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Por use in Business Colleges, Collegiate Institutes, High Schools, Seminaries, Counting Houses, and for Self Instruction. / -\i\\V\fv- m J\ PracbiGal Ifexb Bool^ CONTAINING EXERCISES IN CAPITAL LETTERS, CONSTRUCTION OF SENTENCES, SPELLING, ENGLISH, &c. TOGETHER WITH NUMEROUS SAMPLES OF BUSINESS AND SOCIAL LETTERS, IN TYPE AND PHOTO-ENGRAVED. * TORONTO: Published bv Connor O'Dea. 1886. Entered according to Act of Parliament of Cana a, in the year one thousand eight hundred and eighty -six, By CONNOR O'DEA, At the Office of the Minister of Agriculture, Ottawa, Ontario PRYIY^RCE., * rr7HE autliors of this work claim for it a certain measure of originality. J To them it is the first school text book on the subject of cor- respondence. . . Every teacher knows that such a work has long been needed. There are few subjects of greater importance, and few receiving less attention. There are two reasons why this subject has been neglected in schools : first, the teacher's ability to write a good letter, and his knowledge of the technicalities of correspondence are not taken into consideration in his professional examination ; secondly, the schools are not provided with suitable text-books on the subject. Whether the publication of this manual will bring about the necessary changes, and meet the new requirements, remains to be seen. The ability to write a good letter, either sociaj or business, includes natural aptitude, a good knowlege of general subjects, a ready command of language, and those scholastic qualifications which a careful education imparts. All of these cannot be acquired in a short time, but much can be done by carefully and properly directed study and practice. The authors, in preparing this book, have drawn largely from their own experience of what is practical in both class room and business office. They submit their work for the criticism and commendation of those who are directly interested. TYiO R\i\.\iOTS. ©i?i?O5p©n^©n0e. -^ PART I.- 1.-SEJMTENCES. A sentence is a group of words that either states or asks some- thing. A sentence may consist of few words, or it may have many words ; as, The sun is bright. James wrote a letter. How old are you ? Where did you get this ? We were delighted this morning to receive such a kind letter from you. We have sent you by express to-day the goods ordered by you on the 7th inst. If you desire a personal interview, I shall be glad to present myself at such time and place as you may name. An interrogation point (?) is used at the end of every sentence which constitutes a direct question ; as, Where is Thomas ? When did you come ? Upon what train will you arrive ? The exclamation point (!) is used after exclamatory words or phrases, and after sentences expressing a strong wish, wonder, emotion, or passion ; as, Would that I had perished ! Oh, how I suffer ! A period (.) is used at the end of every complete sentence, that does net require an interrogation point, or an exclamation point. Periods are used also after all groups of words denoting the name of a petson or place, when the name stands alone ; after a number written in Roman characters, and after initial letters and abbreviations. EXERCISE 1. 1. Write a sentence about yourself. Write a sentence about games. 2. Write a sentence about churches. Write a sentence about hunting. 3. Write a sentence about a great man. Write a sentence telling something you heard. 4. Write a sentence requiring ,an interrogation point. Write a sentence containing Roman numerals. 5. Write a sentence containing fifteen words. Write a sentence containing twenty words. MANUAL OF CCRRESPONDENCE. 2-eAPITAL loETTERS. The letter I when standing for the person writing should always be a capital ; as, When I returned from the city yesterday, I received your kind letter. Names of persons and places should begin with capital letters. When the name consists of more than one word, each word should begin with a capital ; as, James Wallace. New York. Prince Edward Island. Red River Valley. Every important word in a group of words used as a name or title should begin with a capital ; as, The Gulf of Mexico. The Cape of Good Hope. New York Daily Tribune. Names of the month', and days, names of religious denomina- tions and political parties, names of important things, events, or bodies of men, and names of associations, fraternities, and companies should begin with capitals ; as, February, Thursday, Good Friday, Easter Sunday, Decoration Day, Presbyterian, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Republican, Democrat, The Reformation, The Battle of Waterloo, The Free Masons, The Declaration of Independence. Young Men's Christian Association, Equitable Life Insurance Company, New York City Transfer Company. The first word of every sentence, and the first word of each line of poetry should begin with a capital ; as, Your brother arrived here to-day. He leaves for home in the morning. Run if you like, but try to keep your breath ; Work like a man, but don't be worked to death. A quoted sentence or a reply should begin with a capital. Borrowed words or sentences should be enclosed by quotation marks (" ") ; as. Her only reply was " Heaven bless you, my boy, and may you be repaid tenfold." Any name of Deity, and any word standing for the name of Deity, should begin with a capital ; as, God. Creator. The Almighty. Most High. Saviour. Names of peoples and languages should begin with capitals ; as, English. French. Chinese. Greek. Latin, Hebrew. Miscellaneous : — Each article mentioned in an account, and all the leading words of advertisements should begin with capitals. Compound titles like Attorney-General, Vice-President, etc., should have both words MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 5 3uld always ital letters, ord should a name or une. denomina- ■ bodies of )uld begin 'resbyterian, e Battle of i New York ch line of Jorrowed : as, ifold." 