map accompanying tlic [■rc^'cnt Boport, [ have eniloavoureil to M.p. roprcsciit the wostcrn outline of the granite mass in Marmora, and to show the position of u...' variou.^ ojienings made for gold in it.s proximity. It will at once lie oliserved that \.-ere a line drawn, connecting these open- in"s. it wimld repri in .Marmora. In this Report, after giving a detailed description of the course of the iron-bearing rocks through these townships, pages l')0 and l"'l, I further stated on p.-.ge I'll), that .he various localities in which gold had been toinul appeared to have a nearly uniform relation t^ the ferriferous belt, " a close proximity to the summit cnifurm reia- -. , , . Ill •.• !• ..1 """ It'twetn of which'' would •' ui my opnuon aiiord ihe most rirof>aole positions tor the »hc(joidBi..ithe ,1 •r'lt 1 ircii-bearlnu discovery of ::old."' This vk-w has been most satistactorily borne out by zon». the openings since made in Marmora, all of which, as re{iresentcd in the accompanying map, occur close to the valley of the River Moira, "' the course of which might almost be said to denote its further run through this township." ( ?ame Report, p. 1")1.) The a 'e .if the granite, o\i which these gold-bearing rocks rest, is not yet satisfactorily determined. That it is of more ancient date than the latter Ag^Aftu* is I think clearly ■ yenlto velns.l while immediately aiijoining these Plams on the east side, in Lake, rocks of the same age as those of Marmora remain unaftected. The general characters of the strata surrounding tlie Huckleberry rocks in Madoc and Marmora 1 ave been already given. In them gold occurs Ji°^,';°f',';ff- p ,1 i^^'i ill Matlno as toUoWS : — ana llarmora. 1 5 '11 1 ^. Jfe= r.EOLOOICAL SURVEY OF CAN'ADA. 1 --Ii l«(l(liil metiilliferijiis loMfS. 2.— I I slut'' biiii'ls, iinpn'giiatol Willi >iilpliiirf ts 3.— In iKjU, or bundles with .(imrtz iin.l sulpliiir.'t^;in Jolomitr. 4 —In cr .--IS or fin-mrc voiiu (of mini)r imporUtRe.) 1. BeM I M'f'il'l/erous Zc-(?e«.— As in Nova Scotia, so in the town- Hhip or Marmora, the" most productive .luartz lodes are conformable with the stratification. Ttiey consist chiefly of translucent vitreous ijuartz, coarsely crystalline masses of mispickel with Mack mica, sulphurets of iron and copper, more .„rely of ziiic, and in one instance oxi^e of tin. The oxide of tin occurred in a specimen submitted to Trof. James IJell, of Belleville,>r examination, who, in a letter to me, d;ited Fe'.ruary Odi, 1871, stated that on one occasion he had found a few small crystals of tin ore, a'dlierin^ to a specimen of iron ore containing arsenic, and associated with (luartz and mica. Unfortunately, the locality from whicli this specimen was obtained was rather doubtful, but it was among a number sent trom Madoc and Marmora. The gold occurs visibly both in the .puirtz and the mispickel. In the former it is in very minute jiarticles, but in the latter often hi irregular lumps of considerable size. Tiie fo^t-wall is generally the grey talcoid or unctuous mica-slate, and the hanging-wall either a >rreenstone, or a feldspatliic band witli disseminated pyrites. In some distances the mica-slate is wanting, and then both walls of the vein are ot a dark grey hornblendic gneiss, ^shieh is slightly calcareous, as at the Williams mine in ^^'rmora. a.araM.Tor.iie Tliesc bedded lodes have l>een traced continuously all along the Marmora u.ja..u lua... ^.^^^^ ^e. ^j^^, Huckleberry rocks, and are rei>resented in the accompanying map by disconnected black lines. They are not of uniform thickness, but assume more the character of a series of lenticular patches, which in some instances have an extreme thickness of from ten to fifteen feet. 2. Slates imi>re/Mtrf^s.