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Les diagrammes suivants illustreni la methods. 1 2 3 4 5 6 THI [FromM We have Harbour Montreal, u fttiona in Li the river I which tber bility of dis in the Lake feet, — a clei feet of wate commerce, Wednesday, fine QuebeC' Gall, of Gre while, by r« Lake was a: 12 feet 1 iac important fi tion of the has been bai On ( i , We, the 111 Harbour Cc rneut of taki ship channel to the lowest operations lit hereby certil of 487 tons feet one incl cessfully tov ence of Cap nel by the sounding th ately after t only twelve i on the track proving coni aforesaid ha: feet. (Signed,) KoBT. Gai Hector H Christian liance H. Bellma CUARLSy J liance C. Z. Armg Munn. J. WiLSOX, J. ArM8TR( UoBT Adi Tranai G. R. RoBi Lroii Duut David Bkli the Cti JoJN Leri Merchi JlIAHLRS S David Kin Herald Wo cannot uvners and i wtera, withi and 'hanks, t wearied exert and to lh« sl^ Buperluleudti bfen one ot i Wednesday, c th(» complf te fei'lg it necea of all proiunt from the time Ci'liforniii ati .'/ liinicf n«'Vt W?'^'»"^PWHPP«!W THE DEEPENED CHAN^ . iN LAKE SAINT PETER. [From Montreal Herald, August 26, 1853.] We have much pleasure in congratui.iting our for the largest portion of its course, has abundance of water ; but, there is an inter- Ilarbour CommiBsioners, and the merchants of ^al of several miles, over which, the depth 4 Montreal, upon the complete success of the oper- ations in Lake St Peter, and at other points on the river between this port and Quebec ; by which there is now secured, beyond the possi- bility of dispute or cavil — and when the waters in the Lake are at their lowest point of say eleven feet, — a clear and safe channel of from 15 to 16 used to bo about 11 feet, 9 inches, necessi tating vessels coming up to Montreal, or loading at it, to employ barges, at a great cost and delay, to disembark or to embark a large portion of their cargo at Quebec. With such a light depth of water, no sea- feet of water. This problem, so important to our going vessel could pass up to Montreal, or commerce, was most satisfactorily solved on Wednesday, by the passage of the California— & fine Quebec-built ship of 487 tons register— Capt. Gall, of Greenock, drawing fully 16 feet 1 inch while, by repeated soundings, the water in the Lake was ascertained to be four feet less— viz., 12 feet 1 inch. The following certificate of this important fact, in connection with this naviga- down to Quebec, more than half loaded, To remedy this great and acknowledged inconvenience, this interuption of an other- wise splendid navigation, the deepening that is the dredging of a channel, through Lake St. Peter, was commenced some dozen or more years ago. The plan adopted by tion of the St. Lawrence by se. -going vessels, *^® engineers of the day, was to go right through : that I:, to describe, as it were, a cord of tlie bow which the natural channel found. We are not going to enter into this controversy sufficiently warmly debated, which is now set at rest ; the decision having been como to, and acted on, to abandon the direct cliannol, and improve the circuitous one. Tills decision h.as now been acted on for about thiec yea. it is a question of some importance, not merely to the people of Montreal, but to the whole Province, whether the passing along th t cord or of the bow is the best. But the paramount cohsideration is, that there shall be a practicable channel, with water enough permanently to float vessels such as their wants require. It is well know that, of late and particularly within these last two or three years, the tendency of the mercantile has been handed to us for publication : — On Board the Steamer " Alliance, Lake St. Peter, Aug. 24, 1853. We, the undersigned, invited by the Montreal Harbour Commissioners to witness the experi- ment of taking a vessel through the improved ship channel from Hie Harbour of Montreal down, to the lowest point in Lake St. Peter to which their operations thus far have required to be extended, hereby certify that the " Cnlifornia," Capt. Gall, of 487 tons burden per register, drawing sixteen feet one inch (16 feet 1 inch) of water, was suc- cessfully towed this day, under the superintend- ence of Capt. Bell, through the aforesaid chan- nel by the steamer " Alliance" — and that on sounding the " flats" in Lake St. Peter immedi- ately after the expeiiment was made, we found only twelve feet one inch (12 feet 1 inch) thereon on the track formerly ustd by vessels — thereby proving conclusively that the improved channel aforesaid has been