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MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART
(ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2)
A -^I PPLIEC IIVHGE
^K i653 EosI Main Street
S^S Rochester. New York 14609 US
'■S= (?16) 48i -0300 - Phone
^= (716) 288 - 5989 - Fox
The Ethnographical Elements of Ontario,
IThiMartiula wuH piejiHrfd in thu line of tlio iiivi!Kti;(»ti«im of the ('oiiiniitici'
ii|>p.iiiiti'(l hy thu British AsMDciiition ti) orgiiiii/.e iin KtliiU'IngicHl Survey of Cftimdii. )
It huN often betni obherved that in Ontario, as wll us in alnioat
ovcry otla'f new colony, the early settlers located, iw a rule, in j^roups
or clnsttTs ju'conliii^' to mitionality or reli;;ious creed. In the course nl'
II jouriii'V through the ]irovinee one comes n|ion j^nnips of Eiij^lisli,
Scuts, Irish, French, Germans, etc. 'i'he particular initioiuility or cree.l
in each case (leterinines the characteristic traits of the jjroiiii — traits which
Ijcrsist tliroui,'h several <,a'nerations, notwith.stnndin),' the ievellin;,' tend-
encies of modern life.
The following lists give, \>y counties, such settlements or {j;roups i>\'
the original rural population of Ontario a.s can he set down in talailar
form. The urban purtinn of our popidation is t(jo nn.\e(l to be amenalile
to analy.sis of thi.s kitul ; the only oliservablo law in this case is that tlu'
population of each town or city is mainly recruited from the rural dis-
tricts in its nein^hborhood.
It has Ikjcii deemed advisable to adopt tlie olddivi.sionof the frontier
portion of tlie province into eleven districts, because it was the division
in use duriiij,' the first half of the idneteenth century, a period in whieh
the nundjer of innni;;rnnts was very lar;,'e. It is, accordinirjy, the .scheme
•of division found in tables of statistics of that period, many of which
will be useful in connection with this intjuiry. Followinif this scheiae
of division the population of Ontario for the years 1817 and 182.T is </\\ . i,
as follows:
1817. 1825.
Dintricf. (Ginirlay.*) {Fotherffil'.)
Eastern 12,700 16,524
Ottawa 1,500 2,580
Bathurst 10,309
Johnstown 9,200 15,2(36
Midland 14,853 27,316
Newcastle 5,000 9,966
Home 7,700 ' 17,942
Gore 6,684 14,225
Niagara 12,548 19,090
London 8,907 17,351
Western 4,158 7,162
Total 83,950 157,731
*" (Jourlaj'g Statistic*," Vol. I., p. I'M.
t
re '^i
Al
06
1 OXTARin lllHTOKirM. S<M"IF.TY.
'''Ik! portion of tlio province not included in the ftlwve 'nclienie of
(liviHion is ilividtMi into eijfht (liHtrictM: Flalihiirton, MuHk()i<ii, Parry
Sound, NipiwNinj;, Alfjoma, Maiiitonlin Lslaiul, 'riiuiidtr Hay and Haii.y
River.
The liHt of settlers for the Kast'-rn District is first jfiveti, and tlumt
for thtj It her districts f(»IIo\v in ord. r proceeding' westward, hccausc in ft
j^eneral vay the oidcr of sfttlenitiit was frcin east t" A'est. Kor j^eo-
j,;raphical asons it was natnral that the east shoi'.ii contain the oldest
scttleuient, thou<{h the frontier at Niagara woh occupied almost as sooit
as the east.
In tlds province, as elsewhere, names of political and relijjious siy-
nificanco are often the most convenient for the desijrnatioii of the various
jjroups.
Ahsohito accuracy is not cluiined for the nund)ers and IcK-ations of
these jfroups. Tins lists, however, are sulwtantially correct, except that
in Home cases they may be incomplete. The date of settlement is some-
times given approximately, and sometimes there is j^iven an approxima-
tion to the nundjcr of original families in each group.
Societies for the study of Icxial history, na well as individuals, can
accomplish good work by making additions to these lists, by furnishing
accurate dates of settlement and the numbers of families in the various
groups. The compiler will be pleased to receive such amendmeni.s from
anyone who will take the trouble to write to him.
besides the groups given in the schedules many localitie.s were
wholly or partially settled by migrations from earlier occupied parts of
the ])roviiice.
