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16^3 East Main StrMt
Ro*h«il«r. New YorK U609 US
(7|8) 462 - 0300 - Phona
(716) 286 - S969 - Fax
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HON. MR. MILLS' SPEECH
OH
THE BUDGET
.HOUSE OF- COMMONS, ' '
eicoMivo polit«ne«« with »h ^ki. u "'° "^"""'l for the
wUboat hope, ana th.t thc?r i-2,„ur,2S *;£°™/«''y «»
. those hon. gentlemen th/nt Ik *"®™ >mbooiIo«. If
tJJH House afdeiengJhtoTheir^^^^^ '^'>"'^3^ ^o
the place of argiment wron^J; "?r® J'*"P«^"l'»« serve
of complaint Onr^mZ^B^L^Ti^' ^^^^^ "'^ ff''««t c&ase
from those of ihea^Sor^.^J^ C^^'° ^'^"t^ diffw
, •?»« interest in the standinf of Zir ^^^ V^^^o Mke <
18781; and the lilrst MiniHt«». Jn^tT ^ ,F®*^ <*' the success of
vidence was on SrS '^The^^^^^^^^ T'^''^ '^""^ ^'^
success to misfortune, over which we iS"*^""'° °^* ^^'^i'
which they had no control • Kn* *i!^ ^*^ "® control— over
^ the counti^was theS^'of thl r^f'*^^* ™'«f«''t««eW
Period W one of. daS™ nof 1„^"'*T**'^« P'^'-ty- The
all Christendom. and'^e^So^^^^Vth^^^
was due to theoalamltir^ ft« ♦?^°"^®Jn''**^''®l«^^^
S^ntiythatitwanKi^fS^rn ^'T^' ^^^y toW the
we hadf inflicted. to?Xh* ^™ r""''!^ *a°^ ^'^^^^^
'^adj to heal. Timo a^d the&Jfr"^ Samaiitans, were
curing the disease, but the cou^t^ nlwT"**''^ abroad, i«
t. danger 6f dyi^ ^00/^^ SS ^T ^J^lil"
' -1 "I
( {
(-.. -
-^
m <
I" ]
['.'IS ;
It hft« r<i*'ontIv boon woll Haid ly Mr. (iladBtone.thot -during
the poii<>dH of corpraoroial UoproBtiiou the owIh and tbo bat«
alwayo ^o abroad. i
Sir JOUN A. MACDONALD. VHoro they ore at home
you Bee. 1 \
Mr. WtLLS. ^Now that tjbe comrtnercial condition of the
country bus improved, I t^^JtHc that Iho gigantic proportions
which thJttowls nnd the bats aHsiimod in thp public minda,
can bo iikoro cloai ly oBtimatod. There i««, Sir> a fltnoHS of
tbinga inltho biucosh of thoHO genilftnon during a period of
darlineBB. It is in the night thiat the owls and bats come
forth to peek thoir proy— the light \4 unsujted to them,
Tlie seemingly gigantic proportions which darknoHH gives
them disappears with the light; and a« they become incap-
able of Bcoing, they arc themselves seen with %llt*i« more
di«tinotnoHS, The hon. geJitieman boasts of OTfr^sstatea-
Tnanshipof the Tory leaders, ^yhat important raoaBuro
has, si 000 Confederation, forced itself upon the attention of
Parliament which these hon. gentleman have Huccessfully
grappled with ? Was it the Washington Treaty in which
freat interopts were sacrificed, and important trusts
etraycd ? Wa<i H the skill shown in putting thq Fenian
1 raids, and the raids of the Alabama upon the same footing 7 1
IWaa it in the temporary arrangement in relation to tne
fisheries which left the headland qnestion untouched?
Tas it in the skill with which the Minister of Hallways
lucceeded in arraying the public opinion of Nov«k Scotia
Against Union ? Was it the insurrection provoked in the
iforth West ? Was it in the position taken by the Minister
<>f Public Works and his friends that the measure
Of the Government o^ which he, was a member, was of bo
Odious character, that it justified a rebellion ?
l?hat hon. gentleman spoke of that measure, as one of such
<ityranny that the people in the North-West Territory Were
i^tified in their course, or at all eventa their offence was to
00 extenuated in conseq uence of the inconsiderate and arbi-
trary manner in which the Government had dealt with
them in seeking to bring them into the .Union.
Qir HECTOR LANGEVIN. Never.
Mr. MILLS. :The hon. gentlemen is wrong; else on
what ground did he undertake to extenuate the tedort to
arms against this country ? On what ground did his recent
ooileague the member for Terrebonne (Mr. Masson), speak
of Ri^ being entitled to the rights of a leader of a revo-
lution, and appeal to the principles of International law
in order to justify or extenuate the coin*8aJmJ|uid adopted?
Was it in the terms upon which British Cokimbia was
^admitted into the Union ? Was it in the terms dpon which
\-
^1*1.""^** ^"'^" obtained tho Chartar for tho conutriifitlnn
of tho Pacific Railway ? Is it in tho bargain with Z nro«" nt
5vnd,catj ? The President of the Council haniXw to tho
' f^«hory Awan and claimH that tho credit of that Award £)
longs to tho First Minister. To tho First MI nlBhu-Tnil
thocroditofignoring thohoadlahdqU oL,Tn7o?n^^^^^^^^^^
:::^:na''iLmor'' «f]ho success of ks
rit/artirroZi;."''^'- '''^ *'-• '"« ^^-^ ^^"^^-
, SirJOUNA. MACDOXALD. Hear, hoar.
h»?K^^P^^- ,)^hat would have been his position if ho
had boon boforo that arbitration? Tho Amo icanl oilred
to admit coal, lumber, and fish, froo froT dZ for C
priv legos of fishing in Cunadfn.'v wato s t1 o ^ho'n ho
frUJ^i^Tf*'' i;**^"'!^ *^'« proposition. Ilo'and his fX. ds
SbtLi^to^r^r'p*^^ "pon the ooii ";s
iump0r,«ont to tho American market. If wo look into the
question wo shall find that for tho period for wh oh this
ilTS^OoSoanon'Th' '"^^^r" ^^i have cd lee od
«1I6.000,000 upon thosb article.,. Who pays this ^ urn? Wd
Hay the Amoncan consumers; but tho mon nf
capacious minds on the other 8ide,'liko tho hon. member
ftjom Annapolis, the hon. member forCardwofLand tTiHon
Ministers, say ,t,s paid by tho Canadiat^If thoy are
. nght, the Fri-st Minister has thrown awaS^.OOO 000 [n
l^^'^fj^^^'^^^^^ 9^,000,000. But that ^Kali The
horK geBtlemon cannot take credit for tiie «5,000.000 whicn
were received. The tredit of that is duo to the ski iT and
ability with which the hon. member L-Westmomkni
Haperintended the caso on behalf of this country The
Snemted brth^*?''^ "^T'^ '^'^ ^^"'^^'^ waflarge^
Denetitted by the free market with tho United States for
their fish, they had remitted 92; I thinra barrel unon
o^t^x^palf bv'^c:?/;^*^'"^ this i.emis^;rrasa7oliS
oi tax paw by Catiadians, and they insisted that f h!«
hoTZft""^^ go in redaction of c^ompensation^i^
^ un^a1?ab e Su??K" "'' T^^^thoi? contention wa
unassailable. But the hon. member for Westmoreland took
weifS bTL A^"^ " '''' '''^''^ ^' «*'d thorduS^s
WMan^v^t^cfnir;!;'^" consumer; that their abolition
Tnd^ thnfflt^^^ uJ"'^^ f T"-^ ^ *^° American consumer,
and that they ought not to be regarded as a comDonsation
tion'^r tC^r •' ^^'* Westmoref nd proved t^ZsaUsfec:
tion of the Commissioners that he was rJirht nnH kI-
ftPrr,"*" 7^5 ^?"«J '^"^' 'f « W^O w^eJe' obt^inSi*
^ It wa^largely due to this fact. Wl^at ^ould have ^ thi
\
\.
