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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 32 X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 AN \ ■n\ INTERESTING DESCRIPTION OP ^-^9 FROM PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE AND OBSERVATION ; /■ CONTAINING MANY AND VARIOUS Communicationie?, XEFER BEFORE MADE PUBLJCK. % n(?w and last edition, corrected and improved. BY ABRAHAM PRYOR, Surgeon. Author of Serious Poems, treatise on Dysentery, &c. EpoiesG te ex cnos aimatos pan ethnos antliropon katoibein rpi pan to prosopon te« gcs, orisas prostctagmenous kairout ki tas orothesias tes katotkias auton. -ticU xvii. 26. PROFIDE.XCEi TRLVTED BY MILLER AND fl'bTCITENS, No. 1, Market- Square, (UfWitaiis.) 1SI9. t ^«& n^. To Xic\io\as liOOclieTman, Esq. This second edition of British America, is, wllh. sincere attachment, dedicated by his friend, THE AUTHOR. Dedicatory Letter to J^icholas Loockennan, Esq, My Dear Sir, I give you the last proof which I may ever have in my power of my sincere attacli- ment to you and your ever honoured relations. I' had no intention of making a second impression of this work, but a number of circumstances have combined to make me offer this last edition to the public. ABRAHAM PRYOU. Prqrid^ncc, Juna 1, 1819. THE Island of Prince Edward lies in the gulf of Stv. Lawrence, aikl has a Legislature consisting of a Gov- ornor, Council and House of Reprrsenlatives. The name of tlie first Governor of this island was Patterson, the name of the second was Fanning, >vho rose from the "rank of a corporal to be a Mrljor-Gencral ; the third was Joseph Frekerick Wallet Dcsbarrcs, who Ijad been an officer with Amherst, at the taking of Louisbourg, and fought with Wolfe on the Plains of Abraham ^ the lourth and present Governor is the brother of Sir S^'dnev Smith. The House of Assembly have frequently chang- ed the name of l.'.'is Island. They once called it New.. Ireland, Irom its- resemblance to that country in fertility and beauty. Th«y ijext called it St. John, by which r>ame it is better known than any othtir, And lastly they called it Prince Edward, alter the Duke of Kent, which name it yet retains. I'he island is about 150 miles long and 40 broad. It is extremely fertile, with- out one barren spo^ upon it. There is but one town on the island, which is Charloltetown, named after tho- Queen of England, and is 70 leagues from Halifax. It is situate on Hillsborough river, and is a very beautiful town. It contains about 300 houses, and has one Epis- copal Church, a Roman Calholiek Chapel, a SecedeV Meeting- House, a Methodist Church, a Comt-liouse, a Jail, an Academy and a Theatre. There id but one of the society of Friends on the Island, and his name i^ Cambridge. He is perhaps the greatest landholder there, if we except the Earl of Sdkirk. This island raises considerable quantities of wheat, rye, barley, oats, buck wheat, and potatoes; and being surrounUeci by the salt water, Is not ruined by the" early frost, as is too frequently the case In Nova-Scotia ; yet the winters are so rigorous that the Governor sends once a year an . express on the ice across the gulf to Halifax. Thp riv- ets of Ps'ince Edwaiv.l abound, v^itlv fisln aiui ' (ha ilne-*- eels in. the world. Its- waters^ contain- an. incrtsliblo; quantity of oysters jjvitb. ojt^riadsQiwtkl .^eese,. iicjjeo arc partridges as l.rgc anJ as tame as domest .ck po It y with bears and ferocious animal, called Imhan DevtU, on account of the Indians being so much afru.d c,f them oilers seals, &:c. They have no doves on the .sland^ b"ran abundance of pigeon. To the lovers of «at. ju. H.STUKY i will raentidu oue curious little bird uhiU is " "ersally believed, by the islanders, to 1---^^^ . nower of chani'ing its feathers m a momen , from browa fo white They call it the snowbird, and .t resembles Lsvark\f the United States; but w. lb. this differ- e^ce, th tthe moment the sno>v falls, X"" - :;|;f^;'' .ee its brown feathex., but it is arrayed - F ^^ J, '^^^^l and vice versa when the snow is gone. But ^^j'^' ^nca r"on now a mo»t tearful circumstance belonging to this land which British subjects have concea ed. - Abou o, ce in^eve" the island is visited with swarms oi Xe which l^ke the locusts of Egypt, leave neither ear- ng nor harvest. The- inhabitants as -"/^Vn^ers ^h an ..t,..m on fne ishiid," are more subject to cancers tnan aToTheTfe";;: n.'.bo worM. for which var,o.