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Canadian CoIUgiah (S^hum.
P. OVIDII NASONIS
HEROIDES.
EPIST. V. XIII.
WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES.
TORONTO :
WILLING & WILLIAMSON.
1880.
Entered according to Act of Parliament of Canada in the year
one thousand eight hundred and eighty, by
WILLING & WILLIAMSON,
In the Office c* the Minister of Agriculture.
i»
I»
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
Introduction ...
Epist. V
!•• ••# ••• ••• ••■ X
Epist. XIII.
)•• ••• •«• ••• ••■ f
Notes . . .
• • • ■ • •
• • « • 4
1^
!•• •«• ••• Xv
i*
INTRODUCTION
rir'
LIFE AND WORKS OF OVID.
Publius OvidiHs Naso was bom on the 20th of March (the
•second day of the * ^^uinquatria'), 43 B.€., the year in which
the battles fought against Antony under the walls of 'Modciia
proved fatal to Hirthis and Pansa, in which the secoml
triumvirate was formed, and in which Cicero perished. 11 jc
place of his nativity was Suhno (Sulmone), a town in tic
<jold moist hills of the Peligni, one of the Sabine cIpi'f,
situated at a short distance to the S.E. of Corfinium, aboi.t
ninety niles from Eome. His father was of an ancient
equestrian family, and Publius was the second son, his ehk r
brother being exactly twelve months his senior. They
were both brought up at Rome, their education was superin-
tended by the most distinguished masters, and at tlje iisirni
period each assumed tiie manly gown. The elder, a youth
of great promise, devoted himself with zeal to the study of
eloquence, but his career w^as short, for he died in his
twenty-first year.
Publius repaired to Athens for the purpose of finis] dig
his studies ; at this or some subsequent period he visited,
in the train of Macer, the gorgeous cities of Asia, and oji
his return home passed nearly a year in Sicily. From a
very early period he had displayed a decided taste for y>oct-
ical composition. He soon manifested a rooted aversion
to the jarring contentions of the forum, and, notwith-
standing the remonstrances of his father, gradually abar-
doned public life, and devoted himself exclusively to tlic
cultivation of the muses. When a very young man he
exercised the functions of triumvir, decemvir, centum vir,
and judicial arbiter, but never attempted to rise to any of
the higher offices of state, which would have entitled him
to the rank and privileges of a senator.
He was married three times. His first wife, whom he
wedded while still almost a boy, he describes as unworthy
4
VI
INTRODUCTION.
of his affection ; his second was of blameless character, Imt
from her also he was soon divorced. One of these two
ladies, we know not which, beloncred to the Etrurian tribe,
whoiae chief town was Falerii (Santa Maria di Faleri). His
third wife was of the noble Fabian family. To her he was
deeply attached, and she remained fond and trne to the last,
supporting him by her faithful affection during the mis-
fortunes which darkened the close of his life.
For a long period fortune had smiled steadily upon Ovid.
He was now upwards of fifty years old ; the greater part of
this time he had spent at Rome, in ease, tranquillity, and
happiness. His time was com])letely at his own disposal,
and he could devote what portion of it he pleased to his
favourite pursuits ; his works were universally popular ;
he was the companion and friend of all the great political
and literary chai-acters of that brilliant epoch ; he enjoyed
the favour and patronage of the Emperor himself. But he
was not destined to end his days in peace. Towards the
end of A.D. 8 an order was suddenly conveyed to him from
Augustus, commanding that he should instantly quit the
metropolis, and fix his residence at Tomi, a colony planted
among the Getae, in the midst of barbarous and hostile
tribes, on the bleak shores of the Euxine, near the mouth of
the Danube. To hear was to obey. Paralysed by grief, he
tore himself from the arms of his afflicted wife, and set
forth in the dead of winter for the place of his destination
which he reached the following spring.
The cause of this banishment is a problem which has
excited the curiosity and exercised the ingenuity of learned
men ever since the revival of letters, but it is one which our
present sources of knowledge do not enable us to solve.
The ostensible reason was the immoral tendency of the
Ars Amatoria, but the most probable is that he had become
accidentally acquainted with some of the intrigues of Julia,
the profligate granddaughter of the Emperor, whose well-
known sensibility in all matters affecting the honour of his
family rendered him unable to tolerate the presence of a
man who had been an eye-witness to the infamy of one of
its members.
4
INTRODUCTION,
Vll
i.
Ninety-six poems in Elegiac verse serve as a sad chronicle
of the sufferings he endured during his journey, and while
in exile. They exhibit a melancholy picture of the mentnl
prostration of the gay, witty, voluptuous Roman, suddenly
8nat<?hed from the midst of the most polished society of the
age, from the exciting pleasures of the capital of the world,
from the charms of a delicious climate, and abandoned to
his own resources among a horde of rude soldier peasants,
in a remote half-civilized frontier garrison, beneath a Scy-
thian sky. Notwithstanding the exertions of many and
powerful friends ; notwithstanding the expostulations, en-
treaties, prayers, and servile abasement of the unfortunate
victim, Augustus and his successor Tiberius remained alike
inexorable, and Ovid died of a broken heart in the sixtieth
year of his age, and in the tenth of his banishment.
The following list contains all the works usually attributed
to Ovid now extant, arranged in the order in which they
were composed, in so far as this can be ascertained. Doubts
have been entertained with regard to the three last of the
series, numbered IX., X., XI., but they are generally re-
ceived as authentic : —
I. Heroides. A collection of twenty-one letters in Ele-
giac verse, feigned to have been written by ladies or chiefs
in the Heroic age to the absent objects of their love. Doubts
have been entertained by some critics, but without good
reason, of the genuineness of the last six of these ; others
confine their suspicions to the seventeenth, nineteenth, and
twenty-first ; while a third party object to the fifteenth
alone. The pieces rejected are attributed to Aulus Sabinus,
a contemporary poet, the author of several epistles in
answer to those composed by Ovid, three of which have
been preserved, and are frequently appended to complete
editions of the works of the latter.
n. Amores, v. Libri Amonim. Forty nine elegies,
chiefly upon amatory subjects, originally divided by the
poet into five books, but subsequently reduced by himself
to three.
Vlll
INTROUUCTION.
III. Ars Amatoria. A didactic poem in Elegiac verse.
IV. Bemedia Amoris. A didactic poem in Elegiac
verse. It was written 1 B.C. or A.D. 1, for in v. 155 ho
speaks of the campaigns of Cains Csesar as actually in
progress.
V. MetaTXlorphoseon Libri XV. An extensive collec-
tion, in fifteen books, of the most remarkable fables of
ancient mythology, which involved a transformation of
shape, extending in a continuous series from Chaos down
to the death of Julius Csesar. The metre employed is the
Dactylic Hexameter. This work had not received its last
polish when its author was driven into exile. In the bitter-
ness of his heart he committed this and several other com-
positions to the flames, but copies had fortunately been
already circulated among his friends, and their destruction
was thus prevented.
VI. Fastorum Libri VI. An exposition in Elegiac
verse of the numerous fes.tivals in the Roman Calendar,
containing a detailed description of the various ceremonies,
together with historical and antiquarian investigations re-
garding their origin. The holy-days are enumerated, in
succession, from the beginninc; of the year, a book being
devoted to each month. Of these, six are extant, com-
mencing with January and ending with June. This was
one of the compositions which was unfinished at the time
of Ovid's banishment ; he intended to have carried it on
through the whole year, although there is no reason to
believe that he ever completed his design.
VII. VIII. Tristium Libri V., Epistolarum ex
PontO Libri IV. The former a collection of fifty elegies,
in five books ; the latter of forty-six elegies, in four books.
The whole of these were produced at Tomi, with the ex-
ception of those forming the first book of the Tristia, which
appear to have been written on the journey thither. They
are entirely occupied with the lamentations of the poet over
his sad destiny, a description of the sufferings he endured,
and supplications for a remission of his Fentence. The
1
I
li
INTF?UUCTIUN.
ix
Epistolae ex Poiito are addressed to diffi'rent individuals,
for the most part persons residing nt Eoine and connected
with the Court, who are implored to use their good otfices
with the Emperor and the difl'erent members of the royal
family.
IX. Ibis. Six hundred and forty-six lines in Elegiac
verse, consisting of a series of maledictions poured forth
against an enemy whose name is concealed, written immedi-
ately after the banishment of the poet, as we learn from the
commencement,
* Tempus ad hoc, lustris iam bis mihi quinque peractis,
Omne fuit Musae carmen inerme meae.'
It is an imitation of a lost poem by Callimachus, directed
against Apollonius of Rhodes, and bearing the same title.
The origin of the appellation is unknown.
X. Halieuticon Liber. A mutilated fragment, in Hex-
ameter verse, of a Natural History of Fishes. One hundred
and thirty-two lines only have been preserved.
XI Medicamina Faciei. Anotherfragment, in Elegiac
verse, of a didactic poem on the composition and use of cos-
metics. Of this one hundred lines remain.
Two other pieces are frequently found in MSS. of Ovid,
but the best critics are of opinion that both must be attri-
buted to some other author or authors. The first of these,
*Consolatio ad Liviam Augustam,' is a sort of dirge on the
Death of Drusus, who perished in Germany, 9 B.C. It is
in Elegiac verse, and extends to four hundred and seventy-
four lines. The other, also in Elegiac verse, and containing
one hundred and eighty-two lines, is entitled • Nux,' and is
a lamentation poured forth by a walnut-tree on account of
the indignities offered to it by travellers and passers by,
followed up by a declamation against the avarice and pro-
fligacy of the age in general.
Ovid in early life cultivated dramatic literature, and, it
would seem, with marked success, for his tragedy * Medea '
is highly extolled by Quinctilian.
if
X INTRODUCTION.
The metre in which the Heroides is composed is the so-
called Elegiac couplet, that is, a Hexameter, or ordinary-
Heroic line (like that of Virgil's jEneid), followed by a
Dactylic Pentameter, which was hardly ever used but in con-
nection with the Hexameter. The following is a scheme of
the present way of scanning the Elegiac couplet :
(2) - _-:^ I - _-:l. I - II - I - ^_ I :=:
An older way of scanning the Pentameter was :
■*''
"*'* ■
i
«.
\
N,
i
-"
'
t
■
»2
■*,
that is, with a Spondee in the middle followed by two
Anapajsts.
1. The Hexameter consists of six feet, of wh.^h the fifth
is a Dactyl, the sixth a Spondee, while the first four may
be Dactyls or Spondnes. Licenses of any kind are but
sparingly admitted in the Hexameter of this couplet.
2. The Dactylic Pentameter, as usually scanned, consists
of two members separated by the Penthemimeral pausp.
The first m'^mber has two feet — Dactyls or Spondees — fol-
lowed by a long syllable ; the second member is made up
of two Dactyls followed by a syllable, which, whether long
cr short., is considered long.
Ovid, who presents the best -nod els of Elegiac verst,
usually observes tie following, amorg other rules :
{a) if the sense overflow the limits of the Hexameter,
and be completed in the first word of the Pentamet.^r, then
the first foot of this hitter should be a Dactyl.
(b) Elisions shoild be sparingly employed,
(c) Each couplet should make sense by itself.
V.
INTKODUCTION.
XI
(d) The Pentameter should end in a diesyllable, which
should be some emphatic part of speech.
(e) The last syllable, if short, should end in a consonant.
(/) If the last syllable of the Jlrst member of the Pen-
tameter b^ a. monosyllable (which should rarely happen),
another long monosyllable should precede, or a dissyllable
of two short syllables. An exception to this is admitted in
the case of the monosyllable est, when the preceding vowel
is elided.
EXAMPLES OF THE SCANNING OF THE ELEGIAC COUPLET.
Quis tibi | monstra- | bat sal- | tus ve- | natibiis | aptos,
Et tege- I ret cattt- | iSsilqua fera | riipe sii- | os ?
Retia | saepe c6- | mes rnacu- | lis dis- j tincta te- | tendi ;
Saepe ci- | tos e- | gi \\ per juga | summa ca- | nes.
S. L^ h^^<^^'l^U^ ^ th44jirp^--^h^
1
^ ?-7^'/«^^
p. OVIDII NASONIS
c
-
EPIST. v.— OENONE PARIDI.
Perlegia 1 an conjux prohibet nova? peylSge ! non esi
lata M^enaejajliteraj facta majiu.
P ggasis Oenonel Phrygiis ceyiprrima silvis,
La€sa queror de te, si sinis ipse, meo.
Quis deus opposuit nostris sua numina votis ? 5
Ne tua permaneam, quod mihi crimen obest 1
Leniter, ex merito quicquid patiare, ferendum est.
Quae venit indigne poena, dolenda venit.
ypndum tantua_ eras. Qum te contenta marito,
Edita de magno flumine nympha fui. 10
Qui nunc Priamides, abgiixfiVfiTftntia Yfiro,^ ^^lU^
ggjXUa eras; servo nubere nympha tuli.
Saepe greges inter requievimus arbore tecti, ,
Mixtaque cum foliis praebuit herba torum. ^^
Saepe super stramen fenoque jaqeaiib»8 alto
Def ensa est humili |DanS pruina ca^.
Quia tibi monstrabat saltus venatibus aptoa,
Bt tegeret catulos qua f era rupe suos ?
Boiia saepe comes 0^\Ui» (^^"^^"<^-«^ tetendi:
15
t»ji
.i
oavspe ciiiu» egi pcj. jUga iuiiga CeMiCG, r
Inoioae servant a te mea nomina fagi,
Et legor Oenone fake aotata t ua :
p. OVIDII NASONIS
trt
25
35
^ Et quantum trunci, tantiim mea nouiina crescimt:
\ Crescite, et i fi titulos surgite recta meos .
Populus est, meinini, fluviali conaita i^ps,
7> Est in qua nostri litera scripta memor,
P&pule, vive, precor, quae consita margine ripae ^eudx% 1
Hoc in rugoso cortice carmen habes: Crt^^*^ ^ ^ i,
* Cum Paris Oenone poterit spirare relicta, / 1 ;7l * '
r?| Ad fontem Xanthi versa recifljet aqua.' " '^* 30
Xanthe, retro propera, versaeque recurrite lymphae !
Sustinet Oenonen deseruisse Paris.
Ilia dies fatum miserae mihi dixit, ab ilia
Pessima mutati coepit amoris hiems,
Qua Vwius et Juno, ^umptisque d ecentior armia
Venit in arbitrium nuda Minerva tuum.
^ Attoniti mieaire sjnus, gelidusque cucurrit,
Ut mihi narrasti, dura per ossa tremor.
IConsului, neque enim modice terrebar, anusque
Longaevosque s^es: constitit esse nefas.
Oaesa abies, h jctaeque trabes, et classe parata,
4 Gaerula ceratas accipit unda rates. ^^
Flesti discedens: hoc s^lthn parce negare:
Praeterito magis est iste pudendus amor. .
Et flesti, et nostros vidisti flentis ocellos :
Miscuimus lacrimas maestus uterque suas.*/^/ -^
Non sic appositis vincitur vi^jljus ulmus, ^
Ut tua sunt collo brachia nexa meo.
Ah ! quotiens, cum te vento quererere teneri,
40
45
Oscula dimiasae quotiens repetita dedisti !
Qnam vix sustinuit dicere lingua * vale V
50
^ '^'^Mwiz:::!
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1
J
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->.]
I
9 _____
HEROIDES.
EPIST. V.
(yvvctX^
Aura levis rtgido pendentia liniga malp
Suscitat, et remis eruta can^ aqua. 7^
Prosequor inl'elix oculis abeuntia vela, 55
Qua licet, et lacrimis humet a^na meis.
Utque celer venias, virides NSr^idas oro:
Scilicet ut venias in mea damna celer. ^
Votia^ergQ^m ftta ali^ fedi|.urft rejiisti ?
Hei_Bailii» pro dira pellice l^landa f ui ! 60
Aspicit immensum moles nativa profundumur)
Mons fuit : aequoreis ilia re^^it aquis :
'>. Hinc ego vgla tuae oognovi prima carinae,
Et mihi per fluctus impetus ire fuit.
Dum moror, in summa futsit mihi purpura prora. 65
Pertimui ; ciiltus non/erat illetuus.
Fit propipr, terrasque CTt^^ ratis attigit aul^:
Feminfeas vioi corde iremente genas. ^
fNon satis id f uerat ; quid enim f uriosa morabar ?
Haerebat gremio turpis amica tuo. 70
Tunc vero rupique sinus et pectora planxi,
Et secui m'^ditLaslu nis^u e ri^ffi^'genas, |^*
Impleviqae sacram querulis ululatibus loen. .
lUuc has lacrimaa in mea. aaasa^tttli. '' "
Sic Helene doleat, desertaque conjuge ploret, 75
Quaeque prior nobis intulit, ipsa ferat.
I Nunc tibi conveniunt quae te per aperta sequantur
Aequora, legitimos lestituantque viros.
At cum pauper eras armentaque pastor agebas,
Nulla nisi Oenone pauperis uxor erat. 80
Non ego miror opes, nee me tua regia tangifc,
Noc de tot Priami dicar ut una nurus.
p. OVIDII NASONIS
Non tamen ut Priamus nymphae socer esse rccuset,
Aut Hecubae fueriin dissimulanda nurus.
Dignaque sum at cupio fieri matrona potentis: 85
Sunt mihi, quas possint sceptra decere, manus.
Nee me, faginea quod tecum fronde jacebam,
Despice ; purpureo sum magis apta toro. /
^Dfihique tjjtus amor meus est tibi ; nulla parantur
Bella, nee ultrices advehit unda rates. 90
Tyndaris inf estis fugitiva rep^Jitur armis :
Hac YfinitiiLtlialamos|d6fre superbJf^tuos. ^
Quae si sit Danais reddenda, vel Hectora fratrem,
Vel cum fieiphobo Pol ydamanta roga.
Quid gravis A ntenor> Priamus quid suadeat ipse, 95
Consule, quisaetas longa magistra fuit.
Turpe rudimentum, patriae praeponere raptam.
Causa pudenda tua est; justa yir arma movet.
Nee tibi, si s^as, fidam promitte Lacaenam,
Quae sit in amplexus tarn cito versa tuos. 100
Ut "a^npy , ^^y^dP" temerati foedera lecti
Olamat, et externo laesus amore dolet,
Tu quoque clamabis. v Nulla reparabilis arte
Laesa pudicitia est ; demerit ilia semel. h^ ^
Ardet amore tui ? sic et Menelaon amavit. 105
Nunc jacet in viduo credulus ille toro.
Felix Andromache, certo bene nupta marito !
UxQ^-ad ^ xemp lu m f ra tr ialw^beHdft ftti.
Tu levior foliis, tum cum sine pondere sufii
Mobilibus ventis arida facta volant. 110
/•
Et
minus est in te.
quam summa pondus aris
Quae ]^£^s assiduis ^libus usta r ig et.
y
t^.
^<v^'
-O-*^ I
kcr^M
H^,
//V6. /ek^ ■O-fJU^^^fijL
!l^4^^€e^^^'
I
I
/
4^ CAlhULuy, nt/'^
7
■*!
v/
120
125
HEROIDES. EPIST. V. 5
Hoc tua, nam recolo, quondam germana canebat,
Sic mihi diffusis vaticinafca comja
^ Quid facis, Oenone ? Quid arenae semina mandas ? lift
Non profecturis littora bubus aras.
Oraia juv«nca venit, quae te patriamque domumqu«
Perdat 1 io prohibe ! Graia juvenca venit !