tl
IN '■
II
I
I
I
position of tbo First MiniHter orhiti friends upon this qaos-
iion ? They Moald have said to the American OoanHol, we
concur in jour view; you are undoubtedly right. The
Canadians paid thin duty, and this io now a itimple question
of aocoont. All we have to da Is to ascertain the amount
of duty which you would havo collected under your Tariff
on Canadian ilnh. and credit yon with thin sum aM payment
> of the Award. This question moitt soon come up again,
and every One knows that the opinions hold by gentlemen
oppoHito will put thorn out of Court. They cannot obtain a
fhrlhing without abandoning their views upon Protection.
Thoy could not have obtained an Award of a dollar had they
controlled the afTairti of this country when the llulifax Com-
mlHsion sat. Tbo hon. Preaidont of the Council has referred
to the railway expenditure, and the railway construction
of this Government and the late Administration, and his
statement is on diningenuout) as such a statement could well
be. . Ho saj's, that when the late Government retired from
office, that there was not a mi|eof the Poolflc Railway open
for traffic. That from Lake Superior to English River,
ninoty-seven milos wore built. That now there are from
Lake Superior westward, 242 miles. That from
Selkirk eastward there were seventy miles constructed
there ; that thorc are now 130 miles; that between Emerson
and Selkirk, there were then twenty-two miles ; that there
are now eighty miles; that from Winnipeg westward before
the advent of the present AdminiHtration, there was no
road ; that now 13^ miles ar^ in operation. And the hon.
gontloman has rofdrrod to their pajtriotic endeavors to
sqpply the missing link. If tl^ hon. gentleman had
striven to muko a statement calculated to mislead, cal-
culated to make impressions wholly at variance with the
facts, he could not have mad^ one which would have better
served his purpose than the one ho made to this House.
Why, of this 131 miles, west from Winnipeg does the hon.
Sentleman pretend to say that any portion of it is completed.
>oes he not know that the ties are laid down without any
portion of the road being graded ; that, in many cases, they
are laid upon the ice, and that when spring opens, when the
frost disappears, the road will bo impassable?
Mr. BANNERMAN. Not for 120 miles, it is all graded.
Mr. MILLS. The hon. gentleman says it is all graded ;
he will have an opportunity of considering that at another
period.
Mr. MACKENZIE. The hon. gentleman knows that
west of y^innipog the road has been moved several miles to
the soutlf to another track. There is not. a mile in use of
■what thoy pretended to have built.
fi
"•^SKPSaKTS, "J?-
>-_::>
Th?J?t"ftht .^.f i?^^^''^; '^•' '• ^^' ^^ point.
menffi tii i«/^"n""- «•"»'«">«" i« making h Sat»^
?ent rnmnTH th J K '"'" Admir,iHtrotion ? Tho hon
for flSo KJ^! ^T "^r "*^* "'•'^ °^ <»'i« 'O'^J open
untr*h«* .^''^^^'■rta'nilonow. It cannot bo oponod
S Tho hon lZ':r ""'"'^ ""'^ •* continuouH ZX
S^?; flvf -r* ^t^^'c^on «ny. that but twonty.two of the
were runn.nK upon it a few weeks after Zde/oa toft he
Bubject L l^te"/"' ^^ ^ iBwinformed upon thi.
that a coniralSf M^' '' T*' '^^'^ *<» the public ^Vantage
should JSJ^t;rJf?l°?J'^'"°"*'" ofthe central portion
conetrucUof of «^/ '^'i^^ ^°"^*'''?^'' "^'^^^V •«' for tho
country wn« inL, •u"'^' app«^nched completion. The
. mTt"e7aXot? ?r*''' «^^«P*> ^^^^^ of the two extr^
SiddX^eclion If .n !^^^^ for the construction of thU
tho contr^ nHp« f^'^ ^*^' ''^ o^^i^alent to increasing
wh.twou.drvX°tdiS^iorra''',tm'''S°d?.''
J^„(r.„S u """ '*<'" nocossarily conaned to those
rt Ji^rv ?^\r '""«'•."" """"/moan, of ingro*^
'- , . *■" t'enw ^a lb. on every ci'ow-bar,
4
ill
*
■hovel, Rpade, pick and b«rrow, takon at tho n««reitt point
of oiMrutloti, and yot tho hon. |{ontl«m»n «ip«otii thecoanlry
will ngroo with him in hU wild ftnimndvomionN ii|>on the ,
Uto AdminJHtration ibr not beginning railway conMtruotion
ftt pr>inttt-whieh wero for the time being inaccetwible. The
hon. gentleman haa referred to tho 13» miles of road bnilt
from Winnipeg woBtwurd. This in a very tender
topio ; ono which I wbh NurpriHo<l to hoar the
hon. gentleman mention. I would hnve aupfH)He<i that he
woald have proferrod the dincuMlon of almoHt any other
Rubjoct than thia ono. Ho knowa that hia colleague had
■ located 200 miloa of tho row!. Tho Syndicate have refuaed
to accept (he location. Thoy aaid thut it waa ba<l. They
aet it aHldo, and chone a lino for thoniHolvoH. The eighty odd
miicaof road which he had built, they have abandoned. Tho
Minlater of Uaitwaya let a contract which paid ao maoh
more handHomely for balloHting thiin for grading, that I
undorntand tho contrtlctor undoi-tuok to mako tho road bed
with bailoat. It waa ao well made thut when the rains of
autumn came, a conHiderut)lo portion of it woa under water,
it can no longer bo uccd ; and there ia now, a few milea
iVom Winnipeg, a train fi-ozetji in the ice, and which has
been frozen there since tho early winter. There are aomo
facta connected with thiH road which the 1I2?ho ought to
know. We have a right to know whether Ctw contraotom
wore paid in full for u road built in thia wfl}'. We have a
righttoknow whether the Miniator of fiailwayaletacontraot
for the conatruotioAof a portion of tho Pacitio Bail way upon
plana and profilob ho degraded that the road could only bo
used in tho dry aoaHon. of summer. I believe thia atatfCi^ent
iatrue., Tho Syndicate have found it to thoir interest ta
conatruct another line to Portage la Prairie and to abandon
tho lino built by tho hon. Minister of lluilways. Who paid for
tho construction of thia abandoned r6ad — was it tho Syndic
catoorwaa it the hon. MiniHtor of Railways? Whataettloment
has been made with the contructora of the second 100
miloa who have not been permuted to go forward with their,
work ? How waa it the hon. Miniator made such a mistake
in the location of the road that tho Syndicate found it
necessary to abandon bis line and to abandon all that haa
been done upon it ? Tho hon. gentleman says that tho
Syndicate h^ve now 134 milea built west of Winnipeg.