« ...a uJali.factiry'lheork, have b.c„ "ff^'f^/J^^^ „',t also passed to prohibtt any sbip-raasler frorn t""'*;) "=. my pe-son from the island under the penally oS\«oi. ■«Hhout a special permit from the Governor, tvhich m- polSlaw. in^eadof bei," favourable to the fopu a- Ton of the island has deterred hundreds Irom vis.l.ns .t. rlt,n a combination of circuntstances .. .s ev "Ti^.of::':;rdfmi="dif.e,^irrde'rppe!n„ca Cwhlb ".ucraTrrmed tbe 'uianders. because tUey -l^Scdt:TfB^S:yPoin.a„d..tberewe.o. ly,.vo other medical practilioneis ^"'"^^ ™> ''^^^ 'province ; the demand '-."'X «';^\-', ^^^K "c"? r, 1 dtscovercd the disease to be a pleunsy of a on we. 1 ciscoveii-u c ^ ^^ ^ :.,r«r«;,M.s nlthouah I Mitior, Typhus Gravior. &c. both before and since. And surely the soldier and physician have abuu(i.'int reason for gratitude and praiseto that Divine Protector who covers the one and the other in the day of battle and pestilence. But to return to our Island epidemic. 'I'he patient com- plained of a violent pain in the side, ardent fever and exti-emc thirst. On being sent for, I immediately opened a vein and repeated il— I gave (lax seed tea or barley "vatcr for his drink, with coolini^ dosee of nitre, and applied a vesicaton/ over the Dart affected with pain and poultices to the soies of the feet. Of those who died of this disease on the Island, Mr. Angus M'Donald, was- the first ; but in general the disease observed a regular and favourable crisis abott the ninth day. I will now clear up one «reat mistake which the generality of my countrymen fall into. They generally confound three places by the name of St. John. This was the old name of the jnsular province we have been discoursing about. The largest city of New-Brunswick is also called St. John and so is the metropolis of Newfoundland ; and it was this last place which was consumed by fire and its inhabitants were aftewards saved from famine by the peo- pie ot Boston and citizens of New- York. We now pass-to the island of Cape Breton. Thi< is only about 20 leagues from Prince Edward and is about two thirds as large. It was a continual bone of conten- tion between the English and Frcncb- until Louisbour^ the okl meTropolis, was finally taken by Amherst, Wo!f and, Boscawen, and according to treaty, the town and lortificatjons were dismantled and the latter blown up. When I visited Louisbourg, I found some i j ains still worth the -traveller's attention. The walls are almost entire ana suiHciently broad for a coach to drive on the top- About a dozen fisherman's huts stand within their precincts. The bomb proofs yet remain impensbable, and are like to continue for ages as durable proofs of the ingenuity of French artists and engineers. A part of the light house is also left, and 1 found sergeant Mugridge ahve who had been with the assailants and still reside* in the town, in the 90th, year of hi* age ; and Mr. Pierce Kennedy; a sensible, well informed man, who settled tnere ten vears aftpr thp. a!o«a tk;^ - ii panied me over the g ound and gave me abundance of accmte itifortuation. Dx. liobertsofl lias giveo a verjp: ^vas .bout a v ilc and a »»»'f '" '•^\»,^ ,ti,ui ,n.i wacl.ke. and the wbc.le town «''7^^^'^y,,S,, from old Franco The 3»rri8on cons..ted ol 70J) ^egu^ ^^^^^^^^.^ ^^j ,^^ and were commanded by u e ^^^^.^ ^.^ij ,„ .^ French call it, S^^'^^^'^^^^.Tsh llwer where it is two ruption. It is built on f P^" f^ A;';^p3, church built of J., wide. The town l^^^^^^^P^^^^, ,,d Jail, a mnr- stone, a Roman cb^^P^K «<;';" "-^ ^^ ^^e MiUtary. .' .he ket house and extent ebarrckBt ^^ ^^^^^^ Governor of ^^^^ J^'^"^ ^* !,, ^ native of Cornwall,. there, was ^^^J^^^fr^tn ^xtX^^^^^^ ^"^^ ^'""''^ in England, o gentleman " ^^^^^ ^ i,,i i„ i.is general to those who sought »^'f P'^^'tX.cl^riti.hGovernr^ conduct very arbi.r.ry. WUc " "J* ^t tb«^^ ^y.ic and sur- From him I obtained license opract.c^^^^ invitation. gery, and before I |ff» ^»'«/t joSe w.th the General ?.hich the chaplain brough " ^' »^ ';; ^^d ; nor am I any and officers of his staft, 7^^:;^^.3"^,'b,n Dr. Franklin,who more to blame for mcntiomn-'' ^^ Governor. ..cords a similar .nv.tat^.oniro^.^ a^^^^.^^^ ^^^^^ ,,0 Sydney is a handsome to^^n an bouses. , , „ on 4hp Island called Main a Dicu, There is «n°f Vprf^herrnen^rhuts and a store ow.^ed consisting of about ^0 f^^herrnen ,^,j^^ ,, by Mr. Bowen, a jf:^!,,,,t round the harbour and^has built in the form of a c csccni r ^^^^^ ^^^ ,^^ ^^,. .^either ox nor lu>r«e ^^^Jongmg m , ,^.^^^ ^^ench are nu^ erns on the island of ^^P« ';':^ ^aw, St. Peters, kc and onerous on this island at Nana ha > ^^^^^^^.