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 1 
 
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/'^ 
 
 U0 
 
 ua 
 
 \ia 
 
 \%o 
 
 a 
 
 T O 
 
 Nem Holland, &c. 
 
 In the Year, 1699. 
 
 Wherein are defcribed, 
 
 The 0;?4r;-Iflands , the Ifles of Mayo and 
 St. Jago, The Bay of All Saints^ with the 
 Forts and Town of BMa in BrafiL Cape 
 Salv adore. The Winds on the BrafiUan 
 Coaft. ^ir^W(?.Shoals. A Table of all the 
 Variations obfervM in this Voyage. Oc- 
 currences near the Cape of Good Hope, 
 * The Courfe to Nerv Holland, Shnrk\ Bay. 
 The Ifles and Coaft, &c. of New Holland. 
 
 Their Inhabitants, Manners, Culloms, Trade, &c, 
 Th '- Harbours, Soil, Bealts, Birds, Fifh, C^t: 
 Trees, Plants, Fruits, &c, 
 
 Illnflrated with fevcralMaps and Draughts^ alfo^ 
 divers Birds, Fifhes, and Plants, not found in 
 this part of the World, Curioully Ingrayen on 
 Conper-Plates. 
 
 VOL. III. 
 
 Jiitmm 
 
 By Captain I4^illiam Damper, 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 f^rinted for James Knapton^ at the Crown in St. PauVs 
 
 Church-yard, 1703. 
 
 -f-'\ t-t; 7^ 
 
 ■-r^ 
 
 ..1;^ 
 
 '-*■ i!' 
 
 
 
 "^^m %" 
 
 -^ 
 
 .f"" ȣ,?-; 
 
 ""1>a^^ fe 
 
L( 
 
 the 
 fide 
 
\ > 
 
 To the Right Honourable 
 
 THOMAS 
 
 EAvloi PEMBROKE- 
 
 Lord Prefident of Her Ma;c- 
 fty's Moft Honourable Pri- 
 vy-Council, i&'C. 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 ^ m '\HE Honour I had of 
 
 ■ being employ d in the 
 
 m Service of hif late 
 
 Majejly of lUuftrious Memory ^di 
 
 the time xphenTour Lordjhip pre-: 
 
 fided at the Adniitalty^ ghief nie 
 
 1 
 
 A ^ 
 
 fife 
 
 .. 
 
 1 
 
DEDICATION. 
 
 the Boldnefs to ask Tour Frote- 
 BiQii of the follomng Pap erf 
 J bey confiji of fame Remarks 
 made upon very dijiant Climates^ 
 which I jhould have the vanity 
 to think altogether new^ could I 
 perfmde my felfthey had efcafd 
 Tour Lordfhip's Knonpledge. 
 Hpn>'ever 1 have been fo cautious 
 of puhlifhing any thing in my 
 "n>hole Book that is generally 
 known^ that I have denyd my 
 felf the plea fur e of paying the 
 due Honours to Tour Lorajhip's 
 Nam e in the Dedication. I am 
 ajhamd^ my Lord^ to ofer Ton 
 fo imperfeU a Prefent^ having 
 not time tofet down all the Me- 
 tnpi^^oftny laji Voyage : But as 
 the partictdar Service I have mm 
 mderiakek^ hinders the from fr 
 
 nijhing 
 
 \ 
 
% 
 
 tpy 
 am 
 
 nng 
 
 \t as 
 
 fi- 
 
 h. 
 
 DEDICATION. 
 
 77' fhing this Volume , fa I hope it 
 will give me an opportunity of 
 faying my Refpe&s to Tonr Lordr 
 jhip in a new one. ^-^^ 
 
 The World is apt to judge of 
 every thing by the Succefs; and 
 Tphoever has ill Fortune will 
 hardly be allow d a good Name. 
 This^ my Lord^ was my Unhap- 
 pinefs in my late Expedition 
 in the Roe-Buck ^ which 
 founder d thro perfeB Age near 
 the IJlandofACcmCion. Ifuferd 
 extreamly in my Reputation by 
 that Misfortune ^ tho 1 comfort 
 my f elf with the Thoughts^ that 
 my Enemies coud not charge any 
 NegleB upon me. And fince I 
 have the Honour to be acquitted 
 by your Lordjhip' s Judgment I 
 jhouldbe very humble not to value 
 
 A 5 my 
 
 1 
 
 J 
 
DEDICATION. 
 
 my felfupon fo compleat a Vindi- 
 cation. Thfs, and a World cf 
 other Favour!^ which I have 
 been fo happy as to receive from 
 Tour Lordjhifs Goodnefsy do en- 
 gage me to be with an everlajiing 
 M.efpe&, 
 
 * » 
 
 \ 
 
 My Lord, 
 
 Your Lordfliip's 
 Moft Faithful and 
 Obedient Servant. 
 
 fVill, Damper, 
 
 THE 
 
 P 
 
 i 
 

 indu 
 
 have 
 from 
 
 fiing 
 
 Mh^Oi 
 
 It 
 
 pier. 
 
 THE 
 
 PREFACE 
 
 TH E favourable Receptioif 
 my two former Vohimes of 
 Voyages and Defer jptio^sh2tye2L\rc2idy 
 met with in the World^ gives me 
 . Reafoli to hope^ That notwith- 
 
 \l ftanding the Objeftions whieh have 
 been raifcd ^gainft me by preju' 
 diced Perfons^ this Third Volnme 
 like wife may in fome mcafnre be 
 accepta^ble to Candid ant! Impar- 
 tial Readers^ who are curious to 
 know the Nature of the Inhabi- 
 tants^ Animals^ Plants^ Soil^ &'C. 
 in thofe diftaat Countries^, which 
 have either feldom or not at all 
 been vifited by any Enropeans. 
 
 HE 
 
 A4 
 
 It 
 
T'be Preface. 
 
 - It has almoft always been the 
 Fate of thofe who have made new 
 Difcoverics^ to be difefteeined and 
 flightly fpoken of^ by fuch as ei- 
 ther have had no true Relifli and 
 Value for the Things themfehes that 
 are difcovered^ or have had fome 
 Prejudice againft the Perfons by 
 ^^yhom the Difcoveries were made. 
 It would be vain therefore and un- 
 reafonable in me to expeft to cf- 
 cape the Cenfure of all^ ox to hope 
 for better Treatment than far 
 Worthier Perfons have met with 
 before me. But this Satisfaftion 
 I an^ fure of having^ that the 
 Things thmfehes in the Difcovery 
 of which I have been imployed, 
 are moft worthy of o x Dijigenteft 
 Search and Inquiry ^ being the 
 various and wonderful Works of 
 God in different Parts of the 
 World ; And however unfit a Per- 
 fon I may be in other rcfpeds to 
 have undertaken this Task^ yet 
 at leafl I have given a faithful Ac- 
 
 count. 
 
 ^\ 
 
 >i 
 
the 
 
 \ 
 
 The Preface. * - 
 
 county and have found fome Things 
 undifcovcrcd by any before^ and 
 which may at ieaft be fome Afllft-^ 
 ance a* d Direftion to better qua* 
 lified Perfons who fhall come after 
 
 me. 
 
 nr. 
 
 It has been Ob;eQ:cd againft ni^ 
 by fome^ that my Accounts and 
 Dcfcriptions of Things are dry and 
 jejune^ not filled with variety of 
 pleafant Matter^ to divert and gra- 
 tify the Curious Reader. How 
 far this is true^ I muft leave to the 
 World to judge. But if I have 
 been exaflly and ftriSly careful to 
 give only True Relations and Dc- 
 fcriptions of Things (as I am fure 
 I have 5) and if my Dcfcriptions 
 be fuch as may be of ufe not only 
 to my felf (which I have already 
 in good meafure experienced) but 
 alfo to others in future Voyages ; 
 and likewife to fuch Readers ac 
 home as are more defirous of a 
 Plain and Juft Account of the true 
 Nature and State of the Things 
 
 dc- 
 
■flSP"- 
 
 The Preface. 
 defer ibed^ than oif a Polite and 
 Rhetorical Narrative : I hope all 
 the Defers in my Stile^ will meet 
 with an eafy and ready Pardon. 
 
 Others have taxed me with bor- 
 rowing from other Men's Journals j 
 and with Infufficiericy^ as if I was 
 not my felf the Author of what I 
 write^ but publiflied Things di- 
 gefted and drawn up by others. 
 As to the firft Part of this Ob;e- 
 &\on^ I aflure the Reader, I have 
 taken nothing from any Man 
 without mentioning his Namc^ ex- 
 cept fome very few Relations and 
 particular Obfervations received 
 jfrom credible Perfons who defircd 
 not to be named ^ and thefe I have 
 always expresfly diftinguiflied in 
 my Books^ from what I relate as 
 of my own obferving. And as to 
 the latter •, I think it fo far from 
 being a Diminution to one of my 
 Education and Employment^ to 
 have what I write^ Revifed and 
 Correftcd by Friends ; that on the 
 
 «on- 
 
 ♦*."> 
 
i 
 
 ^ The Preface. 
 
 contrary^ the beft and moft emi- 
 nent Authors are not alhamcd to 
 own the fame Things and look 
 upon it as an Advantage. 
 
 Laftly^ I know there are fome 
 who are apt to flight my Accounts 
 and Defcriptions of Things^ as if 
 it was an eafie Matter and of little 
 or no Difficulty to do all that I 
 have done^ to vifit little more than 
 the Coafts of unknown Countries^ 
 and make fhort and imperfeft Ob- 
 icrvations of Things only near the 
 Shore. But whoever is experien- 
 ced in thefe Matters^ or confiders 
 Things impartially^ will be of a 
 very different Opinion. And any 
 one who is fenfible^ how back- 
 ward and refraftory the Seamen 
 are apt to be in long Voyages 
 when they know not whither they 
 arc goings how ignorant they are 
 of the Nature of the Winds and 
 the {hifting Seafons of the^ Mon- 
 foons, and how little even the Of- 
 ficcrs thcmfelves 
 
 generally 
 
 skilled 
 
Tj 
 
 The Preface. 
 
 skilled in the Variation of the 
 Needle and the life of the A2i- 
 muth Compafs , befides the Ha* 
 2ard of all outward Accidents in 
 ftrange and unknown Seas : Any- 
 one^ I fay^ who is fenfible of thefc 
 Difficulties, will be much more 
 pleafed at the Difcovcries and Ob* 
 iervations I have been able to 
 make^ than dilpleafed wi:h me 
 that I did not make nK>re. 
 
 Thus .nuch I thought ncceilary 
 to premife in my own Vindica- 
 tion^ againft the Objeftions that 
 have been made to my former Per- 
 formances. But not to trouble the 
 Reader any further with Matters 
 of this Nature ; what I have more 
 to OfFer^ ihall be only in relation 
 to the following Voyage. 
 
 For the better apprehending the 
 Courfe of this Voyage^ and the 
 Situation of the places mentioned 
 in it^ I have here^ as in the former 
 Volumes^ caufed a Map to be In- 
 
 a p^ick'd Line^ r^*- 
 prefenting 
 
 raven^ with 
 
The Preface. 
 
 prcfenting to the Eye the whole 
 Tliread of the Voyage at one 
 View ^ bcfides Draughts and Fi- 
 gures of particular Places^ to make 
 the Defcriptions I have given of 
 them more intelligible and ufe- 
 fuL 
 
 Moreover^ which I had not the 
 opportunity of doing in my for- 
 mer Voyages ^ having now had 
 in the Ship with me a Pcrfon 
 skiird in Drawing^ I have by this 
 means been enabled^ for the grea- 
 ter Satisfaftion of the Curious Rea- 
 der^ to prefcnt him with exafi: 
 Cuts and Figures of feveral of the 
 principal and moll remarkable of 
 thofe Birds^ Beafts^ Fifhes and 
 Plants^ which are defcribed in the 
 following Narrative , and alfo of 
 feveral^ which not being able to 
 give any better or fo good an Ac- 
 count of^ as by caufing theni to be 
 cxaftly Ingraven^ the Reader will 
 not find any further Defcription 
 of thcm^ but only thiit they were 
 . . V ' found 
 
■,*i 
 
 lljc Preface. 
 
 found in fuch or fuch particiiiJar 
 Countries. The Plants tliemfclves arc 
 in the Hands of the Ingenious Dr. 
 tVoodivarcI. I could have caufed ma- 
 ny others to be drawn in like man- 
 ner^ but that I rcfolved to confine 
 my Self to fuch only^ as had fome 
 very remarkable difference in the 
 fliape of their principal Parts from 
 any that arc found in Europe. I 
 have befides feveral Birds and 
 Fiflies ready draw^n^ which I 
 could not put into the prefent 
 Volume^ becaufc they were found 
 in Countries^ to the Defcripcion 
 whereof the following Narrative 
 does not reach. For^ being obli* 
 ?d to prepare for another Voy- 
 fooner than I at firft expe^- 
 have not been able to Con- 
 timic the cnfuing Narrative any 
 further than to my Departure from 
 the Coaft of Nev? Holland. But^ if 
 it pleafe God ^ that I return againr 
 fafc^ the Reader may cxpcft ^ 
 Continuation of this Voyage frofin 
 
 •'^'^% 
 
*•'■ 
 
 lon- 
 
 iny 
 \ota 
 if 
 [aint 
 
 rom 
 
 TJb^ Preface. 
 
 my departure tVom Nerw? Holland^ 
 till the foundring of my Ship near 
 the Ifland of A[cenjion. 
 
 In the mean time^ to make the 
 Narrative in fome meafure com- 
 pleat^ I fliall here add a Summary 
 Abftrafi: of that latter part of the 
 Voyage^ whereof I have not had 
 time to draw out of my Journals a 
 full and particular Account at 
 large. Departing therefore from 
 the Coaft of New? Holland in the be- 
 ginning of September^ 1^99. (for 
 the Reafons mentioned Page 1 54.) 
 we arrived at Timor ^ Sept. i 5. and 
 Anchored off that Ifland. On the 
 a 4th we obtained a fmall Supply 
 of frefli Water from the Governor 
 of a Dutch Fort and Factory there ; 
 we found alfo there a Portngmfe 
 Settlement ^ and were kindly 
 treated by them. On the 5 d of 
 December w^ arrived on the Coaft 
 of Nevp Guinea , where we found 
 good frefh Water^ and had Com- 
 merce with tht Inhabitants o£ a 
 
 certain 
 
 
 ■^-■ 
 
 
 f-- 
 
 *^ 
 
 ft 
 
 
 '<< '4 
 
 f 
 
 ■•4 
 
rt 
 
 t 
 
 ! i 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 The Preface. 
 
 certain Ifland caird Pido^Sahttti. 
 After which^ pafli.ng to the North- 
 ward^ we ranged along the Coaft 
 to the Eaftcrmoft part of "Nerp 
 Guinea , which I iound docs not 
 join to the main Land of "Ner^- 
 Guinea^ but is an Ifland as I have 
 defcribed it in my Map^ and calPd 
 it 'New Britain. 
 
 It is probable this Ifland may 
 afford many rich Commodities^ 
 and the Natives may be e^fily 
 brought to Commerce. But the 
 many Difficulties I at this time 
 met with^ the want of convenience 
 to clean my Ship^ the fcwneft of 
 my Men^ their defire to haficn 
 home^ and the danger of continu- 
 ing in thefe Circumflanccs in Seas 
 where the Shoals and Coafts were 
 utterly unknown, and mufl be 
 fearched out with much Caution 
 and length of time j hindred me 
 from profecuting any further at 
 prefent my intended Search. What 
 I have been able to do in this Mat* 
 
 tcr 
 
 € 
 
 m A 
 
 '-yrnti-iunaaM 
 
 ■NSi 
 
 tan*) 
 
abuti. 
 orth- 
 Coaft 
 
 5 not 
 
 have 
 
 caira 
 
 may 
 dities^ 
 CuCi\y 
 It the 
 ; time 
 nience 
 ick of 
 haftcn 
 ntinu- 
 n Seas 
 were 
 ft be 
 ut'ion 
 d me 
 er at 
 What 
 Mat- 
 ter 
 
 The Preface. 
 rcr for tW Publick Scrvice3 will^ 
 l,hope^be candidly received. , and 
 no DiflRculties fliall difcourage me * 
 from endeavouring to promote the 
 fame End^ whenever i have an op- 
 portunity put into my Hands. 
 May 1 8. in our return, wc ar- 
 l^py^d again at Timor^ ^////e 21^ 
 I * we paiffc Jy part ot' tlip IQand Jazf^t. 
 "July 4^ we anchored in Batavia- 
 |J[load 5 and I went afliorq^ viiitcJ 
 the Dutch G^iKT^I^ ai)^ ilclned the 
 privilege of buying Proyihpns that 
 J wanted 5 which was granted mc. 
 |n this Rofid wp lay till tl^e ijtl^ • 
 of OS(?^^r Jfollpwing ^ when^ ha- 
 lving iitted tl^e Ship, recruited my 
 Sdr with Provilions, filled all my 
 Water, and the Seafonof the yeai: 
 for returning towards Europe being 
 come ^ I fet Sail from Batavia^ and 
 on the 19th of December made the 
 Cape of Good Hope ^ ^yhence de- 
 parting Jan. 1 1 , we made the Ifland 
 of Santa Hellena on the 31ft i 
 find February the 31 ft. the Ifland 
 
 a . of 
 
 
[J- 
 
 the Pref 
 
 ace. 
 
 of Afcetffwrt j near to which my 
 '^hip^- having fprung a Leak which 
 <!:bulcl ilbt be flopped^ fotindred at 
 Sea 5 ^ ' ' much difficulty we got 
 afliorc' where we\Rv'd on Goats 
 and Turtle , and on the a 6th of 
 February found^ to our great Com* 
 fort, on the S. E. fide of a high 
 Mountain^ about half a mi^e from 
 
 i'ts top^ a Spring of frefli Water, 
 retartied to England in the C^n- 
 terbnry EaJthdiaShip. For which 
 wonderful Deliverance from fo 
 many and great D^hgers^ I think 
 my felf bound to rfetiiirii continual 
 Thanks to Almighty God , whofe 
 Divine Providence if it fhall pleafc 
 to bring nie fafe again t6 niiy Na- 
 tive Country from my prefent in- 
 tended Voyage j 1 hope to piib- 
 lifli a particular Account of allthe 
 material Things I obferved in the 
 feveral Places which I have now 
 but barely mentioned. 
 
 * '"H 
 
 c 
 
 T H E 
 
 an, 
 Sar 
 
 Mj 
 
 itsj 
 
 L. 
 
 T^^'-v«-. -» 
 
 
my 
 vhich 
 ed at 
 I got 
 Goats 
 th of 
 Com* 
 
 high . 
 
 from 
 Vater. 
 e Cdn- 
 which 
 
 >m fo 
 think 
 ntinual 
 whofe 
 I pleafc 
 my Na- 
 fent in- 
 :o ptib- 
 F all tht 
 I in the 
 
 •THE 
 
 T H E| 
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 CHAP. I. 
 
 T/?e A's departure from the Downs, 
 A Caution to thofe who Sail in thu 
 ChanneU His Arri'val at the Ca- 
 naiy-Iflands. Santa Cruz in Te- 
 nerifte , the Road and Town^ and 
 Spanifli Wreck. LagunaT. Lake 
 dttd Country^ and Oratavia T. 
 and Road^ Of the Wines and 
 other Commodities ^/'TcnerifFc^ &c. 
 md the Governors at Laguna a?2d 
 Santa Cru'/:. Of the Winds in^ 
 thefe Seas, The As Arrival at 
 Mi:yo. Of the C Verd Wands ; 
 its Salt-pond^ compard with that 
 of Salt Tortuga ^ its Trade for 
 
 a 2 SAlt^ 
 
The Center 9. 
 
 Salt^ and Fr^Lpe-boats. Its Vege- 
 tables^ Silk-Cotton^ &c. Its Soil^ 
 and Towns , it^ Guinea-HewV^ 
 and other Fowls ^ Beajis^ ai{d Fijlj. 
 Of the Sea-Turtles^ &c. laying in 
 the Wet Seafon. Of the Natives ^ 
 their Trade and Lii/elihood. The 
 A's Arrival at J. St. J ago •, Pro- 
 ga^ and St. Jago Town. Of the 
 Inhabitants^ and their Commodities. 
 Qf the Cnjiard' Apple y St. Jago 
 Road. J. Fogo. 
 
 C H A P. IL 
 
 The A.'s Deliberation on the Sequel oj 
 his Voyage^ and Departure from 
 St. Jago. His Courfe^ and the 
 Winds ^ &c. in crojjing the Line. 
 Hefiands away for the Bay of All-| 
 Saints /« Brazil ; a^ncl why. His\ 
 Arrival on that Coaji and in thel 
 Bay. Of the federal Toy ts^ th 
 Koad Situation^ Town, and IBuild-l 
 
 ifi{f':\ 
 
 % 
 
 '% 
 
U Vege- 
 \ts Soil^ 
 
 yl Fijlj. 
 tying in 
 ^ati'ves^ 
 L The 
 ) •, Pro- 
 of the 
 nodities. 
 K Jago 
 
 Seqttel oj 
 re from 
 and the 
 he Line* 
 of All. 
 }y. His 
 d in the 
 nts^ the 
 d Build' 
 
 n 
 
 The Contents. 
 
 inas of Bahia. Of its Governor^ 
 Ships and Merchants j and Com- 
 nwditiestoandfromEuropc. Clay- 
 ing of Sugar. The Seafon for the 
 European Ships ^ and Co ire Ca-* 
 hies : Of their Guinea-frjrfe^ and 
 of the Coajiing'trade^ and Whale- 
 killing. Of the Inhabitants of Ba- 
 hia 5 their carrying in Hammocks : 
 ttjeir Artificers^ Crane for Goods y 
 and Negro* Sla^/es. Of the 
 Country about BzhiZy its Soil and 
 FroduSl. Its timber trees ; the 
 Sapiera^ Vermiatico^ Comefleric^ 
 ^ Guitteba^ Serrie^ and Mangro'ves. 
 'The Baftard^ocOy its Nuts and 
 Cables ^ and the SilkrCotton^trees. 
 The Brafilian Fruits ^ Oranges ^ &c. 
 Of the Sour-fops^ Caflxew's^ and 
 Jcnnipah's. Of their peculiar 
 Fruits y Arifah's^ Mericafah's^ 
 Petango's^ Petumbo's^ Munga- 
 roo's ^ Muckifhaw's ^ Ingwa's ^ 
 Otjees^^^/;^ Mufteran de OvaV 
 Of the Palm-berries^ Thyfiik-nu ts^ 
 Mendibce's, &*c. and their Roots 
 
 4lf7d. 
 
The Contents. 
 
 and Herbs ^ &c. Of their . Wild ^ 
 Foyv! ^ Maccatps^ Farroti^ &c. 
 tlye Yemma^ CarrionCrow and 
 Chattering- croWy Bill- bird ^ Currefo^ 
 Turtle-dcz/e and Wild-pigeons ^ the 
 Jenetcc^ Clocking^hen^Crab- catcher^ 
 Calden^ and black Heron : The 
 Ducks y Wigeon and Teal , and 
 OJiriges to the Southward^ and of * 
 the Dunghil fowls. Of their. Cat- 
 tky Horfesy &c. Leopards and 
 Tigers. Of their Serpents , the 
 Rattle-Snake^ fmall Creen-Snakcy 
 Amphisbaena ^ fmaH Black and 
 fntall Grey-Snake '^ the great Land ^ 
 and the great Water-Snake ; and of 
 the Water-dog. Of their Sea-ffl} 
 and Turtle y and of St. PaulV 
 Town. 
 
 
 ■ jil-^ 
 
 f» j: 
 
 /> .V 
 
 W\% 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 
The Contents. 
 
 CHAP. III. 
 
 .*i^^ 
 
 The Als Stay and Bufwefs at Bahia : 
 Of the Winds ^ and Seafons of the 
 Tear there. His departure for 'H. 
 Holland. C. Salvadore, The 
 Winds on the Brafilian Coajt-^ and 
 hhtohlo Shoal., Fijh^ and Birds : 
 The Shear^water Bird^ and Cook* 
 ing of Sharks. Excejp'z/e number 
 vf Birds about a dead Whale \ of 
 , the Pintado Bird^ and the Petrel^ 
 &c. Of a Bird that ftjews theC. 
 of G. Hope to be mar : Of the 
 Sea reckonings^ and VariatioMs : 
 And a Tabic of all the Variations 
 obfer'vd in this Voyage. Occurren- 
 ces near the Capc^ and the A.^spaf" 
 fing by it. Of the Weflcrly Winds 
 beyond it : A Storm^ and its Pre^ 
 fages. The A's Conrfe to N. Hoi* 
 land 5 and Signs of approaching 
 it. Another Abrohlo Shole and 
 Storm^ and the A^s Arrival on 
 
 part 
 
part of N, 
 
 The Contents. 
 Holland. 
 
 lha.t 
 
 part 
 
 D^impieri 
 
 AVc 
 
 defcrih'd j and SharkV Bay^ where 
 he frji Anchors. Vf the Land 
 ' there^ Vegetables^ Birds ^ &c. A ^ * J) ^ 
 particular fort (?/ Guano ; Fifij^ 
 
 and beantiful Shells , Turtle^ large v- 
 
 Sharker and fVater'Serpents. The 
 ' A^s remo*z/mg to another part ofN. 
 Holland ; Dolphins ^Whales ^ and 
 more Sed-Serpents : And, of a Paf- 
 lage or Streight fnfpechd here : 
 'Of the Vegetables^ Birds^^ and 
 
 V Fipf^ He Anchors on a third far^ "^ "" 
 
 y0f N. HoUand^ ^nd digs WeUs^ 
 ^hnt brackifb. Of the Inhabitdnts 
 '*there^ the great tides ^ theVegeta- The A.'s 
 hies and Animals ^ &ۥ Cant it 
 
 . neL 
 
 Ifland 
 
 the I 
 
 Wreck 
 try; 
 Of th 
 ofTe 
 at La 
 // ifid. 
 
 \^ 
 
An, i6^^: 
 
 ' 
 
 'DJMPIEKs 
 
 Voyages. 
 
 • 
 
 VOL 
 
 III. 
 
 -5 
 
 *ji Voyage to Terra 
 
 • 
 
 Auftralis. 
 
 »■< 
 
 C HA P. I. 
 
 X^^ A'S departure from the Downs, A 
 Caution to thofe who Sail in the ^han* 
 ml. His Arrii^al at the Canaiy- 
 Iflands. Santa Cruz in Teneriffe ; 
 the Koad and Town^ and Spanifli 
 Wreck. Laguna T. Lake and CouH'- 
 try^ and Oratavia T. and Koad. 
 Of the Wines and other Commodities 
 ^'TenerifFe^ &c. and the Governors 
 at Laguna ^W Santa Cruz. Of the 
 Winds in thefe Seas. The As At- 
 
 B ri'vdl 
 
An, i6g^' 
 
 The A's Departure from England, 
 
 rwal at Mayo^ one of the C. Verd 
 Iflands 5 its Salt-pond^ compard with 
 that of Salt-Tortuga , its trade for 
 Salt^ andFrsipC'boats. Its Vegeta- 
 bles^ Silk-Cotton^ &c. Its Soil^ and 
 Towns J its Guinea- He/zV^ and other 
 Fowls ^ Beajis^ and FifJj. Of the Sea- 
 Turtles (&€.) laying in the Wet Sea- 
 fon. Of the tiatvves^ their Trade 
 and hi'velihood. The A.'s Arrival at 
 J. St. Jago 5 and St. Jago Town, 
 Of the Inhabitants^ and their Commo- 
 dities. Of the Cuft ard' Apple ^ and 
 the Papah. St. Jago Koad. J. Fogo. 
 
 ISaird from the Dowffs early on Saturday, 
 Jan. 14. 169I. with a fair Wind, in his 
 Majefty's Ship the Roe-huch ^ carrying but 
 13 Guns in this Voyage, and 50 Men and 
 Boys, with 20 Month's Provifion. We had 
 feveral of the King's Ships in Company] 
 bound for Spit-head and Flimouth ^ and by 
 Noon we were off Dungcnefs. We parted 
 from them that Night, and ftood down the 
 Channel^ but found our felves next Morning I K^^ 
 nearer the French Coaft than we expefted ^ L 
 C. de Hague bearing S. E. and by E. ^ ^ J Xhe firf 
 
 An 
 
 eem'd t 
 
 bought 
 
 bmewui 
 
 )Ieas'd h 
 
 n his M 
 
 ery con 
 
 he Occ 
 
 hans;e c 
 
 he Chart 
 
 be ver 
 
 eader t< 
 
 aus*d to 
 
 ''^per, pi 
 
 ^afs to an 
 
 ^e of it is 
 
 erience ti 
 
 f fuch a 
 
 (^ccafiono 
 nore Pub 
 Not to 
 ays Run 
 but only 
 c more p 
 rom C. L 
 that Aft 
 e faw of 
 ure from 
 aken it fr 
 
 There were many other Ships, fom.e nearerj 
 fome farther off the French Coaft, who a 
 
 feem' 
 
 >ftheCh; 
 nade on t; 
 
!*' 
 
 / ripith 
 
 de for 
 
 \l^ and 
 i other 
 be Sea- 
 et Sea- 
 Trade 
 ival at 
 Town, 
 Comnto- 
 kj and 
 Fogo. 
 
 idturddy, 
 1, in his 
 ^ing but 
 VIen and \ 
 We had 
 ompany, 
 and by 
 parted 
 lown the 
 Mornins 
 xpefted 
 y E. 6 Lj 
 le nearer 
 who al 
 feemi 
 
 An Error noted. C. Fineftcrre. 3 
 
 eem'd to have gone nearer to it than they v^;Jl^ 
 bought they .fliould. My Mafter, who was 
 fonnewhat troubled at it atfirfl:, was notdif- 
 )leas'd however to find that he had Company 
 n his Miftake: Which, as I have heard, is a 
 i^ery common one, and flital tommy Ships, 
 riie Occafion of it is the not allowing for the 
 Change of the Variation fince the making of 
 the Charts^ which Captain Hall) his obferv'd 
 :o be very confiderable. I (liall refer t\\Q An Ad^ 
 leader to his own Account of it which he'^^^^'^*'' 
 :aus'd to be Publifli'd in a fingle Sheet o^ccff^ryto. 
 ^aper, purpofely for a Caution to foch asf^f^/^'^^'^ 
 ■)afs to and fro the E^jgUJJ) Channel : The Ti- Zigxlkn' 
 le of it is in the Margin. And my own Ex- i<p .t/;^ 
 erience thus confirming to me the Ufefulnefs iT^ ^^? t • 
 r Inch a Caution, I was wuhnej to take this England, 
 pccafion of helping towards the making it the ^°^^ ^y, 
 nore Publick. ac*che' 
 
 Not to trouble the Reader with every Princey 
 ays Run, nor with the Winds or Weather ^^'^^ /J, 
 but only in the remoter Parts, where it may church- 
 cmore particularly ufeful) ftanding away^^F^r^^. 
 rom C. la Hague, we made the Start about 
 5 that Afternoon^ which being the laft Land 
 we faw oi Efigland^ wc reckoned ourDepar- 
 ure from thence : Tho' we had rather have 
 :aken it from the Lizard, if the hazy Wea- 
 
 her would have fuffer'd us to have feen 
 t. 
 
 The firfl: Land we faw after wc were out 
 )f the Channel was C. Finijierre, which we 
 nade on the 19th 5 and on the 28th made 
 
 Pi 2 L^n- 
 
V 
 
 i^ J. Lancerota. J. Allegrancc. J. Tener. 
 
 An. 1699- Laffcerota^oueoi ihcCartaryldanAs -jof which, 
 
 ^^^'^^'^and of Allegrance, another of them, I have 
 
 here given the Sights, as they both appeared 
 
 • to us at two feveral Bearings and Diftances. 
 
 [Table I. N\ i, 3.] 
 
 We were now (landing away for the Ifland 
 Temriffe^ v>^here I intended to take in fome 
 Wine and Brandy for my Voyage. On Sun- 
 ddy, half an hour pad 3 in the Afternoon, wc 
 made the Ifland,and crouded in with al? our 
 Sails till 5 ^ wh«n the N. E. Point of the Ifle 
 bore W. S. W. dift. 7 Leagues: But being 
 then (b far off that 1 could not exped to getl 
 in before Night, I lay by till next Morning, 
 deliberating whether I fliould put in at Santi 
 Cruz^ or at Oratavia, the one on the E. the 
 • other on the W. fide of the Ifland ^ which 
 lies moftly North and South ^ and thefe are 
 the principal Ports on each Side. I chofe 
 Safffa Cruz as the better Harbour (efpeciallj 
 atthis time of the Year) and as beft furni(h'd 
 with that fort of Wine which I had occafioii 
 to take in for my Voyage : So there I come 
 to an Anchor Jaf/. goth, in 53 Fathom- wa 
 ter, black flimy Ground 5 about half a M\h 
 from the Shore 5 from which diftance I toot 
 the Sight of the Town. [Table I. N°. 3.] 
 In the Road Ships muft ride in 30, 40, or 
 50 Fathom-water, not above half a mile fro 
 the Shore at fartheft; And if there are man] 
 Ships, they muft ride clofe one by another, 
 The Shore is generally high Land, and i 
 moft Places fteep too. This Road lies fo ope 
 
 t 
 
7'a.Ut X. 
 
 CaLtiaLTy lAaticls 
 
 -S* 
 
 y^ ^ 
 
 jy.'i 
 
 
 Cth4. Staht of Irtuxct-ratx conttnu^il 
 S.£ hyS. 
 
 - ^ = 
 
 :itttj J^etmtncck, u part- 
 of X .iBottt-venturA 
 
 ^13 
 
 I,Te±ieriiire 
 
 Jioekrtv JVtn** 
 
Santa 
 
 to the Ea 
 ;reat Sw 
 ^oats: T 
 ten force 
 :ut or ili 
 weigh iht 
 lag is in 
 the N. E. 
 Water, w 
 /upply'd: 
 Oratavia, 
 fend thei 
 vvorfe Pot 
 erly Wind 
 put to S 
 and SantA 
 with fom 
 ^command 
 fmall un' 
 guarded ^ 
 .oad. 1 
 'own, a! 
 'ith Stor 
 lath two 
 Ire the I 
 'orts here 
 >ns from 
 llofe und 
 labitants 
 L^ion 3 
 *own, a 
 larks of 
 ^alls. 1 
 
Santa Cruz Road^ T. and Wrecks. 5 
 
 to the Eaft, that Winds from that fide make a fV^' 
 ;reat Swell, and very bad going afhore in 
 oats: The Ships that ride here are thenof- 
 en forced to put to Sea, and fometimes to 
 ut or ilip their Anchors, not being able to 
 veigh them. The befi: and fmootheft Land- 
 ng is in a (ixi:\\\ fandy Cove, about a mile to 
 he N. E. of the Road, where there is good 
 Vater, with which Ships that lade here are 
 fLipply'd^ and many times Ships that lade at ^ 
 ratavJa, which is the chief Port for Trade, 
 end their Boats hither for Water. That is a 
 orfe Port for Weflerly than this is for Eaft- 
 rly Winds:; and thenall Ships that are there 
 ut to Sea. Between this Watering-place 
 rfind Santa Cruz are two little Forts ^ which 
 ith fome Batteries fcatter'd along the Goaft 
 ommand the Road. Santa Cruz its felf is a 
 mall unwallp^. Town fronting the Sea, 
 uarded with two other Forts to fecurc the 
 oad. There are about qoo Houfes in the 
 own, all two Stories high, ftrongly built 
 ith Stone, and covered with Pantile. It 
 ath two Convents and one Church, which 
 re the bed Buildings in the Town. The 
 brts here could not fecure the Spamjh Galle* 
 ns from Admiral Blake^ tho* they haird in 
 lofe under the main Fort. Many of the In- 
 abitants that are now living remember that • 
 ftion 3 in which the EngUJh batter'd the 
 own, and did it much Damage 5 and the 
 arks of the Shot ftill remain in the Fort- 
 alls. T^c Wrecks of the Galleons that 
 
 B 3 wer(^ 
 
6 Way from Santa Crux to Laguna. 
 
 An. \699'\vcxc huxvX hcfc, lie in 15 Fnfhom-vvnter : 
 ^^"^^^^^ And 'tis faid that moft of the Plate h'es there, 
 tho' fome of it was haftily carried afliore nt 
 Blake s comin.s; in fight. 
 
 Soon after I had'nnchor'd I went afhore 
 here to the Governor of the Town, who rc- 
 ceivM me very kindly, and invited me to 
 dine with him the next d.iy. I rcturn'd on 
 board inthe Evcnini^, and went afhore again 
 • with two of my Ofticers the next Morning -^ 
 hoping to get up the Hill time enough to fee 
 ■ Lai^ima, the principal Town, and to he back 
 ngain to Dine with the Covernour of Santa 
 Cr;/z ; for I was told that Lagutja was but 5 
 Mile off. The Road is all the way up a pret- 
 ty fteep Hill:^ yet not fo fteep but that Carts 
 go up and down Inden. There are Fublick 
 Hcnfes fcattering by the way-fide, where we 
 got fome Wine. The Land on each fide 
 fccmed to be but rocky and dry ^ yet in many 
 Places we faw Spots of green flourifhing 
 Corn. At farther diltances there were fmall 
 Vineyards by the Sides of the Mountains, in- 
 termixt with abundance of wafte rocky Land, 
 unfit for Cultivation, which afforded only 
 Dildo-bu(hes. It was about 7 or 8 in the; 
 Mornins when wefet out from Santa Cruz ; 
 and it being fair clear Weather, the Sun (honej 
 yery bright and warmed us fiifficicntly be- 
 fore we got to the City Ltguna ^ which we 
 reached about 10 a Clock, all fweaty and 
 tired, and were glad to refrefli our felvesj 
 with a little Wine in a forry Tipling houfe: 
 
 M 
 
 i 
 
 But we ( 
 
 M-rchan 
 
 tnin'd us 
 
 Aftcrnoc 
 
 La'^ufi 
 
 Town, a 
 
 If ft:inds 
 
 in a Levi 
 
 Wills bi 
 
 Pintiie. 
 
 appear p 
 
 f.iir Buiic 
 
 Churches 
 
 vents, ai 
 
 Gentlem( 
 
 thofe of [ 
 
 and St. L 
 
 ty highf 
 
 the Buik 
 
 yet they: 
 
 fome • a 
 
 a large P 
 
 about it. 
 
 fide of it 
 
 good W 
 
 They ha\ 
 
 with Gra 
 
 the midd 
 
 Flowers, 
 
 tants we 
 
 have ve 
 
 Town ftj 
 
 of a Plai 
 
.1» 
 
 Laguna T. a?id Gardaif. 7 
 
 But we foon found out one of the Epfglifh ^^^l}^ 
 Merchants tint rcfirlcd here ^ who cnter- 
 taiti'd lis huKllbmly at Dinner, and in the 
 Afternoon (licv/'d iis the Town. 
 
 Lacuna is a pretty large well-compaftcd 
 Town, and makes a very agreeable Frofpcft. 
 If ftinds part of ir agiinft a Hill, and part 
 in a Level. The Hoiifcshave moftlvftrong 
 Wills built with Stoj^e and covered with 
 Pontile. They are not uniform, yet they 
 appear pleafant enough. There arc many 
 fair Buildings ^ among which are 2 f arifli- • 
 Churches, 2 Nunneries, an Hofpital, 4 Con- 
 vents, and fome Chapels ^ hcfides many 
 Gentlemens Houfes. The Convents are 
 thofe of St. Anjliff^ St. Domimck^ St. Frarrck, 
 and St. D'lcgo, The two Churches have pret- 
 ty high fquare Steeples, which top the reft of 
 the Buildings. The Streets are not regular, 
 yet they are moftly fpacious and pretty hand- 
 fome ,• and near the middle of the Town is 
 a large Parade, which has good Buildings 
 about it. There is a ftrong Prifon on one 
 fide of it 5 near which is a large Conduit of 
 good Water, that fupplies all the Town. 
 They have many Gardens which are fct round 
 with Oranges, Limes, and other Fruits : In 
 the middle of which are Pot-herbs. Sailading, 
 Flowers, &c. And indeed, if the Inhabi- 
 tants were curious this way, they might 
 have very pleafant Gardens : For as the 
 Town ftands high from the Sea, on the Brow 
 of a Plai? that is all open to the Eaft, and 
 
 B 4 hath 
 

 8 Laguna Plain^ Lake^ &cc. 
 
 An. i^99.hath confequently the benefit of the true 
 ^-^"^'^^ Trade-wind, which blows here, and is mofl: 
 commonly fair ^ fo there are feldom want- 
 ing, at this Town, brisk, cooling, and re- 
 frefhing Breezes all the day. 
 
 On the back of the Town there is a large 
 Plain of 3 or 4 Leagues in length and 2 Miles 
 wide, producing a thick kindly fort of Grafs, 
 which lookt green and very pleafant when I 
 was there, like our Meadows in England in 
 the Spjing. On theEaft-fidc of this Plain, 
 very near the back of the Town, there is a 
 natural Lake or Pond of frefli Water. It is 
 about half a Mile in circumference 5 but be- 
 ing ftagnant, 'tis only us*d for Cattle to drink 
 of. In the Winter-time feveral forts of wild 
 Fowl refort hither, affording plenty of Game 
 to the Inhabitants of Laguna. This City is 
 called Laguna from hence 5 for tl:at Word in 
 Spanjjh fignifies a Lake or Pond. The Plain 
 is bounded on the W. the N. W. and the 
 S. W. with high fteep Hills^ as high above 
 this Plain as this is above the Sea 5 and 'tis 
 from the foot of one of thefe Mountains that 
 the Water of the Conduit which fupplies the 
 Town, is conveyed over the Plain, in 
 Troughs of Stone raisVJ upon Pillars. And, 
 ; indeedjConfidcring the Situation of the Town, 
 its large Profpeft to the Eaft (for from hence! 
 you fee the Grand Canary) its Gardens, cool 
 Arbors, plealant Plain, green Fields, thcj 
 Pond and Aqueduft, and its refrcfhin 
 Breezes, it i^ a very delightful Dwelling 
 
 efpe% 
 
 I 
 
^e true 
 is moft 
 1 wanN 
 and re- 
 
 ; a large 
 
 1 2 Miles 
 
 if Grafs, 
 
 when I 
 
 gland in 't^ 
 
 is Plain, \ 
 
 here is a ] 
 
 :r. It is I 
 
 , but be- * 
 
 to drink [ 
 
 ) of wild ^ 
 
 3f Game | 
 
 is City is. ^ 
 
 Word in i 
 
 ^he Plain, 
 
 and the i 
 
 yh above | 
 
 , and *tis.^ 
 
 tains that J 
 
 )pliesthe | 
 
 lain, in | 
 
 s. And, I 
 
 leTown, i 
 
 )m hencei I 
 
 ens, cool 
 
 elds, the. 
 
