Clothiers, What.... .SPAUKS STKHr.T, ' OTTAWA- ! rt> What «)I(a\va JjJ ilocs J 1^ 1^ 1* I* l> 1» 1* 1* 1* 1* r)!ry§(t])inio ■:.J-' llCii- Im Oll.iw I. # ©(IPo ^\7i'' e^Nl", lu'i >-wi\ .Mir v'liinpi'iu. •! s, »■,,' ,, .,• Ih,.- Iii t ill, II \M' .irc IIk' I. 'n.- i ii . ..; I li.i.nl-- ,iikI riothiiii; Sloii- I'l 1"..isK-mi ( i"! .■nil! ihiO \\>' .i.\' luiMUt;- ihc piitiv'n.i- .■ i'' i">i^i' :ill>'!\| 1,1 Miiiinie. 11/ •t) >«/ 4> «/ \b \!» v .1. * vt/ * J* CRe $hoc Siorf, Sparks St., Ottawa. dS c'.S c' S <> . / S (--S ^,S r'J:, / • , c,S dS e.' f '^ i\' '- ?: d&e t(g UJe Drtsj ky I ;,.. U .».- .,...1 P ,4;. . ,.; v'l' Mv . u..|, ,|„. L, N, A,M IV 11. I..1 , ••• Alii. 1 ,.,.M, v..-' tV Miji, 1 1- !• s,-^,- I',.'- >;.., >i . .1; 1. ...,.,.. Aj. [i)i Shoe , 'K> I ;, \\ 1 ,.!.• |l|rs.,-,l I ...1, -I, -, • I Ol'.m ^ 11. I. M W ,.i;..m-ii, I. .,).■•■ M'-..- M. n > .^ !!■"- IU« fJoihc • cm. •o liut we sell ainiiist ■■"' -"^ ' ,.„j Sell <■'..<. .1 -' ,v,.M, .,1 r, i .... |a.,- . 1,1.11 SmiI, W ,;l. .•,•...1, 1 1,1 . iiMii .■ ; . ■• I 111,' » 'Mr |',',.|.l,' ,,,1 ,,l,.„.l lllM'.' '.,1! ll... ■Ill, : I'.-.'lll.' • i'l' \\.- .,,.lk,. I .,r|,, 1-. I . i.. I ,...',:• ■, .1,1,1 Ki.i.(i\-.i n.,.i Vj,.- !,,|i , . I'.irl.il Suit.. -I . ; . >,,.:.., -:- I,, S4 ;. S,.l. l-..,,lll^ l . .■!;.,...! I :.lil. . V ;•• ■ ■ '■■ ^RE. ir„i-.!i ll,..ll.-,,M Bryson, Gr ^ i 8 Co. | the tiinidad Cake Jlsphali Paoemcnt 1$ the Standard Pavement of Jimerica -•^ Our worh laid In tbe following citlts $peak$ for itstlf. SUMMARY. Amsterdam, N.V Atlniitn. On AuKtiKla. Oa Uinghnniptnit, N Y. . . Charlt-'Hton. S.C Chattanooga. Tcnn . Cinoinnati, Ohio. . Cleveland. Ohio Colunib s, Ohio Covii K'»i'>' ^y . . . ■ I>a>lon. Ohio Dccalur. Ill iVtroit. Mich Kast CIi'v eland. Ohio, Grand Rapids, Miili IndinnarHuis, Ind . MilwaiiKi'f, Wis . . . . Minncapohs, Minn.. Montreal. P. Q MunL-if, Ind Kg. YDS, 5 .4J".('i 106,372. ig i4..S.5('.t>4 58,549.8(1 j74.740.71 c/>.H7a.i.s 2..4,{ 35,810.14 a 18.4g9.4q tm.ooj.iQ 2J7.**o;i.fa5 (hj,4iK.oi 1 19,5^8.04 .S.S.«Hi.77 New ^'orU, N.Y Ncwp4irt, Ky NitrwiHHt. Ohio . . . Oswego. N. V, . . . Koria. Ill Piijiia. Ohio RiK-hcster. N.Y.... Savannah, Ga. . . . .Shamokiii, Vn .Si. i*aid, Minn. . . . SyracuKc. N. Y. . . . Tcrrf IIauti>. Ind. . Toli'di', l)hn> Toronlo. Ontario Trov. N.Y L'tii-a, N. Y VVatvrtown, N.Y.. Total SQ. VOS. . 54<*.4**"-.M 3.945- 7» 70.jgo.50 . ,{o, i,^,8q . i3i.»77,8o . .^.i.6o6.8o . 30^,719.65 Ho,7J,{.;17 .1,014.72 i4J,442..io , i,H5o.4i 79,8(3.20 .Ii6.i49..^5 ■ '^.714-7.1 6.256.44 • 330,254.95 22,j;i0.37 4."W.-.iH.M 'E make a specialty of laying Private Side- walks, Driveways and C'ellar F'loors. Call and see our .Asphalt Rooting Materials that can be laid by any handy man. WARREN SCHARF ASPHALT PAVING GO., Telephone 1207. The Canadian 5ank ot Commerce. HGAD OFPICB, TORONTO. CAPITAI,, RS8T SIX MILX,ION DOI.I,ARS. ONS HILI^ION DOI.I,ARS. DIRSCTORS : HON. GEO. fl. COX, Sinitar, Pru. ROdERT KILCOUR, B>q., VlccPrealdent, Geo. Taylor, Kaq., W. B. Hamlltci, Kaq., Joa. Crntkern, Esq., Matthew Leggett, Eaq., Jno. Roskln, (kC, L.L.D., J. W. Flavelle Esq. H. B. W.il.KKM, J. II. I'LIH.HKK, lirnrral Mniiniirr. Aiiitt. UrnrrHl MiiiiHurr. UfntT.il Hankinjf UusiincKS. intiTcst allowed on l>t'iH>sits. dL'onimcrcial Cr«lit« tor L'si; of Inipi^rlcrs ; also •• Travellers* Letters of Credit lor use in all parts of the World. ViovtTiinu'ntglirtnUinn Aifeni-y in Yukon Tt-rritory. Hranch o(v"» Dawson City. Ottawa Office, io6 Wellington St., (Direitly Opp. Parliamt-nt Square. I ROBBRT GILL, Manager. The. Bank of 0ttawa. INCORPORATBD 1874. Capital Authorized, Subscribed and Pnid-Up Rest $2,000,000 1,500,000 1,125,000 Arnprior. Caneloti I'lacc. Hawkeshiiry. Kcewatin. Kemptville. Mattawa. Ottawa. "^ Bank St. Kidcau St. Parrv St>und. Hem broke. Port.t.^e l;i I'mirie. Dauphin. .Manitoba. I Rat Portage. Renfrew. Tiironto- Winnipef^. .Manitoba. Alexandria. Ontario. UracebridK^t /' 1^^^ (-5^) I ■ k ''-■,■■ I ■ ■ HE Labor Vear, that is just drawing' to a close, has been characterized in Ottawa by an I unusual freedom from Labor troubles of any kind. The harmony, that has existed I between capital and labor, is due principally to the fact that the relative rights of each are ■^^ much better understood now than foimerly, ar.d a spirit of conciliation and concession is rapidly taking the place of the old feeling of antagonism that existed between employer and employee. This freedom from labor troubles has in no respect been due to lack of organization or weakness in'the labor unions themselves. These have never been stronger and are rapidly growing, the feeling is gaining ground that to advance the interest of organized labor, as a whole, is of more in'portance than to work for one union alone and while most of the unions are doing good work on ;heir own lines the best men in these unions are sent as Delegates to the Central Body — the Allied Trades and Labor Association. Of this Souvenir nothing more need be said than to invite comparison with former annuals Good as these were — and they were all good — we believe that this Souvenir has never been equalled in Ottawa, not as regards make-up and appearance alone, but as regards the matter it contains. The greatest difficulty the committee has had to overcome has been to make a judicious selection from the many contributions that have come into its hands. We venture to say that the labor field has seldom been better covered than it is by the articles appearing in tliis Souvenir. The committee gratefully thank those who have so liberally bestowed their patronage, and trusting that unionmen will remember those sympathizing with the cause, wish one and all an agree- able Labor Day A--a.-e..>ia I'ilU'J WhIvIil's .ii $i^.ti«). I'uarjinttVil tn wi-ar tt^r ji \fnr^. with chuio- i)(' W'althani or I^l^'irl riutveaitmlH. "SiinriHf'" .\larni t"l«Hkf at $!....■. ., 3 riic nk'Vi- liiu's riill> K"'»raniii-J it ,, AM liiu'H at fiiiiall> low priirs. A rail soliiiti-J. M, BILSKY, Watctimaker and Jev.'eller, 30 RIDEAU STREET, 1 Howe's Blouk'. A«(SemidlD°(DQTi 000 l^i(\(lr oBncysDe 00( The hest and ihe 'nily reliable Kneiii); \Vlieel biiih in Canada. The whei'l llial rei'0|{ni!te.s no lonipelilors. Out 38 In. Oendran. No. 17, i« a iH-rlml k<'"i. All llui^ir thai li.iv,' m-rn il pr,i II. M lui' 11 till- iiitfsl u)i,-('l cw r |uit nil the tnarkft at tlu- |irii-r : 9A0.00. ■•OOad-BMld Whaela «t all mal<>'» al pii, <'<• rn.m lll.M »|mnril.<. Wc have the larireit niiU )vem rqiijpp«J Bloyolo Livery i>' the Cit)-. Ott»wa Despatch and Agency Co., Limited, TBLBPHONE 18. 31/ SPARKS STREET. Tbo leading Houao for Med'um Frioe . . . FURNITURE 8TOVB8 O BABY CAnRIAOES and BOIBKHOLD OOODS, I lia\ t< 1 oiiK'ht t)u> Hloi-'<< of the Inte j. J. I''ini'h at 7.S cfiilH on ihi- ilollar, and will woll itt n very !ow f jfurc. Axail >oiirHi'I\-» of thf I'pportunit). Is'i-nii'iiil tT I ini-aa huHini'H>-. J. 0. LEBLANC, 179 & 181 Rideau Street, Ottawa. Latf biiVtT for Itrv.-^on, Oratiani i*t t\'. s l-'urtiitiin- l>t'|«rtmenl. 1 1 ■' ii :' :^ r 1^ n r i| 'j^^B ^ 9 rii r I*- '-rr -•■^.la '.. «« f iKil"" "fv^^B?' w^f^uMBMSpijKla n ^ 1 dMilill P ^^1 ilL' Vno Child's-Drexel Hsme for Union Printers and Allied Crafts. ■~rV HIAO OFriCI ! TONONTO. I Cnpllnl P.il(l-Up ^ ft,oof>,(ioo , R««crv« Pu'id Ha,ooo DzaixiOToxta. (>. K. K. I'OlKIU'HN. IVraldvnl, I). MAC'KAV, K.^., Vii-.-l're«id. iii. I), ri.i.vor. K..|., JOHN ii. ai.i.an, i;.,, . a. s. ikvimi. k.^. lion J. I'. AIKINS. li. V. I'KKHV, K..). CIIAS. Milill.l.. O.-iur.il ManaKvr. I'.. MOKKIS. Iii.pi-, li.r. OTTAWA BRANCH : Alex, aimpaon. Uanagor. OORNKR MITCALFI AND WIULINOTON STRUTS. E»ch«nK-- I'll all (loinlN li.iiiKhl ami v.lJ. l.rltiT. of inail availahlt' In all ..uialrif. «.>ld, nn.l hi«h.-«l iiil.r.«I iill..». J ,>ii il.iH.Hil'.. A K'Hi-'al ItanlaiilK huoiiiria. J,riiiT, by Mail. Tetc^r.ipli. or Telephone JT «mpth I'xeiutcJ. 199 SPARKS STREET, OTTAWA. Slewarton CrMnhou>L-ii arc ihc L«r^«i and Finnt In, Central Canada. — Phoiir 4].'lii. ^XZZSZZXSZZZXZZZZZZZXZXZZZZZZXXZZZZZZZZXZZX^ the mercantile Departmental Store I.niilr* and Ucnilemtn, \\\' .at! \.Mir alt. M hi .a l.> our tttftiTi-iii (K-|iiirtiiU'nU , RKADV-MAOB CLOTBINO, BOVH' SUITS, rALL OVXROOATS, HATS. CAPS. Ao. Our llri'si.tts iiri' iin'.iirpaa'.i'.l Ih.virx l.alrnl Hall iiiipurlaliain Ju«l In. Ni* llmh ManlliH. I'ur OriHrricH llu' l.li..Ufal in lltfCil>> i^nr HiH.t.. aiiil SluH'» wc iltff,! i-tinipi*tilion. A Cull Suliiilul. E. T. POURNIER 8e CO., >JSi >37 and IJ9 RIdrau Street. Mkrcantii.k SvNiHiArii Oi.ii .Stank. Mt»X-lZ»ZZKZZZXZZZXZZZZZZZZZXXXXZiZXXr«»I.x3 M M J, LEVED? & Sen, WHOLESALE Furniture Manufacturers )(b sumd § Bon Ike OTTAWA. J. C. COATES. C.E. K. n. INOALL. J. M. MACOUN. TDne Fmntniiir® (off LatecDiTc By John Coates, C B. /^ A NDI'^R llie existirjr conditions of human life, Labour (III can liardly be discussed independently as it is so \J|^ entirely dependent upon that all-important factor of its existence; Capital. Capital and Labour have ciimbined to form one of the hardest* problems ever presented to the world. Not even the "bloated capitalist " himself, would dare to assert that the conditions on either side are satisfactory and many and various are the solutions thundered by visionary dreamers, who in their pursuit of the ideal fail, with an extraordinary lack of humour to take into account the frailties of human nature. Ag-ain, much has been written with a view that the labour problem is the problem of making,' the manual labourers of the world conlent with their lot. I cannot, myself, however, think it Utopian to believe that the lot of Labour can be improved and that this re,ill\ constitutes the problem of Labour to-day. How can it be improved? .And for what end should it be improved? These are the two questions which present '/ «W*********«***4U»****#i**jM**********#**«***JM**#«**«****iM!*«)l**********»**«***#M******Jl OoJ^Mnped dDun the S)MewMk r) ^' THEN carried through to the cellar; then carried up in scuttles ; then emptied into the stove ; then you have to clean out the ashes. 5 Hoves for Coal besides the dirt and labor. UT when you want to cook in a J; hurry a match is all that is re- ^ quired to haye your GAS STOVE ^ in operation. One move for gas, no dtn or Idbor. STOVES SOLD AT COST. Ottawa Gas 6o., 23 Sparks St. U99***9****4**^*9^9*9**9***^¥******9^**¥******9*ir******9*4r9999*9**9*****9**9************ Radnor ! The Empress of Table Waters.— •\ VV FOR SALE EVERYWHERE. Agents THOS. W. FOSTER. Qeneral Agents for Ontario, .a. V/V/V/V/V/ AJreniS uencrai Aijenis lor v^niar o, ^jk. % VVvivV Wanted, 53 Sp-rks St.. Ottawa. J^ 10 The Future of liahot—Cnnfinuetf. themselver,, and the latter question is as important, nay, more important, than the first. For if we strive for an ultimate end we must consider, and consider well, in what that end shall consist. Will the lot of the labourer improve merely by his be- comintj moderately well off and having a tfood time ? No ! Wealth does not necessarily produce happiness nor the want of wealth destroy it. A man is happy according- to what he is, not what he has, and, the future happiness of the labourer does not consist only in a series of economic measures which he may wish to see undertaken by the Legislature. When the labourer has obtained more leisure and realises that leisure should be used for study and improve- ment, then he will have taken an important step towards hap- piness. For this reason, my sympathies are with the shorter day movement for working men. Ten years' experience in Australia could not but influence me in this direction. There the shorter working day has been an unqualified success ; not only does the employer observe that his men work with a better will and accomplish as much as in the longer day, but the voter has found time to devote to the intelligent study of politics. The result of this education has been: that wage- earners have won places as representatives of the classes to which they belong, in the Houses of Parliament. The wants of the people are thus more closely and sym- pathetically studied than they would be by politicians aiming for vain-glory and self-aggrandisement. There is no reason why this should not be the case in Canada. For, turning to England, we find the names of John Burns and Thomas Burt — workingmen who have won the esteem of Parliament. But here the possibilities of the wage-earner are so much wider than in England. The rapid increase of the wealth in proportion to the population -iliould keep wages at a high level, thus affording to the working classes opportunities of independence of the learned profes- sions for tht>ir representatives in Parliament. So on reviewing the changes in thought and sentiment which have taken place in the past quarter of a century, the labourer should look to the future with a glad heart. In the rising generation of wage-earners, confidence should bt placed — confidence in the hope that by its organ:- siation and energy, the promise of more independence for the working classes will become an accomplishetl fact. To the lines, written by a famous Ciovernor-Goneral of Canada, I draw the attention of the younger wage-earner who has not yet realised his own possibilities : " Si, nuich to do, so little done. ' ' ' , " Our thre.td ot life a third-p.irt spun, " And jel its liilHiurs srarce brfftiii, < " As stealitl); doHluvarJ smi by ttiiil ', - ' ■ .; "Thceiiipty ye.irs in silence run, ' ' " To d.irkness and oblivion, " Leaving bebind lis, still unwon " A People's Henetlietion." Mav his labours be rewarded bv that Benediction. • >i<, '' i '/ '■>'-r-TTV'-"\-'!'. ■■■;*■ t>" II «»»»»»>»»»»»»»»»»»^»»»»»»»!J»^ I "aOSaNIM 3H1 J [aDIES! Alfred St. Laurent, Before you purchase your F"all Jacket I solicit your visit to inspect my stock in this line. 32 RIdeau Street. 9Jt? 94? 94? ?j|9 9JjJ9 9^ John Higman, STOVES. FLRNACES, Etc Plumber and Sf eamf itler, 68 O'Connor St. family amm •" f mine iDercbants I as Represented. ^ 9 261 Wellington Cor. Kent St., Ottawa, 4> All Qoods 4| QuaraDteed la J. RICKEY, Member Ottawa Social Science Club. J. H. KROWNE, Member Ottawa Social Science Club. JOH.\ J. II.ALLINAN, Secretary, Commercial Union. .'<■', TBue Engilhit HdDonr IDayo [By Mk. p. P Ro.s.s.| THE bif,' end of man is his brain. Tiiat differentiates him tVom other animals. If the mind grows, the man rises. If it does not grow, the man remains in the class of the dog or horse — behind the horse, because the horse has so much more muscle. V'ou can hire a laborer in Ottawa for a dollar a day, but you have to give more for a horse. The point as regards the length of working day is whether it pays mankind to keep a man in tlie horse class or get his brain going. Work an average man twelve hours a day, and you get the horse end and only that, and you ensure that nothing more will ever be got from him, and proh.'biy little more from his sons. What is a man fit for when his daily twelve hours of work are over ? Kxcept in the youth or early prime of life, he will not at the end of his toil have the HAVE YOU TRIED SAINITARIS, THE MONARCH OF NATURAL MINERAL WATERS. H Perfect Bealtb Drink. For all People, Of all Ages. • -«>.