^^^ ,^^^ ^^^j the Scotch dwell onth^ horde ^ ^^j j^^ The mwn ., upply the town of Sydney w.tbv^^^^^ ^.^^^ j.,^ of Sydney is said <« be^ust ^.^^^^^^ ^^^^^ j ^^.^ Some years ago «,^"*^;' ^f " v Jrnment of this Island, a« M a warm contest about ^he ^^^^^^P, Governor. However was doubtfuV which was .^he !awi«' ^^ ^,^,tained TArmv taking part wUh G'^n^^':^^,'^^-^!',,. Mr. Causet. the "victory ^ It ««;»^7^^^"^^,;T>orpar't with (General . . a- w.rthy Episcopal cierg^m^^^^^^^^ Desga,U com^ jat it Lived :liUe. paiiCO d iho to lie )i the ^stho n COT' is two )uilt of a ni:ir- The isidin^ rnwall, lie lid I y i;encral vtirn! ♦"8. lud sur- rilation, General 11 I any Llin,who ovemor. out 200 I a DieU, v owned town is r and has re no lav- h are nu- &ic. and lake and The Hnvn , Ilalifajc. jspard had land, an it However le obtained Ir. Causet, ;li General sgaid com- lulled him to leave the Island. He retired to Yarmouth in Nova-Scotia, where he lived beloved and died lamen- od, both by his pres'Jnt and former parishioners. He had been the most popular man on the Island of Cape Breton, had been a father to his flock, and brought up aa unblemished and irreproachable family, -w i- The winters on this Island are long and severe. I have seen the harbour at Sydney full of jammed ice blown in from the gulf about the tenth day of May, so as to ad- mit of crossing on it. But the land is good and abounds with game, and moose deer are to be found in plenty, the largest deer in the world. There is likewise a prodigious nutnber of wild animals and fish and fowl. The only legislature on this Island, (if it may be called a legisla- ture) consists of a Governor and Council ; and a certain celebrated writer of plays and romances is, if living, Chief Justice of the Island. He acknowledged to me that ho wrote the Novel called " The curse of tenti- ment.*' This author's name is Dodd. I now pass over to Nova-Scotia. Halifax is the me- tropolis of this province and contains generj^lly ^bout 10,000 inhabitants, including the military. It ha«, two Episcopal churches, a Roman chapel, a Methodist church, a Presbyterian church, a Secede meeting house, a Bap- tist ditto, and oue person of th respectable society of Friends. His name is Crawford. It has also an alms- house, a navy hospital, a government house bulU|of stone, where his Excellency resides, and a famous navy yard, enclosed with a high wall. It has also an academy, a court house and jail, and market house. Shelburn h the next town in size, but is rapidly on the decline. Annapolis i^ a small nominal city without mayor or charter. It has one Episcopal church, a Methodist chapel and .a Baptist meeting house. It possesses a fine capacious harbour and strong works and fort fications, with a foreign engineer, but is incapable of any great defence, beuii; surrounded by heights which are unfortified. The' access to this town is through a narrow gut commencing at Digby, which is« town about the same size as Annap". olis. Aa Epijcopal chuich and Court house are the onlv i»ublic buildings, and Disrby is open to an invading ene'- my, having no fortifications It is 16 miles from Annap- oils and 150 from Halifax. Windsor is 46 miles from Halifax aod is a small handsome town: and uere is a m Cjllege, called King'^s College, which makes a handsome appearance. The only degrees conferred in it are those of Bachelor and Master of arts ; for the number of stu- dents is so small that I have known one single person only to graduate at a commenceiaent. So that tlie leg- islature, a (ew years ago, found it necessary to erect grammar schools throughout the Province, from whence the college might be continually recruited. The neigh- bourhood of Windsor c'^ntains vast quarries of plaster of Paris, from whence it is wafted to the United States. Truro ia a small and growing town, 56 mile from Hal- ifax. Pictou is a /iourishing settlement somewhat more Ihaii a hundred miles from Halifax. Here are about 3000 families of industrious Scotch, and all of the Seceder re- ligion. This is the grandest nursery ofPresbyterianism in British America. It may be called a collegiate set- tlement for they have three ministers, three academies and three settlements — East river, Middle river and West river, and these three congregations are like one great family. Here young people are educated and ordained for the ministry, and here the lands are better cultivated and yield more than in any other part of the Province. Such sins as sabbath breaking