 •efrcfliing 
 
 welling I 
 
 efpe 
 
 Pike of Ten. Wines. Oratavu. p 
 
 efpecially for fuch as have not Bufincfs that^''- ^^99* 
 calls them far and often from home ; For the ^•^''^ 
 Ifland being generally Mountainous, ftrcp 
 and craggy, full of Rifingsand Fallings, *tis 
 very troublefome Travellingup and down in 
 it, unlcfs in the Cool of the Mornings and 
 Evenings : And Mules and Affes are moft 
 us'd by them, both for Riding and Carriage, 
 as fitteft for the (tony, uneven Roads. 
 
 Beyond the Mountains,. on the S. W. fide, 
 ftill further up, you may fee from the Town 
 and Plain a fmall peeked Hill, overlooking 
 the reft. This is that which is called the 
 Vike of Teneriffe^ fo much noted for its 
 heighth: But we faw it here at fo great a 
 difadvantage,by reafon of the nearnefs of the 
 adjacent Mountains to us, that it looked in- 
 confiderablc in refpeft to its Fame, 
 
 The true Malmefy Wine grows in this 
 Ifland 5 and this here is faidto bethebeftof 
 its kind in the World. Here is alfo Canary- 
 Wine, and Verdona^ or Green-wine. The 
 Canary grows chiefly on the Weft-fide of the 
 Ifland^ and therefore is commonly fent to 
 Or At avid 5 which being the chief Sea-port for 
 Trade in the Ifland, the principal EngliJIj 
 Merchants rcfide there, with their Conful 5 
 becaufe we have a great Trade for this Wine. 
 I was told. That that Town is bigger than 
 Laguna-j that it has but one Church, but ma- 
 ny Convents: That the Port is but ordinary 
 at beft, and is very bad when the N. W. . 
 Vyinds blow. Thefe Norwefter^ give no- 
 tice 
 
lO 
 
 Vcrdona-rphie^ Fnuts^ &c. 
 
 M. 1699- tice of their 
 ^"'^''^ tumbles 
 
 coming, by a great Sea that 
 in on the Shore for fome time 
 before they come, and by a black ^ky in the 
 N. W. Upon thefe Signs Ships either get up 
 their Anchors, or flip their Cables and put to 
 Sea, and ply off and on till the Weather is 
 over. Sometimes they are forced to do fo 2 
 or 3 times before they can tike in their Lad- 
 ing^ which 'tis hard to do here in the faireft 
 Weather : And for frcfh Water, they fend, 
 as I have faid, to Santa Cruz,. Verdona is 
 green, ftrong bodied VVine, h:ir{her and 
 fiiarper than Canary, Tis not fo much e- 
 fteemed in Etirope, but is exported to the Weji^ 
 Indies, and will keep beft in hot Countries 3 
 for which Reafon I touched here to take in 
 fome of it for my Voyage. This fort of Wine 
 k made chiefly on the Eaft fide of the Iflaad, 
 and (hipt off at Santa Cruz. 
 
 Befides thefe Wines, which are yearly 
 vended in great plenty from the Canary Iflands 
 (chiefly from Grand Canary^ Teneriffe, and 
 Palnja) here isflore of Grain, as Wheat, Ear- 
 ly and Maiz, which they often tranfport to 
 other places. They have alfo (ome Beans and 
 Peas, and Coches, a fort of Grain much like 
 Maiz, fow*d mcftly to fatten Land. They 
 have Papah'Sj which I (hall fpeak more of 
 hereafter;^ Apples, Pears, Plumbs, Cherries, 
 and excellent Peaches, Apricocks, Guava s. 
 Pomegranates, Citrons, Oranges, Lemons^ 
 Limes, Pumpkins, Onions the beflc in the 
 World, Cabbages, Turnips, Potatoes, &c^ 
 
 They 
 
in 
 
 Afiimals and Trade of the Canaries. 1 1 
 
 They are alfo well ftocked with Horfes, ^^"- 1^99 
 Cows, Afles, Mules, Sheep, Goats, Hogs,^'''^ 
 Conies, and plenty of Deer. The Lancerot 
 Horfes are faid to be the moft mettlefome, 
 fleet, and loyal Horfes that are. Laftly, here 
 are many Fowls, as Cocks and Hens, Ducks, 
 Pi(:lgeons,Patridges,€^r. with plenty of Fi(h, 
 as Mackril, &c. All the Canary llJands have 
 of thefe Commodities and Provifions more or 
 lefs: But as Lancerota is moftfam'd for Hor- 
 fes, and Grand Canary^ Tenerijfe^ and Palma 
 for Wines, Temriffe efpecially for the beft 
 Malmefy, (for which reafon thefe ^ Illands 
 have the chief Trade) fo is Forteventura fur 
 Dunghil-Fowls, and Gomera for Deer. 
 Fowls and other Eatables are dear on the 
 Trading Iflands 5 but very plentiful and cheap 
 on the other ^ and therefore 'tis beft for fuch 
 Ships that are going out on long Voyages, . 
 and who defign f j take in but little Wine, to 
 touch rather at thefe lafl: 5 where alfo they 
 may be fupply*d with Wine enough, and 
 goodcheaf:: And for my own part, if I had 
 known it before I came hither, Ifhouldhave 
 gone rather to one of thofe Iflands than to 
 Teneriffe : But enough of this. 
 
 Tis reported they can raife 12000 armed 
 Menonthislfland. The Governor or Gene- 
 ral (as he is call'd) of all the Canary Iflands 
 lives at Laguna : His Name is Don Fedro d& 
 Ponto, He is a Native of this Ifland, and 
 was not longfince Prefident of Panama in the 
 South Seas 3 who bringing fome very rich 
 
 Pearly 
 
ii Go'vernors at Laguna and Santa Cruz. 
 
 iff*. \6^9. Pearls from thence, vvhich he prefented to the 
 ^'•^^•^ Qiiecn of Spain^ was therefore, as *tis faid, 
 made General of the Cdn4ry][\mA%, The 
 Grand CdfiAry is an llTand much fuperiourto 
 Ttneriffe both in Bulk and Value 5 but this 
 Gentleman chufqs rather to refide in this his 
 native Ifland. He has the Charafter of a ve- 
 ry worthy Ferfon 5 and governs with Mo- 
 deration and Juftice, being very well be- 
 loved. 
 
 One of his Deputies was the Governor of 
 Santa Cruz., with whom I was to have 
 Din*d ^ but ftaying fo long at Laguna, I came 
 but time enough to fup with him. He is a 
 civil, diTcreet Man. He rcfides in the main 
 Fort clofe by the Sea. There is a Centinel 
 ftands at his I>oor \ and he has a few Ser- 
 vants to wait on him. I was Treated in a 
 large dark lower Room, which has but one 
 fmall Window. There were about 20c Muf- 
 kets hung up againft the Walls, and fome 
 Pikes 5 no Wainfcot,. Hangings, nor much 
 Furniture. There was only a fmall old Table, 
 a few old Chairs, and 2 or 5 pretty long 
 Forms to fit on. Having Supp d with him, 
 I invifed him on Board, and went off in my 
 Boat. The next Morning he came aboard 
 with another Gentleman in his Company, 
 attended by 2 Servants: But he was prefent- 
 ly Sea-fick, and fo much out of order, that 
 be could fcarce Eat or Drink any Thing, 
 ^ut went quickly alhore agaia. 
 
 lie 
 
 Having 
 
tratle-Wind. Pike of Ten. 
 
 13 
 
 
 Having refre(h*d my Men afhorc, and ta- f\^^^ 
 ken in what we had occafion for, I Sail'd a- "-^^^^ 
 way from SantA Crii% on Feb. 4. in the After- 
 noon 5 haftening ont all I could, becaufethe 
 N. E. Winds growing ftormy made fo great 
 Sea, that the Ship v\ as fcarce faf e in the Roadj^ 
 and I was glad to get out, tho* we left behind 
 feveral Goods we had bought and paid for: 
 For a Boat could not go afliore 5 and the ftrefs 
 was fo great in weighing Anchor, that the 
 Cable broke. I defign*d next for the I. of 
 Majo^ one of the C. Fert^ Iflands^ and ran 
 away with a ftrong N. E. Wind, right afore 
 it, all that Night and the next Day, at the 
 rate of 10 or 11 Miles an Hour ^ when it 
 ilacken'd to a more moderate Gale. The Ca- 
 nary Iflands are, for their Latitude, within 
 the ufual Verge of the True or General 
 Trade-Wind ^ which I have obferv^d to be, 
 on this fide the Equator, N. Eafterly : But 
 then lying not far from the African Shore, 
 they are mod fubjeft to a N. Wind, which 
 is the Coaftiftg atrd conjiant Trade, fweeping 
 that Coaft down as low as toC. Ferd*^ which 
 fpreading in breadth, takes in moftly theCtf- 
 ?fary Iflands 5 tho' it be there interrupted fre- 
 quently with the True Trade-Wind, N. 
 Weft-Winds, or other Shifts of Wind that 
 Iflands are fubjeft to 5 cfpecially where they 
 lie many together. The Pike of Tenerife^ 
 which had generally been Clouded while we 
 lay at Santa Crnz, appeared now all white 
 with Snow, hovering over the other Hills ^ 
 
 but 
 
An 
 
 14 J. Mayo^ one of the C. V^erd's. 
 
 1^99- but their height made it feem the lefs conG- 
 derable:^ for it looks moft remarkable to Ships 
 that are to the VVeftward of it. We had 
 brisk N. N. E. and N. E. Winds from Tene* ' 
 rife 'y and faw Flying-fifli, and a great deal 
 oiF Sea-thiftle Weed floating. By the 9th of 
 Feb, .at Noon we were in the Lat. of I5d. 
 4 m. fo we fleered away W. N. W. for the 
 I. of Mayo^ being by Judgment, not far to 
 the E. of it, and at 8 a Clock in the Evening 
 lay by till Day The Wind was then at W. 
 by South, and fo it continued all Night, fair 
 Weather, and a fmall eafie Gale. All thefe 
 were great Signs, that we were near feme 
 Land, after having had fuch conftant brisk 
 Winds before. In the Morning after Sun- 
 rife, wc faw the Ifland at about 4 Leagues 
 diftance. But it was fo hazy over it, that we 
 could fee but a fmall part of it^ yet even by 
 that part I knew it to be the Ifle of Mayo. 
 See how it appeared to us at fcveral^em^j-, as 
 we were compaffing the E. the S. E. and the S. 
 of it, to get to the Fcoad, on the S. W. of it, 
 [Table IL N% i, 2, 3.] and the Road it fclf 
 
 CN%4.] 
 
 I got not in till the next Day, Feb, 11. 
 
 when I come to an Anchor in the Road, 
 which is the Lee-ward pr.rt of the Idand 5 
 for 'tis a general Rule, never to Anchor to 
 Wind-ward of an Ifland between the Tro- 
 picks. We Anchored at i r a Clock in 14 
 Fathom clean Sand, and very fmooth Wa- 
 ter, about three quarters of a Mile from the 
 
 Shore^ 
 
JJ 
 
 Cape Verd lilaiacls 
 
 ^. 1 
 
 h- U4.ayo, ai: x X. diji: ',yS, pointr cat^rlil u^tth a,^a 
 
 
 
 I,J\£a"V-o . at- -thefi. 3mik.€Atn.Tias : ^lutn. ifj^ath ; r^d. Cored, ajfout. 
 
 1 ,3£«.yo ,Jiandiry au^ toy S. Tl^.ftelntof it, Mjft : x JUiUj. S/,j^,W.i 
 
 U.w: 
 
 ' -'^ 1 mil* ■fivm.shcri 
 
 
 3 ,3.1.ay,o 
 
 #^ 
 
 J^'he :KatLj. 
 
 A,/ ll^hvtn 
 
 \ 
 
 JfU and J^m^ne of jStlag"© 
 
Coajis of J. Mayo. i 5 
 
 Shore, in the fame Place where I Anchor'd ^V^' 
 ill my Voyage round the World '^ and found ri- ^^ 
 dinghere the Newport of Lor/don, a Merchant 
 Man, Captain Barefoot- Comminder, who 
 welcomed me with 3 Cnns, and I returned 
 one for Thanks. He came from Fajal^ onG of 
 the Wejlern llhuds : and had ftore of Wine 
 and Brandy aboard. He was taking in Salt 
 to carry to Nevo-foHtjd-larjd^ and was very glad 
 to fee one of the Kings Ships, being before 
 our coming afraid of Pyrates^ wliich, of late 
 Years, had much infefted this and the reft 
 of the Cape Verd Ijlands. 
 
 I have given fomc Account of the Ifl.i nd of 
 Mayo^ and of other of thcfe Iflands, in my 
 Voyage rqntid the Worlds [V'o!. I. p. 70.] but 
 I (hall now add fome farther Obfervations 
 that occur'd to me in this Voyage. The L 
 of Mayo is about 7 Leagues in Circumference, 
 of a roundifh Form, with many fmall rocky 
 Points (hooting out into the Sea a Mile, or 
 more. . Its Lat. is 1 5 d. N. and as you fail 
 about the Ifle, when you come pretty nigh 
 the Shore, you will fee the Water breaking 
 off from thofe Points:^ which vou muft give 
 a Birth to, and avoid them. I fail'd at this 
 time two parts in three round the Ifland, but 
 faw nothing dangerous bcfides thefe Points 5 
 and they all (hew*d themfelves by the Break- 
 ing of the Water ; Yet 'tis reported. That 
 on the N. and N. N. W. (ide there are dan- 
 gerous Sholes, that lye farther off at Sea 5 but 
 I was not on that Side. There are 2 Hills 
 
 on 
 
1 6 Sdh'Tofidofy Mayo. 
 
 f\}^ on this Klmd of a confiderablc hcighth 5 one 
 pretty bluff, the other peeked at top. The 
 reft of the Ifl.nid is pretty level, and of a good 
 hei^^hth from the Sea; The Shore clear 
 round hath fandy Bays, between the Rocky 
 Points I fpikc of ^ and the whole Kland is 
 a very dry fort of Soil. 
 
 On the Weft-fide of the Ifle where the? 
 Road for Ships is there is a large Sandy Bay, 
 and a Sand-bank, of about 40 Paces wide 
 within it, which runs along the Shore 2 or 5 
 Miles 5 within which there is a large Salini, 
 or Salt-pond, contained between the Sand- 
 bank and the Hills beyond it. The whole 
 Salirta is about 2 Miles in length, and half dt 
 Mile wide; but above one half of it is com- 
 monly dry. The North end only of the Pond 
 never wants Water, producing Salt from No- 
 vember till M^j/, which is here the dry Seafon of 
 the Year. The Water which yields this Salt 
 works in from out of the Sea through a hole 
 in the Sand-bank before-mentioned^ like a 
 Sluce, and that only in Spring-tides 5 when 
 it fills the Pond more or lefs,according to the 
 heighth of the Tides. If there is any Salt 
 in the Ponds when the Flufti of Water comes 
 in, it prefently diffolves: But then in two or 
 three Days after it begins to Kern 5 and fo 
 ' continues Kerning till either all, or the great- 
 eft part of the Salt-water is congealed or 
 kcrn'd ^ or till a frefti Supply of it comes in 
 again from the Sea. This Water is known 
 JTo come in only at that one Paffage on the N. 
 
 part 
 
Salt'kernhig^ and Trade. i^ 
 
 part of the Pond 5 where alfo it is deepeft. An. \69S). 
 It was at a Spring of the New Moon when ^■^^"''^'^^ 
 I was there ^ and I was told that it comes 
 in at no other time bnt at the New Moon 
 Spring-tides: but why that (lionid be t 
 can t guefs. They who come hither to 
 lade Salt rake it up as it Rerns, and lay it 
 in heaps on the dry Land, before the Wa- 
 ter breaks iii anew : And this is obfervable 
 of this Salt-pond, that the Salt kerns only 
 HI the Dry Seafon, contrary to the Salt- 
 Ponds in the [f'c/?-/W/a,particularly thofe 
 of the liland SaJt-Torttiga, which I have 
 formerly mentioned [Vol. I. p. 56.] for 
 they never Kern there till the tlains come 
 in about April-^ nnd continue to do fo in 
 May June^ jf///)', 8cc. while the Wet Sea- 
 fon lafts 5 and not without fome good ' 
 Shower of Rain firft : But the Reafon al- 
 fo of this Difference between the Salt- 
 Ponds of Mayo^ and thofe of the Wejl- 
 Indies^ why thefe (hould Kern in the Wet 
 Seafon, and the former in the Dry Seafon; 
 I (hall leave to Philofophers. 
 
 Our Nation drive here a great Trade foi* 
 Salt, and have commonly a Man of War 
 here foi" the Guard of our Ships and Barks 
 that come to take it in 5 of which I have 
 been informed that in fome Years thers 
 have not been kfs than 100 in a Year. It 
 cofts nothing but Men's Labour to rake it 
 together, and wheel it out of the Porid, 
 
 C except 
 
l/V^ 
 
 1 8 ¥x2ipe'boats defcabed. 
 
 yimi^p.^ except the Carriage: Andthatalfois very 
 ' ^'^ ' cheap ^ the Inhabitants having plenty of 
 Affes, for which they have little to do he- 
 fides carrying the Salt from the Ponds to 
 the Sea-tideatthe Seafon when Ships are 
 here. The Inhabitants lade and drive 
 their Affes themfelves, being very glad to 
 beimploy'd^ for they have fcarcc anyo- 
 ther Trade but this to get a Penny by. 
 The Pond is not above half a Mile from 
 the Landing-place, fo that the Affes make 
 a great many Trips in a day. They have 
 a fet number of Turns to and fro 
 both Forenoon and Afternoon, which 
 their Owners will not exceed. At the 
 Landing-place there lies a Frape-hoat^ as 
 our Seamen call it, to take in the 5^//. Tis 
 made purpofely for this ufe, with a 
 Deck reaching from the Stern a third part 
 of the Boat 5 where there is a kind of 
 Bulk-head that rifes, not from the Boats 
 bottom, but from the Edge of the Deck, 
 to about 2 foot in heighth ; all calk'd very 
 tight. The Ufe of it is to keep the Waves 
 from dafhing into the Boat, when it lies 
 with its Head to the Shore, to take in Salt : 
 For here commonly runs a great Sea 5 and 
 when the Boat lies fo with its Head to 
 the Shore, the Sea breaks in over the 
 Stern, and would foon fill it, was it not 
 for this Bulk' head, which ftops the Waves 
 that come flowing upon the Deck, 
 
 and 
 
Frzpe-hoats defcrihed. ip 
 
 and makes them run off into the Sea on^^"- ^^ 
 . each fide. To keep the Boat thus with the ^^^^^^^ 
 Head to the Shore, and the Stern to the 
 Sea, there are two ftrong Stantions fet up 
 in the Boat 5 the one at the Head, theo- 
 ther in the middle of it, againft the Bulk- 
 head, and a Foot higher than the Bulk- 
 head. There is a large Notch cut in 
 the top of each of thefe Stantions big 
 enough for a fmall Flazer or Rope to lie 
 in;^ one end of which is faften*d to a Poft . 
 aftiore, and the other to a Grapling or An- 
 chor lying a pretty way off at Sea ; This 
 Rope ferveth to hale the Boat in and our, 
 and the Stantions fervc to keep her faft, fo 
 that (he cannot fwins; to either fide when 
 the Rope is hal'd tight : For the Sea would 
 clfc fill her, or tofs her alhore and ftave 
 her. The better to prevent her ftaving 
 and to keep her the tighter together, there 
 afe two fets of Ropes more : The firft go- 
 ing athwart from Gunnal to Gunnal, 
 which, when the Rowe 's Benches are laid, 
 [bind the Boats fides fo hard againfl: the 
 I Ends of the Benches that they cannot eafily 
 fall afunder, while the Benches and Ropes 
 mutually help each other 5 the RopeJ 
 [keeping the Boats fides from flying ofF,and 
 pe Benches from being crufb'd together 
 inwards. Of thefe Ropes there are ufual- 
 ly hut two, dividing the Boats length, as 
 rliey go acrofs the fides, into there equal 
 
 C 2 partSo 
 
i' 
 
 20 ¥r2i^Q'hoats how tnanafi^d. 
 
 An. 1699. parts. The other fet of Kopes arc more 
 
 i/VNJ in number, and are fo placed as to keep the 
 
 Ribs and Planks of the Boat from ftarting 
 
 off. For this purpofe there are holes made 
 
 at certain diftances through the Edge of 
 
 the Keel that runs along on the infide of 
 
 the Boat -^ through which thefe Ropes paf- 
 
 fitig are laid along the Ribs, fo as toiine 
 
 them, or be themfelves as Ribs upon them, 
 
 being made faft to them by Rattan's 
 
 brought thither, or fmall Cords twifted 
 
 clofe ah )ut both Ropes and Ribs, up to the 
 
 Gunnal: By which means tho* feveralof 
 
 the Nails or Pegs of the Boat fliould by 
 
 any fhock fall out, yet the Ropes of thefe 
 
 two fets might hold her together : Efpe- 
 
 cially with the hel p of a Rope going quite 
 
 round about the Gunnal on the out-{ide,as 
 
 our Long-boats have. And fuch is the 
 
 Care taken to ftrengthen the Boats 5 from 
 
 which girding them with Ropes, which 
 
 our Seamen call Frapwg, they have the 
 
 Name of Frape-boats. Two Men fuffice 
 
 to hale her in and out, and take in the 
 
 Salt from Shore- (which is brought in 
 
 Bags) and put it out again. As foon as 
 
 the Boat is brought nigh enough to the I 
 
 Shore, he who ftands by the Bulk-head 
 
 takes inftantly a turn with the Hazer about 
 
 the Bui k-head-Stantion 5 and tha t fliops her 
 
 faft before the Sea can turn her afide : Andl 
 
 when the two Men have got in their Lad- 
 
I. Mayo. Silk-Cotton. 21 
 
 ing, they hale off to Sea, till they come a f"^J^ 
 little without the fwcll ^ where thpy re- 
 move the Salt into another Boit that car- 
 ries it on board the Ship. Without fucli 
 a />///7c- boat here is but bad Landingatany 
 time: for tho* 'tis commonly very fmooth 
 intheHoad, yet there falls a great Sea on 
 the Shore, fo that every .ship thit comes 
 here fliould have fuch a Bo{ti\ and bring, 
 or make, or borrow one of other Ships 
 that happen to be here ; for the Inhabi- 
 tants have none. I have been thus parti- 
 cular in the Defcription of thefe Fr^/xr- 
 boats, becaufe of the Ufe they may be 
 of m any Places where a great Sea falls 
 in upon the Shore ^ as it doth efpecially 
 in many open Roads in the Eafl and 
 Wefl'hdies'^ where they might therefore 
 be very ferviceable^ but I never fa w any 
 of them there. 
 
 The Ifland Mayo is generally barren, be- 
 ing dry, as I faid ^ aiid the beft of it is but 
 a very indifferent Soil. The fandy Bank 
 that pens in the Salt-pond hath a fort of 
 Silk Cotton growing upon it, and a Plant 
 that runs along upon the Ground, branch- 
 ing out like a Vine, but with thick broad 
 Leaves. The Silk-Cotton grows on ten- 
 der Shrubs, 3 or 4 Foot high, in Cods as 
 big as an Apple,but of a long (hape 5 which 
 when ripe open at one end,partingleifure- 
 ly into 4 quarters^ and at the firft open- 
 
 C 3 in&^ 
 
fm ^ 
 
 22 
 
 Silk and other Cottoru 
 
 An. i<<99.ing the Cotton breaks forth. It may beef 
 ^lO^*^ ufe fqr ftuflSng of Pillows, or the like 5 
 but elfe is of no value, any more than that 
 of the great Cotton tree. I took of thefe 
 Cods before they were quite ripe, and laid 
 them in my Chefl: 5 and in two or three 
 days they would open and throw out the 
 Cotton. Others I have bound faft with 
 Strings, fo that the Cod could not open 5 
 pnd in a few Days afte r, as foon as I flack- 
 ned the String never fo little, the Cod 
 would burft, and the Cotton fly out force- 
 ably, at a very little hole, juft as the Pulp 
 put of a roafting Apple, till all has been 
 out of the Cod. I met with this fort of 
 Cotton afterwards at Timor (where it 
 was ripe in November) and no where 
 elfe in all my Travels % but I found two 
 other forts of Silk-cotton at Brazil, which 
 I ftall there defcribe. The right Cotton* 
 Shrub grows here alfo, but not on the 
 Sand-bank. I faw fome Bufties of it ne^ir 
 the Shore 5 but the mod of it is planted 
 in the middle of the Ifle,where the Inhabi- 
 tants live, Cotton-cloth being their chief 
 Manufafture 5 but neither is there any 
 great ftore of this Cotton. There alfo are 
 fome Trees within the Ifland, but none to 
 be feen near the Sea-fide 5 nothing but a 
 few Bufhes fcattering up and down againfl: 
 the fides of the adjacent Hills 3 for, as ! 
 (aid before, the Land is pretty high from 
 
 . thf. 
 
Soil of I. Mayo^ Tovonr^ &c. 1 5 
 
 the Sea. The Soil is for the moft parf ^4^. 1699 
 either a fort of Sand, or loofe crumbling ^'^''"^^'^ 
 Stone, without any frefh Water Ponds or 
 Streams,to moiften it^ but only Showers 
 in the Wf t-feafon, which run off as faft as 
 they fall ; except a fmail Spring in the 
 middle of the Ifle, from which proceeds a 
 little Stream of Water that runs through * 
 a Valley between the Hills. There the 
 Inhabitants live in three fmall Towns, ha- 
 ving a Church and Padre in each Tovvn : 
 And thefe Towns, as I was inform'd, are 
 6 or 7 Miles from the Road. Piftofe is faid 
 to be the chief Town, and to have two 
 Churches : St. Johns the next ^ and the 
 third Lagod, The Houfcs are very mean ^ 
 fmall, low Things. They build with 
 Fig-tree 5 here being, as I was told, no 
 other Trees fit to build with. The Raf- 
 ters are a foit of wild Cane. The Fruits 
 of this Ifle are chiefly Figs, and Water- 
 Melons. They have alfo CallAvaftces (a 
 fort of Pulfe like French Beans) and Pump- 
 kins, for ordinary Food. The Fowls arc 
 Flamingo's, Great Curlews, and Guinea- 
 Hens 5 which the Natives of thofe Iflands 
 call GdHena Pintdta, or the Painted Heny 
 but in Jawakit.whQTt I have feen alfo thofe 
 Birds in the dry Savannah's and Woods, 
 f for they love to run about in fuch Places) 
 they arc caird Guwea-licm, They fcem 
 to be much of the Nature of Partridges. 
 
 C 4 They 
 
24 Guinea-He//J' defcribed. 
 
 An. i^pp.They are bigger than our Hens, have 
 ^O^^ long Legs, and will run apace. They qan 
 fly too, but not far, having large heavy 
 Bodies, and Lut (hort Wings, and ftort 
 Tails: As I have generally obferved that 
 Birds have feldom long Tailsunlefsfuchas 
 fly much 5 in which their Tails areufual- 
 ly ferviceable to their turning about, as a 
 Rudder to a Ship or Boat. Thefe Birds 
 have thick and ftrong, yet (harp Bills, 
 pretty long Claws, and (hort Tails. They 
 feed on the Ground, either* on Worms, 
 which they find by tearing open the 
 Earth 5 or on Gra(hoppers, which are 
 plentiful here. The Feathers of thefe 
 Birds are fpeckled with dark and light 
 Gray 5 the Spots fo regular and uniform, 
 that they look more beautiful than many 
 Birds that are deck*d with gayer Feathers. 
 Their Necks are fmall and long^ their 
 Heads alfo but little. The Cocks have a 
 fmall rifing on their Crowns, like a fort of 
 a Comb. Tisof thecolourof adry Wall- 
 nut-(hell, and very hard. They have a 
 fmall red Gill on each fide of their Heads, 
 like Ears, (trutting out dov/nwards ^ but 
 tjhe Hens have none. They are fo (trong 
 that one cannot hole! them ^ and very 
 hardy. They are very good Meat, ten- 
 der, and fwe«t 5 and in fome the Fle(]3 is 
 extraordinary white^ tho* fome others 
 k^VQ black FleCtji, ; But both foru ^re very 
 
 good, 
 
Birds and Beajls of I. Mayo. 1 5 
 
 good. The Natives take them With Dogs, ^^'^^ ^^99- 
 •tunning them down whenever they pleafe^ l/nTV 
 for here are abundance of them. You 
 (hall fee 2 or 300 in a company. I had 
 feveral brought aboard alive, where they 
 throve very well 5 fome of them 1$ or 
 18 Months 5 when they began to pine. 
 When they are taken young they will be- 
 come tame like our Hens. The Flamw- 
 go's I have already defcrib^d at large, 
 [Vol. I. p. 79.] They have alfo many o- 
 ther fort of Fowls, viz. Pidgcons and Tur- 
 tle-doves 5 Mimotas, a fort of Land- fowls 
 as big as Crows, of a grey colour, and . 
 good Food ^ Cr/z/^'s, another fort of grey- 
 colour'd Fowl almoft as big as a Crow, 
 which are only feen in the Night (proba- 
 bly a fort of Owls) and arc faid to be good 
 for confumptive People, but eaten by 
 none elfe. Rabek\ a fort of large grey 
 eatable Fowls with long Necks and Legs, 
 not unlike Herons 5 and many kinds of 
 fmall Birds. 
 
 Of Land-Animals, here are Goats, as 
 I faid formerly, and Affes good ftore. 
 When I was here before they were 
 faid to have had a great many Bulls 
 and Cows : But the Pirates, who have 
 fince miferablv infefted all thefe Iflands, 
 have much leflen d the number of thofe^ 
 not having fpar'd the Inhabitants them- 
 felve^; for at my being tKeie this time th? 
 
 Cover- 
 
26 F//Za^ and laying of Turtle, 
 
 Ai. 1699- Governor of Mayo was but newly rcturnd 
 ^■''^^^^^ from being a Prifoner among them, thejP 
 having taken him away, and carried him 
 about with them for a Year or two. 
 
 The Sea is plentifully ftock'd with Fifti 
 of divert) forts, viz. Dolphins, Boneta's, 
 Mullets, Snappers, Siiver-fifh, Gar-fifli, 
 &c. and here is a good Bay to hale a Sain 
 or Net in. I hard ff/nc feveral times, 
 and to good purpofe ^ dragging afhore at 
 one time 6 dozen of great Fi(h, moft of 
 them large Mullets of a foot and a half 
 or two foot long. Here are alfo Porpofes, 
 and a fmall fort of Whales, that common- 
 ly vifit this Road every day. I have al- 
 ready faid, [Vol. I. p. 75.3 That the 
 Months of May^ Jn^e, July and AnguHy 
 (that is, the Wet Seafon) are the time 
 when the Green Turtle come hither, and 
 go afhore to lay their Eggs. I look upon 
 it as a thing worth taking Notice of, that 
 the Turtle (hould always, both in North 
 and South Latitude, lay their Eggs in the 
 wet Months. It might be thought, con- 
 sidering what great Rains there are then 
 in fome places where thefe Creatures lay, 
 that their Eggs (hould be fpoiled by them> 
 But the Rain, tho* violent, is foon foaked 
 up by the Sand, wherein the Eggs are buri- 
 ed 5 and perhaps finks not fo deep into it as 
 the Eggs are laid : And keeping down the 
 Heat may make the Sand better below 
 
 than 
 
The Natives of I. Mayo. 27 
 
 than it was before, like a Hot- bed. What-^"- ^^99- 
 ever the Rcafon may be why Providence ^•''''^'^*^ 
 determines thefe Creatures to this Seafon 
 of laying their Eggs, rather than the Dry, 
 in Fad it is fo, as I have conftaritly ob- 
 ferv*d 3 and that not only with the Sea- 
 Turtle, but with all other forts of Amphi- 
 bious Animals that lay Eggs 5 as Croco- 
 dils. Alligators, Guano's, c^^. The In- 
 habitants of this Ifland, even their Gover-^ 
 nour and Padres, arc all Negro's, Wool- 
 pated like their ^/nV/f»-Neighbours 5 from 
 whom 'tis like they are defcended 3 tho* 
 being Sub jefts to the Portugtfcze ^they have 
 their Religion and Language. They are 
 ftout, lufty, well-limb'd People, both Men 
 and Women, fat and flelhy 5 and they 
 and their Children as round and plump 
 as little Porpofes^ tho' the Ifland appears 
 fo barren to a Stranger as fcarce to have 
 Food for its Inhabitants. I inquired how 
 many People there might be on the lile 5 
 And was tolc by one of the Padre's, that 
 here were 230 Souls in all. The Negro- 
 Governor has his Patent from the Portn- 
 gueze Governour of St. J ago. He is a very 
 civil and fenfible poor Man^ and they are 
 generally a good fort of People. He ex- 
 pefts a fmall Prefent from every Com- 
 mander that lades Salt here 5 and is glad to 
 be invited aboard their Ships. He fpends 
 moft of his time with the EvgUJh in the 
 
 Saltinff 
 
 .♦ 
 
 -s 
 
An. I 
 
 aS . E>Mployments of the Nati'ves. 
 
 £99. Salting Seafon, which is his Harvefl:^ and 
 indeed, all the Ill^'.nders are then fully em- 
 ployed in getting fomewhat 5 for they 
 have no Vcffels of their own fo Trade 
 with, nor do any Portugueze'V Q^th comt 
 hither: fcarceany but ErtgUJI}^ on whom 
 they depend for Trade ^ and tho* Subjefts 
 oi Portugal, have a particular Value for us. 
 We don't pay them for their Salt, but for 
 the Labour of themfelves and their Beads 
 in lading it; for which we give them Vi- 
 ftuals, fomeMony, and old Cloaths, vm. 
 Hats, Shirts, and other Cloaths: By which 
 means many of them are indifferently well 
 rigg'd^ bur fomeof them goalmoftNaked. 
 When the Turtle-feafon comes in they 
 watch the Sandy-bays in the Night, to 
 turn them ^ and having fmall Huts at par- 
 ticular Places on the Bays to keep them 
 from the Rain, and to fleep in : And this 
 is another Har veft they have for Food ^ for 
 by Report there come a great many Tur* 
 tie to this and the reft of the Cape Verd 
 Ifldfids, When the Turtle Seafon is over 
 they have little to do but to hunt for 
 G«j«e<j-Hens,and manage their fmall Planr 
 tations. But by thefe means they have all 
 the Year fome Employment or other ^ 
 whereby they get a Subfiftence, tho* but 
 little elfe. When any of them are defirous 
 to go ovei: tQ St. 'jago they get a Licence 
 i&ora the GovQrnor, and dcfire paffage in. 
 
 any 
 
jjfes. 1. St. jago. Praya. a^ 
 
 ^wy'Engliflj Ship that is going thither : An. 1699, 
 And indeed all Ships that lade Salt here ^^'^^^^^'^^ 
 will be obliged to touch at St. Jago for 
 Water, for here at the Bay is none, not 
 fo much as for Drinking. Tis true there 
 is a fmall Well of brackifti Water not half 
 a mile from the Landing-place, which the 
 Affes that carry Salt drink at -^ but 'tis very- 
 bad Water. Affes themfelves are a Com- 
 modity in fome of thefe Iflands, fevcral 
 of our Ships coming hither purpofely to 
 freight with them, and carry them to B^r- 
 badoes and our other Plantations. I flay*d 
 at Mayo .6 days, and got 7 or 8 Tun of 
 Salt aboard for my Voyage : In which 
 time there came alfo into this Road feve- 
 
 • 
 
 ral Sail of Merchants Ships for Salt 5 all 
 bound with it for Nevpjoundland, 
 
 The 1 9th day of Feir/Mrji, at about One 
 a Clock in the Morning I weighed from 
 M^j/^-Road, in order to Water at St. Jago^ 
 which was about 5 or 6 Leagues to the 
 Weft ward. We coafted along the Ifland 
 St, Jago., and part by the Port on theEaft 
 of it, I mention d formerly [Vol. I- p. 76.] 
 which they call Pray a -^ where fome Eng- 
 lift] outward-bound Eajl-India Men ftill 
 touch, but not fo many of them as hereto- 
 fore. We fa w the Fort upon the Hill, the * 
 Houfes and Coco-nut Trees: But I would 
 not go into anchor here, becaufelexpe- 
 fted better Water on the S^ W. of the 
 
 Ifland, • 
 
^o 77^^ ^' arri'vcs at St. Jago T. 
 
 ^f^l^j^^Kland, at St. J ago Town. By 8 a Clock 
 ""^^"^^^^^ in the Morning we faw the Ships in that 
 Road, being within 5 Leagues of it; But 
 were forc'd to keep Turning many hours 
 to get in, the Flaws of Wind coming fo 
 uncertain ^ as they do efpecial ly to the Lee- 
 ward of Iflands that are High Land. At 
 length two Portugucze Boats came off to 
 help tow us in ^ and about 5 a Clock in 
 the Afternoon wc came to an Anchor 5 
 and took the Profpeft of the Town, 
 [Table ILN°. 5.] We found here, be* 
 fides two PortngHe%e'%\\\\iS bound for 
 Brazil, vv^hofe Boats had tow'd us in, 
 an EfjgliJJ) Pink that had taken in 
 Afles at one of the Cape Verd Iflands, 
 and was bound to Barbadees with them. 
 Next Morning I went afhore with my 
 Officers to the Governor, who treated us 
 with Sweet-meats: I told him, the occa- 
 fion of my coming was chiefly for Water 5 
 and that I defired alfo to take in fome Re- 
 freftiments of Fowls, &c. He faid I was 
 welcom, and that he would order the 
 Townfmen to bring their Commodities to 
 a certain Houfe, where I might purchafe 
 what I had occafion for : I told him I had 
 not Mony, but would exchange fome of 
 * the Salt which.! brought from Mayo for 
 their Commodities. He repiy*d, that Salt 
 was indeed an acceptable Commodity with 
 the poor People, but that if I defigVd to 
 
 biiv^ 
 
f. 
 
 St. Jago T. defcribed. 51 
 
 buy any Cattle, I muft give Mony for^«:>^99- 
 them. I contented my felf with taking in ^-^^^''^ 
 Dunghil Fowls: The Governor ordering 
 a Cryer to go about the Town and give 
 notice to the People,that they might repair 
 to fuch a place with Fowls and Maiz for 
 feeding them, where they might get Salt iu 
 exchange for them : So I fent on board for 
 Salt, and ordered fome of my Men to truck 
 the fame for the Fowls and Maiz, while 
 thereft of them were bufie in filling of Wa- 
 ter. This is the effeft of their keeping no 
 Boats of their own on the feveral Iflands, 
 that they are glad to buy even their own 
 Salt of Foreigners, for want of being able 
 to tranfport it themfelves from Ifland ro 
 Ifland. 
 
 St. Jdgo Town lies on the S. W. part of 
 the Ifland, in Lat. about 15 Deg. N. 
 and is the Scat of the General Governour, 
 and of the Biftiop of all the Cdpe Ferd 
 Iflands. This Town ftands fcattering a- 
 gainft the fides of two Mountains, be- 
 tween which there is a deep Vally, which 
 is about 200 Yards wide againft the Sea 5 
 but within a quarter of a mile it clofes up 
 fo as not to be 40 Yards wide. In the 
 Valley, by the Sea, there is a ftragling 
 Street, Houfes on each fide, and a Run of 
 Water in the bottom, which empties it 
 felf into a fine fmall Cove or fandy Bay, 
 where the Sea is commonly very fmooth : 
 
 fo 
 
5 1 Ncith^es of St. Jago. 
 
 An. \6r^. fo tlMt here is good Watering and good 
 '"^''^'^^ Landing at any time ^ tho' the Road be 
 rocky and bad ^'or i^hips. Jnfi: by the 
 Landing-place th e is a fmall Fort,almoft 
 level with the i-ea, where is always a 
 Court of Guard kept. On the top of the 
 Hill, above the Town, there is another 
 Fort ^ which, by the Wall that is to be 
 feen from the Road, feems to be a large • 
 Place. Tbey have Cannon mounted there, 
 but how many know I not : Neither what 
 ufe that Fort can be of, except it be for Sa- 
 lutes. TheTovvnroayconfiftof 2or5CO 
 Houfes, all built of rough Stone^ having 
 alfo one Convent, and one Church. 
 • The People in general are black, or at 
 leaft of a mixt colour, except only fome 
 few of the better fort, viz, the Governor, 
 the Biftiop, fome Gentlemen, and fome of 
 the Pad res ^ for fome of thefe alfo are black. 
 The People about Pray a areThievifh^ but 
 thefe of St» Jago Town, living under their 
 Governour's Eye, are more orderly, thb* 
 generally poor, having little Trade: Yet 
 befides chance Ships of other Nations, 
 there come hither a Portugneze^hi^oxivjo 
 every Year, in their way io Brazil. Thefe 
 vend among them a few European Com- 
 modities, and take of their principalMa- 
 nufaaureSjWa.Ilriped Cotton- cloth, which 
 they carry with them to Brazil. Here is 
 ilfo another Ship comes hither from For- 
 
 tHgal 
 
 I. 
 
y^ /^ 
 
 (•VI' 
 
 Sugar. Wine. Fruits. 22 
 
 tttgal for Sugar, their other Manufadure, An.j699. 
 and returns with it direftly thither : For 
 'tis reported that there are fcveral fmall 
 Sugar-works on thislfland, from which 
 they fend home near 100 Tun every Year ^ 
 and they have plenty of Cotton growing 
 up in the Country, wherewith they cloath 
 themfelves, and fend alfo a great deal to^ 
 Brdzil. They have Vines, of which they 
 make fome Whie^ but the European Ships 
 furnifli them with better 5 tho* they drink 
 but Httle of any. Their chief Fruits are, 
 (befides Plantains in abundance) Oranges, 
 Lemons, Citrons, Melons, (both Musk 
 and Water-melons) Limes, Guava's, Pom- 
 granates, Quinces, Cuftard- Apples, and 
 Pa pah's, &c. 
 