1 have good .reaaon to boleive that, there is not ono
milo finished in snob a way as to entitle the Syndicate
to receive money or lands upon their contract, if
f.hat contract is strictly adhered to. Is it not a flMt
that a large portion of these 134 miles has been mad»
by simply laying the ties upon frozen ground or on the ioo?"
Is it not a fact that the road is neither graded nor ballasted
A
i
.':r
*#'
hon. g«„tlom«,.'« HU.t«m«nt, from bftgloi.lng to end o«n
gono f„to t ,h railway an a commoFclal ootorufuf who iI2
Government hav« not boon equally mln.lft,! of tl.o t,»bllo
hi X'nHl* '.'*' ""•^^*'* -tniemoi^ta that tho Pro-idUl "?
the Cwincil haH made, in roforonce lo tho Pmitii
RHilway. ,H tnvoMigKted, tho more U will |,o fnW
to bo no ground for Holf-inudatlon. Tho ProSni
of- the Council navH that iho pr«Hent Adminiutra!
tlon have added lloo.OOO.OOO to t»;* l^cdU, of tht
country, by kceoing lOd.OOO Canaillana at hVme Ho In!
SdT?;?/^^*'^^^"^''*'*^^'"ManlU.b«laH?y^^^ f„d hi
JddH that tho (.ovoinn.«nt have added $28,000,000 thorob J
«nli "^tk'^" of Cana<^. Tl.e.o are corta.nly novel lu. ffi
1 ? .V ^^ZlTr "'»^"'^""<«'«<J IhouKand pom,lo irHia it^U
111^" ^^u^"'''. .'^''? «'>v«rnmont hAve kept no£,^y at
th« n T'lf^«^»^«^'y«rithou8and«abi-...d. AccorSIa
l^thi^"'!"'* 9«ftteH lm.ni^ra,i.,n returr.* our omiK'.ntlon
thither was, in 1878^ 21-174- in 18*70 qi mn. • i^oiT
99;000 and. in 1881. iKoj'o' Tho yeir' lHvl'''^J'l '^
in which tho Tariff wa; in oVnt^m foT a ' iltX
Canada incroaHod ..pwai-da of 10,000. *^Tho noS
ywr it was more .than four time. ' as groat as It
wa^.nthe yoari878, and during Iu8t year* t wa« baual
to tho emi,,ration for tho flro fearB for wh oh the late
mZ^'Zm thi'n '"'"•. '^'^ 'r- *f-"oman'^art
SrrinrWe tari^-.8fo 'iF ? «8*i?"' •!;?«'»
Uvowo gained in population by tho offorts ^t" ^ho hon
fwr""\^' is jho^ height o^f abHurdX to count the
Canadians who go from Ontario to tho N^rth-Wost aa a
ff ixcen^tt n""-- I '^'^^^ "«^-^- ^«^*^ ^' Buch a calculi^
Mm n ^*" *'*''® whatever advantage it may afford
Jn"V.^" "^-^ *^'^*''°" * ««''«'• teacher gave a class ofTva
Ibout nl'^ >V"^7P^'tion. One of them wrote an e3
««S?.l /L- ?° "i^"". '^iJ' ^^^'ing that pins were^^y
?;?« iJ^lT^'' ^^r *^^^ ^'^ *^° ^h« n»«an« of saving ?he
InThe .Lic^'k^ *«««»'«'• '^^^ astc^n^shS,
and he asked his pup.l how thousands had their lives sav^
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by pins. " By not swallowing them," replied the boy. The
Minister ftays the Gov^nment have added 1100,000,000
to thd > wealth of the country, and when we ask Id
'.what way ho says, by keeping 100,000 Canadians at
homo, who are cheap at $1,000 a j>iece. Why did the
. hon. Minister stop at $100,000,000 ? Why did he not
not coutit the whole population, and lie might have made
the Hcr'vice of the Government to appear much more valuable.
Although living may be dear at the present time, human
/ flesh and blood is cheap at $1,000 a head. A good steer is
cheap at $50, and anordiuary horse is worth $100, and why
should not an intelligent, industrious, aobor young man, be
valued at $i,000 andplaced to the credit side of the minis-
terial account ? 1 tiK inclined to think that most young
men will resent the ministerial calculation. I am inclined
to think tlioy will r< fUse to be put in the ministerial balance
when the political day of judgment comes, and be weighed
andpoldfor the advantage of thj Govoi-nment. The hon.
gentleman mny take whatever consolation he can get from
the Trade and Navigation Keturns. He may appeal to any
monopoly that owes him gratitude ; but he can hardly
venture yet, to look upon thid country as a political slave
market in which every man who ventures to go from one
part oft he Dominion to another part, is to have a value
of $1,000 ])ut upon him, and then have this sum
creditoil 1o the wealth-producing power of the
Government and the National Policy. I am not sorry,
however, that such a line is taken, and the result
, will be as woll unclerstood as the argument. The hon.
President of iho Council says that upwards of 21,000
ajditional hands have been engaged in manuJacturing estab-
lishments since the introdution of the^present Tariff. He
says that these represent from 80,000 to 100,000 of an addi-
tional population. He ought to know that this is not the
case. A verj' large number of these 21,000 are children.
In many of thecotton factories, all the children of a family
are engaged, and the number of the population repreeented
by the!?o 21,000 would be less than 50,000 in all. The
"annual increasie in the number of those engaged in skilled
pursuits before the introduction of the National Policy was
•more than double the number who had been added since.
We ought to have had an addition of 44,000 instead of
21,000. It is not true, then, that the National Policy has
helped us in this particular. Many mochanioal pursuits have
been seriously injured by the poliry of hon. gentlemen
on the Treasury benches. I have seen it stated that
upwards of 90 per cent, of the stone-cutters have been
driven frorp Ontario by the exclusion of Ohio freestone from
the Canadian market. We do know that there has been
Ni-
•f'.f
■'.4*-'
.■i«'
{\
X Minister of Finance. Thev are unvfMn^ X / hon. tho
of 113 per cent 7 tW 1 ^°^^» •1.174,750, an increase
was. f^K,0«(?%dTl8tf.T4l8?o7'""'S« S," '?^« ■
»ttf 18 "per- ce.;t '^( S^<os JiSLLh. w.g„. amoTt to ---
«19,906 U)0 Rnf TkI r ^'® J'on gentleman, would be
I20 nnnnnn ■'^"\tbe Census of 1H71 would I'ive mi
Sta/l P ' ^^ "«"''y «0 per cent, more than the UaitS
Stales Gen.us returns would place upon the articles u^ '
the provon t TaS ; u ® 5^"' g«°"«^nan is right, under
about 8l,v00,cr^^^^^ in k^\'r"?.T^S^'"^'^'' Wodni^^ • ■
i
-w»^ yliL. a-j-'a .hu^^sa& L t
m^f:
10
m
111
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States can produce $2,100 worth of goods with the same
amoant of labor that produces t824 worth of goods here—
if $43 out of every $100 is required to pay wages hoi-e, and
but $18 out of every $100 is required to pay wages there, it
is as plain as noon-day that 100 per cent, protection (would .
be Wholly inadequate to exclude American goods.