• C A M I T" A R I S i"ii"H'l hi' I'xrollt'd ;«s a table water, and is ' in jjie.it demaiul wherever introduced. SANIXARIS "'" ''''■"'' iiieelyTwith tlie most delieat.' ' wines and liipiors, iiiipartinj^" a zest and piqiiane\' whicii makes it a l"a\\>rite in lu>tels, elubs and private families, where it is larijely used. OAM|"T"Ap?|Q is very vaUiable inVall kidney and stomach ' troubles, and will be found of jfreat benclit as .'i morninj; drink by those sufl'erini; from a shiffjjish or inactive liver, inilucin^ biliousness, j.auntlice, dyspepsia, const ip.'it ion, j^'out, rheum.a- tism ami similar disi'.'ises. QANIXARI^ i^ boltled'at the Springs oiilv bv TiiK DiA- On IN I I M n 1 3, ^,^,^1, ,,^|^,, \,,^.,.'„ ^, \vatkk Co., of Am- prior, l.inuted, ;ind is stoppered with the Crown Cork, which bejirs its name ami rejfisiered trade m;uk. Beware of Substitutes. For samples, price and all information, apply at the SANITARIS DEPOT, 199 SPARKS ST. TEI/EPHONE No. 475. CHAS. SCRIM, Sole Agent for Ottawa. Come in and get Lunch at any ' Price you lil\e. iX^ C. S. Csissidy. 4^ W. H. Martin & Co., Merchant TailprSt ^fii Spring and Summer Suitings and Trouserings, 7i^ 135 SPARKS ST.. OTTAWA. '4 The Eight Hour Da.y~ Contiiunul. desire nor if he have the desire will he have the vitality to turn himself to anytliinjj hut the brute desire to eat and sleep. His home won't keep him out t f the saloon. He lives and dies a clod, and it will be strange -t his nejjlected boys are any better. The old world rolls .long with its human ireiji^hi of dullness, ifjnorance and misery and it has derived no j^jood nor is anybody the better for the God-given intelligence which lies dormant in such generations of men. .All that the work! gels is muscle of two-legged animals that in proportion are among the weakest physically of creation. That is the meaning of excessive manual labor. One man in ten thousand may get out of the rut. Nothing can keep-down an Elihu Burritt, the m learned blacksmith i. who masters twenty languages, or a Hugh Miller, the stone-cutter who comes to teach college professors geology. But it is the average man you must reckon with in your rules and regulations, and for him not only twelve hours but eleven or ten are too much if we look for a betterment of the condi- tions of humanity at the pace every generous mind must wish. The argument that applies against twelve hour day applies in but less degree against eleven or ten hours — in many employments against nine. If man's brain is to tell, you must give man a chance. Yon must give him hours ot work which will leave him sur- plus energy. At the same time, he must be able to earn enough to get good food and a decent home for wife and children. He must be on such a basis that he can respect himself, that he can have some pride, that his family can respect him and themselves, that they can have some pride, which means a spur to self-improvement. Vou must get the man out of the horse class with its beginning and ending in hay and c ts. An ounce of brain is worth a ton of muscle, and 1 think it fair to say that history shows that it is only a question oi time until the nations whose working classes are on a liberal basis of hours and pay, permitting oi expansion of mind and body both, pass ahead oi nations whose working classes re- main worse o(f. This argument might be carried too far. Some one may say that if a working day ot eight hours is better than on^i of nine or ten or twelve, a four or five hour day is better than an eight-hour one, and that if a two- dollar wage pays a coimtry better e\entually than a 75-cent wage, the community would do well to insist on every work- ing man getting a hundred dollars a day. It would be as fair to argue that because it pays a boy to stay at school until he is sixteen, it would pay him to stay there until he is sixty. There is in all things a limit at which the object aimed at by intelligent means is attained, and beyond which it would be folly to push the process. In cold weather it is a good thing to start a tire in the stove, but you are not called upon by your convictions in that line to set fire to your house. .Argument for reasonable and moderate hour., of labor with fair pay conveys no license to argue that it would be a good thing if all the world were to live on a feather bed and be served with champagne and chicken pie several times a dav. The duty of employers and of the public ceases when labor reaches a point at which a good living can be earned bv the average workingman yet leave him spare energv and vitalitv for something besides his bread-wimiing. .An eight-hour day is not far from that point. Don't expect a miracle. Nothing happens all of a sudden as conditions of labor are improved. .-V fair day's work and a fair day's p;iy will not revolutionise the face of civilization in a minute or a year or a score ot years. A man who gets an eight-hour day won't go home after his work and start to learn the Kncyclopedia Britanica by heart. Thank God, there will be something better for him to take in than that — leisure to look about him, time to do more for and with hij> wife and ^ tI:^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^"f rf -• t?:* ^f ^^ rf:* •!:• ^^ -H T^p BURN — . 11 E. B. Eddy's 1^ Matches ••• It ^., -^THEY NEVER FAIL. ^44^ %• 4"* A^JH* 4"* *^i^ 4^ ^4^ ''l^ 4^ <^ ^'l^ '^l* ^li^ '^ guUjde rslJHardware I,ock9, I atches, &c., of the Latest nestgns. Mechanics' Tools ol Every I-escnption. Shelf and Heavy Hardware '•""''" •tr::;iit*'frr ''''■"'"•' I 2 STORES 115 RIdeau St. I Phone 413." 2 STORES j J f\n n nwp 408 Bank St. ' \ ] jK - Phone 1024. i "W« L/ lilL INSURE IN The Canadian Railway Accident Insurance Co., OTTAWA, ONT., A Purely Canadian Company. fliitliorlzfid CiDltal $500,000. SiibscrlhBd Capital $175,000. J. W. McRne, President John Emo, General Manager, Hon. E, H. Bronson, Treasurer. J. P. Dickson, Secretary. Issvu's .'ill il.MHSfs of I'lT-iOiial .\c-i-iiU'iU I iisiMaiu'i'. I'liliiius con- laiiiin;,^ all lati",t ami iip-to-cl;iti" lojiluii's, al ralos .is Imv .is lonsislcnt with sal'i'ty. W'l- woiiUI be pk'.isi'd to solicit llu- palronaji:f of the inombiTs of llu' ililVrrt'iil labor oiijaiiizi-lions .mil woiilil i;ill llioir- .ilti-ntion to the tact lli.'it llu' stock of this Company is lai^i'lv liekl by niombors of the soil! or^'.'iiiizations in C'lnacia and \vi» ihorofin* shonlil ri'rt'ivi' thoii* support. Home Oltlce, No. 26 Wellinflton St,., Oltaw?, Out. Fellow Laborers And Members of tbe Band If you want good work send jonr Washinjj to the . . . Star laundry Co 48 QUEEN STREET, 16 r' KRKIX WOTLKY, Sec, Painters and Decorators Union. A1.FRKI-) DIMONTIKR, One of tilt- Karly llosinu Committee Couni'il, CHARI.KS UM. IM.KT. I'res., I'ainlers and Decorators Union. The ISiglit Hour children, freedom to respect himself as something better than a beast ol burden, opportunity to take an intelligent interest of some kind or another in the doings of the community about him. Education, all ol it. He is no longer a log, no longer an automation ; his brain becomes active, he is a better man and a better workman. He can earn more be- cause he is worth more ; the man succeeds the animal, the mind succeeds matter. His home becomes more comfortable. His children in turn get a better chance. No longer is it clod after clod ; the boys start ahead of where their father leaves off. In a newspaper composing room in Ottawa seven or Day — 0)>i tin lied. eight years ago the hours of work were ten per day. The employers cut the time down to nine and a half hours. In a few weeks, the amount of type-setting done prove to be as much as had previously been done in ten hours. \ year later, if 1 remember the time aright, the hours were cut down to nine. Before long, the amount of composition was again up to the old standard. The compositors wete able to set as much in nine hours as they had once done in ten. The Journars composing room was the one concerned. When type-casting machines came in, the day was reduced to eight hours. As the nature of the work changed, a further com- parison could not be made with the old hours, but a signifi- •7 Mevnbers of the Allied Trades A Labor Association j^giLOJiiLe, p. A. Sinclair, 217 (t 2W Wellington St.. Ottawa. For Harness, Collars, Saddles, 6tc., ...CALL ON... Eo Fo RRLK Bicycles lor s:ile and to rent. 43 & 45 Duke St., Ottawa. Stoves, Tinware, Roofing """ Jobbing. Jo ©o Emngtoito 331 WelUngton Stroet. IPdDMmdry S3 §3 S3 ^ ('astinjj.s in Brass, Bronze, Copper, Etc., Lifjht or Heavy of Finest^Quality. T[hi(D)So Law^dDirn Cor. Qneen and I/yon Streets, Ottawa, aud^Brewery St., Hull. •'■f. Windsor Rest auxant, RIdeau Street. D. Caviollem, Proprietor. James Hope & Sons., Booksellers, Stationers, Bookbinders and 3ob Printers. Presbyterian Book of Praise, LA HAISE BROS., Turnlturc, CARPETS. OIL CLOTHS, CURTAINS, STOVES, &c. 116 Rldeau Street, Ottawa Phone. Itae. ir The Blgfht Hour TiBy—CoHtiHutd. cant f.ict was noticed cluriiifj- a busy season. To jjet extra settinf,' ihe /oinnii/'s linotypes were run over-time re^fularly in the evenin^js for a while. At first the additional " strinj; h was fully what was expected, but after some days the extra output be^fan to tall otT and became not a jjreat deal more than the old rcjjular ei^-ht-hour output had been. The operators had under the extra strain lost some of their snap. Th.s line of arg^ument would not hold good in many in- dustries, ill will admit. I do not quote it to convince em- ployers that they can rely in all businesses or even in many on getting as much value soon from eiglit hours work as from nine or ten at the same wages. Some employers may, many won't. For many years the business benefit in most cases will hang fire, and when it does come is likely to come at first in an indirect form, resulting from the general improvement of the communily. The case quoted above is used chielly to slunv that long hours do knock some of the heart out ot workers ; that long hours do dull liie brain .iiid slow the hands. The worker must losu vitality, and with it the wish and ability to better hiniselt by voluntary extra effort ; and the community in the long run loses proportion ately. The broad, big basis for the eight-hour argument is that long hours are a strain on men which is not compen- sated for to the community by the extra work which tem- porarily may be done, and that eventually- — not all at once not for _ a generation perhaps — moderate hours mean healthier, more intelligent, more capable and more valuable masses of men and women, that in the long run moderate hours with fair pay will produce greater industrial value than long hours with the s;ime or less pay, while at the same time they brighten the whole conditions ot existence on God's footstool. But employer as well as employee needs fa'r play in the matter of hours and pay. With the employer it is often a choice between decency and bankruptcy. He may wish to ask but a fair day's work and pay a liberal wage, but if other employers in the same line won't do it he can do it only by risking shipwreck. Kven a business with a goiid margin of profit can often not be safely experimented with. Condi- tions once changed can often not be restored. Business loss can often not be regained. It is easy to come down, hard to climb back again if neccssiiry. hluman nature in employers as well as employees slirinks from making one's self and one's family victims and martyrs for a theory. Smith says to himself, u If I cut down the hours of my men to eight, and Jones, Hrown and the rest of them keep on at nine or ten hours, they'll have at the start a bigger output, will undersell me, and I'll lose business. Then it I find eight hours won't do, I'll have a row with my men if I start to put thein back to nine, and anyway I'll have lost customers and won't find it easy to gel them b;ick. .M.iy be my business will be wrecked and wh.it better will anybody be ? The eight-hour day for workingmen generally will be farther off than ever, as other employers see the disastrous result of my experiment. n Here is where labor luiion tells. Concerted action is possible. Pressure on employers can be made general, and at the same time employers know that if they yield together they are less likely to lose. Some will not retain business advantages over others. There is thus a better chance that etnployers can be induced collectively to agree to generous conditions. Many of them will always be glad of a living chance to do so. In this and many other respects humanity may thank heaven for the results of the labor unions. The injustice they have done is milk and water to the injustice they have banished. Certainly they have been narrow at times, bigoted, 19 eanadd «; Jftlantic « Railway. Short' l.iiu- l)flwiTii Olliiwa iiiul Moiilii'.il. ym'bi-r, H.ilif.ix, Si. John, Ht)>.loii, New Noik ,iml all ICastrrii iiiiil \i'\v ICiiirlaiiil points. , 6 TRAINS DAILY 6 OtlHwa, Arnprlor and Parry Sound lallway, .Shoili'stJ aiul hi'st routi- biMwcfii Ottawa ami Aniprior, RenCrew, EKaii- villf. UK .Mjfoiuiiiiii Park (finest campinKi Canoeing S. EBBS, C.T.fl., Ottawa. J. E.WflLStI, fl8»'t. Gtn'l, Pass, flgtiit, Ottawa, S. W. MILLS. W. gUEALt. B©eE(SH H©TEL AND RESTAURANT The Moat Complete Privnte Hotel In the City. European and American Pinna . . . (L>pp<>hi(f I'^'iNt MKtck Pntliuin-'nl HiiitJirlK*--) niLl.5 & QUEALE. (^ OTTAWA, PROPS. CANADA. M©eEIRT STEWRMT OFFICE: CENTRAL CHAMBERS, Cor. Klgln and Quoen Btreeta. T[re, Clfe and JIccl(l:nt Insurance Kkprkkkntinii thk Followinu Compamir* : ^•^v^B V\«i k»8u«mci Co. 05 tnuv-kHO. V^knomv fjRt Kssubuhci Co. o? \«tvmD. T«l fiO'A.t« NHSflCTTOH kltO \NS\lRkHCl Co VlDfUkt \. lit ^SSyHkHCt. CoMfkHI . Loaaea Paid P romptly. ^^^ The Ottawa Brewing & Malting Co. XRV OUR . XXX Porter, Sparkling Ale. Vienna Imager is the best. ao \V. H. CHAPMAN, President, I'liinibcrs, O.is .incl Sloamfittcr!i Union. J. C. Ki:VNOI.|)S, President, Ottawa Typojfraphii-al I'nion, No. 1 02. W. T. HVKNI'S, Sei iflary, Ottawii Ty|) Embossed /Vie* tdllic Ceilin gs, S c z 156 BANK STREET. OTTAWA, ONT. 'tO % JI. Dcsrivlem $ Co. IPllsiiiiiQiiiig! MnBIl 000 Ottawa, ONt. ^ Sash, Corner of Trief Door «n«i and murray St. Blind i# Factory. Working Men and Women kZ"!'^"!^'^ w EnoHlf thfraimi'of LnW^r hv nmUinij vonr lutmet ri-nl haven* of riHt for ilir lirfil mitui iiiul ho.l> . Skilllitl Ii.iiuU and a fi-w rolta tifour lUiiiU iliiintv :nu! urriotii- iK-siyiis o| all Paper* • * m mv Htnrc uill ir.insl.inii llu- ihilU-st roonin into brivfht. iluvrtill ;inil [lappv lioiiu--. THe ReO SQUARE 5RAN0. N thf Ui-aJ> Mixrd I'aint lo u^v-. No oth.-r y(\\y.