'f Deity, lis ; as, I all the npound 1 words capitalized. In the subscription of a letter only the first word should be capitalized ; as, Yours truly ; Respectfully yours ; Your sincere friend, etc. The words north, south, east and west, when they refer to portions of country, should begin with capitals ; as. The Canadian North-West, etc. EXERCISE 2. 1. Write a sentence requiring two capital letters; three capital letters. 2. Write a sentence requiring four capital letters ; five capital letters. 3. Write a sentence containing the name of a newspaper and the name of acity. 4. Write a sentence containing the name of some important association. 5. Write the names of (i) three rel'-jious denominations, (2) three important business concerns. EXERCISE 3. 1. Re-write, correcting errors: the new englarid states ; the free church of Scotland, 2. Re-write ; the kingdom of great britain and ireland ; miss etta jackson, Chicago. 3. Re-write : james a. garfield, president of the united slates ; smith's elementary arithmetic ; the penman's art journal. 4. Re-write: the public schools of Cincinnati, ohio; thomas brown, 649 dearborn avenue, Chicago, Illinois. 5. Re-write : new hampshire historical society ; american consul-general to london ; caster sunday comes in april. EXERCISE 4. 1. Re-write, correcting errors : Wednesday will be the middle day of december. we shall visit uncle william on good friday. 2. Re-write : Switzerland is in the heart of europe. he is at the office of the aetna life insurance company. 3. Re- write: many Chinese live in California. The Indian ocean is south of asia. we go by the new york central. 4. Re-write : lake Ontario is north of the state of new york. george Washington was president of the united states. 5. Re-write : topeka is the capital of Kansas, harper's weekly is an illustrated paper. the bay of biscay is west of france. EXERCISE 5. 1. Re-write, correcting errors : new york is the largest american city, harvard univer- sity will re-open in October. 2. Re-write: pekin is the capital of the empire of china, pizarro, the conqueror of peru, was a Spaniard. 3. Re-write : the city of buffalo is in the state of new york. napoleon bonaparte was emperor of france. 4. Re-write : there is no presbyterian church in the village, he went from Chicago to St. louis on monday. 5. Re-write : cape cod bay lies east of massachusetts. aristotle taught alexander the great philosophy, ireland, or the emerald isle, lies west of england. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. ! I I 1! 1 i I! EXERCISE 6. Copy the following names, putting capitals where necessary Saturday evening attraction marvelous Connecticut continent manifold journeyed empire Saratoga California September beautiful margaret picturesque advancing Columbus Washington garfield africa navigation particular atlantic missouri victoria mountain residence railway elm avenue chemicals photograph nobleman president Colorado christian alexander admiration publishers enjoyment livingston Chicago immense unlimited niagara falls america celebrated blacksmith governor Josephine merchant 3.-70rBBREVIATIONS. The first Letter of a word is called its initial, or initial letter ; as, O., Ohio; G., George; N. S., Nova Scotia; W. V., West Virginia; H. B. S., Harriet Beecher Stowe. ' When initial letters are used instead of the name of a person or place, they should be capitals, and a period should be placed after each. The Apostrophe (') is used to mark the omission of a letter or letters from a word. The word is then said to be contracted ; as, O'clock, doesn't; ne'er; isn't; o'er; etc. A \word is abbreviated when a letter or letters and a period are used for it. Both the apostrophe and the period should not be used in connection with the same word. An Abbreviation should begin with a capital if the word for which it stands, used in the same place, would begm with a capital ; as, Tues. for Tuesday ; Sept. for September: Conn, for Connecticut ; Thos. for Thomas ; inst. for instant. EXERCISE 7. 1. Write the initials of your name. Write your name and address in full. 2. Write the abbreviation for and so forth. Write the contraction of can not. 3. Write the contraction of could not. Write the contraction of shall not. 4. Write the initials of the names of live prominent persons. Write the abbreviation for Pennsylvania. 5. Write the contraction of does not. Write the abbreviations for namely, Christmas, and dollars. Correct: Tho's. Scp't., Geo'., and Esq'r. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. ry: ago en so nited tra falls ica rated smith nor bine lant tter; as, S., Harriet Jerson or ■ each. or letters EXERCISE 8. Write the abbreviations for Alabama Colonel Ag(!nt Iowa Answer Ontario General Mister Honorable Mountain Ktmtucky February Professor Governor Saint Thomas Illinois Superintentleiit Mistress Month Captain Manitoba Brother Principal Months EsMjuire Michigan Post OfTico Account First California George Barrels Debtor ' " Robert Quebec Doctor Foot Interest Junior Louisiana Lieutenant Number October Massachusetts William Florida Street Secretary President EXERCISE 9. Explain the meaning of lo. D. D. e.g. cwt. Messrs. LL.D. Me. D. V. q. e. d. oz. Mrs. C.P.R. Pa. B. A. inst. qt. Gen. H.R.H. Mo. B.C. ult. yd. Acct. COD. Va. A. D. prox. etc. Capt. P.E.L Ga. P.M. viz. pro tem Do. G.T.R. Md. A. M. &c. ave. Dr. Y.M.C.A. La. P. S. doz. MS. Vol. I.O.O.F. Vt. N. B. lbs. /s.d. pp. R.S.V.P. 4-ERRORS IN ENGLISH. riod are used in r which rhomas ; aviation 'istnias. Plurals. Be careful in writing such plurals as, moneys, journeys, valleys, chimneys, turkeys, negroes, calicoes, buffaloes, sons-in-law, fathers- in-law, solos, twos, quartos, piano-fortes and step-sons. Verbs and number. Follow plural subjects with plural verbs ; as, we were, not we was ; you were, not you was ; they are, not they is ; they were, not they was ; they have, not they has ; they write, not they writes ; the men are, not is ; the children were, not was ; the boys have, not has ; my sisters write, not writes. These are the boys who were at school. Jennie and Annie were schoolmates. To do ; to see. These two verbs give considerable trouble. Their principal forms are do, did, done, and see, saw, seen. The second forms, did and saw, should never follow is, are, was, were, have, has, or had. The third forms, done and seeti, should always follow one of these words expressed or understood ; as, I did the work, or I have done the work, or the work is done. I saw the picture, or I have seen the picture, or the picture was seen. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. III! Verbs in general. Tlie rules given for to do and to see apply alike to all verbs. Such expressions as have came, has sang, was drove, have broke, have began, have knew, is froze, have gave, knowed, has went, has give, has rang, Jiave ran, were took, has stole, throwcd, have mistook, etc., are gross errors arid should be avoided. EXERCISE 10. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. The chimnies are seen for miles. The lilys were just in bloom. 2. They roasted three turkies. The monkies amused the children. 3. General Blade and Jackson were wounded. Isn't the fireworks beautiful ? 4. Is the nippers broken ? Our spring goods hasn't arrived yet. 5. Uncle Edward has two son-in-laws. There were a crowd of boys in the room. EXERCISE 11. Re-'write, correcting errors : 1. Is the scissors in your drawer ? Has the children come home yet ? 2. Where was you when I called ? What does the natives live on ? 3. The building of so many bridges were very expensive. We was very happy. 4. Has the letters been delivered ? Was those pens broke when I gave them to you ? 5. Three apples is two too many for one boy. I wrote two other letters which was not published. EXERCISE 12. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. They seen him when he done it. He throwed away his hat and run. 2. Have you went to the depot yet ? We have rode from the village. 3. I wish I knowed where it led to. Poor Ben had never saw such a book. 4. There's three sheets of paper in your desk. We done our work very well. 5. Cousin Frank has wore his boots three months. Have you payed all your accounts ? Possessives. The possessive of nouns, both singular and plural, is formed by adding an apostrophe and " s " ('s) ; as. The man's hat is on the table. The children's play-ground is behind the house. When a plural noun ends in " s " only the apostrophe (') is added ; as, The pupils' lessons should be explained. Birds' nests attract boys. The apostrophe is never used in forming the possessive of pronouns. I, me, he, him, she, her. Many persons continually make mistakes in conversation and in correspondence in the use of these words. The fol- lowing are examples : Let you and / go ; say, me. He is as good as me ; say, /. She is as tall as him ; say, he. You are older than tne ; say, /, Nobody said so but he; say, but him. John went out with James and /; say, and me. You are stronger than him; say, than he. Between you and // say, you and we. He gave it to John and /; say, and me. Your MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. apply alike drove, have ns went, has ^ok, etc., are iful ? he room. ippy. lem to you > which was brother was with Mrs. King and / ; say, and inc. He sat between him and /; say, and me. Me and him can carry it; say, he and /. Her and her sister are coming ; say, she and her sister. Her and him are the same age; sa.y, she and he. Did he choose you and /; say, you and ;»<;. Was it her ; say, she. If I was him ; say, were he, 'Was it him ; say, he. We, us, they, them, who, whom. Errors in the use of these pro- nouns are frequent. Us boys enjoy the holidays ; say, we boys. Who is it for ? say, whom. Was it them ? say, they. Who did he choose ? say, whom. Who did the mischief ? Them; say, they. Be careful ti'/jo you trust ; say, whom. They that keep me I will reward ; say them. EXERCISE 13. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. This desk is cur's. A young mens' class has been established. 2. The chiklrens' paper is late this week. Him and I are old friends. 3. Harry is older than me. You and him must finish your work. 4. Them that do the work should receive the wages. It was us who frightened you. 5. My uncle has gone for a months' holiday. The lesson was taught in the girls class room. i all your Plural, is s on the a plural ' lessons is never listakes rhe fol- as me ; say, /. and I,' ou and Your EXERCISE 14. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. It must have been her. I told you it was them. 2. Who did you lend my knife to ? Her mother and her went on the train. 3. My sister asked my brother and I to go. Them and their father were at the party. 4. He that promises much do not trust. Are you the person who I should apply to ? 5. He is trying to rob you and I. Who did you vote for ? Comparison. Do not use the superlative when only two things are compared ; as. He is the best of the two; say, better. Jennie is the eldest of my two sisters say; elder. Avoid double comparatives and double superlatives ; as, A 7nore healthier location cannot be found ; say, more healthy. He took the most pleasantest route ; say, inost pleasant, or pleasanter. This kind. Make the adjective and noun agr^e in number ; as, I like this kind of apples ; not these kind. They came at the rate of three miles an hour ; not three mile. Only, This word is very frequently misplaced. Its position fre- quently changes the meaning of the sentence ; as, I only struck him : that is, I did nothing else; and, I struck ow/y him : which means, I struck no one else. TO MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. Negatives. Do not use two negative words so that they shall con- tradict each other ; as, He didn't do nothing; say, did nothing, or didn't do anything. He is tiot there, I don't think ; say, I think. Rapid, rapidly. Do not use adverbs for adjectives, nor adjectives for adverbs; as, The river runs rapid; say, rapidly. He does his work slow; say, slowly. She looks charming ; not, charmingly. I ieel bad over it; not, badly. He did his work very well ; not, good. Returned back. Avoid expressions that repeat the idea ; as. He returned back : omit back. The balloon ascended up. Our church holds an annual anniversary every summer. EXERCISE 15. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. Which is the eldest, William or Edwin ? This is the best of the two. 2. Thomas comes oftenest of the two. These kind of people will never be satisfied. 3. Of two evils choose the least. The younger of three sisters is the prettier. 4. He felt awkwardly in the presence of ladies. He had not hardly a minute to spare. 5. We only ate three meals to-day. My father speaks slow. Your boys did not play fair. EXERCISE 16. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. I do not like too much sugar in my tea. It was an uncommon good harvest. 2. The rose smells sweet. Thomas did his work very good. My head feels badly. 3. This is the universal opinion of all men. Iron sinks down in water. 4. They 're not improving much, I don't think. I lost near ten dollars. 5. Charles soon became exceeding popular. You could not find a more happier family. Prepositions. The needless insertion of a preposition is to be avoided ; as, In what latitude is Boston in ? Care must be taken to connect prepositions with appropriate verbs and nouns ; as, This book is different to that; say, from that. I was followed with a crowd; say, by a crowd. He is angry at his father; say, with his father. Between, among. Between is used in reference to two things, or persons; among, in reference to a greater number; as, The twelve jury- men quarreled between themselves; say, among. Similar words. Words similar in sound, but different in meaning, are very often misused — the one used for the other. Study carefully the meaning of the following : bale, bail ; blew, blue ; beech, beach ; bridal, bridle; bear, bare; canvas, canvass; coarse, course; council, counsel; complement, compliment ; faint, feint ; fair, fare; flour, flower ; fore, four; hale, hail ; heel, heal ; hear, here ; led, lead ; lessen, lesson ; lightning. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. II >ey shall con- >ing, or didn't or adjectives oes his work feel bad over 3ea; as, He :hurch holds r be satisfied, ettier. linute to spare, s did not play larvest. els badly. lore happier is to be to connect s different a crowd. things, or elve jury. meaning, ^fuJly the 1 ; bridal, counsel ; Jre, four; ightning, lightening ; male, mail ; past, passed ; pale, pail ; peace, piece ; pare, pear, pair ; road, rode ; stair, stare ; sale, sail ; stationary, stationery ; steel, steal; stake, steak ; teem, team ; two, too, to; their, there ; way, weigh ; weak, v/eek ; wares, wears; new, knew; ring, wring; rite, write, right, wright ; seller, cellar ; eminent, imminent ; inimerge, emerge ; proceed, precede. EXERCISE 17. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. By what States is Kentucky bounded by ? She is angry with your conduct. 2. He broke his cane to pieces. If they had of come at noon I would have gone. 3. There are six of us, and between us all we can raise money enough for this purpose. 4. The best place for oysters is at Baltimore. On what train did you come in on ? 5. Have you ever met with this gentleman before ? My circumstances are difterent than yours. EXERCISE 18. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. I have not received a letter this three days. He wished me many compliments. 2. The council met in the town hall last night. It is now half passed four o'clock. 3. I didn't get scarcely any sleep last night. We carried two bails of cotton. 4. They ran the cart again the building. Virtue and vice differ widely with each other. 5. With which party is he connected with ? My father started me in the book and stationary business. Ability, capacity. Capacity is the power of receiving and retaining knowledge with facility ; ability is the power of applying knowledge to practical purposes. Miscellaneous Cautions : Things are sold by, not at auction. Man and brute die of, not niith fevers. Do not use xvithout for unless. •' He doesn't (not don't) play fairly." Do not use the pronoun them for the adjective those : as, " Them apples are not ripe." Less relates to quantity, and fewer to numlier. Be careful in the use of the words aufid, splendid, lovely, etc. To teach is to give instruction, arvd to learn to receive instruc- tion ; as, "My father taught me," not learned me. Quantity should be used in speaking of what is measured, and number, of what is weighed. We stay, not stop, at home, at a hotel, or with a friend. Similar Tense Forms. Lie, lay, lain ; lay, laid, laid ; sit, sat, sat ; set, set, set; jlee, fied, fled; fly, flew, flown; flow, flowed; rise, rose, risen; raise, raised, raised. His room-mate //« in bed until noon. The applqs lay on the ground all winter. He has lain on the floor since morn- ing. He laid the book on the table. I havesrtf here for more than an hour. She set her pitcher on the ground. They will flee from the plague. The river has overflowed its banks. John raised the flag. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. !ill Collective Nouns. When the idea of unity is prominent collective nouns take singular verbs; as, "The fleet was entirely destroyed." " There •was a very large crowd in the building." " Your committee begs leave to report." When the idea of plurality is prominent collective nouns take plural verbs ; as, " The public are requested to be present." Shall and Will. The following are examples of correct usage : I shall leave on the morning train. He will go with you to your uncle's. They will find the towa pretty dull. You shall go, sick or well. I will assist you. We will do as you have requested. Shall I write your letter for you? S/ia// you go to town to-morrow ? H^i7/ you have an apple? Will he be of the party ? Never say " Will I " do this or that. Nil! EXERCISE 19. Re- write, correcting errors : 1. It is divided between you and I. I don't know nothing about it. 2. There was not less than ten present. Neither of the four were there. 3. You could not find a more happier family. Hand me them slates. 4. Father's plaining mill has closed. He was exceeding kind to me. 5. Whose are these here books ? They were more prudent than us. EXERCISE Re-write, correcting errors : 20. 1. Go and lay down. He sat out for London yesterday. 2. Your dress sets well. I have raised early this morning. 