I do not believe that our industrial establishments
are. so disgracefully inefficient as the hon. gentleman
has. represented them to bo. I believe ttie deductions which
are suggested by his statistics, show that they are utterly
worthless. In 1870, the value of the raw material used in
manufactures in the United States was $2,488,427,242.
The wages of the laborers, $776,584,343. The value of the
manufactured products was $4,232,325,442. We see that the
value of the material is 59 per cent ;. the value of the wages
18 per cent. ; and the earnings of the capital 23 per cent.
It would have been interesting had the hon. the
Minister of Finance given us the value of the raw material
used in the city of Hamilton. We have for wages, in
Hamilton, 43 per cent., and if we wore to put the v^lue of
the raw material at the same sum, we would have but
16 per cent, loft to cover tlio dotenoration of plant, the
cost of fuel and the earning of capital. The total amount
of the capital in baildings and plant, according to the hon.
the Ministiir of Finance, is but $248 pdr hand, which
would repifesent an addition to manufacturing capital
—of the l|)ominion, during the past four years, of but
$4,664,061-t-a much less sum than the estimated surplus
of the hon. Minister for a single year. If the hpn.
Minister H right in the data which he has given us, the
amount of capital invested in manufacturing pursuits ia^
less than $1,200,000 a year, being not much more than
one third of the sum similarly invested ten years earlier.
I would like to know whether the hon. Minister of Finance
thinks the House ought to accept the statistical information
which Ite has given us? I would like to know whether he is
of opinion that the manufacturine: establishments of Canada
are producing goods to the value of but $824 annually?
Whether he thmks when he is shown that it takes nearly
ihree men in Hamilton to produce as much as one man in
JBnifalo, he has proved the success of this policy ? Whether
he thinks that industry has been diverted into those chan-
nels where the largest measure of value is obtained by the
smallest expenditure of capital and labor ? I would like to
know whether he does not think the information which he
has undertaken to convey to the House is not wholly nn-
tmstworthy? It has been ~conelusively shown here that
the attempt to give the manufacturers strength and
vigor by a system of protection has wholly failed.
.'W:3d
■ -.11 V ',■■'■'.■
twes are esfabHahl? tlwf t '^^'^ U°i9? where manufno-
oulturists and those e^Jaired ^n .,?*'''* ''''™>' °^ ««"-
agriculturists, 84 per ^M^oth^Xll ^^"^ ^T ' ^<»^''*''* =
TOodnctA tM Q9 w ' T I^' ''»°'- i <"''«™> <4 POT cent •
Mndoffa^m'^rnHn^fT ^v?'TP^*'**"^"- Almost every
San ?o Ka3l.t ««"v W ^''gt?^^^!"^ i" Massachusette
United sST 870 ^Ji 1 f ^^."l *^^ ^'ensusof the
this purpose that ]ll\ ^ ^"^l Y^'^*' "''^ available for
all wCri find that ainif '^°. ^?"- e*"^^*'™^" «™
ier population enaate?^n„"'^*^'w^'' *^"^ '^^'^^"^ of
fi07.000 enffflir«d ?«^^?u "^ agriculture and she has
iad 375,000 on^^^ that Illinois
in otherpuS T finT f "'^"Ik' /"? ^^^'^^O® «°gaged
of fermp?StB is J at ll?'wW Ik" I"''^' P"' '^^•"^
"u^ber of acres of cultivP ifn^lts, in'Snitli^ut
_:^ ^ ,
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diminiHhed daf ing tho decade /botwoon 1860 and 18t0,
184,000 aoiW; in MaBS!»chu80]tt9, 1860 and 1870, 88,000
aoros, and ir/Kbodo Islaiul, 1800 and 1870, 46,000 acres. I
find that tlio value og farm /lands in the Now IDngland
States haft'fallen, and- piifit none of those i-osults, which are
80 frequehtly picturod^ii) glowing terms, as t^e oonsoquence
of eztei/sive man ufactarios/ have there been realized. The
ton. gejtttiemaD has refli)trcd to the shipping interests of
Canada land of the United Sta'es, and he has endeavored to
show thiat the shippinff interests of Canada are in a satis-
factory \condition. The testimony against him on thia
point IS unariimoas. We have had a great many attemrita
made to explain the decline of American shipping. We
were told for some time that it was xlue to the piratical
enterprises of the Alabama and her consorts. But, after
all such, piratidiil raids bM come to an end, /the
decline continiiixl; andr ,when it was no lougef.
|>ossible to assign such tt cause it was theii ttttributed
to iron shipbuilding. But Canada built wo6deh ships,
Norway built wooden ships, Italy, built wooJenAships, and
the tonnage of all these countries continued t6 increase.
Their commercial marine prospered in spite of the iron
ship building of the United Kfngdom. No sooner, how-
ever, is a highly protective Tariff adopted hero than our
ship building begins to decline, and our tonnage is dim-
imshod,and,hon. gentleman opposite impoit from Wash-^
ington a reason just as %l)ey imported from Washington a
tariflF. Do they Wuppose that the House or the country
will believe thi)m? Do thoy suppose they can make the
Eeople believe that iron ship building, which did us no
arm down to March, 1879, has suddenly become injurious
aince that period ?, How is it that iron ship building in ^
England wrought \kuch havoc with ship building in ther
^United States at least ton years before it did any mischief
here ? How is it that wo did not suffer from it sooner ?
How id it that noitheivNo^rway nor Italj' suffer^iom it now I
Do hon. gentlemen ' suppose they can per9,uade the
people of tfib' country taf accept their reasons which
they assign for ttte decline of a most intportant
industry, as well as for\the d^line of our commercial ma-
rine which has hithertOi been the pride of Canada ? The
hon. ^President of tho Council has\nd6rtaken to explain the
Bmaltness of American manufactured e^orts, by saying
■ that the United Kingdom, ik a very fejjaaall .country and tho
United Sates is a. very large one; and thii^tho only fair "
way to make a compjirisou Nis to mai-k oiit the size of
England in the north:epst part\of the' United States and to
count^l that is consumed elsewhere, exports. This, indeed,
is almoiit a novol style of argument, I remejuber only one
::-!