-^ siuh satiht action. Exquiwte Coach Color-*. _ , ^__ FJ^OCR PAINTS. The lx-«t wcarinif and i|iiitkfsl Jrvintf in llu- imirliil. I'llll linen of ARTISTS' MATKKIA1.S. ^foTk • WM. HOWE, MANUFACTUKER, aa. The Bight Uour Day -('•»•< /m/i-i/. wiiril iiiul ilirlv. Mncauliiy in one of his essiiys coniparcs incornpiclo outhrciiks for freodoni to buikiinf,'s in tlif loursc of erection : — " Tlif final niul piTiiruiiMil fViiili ollihorty aiv wisiltiin, iiiiuli-raliiiii ami iiuTiy. lis inmiriliati- ••IVcil> an- otlcii alroiioiii iiiiiu's, loiiltiiliiiK errors, si-fplitisni nn (loiiils llif most lU-ar, il"|{inalism I'li |)iiiiii-, tin- most iiiystiTiiiiis. It is just at this irisis that its i-iii'iiiies lo\i- toi-xliibil it. Tln'V pull di)\v!l till- si-ad'olilinK ''"'" '''<" haU'-liiiisluHl nlitiii-; llu'V p.iiiit to tin- Hyiii>f iliisi, ilu- falling: 111 iiks, llic iiniilDitli'ss rooms, ilu- liiKliHiil irrfM:ularily of tin- uliolc appi-araiuc ; aiul thi-n ask in si-oiii wIuti- tin- proinisfd splciuloui- and I'omlorl is to be loiiiul. IT siuli niisi-rabU' Hopliisms wiMv to prt'vail, I line would m-viT Iw a kooiI lioiiso or a jfood jfovrriiiiiciil in lliu world." The same truth applies to the great revulutions in the cause of labor. They must not be jiul^eil by half-wny np- pearaticcs. Turbulence and injustice may accompany ajjita- tion sometinu's perhaps very often but im just esiitiiate of the final effect can be based on tempi>rary aiul partial trou- bles. What is the effect in the lonjf run ? What end gained at the last i' These are the questions. What will the finished buildin^f be like ? Who that studies the conditionn of labor now as compareil with the conditions of labor fifty years ago can honestly fail to answer that they are chan^'ed tremendously lor the better ? .And who can honestly deny that the principles and work of the trades anil labor unions have had enormously to do with the improvement. PAINTERS AND DECORATORS, No. 200. Previous to 1890 the painters of Ottawa had made efforts to mjiintain a union but met invariably with failure. Finally in the latter part i>f iHt)o, sotne of the old members of the defunct body g'ot tofjelher atid sij^fiis of better support beitip evident a reorganization followed. To-day the .\ssii- ciation is financially healthy with a good metnbership cotn posed of the best workmen in Ottawa. Apart from being a labor Union, it is also a benefit society as well. .Any member's wife dying receives from $50 to $150 from the burial fund. To Mr. George Higman is due much of the credit ot the success of this Union o( which he is deservedly recognized as the pioneer. Mr. C. W. Plet, the president of the Union is a native of Denmark and Mr. h'red. Motley, the financial-secretary, is a native of Bristol, England. F.xcellenl portraits of both officers appear in this Souvenir. These officers are true hustler's, always ready and willing to do anything to promote the welfare of their order. They enjoy the esteem and con- fidence c^ their fellow members and deservedly. «3 Tlh© Mlhaiimlbrffl, B. Mellon, Prop., Queen Street, Ottawa. Always on Hand. STEPHEM BR05. IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN PaintSt Oil$t 6\m, Putty, Uarni$bc$, Brushes, €tc, €tc., 164 Sperks St., OHAWA. ONT, Capital, excelsior Ofindsor I and riDavkct fIDeat Shops, Slattery & Terrance, BUTCHERS. Importers and Manufacturers of Fine Table Delicacies. '^M The Hub. ) 644 AND Saa SUSSEX ST. Cl^oieest Wines, Liquors and Cigars. Dpaugl^t Jlle and Liquors a Speeialt]^. THOS. MURPHY Proprietor. Bo SLDMMo VICTORIA BAKERY AND CONFECflOINERY. 177 Creighton St., Rldeau Ward and Branch Store, S49 Bank St\ Pure Candy and Confectionery, Vienna, Home Made Bread, Guaranteed the best. First Prize and Diploma were won by Mr. Slinn at tiie Central Canada Exhibition 1896- 1897, for the best Bread and Wedding-Cakes. Insurance Agency established OT.. PennocK & Masson. REPRESENTING — JEtiM Insurance Co., Hartford Fire Insurance Co., Scottish Union and National Insurance Co., Standard Life Assurance Co., Employers' Liability Assurance Corporation. a4 » ■'! E. J. I'OTVIN, "< Lalior-Day Committee. FRED. \V. DUNKIN, Labor-Day Committee. J. McLaughlin, Labor-Day Committee. Tlhe WdDrlkers aimdl itihe TDnnnnker^ ^. ; By A. C. )OMMKNTING on the tendency in human nature to take men at their own estimate of themselves, Herhert Spencer says that if an unknwn man were to put out his sign in any town, announcing himself as a banker, people would straightway bring him their money to take care of. This is an extreme case, but the observation has in it a great element of truth. Of all the people who are accepted by their fellows as being what they pretend to be, none are quite so easily successful as those who " let on " to be philosophers. As philosophers generally theorize about matters of no Campbell. practical importance, this tendency on the part of other people to take them at their word, does not matter very much. Bui the sages sometimes do turn their attention to everyday affairs. In fact, one branch of philosophy has taken up the suDJect of work and wages, which is a practical matter enough, as any man can see. True, the advance of the workers in the direction of freedom has made it necessary for the phil isophers to throw aside system after system, but they are philosophical enough not to mind a little thing like that. According to the philosophy of ancient Greece, the natural as Every WorkinSman In his own Interests The Evening Should Head Journal Why? Because the Journal is the only paper in Ottawa that has systematically championed the cause of the working classes. The Journal has always supported the 8 hour day. The Journal has always supported proposed legislation calculated to benefit the condition of the working mc " Ask Tour Leaders If this Is net SO. 'Yht Journal costs but i cent per copy. It will he delivered to your house in any part of the city for 6 cents per week or 25 cents per month. The Journal is established as the leading paper of the city. It leads in enterprise, in reliability of news matter. It is essentially a home paper. If you don't read it now, try it. Qeorge H^we, Canada's Ccadlng WWW pmeoo painter, Glazier 201 sparks B outer n(D)r OTTnWfl. For High Class Bread and Confectionery you must goto 1)6 Palace. uuu Our Trade is iiicreiising rapidly [and to do that in our progressive city you must make ; first class goods. Kindly give — -r'T- — (jjip order and you will be delighted. Mr; E< lEmm, Cor. Bank and HariM Sts. 26 The Workers and the Thinker a— Con A'»«*rf. and necessary condition of the workers was slavery. The Romans accepted this, with some slight and temporary variations. The European philosophers of the Middle Ages, such as they were, proceeded upon the theory that a worker must be the serf or retainer of some lord. A " masterless man " was assumed to be not a worker, but a thief. As the king- or prince was often — we might say usually — at variance with his great vassals, it often came about that he sought the assistance of those workers who had fled from their lords, and established themselves in free cities or communities, repaying them either with extended liberties or with money. Thus, the great vassals were crushed between the upper millstone of the king's prerogative and the nether millstone of the people's power, while the king waxed great. The danger to the king lay in attack from outside, and to resist it or fore- stall it by attacking his enemy, the king needed, above everythmg else, ready money. For this reason, it became the object of the statesman to bring into his country gold and silver. The philosophers, throwing the practice into scientific form, worked out a theory that a nation was rich or poor according as it had or had not a great quantity of the precious metals ; and this was accepted by the people, as true, just as so many other absurd ideas have been. Under the influerce ot this belief, the ends of the world were discovered, trade w is fettered, whole peoples were destroyed and war became al- most continuous. The workers worked, not that they might enjoy the products of their labor, but that the king might have the means to hire them to kill his enemies. But the kings impoverished themselves in the vain effort to make themselves each greater than his neighbor. The riches went to the men who had secured control of the gold and silver, and these people took the kingdoms over virtually as bank- rupt concerns, after retaining the old kings as "igureheads, or appointing their own nominees. A new philosopher and a new philosophy were then needed, and, prompt to the hour, they appeared. The philosopher's name was Adam Smith, a Scotch college pro- fessor. His theory was set forth in his great book, "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations." His main propositions were that goods, the products of labor, and not gold and silver only, were wealth to a nation ; and that capital was the chief factor in the production of wealth. The acceptance of tln-^c doctrines meant a long step in the direction of freedom. Adam Smith was the great Radical of his day. Pleading the theories which he set forth, the capitalists, who were then the real captains and leaders of industry, secured great freedom, notably, in Great Britain, but to some extent, all over the civilized world. Industry had a chance for its life, which it never had, except by fight- ing for it, in the days of feudal or royal tyranny. But. barons had become great and kings had grown powerful, not as oppressors but as defendors of the people. It was when they began to rob labor and to live in luxury upon the proceeds of that robbery that they signed their own death warrants. So it has been with capital. So long as it confin .'d itself to useful work its pretensions remained un- questioned, but to the extent that it has allied itself with pri- vilege it has ceased to be capital and has become a parasite. This has given rise to practical difliculties, and, year by year as these have manifested themselves, the exposure of the errors of Adam Smith's reasoning has been going on. We have now reached the point where once more, the world is called upon to find a new philosophy. What shall it be ? Every step hitherto has been in the direction of greater freedom for the workers. Labor, once a slave, has become recognized as one of the factors, though a subsidiary one, in the true lite of the world. Must we stop there ? Must we turn back ? —r'X^^--'-^-r-^-~- — ^ - - .^ 27- ESTABLISHED 1865 ^^ Cry- ^o B radinas Hk$ and Portm. ♦♦♦^ 461 Wellington Street Ottawa. PHONE 106. Working= men. Take the Electric Cars to all parts of the city and don't miss a trip to Victoria and SSTljlL Rockliffe ' Fare 5 cts. Hai*KS. 6 Tickets for 25 cents. f^ Canada's €l)eap($t %m .... for... Dry Goods, Ready Made Clothinjj, Grocer- ies, Crockery Boots and Shoes, etc., etc. Jill Departments Are on the Qround Floor. A. Pt. Foumier & Co., 327, 327 J, 329, 329 J Wellington St., Ottawa. m eanaaidn eranite ec/nL? and dealers In all kinds of Floor Tiling and Plumbtrs' Slabs constant- ly on hand. NonumentaJ Work. ti ii ti Artificial Stone Sidewalks. ^^.ti Marhlclzed Slate and Wood Mantle Pieces. FLOORS, Etc. C. J. ROGER, MGR. A. MACLEAN. PRtS. 38 The Worktre and the Thlnkera— CuH/i««frf. Henry George has answered that question to the satis- faction of many. He points out that the errors of the system identified with the name of Adam Smith are fundamental. He recognizes that the "Great Scotchman", as he calls him, saw some truths with wonderful clearness, that he did noble work for the world, and that he he is far the superior as a reasoner of many who now carp at his conclusions. Adam Smith assumed that capital employs labor, pays the wages of labor, provides the sustenance of the laborer, and is the first and greates factor in the production of wealth. George proves that all this is the reverse of true. Capital is not necessary to production, though it facilitates and increases it ; it does not provide the wages of labor, for labor creates its own wages, it does .lot employ labor but is employed by labor ; it does not provide the sustenance of the laborer, and a labor is one of only two necessary factors of production, the other being the raw material and standing ground provided by nature, or "land", as the political economists call it. Capital properly so called is an aid to production, and the capitalist, as a matter oi honesty and justice, is entitled to his share of the product. The enemy of both capital and labor is privilege, or, as we often call it, monopoly. Now, monopoly is only the control by a few of a power which enables them to levy a tax upon all for the benefit of the few. That power is a natural thing in many cases, and it grows with the growth of society. But private control of it is un- natural and unjust. The bottom monopoly is the private ownership of land. To abolish this and make the workers free it is not necessary to take away title deeds, but only to use the taxing power of thj government to take from the owners the value of their monopoly, not interfering at all with any- thing created by labor and owned by them. Other mono- polies, such as highways, waterworks, &c., should be taken over by the community as they appear, and the cost of these and all other public services should be defrayed by the pro- ceeds of the Single Tax on land values, other taxes being abolished except so far as taxation may be found the easiest means of minimizin^y r preventing nuisances. The eflTect of this is to put labor in its proper place as the king of the world, and to complete the reasoning which the logic of events has been working out all these years. The acceptance of this philosophy would end the days of privilege, for with opportunities for labor open to all and with wages assured to all, there would be universal freedom. This philosophy, first propounded in complete form eighteen years ago, is met by opponents of two kinds. In the first place there are the Socialists, who look to organiza- tion for the solution of the problems that confront us. They see n*. practic Jistinction 'between true capital and privilege wearing the mask of capital. To prevent oppression the capitalist and the laborer they say, must be the same man, owning capital as an equal owner with the rest of the com- munity and working under the direction of the community, privilege being done away with by the legal and industrial equality of all. The Socialists and the Single Taxers (as the followers of Henry George are now called) differ fundament- ally. But the Socialists recognize the evils under which modern hiunanity suffers and they propound what they believe to be a cure ; and for the doctrines they profess they work with the energy of heroes. The people will decide between these ooposing schools. As both seek only the good of the people, it is only necessary that they should be understood; the discussion of the questions at issue will bring out the truth. Meantime the most devout follower of Henry George can afford to say : .A.1I honor to the Socialists. The other of the opposing schools is particularly dealt with in the last book of Henry George, not quite completed at the time of his sudden and glorious death in the midst of 29 i J ; ; i ^■•'^•'^•'^•'^■•'^^ -«''«- the $1 m\% Bold, ALP. BRULE. 43A4B Pr*p. York Street. OTTAWA. Choicest Wines, I^lquors and Cigars on hand. The Ottawa Tattersall Livery, Boarding '^"^" Sale Sf ables. The Best in tKe City. 54 QUEEN ST. PHONE. 