 The Cuftard- Apple (as we call it) is a 
 Fruit as big as a Pomegranate^ and much of 
 the fame colour. The out-fide Husk, 
 Shell or Rind, is for fubftance and thick- 
 nefs between the Shell of a Pomegranate, 
 and the Peel of a »9ez;/7-Orange 3 fofter than 
 this, yet more brittle than that. The Coat 
 or Covering is alfo remarkable in that it is 
 befet round with fmall regular Knobs or 
 Rifings^ and the infide of the Fruit is full of 
 a white foft Pulp, fweet and very pleafant, 
 and raoft refembling a Cuftard of any 
 thing, both in Colour and Tafte : From 
 whence probably it is called a Cuftard - 
 Apple by our EngUJIj. It has in the mid- 
 
 D die 
 
54 Ciid^Td- Apple. Pa pah. 
 
 'An. 1599. die a few fraall black "Stones or Kernels ^ 
 ^^^^ but no Core, for 'tis all Fulp. The Tree 
 that bears this Fruit is about thebignefsof 
 a Quince-tree, with long, fmall, and thick- 
 fetRnnches fpread much abroad: At the 
 Extremiiy of here and there one of which 
 the Fruit grows upon a Stalk of its own 
 about 9 or 10 Inches long, flender and 
 tough, and hanging down with its own 
 weight. A large Tree of this fort does not 
 bear ufually above 20 or 30 Apples 5 fel- 
 dom more. This Fruit grows in moft 
 Countries within the Tropicks, I have 
 feen of them (tho* I omitted the Dcfcrip- 
 tion of them before) all over the Weft- 
 Indies^ both Continent and Iflinds 5 as 
 alfo in Brazil^ and in the Eaft-Indies, 
 
 The Paptih too is found in all thefe 
 Countries, though I have not hitherto de- 
 fcrib'd it. It is a Fruit about the bignefs 
 of a Musk-Melon, hollow as that is, and 
 much refembling it in Shape and Colour, 
 both outfide and infide: Only in the mid- 
 die, inftead of flat Kernels, which the Me- 
 • Ions have, thefe have a handful of fmall 
 blackifh Seeds, about the bignefs of Pep- 
 per-corns 5 whofe Tafte is alfo hot on the 
 Tongue fomewhat like Pepper. The Fruit 
 It felf is fwe&t, foft and lufcious, when 
 ripe ^ but while green 'tis hard and un- 
 fa vory : tho' even then being boiled and 
 eaten with Salt-pork or Beef, it fcrves in- 
 ftead 
 
Papah. Beafis of St. Jago. g^ 
 
 ftead of Turnips, and is as muchefteemed. An, 1699, 
 The Papah-Tree is about 10 or 12 Foot ^^^^^ 
 high. The Body near the Ground may 
 be a Foot and an half or a Foot Diameter^ 
 and it grows up tapering to the top. It 
 has no Branches at all, but only large 
 Leaves growing immediately upon Stalks 
 from the Body. The Leaves are of a • 
 
 roundifh Form and jag d about the Edges, 
 having their Stalks or Stumps longer or 
 fliorter as they grow near or further from 
 the top. They begin to fpring from out 
 of the Body of the Tree at about 6 or 7 
 Foot heighth from the Ground, the Trunk 
 being bare below : But above that the 
 Leaves grow thicker and larger ftill to- 
 wards ifs Top, where they are clofe and 
 broad. The Fruit grows only among the 
 Leaves ^ and thickeft among the thickeft 
 of them 5 infomuch that towards the top 
 of the Tree the P ayahs fprings forth from 
 its Body as thick as they can ftick one by 
 another. But then lower down, where 
 the Leaves are thinner, the Fruit is larger^ 
 and of the fize I have defcrib'd : And at 
 the Top, where they are thick, they are 
 but fmall,' and no bigger than ordinary 
 Turnips 5 yet tafted like the refl:. 
 
 Their chief Land- Animals are their 
 Bullocks, which are faid to be many 3 
 tho' they ask us 20 Dollars apiece for • 
 them ; They have alfo Horfes, Affes, and 
 
 D i Mules 
 
5 6 Animals of St. Jago. Its Road. 
 
 All, 1699 *M\Ji\QS, Deer, Goats, Hogs, and black-* 
 ly^r^ fac'd long-tail'd Monkeys. Of Fowls they 
 have Cocks and Hens, Ducks, Guinea- 
 Hens, both tame and wild, Parakites, 
 Parrots, Pidgeons, Turtle-Dov.es, Herons, 
 Hawks, Crab catchers, Galdens, (a larger 
 fort of Crab-catchers) Curlews, &c. 
 Their Fi(h is the fame as at Mayo and the 
 reft of thefe Klands, and for the moft part 
 thefe lOands have the fame Beafts and 
 Birds alfo -^ But fome of the Ifles have 
 Pafturage and Employment for fome par- 
 ticular Beafts more than other ^ and the 
 Birds are incourag'd, by Woods for ftiel- 
 tcr, and Maiz and Fruits fir Food, to flock 
 rather to fome of the lllands (as to this of 
 St. Jago) than to others. 
 
 St. Jago Road is one of the worft that 
 I have been in. There is not clean 
 Ground enough for above three Ships , 
 and thofe alfo muft lye very near each 0- 
 ther. One even of thefe muft lye dole 
 to the Shore, with a Land-faft there: 
 And that is the beft for a fmall Ship. I 
 (hould not have come in here if I had not 
 been told that it was a good fecure place; 
 but I found it fo much otherways, that I 
 was in pain to be gone. Captain Barefoot, 
 who came to an Anchor while I was here, 
 in foul Ground, loft quickly 2 Anchors -, 
 
 and 
 
 and I h 
 Fogo (h 
 plain, a 
 and in t 
 Fire iffu 
 
I. Fogo. 
 
 37 
 
 lack* 
 they 
 tinea- 
 
 kites, 
 ?rons, 
 larger 
 
 ad the 
 ►ft part 
 ts and 
 ; have 
 ne par- 
 nd the 
 or (hel- 
 to flock 
 ) this of 
 
 and I had loft a fmall one. The Ifland r":^^i99 
 Fogo (hews its felf from this Road very 
 plain, at about 7 or 8 Leagues diftance ^' 
 and in the Night we faw the Flames of 
 Fire iffuing from its Top. 
 
 »rft that 
 
 ►t clean 
 
 Ships ^ 
 
 each 0- 
 
 [ye 
 
 clofe 
 
 there : 
 
 |Ship. I 
 had not 
 e place 5 
 that 1 
 
 irefoot, 
 ras here, 
 .ttchors ^ 
 
 D3 
 
 CHAP. 
 
3« 
 
 The Contents. 
 
 An. i699' 
 
 CHAP. IL 
 
 % 
 
 The A's Deliberation on thi Sequel of 
 his Voyage ^ and Departure from 
 St. Jago. Hk Courje ^ and the 
 Winds^ &c. in crojjing the Line. 
 Hejiands away for the Bay of All- 
 Saints in Brazil , and why. His 
 Arrival on that Coaji and in the 
 Bay. Of the fei/eral Forts^ the 
 Road^ Situation^ Torvn^ and Builds 
 ingf of Eiahia. Of its Go'vernour^ 
 Ships and Merchants ^ and Com- 
 modities to and front Europe. Clay- 
 ing of Sugar. The Seajon for the 
 European Ships^ and Coire Ca- 
 bles : Of their Gumc2i' trade^ and 
 of the Coafling'trade^ and W hale- 
 killing. Of the Inhabitants of Ba- 
 li ia ^ their carrying in Hammocks \ 
 their Artifcers^ Crane for Goods ^ 
 and Negro - Slaz^es. Of the 
 Country about Bahia^ its Soil and 
 Prodiicf. Its Timber 'trees -^ the 
 
 Sapi" 
 
n 
 
 el of 
 
 from 
 
 the 
 
 .ine. 
 
 All. 
 
 His 
 the 
 the 
 \uild' 
 tiour^ 
 Corn- 
 Clay- 
 )r the 
 2 Ca- 
 
 and 
 ^hak" 
 fBa- 
 
 ocks "^ 
 wodsj 
 
 the 
 I and 
 
 the 
 Sapi 
 
 The Contents. ^p 
 
 Sapicra^ Vermiatico^ Comeflcric^^'^p9 
 Guitteba^ Serrie^ and Mangro'ves, 
 the Paji^rd-Coco^ tts Nuts and 
 Cahles : and the Silk-Cptton^ trees. 
 Th Brafilian Fruits^ Oranges^ &c. 
 Of the Sour-fops^ Cailiew's^ a7td 
 Jennipah's. Of their peculiar 
 Fruits ^ Arifah's ^ Mcricafah's ^ 
 Petango's^ Pctumbo's^ Munga- 
 roo's ^ Muckiihaw's ^ Ingwa's^ 
 Otec's^ and Muftcran de ova's. 
 Of tlje Palm-berries^ Fhyfickmits^ 
 Mendibee's^ d^c. and their Roots 
 and Herbsy Sec. Of their Wild- 
 Fowl ^ Maccarvs^ Parrots^ &c. 
 The Yemma ^ Carrion-Crow and 
 Chattering-crow ^ BilPbird^ Currefoj 
 Tnrtle-do've and Wild-pigeons , the 
 Jenetec^ Clocking-hen^ Crab-catcher ^ 
 Galden^ and black Heron :■ The 
 Dttcks^ Wigeon and Teal ; and 
 Ofiriges to the Southward^ and of 
 the Dunghil-fowls. Of their Cat- 
 tle^ Horfes^ &c. Leopards a??d 
 Tiger s. Of their Serpents , the 
 Kattle-Snake^ [mall Creen-Snake^ 
 
 D 
 
 Am- 
 
40 
 
 An, I ^9 p. 
 
 The A. designs for Brazil. 
 
 Amphisbaena ^ imdl Black and 
 fmall Grey-Snake:^ the great Land^ 
 and the great Water-Snake: And of 
 the Water-dog. Of their Sea-fipj 
 and Turtle j and of St. Paul's^ 
 Town. 
 
 HAving difpatcli^d my fmall Affairs at 
 the C, Ferd Iflands, I meditated on 
 the proccfs of my Voyage. I thought it 
 requifite to touch once more at a cultivated 
 Place in thefe Seas, where my Men might 
 be refrefli'd, and might have a Market 
 wherein to furni(h themfelves with Ne- 
 ceffaries : For defigning that my next 
 Stretch (hoiild be quite to N. Holland, and 
 knowing that after fo long a Run nothing 
 was tobeexpefted there bu^ freflh Water, 
 if I could meet even with that there, I re- 
 folved upon putting in firft at fome Port 
 of Brazil^ and to provide my felf there 
 with whatever I might have further oc- 
 cafion for. Befide the ref refhing and fur- 
 nifliing my Men, I aim'd alfo at the inuring 
 them gradually and by intervals to the Fa- 
 tigues that were to be expcfted in the re- 
 mainder of the Voyage, which was to be 
 in a partof the Worldthey were altogether | 
 Strangers to ^ none of them, except two 
 young Men, having ever crofs'd the Lm.\ 
 
 Witk 
 
The A. departs from St. Jago. 4 1 
 
 With this DeGgn J faird from St Jago ^^ »^P9. 
 on the 22d of Fehrudry, with the Winds at ^""^^^^^^ 
 E. N. E. and N. E. fair Weather, and a 
 brisk Gale. We fteered away S. S. E. and 
 S. S. E. half Eaft, till in the Lat. of 
 7 deg. 50 min. we met with many Rip. 
 lings in the Sea like a Tide or fkrong Cur- 
 rent, which fetting againft the Wind 
 caused fuch a Ripling. We continued to 
 meet thefe Currents from that Lat. till we 
 came into the Lat, of 3 ddg. 22 N. when 
 they ceafed. During this time we faw 
 fome Boneta's, and Sharks ^ catching one of 
 thefe. We had the true General Trade- 
 Wind blowing frefh at N. E. till in the 
 Lat. of 4 deg. 40 min. N. when the Wind 
 varied, and we had fmall Gales, with fome 
 Tornadces. We were then to the Eaft of 
 St. Jago 4 deg. 54 min. when we got 
 into Lat. 3 deg. 2 min. N. (where I faid 
 the Ripling ceas*d) and Long, to the 
 Eaft of St. Jago 5 deg. 2 min. we had the 
 Wind whiffling between the S. by E. and 
 E. by N. fmall Gales, frequent Calms, 
 very black Clouds, with much Rain. In 
 the Lat. of 3 deg. 8 min. N. and Long.E, 
 from St, Jago 5 deg. 8 min. we had th^ 
 Wind from the S. S. E. to the N. N. E- 
 faint, and often interrupted with Calms. 
 While wc had Calms we had the opportu- 
 nity of trying the Current we had met 
 with hitherto, and found that it fet N. B. 
 
4^ The A. crojfes the Line. 
 
 f^l^J^ by E. half a Knot, which is 12 mile ia 
 ^^^'^^ 24 hours: So that here it ran at the Rate 
 of half a mile an hour, and had been 
 much ftronger before. The Rains held 
 ns by intervals till the Lat. of i deg. 
 o min. N. with fmall Gales of Wind be- 
 tween S. S, E. and S. E. by E. and fome- 
 times calm: Afterwards we had the Wind 
 between the S. & S. S. E. till we crofs'd 
 the Line, fmall Winds, Calms, and pretty 
 fair Weather. We faw but few Fi(h be- 
 fide Porpofes ^ but of them a great many, 
 and ftruck one of them. 
 
 It was the loth of March, about" the 
 time of the Eqmnox^ when we crofs'd the 
 EtjPtator, having had all along from the 
 Lat. of 4 dc^. 4c min. N. where the True 
 Trade Wind left us, a great fwell out of 
 the S. E. and but fmall uncertain Gales, 
 moftly Southerly, fo that we crept to the 
 Southward but ilowly. I kept up againft 
 thefe as well as I could to the Southward, 
 and when we had now and then a flurry of 
 Wind atE^ I ftill went away due South, 
 purpofely to get to the Southward as faft 
 as I could 5 for while near the Line I expe- 
 fted to have but uncertain Winds, fre- 
 quent Calms, Rains, Tornadoes, &c, 
 which would not only retard myCourfe, 
 but endanger Sicknefs alfo among my Men : 
 efpccially thofe who were ill provided with 
 tptaaths, or were too laisy to (hift them- 
 . felvcs 
 
 Obfei 
 
 felves \ 
 Rains, 
 them c! 
 Dramc 
 wet, w 
 they Wi 
 Hammc 
 that wi 
 fmell V 
 Hammc 
 think tl 
 Care of 
 efpecial 
 Month 
 Rains, 
 jane, ^ 
 Wha 
 rents, V 
 is chiefl 
 I have 1: 
 thefe M 
 the Lin( 
 
 in the \ 
 p. 5, 6, 
 very m 
 of this 
 in fever 
 in my 
 fay this 
 that Tl 
 had ab 
 rely uf 
 
Obferuations for crofflng the Line. 42 
 
 felves when they were drenched with the ^« i^p^ 
 Rains. The Heat of the Weather made '-^^^'''^ 
 them carelefs of doing this 5 but taking a 
 Dram of Brandy, which I gave them when 
 wet, with a Charge to (hift themfelves, 
 they would however lye down in their 
 Hammocks with their Wet Cloaths 5 fo 
 that when they turn'd out they caused an ill 
 fmell where-ever they came, and their 
 Hammocks would ftinkfufficiently^ that I 
 think the Remedying of this is worth the 
 Care of Commanders that crofs the Line 5 
 efpecially when they arc, it may be, a 
 Month or more e'er they get out of the 
 Rains, at fometimes of the Year, as in 
 june^ jfily, or Augttft, 
 
 What I have here faid about the Cur* 
 rents. Winds, Calms, &c, in this Paffage, 
 is chiefly for the farther illuftration of what 
 I have heretofore obferv'd in general about 
 thefe Matters, and efpecially as to Crofiing 
 theLine,inmy Difcourfeofthe Winds ^ &c. 
 in the Torrid Zone : [See Vol. IL Part 3. 
 p. 5, 6.] Which Obfervations I have had 
 very much confirmed to me in the Coucfe 
 of this Voyage 5 and I (hall particulariis 
 in feveral of the chief of them as they come 
 in my Way. And indeed I think I may 
 fay this of the main of the Obfervations in 
 that Treatife, that the clear fatisfadion I 
 had about them, and how much I might 
 rely upon them, was a great Eafe to my 
 
 Mind 
 
m»^ 
 
 1>/^V\^' 
 
 44 The A. dcfigns for Pernambuc. 
 
 -411;^ 1^99. Mind during this Vexatious Voyage 5 
 ' ^^ wherein the Ignorance, and Obftinacy 
 withal, of fome under me, occafion d mc 
 a great deal of Trouble : Tho* they found 
 all along, and were often forc*d to ac» 
 knowledge it, that I was feldom out in 
 my Conjeftures, when I told them ufually 
 before-hand what Winds, &c, we (hould 
 meet w?th at fuch or fucli particular places 
 'v^ Uiould come at. 
 
 \r jvnambuc was the Port that I defigned 
 for at L y firft fetting out from 5/. J ago ^ it 
 being a place moft proper for my purpofe, 
 by reafon of its Situation, lying near the 
 Extremity of C. St, Attguflwe^ the Eaftern- 
 moft Promontory of Brazil ^ by which 
 means it not only enjoys the greater bene- 
 fit of the Sea-breezes, and is confequently 
 more healthy than other Places to the 
 Southward, but is withal lefs fubjeft to 
 the Southerly Coafting-Trade-winds, that 
 blow half the Year on this Shore ^ which 
 were now drawing on, and might be 
 troublefome to me; So that I might both 
 hope to reach fooneft Femambnc^ as moft 
 4lreftly and neareft in my Run ^ and might 
 thence alfo more eafily get away to the 
 Southward than from Bahia de Taclos hs 
 Santos^ or RU Jatieha, 
 
 But notwithftanding thefe Advantages 
 
 I propos'd to my felf in going to Femambuc^ 
 
 I was foQi) put by that Defigo through the 
 
 i re- 
 
And why he quitted that Defign. 45 
 
 refraftorinefs of ibme under me, and^'i^j^' 
 the Difcontents and Backwardnefs of*"^"^^ 
 Come of my Men. For the Calms 
 and Shiftings of Winds which I met 
 with, as 1 was to expeft, in eroding 
 the Line, made them, who were un- 
 acquainted with thefe Matters, almoft 
 heartlefs as to the purfuit of the Voyage, 
 as thinking wc (hould never be able to 
 weather Cape St. AugHJiwe : And though 
 I told them that by that time we 
 fhould get to about three Degrees 
 South of the Line, we {houlc again 
 have a true brisk general liade-Wind 
 from the North-Eaft, that would carry 
 us to what part of Brazil we pleased, 
 yet they would not believe it till they 
 found it fo. This, with fome other un- 
 forefecn Accidents, not neceffary to be 
 mention'd in this place, meeting with 
 the Averfion of my Men to a long 
 unknown Voyage, made me juftly ap- 
 prehenfive of their Revolting, and 
 was a great Trouble and Hindrance to 
 me. So that I was obliged partly to 
 alter my Meafures , and met with ma- 
 ny Difficulties, the Particulars of which 
 I Ihall not trouble the Reader with : 
 But I mention thus much of it in ge- 
 neral for my own neceffary Vindica- 
 tion, m ray taking fuch meafures fome- 
 
 times 
 
4^ He tefohes for the J5. of All-Saints. 
 
 -An. 1699. times for profecuting the Voyage as the 
 '•^^^^^''^ ftate of my Ships Crew , rather than 
 my own Judgment and Experience, de- 
 termined me to. The Diforders of my 
 Ship made me think at prefent that 
 Perndwbuc would not be fo fit a place 
 for me ^ being told that Ships ride there 
 two or three Leagues from the Town, 
 under the Command of no Forts 5 fo 
 that whenever I fliould have been a- 
 fhore it might have been eafie for my 
 difcontented Crew to have cut or flipt 
 their Cables, and have gone away from 
 me : Many of them difcovering already 
 an intention to return to Efjgland^ and 
 fome of them declaring openly that 
 they would go no further onwards than 
 Brdzil. I altcr'd my Courfe therefore, 
 and ftood away for Bahh de todos los 
 Santos^ or the Bay of all Saints , where 
 I hop'd to have the Governour's help, if 
 need fhould require, for fecuring my Ship 
 from any fuch mutinous Attempt 5 being 
 forced to keep my felf all the way upon my 
 Guard, and to lie with my Officers, fuch 
 as I could truft, and with fmall Arms 
 upon the Quarter-Deck 5 it fcarce be- 
 ing fafe for me to lie in my Cabbin, by 
 rcafon of the Difcontents among my 
 Men. 
 
 On 
 
Arrifval at Brazil. j^y 
 
 On the 25d oi March we faw the Land ^^- ^^99 
 of Brdzil ^ having had thither, from the ^^^'^^''^• 
 time when we crime into the true Trade- 
 Wind again after eroding the Line, very 
 fair Weather and brisk Gales, moftly atE. 
 N. E. The Land we faw was about 20 
 Leagues to the North of Bahia ^ fo I coaft- 
 ed p.!oiig Shore to the Southward. This 
 Coaft is rather low than high, with Sandy- 
 Bays all along by the Sea. 
 
 A little within Land are many very 
 whiteSpots of Sand, appearing likeSnow^ 
 and the Coaft looks very pleafant, being 
 checkered with Woods and Savannahs. The 
 Trees in general are not tall ^ but they 
 are green and flourifliing. There are ma- 
 ny fmall Houfes by the Sea-fide, whofe 
 Inhabitants are chiefly Fiftiermen. They 
 come off to Sea on Barklogs, made of fe- 
 veral Logs faften'd fide to fide, that have 
 one or two Marts with Sails to them. 
 There arc two Men in each Barklog, one 
 at either end, having fmall low Benches, 
 raifcd a little above the Logs, to fit and 
 fifti on, and two Baskets hanging up at 
 the Maft or Mafts ^ one to put their Pro- 
 vifions in, the other for their Fi(h. Many 
 of thefe were a-fi(hing now, and two of 
 them came aboard , of whom I bought 
 fome Fifli. In the Afternoon ive failed by 
 one very remarkable piece of Land, where, 
 ^vi a fmall pleafant Hill , there was a 
 
 Church 
 
4^ The A. amhord at Baliia de T. S. 
 
 An. 1699. Church dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Sec 
 ^^^^^'^^^ a Sight of fomc parrs of this Coaft [Table 
 III. No. I, 2, 3, 4, 5.] and of the Hill the 
 Church Itands on [Table III. N% i.] 
 
 I coafted along till the Evening, and 
 then brought to, and lay by till the next 
 Morning. About 2 hours after we were 
 brought to, there came a Sail out of the 
 Offin (from Seaward) and lay by about a 
 Mile to Windward of us, and fo lay all 
 Night. In the Morning, upon fpcaking 
 with her, (he proved to be a Portitgmze 
 Ship bound to Bahia-^ therefore I fentmy 
 Boat aboard and defired to have one of his 
 Mates to Pilot me in: He anfwer*d, That 
 he had not a Mate capable of it, but that 
 he would Sail in before me, and (hew me 
 the way ^ and that if Jie went into the 
 Harbour in the Night, he would hangout 
 a Light for me. He faid we had not far 
 in, and might reach it before Night with a 
 tolerable Gale^ but that with fo fmallan 
 one as now we had we could not do it : So 
 we jog'd on till Night, and then he ac- 
 cordingly hung out his Light,, which w« 
 (leered after, founding as we went in. I 
 kept all my Men on Deck, and had an 
 Anchor ready to let go on occafion. We 
 had the Tide of Ebb againft us, fo that 
 we went in but (lowly 5 and it was about 
 the middle of the Night when we Anchored. 
 Immediately the PortHgm%c Mafter came 
 
 aboard 
 
an 
 We 
 Ithat 
 
 )Ollt 
 
 tame 
 >ard 
 
 tahUnt 
 
 1F» 
 
 Cone*ptum, efy VX^try 
 
 Brazil T ^8 
 
 Thd. Lan^ to J/ Somh'ward of V Cfntpp^t^ 
 aetna Jvr ^txhta. 
 
 .y..rM.i;f.J,'ii'/.i. 
 
 
 a^tttt afyXand 
 
 
 X^JiJ. 
 
 
 
 ' °' (lA.) ta^Jvtcthtvard. of y l^iMe. XrOttd., at tihvtctyZ . dijl : 
 
 K t>.^ 4-JS fi-om th^ :tahle _ 
 
 ^fL ' ^ *^^ — JC.S.Z 
 
 J 
 

 e 
 
 ab6ard 
 Thanks 
 found n 
 Gentlcn 
 both he 
 ready to 
 Place fh 
 Miles iu 
 general I 
 my Peo| 
 made qk 
 Govcrnc 
 and rid 
 of their 
 abou, io 
 I'erviL:. 
 the Supe 
 it is to a 
 Ships thi 
 mil mo. 
 chor rigl 
 part of t 
 of Ships 
 Fort thai 
 the Shon 
 and the 
 we lay a 
 Bahia 
 deg. S. 
 in Brdzu 
 of its Bu 
 
 Revenue 
 
_ * 
 
 The A. anchors at Bahia. ^p 
 
 aboard to fee me, to whom I returned ^/». 16^9.'. 
 Thanks for his Civilities 5 and indeed I^-'^'VNi 
 found much refpeft, not only from this 
 Gentleman, but from all of that Nation 
 both here and in Other Places, who were 
 ready to ferve me on all OccaGons. The 
 Place that we Anchored in was about two 
 Miles from the Harbour where the Ships 
 generally ride ^ but the Fear I had leaft 
 my People (liould run away with the Ship 
 m.ide me haften to get a Licence from the 
 Governour, to run up into the Harbour, 
 and ride among their Ships, clofe by one 
 of their Forts. vSo on the 25 th of March 
 abou. i o a Clock in the Morning, the Tide 
 ierviiij^, I went thither, being Piloted by 
 the Super-intcndant there, whofe bufinefs 
 it is to carry up all the King of PortugaVs 
 Ships that come hither, and to fee them 
 \vell moored. He brought us to an An- 
 chor right againfl: the Town, at the outer 
 part of the Harbour, which was then full 
 of Ships, within 150 yards of a fmall 
 Fort that ftands on a Rock half a mile from 
 the Shore. See a Profpedl of the Harbour 
 and the Town, as it appear'd to us while 
 we lay at Anchor, [Table III. N% 5.] 
 
 Bahia de toclos los Santos lies in Lat. 15 
 deg. S. It is the moft confiderable Town 
 in Brazil^ whether in refpeft of the Beauty 
 of its Buildings, its Bulk, or its Trade and 
 ivcvenue. It has the convenience of a 
 
 E 
 
 good 
 
 •*? 
 
5° 
 
 Bahia Harbour and Forts. 
 
 An. \699* good Harbouf that is capable of receiving 
 '^-^^"^ Ships of the greateft Burthen : The En- 
 trance of which is guarded with a ftrong 
 Fort (landing without the Harbour, call'd 
 St. Antonio: A Sight of which I have gi- 
 ven I^Table HI. N , 4.] as it appeared to 
 us the Afternoon before we came in ^ and 
 its Lights (which they hang out purpofe- 
 ly for Ships) we faw the fame Night. 
 There are other fmaller Forts that com- 
 mand the Harbour, one of which ftands on 
 a Rock in the Sea, about half a Mile from 
 the Shore. Clofe by this Fort all Ships 
 muft pafs that Anchor here, and muft ride 
 alfo within half a mile of it at fartheft 
 between this and another Fort (that ftands 
 on a point at the inner part of the Har- 
 bour and is called the Dutch Fort) but muft 
 ride neareft to the former, all along againft 
 the Town : Where there is good holding 
 Ground, and lefs expofed to the Southerly 
 Winds that blow very hard here. They 
 commonly fet in about Aprils but blow 
 hardeft in May^ June^ July and Au^up^ : 
 But the place where the Ships ride is ex- 
 pofed to thefe Winds not above 5 points 
 of the Com pafs. 
 
 Befide thefe, there is another Fort front- 
 ing the Harbour, and ftandingon the Hill 
 upon which the Town ftands. The 
 Town it fclf cofinfts of about 2000 Houfes; 
 the major part of which cannot be feen 
 
 from 
 
 from tl 
 
 in fight 
 
 tween t 
 
 Hill, m 
 
 maybe 
 
 N% 50 
 
 Then 
 
 Chapels 
 
 Nuaner' 
 
 thedral, 
 
 the chie 
 
 hour; S. 
 
 rifh-Chu 
 
 and the 
 
 of Car me 
 
 by the S( 
 
 land, an 
 
 Prayers 5 
 
 at the f 
 
 which ru 
 
 third Ch 
 
 the Tow 
 
 Hofpital 
 
 Nunnery 
 
 Town ne 
 
 there are 
 
 bifliop, ' 
 
 Town 3 s 
 
 Stone-bui 
 
 Sea, tho' 
 
 in: Both 
 
 Plantatic 
 
ive gt- 
 red to 
 15 and 
 irpofe- 
 Night. 
 t com- 
 ndson 
 le from 
 11 Ships 
 uft ride 
 fartheft 
 : (lands 
 fc Har- 
 utmuft 
 agamfl 
 lolding 
 utherly 
 They 
 t blow 
 
 Hfuft : 
 
 le is ex- 
 points 
 
 t front- 
 he Hill 
 
 The 
 ^oufes; 
 be feen 
 
 from 
 
 Bahia Town defcrib*d. 5 i 
 
 from the Harbour 5 but fo many as appear ^«- 1^99* 
 in fight, with a great mixture of Trees be- ^^^V'^s- 
 tween them, and all placed on a rifing 
 Hill, make a very pleafant Profpeft 5 as 
 may be judg'd by the Draught, [Table IIF. 
 
 N^ 5.] 
 
 There are in the Town 13 Churches, 
 Chapels, Hofpitals, Convents, befide one 
 Nunnery s^ viz, the Ecclefi/t Major or Ca- 
 thedral, th^ Jefuits College, which are 
 the chief, and both in fight from the Har- 
 bour: St. Afttomo^ Std. Barbara^ both Pa- * 
 riOi-Churches ^ the Fraftcifcdns Church , 
 and the Domimcans ^ and two Convents 
 oi Carmelites ^ a Chapel for Seamen clofe 
 by the Sea-fide, where Boats commonly 
 land, and the Seamen go immediately to 
 Prayers^ another Chapel for poor People, 
 at the farther end of the fame Street, 
 which runs along by the Shore 5 and a 
 third Chapel for Soldiers, at the edge of 
 the Town, remote from the Sea 5 and an 
 Hofpital ii the middle of the Town. The 
 Nunnery ftands at the outer-edge of the 
 Town next the Fields, wherein by Report 
 there are 70 Nuns. Here lives an Arch- 
 bifliop, who has a fine Palace in the 
 Town 5 and the Governor's Palace is a fair 
 Stone-building, and looks hand fome to the 
 Sea, tho' but indifferently furnifli'd with- 
 in: l^xh Spaniards 2LViA Portuguezem their 
 Plantations abroad, as I have generally 
 
 E 55 cib- 
 
 mj 
 
 ■■■% 
 
 isiii ■■» . i 
 
 ■t ' • 
 
 H 
 
 ^'Cl 
 
 i( 
 
 I,;.' 
 
 'I 
 
$ 
 
 'the Go<vernoHr and Soldiers. 
 
 M, i^pp.obferv'd, affefl-ing to have large Houi'es; 
 
 i/VNj j^^jj. ^^^ ij^i-j^ curious about FLrt-tare, ex- 
 cept Pifturcs fome of thcra. ih? K^oufes 
 of the Town are 2 or 3 Stories high, the 
 Walls thick and ftrong, being built with 
 Stone, with a Covering of Pantile ^ and 
 many /of them have Balconies. The prin- 
 cipal Streets are large, and all of them 
 pav'd or pitch'd with fmall Stones. There 
 are alfo Parades in the moft eminent Places 
 of the Town, and many G3rdens, as well 
 within the Town as m the Out-parts of it, 
 wherein are Fruit-trees, Herbs, Salladings 
 and Flowers in great variety, but ordcr'd 
 with no great Care nor Art. 
 
 The Governor who refides here iscalTd 
 Dof} Johndc Laficajiario^ being defcended, 
 as they fay, from our EngUjh Lancajler Fa- 
 mily:, and he has a refpeft for our Nation 
 on that account, calling them his Country- 
 men. ! wai^^ed on him feveral times, and 
 always found liim very courteous and civil. 
 He(e are about 400 Soldiers in Garrifon. 
 They commonly draw up and exercife in 
 a 1 arge Parade before the Governors Hou fc; 
 and many of them attend him when he 
 goes abroad. The Soldiers are decently 
 clad in brown Linen, which in thefe hot 
 Countries is far better than Woollen^ but 
 I never faw any clad in Linen but only 
 thcfe. Befide the Soldiers in Pay, h:can 
 foon have fome thoufands of Men up in 
 
 Arms 
 
 Anns o 
 the Skir 
 betwcei 
 Church 
 :?coo B 
 it feldoi 
 but 80. 
 Soldiers 
 ing out 
 
 Agre 
 at Bahu 
 I found 
 Europe^ 
 Ships o: 
 two Shi 
 either tc 
 on the C 
 fmall Cr 
 this Co. 
 one part 
 
 Thel^ 
 to be Pv 
 Slaves ir 
 Women. 
 giieze^ F 
 merce u 
 Cock an 
 Gentlem 
 a Patent 
 not care 
 Chrinfte 
 
 V 
 
 ■r. •■» '• 
 
 ajt 
 
 •^% 
 
The M''rrhants of Bahia. 
 
 S3 
 
 uies ; 
 
 1, the 
 t with 
 
 ^ and 
 t prin- 
 
 them 
 There 
 Places 
 as well 
 ts of it, 
 ladings 
 ordcr'd 
 
 iscalVd 
 cended, 
 tfler Fa- 
 Nation 
 ountry- 
 les, and 
 .id civil, 
 arrifon. 
 rcife in 
 Hoiifc^ 
 hen he 
 ecently 
 efe hot 
 m^ but 
 jut only 
 h:can 
 
 [n up 5n 
 
 Arms 
 
 Anns on occafion. The Magazine iS on ^ 
 the Skirts of the Town, on a fniali \An% 
 between the* Nunnery and the Soldiers 
 Church, Tis big enough to hold 2 or 
 ^000 Barrels of Powder 3 but I was told 
 it feldom has more than 100, fometimes 
 but 80. There are always a Band of 
 Soldiers to guard it, and Centinels look- 
 ing out both Day and Night. 
 
 A great many Merchants always refide 
 at BahU ^ for 'tis a place of great Trade : 
 I found here above 50 great Ships from ^ 
 Europe^ with two of the King of Portugal's 
 Ships of War for their Conv^oy ^ befide 
 two Ships that Traded to Africa only, 
 either to Angola, Gamba, or other Places 
 on the Coafk of Gnwea ^ and abundance of 
 fmall Craft, that only run to and fro on 
 thi$ Coaft, carrying Commodities from 
 one part of Brazil to another. 
 
 The Merchants that live here are faid 
 to be Pvich, and to have many Negro- 
 Slaves in their Houfes, both of Men and 
 Women. Themfelves are chiefly Portu- 
 gueze^ Foreigners having but little Com- 
 merce with them ^ yet here was one Mr, 
 Cock an EtJglijJj Merchant, a very civil 
 Gentleman and of good Repute. . He h\id 
 a Patent to be our ErtgUfl} Conful, but did 
 not care to take upon him any Publick 
 Chnnfter. becaufe EngliJI) Ships feldom 
 c ' aither, here having been none in 1 1 
 
 E 3 or 
 
 1699. 
 
 ;■' -iii 
 
 "W 
 
 10- 
 
 m 
 
 
 dP 
 
 ilRk.. .>«,,: 
 
wmm 
 
 Un 
 
 154 Commodities from and to Europe. 
 
 i4ff. 1 5p9. or 12 Years before this time. Here was 
 ^^^"^^''^ alfo a Dane^ and a French Merchant or two 3 
 but all have their EfFeC^s tranfported to 
 and from Europe in Portngueze Ships, none 
 of any other Nation being admitted to 
 Trade hither. There is a Cuftom-hoiife 
 by the Sea-fide, where all Goods imported 
 or exported are entred. And to prevent 
 Abufes there are 5 or 6 Boats that take 
 their turns to row about the Harbour, 
 fearching any Boats they fufpefl: to be 
 running of Goods. 
 
 The chief Commodities that the £«* 
 ropean Ships bring hither, are Linnen- 
 cloaths, both courfe and fine 5 fome Wool- 
 lens alfo, as Bays, Searges, Perpetuana*s, 
 &c\ Hats, Stockings, both of Silk and 
 Thread , BUket-bread , Wheat-flower , 
 Wine fchiefly Fort) Oyl-OIive, Butter, 
 Cheefe, &c. and Salt-beef and Pork would 
 there alfo be good Commodities. They 
 bring hither allfo Iron, and all forts of Iron- 
 Tools 5 Pewter- Veflels of all forts, as 
 Difhes, Plates, Spoons, &c. Looking- 
 glaffes. Beads, and other Toys 5 and the 
 Ships that touch at 5/. J ago bring thence, 
 m I faid, Cotton-cloath, which is after- 
 wards lent to Angola. 
 
 The European Ships carry from hence 
 Sagar, Tobacco, either in Roll or Snuff, 
 never in Leaf, that I know of; Thefe are 
 the Staple Commodities. Befides which, 
 
 here 
 
 here an 
 
 Woods 
 
 Brazil^ 
 
 Hides, 
 
 &c. h 
 
 Parrots, 
 
 men car 
 
 The? 
 
 ter than 
 
 our PJar 
 
 made be 
 
 and finei 
 
 our unre 
 
 refine an 
 
 little to 1 
 
 Friends i 
 
 it is by ta 
 
 mixing it 
 
 With thi 
 
 that are f 
 
 bythedr 
 
 Firft fcra 
 
 theSugai 
 
 hinder tfl 
 
 mg thffoi] 
 
 refining i 
 
 10 or 12 
 
 quor lies 
 
 Water wl 
 
 it 5 and t 
 
 grow har 
 
 off at pie 
 
m\ 
 
 c was 
 rtwo3 
 ed to 
 , none 
 ted to 
 ■hoiifc 
 ported 
 irevent 
 at take 
 irbour, 
 : to be 
 
 he Eh^ 
 Jnnen- 
 : Wool- 
 
 tuanas, 
 
 Ik and 
 
 flower , 
 
 Butter, 
 
 would 
 
 They 
 
 f Iron- 
 
 >rts, as 
 
 )oking- 
 
 md the 
 
 I thence, 
 
 after- 
 
 hence 
 
 Snuff, 
 
 lefe are 
 
 which, 
 
 here 
 
 Claying of Sugar. 55 
 
 here are Dye-woods, as Fuftick, €^r. with-^V^* 
 Woods for other ufes, as fpeckled Wood, ^'^^^^ 
 Brazil^ &c. They alfo carry home raw 
 Hides, Tallow, Train-^Oyl of Whales, 
 C^c. Here are alfo kept tame Monkeys, 
 Parrots, Parakites, &c. which the Sea- 
 men carry home. 
 
 The Sugar of this Country is much bet- 
 ter than that which we bring home from 
 our Plantations : For all the Sugar that is 
 made here is clay*d, which makes it whiter 
 and finer than our Mufcovada, as we call 
 our unrefin'd Sugar. Our Planters feJdom 
 refine any with Clay, unlefs fometimes a 
 little to fend home as Prefents for their 
 Friends in England. Their way of doing 
 it is by taking fome of the whiteft Clay and 
 mixing it with Water, till 'tis like Cream. 
 With this they fill up the Pans of Sugar, 
 that are funk 2 or 3 Inches below the Brim 
 by the draining of the Moloffes out of it : 
 Firft fcraping off the thin hard Cruft of 
 the Sugar that lies at the top, and would 
 hinder the Water of the Clay from foak- 
 ing through the Sugar of the Pan. The 
 refining is made by this Percolation. For 
 10 or 12 days time that the Clayifh Li- 
 quor lies foaking down the Pan, the white 
 Water wbitem the Sugar as it pj^ffes thro* 
 it'j and thegrofs Body of the Clay it felf 
 grow hard on the top, and may be taken 
 off at pleafure^ when fcraping off with a 
 
 E 4 Knife 
 
 11; 
 
 I * 
 
 If: 
 
 
 
5 6 Seafon for European Ships. 
 
 An. 1^99- Knife the very upper part of the Sugar, 
 ^"^^^^^ which will be a little fullied, that which 
 is underneath will be White almoft to the 
 bottom : And fuch as is called Brazil Sugar 
 is thus Whitened. When \ was here this 
 Sugar was fold for 50 /. per 100 tb, and the 
 Bottoms of the Pots, which is very courfe 
 Sugar,for about 20s. per loo'i^. both forts 
 being then fcarce -^ for here was not enough 
 to lade the Ships, and therefore fome of 
 them were to lye here till the next Sea- 
 fon. 
 