Dum licet, obscenam ponto demergite puppim 1
Heu, quantum Phrygii sanguinis ilia vehit !'
Dixerat ; ijn cursu (gj^ulae rapuere furentem.
At mihi flaventes diriguere comae.
Ah ! nimium miserae vatet) mihi vera fuisti.
Possidet, en, saltus Graia iuvenca meos !
Sit facie quamvis insignia, a^ulj^era certe est.
Deseruit gocios hospite capta decs.
IlUam de paUna Theseus, nisi nomine fallor,
Nescio quis Theseus abstulit ante sua.
•44llY6ne et €upido credatur reddita virgo ?
Unde hoc compererim tarn bene, quaeris ? amo. 130
Vim licet appelles, et culpam nomine veles:
Quae totiens rapta est, praebuit ipsa rapi.
At manet Oenone fallenti casta marito:
£t poteras falli legibus ipse tuis.
Me Satyriceleres, silvis ego tecta latebam,
Quaesierunt rapido, turba proterva, pede^
Comigerumque caput pinu preecinctus acuta
^ Faunus, in immensis qua tumet Ida jugi8.#^
Me fide conspicuus T ^ojae munitor amavit.
Admisitque meas ad sua dona manus,
Quaecumque herba potens ad opem radixque medendi
Utilis in toto nascitur orbe, mea est
2
135
139
145
6 p. OVIDII NAS0NI8 HEROIDER.
Me miBeram, quod amor non est inedical)ili» horbis t
Deficior prudena artis ab arte mea.
Tpft ^ repertor j:)mg vaccas pavisse PifijafiftS
Fertur, et e i: \o8tro saucius igne fuit.
Quod nee graminibus tellus fecunda creandis,
Nee deuB, auxilium tn mihi f erre potes.
Et potes, et merui, dignae miserere puellae !
Non ego cum Danais arma cruenta fero,
Sed tua sum tecumque fui puerilibus annis,
Et tua, quod superest temporis, esse precor.
150
^
155
"
it
150 U
'
155 ■
^
3^^K
^B
' -IB
1
.. -
y^^mL
I
EPIST. XIII.— LAODAMIA PROTESILAO,
Mittit, et Qi|t|t amans, quo mittitur,ii(a4>alutem,
Haemonis HaemSnio; Laodamia viro. .
Aulide te fama est, vento retinente, morari:
Ah ! mo cum fugeres, hie ubi ventus erat ? .
Turn freta debuerant vestris obsi^'re remis. 5
lllud erat saoyis utile tempus aquis, ^
Oscula plura viro mandataque plura dedissem :
Et sunt quae volui dicere multa tibi.
Raptus es hmc praeceps, et qui tua vela vocaret,
Quern cuperent nautae, non ego, ventus erat. «/ 10
Ventus erat nautis aptus, non aptus amanti;
Solvor ab anjj4Si«> Protesilae, tuo,
Linguaque mandantis verba imperfecta reliquit:
Vix illud potui dicere triste vale,
Incubuit Bj^j^as, abreptaque vela tetendit: 15
Jan^que mens longe Protesilaiis erat. v
Dum potui spqglare virum, sp(ifi;^are juvabat:
Sumque tuos oculos u.sQ^e secuta meis.
Ut te non poteram, poteram tua vela videre,
Vela diu vultus detinuere meos. 20
AWostquam nee te, nee vela fugacia vidi,
Et quod spectarem, nil nisi p pntu s erat,
Sucdfduo dicorj procubuisse genu, Ui( .
Vix socer Iphiclus, vix me grandaevus Acastus, 25
Vix mater gelida maesfca refecit aquSk
8
P. OVIDII NASONIS
Officium fecere pium, sed inutile nobis:
Indignor miserae non licuisse i^ori. C^
Ut rediit animus^ pariter rediere dolores.
Pectora legitimua casta momordit amor. 30
Neo mihi pectendos ciira est praebere capillos,
^ Nee l^et aurata corpora veste tegi .
^ Ut quas pampinea tetigiss© Bicorniger hast4
Creditur > hue illucJ qu^ furor egit, eo. y
Conveniunt matres Phyjaceides, et mihi clamant : 35
* Indue regales, Laodamia, sinus I'
Scilicet ipsa geram saturatas murice ISnas^ (^'^^
Bella sub Iliacis^ moenibus ille geret ?
Ipsa chinas pegtar, galea caput ille premetur:
Ipsa novas vestes, dura vir arma feret 1 40
^Qua possum, squalore tuos imitata labores
Dicar, et haec belli tempora tristis agam,
D^spapi Priamide, damno formose tuorum,
Tarn sis hostis iners, quam mains hospes eras.
' Aut te Taenariae faciem culpasse maritae, 45
j Aut illi vellem displicuisse tuam.
Tu, qui pro rapta nimium, Menelae, laboras,
Hei mihi, quam multis flebil is ultor eris I
Di, precor, a nobis omen removete sinistrum,
i^) Et sua det redud vir mens arma Jovi. ' 50
Sed timeo, quotien? itubiit miserabile bellum :
More nivis lacrimae sole m'&dentis eunt.
-r-i* _x m ]-._ Oi, :• ~x ■V_„4.T „x TJ_
Nomina sunt ipso paene timenda sono.
Nee rapere ausurus, nisi se defendere posset, . 55
Hospes erat . vires noverat ille suas. i/
>»3
/•
«v
so
40
/•
V ^ a--<i-t// i .
?.
<?■>■
i!t\
'«z,<aJ
45
50
^
<o
iY ■ flC't-c/. /«U.
55
<5t
'T'»-v»-«
rf-?\^ci^
HEROIDES. BPIST. XIII. 9
Venerat, ut fama est, multo spectabilis auro,
Claaafijdriaque potens, per quae fera bella geruntur,
Et sequitur regni pars qiiota quemque sui ? 60
His ego te victam, qonsors Ivedaea aemellis ,
Suspicor ; haec Danais posse nocere puto.
Hectora nescio quern timeo : Paris Hectora dixit
Ferrea sangiiind^ bella movere manu.
Hectora, quisquik ii^ eiSit, Isi isum tibi cara, caveto: 65
Signatum memori pectore nonien habe.
Hnnc ubi vitaris, alio3 vitare memento,
Et multos illic Hectoras esse puta:
Et facit o ut dicaB, quotiens pugnare parabis,
* Parcere me jussit Laodamia sibi.' . 70
Si cadere Argolico fas est sub milite Trojam,
Te quoque non uUum vulnus habente cadat.
Pugnet et adversos tendat Menelaus in bostes:
Ut rapiat P aridij gnam Paria -AntP aihi
Irruat !; et causa quem vincil-et:a.rTn iH. 75
Hostibus e mediis nupta petenda viro est.
Causa tua est dispar. Tu tantum vivere pugna,
Inque pios dominae posse redire sinus.
Parcite, Dardanidae, de tot, precor, hostibus uni,
Ne meus ex illo corpore sanguis eat. 80
Non est, quem deceat nudo concurrere ferro,
Saevaque in oppositos pectora ferre viros.
Fortius ille potest multo, quam pugnat, amare,
Bella gerant alii: Protesilaus amet.
Nunc fateor ; visJjii.rev ocare, anim usque ferebat. 86
?iife§li^lL§i!i?J2i5iUy^8^* timore mali.
10
p. OVIDII NA80NIS
90
95
^t
u
Cum foribus velles ad Trojam exire patemis,
Pes tuus offenso limine signa dedit.
Ut vidi, ingemui, tacitoque in pectore dixi
*Signa reversiiri sint, precor, ista viri !*
Haec tibi nunc refero, ne sis animosus in armis.
Fac meus in ventos hie timor omnis eat.
Sors quoque nescio quern fato designat iniquo,
Qui primus Danaftm Troada tangat humum.
Infelix, quae prima virum lugebit ademptum I
Di faciant, ne tu strenuus esse velis !
Inter mille rates tua sit millesima puppis,
T^amque fatigatas ultima verset aquas.
Hoc quoque praemoneo ; de nave novissimus exi:
Noi^est, quo propOTCs, terra patema tibi. 100
Cum vanies, remoque move veloque carinam, », ;
Inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum ! ^
Sive latet Phoebus, seu terris altior exstat, i^i<^^
Tu mihi luce dolor, tu mihi nocte venis:
iNocte tamen quam luce magis ; nox grata puellis, 105
• Quarum suppositus coUa lacertus habet.
Aucupor in lecto mendaces oaelibe somnos.*
Dum careo veris, gaudia falsa juvant.
Sed tua cur nobis pallens occurrit imago ?
Cur venit a verbis multa querela tuis ?
Excutior somno, simulacraque noctis adoro :
Nulla caret fumo Thessalis ara meo: (\^
Tura damns, lacrimamque super, qui sparsai r^i^et,
lit solet adfuso surgere flamma mero.
Quando ego, te reducem cupidis amplexa lacertis, 115
Languida laetiti^ solvar ab ipsa mea 1
110
90
95
100
At If ■^ W '
6.1 C^Ci^tj^ ' V»u-^
fitt^.*^ /.'rn^-Zi-J/r ; f^'/^iL^ ozn^^ -J^ ,
105
110
115
I
HEROIDES. EPIST. XIII. H
' Quando erit, ut lecto mecum bene junctus in uno
Militiae ref eras splendida facta tuae t \
Quae mihi dum referee, quamvis audire fuvabit,
Multa tamen rapies oscula, multa dabis. 120
Semper iahis apte narrantia verba resistunt:
EroJBptior est dulci lingua referre mora.
Sed cum Troja subit, subeunt ventique fretumque,
Spes bona sollicito victa timore cadit.
Hoc quoque, quod venti prohibent exire carinas, 125
Me movet ; invitis ire paratis aquis. j
Quis velit in patriam, vento prohibente, revert! ?
A patria pelago vela vetante datis !
Ipse suam non praebet iter Neptunus ad urbem.
Quo ruitis ? Vestras quisque redite domos ! 130
Quo ruitis, Danai ? Ventos audite vetantes !
Non subiti casus, numinis ista mora est.
Quid petitur tanto nisi turpis adultera bello %
D^'~ • i^cet, Inachiae vertite vela rates !
Sed q .' ? revoco ? revocaminis omen abesto, 135
Blandi, compositas aura secijndet aquas.
Troasin in video, quae sic lacrimosa suorum
Fun era conspicient, nee procul hostis erit.
Ipsa suis manibus forti nova nupta marito
Imponet galeam barbaraque arma dabit. 140
Arma dabit, dumque arma dabit, simul oscula sumet: —
Hoc genus officii dulce duobus erit —
Producetque virum, dabit et mandata reverti,
Et dicet * rtferas ista fac arma Jovi !'
Hie, ferens dominae mandata recentia secum 146
Pugnabit caute, respicietque domum.
12
p. OVIDII NAH0NI8 HEROIDESr
Exuet haec rednci clipeum, galeamque resolvet^
(^ Excipietque suo corpora lassa sinu,)
Kos sumus incertae ^ nos auxins omnia cogit.
Quae possunt fieri, facta putare' timor. X5(>
Dum tamen anria geres diverso milea in orbe,.
Quae referat vultus est mihi cera tuoSr
Illi blanditias, illi tibi debita verba
Dicimus, amplexus accipit ilia meos^
Crede mihi, plus est, quam quod videatur imago, 155
Adde sonum cerae, Protesilaus erit,
Hanc specto, teneoque sinu pro conjuge vero,
Et, tamquam possit verba referre, queror.
Per reditus corpusque tuum, mea numina, juro,
Perque pares animi conjugiique faces, 160
Perque, quod ut videam canis albere capillis,
1 Quod tecum possis ipse referre, caput,^
Me tibi venturam comitem, quocumque vocarisy
Sive... quod heu timeo, sive superstes eris.
Ultima mandato claudetur epistola parvo*. 165
Si tibi cura mei,, sit tibi cura tui I
5C>
55
60
65
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NOTES.
EPIST. v.— OENONE PARIDI.
The loves of Ptiris awl Oenone, and the legend regard-
ing the birth and early history of the former, which form
the groundwork of this epistle, \^cm:£^imkiIQ:Kli.iiO-.HQiiier.
What follows is the substance of the tale as narrated by
Apollodorus,
Hector was the first-born of Priam and Hecuba. When
Hecuba was about to produce a second child, she dreamed
that she had given birth to a blazing torch, which kindled
a conflagration that spread over the whole city. Priam,
having been informed by her of the vision, sent for Aesacus
(his son by Arisbe, a former wife), who was skilled in the
interpretation of dreams, an art which he had been taught
by Merops, his maternal grandfather. Aesacus pronounced
that the boy would prove the destrujtion of his country,
and bade them expose the babe. Priam, as soon as it was
born, gave it to one of»his herdmen, named Agelaus, to be
conveyed to Ida and there abandoned. The infant, left to
perishy was nurtured for five days by a she-bear, when
Agelaus, finding it thus miraculously preserved, took it up
and bore it to his dwelling, where he reared it as his own
son, under the name of Paris. The child having grown up
to manhood, excelled both in comeliness and valour, and
soon received the additional appellation of Alexander,
because he withstood and drove away the robbers who
attacked the flocks. Not long after he discovered his
parents.
u
NOTES.
Wliile yet a shepherd in the hills, he wedded Oenone,
daughter of the river Cebren. This nymph, having learned
the art of prophecy from Rhea, warned Alexander not to
sail in quest of Helen ; but finding that her remonstrances
were unheeded, she then enjoined him, should he be wounded,
to come to her for aid, since she alone had power to heal
him. After this Paris bore away Helen from Sparta, and
being pierced, during the war against Troy, by an arrow
shot by Philoctetes from the bow of Hercules, he returned
again to Ida to seek Oenone's aid. But she, cherishing re-
sentment, refused to exert her skill. Alexander was borne
back to Troy, and there expired. Oenone having repented,
brought drugs to heal his wound, and finding him a corpse,
hanged herself for grief.
It will be seen that Ovid adheres, for the most part, closely
to the above tale, departing from it in one or two points
only.
1. In some MSS. this epistle commences with the fol-
lowing couplet, which is generally considered spurious:
J^yirvphcb suo Paridi (quamvia mens esse recuses)^
Mittit ah Idaeis verba hgenda'jugis.
PerlegiS-.-inanu* * Dost thou read this through? or
does thy new wife hinder thee ? Read it through ! This
letter is not written by the hand of him of My cense.'
2. Mycenaea manU} i.e., hostili, with reference to
Agamemnon and Menelaus, sonsof Atreus, Kingof Mycenae;
3. Pegasis Oenone. * Oenone the fountain nymph,'
from Ttrjyrf a fountain. Oenone was the daughter of the
river Cebren. Many ancient writers speak of the * Cebrenia
Eegio ' and its capital * Cebrene ' in the Troad. The river
le,
ed
to
es
ad
3d
Qe
Je.
.ts
Lis
fco
lia
er
HEROIDES. V.
15
Cebren is mentioned, as we have seen above, in the narra-
tive of ApoUodorus. Geographers fix the site of * Cebrene*
near the sources of the *Mendere' (which some identify
with the Scamander, and others with the Simois of Homer)
in mount Ida. Extensive ruins mark the spot, now called
*Kutchunlu-Tepe,' and a little way above these a small
stream, believed to be the * Cebren, ' falls into the 'Mendere,*
and is called tl e * Kaz-daghtchai.' With regard to the epi-
thet * Pegasis,' we may observe that the Muses are styled
* Pegasides ' by Propert. 3. 1, 19,
Mollia, Pegasides, vestro date serta poetae.
Si Sinis ipse, meo. ' Who art mine, if thou thyself
dost permit it.' •
6. Ne tua permaneam. * From remaining thine. '
7. Leniter...ferendum est. 'Whatever you suffer
deservedly should be borne with patience.'
8. Dolenda. * As a ground for complaint.' Lit. * to
be grieved over.*
0. TantUS, i.e., nondum agnitus eras Priamifilius. In v.
12, he is termed * servus,' because he was at that time the
reputed son of the bondsman of Priam.
11. Remark the differeiMie of meaning according as We
read adsit or absit.
Absit. ' Ita revereamu r veritatem^ ut earn gu^mvia tihi
ingrata sit^ confiteamur. '
A.dsi t. * Ne t ui_reyerentia uos imped iat quomimis verum
dicamus^*
Priamides. * The son of Priam. '
12. Tuli, i.e., nonrecusavi nubere.
16
NOTES.
15. Super stramenfenoquejacentibus. Remark the
change in th^ gonstrvfti^" »f *Ht.rfl.nnpn ' .and- iieno. '
16. Defensa. * Defendere ' signifies properly * to ward
off,'soVirg. E. 7.47,
Solstitium pecori de/endUe, jam venit aestas,
and Senee. de Prov. 4,
Imbrem culrao aut fronde defendunt,
19. Maculis- ' "yhe knots of a netLafifilB to be indicated
by * maculae.' ^, Heins. would understand thfi„calaured
f eathers empl oyed to scare the beaafes of chase, and drive
^ hftm inf.n f.hp tn ils fl« in Virg. G. 3. 372.
Hos (sc. cervos) non immissis canibus, non cassibtis ullisy .
Puniceaeve agitant trepidos formidine pennae.
^ Spheller in hisLexlcon says the ' maculae' are the *meshes'
or * holes ' of the net. The word cannot bear either of the
two last mentioned significations in the following passage
from Varro, R. R. 3. 11, where he is giving directions for
the construction of a vr}66orfiO(petov or duck-yard.
After describing the manner in which the wall is to be
built and plastered, he continues — idqtie saeptum totum rete
grandihus maculis Integitur ne eo involare aquila possit^ neve
exeoevolare anas; — and so Columella, 8. 15, almost in the
same words. In these passages * grandibus maculis' must
mean * strong knots,' for Marge meshes' would admit of
the very evil which the farmfer is here taught to guard
against.
20. Per juga longa. * Over the long mountain ranges.'
22. Legor-..tua. * I am read of as thine.'
HEROIDES. V.
17
24. Sfidia* although found in most MSS., is scarcely
ifiteUigifcle, since it cannot be connected either with *trunci'
or * nomina. ' * Rit^'-Wbifill. appears in twcLjMSS.^ is pro-
bibly the tnie reading. * Eecte' was perhaps placed in the
margin as an explanation of ' rite,' and might then find its
way into the text, and finally would be changed into *recta,*
to prevent a violation of the laws of prosody.
25. Consita. * Sero' and its compounds are used per-
petually by Virgil and the prose writers upon agriculture,
in the sense of * to plant.' as well as in that of * to sow.'
27. Popule. Distinguish between populus and populus.
Quae hoc . -habes. * Which . . .hast these lines inscribed
on thy rough bark.'
30. Ad font em- The expression of rivers running back-
wards seems to have been applied proverbially, among the
Greeks, to anything which was so strange as to seem a vio-
lation of the laws of nature. So the chorus in the Medea
of Euripides, and in like manner Horace, when expressing
his astonishment at the resolution of Iccius, Od. I. 29. 10:
Quia rmget arduis
Pronos relabi posse Hvos
MontihuSy et Tiberim reverti.
31. Lymphae. *EtZ^W;^aetw2i[?2i^Aa pro aqua ponitur;
verum ubi poetae aquis actionem quandam humanam tri-
buunt, nympham potius quam lympham, dicunt.—Itaque
Heins. e MSS. emendat nymphae' B.
The two words, as might be expected from their resem-
blance both in form and meaning, are perpetually confounded
in MSS.
18
NOTES.