^^
18
complained that bi^a^LTTi^r ^^ the IriHh , BarfS
He said Curran was Tver? i^M*'"*^ ''•' *°"°« of cq, alTty
dffflcuU to hit than ho. - We w l^r.,""^ ^»« ">"«'» mofo*
that aha I „ofc %e counted' T? fi' ^K^}". «"t.'d« of
have a larger territonr thev h^L .^ ^""^'^ ^'atos
larger popalation, an7 the ifinLnfe? * ^®'-y much
population are carrvi„„ on dolT'^°^ °^ «^c««« in
ttenjselves, a8 well V the 36 oTo oon ""T^^"^^" ^or
gentleman is willing to count >Pk^ 'f ^. ^^'^'^ *he hon.
turing cotton is of f e^^Xrn ^nwfi"''"ri ^*' "^"""fac
land and the United sX aCt^lTi^' ^^ ''««'^" '" 15n«-
Jhe United States had the advanti^^'''"". P'"°^
of the raw material. For a t?mFui° t domestic suppl^
, japitel At this momen?[here i?« Jj&'l? ^"^ cheJjer
England and about 9.600.000 ?n^?^
Uni ed/tates are notffl Mnl fi,^"'^^^ '3^"*o«- The
the United Kingdom. In finfflAnH Vk ^^ P^<*P'® outside
employed in the manufacture of cotl!?°"'°.^*<^0 hands
dlw to each hand. Now when Tte"*'.^
have heen submitted toThirHon J J'^ ** i''*' '^turns which
elusion that thev are dtW^rTf^l"? to the con-
tjon whiph has Been given iJZlnnifTf ''•' "^« in^orma-
than to inform us of the flotlfT^^^ mislead rather
Finance Minister l,iS bSht dn^ '**'"^'«- ^ho K
shows that since 18Y9 Tn? „ **^ ** ^'oturn which
been established in thea.on^oTatXi'"./"r'^ Ce
120 hands. One at nStnn f , .^^^''^' e'nploTinff
one «t,;CV>atioook empSi oqn^'rt^ 125 Vnds^
Cornwall employing 225 Kd/?n ^f^'t ^^'^ o^o at
Commissioner^ which th«if.„' '"» «!' "^OO hands. The
they inspected tWrteei cotC T." -"^^^ W>inted sa^
persons, j^hose %nrrshowlL tS?«« employing 4.O2T
of 40 per cent, has n6t prXced 8o^nVr'P^**H«"^°I»«
f'"'*?"^ as we might have e^nSf^JP'^^ifS'^'^^^o^
8pec|«dly to direct tEe atSon^fTh!^ ^"^ ^^^^^ ^ ^esiro
according to the Bnfflish SJ L«h„£i fi.-^®"^° to, is this : that
torepresfnt390.0oS!p ndfe^*"^^^^^^^
th«/?K^ cotton spindles iri Canal ^ndlT f"" ^^^'^^^ or
that there may not be tn««^ ' *"*^ -^ **ni /not at all sura
jn^tiy than^';^SVZ,'^^",r*«"««^ SS
that even if this represente th^ wh^? gentian. tTo sea
"i-^.
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cotton goods cheaper than they over ^ot thera
before he if. ranking a statement which it is impossiblo
can be true. No such yfasteof capital and -skill
can be reconciled with the statement of the hon. tlie
Finance Minister. The President of the Council disputes
the propoHition of the hon. member for Centre Huron, that
our imports. would have yielded us a sufficient revenue
under the old Tariff to have enabled us to meet the expenses
of Government if economically administered. Thi^ the
hon. Minister denies, but it is plaip to every one that if we
would not have imported so largely, then the present larifT
has wholly failed in its main purpose, which is to exclude
foreign goods from the Canyilan market. The hon. ,
Minister says that if we obtain as much Customs business
under a low Tariff as under a high one. we arc burdened as
much by the one as by the othen I deny his proposition.
I am astonished that he should make it. He will find no
authority to support him. Facts and reason are equally
against him. If the Governniipt put a duty tfpon
cofltee and tea, whether it be high or low, the public
get the tax, except it increases the price of sotiae .
Sthor article which is in part substituted for them ; but I
know none such. ' But this will not hold good with regard
to spirits. We put Customs duty upon imported whiskey.
Do we stop there ? Not at all. Wti say to the distiUer^o
have imposed a duty of 80 ^ents a gallon on impoffed
whiskey. The price of your home madQ article is in conse-
quence | advanced 80 cents a gallon, ^ndrthia sum belongs
lb us. It is no part of the price which ydn by your labor
and industry give the article. It is an additional price
n hy an Act of Pakiament, and -we shall apprgfjiriate it
xo pubttcuaesv Nowthai would nc^^je^the^oss a tax if tho
Government neglected to take it It would b^ receiveyby
the distiller instead of the Excise officer; butt it would b»
paid by the public all the same. ; The hon. Minister of
Finarice imposes a duty upon bi-bad stuffs. He tells tho
prodjcer, that, in consequence of this Government
inteiference, ho gets a higher price. He tells or
should tell tho consumer, in consequence of this
int^erence, you are paying ap Excise duty to the
pilBducer of domestic flour and cornnieal, and to the Gov-
ernment on imported flour and corhmeal. Is not this so?
If this coBiontion b« correct, then the burden is the same
upon the consumer of the domestic! article as it is upon the
<Sonsumer of the imported arUcle. The public pay the tax ;
but, because, the Government do noti receive it, the Minister
refuses to coiisider it a tax. It is the measure of duties
imposed, and the articles upon which they are imposed, by
which tho amount of taxation is to po determined, and not
, /
them ^
rofisible
'Skill
on. the
liaputes
on, that
revonue
xpensos
'hi^ the
at if we
nt Tariff
oxolade
tie hoD. ,
basiness
lenod as
position.
. find no
equally
;y npon
I pablio
)f soijie .
n ; bat I
h regard
iKrhiskej.
tiller,.we
mpo^ed
In oonse-
L belongs
mr labo)^
ml price
alpriate it
ax if the
seivedfiby
would D»
nister of
tells the
^eminent
'tells or
of this
to the
the (xov-
b this so?
the same
upon the
r tpe tax ;
) Minister
of daiies
iposed, by
, and not
\ .IB
s.Tri. p«5r„T[£'''?-? ''S not
prices have Wn m(d bv th« 11 ««" "try those Increased
& «> they have bSien^^ mpS^^'"n"r "^ '« ^Tu*^' '^°<*
do no Li\piz B^Cen^s?;i.%rf;rr"^h -*
ratTfghrifZir^'^oSi^^^^^^
collected is lot a moasire of tK^^ '*™^""* «^ ^""'^
pute their propoeiursll sav thlv „^°"' .rnposod-I dis-
reason and exiorience I Sv &.„ ***''?! *^"'™'-y *»
- producer, but^ey tave bSIJntSJ ll""^* °°^ benefitted'' the
look for' one momoL at fh« ^^^ ^pnsumer. ^t us
the country. ThesTgUUn' K?\S'tf:1"l ^'
we can hep you bv aiiiT nn aJ« • ^ ^^^ faribers,.
came free ffom the TTnU„/™o*''*" *'^'"*"'«- J^arW
barley wm ax^ 16 h^Yt- "* k®^'''?' ''"^^ CanadS^
CanaJa into thi UnilT sfates"''' m^
The Americans have Scased thi n^nnflT^"'. h«ppened ?
• duced in their countrv dnrlrl Jk *lV""*'ty o^ barley pro-
eight fold, and U^e re2i'lt^« h?. ^ i"'' ^*" y«^^«' »««-ly
b^ley has largely faZn off and h^J"'^'^^ ^^" ^""«**'«^
at al4vents, hTSropZ «lln nS? ^^ '° ""^'i^""" ^"*«'i«»
^ or branch o^ a^cuff ^ ^ °^ "'^"^ '^^'^^"^ P«x^"ot
tha^'inTs^''- ^'^^^^ "^ "'o^^ l>'^rley grown last year
V^J'T^i hardiSrcSaTr""^'^'^^"- T"^*
• market value is less than 25 c«„8 T»^ ' **"*
mai^ket value in OntarTo liwt v^r oJ ri' ^^ ^'^^^ ^T***!.