and slander do not find encouragement here, for their ministers tell them from the pulpit ^^ Brethren speak not exul one of another J* ^ Here every family offers up morning and evening adoration to God, and devotes the whole sabbath to religious duties, and they assemble in small societies for prayer several times in the week. Pictou is on the gulf ofSt.Law-- reuce. Fort Cumberland is in Cumberland County and is de- signed to frustrate an invasion both from the gulf of St. Lawrence and the Bay of Fundy. Of all the re- ligious societies in Nova-Scotia, those people called New Lights seem to have spread the most. They seem to have originated wilh a Mr. Henry Allen, who appears to have been a good man and may be said to have died a martyr to his zeal ; for he exhausted himself by his religions exertions. But the New Lij^jts have departed from the doctrines of Mr. Allen, and profess the same principles with the Baptists of the United States. There are about 1600 families of the Methodist society in Nova-?- Scotia, several thousand Roman CathoIic3, about twenty %milies of the society of Friends, and about twenty mii^ 11 irer6 of the estabHshfd church. The legislature consists ol a Cjovernor and Council and House of Kepresentativcs who are elected by freeholders for the term of seven year.« Kut the Governor can dissolve the house whenever he thinks proper, and order a new election, and he frequent- ly makes use of this prerogative when they do not vote as he wish-s. The wild animals of Nova-Scotia are nioose-deer, carribooes, beavers, otters, sables, squir- rils, rabbits, wo»!chucks, racoons, weasels, minks, musk- rats, wolves, loxes and bears, the last of which are so numerous as to render it sometimes dangerous travelling. Ot wild fo;?l there are geese, brant, ducks, pigeons, partridges, pfovers, and a great variety of hawk* and owJs ; also snipes, woodcocks, cranes and biUerns i here are two kinds of partridges, one about *the size ol tlie domestic poultry, and the other is the spruce nart- ridge about the size of a pigeon. The partridges of both kinds are the most tame, innocent and unsuspectine l>rrd3 I ever knew. They will suffer you to form a noosi with your bat band, and when you have put it on the end of a stick to inveigle their heads and in this manner to U^e a whole covey of them, which is freqoentli^ practised by the natives. This is so well known to the inhabitants of that country that 1 have -thousands of Irv. ing evidences to the fac?. The land of Nova-Scotia is not so bad as the cKmate. ihe frost bsgms early and the snow lasts till the besih* nmg of May. There are vast and stupendous forests of limber in this Province, and they call their woods bv two names, iiard wood and soft. In the first class thev place sugar maple, beach, birch, ^-c. In the last (heV put spruce, cedar, fir, hemlock. &c Tn the waters ther have salmon, mackarel, halibut, cod, bass, herrings, eaB^. peroes, trout, flounders, silverperch,suckers, eels, lobsters and clams. ' Thore are only two parishes which produce much Iruit.I^Iorton and Cornwal.lis ; but wild strawberries and raspberries abound throughout tho Province. Halifax IS the strongest town, and across the harbour i« D-»- mouth. Hahlr.x is capable of a stout defence but not against a formidable fleet. I now pnss to New-brunswick. This Province is much beliind Nova-Scotia m improvement, but is ereativ -u- penor to it in the quality of the laiid and the ease wUii 12 which it can he obtained. The largest town in this pro- vince is St. John, situated near the mouth of the river of the same name and is a place of no great strength. It contains about 6000 people, including the military. The light house stands on Partridge island, within a mile of the city, which is separated from Digbj and Annap- olis by the Bay of Fundy. The distance from St. John to Digby is 40 miles. r>m> hundred miles above the city of .St. John, stands Fre^ttricton, called also St. Ann's, which is so frequently mistaken by our Geographers for another town ; but St. Ann's is only another nau)e for Fredericton, which is the njetropolis of the province. It being the place where the Governor resides and where the legislature meet. Sixty milci above Fredericton is the garrison of Pres- quile and still higher up is another at the grand Falls of St. John. Here the whole bulk of the river, which is wide- st tliis place precipitates itself over the rocks 66 feet per- pendicular, causing every adjacent rock, on which spec- tators niay stand, to