51B, OTTAWA. ONT. C. D. GRAHAM. PROP. THE leader*^ Restaurant Dave Walsh, Proprietor. CHOICE WiNES AND CIGARS. OTTAWA. '^.^^^^^-S-S^^^^^^^^^^^ evere House, «jrxjv%^«.« 475 and 479 Sussex Street. n. Quinn, Proprietor. ^-9999^^999^9^99^^99i 30 J. A. TORNEY, Pres. Allied Trades and Labor Association. Member Labor-Day Committee. ANTOINE CHOgUETTE. T. U. Deleffate from O. T. U. No. loa. PLXCAN HELL. President Commercial Union. The Workers and the ThinketB— Continued. a campaig-n for industrial freedom, and honest government, in which he sought the suffrages of the people of Greater New York as their first Mayor. This book he calls " The Science of Political Kconomy." His first great work " Pro- gress and Poverty " was more widely read, probably, than any other book on political economy that ever was published ; but Henry George was never recognized as a political eco- nomist by those who are supposed to be the exponents of of that branch of knowledge, nor was " Progress and Poverty " quoted by them as a text book. In fact, man and book were ignored. No answer in scientific form was ever attempted. George was denounced as a demagogue or pooh- poohed as a visionary ; but his argument was never taken up except in patches, and then, usually, only to be misquoted or misrepresented. It was to meet these gentry that "The Science of Political Kconomy " was written. The author shows that these philosophers have found themselves ii> a very tight place and that the v have taken a most extraor- dinary course to extricate themselves from their didiculty. They agree with comparatively few of .Adam Smith's argu- ments, but they dare not differ from his conclusion as to the all-importance of the capitalist. Nor can they suggest new arguments to prove the same conclusion. Of course, they will not accept the simple straightforward reasoning of 31 ^k Will be pleased to show the public inv new store. NOW OPEN. Tn$pecfion Invited. ROSENTHAL, JEWELLER and OPTICIAN, )13 4 115 SPARKS ST. Jo Ao FK Manufacturer of -^ Planed Lumber, Doors, Sash and Blinds. All kinds of House Finish. Chaudiere Planing NllUs. PHONE. 75. M)flinm§il®dl 'St Maiirdlnmfflm, Fine Watches, Su-rliiiff Silver mill Silver rialed Ware, Optieians ami up-lo-ilale sliuk .It popiil.ir prires. Fine Jeweliery, 67 sparks St. The Spanish Fleet is sunk, hut McElllgott THE SHOEIVIAKER, Still Floats and in the lead in making to order Boots for everybody in A i style for finish. Leave word or send post card to the HOSPITAL •«> SICK BOOTS, When your Soles and Uppers will be attended to Remember the place, '^l "'. »^,V."*; .. Repairing wlJile you wait. and ai8 WelUngrton St. .■ «» j 32 The Workers and the Thinkers ('««/( ««^ the work of the world are relatively (and in deed, some of them absolutely) poor. Those who arrogate to themselves the title of philosophers, those who assume to leach the world on these subjects, have nothing to tell us, except that they know that everybody else is wrong, aiul thiit there is no law of justice in the matter. On the other li:ind, Henry iieorge not only declares that there is a natural remedy, but tells what it is and proves that the adoption of it is necessary, expedient and just. Suppose that the wheat grown in ^I.^nitoba, by some persistent and repeated error, all went to Hrilish Columbia, where the people could not use it and would not pay for it, while none of it came to the older Provinces, where the people need it and offer good money in exchange. And sup- pose that one man, named George, pointed out that this was due to a foolish system of bookkeeping on the part of the railway and elevator people, the wrong names being entered at the start, and the error never being checked. .And suppose that the members of the Institute of Accountants were to say; No, this man George is a demagogue and a dreamer, and must not he listened to ; he knows nothing of the science of accounts, for he tells you himself that he never attended col- lege, but got his education as a common sailor and journeyman 33 ife ii 182 ^^ A Visit is Solicited. K? impto n & Qo., If^orh Butcbete. 172 Kideau St. and 129 Bank Si,, cor. Sl.iter HAMS, SAUSAGES, I,ARD. Etc, Telephone : Rldeau Street 837. Bank Street, 1101 COURSOLLES <£ CO.. C*0* A^*L/ 184 I- a Rideau Street. Cbc Vork County Coan and Savitids €o. Furnishes a Good Investment, Five per cent, allowed on deposits. Thousands to loan at Reasonable Rates. Call at 66 Hank Street and get full particulars, J. J. /WASTeRSON, .* upt. OFriCR Hourc 9 ■.m. to 8 P-m. O® f(S)m Mke Me In tine condition and ;' agreeable to the palate? If so, then use J(D)[hi]iii[iLaiIbsi(tfs OF I,ONDON. IThere are many other Pianos, but the Karn is King, THE KARN PIANO '" ' Is the in.isterpii'ce of modi-rii m;inuf';ii-|iin.-. It is c.ipable of the most faithful expression of nalnre's serenity or deepest anjfer. The contrasting: exuberance of victory to the sadness of defeat and the tran<|iiihty of contented peace. Thus KARN IS KING, L). V\. ixflrn OC ^O.f 197 Sparka St., Ottawa. 34 The Workera and the Thinkera— C'o»(^^>"/"'' printer ; this whole question is a question of wheat and of debit and credit ; we do not lf that a ctianf,'e t>f NSUI.T your own in- f Icrests and use only Hrst-ilass Flour, t It costN 111) more than in- ferior fjrades when you know where it is to be had. Ask your Flour merchant or Grocer for any of the (ollow- in^j brands : VIcto la Patent, Snow Ball, StroHK Bakers', Capital. MANUFACTURED BY US. Tnke no other and you will make no mistake. THE Lake DesGhenes Miiiino Go Limited. PHONE. 768. # ESTABLISHED 1866. WHIN YOU WANT ANYTHINQ IN THI LINi OF I^rnlture .ao TO... o o Corner O'Connor and Ou^-tn Stre.ts. Who says McCarthy's Ale « « « « Why everybody, K of course I 36 R. G. HAV, I'-x- PrL'siilcii! Allii'il Track's aiul I.ahur Association.* -=m m I. M. SANDHRSON, Vici.'-PrLsiili.'iiI Toronto TraiL's .mil I.ahor foimcil. -=f$> 37 t \****^9^****^**9**** **********^**^***^ ¥*^¥ s I I AULT & POAPS. ^^^^^^^' Boots. Shoes, Rubbers and moccasins. 397. 399 and 401 Wellington St.. Ottawa, Ont. 38 ^-"^^^'V^-'Vy^.. ^\/>., CHAS. MARCH, Treasurer, Toronto Tratles and Labor Council. D. J. O'UOXOGHUE, Prominent Labor Leader of Toronto. 39 Central Canada Exhibition . . . B tries Close Tuesday, Sept. 13th. )ittowac SEPT 16th to 24th 1898. E^nlarjjcil llroiinds, increased .icoomminlatioiis, New Main Build- ing: ioiislrui.ted of iron, 134 >; 310 feet, entirely free inside from posts or obstriutions of any kind. The a^sislaiue of all labor and other organizations are invited towards inakin>;- this Exhibition the leading one of the Province. Spectacular for Nl| 5Si Uery Tntcmting ic I Dbor People •• J « « Notice, The Undersigned Sells everything TT WIZ: Dry Goods. Orocerien. Ready Made Clothinfr, \\Jf (Boys' and Men's) Hals. Caps. Furs. T.iilorintf, \> Ladies" Coats. C.-ipes and Mantles, th,- very Latest .Styli's. Tailor Made : Ladies' and Children's FcU "Hats for Fall and Winter; also Choice New Press Lloinls for Fall and Winter. -NEW IN. TEAS AND GROCERIES A SPECIALTY____^ G.S. JoHnston & 60. sjp'rBTw.'rdMirk.t. W******9*»**9**9*99****9***9*9*******9¥*994 f. fl. DESILETS. Merchant Tailor, Importer of Foreig^n and Do- mestic F'ancy.... Suiting's and Pantings .... 102 RIDEAU STREET, OTTAWA, FINE TAILORING A SPECIALTY. 40 SignteHndDirno ©irgisiirQn^siilndDiriio EdiUKsaitn^inic By D. J. O'Donoghue, Toronto. iHRONIC unsatisfactory conditions of any ciiaracter, as a rule, require drastic treatment if benefical chang'es are to be secured. Those who clearly perceive the very unequal :the oftentimes most unjust and iniquotous corJiiions connected with and governing our complex In- cf'Jstrial system, not only of the recent past, but of the living present as well, are united at any rate as to certain recognized and unquestionable facts in that connection. Education is necessarily a very slow process in any phase of physicial life. When the environments and comparatively rare opportunities for study and the exercise of trained thought onthepart of our workingelements — mechanical and manual — those who work for wages— with their, unfortunately, many national and reliijious denominational prejudices and their worse than foolish antipathies of one kind or other, are borne in mind and taken accouiii of, the wonder is, not that they are so culpably blind and thoughtless as to what they might have done and can do, to their own material advantage and advancement, but rather that the organized working people of this country have accomplished so much tending to the individual, as well as the collective welfare and advantage of all who strive to make a living — sometimes only a very precarious existence — through the wage s-ystem within the last twenty-five or thirty years in Canada. Whatever success has been achieved in this direction, and within that time, in this country, has been secured mainly through active, though intermettent agitation, more or less organization, and always resultant education. Each of these results follows the other just as surely and as effectively as day follows night. Twenty-five or thirty years ago the " Labor Problem " was an almost unheard of factor in public life or in every-day thought The man who was known — if known at all out- side of a college or univf.-.ity — as a student in the subject of politic.il or economic science, even in an abstract way, was charitably looked upon as being "a little off" in the brain, and more to be pitied than laughed at. .Vgitatjon among the industrial masses was doing its destined work in the meantime, nevertheless. To-day there is not a university or college worthy of the name, in any civilized country of the world, in which Kco- nomic Science — always involvinsj critical analyses of con- ditions with which working people have to contend always, is taught, that has not both also professor-, of that phase of modern, general education, as well as large numbers of zealo!' . and enthusiastic students. Airilalu>n has forced this npon the practical attention ot our higher educational insti- tutions, has pushed it into public prominence in the teeth of studied indifference and positive opposition. To persistent agitation is primarily, if not altogether due, the enactment of Ontario laws regulating and restricting the employment of children, young girls and women in factories, mines, laundries, shops and workshops. To this same cause is due the legalistation of labor organization, the Criminal Law Amendment Act, Labor Day as a legal holiday, Dominion Government Departmental regulations to prevent " sweating " in connection with the execution of Government contracts, the partial inauguration by the same Government, of a system embodying the employment ot union men and the payment of union or fair wages on Federal public works, and many other laws of like valuable character, all in the direct and specific interest of working people. Agitation must continue, for there yet remains much to remedy and 41 PURE AND GOOD. i9 Tlour and * * * OTTAWA, CANADA. 3 46 1-2 $park$ St., PUR , Tjjpcwriters, Typewriter's Supplies and Office Furniture. ■ Repiiirinj; and Copying- A Specialty. PHONE. 1312. oJjo Iriio iiuilJillQ Ottawa, Ont. k Ladies' and ^ — ^ Fine 9 Footwear, I Make a Specialty of 9> A full line of Trunks and Valises. F. Kehoe, Bookseller, Newsdealer, Stationer. « « « Picture Framing. 104 RIDBAU STR]SST, OTTAWA. 4a Agitation, OrKanlzation, much to secure. To stop, or even '.o become less active, would be to court certain reaction- -a dropping- back into worse than the old-time conditions — and this is not to be thought of or tolerated for a moment. The ideal aim must ever be " onward and upward" by all legitimate means, no m.-.tter how disheartening the apathy on the part of those sought to be benefitted, the treachery or insincerity of dema- gogues, or the open hostility of those boldly fighting to keep the worker in the capacity and status of a slave or mere machine. The most unassuming, the most quietly disposed, the least learned person in the ranks of our working elements in the factory, shop, mill or quarry, in the drain, mixing mortar or carrying the hod, paving the road, or cleaning the street, can be and should be "an agitator" among his fellow- workers and acquaintances, just as long as there is a wrong to be rectified or a grievance to be remedied — and usually there is — God bless and direct the " labor agitators." The workingman or the workingwoman to-day, who is so densely blind to believe or think for a moment BdtlCatlon Concluded. that he or she can regulate or determine the wages, the method under which wages are to be paid, the maximum of hours to be worked per week or per day, how overtime and piecework are to be paid for, or other conditions under which service is rendered, is simply " living in a fool's para- dise." Let either of them complain of some grievance, or attempt to secure a necessary change in some particular not approved of " in the office," and how quickly the cobwebs are pulled from the eyes ot the "agitator!" "Don't you like it? If you are not satisfied, you can go. There are others only two willing to take your place." It must not he forgotten that organization has a two- fold effect, for while it has done much of a positive character to the advantage of the toilers in every land and clime, it has been the means of preventing and checking a downward course, the end and depth of which no nne can truthfully name or contemplate. Let the watchword henceforth be as I have said, "Agitation, Organization, Education," ;ilong moral and legal lines, and God will bless honest efforts. BUIIt> barrels annuall>'. Equipped with the im^st miHlern plant, iiieludiiiy a De La Ver>fne RefriKt'ratinjf Ma- ehine. 7,s H.I*., with Water Tt. vet in conntx-tion ; a ^s H.H. Elivtrie Dynamo tor li^htinfj- Hrewcry and rtinninu: '^L'veral Motors; a larj^e W'aler Filter, capacity i.ooo jjaTlons per hour, throii(ch whieh water, after passiiiK. is absolutely pure and is used in nil hrewinjfs. Our improved facilities enable us to jfii.irantee our products. Kiiro)H>an and American experts have pronounced our establiHhnient and pri^ducts equal to the best on their rcsiwct- ive countries. I.artfe Malt House and Stora^jc in conneclton. THE O'KEEFE BREWERY COMPAINY § OF TORONTO, LIMITED. » John Kennedy, Aient for Ottawa, 427 Nepean St B«««C««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««' ''Le Temps" The only French Dally Ifews' paper publlahed In Ottawa and Hull. BRISK •"- NEWSY. Read by every I'Veiich Family in this district. The best m;lit ami Passengor traflic between Ottawa, Russell, Knibrun. Cry«ler, Finch, Newinf,'ton and Cornwall. Trains leave Ottawa (Sussex Street Depot), at 6:30 a.m., and 5:00 p.m. daily (except Sunday) arrivinf; at Cornwall 10:30 a.m. and 7:45 p.m., connectinf,' with the Clrand Trunk Railway System. I'"or information concerning rates, train service, etc., apply to J. O. HIBBARD, Oen'l. Agent. 