32. Sustinet, nearly the same as * tuli * in v. 12, imply-
ing that a person brings himself by an effort to do some-
thing from which he would naturally shrink. It occurs again
in V. 52.
33. Fatum... dixit. * Pronounced my doom.*
Ab ilia. Sc. die,
35. Qua. * On which ' day.
37. Micuere sinus. * Mico ' properly signifies ' to move
rapidly backwards and forwards ;' thus Virgil of a high-
bred horse, G. 3. 84,
Stare loco, nescit, micat aurihus, et tremit artus,
and of a serpent darting its tongue, G. 3. 439,
et Unguis micat ore trisulcis.
It is often applied, as in the present passage, to mental agi-
tation, thus attoniti micuere sinus— corda micant regis—
pulsantur trepidi corde micante sinus, <fcc., are all vidian
expressions.
41. ClaSSe parata, the reading adopted by Burmann
[peracta] and approved by Ruhnken, can scarcely be defended.
* Parare ' and * ornare ' are the technical words employed by
the best writers with regard to the equipment of a fleet,
while not a single example can be produced in favour of
* peragere.' In the passages quoted from Suetonius Calig.
21, and 0th. 6, it is applied to buildings the construction
of which required great time and toil.
42. Oeratas, i.e. cera piceque oblitas, so again Ov.
R, A. 447,
Non satis una tenet ceratas ancora puppes.
HEROIDES. V.
19
43. Parce negare, i.e. noli negare, cave neges.
This use of the verb * parco ' is very common among the
poets, although scarcely admissible in prose composition,
e.g. Ilor. Od. 3. 8, 26,
Parce privatus nimium cavere,
and Virg. E. 3. 94,
Parcite, oves nimivm procedere non bene ripae
Creditur.
44. Praeterito, * the love which once you bore to me,
but which now has passed away.'
45. Nostros vidisti flentis ocellos, i.e. mei flentia
ocellos. This peculiar construction, by which the possessive
pronoun is substituted for the genitive of the personal, is
found occasionally in the best writers.
quum mea nemo
Scripta legat vulgo recitare timentia, Hor. S. I. 4, 22.
The same idiom is found in Greek, Hom. II. '. 180.
46. Miscuimus. .SUas. * We both in sorrow mingled our
tears."
49. Oum te.teneri. * When thou didst complam of
being detained by the wind, '
50. lUe secundus erat. * Scilicet mihi amanti, quia te
retinebat, nee illo flante abire poteras ' B.
A singular misapprehension of the meaning. Oenone
intends to say that when the wind was really favourable for
the voyage, Paris, ^^nable to tear himp.elf from her arms,
and eager to frame an excuse for delay, complained that it
was adverse, a pretext so flimsy that *riserunt comites.'
20
NOTES.
53. Rigido malo. * From the erect mast.'
54. Eruta. ' Translatio ducta est ex agricultura ; nam
proprie fossor dicitur emere terram' R, We have a double
metaphor in Ov. Amor. 3. 8, 43,
Nonfreta demissi verrebant eruta remi,
Oanet. * Is white.'
56. Qua licet. * As far as I could,'
57. Nereidas. The Nereides (Nereis, Nereidis) were
sea-nymphs, and daughters of Nereus,
58. SciUcet Ut...celer. *That, to my misfortune, for-
sooth, thou may est speedily return,'
59. Alii, * est dativus commodi, ut grammatici loquun-
tur' R.
Votis ergo meis. This line is probably corrupt, for the
final syllable in * ergo' is uniformly made long by the writers
of the Augustan age, and by Ovid himself elsewhere. See
the question fully discussed in * Ramsay's Manu il of Latin
Prosody,* p. 58.
60. Pellicei i.e. Helena.
Blanda, i.e. supplex— precibus delinivi Deas marinas.
61. Nativa, i.e. *the work of nature,' as opposed to any
bulwark reared by the hand of man. So in the Fasti, 6. 149,
Est moles nativa : loco res nomina fecit :
Appellant saxum : pars bona montis ea est.
64. Impetus, impulse,' as opposed to ratio, 'amedi.
tated plan.'
Et
quod nunc ratio est, impetus antefuit. Ov. R. A. 10.
HEROIDE&. V.
21
■65. Purpura. * A purple garment.'
«6. Cultus. 'Apparel/
69. Morabar. * Ha^cnon in telligo: forte rectmswioraJor
cum Leidensi codice' H. The meaning is this :
* It was not enough that I beheld with fluttering heart a
woman's cheek — for had that been enough to satisfy me of
your infidelity, why did I madly linger ? No, I did not
believe the worst, until, upon a nearer view, I saw an im-
pure mistress clasped in your embrace — there was no longer
any room for doubt — Tnnc vero rupique sinus £i pectora
planxif' &c,
Heusinger and Jahn read
J^on satis idfuerat ? quid enimfuriosa morabar ?
but the interrogation of the first member of the clause does
not suit the * quid enim ' which follows. Euhnken, who
adopts this punctuation, understands it thus : * Cur me non
subduxi, ut Helenam ne viderem in gremio tuohaerentem.'
The explanation of Burmann is harder to understand than
the passage itself,
71. Sinus, i.e., vestes. Properly speaking, ^the folds
of the gannent ;' it is used in the same general sense in
Ep. 13, 36,
Indue regales f Laodamiaf sinus.
Rupi- * I rent.'
73. Idam v. Iden. A number of nouns of the first
declension, chiefly proper names, are employed by the poets,
shape, as best suits their purpose. Thus we have * Ida ' and
'Ide;' *Leda,' * Lede ;' * Helena,' * Helene ;' * Greta,'
3
22
NOTES.
• Crete ;* and many others. Where either form is equally
admissible, as in the present passage, we must be guided
entirely by the best MS3.
Sacram. . Jden. ' Sacra dioitur ' quod Cybeles sacra in
hoc monte celebrabantur, quae inde etiam matris Idaeae
nomen habet' R«
74. Mea saxa» * the rocky cave which formed my abode.'
75. DesertaQUe COnjUge, sc a conjuge. The preposi-
tion is omitted in like manner in Her. 12. 161 :
\ Deseror (amism regnOy patriaque domoque)
Conjuge : qui nobis omnia sol^is erat.
76. Quaaue.ferat. *And may she herself endure
that which she was the first to inflict upon me.'
77-78. If we read * sequuntur * and * destituunt,* it will
make * quae * refer to Helen alone^ while the subjunctive
renders the proposition general, *such as are ready to follow/
and this seems more appropriate.
Tibi conveniunt. ' Please thee.'
78. LegitimOS toroS> i.e. legitimos viroB.
81. Opes. 'Wealth.'
85. Tot. fifty. Priam when speaking of his sons in his
most touching address to Achilles, says—
TtEVTTfHovTd fJiot 7i6av oT rfXyQuv vie^ ^AxoctdSv,
* Fifty were mine when came Achaia's sons.'
83. Non tamen. * It must not be supposed, however.'
• Tamen ' is used to qualify an expression, to prevent it
from being misunderstood, or taken up too strongly. The
ually
aided
Ta m
daeae
bode.'
eposi'
ndnre
t will
active
►How,'
in his
oov.
^ever.'
^ent it
The
I
HEROIDEg^. V.
23
pride of Oenone here takes alarm lest her language should
be supposed to imply a feeling of unworthiness or unfitness
for so high a station.
84. Dissimulanda, * disowned.'
Hecuba. Or Heciibe, daughter of Dymas or of Cisseus,
King of Thrace, wife of Priam. After the fall of Troy she
became the slave of Penelope.
85. Matrona is always a title of respect—' the wedded
wife'— the mother of the family— the mistress of the house.
86. Quas possint. * Quae possint ' is also a legitimate
construction.
capit ille coronam
Quaepossit crines, Phoebe, deceretms. Ov. Fast. 2. 106.
* Quas posdnt decere * is much the same as * quas deceant,'
and this not being understood, gave rise to conjectural
emendations on the part of the transcribers, and hence the
variations in the text.
91. Tyndaris. Gen. Tyndaridis 'daughter of Tyndarus,
or Tyndareus' husband of Leda, the mother of Helen.' See
Smith's Classical Dictionary.
Fugitivus is the technical term for a runaway slave.
93. Danais. *To the Greeks.' Danus was son of
Belus, and founder of Argos. The Greeks engaged in the
siege of Troy are often called Danai.
93. Si. * Si ' is used for * num,' a usage sanctioned even
bv 'ni'Aao ■iiri.ifaKa T'k.^r. 0«rv« "D /^ 1 O CI • a-. -•
pemimpere possent, conati.
We have the same idiom in English.
24
NOTESf.
94. Deiphobo. Deiphobus, after Hector, was the best
and bravest of all the sons of Priam and Hecuba, We are
told in the Odyssey, 8. 517, that his house was stormed at
the capture of Troy by Ulysses and Menelaus, and later
writers represented him as having wedded Helen after the
death of Paris. This account was followed by Virgil, and
the student will do well to read the description of the inter-
view between Aeneas and the shade of Deiphobus, in the
realms below, Ae. 6. 494.
Polydamanta. Polydamas, son of Panthoos a Delphian,
|i| who had settled at Troy and wedded the niece of Priam, is
repeatedly introduced in the Iliad, and represented as one
of the wisest, as well as the most valiant, in the Trojan
host. With regard to the orthography * Graece dicitur
UovXvda/ia^ sed Latinum Polydamas priori syllaba longa j
formatum e&t ex Aeolico UoDXvdajiia?^ R. Hence it is
quite unnecessary to write the name * Pulydamas,* as some
desire.
&5. Antenor* Antenor, husband of Theano, the sister
of Hecuba, is characterized by Homer as an aged, wise, and
eloquent counsellor, holding the same position among the
Trojans which Nestor occupied among the Greeks. Tra-
dition told, that having escaped from the sack of his native
city, he led a band of exiles, who wandered to the head of
the Adriatic and founded the city of Patavium. So Virgil,
Ae. I. 242.
96. Quis...fliit- * To whom their long life has been a
teacher,*
97. Turpe-.raptam. ' It is a base beginning to prefer
a woman carried off, to thy country.'
i
HEROIDES. V. 25
^99. Sisapias. ' If thou art wise/
Lacsenam. * The Laconian woman.'
101. Minor Atridea. -Mfinelaus, the younger brother
of Agamemnon.
104. Semel, * once, and once for all.'
105. Menelaon. Greekformof the Ace.
Hector.
Certus maritus is a true and faithful husband opposed
to 'incertae nuptiae,' which we find in Ter. And. 5. 1, 11
in the sense of unstable.
109. Turn cum sine pondere suci ' When without
the weight of moisture. '
112. Quae...riget. * Which, parched by the constant
sunshine, stand stiff in their lightness.'
113. Recolo, i.e. in memoriam revoco, animo repeto.
The word being somewhat uncommon, gave rise to a multi-
tude of glosses which have crept into the text of different
MSS. See various readings.
Germana. i.e. Cassandra, the daughter of Priam and
Hecuba, who received from Apollo the gift of prophecy, to
which was added the curse that her predictions should neVer
be believed. On the partition of the spoil of Troy, she fell
to the lot of Agamemnon, and, on his return home, shared
his fate, being murdered by Oly temnestra and her paramour
..egisthus. She plays a prominent part in the noblest pro-
duction of the Grecian drama, the Agamemnon of Aeschylus.
The story of her prophetic powers is unnoticed by Homer.
26 NOTES,
114. DiffasiS-COmiS. 'With dishevelled loeks.'
115. (luicl...mandas. • Wly dost thou commit the seed
to the sand V
116. Litora.. .aras. A proverbial expression applied to
those who waste their toU in endeavouring to effect what
can never be accompUshed. So Ov. Tr. 5. 4, 47:
Plena tot ac tantis referetur gratia factis ;
Nee sinet ille tuos litus arare boves,
and Juvenal, speaking of the perseverance of unrewarded
men ot letters,
Nos tamen hoc agimua, Unuique in ptdvere snlcoi
Dueimm, et litus iterili versamus aratro. S. 7. 48.
117. Venit, i.e. Vfiiaet. This i» peculiarly the style of
prophets ,.ho behold, as it were, the »vents they describe
actwdly pasring before their eye., a-they ponr forth the
prediction.
•Graia juvenca' is the type under which Cassandra
shadows forth Helen in the dark language of prophecy.
119. Dum licet. * While it may be done. '
120. ObSCaenain pnppim. The true meaning of *ob-
scaenus' is • iUrOiftfined/ and it seems certain that it is con-
nected with *sca§X3ia.*i.e. Isinister/ duato^ ; thus Tirg.
G. i. 470, describing the prodigies which preceded and
followed the death of Ca3sar,
Tempore quaTThquamiUo tellus quoqmet aequoraponii,
Obscaenique canes, importunaeque volucres
&igna dabant,
I
\*f
P'WII
HEROIOES. V.
27
and in Ae. 12, 876, Juturna exclauns, on seeing the Dira in
the shape of a bird, which Jupiter had sent inqtce omen
Juturnde occurrere jussit,
Jarrif jam lir,quOt aeies, ne me terrete timentem,
Obscaenae volucres —
hence, it sometimes means simply 'loathsome,' and in that
sense is appropriated twice in Ae. 3. 241, and 262 to the
Harpies.
121. Iiu^iicsil^i. e, in medio curau, in ipso furoris impetu,
* while her ftenzy was in mid career.'
* Imperaverat Priamus, ut quoties Cassandra solveret o»
in oracula, toties earn famulae coercerent ut insanam.
Meminit Lycophron et ejus interpres ' Parrhasius. ILj»e
ruad *inmrgu/ it will mean * the attendaiitg ruBhmgJB»l:or
* rnflhing npnn her.'
122. Deriguere- * Stood on end.'
126. SociOS-.deOS. *I}eos conjugales intelligt' Heins.
128. SUscia^uU T&eseus. * Oenone, ut mulier pere-
grina, fingit se non satis nosse Theaeum' K. The story, as
narrated by ApoUodorus, is simply this. The fame of
Helen's beauty being bruited abroad over Greece, Theseus,
assisted by Pirithous, bore her away by force and transported
her to Athens. He then descended to the infernal regions
for the purpose of aiding his friend to carry off Proserpine.
Meanwhile Castor and Pollux made war against Athens,
captured the city, recovered their sister, and, in retaliation,
led prisoner to Sparta, Aethra, the mother of Theseus.
The details are given at length in Diodorus s.nu x xutarcu.
Herodotus also refers to the invasion of Attica by the Tyn-
2\S
NOTES.
darida on account of Helen. Some critics cavil at tlie
epithet *juvene,' in v. 129, since they ingeniously calculate
that Theseus, at the period in question, must have been at
least fifty years old. Were this a grave history we might
entertain the objection ; but when urged against a poet
who is celebrating a mythical hero and a legendary tale, it
is sheer nonsense,
lai. Licet. * Though.'
134, Et poteras...tuis. * And thou thyself mightest
be deceived, after thine own example.'
135,138. Satyri-raunus. The Saiyrs, who are con-
stantly represented as the attendants of Bacchus, ogcupisd
thfi.-aame-place^i»-€^*e€4«»^ the Fauna did in the Italian
BayihQlogy- They were rural deities who roamed through
the woods and wilds, dwelling in caves, and endeavouring ta
gain the love of the Nymphs. They were usually repre-
sented with horns and the feet of goats, and covered with
long shaggy hair. The derivation of the word is uncertain ;
but in all probability tlmDoric Tixmw<S, whic^ si^'fiea
a * he-goat,* is only a dialetie form of 2dtvpo<S.
136. QuaeSienint. Note the short penult,
149. Nan est medicabilis. * Not to be cured.'
151, Ipse repertory The train of thought is this: * I
is little wonderful that I, though skilled in the healing art,
should be unable to minister to my own diseased heart,
f since even the god of medicine, Apollo himself, became a
shepherd and fed the herds of Admetus, when wounded by
the shafts of Love;
the
ilate
n at
light
poet
ie. it
titest
con-
alian
ough
ngto
epre-
with
•tain ;
i: *I*
g art,
lie&rt,
aruc a
ed by
/
KEEOIDES. V.
29*
Ovid here fallows Callimachus and Ehianus the Thracian,
y in assigning love as the cause of the sojourn of Apollo upon
earth in the guise of a herdsman.
^ The moi:e_common, kgfind, as given by Euripides and
Apollodorns, told that Zens having destroyed Aesculapius,
Apollo, in vengeance, slew the Cyclopes, or their sons, who
had forged the thunderbolts, -and was sentenced by the
king of heaven to serve as bondsman to a mortal for the
space of a year. He accordingly entered the service of
Admetus, son of Pheres, the king of Pherae in Thessaly,
and tended his cattle on the banks of the river Amphrysus,
J A Jihird^^aeeonnt, that of Alexandrides the Delphian,
assigned the slaughter of the Python as the cause of the
punishment of Apollo. The whole of these tales, and the
authorities for them, will be found enumerated in the Scho-
lium on the first line of that most touching of dramas, thg
Alcestis of Euripides.
152. Et e nostro...fuit. *And was smitten by the
same passion which now consumes me. *
153. Quod nec.potes. 'Thou art able to give me an
aid, which neither the earth, so fruitful in producing plants,
can give, nor yet the Divinity.'
VARIOUS READINGS.
2. * litera scripta. ' 8. 'indignse'B, * indigno, ' ' indigna. '
11. The bestMSS. *adsit,' some *absit,' and so L. 16.
The best MSS. have either * Denressa ' nr * DAnrptisp •'
_j_ __ — j^ J
• Defensa' is a conj. of Parrhasius, adopted by B. 20. The
best MSS. * sunima ;' many have *longa,' and so B. 24.
I ra
30 NOTES.
»•
' recta meos * in many MSS. , and so B. 25. Twenty-three
MSS. have *consita rivo ;* others * conscia rivo.' 28.
Several MSS. * numen habes.' 31. Eight MSS. *recurrite
Nymphae.' 33. Many MSS. 'mihi duxit.' 40. *Grand-
aevos.' 41. Four MSS. *clas8e peracta,* and so B. 45.
*et madidos vidisti.* lb. flentes ocellos.' 48. One good
MS. *vincta,* which is probably a gloss. 49. *cum te
vento* B. 63. * Phrygio pendentia.' 69. Santenius conj.
*Votiseccemeis,' 69. One MS. 'morabor.' 71. Two MSS.
*Tuncflevi.' 72. Two MSS. * comas.' 73. adam.' 74.
*Illic/ *Illinc' B. 77. Many MSS. * Nunc tecum veniunt.'
77, 88. *sequuntur,' *destituunt.' 78. Many MSS. * viros/
instead of *toros.' 85. Many MSS; omit ' et/ one has
*potenti.* 86. * quae possint,' *quaspossunt,' *quaepossent
sceptra tenere,' *qua8 deceat sceptra tenere.' 94. Some
edd. *Pulyt;amanta.' 95. Lj'ostMSS. «Buadeat/and8oL.
99. * si cupias.' 111. One MSS. * levius est in te.' (!) 113.
*namrefero,' *memoro,' *memini,' *repeto.' 116. 'bubus.*
118. *Perdet.' 119. • Dimergite,' *demergite.' 1-21. *in-
cursu.' 125. One MS. * praesignis,* which is preferred by
H. 126. B. has *patrios — deos' against all the MSS. 128.
*arte.* 131. Many MSB. *celes.' 136. Most MSS. *Quae-
sierant.' 138. *et immensis.' 141. B. reads *medenti,'
the conj. of H. 143. Many MSS. * sanabilis herbis.' 160
* Destituor.' 152. * e nostro,' * Dicitur et nostro.'