deepened to the extent of four feet. (Signed,) RoBT. Gall, Master of the " California." Hkotob Hamlin, Branch Pilot. liance. H. BELLMAUi, Master of the Barge " Harmony." CuABLKB Johnston, Muster of the Steamer "Al- liance." C. Z. Armstrong, Master of the Steamer " John Munn." J. Wilson, Owner of the Steamer " Alliance." J. AUMSTIIONC, RoBT AuRAiiAM, Editor of the " Montreal Transcript." G. R. RoBKHTsoN, Advocate. Lkoh Doutkb, Deputy Registrar f'^r Montreal. David Bicllhoi'sk, Agent for the Contractors of the Canadian Ocean Mail Steamers. JoJN Lbrminu, Alderman of the City and Merchant. JiiARLRs SiYMouu, Merchant. Oavid Kinnbab, Proprietor of the " Montreal Herald." Wo cannot make this announcement to the ovners and masters of vessels frequenting our W.tera, without awarding that meed of i iuise Ud 'hanks, which is so eminently due to tlie un- wearied exertions of our Harbour Commissioners, And to lh« ikill and indefatigable /.eal of their iUperiuleudunl, Cainain iieli. The writer imving been one ot the party on bonrd liie Jllianre on Wednesday, can attest, from Lis own observation, the complete sucie-^s of the cjin'rinicnl— he only fcels it necessary lo mid to lie joint certificate of all proMnt, unconm-cted witii the works, thiit, from the time of leaving our harbour, with the Ci'Uforniti and the liarge tUirmonu in tow, the .'? liiinrf Christian Mauause, Pilot of the Steamer « Al-^ marine has been greatly to increase tonnage. Clipper vessels of 1,500 tons are now em- i ployed, where, within our memory, schoon- ' ers of 150, or brigs of 250 tons would have been thought sufficient, and indeed, all that would be profitable. But, it is well known that the larger a ship is, the more profitable she is if she can be loaded ; and, from the vast extension of commerce, largo vessels can now bo loaded with as much expedition as small ones could formerly, \ From this law Montreal was not exempt ; indeed, she has become daily more subject to it, from the coiiipetition of the noble ves- I sels received by the Atlantic ports. How- I ever, to all sensible men, tlio removal of this | obstruction to her receiving vessels of largo j tonnnge has boon folt to bo of primary im- i portance; tliouuh it must be admitted that > the people of Montreal, in general, have not I paid to it the atttntion which it deservos. i Tlioro liav(« been various reports recently current of the progress of this w<»ik. The 1 leprcsentutivos of the official authoiitios havo ix'on uniformly favorable. Not mere- I ly the lesponttibic parties enirnged in tho ] work, but tlioHo who wero officially bound I to H(>f ilmt it was (lone, stated that it was ad- ' had not been discovered, because no ves- sel of the hke draught had ever passed over them. As they are, they are no great ob- stiiiction, and will be very easily removed. The wide natural channel being then passed, the new artificial channel was next made. This, as we have explained, is an excavation of four feet, and something more m the clay, which lies below the silt, and at an average depth of twelve feet below the surface of the water. The circum- stances could scarcely have been less fa- vourable to the experiment. The water W!is not abova its average height ; was, in- deed, the lowest for the season. It blew a stiff breeze from the South-east, which, as the current always sets over the flats to the northward, not merely diminished the depth of water, but compelled the steamer to lie a point, or a point and a half, south of her true course, in order to hold it against the wind and cross current ; that is, to go diagonally. But, in all lier course, as we can speak from watching most carefully, the California never touched bottom. The trace of her keel was visible by the muddy water in her wake, for it is not pretended that there was more than the few inches to spare, which the drift of her passage would disturb ; but she went through whhout the slightest de- lay or obstruction. Arrived at the deep water, anchor was cast, and the California bsing carefully measured by the Pilots, was pronounced to draw 16 feet 1 inch. Captain Gall, a whness totally disinteiested. deserves great credit fo-- the confidence, when, after running his vessel aground coming up, on investigation of the channel he decided on bringing her down loaded still deeper. This event is one of great interest in the history ofthe Port of Montreal. From about 11 feel 9 in., we believe it raises us to 16 feet 1 inch, which actually doubles the tonnage which can use our port without the assistance of lighters, the chai sie and delay of which has laid so heavy v\y our commerce. We hope the Harbour Commissioners will now be encouraged by public approbation toper- severe. A very little expenditure and pa- tience will give us, through .the short dis- lance to which it is obstructed, a clear depth of 17 feet through, to below Three Rivers. — ill a general \. ay, thi;., with some improve- aients in the ii'er harbour, would allow us to receive vessels of one thousand tons burthen, an.' with these, we might command the whole truile ofthe wist. Without lavishing comi-Iinients on individ- I'.a!.