39 Sparks St., Ottawa. CHAS. B. HIBBARD, GBO. H. WATSON, Pre*. & Oen'l. Mgr. Oen. Krt. & Ta»». Agt. Geo. Bailey, Locksmith, etc., 834 Wellington St., Ottawa. Phone. 946. BIcucle Supplies always on hand, Repalrino done on the shortest notice. Brass and CopDer Work done. RESIDENCE, 340 Wa/erley St. PHONE 915. Agent for LePage'c Oil Door Cheok and Spring. ^ '^ ^ ?j? 5:4? '^4? ^ ^ ^ ^ 9jj? 9^? ^- ^ ASK rOR^ ;l^MILDI^(S' CELEBRATED Ale. Porter and Lager Kept by all Hotels and Liquor Dealers . . . S. Owen & Son. An- now propared lor tlit- Kail .inil Winter Trade and ran Mipply you with a >;ood FALL AND WINTER SUIT From $12 and up. 7« BANK STREET. ALSO A FALL AND WINTER OVERCOAT. Siiecial attention given to Repairing, Turning, Dyeing, Cleaning, etc. We are just orxanizin)^ The Second Clothing Club. _;_.-.. ...v:- The payment for eatli member bein^ $1 per week, drawings taking place weekly. Kirst class !>I5 suit may lie thus obtained at most advantageous terms. Call and obtain a circular givipg full particulars. 48 flARRV PEACOCK, Biiildi'is' I,;iborers Uni in. J. 1'. GALES, Cor. Sec, BuilderH' Laborers' Union. C. S. O. BOUDREAULl. The Value of Organieatlon— C«nr/H«/crf. in selfishness. And yet, we fail to see in its growth any general result that could be called selfish or narrow. The sincere and experienced unionist will readily understand why the individual on joining a union is selfish and how it is he becomes a member of an unselfish whole. By closer asso- ciation with his fellow workers his sympathies are quickened. He finds that in the Union meeting his difficulties, his troubles are in common with others. He finds that to fight single handed for selfish ends is to become every other man's enemy. Consciously or unconsciously his higher nature is developed. He begins to look beyond self and awakens to the stern fact that only in the welfare of all his own .secure. Organization trains and systematizes the mind and is thus an education. Applied to either capital or labor it cannot result otherwise than in strength and power. Those will be strongest, the best able to protect their interests and advance themselves either invially or materially, who have the most perfect organization. No remedy for our troubles can be effective unless we are accustomed to method and administration, and in teaching ihese the organized labor bodies are contributing and developing one of the first and fundamental necessities to our social .salvation. 49 THB OTTAWA ELEC TRIC STAIR WORKS • • j. Mclaughlin. PBOP. All kiniU of Wood TtirninK and drille Work, S»»li, [JoorN, HliiuK ami Mi J9JJt?9Jj|99JJ9'?Si:?^ ■4? No u>e running to any other place 54? 94? Than** ^Ayj other gAp ♦ place ♦ '^\ ^ ^w ^* ^^ ^^ ^^ • • Marcil &eo. Hat ters •"•• Outfitters. 34 Ri.eau Street, OtUwa, Ont. «««««««44M>««««««««««««4 4««««44««««««4« «4«4>l « « iBank ist. ♦ Ottawa. tiOnl. THe Glb/VIOUH. The eiTIZEN ^ 1i "» Ottawa's Favorite Family Newspaper. I Cent per Copy, 35 Cents per flonth, DELIVERED TO ANY ADDRESS. R. H. Klock & eo.. MANUFACTURER OF — AYLHER P.Q. Pine and Hardwood bumber, Shingles, bath, etc. A full assortment of Floorlnr, Sbeetlng and Dressed Lumber always on hand. WRITE FOR PRICES. Organized l,ahot— Concluded. all of those who produce the wealth of the world avail them- selves of each others brains and brotherhood in a united battle for the right of equal representation in accordance with their numbers, with those of the professional classes on all legislative boards and in all parliaments of the people. The joining of the forces and final glorious achievement can only be brought about by those who are at the helm of the labor ship, standing by their wheel until the vessel is beeched on the fair shore of equality. To do this, the workers who are now organized must exercise that degree of determination expressed in the words of Oliver Wendell Holmes : — Be firm. One coilNt.-inl element in luck In tfenuine, Koltd, iild Teutonic pluck. .See yon tall sh.ift ! It fell the enrtqunke's thrill, Clunf^ to it's base, and greets the sunrise stilt. Stick to your aim ; the mon(freI's hold will slip, But only crow-bars UH>se the bult-dog's frrip ; Small as he looks, the jaw that neeer ^teldH Oratfs down the bellowinK monarch oTthe fields. Yet. in opinions, kH>k not ,ilways back : Your wake is nothing, mind the cominir track. Leave what you've done for what vounave to do : Dont be " consistent " but be simply true. ^^- Tttne EairBy (Stosnmig! McDvemiiieirnito The clerks were first called together by the K. of L. organiser. After organisation had been completed, the early closing movement was inaugurated. At first the clerks met with but poor success but encouraged by the more progres- sive merchants the most enthusiastic of the clerks kept up the fight for freedom and education. The Knights of Labor were then a strong and aggressive body in Ottawa. The members of Commercial Assembly, although few in numbers opened an energetic canvass of the various merch.'uits in favour of early closing and in spite of strong and strenuous opposition on the part of merchants who feared serious loss if early closing became a fact the clerks persisted and after two years of persistent eff'orts, sufficient signatures were secured to assure the passing of by-laws putting in force the shops regulations acts in the different branches of trade in Ottawa. During these two years. Commercial Assembly had grown steadily in memberships and its membership roll was now close on 300 and was counted as one of the strongest and most enthusiastic Union in the Capital, .\bout this time the merchants becoming satisfied that early closing was a boon after all befriended the clerks. .Archdeacon Lauder, Alexander Mutchmor, V. McDougal and others delivered telling addresses at a public meeting whicii produced the best results. The city press also gave a rigiit helping hand in for the movement and the clerks owe much of their success to this influence. The next step of Commerciiil Assembly will likely he in favor of a half Saturday Holiday. Let us hope they may be as successful in this undertaking as they were in their first. We are glad to be in a position to present to the Souvenir readers the portraits of The president of Commercial .Assembly and the Secretary as well as those of the most prominent workers in the early closing movement. 53 ,5^$j$-$^^^j$i$$i$j^$ m ean PrIM " I As is /In >??«5 Even on a ho.iid— if that's Hanli-il. .And if .t tasty, business-brinj^in_ij cata- loj;iii'. booklet, eireiilar, letter head, bill head— fine office printinjj of any kind — then we can do It. Jill new material novelties and Ulrinklet Carge Practical experience Reasonable Charges. Ouawa Priming Go. 3 & S Mosgrove St., Ottawa. Printers. I T T. PAYMEMT. Ofefeiinsnimg! is, R, CLARENCE D OALHOUSIE. OTTAWA, ONT. TELEPHONE 640. :&neimn§il SPECIAL NIGHT AND SUNDAY ^' »i»»»»i»»»a»»»i»»»:».»:»:»:»»»»»»»»»!»i»»i»»»i»i»»i»»!i)a. '« Capital Planing Mili I Timber, I lauinl^er, I Isaths, Dressed i^umber, Flooring, % 1 Shingles. * Gor.Bank & Catherine St. ! Sash, Doors, etc. S4 ^^ ■ 1 1 'h> «; 1 1 ■'''* ^1 "f-S"-, :>.. t^ p. M. DRAPER, V Sec. Allied Trades ;ind Labor As?*ociatlon. A. \V. HOLMES, President Toronto Trades and Labor Council. X. MERCIER, Vice-President Allied Tr.ides and Labor Asstieiation. 33 The Cor. I,ittle Sussex and Besserer Streets. Nicolet m House opposite Central Station, Ottawa. C. CHRISTIAN, Prop. Britannia Hotel, 319 W. McMULLEN, Wellington St. Prop. First Class I/ivery in Connection. DiShOp S WeUington St. Hotel, OTTAWA. RIDEAU STREET. FORESTERS' HOTEL. E. Robitaille, Prop. FIRST CLASS YARD AND STABLING. )IP([Dirttniiiig! ATHLETIC GOODS. KETCHUM & (Q(^(Q)^< Calcium, Carbide ana Ga$ inacbine$. ft. HObbftNO & SON. HARDWARE. 338 sparks Street, Ottawa. ■■ Ulcforia ^ ^ foundry €0, Founders, Machinists, Blacksmiths, etc. Water Wheels, Power House I'lants, Steam Bnelnes and Boilers. Automatic Hose Reels. 207 TO 209 MIDDLE ST., OTTAWA. Repairs Promptly Bzecuted. Agency for Reeve's Split Pulley. «SXS:0(SXSX@> Derricks, Steam Pumps, Rotary Pumps, Mining riaciiinery. Mill A HiKh Qrade natch riachinery ■ Sperlaity ' ■;SxS> 56 TBue S(D)(2naD SsneniKge ©Banlb dDlT ©iltowsic By Iglfric Drew Ingall. n UKSCRIPTION of the various organizations and activities tending towards the realization of a better state of things for the wage earner would be incom- plete without some allusion to the efforts of those whose aim is to induce a more widespread and careful study of those social problems, the immediate amelioration of which is the object of the trades unions and similar bodies. Before describing the particulars of these movements in Ottawa, it may be well to study their relationship to liie trades unions and similar organizations whose immediate utility is more evident. On thoughtful examination, it would appear that while their methods are q' ite different, each sup- plements the other. The trades union is an absolute necessity of the present condition of society. Whilst leaving aside the question of whether the present social and economic methods are the best, it aims to modify the worst results of things rt.v t/uy are, and constantly strives to counteract special evils as they arise and become unbearable. Success in any given venture of this kind, results in a maintenance of bearable conditions, and nothing further is done until some fresh attack of the enemy brings on a new crisis. Along with the growth of this movement the world over, has come a gradual awakening of interest in the study of these same questions in their wider bearings. Instead of re- garding each problem as self-contained and separate, the more thoughtful have been led to analyze the causes of these evils and have thereby become convinced, that varied as they are, they all proceed from more widespread and deep-seated causes. They have come to think that were our efforts directed toward eliminating these causes, their results would naturally cease, and the wage earner would not be forced to maintain his interest with so much painful and unremitting effort. As a result, we find that in every country have arisen groups of thoughtful men, who have organized themselves for mutual encouragement and help into Fabian and Socialist Societies, Single Tax and Social Science Clubs, etc. To the pure and simple Trades Unionist these have said : " Well and good ; social conditions are such that you must fight their bad efiects and make your life bearable inntK In that be assured of our .sympathy and help. Let us all, however, give a little of our time and effort to the study of these conditions and social methods in order to find out what is wrong with them. Then when all have convinced them- selves as to where the wrong lies, it will not be difficult to supplant the old conditions by better methods. A more complete and reasonable life for everyone will then be possible, social arrangements having been planned to that end. The awakening of interest in these ideas the world over, has been one of the most hopeful signs of these latter days, and in our midst the same features have not been lacking, and efforts have also been made looking to the solution of economic and social evils by studying and spreading the knowledge of their ultimate causes. The movement which led to the existence of the Social Science Club began in the winter of 1893-94 with the forma- tion of the Fabian Club of Q^tjiwa by a small group 57 w^pm- w^rwirw ^'^^)fM: ^eirw^rw- GO TO . . e©M '09 • • Tailors... Sank Street, Ottavs/i mr:(- ^v Wa(^^ -iffiMrW C. STRATTON, (Ubolesak and Retail grocer, $c. COR. SPARKS & LYON STREETS. Chase & Sanborn's Coffee, Renfrew Creamery Butter (best ill the world), Sugar Cured Hams (finest in the market.) TELEPHONE 664. cao TO L IPMHTT FOR FIRST-CLASS 00 BOOTS and SHOES... 281 Wellington St. and 393 Bank St., OTTAWA. 58 The Social Science Club of Ottawa— ("nH/iH'^v/. of Socialists. These felt the need of gatherintj together for mutual help and encourajjement, and that clearing up of ideas that comes from discussion and interchanj>'e of opinions. There was also a hope that thus a little leaven of these conceptions mipht be propaj^-ated amon}i;-st those who had never happeiicil to think on such subjects and also that it mij^ht eventually g^ather to itself all in the city who were or could be interested in its aims. In this a fair measure of success was encountered and much i.iutual benefit resulted. From a nimiber of isolated thinkers >.rose a g'roup of more systematic students and pro- pagandists. The Fabian Club of Ottawa later became a recognized branch of tne well known Fabian Society of England. .After a season or two of varied success such as usually falls to the lot of such efforts, it was decided in the spring of 1H97 to re- organize on a wider basis. It was felt by a number of mem- bers of the P'abian Club that there was hardly need as yet for a purely Socialist organization. The great bar to radical progress in improving .social arrangements lies in the tacit accepta"ce by the mass of the people of the fundamental con- ditions of to-day, 1 he way to overcome this is, if possible, to arouse a widespread interest in the exhaustive study of these conditions in their broader bearings. In this aim many schools of economic thinkers can join, and these were tlie general lines upon which the Social Science Club of Ottawa was started. Success attended the efforts of its organizers and out of the Socialist Fabian Club has grown the present institution which represents neither socialist, single-tax nor any other special economic doctrine, for it includes in its membership, advocates of all these schools ot thought, as well as those who are committed to no doctrine, but are simply enquirers. The only limitations adopted in the Constitution of the Club is, that matters of party politics and doctrinal religion are debarred, and it is the desire of the membership to main- tiiin it as an absolutely non-partizan organization. It wel- comes papers and addresses on any economic doctrine w'ith a view to their discussion by the members and audiences at its meetings, but commits itselt as 11 cliih to none. The meetings in the spring of 1897 were simply intended for the adoption of a provisional constitution, having accom- plished which and placed the matter in the hands of a tem- porary executive, they were adjourned until the fall when work was begun for the winter season with a largely in- creased and representative membership. The subjects introduced at its meetings were as varied as the management had hoped. Advocates of Socialism or of SingleTax were heard from, as well as presentments ofthe broader principles of justice and right which must underlie all successful human effort. A number of the city clergy gave the club the encouragement such honest efforts toward the betterment of the world should get from the pulpit. Not only did several attend the meetings and take part in the discussions, but two kindly addressed the club giving the standpoint of the Church with regard to economic reforms. The club had looked forward with pleasant anticipation to a promised address by a Cabinet Minister, hut tiie press of official business rendered it necessary to put this off until the commencement ofthe next season, in the tall ot this year. Considering the slight interest generally taken by "^he public in such matters, the average attendance at the meet- ings was very good, and representative of all schools of thought. As intended, the sessions of the club were discontinued during the summer months, but will again be resumed in the fall when the executive sees every chance for a still more successful and interesting season. 