3. He has laid there an hour. The water has flown over the wall. 4. They flew from their enemies. Some valuable land was overflown. 5. I was forced to lay down. You can't fall that tree across the creek. EXERCISE 21. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. I have set with him for hours. Let those papers lie. 2. The baker rose the price of bread. The river banks are overflowed. 3. Will I put the kettle on ? The mob were victorious. 4. The jury find the prisoner guilty. The public is requested to be present. 5. The Board are to issue new regulations. The N. Y. C. R. have laid a double track to Rochester. 22. EXERCISE Re-write, correcting errors : 1. He thought it was them. I intended to have called. 2. He can do it as good as any one. Them scissors is very dull. 3.' This is a remarkable cold winter. Will I bring you your glasses ? 4. I wish that I was a musician. Has he selected you and I ? 5. She is older than me by ten years. At what wharf does the boat stop at ? MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. »3 2nt collective ed." " There begs leave to ! nouns take :t usage : I »'our uncle's, t^ell. I vaill e your letter ipple? Will ouble track EXERCISE 23. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. I thought that tall man was him. This is my wifes' fathers* farm. 2. Try and come to-morrow. He divided it between his four brothers. 3. Is that him ? I never knew before how short life really was. 4. In what latitude is Chicago in ? There was a good many there. 5. Let each of us mind their own business. Where was you at noon ? EXERCISE 24. Re-write, correcting errors : My father seen the teacher. I can't run no farther. Was it her who called me ? Everyone must judge for themselves. What possessed you to do that ? I saw him somewheres. The house is not overly large. Who is your letter from ? I wish you had went in the morning. Each of the boys have their books. EXERCISE 25. Re-write, correcting errors : 1 . I bought a couple of houses. That is an awful pretty hat. 2. At what hotel are you stopping ? Did you settle the hotel bill ? I was that nervous I forgot myself. He calculates to get off to-morrow. I am bound to have it. He lost above a thousand dollars. EXERCISE 26. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. 1 hese kind of peaches are good. I have much need for your services. 2. I heard of him running away. I would have liked to have asked him. 3. I intend to summons him. If I were her I would accept his offer. 4. These two boys are both brothers. She sat her pitcher down on the floor. 5. Neither he nor I is in fault. If it rains to-morrow I shall remain at home. EXERCISE 27. Re-write, correcting errors : 1 . Will you learn John his lesson ? Neither men nor money were wanting. 2. Them books must be bought to-day. I kind of thought you were alone. 3. I wish he was here. Withdraw back what you said. 4. We conversed together on the subject. I have the work laying by me. 5. They seem to be nearly dressed alike. Tomatoes are very healthy food. EXERCISE 28. Re-write, correcting errors : 1. Bills are requested to be paid promptly. Doors open at 7 p.m. this evening. 2. I don't know as I can. England expects everj man to do their duty. 3. This is a beautiful summer's morning. Let every man answer for themselves. 4. Will I light a lamp ? They descended down into the pit. 5. You are stronger than him. That needn't make no difference between such old friends as you and me. 14 MANUAL OF CORKESFONDENCE. I 1 I 1 5. JVIISCELLANEOUS EXEF^CISES. 1. Write a telegraphic despatch, not exceeding ten words, and con- taining three distinct statements. 2. Copy the following words, correcting errors in spelling and put- ting capitals where necessary : January, adress, wedensday, commerce, shrubs, manifactures, descriptive, invaluable, cadbury's coco, pear's soap, abridgement, woolen, february, cincinnatti, cochineel, cerials, tobacco, receits, sulpuric acid, amalgimation, winnepeg, jappan tea, liverpoole, apprentise, linnen, earthen wear, missisippi, sulpher. 3. One of your customers has failed to meet his accounts promptly. Write a note — at the foot of a bill — requesting him to call and make satis- factory settlement. 4. Re-write the following sentences, correcting all errors : Your two letters was receved to-day. We was well pleased to no that you secured imploiment. Father and me think your salery low, but then it won't be long, we don't think, till you get promoted. , , » 5. Write for your country paper a short description of a serious accident, of which you were an eye-witness. 6. For each of the following words write another word meaning nearly the same : Abandon, lessen, abhor, reside, annul, above, curtail, refrain, incidental, escort, accomplish, greet, account, accurate, obtain, industrious, pennit, embellish, benefit, proceed, profit, adverse, counsel, agree, bargain, salary, amend, entertain. 7. You are shortly to move into a new store some distance from your present stand. Prepare a circular to be sent to your customers, apprising them of the change. 8. Write sentences containing the following words correctly used : Complement, stntionary, precede, teem, their, lightening, past, passed, couRcil, canons, coarse, seen, done, capacity, between, among, enclosing, respectively, respectfully. g. Write neatly the names and .■addresses of ten prominent business houses. 10. Copy the following words, correcting errors in spelling and putting capitals where necessary : Grammar, adelaide, mahogeny, talow, dimonds, petrolium, oysters, philadelfia, saltpetre, jaimaca, mollases, porcelain, raisins, tapioca, machinary, Valparaiso, Syracuse. 11. Write a telegraphic despatch, not exceeding ten words, and con- taining four distinct statements. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. »S S. 