 The European Ships commonly arrive 
 here in Vebmary or March, and they have 
 generally quick Paffages ^ finding at that 
 time of the Year brisk Gales to bring them 
 to the Line, little Trouble, then, in crof- 
 fing it, and brisk E. N. E. Winds after- 
 wards to bring them hither. They com- 
 monly return from hence about the latter 
 endofM^^, or in 7«w^' Twasfaidwhen 
 J was here that the Ships would Sail hence 
 the 20th day of M4J/5 ami therefore they 
 were all very bufy, fome in taking in their 
 Goods, others in Careening and making 
 themfelves ready. The Ships that come 
 hither ufually Careen at their firft coming ^ 
 here being a Hulk belonging to the King 
 for that purpofe. This Hulk is under the 
 charge of the Superintendent I fpoke of, 
 who has a certain Sum of Mony for every 
 Ship that Careens by her. He alfo pro- 
 vides 
 
f. 
 
 ) Sugar, 
 t which 
 t to the 
 i7 Sugar 
 ere this 
 and the 
 r courfe 
 )th forts 
 enough 
 bme of 
 ext Sea- 
 
 f arrive 
 ley have 
 , at that 
 ngthein 
 in crof- 
 iS after- 
 ey com- 
 ic latter 
 id when 
 il hence 
 )re they 
 in their 
 making 
 at come 
 :oming; 
 he King 
 ider the 
 3()ke ot, 
 )r every 
 Ifo pro- 
 vides 
 
 Guinea-Tr^^e. Coajiing- trade. ty 
 
 vides Firing and other Neceffaries for that An. 1699. 
 purpofe : And the Ships do commonly ^^^^^"^ 
 hire of the Merchants here each 2 Cables 
 to moor by all the time they lye here, and 
 fo fi.*'e their own Hempen Cables 5 for 
 thefe arc made of a fort of Hair, that 
 gi ows on a certain kind of Trees, hanging 
 down from the Top of their Bodies, and 
 is very like the Mack Coyre in the B,aji* 
 Indies, if not the fame. Thefe Cables 
 are ftrong and lading : And fo much for 
 the European Ships. 
 
 The Ships that ufe the G/z/Ve^-Trade 
 are fmall Veffels in comparifonof thefor*^ 
 men They carry out from hence Rum, 
 Sugar, the Cotton- cloaths of St. Jago^ 
 Beads, &c* and bring in return, Gold, 
 Ivory, and Slaves ; making very good 
 returns. 
 
 The fmall Craft that belong to this 
 Town are chiefly imployed in carrying 
 European Goods from BahU., the Center of 
 the Brafilian Trade, to the other Places on 
 this Coaft^ bringing back hither Sugar, 
 Tobacco, &c. They are Sailed chiefly 
 with Negro-Slaves ^ and about Chrijlmas 
 thefe are moftly imployed in Whale-kil- 
 iing : For about that time of the Year a fort 
 of Whales, as they call them, are very thick 
 on this Coafl:. They come in alfo into the 
 Harbours and inland Lakes, where the 
 Seamen go out and kill them. The Fat qf 
 
 them 
 
^/W' 
 
 58 IVhalc'OiL Shipph/g. 
 
 ;^^5^^.thcm is boiled to Oil 3 the F.ean is eaten 
 by the Slaves and poor people : And I was 
 told by one that had frequently eaten of it, 
 that the Flefli was very fweet and wholes 
 fome. Thefe are fa id to be but fmall 
 Whales : Yet here are fo many, and fo 
 cafily kiird, that tbey get a great deal of 
 Mony by it. Tho(e that ftrike them hvw 
 their Licenfe for it of the King ; And I 
 was inform'd that he receives 30000 Dol- 
 lars />er -4»»^^» for this Fifhery. All the 
 fmall Veffels that ufe this Coafting Traf- 
 fick are built here 5 and fo are fome Men 
 of War alfo for the King's Service. There 
 was one a building when I was here, a Ship 
 of 40 or 50 Guns : And the Timber of 
 this Country is very good and proper for 
 this purpofe. I was told it was very ftrong, 
 and more durable than any we have in 
 Europe: And they have enough of it. As 
 for their Ships that ufe the £«r<?peii» Trade, 
 fome of them that I faw there were E^g- 
 lijh built, taken from us by the French du- 
 ring the late War, and fold by them to the 
 FortHgnefe, 
 
 Befides Merchants and others that trade 
 by Sea from this Port, here are other pret- 
 ty Wealthy Men, and feveral Artificers 
 and Trades-men of mod forts, who by 
 Labour and Induftry maintain themfclves 
 very well ^ efpecially fuch as can arrive at 
 the pur<:hafe of a Negro-Slave or two. 
 
 And 
 
Carriage in Hammocks . 5p 
 
 And indeed, excepting people of the low- ^n 1699. 
 eft degree of all, here are fcarce any but '-"^^^^^^ 
 what keep Slaves in their Houfes. The 
 Richer Sort, befides the Slaves of both 
 Sexes whom they keep forfervile Ufes in 
 their Houfes, have Men Slaves who wait 
 on them abroad, for State ^ either run- 
 ning by their Horfe-fides when they ride 
 out, or to carry them to and fro on 
 their Shoulders in the Town when they 
 make (hort ViGts near home. Every Gen- 
 tleman or Merchant is provided with 
 Things neceffary for this fort of Carriage. 
 The main Thing is a pretty large Cotton 
 Hammock of the Weji-Iftdia fa(hion, but 
 moftly died Blue, with large Fringes of the 
 fame, hanging down on each fide. This 
 is carried on the Negro's Shoulders by the 
 help of a Bambo about 1 2 or 14 Foot long, 
 to which the Hammock is hung 5 and a 
 Covering comes over the Pole, hanging 
 down on each fide like a Curtain: So that 
 the perfon fo carry *d cannot be feen unlefs 
 he pleafes 5 but may either lye down, ha- 
 ving Pillows for his Head 5 or may fit up 
 by being a little fupported with thefe Pil- 
 lows , and by letting both his Legs hang 
 out over one fide of the Hammock.When 
 he hath a mind to be feen he puts by his 
 Curtain, and falutes every one of his Ac- 
 quaintance whom he meets in the Streets 5 
 for they take a piece of Pride in greeting 
 
 one 
 
 II ii 
 
Xf"^' 
 
.<^^ 
 
 J^.^ 
 
 v^. 
 
 
 IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET {MT-3) 
 
 
 
 1.0 
 
 1.1 
 
 11.25 
 
 Ui|2£ |25 
 ■^ Uii 12.2 
 
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 Hiotographic 
 
 Sdences 
 
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 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 

Il 
 
 60 Artijicers, Butchers^ &c. 
 
 An. 1599. one another from their Hammocks, and 
 ^■'^^^^^^ will hold long Conferences thus in the 
 Street : But then their two Slaves who 
 carry the Hammock have each a ftrong 
 well-made Staff, with a fine Iron Fork at 
 the upper end, and a (harp Iron below, 
 like the Reft for a Mnsket, which they 
 ftick faft in the Ground, and let the Pole 
 or Bambo of the Hammock reft upon 
 them, till their Mafters Bufinefs or the 
 Complement is over. There is fcarce a 
 Man of any fafhion, efpecially a Woman, 
 will pafs the Streets but fo carried in a 
 Hammock. The chief Mechanick Traders 
 here, arc Smiths, Hatters, Shoemakers, 
 Tanners, Sawyers, Carpenters, Coopers, 
 &€. Here are alfo Taylors, Butchers,' €^r. 
 which laft kill the Bullocks very dexte- 
 roufly, flicking them at one Blow with a 
 (harp-pointed Knife in the Nape of the 
 Neck, having firft drawn them clofe to a 
 Rail ^ but they drefs them very flovenly. 
 It being Lent when f came hither, there 
 was no buying any Flefh till Eajler-Eve^ 
 when a great number of Bullocks were 
 kiird at once in the Slaughter-houfes 
 within the Town, Men, Women and 
 Children flocking thither with great Joy 
 to buy, and a Multitude of Dogs, almoft 
 ftarv*d, following thera ^ for whom the 
 Meat feem'd fitteft, it was fo Lean. All 
 thefc Trades- men buy iV(?gr(?*s, a.nd train 
 
 them 
 

 N(^gro's. Crane for Goods. 6 r 
 
 them up to their feveral Employments, -^n- ><^9^ 
 which is a great help to them ; and they '''^^''^' 
 having fo frequent Trade to Af7gola^ and 
 other parts of G///Ve^,theyhaveaconftant 
 Supply of Blacks both for their Plantations 
 and Town. Thefe Slaves are very ufeful • 
 in thisPlace for Carriage, as Porters ^ for 
 as here is a great Trade by Sea, and the 
 Landing-place is at the foot of a Hill, too 
 fteep for drawing with Carts, fo there is 
 great need of Slaves to carry Goods up 
 into the Town, efpecially for the inferioiir 
 fort : But the Merchants have alfo the 
 Convenience of a great Crane that goes 
 with Ropes or Pullees, one end of which 
 goes up while the other, goes down. The 
 Houfe in wTiich this Crane is ftands on the 
 Brow of the Hill towards the Sea, hanging ^ 
 over the Precipice : and there are Planks 
 fet (helving againft the Bank from thence 
 to the bottom,againft which the Goods lean 
 or Aide as they arehoifted up or letdown. 
 The JVegm-Slaves in this Town are fo nu- 
 merous, that they make up the greateft 
 part or bulk of the Inhabitants : Every 
 Houfe, as I faid, having fome, both Men 
 and Women, of them. Many of the Por- 
 tttguefe^ who are Batchelors, keep of thefc 
 black Women for Miffes, tho* they know 
 the danger they are in of being poyfon'd 
 by them,jif ever they give them any occa- 
 •fion of Jealou fy . A Gentleman of my Ac* 
 
 quaintance. 
 
 i 
 
 # 
 
1 ^ 
 
 f;i 
 
 I ," 
 
 
 ; ;' 
 
 s 
 
 
 62 The Country about Bahia. 
 
 ■An. lefpp. quaintance , who had been familiar 
 L/^/V) ^jfjj |jJ3 Cook-maid, lay under fomc fuch 
 
 Apprehenfions from her when I was there. 
 Thefe Slaves alfo of either Sex will eafily 
 be engaged to do any fort of Mifchief ^ 
 • even to murder, if they are hired to do it, 
 efpecially in the night : for which Reafon, 
 I kept my Men on board as much as I 
 could 5 for one of the Freftch King's Ships 
 being here, had feveral Men murther*d by 
 them in the night, as I was credibly in* 
 form'd. 
 
 Having given this account of the Town 
 of Bahia, I (hall next fay fomewhat of 
 the Country. There is a Salt-water Lake 
 runs forty Leaguejs, as I was told, up the 
 Country, N. W. from the Sea, leaving 
 ^ the Town and Dutch Fort on the Star- 
 board fide. The Country all round a- 
 bout is for the moft part a pretty flat e- 
 ven Ground, not high, nor yet very low : 
 It is well water'd with Rivers, Brooks 
 and Springs 3 neither wants it for good 
 Harbours, Navigable Creeks, and good 
 Bays for Ships to ride in. The Soil in 
 general is good, naturally prodqcing very 
 large Trees of diver forts, and fit for any 
 ufes. The Savannahs alfo are leaden with 
 Grafs, Herbs, and many fores of fmaller 
 Vegetables 5 and being cultivated,produce 
 any thing that is proper for thofe hot 
 Countries, as Sugar-Canes, Cotton, Indi* 
 
 CO* 
 
 I 
 
 CO, 
 
 ral 
 
 Of 
 
 Ifli 
 
 itp 
 
 pan 
 
 wif( 
 
 Gni 
 
 to I 
 
 Wo 
 
 fort 
 
 div( 
 
The Brafilian Trees^ Sec. 
 
 ^3 
 
 CO, Tobacco, Maiz, Fruit-Trees of feve- An. 1699 
 ral kinds, and eatable Roots of all forts. ^^'"VVi- 
 Of the feveral kinds of Trees that are here, 
 I (hall give an account of fome, as I had 
 it partly from an Inhabitant of Bdhia^ and 
 partly from my knowledge of them other- 
 wife, viz. Sapiera^ Vermiaiico^ Comejjerie^ 
 Gnittebay Serrie^ as they were pronounc'd 
 to mc, three forts of Mangrove^ fpeckled 
 Wood, Fuftick, Cotton-Trees of three 
 forts, &c. together with Fruit-Trees of 
 divers forts that grow wild, befide fuch 
 as are planted. 
 
 Of Timber-Trees, the Sapierats faid to 
 be large and tall 5 it is very good Timber, 
 and is made ufe of in building of Houfes ^ 
 fo is the Vermiatico^ a tall ftreight-bodied 
 Tree, of which they make Plank 2 Foot 
 broad \ and they alfo make Canoa's with 
 it. Cofkejferie and Gmtteha are chiefly u- 
 fed in builaing Ships 5 thefe are as much 
 efteem*d here as Oaks are in England, and 
 they fay either fort is harder and more 
 durable than Oak. The Serrie is a fort 
 of Tree much like Elm, very durable in 
 Water. Here are alfo all the three forts 
 of Mangrove Trees, viz. the Red, the 
 White, and the Black, which I have de- 
 fcribed \yol. I p. 54.3 The Bark of the 
 Red Mangrove, is here us'd for Tanning 
 of Leather, »nd they have great Tan-pits 
 for it* The Black Mangrove grows lar- 
 ger 
 
 
^4 BaJiard'Coco. Silk^Cottou, • 
 
 ^'^99'gtt here than in the Weji-Ifjclks^ and oi 
 
 ^*^^^ "* it they make good Plank. The White 
 
 Mangrove is larger and tougher than in 
 
 the Weft- Iftdiej-^ of thefc they make Malts 
 
 and Yards for Barks. 
 
 There grow here wild or baftard Co- 
 co-Nut Trees, neither fo large nor fo tali 
 as the common ones in the Eaft or Weft- 
 Mies.' They bear Nuts as the others, but 
 not a quarter fo big as the right Coco- 
 Nuts. The Shell is full of Kernel, with- 
 out any hollow Place or Water in it 5 and 
 the Kernel is fweet and wholefome, but 
 very hard both for the Teeth and for Di- 
 geftion. Thefe Nuts are in much efteem 
 for making Beads for Pater-mfters, Boles 
 of Tobacco-pipes, and other Toys : and 
 every fmall Shop here has a great many of 
 them to fell. At the top. of thefe Baftard 
 Coco-trees, among the Branches, there 
 ' grows a fort of long black Thread like 
 Horfe hair, but much longer, which by 
 the Fortugnefe is called Trefabon Of this 
 they make Cables which are very fervice- 
 able, ftrongand lafting^ for they will not 
 rot as Cables made of Hemp, tho* they ly 
 expofed both to Wet and Heat, Thefe 
 are the Cables which I faid they keep hi 
 their Harbours here, to let to hire to Euro" 
 fcan Ships, and refemble the Coyre^Cahles. 
 Here are three forts of Cotton Trees that 
 bear Sijk-Cotton. One fort is fuch as I 
 
 have 
 
nd of 
 Vhitc 
 an in 
 
 Malts 
 
 dCo- 
 fo tall 
 Weft' 
 rs, but 
 Coco- 
 with- 
 1 5 and 
 le, but 
 'or Di- 
 efteem 
 Boles 
 1 : and 
 lany of 
 iaftard 
 there 
 d like 
 ich by 
 3f this 
 ervice* 
 vlll not 
 they ly 
 Thele 
 keep in 
 
 Cables, 
 cesthat 
 h as I 
 have 
 
 CJ 
 
 tofton-Tre^ ^/Brazil. ^5 
 
 have formerly defcrib*d, [Vol. I. p. ^^SOfj^J^* 
 by the Name of the Cotton-tree. The ^^'^^^^^^ 
 other two forts I never faw any where but 
 here. The Trees of thefe latter forts 
 are but fmall in comparifon of the former, 
 which are reckoned the biggefl: in all the 
 Weft-India Woods ^ yet are however of a 
 good bignefs and hefghth. One of thefe 
 lad forts is not fo full of Branches as the 
 other of them 5 neither do they produce 
 their Fruit the fame time of the Year : 
 For one fprt had its Fruit jiift ripe, and 
 was fliedding its Leaves while the other 
 fort was yet green, and its Fruit fmall and 
 growing, havii.g but newly done bloffom- 
 ing', the Tree being as full of young Fruit 
 as an Apple-Tree ordinarily in England. 
 thefe laft yield very largePods, about 6 
 Inches long, and as big as a Man's Arm. 
 It i$ ripe in September and OSoher 5 then 
 the Pod opens, and the Cotton burftsout 
 in a great Lump as big as a Man's Head. 
 They gather thefe Pods before they open: 
 btherways it would fly all away. It 
 opens as well after 'tis gathered 5 and then 
 they take out the Cotton, and preferve it 
 to fill Pillows alid Bolfters, for which ufe 
 lis very much efteemed : But 'tis fit for no- 
 thing elfe, being fo (hort that it cannot 
 be fpun. 'Tis of a tawney Colour 5 and 
 the Seeds are black, very round, and as 
 big as a whitb Pea. The other fort is ripe 
 
 r in 
 
 '■>^ 
 
■I 
 
 n 
 
 '<i 
 
 56 Silk-Cotton. Cotton. Fruits. 
 
 'An, \699'\vi March or April. The Fruit or Pod is 
 ^^''^^'^^ like a large Apple, and very round. The 
 out-fide Shell is as thick as the top of ones 
 Finger. Within this there is a very thin 
 whitifli Bag or Skin which inclofeth the 
 Cotton. When the Cotton- Apple is ripe, 
 the outer thick green Shell fplits it felf into 
 5 equal parts from Stemb to Tail,and drops 
 off, leaving the Cotton hanging upon the 
 Stemb, only pent up in its fine Bag. A day 
 or two afterwards the Cotton fwells by 
 the heat of the Sun, breaks the Bag and 
 burfts out, as big as a Man's Head : And 
 then as the Wind blows 'tis by degrees 
 driven away, a little at a time, out of the 
 Bag that (till hangs upon the Stemb, and is 
 fcatter'd about the Fields ^ the Bag foon 
 following the Cotton, and the Stemb the 
 Bag. Here is alfo a little of the right 
 Wefl'IndU Cotton Shrub 5 but none of the 
 Cotton is exported, nor do they make much 
 Cloth of it. 
 This Country produces great variety of 
 ^ fine Fruits, as very good Oranges of 3 or 4 
 
 forts 5 (efpecia)ly one fort of Chi ff a Oran- 
 ges 5) Limes in abundance, Pomgranates, 
 Pomeci^rons, Plantains, ^onano's, right 
 Coco-nuts, Guava's, Coco-plumbs, (calFd 
 here Munjheroos) Wild-Grapes, fuch as I 
 have defcribd [Vol. II. Part 2. p. 46.] 
 befide fuch Grapes as grow in Europe. 
 Here are alfo Hog-plumbs, Cuftard-Ap- 
 
 ples, 
 
 faw n 
 den, 
 and f( 
 them. 
 
 Indies 
 
 So do 
 
 thence 
 
 are he 
 
 Th( 
 
 Fruit ! 
 
 oval S 
 
 one fid 
 
 fideRj 
 
 rough, 
 
 fide is 
 
 alfo ai 
 
 ftape 
 
 The Pi 
 
 and wl 
 
 of the 
 
 or Shri 
 
 10 or 
 
 Body 5 
 
 upi fo 
 
 abroad 
 
 tough i 
 
 ThisF 
 
its. 
 
 Pod IS 
 
 d. The 
 of ones 
 Ty thin 
 ifeth the 
 e is ripe, 
 felf into 
 nd drops 
 upon the 
 ;. A day 
 A' el Is by 
 Bag and 
 ad: And 
 degrees 
 )ut of the 
 lb, and is 
 Jag foon 
 temb the 
 :he right 
 ne of the 
 ake much 
 
 /ariety of 
 of 3 or 4 
 md Of an- 
 granates, 
 )% right 
 )s, (caird 
 fuch as I 
 p. 46.] 
 Europe, 
 lard-Ap- 
 plcs, 
 
 1 
 
 Bra/ilian Fruits : the Sour-fop. 6y 
 
 ple^, Sonr-fops^ Cafljewi^ Fapah*s (called >^»- 1^99' 
 here Mamoon:) Jennipah*s (called here ^-^^^^^^^ 
 Jeftm-papah's) Manchineel-Apples and 
 Mango's. Mango's are yet but rare here ; r 
 faw none of them but in the Jefuit*s Gar- 
 den, which has a great many fine Fruits, 
 and fome Cinamon-trces. Thefe, both of 
 them, were firft brought from the Eajl- 
 Indies^ and they ihrive here very well : 
 So do Pumplemiilfes, brought alfo from 
 thence; and both CWw^i and Sevll Oranges 
 are here very plentiful as well as good. 
 
 The SoKir-fop (as we call it) is a large 
 Fruit as big as a Man's Head, of a long or 
 ova! Shape, and of a green Colour 5 but 
 one fide is Yellowifti when ripe. The out- 
 fide Rind or Coat is pretty thick, and very 
 rough, with fmall Sharp Knobs ^ the in- 
 fide is full of fpungy Pulp, within which 
 alfo are many black Seeds or Kernels, iii 
 ftiape and bignefs like a Pumkin-feed. 
 The Pulp is very juicy, of a pleafant Tafte, 
 and whblefome. You fuck the Juice out 
 of the Pulp, and fo fpit it out. The Tree 
 or Shrub that bears this Fruit grows about 
 10 or 12 Foot high, with a fmall (hort 
 Body 5 the Branches growing pretty ftrait 
 up 5 for I did never fee any of them fpreaj 
 abroad. The Twigs are flender and 
 tough 5 and fo is the Stemb of the Fruit, 
 This Fruit grows alfo both in the Eafi and 
 Weft'Ifidies. 
 
 F 7 the 
 
 n 
 
68 
 
 An. i^op. 
 
 
 \ 
 
 The Gallic w-Fr/</^^ artd Jenipah- 
 
 The Caffjew is a Fruit as big as a Pippin, 
 pretty long, and bigger near the Stemb 
 than at the other end, growing tapering. 
 The Rind is fmooth and thin, of a red and 
 yellow Colour. The Seed ofthis Fruit grows 
 at the end of it i^ 'tis of an Olive Colour 
 ftiaped like a Bean, and about the fame 
 bignefs, but not altogether fo flat. The 
 Tree is as big as an Apple-Tree, with 
 Branches not thick, yet fpreading off. The 
 Boughs are grofs, the Leaves broad and 
 round, and in fubftance pretty thick. This 
 Fruit is foft and fpongy when ripe, and 
 fo full of Juice that in biting it the Juice 
 will run out on both fides of ones Mouth. 
 It is very pleafant, and gratefully rough 
 on the Tongue ^ and is accounted a very 
 wholefome Fruit. This grows both in 
 the Eaji and Wefl-hdics^ where I have 
 fecn and eaten of it. 
 
 The Jempah or Jertipapah is a fort of 
 Fruit of the Calabafh or Gourd-kind. It 
 is about the bignefs of a Duck-Egg, and 
 fomewhat of an Oval Shape ^ and \% of a 
 grey Colour. The Shell is not altogether 
 fo thick nor hard as a Calabafti: 'Tis full 
 of whitifh Pulp mixt with fmall fiat Seeds 5 
 and both Pulp and Seeds muft be taken in- 
 to the Mouth, where fucking out the Pulp 
 you fpit out Seeds. It is of a (harp and 
 plcnfing Tafte, and is very innocent. The 
 Tree that bears it is much like an A(h, 
 
 ftrait 
 
1 
 
 The Arifah-Fr«/>^ and Mericafah. ^p 
 
 ftrait-bodied, and of a good height ^j^''. '^99. 
 clean front Limbs till near the top, where '--^'^ 
 there branches forth a fmall Head. The 
 Rind is of a pale grey, and fo is the Fruit. 
 We us'd of this Tree to make Helves or 
 Handles for Axes (for which it is very pro- 
 per) in the Bay of CdMpeai:hy ^ where I 
 have fecn of them, and no where clfc but 
 here. 
 
 Befidethefejiereare many forts of Fruits 
 which I have not met with any where 
 but here ^ as Arifah^ Mericafah's, Petungos^ 
 &c. Arifdh\ are an excellent Fruit, not 
 much bigger than a large Cherry^ (haped 
 like a Catherine-Peur, being fmall at the 
 Stemb, and fvvelling bigger towards the 
 end. They are of a greenifh Colour, and 
 have fmall Seeds as big as Muftard Seeds, 
 they are fomewhattart,yetpleafant,and ve- 
 ry wholfom,andmay beeatenby (kkPeople. 
 
 Mericafah\ arc an excellent Fruit, of 
 which there are two forts ^ one growing 
 on a fmall Tree or Shrub, which is coun- 
 ted the befti^ the other growing on a kind 
 of Shrub like a Vine, which they plant 
 about Arbours to make a (hade, having 
 many broad Leaves. The Fruit is as big 
 as a fmall Orange, round and green. When 
 they are ripe they are foft and fit to eat 5 
 full of white pulp mixt thick with little 
 black Seeds, and there is no feparating 
 one Iroia the other, till they are in your 
 
 '> 
 > 
 
 Mouth 
 
JO Petango. Petumbo. Miingaroo^ &*€. 
 
 'At i^ Mouth 5 when you fuck in the white Pulp 
 ^"^^^^^ and fpit out the Stones. They are tart, 
 pleafant, and very wholfomc. 
 
 Petangos^ are a fmall red Fruit, that 
 grow alfo on fmall Trees, and are as big 
 as Cherries, bat not fo Globular, having 
 one flat fide, and alfo $ or 6 fmall protulc- 
 rant Hidges. 'Tis a very pleafant tart 
 Fruit, and has a pretty large flattifti Stone 
 in the middle. 
 
 Petumhos, arc a yellow Fruit (grow- 
 ing on a Shrub like a Vine) bigger than 
 • Cherries, with a pretty large Stone : Thefc 
 are fweet, but rough in the Mouth. 
 
 Muftgaroos^ are a Fruit as big as Cher- 
 ries, red on one fide and white on the o- 
 ther fide : They are faid to be full of fmall 
 Seeds, which are commonly fwallowed in 
 eating them. 
 
 Muckifhaws, are faid to be a Fruit as big 
 as Crab-Apples, growing on large Trees. 
 They have alfo fmall Seeds in the mid- 
 dle, and are well tafted. 
 • Ingwa\ are a Fruit like the Locuft- 
 Fruit, 4 Inches long, and one broad. They 
 grow on high Trees. 
 
 Otecy is a Fruit as big as a large Coco- 
 Nut^ It hath a Husk on the outfide, and 
 a large Stone within, and is accounted a 
 very fine Fruit. 
 
Mufteran-de-ova. Palm^erry^ &c. 71 
 
 MuJlcran'de'Ova% are a round Fruit as ^^J^J^* 
 big as large Hazel-Nuts, cover'd with thin ^■^^'^^ 
 brittle Shells of a blackifh colour : They 
 have a fmall Stone in the middle, indofed 
 within a black pulpy fubftance, which is 
 of a pleaCant tafte. The outfide Shell is 
 chewed with the Fruit, and fpit out with 
 the Stone, when the pulp is fuck'd from 
 them. The Tree that bears this Fruit is 
 tall, large, and very hard Wood. I have 
 not feen any of thefe five laft named Fruits, 
 but had them thus defcribed to me by an 
 Irijh Inhabitant of Bahia-^ tho* as to this 
 laft, I am apt to believe, I may have both 
 feen and eaten of them in Achin in 5«- 
 matra, 
 
 Palm-herries (called here Detjdces) grow 
 
 Plentifully about Bahia 5 the largeft are as 
 ig as Wall-nuts ^ they grow in bunches 
 on the top of the Body of the Tree, a<» 
 mong the Roots of the Branches or Leaves, 
 as all Fruits of the Palm-kind do. Thefe 
 are the fame kind of Berries or Nuts as 
 thofe they make the Palm-Oyl with on the 
 Coaft of Guinea^ where they abound : And 
 I was told that they make Oyl with them 
 here alfo. They fometimes Roaft and Eat 
 them 5 but when I had one Roafted ta. 
 prove it, I did not like it. 
 
 PhyJichNuts^ as our Seamen call them, 
 are called here Fimon 5 and Agnus Caftus 
 is called here Carrepat : Thefe both grow 
 
 F 4 here: 
 
I! 
 hi 
 
 )■?■ 
 
 J 2 Brafilian Fruits ^ Roots ^ and Herbs, 
 
 'An* I (599. here: So do Mendibees^ aFvmtlikQ PAjfick- 
 ^^^"^^ Nnts. They fcorch them in a Pan over the 
 jpre before they eat them. 
 
 Here are alfo great plenty of Cabbage^r 
 Trees, and other Fruits, which I did not 
 get information about, and which I had 
 not the opportunity of feeing ^ becaufe 
 this was not the Seafon,it being our Spring, 
 and confequently their Autumn, when 
 their bed Fruits were gone, tho' fome were 
 left. However I faw abundance of wild 
 Berries in the Woods and Fields, but I 
 could not learn their Names or Nature. 
 
 They h^ve withal good plenty of ground 
 Fruit, 2JS Callavances^ Pine- Apples, Punir 
 fcins, Water-Melons, Musk-Melon$, Cu- 
 cumbers, and Roots ^ as Yams, Potato's 
 Caffava's, &c. Garden Herbs alfo good 
 ftpre i as Cabbages, Turnips, Onions, 
 Leeks, and abundance of other Sallading, 
 and for the Pot. Drugs of feveral forts, 
 vh, Saffafras, Snake-Root, &c. Befide the 
 Woods 1 mentioned for Dying, and other 
 yfes, as Fuftick, Speckled-\ ood, &c. 
 
 I brought home with me from hence a 
 good nurpber of Plants, dried between the 
 leaves of Books 5 of fome of the choiceft of 
 which, that are not fpoil'd, I may give a 
 Specimen at the End of the Book. 
 
 Here are faid to be great plenty and va* 
 riety of Wild-Fowl, z^/z,. l^ewwtf's, iWrfrr4»>*s 
 (which are called here Jackoo\ and are 
 3 larger fort of Parrots, and fcarcer) Par- 
 rots. 
 
 \;- 
 
VVNJ. 
 
 Birds. The Yemma^ and Crows. 73 
 
 rots,Parakite6^Flamingo*s,Carrion-Crows, ^wj^'^pp 
 Chattering-Crows, Cockreqoes, Bill-Birds ^ ^ ' 
 finely painted, Correfoes, Doves,Pidgeons, 
 JencHfis^ Clocking-Hens, Crab-Catchers, 
 Galdens, Currecoo's, Mufcovy Ducks, 
 common Ducks, Widgeons, Teal, Cur-: 
 lews. Men of War Birds, Booby's, Nod- 
 dy's, Pelicans, &c. 
 
 The TemmA is bigger than a Swan, grey- 
 feathered, with a long thick (harp-poiu- 
 ted Bill. 
 
 The Carripn-Crow and Chattering- 
 Crows, are called here Mackeratv% and are 
 like thofe I defcribed in the Weft-Indies^ . 
 IVol II. Part 11. p. 67.] The Bill of the 
 Chattering- Cro IV is black, and the Upper 
 Bill is round, bending downwards like a 
 Hawks-Bill, rifing up in a ridge almoft 
 Semi-circular, and very (harp, both at the 
 Ridge or Convexity, and at the Point or 
 Extremity : The Lower-Bill is flat and 
 fliuts even with it. I was told by a For- 
 tugueze here, that their Ncgr^^-Wenches 
 make Love-Potions with thefe Birds. And 
 the Fortugue^e care not to let them have 
 any of thefe Birds, to keep them from that 
 Superftition : As I found one Afternoon 
 when I was in the Fields with a Padre 
 and another, who (hot two of them, and 
 hid them, as they faid, for that reafoq. 
 They are not good Food, but their Bills 
 a.e reckoned a good Antidote againft.Poi- 
 fon. The 
 
 f 
 
* 
 
 ./W> 
 
 74 Bill-bird. Currefo, Turtle-Do^e^ &c, 
 
 ^":^iS^\ The Bill-Birds ^re fo called by the £/f^- 
 ^ /i/&, from their monftrous Bills, which 
 are as big as their Bodies. I faw none of 
 thefe Birds here, but faw feveral of the 
 Breafts flea*d off and dried, for the beau- 
 ty of them 5 the Feathers we^'e curioufly 
 colour*d with Red, Yellow, and Orange- 
 colour. 
 
 The Currefos (called here Machera^'s) 
 are fuch as arc in the Bay of Campcachy 
 [Vol. ir. Part 2. p. 67.] 
 
 Turtle-Doves are in great plenty here 5 
 and two forts of Wild Pidgeons^ the one 
 fort blackifh, the other alight grey: The 
 blackilh or dark grey are the bigger, be- 
 ing as large as our Wood-Qucft$,or Wood- 
 Pidgeons in EftgUnd, Both forts are very 
 good Meat 5 and are in fuch plenty from 
 May till September^ that a Man may (hoot 
 8 or 10 Dozen in feveral Shots at one 
 Handing, incclofe mifty Morning, when 
 they come to feed on Berries that grow iii 
 the Woods. 
 
 The Jenetee is a Bird as big as a Lark, 
 with blackifh Feathers, and yellow Legs 
 and Feet. Tis accounted very wholfome 
 Food. 
 
 Clocking-Hens, are much like the Crab- 
 catchers, which I have defcribed [VoU IL 
 Fart 2. p. 70.] but the Legs are not alto- 
 gether fo long. They keep always in 
 fwampy wet places, tho* their Claws are 
 
 like 
 
 I. 
 

 Birds of the Heron-kind^ 8cc. 75 
 
 like Land-Fowls Claws. They maJre a ^«- ^^99 
 Noife or Cluck like our Brood-Heiis, or '•^''^^^'''^* 
 Dunghil-Hens, when they have Chickens, 
 and for that reafon they are called by the • 
 Englijhy Clocking- Hens. There are many 
 of them in the Bay of Camp^achy (tho* I 
 omitted to fpeak of them there) and elfe- 
 whcre in the Wefi-htdies. There are both 
 here and there four forts of thefe long- 
 leg'd Fowls, near a-kin to each other, as 
 fo many Sub'Specks of the fame kind ^ 
 viz. Crab-catchers, Clocking-Hens, Gal- 
 dens (which three are in fhape and co* 
 lour like Herons inEngland^ but lefs^ the 
 Gulden, the biggeft of the three, the Crab- 
 catcher the fmalleft ^ and a fourth fort 
 which are black, but (haped like the other, 
 having long Legs and fhort Tails ^ thefe 
 are about the bignefs of Crah-cdtchers, and 
 feed as they do. 
 
 Currecoos, are Water Fowls, as big as' 
 pretty large Chickens, of a bluifli colour, 
 with fhort Legs and Tail 5 they feed al- 
 fo infwampy Ground, and are very good 
 Meat. I have not feen of them elfe- 
 where. • 
 
 The Wild-Ducks here are faid to be 
 of two forts, the Mufcovy^ and the com- 
 mon-Ducks. In the wet Seafon here arc * 
 abundance of them, but in the dry time 
 but few. Wigeon and Teal alfo are faid 
 to be in great plenty here in the wet Sea- 
 fon, Ta 
 
■'¥ 
 
 j6 
 
 An. 169^, 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 K 
 
 Ofiridges. DHnghil-FowL Beafis^ &c. 
 
 To the Southward of Bahia there are al- 
 foOftridges in great plenty, tho\ 'tisfaid, 
 they are not fo large as thofe of Africd : 
 They are found chiefly in the Southern 
 Parts of Brazil^ efpecially among the large 
 Savannahs near the River of Plate ; and 
 from thence further South towards the 
 Streights of Magellan, • 
 
 As for Tame Fowl at Bahia^ the chief 
 befide their Ducks, are Dunghil-Fowls, 
 of which they have two forts 3 one fort 
 much of the fize of our Cocks and Hens 5 
 the other very large: And the Feathers of 
 thefe lafl: are a long time coming forth 5 
 fo that you fee them very naked when half 
 grown ^ but when they are fuH grown 
 and well feathered, they appear very large 
 Fowls, as indeed they are 5 neither do they 
 want for price ^ for they are fold at Bahla 
 for half a Crown or three Shillings apiece, 
 juft as they are brought firft to Market 
 out of the Country, when they are fo 
 lean as to be fcarce fit to Eat. 
 ; The Land Animals here are Horfes, 
 black Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Rabbits, 
 Hogs, Leopards, Tigers, Foxes^ Mon*^ 
 keys, Pecary (a fort of wild Hogs, called 
 here P1V4) Armadillo, Alligators, Guano's 
 (caird ,^i«V/i2e) Lizards, Serpents, Toads, 
 Frogs, and a fort of Amphibious Crea- 
 tures called by the Portngueze Cachora's dei 
 4tgH4y \\\ JB/z^/i/J. Water-Dog?.. 
 
 tri 
 
 B 
 
 ft 
 
fVild'Beajir. Serpents. Amphisbaena. 77 
 
 The Leopards and Tigers of this Couri- An. 1699. 
 try are faid to be large and very fierce : ^•^^^^'^^ 
 But here on the Coaft they are cither de- 
 ftroyed, or drivcn*back towards the heart 
 of the Country 5 and therefore arefeldom 
 found but in the Borders and Out-planta- 
 tions, where they oftentimes do Mifchief. 
 Here are three or four forts of Monkeys, 
 of different Sizes and Colours. One fort 
 is very large ^ and another fort is very 
 fmall : Thefe laft are ugly in Shape and 
 Feature, and have a ftfong Scent of 
 Musk. 
 
 Here are feveral forts of Serpents, many 
 of them vaftly great, and moft of them 
 very venomous : As the Rattlc^fnake for 
 one : And for Venom , a fmall Green 
 Snake is bad enough, no bigger than the 
 Sternbof a Tobacco-pipe, and about 18 
 Inches long, very common here. 
 
 They have here alfo the Awphkh^na^ or 
 Two-headed Snake, of a grey Colour, 
 mixt with blackilh Stripes, whofe Bite is 
 reckoned to be incurable. Tis faid to be 
 blind, tho* it has two fmall Specks in each 
 Head like Eyes: Bnt whether it fees or not 
 I cannot tell. They fay it lives like a 
 Mole, nioftly under Ground ^ and tha: 
 when it is found above Ground it iscafily 
 kiird, becaufe it moves butflowly: Nei- 
 ther is its Sight (if it hath any) fo good as 
 to difcern any one that comes near to kill 
 
 ■€'. 
 
# 
 
 l/Vx 
 
 '1 
 lij 
 
 fill 
 
 m 
 
 ir 
 
 'i 
 
 78 L<w?flf a fid Waier-Setpents* 
 
 fVlt^* as few of thefe Creatures fly at a Maft, or 
 hurt him but when he comes in their way. 
 *Tis about 14 Inches long, and about the 
 bignefs of the inner joiht of a Man's msd- 
 dle Finger 5 being of one and the fanie 
 bignefs from one end to the other, with 
 a Head at each end, (as they faid 5 for I 
 cannot vouch it, for one I had was cut 
 (hort at one end) and both alike in fliapc 
 and bignefs ; and 'tis faid to move with 
 cither Headformoft,indifFerently5 whence 
 'tis called by the Fortugueze^ Cobra de dos 
 Cabefas, the Snake with two Heads. 
 
 The fmall black Snake is a very veno- 
 mous Creature. 
 
 There is alfo a grey Snake, with fed 
 and brown Spots all over its back. 'Tis 
 as big as a Man s Arm, and about 3 Foot 
 long, and is faid to be venomous. I faw 
 one of thefe. 
 
 Here are two forts of very large Snaked 
 or Serpents : One of 'era a Land-fnakc, 
 the other a Water- fnake. The Land- 
 fnake is of a grey colour, and about 18 or 
 20 Foot long : Not very Venomous, but 
 Ravenous; I was promifcd the fight of 
 one of their Skins, but wanted opportu- 
 nity. 
 
 The Water- fnake is faid to be near go 
 Foot long. Thefe 1 i vc wholly in the Wa- 
 ter, either in large Rivers, or great Lakes> 
 and prey jpon any Creature that comes 
 # ' within 
 
Tis 
 
 »• Great IVater-Snah of Brazil. j^ 
 
 within their reach, be it Man or Beaft. f\}^ 
 They draw their Prey to them with their ''''^^*^' 
 Tails: for when they fee any thing on the 
 Banks of the River or Lake where they 
 lurk, they fwing about their Tails lo or 
 i2Footov?r the Bank 5 and whatever 
 ftands within their Sweep is fnatch'd with 
 great Violence into the River, and drown- 
 ed by them. Nay 'tis reported very cre- 
 dibly that if they fee only a (hade of any 
 Animal at all on the Water, they will 
 flourifh their Tails to bring in the Man or 
 Beaft whofe (hade they fee, and are often- 
 times too fuccefsful in it. Wherefore Men 
 that have bufinefs near any place where 
 thefe Water-Monfters are fufpefted to lurk^ 
 are aiways provided with a Gun, which 
 they often Fire, and that fcares them away, 
 or keeps them quiet. They are faid to ^ 
 
 have great Heads, and ftrong Teeth a- 
 bout 6 Inches long. I was told by an Irijh 
 Man who lived here, that his Wife's Fa^ 
 ther was very near being taken by one of 
 them about this time of my firft Arrival 
 here, when his Father was with him up in 
 the Country : For the Beaft flouri(h'd his 
 Tail for him, but came not nigh enough 
 by a yard or two ^ however it feared him 
 fufficiently. * 
 
 The Amphibious Greatures here which 
 I faid are called by the Portugmze Cuchoras 
 de Agna^ or Water-dogs, are faid to be as 
 
 big 
 
■m 
 
 80 Ciichora dc Agus. FiJJj^ Shell-tip, 
 ^n. 1699, big as fmi^ll Maldives, and are all hairy and 
 """^^^ fhaggy from Head to Tail. They have 
 . d (fcort Legs, a pretty long Head and 
 uiort Tail ^ and are of a blacMfti Colour. 
 They live in fre(h Water-ponds, and of- 
 tentimes come a(hore and Sun themfelves 5 
 but retire to the Water if affaultcd; They 
 are eaten, and faid to be good Food. Se- 
 veral of thefe Creatures which I have now 
 fpoken of I have not feen, but informed 
 my felf about them while t was here at 
 Baku, from fober and fenfible Perfons a- 
 mong the Inhabitants, among whom t 
 met with feme that could fpeak Englijh. 
 