59 J. I. TREPHNIER, TOBACCONIST «-.-^ro Pool Room ill coiinectioii open iiutil ii p.m. The Best Tobacco and Cigars always on hand. 63i Rideau Street. MEO HaTEIL Choice Wines, Liquors and Ciyars always on hand . . . 61 and 63 YORK STREET, OTTAWA, ONT. Medas H. Gallien, Prop. F. X. ©UELLETTE. Tobacco and Cigar . . Store ■ . 4B1 SUSSEX sxRee-r, ottana/a. Best Assortment of Tobaccos, Cigars and Pipes. First-Class Barber Shop in Rear. NOTICE. The followinif an- ihe Factor) Insptvlors lor thi- Province of Ontario :— R. BARBER, Parliament Buildings, Toronto. JAS. R. BROWN, Parliament Buildings, Toronto. MARGARET CARI/YI,E, Parliament Buildings, Toronto. O. A. ROCQUE, Orleans, Ont. P«TM>I1' addrcsH. havinKl'ii'»i"»cHs with any oMhc Inspectors will find them at the above JOHN DRVDKN. Minister of A^frti-uldiri-. ONTARIO Trade Disputes Amendment Act, 1897. BOARDS: As to Railway Disputes — E. J. SENKLER, Esy., Judge of County Court, County of Liiu'oln, Chalniiiiii. JOHN D. EV.WS., Esv,)., C. E., Tronton, Ont. ED\V.\KD WILLIAMS, Loioinotive Engir.eer, Hamilton, Out. For other than Railway Disputes— -• y" .. ;: .;- ROC.ER C. CLl'TE, Q. C, BelU-villo, Ont., Chairman. DAVM) W. DCiMHLE, B.-jrrister, Poterboro, Ont. FR.'VNK PLANT, Printer, London, Ont. Dept. of .Ajfriculture, Toronto. D. J. O'DONOGHUE, /fe/fisirar. 6a ED. PRESLAND, Labor Day Committee. JAMES J. SCOTT, Early Closing Committee. A. ST. I AURE.XT. Early Closing Committee. The Social Science Club of Ottawa— Concluded. Hopes are entertained that the wage-earners of Ottawa may be induced to join in larger numbers and take an active part in this important wori<, as a iii since its inception has been one of steady growth and progress, till now it is on a sound basis both numerically and linanLially. The present member- ship is 240 ; and it has to its credit a capital account oi $.?,ooo besides a large .Sick Fund. Membership of O. T. U. hav« been always foremost in the organization and promotior* of Labour I'nions generally, and have ever extended the hand of fjllowship to brother Unionmen. The following are the preseiu officers ot Ottawa Typo- graphical Union No. loa ;- President, Jas. C. Reynolds ; Vice-President, Chas. St-Jacques ; Secretary-treasurer, Robt. Mackell ; Recording-Secretary, VV. T. Byrnes ; Executive C-ommittee, J. \. Murphy, (Chairman) P.M. Draper, C. S. O. Houdreault, J.T. Dufresne and VVm. Binks, jr. ; Sick Relief Committee, Jas. McCann (Chairmap), Geo. Beauregard and Alt'. Morris ; Sergeant at-/\rms, Nap Lepage ; Trustees, R. Hood and A. BeauJry ; Auditors, F. H. Coiisitt and M. Cobden ; Oelegates to Allied Trades .Association, P. M. Draper, C. S. O. Boudreault and Jas. C. Reynolds ; Delegates to International Typographical Union Convention, Robt. Mackell and Antoine Choquette. 63 Till' IliKlx'si AiillioriticH in till- Country KoconiiiH'tuI ?S 6|f6 iji 4(f5 ilfS 4^ «1^ «J5 4(fe. S|f5 4||b 4* *5* 9S Incandescent Electric liShtinit As the Best and Safc'Ht for the eye '^Qmm Electric Company, « « « New Fixtures and Shades, Electric Fans- RUSSELL HOUSE BLOCK. euardian Royal and Condon Tire Insurance Companies. StronKeSt, Oldi'Ht nnd BeHt W. Q. Black, orricE : flO Sparks 8t. Ottawa. ( I i 9 ( I i: II i: I; :; II (» (> *******i¥******l Ottawa's Greatest Cailoring Store , !■ on the bnay corner of Ottawa's bnay atreeta, BANK & SPARKS. New Fall Goods ARE NOW IN. Suits to order from $10 to $? \ 64 J. K. O. HKDAUn, Sec. National Hiotlu tIiiukI ami Hciiefit AHHOciitiioii o( BookbitiJerN. K. X. \.\l.l(jrKTTi;, Pre.H. National HihiIutIiooiI ami Ri'Mfflt Atiiociution ol' Bookblntleri). JA.MKS WAI.SII. Eaielhi ©me Fw lH15iniii§®[lffo Is a formula as irrational as it is unchristian. It has made sociely a fierce field of battle, a strufjffle without truce or mercy where each combatant fights for his very existence, and which invariably ends in the triumph of the strong an.l the crushing of the weak. Relentless competition, fostered by this individualism, has created these legions of homeless and hopeless toilers who cannot count on the morrow, with no position in society, left, with their families, to the chances of the labour market, and whom a moment o( idleness reduces to abject misery. In this state of disorganization of social pulverization, the , oiler is abandoned to the abuses of power and is condemned to excessive work, with no other protection than the personal charity of the employer who may not have any. Trade organization is the natural and only safeguard Hgainst this industrial bondage. If the toilers will join hand.s and stand together for mutual protection, an end will soon be just to the slave market regime. Antoine Choquette. 65 ;([D°©ipeirsi(tn(D)inic By J. H. Brown )0-OPERATION is a large word. But, like other large words, it means a simple thing. It means operating or working in company. It means in effect the same as what we mean when we say, Union is strength, harmony is better than discord, it is better to strive to help one anoth- er than to strive to overcome one another. There are certain ideas which carry their own light, their own proof, with them. Such an idea is the idea of co-operation. So that in the few words I have to say here on the subject, I shall enter into no labored argument, but will nieiely state what I believe would be certain results of co-operation. And if the mere statement of these results does not stir in the mind of the reader a desire for closer union, for more exten- sive co-operation among the workers, then I shall admit there is something wrong with my mind — or with his. The workingman, I suppose, does not want longer hours. It may be questioned — it is beginning to be ques- tioned — whether even working ten hours a day he has much time to call his soul his own, or even to find out whether he has a soul. 1 think the workingman has found out that he would like shorter hours. If he had shorter hours, he might perhaps find out that deep down somewhere he had a soul, and that this soul, mind, spirit, or whatever you like to call it, would be better for a little attention. Edu- cated people tell us we should cultivate our minds, but how is a man who toils like a slave ten or twelve hours a day, for six days out of seven, to cultivate his mind? No; if the worker is ever going to be any thing better than a slave, a beast of burden that to-day eats and sleeps and works, and again to-morrow eats and sleeps and works, he must get time to think, leisure to develop himself, and the shortest way to leisure for the workei, is by means of what ? By means of co-operation. There is in any given community of people — let us take the City of Ottawa for example — a certain amount of work to be done from day to day. The method by which that work is now done we call competition. That is to say, that here in the City of Ottawa, as elsewhere under our present system, we compete, tha*: is strive against one another, in doing this work. Of course there has always to be a certain degree of co-operation, but the system under which we work is the competitive system. Now, the people who believe in co-operation (some call them Socialists, and sometimes they call themselves Socialists) say that the present system is a most wasteful one — wasteful of time, wasteful of labor, wa.ste- ful of human life and of the leisure and opportunities which make life valuable They say the system of competition has been useful in its day, but its day is over or will soon be over. The changed conditions of our time demand the ap- plication of a different principle. The hideous and soul- destroying poverty amid a surfeit of wealth and luxury, the enforced idleness of thousands of the workers whilst others have to work too long and too hard, indicate a co-^ lition of things which cannot last. And to remedy these crying evils we must use our intelligence, we must come together and consider these matters, not selfishly each for himself, but in the common interest ; and having done so we shall find that we can accomplish working together what we never could accomplish working separately and each for himself. To illustrate the principle of co-operation on a small scale, let us take some of the industrial occupations of a city, of any city. There is as I have said a certain amount of 66 Co-operation— r«»/«»ii«# F. W. Dunkln. Well meaning and well versed in labour matters thi.s gentleman has contributed much to the advance of the aims of labour and w-ill do much yet. J. Mcl^aughlin. A Unionman at heart when he became an employee he could not forget his early training and is now what he ever was a staunch unionman. Men of that calibre are not found to do an unfair thing but are born fighters in the promotion of justice and fair play. As a delegate to the Allied Trades and Labour Association he is alike a credit to the Plasterers, and Labour Day Committee. W. T. Byrnes. ■ The unassuming Secretary ot the Ottawa Typographical LTnion is like most of the typos well posted and therefore makes a good officer. He is quite a favorite in his union. Antoine Choquette. This name is familiar in labour clrclf.'s in Canada. Backed by a sound education, firm character, a daily student and gifted with eloquence Mr. Choquette has been able to confer untold benefits upon his class and others too. A fluent speaker in both languages and a clever writer. Mr. Choquette had been destined to occupy a busier sphere than that of a printorial compositor. His retiring disposition, intense love of the family circle caused him to display rtticence and back- wardness and our worthy friend is almost on the eve ot the retiring list. Mr. Choquette has enjoyed the confidence of labormen up to date. Elected recently to represent 103 to the Syracuse Convention he will do honor to himself and his craftsmen at this Convention where men of the stamp of Greely are to be encountered. H. D. Ingall. A Socialist pronounced and emphatic, Mr. Ingall is a prominent member of the Ottawa Social Science Club. In each of his smmerous articles to the pressor speeches one can trace a sympathetic allusion to the working unionmen. 5. J. Potvin. Who has had any connection with labor but is acquainted with this familiar figure. Mr. Potvin is an inde- fatigable co-worker in the cause and to his efforts much of the early closing success is due. As a member of the Allied Trades and Labor Association and Commercial Union he has done more than an average man could be expected to do. Duncan Bell. Is the President of Commercial Union. He is a staunch unionman and devoted to his duties and union. J. A. Torney. The President of the Allied Trades and Labour Asso- ciation is a warm friend of the cause. A fair speaker, a sincere and honest toiler. Mr. Torney is a popular oflficer and is doing what he can to promote the success of the 70 Friends of tlie CtmBC—Continned. Ottawa Labor Parliament. 1 mistake mucli if the President of the Allied Trades and Labour Association does not close his career with several new organizadons adding to this already influential list of unions affiliated with that bodv. JameB P. Walsh. This gentleman has been heart and soul in the labor movement for years. He is thoroughly posted, honest and ful' of energy. The unionists of Ottawa owe him a debt of gratitude for his untiring efforts in their behalf. Mr. Walsh is President of the Labor Day Committee, and ,i leading factor in the Allied Trades and Labor Organization. P. M. Draper. This young gentleman has displayed commendable ability and foresight ever since he became attached to the labor cause. P'rankness is a leading characteristic with him. He hits straight from the shoulder and fights man-fiishion when- ever the opportunity calls forth action. He is a member of the Typographical Union Executive, and Secretary of the Allied Trades and Labor Association, and was elected to represent the Allied Trades and Labor Association, at the important Labor Congress to be held at Winnipeg, on September thirteenth. N. Mercler. With a creditable record at his back from Commercial Union, this gentleman has unrelentlessly worked on behalf of union in the Allied Trades and Labor Association, and no more earnest and sincere an advocate can be found in the ranks, than Mr. Mercler. D. J. O'DohoKhue. I have frequently differed with Toronto's Stalwart Unionist but no one can refi'se to acknowled'^e what is so evident to all in the arena of Labour and that is, that O'Donoghue is a valued champion of the cause. Expe- rienced in organizatin" .,ork, well read, and conversant with the minutest details of labour work there is probably no one in Canada, who can rival him in the knowledge of union work and affairs. Mr. O'Donoghue has devoted much time and energy in the furtherance ot the cause and I believe him to be a worthy friend and champion of the" cause. On another page is published an article from Mr. O'Donoghue on topics ot general interest. We regret we were com- pelled to eliminate certain parts of it owing to lack of space but sufficient is published to give a fair resume. R. G. Hay. The ex-president of the .Allied Trades and Labour Council is too well-known to require longtly comments. Mr. Hay has been foremost in the promotion of labor's cauo.e. He is endowed with the necessary equipment and i had he chosen to remain actively in the fray would have con- I ferred great benefit upon his co-workers. He has done I valuable work in the organization line and enjoys the esteem, of all connected with Union work in the City. Several other portraits are published all having, more or less claim upon the gratitude of labour men. Messrs. P. D. Ross, Presland, Jackson, Clendinnen, St. Laurent, James J. Scott, J. E. O. B^dard, all of whom have been untiring and zealous in their particular sphere. C. S. O. BOUDREAULT. &.. m, ■■.• ■:- It.