— These are next in importance to the quartz lodes', of which tl ^y generally form the foot-wall, and in some instances both walls. Tliey resemble somewhat the gold-bearing slates of Nova Scotia, and contain interposed layers of vitre^n^ ((-artz, holding mispickel. sulphurets of iron, and free gold. Sometuu ad of the sulphurcts, la- 'crs of magnetic oxide of iron occur, to cut as to form deposits'of economic importance, in which cases the gold and non are intimately associated in the same horizon, specimens having been obtained in more than one locality, where small grains of the precious metal were seen to be embedded in the iron. In places, on the run of the unctuous slate:- occur deposits of steatite or soapstone, a fact whicli has =oap.tone already been pointed o"t in my Rcp. rt for 1870 _ ' 3 In nests with -^hiartz in Dolomite.— This is an exceptional form m i.,me«,ono,-.nd ,vlucli the gold occurs in some few localities, and generally of too irregular i^uiomue..^ a description to be worked with profit. Examples of this mode of occurrence I'KOi.RESS RKPUKT liV Mil. Ili:NUV G. VENNOR. 15 arc the Richardson and Emjarc mines in Madoc, in hotli of wliich instances, r.'thouj^li g')ld w:.3 found in comi^arativoly lar;:;e (juantitics at the outset —as sliown in the Report -f I',.,;rross for IHtJtJ-lHtJO— it was suhse- ((uently found to be of too in. -ular and uncritain occurrence to he mined with profit. It is only towards th. summit of the auriferous horizon that limestones J,-^*^.' and cavernous dolomites mako ti.eir appearance. Through Marmora, numerous small openings made on the course of the latter have yielded small amounts of gold, more interesting, howe\-i, '... a geological p' .it of view, than profitable to the miner. 4. Cross or j!ssure-v.i>i8.—X few of these cross or fissure-veins, or, as tlie miners term them, .s/<»r* and J.^iden, are met with, crossing frcm one bedded lode to another, and cutting the intervening .rata at various angles. In them gold occurs both in the (piartz and the sulphurets, but thtj are generally "f so limited an extent that thoy rather serve as guides to the discovery of the main veins tb- as workable deposits themselves. In Von Cotta's Trmtixe on Ore-Deposits, page V20, he de-scr'.I-es a certain ore-district in the Schwarzenberg, Germany, which, in a very or,. .li-tMcUn marked manner, resembles those of Madoc and Marmora. The Schwar- u.,,.^c,,m„.reMtMl veiu-^. (•oinUiu'a with pr, ,.n;toiK'. .iiM cuut.iiniiig iimiiy dilRri'iil oic3. 'J. lU'matite ludc:^. The bedded veins surround the granite of the Rackelmann also concen- trically, as they follow the schistose structure of the mica schist, not as a continuous circle, but as small fragments of rings. These often attain a great breadth in the central portion of their extent ; and from this cause . approach, in horizontal section, an irregular lenticular form. They are alwavs so firmly combined with the greenstones, that they are only with difficulty separated from them, and are frequently accompanied by granuhr limestone, or dolomite." This description may be said to apply, word for word, to the Marmora ore-district, which, however, contains in addition depos'ts of magnetic iron. Du iiig my exploration in 1871, the workings for gold were confined toGo'^king, the Marmora side of the Huckleberry rocks. The feverish excitement und Mad.c. wliich pervaded this district in 1868, has entirely subsided, and is now replaced by steady working in some three or four localities. In Madoc, though similar deposits to those of Marmora are known to exist (Report of Progress for 18ot3-GO), they arc unfortunately so much concealed by the it jg OEOLOOICAL SUUVKY OF CAVADA. horizot.tul limestones of the Trenton group, ^vlnch overlie them unconfor- mably as to render it imro^sible to trace out their distribution, or to mine them profitably. A glance at the map accmpanying the Report on the county of Hastings (Report of Irogress for 18.>.;-18G<. page 14:5) where these higher limestones are repres.nte.l by the dark blue colour, will at once make this fact evident. The following is a list of tlie lots in Marmora, on which work is now, or ha:, recently" .