22 cents per lb. ^ ' Canadian wool was
Mr. PLUMB. The alpaca was manufactured.
tec^nift,^w^M
and if the duty was only ELle sufficientlv Wh W "^"^^ '
, population of Canada 4uW irive nn tif ^^^-^^^ ^^™'"«f
^f
a:-"-
;f»' ■;■■■:'»»
"\ '!>'
1«-
there Is a duty on wool that does not. If the Government
would exclude the wool that compotes with Canadian wool.
I underotand that the woollen manufacturei-s will be obliged
to work up the Canadian wools, and the public would bo
obliged to wear the cloth produced from them. But the
Canadian Government takes good care to iniposo duties on
those articles not to be affoctwl by the tn/kation. Somo
have a tax on barley because none is import^] into Canada.
There was no barley brought in bo|bro except what was im-
ported to koo^ the seed from deterioration.
Mr. ORTON. How about oats ?
Mr. MILLS. Dbes the hon. gentleman eay t"hat it aflfoctl
the price? ._^____ ^ ^ ^ . _ ^ ^
Mr. ORTON. Yes.
Mr. MILLS. I know that in the section in which I live
the vali'e of oats has boon increased, but it was increased
before the adoption of the National Policy, by the building
of oat mills*, which made it possible wien the oats were
converted into meal to transport thom to a distance in that
form profitably, which cannot be dine while the oats are
unmanufactured ; and some oat mills havo been shut up by
theTariff because they could not get the necessary supplies to
keep them running throughout the year. I return to the sub-
ject: wore wo overrun in consequence by the importation of
American barley ? Was all the produce of that other barley
farm' to whiph the First Minister so frequently referred, a
few years flgb, imported into Canada? No, except dmall
quantities imported to improve the yield. We did not im-
port from the United States; large quantities were exported
thither from this country. Why? Because they produced
less than they required, and wo produced more than wo
could well consume. Every one knows that the tax on barley
has not been of tbe slightest consequence, except to incon-
venience the farmers who which. to prevent degeneracy of
^ the product by an importation of soctl. Now, when We
come to manufactured goods, where the home production is
. leas than sufficient to meet the home demand, there can be
no doubt whatever that the tax will increafio the price, in
many cases, to the amount of taxation. It was for this
reason, mainly, that an increase of duties was demanded.
Every one who chooses to exercise his common sense will
8oe that this must be the case ; and 3 et the hon. gentleman
proclaims that his Tariff has not failed ; that prices have
not been iiicroased ; that goods, wares and merchandise,
were nevet so cheap as now. A short time ago the Am6ri-
canshad a very high duty on quinine. It wa^ repealed,
quinine was placed on the free list, and it is now in the
American market sold nt one half the price it brought four
u-i^
17 •
"il" not, lonR "jo wo J '"**'r' V'° *■"""• >'">'• Sloo°
»ao « ^„, «^„,,«i''„ X; 'voir''?;'- •"'"«"'«■ «iK>"
«nJ ho aajTs that tho aZSms n .: in'^f *"' ^'"^ «"«' Tax.
which sold n fc^. darS n n , " u ''" "I'"'*t- Tho coal
HollH at Detroit at 80 r" Wn 'lirAr^-''!^^^'' """'^ "^8 7^50
^mtitwillco<t99cont8 oh.^n, °,^^'"'"*°''^^''' t''" House
Poo8 ho thiol, that nnv onr^ °°M "^'^'^ ^'»" S'- I^a^v.•ou"6
• buynt6,75at0^donX.;"h .ndltffi f'V'^ '^ '^ ^o"'^'
(irfforonco in p,.?co boforo tho tf v t^ "^"^'"^ P"'*^ ? Tho
oxcood 30 cents. It irnovv 90'aoh J'^'w^P^^'*^ ^''^ "<>t
amount of roveniioindor^hiJm *'''''*'" *'»« sarno
no«d to import «2 OOOOoS ^*.^'"''*' ^" ^^•^^"'^'
Tho Tariff has thm-^r.^^ , '^°'"^'' '""'"o /roods
°"t o, the %ouX' and '^^ *'''.''^'^^^ --t'
markot.to this extent, l' wlmlv .r^' /l^^^'" ''^ homo
.«^ont. po purchasing powe'oKh^r"^/':^'" this .tatc
'» a flxod quantity, if voii Jn^L .^ P^°P'° 'nanyono year
and of all they wear of rli ?'^ ^''^ P'^'^'O of all they ca/
not tho wholo%T|3i SeO otn ^1 ''^'''' '-^ ''"*^» po ti^,r ;•
pnoo leaving bu rsmalKm i'f S''? "^ \T ^'"'^ '•'•'JitiJn.-^
Every one rau.t see tCfe f l^n ^. ^''''^'^'t''^""' purposos
ineocuringhetterp'-tl ^feS"*'.^." bave LlZi
money will bo repaired J 3^f^' n " P''''" that 7,:oro
commodities. Tho i ^ momV /'". ''° "''"'« "'"^''"t of
the manufacturers of Howi^rmo'i ■'"' ^>'*'^^'°" told us (h"
c't.zens, that they ahvays dXin? .^''7 .^''' ^« ^''"^'' own
statement is aceuratrwt?n ^ • ° '^''^'' ««tiiat irhi.s
bo imported into Canada iaV.n'"" '^^'^'''"«-^ ^•'^" "^ v
doty at all. Both tho hnn„*i'^'^''>' ^'^ 'f there wan no
of>inanco haVV B^il^^^ulfi^^. -" ^ tho hon. Mint.er
foods wero as cheap i«rVr^, °r"^'^""^«eturedt
H/jher wages arc paid %nS jJ . ^-'"^3^ «'-o to-day.
yet every man is bettor ofl'?iaknn if'' . ^^''^■"t' «" «
told Qs last year that fiurin/WC"''"'''"^''*' ^•«'"tlvvo;i
f^en under th^ present Tai?ff ifo^iT: T. '^'^^^^ ba.
bor rightly, that it is f^m 40 fn'«n ^^'"^ "«' it'I romem-
/
iNowwhat follows? ;
-^
"■;v'
18
Th»t 0«nada novor wan a Hoorlflco market ; that Kiii;H9|t
and Amerioaa goods wore not lont in horo and M«r'«o«l.
Mr. DrummomCof Rodpath's firm, inlbrmod uii, in 487«,
th«two|wore Kotting Aniorican nugam at loan than their
actual 3).t, bociiuBO the American rertn«rwusjm.<l a bounty
by hi« Govornmont. Now, wo aro told that Mr, Kodpalh w
<urui»hing u» with sugar at a lowor price than tho price ot
1878. altEouffh that waH bolow co«t ; that he m paying
hiL'hor wage?, and that he. is doing a pro8i>orou» bwinoHH !