In the counties of Victoria, Ontario, Simcoe, York, Wellington,
Waterloo and Oxford (in other words, the central portion of the j)rovince),
the population is very complex, including not only many nationalities
and creeds, but also differing widely as to their race origin. If I may
be permitted to express an opinion of the relative merits of settlements,
I should say the least progressive peoples are found where there has
been the least mixture. Where settlei-s of a kind are bunched together,
they retain old customs more tenaciously ; and there is something to l)e
said in favor of Colonel Talbot's whim in connection with his settlement
of Howard Township (Kent C^ounty), which he peopled on the checker-
board plan, or alternately, so that no two settlers of the same nationality
should be side by side.
But little information can V)e gleaned from census reports since
1801 bearing on the (juestion of the national origins of the earliest .set-
tlers, and even the earlier reports are useful only in connection with
TIIK KIMXouitAIMMCAI. KI.KMKN IS (»K ONT.Mtlo. 3
the liir<,'(st or most proininfiit .scttlfiiusntv. I Imvo tlioiofon nilitil
cliieMy upon otluT .sources. It woiiM hu rlirticult to citu luiok, iicWMpaprr
mid i»ciHoiial iiuthotitii'.s from whom iiiforiimtioii wa.s olitaiiiefl in tii«
[inparuti /it of tlitiM*; liHts. This would taljc up nearly a^ much H\mvt» m
(111- tables tlKMMHtJM's and would supply no new facts, Hut .several \wv-
sons iiave iu-en kind enoui;h to revise my notes of paiticular ilistricts,
each for tlio <listrict with which he was best acipiainted, and I wisli to
acknowled^'o my obli;;ations for those services. These correspondents,
in various parts of the province, have been : ('.('. James, for the <!ust<'rly
districts; Ueor;,'e Iv Luidlaw, for Victoria County ; David I ioyle, for Wel-
lington County and conti^nious territory ; Jas. U. Coyne, for the Lako
Krio frontier; .\. C. Osborne, for the Nipis.sin^' District; Frank \'ei^'li,
for the Kainy lli\er District.
'{"he most .striking' feature of our ethno^jrapliy is the rapid inter-
mi.xture of peoples. Accordin;,dy the (|uestion of uii.xed races will be
the most difficult to finy one who wishes to analyze the population scien-
tifically. Hut the intermixture is never so ^reat iliatthe orij,dnal ;,'roups
cannot be di.scerned, even after thrtM! or four ^'enerations.
Besides the white races, there an; two others that should not lie
omitted:
(1) The various Indian bands whose statistics I have deriveil from
the report for the year endiuf^ June, 1808.
(2) Stiveral settlements of nej^roes.
For the clearinj,' up of many prol)lems in the heredity of mi.\, d
races, endless examples may be found in Ontario, and the student of
.uithropolof^y can there find a rich field for investigation.
A. F. HiNTKK.
Burrie, Out., J)ecember, 190U.
EASTERN DISTRICT.
Glengakrt County.
Groups of ImmigrantK. ToiviiJiifin wlinr netflcil. -._:.'^
French-Canadians '. . . Lancaster,^Charlottenburjr, Lochiel.
Scots (Hiirhland Catholics. In
1782. The ori}j;inal .settlement
consisted of bo Mac<lonaldH and
35 Grants. Some Highland
Protestants also settled in these
townships.) Lancaster, Charlottenburg, Lochifel,
Kenyon.
Irish (Catholics) , . , . . Kenvon.
..NTAIllO HISTOKUAK SOCIKTV.
4
Stormont County.
■ . . Tuwmhhs whevp ndtlal.
Gro.r-. of Imm,<jranH ^^^^^^^^^^^ Uoxborough, Fjnch.
Frencli-Canaduuis c'oruwall, Roxborouj^li, tinch.
.Scots (Hislilan'l) Cornwall, Osnabrnck, Uoxborough,
IriHh (CatbohcH) j,j|jp,j
V. E. LoyaliHts (Dutch and Ger-
mans from Schohane^.Y.). -t- ^^^.^^^^,^^,,
tied about 17S4 • ■ ■ ,■ ,
U. E. Loyalists (CJermans. Settled ^^^^^^.^^^_
about 17H4-)
DuNDAS County.
WillianisburiT, Matilda, Wiuches-
Irish iQi-_ Mountain.
U E Loyalists (chiefly Dutch and
Geruians) settled in 1784 ana ^^,.,jj^^^^^^^^,,^, Matilda,
later years
OTTAWA DISTRICT.
Pkescott County.
Hawkesbury (East and West).
French-Canadians Lon<nieud, Alfred, Plantagenet.
E Hawkesbury, Plantagenet.
Irish (Catholics)
RussEix County.
Clarence, Cumberland, Cambridge
French-Canadians Russell. , „ ,,
Clarence, Cumberland, Russell.
Irish
BATHITRST DISTRICT. ,
Carleton County.
Gloucester.