- ■■ ' HUned Tirades aimd LalbdDir HsscDoMndDinic ®- The above is the title of the Labour parlinment of Ottawa. It is the successor to the old Trades and Labour CoLuicil, for various reasons, good reasons too, Messrs Hay, Draper and Walsh felt it was nere«tary if the good name of labour was to be maintained in Ottawa, to inaugurate a radical change. This policy, initiated by experienced and well-meaning men attracted back to the fold many of the unions who had pre- viously severed their connection with the Trades and Labour Council. Now almost every strong union in Ottawa is affiliated and strongly supporting the paternal body, which has already done considerable to advance labor interest in our fair Capital. The old quarrels have disappeared, that element which seemed to delight in fostering animosity, arousing anger and in participating in suspicious schemes ha been wiped out and replaced by a respectable, sincere and honest following. A year's record has already produced ample proof that the irreproachable unionmen who undertook to turn a new leaf in Ottawa's labor work were right in following the course they did. F^very unionman in Ottawa who desires, above all, the prosperity of the Allied Trades and I^abour Association should link hand and heart with the delegates in assuring the welfare of an institution, which if conducted as it has been during the past year, must inevitably confer great benefits upon united labor in Ottawa. The officers are : — President, J. Torney ; Vice-President, N. Mercier ; Cor- Secretary, P. M. Draper; Rec-Secretary, H. Carling; Treas- urer, C. A. E. Clendennen. Municipal Committee, N. Mercier, J. A. M. Macoun, P. M. Draper. Organisers, J. A.M. Macoun, ' C. S. O. Boudreault. Trustees, Duncan, Larocque, A. Bott. Auditors, E. Foster, H. Duggan, A. C. Denehers. Executive Committee, W. J. Stafford, J. M. Macoun. National Brotherhood AND Benefit Association OF BOOKBINDERS. Fraternite Nationale ET Association de Bienfaisence DKS REI/IETJRS. Founded June 3, 1897. OFFICERS FOR 1898-99. President, - - - - F. X. Valiquette, Vice-President, - . - . James Pahrington, Secretary, - - - - J. E. Omer Bedard, Treasurer, ... . . J. Olivier Landrv, Sergeant-at-Arms - - - J- Camille Gaivin. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. James Parkinoton, Joseph Robertson, TANCREDE Bol'THILLIER, PlERRE BuREAU, NORBERT Al'BIN. AUDITORS. J, B. Lafontaine, J. C. Gauvin. PREAMBULE. Les efforts individuels sans union ayant 6t6 prouv^s inefficaces pour maintenir un taux ad^quat h remuneration pour le travail; et rexpiJrience ayant demontreque les efforts associ^s et unis, quand ils titaient fondis sur la justice et guides par la raison, dtaient d'un grand benefice aux ouvriers et ouvriires ; et h I'effet de concentrer nos efforts pour I'obs- tention de nos droits, nous jugeons ndcessaire de former une organisation de notre Art, qui tiendra h dlever notre condi- dition et h placer I'^tat de relieur au premier rang des Arts mecaniques du Canada. L'aoquisition d'un taux uniforme de gages, d'heures de travail, d'apprentissage, de lois pour la gouverne du metier, I'abolition du systime injuste de contrat, inhumain et d^gradant, I'obstention pour les hommes et les femmes de notre metier de la pleine jouissance et com- pensation des richessL . qu'elles cr^ent, le consentement mutuel de soumettre A I'arbitrage toutes disputes entre patrons et employes ; et k I'effet d'litablir des lois tendant A cr^er I'harmonie entre les patrons et les employes et h favo- riser I'avancement de I'art de la relieure, nous jugeons com- patible avec les droits individuels de former une organisation qui sera connue sous le nom de " La Fraternity Nationale des Relieurs." PREAMBLE, The efforts of individuals without union, having proved ineffectual to maintain an adequate rate of compensation for their labor, and experience having shown that associated and united effort, when founded on justice and guided by reason, being of great benefit to workingmen and women, and in order to concentrate our efforts for the attainment of our rights, we deem it necessary that an organization of our craft be formed which will have a tendency to elevate our condition and place the bookbinding trade in the front rank of the mechanical industries of Canada. The attainment of a uniform scale of wages, hours of labor, apprenticeship, laws for the government of the trade, the abolition of the unjust, inhuman and degrading contract system, to secure to the men and women of our craft the full enjoyment and com- pensation of the wealth they create, to agree to arbitrate all differences existing between employer and employee, and in order to promote such laws that will have a tendency to create harmony between employer and employee, and the advancement of the bookbinding industry, we deem it com- patible with individual rights to form an organization to be known as "The National Brotherhood of Bookbinders." 73 >Ip(Dirit§ amd Gamme! No. I.— BASEBALL MATCH for thf Junior Chainpionslilp of Otiaw;i. Prizf, oriL' iloz. hasi-ball bal« by Ottiiwu Novi-lty Mfr. Co. No. J.— C.UIDELKSS WONDER (Josephino) exhibition mile. No. 3.— RUN.NINCi RACE. —Distani-e, mile and one-ei),'hlb, (open to all). Purse, Sii.s ilivitleil ;is follows: ist$c)oi 2nd $25 ; 3rd $10. 15 lbs added. Winners once this year to carry 7 lbs extra, twice or more 10 lbs extra, horses that have started this year and not won first, second or third money allowed 10 lbs. Entrance 5 per cent of purse. No. 4.— TROTTINC; R.\CE. I'lirsefiso. 2.50 class. Distance, one mile. 1st 50 per cent ; jnd 25 per cent; 3rd 15 per cent ; 4th 10 per cent. Entrance 5 per cent and 5 per cent for winners. Open to trotters and pacers. No. 5. — HALE .MILE FOOT R.VCE. Open to amateurs. 1st prize, Gold .Medal valu. — LACROSSE MATCH.— A valuable Silver Cup given by A. McMillan. No. 7. -TROTTINC. RACE, 2nd Heat. No. 8. — HODCARRIERS' RACE. — ist prize, set of Tools by A. Workman iV Co., value $5 ; 2nd Vest by L. Manchester, value $4 ; 3rd a I'ipe by O. Ve/.ina. No. 9. — BOYS RACE, under 14 years of ajfc, 100 yds. i.st prize, pair Boots by R. .Masson ; 2nil $2 bv S. E. De la Ronde ; 3rd one Kelt Hat by R. .M. McMorran. No. 10.— TROTTING RACE. 3rd Heat. No. 11.— GUIDELESS WONDER ajfrtinst Bicycle. No. 12. -RUNNING RACE. Dist.-vnce, otie andj.-i quarter mile. Purse, $125, divided as follows: ist $i)o ;\2nd $25; 3rd .'?io. Same conililion.s as No. i except that the winner of No. 1 shall carry 7 lbs penalty. Entrance 5 per cent of purse. No. 13.— yU.ARTER MILE RACE, open to A«nvork, delay in finishing the same, not finishing the same in a good and workmanlike maimer or according to agreement j or a dispute respecting materials supplied to employees and alleged to be bad, or unfit, or unsuitable ; (3) The price to be paid for miningany mineral or substance mined, or obtained by mining, hewing, quarrying or other process , or the allowances, if any, to be made for bands, refuse, faults, or other causes whereby the mining of the mineral substance is impeded ; (4) The performance or non-performance of anj- stipulation or matter alleged to have been in an agreement, whether in writing or not ; (5) Insufficient or unwholesome food supplied to employees where there is an agreement to victual them, or to supply them with provisions or stores of any kind ; (6) Ill-ventilated or dangerous workings or places in mines, or unwholesome or unsanitary rooms or other places of accommodation in which work is being performed, or want of necessary conveniences in connection with such rooms or pliices ; (7) The dismissal or employment under agreement of any employee or number of iMiiployees j (H) The dismissal of an employee or employees for their connection with any trade or labour organization. (g) No claim or dispute shall be the subject of conciliation or arbitration under this Act in any case in which the employees affected by such claim or dispute shall be fewer in number than ten. 4.— (1) The Lieutenant-Governor is hereby authorized to appoint a suitable person to act as regislr.ir of councils of concilintion anil of arbitration for the settlement of industrial disputes. Such office sh.iU be assigned to some person perforning other duties unless and until the duties are so onerous as to require a separate appointment. (2) It shall be the duty of the registrar to receive and register, and, subject to the provisions of this .Act, to deal with all applications by employers or employees or on their behalf for reference to a council of conciliation or to the council of arbitration, ol any dispute or claim within the meaning of this .\ct ; to convene nucb c-iuncils for the pur- pose of dealing with any dispute or chiim ; to keep .1 register in which shall be entered the particulars of all references and settlements of dis- putes and claims made to and by a council of conciliation, and of all references ;ind awards made to and by the council of arbitration ; .md jfenerally to do all such things and take all such proceedings as may be required in the performance of his duties under this Act or the regula- tions made in pursuance thereof. (3) The Registrar shall be the officer to issue .dl summonses to witnesses to attend to give evidence, with or without the production of papers and documents, and to issue all notices and perform all other acts ill connection with the sittings of each such Council in the pres- cribed manner. PROfKDlRK I-OR CONCILIATION. 6. — (i) A council of conciliation for the purposes of any dispute or claim, shall consist of four conciliators, two to be nominated by each of the parties to the dispute. 76 Conciliation Act -CohUhm^, {2) Tho nomination shall bo by writinfj; lo'iliation arisin); through the death, resi^^nation, or otherwise, of any member thereof shall be tilled in the same way as the appointment was first made, namely on the nomination of the party whose conciliator is deceased or has ceased to be a member of the I'ouncil, 0. A dispute or claim within the meaning' of this Act may be referred for settlement to a council of conciliation in the cases Ibllowin^ ; — (i| The parlies to the dispute or claim may jointly a^ree in the prescribed manner, to refer such dispute or claim for setlleineni to a council of conciliation. (j) Kith^'r party to the dispute or claim, may, in the prescribed manner, lod^e an application with the registrar requestinfr that the dis- pute or claim be referred for settlement to a council of conciliation. 7. The rejfistrar, on receipt of .my such ajfreenient or application for .1 reference to a council of concili.ilion, sh-ill forthwith l;iy the same before the council constituted in the prescribed m, inner ; and, subject to the provisions of this Act luul the re>{ul.'itions, shall carry out all directions of the said council jjiven in the ende.ivour of the council to effect a settlement ol the dispute or claim. 8. Either party to the dispute or cla-m may, for the purposes of this Act, be represented by one or more persons (not exceeding three) authorized by such party as m.ina^er or manaffers in that behalf ; and .such p.irty shall be bound by the acts o( such representative or repre- sentatives. 9. Where the party numbers fewer th.in twenty, the manager or mana>;ers must be authorizeil in writing sigix d by the members of the party to act for and on their behalf. iO. When the party numbers twenty or more, the mana).fer or managers m.iy be appointed or elected in such ntanner as the members of the party think proper. .V copy of the resolution (if any) electing the m.inagers, together with .a declar.'ition b\' the ch.'tirm.in or presitlcnt of the meeting (if any) stating it to have been carried, shall be kept as a record of the election. 11. The parlies to thj dispute shall, if possible, agree to a joint written statement of their case ; but if they do not so agree, a statement in writing from each party shall bo made. The statement or statements shall he lorwarded to the registrar before the meeting of the coinicil. 18« When the parties to a dispute or cl.iim have named their con- ciliators, the registrar shall by notice in writing conve le a meeting of the conciliators at such time and place as therein mentioned, the same being selected with due regaril to the general convenience of the con- ciliators and the parties. 18. (1) The council of conciliation shall transmit to the Kegistrar a report selling forth the result of the reference. (i) In case such report is to the etfect that the Council has failed to bring about any settlement or adjustnu'til ol th, dispute, the registrar on the receipt of the report, shall transmit a copy (eerttlied by him) to each party to the dispute or claim ; whereupon either parly may rei|uiro the registrar to refer the dispute to the council of .irbilration for settle- ment. TliK CoiNcii, ov .Xrhitr.miiin. 14. — (1) There shall be two councils of .'irbitratii>n, a council of arbitration for the settlement by .iward in re>pecl of dispiites and claims other than between railway (including street railway) companies and wage-earners en\ployed in respect of railway construcliiui or Ir.irtic on railways ; and .1 coimcil of .\rbilr;ilion iti respect of the disputes and claims between such railway companies and wage-earners so employed in espect of railway construction or trallic on railways. {2) E;ich council of arbitration shall consist of three nicmiiers, one lO be appointeil by the Lieulenanl-Cioverni'r on the reconunenilalion of the employees, ,and one to bi- ,-ippolnled by him on the recommendation of I he employers. (3) The third member of each council of .irbitnil ion shall be tlu president of the council ;ind shall he appoiineil ni m.iimer following, namely : The two members appoiined may, within twenty-one days after their appointment, submit to the Lieulenaiil-Clovernor the name of some iinp.irlial persun for the position of presideul. (4) In case of the s.aivl twi» members failing so lo ilo, the LiiMilenanl- Governor shall appoint ;is presldtMil, ;in impaiii;il person, mil personally connected wilh or interested in any trade or industry, or in the judg- ment of the Lientenaiit-Oovernor likely by reason of his former occu- pation, business vocation, or other iiitluence, lo be biassed in favor of or against employers or employees. (5) The same person may be president of both councils. (6) .