-. we fihu!!!'.! do .•^n act of injustice if we were not to express the sense generally feU of the vainablo s srvices rendered by Capt. Bell, the Suporintendant of tho Work. His zeal, industry and vigilunct) have been be- yond all praise. The order in which ho has all his machiiiory, antl tho jirecision with which ho has completed his work are adrnir- vMiiniii A 1. 1. this 111 untreiiT wns not cvi.iiiiit I i0.1N liEKMlN Mercbanl ,'IIA.HLB3 SbY! Javid Kinnkj Herald." W.i canuot me omers and ma wters, without and 'hanks, wbi wearied exertioi and to th« skill superintendent, been one ot the Wednesday, can the complete bu feels it nccessa of all present, u from the time o California and Alliance never, gi.ies, until she deepened chani shoals. This cl will give full; in the Lake, tbr( mites: it is not, intended that tt has been widen* foot in depth ha fected, every in ed, which now p ooming to our p gust and Septen is, usup'.lj, at i Again we cong on what has b( Commissioners, bringing this all successful conci / [From Montre Perhaps the uected with t treal, is the ii Our readers iii the subject of years. The I water, into wl St. Francis a bringing dowi dciposits. Th blue clay, at twelve feet, i there, silted i few feat, Th current of tlic cm side, wher * io.iN liBKMiNO, Aldermaa of ilie City and Merchant. "harlks Sbymour, Merchant. Javid Kinnkab, Proprietor of the " Montreal Herald." Wo cannot make this announcement to the omers and masters of vessels frequenting our w ters, without awarding that meed of praise aid ^hank3, which is so ern'oently due to the un- wearied exertions of our Harbour Commissioners, and to the skill and indefatigable zeal of their superintendent, Captain Bell, The writer having been one ot the parly on board the Mliance. on Wednesday, can attest, from his own observation, the complete bucce^s of the esperiraent— he only feels it necessary to add to tie joint certificate of all present, unconnected with the works, that, from the time of leaving our harbour, with the California and the barge Harmon]) in tow, the Miance never, for one instant, stopped her en- gi.ies, until she cast anchor at the foot of the deepened channel through the Lake St. Peter shoals. This channel is now 150 feet wide, and will give fully four feet more water than in the Lake, throughout its length of about seven miles: it is not, however, we are happy to learn, intended that the work shall be stopped until it has been widened to 300 feet, and an additional foot in depth has been obtained. When this is ef- fected, every impediment will have been remov- ed, which now prevents the larger class of vessels ooming to our port, during the two months (Au- gust and September) when the water in the Lake is, usup'.lj, at its lowest point, of eleven feet. Again we congratulate our commercial readers on what has been done, and wish our Harbour Commissioners, and Captain Bell, good-speed in bringing this all-important work to an early and succ«!8sful conclusion. \ [From Montreal Tramcript, Aug. 2G, 1853.] Perhaps the most important subject con- nected with the local superiority of Mon- treal, is the navigation of Lake St. Peter. Our readers are well avare that this has boon the subject of warm controversy for several years. The Lake is a great expanse of water, into which rivers flow, principally tlie St. Francis and Yaniaska, at rit,'ht angles, bringing down a great amount of diluvial dtiposits. The bottom of this basin is a blue clay, at a pretty uni.brm depth of twelve feet, at low wjitcr ; but here and there, silted up to a <lcpth of only a very few feat. The natural channel of the main current of the St. Lawrence is to the north- orn side, where it makes a groat curve ; and From this law Montreal was not exempt ; indeed, she has become daily more subject to it, from the competition of the noble ves- sels received by the Atlantic ports. How- ever, to all sensible men, the removal of this obstruction to her receiving vessels of large