ABBREVIATIONS.
B Burmann.
li...... = : s = == = j=::5e-IjOer8.
K Krebs.
H Heinsius.-
[iree
28.
•rite
tnd-
45.
;ood
I te
onj.
LSS.
74.
mt.'
ros,'
has
sent
ome
ioL.
113.
5US.*
*in-
dby
128.
;uae-
»nti,'
150.
V
a
EPIST. XIII.— LAOJDAMIA PROTESILAO.
This epistle is supposed to be addressed by Laodamia,
d^iightgr ol^Afiaaiiw, to her husband Protesilaus, who,
having determined to take part in the expedition against
Troy, had repaired to Aulis in Boeotia, which is named by
Homer as having been the gathering-place of the Grecian
fleet. Later poets told that the ships were long detained in
that harbour by an adverse wind, raised by Artemis in
vengeance for the death of a consecrated stag slain by Aga-
memnon, and that they were unable to set forth till the
wrath of the goddess was at length appeased by the sacrifice
of Iphigenia, daughter of the guilty chief.
Laodamia {AaoSdjn eta).— Daughter of Acastus, and
wife of ProtesilHus. When her husband was slain before
Troy, she begged the gods to be allowed to converse with him
for only three hours. The request was granted. Hermes led
Protesilaus back to the upper world, and when Protesilaus
died a second time, Laodamia died with him. A later tra-
dition states that Laodamia made an image of her husband,
to which'she paid divine honours ; but as her father Acastus
interfered, and commanded her to burn the image, she her-
self leaped into the fire and expired.
Protesilao (iTp(or«^iA.a'G7).— Protesilaus was the son of
Iphiclus and Astyoche. Hia.^ative place was^ Phylace, in
Thessaly ; hence he is called PhylacXdes. He sailed for
Troy with forty ships, according to Homer, and brought
with him many Thessalian warriors. He was the first of
all the Greeks who was killed by the Trojans, being the
32
NOTES,
X
first who landed on the Trojan shore. According to the
common tradition, hg Jiigis slain by Hector. Protesilaus is
most celebrated in ancient story for the strong aflFection
existing between him and his wife Laodamia. His tomb
w^as shewn near Eleus, in the Thracian Chersonese, where
a magnificent temple was erected to him.
1. IJJjyttitr' 'r. ^^f'ttQ^ *l43aak§..ta-.gQ,!./la§uii.'„i^3aiaLa^
tivft for"^ of meOy I go. The order of these first two involved
lines is : Laodamia^ amans Ifaemonis, mittit salutem viro
Hazmonio et j^toLJrfi,. qw miUitiur'{«alus]. Another inter-
pretationjaakes im = p^miiire,-e^ad.-xiad&x»ts>»d»- salutem
before it; i.e., wishes the letter .{saliUem^ to arrive at the
^^^place whither it is sent. Not so good.
Optat [Crr. oitTGo] governs ire.
Salutem [fr. s^^s] — Salus, a wish for one's welfare, ex"
pressed vivd voce or in writing ; here, in writing, and hence
salutem {pars pro toto) here = epistolam.
2. Haemonis-idis, adj. fem. = TA.essa?is. Thessaly was
called Haemonia, f^a^m Haemonia, oneiil^the daughters of
DejicaJiJin»JiKha.gaive her nama-tothat district.
3. Aulide.— ^^ a place of the third decl iision is put in
the ablative. Aulis, a sea-port town of Boeotia, where the
Greeks were detained by stress of weather, through the
anger of Diana on account of a stag slain by the uncon-
scious Agamemnon, who had to immolate his daughter
Iphigenia to appease the off'ended deity.
Est faina[fr./«^K aa (pdfia fr. (ptf^i'] * There is a rumor.
4. Hic-ventus, * Where was this wind?' i e. which
would have detained you at home with me. FugereSj said
reproachfully.
D the
ms is
ction
tomb
vhere
mm-
olved
viro
inter-
lutem
t the
re, ex
hence
ly was
ers of
put in
re the
rh the
mcon-
aghter
Limor.
which
8y said
HEROIDES. XIII.
33
6. * Then ought the seas to have opposed thy oara. '
Freta. — Fritum originally meant a sound or channel;
afterwards ii ed for the .sea.
Distinguish /r^^a and/rc^a.
Vestris remis, 'the oars of ■ our crew.* Hemis, dative
after obsistere.
6. Illud-.aquis. * That was the proper season for the
waves to be boisterous.'
fila^jl3 means * roused to fierceness ;' Jknis, * naturally
fierce.' '^ ' ^
7. Dedissem. * I would have given;' plura, * many a ' or
* many. '
Mandata^ [in manus-do, I give in charge] 'injunctions,'
^.e., to take care of yourself, &c.
8. Plur^. 'Many things.'
9. Raptus [Gr. dpTtaZao.] Hmc, i.e., from Phylace, in
Thessaly.
Prseceps [prce-caputy headforemost] * in precipitate haste. '
Tua vela v'ocaret, * invited your sails,' i.e., persuaded you
to set oflF.
9. Et qui...ventUSerat. 'x4.nd the breeze which in-
vited thy sails, was such as the mariners desired, not I.'
10. NautSB) contracted form of navHoa, [navis, vavi]
dat. com.
i 1 . AfitUSaJrpm an obsolete verb,
waite d to , ' ' f aTora ble fcr. '
(i >,
[Gr, djcr&t^ to fit]
34 NOTES.
12. AmpleZUS, * embrace, 'fr. amplectory dkca-ci^upt (cir-
cum) plecti = 7t\4^c^^&at, to twine round a person.
Solvor. * I was torn.'
14. Vale is a noun here.
15. Ixii^ubuit * pressed upon,' Le^ blew violently^ J?or«tw
[Bopia<i] would be the favorable wind to convey him from
Thessaly to Aulis. Ahrepta {ah rapio.]
16. Jam> * Already ' denotes the swiftness of the action.
17. Juvabat) gov. me understood.
19. Ut-.-nonpoteram. r7i5 has force of (^mw?)!. 'When
I was no longer able,'
20. Vultusmeos, *niylonging.gaze.' Tm/^ws, the counte-
nance as to features and expression , frequently meaning
'angry looks ;' facies, the face.
22. Et auod....erat * And there was nothing but sea
forme to behold,'
PontUS, [Gr. TtovToS] *the open sea.'
23. Tenebris Obortis, abl. abs. Tenebrce, * the darkness
, or dimness of a swoon.' Obortis, fr. oborior [Gr. opw/ii,
op GO, Eng. arise],
24. SuCCiduo genu. * With tottering knees.'
Succiduo \suby from under, cade] Dieor, because in
swooning her senses left her ; she can therefore only speak
from what her friends told her. <2e7M^ jQ:r^jroi::t^Eng.
knee,
I 25. Iphiclus, son of Phylacus, and father of Protesilaus.
Orandceims [grande-a^vurn>].
i l\
m
HEROIDES. XIII.
35
Aeastus. Acastuji^^fatherjolLaodamia, is usually iden-
tified with AcM[tos,^on ol JPelias^ king iif_Tliessaly. He
was one of the Argonauts, and subsequently drove Jason
and Medea from loloos, after they had compassed the death
of his sire. Various other exploits of this hero are enume-
rated by ApoUodorus and others, but they possess no par-
ticular interest.
26. Befecit» * restored me. '
27. Pium, not piouSf but a£ectionate.
28. MiserSB, dat. after licuisse.
29. Pariter, * as well.'
31. Pectendos, * to be arranged,' by my tire-woman.
32. OapillOSjJ]cfl^<] * tresses.'
32. Aurata, [aurum] * inwoven with gold.'
83. Ut QUaS) * Like [the Bacchantes] wham,'
Pampinea-.liastai * the thyrsus, or magic wand of Bac-
chus, generally a spear-staff, round which vine-leaves were
entwined. Bicorniger [bis, comua, gero], * the two-horned
god.' Bacchus was frequently represented with horns.
34. Hucilluceo. *So do I go to and fro, whither
madness impels me."
35. Matres Phylaceides. *Phylaceis' is a feminine
adjective formed from * Phylace. ' Four towns bore this name,
oue in Thessaly, a second in Macedonia, a third in Epirus,
and a fourth in Arcadia : of thesCj the firht was the abode
of Protesilaus and Laodamia, Hence the shade of Protesilaus
is called by Statius Phylacew vmhra.
m
i
36
NOTES,
'-:
36. Indue . . . sinus. * Put on, Laodamia, thy ruyal attire.^
Laodamia, from Xdo<Sy Sa/idGo, like Protesilaus, from
7tp(SToi, Xdo?y both indicate an aristocratic or regnant
class. Hyginus says Protesilaus was ««o called because h^
was the first of all the people to land,
37. Scilicet, * I suppose, forsooth !' Murice, * purple p
properly, a shell-fish, murex, from which a purple dye was
extracted. Gerere vestes, *to wear clothes.' Oerere bella^
* to wage war.'
37. Saturatas. * Lana saepe dicitur colorem bibere vel
.wrbere,, quae vero plene et penitus tincta est, proprio verbo
dicitur saturari ' R.
* Murex,' * Ostrum,' * Buccina,' * Conehylium,' ' Purpura,'
are the names of shell-fish from which the red liquor, which
formed the principal ingredient of the purple dye, was
obtained, and hence, each of these words, and the adjectives
formed from them, are used for the dye itself.
38. Bella geret, antithetical to geram vcstes.
Iliacis, * Trojan.' Distinguish moenia and murus.
39. Comas pectar. ' Shall I myself have my hair ar-
ranged ;' lit. * be combed (as to) my hair.' An elegant Grss-
cism. Smn e, however, read pectam. Galea, ' helmet, ' usually
of leather, whereas the ca ssis is^ oLnifital-plate ; neither of
them a very comfortable head-piece.
40. Novas vestes, opposed to dura anna, and governed
hy ferae. The balance of antitheses in this and the preceding
lines is very fine. . _
tl
i'l
1
I
ml
II 1
HEROIDEK XIII.
37
41. Qng. jti^spnni f * as far-aa lean. * Quaj^sc^mu. Others
have qupj bg. squalpre. Squalor^ ' neglect of personal ap-
pearance.'
42. Tristis agam, * I will pass in mourning.'
43. Djcapaxi, if -nat thfiJbmfi-xeading, deserves to be so^
being infinitely superior to ' Pax Pari, ' It is the Homeric
JvdTtapi, i.e., O male et infelix Pari, which occurs II. 3-
39 ; 13, 769,
J-tdTtapi, eiSo^ aptdre yvratjuaj^ei iJTtEpoTtevrd,
Dyspari Priamide, * XMated^Pans, Priam's son !'
Rf)tib <rrpek Y nc2.\isj&ȣr.Dif^paris^ idos, and Briamides, ce,
Gr. pairony mic, from npiaMidr/i- ov. The Greek Jy i in
composition has the force of malum as well as infelix.
I>jjmnOi_dat5J^i^2BMa(ii. Form ose=_EjAai^ouu6ze^ Horn.
44 Sis, with optative force, * mayest thou.'
Hos-tis, hos-pes. — ffospes is akin -toJiasfi^^-pninArily a
strang er. = at.straiiger -who is-treated-.as a guest.
Iners, 'cowardly.' — Mnlus means 'cowardly ' as well as
*evil.' Paris was the guest of Menelaus just before he
eloped with Helen.
45. Aut te- .tuam. ' Either I could have wished that
thou hadst disliked tho lorm of the Taenarian wife, or that
thy own had been displeasing to her. '
T^nanim (now Oape Matapan), a promontory of Laconia,
and the southernmost point of Peloponcssus. Tcenaricc, udj»
))oot, for frra^m'-
38
NOTES.
Culpasse, contr. for culpavisse, * had found fault with/
Laodamia thus reasons ; If Paris had not admired Helen,
he would not have loved her, would not have carried her
off ; if she had nat been captivated by his personal attrac-
tions {formosuSf v. 43), she would not have eloped with him;
there would have been no war, and my husband would have
been at home with me,
47. Prorapta. *Tp_recQyerjour run^
Nimium, * excessively— much more than she is worth/
48. F^ejlilis, i^e. lacrimamm causa. So Amor. 2, 1, 32,
Eaptus et Hcemoniis flebilu Hector eqms.
49. Sinistrum, * inauspicious/ Laodamia deprecates the
wrath of tlie gods for having said muUis fleUlis, and hopes
her fears may prove unfounded. The use of * oniensi^^^'*-
irjtm' here is very appropriate, coming from a Greek; for,
in auspices and divinations, the Romans turned the face
towards the south, and so had the eastern, or fortunate, side
on their left ; while the Greeks, turning to the north, had
it on their right.
50. Det , * offer un. ' Reduci • . Jovi, * To Jupiter who re-
stored him in safevy/ It wai customary for returning
warriors to hang up their armour in the temples, and offer
sacrifices for their safe return. "Distinguish redUci [redux]
and reduci.
52. More...eunt. *My tears ilow just like the snow
^i%hd)f^ linofp^l hv the au'?..
More* abl, of manmr.
with/
Helen,
ed her
attrac-
bh him ;
Id have
srorth/
5, 1, 32,
ates the
d hopea
an smis-
ek; for,
;he face
ite, side
rth, had
■— <— «!«i*l
■ who re-
jturning
,nd offer
: [redux]
11
he snovf
ill I
llfl
tl
Wm ■
nil ^
Ml '
\^
HEK0IDE8. XIII.
39
53, Ilion...Simoisque. Ilion or Troy received many
names from its different kings. It was called Troja from Tros,
son of Ericthonius, and grandson of Dardanus : Temrkb
from Teucer ; Dq^dania from Dardanus ; Ilmm or Ilion
from Ilus, Troy comprised all that district to the north-
west of Mysia, in Asia Minor, bounded on the west by the
iEgean Sea, on the north by the Hellespont, on the east by
the mountains which border on the valley of the Rhodius, and
on the south by the Gulf of Adramyttium. The territory
of Troy, properly called the Troad, is for the most part
mountainous, being intersected by Mount Ida and its
branches ; the largest plain is that in which the city of
Troy stood. The chief rivers were the Satnioeis on the south,
the Rljoi^us on the north, and the Sjmois and Scamander
in the centre. These two rivers, so renowned in the legends
of the Trojan war, flow from two different points in the
chain of Mount Ida, and unite in the plain of Troy, through
which the united stream flows north-west, and falls- into
the Hellespont east of the promontory of Sigeum.
TenedOS) an island off th« coast of Troy. Xanthiis, a
river, and Ide^ a mountain of Troy.
55, Nec rapere ausurus. hospes erat, 'nor was the
stranger (Paris) Hkely to dare to run off,* with Helen. •
56. Noverat) fr. nosco ; old form, gnosco, Eng. know.
57. Spectabilis, * an object of wonderment' to the frugal
Spartan people. Aura, abl. of cause.
wealth of Phrygia,'
111 to
40
NOTES.
lllp
ill
mm-,
i
69. OlaaBejdriaOUe, 'armj. and navy.' Poten.H, axi^yly
venerat. Per quce, some read^^er </ifc08, referring to vins.
60. Quota pars. *Howsmplla part.'
61. His, i.e., by Paris's brilliant display and well-
appointed retinue. Vidam ( ease ) .
Censors Ledsea gemellis. The *gemelli ' are Castor
and Pollux, twin sons of Leda, and brothers of Helena and
Clytemnestra. ' Censors' is frequently applied by Ovid in
an expended signification to brothers and sisters.
Ledsea, * daughter of Leda.'
62. Daiiaia, dat. mco?/*.— The Greeks were called Danai,
from Dafiaus. Bon of Belus, and brother of Aegyptus, who
wandered out of Egypt into Greece, and there founded Argos.
Danais nocere, ' to work the Greeks woe.'
63. Hectora.nescioauemr' one Hector;' lit. * Hector,
1 know not who he may be." Paris had been boasting in
Greece of Hector's martial prowess. This was all Laodamia
knew about him, but she had fearful misgivings of some
mishap befalling her husband by Hector's hands. H er worst
f^ars were realized, for, as we have seen above, Protesilaus
fell by the bloody hand [mncruinea manu) of Hector,
64. Ferrea, *crueL'
65. Quisauis is est, si sum. Note the sigmatismus.
Euripide;j is charged with being fond of recurrences of
the letter s (sigma).
Tu- ~:u:i«*i^« iry fV^ia line -wrmilfl sppTt tiO lufUcate that
the Roman ear was not very delicate in these matters.
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HER0IDE8. XIII.
41
<>6. Signatum-habe. 'Have his name imprinted on
thy mindful breast.'
67. Vitaris^coatr, for^i^aj^gr?:^.
68. Hectoras, h. e. multos viros fortes qualis Hector R.
So Sueton. Caes. I. Gaesari multos Marios inesse. It is a
very common English idiom.
^^- Eacjt^ut dicas, i.e.> /Paanol^ to repeat. >
70. Parcere sibi. Laodamia intimates that if her hus-
band perishes she will also die.
71. Si... fas est. * If it be the will of heaven.' * Fas' pro-
perly denotes divine law, while human institutions are
called *jura.'
t 74. Ut rapiat...et armis. *That he may take from
{ Paris what Paris before took from him. Let him rush on ;
and him, whom he conquers in the justice of his cause may
he conquer, too, in arms !'
74, 75. The genuineness of thes6 two lines has been called
in question, in consequence of their being omitted in several
MSS. Moreover, * sibi' is startling, where we should have
expected *illi,' but this difficulty may be explained, by
supposing that the speaker puts himself, in fancy, in the
place of Menelaus.
77. Dispar, ' unlike ' that of Menelaus.
77. Vivere pugna. * Pugnare' frequently signifies * to
struggle,' *to make an effort to attain some object,' and in
this sense it is construed with the infinitive by the poets, as
in the passage before us.
42
NOTES.
'
t I
79. Parcite ...uni. * Spare, descendants of Dardanua,
this one, I beseech you, out of foes so many. '
79. Dardanidse. By a felicitous turn of the diction,
Laodamia apostrophizes the Trojans as if present.
80. MeuS- sanguis, *my life-blood;' because she was
so wrapt up in him, that the continuation of her own life
depended on his.
81. Non est...viros. * He is not one whom it becomes
to engage with the naked sword, and to present an un-
daunted breast to the opposing side. '
86, 86. Fateor [cf. Gr, (pd&), <prfMt]t *nowI confess,
what before I dared not say for fear of using ill-omened
vspeech.
Volui, [akin to /SovXouat] ' I wished to call you back,
and my mind was leading me.' ta_ificalL^i)u. Distinguish
animu^f anitna^ and mens,
86. Substitit, * stood still.' AuspiciL derived from avis—
spicere, here simply means * omen ;' lit., augury from birds.
87. Foribus, fr. foris, Gtj, 0v.fi^, En^. door,
SS. Pes, pedis, Ger. itov^, TCoSoi, 'Your foot gave an
ill-omea by stumbling on the threshold,' which amori(T the
ancients wa<! considered unlucky. Offenso limine, abL abs. ;
iit, *the threshold having been struck by it.' No omen
was considered more fatal than to stumble over the thres-
hold when setting forth u|>on a journey, or going in and
out upon serious business. For this reason a b ide was
always carried over the threshold, both when she left the
house of her parents and when she entered that of her
husl>and.
I
38
a-
s.
Is.
an
he
en
Ba-
nd
ras
;he
ler
up
y
HEROIDES. XIII.