-.m, In i-.ogress, and where openings of some importance have been nuide ; coumiencing with the most southerly ;— , T,,c.C.H,ko,orWilU,un.Mino Lot 7 Con. IX ^ Marmora. -•T'- •■""•" ^r "> 8 '■ vlll&IX '■ T The Si'voni Vine 4. TlieGtttliiii,'MM,o ^^ ■> ^^ ^^ „ -, The Hawk-eye Mine ^ ^_ •■ TI.e Neill Mine J ' _^ ^ 7, The Powell Mine '' '^^ Th^ Cooke, or Wimani.-< Mine, is situated on the south-wo=t corn ■!• of Cooke or wii- th> seventh h.t in the ninth concession of Marmoia, and was mentioned in """ '"'"■" the list of localities in which the presence of gold had been verified, ni the Meport of Progress for 18C..-.-(;'.', page I'iS, and again on page 1 . 1. Ihe n-uu- ;. w.vned by Cooke Ih'others, of Toront,., and is supern.ten.b'd by J 1) Williams. M.l). It i^ ni, a vein of .piail/ and mispickel, wUhblack mica" and suphurets of irun and copper, the whole havingan average ..dth of from four to five feet, striking about N. 17^' W., and dipping tc the cha)acterofU,e^,^_,^^^.,^^.^j^^r^u, The immediately adjoimng rock is a heavy, dark grey, liornbU-ndic -neiss, and the total absence here of the unctuous slate is a „.,tewnrthv fact. On this vein, a sliaft, six feet by ten, has been sunk to a der.th of seventy feet, anl levels driven on either side to an extent m all of ninety feet. A large (p'antity of ore, ciiietly (luartz and n.ispickel, has been raised ; but the .Mvater part of it still lies on the ground awa.t- u,r treatment. Up to the wint^T of 1872, the work earned on here, a,"art from the mining and raising ..f tlie ore, has been clnetly expe- rimental, and althougii tlie res'ilts arrived at by Dr. Wnhams, trom time to tiMie, exceeded his expectations, he still f .un.l by firther treat- ment of the tailings resulthig from his mill process, that a large per- centage of the p.reeious metal was being lost. The first null used was ^°'' "' '""'■ ono that had formely been worked by Mr. Rerry, in the township of IJarrie, near tlie Addin-ton Road, in Froute-ac County, but was subsecpiently sold and removed to Dr. Williams' location. It was of the ordinary form, Consisting of one battery with Wvc circular rotating stamp-heads worked by an engine of fifteen horse-power. I saw it in operation during tl.o month of ?lanuary, 1^<7<), when some two hundred and fifty tons of oro ^v..re put ihr'iigb. 'fhe shall then was sixty fe.a in depth, and numerous beautiful specimens were slwwn to me, which had been recently rKOiiUK>S KKPORT BY MI'. IIK.NUI vi:.\V"R. V oxtr;u ti'tl, Luin|,osnl of iiuartz and misi-ickel, with visiltlc gold. The ore was buii.g calcincil in an open kiln, i)nor to its entering the mill. The kiln, when filled, li^ld forty tons of ore, wliioh it took four days to calcine properly. Before its erection, the nre had heen taken to the mill without previous calcination, and a cleaning up, shortly before my arrival, after the treatment of four and threo-cpiart'^r tons, had resulted in the yijld of a little over -SIO.OO to the ton. This mill remained in use during the ensuing summer of ISTr', with variable results, ;dl the ore being first calcine of ini '^'Vn/w,'/ yuartzCru.-iicr. mill of tircnfi/ stonijiA, vhli till iitij-fr, horstjioinrnijinc. The patentees further offered to put it up on trial, free of cost, and to remove it if not approved of. It was aectrdingly put into operation during the month of March, 1S71, but, after a very short trial, was abandoned in the ensuing month of April as quite vmsui* ible, and the old stamps replaced. The open kiln was also set aside, and preparations made for erecting a suitable reverberatory furnace for roasting the ore. During the fall of IfSTl and comiucnccmcnt of l5'T2, Dr. Williams was enLra'^'>d in enlarging and improving his mill, by the addition of fifteen stamps, making in all twenty stamp-heads, and in the erection of a re- volving Cylinder furnace, recently patented by Mr. .Jolm II.Dunstan. These changes were completcil early in the month of February, 1872, at which time 1 again visited the mine and collected some further information. About v,Ilvini"<-viir thirty- five men were being employed in the mill and shaft. The mill is erected a short distance to the south-west of the shaft, and close to the east bank of the Moira River, on the sixth lot of the eighth range. The .