'ords, and con- elling and put- iptive, invaluable, cochineel, cerials, poole, apprentise, ints promptly, id make satis- :hat you secured )e long, we don't of a serious ord meaning idental, escort, lellish, benefit, :e from your "s, apprising :tly used : 3URcil, canons, fully. :nt business celling and , philadelfia, Syracuse. s, and con- 12. Re-write the following sentences, correcting errors in English : He was followed with a crowd. We will return back in a week. My cousin looks charmingly in her new hat. You have done your work very good ? We didn't d^;Z-^,//:^.Jzi^^ 1 ■|;:| i niiii 30 MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. INVITATION TO DINNER. i\Ir. Thomas R. Walters requests the pleasure of Mr. E. G. Edwards* company, at dinner, on Wednesday evening, March 13, at eight o'clock. Washington Hotel. EMBARRASSMENT OF A FIRM. Montreal, Aug. 15, 188 . Mr. T. K. Caldwell, Kingston, Ont. Dear Sir : We are under the necessity of informing you, that owing to a series of misfortunes during the last few months, we find it is not in our power to meet our engagements, and we are consequently induced to submit our affairs to the inspection of our principal creditors. We request you to immediately furnish the assignee, Mr. W. J. Gadd, with an abstract of your account current, for the purpose of having it com- pared with our books, in order that the correct balance may be ascertained. Your obedient servants, K. M. Roberts & Co. APPLICATION FOR A SITUATION AS TEACHER. BowMANViLLE, Ont., Dec. 19, 188 . Mr. Wm. Boyer, Secretary of School Board, Bracebridge, Ont. Dear Sir : ___ In reply to your advertisement in to-day's Mail for teachers, I beg to offer my services for the position of principal of your school. I hold a first class certificate of the highest grade, am an undergra- duate of Victoria University, and have had nine years' experience in teach- ing,--three as principal of Lindsay public school. I enclose testimonials from my several employers, which I trust will prove satisfactory to you. If 5'ou give me any encouragement in the matter, I shall be pleased to make a personal application. Respectfully yours, Anderson Bedford. I MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 31 E. WILLIS, Commission Merchant, BUFFALO, N .Y. ERTS & Co. ^/p^^4^ tu- 32 MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. NOTICE OF A DRAFT. Toronto, Nov. 3, 188 . Messrs. J. R. Richardson & Co., Winnipeg, Man. Gentlemen : We have this day deposited in the Imperial Bank for collection a three days' sight draft on you for four hundred and twenty dollars ($420.00), which please honor and oblige, Yours truly, W. J. Gage & Co. REQUESTING PAYMENT OF AN ACCOUNT. I London, Ont., Dec. 5, 188 . Samuel Harding, Esq., Dorchester, Ont. lye^af Sir: We have for several weeks been looking for a remittance from you covering your last year's account, and as the necessity of meeting our own engagements punctually is ever before us, we are obliged to again remind you of this unpaid bill, and trust that you will favor us with an immediate reply. Very truly yours, King, Watt & Co. LETTER OF CREDIT. New York, Nov. 13, 188 . H. S. Small & Son, Bankers, London, England. Gentlemen : We request the favor of your furnishing the bearer, Thomas Gibson, with any cash that he may require during his visit to England, to the extent of ten thousand dollars, taking his receipt for the sums advanced, and placing the same to our debit. We refer you to our letter of this date, per steamship " Pennsylvania," for Mr. Gibson's signature. Respectfully yours, Sanfield, Cox & Co. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 33 nk for collection a ty dollars ($420.00), [. Gage & Co. tnittance from you if meeting our own d to again remind with an immediate Watt & Co. Thomas Gibson, England, to the e sums advanced, " Pennsylvania," 3, Cox & Co. ti^^^^^^^aY. '"' 34 MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. LETTER NOTICING ERROR IN INVOICE. Denver, Col., March 19, 188 . Watson, Thorne & Co., San Francisco. Gentlemen : We beg to call your attention to an error in your last invoice, by which you charge us with $13.25 more than the invoice actually amounts to. Please correct same, and oblige. Yours respectfully, Norman McLeod. INQUIRY CONCERNING A SHIPMENT. Grand Rapids, Mich., Nov. 13, 188 . B. F. Falstaff, Esq., Detroit. Dear Sir : I have a large quantity of apples that I should like to place in the hands of a good commission merchant in your city. Would you be kind enough to give my address to some good firm, directing them to report present state of the market, and advise what expense attends the handling of the fruit after arrival. Yours very truly, Samuel Langhorn. (I APPLICATION FOR A SITUATION. Toronto, Nov. 19, 188 . James W. Topan, Esq., 84 Yonge St. Dear Sir: In reply to the enclosed advertisement which appeared in this evening's Telegram, I respectfully offer my services. I have just arrived from Glasgow, Scotland, in which city I have had considerable experience in the work you require done. I enclose unques- tionable testimonials as to character, industry, and trustworthiness from some of the leading houses of my native city. Trusting that my application may be looked upon favorably, and that I may receive an early reply, I am. Yours very respectfully, Charles A. Draib. J <_,, MANUAL CF CORRF.SPO.VDF.yCE. 35 OICE. larch 19, 188 . lur last invoice, by ;e actually amounts iMAN McLeod. ike to place in the Would you be kind ting them to report tends the handling appealed in this h city I have had enclose unques- itworthiness from vorably, and that 36 MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. SOLICITING A LOAN. nil m mm -]l Albany, Oct. lo, i88 . My Dear Bryant : A disappointment in the receipt of some money due, has embarrassed me considerably. If you can let me have about $200 for ten days, without in any way entrenching on your own convenience, you will do me a great favor to forward the same by return mail. You may depend upon its being reimbursed with the strictest punctuality. Yours most sincerely, J. L Long. APPLICATION FOR AN INCREASE OF SALARY. Chicago, Jan. g, 188 . Messrs. T. Nelson & Co. Gentlemen : I have been awaiting a favorable moment in which I could speak with Mr. Nelson in relation to the promised advance in salary. A conve- nient time for a talk about the matter has not offered itself. The increased amount of business in the past year has greatly added to my duties, and in the performance of them I have ever tried to be prompt and accurate. I trust my efforts have met with your approval, and, therefore, that you will consider this matter in as liberal a spirit as possible. Your obedient servant, Hamilton Adair. RECOMMENDING A SALESMAN. Topeka, Kan., Aug. 3, 188 . To whom it may concern : The bearer, Richard Ball, being about to leave our employ, we take pleasure in testifying to his merit as a salesman, the capacity in which he served us. He has been with us during the past eight years, in which time he has invariably discharged his duties with skill and ability. He was very punctual at his work, was courteous to our customers, and reliable in hi§ accounts. By his care and attention to our out-of-town trade he made himself specially valuable. He bears a good character as a gentle- man as well as a man of business. Sadler, Sanford & Co. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 37 ', Oct. lo, i88 . ae, has embarrassed )r ten days, without 1 will do me a great pend upon its being JALARY. , Jan. 9, i88 lich I could speak salary. A conve- elf. The increased o my duties, and in nipt and accurate, herefore, that you iiLTON Adair. r employ, we take acity in which he t years, in which and ability. He )mers, and reliable -of-town trade he icter as a gentle- NFORD & Co. 3» ■NV,X„,ON TO a;hvb;,„~„; Mrs Ad • --^^ING PARTY. APP.ZCATIO. POH A CLERKSHIP. Messrs. T. Lewis & Son. 0"^^^. Ont., Jan. 19, ,88 G.«/W„. ^^3 Government St. unacquainted with h„c.- '"^'^cantile experience vPt T P"Mts. I shall h. , '"^'""° >'''"= of ase a„T , '' '"■°"'"'s ^"oose .0 aprot;."' "'"-<' '<> "" - y™. oTce^".'' X/™« ^J^W RespectfuJJy yours. Fred. Rogers, ^iRCULAR LETTER. Mhssrs. T. W. STEW.HX & Co., ^°'^"°' O^^o. June 3, :88 . Gentlemen: "PJiiJadelphia. Jt is with deep rpffret fh.f b-siness, as arr!„ "° "'^>' '""^--fere with th^ f . ^"' ""• deceased' par, "T^r "' "^'"^ -^d" o l^pl """"f "=' "' °" "^■"e. yL n,a; res^ass'u'reTtr'' "° =""=«°" w"'be Ide " °' °" p- .0 .^e i.e4s : jr^rriii-H s rr ■■•r ----.t We ren,ai„, ge„,lel„, "' "'"'' '=''^'"'- connection. Yours very respectfully, BuNTtNG, BaL & Co. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 39 • Armstrong, and I Friday, October "• 19. 188 . Jsition of junior me. ni not entirely in my brother's Jiving with my :ever time you Rogers. 3. 188 . eath of our 1 ult. duct of our ace of our in our firm ion will be connection. & Co. .JlTiPltA ^^T^^^-P/, ;.r l.l.li i 40 MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. DECLINING AN INVITATION. Miss Handers regrets that, owing to a previous engagement, she is unable to accept Miss Glassford's kind invitation for Thursday evening, the 24th instant. 233 Michigan Ave. ORDER TO A PUBLISHING HOUSE, San Antonio, Texas, Mar. 9, 188 . The Supplement Co., Buffalo, N.Y. Gentlemen : Eaton's New Arithmetic, published by you, has been introduced into our Public High Schools, and 30 copies will be needed at once. Will you kindly send these to me by next mail, with your bill at introduction rates, and upon receipt of same I will remit the amount. I refer you to the following New York firms, to wit : A. S. Barnes & Co., D, Appleton & Co., and Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co. Soliciting your prompt attention, I am. Yours respectfully, Nic. Fengg. ORDER TO A DRY GOODS MERCHANT. St. Paul, Minn., Feb. 5, 188 . Messrs. John Macdonald & Co., Chicago, 111. Gentlemen : Please send me by Amonr.an Express the following : 15 yds. Ginghams, Renfrew Madras styles. 13 " Glasgow Checks, dress styles. 5 doz. Napkins ($3.50). 3 " Ladies' hem-stitched handkerchiefs. 20 pairs Ladies' fine hose. I enclose P. O. order for ten dollars. Please send C.O.D. for the balance. Yours truly, Mrs. Fannie Gilmore, 225 State St. i • MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 41 ngagement, she is hursday evening, lar. 9, i88 . introduced into 3nce. Will you foduction rates, A. S. Barnes & o. Illy, c. Tengg. >• 5. x88 5.D. for thf // y// •// J ■ / ■ / /. ^ / / ^'-^^^^/C-f, tate St. ^ re iiii! iHli. I 4a MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. APPLICATION FOR AN AGENCY. East Bloomfield, N.Y., May 27, 188 . To THE ^Etna Life Insurance Co., Hartford, Conn. Gentlemen : At the instance of several persons of consideration and influence, I am induced to make application for an agency of your company. I have a real estate office and a general implement agency, and in connection with my labor in this direction, I am led to believe that I can advance your interests as well as my own, and also benefit this community, by representing your well-known institution. am prepared to give satisfactory security and references, and request the i.vor of your early reply. I am, gentlemen, Your obedient servant, Mark Eaton. . CHANGE OF FIRM— CIRCULAR LETTER. Buffalo, N.Y., Dec. 3, 188 . Thos, Myers »>; '' • . Akro. .'io. Uentlemen: We beg to inlorm you of an alteration to take place in the name and co-partnership of this house on January ist. Our Mr. T. Oaten will retire, and Mr. W. T. Hendry will be admitted as a partner. The name of the new firm will be Watson, Hendry & Co. We request a continuance of your favor and support, and assure you that there will be neither a diminution of our means, nor a relaxation of our endeavor to conduct the extensive aflFairs of the house on the usual scale. Very truly yours, Watson & Oaten. A BUSINESS NOTICE, San Francisco, April 20, 188 . E. Wardell, Esq., 236 California St. Dear Sir : A special meeting of the Board of Trade is called for to-night at 9 o'clock. Very important business. You are requested to be present. J. R. Lindsay, Sec. 'U MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 43 ^lay 27, 188 . id influence, I am ny. t agency, and in )elieve that I can this community, ices, and request nt, (^RK Eaton. ec. 3, 188 the name and T. Oaten will r- The name nd assure you relaxation of on the usual Oaten. :o, 188 o-night at 9 resent. DSAY, Sec. 44 MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. ;i !