43
91. Ne sis animosus. * Be nottoo forj^ard,' * too rash.
* Animosus' signifies, properly, * full of spirit,' and there-
fore, * brave,' * intrepid ;' so Ov. T. 4. 6, 3.
92. Fac . . . eat. * Cause all these apprehensions of mine to
vanish in the winds. *
94. Danaum, Gen. plnr.
Troada. *Troas,'adj. gen. Troftdis, * Trojan.'
06. Di faciant.. velis ! * May the gods grant that thou
mayest not desire to be thus courageous !'
97. Mille, used indefinitely. The exact number given by
Homer is 1186.
98. FatigataS) i.e., remis aliorum.
100. If we read * properas,' the meaning will be, * the land
to which you are hastening is not your native land.' If
'PllSP*'!?^,' *you liave no native land to which you can
hasten. ' The latter sense is manifestly quite inapplicable I
here.
101. Cum venies. 'When thou art returning;' lit,
* when thou shalt be retumiiig.'
102. Siste. 'Set,' thy foot.
103. Phoebus. The^W^/i^orPwre, an epithet of Apollo.
Greek ^oi/5o^,
Seu extat. * Whether he is visible. '
104. Dolor. * An object of care. '
105. Quarum. habet. 'Whose neck the aim placed
beneath supports,'
44
N(JTES.
107. Aucupor-.-SOmnoS. *Auciipor,' pro[>erly, *to
watch eagerly/ as a bird-catcher for his prey — and hence,
* to seize eagerly. '
Somnos. 'Dreams,'
108. Veris. * Real ones.'
111. Simulacra. *I pay homage to the visions of the
night,' i.e., I offer sacrifices in order to propitiate the noc-
turnal deities hy whom these ill-omened dreams (described
in the preceding couplet) were sent, and so to avert the evil
they threaten.
112. Thessalis. Gen. Thessalidis ;.adj. fem. *Thessa-
lian. '
Fumo meo- * Smoke of my incense.'
113. Quasparsa-..mero. * Sprinkled with which, the
flame burns bright, as it is wont to blaze up, when wine is
poured upon it.'
126. 'Distinquisih. paratis ajidparitls.
126 — 128. Three ablatives absolute occur in these lines.
PelagO* G-r. ireXayo?. This same sea now bears the name
of * The Archipelago. '
129. Suam. Referring to the legend that the walls of
Troy were the work of Neptune and Apollo.
Suam, because Neptune built Troy's wall?.
130. Ruitis, ruOf Eng. rush Redite, redeo ; fr. re and
eOj with an epenthetic d.
131. Vetantes. — An elegant reading is to7ia,des.
s
I r
i
HER0IDE8. Xiri.
45
132. Subiti casus* gen. sing., not noni. pi. Translate :
* This remarkable (ista) dolay (of your sailing) is not (the
result) of unforeseen chance (but the work) of the deity,' i.e.,
of Neptune.
133. Adultera. -Helen.
134. Inachiae rates. Inachus, the tutelary god of the
stream which bore the same name, and his son Phoroneus,
were the personages to whom the inhabitants of Argolis con-
sidered themselves indebted for a knowledge of the useful
arts and the establishment of social order. Hence Inachius
became equivalent to Argivus and so to Graecus. The pat-
ronymic Inachides is applied by Ovid both to Epaphus
whom lo daughter of Inachus bore to Jupiter, and also to a
more remote descendant, the hero Perseus, son of Jupiter
and Danae.
135. The common reading is * sed qui ego revoco', which
seems corrupt, since * the poets of the golden age shorten or
elide the final o of ego, never make it long.'
137. Troasin. 'The Trojan ladies.' Heinsius, offended
by what appeared to him a solecism, conjectures * Troasin'
the Greek dative plural. Such forms were undoubtedly
used by the Latin poets, for we find * Dryasin ' and 'Hama-
dryasin' in Propertius, and 'Arcasin' is recognised by
Martianus Oapella. See ' Various Readin . s. '
143. Producet. • She will detain.'
Reverti. *Toretuni.'
144. Referas.-.Jovi. * Take care and bring back these
arms for Jupiter. '
5
46
N0TE8.
149. NOS, i.o., ' We, Grecian wives, who are so far from
our husbands. ' .
149. Nos anxius . timor. ' Anxious apprehensions com-
pel us to fancy everything to he done that can happen.'
151. Diverso in orbe. ' In a distant region.'
152. Quae- . tUOS. * I have a waxen image which recals
thy features.'
153. lUi. 'To it.'
155. She imagines some mysterious connection or sym-
pathy to exist between Protesilaus and this waxen image.
157. Hanc specto. ' At this do I look.'
158. Et -.(lueror. * And, as if it could utter words in
answer, do I complain.'
150. Animi. *0f affection.'
161. Perque, . . CUput- * And by that h*od, which mayest
thou with thyself restore to me, that I may behold it white,
with its hoary locks '
164. Sive...quod heu timeo .eris. 'Whether
which alas I dread, or whether thou shalt be surviving.)
A beautiful example of aposiopesiSf after the first ww.
VARIOUS READINGS.
* Aemonis Aemonio ' L. 4. Nine MSS. 'A me.' 7. One
MS. * plura meo.' 8. Many MSS. ' multa tibi,' and so L.
13. 'mandatis.' lb. ' relihquit ' B. 14. *potui' L;
others * volui.' 15. *abrepta;' *erepta;' 'afflata.' 23.
i I
'§
HEROIDES. XIII.
47
' tenebrisque ' L. 26. * membra refecit/ 29. *Utqiie
animus rediit.' 35. * Phylleides ' B, the conj. of H;
'Phylaides.' 39. ' pectam.' 38, 39, 40. 'gerat,' * pre-
matur,' 'ferat,* and »o B. 41. 'Quo possum' L. 48.
' Dyspari,' ' Dispari ;' all the rest have * Dux Pari,' and so
B and L. 49. ' omen revocate.' 51. * quoties subiit.' 53.
'Ida.' 59. H. conj. 'per quos.' 60. ' quotacunque, '
' quotaquaeque,' and so B, * quotaquamque.' 65. 'si
quisisest.' lb. 'tibicura.' 69. One MS. ' facitodicas,'
and so B. 74, 75. These two lines are wanting in some
MSS. 83. 'Fortis ille potest multo qui pugnat amore,'
•cui pugnat ;' H. conj. ' quum pugnat amore,' and so B.
i^6. 'Sed stetit,' or ' Sed stetit auspiciis lingua retenta
malis.' 89. * IJt vidi, gernui ;' 'Et vidi etgemui;' H conj.
*Ut vidi, ut gemui,' and so B. 90. 'recursuri.' 94.
'tanget,' 'taugit.' 100. 'properes' B. 111. ' Excitor e
somno. ' 113.' Tura damus lacrimasque super quae sparsa
relucet. ' ' Tufa damus lacrimamque super qui ora relucet. '
' quaesa relucet ' ' quis ara relucet. ' 114. 'a fuso ;' others
'effuso.' 116. 'tristitiasolvar.' 119. H conj 'juvarit.'
120. 'rapies.' 121. ' narrantis ;' one 'narranti.' 122.
•h'nguae.' lb. ' retenta mora ' B.* 131. 'audite sonantes,'
'tonantes.' 135. 'Sed quid ego revoco haec ? Omen
revocantis abesto,' and so B and L ; or ' Sed quid ego haec
revoco? Omen revocantis abesto.' 137. One MS. has
• Troas ;' all the rest have ' Troadas ;' Salmasius and H
conj. ' Troasin,' and so B. 144. 'face ' B. 148. * pectora'
B. 151. 'geris,' 'geras.' 154. 'illatuos.' 166. ' claud-
atur.' 166. Almost all MSS. ' Sit— sit, ' and so L ; one
ha« *Si— si.'
VOCABULARY.
EXPLANATIONS OP ABBREVIATIONS, &o.
c/ compare.
V. a verb active.
V. p " passive.
v.n <* neuter.
v.ir ♦♦ irregular.
V. dep — " deponent.
v.imp... '• impersonal.
intens. . . . intensive.
s substantive.
ind .• indeclinable.
m masculine.
/. feminine.
fr from.
n neuter,
c .. common.
ging
pl.orplur.
adj
eovip. adj.
subst.
sup. adj . ,
num. adj
pro ,
part
prep
conj
adv ,
CltG • a • • • I
singular.
plural.
adjective.
adjective in the com-
parative degree.
substantive.
adjective in the super-
lative degree.
numeral adjective.
pronoun.
participle.
preposition.
conjunction.
adverb.
et cetera.
The figures after the verb show to what conjugation
the verb belongs ; as 2. v. a. verb active of the second
conjugation. The genitives of nouns and the infinitives
and perfect tenses of verbs are given.
N. B. The meanings of the words given are those ap-
propriate to the Text, and not always the usual and
most general significations.
A.. See ab.
Ab. (a), prep. gov. abl.: 1.
From, aivay from. — 2.
From, down from. — 3. In
time : After. — 4. From, on
account of, in consequence
of. — 5. To denote the
agent : By, by means of
[akin to Gr. art-o].
Ab-eo, ivi or li, itum, ire,
V. n. [ab, 6o]. To go away
or depart.
Ab-sum, fiii, esse, v. n. [ab.
' away from ; ' sum, * to
be']. I. To be away from
a place or person ; to be
absent or distant. — 2. To
be wanting, to be free from .
Abies, etis, f. A pine tree ;
a fir.
Abreptus, a, um, part, from
abripio.
Abripio, pui, eptum, 3 v. a.
[ab, • from ;' rapio, ' to
2 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
I '
snatch ']. To drag away,
to hurry away.
Acastus, i, m. Son of Pelias,
King of Thessaly, hus-
band of Astydamia, and
father of Laodamia.
Ac-cipio, cepi, ceptum, cip-
ere. 3. v. a. [for ad-capio.]
1. To take, receive. — 2.
To perceive, hear, learn. —
Pass.: ac-cipior, ceptus
^ sum, cipi.
Adoro, avi, atum. 1. v. a.
^ To speak to, entreat, adore.
Acutus, a, um, adj. [aciio,
Ho sharpen']. Sharp,
pointed, clear.
Ad, prep. gov. ace. To, to-
wards.
Addo, didi, ditum, ere. 3. v.
a. To add.
Ademptus. a, um, P. perf.
pass, of adimo.
Adf undo, f udi, f usum. 3. v. a.
To pour to or upon.
Adfiisus, a, um, part ofad-
fundo.
Ad-imo, emi, emptum, im-
ere, 3. v. a. [for ad-emo ;
fr. ad, * to ;' emo, * to
take']. To take away from
another ; to deprive an-
other of. — Pass. : ad-imor,
emptus, sum, imi.
Admitto, misi, missum, 3.
„ V. a. To admit.
Ad veho, xi, ctum. 3. v. a. To
bring to.
Adver-sus, sa, sum, adj.
[fr. advert-o, *to turn
towards']. Opposite, ad-
verse.
Adultfira, ae, f. An adul-
teress.
^Equ-or, oris, n. [sequ-o,
* to make level']. 1. The
smooth surface of the sea.
— 2. (Sometimes plur.) :
The sea.
iEquoreus, a, um, adj. Of
the sea [ajquor, 'the sea'].
^-tas, tatis. f. [fr. aev-um,
'life, age']. Time, or sea-
^ son, of life ; age. .
Ago, egi, actum, agere, 3. v.
a. \. To drive. — 2. To
chase, pursue, — 3. To ef-
fect, do. — 4. To plead. —
5. To enjoy. -6. Of thanks :
to return. — 7. Of feasts :
to keep. Res agendae^:
business. — Pass.: agor, ac-
tus, sum, agi.
Ah, inter j. Ah! Alas!
Alb-eo, no perf. nor sup.,
ere, 2. v. n. [alb -us,
' white']. To be white.
Al-ius, ia, iud (Gen. alius ;
Dat. alii), adj. Another,
other [akin to Gr. aX-
XoS],
Al-tus, ta, tum, adj. [al o,
'to nourish ']. (a) High,
lofty. As Subst : altum,
i, n. A lofty place or spot.
— (b) Aloft, on high. — ■
Beep. Comp. : alt-ior.
Amica, ae, f. A female
friend, a mistress [anno,
'to love'].
II.
itej ad-
^ adul-
'sequ-o,
1. The
the sea.
plur.) :
ij. Of
le sea'].
Bv-um,
or sea-
re, 3. V.
-2. To
To ef-
*lead. —
thanks:
feasts :
indae —
gor, ac-
lasl
V sup.,
alb -us,
vhite.
. alius;
inotheVf
r. aX-
j. [al o,
altum,
or spot,
high. — ■
It-ior.
female
3 [amo,
VOCABULARY.
Am-o, avi, atum, are, 1. v.
a. To love. Siquisamas
— If you love^ or take a
^ pleasure in.
Am -or, oris, ni [am-o, ' to
love']. 1. Love. — 2. A be-
loved objecty a love.
Amplexus, us, m. [amplec-
tor, *to twine around'].
An encircling J an embrace^
caress.
An, conj. [prob. a primitive
word]. 1. Introducing the
second half of a disjunc-
tive sentence : Or : — an
. . . an, whether . .or. —
2. Whether or not. — 3.
W ith utr um to be supplied
in first clause : ( Whether)
or.
Andromache, es, f. The
wife of Hector.
Animosus, a, um, adj. [ani-
mus, * courage']. Cou7-
ageous, bold^ spirited.
An-imus, imi, m 1. Thera,-
tional soul in man ; mind.
-2. Disposition, character.
— 3. iJourage, heart, spirit
[akin to Gr. avejuoS, *a
stream of air'].
An-nus, ni, m. : A ^ear [akin
to Gr. €v-yo<s = €v-iav-
Toif 'a year'].
Ante, adv. and prep. : 1.
Adv. : (a) Before, in front.
— (b) In time : (a) First. —
(b) Before, previously. —
2. Prep. gov. ace. Before,
in front of. [Gr . a vti.]
Antenor, oris, m. A noble
Trojan.
Anus, us, f. An old woman.
Anxius, a, um, adj. [ango,
'to bind']. Anxious, so-
licitous, uneasy.
Apei-tus, a, um, adj. [aperio,
' to open ']. Open, clear.
Appello, avi, atum, 1 v. n.
and a. To approach, ac-
cost, name, call.
Appono, posui, positum, 3.
V. a. To place near, unite.
Appositus, a, um, /jar^. q/
appono.
Apte, ad. Closely, fitly, suit-
ably.
Ap-tus, ta,tum, adj. [o' sol.
ap-io, * to lay hold of '].
With Inf. : Suited, adai^t-
ed ; ready, of a sword.
Aqu-a, 86, f. ; 1. Water. —
2. T'he water, the waters.
Ar-a (old form as- a), se, f.
An altar.
Arbitrium, ii, n [arbiter, 'a
master']. Will, pleasure.
Arbos, or, arbor, oris, f. A
tree.
Ardeo, arsi, arsum, 2.v. n
To burn or be inflamed
Arena, ae, f. [areo, 'to be
dry']. Sand.
Aridus. a, um, adj, [areo,
'to b'- dry']. Dry.
Arista, a . f . The top, awn,
. or beard of an ear of grain .
Ar-ma, morum, n. plur.
Arms, weapons [akin to
ap-oOi *to adapt'].
*■ 'i
w
4 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
I
! )
Armentum-i, n, faro, *to
plough']. Cattle, a drove,
a herd.
Aro, avi, atum, 1. v. a. To
plough {apoGo).
Ar-s, tis, f. I, Art, skill.
2. Science, knowledge. — 3.
Stratcugem, device, artifice.
— 4. Business [akin to
ap-GO, *to join'].
A-spicio, spexi, spectum,
spicere, 3. v. a. : [fr. ad,
specio]. ^ To look on or
upon ; to behold, see.
Assiduus, a, um, adj. [as-
sideo, *to be continually
somewhere']. Continual,
perpetual.
At, conj. But [akin to Gr.
dv-dp, 'but'].
Atrides, 8e, m A male de-
scendant of Atreus.
Attonitus, a, um, adj. [at-
tono, 'to thunder at'].
Inspired, frantic.
Attingo, tigi, tactum, 3. v.
a. [ad. : tango, 'to touch'].
To touch against, attain to,
arrive at.
Auctipor, atus, 1. v. dep.
a. [auceps-cupis, *a bird-
catcher']. To go fowling,
chase, pursue.
Audio, ivi, itum, 4. v. a. To
hear.
Aufero, abstiili, ablatum,
auferre, v. a. [ab. : fero,
* to bear']. To carry off,
or away, to snatch away.
Aulis, idis or is, f. A sea-
port town in Boeotia, from
which the Grecian fleet
set sail for Troy.
Aura, ae, f . The air,kb breeze.
Auratus, a, um, adj. [au-
rum, 'gold']. Gilded, gilt,
adorned with gold.
Auspicium, ii, n. [auspex].
An omen from birds, aus-
pices.
Aut, conj. : Or: — aut. . aut,
either . . or.
Auxilium, i, n. [augeo, 'bo
increase']. Aid, help.
Barbarus, a, um, adj. ^^or-
eign, strange, barbarous.
Bellum, li, n. [old form
du-ellum ; fr. dii-o, 'two'].
War, warfare.
Bene, adv. Well.
Bicorniger, eri [bis, 'twice, '
cornu, 'a horn,' gero, 'to
bear']. Two-horned.
Blanditia, ae, f. [blandus,
'flattering']. A caressing,
fondling.
Blandus, a, um, adj. Charm-
ing, soft.
Bonus, a, um, adj. Oood
pious. Comp. : melior.
Boreas, ae. m. The north
wind, the north.
BoSj^ b5vis (Plur. boves,
bourn), comm. gen. A
cow or Gx ; — Plur. : Cattle
[akin to Greek Bov<i\.
Brachium, ii, n. An arm
[akin to Bpaxioov^
Cado, cecidi, casum, cadere,
3. V. n. To fall.
VOCABULARY.
Caedo, cecidi, caesum, 3. v.
a. To cuty to slaughter^
vanquish^ slay.
Caelebs, ibis. Unmarried^
single.
Caeralus, a, um, adj. [cae-
sius, 'bluish gray']. Dark
blue, azure.
Caneo, ui, 2. v. n. To be
gray or hoary.
Canis, is, c. A dog.
Cano, cecini, cantum, can-
ere, 3. v. n. and a. : 1.
Neut. : To sing ; 2. Act. :
To celebrate, or praise, in
song.
Canus, a, um, adj. Gray,
hoary, white.
Cap-illus, illi, m. Th^ hair
of the head[akin to cap-ut,
Gr. HStp-aXrji].
Capio, cepi, captuni, capere,
3. y. a. : To take, to cap-
ture, to receive, contain.
Pass. : capior, captus sum
capi.
Caput, itis, n. [KS(paXr},ci.
Ger. Kopf]. The head.
Car-eo, ui, itum, ere, 2. v.
n WithAbl. 1. To be
imthout, not to have, to fail
of. — 2. To be deprived of,
to want [akin Heip-GO,
* to shear '].
Carina, se, f . The keel of a
ship, a ship, vessel.
poem, poetry. — 2. A song
or strain.
Ca-rus, ra, rum, adj. Be-
loved, dear. Comp. : car-
ior : Sup. : car-issimus.
Ca-sa, see, f. A hut, cottage,
cabin, etc.
Castus, ta, turn, adj . Chaste,
pure [akin to Gr. xaB-
ap6<s, * pure '].
Casus, us, m. [cado, *to
fall']. A falling, accident,
chance,
Catiilus, i, m. A hound, dog.