 In the Sea upon this Coafl: there is great 
 ftore and diver fity of Fifti, vi%. Je w-fifti, for 
 which there is a great Market at Bahia in 
 jLe»/ .• Tarpom's, Mullets, Groopers, 
 Snooks, Gar-fifli (called here GooUons,') 
 Gorajfes^ Barrama*s, Coquinda's, Caval- 
 V lie's, Cuchora*s (or Dog-filh) Conger- 
 Eels, Herrings (as I was told) the Ser- 
 rew^ the Olio de Bojf, (I write and fpell 
 f them juft as they were named to me) 
 Whales, &c. 
 
 Hereisalfo Shell- filn (tho in lefs plenty 
 about Bahia than on other parts of the 
 Coaft,) viz. Lobfters, Craw-fifli, Shrimps, 
 -^ Crabs, Oyfters of the common fort^ 
 
 Conchs, Wilks, Cockles, Mufclcs, Perri- 
 \vinklcs, &c. Here are three forts of Sea- 
 Turtle, viz, Hawksbill, Loggerhead, antj 
 
 Green : 
 
 X • 
 
T^^n*' r^ ^-^ ' 
 
 7//A 
 
 iger- 
 
 Ser- 
 
 |fpe!l 
 
 me) 
 
 mty 
 the 
 
 Cnen-Turtle. Han^ks-bill Turtle. 8 1 
 
 Green : But none of them are iu any |^J;^^ 
 efteem, neither Spaniards nor PortugHeJi 
 loving them : Nay they have a great An- 
 tipatbv agaiiift them, and would much ra- 
 tbef eat a Porpofe, tho* our Englijh count, 
 the Green Turtle very extraordinary Food. 
 The Reafonthat is commonly given in the 
 Wefl'^hdks for the Spaniards not caring to 
 eat of tliem, is the fear they have left, be- 
 ingufuallv foul-bodied, and m^ny of theitl 
 pox'd (lying, as they do, fopromifcuouf- 
 Iv with their Negriiles and other She- 
 flaves) they fhould break out loathfdmejy 
 like Lepers^ which this fort of Food, 'tis 
 faid, does raucli encline Men to do,fearch- 
 ing tlie Rody, and driving out any fuch 
 grofs Humors : For which caufe maiiy of 
 Our Englijh Valetudinarians have gone 
 from Jamaica (tho* there they have alfa 
 Turtle) to the L Caimanes^ at the Laying- 
 time, to live wholly upon Turtle that 
 then abound thef e 5 piirpofely to have their 
 Bodies fcour'dby thjsFood^ and their Di- 
 ftempers driven out 5 and have been faid 
 to have found mainy of them good Succefs 
 in It, But this by the way. The Ha wkf- 
 bill-Turtle on this Coaft of Brazil is moft 
 fought after of any, for its Shell ^ which 
 by Report of tbofe I have conversed with 
 at Bahidy is the cleared and beft clouded 
 tortoifc-rtiell in the World, I had foriic 
 of it (hewn me, which was indeed as good . 
 
 Q Jlf9 
 
Mi' 
 U^. 
 
 82 5*^ Paul's, &c. iw Bfazi!. 
 
 . '^-as I ever faw. They get a pretty deal o 
 ^''^^ it in fome Parts on this Coaft 3 but 'ti 
 
 tis 
 very dear. 
 
 Befide this Port of 54^14 ^e todos los San- 
 tos^ there are two more principal Ports 
 on Brdzily -le EuroptdH Ships Trade, 
 viz. Perndmhnc and RU Jdneira 3 and i was 
 told that there go as many Ships to each of 
 thefe Places as to BdhU^ and two Men of 
 War to each Place for their Convoys. Of 
 the other Ports in this Country none is 
 of greater Note than that of St. Pdul\ 
 where they gather much Gold 5 but the 
 Inhabitants are faid to bea fortof wQ^i^dfi/^i, 
 or loofc People that live under no Govern- 
 ment : But their Gold brings them all forts 
 of Commodities that they need, as Cloths, 
 Arms, Ammunition, &c. The Town is 
 faid to be large and ftrong. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
'♦'*' The Contents. 
 
 CHAP. III. 
 
 83 
 
 An, \6^^\ 
 
 The AJs Stay and Bufnicfi at Bahia : 
 • . Of the Winds and Seasons of the 
 ,Tear there. His Departure for N. 
 Holland. C. Salvadorc. The 
 JVinds on the Brafilian Coaft , and 
 Abrohio Shoal ^ Fi^j^ and Birds : 
 The Shear-water Bird^ and Cook- 
 ing of Sharks. Excejp've number 
 of Birds about a dead Whale , of 
 the Pintado-bird^ and the Petrel^ 
 Sec. Of a Bird thatfhews the C. 
 of G. Hope to be near : of the Sea- 
 reckonings^ and Variations : and a 
 Table of all ^/?e Variations objer'ud 
 in this Voyage. Occurrences near the 
 Cape ^ and the A.^Jt p^fftng by it. 
 Of the Wejierly Winds beyond it : 
 A Storm^ and its Presages. The 
 A.^s^ Course to Ni. Holland^ and 
 Signs of approaching it. Another 
 Abrohio Shole and Storm^ and 
 the A.'s Arrival on part ofN. Hol- 
 land. That part defcrib'd , and 
 $harkV Bay^ where he frjl An* 
 
 Q '^ chorSi 
 
84 
 
 
 The A's flay at Bahia j 
 
 chors. Of the Land there ^ Vege^ 
 tables^ Birds ^ &c. A particular 
 fort ^y Guano : F//Z>^ and be ant i- 
 ftd Shells 5 Turtle ^ large 
 Shark^ and Water-Serpents. The 
 A^s remo'ving to another part of N. 
 Holland : Dolphins^ Whales^ and 
 more Sea-Serpents : and of a Paf- 
 fagc or Streight- fuJJ>eBed here : 
 Of the Vegetables^ Birds^ and 
 Fijh. He anchors on a third Part 
 ofN. Holland^ and digs Wells ^ 
 hut brackiflj. Of the Inhabitants 
 there y the great Tides ^ the Vegeta- 
 bles and Animals^ &c. 
 
 MY ftay here at Bahia was about a 
 Month : during vvhich time the 
 Vice- Roy ofGoa came hither from thence 
 in a great Ship, faid to be richly laden with 
 all forts of IftdsM Goods ^ but (he did not 
 break Bulk here, being bound home for 
 Lisboft : only the Vice-Roy intended to 
 xcfrefh his Men (of whomhe had loft many, 
 and moft of the reft were very fickly, 
 having been 4 Months in their Voyage hi- 
 ther) and fo to take in Water, and depart 
 for Europe^ in Company with the other 
 
 ?or' 
 
and Preparation to go aw A^. 85 
 
 PortHguefe Ships thither Bound 5 whoj^^.^^ 
 had Orders to be ready to Sail by the 
 twentieth of Mmv. He dcfif 'd me to car- 
 ry a Letter for him, direfted to his Suc- 
 ccffor the new Vice-Roy of God : Which 
 I did 5 fending it thither afterwards by 
 Captain Hawmond, whom I found near 
 the Cape of Good Hope. The refrcdi- 
 ing my Men, and taking in Water, was 
 the main alfo of my Bufinefs here ^ be- 
 fide the having the better opportuni^ 
 ty to compofe the Diforders among my 
 Crew : Which, as I have before rela- 
 ted, were grown to fo great a Heighth, 
 that they could not without great Dif- 
 ficulty be appeafcd : However, finding 
 Opportunity, during my ftay in this Place, 
 to allay in fome nieafure the Ferment • . 
 that had been raifed among my Men, * 
 I now fet my felf to provide for the car- 
 rying on of my Voyage with ^Tiorc 
 Heart than before, and put all Hands 
 to work, in order to it, as faft as the 
 backwardnefs of my Men would per- 
 mit ; who (kew'd continually their un-. 
 willingnefs to proceed farther. Befidcs, 
 their Heads were generally fill'd with 
 ftrange Notions of Southerly Winds 
 that were now fetting in (and there 
 had been already fome Flurries of them) 
 
 G 3 whichj 
 
Si 
 
 il 
 
 V > 
 
 86 Of the Winds and Sea[onf,at Bahia. 
 
 An. 1^93' which, as they furmis'd,,; would hinder 
 
 ^'^^"'^^ any farther Attempts of going on to 
 
 the SouthNyard, fo Jong ^s they (hould 
 
 The VVinds begin to fhift here in 
 Jpnl and September, and the Seafons of 
 the Year (the Dry and the Wet) alter 
 with them, In April the Southerly 
 Winds make their entrance on this 
 Cqaft, bringing in the wet Seafon, with 
 violent Tornadoes, Thunder and Light- 
 ping, and much Rain. Ir^ Se ft ember the 
 other Coafting Trade, at Eaft North- 
 Eaft comes in, and clears the Sky, bring- 
 ing fair Weather. This, as to the change 
 of Wind, is what I have obferv'd Vql. 
 IL Part. 3. p. 19. but a$ to the change 
 of Weather accompanying it fo exaftly 
 \ h^TQ '3t Bahia^ this is a particular Excep- 
 tion to what I have Experienced in all 
 other PI ices of South Latitudes that J 
 have been in berween the Tropicks^ or 
 thofe I have heard of :^ for there the Dry 
 Seafons, fets in, in April, and the Wet 
 about OSoher or November^ fooner pr 
 later (as Ihave faid that they are, inSouth 
 Latitudes, the Reverfe of the Seafons, or 
 Weather, in the fame Montiis in N. La- 
 titudes, Vol U. Part. 3. p. 77.) whereas on 
 this Coaft of Bra%il^ the wet Seafon 
 
 Come§ 
 
t Bahia. 
 
 d hinder 
 g on to 
 aiould 
 
 here in 
 afons of 
 et) alter 
 outhcrly 
 on this 
 >n, with 
 d Light- 
 
 \^her the 
 
 t North- 
 , bring- 
 e change 
 v'd Vql. 
 . change 
 ► exaftly 
 
 Excep- 
 i in all 
 
 that I 
 ckf, or 
 he Dry 
 le Wet 
 ner pr 
 ^ South 
 >ns, or 
 N. La- 
 'eas on 
 Seafon 
 comes 
 
 Se^im for tutting Sugar-iCanes. 87 
 
 comes in, in Aprils at the fame time that vJJ;/^ 
 it doth in N. Latitudes, and the Dry (as ^^^^^^ 
 I have faid here) in September ^ the Rains 
 here not lafting fo far in the year as in o* 
 ther PJaces : for in &/>/e«A^r the Weather 
 is ufually fo fair, that in the latter part of 
 that Month they begin to cut their Sugars 
 Canes here, as I was told 5 for I en- 
 quired particularly about the Scafons : 
 Though this, as to the Seafon of cut- 
 ting of Canes, which I was now af- 
 fur'd to be in September^ agrees not very 
 well with what I was formerly told 
 [Vol. IL Pa«t. J. p. 82.] that in BrAzal 
 they cut the' Canes in jf«//. And fo, as to 
 what is faid a little lower in the fame 
 Page, that in managing ilieir Canes they 
 are not confin'd to the Seafons, *his ought 
 to have been exprefs*d only of Planting 
 them 3 for 4;hcy never cut them but in the 
 dry Seafoti. 
 
 But 'to return to the Southerly Winds, 
 which came in (as I cxpefted they would) 
 while I was here ; Thefe daunted my , 
 Ship's Company very much, tho* f had 
 told them they were to look for them : 
 But they being ignorant as to what I told 
 them farther, that thefe were only Coaft- 
 ing- Winds, fweeping the Shore to about 
 40 or 50 Leagues in breadth from it 5 and 
 imagining that they had blown fo all the 
 Sea over, between America and Afrka ^ 
 
 G 4 and 
 
r ^'1 
 
 i| 
 
 i^ 
 
 88 Watering'flace at Bahia j 
 
 >^>^ and being confirmed in this their Opinion 
 ''^"^^^^^ by the Fortuguefe Pilots of the European 
 Ships, with whom feveral of my Officers 
 converfed much, and who were them- 
 felves as ignorant that thefe were only 
 Coaftlng Trade-Winds (themfelves going 
 away before them, in their return home- 
 wards, till they crofs the Line, and fo ha- 
 ving no experience of the Breadth of them) 
 being thus poflefs'd with a Conceit that 
 we could not Sail frorahence till September 5 
 this made them ftill the more remifs in 
 their Duties, and very liftlefs to the get- 
 ting Things in a readinefs for our Depar-* 
 ture. However I was the more dih'getit 
 my felf to have the Shipfcrubb'd, and to 
 fend my Water-Casks alhore to get them 
 trimm'd, my Beer being now out. I went 
 alfo to the Governor to get my Water 
 fiird 5 for here being but. one Watering- 
 place (and the Water running low, now 
 at the end of the Dry Seafon) it was al- 
 ways fo crouded with the Europenn Ships 
 Boats, who were preparing to be gone, 
 that my Men could feldom come nigh it^ 
 till the Governour very kindly fent an Of? 
 ficer to clear the Water-place for my Men, 
 and to ftay there till my Water^Caskswere 
 all full, whom I fatisfied for his Pains. 
 Here I alfo got Aboard 9 or ic Tun of 
 Ballaft, and made my Boatfwain fit the 
 
 Rig- 
 
 a 
 
 all 
 fii 
 StI 
 li( 
 cei 
 
 eii 
 fel 
 fai 
 
and pleasant Fields about it. Sp 
 
 Rigging that was amifs : And I enquired /^J;J^' 
 alfo of my particular Officers whofe Bu» 
 finefs it was, whether they wanted any 
 Stores, efpecially Pitch and Tar^ for that 
 here I would fupply my felf before I pro* 
 ceeded any farther 5 but they faid they had 
 enough,tho* it did not afterwards prove fo. 
 I commonly went afhore every day, 
 either upon Bufinefs, or to recreate my 
 felf in the Fields, which wei'e very plea- 
 fant, and tho more for a fliower of Rain 
 now and then, that ulhers in the Wet Sea* 
 fon. Several forts of good Fruits were al- 
 fo ftill remaining, efpecially Oranges, 
 which were in fuch plenty, that I and all 
 my Company ftock'd our felves for our 
 Voyage with them, and they did us a 
 great kindnefs ^ and we took in alfo a good 
 quantity of Rum and Sugar : But for 
 Fowls they being here lean and dear, I 
 was glad I had ftock'd my felf at St. Jt^^go. 
 But by the little care my Officers took for 
 frefli Provifions, one might conclude, they 
 did not think of going much farther. Be- 
 jfides, I had like to have been imbroiled 
 with the Clergy here (of the hquifition^ 
 as I fuppofe) and fo my Voyage might 
 have been hindred. What was faid to 
 them of me, by fomc of my Company 
 that went afhore, I know not 5 but 1 
 was allured by a Merchant there, that 
 if they got me into their Clutches (and 
 
 It 
 
i 
 
 m 
 
 f 
 
 |. 
 
 
 90 The A's departure from Babia. 
 
 ^y->/^ it feems, when r was lafl: afhore they had 
 ^^^^^* narrowly watih'd rpe) the Governor him- 
 felf could not releafe me. Befides I might 
 either be morther'd in the Streets, as be 
 fent me word, or poyfoned, if I caiiie a* 
 Ihore any more ^ and therefore he advifed 
 me to (lay aboard. Indeed I had now no 
 further Bufinefs alhore but to take leave 
 of the Governor, and therefore took his 
 Advice. ^ ^^ ;^ - 
 
 Our Stay here was till the s^d of ApriL 
 i would have gone before if f could fooncr 
 ihave fitted my felf 5 but was now earneft 
 to be gone, becaufe this Harbour lies open 
 to the S. and S. S, W. whi<ih are raging 
 Winds here, and now was the Seafon for 
 them. We had two or three Touches 
 of them^ arid one pretty feVere, and the 
 Ships ride there fo near each other, that 
 if a Cable fhould fail, or an Anchor ftart, 
 you are inftantly aboard of one Ship or 
 other : And I was more afraid of being dif- 
 abled here in Harbour by thefe bluftring 
 Winds, than difcouraged by them, as my 
 People were, from profecuting the Voy- 
 age 5 for at prefent I even wifh'd for a 
 brisk Southerly Wind as foon as I (hould 
 be once well cut of the tiarbour, to fet me 
 the fooner into the True General Trade- 
 Wind. 
 
 The Tide of Flood being fpent, and 
 having a fine Land- Breeze on the 23d, in 
 
 the 
 
 th( 
 ch 
 la^ 
 be 
 ha 
 
 goi 
 at 
 
C. Salvador : Winds and Breezes. 9 1 
 
 the Morning, I went away from the An- "^^99, 
 cboring- place before 'twas light 3 and then ^^^^^"^ 
 lay by till Day-light that we might fee the 
 better how to go out of the Harbour. I 
 had a Pilot belonging to Mr. Cock, who 
 went out with me, to whom I gave three 
 Dollars 5 but I found I could as well have 
 gone out my felf, by the Soundings I made 
 at coming in. The Wind was E. by N. 
 and fair Weather. By 10 a Clock I was 
 got pad all danger, and then fent away my 
 Pilot. At 12 Cape Salvadore bore N. di- 
 ftant 6 Leagues, and we had the Winds 
 between the E. by N. and S. E. a confi- 
 derable time, fo that we kept along near 
 , the Shore, commonly in fight of it. The 
 Southerly Blafts had now left us again 5 . , 
 
 for they come at firfl: in ftiort Flurries, . 
 
 and fhift to other Points (for 10 or 1 2 ;= 
 
 days fometimcs) before they are quite fet 
 in: And we had uncertain Winds, between - . ^ 
 Sea and Land-Breezes, and the Coafting- 
 Trade, which was its felf unfettled. 
 ^ The Eaftcrly- Winds at prefent made me 
 doubt I (hould not Weather a great Shoal 
 which lies in Lat. between 18 deg. and j 
 
 19 deg. S. and runs a great way into the 
 Sea, direftly from the Land, Eafterly. 
 Indeed the Weather was fair (and conti- 
 nued fo a good while) fo that I might the 
 better avoid any Danger from it : And if 
 the Wind came to the Southward I knew 
 
 I 
 
95 Longitude taken front C. Salvador. 
 
 ^J";^;^ I could ftretch off to Sea ^ fo that I jogg*d 
 ^^^^^^ on couragioufly. The 27th of April we 
 faw a fmal! Brigantine under the Shore 
 plying to the Southward. We alfo faw 
 many Men of War-birds and Boobies, and 
 abundance of Albkore-Vi^, Having ftill 
 fair Weather, fmall Gales, and fome 
 Calms, I had the opportunity of ttying 
 the Current, whidi I found to fet fome- 
 tlmes Northerly and rometimeg Southerly : 
 And therefore knew I was ftill within the 
 Verge of the Tides. Being now in the 
 Lat. of the Abrohh Shoals,which I expefted 
 to meet with, I founded, and had Water 
 lefTening from 40 to 35, and foto 25 Fa- 
 thom : But then it rofe again to 35, 35^. 
 37, &c. all Coral Rocks. Whilft we were 
 on this Shoal (which wc crofs*d towards 
 the further part of it from Land, where it 
 lay deep, and fo was not dangerous) we 
 caught a great many.Filh with Hook and 
 . Line$ and by evening Amplitude wq had 
 6 deg. 38 min. Eaft Variation. This was 
 the 27th of April -^ we were then in Latf 
 18 deg. 13 min. S. and Eaft Longitude 
 from Cape Salvadore 31 min. On the 
 29th, being then in Lat. 18 deg. 39 min. S. 
 we had fmall Gales from the W. N. W, 
 to the W. S. W. often (hifting. The 30th 
 we had the Winds from W. to S. S. E. 
 Squalls and Rain : And we faw fome Dol- 
 phins and other Fi(h about us. We, were 
 
 new 
 
 nol 
 fo 
 
 inj 
 
 thai 
 
 reel 
 
 thel 
 
 tha 
 
 the 
 
was 
 Latf 
 
 Itude 
 the 
 
 n. S. 
 W, 
 
 toth 
 
 I E. 
 ►ol- 
 ^ere 
 
 new 
 
 Shear- water's. Shark's cooJid. p^ 
 
 now out of fight of Land, and had been ^"-1^99 
 fo 4or 5 Days: But the Winds now hang- ^^^^^"^^"^^ 
 ing in the South was an apparent Sign 
 that ive were ftill too nigh the Shore to 
 receive the True General Eaft-Trade ^ as 
 the Eafterly Winds we had before (hew*d 
 that we were too far off the Land to have 
 the Benefit of the Coafting South-Trade : 
 and the faintnefs of both thefe VVinds,and 
 their often (hifting from the S. S. VV. to the 
 S. E. with Squalls, Rain and fmall Gales, 
 were a Confirmation of our being between 
 the Verge of the S. Coafting-Trade, and 
 that of the True Trade 3 which is here, 
 regularly, S. E. 
 
 The third of May being in Lat. 20 deg. 
 00 min. and Merid. diftance Weft from 
 Cape 5/ftoi^(?re 234 Miles, the Variation 
 was 7 deg. 00 min. VVc faw no Fowl 
 but Shear-waters,as our Sea-men call them, 
 being a fmall black Fowl that fweep the 
 Water as they fly, and are much in the 
 Seas that lie without either of the Tropicks : 
 They are not eaten. We caught 3 fmall 
 Sharks, each 6 Foot 4 Inches long 5 and 
 they were very good Food for us. The 
 next day we caught 3 more Sharks of the 
 fame fize, and we eat them alfo, efteem- 
 ing them as good Fi(h boil'd and prefs'd, 
 and then ftevv*d with Vinegar and Pep-. 
 
 per. ' 
 
 We 
 
94 
 
 ^'Whales. Immmerahle Fowls. 
 
 An, \699' We had nothing of Remark from the 
 ^-^''^^3(1 of Af/fytothe loth, only now and then 
 feeing a fmall Whale fpoutiiig up the 
 Water. We had the Wind Eafterly, and 
 we ran with It to the Southward, running 
 in this time from the Lat.of 2odeg. oo m. 
 to 29 deg. 5 min. S. and having then jd. 
 3 m. E. LowgAxomC, Salvador e-^ the Va- 
 riation increafing upon us, at prefcnt, 
 notwithftanding we went Eaft. Wc had 
 all along a great difference between the 
 Morning and Evening Amplitudes^ ufual- 
 ly a degree or two, and fometimes more. 
 We were now in the True Trade, and 
 therefore made good way to the South- 
 ward, to get without the Verge of the 
 General Trade-Wind into a VVefterly 
 Wind's way, that might carry us towards 
 the Cape of Good Hope, By the 12th of 
 May^ being in Lat. 51 deg. 10 min. wc 
 began to meet with Wefterly Winds, 
 which freflined on us, and did not leave us 
 till a little before we made the Cape. Some- 
 times it blew fo hard that it put us under 
 a fore-courfe 5 efpecially in the Night : 
 . but in the day-time we had commonly our 
 Main Top- fail rift. We met with nothing 
 of moment 5 only we paft by a dcaa 
 Whale, and faw Millions (as I may fay) 
 of Sea-Fowls about -o Carcafs (and as 
 far round about it as we could fee) fome 
 feeding, and the reft flying about, or fit- 
 ting 
 
 ting 
 
 Turl 
 the 
 
 .J 
 
Pwtado'birds^Shear'jvaters^Petrels^&cc. p c 
 
 ting on the Water, waiting to take their ^4". 1^99. 
 Turns. We firft difcovered the VVhale by '•^^VVi 
 the Fowls ^ fc;" indeed I did never fee fo 
 many Fowls at once in my Life before, 
 their Numbers being inconceivably great: 
 They were of divers forts, in Bignefs, 
 Shape and Colour. Some were almoft as 
 big as Geefe, of a grey Colour, with 
 white Breads, and with fuch Bills, Wings, 
 and Tails. Some were Pintado-Wirds^as 
 big as Ducks, and fpeckled Black and 
 White. Some were Shear-waters 3 fome 
 Petrels ^ and there were feveral forts of 
 large Fowls. We faw of thefe Birds, ef- 
 pecially the Pwtado-hivds^ all the Sea over 
 from abqut 200 Leagues diftant from the 
 Coaft of Brazily to within much the fame 
 diftance of New-Hottand. The Pintado is a 
 Southern Bird, and of that Temperate 
 Zone 5 for i never faw of them much to 
 the Nor ward of 30 deg. S. The Pintado- 
 bird is as big as a Duck ^ but appears, as 
 it flies, about the bignefs of a tame Pigeon; 
 having a (hprt Tail, but the Wings very 
 long, as moft Sea-Fowls have 5 cfpecially 
 fuch as thefe that fly far from the Shore, 
 and fcldom come nigh it : for their Reft* 
 ingis fitting afloat upon the Water 5 but 
 they layj I fqppofe, ailiore. There arc 
 three forts of thefe Birds, all of the fame 
 make and. bignefs, and are only different 
 in Colour. , The firft is black all over ^ 
 
m 
 
 ^6 The Pintado-bird defctih'cL , ' 
 
 i4«. 1699. The fecond fort ara grey, with white 
 ^^-^^ Bellies and Breafts. The third fort, which 
 is the true Pintado, or Painted-bird, iscu- 
 rionfly fpotted white and blick. Thei< 
 Heads, and the tips of their Wings and 
 Tails, are black for about an Inch 5 and 
 their Wings are alfo.edg'd quite round 
 with fuch a fmall black Lift ^ only within 
 the black on the tip of their Wings there 
 is a white Spot feeming as they fly (for 
 then their Spots are beft feen) as big as at 
 Half-crown. All this is on the outfideof 
 the Tails and Wings ^ and as there is a 
 white Spot in the black Tip of the Wings, 
 fo there is in the middle of the Wings 
 which is white, a black Spot ^ but this, 
 towards the back of the Bird, turns gradu- 
 ally to a dark grey. The Back its felf, 
 from the Head to the Tip of the Tail, and 
 the Edge of the Wings next to the Back, 
 are all over- fpotted with fine fmall, round, 
 white and black Spots, as big as a Silver 
 Two-pence, and as clofe as they can ftick 
 one by another : The Belly, Thighs, Sides, 
 and inner part of the Winds, are of a light 
 Grey. Thefe Birds, of all thefe forts, fly 
 many together, never high, but almoft 
 fweeping the Water. We (hot one a while 
 after on the Water in a Calm, and a Wa- 
 fer-Spaniel we had with us brought it in: 
 I have given a Pifture of it [See Birds. Fig. 
 1*3 but it was fo damaged, that the Pifture 
 
 doth 
 
 an 
 
 rhis 
 
 If. 
 
^ac€ thtj :P c6 . 
 
 "■> 
 
 "Thij 7^r^ much r^J^mltli^s 
 and 'll'awneil hv Txfo . 
 
 1h£ :Pxrttada :B'L7^ 
 
doth nc 
 Spots aj 
 fprcad 
 
 TheF 
 Swallow 
 Tail. 
 Spot on 
 like Swa 
 They arc 
 being Fc 
 call therr 
 come ab( 
 don't lov 
 will hov( 
 the Wake 
 fmoothn( 
 made on 
 (gently t 
 nately wi 
 Upon it 5 
 from hen( 
 of Petrel. 
 ing upon 
 
 We a: 
 weeds in 
 ment, nes 
 ftUft d' Ac 
 20 min. 
 again det 
 till hear t 
 we found 
 thence, as 
 I Variation 
 
The Petrel. Variation. p7 
 
 doth not (hew it to advantage 5 and its'^"- ^^9$ 
 Spots are beft feen when the Feathers are ^"^^"^^^ 
 fpread as it flies. 
 
 The Petrel is a Bird not much unlike a 
 Swallow, but fmaller, and with a fhorter 
 Tail. Tis all over black, except a white 
 Spot on the Rump. They fly fwceping 
 like Swallows, and very near the Water. 
 They are not fo often feen in fair Weather 5 
 being Foul-weather Birds, as our Seamen • 
 call them,and prefagingaStorm when they 
 come about a Ship 5 who for that Reafon 
 don't love to fee them. Tn a Storm they • 
 will hover clofe under the Ship's Stern, in 
 the Wake of the Ship (as 'tis call'd) or the 
 fmoothnefs which the Ship's pafling has 
 made on the Sea .* And there as they fly 
 (gently then) they pat the VVater altei?- 
 nately with their Feet, as if they walk'd 
 upon it 5 tho' (till upon the Wing. And 
 from hence the Seamen give them the name 
 of Petrels^ in allufiori to St. Peter % walk^ 
 ing upon the Lake of Gennefareth. 
 
 VVe alfo faw many Bunches of Sea*- 
 weeds in the Lat. of 59. 32. and by Judg^ 
 ment, near the Meridian of the Ifland Tri- 
 ftinfj d' Aconha : And then we had about 2 d: 
 20 min. Eaft Variation 3 which was now 
 again decreafing as we ran to the Eaft ward, 
 till hear the Meridian of Afiention ^ where 
 we found little or no Variation* But froni 
 I thence, as we ran farther to the Eaft, out 
 I Variation increafcd Weiterly, 
 
 H • Twc 
 
.# 
 
 98 
 
 An. 1699. 
 
 i 
 
 fowls fhorving the C. of G. Hope near. 
 
 Tvro days before Lmade the Cape of 
 G. Hope^ ray Variation was 7 deg. 58 min. 
 Weft. I was then in 43 deg. 27 rain. 
 Eaft Longit. from C. Salvador^ being in 
 Lat. 35 deg. 30 min. this was the firft of 
 June. The fecond of Jum I faw a large 
 black Fowl, with a whitifh flat Bill, fly 
 by us 5 and took great notice of it, becAufe 
 in the Eaji-hdia Waggoner, or Pilot-book, 
 there is mention made of large Fowls, as 
 big as Ravens, with white flat Bills and 
 black Feathers, that fly not above 30 
 Leagues from the Cape^ and are look'd on as 
 a Sign of ones being near it. My Reck- 
 oning made me then think my felf above 
 90 Leagues from the Cape, according to the 
 Longitude which the Cape hath in the com- 
 mon Sea-Charts : So that I was in fome 
 doubt, *vhether thefe were the right 
 Fowls fpokcn of in the Waggoner 5 or 
 whether thofe Fowls might not fly farther 
 offshore than is there mentioned ^ or whe- 
 ther, as it prov'd, 1 might not be nearer 
 the Cape than I reckoned my felf to be 5 for 
 I found, foon after, that I was not then 
 above 25 or 30 Leagues at moftfrom the 
 Cape. Whether the fault were in the 
 Chans laying down the Cape too much to 
 the Eaft from Brazil, or were rather iQ 
 our Reckoning, I could not tell: But our 
 Reckonings are liable to fuch Uncertain- 
 ties from Steerage, Log, Currents, Half- 
 Minute- 
 
 putec 
 indee 
 befide 
 
 its Gla 
 traordi 
 
 never 
 Ano 
 was the 
 the laft 
 7 deg. 
 
)pc near. 
 
 Cape of 
 . 58min. 
 27 rain, 
 being in 
 he firft of 
 Lw a large 
 : Bill, fly 
 t, bccAufe 
 ilot-book, 
 Fowls, as 
 t Bills and 
 above 30 
 3ok'd on as 
 My Reck- 
 felf above 
 •ding to the 
 in the com- 
 as in fome 
 the right 
 jgoner ^ or 
 t fly farther 
 *d ^ or whc- 
 )t be nearer 
 ftobe^for 
 as not then 
 )ft from the 
 VGXC in the 
 00 much to 
 re rather ia 
 :11 : But our 
 Uncertain- 
 rents, Half- 
 Minute- 
 
 Errors in Ships ReckoningSi pp 
 
 Minute-Glafles 5 and fometitnes want of ^^^J;J^ 
 Care, ^s in fo long a Run caufe often a 
 difference of many Leagues in the whole 
 Account. ^ 
 
 Moft of my Men that kept Journals im- 
 puted it to the Half-Minute-Glafles; and 
 indeed we had not a good Glafs in the Ship 
 befide the Half- watch or Two-Hour-Glaf- ♦ 
 
 fes. As for our Half-Minute-Glafles we 
 tried them all at feveral times, and we 
 found thofe that we had ufed from Brazil 
 as much too ftiort, as others we had ufed 
 before were too long: Which might well 
 make grear Errors in thofe feveral Reck- 
 onings. A Ship ought therefore to havt 
 its Glafles very exaft:; and befldes, an ex- 
 traordinary care ought to be ufed in hea- 
 ving the Log, for fear of giving too much 
 Stray- Line in a moderate Gale 5 and alfo to 
 ftop quickly in. a brisk Gale, ^or when a 
 Ship runs 8, 9 or 10 Knots, half a Knot 
 or a Knot is foon rmi out, and not heeded : 
 But to prevent danger, when a Man thinks 
 himfelf near Land, thebeft way is to look 
 out betimes, and lye by in the Night, for 
 a Commander may err eafily himfelf^ be* 
 lide the Errors of thofe under him, tho' 
 never fo carefully eyed. • 
 
 Another thing that (tumbled me here 
 wz$ the VdrUtion, which, at this time, by 
 the laft Amplitude I had I found to be but 
 7 dcg. 58 min> W. whereas th^ Variation 
 
 H 7 zt 
 
 / 
 
% 
 
 loo Difftcithies in taking the Variation. 
 
 Aih 169.9. at the Cape (from which I found my felf 
 ^ ^ not go Leagues diftant) was then compu- 
 ted, and truly, about 11 deg. or more : 
 * And yet a while after this, when I was got 
 10 Leagues to the Eaftward of the Cape^ I 
 found the Variation but 10 deg. 40 min. 
 W. whereas it (hould have been rather more 
 than at the Cape. Thefe Things, I Qon- 
 fefs, did puzzle me: Neither was I fully 
 fatisfied as to the Exaftnefs of the taking 
 the Variation at Sea : For in a great Sea, 
 which we often meet with, the Compafs 
 will traverfe with the motion of theShip^ 
 befides the Ship may and wil 1 deviate fome- 
 what in fteering, even by the beft Helmf- 
 nien : And then when you come to take an 
 Azimuth^ there is often forae difference be- 
 tween him that looks at the Compafs, and 
 the Man that takes the Altitude heighth 
 of the Sun 5 and a fmail Error in each, if 
 the Error of both fliould be one way, will 
 make it wide of any great Exaftnefs. But 
 what was moft (hocking to me, I found 
 that the Varjation did not always increafe 
 or decreafe in proportion to the degrees of 
 Longitude Eaft or Weft 5 as I had a No- 
 tion they might do to a certain Number of 
 Degrees of Variation Eaft or Weft, at 
 iuch or fuch particular Meridians. But 
 finding in this Voyage that the Difference 
 of Variation did not bear a regular pro- 
 £ortion to the difference of Longitude, I 
 '' wasi 
 
 Capt. 
 
 was mi 
 a Sche 
 wherei 
 ations 
 theEc] 
 Variat] 
 Line, 1 
 alfo wl 
 on eacl 
 is fo la 
 wards ( 
 Irreguh 
 ation tc 
 as towa 
 Syftem 
 which ^ 
 vigatioJ 
 ingenio 
 his prol 
 kinds, 
 ally Pe] 
 oblige 
 of thee 
 hithertc 
 fefs my 
 thing 
 Matter 
 the Hifl 
 ufe tow 
 Theory 
 fert a 7 
 beyond 
 
■4. 
 
 » 
 
 1 
 
 Capt. Halley V Scheme of the Variat. i o t 
 
 was much pleased to fee it thus, obferv'd in "^^ 
 a Scheme (hewn me after my Return home , 
 wherein are reprefented the fsveral Vari- 
 ations in the AtUrrtkk Sea, on both fides 
 the Equator 5 and there, the Line of no * 
 
 Variation in that Sea is not a Meridian 
 Line, but goes very oblique, as do thofe 
 alfo which (he vV the increale of Variation 
 on each fide of it. In that Draught there 
 is fo large an Advance made as well to- 
 wards the Accounting for thofe feemingly 
 Irregular Increafes and Decreafes of Vari- 
 ation towards the S, E. Co^Oioi America^ 
 as towards the fi'xing a general Scheme or 
 Syftem of the Variation every where, 
 which would be of fuch great ufe in Na* 
 vigation, that I cannot but hope that the 
 ingenious Author, Capt. Halky, who to 
 his profound Skill in all Theories of thefe 
 kinds, hath added and is adding continu- 
 ally Perfonal Experiments, will e'er long 
 oblige the World with a fuller Difcovery 
 of the courfe of theVariation, which hath 
 hitherto becna Secret. For my part I pro- 
 fefs my felf unquaViQedfor pftbrir.gat any 
 thing of a General Scheme 5 but fince 
 Matter of Faft,, and whatever increafes 
 the Hiftory of the Variation, may be of 
 ufe towards the fettling or confirming the 
 Theory of it, 1 fliall here once for all in- 
 fert a Table of all the Variatiofis I obferv'd 
 beyond the Equator in this Voyage^ both 
 
 ' H 5 iu 
 
* 
 
 102 Variations obfer^'d in this Voyage. 
 
 4n, 1^99' iti going out, and returning back 5 and 
 ^"^^^"^^^^ what Errors there may be in it, I (hall 
 
 leave to be corre&ed by the Obfervations 
 
 of others, 
 
 A Table of Variations. 
 
 a W. from St, J ago. 
 
 *)£. fromC; Salvador iuBra^iL 
 
 June 
 
: iy and 
 
 I (hall 
 
 vations 
 
 A TdWe ^ Variations. 
 D. M.|D. M 
 
 ^Hm 
 
 Jfij^ 
 
 535 800 25 
 
 6i6 7 
 836 17 
 
 935 59 
 1235 «o 
 1435 5 
 1534 51 
 
 3 6 
 10 3 
 
 12 O 
 20 18 
 26 13 
 
 39 24 
 
 M. 
 
 40W 
 
 »7:34 373^ 8 
 
 1934 »7|39 24 
 2o'34 15,42 25 
 2233 34;4S 41 
 
 2535 ^45 28 
 ■i%36 4049 33 
 2936 41 
 3036 I 
 
 135 3 
 
 433 3 
 (531 3( 
 
 73* 45 
 
 1032 3 
 
 1133 
 1331 I 
 
 1539 
 
 18 
 23 
 
 i6 
 
 28 I, 
 
 26 43 
 
 }4|26 38 
 25 
 
 16 I, 
 25 36 
 
 c E. from C. C. *?'• 
 
 ?«»« 
 
 C 4 
 
 10 
 
 15 CO 
 
 19 38 
 21 35 
 
 33 50 
 
 25 55 
 
 24 54 
 
 25 i9 
 24 J 
 
 32 15 
 
 24 30 
 
 22 50 
 
 10 
 
 An. tiff. 
 
 1699. |S. Lad Longif. Variat. '-''^^^ 
 
 D55 12 
 556 22 
 
 22 44 
 
 2i 4a 
 
 5 58 44 
 
 19 45 . 
 
 266 22 
 
 16 40 
 
 d69 ?4. 
 
 12 20 
 
 >69 00 
 
 12 2 
 
 -^70 21 
 
 13 3* 
 
 t.72 00 
 
 12 29 
 
 ^74 45 
 
 10 
 
 >7S 25 
 
 10 28 
 
 578 29 
 
 9 51 
 
 J 84 19 
 
 9 11 
 
 f85 20 
 
 8 9 
 
 ^85 52 
 
 8 40 
 
 ^86 21 
 
 8 20 
 
 J^lj 
 
» 
 
 104 
 
 An. i«99. 
 
 A't*ble of Variatians. 
 
 1699. 
 
 j»h 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Sfpt. 
 
 Dec, 
 
 700. jf 
 
 M 
 
 27 
 29 
 
 5 
 
 15 
 
 17 
 20 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 27 
 28 
 
 D. M.D. M.iD. M, 
 
 S. Lat. Longit. 'Jar iat. 
 
 26 4386 16 
 
 37 3887 95 
 a6 5488 I 
 
 25 30 
 
 24 41 
 
 25 200 22 
 
 86 
 '86 
 
 Feb. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 Api 
 
 10 
 II 
 
 29 
 
 3 
 
 13 
 
 16 
 
 21 
 
 23 
 
 27 
 10 
 
 »3 
 30 
 
 u 
 
 19 37 
 
 19 52 
 
 19 45 
 19 24 
 
 18 38 
 17 16 
 l6 9 
 15 37 
 13 55 
 
 13 12 
 
 5 I 
 
 I 33 
 
 o 9 
 
 O 12 
 O 12 
 
 o 43 
 
 2 43 
 
 5 10 
 
 5 15 
 
 3 32 
 
 3 00 
 
 4 41 
 
 5 10 
 
 6 n 
 
 6 57 
 9 la 
 
 8 57 
 
 9 34 
 
 10 55 
 
 11 43 
 
 6 34* 
 
 6 53 
 
 2 48/ 
 
 7 31 
 15 23 
 
 18 00 
 
 19 41 
 00 5^ 
 
 5 3500 44 A 
 
 7 oW 
 
 8 ao 
 
 9 
 
 7 24 
 
 6 6 
 
 7 6 
 
 7 CO 
 
 7 7 
 
 6 4® 
 
 5 18 
 
 6 12 
 
 4 3 
 
 2 7 
 
 2 20 
 
 I 47 
 
 « 47 
 
 6 4 
 8 25 
 
 48 
 
 4 o 
 ($ 26 
 
 84s 
 
 845 
 
 9 50 
 
 I o 
 
 9 o 
 8 25W 
 
 7 16. 
 
 i/ E. from Sharlis. Bay in M NoUatd* 
 
 e E, from Babao-Bay in J. 77/wor. 
 