French-Canacliaiis *'• ' V
Scots (from tho centrn,! coant.e» ot ^^ TorWton, FiUroy.
..p^l'Mtur;Sen,c„t(cMeHy ^^^,^^^_._^
Scots, in 181G)
let.
ago
THE ETHNOCiBAl'HICAL ELEMENTS OK ONTARIO. 5
Groups of Imnuffrants. Townshipn where Hcttkd.
Iiish (Plot 'Htants from tlie north
of Ireland) Gloucester, Osgoode, Nepean, Marl-
l)orough, (Joulbourn, Marcli,
Huntley, Fitzroy.
Irish (Catholics) Huntley, Goulbourn.
Lanark County.
French-Canadians (25 families at
first : isolated, and now speakin(:f
English) ._ Lavant.
Scots ("Perth Military Settlement,"
ill 181 G) Beclvwith, Drununond, Bathurst,
Burgess.
Scots (Renfrewshii'e and Lanark-
shire weavers. Ahout 18.S2 many
left their rocky land grants in
Dalhousie and went to Siincoe
(.?o. and other westerly counties) Ramsay, Lanark, Dalhousie.
Scots (Perthshire) Montague, Beckwith, North Elms-
ley, Drununond.
Scots (from the eastern borders of
Scotland) Ramsay, Pakenham.
Irish (Protestants from the north
of Ireland) Montague, North Elmsley, Ramsay,
Pakenham, Beckwith.
Irish (Catholics) Drununond, Bathur,st, Bui-gess.
LT. E. Loyalists (a few along .e
Rideau River) Montague, North Elmsley.
Renkkew County.
Scots (Highland, the " McNab Set-
tlement." Formed about 182:i) . McNab, Horton, Ross.
Scots (Lowland, small settlement) . Bromley.
Irish Bagot, Admaston, Ross, Bromley,
Westmeath, G rattan, VVilberforce.
Germans (.settled chiefly in the
sixties) Horton, Bromley, Pembroke, Grat-
tan, Wilberforce, Alice, Sebas-
topol, North Algona, Brudenell,
Raglan.
Poles (small settlement in Hagarty
Township). P. O. Wilno.
Indians (Algonquins of North Ren-
frew ; population, 286) AUumette Island and vicinity.
Indians (Algonquins of Golden
Lake ; population, 91) Algona.
g ONTARIO HISTOUICAL SOCIETY.
JOHNSTOWN DISTRICT.
Gkenville County.
, Townshiji^^ o'here settled.
Group, of hnm.jrcmt. ^^^^^^^^
uf Loyalist; (^etUed in 17hV and ^^j^^^^j^^^.^,, Augusta, Oxford,
later years) Wolford.
Leeds County.
Elizabethtown.
Englisli • • Bastard. r\.n«Viv
Irish (Protestants) Kitley, South Klmsley, '^ iosd> ,
Irish (Catholics) (North and South.)
U. E. Loyalists (settled in 1 7«i and ^^.^^^^p^^t,,,,.^, Yonm-.
later years) ...••■ Escott.
U. S. Settlei-s (later)
MIDLAND DISTRICT.
Frontenac County.
Pittsburgh, Loughborough, Knigs-
Irish (Catholics) ^^j^^ \\'oUe Island.
U. E. Loyalists (settled in 1784 and p.^^^^^^g,,_ Kingston,
later years)
LENNO.K AND AdDINGTON CoUNTY.
Kaladar, Anglesea.
French-Canadians • • : • • •
iS (Catholics), 1825 and later ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ Ernestown, Cam-
years den, Sheffield.
Germans (from the Renfrew settle- ^^^^.^^^^ ^^y^i^ger.
u'e loyalists: '(^h^^<f-^f^
entirely from the State of Nevv
York Dutchess and adjacent
counties along the Hudson and
Mohawk rive^rs. They were o
„nxed blood, but almost all ha
some Dutch and some Oerrnan
Palatine, settled in 1784 and later g^^^^^^^^_ Adolphustown. 1 red-
years) ericksburgh, Richmond.
Quakers (from Dutchess' County, ^ , ^,t„^„.
N.Y„1790) ^
thk kthnor.rai'hical elements ok ontario. 7
Hastings County.
GroujJs cif Imviifjrants. TownshipK where xeMled.
French-Canadians Elzevir, Hungerford.
English Thurlow, Sydney, Rawdon, Madoc.
Irish (Protestants) Extensive Het-
tlement Thurlow, Sydney, Hungorford,
Huntingdon, Madoc, Marmora.
Irish (Catholics'' Rawdon, Tudor.
U. E. Loj-alists. (Extensive settle-
ment. In 1784- and succeeding
years) Thurlow, Sydney.