tremble wiib the shock of so dread- ful a weight. In beholdirtg these roaring. cataracts I was penetrated .with the most serious emotions concerning the great and wonderful Being who had formed them, and felt a sincere desire to prostrate my 5elf in tijc dust of the earth to acknowledge my own nothingness before him and pour out the publican's prayer of God be merciful tQ me a sinner. It likewise occurred to my mind what an alarming scene would one day present itself when in- stead ofa deluge of water, cataracts of liquid fire .would he poured ly the same omnipotent arm upon an astonish, cd world. Frederlclon.though the seat of ^vcrnmcnt.is but a small town, and ihe head cf sloop navigation. A steam boat plies between St Tohn and Fredericton. There is a col- lege at Fredericton and a number of handsome public buildings; and about five hundred regulars are generally stationed there. 7 be Fcttlement of Mcrimacbce, I'as bad a most rapid incrcaEe. In the year IG15 there came SOCO pertcns into it from the state of Ainssncbi!?eilfi= But these re- publican? cniy c:in.e to jcjcum anu to cut luntin.bcr. be- cause tbose who think prcper to hire for that purpose re- ceive thirty (luilars per month in speeie, besides being foun^l in provisions. The Bpiv cf Chaleur is another thriving rctt'emcnt and Join? Merimachce, and is inhabited by^ 13 in this pro- f the river t strength. 5 military. hin a mile nd Annap- n St. John ihn, stands frequently D ; but St. , which is lace where e meet, m of Pres- Falls of St. ch is wide' 5 feet per- bich spec- so dread- acts I was erning the hem, and iust of the lefore him e merciful nind what when in- 5re would astonish- ut a small team boat 2 is a col- le public generally 0£t rapid persons •"•*■■—"• It *.- - n.ler, bc- irpose re- ing foun^'. r thriving bi.tcd by t^rench (/'alholics on one siSd and Scotch Seceders on the other. . The town of St. Andrews is a handsome frontier town on the river St. Croix, alias Sehoodak. I will here take no- tice of something a little singular. The town is called Si. Andrews, the church St. Andrews and the Rev. Mr. AndrewiS from Wallingsford in Connecticut, is of was lately the minister. This town is just 400 miles from Boston and three from Robbings town in the district of Maine. The Americans have a town 80 miles above Freder- icton, and ten from the river St. John. It is called Hoi- ton town and contains 50 families. It lies in the Dis- trict oF Maine, five miles from the Province of New- Bninswick. All the interaiediate space between Holton ipwn and Penobscot is a dreSry desert of some hundred miles, through which the citizens of Holton have to pa^s to Cas4ine to attend Court, and through the same desert the New-England people urge droves of oxen and sell them to the British settlers, and pedlars from Massachu- setts 'find their way with forbidden articles at the risque 4}f loosing all. Wild animals abound more in the Province of New- Brunswick than in Nova-Scotia, and fish and fowl and oysters are in great plenty. The land is excellent and j^very heavily timbered. But the frost sets in early and ike springs are very backward. 1 he prevailing sect in this Province are the New Lights, and they have now got several of their members into the legislature f but there are several congregations of Methodists, and along the fiver St Croix the Rev. Mr. M'Coll, a truly worthy and excellent man, attends six congregations of Metho- 1 dists. 'k here are also great numbers'of French Catholics a«d fifteen or sixteen ministers of the established church in the Province. 3 fcere are also about fifty families of Friends, in this Province, and one or two congregations ef Seceders. In all the Provinces which I have been hitherto speak- ing of, there are considerable numbers of Indians, who Ikie by hunting and fishing and making very handsome \^r l-kAC V^^f O .>*1^<,> 'I 1 also make very beautiful canoes of birch bark and lined w:th cfdar, which will carry five or six men with safety and yti do not weigh more than three or four hundred Jjounds. Those Indians are all Roma. Pmk ,• arefoalloppearance ir, lime of Se \ h t^^^^^^^^ ^"^ pie and ver;. hospitable, i heyB^%]t ^^ T P^°* and ihe Cafholic priests havp an Lr • ? ^^"""^ ^«^o"f. 'i^e British Indian^ IheTriH h "n^ ' ""^' ^^^'•^" ^'enerous to them and a Zti.Tnt ^T'''"'^''' '' J"^^ and ^iiis 're.speGt.