 / E. from C. Mabo in ^. Guinea, 
 
 i E. From C. 5^ (Jeo^^e on I. JV. Brifannta. 
 
 b W. from <//^^£>. 
 
 ^/riV 
 
4 Table ef 
 
 — *Hi 
 
 ' Variations. 
 
 D. M. 
 
 D. M. 
 
 D. M. 
 
 1700. 
 
 S, Lat. 
 
 Longit. 
 
 Variat. 
 
 April 
 
 22 
 
 1 32 
 
 00 37 i 
 
 3 coW 
 
 Mny 
 
 I 
 
 3 00 
 
 k 
 
 2 15E 
 
 
 24 
 
 9 $9 
 
 06 25 / 
 
 15W 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 27 
 
 14 33 
 
 3 30 
 
 I 25 
 
 June 
 
 2 
 
 19 44 
 
 8 7 
 
 5 38 
 
 
 3 
 
 19 51 
 
 9 58 
 
 6 10 
 
 
 4 
 
 19 46 
 
 II 6 
 
 6 20 
 
 ■ 
 
 5 
 
 20 CO 
 
 12 22 
 
 458 
 
 
 • 6 
 
 20 00 
 
 14 17 
 
 7 20 
 
 
 9 
 
 19 59 
 
 i6 oi 
 
 6 32 
 
 
 II 
 
 9 57 
 
 17 42 
 
 8 I 
 
 
 12 
 
 19 48 
 
 19 
 
 6 
 
 Nov, 
 
 7 
 
 21 i6 
 
 f» 
 
 9 
 
 
 14 
 
 27 I 
 
 35 35 
 
 16 50 
 
 
 IS 
 
 27 lO 
 
 36 34 
 
 18 57 
 
 
 16 
 
 27 II 
 
 37 54 
 
 17 24 
 
 • 
 
 19 
 
 38 14 
 
 41 40 
 
 19 39 
 
 * 
 
 21 
 
 29 24 
 
 44 47 
 
 20 50 
 
 • 
 
 23 
 
 29 42 
 
 47 34 
 
 21 38 
 
 
 24 
 
 30 16 
 
 49 26 
 
 26 CO 
 
 
 25 
 
 30 40 
 
 51 24 
 
 22 38 
 
 
 27 
 
 31 51 
 
 5S 5 
 
 22 40 
 
 
 29 
 
 32 55 
 
 $6 28 
 
 27 10 
 
 t 
 
 30 
 
 31 55 
 
 57 25 
 
 27 10 
 
 Dec. 
 
 I 
 
 31 57 
 
 58 17 
 
 24 30 
 
 
 2 
 
 31 5759 33 
 
 27 57 
 
 
 4 
 
 32 3,61 45 
 
 24 50 
 
 i W. from C. Maba. 
 
 
 li At Anchor- off I. Ceram, 
 
 
 I W. from Babao-Br/, 
 
 
 m W. from 
 
 fri 
 
 inces Ifle I 
 
 )v 7avii-}leic 
 
 !. \ 
 
 105 
 
 An. 1^99. 
 
 Afrit 
 
 D 
 
 'Ci.. 
 
♦- * 
 
 io6 
 
 An. 169^ 
 
 A Tdble of Variations. 
 
 1700. 
 
 Dec, 
 
 J701J 
 
 4H. 
 
 D. M. 
 
 S. Lat 
 
 632 15 
 
 737 28 
 
 833 49 
 932 49 
 
 II 32 50 
 
 1331 55 
 1431 35 
 
 1532 21 
 
 1733 5 
 1833 o 
 
 2134 39 
 2234 3d 
 2334 21 
 25 34 38 
 1531 25 
 1630 5 
 
 17^8 ^6 
 1827 26 
 1926 II 
 
 2025 00 
 
 91 23 42 
 2222 51 
 2321 48 
 2421 24 
 
 619 57 
 2719 10 
 
 2818 13 
 
 29I17 22 
 
 D. M 
 L ongit. 
 
 66 00 
 68 36 
 «4 38 
 
 70 09 
 
 71 45 
 
 72 32 
 
 73 39 
 75 22 
 
 79 39 
 
 80 39 
 
 82 46 
 
 83 19- 
 
 83 42 
 
 84 21 
 
 2 ^2» 
 
 4 42 
 <$ 8 
 
 7 32 
 
 9 9 
 JO 49 
 
 12 34 
 
 14 10 
 
 15 17 
 
 15 51 
 
 16 48 
 
 17 22 
 
 18 23 
 
 19 29 
 
 D. M. 
 Variat. 
 
 23 30W 
 24. 48 
 21 53 
 
 24 00 
 21 15 
 20 16 
 20 00 
 20 00 
 i8 42 
 
 17 15 
 
 16 41 
 
 14 36 
 14 00 
 14 00 
 10 20 
 
 9 36 
 8 25 
 
 7 40 
 7 30 
 7 9 
 5 55 
 5 5« 
 5 32 
 4 $6 
 4 20 
 
 3 24 
 
 4 00 
 2 00 
 
 ff W. from the M/rUnd wC <?. /ft^. 
 
 ^»' 
 
 M 
 
• 
 
 VI. 
 
 t. 
 
 A iLahU of Variations. 
 
 D. M.ID. M 'D. M. 
 
 1 701. S. Lat.| Longit. Variat. 
 
 T^. 
 
 \6\i 52 
 
 1711 55 
 1811 17 
 
 1910 22 
 
 1^0 
 
 4 42 
 
 5 30 
 
 6 32 
 
 I 50W 
 I 10 
 
 20 
 
 1 10 
 
 2 1 We made the I. Afcention. 
 
 107 
 
 An. 1699, 
 
 W. from Suntu Helena, 
 
 * 
 
 T»— • 
 
 But 
 
 M 
 
I oS Meeting the Antelope of London, 
 
 An. 1699- But to return from this Digreflion ; 
 
 ^■^^^""^^^ Having fair Weather, and the Winds hang- 
 ing Southerly, I jog'd on to the Eaftward, 
 to make the Cape, On the third of Jnfte 
 we faw a Sail to Leeward of us, (hewing 
 ErtjiliJI) Colours. 1 bore away to fpeak 
 with her, and found her to be the J^/telope 
 of London^ comuunded by Captain Ham- 
 Tiiand^ and bound for the Bay of Bengal in 
 the Service of the New-Eaft-Jnclia Compa- 
 ny. There were many Paffengers aboard, 
 going to fettle there under Sir Edward Lit- 
 tktorr^ who was going chief thither : I 
 went aboard, and was known by Sir Ed" 
 ward and Mr. Hedges^ and kindly received 
 
 ^ and treated by them and the Commnnder ; 
 
 who had been afraid of us before, tho* £ 
 had fent one of my Officers aboard. They 
 had been in at the Cape, and came from 
 thence the Day before, having ftock'd 
 themfelves with Refrefliments. They told 
 me that they were by Reckoning, 60 
 Miles to the Weft of the Cape, While I was 
 aboard them, a fine fmall Wefterly Wind 
 fprang up 5 therefore I fhortned my ftay 
 with them, becaufe I did not defign to go 
 
 ^ into the Cape. When I took leave I was 
 
 prefented with half a Mutton, 1 2 Cabba- 
 ges, 1 2 Pumkins, 6 Pound of Butter, 6 
 Couple of Stock-fifli, and a quantity of 
 Parfnips 5 fending them fome Oatmeal, 
 which they wanted. 
 
 Frona 
 
The A. pajfes the G. oi G. Hope. 169 
 
 Frommyfirft fctiingout ixom EftgUftd^^^- '^99: 
 I did notdcfign to touch at the C<?pe^ 9aA ^■^^'^'^^ 
 that was one Reafon why I touch'd at Bra- 
 zil, that there I might refrefh my M(;n, 
 and prepare them for a long Run to Mw 
 Hollaffd, We had not yet feen the Land 5 
 but about 2 in the Afternoon we faw the "^ 
 
 Cape-hMiA bearing Eaft, at above 16 
 Leagues diftance : And Captain Hawwoptd 
 being alfo bound to double the Cape^ we 
 Jog*d on together this Afternoon and the 
 next Day, and had feveral fair Sights of 
 it 5 which maybe feen [Table Ilf. No. 6, 
 7,8.] 
 
 To proceed : Having ftill a Wefterly 
 Wind, I jog'd on in company with the 
 Antelope, till Sunday June the 4th at 4 in 
 the Afternoon, when we parted 5 they 
 fteering away for the Eajt-lndies, and I 
 keeping an E. S. E. courfe, the better to 
 make my way for New Holland: Fortho* 
 Neno Holland liesNorth-Eafttrly from the 
 Cape, yet all Ships bound towards that 
 Coaft, or the Streights of Sunday ought to 
 keep for a while in the fame Parallel, or in 
 a Lat. between 5 5 and 40. at lead a little t6 
 the S. of the Eaft. that they may continue 
 in a variable Winds way 5 and not venture 
 too foon to ftand fo far to the North, as to 
 be within the Verge of the Trade- Wind, 
 which will put them by their Eaftcrly 
 . Courfe. TheWindincreafcdupon US5 but 
 
 we 
 
1 1 o Colour d Clouds boding a Storm. 
 
 An. ^^99. we had yet fight of the Antelope^ and of the 
 '-^^^^"^ Land too, till Tuefday the 6th of Jnne : 
 And then we faw alfo by us an innumer- 
 able Company of Fowls of divers forts 5 
 fo that we looked about to fee if there were 
 not another dead Whale, but faw none. 
 
 The Night before, the Sun fct in a black 
 Cloud, which appeared juft like Land ; and 
 the Clouds above it were gilded of a dark 
 red Colour. And on the Tuefday^ as the Sun 
 drew near the Horizon, the Clouds were 
 gilded very prettily to the Eye, tho' at the 
 fame time my Mind dreaded the Confe- 
 quenccs of it. When the Sun was now 
 Jiot above 2 deg. high,it entered into a dark 
 Smoaky-coloured Cloud that lay parallel 
 * with the Horizon, from whence prefently 
 feem'd to iffue many dusky blackifti Beams. 
 The Sky was at this time covered with 
 fmall hard Clouds (as we call fuch as lye 
 fcattering about, not likely to Rain) very 
 thick one by another 5 and fuch of them 
 as lay next to the Bank of Clouds at the 
 Horizon, were of a pure Gold colour to 9 
 or 4 deg. high above the Bank : From thefc 
 to about I o deg. high they were redder, 
 and very bright ^ above them they were ot a 
 darker Colour ftill, to about 6c or 70 deg. 
 high ^ where the Clouds began to be of their 
 eommon Colour. I took the more particu* 
 lar Notice of all this, becaufe I have gene- 
 rally obferved fuch coloured Clowds to apr 
 
 pear 
 
A Storm. 
 
 Ill 
 
 pear before an approaching Storm : And ^^Vi^* 
 this being Winter here, and the time for ^"^^^^ 
 bad Weather, I expeftcd and provided for 
 a violent blaft of Wind ,by riffing our Top- 
 rails,and giving a ftrift charge to my Of- 
 ficers to hand them or take them in, if 
 the Wind (hould grow ftronger. The * 
 Wind was now at W. N. W. a very brisk 
 Gale. About 12 a Clock at Night we had 
 a pale whitifti Glare in the N. W. which 
 was another Sign, and intimated the Storm 
 to be near at hand 5 and the Wind increafing 
 iippn it, we prefently handed our Top-fails, 
 furled the Main-fail, and went away only 
 with our Fore-fail. Before 2 in the Morn- 
 ing it came on very fierce, and wc kept 
 right before V^ ind and Sea, the Wind ftill 
 encreafing: But the Ship was very govern- 
 able, and fteer'd incomparably well At 
 8 jn the Morning we fettled our Fore-yard, 
 lowering it 4 or 5 Foot, and we ran very 
 fwiftly ^ efpecially when the Squals of Rain 
 or Hail, from a black Cloud, came over 
 Head, for then it blew exceffive hard, 
 Thefe, rho* they did not laft long, yet came 
 very thick and faft one after another. The 
 Sea alfo ran very high 5 But we running fo 
 violently before Wind and Sea, we Ship'd 
 little or no Water 5 tho' a little wa(h*d into 
 our upper Deck- Ports ^ and with it a 
 Scuttle or Cuttle-Fifti was caft upon the 
 Carriage of a Gun. 
 
 The 
 
 "4 
 
# 
 
 til Seafon of Wcjierly Winds here. 
 
 An, 169c. The Wind blew extraordinary hard all 
 ^Y^ IVcdnefday, the 7th of June, but abated of 
 its fiercenefs before Night: Yet it continu- 
 ed a brisk Gale till about the 1 6th, and (till 
 a moderate one til 1 the 1 9th Day 5 by which 
 time we had run about 600 Leagues: For 
 the mod: part of which time the Wind was 
 in fome point of the Weft, vi%, from the 
 W. N. W. to the S. by W. It blew hard- 
 eft when at W. or between the W. and S. 
 W, but after it veered more Southerly the 
 foul Weather broke up : This I obferved 
 at other times alfo in thefe Seas, that when 
 the Storms at'Weft veered to the South- 
 ward they grew lefs ^ and that when the 
 Wind cadie to the E. of the S. we had 
 ftill fmaller Gales, Calms, and fair Wea- 
 ther. As for the Wefterly Winds on that 
 fide the Cape^ we like them never the worfe 
 f:«r being violent, for they drive us the 
 fafter in the E iftward 5 and are therefore 
 the only Winds coveted by thofe who Sail 
 towards fuch parts of the Eajllndies^ as 
 lye South of the Equator 5 as Timor ^ Java, 
 and Sumatra 'j and by the Ships bound for 
 Ciifta^ or any other that are topafs through 
 the Streigh ts of Supidy, Thofe Ships having 
 once paft the Cape^ keep commonly pretty 
 far Southerly,on purpofe to meet with thefe 
 Weft-winds, which in the Winter Seafod 
 of thefe Climates they foon meet with 5 for 
 then the Winds are generally Wefterly at 
 
 the 
 
 Wind 
 
 the Capt 
 of it: B 
 get to tl 
 e're thej 
 was not 
 26 deg. 
 ^Norther 
 . Winds i 
 long run 
 cording 
 to the E 
 a little t 
 matter;^ 
 from the 
 ly or Soi 
 the Ship 
 way moi 
 a Wind, 
 The I 
 deg. 1 7 1 
 
 59 deg. 
 and Cain 
 
 E. 
 
 and c 
 
 till the 2 
 fome tim 
 aad then 
 ed in the 
 W. and ! 
 whicn til 
 Winds ci 
 
 reckonin; 
 U00L.E 
 
 ftirWeal 
 
I 
 
 Winds and Courfe tor^ards New H. 115 
 
 the Cape^ andefpecially to the Southward ^n^' 199- 
 of it: But in their Summer Months they "^^"^ ^ 
 get to the Southward of 40 deg. ufually 
 e're they meet with the Wefterly Winds. I 
 was not at this time in a higher Lat. than 
 36 deg. 4© min. and oftentimes was more 
 Northerly, altering my Latitude often as 
 Winds and Weather required ^ forinfuch 
 long runs 'tis beft to ftiapc ones courfe ac« 
 cording to the Winds. And if in fleering 
 to the Eaft, we fliould be obliged to bear 
 a little to the N. or S. of it, 'tis no great 
 matter^ for 'tis but Sailing 2 or 3 Points 
 from the Wind, when 'tis either Norther- 
 ly or Southerly^ and this not only eafetH 
 the Ship from ftraining, but (hortens the 
 way more than if a Ship was kept clofe oil 
 a Wind, as fome Men are fond of doing. 
 
 The 19th of Jn^e we were in Lat. 34; 
 deg. 1 7 rain. S. and Long, from the Cape 
 39 deg. Q4min. E. and had fmall Gales 
 and Calms. The Winds were at N. E. by 
 E. and continued in' fome part of the E. 
 till the 27th Day. When it having beeri 
 fome time at N. N. E. it came about at N. 
 and then to the W. of the N. and continu- 
 ed in the Wefl-board (between the N. N; 
 W, and S. S. W.) till the 4th of jf»/> 5 in 
 whicn time we ran 782 Miles 5 then the 
 Winds came jabout again to the Eaft, we 
 reckoning . our felves to be in a Meridian 
 uoo L. E^aftof that of the Cape 5 andhaving 
 ftir Weather founded, but had no Ground. 
 
 I We 
 
t][4 
 
 An. i6s9 
 
 Signs of being near Land. 
 
 We met with little of Remark in this 
 Voyage, befides being accompanied with 
 Fowls all the way, efpecially Pintado- 
 Birds, and feeing now and then a Whale : 
 But as we drew nigher the Coaft of New- 
 HoSaffd, we faw frequently 3 or 4 Whales 
 together. When we were about ninety 
 Leagues from the Land we began to fee 
 Sea- weeds, all of one fort 5 and as we drew 
 nigher the Shore we faw them more fre- 
 quently. At about 30 Leagues didance we 
 began to fee fome Scuttle-bones floating on 
 the Water 5 and drawing (till nigher the 
 Land we faw greater quantities of them. 
 
 JhIj 25. being in Lat. 26 deg. 14 min. 
 S. and Longitude E. from the C. of Good 
 Hope 85 deg. 52 min. we faw a large Gar- 
 fifh leap 4 times by us, which feemed to 
 be as big as a Porpofe. It was now very 
 fair weather, and the Sea was full of a fort 
 of very fmall Grafs or Mofs, which as it 
 floated in the Water feem'd to have been 
 fome Spawn of Fifh 3 and there was among 
 it fome fmall Fry. The next day the Sea 
 was full of fmall round things like Pearl, 
 fome as big as white Peas 5 they were very 
 clear and tranfparent, and upon cruftiing 
 any of them a drop of water would come 
 forth : The Skin that contain'd the water 
 was fo thin thatitwasbut juftdifcernable. 
 Some Weeds fwam by us, fo that we di(I| 
 not doubt but we (hould quickly fee Land. 
 
 ■'•'••■ On 
 
 On the 
 
 us^ and 
 
 ps all t 
 
 left us. 
 
 On the 
 
 by us, J 
 
 the 291 
 
 with mt 
 
 lenrRai 
 
 vening i 
 
 Scuttle-l 
 
 young N 
 
 their Dc 
 
 fome Bo 
 
 about 8 
 
 not mud 
 
 raen call 
 
 The 3 
 
 Land, w( 
 
 and &a-\ 
 
 not far fi 
 
 Fowls the 
 
 the whole 
 
 ving noN^ 
 
 i-apwingj 
 
 their Ey 
 
 Swallows 
 Wings ill 
 we met w 
 ret^, or t 
 
( 
 
 On the 27th alfo, fome Weeds fwam by ^"i^j^ 
 iiSj and the Birds that had flown along with ^^OT^ 
 ps ail the way almoft from Brazil^ now 
 left us, except only 2 or 3 Shear- waters. 
 On the 28th we faw many Weeds fwim 
 by us, apd fome Whales,^ blowing. On 
 the 29tli wc had dark cloudy Weather, 
 with much Thunder, Lightning, and vio- 
 lent Rains in the Morning:' But in the E- 
 vening it grew fair. We faw this Day a 
 Scuttle-bone fwim by us, and fome of our 
 young Men a Seal, as it (hould feem by 
 their Defcription of its Head. I faw alfo 
 fome Boneta's, and fome Skip jacks, aFifh 
 about 8 Inches long, broad and fizablc, 
 not much unlike a Roach 5 which our Sea- 
 men call fo from their leaping about. 
 
 The 3 oth oi July^ being ftill nearer the 
 Land, we faw abundance of Scuttle-bones 
 and Slea-weed, more Tokens that we were 
 not far from it 5 and faw alfo a fort of 
 Fowls the like of which wc had not feen in 
 the whole Voyage, all the other Fowls ha- 
 ving now left us. Thefc were as big as 
 Lapwings^ of a grey Colour, black about 
 their Eyes, with red (harp BiUs, long 
 Wings, Tbeir Tails long and forked like 
 Swallows 5 and they flew flapping tfieir 
 Wings like Lapwings. Jn the Afternoon^ 
 we met with a Ripling like a Tide or Cur- 
 rent, or the Water of fome Shole or OveN 
 fallj:i^wt>vicfj^f ^itbeforewecouldf^ 
 , . I 2 The 
 
 t 
 
itS hhrohlo'Shoal ittk l^. Holland. 
 
 An. i^99.lrhe Birds laft ^mendon'd and this Were 
 
 ^^"^'^ further ^igtis^df /Larid, Iti tlie^tveiiifig 
 
 we had ftir WeaiAibr,*atid a fmall dale;at 
 
 Weft. At 8 a Clbfk we foaildcd again^^ 
 
 blit had no'C^ouiid. *. 
 
 We kept on ftiU to the |;Sft#Srd, Vf\ih 
 
 an eafy Sail, looking olit torp : For by 
 
 the many Signs we had, I did expcftthat 
 
 we were near the Land At 1 2 a Clbck 
 
 in the Night I founded, and had 45 Pi- 
 
 itiorti, conrfe Sand and frtiall white Shells. 
 
 I prefently clapt on a Wind atd ftood to 
 
 the South, with the Wind at W. becaufe 
 
 1 ihought \^e were to' theSbiith of a Shoal 
 
 cai!*d the Ahrohtes (an Appellative Istahie 
 
 for Shoals, as it feeiils to tn^)' Which in a 
 
 Draught I had bf that Cbkft Is lay'd down 
 
 in 27 deg. 28 min. Lat. ftrfetehing about 
 
 7 Leagues into the Sea. 1 Was the Day 
 
 before in 27 dee. 58 min. by^Uecfconing. 
 
 And after wkrdsTObring E^.by S. piurj^ofely 
 
 to avbid it, ithoiight Irailft havebceiito 
 
 the South ofit: Blit foWdiiig kgain, at 
 
 One a Cloctk in theMornitig, 'Ang^l theiirft, 
 
 webad but 25 Fa'thbtn ■ Cotlal Rocks jind 
 
 fo foundthp Shbkl Was tb the Sotith of tis. 
 
 We prefentlf hcky igain, and ftoddtothe 
 
 . North, and ttidn foon deepncd bqr 
 
 Water 3 foi^ at t'wo in the'>4brriing wc Wd 
 
 2$ Fathoto Coral ftill : Xt three wd had 
 
 ;ii$ Cdk^l'grbuhd t /\t x Wie had 36 f a- 
 
 • tjibm, courfe Sand, with fofiii: Goiral : At 
 
 S we 
 
Is Wir^ 
 
 dale ^ J 
 I agaiti '^ 
 
 d, wRh 
 
 For by 
 
 peftthat 
 
 a Clbck 
 
 teShells. 
 ftood to 
 , becaufe 
 >f a Shoal 
 ve Nahie 
 hich in a 
 y'd down 
 ng about 
 5 the Day 
 ecfconing. 
 piurj^offciy 
 irebceiito 
 ^gain, at 
 ;. the firft, 
 ockS|ind 
 )Uth of t!S. 
 
 oddtothe 
 pncd 6\\t 
 ngwcWd 
 ee we had 
 id 36 pa- 
 Golpal: Atl 
 
 S ^® 
 
 o 
 
Cta-Ue JV. 
 
 ^"crvr Moltaxid 
 
 :P. u 
 
 :>r.'i 
 
 N, Holla jnd, -finom Tup -nuL/i h^ad tny Zat.xy Xt.jeJX. S. at ■A4A 3*arau, 
 
 
 'K^HoUauaLa, -tht-Jtartd, C'&njh ^rom. 8 X, . JjA : Lai: : zy J>, zSJi.i 
 
 lHU,,,l<.l,,tl^hJ,MlilYfMklllll,Hl,IHL,Milll.llu,, i,.,.l,'il,.^.;ll,.,l'll,l,l,ilVi)iL^ 
 
 ISiSUiilaxjA^ at /'X.dtfi-.in.Xr-at: z0~4t6'iS. 
 ^i;W: -^ '^ ^ S.X.h.S 
 
 „/„//t(„////;;.,///./, ,1/,//,., /////////•,. 
 
 .:.^,0i*i^p'»i:jmm''r&f. 
 
 ^.''^ 
 
 ^*^^. 
 
 ^.:;r.js.±X. 
 
 IS, Holland ^a.t $ J,. M/h : in, Ira,t : z ^^JJ' S, 
 
 '■rrr.^ 
 
 ^°J- 'S.lloilaLM.^,fvmZttt:z^-Ja . 8 X . /rem y whiu Q£ilU 
 
 ^.^SKhKk. 
 
 M'.'iY'' '■■■ ■ tmf"'^'''-^^ tmtttttiMi^t 
 
 ^- iO , ithtLS ShtuMthy JiT^ad and J*, ^ofy cA^r JEft .ymaktst ■■ 
 
 -to y J^.warddt^.'Jront^ :f£€a,eLj'X . mu ^ '"' * 1 
 
 :twa :Black.XLacks 
 

 ^''-l^f-.-f ''tlMt^f^ffH^ 
 
 5 we had 45 FathQm, cqirfcr Sand and An, 1699. 
 Shellsv ^n&i(iV, pis; k^e.Sh^ as ap- ^-^VS) 
 
 y ir^ left t^e Cdni By all riiif I knew we had 
 filfen, into tfie ^t^ of' tjp '^s|^^ a;^d 
 that it was la^id down Wfibng m my Sea- 
 C%2iXX : Fpr' r fc^undk l;^e hi abpiit 2 7 4eg. 
 La,t. s^nd bjj^J p^^^ th^ next day, I^ 
 
 foipd that tfe^ Q^ut war^-e(Jge of it, which; 
 I rounded oh. ;liies t6iLea sues off Shore* 
 VVhe^ it v^asday we fte^rbd in E. N. E. 
 \j{^ith 9^k^&hmkp3i]e;^ bdt i^jdnptfee tlid 
 
 La^d til) .9 jn, the ^P^^^^^'P?' when we 
 fa\y it itqni our Topmaft-h^ and wei;e 
 diftant from it j^btj| ip Leagu having 
 then 40 Fathprn-watcr, km clean Sand. 
 About 2 Hours after wq raw it on our 
 Quarter- Deck^ b^jipg W Jpi^g^P^^^t at)putf 
 6 ILcagijes oflf^ and we had tliem 40 Fa^ 
 thpm, clcran S'^nd. As we ran in, this 
 day and the next, we took feveral Sights 
 ofit,, at 4iffe»'e4t Bearings ^nd Diftances^ 
 from which it appeared as you fee in [Ta- 
 hie IV. N% I, 2, 3, 4, 5.] And here I 
 would Note qnce fof^lU That the Lati- 
 tqdcrs mark*d in the Draughts, or Sights 
 here givep, are npt the Latitude of the 
 tand, but pf the Ship when the Sight was 
 tak^^n. This Mpri^ing, AngHft the firft, 
 ?s we" were ftanding in we faw feveral 
 large ^Sea-fowls, like our Gannets on the 
 Cpaft of EpgUndy flying three or four to- 
 
 I 3 gether^ 
 
 
fi'% N. HoUana in tdi^^6^^' ^ 
 
 4f». i^9yfgether J* arid 4 (pft of white Sea-Mews, 
 y^^ but black about the Eyes,' arlcj wifh forked 
 Tails. VVe ftrqyc to run in near the Shore 
 to feek for a flkrbour to refrefh us after 
 bur tedious Voyage 5 having made one 
 continued ftretch from Brnzil hither of a- 
 bout 114 deg. defigning from hence al- 
 fo to begin the Difcovery I had a mind to 
 make on N. Hottand and ^. Guinea. The. 
 Land was low, and appeared even, and as 
 we drew nearer to it, it made (as you fee 
 in Table IV. N°. 3, 4, 5.) with fome red 
 and fome white Clifts 5 thefe lafl: in Lat. 
 26. 10 S. where you will find 54 Fathom, 
 within four Miles of the Shore. . _;.^ 
 About the Lat. of 16 deg. S. we faw 
 an Opening, and ran in, hopirigtofinda 
 Harbour there : But when we came to its 
 Mouth, which was about two Leagiies 
 wide, we faw Rocks and foul Ground 
 within, and therefore flood out again : 
 • There we had 20 Fathom-water within 
 
 two mile of the Shore* The Land every 
 where appeared pretty low, flat and even 3 
 but with fteep Cliffs to the Sea 5 and when 
 we came near it there were no Trees, 
 Shrubs or Grafs to be feen. The Sound- 
 ings in the Lat. of 26 deg. S. from about 
 8 or 9 Leagues off till you cqme within a 
 League of th^ Shore, are generally about 
 40 Fathom 5 differing but little, feldom 
 Above three or four Fathom. But the 
 ^^ Lead 
 
si 
 
 r n ^ 
 
 lews,. 
 
 Forked 
 
 Shore 
 
 Is after 
 
 ^e faw 
 
 ) find a 
 
 ? to its 
 
 ^agdes 
 
 round 
 
 igain : 
 
 vithin 
 
 every 
 
 "ven 3 
 
 when 
 
 frees, 
 
 5und- 
 
 ibout 
 
 hina 
 
 ibout 
 
 Idom 
 
 the . 
 Lead 
 
 T/?e A. ft and s off again. ^ '9 - 
 
 Lead brings up very different forts of Ap,\6i<) 
 Sand, fome courfe, fome fine ^ and of fe- ^"'^"^^^ 
 veral Colours, as Yellow, White, Grey, 
 Brown, Bluifh and Reddifh. 
 
 When I faw there was no Harbour here, 
 nor good Anchoring, I ftood off to Sea a- 
 gain, in the Evening of the fecond of Aw 
 gnfi^ fearing a Storm on a Lee-(hore, in a 
 place where there was no (liclter, and de- 
 firing at lead to have Sea-room: For the 
 Clouds began to grow thick in the VVeft- 
 ern-board, and the Wind wasalread/ 
 there, and began to blow fre(h almofl: 
 upon the Shore^ which, at this place lies 
 along N. N. VV. and S. S. E. By nine a 
 Clock at Night we had got a pretty good 
 Offin 5 but the Wind ftill incrcafiiig, I 
 took in my Main Top-fail, being able to 
 carry no more Sail than two Courfes and 
 the Mizen. At two in the Morning, Aug, 
 3. it blew very hard, and the Sea was 
 much raifed^ fo that I furled all my Sails 
 but my Main-fail. Tho' the Wind blew 
 fo hard, we had yet pretty clear Weather 
 till Noon: But then the whole Sky was 
 blackned with thick Clouds, and we had 
 fome Rain, which would lafl: a quarjter of 
 an hour at a time, and then it would blow 
 very fierce while the Squals of Rain were 
 over our Heads ^ but as foon as they were 
 gone the Wind was by much abated, the 
 ftrefs of the Storm being over. We found- 
 
 I 4 ed 
 
120 Animal at Sharks-Bay in N. H. 
 
 An. 1699 ed feveral times, but bad no Ground till 
 ^■^'^■^^^^ 8 a Clock Aug. the 4tb in the Evening 5 
 and then had 60 Fathom-water, Coral- 
 ground. At ten we ad 56 Fathom fine 
 Sand. At twelve we had 55 Fathom, 
 fine Sand, of a pale blui(h Colour. It 
 was now pretty moderate Weather 5 yet 
 1 made no Sail till Morning ^ but then, 
 the Wind veering about to the S. W- I 
 made Sail and flood to the North : And 
 at f I a Clock the next day, Aug. 5. we 
 faw Land again, at about 10 Leagues di- 
 ftance. This Noon we were in Lat. 25 
 deg. 30 min. and in the Afternoon our 
 Cook died, an Old Man, who had been 
 fick a great while, being infirm before 
 we came out oi England. 
 
 The 6 th of Augufi in the Morning we 
 faw an Opening in the Land, and we ran 
 into it, and anchored in feven and a half 
 Fathom-water, 2 miles from the Shore, 
 clean Sand. It was fomewhat difficult 
 getting in here, by reafon of many Shoals 
 we met with ; But I fent my Boat founding 
 before me. The Mouth of this Sound, 
 which. I caird Shark's Bay^ lies in about 
 2 5 deg. S. Lat. and our Reckoning made 
 its Longitude from the C. of Good Hope 
 to be about 87 Degrees 5 which is lefs by 
 195 Leagues than is ufually laid down in 
 our common Draughts, if our Reckoning 
 was right, and our Glaffes did not deceive 
 
 lis. 
 
 Soil] 
 
 us. 
 
 BayO 
 
 IV. 
 
 feek 
 my 
 The 
 carry] 
 todij 
 Weti 
 findii 
 fevers 
 fearcl 
 Day 
 atNi 
 Tl 
 fothj 
 Itapi 
 youc 
 gentl 
 •Tisa 
 But i 
 in, t 
 
 • fing 
 
 Mou 
 
 a lat 
 
 whii 
 
 rede 
 
 Gra 
 
 gro 
 
 hen 
 
 wit 
 
 ha\ 
 
Soil of Sh'dvki'h. i/i N.. Holland, iii 
 
 U9. As foon as I came to anchor in this ^"' ^^99' 
 Bay (of which T have given a Plan, Table -^"'^^^^^ 
 IV. N*. 6.) I fent my boat alhore to 
 feek for frefli Water : But in the Evenins 
 my Men returned, having found none. 
 The next Morning I went afhore my felf, 
 carrying Pick-axes and Shovels with mc, 
 to dig for Water 5 and Axes to cut Wood. 
 We tried in feveral Places for Water, but 
 finding none after feveral Trials, nor in 
 feveral Miles Compafs, we left any farther 
 fearch for it, and fpending the reft of the 
 Day in cutting Wood, we went aboard 
 at Night. 
 
 The Land is of an indifferent heighth, 
 
 fo that it may be feen 9 or 10 Leagues off. 
 
 It appears at a diftance very even 5 but as 
 
 you come nigher you find there are many 
 
 gentle Rifings, tho' none fteep nor high. 
 
 Tis all a fteep Shore againft the open Sea ; 
 
 But in this Bay or Sound we were now 
 
 in, the Land is low by the Sea-fide, ri- 
 
 fing gradually in within the Land. The 
 
 Mould is Sand by the Sea- fide, producing 
 
 a large fort of Sampler, whic!h bears a 
 
 white Flower. Farther in, the Mould Is 
 
 reddifti, a fort of Sand producing fome 
 
 Grafs, Plants, and Shfubs The Grafs 
 
 grows in great Tufts, as big as a Budiel, 
 
 here and there a Tuft : Being intermixed 
 
 with much Heath, much of the kind we 
 
 have growing on our Commons in Effg- 
 
122 Vegetables and Birds of Sharks-B. 
 
 f^^J^ ttt^d. Of Trees or Shrubs here are divers 
 ^^^^^^ forts 5 but none aboye <cn Foot high : 
 There Bodies about three Foot about, and 
 5 or 6 Foot high before you come to the 
 Branches, which are bu(hy and composed 
 of fmall Twigs there fpreading abroad, 
 tho* thick fet, and full of Leaves; which 
 were rooftly long and narrovv. The Co- 
 lour of the Leaves was on one fide whi- 
 ti(b, and on the other green : and the 
 Bark of the Trees was generally of the 
 fame colour with the Leaves, of a pale 
 igreen. Some of tbefe Trees were fweet- 
 fcented, and reddifh within the Bark, like 
 Saffafras, but redder. Mod of the Trees 
 and Shrubs had at this time either Blof- 
 foms or Berries on them. TheBloflbms of 
 <he different fort of Trees were of feveral 
 colours, as red, white, yellow, &c. but 
 moflly blue : And thefe generally fmelt 
 very fweet and fragrant, as did fome alfo 
 of the refl. There were alfo befide fome 
 Plants, Herbs, and tall Flowers, fome ve- 
 ry (mall Flowers, growing on the Ground, 
 that were fweet and beautiful, and for the 
 moft part unlike any I had feen clfe- 
 where. 
 
 There were but few Land-Fowls ; wc 
 faw none but Eagles, of the larger forts of 
 Birds ^ but 5 or 6 forts of fmall Birds. The 
 biggeft fort of thefe were not bigger than 
 Larks 3 fome no bigger than Wrens, all 
 
 fing- 
 
 ^■J 
 
 cf y tieck 
 
 r€d. 8c ty 
 
 ike ,^4^ytrf£\ 
 
 irht^iU 
 
rB. 
 
 livers 
 )igh : 
 , and 
 othc 
 ipos'd 
 road, 
 vhlch 
 eCo- 
 I whi- 
 d the 
 )f the 
 
 pale 
 Weet- 
 c, like 
 Trees 
 Blof- 
 ms of 
 everal 
 . but 
 fmelt 
 e alfo 
 fome 
 le ve- 
 ound, 
 3r the 
 
 clfe- 
 
 : we 
 Drtsof 
 ;. The 
 rthan 
 IS, all 
 
 :PU£i. ^ij T. tx3. 
 
 'i3 
 
 of y neck, of -thtj htrJ, is 
 red, 8C -tfurein dt-ffers -front 
 
 ••' ^ 
 
 ■ikt ^/4/yttf€tttt of T-taly 
 
 •A Ccm^ni/^hddy . T.t 
 
 ty. J-.j,^ 
 
 'fe. 
 
 I 
 
 a^ .Bill 3c Lea^ of -thu 3ml are cfa. ^St-ta^h'tr^ed. 
 
 
A particular fort of Guano. 123 
 
 lingmgwith great variety of fine (hrill /^^..mp?, 
 Wotesj and we faw fome of their Nefts ^'^^^ 
 uith young Ones in them. The Water- 
 Fowls are Ducks, (which had young Oflcs 
 now, this being the beginningof the Spring 
 in thefe Farts-) Curlews, Galdens, Crab- 
 catchers, Cormorants, Gulls, Pelicans 5 
 and forae Water- Fowl, fuch as I have not 
 feen any where befides. I have given the 
 Piftures of 4 feveral Birds on this Coaft,- 
 [See Birds : Fig. 2, 5, 4, 5.] 
 
 The Land' Animals that we faw here 
 were only a fort of Raccoons, different 
 from thofe of the Weft-Indies, chiefly a^ 
 to their Legs ^ for thefe have very (hort 
 Fore-Legs 5 but go jumping upon them 
 as the others do, (and like them are very 
 good Meat :) And a fort of Guano*s, of the 
 fame Ihape and fize with other Guano's, 
 dcfcrib'd [Vol. I. p. 57.] but differing 
 from them in three remarkable Particu- * 
 Jars : For thefe had a larger and uglier 
 Head, and had no Tail : And at the 
 Rump, inftead of the Tail there, they had 
 a (lump of a Tail, which appeared like 
 another Head 5 but not really fuch, being 
 without Mouth or Eyes : Yet this Crea- 
 ture feem'd by this means to have a Head 
 at each end ^ and, which may be reckoned 
 a fourth difference, the Legs alfo feem'd all 
 four of them to be Fore-legs, being all a- 
 like in (hape and len^h, and feeming by 
 
 the 
 
12 
 
 Fijh of Sliarks^Bay. 
 
 An. 1499. the Joints and Bending to be qade as if 
 ^^''^'^^ they were to go indifferently either Head 
 or Tail foremoft. They wei?e fpecklecl 
 black and yellow like Toads, and had 
 Scales or Knobs on their Backs like thofe of 
 Crocodiles, plated on to the Skin, of ftuck 
 iiito it, as part of the Skin. They are ve». 
 ry flow in motion ^ and when a Man 
 comes nigh them they will ftand ftiU and 
 hifs, not endeavouring to get away. 
 Their Livers are alfo f'potted black and 
 yellow: And the Body when opened hath 
 a very mifavory Smell. I did p^ver fee 
 fuch ugly Creatures any where but here. 
 The Guano ? I have obferv*d to be very 
 good Meat : And I have often eaten of 
 them with pleafure^ but tho* I have eaten 
 of Snakes, Crocodiles and Allegators, and 
 many Creatures that look frightfully e«» 
 nough, and there arc but few I Ihquld 
 • have been afraid to eat of, if preft by Hun- 
 ger, yet I think my Stomach would fcarce 
 have ferv*d to venture upon thefe N. HoU 
 I Ufid Guano's, both the Looks and the 
 Smell of them being fo ofFenfive. 
 
 The Se^-fifh that we faw here (for here 
 was no River, Land or Pond of freflb Wa- 
 ter to be feen) are chiefly Sharks. There 
 are abundance of them in this particular 
 Sound, that I therefore gave it the Name 
 of Shark* s Bay. Here are alfo Skates, 
 'i'hornbacks, and other Fifli of the Ray- 
 kind i 
 
 ■■{ ■■> ' 
 
 K'- 
 
 
as if 
 
 Head 
 
 :kled 
 
 had 
 
 )feof 
 
 (tuck 
 
 e ve* 
 
 Man 
 
 1 and 
 
 iway. 
 
 i and 
 
 I hath 
 
 • fee 
 
 here. 
 
 very 
 
 :enof 
 
 eaten 
 
 s, and 
 
 illy e-' 
 
 hquld 
 
 ' Hqn- 
 
 fcarce 
 
 id the 
 
 r here 
 bWa- 
 Therc 
 icular 
 Name 
 )kates, 
 
 Ray. 
 
 kind 5_ 
 
 Shells^ T'nrtle^ large Shark. 125 
 
 kind ^ (one fort efpecially like the Sea-^»« 1^99/ 
 Devil) and Gar-fi(h, Bonetas, &c. of'^"'^^^'^ 
 Shell-fifh we got here Mufcles, Periwink- 
 les, Limpits, Oyfters, both of the Pearl- 
 kind and alfo Eating-Oyfters, as well the 
 common fort as long Oyfters 5 befide 
 Cockles, &c. The Shore was lined thick 
 with many other forts of very ftrange and 
 beautiful Shells, for variety of Colour and 
 Shape, moft finely fpotted with Red, 
 Black, or Yellow, &c. fuch as I have not 
 feen any where but at this place. I brought 
 away a great many of theiti^ but loft all, 
 exc<?pt a very few, and thofe not of the 
 teft. 
 