-tampis are all of the circular rotating description, arranged in four batteries of live each, and are similar to those in use in many parts of Nova Scotia. They are worked by an engine of fifty horse-power, which is also used to turn the revolving cylinder of the roasting furnace, erected in the same luiilding and close to the batteries. The quartz is cruslied in the batteries witii water, ,iud tlu^ pulverized ore passed over a set of blanket troughs ^[^,'1^/'."' previous to its trcatncnt in amalgamating pans of tlic Wheeler pattern. The other iul'Ti.iil an'an/i'uieiits of this mill are mu.eli the same as in stamn- Pf^Hcription of thf Dunstan Cylinder-fur- nace. , CPit. J8 (iKOLncIiAI- .SlliVF.Y nr, and Bnt'^kwrhr- naces, to which he has aihied some details of his own invention. The accom- panying plan, F\'^. 1, drawn to the scale of four feet to one inch, will give a good general idea of the furnace : — In Fig 1, A is a hrick fire-hox ; I'., a revolving sheet-iron cylinder, in- clined from tlie fire-iilae and in wliieh arc huilt six shelves of fire-brick, the vhole interior being ai-i Uned with the same material ; C, a chamber in which is a water ti-mgh K, with a running stream i>f water ; D, a dust chamber ; E. an ar-enic condensing <'!iamber : F. a slieet-iron drying tray or pan, furni^he.l with a mechanical rake ; C, a hopper into which the ere is raked, and from which it parses, through the tube J, into the cylinder, being at the same time scattered by a fan blast, from another tube enclosing J ; II II II are friction rollers on whirli the cylinder I? revolves : I, the flue. The pulverized ore, coming f-om the batteries wet. is S].read out in the drying pan F, being at tlie same time slowly raked towards the hopper (r, from which it passes into the cylinder. The cylindei turns at the rate of five revolutions per minute, or fa^t.r if necessary, and in it the ore is tossed from shelf to shelf through the flame, which passes through the centre, and, after about twenty revolutions, reaches the further e?:tremity, and falls into chamber C, and the tank K. In tliis tank or trough, Mr. Dunstan contends that the ymlverized and roasti'd ore is yet more finely divided, and is also freed from a coating whieli appears ^o rend •; it unfit for amalgamation. In any case, tlie tank, if of no other use. saves a considerable amount of manual labour, as the water passing through it carries the ore to the amalgamating pans. In-tead of c'lambers (', 1) and E, Mr. Dunstan has devised another jilan. Fig. 2, Tiispcnsing with the tank, and in which the pulverized mineral passes at once into a chamber, where it is treatrd as in an ordinary reverheratory ♦'urnace, and winch has also combined with it a riiaTnber M, i'"y eondrii.ing the arsciuc. The cost of erecting this furnace is nearly as folluws : Iron-work 5i:i"'>-"" Kiri-L.ii(k (15,000) tJU-OO Sand aniJ lime 2. .00 Labor »<>■'>" Toiiil i-;--..<)0 All the Irou-NNork i- iiroiccled from tire and fumes liy fire-briek. Kes- pecting the working of tliis furnace, but little can be said at i. resent, it having been so short a limo in oiicration. T'lal it has drfiM'ts. and th,ii at iz. TlK > K -n- ■^ *>i« ffvsrc&aji LXl -Sis -' M i-l H H H FITTTVl H H H i-^ h IfWWi TTXTT J VI \. p [HTEHyi miifl ILE ^" liiB i'UO(;ui;c.~ iiEi'i^KT i;y mu. iiexuy o. vennoh. 