Tho name ntory is told of cotton manufactures-that it is
prosporously lowor now than tho iuinously low prices of
18787 and yot those lower than bankrupt prices aro produc-
ing- handsoL profits! I would like to a.k the P«;«»J««J
of tho Council what ho has to say to this? Can ho
fliid no couplet from Biglow or Butlor which will properly
charactorizo tho statoraontof hi« col league ? 1 havo already
pointed out the extraordinary features ol the hon Minister
Sf Finance's statistics. Lot mo horo notice tho eaioioncy ot
our sugar refining. Tho hon. gentleman's coramissioBorH
visited four refineries in which they say 885 men aro
employed. Mn^lodstooe says, thirty-nine men wi I refino
100 tons of loaf sugar every Wook, or 2«2,000 lbs per
man each year. If wo take tho mixod sugars of the I i tod
Kingdom we find that 6,174 men refine 18^2,000,000
lbs., or 350,000 lbs. to each man oraployod. Now, it
the information furnished tho llouso by tho hon. Minister
of Finance isat all tobe relied upon, that wo bavo 885 men
enirkod in tho refineries, they ought to turn out 300,000,000
Ibs'Tf ordinai-y refined sucar, nearly threo times tho
amoSnt refined in Canada. The hon. Finance Minister hus
mad^a etatomcnt which shows that tho refinewo«
here, either owing to tho dofociivonoss of f thoir
rtiachinory or to some other ^auso, are producing not more ,
than one-third of the quanflty produced in the Uuitod
Kingdom with tho same amount of labor. I ask this Uouso
to sfy whether sucttlabor is well employed? I ask it to say ,
whetlier the country is not compelled to pay for this
inefficiency? It may be that these rofinerios are not so
wretchedly managed as the hon. Finance Minister, would
havens believe ; but if they aro not, is it not plain to eveiy
one that this House has wholly unreliable statements laid
/before it? It is impossible that this statement can be true, it
is impoesiblo to believe that men greedy of gain—anxioos to
irrow suddenly rich, would so mismanage thoir business, as
to employ three men to do the work of ono. I observe
that tihe hon. Finance Minister, in bis Budget Speech,
estimates the increased consumption of Canadian wool
at tipwards of 1,000,000 lbs. Ho says, that the
"5T"^«
-iHooii.
4870,
I their
)ountV
path IM
•rioe of
paying
»\nem !
t it ifl
icoH of
produc-
eeidont
Jan ho
roporly
ih'oady
linistor
jiicy of
iHiosont
on arc
1 rotino
bs. per
Unitod
000,000
ow, if
iinistor
)85 mon
000,000
aes tho
tor hiMi
jtinorjefl
[r tboir
ot moro (
Uuitoil
s llouso
it to say
for thia
) not BO
r, would
to every
enta laid
true. It
txioaa to
lioess, aa
'. observe
Speech,
an wool
lat the
a 1881,
*V®^'J?i '^•' •"** *•* concludoa from thfa f«ot that
the dinerenco is duo Jo a larger quantity of Can»-
.u*". !7,, .^ ""*'•' '" manaftctuHnir. I do nbt
lf"iLn"i* '^Vr.: J^y^P'"'"" •■'•. that* the number
SfJ. I i'^i"P,m''^, *^° nirmorn hrwi boon very greatly
rf^minlHliod Tho farn.««, of Oaniwla turn their attention to
^0 production of whatovor payH thorn the bout for the time
Doing. Until the appearance trf" the wheat midgo, tho
weatern iM)rtlon of Ontario wom largely devoted to the pro-
duction of w.ntor whont. When tho American war began.
trnSr'ir^/"/* ^"l* «;:P.^"* "* ^"'•'^'y t«o'' tho place oAho
growth of whoat. In 1H60, thoro wan losa barley grown in
tho Unitod 8tato« than in Canada. Within ton you rn tho
?.^®"rl'"'!^'"'**''* **'®''' ?''"'^th of barley eightfold. The
ET^f K ^1?y "^"^ ^r*"^'^ '*^'"*=«^' Thi priJeof Canadian
ITl^Ifw '"°" ^.f ' t^. y^*""- Cochin? wool, laat year. wa«
not worth more than 22 ccntB, and the roault is, that Hhoep
raising and barley growing havo coascd iii the West to bo
agricultural productionH. The dairy business, which, for a
K-T T!"' ^u" •.'««^'»« h'-nnch of agricultural industry,
has again fallen into tho back-ground, and, during the
I?Iii .I^T"' ^^*° f'° of wheat exceeds in value that
?Lfm •'''". k'"" P'"o^"?.t8 taken together. I do not say
that this 18 the most satisfactory method of farming, but I
am simnly stating a fact. A better price for oats las pre-
vailed during the past six years than before, but it has
f h« n^AoM ^.i!*"o ^? u''° *^'"'^^"<'" of oat-mills, which send
the m(jal to tho Scotch market. I have no doubt whatever,
in .^ ♦ f^ Minister of Finance were to put a duty of
;l«v ' ^ i!'""'^ ""I^ ?"" '^""'"' the CnnadiSn manufac
Ih«nrl ri ^"^ ""^P"'^*^ f'^^ homegrown wool; and if his
Itiyn- *mT ''"',J'° '" ^'^ ^'^'i estimation he would havo
WoLif'"; The hon. member for West Toronto has
loferred to the fact that manufacturing industries hare
been recently extended, and he attributes tho large con-
sumption of homegrown articles t,o the exclusion of foreign
produc 8. Thi« has been a favorite stylo of argument upon
♦ inn n? ^K r^^' '"mI ^ot « very cursory examfna-
TK« K ^® {"J"^' """, "'^^'^ 't to bo most fallacious. .
J bo hon. gentleman admits that the importations of the
past year were very much greater than in 1878.
ivf niTr?^** ^'' 1881 were $105,330,840, and for 1878
•Jd,uai,4J7. Hon. gonllomen on the other side havo all
along argued^ that the demand for home productions in
J\lZ '^J^^V ^^V' «"d yet the foreign importations
of 1881 exceeded those of 1878 by moro than $12,000,000.
If we take the years 1872-73, which hon. gentlemen refeWed
to as a mo6t prosperous year, wo find that the imports
e^oecacd ip value 9138,000,000, being «35,000,000 morq
""^'i^'^^^l^''^
w
^ 20
Uian Ilia year IB18, And y«t lichi. conlloracrj do not wiy that
pr^ honi© monuftcturorf w««^ driven to tho wmH in thono
y«fl¥W by cicohmIvo iinpoi tiuion><, Tho fnit in that homo
ond.for«ign produttH mo, to u great oxtorif, cotnplcmontHfVT
oach other. Th^^y nro iiliko tioccuNiry to complolo (ho •
iiNiDrtmetit of thu iRHcr^tujoit mid tho luxurieH of* liio in
thin country. When tho pundinNhig jiower of tho ootnmnn-
ity in from anpr caiuo diniitii^hud (t cffoct* lht« iMMxrtment
Jill rounds \\ hiti ihero i«i n dinumition of ImportH, thoro in
uUo ftdlmlwution ii) tho dciniitid for homo mnnufa<5tnrcd
artlclon; undx«l».t jonrs of tho imulloil importa arc ^
«ho tho yttMvrxiji wljich homrf nrnnnructiironi oro.'^J
in leoMt dtunaiid. It tn |>ocmi,-o iho Kumo cjuhom^i-o oporu-
lin/x vvitli ul'iiiMKV to onehr-J^ifl^^omhor for Went ToronW
huM tiaid tliat llu- t|iKMii(m of I-Vco Tnulo an<l Pmlorlion are
Tjol put in i«Mio l.y ihii Tai irT. Thiit wo nil admit that thoro
muHt bo CuHlomK «lutioM, and it ix a aimploquoHtion oa'to tho
nrticloM upon wldch lhoj«o dulloH hhall bo imponod. I quito
admit that llio Ihsuu boiwtvn u>« Ia not wholhor CuttomM
duties Bhall ornhall not Lo al»olih|icd. No ono hftn i|i|K)kon
■ in favor of l-'roo Trado on thiipitio in tl>o hcuho of wholly
removing tho ^hackI(•« of ci'jjpni.i <.o. It in not n nuoHiion
tt.i between diiwt and jlidirect ta.xation, and tho hon.