 '- There are 'alfo fome greenTurtle weigh- 
 ing about 200 tb. Of thefe we caught 2, 
 Hvhich the Water Ebbing had left behind 
 a Ledge bf Rock, which they could not 
 Weep over. Thefd ferved all my Company 
 ^'Days^ and tliey were indifferent fwect 
 "Meat. Of the Sharks we caught a great 
 many, which our Men eat very favourlly. 
 'Among them vt^e caught one ^hich wa 9 1 1 
 ^ F^Ot Idngi Thel fpace between its a Eyes 
 '^v^as 20 Inches, arid 18 Inches from one 
 -Corner bfhls Mouth to khe other. Its 
 "M^v^ was like a^ Leather Sack, ^ very thick, 
 ' ^nd fo'ton^'th&t^a fliarpKfiife could fcarcc 
 f (^lit it : ' In whii:h we found the Head arid 
 - B6iie^ df a^ fH^popatomus 5 the hairy Ups 
 ;;bf A^tlh v^eve ftiU fouudand notputrified. 
 
 
 Vy •• ■!• <■• »- 
 
 ani 
 
i26 The A'sftay i« Sharks-Bay. 
 
 An. 1699 and the Jaw was alfo firm, out of which 
 "'^^''^^'^^ we pluckt a great many Teeth, 2 of them 
 8 Inches long, and as big as a Man's Thumb, 
 fmall at one end, and a little crooked 5 the 
 reft not above half fo long. The Maw 
 was full of Jelly, which ftank extremely : 
 However I fa ved for a while the Teeth and 
 the Sharks Jaw : The Flefti of it was divi- 
 ded among my Men 5 and they took care 
 that no wafte ftiould be made of it. 
 
 Twas the 7th of Atfg, when we came 
 into Shar k*S'B2y ^ in which we Anchored 
 at three feveral Places, and ftay'd at the 
 fir ft of them (on the Weft-fide of the Bay) 
 till the 1 1 th. During which time we fearch- 
 ed about, as I faid, for frefti Water, 
 digging Wells, but to no purpofe. How- 
 ever, we cut good ftore of Fire-wopd at 
 this firft Anchoring-place 5 and my Com- 
 pany were all here very well refreflied with 
 Raccoons, Turtle, Shark, and other Fifti, 
 and fomeFovvls 5 fo that we vvercnovv 
 all much brisker than when we came in 
 hither. Yetftill I was for ftanding farther 
 into the Bay, partly becaufe I had a mind 
 to increafe my ftock of frefti Water, which 
 was began to be low ^ and parti y for the 
 fake of Difcovering this part of the Coaft. 
 I was invited to go further, by feeing from 
 this Anchoting-placeall open before me 5 
 vvhich therefore I defigned to fearch before 
 I left the Bay. So on the 1 1 th about Noon, 
 f iftccr'd 
 
Sailing about Sharks-Bay. 127 
 
 i fteery farther in, with an eafie Sail, be- ^«- 1^99^ 
 caufe we had but (hallow Water: We kept '^'^^^'^ 
 therefore good looking out for fear of 
 Sholes 5 fometimes (hortning, fomctimes 
 deepning the Water. About 2 in the 
 Afternoon we faw the Land a Head that 
 makes the S. of the Bay, and before Night 
 we had again Sholdings from that Shore : 
 And therefore (hortned Sail and flood off 
 and on all Night, under 2 Top- fails, conti- 
 nually founding, having never more than 
 IG Fathom, and feldom Uk than 7. The 
 Water deepned and (holdned fo very gent- 
 ly, that in heaving the Lead 5 or 6 times 
 wefliould fcarce have a Foot difference. 
 When we came into 7 Fathom either way, 
 we prefently went about. From this S. part 
 of the Bay, we could not fee the Land from 
 whence we came in the Afternoon: And 
 this Land we found to be an Ifland of ^ or 4 
 Leagues long, as is feen in the Plain, [Ta- . 
 ble IV. N". 6.3 but it appearing barren, 
 I did not ftrive to go nearer it 5 and the ra- 
 ther becaufe the Winds would not permit 
 us to do it without much Trouble, and at 
 the Openings the Water was generally 
 Shole. I therefore made no farther attempts 
 in this S. W. and S. part of the Bay, but 
 fleered away to the Eaftvvard, to fee if 
 there was any Land that way, for as yet 
 we had feen none there. On the 1 2th in 
 thq Morning we pa(s*dt)y the N. Point of 
 
 that 
 
 ■:. ^ 
 
1^8 Going out of Sharks-Bay. 
 
 Ah. i^9p. that Land and were confirtn'd in the Per- 
 ^'^'"^^'^ fuafion of its being an Ifland, by feeing 
 siv\ Opening to the Eaft of it, as we had 
 done on the W. Having fair Weather, a 
 fmall Gale and fmooth Water, we ftood 
 further on in the Bay, to fee what Land 
 was on the E. of it. Our Soundings at 
 firft were 7 Fathom, which held fo a great 
 while, but at length it decreas*d to 6. 
 Then we faw the Land right a-head, that 
 in the Plan makes the E. of the Bay. We 
 could not come near it with the Ship, ha- 
 ving but Shole- water : and it being dange- 
 rous lying there, and the Land extraordi- 
 narily low, very unlikely to have frelh 
 Water (though it had a few Trees on it, 
 feemingly Mangroves) and much of it pro- 
 bably covered at High-water, L ftood out 
 ^gainthat Afternoon, deepning the Water, 
 and before Night anchored in 8 Fathom, 
 clean white Sand, about the middle of the 
 Bay. The next day we got up our An^ 
 chor 5 and that Afternoon came to an An- 
 chor once more near two Iflands, and a 
 Shole of Coral Rocks that face the Bay. 
 Here I fcrubb*d my Ship : and finding it 
 very improbable I (hould get any thing 
 further here, I made the beft of my way 
 c^t to Sea again, founding all the way : 
 but finding by the fliallownefs of the Wa- 
 ter that there was no going out to Sea to 
 Ihe Eafl: of the tWQ lilands that £sice the 
 
 Bay, 
 
The A. departs from Sharks-Bay. li^ 
 
 Bay, nor between them, I returned to the ^"^ ><^9?' 
 Weft Entrance, going out by the fame ^■^"'"^^'^ 
 way I came in at, only on the Eaft inftead 
 of the Weft, fide of the fmall Shole to be ' 
 fcen in the Plan : In whichChannel we had 
 lo, 12, and 1:5 Fathom-water, ftill decp- 
 ning upon us till we were out at Sea. The 
 day before we came out I fent a Boat a- 
 flioreto the moft Northerly of the two 
 Iflands, which is the leaft of them, catch- 
 ing many fmall Fifti in the mean while 
 with Hook and Line. The Boats Crew 
 returning, told me, that the Ifle produces 
 nothing but a fort of green, fliort, hard, 
 prickly Grafs, affording neitlier Wood nor 
 frefli Water ^ and that a Sea broke between 
 the two Iflands, a fign that the Water 
 was (hallow. They faw a large Turtle, 
 and many Skates and Thornbacks, but 
 caught none. 
 
 It was Auguft the 14th when I Sail'd out 
 of this Bay or Sound, the Mouth of which 
 lies, as I faid, in 2 5 deg, 5 miri. defigning 
 to coaft along to the N. E. till I might 
 commodioufly put in at fome other part of 
 N. Holland. In paffingout we faw three 
 Water-Serpents fwimming about in the 
 Sea, of a yellow Colour, fpotted with 
 dark brown Spots. They were each a- 
 bout four Foot long, and about the big- 
 nefs of a Mans Wrift, and were the firft I 
 faw on this Coaft; which abounds with 
 
 K fevcral 
 
 ' ffl 
 
 
1 ^o Coafiwg dong N. Holland. 
 
 Aiu \699. feveral fortb of them. We had the Winds 
 ^'^'^ at our fir/l coming out at N. and the Land 
 lying North-Eiifterly. We plied ofFand on, 
 getting forward but little till the'next day : 
 When the Wind coming at S. S. V V. and 
 S. we began to Goad it along the Shore to 
 the Northward, keeping at 6 or 7 Leagues 
 off Shore ^ and founding often, we had 
 between 40 and 46 Fathom- water, brown 
 Sand, v/ith fome white Shells. This 
 1 5^; of Angufl we were in Lat. 24 deg. 
 41 nJn. On the i6th Day at Nopn we 
 were in 25 deg. 22 min. The Wind com- 
 ing at E. by N. we could not keep the 
 Shore aboard, but were forced to go far- 
 . ther off, and loft fight of the Land. Then 
 founding we had no Ground with 80 Fa- 
 thom-line 5 however the Wind (hortly af- 
 ter came about again to the Southward, 
 and then we jog*d on again to the North- 
 ward, and faw many fmall Dolphins and 
 Whales, and abundance of Scuttle- (hells 
 fwimming on the Sea ^ and fome Water- 
 fnakes every day. The 17th we faw the 
 Land again, and took a Sight of it. [See 
 Table IV. N". 7.] 
 
 The 1 8th in the Afternoon, being 3 or 
 4 Leagues off Shore, I faw a Shole- point, 
 ftretching from the Land into the* Sea, a 
 League or more. The Sea broke high on 
 it 5 by which I faw plainly there was a 
 Sholc there. I flood farther off, and coaft- 
 
 ed 
 
 ed a 
 
 diftai 
 
 founc 
 
 Sand. 
 
 therS 
 
 half 
 
 AtOi 
 
 hadS 
 
 noGi 
 
 along 
 
 Pointi 
 
 N. N, 
 
 would 
 
 being 
 
 Ifhouj 
 
 ence o 
 
 When 
 
 tion'd' 
 
 ter, W( 
 
 Whalei 
 
 thers a 
 
 ing anc 
 
 when V 
 
 ter the3 
 
 they n 
 
 the Sea 
 
 a Breac 
 
 us, like 
 
 Shole-v^ 
 
 Shole tl 
 
 of Wa 
 
 Fathon: 
 
indf 
 .and 
 Ion, 
 day: 
 and 
 re to 
 igues 
 I had 
 rown 
 This 
 .deg. 
 »n we 
 com- 
 p the 
 far- 
 Then 
 ?o Fa- 
 ly af- 
 ward, 
 lorth- 
 isand 
 .(hells 
 l^ater- 
 w the 
 [See 
 
 g3or 
 point. 
 Sea, a 
 ghon 
 was a 
 coaft- 
 ed 
 
 Shales^ attd noify Whales. 551 
 
 ed a long Shore, to about 7 or 8 Leagues ^»'- ^^99 
 diftance: And at 12 a Clock at Flight we ^'^'^^'^^^ 
 founded, and had but 20 Fathom, hard 
 Sand. By this I found I was upon ano- 
 ther Shole, and fo prefently fleered oflF VV. 
 half an hour, and had then 40 Fathom. 
 At One Ml the Morning of the 1 8th day we 
 had 85 Fathom : By two we could find 
 no Ground 5 and then I veqtur'd to fteer 
 along Shore again, due N. which is two 
 Points wide of the Coaft (that lies here 
 N. N. E.) for fear of another Shole. I 
 would not be too far off from the .a-^d, 
 being defirous to fearch into it whe^ >e7er 
 I fliould find an opening or any Conveni- 
 ence of fearching about, for Water, &c. 
 When we were off the Shole-poin I men- 
 tioned' where we had but 70 Fathom-wa- 
 ter, we had in the Night abundance of 
 Whales about the Ship, fome a-head, o- 
 thers a-ftern, and fome on each fide blow- 
 ing and making a very difmalNoife^ but 
 when we came out again into deeper Wa- 
 ter they left us. Indeed the Noife that 
 they made by blowing and dafliing of 
 the Sea with their Tails, making it all of 
 a Breach and Fome, was very dreadful to 
 us, like the breach of the Waves in very 
 Shole-water, or among Rocks. The 
 Shole thefe Whales were upon had depth 
 of Water fufBcient, no lefs than twenty 
 Fathom, as I faid^ and it lies in Lat. 22 
 
 K 2 • dcg. 
 
 vm 
 
 lii 
 
122 
 
 3 
 
 Co4Jiittg along N. Holland, 
 
 An. f6po.deg. 2 2 mill. The Shore was generally 
 '^'^Y^ bold all along li we had met with no Shole 
 at Sea fiiice the Ahrohlo-^oX^^ when we 
 firft feJl on the N. Holland Coaft in the Lat. 
 of 28. till yefterday in the Afternoon, and 
 this Night. This Morning alfo when we 
 cxpefted by the Draught wc had with us 
 to have been 1 1 Leagues off Shore, we 
 were but 4 ^ fo that either our Draughts 
 were faulty, which yet hitherto and after- 
 wards we found true enough as to the ly- 
 ing of the Coaft, or elfe here was a Tide 
 unknown to us that deceived us^ tho* we 
 had found very little of any Tide on this 
 Coaft hitherto. As to our Winds in the 
 Coafting thus far, we had been within the 
 Verge of the General Trade (tho' inter- 
 rupted by the Storm I mentioned) from the 
 Lat. of 28, when we fir ft fell in with the 
 Coaft : And by that time we were in the 
 Lat of 2$. we had ufually the regular 
 Trade- wind (which is here S. S. E.) when 
 we were at any diftance from Shore: But 
 we had often Sea and Land- Breezes, cfpe- 
 cially when near Shore, and when in 
 Sharks-bay 'y and had a particular N. Weft 
 Wind, or Storm, that fet us in thither. 
 On this 1 8th of AngHfi we coafted with a 
 brisk Gale of the True Trade-wind at 
 S. S. E. very fair and clear Weather 5 but 
 haling oflfin the Evening to Sea, were next 
 Morning out of fight of Land 5 and the 
 
 Land 
 
rally 
 hole 
 I we 
 iLat. 
 , and 
 n we 
 ithus 
 ?, we 
 ughts 
 after- 
 he ly- 
 Tide 
 lo* we 
 n this 
 in the 
 in the 
 inter- 
 m the 
 ththe 
 in the 
 egular 
 when 
 ^: But 
 , cfpe- 
 en in 
 
 Weft 
 hither. 
 7vith a 
 ind at 
 r^ but 
 re next 
 nd the 
 
 Land 
 
 l-^n 
 
 ;/w* 
 
 Breex^es on the Coaji of N. Holland 1 3 ^ 
 
 Land now trending away N. Eafterly, /^»^? 
 and we being to the Nbrward of it, and ^ 
 the Wind alfo (hrinking from the S. S. E. 
 to the E. S. E. (that is, from the True 
 Trade- Wind to the Sea-breeze,as the Land 
 now lay) we could not get in with the 
 LaM af^ain yet a-while, fo as to fee it, 
 tho* we trim'd (harp and kept clofe on a 
 Wind. VVc were this T9th day in Lar. 
 21 deg. 42 min. The 2cth wc were in 
 Lat. 19 deg. ^57 min. and kept clofe on a 
 Wind to get fight of the Land again, but 
 could not yet fee it. We had very fair 
 Weather^ and tho' we were fo far from 
 the Land as to be out of fight of it, yet 
 we had the Sea and Land-Breezes. In the . 
 Night we had the Land-Breeze at S. S. E. 
 a fmall gentle Gale *, which in the Morn- 
 ing about Sun-rifing would (hift about 
 gradually (and withal increafiag in 
 Strength) till about Noon we (hould have 
 it at E. S. E. which is the true Sea-breeze 
 here. Then it would blow a brisk Gale, 
 fo that we could fcarce carry our Top-fails 
 double rift : And it would continue j:hu5 
 till 3 in the Afternoon, when it would 
 } decreafe again. The Weather was fair all 
 the while, not a Cloud to be feen ^ but 
 very hazy, efpecially nigh the Horizon. 
 We founded feveral times this 20th day, 
 ■ and at firft had no Ground : But had after- 
 wards from 52 to 45 Fathom, courfe 
 
 R 3 browa 
 
 :'l :i 
 
 m 
 
1^4 Sea-Serpents. N. Holland. 
 
 yjn. idpQ-brown .band, mixt with fmall, brown and 
 y^"^ white Stones^ with Dints befides in the 
 Tallow. 
 
 The 2 1 ft day alfo we had fmall Land- 
 breezes in the Night, and Sea-breezes in 
 the day: And as we faw fome Sea-fnakes 
 everyday, fothis day we faw a great ma- 
 ny, of two different forts or fhapes. One 
 fort was yellow, and about the bignefs of 
 a Mans Wrift, about 4 Foot long, ha- 
 ving a flat Tail about 4 Fingers broad. 
 The other fort was much fmaller and 
 fliurter, round and fpotted black and yel- 
 low. This day we founded feveral times, 
 and had 45 Fathom Sand. We did not 
 make the Land till Noon, and then faw it 
 firft from our Topmaft head. It bore S. E. 
 by E. about 9 Leagues; diftance 5 and it 
 appeared like a Cape or Head of Land, 
 The Sea-breeze this day was not fo ftrong 
 as the day before, and it veered out more 5 
 fo that we had a fair Wind to run in with 
 to the Shore, and at Sun-fet anchored in 
 20 Fathom, clean Sand, about 5 Leagues 
 from the bluff Point 5 which was not a 
 Cape (as it appeared at a great diftance) 
 but the Eaftermoft end of anifland, about 
 5 or 6 Leagues in length, and one in 
 breadth. There were 3 or 4 Rocky Iflands 
 about a League from us between us and 
 the bluff Pointy and we faw many other 
 Wands both tothe Eaft and Weft of it, as 
 
 " ■ ^ far 
 
nand 
 11 the 
 
 !.and- 
 :es in 
 
 iiakes 
 
 t ma- 
 One 
 fsof 
 ha- 
 
 road. 
 and 
 yel- 
 
 mes, 
 not 
 
 [aw it 
 
 S.E. 
 
 id it 
 
 -and. 
 
 rong 
 
 ore 5 
 
 ivith 
 
 i in 
 
 ;ues 
 
 n a 
 
 ice) 
 
 •out 
 in 
 
 nds 
 
 md 
 
 her 
 as 
 
 far 
 
 Iflands by N. Holland. 155 
 
 far as we could fee either way from our A"- »^!?p; 
 Topmaft-head : And all within them to ^'^'^''^'''^ 
 the S. there was nothing but Iflands of a 
 pretty heighth, that may be feen 8 or 9 
 Leagues off. By what we faw of them 
 they muft have been a Range of Iflinds of 
 about 20 Leagues in length, ftretching 
 from E. N. E. to W. S. W. and for 
 ought I know, as far as to thofe of Sharhs- 
 Bdjf 5 and to a confiderable breadth alfo, 
 (for we could fee 9 or 10 Leagues in a* 
 mong them) towards the Continent or 
 main Land of N. Holland^ if there be any 
 fuch thing hereabouts : And by the great 
 Tides I met with a while afterwards, more 
 to the N. Eaft, I had a ftrbrig fufpicion 
 that here might be a kind of Archipelago 
 of Iflands, and a Paffage poflibly to theS. 
 of N. Holland and N. Guinea into the great 
 *y. Sea Eaftward ^ which I had thoughts 
 alfo of attempting in my return front N* 
 Guinea (had circumftances permitted) and 
 told my Officers fo : But I would not at- 
 tempt it at this time, becaufe we wanted 
 Water, and could not depend upon find- 
 ing it there. This place is in the Lat. of 
 20 deg. 21 min. but in the Draught that 
 I had of this Coaft, which was Tafwans^ 
 it was laid down in 19 deg. 50 min. and 
 the Shore is laid down as all along join- 
 ing in one Body or Continent, with fome 
 Openings appearing like Rivers^ and not 
 
 K 4 like 
 
< 
 
 I ^6 TafmanV Draught reSiijied. 
 
 >1w.i6q9. likelflands, asreally they are. Seefevcral 
 ^^;"^^^ Sights of it, Table IV. N% 8, 9, lo. This 
 Place therefore lies more Northerly by 
 4c min. than is laid down in Mr. Tafmans 
 Draught : And befide its being made a 
 firm, continued Land, only with fome 
 Openings like the Mouths of Rivers, I 
 found the Soundings alfo different from 
 what the prick'd Line of his Courfe flicws 
 them, and generally fliallower than he 
 makes them 5 which inclines me to think 
 that he came not fo near the Shore as his 
 Line (hews, and fo had deeper Soundings, 
 and could not fo well diftinguifli the Iflands. 
 His Meridian or Difference of Longitude 
 from Sharks-Bay agrees well enough with 
 my Account, which is 232 Leagues,tho'^ we 
 differ in Lat. And to confirm my Conje- 
 ftiire that the Line of his Courfe is made 
 too near the Shore, at lead not far to the 
 Eaft of this place, the Water is there fo 
 fliallow that he could not come there fo 
 nigh. 
 
 But to proceed ^ in the Night we had a 
 fmall Land-breeze, and in "the Morning 
 1 weighed Anchor, defigning to run in a- 
 mong the Iflands, for they had large Chan- 
 nels between them, of a League wide at 
 leaft, and fome 2 or 5 Leagues wide. I 
 fent in my Boat before to found, and if 
 they found Shole-watcr to return again ^ 
 but if they found Water enough, to go a- 
 
 (hore 
 
 (hon 
 
1^7 
 
 Ranging along N. Holland Ijlands. . ^ 
 
 (hore on.one of the Iflands, and ftay tiH ^n- 1^99 
 the Ship came in 5 where they might in^"'^''^ 
 the mean time fearch for Water. So we 
 followed after with the Ship, founding as 
 we went in, and had 20 Fathom, till with- 
 in 2 Leagues of the Bluff head, and then 
 we had fhole Warer, and very uncertain 
 Soundings: Yet we ran in dill with anea- 
 fie Sail, founding and looking out well, • 
 for this was dangerous Work. When we 
 cane abreaft of the BlufF-head 3 and about 
 2 Mile from it, we had but 7 Fathom : 
 Then we edg'd away from it, but had 
 no more Water ^ and running in a little 
 farth*, we had but 4 Fathoms : ^o we 
 Anchored, immediately^ and yet when we 
 had veered out a third of a Cable we had . 
 7 Fathom Water again 5 fo uncertain was 
 the Water. My Boat came immediately 
 aboard, and told me that the Illand was ve- 
 ry Rocky and Dry, and they had little 
 hopes of finding Water there. I fent them 
 to found, and bad them, if they found a 
 Channel of 8 or i o Fathom Water, to keep 
 on^ and we would follow with the Ship, 
 We were now about 4 Leagues within the 
 outer fmall Rocky Iflands, but ftill could 
 fee nothing but Iflands within us^ forae 5 
 or 6 Leagues long, others not above a Mile *. 
 round. The large iflands were pretty 
 high 5 but all appeared Dry, and moftly 
 Rocky and Barren. The Rocks Jool^'d of • 
 
 Pi "iii 
 
 % 
 
 n 
 
158 
 
 Rofcmary-I. its Vegetables^ &c. 
 
 a rufty yellow Colour, and 'therefore. I 
 difpair'd of getting Water on any of them : 
 but was in fome hopes of findhig a Channel 
 to run in beyond all thefelilands, could I 
 have fpent time here, and cither get to the 
 Main of New Hollartd, or find out fomeo- 
 ther Iflandsthat mi&ht afford us Water and 
 other Refrefhments : Befides, that among 
 • fo many Iflands, we might have found 
 fome fort of Rich Mineral,or Ambergfeefe, 
 it being a good Latitude for both thefe„. 
 but we had not Sailed above a League far- 
 ther before our Water grew flioler again, 
 and then wc Anchored in 6 Fathom hard 
 Sand. 
 
 We were now on the inner fide of the 
 IflandjOn whofe out-fide is the Bluff- point. 
 Wc rode a League from the Tfland, and I 
 prefently went afhore, and carried Shovels 
 to dig for Water, but found none. There 
 grow here 2 or 3 forts of Shrubs, one juft 
 likeRofemary^ and therefore I calTd this 
 Rofemary Ifland. It grew in great plenty 
 here, but had no fmell. Some of the o- 
 ther Shrubs had blue and yellow Flowers^ 
 arid we found 2 forts of Grain like Beans . 
 The one grew on Bufhes ^ the other on a 
 fort of a creeping Vine that runs along on 
 the Ground, having very thick broad 
 Leaves, and the Bloffom like a Bean Blof- 
 fom, but much larger, and of a deep red 
 jpolour, looking very Beautiful We faw 
 
 here 
 
 heref 
 
 ers, C 
 
 fort o 
 
 many 
 
 fi(h, 
 
 bunda 
 
 Rocks 
 
 Sea w 
 
 many 
 
 Snakej 
 
 Stones 
 
 derouj 
 
 We 
 Leagu( 
 been t 
 of . Inl 
 the Ida 
 Inhabi 
 In the 1 
 ted wii 
 to fenc 
 ther oi 
 go frc 
 with t\ 
 ter plai 
 we hac 
 Winds 
 from h 
 theMc 
 and to 
 
 Acc( 
 the Mc 
 
&:c. 
 
 efore I 
 them :. 
 hannel 
 :oijld I 
 : to the 
 omeo- 
 terand 
 among 
 found 
 greefc, 
 
 thefcv 
 uefar- 
 again, 
 :i hard 
 
 of the 
 point. 
 
 and I 
 hovels 
 There 
 le juft 
 y this 
 plenty 
 the o- 
 )wers5 
 leans ; 
 r on a 
 ng on 
 broad 
 
 Blof- 
 ?p red 
 ^efaw 
 
 here 
 
 Departure from Koicimry-h ^29 
 
 here fome Cormorants, Gulls, Crabcatch- ^"- 'Upp- 
 ers, &c, a few fmall Land-Birds, and a '^^"^^'^^ 
 fort of white Parrots,, which flew a great 
 many together. We found fome Shell- 
 fifli, viz. Limpits, Perriwinkles, and a- 
 bundance of fmall Oyfters growing on the 
 Rocks, which were very fweet- In the 
 Sea we faw fome green Turtle, a pretty 
 many Sharks, and abundance of Water^. 
 Snakes of feveral forts and fizes. The 
 Stones were all of rufty Colour, and pon- 
 derous. 
 
 We faw a Smoak on an Ifland 5 or 4 
 Leagues ofFj and here alfo the Bufhes had 
 been burned, but we found no other fign 
 of Inhabitants : Twas probable that on 
 the Iflfand where the Smoak was there were 
 Inhabitants, and frefli Water for them. 
 In the Evening I went aboard, and conful- 
 ted with my Officers whether it was beft 
 to fend th'ther, or to fearch among any o- • 
 ther of thefe Iflands with my Boat 5 or elfe 
 go from hence, and Coafl: along Shore 
 with the Ship, till we could find fome bet- 
 ter place than this was to ride in, where 
 we had (hole water, and lay exposed to 
 Winds and Tides. They all agreed to go 
 from hence 5 fo I gave Orders to weigh in 
 the Morning as foon as it (hould be light, 
 and to get out with the Land-breeze. 
 
 Accordingly, Auguji the 23d, at five m • 
 the Morning we ran out, having ^ pretty . . 
 
 • fredv 
 
 
 ■i-MM 
 
 ^1)^ 
 
 4 ■ "A 
 
 '1^-.^ 
 
 ill 
 
140 Stirof7g Sea-Breezes. Fiflj. 
 
 An, 1699. frefn Land-breeze at S. S. E. By 8 a Clock 
 ^•^^^^ we were got out, and very feafoaabJiy .• ^oi 
 before 9 the Sea-breeze came on ^ib very 
 ftrong, and increafing, we took in our 
 Topfails and ftood off under 2 Courfes and 
 a Mizen, this being as much Sail as we 
 could carry. The Sky was clear, there being 
 not one Cloud to be feen 5 but the Hori zcn 
 appeared very hazy, and the Sun at fetting 
 the Night before, and this Morning at ri- 
 fing, appeared very Red. The Wind con- 
 tinued very ftrong till twelve, then it be- 
 gan to abate : I have feldom met with a 
 ftronger Breeze. Thefe ftrong Sea-breezes 
 lafted thus in their Turns 3 or 4 Days. 
 They fprung up with the Sun-rife ; By 9 
 a Clock they were very ftrong, and fo con- 
 tinued till Noon, when they began to a- 
 bate : And by Sun-fet there was litde Wind, 
 or a Calm till the Land-breezes caaie 5 which 
 . we ftiould certai*!^^ have in the Morning 
 about I or a a C'c :k. The Land-breezes 
 were between the S. S. W. and S. S. E. 
 The Sea-breezes between the E. N. E and 
 N. N. E. In the Night while Calm, we 
 fifli'd with Hook and Line, and caught 
 good ftore of Fifti, ^)iz. Snappers, Breams, 
 Old-Wivej, and Dog-fifti. When thefe 
 laft came we feldom caught any others 5 
 for if they did not drive aWay the other 
 Fifti, ytl they would be furs to keep them 
 &om taking oup Hools, fgr they would 
 
a Clock 
 
 Kit' very 
 
 ill our 
 
 rfes and 
 
 I as we 
 re being 
 :iorhcn 
 
 fetting 
 ig at rl. 
 nd con- 
 m it be- 
 
 with a 
 breezes 
 
 Days. 
 
 ; By 9 
 
 fo con- 
 an to a- 
 eWind, 
 ^5 which 
 lornhig 
 'breezes 
 
 E and 
 i!m, we 
 
 caught 
 5reams, 
 
 II there 
 :)thers ; 
 ^ other 
 p them 
 
 would 
 firft 
 
 'i^i 
 
 I »' »i 
 
 u 
 
 m 
 
 
 ■• -H 
 
 W 1 
 
 kl 
 
 ^s " . •: \ 
 
 I -I 
 
Pixie. I . 
 
 A ':^ij7i -taken on tkt CcaA of JV^t^. J^aiUnl 
 
 ^A Cuttle izLkin manr C^. j£trlla.nA, 
 
 :^.& 
 
 rfh^ 
 
 ':f.6 
 
 v^ ^ ttnoi*tL 
 
1 kf^"' 
 
 ^cllani 
 
 tt^ 
 
 r 
 
 ^^ 
 
 K 
 
 N" 
 
 ^rkj hack\ 
 
 y>^ 
 
 \ 
 
 ^^ 'r\\ 
 
 i 
 
 m. 
 
s 
 
 VH 
 
 A'J^xfh 
 
 't.J^, 
 
 il 
 
fUte J, 
 
 Uijh of tht- J^-unna kinltakitt on y Catiji ofC^.J^IarQ 
 
 ^/. 
 
 ►^ ^2/^ called by -tUe s^amin -tft-t OjJ, "Wift , 
 
 ■r. 
 
 ii 
 
1 
 
 V) 
 
 c 
 
 firft h 
 greed il 
 of whi 
 
 FiA 
 On 
 
 along 
 
 any O 
 
 bout 2 
 
 day, I 
 
 the W 
 
 from 3 
 
 a little 
 
 anchoi 
 
 dccreai 
 
 Fathoi 
 
 farthei 
 
 we cai 
 
 Fathoi 
 
 a half 
 
 ings. 
 
 long a 
 
 breeze 
 
 and vv 
 
 Shore, 
 
 tie, for 
 
 Sharks 
 
 and fc 
 
 Th( 
 
 ter all 
 
 till I i 
 
 head. 
 
 from ( 
 
 
Coapwg along N. Holland. 14! 
 
 firfl: have them themfelves, biting very^J^^^J^ 
 greedily. We caught alfo a Monk-fifh, ^"^^^ 
 of which I brought home the Pifture. See 
 
 FiJI)^ Fi(^. I. 
 
 On the 25th of Augnft^ we ftill coafted 
 along Shore, that we might the better fee 
 any Opening 5 kept founding, and had a- 
 bout 20 Fathom clean Sand. The 26th 
 day, being about four Leagues off Shore, 
 the Water began gradually to (holdcn 
 from 20 to 14 Fathom. I was edging in 
 a little towards the Land, thinking to have 
 anchored : But prefently after the Water 
 decreased alrnoft at once, till we had but 5J 
 Fathom. I durfl: therefore adventure no 
 farther, but fteer*d out the fame way that 
 we came in -^ and in a (hort time had 10 
 Fathom (being then about 4 Leagues and 
 a half from the Shore) and even Sound- 
 ings. I fteer'd away E. N. E. coafting a- 
 long as the Land lies. This Day the Sea- 
 breezes began to be very moderate again, 
 and we made the bed of our way along 
 Shore, only in the Night edging off a lit- 
 tle for fear of Slides. Ever fince we left 
 Sharks-Bay we had had fair clear weather, 
 and fo for a great while Pill. 
 
 The 27th day, we had '^o Fathom wa- 
 ter all night, yet we could not fee Land 
 till I in the afternoon from our Topraaft- 
 hcad. By 3 we could jufi: difcern Land 
 from pur Quarter-deck : We had then 16 
 
 Fathonai- 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 If 
 
<^, 
 
 */*t 
 
 V] 
 
 
 0/^> 
 
 /A 
 
 IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 1.0 
 
 I.I 
 
 ■^ IM |2.2 
 ;!f U£ 12.0 
 
 iiil 
 
 L25 imu ij.6_ 
 
 Photographic 
 
 Sciences 
 
 Corporation 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STRECT 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716)872-4503 
 
•^^r 
 
 1 42 NoddyBirds of N. Holland 
 
 f^Lj^' Fathom. The Wind was at N. and wc 
 ^^^^^^ (leery E. by N wfiich is but one Point in 
 on the Land : Yet we decreased our Water 
 very faft^ for at 4 we had but 9 Fathom 5 
 the nextCaft but 7, which frighted us^ and 
 we then tackt inftantly and ftood off : But 
 in a ftiort time the Wind coming at N. W. 
 and W. N. W. we tackt again, and ftcer'd 
 N. N. E. and then deepned our Water a- 
 gain, and had all night from 15 to 20 Fa- 
 thom. 
 . The 28th day we had between 20 and 
 40 Fathom. We faw no Land this day, 
 but faw a great piany Snakes and fome 
 Whales. We faw alfo fome Boobies^ and 
 Noddy-birds:, and in the night caught one 
 of thefe laft. It was of another (hape and 
 colour than any I had feen before. It had 
 a fmall long Bill, as all of them have, flat 
 Feet like Ducks Feet 5 its Tail forked 
 like a Swallow^ but longer and broader, 
 and the Fork deeper than that of the Sw^tU 
 low^ with very long Wings : The Top or 
 Crown- of the Head of this Noddy was 
 Coal-black, having alfo fmall black ftreaks 
 round about and dofe to the Eyes 5 and 
 round thefe ftreaks on each fide, a pretty 
 broad white circle. The Breaft, Belly, 
 and under-part of the Wings of this Nod- 
 dy were white : and the Back and upper- 
 part of its Wings of a faint black or fmoak 
 Colour. See a Pifturaof this, and of the 
 
 com- 
 
 commo 
 are feen 
 as well 
 of -Br/t? 
 a (bore 
 fee the 
 League 
 When 
 n-only 
 till the 
 bSiild < 
 as I ha 
 The 
 min. 
 n^any 
 having 
 I fteer 
 noon 1 
 Sand, 
 the St 
 found 
 thorn 
 thenc( 
 gtadu 
 to 6 1 
 Eclip 
 befor 
 Hori: 
 not f 
 hour 
 hour 
 onin. 
 
nd vvc 
 iint in 
 Water 
 horn 5 
 s^and 
 But 
 N.W. 
 fteer'd 
 Iter a- 
 ioFa- 
 
 oand 
 J day, 
 lome 
 . and 
 t one 
 eand 
 thad 
 ?, flat 
 )rked 
 ader, 
 
 )por 
 was 
 'caks 
 and 
 ctty 
 ellv, 
 Sfok- 
 per- 
 toak 
 the 
 
 An Eclipfe of the Moon. 142 
 
 common one. Birds ^ Ffg, 5, 6. Noddies ^^-^^99* 
 are feen in moft places between the Tropicks^ l^^^Y\J 
 as well in the Eafi-hdies; and on the Coaft 
 of Brazil, as in the Weft-Indies. They reft 
 afhore a nights, and therefore we never 
 fee them far at Sea, not above 20 or 50 
 Leagues, unlefs driven off in a Storm. 
 When they come about a Ship they cora- 
 n^only perch in the night, and will fitftill 
 till they are taken by the Seamen. They 
 b&ild on Cliffs againft the Sea, or Rocks, 
 as I have faid Vol. I. p. 55. 
 
 The 50th day, being in Lat. i3 deg. 21 
 min. we made the Land again, and fav^ 
 n?any great Smokes near the Shore 5 and 
 having fair Weather and moderate Breezes, 
 I fteer'd in towards it. At 4 in the After- 
 noon I anchored in 8 Fathom water, clear 
 Sand, about 5 Leagues and a half from 
 the Shore. 1 prefently fent my Boat to 
 found.nearer in, and they found 10 Fa- 
 thom about a mile farther in : And from 
 thence ftill farther in the water decreafed 
 gradually to 9,8 j, and at 2 mile diftance 
 to 6 Fathpm. This Evening we faw an 
 Eclipfe of the Moon, but it was abating 
 before the Moon appeared to us 5 for the 
 Horizon was very hazy, fo that we could 
 not fee the Moon till (he had been half an 
 hour above the Horizon : And at two 
 hours, 22 min. after Sun-fet, by the reclc- 
 Qning of our Claffes, the Eclipfe was quite 
 
 gone. 
 
144 Landing again in N. Holland. 
 
 ^^Ljl^' goi^c, which was not of many Digits. 
 
 ^^^ The Moon's Center was then 33 deg. 40 
 min. high. 
 
 , The 3 ift of Angujl betimes in the Morn- 
 ing I went afhore with lo or 11 Men to 
 fearch for water. We went armed with 
 Muskets. and Cutlafles for our defence, ex- 
 pefting to fee people there ^ and carried 
 alfo Shovels and. Pickaxes to dig Wells. 
 When we came near the Shore we faw^ 
 tall black naked Men on the fandy Bay a- 
 head of us : But as we row'd iii, they went 
 away. When we were landed, t fent the 
 Boat with two Men in her to lie a little 
 from the Shore at an Anchor, to prevent 
 being feiz'd 5 while the reft of us went af- 
 ter the 3 black Men, who were now got 
 on the top of a fmall Hill about a quarter 
 of a Mile from us, with 8 or 9 Men more 
 in their Company. They feeing us com- 
 ing, ran away. When we came on the 
 top of the Hill where they firit flood, wc 
 faw a plain Savannah, about half a Mile 
 from us, farther in from the Sea. There 
 were feveral Things like Hay-cocks, 
 ftanding in the Savannah '^ which at a di- 
 ftancc we thought were Houfes, looking 
 juft like the Hottentot'% Houfes at the Cape 
 ofG. Hope : but we found them to be fo 
 • many Rocks. We fearched about thefe 
 for water, but could find none, nor any 
 Houfes 5 nor People, for they were all 
 
 gone. 
 
 50 
 
d. 
 
 Digits, 
 'g- 40 
 
 Morn- 
 leri to 
 
 with 
 e, ex- 
 arried 
 Wdls. 
 faw^ 
 Jaya- 
 vvent 
 It the 
 little 
 event 
 ntaf- 
 vgot 
 larter 
 more 
 com- 
 n the 
 1, we 
 Mile 
 rhere 
 )cks, 
 a di- 
 sking 
 Cape 
 iefo 
 there 
 
 any 
 eall 
 jone. 
 
 hlatwes ofN. Holland. 145 
 
 gone. Then we returned again to the ^n- i^ 
 Place where we Landed, and there we^'^^'^^^ 
 dyg for Water. 
 
 While we were at work there came 9 
 or I o of the Natives to a fmall Hill a little 
 way from us, and flood there menacing 
 and threatning of us, and making a great 
 Noife. At laft one of them came towards 
 us, and the reft fallowed at a diftance. I 
 went out to meet him, and came within 
 50 yards of him, making to him all the 
 Signs of Peace and Friendftiip I could 5 
 but then he ran away, neither would they 
 anyofthemftay for us to come nigh 
 them ^ for we tried two or three times. 
 At laft I took two Men with me, and 
 went in the Afternoon along by the Sea- 
 fide, purpofely to catch one of them, if I 
 could, of whom I might learn where they 
 got their ^refh Water. There were lO 
 or 12 of the Natives a little way off, who 
 feeing us three going away from the reft 
 of our Men, followed us at a diflance. [ 
 thought they would follow us: But there 
 being for a while a Sand-bank between us 
 and them, that they could not then fee us, 
 we made a halt, and hid our felves in a 
 bending of the Sand-bank. They knew 
 we muft be thereabouts, and being 3 or 4 
 times our Number, thought to feize us. 
 5o they difpers'd themfelves, fome going 
 to the Sea-fhore, and others beating about 
 
 M^i 
 
 the 
 
 I. ■'■jrSi-.TJWWl''^^'."-- 
 
 ■ J)'-I^ |it,jl|jWi|jW> 
 
 ■MMMlNiN 
 
i4<5 Ndtk/es of N. Holland. 
 