Indians (Mohawks of the Bay of
Quinte; population, 1,228) .... Tyendinaga.
Prince Edward Covntv.
Endish Hallowell, Marysburgh.
Irish (Protestants), from County
Down AH the townships, but Hailowell
chiefly.
Irish (Catholics) Athol, Hillier.
U. E. Loyalists (Germans), settled
in 1784 and .succeeding years. . . Sophiasburgh, Hallowell, Amelias-
burgh.
Discharged Hessian soldiers Marysburgh. E'orty families, most
of whom afterwards left.
Quakers (from Long Island and
Dutchess County, N. Y., and from
Pennsylvania) Hillier, Hallowell.
NEWCASTLE DISTRICT.
Peterboro' County.
English Asphodel, Otonabee, Smith, Douro,
Dummer.
Scots Asphodel, Otonabee, Smith.
Irish (Protestants) Asphodel, Otonabee, North Mona-
ghan. Smith, Douro, Dummer.
Irish (Catholics), Peter Robinson's,
in 182'* Smith, Ennismore.
Indians (Mis.si.ssagas,populat'n, IG-i) Mud Lake.
" ( " " 79) Rice Lake.
jj ONTAUKl HISTOHK'AL SOCIETY.
NoRI'HrMHElU-ANl) Cl)rNTY.
Gro.p. of Immiyra.f. 2V,.r../ap rrkere .4,1.1.
Enjrlish (m.n.y "^ them were re- ^,,i,^„^,^,i Han.ilton.
tired nul,Ury othcers, 1820-3.). HaUln^^^^^^ , ^^^^^^^^^^
^^9f " ; ; Haldimand, Hamilton, Percy, hey-
^^■''^" mour, Murray.
U. S. Settlers (1798-1812, from New
v"'^ I'SSJ^"'' " " Haldimand, Haunlton.
kn" anil otates) • , , . , •
IndkvnH(Missis.agas,populat'n,228) Alnwick.
Vktouia County.
,P i;,,,., .. Somerville, Boxley, Eldon^
trench-Canadians Boxley, Eldon, Fenelon, .Mariposa.
oLULnv/J'n Mariposa.
tensive settlement) ; •, ' ' •, ' ^
Scots (from the west Hi<,ddands. ^^^^^^^^
Catl'olics) SomerviUe, Verulam (a few), Mari-
Scots^i.owland)
, . , ,^ , , , ^ Son.trviUe, Bexley, Fenelon, Veru-
Irish (Protestants) »« ^^^^^ Maripo.sa, Emily.
T • , ,p ,, ,.K.«N . . Emilv, Verulam, Bexley, Laxton,
Irish (Catholics) ^.^^^^^^ Longford.
Irish (Catholics). Extensively . . . Ops, Kldon, Carden.
Durham County.
-^ V \ . . Darlington.
^,"^'^^." ; . . Clnrke, Hope.
krfHighland);V.-.V.-.V.-.V... Chiri^^^f £:^,, Cavan, Dar-
Ivish (Protestants) "-'wton Clarke, Hope.
HOME DISTRICT.
Ontario County.
English. (Extensive settlement) . . Pickering, Uxbridge, Reach, Brock.
S^tiilZiS™"^::-:::,: ^Sg.whithy.
Scots (Highland. Protestants. Be- ^^^^^ ^^^^^^ r,,,,.
crun in 1 o.i 1 )
TI!K ETHNOaUAl'HIGAI. ELEMENTS OF ONTAUIO. 9
Groups of ImmigvdntK. Toii'iifilnpx where svtlli'<l.
Scots (Hij^lihuul. Catholics. This
jfroup has soinetirnus bueii called
"Jacohites" in historical litera-
ture relating to the district) . . . Mara.
Irish(.sonie Irish Palatines in Brock) Mara, Brock, Reach, I'ickering.
Settlers from the United States.
(Dutch and Quakers. These ar-
rived at about the same time as
their companions in Markham
Township, viz., about 1805). . . . Pickering, Whitby.
Indians (Chippewas. Population,
28(i) Rama.
Indians (Mississagas. Population,
38) Scugog.
York County.
French-Car ulians (20 families). . . Georgina, North Gwillimbury, East
Gwillinibury.
English (from the west of England,
in 1820) Vaughan, Markham.
English (from other counties of
England at a later date) Etobicoke, York, King. Whitchurch,
Scarboro, East Gwillimlniry.
Scots (from Eskdale, Dund'ries-
shire, in 1800 Scarboro.
Scots (Highland) N'aughan, King, Markham, York. .
Scots (from Annandale, Dumfries-
shii-e, in IS-iO) Vaughan.