i^iBmber \n (»ii!y dealing' (andiilly with thin ^ido Of tho
JlourtO when ho rocoj,Mii/o.tiliut fact. I hno never hcHita(cd
lortdy, if ttliix ()f :0 per (,cnt. in nfcc»8ary to moot tho
necohitifH of Ih'oGovornraont, then 1 nm roadv to fuvor a
tax of 20 per conl. If wo cannot got on with Ichh than 25
per cent, then i am in favor of 23 por cent. I Bot out with
. this nropoHitiun, that taxation in no form can in itself bo
p; anything oIho than a buidon on the propio; that it HhouM
bo irhpoMod only for public purposoi and UHod onjy f9r the'
publio benefit. Thoro aro certain canons whicl
to observe, I think, in tho Ji^poHition of tJixe^
Hhould'bo ijnposod no an to ta^ as little monoi
from the people beyond what finds its way infWmrjiuDire
Treasury. It nhould bo distributed fairly oh between tho
.j.^*"<?:V'Hei's ; it should bo borne by tho popidation in propor-
a. ^ "- tho|i» nbilily to pay ; it Hhould bo eo imposed bo a«to
^^t.;ob\raorce as liifcte as possible. Now, in our CHtimution
" ^'1 j^*Mons \y;o impodo on tho populttion who are
'""**Sar t^j^nfi. thoy arp nat benofitH. It is not
tlioajfebjip TioaHury. It is not a tax to lo
no bono^Prt)1)lained. . It in not opplicd in tho
irost, but it is a tux imposed on one section (<{ the
population for tho benefit of another scftion.
^ Mr. OilTON. I would ask whether it ih not bettor, then,
to propose a lax that gives tho bcneUt to tho furra pro-
ducer? «
ju
'^•*
Ummm
"^^r^
^^
1
^
f
f
,i*
into (1,0 Confedcr^ey it u.«i .nf^'r*;''* ''*'*" "^'"ilM
*»"»t mny^Zo wUh ^0 ;^' enunciated .hat no rZZ
which Ib o holniL f„..l ''"^^''.<'''' judicloun oxpordiUiro
pronmrKalo<J iL.!J Iho IctHnafliihl?"- ' '^'^f^ ^^'^
a^Wthohon.mcXrforCT^ "T* J '^°»'*^ '"*<» to
taxation Ih a nubhc Imrlfn ^" ""« ^''^ pOsitlop that
their f«i.. Vro^i:r^''i^7y:.r^:Z%:]^ ""T' l^ ^"••
Choap^ottoni aro far moro Lav ly toJAa^n^^'J^
4 ;^J-i Chan "rrauTpc^M^S r^^^^^
« benefit then it may haro boon UnM V '"*'»t'o° '^'n itself,
to the poor a doubf{ Son Lu? f •.*''*^' rnom^^ved out
hcnefit. but ft bu«lnn „ ' ^V^ '' '« "ot in itaolf a
adopted I hove ^ro;L-n7/'^^ /^"^^^ ^^'o-'W »>o
branch of tnd Jtrv mVi? "l^^^^nt, (foubtcd (hat any
bounty dlrectSy^^inffe^Iy^i;;;:"'!^? X '^ «"ffi"«ont
I believe l8 b»st left^o <h« ?. n"'« *** ^^'^^^^ ^J^"' which
1 do i06 aerioS danU,H and d S '^'h" '" • ^^ ""'• P^P^l-tion
<hat many b* nS of T. d" ^'"^ I «co
Hosclytotbolinewhu.?^ ?^^ very
with(hemanufactumu7hJlJnir?."?^"'i"'"«« «^ Canada
r
It
3."
137&, irore about $26,000,000; And if wo loavo oat boot and
shoe makora, who were practically without any foreign
compotition, the manufacturer did not fail for more than
2 per cent. oT this amount. I will venture the prodiotioni
ifa matter in iteelftiio certain can be called a prediction,
that another crisis must produce a very different reaalt.
Why did our manufacturers pass so successtully through
the last crisis ? Because they have grown up to meet tne
requirements of the country. They adjusted the^selvee to
the local needs of the population, and their proauotions in
but few instances exceeded the minimum requirements of
thoir customers. The variable complement was/the foreign
import. In 18*78, our boot and shoe manufactnvers supplied
9 1 per cent ; the woollen manufacturers, 85 percent, in their
own lines. Saddle and harness makers, 99 per cent..; car-
riage manufacturers, 99 per cent.; merchant tailors, 95 per
cent.; the manufacturers of agricultural implements, at
least 95 per cent. Now there is not much room left in
those industries for expansion beyond what is afforded by
the growth of the country in wealth and /n population. I
say, apart altogether from the question oyinjustice done by
duties in exco8s of the public rcqairomettts, you are misdi*
reeling the capital of the countiy. We/b'ave only to look
at the Trade and Navigation Ketumar to see how much
the purchasing power of the counttry varies. In 1873,
our foreign trade amounted to nearly $218,000,000. In 1879,
the most gloomy year since Confederation, it was
$^4,000,000 less. Now, there was a corresponding difference
in our domestic and interprovinciftt trade; that is, a^jsarift*"— """"
tion equal to 25 per cent. If we produce tojjw-fttlt extent
of our market in yeai*8 of prospentyvjs-ifr^t evident that,
in a year of depression, there muefipe gfeat industrial dis-
turbances ? The number^of-^inploy^s in the more wealthier
mills and factori^s-wiU bo diminished, and many of the
weaker estabiisfiments will be dosed. Is it nothing to have
a large,J<ed population thrown out of employment ? Is it
mjthrog to have a large amount of capital, which, atfre-
<^ently recurring intervals of time, is left wholly unpro-
ductive? Yet it is towai-ds this destination we are hastily
advancing, and the more apparent the success of the hon. ^
gentleman's policy, the more certain is it that disaster must
como. If our manufacturers had been allowed to obtain a
sate foothold at home, if they had been allowed to manufac-
ture under such favorable circumstances that they could
have felt their way securely into foreign markets, then they
would themselves, by crossing, the frontier barriers, have
protected their interests against the dangers of a contracted
domestic market. I need not say more upon this point. We -
have no feeling of hostility to the taanafacturi^g dassQS. We
.^'^
lU
13
doeiro their prospority, and wo havo miu-kcd oui tho lino by
which Alone that prosperity can be made secure. We soek
to promote the wolf-being of tho whole people, iind wo
adopt the policy which reason and oxporienco alike demon-
strate to TO the necessary means to that ondy
Prinltd bjr ificLiis, Roon A Co., pArliamentiiiT PrSnteri, WelUnaton
Street, OtUw*.
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