-.rnd i hTe Inn '^^^ *° ^" ''"'^^^ed in t"her necessaries to be distiih.,*^ i ^^"^^^ O' nour and Sussex Vale, one of the most eaut'^lnl ^ ^' -nee. and 40 miles iromTbe^'i^;" ' t^'j^^;; ' V'\^- a college, where they are clothed f.H J ' ^"^^ ^^^'^ t'^e expence of the Lt fut^n IdlhA ^^"^«^«^ «t »inces I must mako some general remarks. ^ " Wild fruits of .ha.isla„7,h'e Mafptr'i^mor m^ 't" a^bir ' rtAi'if fe^' i-V-' v-Tsr iJ^e maintenLice of ite^'owrpVoranrl^LT. i;"''' *'''' nu^iiy «« «« «.ad, for evor, ^J. S^X S^ iiollcs, and inn less peo- ery devout, •ce overall is just and imitated in I Governor ' flour and ;ra tis. At n the Pro- tbey have located at nts of the fae neigh - ^it them, >f all the and their scarcely ' story oi I enter- Jeavour, dif^jiut© - iher the inform ave nor e them, ' them ; (. hough t ell ill, 9, that . uiiari- IPro- 'rince ig the nark- if the meut ider* , but ran* ide§ 15 what they gel from the people, have considerable sala- ries from the Provincial treasury, and from England. Yep, he society tutors have glebe lands and houses, but arc not exempted from militia duty, but by courtesy. There is no paper ^mouey in the Provmres, except treasury bills which draw interest, (and a Bank has juat been established, !813 in Montreal,) but there is a free circulation of gold and silver ; nor do I recjllect to have ever seen but one instance of a counterfeit coin in Brit- ish America, tha dread of the gallows operating as a sufficient check ; and larceny and burglary are almost ns rare, exceptin the sea ports. The Provincial Treasu- ries are ifilled bv duties en tavern licenses, duties on marriage ditto, &c. &e. The established ctergy have salaries' from England; nor are they the only clergy who f xperience the munificence of the parent country. Some iiKlividuais among the Catholic and other clergy have irequenlly the same liberality bestowed on them when they have been approved of for eminent utility. The Provrncial women are exlrepjely beautiful, and it may be often sakl with propriety^' ?#M»tt » ^"*lfefe ToVe the traveller holds, loth to depart '^'' J^ome charinins: creature stays Ms wandering heart, v^ Huh him forget from clime to clime to rove «il And frigid prudence here eubmiti to love. But althotigh I am willing to give the Provinces their due, yet 1 would be sorry to lead any of my countrymen into a mistake, for there can be no just comparison be- tween the British Provinces and the American Stales the superiority is altogether on the-side of the States, and, notwithstanding all that can be truly said in favour of the Provinces and their government, they compose a poor, distressc-rt and starved country, in comparison with the United States. The' prices of commodities are very dear in the Pro- vincei?. On the Island of Prince Edward every article is excessively bigh. On the Island of Cape Breton the price of a baker's loaf would purchace three such leave sin Provic'cnce, with change. — In time of scarcity 1 have I .,.r..vj^. ™heat to be four dollars per bushel in some parts of Nova-Scotia and New-Brunswick, and Indian corn thrre dollars and a half. Flour has been twenty dollars barrel, and bnv sixty dollars per Ion in Halifax. The pc ^)r ice for keeping a bcrse for one night has been a dollnr 16 and a hall S4™VaVl&''-^-,|-i-»%-..' , ,, ,- - Ijair, and wiJars i jbutter half more in Halifax doJJar, for three ; a gooso for tw ":""•"* ""i»cr aa 1 a do Jar f.»„o r »-»""-». lui mo given by the officers oft eLnf. a' ^'"^•' ^"^ ^ ^^^^> quarter of a dollar ; and a! fo. ml r ^""^P^^'« <^'^eese one which Ihey are in Provfdence 1 "''^^""^f^ 'J^e price ^viJh respect to govermenrLK '" ^^^v-York. And endearing name ^-aTCrict >V ''°">^ '''^'"^' •'>« je. .ouhj .alee a .ise^Wglr ^^^ '^'^^ ^^ ^ -^- a short or long residence ab^LT'^Ji"/ government, ^7C3 10 the Wessed and hannt '. "''"•'^ -^"^'^^ ^P^« ^^^ native country and cZtuT^ ^"perionty of his on-n United States of Xela":"' ^""^ '" ^^^^ "^ y, takimr a I Hte leave of tnr hostfssv with my pl^vlsV iviLoa.my'bacic, I cooamenced my pedesUian journey, ofc' r 18 I 60 n>ilc« through a feaiful I ise, and reached the (Jesfjt and over i\J(,tii)t P 111 nior.i village of St Audi ore beauli/ui toun of JC ,S^ rr , •r''' ""^' "^ 0-k.v) on the srWn " ^"^'' (l'^--^-ed ara- e iiir J- la- old I- fance and Ihf -f^' liiis place it is . 'f!;'^'^''ate of this place is from nihab.tanls are very hospitable I'^.r •somewhat more than lOo rn le to O, ^ • i -'•oad. There are manv / ?,T m?'''' " '"' ^ ^^'"«"^^ Lo.ver Canadafand^Rrtd'"'"'''"-'^ ^i^ruu.ho.t spoken; but the to vn of St ^ I "^"' f *^*'^'^ »^i^<^'^ in Lower Canadi lWdiseti;VeisaniHar"o/''' ««f ^'^*^ M of Mount Nevv-Brunswickan'd Lower"LnL"" 'r'^'' '''^^'^^- ti-avelieis through the dese,^ ha ' i " ^^''^^ P'''^'' »^^^ tj:ale their names. Here I reaStf ""^"^^'"^^.