Irish (from the Js'^orth of Ireland) . Etobicoke, York, Scarboro, Vaug-
han, Markham, King, Whit-
church, East Gwillind)ury.
Germans (Berczy's GO families, in
1794) Markham.
French (Royalists. Twenty fami-
lies, in 1798) King and Whitchurch (along Yongo
Street, the boundary between tlie
two town.ships.
Settlers from New York State, in
1800. Many of these subse-
(juently were formed into a re-
ligious sect, the followers of one
David Willson, and known as
" Davidites." East (Jwilliinbury.
Quakers (from Pennsylvania, chief-
ly in 1805, though 40 families
came in 1800) King, Whitchurch.
jQ OJilAHIO msTOHlCAI, S.K:1ETV.
Group.^ of /"""'.'/'■"''^: ,. ,rk Vaugh.vn. Mnrkha.n.
l'o..Msylvania Dutch (in 1 «0.)) .... ^^^j^^j^^^ch (on Yongo Street)
Mennonists or 'I nnkiTs y^Mmu, Kiiif,', York, Etobicokc.
Necroes (a lew ) ,' V- ' .. "^
Indians (Chippewas ; population. ,^^,,,,5,^,^ ,,„a Snake Islands.
124)
SiMCoK County.
LVoneh-Oanadians (LoKun in 1H28) Tiny. Tay.
K..f,dish(l-.on. northern e^uniesc,! ^ ^^r, I'^'mli'^ '^J
En-land. Ue^mn in 1820j ^.^^^^ Medonte, Tecumseth, West
Gwiliiiubury.
Scots (from Sntherlan.lshi.v at first
Imnuj-rants with LordSelkuks
Red River -'--Js ^--^1" West GwiUin.bury. '
faniihes.about 1820,locatea ntit ;
Scots (from Islay, Ai-ylesh.re. Ht- ^^^^ Nottawasacja chiefly, and
mm in 1832) , families of the same migra-
tion into Me.lonte, Orilha, hunni-
dale.
Scots (Lanarkshire a'ld RenfiM3W-
shire, via Dalhous.e 'lownsh.p,
but in 1832. Many (Jlasgow
andPaisley weavers were among j^^^.^^, j,,^^,
ScSDumfri;ssiii;e:1832tol8.0) Innisfil.
Irish (begun in 1830. Protestants.
'18 1 lueijuu III • . ,,
From Ulster. Extensive settle-
inent)
Irish (Catholics, begun in 1830) . .
•<*h (fnmi Londonderry in 1850,
West Gwillimbury, Tecuinseth, In-
iiisfil, Essa, Tossorontio.
AdiZvespni. Flos, Medonte. Not-
tawasaga.
Innistil.
Ccrmans "(beg.ui with' 10 families, ^^^^^^^,^^^^^
in 1834) .• ■■-- Oro (20 families), Sunnidale.
Megrocs (Begun m 1828) . . . . • • • •
Imlians (Chippewas; population, p^^^^^^^i^j, ^nd Christian Islands.
206)
Peei. County.
English (from northern counties of ^^^^^^^^^ Chinguaconsy, Albion,
England) Toronto, Toronto < iore.
Albion,
THE KTHNOOKAPMICAL ELKMKNTS OF OXTAIIIO. II
Groups uf lviniigr(in(n. Townahipa when; settled.
Scots (Hif,'hlaiul, bo^'Uii in 1S18) . . Ohingnacousy, t'aledon, Toronto.
Irish (from the Nortli of Ireland,
Protestants. Kxtensive settle-
ment) Caledon, Toronto, Albion, Chinfjua-
cousy.
Grky County.
Kiif^lish Bentinck, Ef^rcniont, St. Vincent.
Scots (Lowland) Nornianby, Ej^'rcniont.
Scots (Hifjhland) Bentinck, Glenelfj.
Irish (from the North of Ireland.
Extensive settlement) Artemesia, Bentinck, Collin<,'wood,
Sullivan, Holland, Nornianby.
Germans Bentinck, Normanby.
Negroes (a feiv) Sydenham, Euphrasia, Bentinck,
Normanlu'.
DUFFEIMN Col'NTY.
Scots East Garafraxa.
Irish (Protestants, from Ulster.
Extensive .settlement) Mulmur, Mono, Amaranth, Melanc-
thon, Ea.st Luther.
Negroes (a few) Melancthon.
GORE DISTRICT.
Wentwouth County.
English Ancaster, Barton, Binbrook, Bev-
erley, Flaml)oro', Glanford, Salt-
fleet.
Scots (Lowland) Flamboro', Ancaster, Binbrook, Bev-
erley.
Irish Ancaster, Barton, Beverley, Flam-
boro', Saltfleet
IT. E. Loyalists. (Some Dutch or
Germans from New Jor.sey) .... Ancaster, Beverley.