tonnage has been felt to be of primary im- portance ; though it must be admitted that the people of Montreal, in general, have not paid to it the attention which it deserves. There have been various reports recently current of the progress of this work. The representatives of the oflicial authorities have boon uniformly favorable. Not mere- ly the responsible parties engaged in the work, but those who were ofiiciaJly bound to sec that it was done, stated that it was ad- vancing most admirably, that is, that the channel was deepening, and four feet water had been gained. Our readers are very well aware that a difference of four feet water makes the difference between a small sized merchantman lightened, and a very large one with full draught. A few days ago came up the California, Cupt. Gall, drawing, we believe, somewhere about 15 feet water, and she ran aground. It was explained that, from the narrowness of the channel, or from some difficulty in the pilotage, the vessel ran aground on the bank ; and we ourself heard the Captain, who could have no possible bias, and who is now on his way across the Atlantic, declare, that on sounding, there was 17 feet in the channel. Be that as it may, the vessel was got off and brought up to Montreal without damage. The experiment, then, was fairly tried, — Capt. Gall himself was so fully satisfied of the capacity of the channel, that he loaded his vessel to her full seagoing draught, which he estimated at 10 feet 2 inches. The California started on Wednesday, in tow of the Alliance, Captain Johnston, which had on board the Chairman and Secretary of tiie Harbour Commissioners, and several other gentlemen of the city, whoso numbers would doubtless have been larger but for the very early hour of starting. The voyage down presented nothing very partic.ilar until nearly about Bertliier, where the California slightly grazed several times on shoals of wliicli the existence was previ- ously unknown, being merely little collec- tions of gn;vel thrown up by eddies. They tie nee will give ns, through .the short dis- tance to which it is obstructed, a clear depth of 17 feet through, to below Three Rivers. — in a general wa)^, this, with some improve- <iients in the iii tier harbour, would allow us to receive vessels of ore thousand tons burthen, and with these, we might command the whole trade of the west. Without lavishing compliments on individ- uals, we should do an act of injustice if we were not to express the sense generally felt of the valuable s srvices rendered by Capt. Bell, the Superintendant of the Work. Hie zeal, industry and vigilance have been be- yond all praise. The order in which he has all his machinery, and the precision with which he has completed his work are admir- able. It must be most gratifying to him to find that statements of his^ which were at one time disputed, are now fully confirmed. (Copy.) ( On Boakd thk Steamer " Alliance," \ Lake St. Peter, Aug. 24th, 1853. We, the undersigned, invited by the Montreal Harbour Commissioners to witness the experi- ment of taking a vessel through the improved ship-ciannel, from the Harbour of Montreal down to the 'owest point in Lake ISt. Peter to which their operations thus far have required to be extended, hereb' certify that the " Cnliforria," Capt. Gall, of 48 "i t^ns burden per register, drawing sixteen feet oae inch (10 feet 1 inch) of water, was suc- cessfully towed this day, under the superinten- iciiceof Capt. Bell, through the aforesaid chan- nel by the Steamer " Alliance" — and tliat on sounding the " flats" in Luke St. Peter, immedi- ately »fter the experiment was made, we fouud only twelve feet one imch (12 feet 1 inch) thereon, on tht track formerly used by vessels — thereby proviig conclusively that the improved channel aforesaid has been deepened to the extent of four feet. [Signed,] RoFBRT Gall, Master of the " California." Hkctor Hamlin, Branch Pilot. CiiiisTiAN Mouause, Pilot of Mie Steamer "Al- liance." H. Bkllmare, Master of the Barge "Harmony." C11/.RLE8 Johnston, Master of tie Steamer" Al- liance." C. L. AiiMSTRONO, Master of the Steamer "John Munn." J. Wilson, Owner of the Steamer " AUian"?." J. i'lRMSTKONd. RohT. Abraham, Editor of the " Montreal T: n- script." Geo. R. Uoukutson, Advocate. Lk('N Doi'TiiK, Deputy Registrar of Montreal. David Bkllhoisk, Agent for the Contractors of • he Canailiiin Ocoan .Mail Steamers. John Lkemimi, Alderman of the City, and Mer- chant of .Montreal. CH4RLKB Seymour, Merchanc. David Kinnbah, Proprietor of the " Montreal Herald.'" ntn