Causa, se, f. A cause, a
reason, origin.
Caute, adv. [cautus, 'cau-
tious']. Cautiously, care-
fully.
Celeber, bris, bre, adj. Cele-
brated.
Celer, eris, ere, adj. [cello,
* to urge on']. Stvift, ra-
pid, quick.
Cera, ae, f. 1. Wax. — 2. A
waxen image, of ancestors
[akin to xj^p-oS].
Ceratus, a, um, part, of
cero.
Cero, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
[cera, 'wax']. To smear
with wax.
Certe, adv. [cerno, 'to sep-
arate']. Surely, certainly.
Certus, a, um, adj. [cemo,
'to decide']. Sure, cer-
tain.
Citus, a, um, adj. Quick,
swift, rapid [cieo, 'to
-~^„« n
IIl\J V C J.
Clamo, avi, atum, l.v.n. To
call, complain (xaXeo)),
Classis, is, f. Afieet,
i
••; 11
ft r?
6 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
It" i
I
^
Clau-do, si, sum, dere, 3. v.
a. To shutf to shut up^
shut irij enclose. — Pass. ;
clau-dor, sus sum, di [akin
to nXei-o), 'to shut'].
Clypeus, i, m. [HaA.v7tTG0,
* to cover']. A shield.
Cito, adv. (citus). Quickly^
soon.
Citus, a, um, adj. [cieo, *to
put in motion']. Smft,
rapidy quick.
[Coepio], coepi, coeptum, 3.
V. a. To begin.
Co-gnosco, gnovi, gnitum.
gnoscere, 3. v. a. [co ( =
cum),gnosco=nosco]. To
become well acquainted
with: in Perf. tenses, to
have knowledge of^ to know.
Pass. : co'gnoscor, gnitus
sum, gnosci.
C^go, coegi, coactum, co-
gere, 3. v. a. [contr. fr.
co-ago; fr. co ( = cum),
* together ; ' ago , * to
drive']. To compel^ force,
constrain.
Collum, ij n. The neck.
Coma, ae, f. Thehair{K6jdtf).
Com-e-s, comitis, comm gen,
[fr. com. (=cum, 'to-
gcthei ; ' eo, * to go '].
1. A companion. — 2. An
attendant on a person.
Comperio, pen, pertum, 4.
V. a. [pario, * to bring
forth ']. To find out, to
learn.
Compono, posiii, positum,
3. V. a. To put together,
compose, quiet.
Compositus, a, um, part,
from compono.
Concurro, curri, cursum, 3.
V. n. To run together, to
engage.
Conjugium, ii, n. [conjugo,
* to join']. Union,, wedlock.
Conjux, iigis, comm. gen.
[for conjug-s]. 1. Of men:
A husband.— 2. Of women:
A wife, spouse. — 3. Of
birds : A mate.
Cons6ro, sevi, situm, 3. To
plant.
Con-sisto, stiti, stitum, sist-
ere, 3. v. n. [con ( = cum),
insisto]. To place one^s
self, to take up one^s abode.
Consitus, a, um, part, of con-
s^ro.
Consors, rtis, adj. [con-sors].
Sharing. As Subst. part-
ner.
Con-spicio, spexi, spectum,
3. V. a. To see, behold,
observe.
Conspiciius, a, um, adj. [con-
spicio]. Conspicuous, dis-
tinguished.
Consto, stiti, statum, l.v.n.
To stand still, to agree, to
be manifest.
Consulo, ui, tum, ere, 3. v.
n. and a. To take counsel
or measures ; to consult.
Contentus, a, um, adj. [con-
tineo, * to hold together *].
Content.
VOCABULARY.
ConvenJo, veni, ventum. 4.
To come together^ to agree
toithf to please.
Comiger, era, erum. adj.
[cornu, *ahorn,'gero, *to
carry']. Homed.
Cor, cordis, n. The heart.
Corp-us, oris, n. A body.
Cortex-icis, m. and f. The
bark of the cork tree,
cork.
Credo, didi, dJtum, 3. v. n.
and a. : Act. With Objec-
tive clause : To beHeve^
or suppose, that; Pass. :
cre^dor, ditus, sum, di.
Credulus, a, um, adj. [credo,
*to believe ']. Believing,
conjiding, relying on.
Creo,avi, atum, l.v. a. To
bring forth, produce.
Cresco, crevi, ere turn, ere,
3. V. n. [creo]. To increase.
Crl-men, minis, n . [probably
akin to cerno]. 1. A
charge, accusation. — 2. A
crime, fault, offence,
Cruentus, a, um, adj. [criior,
* blood']. Bloody, cruel.
Culpa, ae, f. [cf. scelus]. A
fault.
Culpo, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
[culpa, *a fault']. To find
fault unth, blame.
Cul-tus, tus, m, [for coitus;
fr. col-o, *to cultivate'].
A f'lilt.hyif.i.nn • oyJf^Va/if^n
tillage, dress.
Cum, conj. i. q . quum. When.
Cum. prep. gov. abl. With,
together with. [6r. ^vVy
dvv].
Ciipidus, a, um, adj. [cupio,
* to desire ']. Desirous of,
eager for.
Ciipio, ivi or ii, itum, 3. v.
a. To desire, long for.
Cur, adv. [con tr. fr.'qua re,
or cui rei]. Why, wherefore.
Curro, ciicurri,*cursum, cur-
rere, 3. v. n, 1. To run.
2. Of streams : Torunjlow.
Cursus, us, m. [curro, *to
run ']. Running, journey,
march, voyage.
Dam-num, ni. n. Hurt,
harm, damage, injury,
loss [akin Gr. dajn-doo,
J to tame'],
Danai, orum, m. plur. The
Greeks.
Dardanides, se, m. De-
scendant of Dardanus, in
the plur. Trojans.
Be, prep. gov. abl. : 1.
From, away from. — 2.
From, down from. — 3.
From, or out of: From,
by, by means of.
Debeo, ui, itum, 2. v. a. [de-
habeo, *to have']. To
have from, to owe.
Decens, ntis, adj. [dScet,
*it becomes']. Comely,
graceful.
Decet, iiit, 2. v. n. and a.
Ta hfiMvni'nn ny nnti'nruMf ha-
comes, suits.
Defendo, d^ sum, ere. 3. v.
a. To .^ end.
8 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEEOIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
il
! ill I
! i ! I
Defensus, a, yxm, part, from
de/endo.
Def icio, feci, fectum, gre, 3.
V. n. To fail.
Deiphobus, i, m. A son of
Priam.
Bemergo, mersi, mersum,
3. V. a. [de; mergo, 'to
plunge']. To plunge down
into, overiShelm in.
Deni-que, adv. [fr. dein,
'then;' que, 'and']. 1.
At length, at last.— 2. In
a word, in short, brief-
ly- .
Depereo, ii, 4. v. n. To
perish, he lost.
Derigesco, gui, 3. v. inch. n.
To become wholly stiff, or
rigid.
De-sero, serui, sertum, ser-
ere, 3. v. a. [de, seroj. To
forsake, abandon,desert. —
Pass. ; de-seror, sertus
sum, seri.
Desiejno, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
To mark out.
Despicio, spexi, spectum, 3.
V. k To look down.
Destituo, ui, utum, 3. v. a.
[statuo, 'to place']. To
set down, forsake, desert.
Detineo, iii, entum, 2. v. a.
[de; teneo, 'to hold']. To
hold back, detain.
BSus. i (Nom. plur. di), m.
A god, deity [akin to Gr.
Oeoq
T>ico, dixi, dictum, dicere,
3. V. a. 1. To say.— 2.
To tell of, declare, men-
tion, etc.— 3. To speak,
utter. Pass. : dicor, dic-
tus sum, dici ';akin to Gr.
SeiH-vvjui].
Dies, ei, m. (in sing, some-
times f . ) A day, time.
DifFusus, a, um, adj. [diffun-
do, ' to scatter ']. Dishe-
velled.
Dig-nus.na,num,adj. With
Abi. : Worthy or deserving
o/[akin to dic-o].
Dimissus, a, um, part, of
dimitto.
Dimitto, misi, missum, 3.
V. a. To send apart, se-
parate, dismiss.
Di-rus,ra, rum, adj. Fearful,
terrible, dire, appalling
[prob. akin to dsi-doj,
'tofear'].
Dis-cedo, cessi, cessum, ced-
ere, 3. v. n. [dis cedo].
To go away, depart.
Dispar, aris, adj. Unlike,
different.
Displiceo, ui, itum, 2. v. n.
[dis ; placeo, ' to please'].
To displease.
Dissimiilo, avi, atum, l.v.a.
[dissimilis, 'unlike']. To
dissemble, disguise, keep
secret, disown.
Distinctus, a, um, part, oj
distinguo.
Distinguo, nxi, nctum, 3. v.
a. To separate, decorate^
adorn.
Diver-sus, sa, sum, adj. [di-
VOCABULARY,
9
vert-o]. 1. Turned away.
— 2. Different^ diverse.
D!u, adv. [old abl. form of
dies, 'a day']. Foralom/
timey long.
Do, dedi, dacum, dure. 1.
V. a. : 1. 7'o (five in the
widest acceptation of the
term. — 2. To allots ansign.
— 3. To supply, furnish. —
4. Of a sound ; To give
forth. — 5. Of a favour,
etc. To grant, concede
[akin to Gr. 8i-8Gii-/j.i] ,
Doleo, iii, itum, 2. v. n. 7'o
grieve, sorrow, mourn.
Dolor, oris, [doleo, *to
^ieve']. Orief sorrow.
Domina, ae, f. Lady, mistress.
Domus, i and us, f. A dwell-
ing, abode, house, home
[d6juo<5].
Do-num, ni, n. I. A gift,
present. — 2. A gift, or of-
fering, to the gods.
Dos, dotis, f. A marriage
portion, dowry.
Dulc-is, e, adj. Sweet, de-
lightful [usually referred
to yXvHvi],
Dum, conj. [akin to diu].
While, whilst, as long as,
until.
Duo, se, o, num. adj. plur.
Two. — As Subst. : Two
persons [dvo].
Durus. a. um. adi. Hard,
firm, harshf stem, difficult.
Dysparis, idos, m. Ill-fated
Paris.
Editus, a, um, part, ofido,
Edo, didi, ditum, 3. v. a.
[e— do, * to give ']. To
give forth, in pass, to be
sprung or descended fnym.
Edo, cdidi, editum, ere. 7'o
give forth, to declare.
Ego, Gen. mei (plur. nos),
pers. pron. /.
En in ter j . Lo ! beh old/ see !
Enim, conj. For.
Eo, ivi, or ii, itum. Ire, v.
n. : 1. Togo. — 2. Impers.
Pass. : itur. It is gone by
one ; i. e. one, etc. , goes ;
[Gr. ieraiy 'to go'].
Epistola, 86, f. A letter.
Ergo, adv. [akin to vergo,
' to bend ']. Therefore.
Eriio, iii, iitum, 3. v. a. To
cast forth, stir up, plough
up.
Et, conj. : 1. And, also, t^o,
—2. Even [Gr. eti].
Ex (e), prep. gov. abl. From,
away from. Of, out of.
[^|]--
Ex-cipio, cepi,ceptum, ere.
To take out, accept. [From
ex, and capio.]
Ex-cutio, cussi, cussum, ciit-
ere, 3. v. a. [forex-quatio].
1. To shake out or from,
— 2. To shake off, drive
away.
Exemplum, i, n. An exam-
vle. a nrecedfint.
Exeo, ii, itum, 4. v. n. and
a. To go out, or forth.
Exsanguis-e, adj. [ex-san-
«')'
10 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
guis, 'blood']. BloodlesSy
pale, wan.
Exsto, are, v. a. To stand
out, to be vinhle, appear.
Externus, a, um, adj. [extern
'outward']. Foreign,
strange.
Exuo, ui, utum, 3. v. a. To
drav) off, put off.
Fades, ei, f. [facio]. Fa^e,
form, aspect.
Facio, feci, factum, ere, 3. v.
a. To make, to give. In
pass. :fio,fieri,factu88um.
To be made, to become.
Factum, i. n. [facio]. A work,
deed.
Fagineus, a, um, adj, [fa-
gus, * a beech']. Of beech,
beechen.
Fagus, i, f. [g>i?y6<5]. A
beech tree.
Fallo, fefelli, falsum, ere, 3.
V. a. To deceive, conceal.
Pass. : fallor, falsus sum
[dcpXXGo].
Falsus, a, nm, part. [of fallo].
False.
Falx, falcis, f. A pruning
hook.
Fama, se, f . Fame, reputa-
tion, renown [<p7)jii?f].
Famula, ae, f. A maid-ser-
vant, handmaid.
Fas, inaecl. n [fari, ' to i
speak']. Divine ^a <j^ ■
rinht. nrnnpr. nfirTnitted.
• -i/---j s" -£ — 7 r- -
Father, fassus sum, en, 2. v.
dep. (fari, (pa'fi}]. To con-
fess.
Fatigo, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
To weary.
Fa-tum, ti, n. [f (a) -or, * to
speak']. 1. Destiny, fate.
— 2. Plur. : Personified :
7%e Fates ; the goddesses
of destiny.
Faunus, i, m. [faveo, *to
favour']. The tutelary
deity of agriculture, cattle
and shepherds.
Fax, f acis, f. A torch, jlame.
Fecundus, a, um [feo, *to
produce']. Fertile, abound-
ing in, full of.
Felix, licis, adj. [fe-o, * to
produce ']. Happy, for-
tunate, prosperous.
Femineus, a, um, adj. [fe-
mina. 'a woman']. Of a
woman, female.
Fero, tuli, latum, ferre, v.
irreg. : To bear, carry,
obtain, endure, it is said,
they say [akin to gjepao).
Ferreus, a, um, adj. [fer-
rum, 'iron']. Of iron,
cruel.
Ferrum, i, n. Iron, a sword.
Fertur, pres. ind. pass, of
fero = w said.
Fer-us, a, um, adj. : 1. Of
animals : Wild. — As
Subst. : (a) ferus, i. m. A
wild animxil; (b) fer-a, se,
f Avnldbeast. — 2. Gruel,
ilerce, savage [akin to
^Tfp, in -^olic dialect <p?7V>,
'a wild animal'].
Fid-es ei, f. [fid-o, 'to
F
F
I
VOCABULARY.
11
to
trust']. TrustJaithMW-
A given promiffe, a pledge.
Fio, fieri. See facio.
Flam-ma, mae, f. A flame
[fr. flag-ro, 'to burn or
blaze'; akin to Gr. (pAey
00, 'to burn'].
Flaveo-ere, v. n. [Flavus,
* golden vellow']. To he
golden yellow,
Flebiii^, e, adj. [fleo, to
weep']. To he wept over,
hewailed, lamerUed.
Fleo, flevi, fletum, flere, 2.
V. n.anda. To weep, shed
tears, to weep for [akin to
fflAf'-ttJ, * to gush or over-
flow'].
Fluc-tus,tu8,m [fr.fluo, to
flow']. A hillowy wave.
Flu-men, minis, n. [flu-o,
* to flow']. A stream, ri-
ver.
Fluvialis, e, adj. [fluvius,
* a river']. Ofanver.^
Foedus-eris, n. [fido, 'to
trust']. A league, covenant,
agreement, treaty, compact.
Foenum, i, n. Hay.
FoLcim, i, n. A leaf.
\Fon-s, tis, m. [fr.iund.-o,
\ * to pour forth']. A spring,
\ fountain. r , • ^
For-is, is, f . A door [akm to
Gr.evp-a].
Formosus, a, um, aaj. Lio^"
ma, 'form']. Finely form-
ed, heautijul, handsorne.
Fortius, adv. compar.offor-
titer. Bravely, valiantly.
Frater, tris, m. A brother.
Fretum, i, n. ['A strait'].
The .^ea.
Frons, dis, f. A leaf.
Fugax, acis, adj. [fugio, *to
flee']. Prone to Jiee, fiee-
Fugio,fugi,fugitum, tugere,
3. V. n. To dee.
FugUivus, a, um, adj . [fugio,
'to flee']. Fleeing away,
fugitive.
Fulgeo, fulsi, ere, 2. v. n.
To flash, to shine.
Fu-mus, mi, m. Smoke [akin
to Gr. 9i-a), 'to rush ].
Fu-nus, neris, n. : 1. ^ dead
hody, corpse.— "l. Funeral
rites ; a funeral, hurial.—
3. Death.
Furiosus. a, um, adj. [luroj.
Mad, raging.
Furo, tii, 3. V. n. To rage
or be furious.
Furor, oris, m. [furo, ,to
rage']. Hage, madness,
fury.
Gale?\, 36, f. A helmet
Gaudium, ii, n. [gaudeo, 'to
rejoice']. Joy, enjoyment,
pleasure. .
Gel-idus, ida, idum, ad],
[gel-o, 'to freeze']. 1.
Freezing, frosty.— 2. Cold,
icy cold.
Gemellus, a, um, ad], dim.
[geminus, 'a twin']. Tvnn
t ,
ifvi a.
m
HI
ST
■t
Gena, se, f. A cheek. ^
Genu, us, n. Ahnee{yoyv\.
12 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
r.
[A
Gen-US, eris, n. [gen-o, 'to
bear or bring forth ']. A
race, kind, sort.
Germana, ss, f . A sister.
Gero, gessi, gestum, gerere,
3. V. a. To carry on, con-
duct ; to carry, bear.
Gradus, us, m. [gradior]. A
step, degree, rank.
Graius, a, urn, adj. Greek,
Orecian.
Gramen, inis, n. Grass.
Grandaevus, a, um, adj.
[grandis, 'great,' aevum,
'age']. In years, old,
aged.
Gratus, a, um, adj. : 1. De-
lightful, dear, pleasing,
agreeable. ~2. Thankful,
grateful. Comp. : grat-ior
[akin to ;tapr-d?, 'caus-
ing delight'].
Grav-is, e, adj. I. Heavy,
weighty. — 2. Heavy, op-
pressive, grievous, hard,
severe. Comp. : grav-ior
[akin to Gr. papv?].
Gremium, ii, n. The lap,
bosom.
Grex, gregis, m. A Jlock,
a herd.
Habe-o, ui, itum, ere, 2. v.
a. To have, to hold, con-
tain [prob. akin to ait-
Tojuai],
Haemonis, idis, f. A Thes-
salian woman-.
Haemonius, a, um, adj. Of
Haemonia (Thessaly).
Hsereo, haesi, hsesum, haer-
ere, 2. v. n. To holdfast^
cling, belong.
Hasta, se, f . A spear, javelin.
Hector, oris, m. The eld-
est son of Priam.
Hecuba, ae, f . The daughter
of Dymas, and wife of
Priam,
Hei, interj. Ah! woe!
Helena, ae, f. A daughter
of Jupiter and Leda, and
the wife of Menelaus.
Herb-a, ce, f. Sing, and
Plur. : Pasturage, herbage,
grass, food [akin to Gr.
(pep $-00, *to feed'].
Heu, interj. Alas!
Hie, haec, hoc. (Gen. hujus;
Dat. huic), pron. dem.
This.
Hiems, emis, f. [xeijxGov\
Winter.
H-in-c, adv. 1. From this
place. — 2. Fromthis cause,
hence. — 3. After this.
Hinc atque hinc = 6w this
side and on that.
Hos-pes, pitis, m. 1. ^ visi-
tor, guest. — 2. An enter-
tainer; a host. — 3. =Gr.