 An. 1699 tlie Sand-hills. We knew by what Ren- 
 
 ijry^ 
 
 i 
 
 . 
 
 counter we had had with them in the 
 Morning that we could enfily but-run 
 them: So k liitnble young Man that was 
 with me, feeing (bme of them near, ran 
 , towards them ; and they for fome time, 
 ran away before him. But he foon over- 
 taking them, they faced about and fought 
 him. Me had ^ Cutlafs, and they had 
 wooden Lances 5 with which, being ma- 
 ny of them, they were too hard for him. 
 When he firft ran towards them I chas'd 
 two more that were by the Shore : But 
 fearing how it might be with my young 
 Man, I turn'd back quickly, and went up 
 to the top of a Sand hill, whence I faw 
 him near me, clofely engaged with them. 
 Upon their feeing me, one of them threw 
 a Lance at me, that narrowly mifs*d me. 
 f difcharg'd my Gun to fcare them, but 
 avoided (hbbting any of them 5 till finding 
 the young Man in great danger from them, 
 and my (elf in fome 5 ai^! that tho* the 
 Gun had a little frighted them at firft, yet 
 they had foon learnt to defpife it, toffitlg 
 up their Hands, and crying Pooh^ Pooh^ 
 Peoh'^ and coming on afrefli with a great 
 Noife, I thought it high time to charge a- 
 gain, and (hoot one of them, which I did. 
 The reft, feeing him fall, made a ftand 
 again 5 and my young Man took the Op- 
 portunity to difengage himfelf, andcotne 
 
 off 
 
 was 
 
i 
 
 the 
 
 run 
 
 was 
 
 ran 
 
 me, 
 
 ver- 
 
 ight 
 
 had 
 
 ma- 
 
 him. 
 
 has'd 
 
 But 
 
 3ung 
 
 It up 
 
 [ faw 
 
 dem. 
 
 irew 
 
 me. 
 
 but 
 iding 
 hem, 
 
 the 
 
 )ffing 
 
 great 
 ge a- 
 Idid. 
 [ftand 
 ebp- 
 
 off 
 
 Natives ofN. Holland. 147 
 
 ^ff to me 5 my other Man alfo was with ^" '^'99-. 
 me, who had done nothing all this while, ^■^'^^ 
 having come out unarmed 5 and I return'd 
 back with my Men, defigning to attempt 
 the Natives no farther, being very forry 
 for what had happened already. They 
 took up their wounded Companion 5 and 
 my young Man, who had been ftruck 
 through the Cheek by oneof their Lances, 
 was afraid it had been poifon'd ; But 1 did 
 not think that likely. His Wound was 
 very painful to him, being made with a 
 blunt Weapon: But he foon recovered 
 ofit. 
 
 Among the N* HallandSrs^ whom we 
 were thus ciigag'd with, there was one 
 who by his Appearance and Carriage, as 
 well in the Morning as this Afternoon, 
 feem'd to be thechief of them, and a kind 
 of Prince or Captain among them. He 
 was a young brisk Man, not very tall, nor 
 fo perfonable as fome of the reft, tho* more 
 aftive and couragious : He was painted 
 (which none of the reft were at all) with 
 a Circle of white Pafte or Pigment (a fort 
 of Lime,as we thought) about his Eyes, and 
 a white ftreak down his Nofe from his 
 Forehiead to the tip of it. And his Breaft 
 and fome part of his Arms were rlfo made 
 white with the fame Paint ^ not for Beauty 
 or Ornament, one would think, but as 
 fome wild Indidn Warriors arefaid to do,he 
 
 K « feem'd 
 
 r 
 
 i' 
 
14S ,' Natives of N. Holland. 
 
 ^<^>j^ feem*d thereby to defign the looking more 
 ^■'^'^'^^ terrible ^ this his Painting adding very 
 much to his natural Deformity ^ for they 
 al! of them have the moft unpleafant Looks 
 and the word Features of any People that 
 • ever I faw, tho* I have feen great variety 
 of Savages. Thefe New Hollanders were 
 probably the fame fort of People asthofc 
 I met with otf this Coaft in my Fojdge 
 roHftdthe World -^ [See Vol. I. p. 464, C^c.'} 
 for the Place I then touched at was not a- 
 hove 40 or 50 Leagues to the N. E. of this : 
 And thefe were much the (ame blinking 
 Creatures (here being alfo abundance of 
 the fame kind of Fle(h-flies teizing them) 
 and with the fame black Skins, and Hair 
 frizled, tall and thin, &c. as thofe were r 
 But we had not the opportunity to fee 
 whether thefe, as the former, wanted two 
 of their Fore-Teeth. 
 
 We faw a great many places where they 
 had made Fires ; and where there were 
 cpmmonly 3 or 4 Boughs ftuck up to 
 Windward of them ^ for the Wind (which 
 is the Sea breeze) in the day-time blows 
 always one way with them^ and the Land- 
 breeze is but fmall By their Fire-places 
 we (hould always find great heaps of Fifti- 
 fhells, of feveral forts 5 and 'tis probable 
 that thefe poor Creatures here lived chiefly 
 on the Shell-fifli, as thofe I before defcrib'd 
 did on fmall Fi(h» which they caught in 
 
 . .. Wires 
 
 [1 , 
 
fee 
 two 
 
 
 Tides in N. Holland. 1 45? 
 
 Wires or Holes in the Sand at Low- water. ^''- ^^^ 
 Thefe gathered their Sbcll-fini on the^^^ 
 Rocks at Low-water ^ but had no Wires 
 (that we faw)* whereby to get any other 
 forts of Fifh: As among the former J faw 
 not any heaps of Shells as here, though I 
 know they alfo gathered fome SheU-fifti. 
 The Lances alfo of thofe were fuch as thefe 
 had 5 however they being upon an Ifland, 
 with their Women and Children, and all 
 in our Power, they did not there ufe them 
 againft us, as here on the Continent, where 
 we faw none but fome of the Men under 
 He-^d, who come out purpofely to obferve 
 us. We faw no Houfes at either Place 3 
 and I believe tLey have none, fince the for- 
 mer People on the Ifland had none, tho* 
 they had all their Families with them. v 
 
 Upon returning to my Men I faw that 
 tho* they had dug 8 or 9 Foot deep, yet 
 found no Water. So I returned aboard 
 that Evening, and the next day, being 
 September i ft, I fent my Boatfwain albore 
 to dig deeper, and fent the Sain with him 
 to catch Fi(h. While f ftaid aboard I ob- 
 ferved the flowing of the Tide, which 
 runs very fwift here, fo that our Nun-buoy 
 would not bear above the Waterto.be 
 fcen. It flows here (as on that part of 
 N. Holland I defcrib'd formerly) about 5 
 Fathom : And here the Flood runs S. E. 
 by S. till the iaft Quarter 5 then it fets 
 
 L 5 right 
 
1 r^ o Nexv Pajf^ge to the SoHth-Sea. 
 
 ^">^^ right in towards the Shore (which lies 
 ^^^^ here S. S. W. and N. N. E.) and the Ebb 
 runs N. VV. by N. When the Tides 
 llackned we fifh'd with HOok and Line, 
 as we had already done in feveral Places on 
 this Coaft ^ on which in this Voyage hi- 
 therto, we had found but little Tides : But 
 by the Heighth, and Strength, and Courfc 
 of them hereabouts, it (hould feem that if 
 there be fuch a Paffaga or Streight going 
 through Eaftward to the Great SoHth-Sen^ 
 as I faid one might fufpeft, one would ex- 
 
 Eeft to find the Mouth of it fomewhere 
 etween this Place and Rofewary Idand, 
 which was the part of New Holland I come 
 laft from. 
 
 Next Morning my Men came aboard 
 and brought a Rundlet of brackifh Water 
 which they got out of another Well that 
 they dug in a Place a mile off, and about 
 half as far from the Shore ^ but this Water 
 was not fit to drink. However we all 
 concluded that it would ferve to boil our 
 Oatmeal, for Burgoo, whereby we might 
 fave the Remains of our other Water lor 
 drinking, till we fliould get more 5 and ac- 
 cordingly the next day we brought aboard 
 4 Hogiheads of it : But while we were at 
 work about the Well we were fadly peft^ 
 ^r'd with the Flies, which were more 
 troublefome to us than the Sun^ tho* i^ 
 fhonexlear and ftronjg^ujpon usall the whiter 
 
 > I very 
 
lies 
 ;bb 
 
 Plants in N. Holland. 15 1 
 
 very hot. Ajl ithis while we faw no more ;4"- «^99. 
 qf rbe Natives, but faw fome of the -^^^^'^ 
 Sijioaks of fome of their fires at 2 or 3 
 fiiiles diftanpe. 
 
 The Land hereabouts was much like 
 \\\Q part of New HoUafjd that I formerly 
 fdcfcribed [Vol. I. p. 463.] 'tis lovi^, but 
 fecmingly barricado*d wiih a long Chain 
 pf Sand hills to the Sea, that let's nothing 
 ^e fccn of what is farther within Land, 
 At hi;?h Water the Tides rifiijg fo high as 
 thev do, the Coaft (hews very low i^ but 
 when *ris low Water it feems to be of au 
 indifferent hejgjuh. At low Water-marj: 
 the Shore is al) R.ocky, fo that then there 
 is no Landipg with a Boat^ but at hjgJ) 
 Water a Boat may come in over thofe 
 flocks to the Sandy Bay, which runs all 
 ^long on tjhjs Coaft. The Land by the 
 * Sea for about 5 or 600 yards is a dry San- 
 dy Soil, biearipg only Shrubs ajid Bufhe? 
 of djyers fprts. Some of thefe had thenj 
 fit this time of tlie year, yellow Flowers or 
 Ploffpnis, fop^e blue, and fome white ^ • 
 pipftof theiggf a Vjcry fragrant SmelJ. 
 ^me had Frqjt likePeafcbds^ in e^hof 
 j^hicb tharc were ;uft ten fraall Peas : I 
 opened tpany of them, and found no jupre 
 t^or lefe. There are alfo here fome of t\^% 
 fort of Bean which I favv at Rofemnryr 
 Ifland : And another fort of fmall, red, 
 p^rd Pulfe, growing in Cpds alfo^ with 
 
 L 4 little 
 
 in 
 
LTV 
 
 152 Nature of the Land in N. Holland. 
 
 ^99' little black Eyes like Beans. I know not 
 their Names, but have feen them ufed of- 
 ten in the Eaji- Indies for weighing Cold 5 
 and they make the fame ufe of them at 
 Gnifted, as I have heard, where the Wo- 
 men alfo make Bracelets with them to 
 wear about their Arms. Thefe grow on 
 Bu(hes 5 but here are alfo a Fruit like 
 Beans growing on a creeping fort of Shrub- 
 like Vine. There was great plenty of all 
 thefe forts of Cod-fruit growing on the 
 Sand-hills by the Sea -fide, fome of them 
 green, fome ripe, and fome fallen on the 
 Ground : But I could not perceive that any 
 of them had been gathered by the Na- 
 tives 'j and might not probably be whole- 
 fome Food. 
 
 The Land farther in, that is lower than 
 what borders on the Sea, was fo much as 
 we faw of it, very plain and even^ part- 
 ly Savannahs, and partly Woodland. The 
 Savannahs bear a fort of thin courfe Grafs. 
 The Mould is alfo a couffer Sand than 
 that by the Sea-fide, and in fome places 
 'tis Clay Here are a great many Rocks 
 in the large Savannah we were in, which 
 are 5 or 6 Foot high, and round at top 
 like a Hay-cock, very remarkable 3 fome 
 red, and fome white. The Woodland 
 lies farther in (till 5 where there were di- 
 vers forts of fmall Trees, fcarce any three 
 Foot in circumference 5 their Bodies 1 2 or 
 
 14 
 
 »4 
 orBj 
 
 fpecl 
 
 fmal 
 
 Tl 
 
 faw 
 
 or tl 
 
 like 
 
 Skin 
 
 the 
 
ifs. 
 
 Their Beajis^ Fowl and FiJJj. i e 2 
 
 i4Foothigh, with a Head of fmallKnibs ^f- 1^99. 
 or Boughs. By the fides of the Creeks, e* ^'^^'^^^^ 
 fpecially nigh the Sea, there grow a few 
 fmall black Mangrove-Trees. 
 
 There are but few Land-Animals. I 
 faw fome Lizards^ and my Men faw two 
 or three Beafts like hungry Wolves, lean 
 like fo many Skeltons, being nothing but 
 Skin and Bones: Tis probable that it was 
 the Foot of one of thofe Beafts that I 
 mentioned as feen by us in N. HoSafteL 
 ("Vol. I. p. 463.] We faw a Rackotn m 
 two, ana one fmall fpeckled Snake. ^ 
 
 The Land-fowls that we faw here were 
 Crows (juft fuch as ours in EngUnd) 
 fmall Hawks, and Kites 3 a few of each 
 fort : But here are plenty of fmall Turtle- 
 Doves, that are plump, fat'and very go6d 
 Meat. Here are 2 or 3 forts of fmallef 
 Birds, fome as big as Larks, fome lefs ^ 
 but not many of either fort. The Sea- 
 Fowl are Pelicans, Boobies, Noddies, 
 Curlews, Sea-pies, &c. and but few of 
 thefe neither. 
 
 The Sea is plentifully ftockM with the 
 largeft Whales that I ever faw 5 but not to 
 compare with the vaft ones of the Nor^ 
 thern Seas. We faw alfo a great many 
 Oreen Turtle, but caught none 5 here be- 
 ing no place to fet a Turtle-Net in 5 here 
 being no Channel for them, and the Tides 
 tunning fo ftrong, We faw fome Sharks, j 
 
 andi 
 
1^4 ^^ ^« N. HpII^nc^, 
 
 4«ji^5n<J P^rr3GQpt$|i apd with Hooks a^i^* 
 ^■'''^^ Lines we eavight fpm^ RpcJcfifb^ndOl^r 
 Wives. Of Shell-fifli, here were Oyftefft 
 both of the common kind for Ea{:ipg, an4 
 ^f the Pearl kind : And alfo Wi)ks,Copphs, 
 Mnfclcs, Uti^pifis, Perriwinkle^, ^c, grj4 
 I gathered a few ftrange Shells^ chiefly s| 
 fort not large, and th?ck-fet all abouj: wUjIj 
 • Rays or Spikes growing in Rows. 
 
 And thus having ranged ^bout, a con^r 
 der^bje timp, qpon this Coaft, withopt 
 Jpd^g any good fre(h Water, or aqy goht 
 wenient Place to clean the ShJp, a5 1 ha(| 
 |iop*d for : A^ It being iporeovier the 
 iie^^bth of the <|ry Seafon, an4 my Mei^ 
 growing Scor^utifk for want of Rjefrefib- 
 mmXPy fp tl^a* I had Uttte incofUf?gemeft|: 
 to fearch furth^^ I refpjived to feave tl^ifi 
 ^&^, and a^GGprdingJy in the beginning 
 of^^pfpmh^ fetiail towards. Ti^or. 
 
 A 
 
 I 
 
 v:t/f. 
 
 .*j( 
 
 ■ Fij 
 
 pel 
 
 f ■ ! ' ■ ! ' . 
 
 :hi^A/ 
 
 •-.'■iit 
 
 ^111' 
 
 
 
 ! 
 
 f 
 
 ,;ift07p C 
 
 AN 
 
 fiftsoi 
 
 fmall 
 
 Jong, 
 
 them 
 
 pedki 
 
 oottoi 
 
 bout fij 
 
014t 
 
 an4 
 
 efly ^ 
 
 Goniir 
 
 itho^t 
 y com 
 5 1 ha4 
 cr the 
 
 ly Mei^ 
 
 ive thi^ 
 r. 
 
 C/,i 
 
 A« 
 
 
 
 A N 
 
 ACCOUNT 
 
 Of fcveral 
 
 PLANTS 
 
 Colleaedin 
 
 Brafil^ Netp Holland^ Timor^ and 
 Netp Guinea^ referring to the 
 Figures Engifaven on the Cop- 
 per Pl^tc^. , 
 
 AB. I. Fig. I. Comffrjhmn itom 
 
 Baya in Brazil. The Flower coftn 
 fifts of a great many Filaments, alraoft 3A 
 fraall as Hails, betwixt 3 and 4 Inches 
 long, of aNhKrey-colour^ on the top. of 
 themftandfinailafti-colomi'd apices. Tfej^ 
 pedicule of the Ftower is. iuclos'd at the 
 Dottom with fii-e. narrow ftiff Leaves, ar; 
 bout fix Inches long. There \& one of this 
 genus in Mr. R^'s Supplement, which a- 
 
 greofr 
 
 -■•■li 
 
« 
 
 %^6 An Account of Plants. 
 
 An. i^99.grees exaftly with this in every refpeft, 
 ^^^^"^^^ only that is twice larger at the leaft. It 
 was fent from Surindm by the Name of 
 JAoMoo. 
 
 Tab. I. Fig. 2. Jafmlttum Brafilutium 
 Inteum^ mall limonia folio nervofo^ petalis 
 crajjis. 
 
 Tab. I. Fig. 3. Crijla PavomsBrafiliana 
 Bardafi£ fdiis. The Leaves are very 
 tender and like the top Leaves of Barda/ra 
 MAjor^ both as to (hape aud texture : In 
 the Figure they are reprefented too fliff 
 and too much ferrated.: 
 
 Tab. I. Fig. 4. Filix BrAfilianaOfmunda 
 winori ferrMto jolio. This Fern is of that 
 kind, which bears it's Seed-Veffels iri Lines 
 on the edge of the Leaves. 
 
 Tab. 2. Fig. i. R^pHntimt Nov^ Hoi" 
 landi£^ flore magno coccimo. The Pm^tn- 
 thinm composed of five long pointed Parts,, 
 the Form of the Se^d-Veffeland the fmall- 
 nefs of the Seeds, together with the irre-. 
 gular (hape of the Flower ahd thinncfs of 
 the Leaves, argue thi^s Plant to be a iJ^- 
 pintium. 
 
 Tab. 2. Fig. 2. Fueuf faliis CMpillaceh 
 ireviffimis^ vejiculis minimii dondtis. This 
 ckgant fucus is of the BricM Marina or 
 Sargazo kind, but has much finer parts 
 than that. It was collefled on this Goaft 
 of Hm Holland. i 
 
 I 
 
 \^a.ntjfc 
 
 TaK 
 
fpeft, 
 \. It 
 me of 
 
 fetalis 
 
 'Jiliafta 
 very 
 ardand 
 •e : In 
 oofliff 
 
 • 
 
 of that 
 n Lines 
 
 J Parts,, 
 B fmall- 
 he irre- 
 incfs of 
 ea Ra- 
 
 pillaceh 
 '. This 
 trind or 
 er parts 
 is Goaft 
 
 Tab. 
 
 Ai^. 
 
 
 in 3i'a,/lt 
 
 I 
 
ju 
 
 ~\i 
 
 V 
 
 I If. 
 
 " 
 
 z . 
 
i 
 
 l^antj Jvund in Js^u^ ^^^lla.nd . 
 
 
 
Afi Account of Flams. 157 
 
 Tab. 2. Fig. 2. Ricwoides Novt UoU^^* '^>9< 
 idfiie Afigulofo cTdjfo folio. This Plant is ^'^^'^ 
 (hrubby, has thick woolly Leaves, efpeci- 
 aliy or. :he under fide. Its Fruit is tricoc- 
 coas, hoary on the out-fide with a Calix 
 divided into five parts. It comes near 
 Ricim fruStn parva frncofa CnrdJlfavied^ 
 folio Phyin, P. B. pr. 
 
 Tab. 2. Figc 2. Solanum fpinofum Nov£ 
 HolUftdia Phylli foliis fubrotuvdis. This 
 new SoUnum bears a blewilh Flower like 
 the others of the (amc Tribe 5 the Leaves 
 are of a whitifti colour, thick and woolly 
 on both fides, fcarce an Inch long and near 
 as broad. The Thorns are very (harp and 
 thick fet, of a deep Orange colour, efpe- 
 ciallv towards the Points. 
 
 Tab. 3. Fig. i. Scabiofa (forte) Nov^ 
 Hallandi<e^ jlatices foliis fubtus argettteis. 
 The Flower flaiids on a Foot-ftalk four 
 Inches long, included in a rough Cali^ of 
 a yellowifti colour. The Leaves are not 
 above an Inch long, very narrow like 
 Thrift, green on the upper and hoary on 
 the under fide, growing in Tufts. Whe- 
 ther this Plant be a Scabious ^ Thrift or 
 Hclichryfum is hard to judge from the im- 
 pcrfeft Flower of the dry *d Specimen. 
 
 Tab. 3. F'g. 2. Alced Nova Hollandi(e 
 foliis augufiis ntrinqne villofis. The Lea ves» 
 Stalk,and under fide of the Perianthium of 
 this P)ant are all woolly. The Petala are 
 
 very 
 
158 An Account of Plants. 
 
 ^!>\P^ very render, five in number,fcarce (o large 
 
 ^'^ as the Calix ; In tl.'c middle ftandsa Ci7/«. 
 
 McUa thick fet with thrurpmy ^f/V«/<f, which 
 
 argue this Plant to belong to the Malvacc- 
 
 ous kind. 
 
 Tab. 5. Fig. 3. Of what Gefju\ thif 
 Shrub or Tree is, is uncertain, agreeing 
 with none yet defcribed, as far as can be 
 judg'd by the State it is in. It has a very 
 beautiful Flower, of a red colour, as far as 
 can be guefs'd by the dry Specimen^ con- 
 fiding of ten large Petal a, hoary on both 
 fides, efpecially underneath 5 the middle 
 of the Flower is thick fet with Stumina^ 
 which are woolly at the bottom, the 
 length of tlie Petala, each of them crown'd 
 with its Jpex. The Calix is divided inta 
 five round pointed parts. The Leaves are 
 like thofe of AnteUftchier Lob, green a top 
 and very woolly underneath, not running 
 to A point, as is common in others, but 
 with an Indenture at the upper end. 
 
 Tab. 5. Fig. 4.. Dammar a axNova-Hol^ 
 landU^ Sanamttffd^ fecund^ Chyfii folik. 
 This new GetiMi was firft fcnt from Am-i, 
 toyna by Mr. Rnmfhius^ by the name of 
 JDammara^ of which he tranfmitted two 
 kinds 5 one with narrow and long ftifF 
 Leaves, the other with (horter and broad- 
 er. The firft of them is mentioned in 
 Mr. Petivers Centnria^ p. 350. by the 
 name of Arhr Hortenfis Javanornm folik 
 
 Vffctt 
 
fo large 
 ; a CoIh' 
 ?, which 
 lalvacc- 
 
 w^ this 
 greeing 
 can be 
 a very 
 IS far as 
 S con- 
 ►n both 
 middle 
 
 ti, the 
 rown'd 
 pd into 
 ves are 
 1 a top 
 jnning 
 5, but 
 
 a-Hol* 
 
 1 Ami 
 me of 
 d two 
 ftifF 
 )road- 
 I'd in 
 the 
 ^folik 
 vifctt 
 
 Ajt Account of Vlatjts, 15^ 
 
 vlfce amufiioribtH aromatick floribusjpiattis ^n. 1 699, 
 flamimislutefcentihfis'^ Muf. Pet. As alfo ^'^'^^'^^ 
 in Mr. R^ys Supplement to his Hiftory of 
 Plants now in the Prefs. This is of the fame 
 gertffs with them, agreeing both in Flower* 
 and Fruit, tho* very much differing in 
 Leaves. The Flowers are ftamineous and 
 feem to be of an herbaceous colour, groov- 
 ing among the Leaves, which are Ihort 
 and almoft round, very ftiifahd ribb'don 
 the under fide, of a dark green above^ attfl 
 a pale colour underneath, thick fet on by 
 pah-s, arifwering one aiidther trofs-ways, 
 to that they cover the Stalk, The Fruit 
 is as big as a Pepper-corn, almoft roiind, . 
 of a whitifh colour^ dry ahd tough, with 
 a hole on the top, containing fmall Seeds, 
 Atty oiie that fees this Plant withr^ut its 
 Seed-Veffels, would take it for an EricA 
 or SAtiamnnda, The LeaVes of this Plant 
 are of a very aromatick Tafte. 
 
 Tab, 4. Fig. I. Equifetum Nov£ Hot* 
 latidiie frnUfctus foliis lofrgijjzfms. 'Tis 
 doubtful whether this be an EqnifetufA or 
 not 5 the texture of the Leaves agrees beflr 
 with that ge^^ of any, being articulated 
 one within another at each Joint, which 
 is only proper to this Tribe. The longefl: 
 of them are aoout nine Inches. 
 
 Tab. 4. Fig. 2. Cohttea Novie Hollandi^ 
 
 florihfs af^ptis coccifieis^ umbcUaiiht dijpofitis 
 
 htacuU pHirpHrea notatis. There being na 
 
 Leu ves to this Plant, 'tis hard to fay what 
 
 genm 
 
i6o 
 
 An Account of Plants. 
 
 ^J\i^^ g^n»9 It properly belongs to. The Flow- 
 
 Barba Ji 
 
 ers are very i!KclotlieC£>//y/e4 Dart?£ jovts 
 folio jiore coccineo Breyptii 5 of the fame 
 Scarlet Colour, with a large deep Purple 
 . Spot in the vexUlum^ but much bigger, 
 coming all from the fame Point after the 
 manner of an Umbel. The rudiment of 
 the Pod is very woolly, and terminates in 
 a Filament near two Inches long. 
 
 Tab. 4, Fig. 3. Conyza Nova HollandU 
 Mnguflis Rorifmarim foliis. This Plant is 
 very much branch'd and feems to be 
 woody. The Flowers ftand on very ftiort 
 Pedicules, arifing from the Jinus of the 
 Leaves, which are exaftly like Rofemarj^ 
 only lefs. It taftes very bitter now dry. 
 
 Tab. 4. Fig. 4. Mohoh InfnU Timor. 
 This is a very odd Plant, agreeing with 
 no defcrib*d genus. The Leaf is almoft 
 round, green on the upper fide and whi- 
 tifti underneath, with feveral Fibres run- 
 ning from the infcrtion of the Pedicule 
 towards the circumference *tis umbilicated 
 as Cotyledon aquaticd and Fabd JEgyptia, 
 The Flowers are white ftanding on fingle 
 Foot-ftalks, of the (hape of a Strdmonium^ 
 but divided into four points only, as is the 
 PeriMnthinm, 
 
 Tab. 5. Fig. i. Fucuf ex Nova Guineof 
 uvd marind diSuf^ foliis variis. This 
 beautiful fucus is thick fet with very fmall 
 iiorc .tufts Qf Leaves, which by the help 
 
 of 
 
 w 
 
 ^ 
 
 .? 
 
; FJow- 
 
 y£ Jovis 
 
 ? fame 
 Purple 
 bigger, 
 fter the 
 nent of 
 nates in 
 
 )lla9tdi£ 
 Plant is 
 > to be 
 ry (hort 
 of the 
 
 w dry. 
 
 Timor, 
 [ig with 
 » almofl: 
 id whi- 
 res run- 
 aedicule 
 ilicated 
 Ugyptid. 
 n (ingle 
 nonium^ 
 as is the 
 
 Guinea! 
 
 This 
 
 ry fmall 
 
 :h« help 
 
 of 
 
 jTitl*. 
 
 'S±: 
 
 Jp/antj ivund nt J^u^ JjCvllund SC Timor 
 
'(■ 
 
^ — • — ■- — — - - -I ^ — ■■-■ I ■■ — ....,, ■ „ , - ,. — — — - ■ 
 
 jfVantj -found, in. v S^a, neer , , . .PVi«^ ^ utne.u, 
 
 ^t ( 
 
 
 agre( 
 

 y^' 
 
 f 
 
 &S^y^ ,"]; 
 
 
 An Account of Plants. 
 
 of a magnifying Glafs, fcem to be round 
 and articulated, as if the/ were Seed-Vef- 
 fels 5 befides thefe, there ate other broad 
 Leaves, chiefly at the extremity of the 
 Branches, ferrated on the edges. The 
 veficuU are rbund, of the bignefs exprefs'd 
 in the Figure, 
 
 Tab. $. Fig. 2. Fucus ex Nova Gnhtea 
 Flnvtatilk Pt/aȣ jf. B, fotiis, Thefe 
 Plants are fo ape to vary in tlieir Leaves, 
 accordingto their different Statts, that *tis 
 hard to fay this is diftinft from the laft* 
 It has in feveral Places (not all exprefs'd 
 in the Figure) forae of the fmall fliort 
 Leaves, or Seed-Vcffels mentioned in the 
 former^ which makes me apt to believe it 
 the fame, gather'd in a different State 5 be- 
 fides the broad Leaves of that and this 
 agree as to their Shape and Indentures* 
 
 Ani 
 
 161 
 
 <..4' 
 
I 62 
 
 m 
 
 w 
 
 An Account of fome Fijhes that are 
 Figured in Plate 2. & 3. 
 
 See Plate 5. Fig, 5. 
 
 THis is a Fi(h of the Tunny-kind, and 
 agrees well enough with the Fi- 
 gure in Tab. 3. of the. Appendix to Mr. 
 Willughbys Hiftory of Fiihes under the 
 Name of GurahHca ^ it differs fomething, 
 in the Fins efpecially, from Prfo's Figure 
 of the GnurMpHCH, 
 
 See Plate 3. Figure 4. 
 This refembles the Figure of the Gfta- 
 perva waxima candata in WiUughhys Ich* 
 thyoL Tab. 9. 23. and the Guaparva of 
 P//3, but does not anfwer their Figures in 
 every particular. 
 
 See Plate 2. Figure 2. 
 There are 2 forts of Porpujfes: The one 
 the long-fnouted Porpufs, as the Seamen 
 call it^ and this is the Dolphin oi thcGreeks. 
 The other is theBottle-nofe Porpufs, which 
 is generally thought to be the Phoscena of 
 Ariftotle. 
 
 Plate 2. Figure 7. 
 ^ This is the Guaracapema of Pifo and 
 Marcgrave^ by others called the Dorado. 
 Tis Figured in Wil/ughb/s Ichthyol. Tab. 
 O. t. under the Name of Delpkin Belgk. 
 
 THE 
 
 I 
 
 An 
 
 2. 
 
 Bahal 
 
 boi 
 
t are 
 
 i, and 
 he Fi- 
 toMr. 
 the 
 
 THE 
 
 er 
 
 ithing. 
 Figure 
 
 e Gud- 
 is Ich* 
 arvd of 
 
 jures in 
 
 he one 
 Seamen 
 * Greeks, 
 which 
 fsccna of 
 
 Hfo and 
 
 ol. Tab. 
 Belgfs. 
 
 THE 
 
 INDEX: 
 
 A; 
 
 ALlcgrance, one of the Canary JJldtidsl 
 Pag. 4. Hs View from fever/l 
 
 Points^ ibid. 
 
 Amphisbasna (" Snake) defcribed, 77 
 
 Amplitude 5 Difference between the Morning 
 
 and Evening Amplitude^ 94 
 
 Arifah (Fruit) defcribea. 69 
 
 An Account of fet/eral Plants col/eifed in 
 
 Brafil, New Holland, Timor, and New 
 
 Guinea, referring to the Figures Tab. i,' 
 
 2, ^, 4» 5. ^ ^. 155 
 
 An Account offome Fijhes that's Figured on 
 
 Plate 2. & 3. 
 
 3. 
 
 Baha de todos los Santos in Brafil, itsHar^ 
 hour 4nd Town dejcrih*d^ 49, &c. 
 
 M 2 The 
 
 » 
 
» 
 
 The INDEX. 
 
 The Prodft^ and Trade of the Coufilrj^ 5 5 
 
 Their Shipping And Timber^ 58 
 
 The Soil and truit of the Count rj^ 6 2 , &c. 
 
 The Winds and Seafons, ^ 86 
 
 The time of cutting Sugar-canes^ 87 
 
 Its view from fever al Points^ 48 
 
 Bill- Bird deft ri bed, 74 
 
 Birds t?/N. Holland, 122, 125 
 
 hhk^y funk the Spanijh Galleons near Tene- 
 
 • vifFe, 5 
 
 Brafil, the Vieiv of its Coajl, 47 
 
 Sec Bahia. 
 Britain (New) an TJIand dijcovered by the 
 Author^ well-inhabited^ and probably af- 
 fording rich Commodities^ Preface 
 Bubbles likefmall Pearl fwimming thick in 
 the Sed, 114 
 
 C. 
 
 Cables made of a fort of Hair growing on 
 Trees in Brafil, 57, ^4 
 
 Callavances, a Fruit i> Mayo, 25 
 
 Candiry-Jjlands, their ProduS and Trade, 1 1 
 The CharaSer of their prefent Gover- 
 nor, 11,12 
 
 Cape of Good Hope, its Vievp from feveral 
 Points, 4^ 
 
 Cafhew (Fruit) defcribed, 68 
 
 Channel (Englijh) a necejfary Caution to 
 thofe that Sail through it, 3 
 
 Chattcring:Crow of Brafil defcribed, 73 
 
 Clocking- 
 
 CI. 
 Co 
 
 Co 
 
 Crt 
 Cui 
 Cur 
 Cur 
 L 
 Curi 
 Cuft 
 
 Cute 
 
 Dene 
 Dogi 
 Dun! 
 
 Fift 
 Fifli 
 
55 
 
 58 
 ,&c. 
 
 86 
 
 87 
 48 
 
 74 
 123 
 
 Fene- 
 
 5 
 
 47 
 
 ^reface 
 hick in 
 114 
 
 vifig on 
 
 57, 64 
 23 
 (f<je, II 
 Govef' 
 II, 12 
 ! fever d 
 
 4^ 
 
 68 
 
 ttion to 
 
 3 
 
 I 73 
 ocking- 
 
 The INDEX. 
 
 Clocking-Hens oj Brafil, 74 
 
 Coco Nftt Tree in Brafil, 64 
 
 Cotton fiyi/O if s growth and defcription^ 
 
 21, 22, 65 
 Crufia, 4 Ji?a?/, 25 
 
 Curlew, a Fowl, 33 
 
 Qurrecoo (Bird) defer ibed 75 
 
 Currents /» tbe Sea, from 7deg. 50 rain. 
 Lar. to 5 deg. 22 min. N. 41 
 
 Currefo (f£/WJ 74 
 
 Cuftard- Apple, defcrihed 33 
 
 Cuttle-iT/^, ;. ^ Plate I. Fig. 3. 
 
 D. 
 
 Dendees, a fort of Palm berries in Brafil , 7 1 
 
 Dogs, y?e Water-Dogs. 
 
 Dunghill fW/^/ Brafil, y6 
 
 \F, 
 
 Fi(h^/N. Holland, 124, 125 
 
 Fifti of the Tunny-kind, an account of, 
 
 162 
 Fifli called hy the Seamen the Old- Wife, an 
 
 account of, 162 
 
 Fkmingo, a Fowl, 23 
 
 Flying-Fifli, betwixt the Canaries and C. 
 
 Vcrd-Jflandfy 14 
 
 Frape-Boat, its ufe at th^ Salt-Pond at 
 
 Mayo, i8, &c. 
 
 M 3 G. 
 
The INDEX, 
 
 CalleoaPintada, aBird^ defcrtb'd. 23, &c. 
 
 Galleons (Spanijh) funk by Admiral Blake, 
 
 ?fear TenerifF, and continue fiill there 
 
 Cerret-Dcnnis- j[/7e,iV J Inhabitants defcribed^ 
 
 Preface 
 Guano fBe^y^J (?/N. Holland, 123 
 
 Guinea.jHe«/, fee Gallena Pintada. 
 Guinea (New) its Natives^ &c. Pref. 
 
 H. 
 
 Hammocks 5 Gentlemen carried about in them 
 
 at Bahia in Brafil, 59 
 
 HoWdiViA Q!iQVf) Coafl defcribed^ 121, &c. 
 
 132, &c. 137 
 
 Its Natives defcribed^ 145, &c. 
 
 Views of feveral Parts of its Coafis and 
 
 Iflands from feveral PointSy II7 
 
 I. 
 
 Jago (St.) I/land and Town, 
 
 Its Inhabitants^ 
 
 ItsProduH, 
 
 Its Animals, 
 
 Its Road a very bad one. 
 
 Its View^ 
 Jenet^ (Bird) defcribed. 
 
 99, &c. 
 
 3« 
 33, &c 
 
 35, &c. 
 
 3« 
 
 ■4 
 
 74 
 Jcni- 
 
»Iake, 
 there 
 
 rited, 
 
 •eface 
 
 123 
 
 Pref. 
 
 nthem 
 
 59 
 
 , &c. 
 
 C.137 
 5, &a 
 
 hdnA 
 117 
 
 9,8cc. 
 5,&c. 
 
 36 
 
 74 
 Jeni- 
 
 The I N D E X. 
 
 Jenipah, or Jenipapah (Fruit) defcribed, 
 
 68 
 Ingwa (Fruit) defcribed^ 
 
 70 
 
 L. 
 
 Laguna in TencrifF, defcribed^ 7 
 
 Lancerota, one of the Canary-)/74i;<^^, 4 
 
 /// Vievp from fever al Points^ ibid. 
 
 M. 
 
 Mackcraw (Bird) defcribed^ 73 
 
 MilmfQy-Wine grom in the Jflund Tcne- 
 
 rifF, 9> I'- 
 
 Mayo, one ofC, Verd Iflands^ its View, 14 
 
 /// Defcription^ i $ 
 
 A large Account of the making Salt there^ 
 
 16, &c. 
 Its Soil and Produif^ i i , &c. 
 
 /// Inhabitants^ 27 
 
 Its View from feveral Points^ 14 
 
 Mendibee (Fruit) 72 
 
 Meri^afah (Fruit) defcribed, 69 
 
 Miniola, aF&ppl^ 25 
 
 Monk-Pi/&, 141 
 
 Muckiftiaw (Fruit) defcribed, lo 
 
 Mungaroo (Fruit) defcribed^ lo 
 Mufteran-de-ova (fr»i/) defcrikd, 7 ' 
 
 M4 
 
 N. 
 
The I N D E X 
 
 N. 
 
 Noddy-B/W defcribed, 142 
 
 Hoxth'W Q{i-Winds give Notice before-hand 
 
 of their coming, at Port Oratavia in Te- 
 
 neriff, and how provided againft^ 9» ^^ 
 
 O 
 
 Oratavia, a Port in TenerifF, 
 Otee (Fruit) defcribedy 
 
 4» 9 
 70 
 
 Palm-Berries in Brafil, 7^ 
 
 Papah, a Fruit defcribed, * 34 
 
 Paffage poffibly to the South of New Hol- 
 land and New Guinea into the great South 
 Sea Eaftward, I3S> 'S^ 
 
 Pernambuc more Healthy than other Places 
 
 to the Southward^ 
 Petango (Fruit) defcribed^ 
 Petrel (Bird) dejcribed 
 Petumbo (Fruit) defcribed 
 Phyfick-Nuts 
 Pineon (Fruit) 
 Pintadp Bird defcribed 
 Plants, an account ofthem^ 
 
 41 
 
 97 
 
 70 
 
 71 
 Ibid 
 
 95, 96 
 155 
 
 Plants Engraven on Copper;^ Tab. i, 2, 3, 
 4> 5. 
 
 Plants 
 
142 
 
 ■htutd 
 » Te- 
 
 9,10 
 
 4. 9 
 70 
 
 71 
 
 ■ 34 
 
 ! <&»//& 
 , 150 
 Places 
 
 4» 
 
 7G 
 
 97 
 
 70 
 
 71 
 Ibid 
 
 5, 96 
 
 »55 
 
 2, 3, 
 
 Plants 
 
 I 
 
 The I N D E X. 
 
 Plants (jfNew Holland, 1 5 r 
 
 Porpufles, Pag. 162 and Figured in Plate 2 
 
 of Fijhes^ 
 Portugueze Civil to the Author, 4c; 
 
 Rabek, a Fowl, 
 
 Raccoon of New Flolland, 
 
 flemora (Piflj) Plate 11. Fig. 6. 
 
 Rofemary-iyz^W in N. Holland, 
 
 The Plant refcmbling Rofemary, from 
 which the Author gives this Name to the 
 IJland^ is Figured Tab. 4. N\ 3. 
 
 25 
 
 138 
 
 Salt, a large Account of the Method of Ma- 
 king it at Mayo, 16, 8cc. 
 
 Salt-Ponds at Mayo, kern only in the dry 
 Seafon^ and others in the Weft-Indies in 
 the wet only, 1 7 
 
 Santa-Cruz in TenerifF, its Road^ Town and 
 Harbour defcrihed, 4, 5 
 
 Seamen in ^r eat Danget ofSicknefs, hynegr 
 le&ing to fiift their wet Cloaths in hot 
 Countries^ 43 
 
 Their Ignorance and Ohjlinacy^ a great l/n- 
 pediment in long Voyas^es^ 45, 85, 8i^ 
 87, 88. 
 
 Sea-Weeds, fee Weeds. 
 
 Shark ^/N. Holland defcribed, \2% 
 
 Sharks-Bay in N. }\o\hxi^ defcvibed, 121, 
 
 125, 127. 
 Shear- 
 
The I N D E X. 
 
 Shear- Water (Bird) defcribed^ 95 
 
 Ship (the Anthers) fonftdred at Sea^ Pref. 
 Ship of$o GiMs hniU at Brafil, 58 
 
 Skip-jack (Vijh) defcrikd^ 1 1 5 
 
 Snake, fee Watcr-Snakc, attd Amphif* 
 baena. 
 
 Sonr-fop (Fruit) dcfcrihed^ 67 
 
 Sugar, the way of refining it in Brafil with 
 
 cuyy 5 J 
 
 T. 
 
 Ta^mn-is Dranght re&ified^ 1^6 
 
 TenerifFe, 4 
 
 Jts Wines and Fruits and Animals^ 9> 10 
 
 Its N. W. view, 4 
 
 Timber at Brafil as good and more dnrabfe 
 
 than any in Europe 58 
 
 Timor, Preface 
 
 Trees ^/N. Holland, 122 
 
 Turtle, lay their Eggs in the wet Seafon, 26 
 
 Why not eaten by the Spaniards, as by the 
 
 Englilh, 81 
 
 Turtle-Doves ^/Brafil, 74 
 
 U. 
 
 Variation, when it increafed in Sailing Eafi- 
 
 Where it decreafed in Sailing Eajierly^ 97 
 
 Its nncertainty, and the difficuUy of ta- 
 
 iing it^ 99, 100, &c. 
 
 A 
 
93 
 ref. 
 
 hif. 
 
 55 
 
 The I N D E X. 
 
 A large Table of Variations ohferved in 
 this Vojage^ 102, 8cc, 
 
 W. 
 
 Water-Dog of Brafil, 79, 80 
 
 Water-Snake of Brafil, its wondtrful man- 
 ner of catching its Frey^ 79 
 0/N. Holland, 129, 134 
 Weeds floating in the Sea^ 14, 97, 1 14, 1 1 j 
 Whales (dead) eaten by Fawls^ 94 
 Whales, the catching and ufe of them in 
 Brafil, 57, 58 
 Whales tf/N. Holland, 131 
 Winds uncertain near the LinCf 42 
 
 Y. 
 
 Yemma (Bird) defcribed. 
 
 73 
 
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