19 it will yet rcMiuire souk' vcy important alterations, seems to mc evident; but the fact that it has uh-oady effected a cousidcrahle tavin- in gold, indi- cates the trial to be in the ri-ht direction. At the time of my last vliit to the 'Williams' mill, the furnace had hardly been fairly put into operation, but after some weeks working, Mr. Dunstan furnished me with the foll-nviu- information. The furnace burns one cord of soft wood in twenty '.ours, and the whole of its machinery and connections can l>c wo- ' about two and a-half horse-power. From partially concentrated tailinss-say 00 per cent, of sulphurets— which had previously yielded from ■'j'J.OO to 811.00 per ton, a trifle over 818.00 per ton was extracted, after treatment in this furnace. The average yield of the ore as it conies from the n>ine would appear to be from 817.00 to 820.0C per ton. A furnace which would, perhaps, much better suit the ores of oxiaua* fur- Marmora is one known us -Oiland's furnace; in very general use b th""^'^' in Europe and America. In this, the revolving cyUiider inclines in the opposite direction to ^Diuistan's; namely, towards the fire place, mstead of from it, the ore l)eing introduced at the end farthest from the fire, and brought from lesser to greater heat ; whereas, in the furnace first described, the ore being introduced into the ilamc is sul jeeted to an extreme heat ot the outset, and gradually cools on its passage through the cylinder. ^ 2. The GiUen Mine is situated iu the north-eastern corner of the sixth ^,_,^,.|,^,^^ lot, in the eighth range, and about twenty-four chains south-west of the Mi,>«. Williams shaft. The lode is a parallel but somewhat higher one in the series than the one last described, being separated from it by about seven hundred feet of a grey hornblendic rock, surmounted by a band of greenish-gray talcoid slate. It is clearly an interposed or intercalated lode, striking with the associated rocks to tlie^ west of north (^N. 17^—20'' W.) and dipping to the westward 30="— 3")°, and is from four to six feet \vide. The foot-wall is the talcoid slate with inter- posed layers of (-aartz and sulphurets, and the body of the vein is chieiiy ((uartz, carrying about 10 per cent, of mispickel, with sulphurets and free g..ld. The rocks immediately overlying this, are greenstone and o^ .upie white felsitcs, above iivhich occur dolomite and limestone. During tlie yea- 1870, a mill of five stamps, w.v.-ked I)y water power. which had formerly been in use at Eldorado in Madoc. was used by Mr. William CJilbert in connection with this mine. Two small o,.onings were at this time made in the vein, and some ore extra>'ted, of which about two hundred tons were put through the mill, and returned from 85.00 to >^ibOO per ton. Mr. Dunstan, however, succeeded afterwards in obtaining upwards of 820.00 per tnn, from samples of concentrated ore, which had already been tv icc> worked thn ugli this mill. Shortly after, owing to the break- ing' down of the water-dam. w-rk was suspended on this location. (j.'iiornl rich •20 iii:uL'ii;icAL ^unvKv "F i\\nad.\. Ill 1>^71, Mr. Amlrow White, coutractod to raise one liundrcd tuns of urc fVi»in till' (Jillon l')(le, which was to be tested in tlic mill at tlie Williams mine. Au opening; was :nadc on the course of tlie vein, ofahcutflfty feet in leii,:;t!i, five or six feet in width, and of irregular depth, the lowest p-iitit rcaciied beini:; about twenty feet, and the cost of mining and raisin;j; the or- )aly 81.50 per ton. The m'.ll return on the one hundred t ms averaged 80.00 per ton. which, there i^.; very little doubt, was considerably less than the actual contents of the ore. d'ho property is now in the possession of W. J. Gatiing and partneis- Numerous laboratory assays have been made of t\o ore from this mine, and are reported to have shown a large yield in bot'a gold and silver. The assays 'dven bclo>v are taken from a Report on this location recent ,y made by Professor E. J. Chapman, of Universi:/ College Toronto. Professor Chapman says : " In order to obtain a lYiir average sarapie of the vein, as at present opened, I had two bia.