^ ''^ Perpe- Frevost and a XBrwil^r T ^^'"^ "^"'^« ^^ Si'' CJeor.^o and am informed thfstr fv'' '''''"f" of dis,inctic?i' London, attributed h hlmZf: r 'H' '^'''^' '^^^' ''> tWgh the desert i"m Low^CaV^^^^^ ;vick 10 the accompJishin.of wSch ? ^^'^-^rum^ I'^« ^'* aiched ceilings. 1 he vv.S^^^^^^^^ ^^om the ed >vax taper! of unro^tonTe^^rrre ^u^oe'nd^T"''?'^^- vehicies ; and the altars are covered wfitf^f''^ ? ^las. ornaments ; and above ail J« o . ^t • ^"^'^ ^"'^ silver Christ on be ci^ss T ''^P^^'^^^'c representation of rich and gajdy and"th Jr ' ''""'"^'^ "*" ^'^^ P^^^^^s a,^ ..icIerabJe eCu'ence ''""°"^ "'"^ ^^'"'^^^^ "'ith cou- cull': go?d^;Slr ^^^^ / '^''^^-^ --^ -^-e in. a sermot whir 1 L. fr ' 'f "^^ ^"^ *=^» ^o mind er Burke, an rll prfe; and"^'^ '^ "^''^^-^' '^^ ^''^^h- provinces, from t^ cllirof 1?"^.' °^ ^'^ ^^i'^sh \he iich man a„d «he be.aar^ L j ' "' ^'^"^^rning the pffi.rf r.f iut. J.. "^§Sar , but I was aonv tn spp ih.. poor irisicoiir^^s^'^'T^r'"^ ''"p°^'^^°" "p^ 'S; r n^wgaticij, fyy ^ybcq we came out of the 19 ^h^m Fara- aml the /hr ^^i^iiceU Ka- ice and llin piaco jt is ^' a fajnoutj tliroughout eiy vvhcic I'iies ficm Canada, 0^ Mount y between ' pillar the tu pcrpe- ^ir Geor^o islinciion, li Ijcd, in '1 journey w-Uruns- ' cc'itaiu ^'^tju meet s tlie Jifc f Komaij Diiniorous a iJi;;lie a cjes ot from the res,liglit- I in glass lid silver atioQ of iests are 'itll CQU- here in- to mind y I'ath- British cernin^ "'at 5on this of Ikt fhapel tUe^ avenue n as lined with beggars, on whom these ilnis. U] 1 stowed luund ihat the Irish Catholics were taxed as high to sup- port thu alms houhc as the Protettauts, and that all these be;;"aro did not, bclon- to tUair congregation; but thariei^gars of all denominations made the Roman chapel a rendezvous for assking alms. Alter leaving the town of St. 'I homas you have only ao miles to reach Point Levi, which is opposite to Que- bec. Here the ferry is two miles wide. Large num- bers of live cattle arc ferried over lo be slaughtered ni the city. They are tied by the horns to the sides of the boat from one end to the other, and children whipping them the whole time, to make them swim, so a» they may work thtir passage and uotjetard the boat, wbich- is filled with passengers. - * * '' Quebec is not so large as I expected, but perhaps con- tains 16000 inhabitants, including the military, i he castle, of St. Lewis, situated on Cape Diamond, makes a- handsome appearance from the water, and is the winter residence of the Governor, but in summer he retires to Sorrel, as Quebec is generally sickly at that season. SU John's street, is the handsomest street, in Quebec, and in this street is a statue of General Wolfe, as large as the life, and in this city, my countrymen well know, th» brave and dauntless General Montgomery fell. Tb6 • Metropolitan church is a fme building, and there are also several Protestant churches, with liospitals, con» vents, &c. 1 hree Fiivers is another handsome town, and when I came through this place there were two men in it who could almost match old Parr and Jenkins, for longevity. They had been in the battle of Preston Pans, and had fought on opposite sides with Prince Charles the preten- der, and William Duke of Cumberland at CuUoden. Montreal is nearly as large as Quebec, and here I had the pleasure of seeing great numbers of Americans wha received me with great cordiality, which was the more •rrateful as 1 was at this time labouring under inveterate sickness. The French throughout Lower Canada have * c « I...* *Ua<- <.iT>n1nv Bn mitr.h nf iheir time, rlmost every day, in their churches, and keep such a number ot holidays, that it is surprising how they get- any time to cultivate their laads. '^ here U scarcely any sucb thin& 30 as cbeeie or huitM ;« t^ sesse. no other delence', bu ar'oTr'"' '^^"^'•^•'•' Po - and. ^' ''"' »'3t ot bcog on an Isl. Berthierisahnndsome to,vn fl,^ a ♦ Upper Can-icJa. i„ corning fZMmLr' T ^^^^'^ '" Sorrel. 'J be town of ,h^ S./, ?k''','"^ ^ ""'«« ^on. to where the F,vnch had a church • fr ?* ''^" * ^"^'"'^ Canada. Here the St rM. ^".' ^*"s too is i,, [/„„_. fetch Romi ChoScf tS';;'''' ,"'" '"^ ^'S^^'- a cr* ' ^* ^^^-^^^ here he e d ». j '^r' ''' ^'"'^^ '" Covmgton fell. F^a^Uy I re.^Ld i ^« '?''^^ ^'"^'^^^ ofPi^scotand crossed^ to'oXin' ^^''"'.^'^ g^"'soa New-ltork, rejoiced to set mv^rir^' "> ^^e sf.te o te'Jn yoare. " ^^^" ^^^ent m«re ({,an ^jj.