Germans (from the United States) Glanford, East Flamboro'.
Negroes Barton.
Halton County.
English Esquesing, Nelson, Trafalgar.
Scots (Highland. Pre,sbyteriana) Esquesing, Trafalgar, Nelson, Nas-
sagaweya.
j2 ONTARIO HISTOKICAI. SOCIKTV.
. Townsliip>^ where Mded.
Groups <>J TwmigrnnU ■'"•^ t
Scots. (Be-un in IHlt) fruiu thn
bonier .li«tricts of Scotland : al.so
a few from Barnct, \ t. Part ol
Ks.iueHin<' is called tho "Scotch
Waticiu.oo County.
, ^ ,. North Waterloo. Wilmot.
French-Canadians Wellesley.
Ent'lish .' ' ■ ; ; i' V ' • '
Scots (Hij,'hland, r,a taledonui. ^^^^^^ i3„n,f,ies, Woolwich. South
N.Y.) Waterloo, Wellesley.
. , ,s . . North Dmufiies.
Scots (Lowland) Wellesley.
Irish Wihiint
Settlers from France....... ;•••■ ^^>'"'o^-
Uennans. (Begnninl820 bxte.j-
Hive Pait of this settlement is
called the "Amisch" Settlement,
having been made up ot the fol-
lowers of Ami, the chief seceder ^^,^^^^^.,^^ j^^^.^,^ ^„,i South), Wil-
of a religious sect) ; • ^^^^^.^ Wellesley, Woolwich.
• i /• iQf»i\ . . Waterloo.
Mennonists (in ISOl)... • • ■ •••••• w,,tprloo
Pennsylvania Germans (ni 1 NOO . . Watei loo.
Settlers from the United States
Hon. Wm. Dickson s (Shades) ^,^^^.^,^ 3^^,,^^^^.^,,.
.settlement, in 18lfa Wellesley.
Negroes
Braxt County.
Brantford, Burford.
English •■;;••;: South Dumfries.
Scots (Highland) . ^ Dumfries, Brantford.
Scots (border districts) . . . . ■ • • • ■ • ^°;^,^tf„rd.
ludi'ans (Six Nations; total popu- j ,^,_ Tuscarora.
lation, 3,929)
WELLiNciTON County.
English (from Norfolk, Suffolk and Eramosa, Guelph. Puslinch,
Yorkshire) ^ .^' Garafraxa, Peel, Pilkington.
North Welsh and Cornish Pilkington.
1)11,
nth
Wil-
Tlir, KIIINiifiHAPmcAI, KI.EMKNTS OK ONTAKIO. lit
Groapn of Imm'njrantx. Tawnnkips trhcir sitflni
Kiiyli.sh and Scots. (Vi<i SuH(|Ue-
' )na Count}', Fa., in Ifsl8 and
•i.'.; se(iui!nt yeans) Kraniosa.
ScotH (Paisley woavurs) in 1H27. . . Guolpli.
Scots (AbonlecuHhiri') Minto, Arthur, Nichol, W. Oani-
fra.xa, Erin.
Scots (Midlothian; Ouflph, Nichol.
Scots. (Hi<,'hlan(l. One settlunient
from Hadoiioch, InvuruL'SH, an-
other I'roni Loch Urooin, Koss-
.shircand a larjfe settlement from
Ar<;ylesi\ire) Pusiinch (extensively).
Iri.sh ! Arthur(extensively),Kramosa,Krin,
Garafraxa,(jluelph,Maryborou<,di,
Pusiinch, Peel (extensively).
(.Jermans (Lutherans) Guelph, Pilkington, Pusiinch.
(Jermans (Catholics) Pusiinch.
Pennsylvania Dutch Pusiinch.
Negroes (a few) Peel.
Tlie townships of Maryborotigh, Peel and adjacent townships were
popularly called "The (Queen's Hush," and were settled in the fifties and
sixties chiefly by settlers from older parts of Ontari<j.
aslinch,
ngton.
NIAGARA DISTRICT.
Hai.dimand County.
English (including many military
and naval otHcers Dunn, Cayuga (North and South),
Rainham, Walpole. "" ,'
Irish (Catholics) Dunn, Canboro, North Cayuga,
Oneida, Seneca, Walpole. ^
U. E. Loyalists Walpole, Seneca, North Cayuga,
Oneida.
Germans (from Pennsylvania) .... Rainham.
Indians (Mississagas who removed
from River Credit, Ont.; popula-
tion, 24(5) Oneida.
Welland County.
English Staniford, Thorold, Wainfleet.