IfVo?; A guest- friend.
Hos-tis, tis, comm. gen. 1.
A strajiger or foreigner.
2. (a) A public enemy, a
foe. (b) Plur. : The enemy,
in collective force.
Humeo, ere, v. n. To be
moist, damp, wet.
Hum-ilis, ile, adj. [hum-us,
VOCABULARY.
13
'the ground']. Low, near
the ground, mean.
Hum-iis, i, f. 1. l^he ground.
— 2. 0pp. tosequor, 'sea,'
The land [akin to x^M -oci,
' on the ground '] .
Ide^^-ea, and Ida^ se, ^ - A
high mountain in Phry-
gia, near Troy.
Ignis, is, m. Fh'e.
Il-le, la, lud (Gen. illius ;
Dat. illi), pron. adj. [fr.
is]. He, she, it, they.
lUic, adv. [illic (pron.),
'that']. In that place,there.
lUuc, adv. [adverbial neut.
of illic, 'that']. To that
side or rlace, thither.
Iliacus, a, um, adj. Ilian,
Trojan.
Ulion, ii, n. A poetical name
\ for Troy (Ilus, one of the
^ kings of Troy).
Imago, inis, f. [akin to
simili s] . Image, form.
Imitor, atus, 1. v. dep.
To imitate, represent.
Im-mensus, mensa,mensum,
adj. [fr. in. ' not ;' men-
sus, 'measured']. 1. Of
extent : Vast, huge, im-
mense. — 2. Boundless, in-
finite, endless.
Imperfectus, a, um, adj. [in
not perfectus, 'finished']
Unfinished.
Impetus, lis, m. Force, im-
petus, impetuosity.
Im-pleo, plevi, pletum, 2.
V. a. To fill up.
Im-pono, posiii, positum,
ponere, 3. v. a. [fr. in,
pono]. To put, place, set,
or lay upon.
In, prep. gov. abl. and ace. .*
1. With Abl.: (a) In.— (b)
On, upon. — 2. With Ace. :
(a) Into. — (b) On, upon. —
(c) For.—{^) To, unto.—
[Gr. Ev\
Inachius, a, um, adj. Ar-
give or Grecian.
Inachus, i, m. [^Ivaxo's].
Indchus, son of Oceanus,
father of lo, and first King
of Argos. The river In-
achus in Argolis was called
after him.
In-certus, certa, certum, ad j .
[in, 'not,' certus, 'sure'].
Not sure, uncertain, doubt-
ful.
Incldo, cidi, cisum, 3. [in-
caedo, 'to cut']. To cut
into, inscribe.
Incisus, a, um, part, of in-
cldo.
In-cumbo, cubiii, ciibitum,
cumbere, 3. v. n. [in, ob-
sol, cumbo, ( = cubo). To
lie doivn, to lean.
Indignor, atus, 1. v. dep.
To be indignant at.
Indigne, adv. [indignus, 'un-
worthy ']. Cfnworthily, un
deservedly.
In-diio, dui, dutum, duere,
3. V. a. : 1. To put on gar-
ments, etc. Pass. : in-duor,
diitus sum, diii[£?'-5t'(»].
m
Ul
14 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
I'
In-ers, ertis, adj. [fr. in,
ars]. Sluggish, slow, in-
active, etc.
Inf elix, icis . adj . Unhappy,
unfortunate.
Infero, tiili, illatum, ferre,
V. a. To bring into, cum
Dat.
Infestus, a, um, adj. Hos-
tile, inimical.
Ingemo, ui, 3. v. a. and n.
To groan or sigh over.
Iniquus, a, um, [in ; aequus,
'favourable']. Unfavoura-
ble, adverse, injurious, hurt-
ful.
Insignia, e, adj. [in, 'upon,'
signum, 'a mark']. Ee-
markable, noted, distin-
guished.
Iniitilis, e, adj. [in, 'not,'
iitilis, 'useful']. Use-
less.
Invideo, vidi, visum, 2. v. a.
and n. [in ; video, to see}.
To envy.
Invltus, a, um, adj. bn-
willing, against one's will.
lo, inter j. Oh! Ah!
Iphiclus, i, m. A son of
Phylacus andCleomene of
PLylace in Thessaly, one
of the Argonauts, and a
swift runner.
Ipse, ipsa, ipsum, pron. dem.
(is, this, that). Self, very,
identical'. As personal
pron.: One's self, Us own
self.
Irrito, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
[Irrio, 'to snarl']. To
exasperate, annoy.
Irruo, rui, 3. v. a. To rush
upon, or into.
Is, ea, id (Gen. ejus ; Dat.
ei), pron. dem. This or
that persoL or thing. — As
Subst. : (a) is, m. He. —
(b) ea, f. She — (c) id, n.
sing. : The thing just men-
tioned, that thing — (d) ea,
n. plur. The things just
mentioned, those things.
Is-te, ta, tud (Gen. istius ;
Dat. isti), pron. dem. [is;
demonstr suffix te]. 1.
This, or that, person or
thing. — 2. Such as this,
etc.
I-ter, tineris, n. [eo, 'to
go ']. A road, way, path,
course, journey, etc.
Jac-eo, iii, itum, ere, 2. v. n.
1. To lie, lie, down. — 2.
To be despised.
Jam, adv. 1. At that time;
then. — 2. At this time ;
710W, soon.
Jubeo, jussi, jussum, jufc-
ere, 2. v. a. To order,
command, bid. — Pass. :
jiibeor, jussus sum, jii-
beri.
Jugum, i. n. [jungo]. A yoke
for oxen.
Jiigum, i, n. [jungo, *to
join']. A yoke, a moun-
tain ridge, height.
Junctus, a, um, P. perf.
pass, of jungo.
VOCABULARY.
15
Jungo, junxi, junctum, jun-
gere, 3. v. a. 1. To join,
unite. — 2. T'o yoke. — 3.
Pass. '.To he joined to,
i. e. to sit close beside. —
Pass. : jungor, junctus,
sum, jungi [akin to Gr.
^vy, root of ^ei'yvvjui].
Juno ; onis, f. Juno, the
daughter of Saturn, sister
and wife of Jupiter.
Juppiter, Gen. Jovis, m. Ju-
piter; a son of Saturn,
and mythic king of the
heathen celestial deities.
Juro, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
[jus, 'right']. To swear.
Jussi, perf. ind. of jubeo.
Jus-tus, ta, turn, adj. [fr.
jus, jur-is]. Just, up-
right.
Juvenca, ae, f. [juvenis,
'young']. A heifer, girl.
Jiiven-is, is, adj. comm. gen.
Young, youthful. — As
Subst. : A young person ;
a youth, young wan.
Juvo, juvi, jtttum, are. 1. v.
a. To delight, to avail.
Lab-or, oris, m. Labour,
toil [akin to Gr. Xa/j,
rootol Xa{^)fd-av GO, *to
take'^.
Laboro, avi, atum, 1. v. n.
[labor, ' labour ']. To la-
bour, toil, strive.
Lacaena. ae. f. adj. Lace-
daemonian, Spartan.
Lacertus, i, m. The upper
arnif the arm.
Lacrima, se (old form dacri-
ma). f.^ A tear [akin to
Gr. daxpv].
Lacrimosus, a, um, adj. [la-
crima, 'a tear 'J. Mourn-
ful, lamentable.
Laido, Isesi, Isesum, laedere,
3. V. a. To hurt, injure,
harm. — Pass.: Isedor, Iob-
sus, sum, Isedi.
Laetitia, ae, f. [laetus, 'joy-
ful']. Joy, gladness.
Lana, se, f. Wool [Xifvo'o
or Xocxyf^].
Languidus, a, um, adj. [lan-
gueo, ' to be languid '].
Languid, faint, weary.
Laodamia, se, f. A daugh-
ter of Acastus, and wife
of Protesilaus.
Lassus, a, um, adj.. Faint,
languid, weary.
Lat-eo, iii, no sup., ere, 2.
V. n. To lurk ; to lie hid
or concealed [akin to Xa9',
root of Xa{r)0-dvGO, * to
lie hid']. •
Lectus, i, m. [Legov,'iiQ»ga-
thfiri.]. A couch, bed.
Ledaeus, a, um, adj. Of
Leda.
Legitimus, a, um, adj. [lex,
'law']. Lawful, Ic :il.
Lego, legi, lectum, legere,
3. V. a. To collect, gather
together. Toread. — Pass.:
legor, lectus sum, legi.
Leniter, adv. [lenis, 'soft'].
Softly, mildly, calmly.
Lev-is, e, adj. Light j sligJU,
16 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
1 r
trifling f fickle [akin to Gr.
Lex, legis, f. [ = leg-s ; fr.
leg-o, * to read ']. A law,
statute, decree, ordinance.
Licet, licuit and licitum,
est. 2. It is allowable,
one may.
Lingua, se, f. The tongue.
Linteum, i, n. [linteua,
'made of flax']. A sail.
Litera, ae, f. (Lino). A
letter.
Litus, oris, n. The shore,
coast, beach, strand.
Longaevus, a, um, adj. [lon-
gus, 'long;' aevum, 'age'].
Of great age, aged.
Longe, adv. [longus, 'long*].
Far off, far away.
Lugeo, luxi, luctum, 2. v. a.
To bewail, lament, mourn
for.
Lux, lucis, f. Light, day.
Lympha, ae, f. A water
nymph, water.
Macula, se, f. A spot, a
mesh.
Madeo, ui, 2. v. n. To be
\ moist or wet, to be imbued
with, to melt.
Madidus, a, um, adj. [ma-
deo]. Wet, watery.
.^taestus, a, um, adv. Sad,
sorrowful.
Mag-is, comp. adv. [root
MAG. Seemag-nus]. More;
in a gr'eater or higher de-
gree : magis quam, mor^.
than.
Magistra, ae, f. A mistress^
a teacher.
Mag-nus, na, num, adj. : 1.
Great. — 2. Mighty, power-
ful. — 3. Noble, famous,
Comp. : major ; Sup. :
maximus [root mag, akin
to Gr. jus^-a'S].
Malus, i, c. An apple tree,
mast.
Mal-us, a, um, ad j . — 1 . Bad.
— 2. Unfortunate, adverse,
calamitous. — As Subst. :
malum, i. n. An unfor-
tunaJe thing, etc. ; i. e. A
misfortune, calamity, etc.
Comp. : pejor ; (Sup. :•
pessimus) [akin to Gr.
fxeX-a%, 'black'].
Manda-tum, ti, n. [mand-
(a)-o, * to enjoin ']. A
charge, instruction, com-
m.ission, command.
Mando, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
[manus, 'the hand;' and
do, 'I give']. To commit,
consign.
Man-eo, si, sum, ere, 2. v.
n. To remain, continue
{jiiiy-oo].
Ma-nus,nus,f. 1. Thehand.
— 2. A band, or company.
Margo, inis, c. An edge,
brink.
Marita, ae, f. [mas, 'a male'].
A married woman, wife.
Marit-us, i, m. [marit-us,
'married']. A husband.
Matrona, ae, f. [mater, 'a
mother']. A wife, matron.
VOCABULARY.
17
Medeor, 2. v. dep. n. To
heal, cure.
Medicabilis, e, adj. [medeor,
'to cure']. That can he
healed, curable.
Memor, oris, adj. Mindful,
reminding.
Meiidax, acis, adj.[mentior,
*to lie']. False, decep-
tive.
Menelaus, i, m. A son of
Atreus, brother of Aga-
memnon, and husband of
Helen.
Mereo, ui, itum, 2. v. a.
To earn, deserve.
IMico, iii, 1. v. n. To quiver,
^ palpitate.
Militia, SB, f. [miles, *a sol-
dier '] . Military service .
Millesimus, a, um, [mille, 'a
thousand '] . Thousandth.
Minerva, se, f. A Roman
goddess, identical with
the Grecian Pallas Ath-
ene, the daughter of Ju-
piter, and the goddess of
wisdom.
Mi-ror, ratus, sum, rari, 1.
V. dep. To wonder, or
marvel at.
Misceo, miscui, mistum, or
mixtum, miscere, 2. v. a.
1. To mix or mingle. — 2.
To join, unite. — 3. To
throw into confusion, to
dAsturh-. Pass, : misceor,
mistus or mixtus sum,
misceri [akin to Greek
jni(5y-G0f juty-vv/ni].
Mis-er,Sra,erum,adj. [prob.
akin to masr-eo, ' to be
sad ; ' maBS-tus, * sad '].
Wretched, miserable : — me
' miserum, wretched me! or
woe is me !
Miserabilis, e, adj. [miser-
or, *topity']. Mournful,
sad.
Misereor, itus, 2. v. dep.
[miser, 'wretched']. To
pity.
Mitto, misi, missum, mit-
tere, 3. v. a. To send,
send forth. — Pass. : mit-
tor, missus sum, mitti.
Mobilis, e, [moveo, ' to
move ' ]. Easily moved,
changeable.
Modice, [modicus, * mode-
rate ']. Moderately.
Moen ia, ium, n. plur. Walls
oi a.city[8ikmtod-jiivv-G0
'to ward ofif'].
Moestus, a, um, adj. [moe-
reo, 'to be sad']. Sad,
sorrowful.
Moles, is, f. An Immense,
or last, mass.
Mon-s, tis, m. [fr. min-eo,
' to project]. A moun-
tain.
Monstro, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
[moneo, 'to remind']. To
show, point out.
Mora, 86, f. Delay.
Mordeo, momordi, morsum,
2. V. a. To bite, eat away.
Mor-ior, tiius, sum, i, 3. v,
dep. To die.
m
. I
18 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
Mor-or, atus sum, ari, 1. v.
dep. [mor-a, 'delay']. To
delay, tarry, linger.
M-os, oris, m. Usaije, habit,
custom, practice.
Multo, adv. Much, by much,
far.
Munitor, oris, m. [munio,
*to fortify']. A fortifier,
builder.
Murex, icis, m. The purple
fish, pmple dye, purple.
Miito, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
[moveo, * to move ']. To
change, alter.
Mycenaeus, a, um, adj. ,0f
or belonging to Mycenae,
Myce - naean (Mycenae,
arum. A celebrated city
in Argolis, of which Aga-
memnon was king).
Nativus, a, um, adj. [nascor,
'to be born']. That is
produced by nature, natu-
ral.
Nauta, 86, m. A sailor, sea-
man.
Necto, nexiii, nexum, 3. v.
a. To bind, join, tie,
weave.
Nefas, n. indecl. [ne, 'not;'
fas, 'divine law']. Im-
piety, wickedness,
Nego, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
To say no, to deny, refuse.
Neptiinus, i, m. The my-
Ulliv; ULXJVi-vcs. \ri. t/wTc, mxivi.
god of the sea.
Ne*que (nee), conj. and adv.
nC, ' not ;' que, ' and '].
1. Conj. : And not, nor^
Adv. : Not.
Nereis, idos, f. [Nereus, *a
sea god '], A daughter of
Nereus, a Nereid or sea-
nymph.
Ne-scio, scivi or scii, scitum,
scire, 4. v. a. [ne-scio].
Not to know.
Nimi-um, adv. [nimi-us,
' too much ']. Too much ,
too.
Ni-si, conj. [ne, ' not ;' si,
'if']. 1. Unless, except. —
2. Save, but, except.
Nix, nivis, f. Snoin [riip,
Noceoj ui, itum, 2. v. n. To
hurt, harm, injure.
No-men, minis, n, [no-sco].
A name, appellation. .
Nun, adv. Not.
Non-dum, adv. [non, 'not;
dum, 'yet']. Not yet.
No -SCO, vi, tum, see re, 3. v.
a. 1. In present tense
and its derivatives : To get
or obtain a knowledge; to
become acquainted with,
come to know. — 2. In per-
fect tense and its deriva-
tives : To have become ac-
quainted with ; to know
[old form gno-sco ; Gr.
yi-yyGO-6KGo\.
Nudus, a, um, adj. Naked,
.%1 ^J^^VA J
Nupta, ae, f. [nubo, ' to
veil ' ]. Am arried ivoman ,
bndt, wife.
VOCABULARY.
19
Nuptus, a, urn, P. perf. of
nubo.
Nurus, lis, f. A daughter-
in-law.
Nympha, se, f.: I. A htide,
wife. — 2. A nt/mph.
Obortus, a, urn, part, from
oborior.
Ob-orior, ortus, 4. v. dep.
[oborior, 'to arise']. To
arise, sprimj up.
Obscenus, a, um, adj. Ill-
omened, fatal.
Ob-sisto, stiti, stituni, 3.
V. n. To set before, to
oppose.
Obsum, fui, obesse v.n. To
be against, be prejudicial
to ; to hinder, hurt, injure.
Ocellus, i, m. dim. [oculus,
'an eye']. A littk eye,
eyelet.
Occurro, curri, rarely cn-
curri, cursum, 3. v. n. To
go to meet, to meet.
Oculus, uli. m. An eye
[akin to Gr. oh-oS.]
Oftendo, di, sum, 3. v. a. To
thrust, or strike agaitist.
Offensus, a, um, part, from
offendo.
Of-fic-ium, ii, n. A voluntary
service, kindness, duty.
Oenone, es. f. A Phrygian
nymph, the daughter of
Cebren, beloved by Paris,
but afterwards deserted
by him.
Oppositus, a, um. Pa. Op-
posing, standing opposite.
Oro, avi, atum, 1. v. a. [Os,
'the mouth']. To beg, en-
treat, beseech.
Osculum, i, n. dim. [Os, 'a
mouth']. A kiss.
Paene, adv. Nearly, almost.
Pallens, ntis. Wan, pale.
Pampineus, a, um. adj.
[pampinus, ' a vine leaf '].
Full of vine leaves, decked
with vine leaves.
Par, paris, adj. Equal.
Parco, peperci, parcitum,
or parsum, ere, 3. v. a.
Cum dat. To spare.
Paris, idis, m. A son of
f*riam and Hecuba, who
carried off Helen, and
thus caused the Trojan
war.
Pariter, adv. [par, 'oqual'].
Equally, jointly.
Par-o, avi, atum, are, 1.
v.a. : 1. To prepare, make
ov get ready, eta. — 2. To
get, obtain, acquire [prob.
akin to Gr. (psfj-GD, Lat.
fer-o].
Par-s, tis, f. 1. (a) A part,
portion. — (b) Adverbial
Abl. : parte, In part,
partly. — 2. Of persons :
A part, som.e [akin to
cpdfjoo, 'to cut'].
Par-vus, va, vum, adj. [prob.
akin to par-s). 1. Pos. :
Sm,all, little. — 2. Of per-
sons : Little, youthful,
young. Comp. minor ;
Sup. : minimus.
20 p. OVIDII NASONIS HBROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
t
Pasco, pavi, pastum 3. v. a.
To paMurCy feed.
Pastor, oris, m. [pasco, *to
feed*]. A feeder, a shep-
herd.
Pecto, pexi,pexum,and pec-
tflum, 3. V. a. To comb.
Pegasis, idis. f. 1. Of Pega-
sus — 2. AfouTttain nymph
Pglagus, 1. n. The sea.
Pellex-icis, f . A concubinej
rival.
PerlSgo, legi, lectum, 5re,
3. V. a. [per-lego]. To
survey, scan, examine.,
Perman6o, mansi, mansum,
2. V. n. To continue, en-
dure, remain.
Pert!mesco, mui, 3. v inch.
a. andn. To fear greatly.
Pes, pedis, m. A foot [akin
to Or. Kovf). 7toS-6i].