^. l^^^S"''^^^;;:^ 1;} ;je P.v;„ces i. „ot .^ 1 bare described, are 'r^al ;„, ' ' "" ^^' '>Iace^ of the United StatW fS f^^^Jr '^ '*'« P^^vjjcians i^c^: are to be excepted. The vfh '?' ^"'^'' '^"^ ^o'ne v-s'tor of the Province; It nr/.d ^i ^''Y '^ * '"'■^l^^nt Wakefield, in Ve^.-Brunst cTt t?^^'^ ^ "^-^^ of '-always ..ors6 ,•„ ^old weVS, t? '"^ ^^'^' ^"^ nother coinmon disease theTe ^^ 'lyseniepy it a- ^ ' ne plant known ht^re hi, th common in New-liruns nick «n i"^^ °^ '''>^'«'>^ -7. -V ., not the san,e as the w r/gL^.r^r ''^°"^' '^"^ ^ ' ^* to beware of this mistake ^Tfe ' P^ ''"*'^" Ph.vsicians n Pennsylvania. A youn. Wv h^^'f"'^^ '« ^"""^'on 'n the state of New- York "^.ii^,^^'/''^ "'^'"^ ^'f Ccofo Since cured of a .^ncer bv drink frJ-' ''''", ^'^'^ ""^ ^^^n" pouUrclncrw-itbthe leaves' and h^'.- "l" ^"'^^^'*''>" «"^ omake it known to the 1 >,fe %r ^'''"^"'^^*^^^ "><^ »t grotv^ inConnecticit i ' ' ^V '«^^"« <» th-nif ^» soon after wiib voun. ^ato. r , ''^^''^' «"d Tallin^ buds when full of balsom, and put them in a bottler of diluted spirits, and drink it everj morning for bitters. The inner bark of the root of strufnonium or stink weed in the U. S. is dried and used for smoking in Asth- m.T as a palliative, 'i'be inner bark of the fir tree, ^o common there.) is scraped into milk and siramercd over embei«,for a poultice in cancers and ail aggravated sores. The Sarsaparilla is common in the Provinces and Dulcc is common on the sea coast, which is a submarine v^- etable and excellent for worms. The Hypericum or St. John's wort is used as a spt-cific on the island of Cape B 'eton for Scrophula or Kind's evil. Vaccine Innocula- lion has been much practised in the Provinces by the rest ■• of the Faculty as well as by myself. ^s I hear of frequent instances of the fatality of coughs an J consumptions, i will mention a palliative common iv the Provinces. ^ Take the root of Elecampane, cut it in small piece* and stew it down with brown sugar and water irt*^ syr- up, which let the patient take— In ihe U. S. weT)oiI 5 quarts of water, with one pound of the roots df skunk cabbage down to one quart, then stir in a pint of honey and one quart of brandy and use three wine glasser a day for an adult. ' , . I will finish with a caustic for cancers. I reveal this to the public because I wish to do goo J. Take a pint of the juice of poke root, one pound of fresh butter, and halt a pint of levigated or finely pulverized gun powder, stir, them all together, and hold them in a frying pan over the fire until they become brown, but not until they explode. then put it away in gaily pots or jars with a little spirits on the top to prevent moulding. Spread it on a rag and apply it over the tumor: 4t will ulcerate and eradicate it in a short time, but let no young person make this, hut an old careful person^ for fear of accident by the gun ^%1f5;»f ABRAHAM PRYOn. Providence, June 1, 1319. %L :.? l;lii#»*!5|Btt^' Jo», S. Cooke »c- alter K: Uan/brth,e»a Joseph L. Tillfnpha" , e?Q Dexter Randall, esq: ' ^' mr: rhomas F: Carpenter mr: Joseph L: Shaw; ^ mr: Peleg Williams. ",'= Jil''*''mL:rield. mr: W,]i,a,n Jenijjn mr: W: Aidrich, ' mr:G:ft:A:Olney, mr: Oloey Djer mr: Jo.fpl, Ashfe V Dr; John H: Mason, mr: iV: iVor.hup, ' mr: II, Beverly, mr:Ga*kil| tiu/rum, mr: G: G: Gladding' 'nr: iJ^ Hiilhp*, ' ■c^^ liif: fi eni > m ')ji t-t(» ..fd Harwooil, *»-*i»i > 23 nereus and denct. iber, 6iq. i inr: Wiiliaui Pabodic. inr; William H: Sbackterord, u\f Suinm-I '!jorlon AroulJ, inr; .'tmathttn French, iiieosT^: Snow -t Wardwrll, uir: George Arnold, lar: Thomas L: Crnpon, ttir: Jainei &ROW, juQ. Hcv: James Wilson, mr; John L: Bnow, mr: Ebcnezer S: Day, >iir: Thomns Clark, lur: I'hilip Potter, uir: Theodore Tajlo , liir. Jarod Ci/rii*, 'nr: Dan; G'^'ilil. inr: Enoch otcj.e, nir: Charles Potler, nir: Stephen S: Ward well, mr: John A: Darling; mr: Charles Dyer, rar: Joseph Anthony, mr: Cyrus Barker, mr: 6eth.Butts, jun. mr: Henry Bailey, mr: Henry P: Franklu, mr: Russell Greene, mr: Benjamin ilibbard, mr: ticonard Waldrun, mr: John Tyler, mr: John F: Hall, tnr: Henry Bricklcy, mr: D: C: Chapin, mr: Stephen C: Smith, mr: Jacob B: Thurber, mr: Samuel Rawson, mr: Nicholas Peters, mr: Joseph Fuller, mr: Avery Allen, mr: D: Kobertjon, mr* Pardon CV:\rke, n\i\ Christy roVf^r, > Amasa Aiauton, mr: Mosea Healy, mr. George Hail, )nr: Daniel Cobb, mr: Samuel R. Rice, mr. Ulysses Holden, maj: N: S: Draper, mr. James iJurnU, mr: Welcome Corg'Jon,