Irish (Catholics) Tliorold, Humberstone, Stamford,
14 ONTAlllO MISTdUICAI, SOCIKTV.
Ui'oupH of Immirjrautx. Toiiuii^hipx wln'ir xvtllril.
V. K. LovaliHtH (1780-171)0) BtM-tic, 145 fuiiiilieH at first; Crow-
land, HO; HumhorHtoiu', 100;
Pulhain, 120; Staiiilonl. 140:
Thorold, 100; WaiiiMcet, llo
Willoiiyhby, <iO.
(iorinaiiH HuinhcrHtono, Hortio, Will()U<,'hby.
MogrooH (a few) Bortie, Stainl'unl, Willouyliby.
Lincoln Countv.
Euf'.iish fJraiitliam.
Iri.sii (Catliolics) Oranthaiii.
CJermans (JainHb(mni>,'li.
r. E. LoyaliMts Loutli, Niayani.
butler's Run'a-r'siin 1784) Xiafjara. 250 laiiiilies; (Jrantham,
200.
M.'unonistH Loutli.
LONDON DISTRICT.
Perth County.
French-Canadian.s (few) Lof,'an, Eliice.
Engli.sh (Devon and Cornwall) . . . Blan.shard, Downic, Fullerton.
.Scots Blan.shard, Downie, Fullerton, Hib-
bort, Lo^'an, Klina, Mornington,
North Eaathope
Ii-isli Blanshard, Downie, Hibbert, EUicc,
North Easthope, Morninfrton.
Ehna, Wallace.
Swiss rsuiall settlement) Easthope (North and Houth).
Oermaiis (from Waterloo County) . Easthope (North and South), Elhce,
Fullerton, Logan.
Alsatians (few) Downie.
Bri'ce County.
Scots (chieHy from Argyleshire) . . Huron, Kinloss, Culro,sH, Kincar-
dine, (ireenock, Bruce, Saugeen,
Elderslie.
Ii-ish Arran, Brant.
Irish (Catholics) Culro.ss, Carrick.
Oermans (Catholics)
Germans Brant, Carrick.
Some of the Port Elgin first settlers (Saugeen Township) were
CJermans from Waterloo.
THK ETHNCXJRAl'HK AI, EI-EMKNTH OK ONTAUIO. 1ft
Gi'DupM of Iiiiinlijrantn. Ti>\rnnhlps trlierc Htttlnl.
' IiulianH (Cliii»|)owaM ; population,
•^^^^ ) Saujjoi'ii.
Indians (('liippcwrH : ])Oi)nlation,
,S!)S) Nawiish.
OXKOHD COITNTY.
Enfilisii (Lincolnshire) Hlonhciin, Blaiulfonl, Kast 'Aovvn.
Uxl'onl, I)urt,'liani.
Scots ( Prott'stant ) Sntlu'ilan<l-
shirt', etc., hut many here aroaiso
from th<.' Hthriilus, (.</., Hist., ami
are thcnil'oro caih'il " Cisttirs."
The latter arc Catliolics in reli-
gion. The initial Ili^'hlaud set-
tlement in Zorra consisteil of 150
familieH Blenheim, Hlandfonl, /orra (Ka.st
and West), and East Nissouri.
Irish Derehnni.
Settlers from the Tnited States
(liejjun in I7!i:{) Blenheim.
Quakers (from tlie I'nited States).
Extensive settlement Norwich.
Germans East Zorra, lilenheini,
Negroes South Norwich.
HUKON CoL'NTV.
English (Devonshire). There is also,
a .small settlement of Enj^lish
from Wiltshire in ColhorneTown-
ship Hullett, Stephen, Ushorne.
Scots (hoth Hiffhland and Low-
land) Goderich, Colhorne, A.shfield, Mc-
Killop, Grey, Stanley, Tucker-
smith.
Irish (both Protestants and Cath-
olics) Ashfield, Goderich, McKillop,
Wawanosh.
Germans . . . , Howick, Hay, Stephen.
Huron and Perth counties formed what was known as the " Huron
Tract." It was settled by the Canada Company, beginning in 1827.
J0 oNTAUIt) m.STOKICAI. suClinv.
Ki-aiN CouxTV.
(iroiipx of Jinmiiiniitln. TniniHhli»i irhnr kHIIi;I.
fcyji.vi Ilayhaiii, Malahiilo, Sovjtliwolil.
Hadn V('isi;lil< .ii. 'I'lioRc in AM-
boronjjl, fi< fi'tJiu l/M-i Scl- . , o .1 1 I
W^rtcsHed HiviT ImUI.1), Aldhoiou;;!!, Duiiwich, Soutliwolil,
Viiniioiitli, Soutli I )()rcli('HtiT.
|,,j^j^ Diunvich, Soiitliwolil, Yaniioutli.