■ ■. LETTER REQUESTING INFORMATION. Batavia, N.Y., Nov. 9, i88 . Mr. a. Riley, 58 Shaw St., Toronto, Ont. Dear Sir: Messrs. Salad, Wood & Co., of your city, have made certain offers to me which promise advantage, providing they are stable; but which, on the contrary, would involve me in heavy responsibilities. I should esteem it a great favor if you would give me what informa- tion you can gain respecting their character and means. Very truly yours, C. L. Clement. LETTER TO A WHOLESALE HOUSE. Patterson, N. J., Jan. 12, 188 . Messrs. Thurber & Co., 1235 Broadway, New York. ■ ' Sirs : Mr. Wendelhouse, of this city, who has dealt with you a long time, recommends your house sc strongly that I am disposed to make a trial of your goods. On this recommendation I enclose a list of the things I at present require, and will thank you to give the prices against the articles enumerated. Be good enough also to let me know the terms of payment. I refer you to Mr. Wendelhouse ; also to Baker & Watson. Yours truly, T. R. Wellington. ANSWER TO PRECEDING LETTER. 1235 Broadway, New York City, Jan. 13, 188 . Mr. T. R. Wellington, Patterson, N.J. - Dear Sir : In answer to yours of yesterday, we enclose the prices of the goods you inquire about. We have written to Mr. Wendelhouse respecting your reliability, and if his answer is satisfactory, we can give you three months or a discount of 5 per cent, for cash. Hoping to receive your orders, we are, Truly yours, Thurber & Co. m MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 4S ov. 9, 1 88 . rtain offers to which, on the 'hat informa- LEMENT. 12, i88 i long time, ke a trial of things I at the articles it. I refer fGTON. 3. i88 . he goods ting your months orders, Co. ..^iyU^^^^^^^ :5iV>^ 46 MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. \m REFUSAL TO FILL AN ORDER. St, Paul, Minn., July 13, 188 . Mr. Henry Ponh, St. Cloud, Minn. Sir : In reply to your favor of the nth, we beg to say that we must ask you to remit the cash before filhng your order. We trust that you will not thmk us unnecessarily harsh : but we know nothing of you, and the profit on the goods is very small. Possibly we may become better acquainted in the future. Awaiting your reply, we are, Respectfully yours, T. D. Thredgold & Co. PUBLISHERS' LETTER. D. Appleton & Co., New York, April 24, 188 . Messrs. Watson, W^ood & Co., San Francisco, Cal. Gentlemen : Replying to your favor of the 17th inst., we enclose herewith copy for a small adv., which you may insert in the jfournal three months, according to the terms of your offer. We suppose it will occupy about one-fourth of a column. We should prefer to have it in double-column form, as in copy, displaying it to best advantage. Very truly yours, D. Appleton & Co. NOTE OF INVITATION. Mr. W. H. Hamilton presents his respects to Miss Minnie Moore and begs that he may be allowed to wait on her to-morrow evening to the Italian Opera. Temple Place, Nov. 26th. NOTE IN REPLY. Miss Minnie Moore presents her compliments to Mr. Hamilton and regrets that a previous engagement prevents the acceptance of his kind invitation for this evening. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 47 ■' 13. i«8 . lust ask you ut we know Possibly we ply. we are, & Co. :4. 188 . 1 copy for according -fourth of 3 in copy, Co. 5ore and g to the /^Zil^r^ (^ ^^^a^f^/; ///L ^^t^^^^riS' (S^. ZJ^!^ ^ /^Cid^;^n-;^t^ ^i!^Z letter to the mayor and aldermen placing the matter before them and requesting their attention thereto. 37. You are a teacher and desire a situation. Write to a school inspector or superintendent. Ask information about certain vacancies and state your qualifications, and the salary you will accept. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 55 CIRCULAR. 4i^ 1 ,,'^^^^^^^^x t-i^^^e^u^i^!^^^^^^^ 56 MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 38. There have been some changes in the name and working of the firm of which yon are a member. Prepare a circular letter to be sent to your customers informing them of the changes and soHciting a continuance of their patronage. 39. Prepare a neatly worded Christmas greeting for the title page of your holiday announcement. 40. Print on letter or note paper what you consider a neat business letter heading for (i) a retail merchant, (2) a wholesale dry goods mer- chant, (3) a real estate, loan, and insurance agent, (4) a manufacturing company, (5) an insurance company. 41. You are a wholesale commission merchant in the city. Write an advisory letter to a farmer friend who proposes to sell his farm and invest in a flour and feed business in the city. 42. You are a teacher in a public school in Toronto. Write a letter to the Secretary of the School Board requesting leave of absence for two months on account of ill-health. 43. An old school friend of yours has attained high honors at the University. Write him a letter of congratulation. 44. Write a reply to No. 43. 45. You are ill and unable to go to business this morning. Write a note to your employer giving the cause of your absence and one to your physician requesting his attendance. 46. Write a letter introducing a young friend of yours to a minister in a distant city. 47. The traveller of a wholesale firm is en the road. Write him a letter from the firm relative to his movements from this date. 48. You have a back room in your office which you will rent to a gentleman requiring desk accommodation. Write an advertisement. 49. You desire a position as teacher in a public school. Write a letter to the School Board, stating the position for which you apply, and stating your qualifications and experience. 50. You are the senior partner of a firm. Write a testimonial for an accountant who is leavmg the house, stating your personal appreciation of his character and ability. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 57 \\ r/SM_ 58 MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. \ Bivouac** I>s ^^SSff^^W' ^ . ^JciX. C2AJIL L^ £<«.<«, ^-i^ kSm-JuJ. ^^^^._ (l/Lo~CCLy THjt.^Jlf. (^■Vt^Cz.d Ou^.'CaL Cl ■^dirzU-y^c^otA. MANUAL OF CORRESPONDENCE. 59 emet or G.&C Merriam&Co,. ePRINQFIFLD. MASS. ^iaJuMisLLLAJUJu\ (mS ciUBI.I8>^C^8, NEW YORK. fh^y^i^