-rs put in at a d'stancc of about twelve feet apart, and about six feet beluw the surface of the ground. Ffom the fr.agincnts thrown out by tiiesj blasts, I broke o!V between 30 and 40 lbs. of ore, taking a piece or two from each fragment. '• A single trial-as^av made from a selected piece 'A the pyrites, free or nearly so from quartz, (but in which no visible gold could be detected by the magnifying glass), gave me, per ton of 2000 lbs., the c.xtraordinnry yield of S oz. 3 dwts.. e^US per ton. " This, hwwever, can scarcely be regarded as x fair catorion of the yield of the vein, and it is only mentioned here to show tl)e actual aniouTit carried by some portions of the ore. But the following results were ob- tained from [nirti'rns broken fairly from every )>iece of the ore thrown out by the two shots or blasts, (.from all. at l-.i^t. tliat could be ci 'lect'.'d.) Several fragments were thrown to a grea: di-tancc, and "cnl 1 n-t bo found. •' A.S£Ai 1. — (I'ortions of powdered ore from hoth shots.) (iold. C o:',., 10 dwU., 10 gis.=Sn4 per ton of -'')!iO llw of uir Silcer 'J dwts, 8 grains. A.s.s.VY 2.— (Portions of powdered ore from both shots.) OolJ oz.,H dwtd., Sgri. ^S132.5G iiir ton of JOO ) Ib.^. o» or.'. Silver T dv (3. Average yield of gold per ton of orc='S133.28. " These results, obtained by the most scrupulously fair treatment of the ore, are decisive as to the general richness of the vein. If at other parts '" at present unopened, the yield sink to even a third or fourth of the above, the ore would still be of more than average (juality." During the summer of 1807, while engaged in mapping the distribution of these gold bearing rocks in Marmoia, I succeeded in tracing the (Jillen v>'!!i tb.r(!ii"li the s'>ventb. oijith. ninth aud teiifli lots, in the eighth con- PKO(iKE?S REPORT liV MR. UENRY fl. VENNOR. 21 cession, its course being plainly indicated by broken fragmento of rusty surface-quartz, holding mispickcl. Through lots nine and ten the course chan- ged from N, 17® W. to almost north and south magnetic, and tho vein disap- peared beneath an extensive swamp in the south-west corner of lot eleven, in the ninth concession, beyond which all trace of it was lost for some distance, owing to low swampy ground, which continues northward through lots eleven, twelve and thirteen of the same concession. On reaching, however, the fourteenth lot, in the tenth concession, I again found loose fragments of qu" 1^ and mispickel, and shortly afterwards, on the same lot noted a well defined vein, striking N. N. E., doubtless the continuation of that already traced up to the swamp commencing on the eleventh lot of the ninth concession. (3). Tho Severn Mine is situated half way up tho line between thoTii.'s. eighth and ninth concessions, about the eighth lot, but no work has been in progress recently. At the time of my visit, the shaft, which has, been sunk to the depth of about fifteen feet, on a vein of quartz and mis- pickel, was filled with water ; but, from an examination of the immediately adjacent strata, the vein appears to me to be on the run of that from tlie Williams shaft. During the winter of 1870, about three hundred tons of ore from this mine were put through a small stamp-mill, which had for- merly been i; use at Eldorado, and I am informed that yields have been obtained, varying from 81.00 to 812.00 per ton. 4. Tho GatUnff 3Iine, the property of W.J. Catling and partners ti.oc is situated on the north eastern corner of tho ninth lot, in the eighth con-*'"" cession of Marmora. It is on a bedded vein, striking nearly north and south magnetic, and having a dip to the westward the shafts Am .^ th^.^^ are a dwelling-house, a boarding-house w.th accommodation for thirty workman, a work-shop, stable ,carriage-house and smith's for'^e A -oo.^ r -a 1 has also been constructed, com.ectmg with the nuin t.avJled nxld fromMadoe, to th , ^dlage of Marmora. Preparations have already been commenced by Mr. Gatlingfor the erection "t ^ ^w^'^^y- stamp mill andsuitaMe roasting furnace, and there is little doubt but hat this mine will be in full working order ^vithin a very few months. 1 ollow- on thestrike of these bedded lode, in a northerly direction, we next come to the Ilawk-cyc Co.'s mine. 5. The Hawk-ei/c C'..'