\» soon as practicable after a full council h.is been appointed 77 ^Conciliation Act ~ Cuniiuufil. hy till- l.ifiilciiniil-Ciovfriior, Iht" iiamei of llif iiii'inbi'rs of llu- council nhiill In- iiotifu'il hv llic ii'>{islr;ii-, in tin- On/nrin (nievl/c. I7I Till' l.u'iili'iiaiit'liovcriuir iimv, oil ilit' I't'i'oiniiu'iul.ilion of llu' rocoiniiU'iKliii^ iiiilliorily. iiiiu'ol llii' ;i|i|»iiiiliiu'iil of .my iiu'miIut iip- poiiiti'il on till- rci'oinnu'iulalton of muIi loitlioiily. (H) rill- li'rni of ofViii' of n nii'niln"r of oiuli council shall be I wo yriirVi at llir I'lul of whirli Icini anil ovi-ry "turi'i'ssivi' ti-rm of two yoars, a fri-.li appolninirni of nu'inlierji nhall be made in niunner afoic- Mlltl. (<)) Kvory nu-nihiT of ritlicr coiiiuil, aftrr lilt" oxpiiy or otiior tvrininalion of his irrm of oflicf, shall lu" olijflliK' for riMppoiiUniLMit for a like Umiii. (io| If till' I'residenl ot fiihi-r coiimil shall be declared a bankrupt or iiiHolvfiil, or shall inakf a coniposilion with his crodilorit, or shall iiiakf an assi^fiimi'iil of his proporly or salary for thi- beiii'tit of hw iri'ditors, or if any nirnilu'i of I'illuT t'oiincil shall hi" I'onviiti-d of any iriniiiKil ofl'mii', such prcsidi'ut or iiumiiIht n-spcctivHy, shall bo deemed thereby to have vacated his olVue of nieinber. (11) Any vacancy in cither council, arisiuff from ilealli, resignation or other cause, shall be filled by the I.ieiitenanl-liovernor for the tern' of office, or the residue of s'ich term (as the case may be), In accordance with the respective methods nrescribed by this Act. (12) In case the presiden, of either coimi 11 is unable to act as such, from illness, absence from the Province, or other temporary cause, the l.ieutenant-Ciovernor may appoint a person to be ;ictin^ president of ti.e council of arbilralion. in bis place \ and such acting president shall have all the powers and perform all the duties conferred by this Act upon the president. (1,',) If any member of either council, other than the president shall, lri>ni illness ov friim .'iny otiu'r tlis;ibilit\' howsoi'\'er ;irisin^, be unable to perform the duties of his oHice in respect to any dispute or cl;iiiii then pending;, the parties thereto may consent, in writiiijf under their re- spective hands, to the appointnieni, by the Lieiilen.'inl-Ciovernor, of a member iianied in such writing, to act for and in the place of the rtieniber, during such disability ; and if either of the parties refuse such consent, then the judjfe of the county in which the matter is situate, with respect to which the dispute has arisen, may, on notice to the parties of application to him, make the nomination ; and the I.ieiiteiianV Governor miy appoint the person so noniinaled, who shall thereupon be deemed a member of such council for all purposes relatiu); to such dis- pute or claim, and to the hearing and determination thereof. (14) Wlu'ie a dispute has been referred to either council of ar- bitration, the members of the council of conciliation may, with the convent in writinxof both parties to the ilisputeor claim, sit as asNessors upon the reference to the council of arbitration. I'rovliled always that no such assessor Nhall lake any part in the reference except ;is an assi'ssor silling to inform the council of arbitra- tion when called upon to do so. (iSl The members of each council of arbitration shall be reniune- raled lor tlieir services in such manner and according to such rate of nayment as the l.ieulenant-dovernor in Council shall appoint, but sub- ject to U'Kislative provision l)eiii)( made therefor. 16. The followiiiff may be the method of ascertainiiiK tbe recom- mendation of employers and I'mployees as to the pi-rsons to be appointed on their recomniendation respectively as members of the councils of arbitratimi respectively : ( 1 1 For the person to be recommended by the employers, every em- ployer in the Province, bavinf.^ at least ten perstins in his employnu'nt, shall be entitled to one vote ; every orjfanization in the I'rovince, whether incorporated or unincorporated, representing the interests of employers, each member of which lias at least ten persons in his em- ployment, sh.dl be entitled to one vote. (2) Kvery board of tr.-ide in tbe Province, Icfrnlly conxtituted, shall be entitled to one vote for a representative of the employers in e.ich council. (3) For the person to be recommemled by employees as a member of the council of arbitration in matters not beloiiKinj; to railways, every trade and labor council, every district assembly of the Knijrhls of Labor, every federali'd council of building trades, every lawfully in- corporated trade union, every organization of waKC-carni-rs of ;in industrial calling, primarily constituted for, and actually and honii fide operated for the regulation of the wajfes and hours of l.ibor as between employers and employed, shall be entitled to one vote; but this shall not be deemed to include co-operative associations or societies formed under the statute in that behalf. (4) For choosing; the person to be recommended by employees of railw.'iy companies, as a nieniber of the council of arbitr.'ttion in matters belongiii); to railwiiys, every organization in the Province, whether in- corporated or unincorponited, exclusively represent iiiH: the interest of wa({e-earners employed in respect of railway construction, or Iraftic on railways shall be untitled to one vote ; but this shall not be deemed to include co-operative associations or Hocieties. ^ . ■^8,.. ConcillRtion Act -ConiinuHi. (5) Till' ii'nislr.ir shall >{ivr imlii'i' In llu- (hifnrio (,'iif^f/i; culling on all iirKi>iii/.iitli>n« aiul pcrwini i-niltlfil to vole lor n iiii'nilier 10 he m-oiinniMuli'il 10 fitlu'i loniuil, or ilalniliiK to l>i- so cntlili'il, to I'om- iiuiiiiralc willi )iini on or IH-Iori' Ihf lirsl ol .\tif(iiH(, iH<)4, anil i-very Hfi'onil yoar thorralli-r. Siuh tioliii- is lo hi- iiisi-rlril tor at li-ast four Wireks la-lort- I hi" saiil iln\ in isuli ol tin- said yrars. ((>) rill- riX'Hlrar shall f'oilhwith, alter ilii- lirst ol' AiiKust alorcs.iiil, prcpari' ji list ol ilu' pi-rsoiis anil ornani/ations appcirin); ti> lir iMilillinl lo vol« lor a person to lie rivoiniiuMuli'tl lor appointment to oarh of iho Niiiil coinii'ils rcspi'i'llvoly, aiul may refer any ilonlitful claim to tlio Mini^lur of A^^rienltnn* for his ailvii'e i>r •lirt'etiiin. (7) Kaeh list so to he pri'pareil shiill >five the Inst known |>o»l otflee aililress of every person anil orKani/alion entitleil to voto as einployi^rN anil employees lespeelively for the said eoinuils respeilively, and shall be piihlished in the Dniiitio (insetlitf and shall ho open to inspeition at an^' time hy any person without fe«, in the ofticu of the ro)fiiitrar during oltice hinirH. (H) Hetuecii the lirst and thirtieth days of September next, and bolweeii the same iliiys of every second year thereafter, the re^'istrar Khali transmit by post to the address of each person and oixioii^alinn entitleil to voli a volin« paper; and such volinK paper may be in the followin^f form - V'otifi^' paper of ^//ii////«(» t/w pt'ruon or on^ttnisittiitn, ) is hereby reconnnendeil to hi* ap|HMiileil a mi'niher of the council of arbitration for disputes between railway companies ami their employees (»rin matters not rel,'itln>; to railw,iy disputes) under the said Ontorin Traties Di.^piitt's Cniicilintifin nnii Arhi/rti/iint Act, iSi)^ on behalf of the employers (»/• employei-s, i/s //;<• citse iiinv Ac. ) (Signed) (9) The votiii); paper of any person entitled to vote under this Act as ;in employer shall be sijjned by himself or some person duly autho- ri/eil in writinjf in that behalf; aiul the voting paper of ;iny orjjaiiiza- tion entitled to voto Khali be signed by the president or vice-president of thi* or^;uiizntion, or, in tin? jibsence ^i such presulent or vice-pri*siileiit, by any ofVice be;irer of the organization other than the secret;iry there- of, and shall be countersiffneil by the secretary or aclin>; secrel;iry ; or, in the absence of such secretary or actinx secretary, but any two members not beiii^f olHce bearers. The votiiiff papers of a board iil traile shall be iiniler tlu' corporate seal of the boaril. (10) The votinj,; paper sliidi be forwarded in ;i stamped envelope, aililressetl to the Ke^jistrar of Councils oi Ci^nciliatioii ;uiil Arbitr;ilion, Toronto, and endorsed, " \'otiiig paper under '/'he Ontario Tradf Dis- plttlt i'oufiliulion onil .\rhilnitiiiii Ail, ifi/^," (II) Kvury votintj-papcr shall be Ibrwardod by mail or olhenvlse lo the rojfidlrar so as lo be recei\ed by 'lini on or before the liflei'iith day oflVlober in the ye ir iH<>4, and overy subtiii>f-pa|M'rs by the last preceilin< lejfulnlion shall linvi no elfeit or validity. (I.}) The re){istr.ir shall forthwith .ifler the istli l>ciol)er, count the recoinmend.itlons as well by or on behalf of employees, as by or on be- hnlf of employers for each council, and shall lorw.ird the same lo the Minister of .Agriculture, tojfether with thi' re^isinir'n ri'port thereon; and the Minister of A^rricultiire, upon heiii^ salislied of the accuracy of sui'li report, slwtll piililislt in iIu- Ontttrio l.ii'ute- nanl-ttovernor on tlu* foi>tiiix of sui'li ri'i'ommendations tii be membi'rs of the councils of arhitr.ition ; anil also the naines of, and number of votes to the live persons who have received the k, eater number of volps for each ciiuiieil on behalf of I'lnployi'rs ;uiil I'lnployi'es respivtivoly. (14) In case I'ithcr I'liiployi'rs or empli>yees or both fait I o recom- mend any person to represent thein on either or both the t'oiincils as provided for In this Hection, the Lieuleiiant-fiovernor-in-Coiincil may appoint n person or persons lo fill the v.icancy or vacancies. I'KOlKDt'RK lOK .\|<11I IRA TtD.N. 10> .^ny dispute or cl.'iim within the nieaiiiiiK^ of this .Act mav be referred to the appropriate council of iirbitr.ition for its hearing ;ind (letoriniiiiition in any of the followin^f cases : -• ( 1 ) Oil application to the iej{islrar by eitler party to ii dispute or claim which, havinjf been referred 10 ;i council of coiicillallon, lias not been settled or adjusted by such council. (j) On .application to the registrar b\ both parties lo the dispute or claim within the nuMiiinff of ibis .Act, which has not been so referred lo a council of conciliation. Provided that if in either c;ise the awiird of the council ot .irjiitration is not complied with or carrieil out hy the parties, or lor any reason proves abortive, the parlies lo the reference, or either of llieni shall not thereby be precluileil from referring the dispute tt> a ciniiu'il of coii- cilit'ition, or from making ;i secoiul reference lo tlu* council iif conciliation where a former reference had .ilrcidy been made to it. (,^( If in c;ise of ;i claim or dispute within the meaniii).; of this .Act, one p.irty has lod>;ed an application with the legislnir iei|iiestin^ that the ilispule or claim be referred to a council of conciliation, ami ap- 79 Conciliation Act— Con/ in ueil po!ntinj< two conciliators for tlie purpose, and nc ico of the application and of the appointment of conciliators lian been d ily ff'V" •" t^"' other party, and such other party has not within a reasonable peiiod appoint- ed conciliators, and the party lodjfinjf the application has not proceeded to .1 strike or lock-out, as the case may be, the council of Arbitration, if it think tit, may proceed an in case of an abortive reference to a council of conciliation, and such council may report their decision ;is to the proper settlement of the dispute in question, and also in case ihe council so think proper, a concise statement as to the origin of the dis- pute, and the causes inducing the same, and what parties, if any, are in the opinion of the council mainly responsible for the same. 4. The Mayor of any city or town upon being notified that a strike or lockout is threatened or has actually occurred within the munici- pality, shall at once notify the registrar thereof by writing, stating Ihe namd of the employer, the nature of the dispute, and the number of employees involved, as far as his information will enable him so to do. (5.) It shall be the duty of each of the Councils of Arbitration ap- pointed under the sai.l Act upon being notilied or on being otherwise made aware that a strike or lockout has occurred or is threatened, to place it.self, as soon as iracticable in communication with the parties concerned and to endeavor by mediation to effect an amicable settle- ment, iind if in the judgment of the ccncil it i-s deemed best to enquire into the cause or causes of the controver.sy it shall proceed as provided iii this Act in the case of a reference. 17. In every case referred to a council of arbitration the council shall have power to require, either or eficli party to the claim or dispute to name not more tlian three persons, who, upon their consent in writing, shall for all purposes of the reference be taken to represent such party. 18. — (i)The councilor arbitration shall sit and conduct its pro- ceedings as in open court, and in making its decisions shall be gov- erned ■ > principles of equity and good conscience. The president shall pvirpose of preserving order during any sitting of the council i... all the powers of a judge of the High Court of Ju.stice, save that he shall not have the power of committing for contempt. (2) Any two of t!ie Council of Arbitration shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and may hold meetings at any time and at any place within the Province of Ontario. (3) The Council of .Arbit-ation may order that an examination or investigation shall be held before any one meniber of the council, but such member shall report upon such examination or investigation to the council, and the decision of such member shall not be considered binding untii approved of by the Cornell or a majority thereof. 19.— (i) The report or award of the council of arbitration shall be made within one month after the council has completed its sittings for the hearing of the reference, and shall be by, and under the hand.s of, a majority of the members of the council. (2) At the request of either party and if the council of arbitration approve, a copy of the report or award shall be published by the registrar in the Onliirio Gazette. (3) The report or award, or a copy certified under Ihe hand of the president of the .said council, shall be deposited in Ihe office of the registrar, and shall be open to inspection without charge during office hours. 20. Either party to a reference to either council of arbitration at any time before award made, may by writing under the hands of such party, agree to be bound by the award of the council upon the refer- ence, in the same manner as parties are bound upon an award made pursuant to a reference to arbitration on the order of the High Court of Justice. Every agreement so to be bound made by one party shall be communicated to the other party by the registrar, and, if such other party al.so agree in like manner to be bound by the award, then the award may be made a rule of the High Court of Justice on the applica- tion of either party. MiSCELLANEOl'S PROVISIONS. 21. For the purposes of this Act, the counc' s of conciliation and arbitration shall have power — (n) To visit the locality where the trade dispute has arisen, ,and to hear all persons interested who may come before them. (6) To summon any person to .'ir.ei.d as a witness before the council, and in Ihe case of any person sunmioned refusing to attend, application nuiy be made in a summary way to a justice of the peace having jurisdiction in the city, town or county wherein the council may be sitting for an order compelling such attendance ; and such justice of the peace is hereby empowered to make such order as might be made in any case wherein such justice has power to com- pel appearance before him in pursuance of the Revised Statute of Ontario Respecting Summary Convictions before Just'.ces of the Peace and Appeals to General Sessions. (c) To administer an oath or to take the affirmation of any person attending as .1 witness before the council, and to examine any such person on oath or affirmation. 22. No party to any proceeding either before a council of concia- lition or a council of arbitration shall be represented by counsel or attorney or by any paid agent other than one or more of the persons between whom the dispute or claim has arisen. 23. No fees shall be paid to the registrar by any party in respect of any proceeding under this Ac .