Pesslmus, a, um. Sup. of
malus.
Pet-0, ivi or ii, itum, Sre,
3. V. a. To seek [akin
to Or. TCiitTGO, * to fall '
and Ttirofiai, * to fly.']
Pheraeus, a, um. adj. Of
Pherae,a city of Thessaly.
Phoebus, i. m. Ph»hus ; a
poetical name of Apollo,
the sun-god \^oifio^\
Phylaceis, idis, adj. f. Of
Phylace.
Pi-us, a, um, adj. Devout,
pious. Tefnder, affection-
ate, loving.
Pinus, us and i, f. : 1. A
pine-tree, fir-tree ; a pine,
fir. — 2. As built of pine
or fir : a ship, vessel.
Plang-o, planxi, planctum,
plangere, 3, v. a. To
strike, smite, beat {itXay,
root of TtXfjddoo, * to
strike ' ] .
Ploro, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
Lament, bewail.
Poly-damas, antis, m. A
Trojan.
Populus, i, f. A poplar
tree.
Post-quam, adv. Ajter that,
when.
Potens, ntis, (P. pres. of
possum), adj. Powerful,
mighty.
Prse-beo, biii, bitum, bere,
2. V. a. [prse-habeo]. To
give, grant, furnish, afford,
offer.
Praeceps, cipitis, adj. [prae-
caput, * the head']. Head-
foremost, steep, rapid.
Praecinctus, a, um, part.
from praecingo.
Praecingo, nxi, nctum, 3.
V. a. To gird, encircle.
Prae-moneo, ui, itum, 2. v.
a. Toforewarn,admx>ni^h.
Prsepono, ere, posui, posi-
tum, 3. V. a. To place
before, to add.
Preeteritus, a, um, P. perf.
Priamides-ae (Priamus, last
king of Troy). A son of
Priam.
VOCABULARY.
21
Pruina, », f. Hoar frosty
rime.
Pro-cumbo, cubui, cubi-
tum, 3. V. n. To fall,
sink.
Pro-duco, duxi, ductum, 3.
V. a. To lead forward^
to prolong f extend.
Proficio, feci, fectum, 3. v.
n. [pro-facio, ' to make '].
To go forwardy profit,
avail, accomplish.
Profundum, i. A depth, the
deep, the sea.
Prohibeo, ui, itum, 2. v.
a. [pro-habeo, 'to hold'].
To hold back, hinder, for-
bid.
Pro-mitto, misi, missum,
mittere, 3. v. a. [pro-mit-
to]. To promise.
Promptior, adj. oomp. of
promptus, 3, um. Ready.
Propero, T- " ^tniii, are, 1.
V. n. [pic To has-
ten.
Propior, ius, , adj. —
[Comp. of obsoi. propis].
Nearer. Superl. proxi-
mus.
Prora, ae, f. {it poo pa). The
prow of a ship.
Prosequor, secutus, 3. v.
dep. To follow.
Proterviis, a, um, adj. [pro-
tero, *to rub']. Violent,
rude, wanton, pert.
Protesilaus, i, m. A son
of Iphiclus, a native of
Phylace, in Thessaly.
Prudens, ntis, adj. (provi-
dent, foreseeing). Wise,
prudent.
Pudendus, a, um, part, of
pudeo. Shameful.
Piid6o, lii, or piiditum est,
ere, v. a. To be ashamed.
Pudicitia, ee, f. [pudeo, *to
be ashamed']. Chastity,
modesty.
Puella, SB, f. A little girl,
maiden.
Puerilis, e, adj. [puer, *a
child']. Childish, youth-
fid.
Pugno, avi, atum, 1. v. n.
[pugna, *a battle']. To
fight, do battle.
Puppis, is (Ace. and Abl.
mostly puppim and pup-
pi), f: 1. The hinder part
of a ship ; the poop or
stern. — 2. A ship, vessel.
Purpura, se, f. [7top<pvpa].
Purple.
Purpilra, se, f. Purple, a
purple garment.
Purpi\reus,a,um, adj. [pur-
pura, 'purple']. Purple-
coloured, purple.
Piit-o, avi, atum, are, 1. v. a.
[put-US, 'clean, clear']. To
deem, hold, think, suppose.
Qua, adv. 1. In which place,
where. 2. 'Se qu Ablest in
any way. 1. In which
place, where. 2. In what
2vay or manner ; how.
Quando, adv. When, conj.
since.
22 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
Qugrela, se, f. [quSror, \ to
complain ']. Complaint^
lamentation.
QuSror, questus, 3. v. dep.
To complain.
Qu6rtilus, a, urn, adj. [quS-
ror, 'to complain']. Com-
plaining, mournful, plain-
tive.
Quis-qiiis, quod -quod, or
quid -quid, or quic- quid,
pron. indef. Whatever,
whatsoever, person or
thing.— As Subst.: quis-
quis, m. Whoever, whoso-
ever.
Quis-que, quse-que, quod-
que, pron. indef. [quis,
*any; suffix que]. Each,
every, any. As Subst. :
quisque, m. Each one,
each.
Quocumque. Whithersoever.
Quon-dam,adv [fromquom,
old form of quern ; suffix
dam]. 1. Once, once upon
a time, formerly. — 2. At
some time, at any time,
sometim/'s.
Quoque, conj. Also, too.
Quo-t-ies, adv. [quot, 'how
many']. Hoiv many times ;
haw often.— 2. (a). As
many times, as often. — (b)
As many times as, as
often as.
Quotus, a, um, adj. [quot,
'how many']. How many,
which or what in order,
number, etc.
Radix, icis, f. [pdSt^). A
root].
Rap-idus, ida, idum, adj.
[rap-io, 'to tear.' etc.]
Tearing or hurryinrf
along, swift, i*apid, etc.
Rapio, ui, tum, 3. v. a. To
drag or hurry away, to
carry ofi\ seize.
Raptus, a, um, part, of
rapio.,
Ratis, is, f . A hark, vessel,
ship, [Gr. kfte66oo, 'to
row;' kper-juiov, 'an
oar;' Lat. remus, 'an
oar '].
Recens, ntis, adj. Recent,
fresh .
Recolo, colui, cultum, 3. v.
a. To till again, recall.
Recta, adv. [rego, 'to keep
straight ']. Straightway,
right on.
Recurro, curri, 3. v. n. To
run hack.
Redux, iicis, adj. [re,duco,
' to lead ']. That leads or
brings hack.
Reficio, feci, fectum, 3. v.
a. [re, facio, ' to make '].
To make again, restore,
revive.
Regia, ae, f. [regius, 'royal'].
A regal abode, a palace.
Reluce'o, luxi, 2. v. n. To
Jlash, shine brightly.
TfamTwre-rt av\ otllin. 2.V, a.
To remove, put aside, take
away.
Remus, i, m. An oar.
VOCABULARY.
23
Reparabilis-e, adi. [repftro,
• to get again ]. That
mail he 7'e<jained.
Repertor-oris, m. [reperio,
' to find ']. A discoverer^
inventor.
Repeto, tivi, titum, 3. v. a.
To hrimf backy renew, re-
peat.
Reposco, ere, v. a. To de-
mand back.
Requiesco, evi, etum. 3. v.
n. To rent, repose.
Resisto, stiti, 3. v. n. To
stand back, xcUkstand, op-
pose.
Resolvo, solvi, solutum, ere,
3. V. a. To unbind, loosen.
Respicio, , apexi, spectum,
spicere, 3. v. a. [fr. re ;
specio]. To look back at.
Rete, is, n. A net.
Re-tineo, tinui, tentum, tin-
ere, 2. v. a. [for re-teneo].
To detain, restrain. Pass,
re-tineor, tentus sum,
tineri.
Retro, adv. [re, 'back']-
Backwards, back again.
Reverentia, ae, f. [revereor,
'to respect']. Respect, re-
gard.
RSvertor, versus sum, verti.
3, V. dep. To turn bach,
to return.
Revoca-men, minis, n. [re-
voc(a)-o, 'to call back'].
A calling back, a recall.
Revoco, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
To call back, recall.
Rid-5o, risi, risum, ridere,
2. V. a To laugh at, de-
rifle, ridicule.
Rtgeo, ere, v. n. {fiiyeoo.
frigeo). To he stiff, ri-
gid.
Rigidus, a, um, adj. [rigSo].
Rigid, firm.
Ripa, »e, f. The hank of a
river.
R6g-o, avi, atum, are, 1. v.
a. To ask, beg. Pass. :
rog-or, iitus sum, ari.
Rudimentum, i, n. [rudis,
'rough']. A beginning.
Rumpo, rupi, ruptum, 3. v
a. To break, interrupt,
put a stop to.
Ruo, rui, rutum, 3. v. n. To
fall, to rush.
S|ltim, usually saltem, adv.
|(a contraction of salutim,
[from salvus). At least, at
all events.
Saltus, us. m. A forest-
pasture, woodland, forest.
Salus, utis, f. [salveo, 'to be
well']. Health, safety.
Saucius, a, um, adj. Wound-
ed or hurt.
Sanguineus, a, um, adj.
rSanguis, 'hlood']. Bloody,
blood-stained.
Sapio, Ivi or li, 3. v. n. To
have a taste, to he prudent
or wise.
Saturo, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
I- w. , , 111 /TT- J}n J..
[satur, ■sateci j. i ojihi, cv
dye.
Satyrus, i. m. A satyr, a
24 p. OVIDIl NASONIS HEROIDES, EPI8. V., XIII.
sylvan deity, companion
of Bacchus.
Sceptrum, i. n. - 6KxiitTpov
A Hceptre.
Scl-llcet, adv. [contr. fr.
acire-licet, 'it is permitted
to know ']. In good trtUhy
indeed^ forsooth.
Scribo, scripsi, scriptum, 3.
V. a. To laritf, to describe j
celebrate.
Seco, ciii, ctum, are, 1. v. a.
To cut.
Secundo, are, v. a. [sequor,
* to follow']. To adjust^ to
favor.
Secundus, a, um, adj.
Second, favourable.
Sed, conj. But, yet.
Sem-el, adv. : 1. Once, but
once, once for all. 2. At
once [akin to ci'/ii-a].
Somen, inis, n. [sero].
Seed.
Semper, adv. [akin to sem-
el]. Always, ever.
Sen-ex, is adj. [sen-eo, *to
be old']. Old, aged. —
As Subst. : An old man ;
Comp. : sen-ior.
Sequ-or, utus sum, i. 3. v.
dep. : 1. To follow. — 2.
To pursue [akin to Gr.
€7tojuai].
Servus, i, m. [sibilated from
kpvGO, * to drag away '].
A slave, servant, serf.
Simulacrum, i, n. [Simulo,
* to make like ']. A n image.
Sinister, tra, trum, adj.
On the le^t hand or side,
unlucky, unfavourabk.
Sino, sivi, situm, 3. v. a.
To aVmv, permit, suffer.
Sinus, us, m. A bending,
bosom, lap, garment.
Socer, eri, m. A father-in-
law.
Socius, i, m. A friend, ally,
companion, comi'ade.
SoUicitus, a, um, adj. [Sol-
lus, ' whole ' ; cieo, * to
move']. Agitated, dis-
turbed, anxious.
Spargo, sparsi, sparsum,
spargere, 3. v. a. To
sprinkle, scatter. Pass :
spargor, sparsus sum,
spargi.
Spectabilis-e, adj. [specto,
* to look at']. Visible,
notable.
Spec-to, tavi, tatum, tare,
1. v. a. and n. intens.
[spec-io, *to see']. 1. Act. :
To look at, or towards; to
gaze at or upon. — 2. Neut. :
To look, gaze, etc.
Spes, spei, f. [fr sper-o].
Hope, expectation.
Spiro, avi, atum, are, 1. v.
n. To breathe.
Splendidus, a, um, adj.
[splendeo, ' to shine '].
Brilliant, noble.
Squalor, oris, m. [squaleo,
'to be stiff']. Stiffness,
squalor.
Stramen, inis, n. [sterno 3,
'to spread']. Straw, litter.
VOCABULARY.
25
\
Strenuus, a, um, adj. Brisks
active^ energetic^ vigorous.
SuadSo, suasi, suasum, 2.
V. a. To advise^ recom-
mend.
Sub, prep. gov. Abl. and
Ace. 1. With Abl. Urider,
beneath. — 2. With Ace.:
Under^ beneath [akin to
Gr. vit-6].
SubSo, ivi, or li, itum, 4.
V. n. To go under^ to
occWy advance.
SiiW-tus, ta, turn, adj.[sub-
eo]. Sudden^ unexpect-
ed.
Subsisto, stiti, Sre, 3. v. n.
To stop short.
Suecidiiua, a, um, adj. [sub,
cado, * to fall']. Sinking,
failing.
Suciis, i, m. [siigo, *to suek'].
Juice.
Super, adv. Therewpon^ be-
sides. [vitepi\.
Superstes, stitis, adj. [su-
per-sto, * to stand']. Sur-
viving, outliving.
Surgo, rexi, rectum, 3. v. a.
[subrego * to lead straight' ]
To rise, arise.
Suscito, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
[sub-cito, 'to rouse']. To
lift up, swell.
Suspicor, atus, 1, v. dep. a.
[suspicio, * to look up at'].
To mistrust, suspect, sur-
mise.
Taenarius, a, um, adj. Of
Taenarus, Taenarian.
Tam-qiiam (tan-quam), adv.
So as, just as, as U were.
Tango, tStfgi, tactum, tan-
gere, 3. v. a. : 1 . To touch.
— 2. Of places : To come,
or go, to: to reach, arrive
at.
Tant-um, adv. [adverbial
neut. of tant-us]. 1. So
much. — 2. Otily.
Tant-us, a, um, adj. : So
much; so great or large.
Tego, texi, tectum, tSgSre,
3. V. a. To cover. — Pass. :
tegor, tectus sum, tegi
[akin to Gr.drfy-oo].
Tellus, uris, f. : 1. The earth-
as opp. to the sea. — 2. A
land, country. — 3. Tellus,
the earth as a goddess,
also called Terra.
Temero, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
[temfire, * rashly']. To
violate, dishonour.
Tem-pus, poris, n. 1. (a) -4
portion of time ; a time,
season.— (h) Time in gene-
ral.— 2. Plur.: Festivals.
Ten-do, tetendi^tensum, or
tentum, tendere, 3. v. a.
and n. To stretch, stretch
out, extend. Pass, -.tendor.
sus sum, di [akin to rf z-
VGO].
Tenebrae, arum, f. plur.
Darkness.
Tenedos, i, f . An island in
the Aegean sea. Its dis-
tance from the coast of
Troy was forty stadia, or
26 p. OVIDII NASONIS HEROIDES, EPIS. V., XIII.
something under five
miles.
Ten-eo, ui, tum, ere, 2. v. a.
[akin to ten-do]. To hold^
have, keep possession of.
Terra, se, f. 1. The earth,
2. The goddess Terra,
same as Tellus.
Terreo, ui, itum, ere, 2. v.
a. To frighten.
Thalamus, i, m. A cham-
ber.
Theseus, ei and eos, m. A
king of Athens, ion of
Aegeiis and Aethru ; hus-
band of Ariadne aad af-
terwards of Phaedra.
Thessalisjidis, adj. f. Thes-
salian.
Toties, num, adv. [tot, * so
many']. So many tim£S,
so often.
Tremo, ui, 3. v. n. and a.
To tremble.
Tremor, oris, m. [tremo, 'to
tremble']. A trembling.
Tris-tis, te, adj. Sad, sor-
rowjul, morose, gloomy.
Troas-adisor ados, adj. fem.
Trojan.
Troja, «, f. (Tros, one of
the kings of Troy). A city
of Phrygia.
Truncus, i, m. The stem,
stock, trunk of a tree.
Tu, tui (plur. vos. veatrum
or vestri), pers. pron.
Thou, you[GY. rv, Doric
Tuli, perf. ind. of fero.
Tum, adv.: 1. At that time,
then.
Tumeo, ere, 2. v. n. To
swell
Tun-c, adv. [tum-ce]. At
that time, then.
Turba, ae, f . A crowd, muUi-
tude [Gr. Tvp/Sr/].
Turpis, e, adj. Unsightly,
shameful, base.
Tiis,turis,n.[0voS]. Frank-
incense. In plur. tura. ^
Tu-tus, ta, tum, adj. [tii-
eor, ' to protect '] Safe.
Comp. : tutior ; Sup., tut-
issimus.
Tu-us, a, um, pron. poss.
[tu, tu-i]. Thy, thine,
your. — As Subst. : tQi,
orum, m. plur. Those
belonging to thee; thy
friends.
Tyndaris, idis, f . Daughter
of Tyndarus.
Ulmus, i, f. An elm tree,
elm,.
Ultrix, Icis, adj. [ulciseor,
' to avenge ' ], A venging,
vengeful.
Uliil^tus-us, m. [ululo, 'to
howl ']. Wailing, shriek-
ing.
Unguis, is, m. A nail of
the finger.
U^aue, adv. Continually.
Vacca, ae, f. A cow.
Vale or vale as, in leave-
taking. Farewell, adieu.
Valeo. ui. itum, 2. v. li.
To be strong.
VOCABULARY.
27
of
Vate i, is, comm. A prophet,
a poet.
Vaticinor - atus, 1. v. dep.
n. and a. [vates, 'a pro-
phet ']• To foretell, pro-
phesy.
Viho, vexi, vectum, vehere,
3. V. a. To cari-y, convey.
Vel, conj. [akin to vol-o].
Or if you will; or: — vel
. . . vel, either . . . or.
Velo, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
[velum, 'a covering']. To
cover, 'wrap, envelope,.
Ve-lum, li, n. [fr. veh-o,
' to carry ']. A sail.
Venatus, us, m. [venor I, *to
hunt']. Hunting, the
chase.
Venio, veni, ventum, venire,
4. V. n. To come.
Vent-US, i, m. The wind.
Venus, Vene ris, f. The god-
dess of love, mother of
x^neas. Veneris mensis =
April, as if from Aphro-
dite, her Gr. name.
Verbum, i, n. A word.
Vero, ad^c. [verus, ' true ' ].
In truth, assuredly, indeed.
Verso, avi, atum, 1. v. a.
intens. [verto, ' to turn'].
To- turn often, upturn.
Verto, verti, versum, ver-
tere, 3. v. a.: 1. To turn.
— 2. To alter, change. —
Pass. : vertor, versus sum,
• verti.
Ver-us, a, um, adj. True.
Ves-ter, tra, trum, pron.
poss. [for vos-ter ; fr. vos].
Tour.
Vincio, vinxi, vinctum, 4.
V. a. To bind.
Virgo, mis, f, A maid<n,
virgin, girl.
Viridis, e, adj. [vireo, ' to
be green']. Green.
Vitis, is, f. A vine.
Vito, avi, atum, 1. v. a. To
avoid, shun, escape, evade.
1 Vivo, vixi, victum, vivere,
' 3. V. n. To live.
\ Vix, adv. Scarcely, with
i difficidty.
Volo, avi, atum, 1. v. n. To
I fly, speed, hasten.
\ Vol-o, volGi, velle, v. irreg.
I With inf.: To wish, or
I desire, to do, etc. [akin to
I Gr. BovXojiiai].
I Vo-tum, ti, n. [fr. vov-eo,
'to vo^^'']. A vow.
Vuln-us, eris, n. A wound.
Vul-tus, tus, m. [prob. vol-o,
'to wish ']. Expression of
countenamce, mien, looks,
countenance.
Xanthus-i, m. A river of
Troas.