. mine i, s tuated on the east (..arter of the tenth lot. in the eighth range, au Hess thar one quarter of a mile nortl; of Mr (latlin ''s mine. Here, gold occurs under conditions simdar to those last described. Slate, greenstone and felsite bands are interstratihed and accomoanicd with veins or beds of quartz and raisp.ckel. i wo slia ts liavebeen Mi.ik on one of these veins by Mr. Jones of Iowa, one to the dei^th of f ,rty- u.ai-n' >."' 1 — '\- I'liocm i:i;iiiKT i;V mi;, hi nk'i c. \ iinnuh. Ncill, the >nviiL'r of tho lot, but with wliat result. I Ikwc imt hecii liifin-ine 1. The ;^c'u]u;;ical cmulition.s of this doiiosit rcseiuhle those of the Williams vein, on the seventh lot of the ninth concession. It almost inimeilinU'Iy honlers on the .^nat granite area existing to tlie ca.-cwanl, Iiut fpun which it is separated hy a granitic and greenstone lu'eceia. to \vhi
  • '' — O")"^. Tho vein is said to average about ton feet in width. A tomporary stamp-mill witli five stamps, \vorkod by an engine of twenty horse-pow.'r, has l)oen erootod f )r testing the ore. Tlie pulverized mineral 3 roasted in a smill, ordinar^ roverberat )ry farnico, previous to its treatraont in t!ic mill. y.r. Joukiu-!, who is at prosout superintending the worl' informs me that tho mill crushes about five tons in the twenty-four hours. T!ie nroprietors intend, however, should tliey meet with sufficient encouragement, to erect a mill of at least twenty stamps. Only a sm.ill (piantity of surface ore has yet boon o[)erated on, but Ir^s yielded on an average about •?.j.00 to the ton. Soni.> seven or eight men are at present employed on tlio location. Tlie tabk? on the following jiago contains the results of a^-^ays male by Dr. B. J. Ilarringior., in tho laboratoiy of t!ie (ieologioal Survey Office. The specim.'ns wevo all collected by myself, wit!i the exeeiiti'in of tiie ore from tho t'ooko or WiHianis mine, and the poorer of the tailiug-i from the same place. 1 have the honor to be, Sir, Your obcilient servant, iiKXKV (;. \i:nn()i;, tieoiii-ical Sui\cv l>;llce. I 1st .Mav, Is'TJ. \ A;?SAVS HV DK. i!. I. liAKlUNCTON. Ill the fort-going Report nothing is said witli regard to gold localities outside of Marmora ; hut a few specimens from tl.o Townships of Levant and Klzorir having been examined at the same time a.s tlio?" from Mar- mora, it has been thought advisable to includi' the results in the following table. In most cases silver was absent, or, if present, occurred in such n^inutc quantity as to be of no economic value : — N;inii(» of Mini's orori'roiirict(ir< (Ml.u Miuo .... I, I ( Ciiiiling Mine. W llh;i^l^ >v Co f'ookporWil- ' V.AUii' Ml. 10. j rown(»hip, r.ot |i)l(iolil <'hiirncter of Oro jiicrton •ijUO lb^ Marni'iiM, •'., ^ l'.> r ( Misiiickel ) 1 ami (luiirt/, j I Mispickitl I \ iuiii (iu:irtz J ( Onliiiary and I uiiijiiietic jiy- ^ ritc3 Willi I clilorilicmat- ^ .tor ( Finely gruu- } ular iiii3- { jiickfl (Mispickcl and vitrBOUs 'r-*^'' , .' Coucentra',eu Valuo por tun iLI'oo lbs.) tailings lorm Dr. William.s 'A Williams, 1 l>i'au & < 'o. j H. Ilulcliiiij, ( Ki'l ) 20 i Levant, i or :i. ] Mill, chwtiy i quartz and [ mispickel j" Similar tothf | ' lil5t b';t not ', ] so well con- J [ centrated ; j Mispickel l with a little (quartz f Whitrqnartz ' I with chlorite and coiiper 4.00 OGIJ:. 3.7, ;» .No Iraci' of gold or silver. i 1- 0.81.1.- :TUn 2.1 [ pyrites., Fahlband., 0.4i; I,.- 4," ildor -liver Traci- ofguld ("omi'uct I ipinrtzosedo- | loniite, hold- ( ingsul|iliides | of iiou and | ropjier j lU niurk,s .\ vein worked at presriit 12 C5|.Vot from the ?ame vein as th,; above. 77 Is N'ow licing worked. Occurs in magnetic iron in tlie vicinityof the Marish Ore Bed, Tlii.^, like the liist, w.as ft surface .specimen, no o|ii mngi having beiii nude, ti'> '<■'. Worked at iiresent. 17 .f ',1 71 ,;i frials on a large scale are said to have yielded a much larger anioiint of gold;b. ■ the quantity of course varies according to the degree to whicii the tailings have been concentrated. From a hiealit\' nut yet described, and ln-lonj;- ing apiiarenlly to a dil- fereut horizon from any of the above. .^ome 3 ago a fiw jicnings wer me year inialf o made on this and tl following lots fur cop- per.