Settlers from the V'niU'il Sfates .. Bnyb'iH/ Malalii.lr, Vminoiitli
(Soutln iiImo a Imv ol tlic tirst
settlors III tlioHouth of Dniiwicli).
^Vnnsylvtiiiia Dutch Miilahidc
Oi'tttalV^ (iiioHtlv Kvaiij,'t'lical
i.utli. n.f»^) Xi'Un-auKh.
The " Talbot " Sottlcmont was tlio jffiiefal natiu" ^ivi'ii to the ter-
ritory ill wliich Kigali ("niintv is situated. In the rorniatioii of this
setth'iiieiit {'(.iouel Tall.ot firran^n'd that Howard Township (Kent
County) sliould lie settled alternately on the checker-l)oard plan, so that
settlers of the same nationality should not receive farms side hy side.
Nolll'OLK CoUNTV.
p^„„li„lj \Voodhouse,TownHcnd,Walsin<j;ham.
jri^iii . Walsinj,diani, Woodhouse.
Germans (I'rotestant. from Wir-
temberj;, 80 families came in
1X47 Middleton.
U. E. Loyaiists, about 17!»:J Woodhouse, ("harlotteville, W'al-
sin}.jham.
This is what was known as thp " Long Point Settlement." Many
came from New Jersey, see No. 2 " Papers an<l Records," Ontario His-
torical Society.
Middlesex County.
Enjjlish Lol^O' Westminster, McGillivray,
^ North Dorchester, London.
Scots (Highland, mostly Presby-
terian. Extensive settlement). . Lobo, Williams, London, Ektrid,
Mosa, Caradoc, Westminster,
West Nissouri, North Dorchester.
Irinh (Catholics) Biddulph, McGillivray, London,
Nissouri.
Settlers from Genesee, N.Y. (about
lj^30) Williams.
Pennsylvania Dutch North Dorchester.
TIIK KIIINOdHAI'linAI. KI.K.MKNTS OK oNTAUKi
Oroii/m of Jinviiijiinifti. Tini'DMhi/)" nli, rr sitllnl.
IiidiaiiH (( 'hippo wtiH, popiiliitinii,
447) Citmiloc.
Iiidiiins ( MiiiiHi-eH of tlio Tlmincs,
p()|iuliiti()n, 120) ('ariiiluc.
ludiiitis (OiifidiiH ; popiiltttioi' 8()H) J)clHWiiri',
17
WEsTKRN DlsriUCT.
KSSKX Cni'NTY.
French-CiumdiaiiM (al)out 1750) .. Ainlordon, Maidstoiu', Saiulwieli,
Muldi'ii, lk(JclieHtt'r, West 'I'iltniry.
Eajjlisli (from tlio iiortlieni cuiin-
ticH of Kn<,dand) MaidHloiu', Mcrsca, (JoHtield,
N '^rooH t'olelii'Mtor, Kawt Sandwicli.
Indians ( Wyandottcs) Andcnlon.
Tlicse arc siiitl to lie the old 'rohacco Nation From (Icorj^ian May.
Tlioy iiavo ciiicHy moved to the Western States, loMvin<j a inipiilatioii of
only ten.
Kent County.
Frencli-Caiiadians (from the Prov-
ince of (Quebec, about hS-'J?). . . . Dover, Kast Tilbury.
En<j;lish (Northern counties) Ilomni-y, Harvvicli, Howard, Orford.
Scots (Lowhind) Camden, Chatham, Harwich, How-
artl, Urford.
Scots (Selkirk's " Baldoon " Hicrh-
landers, in 18()U ; 1 10 persons). . Dover.
Settlers from the ITnited States
(mostly from Pa., of German
origin) Raleiiih.
Negroes (two settlements) Raleigh, Camden.
Indians (Moravians of the Thames) Orford (population, 354).
(Chippewns) Walpole Island (population, 624).
(Pottawattamies) " " (population, 18 1).
Lambton County.
English Bosan(|uet, Plympton.
Scots (Selkirk's Highlanders) .... Sombra.
•Scots (Renfrewshire, Lanarkshire
and Perthshire, about 1833) . . . Sarnia, Plympton, Moore.
18
ONTAIUO IIISTOKICAI- SOCIETY.
Gr(uii»< of Immigmnta. Townah'ipx where mitM.
jj.iy], ' Moore, Plynipton, Warwick.
Indians (Cliippewas : population,
44y\ tiosanquet, barnia.
In Sainia Townsiiip there waa a settlement on the Owen System,
" of having all things eonunon," the system having received its name
from Uobcit Owen, the apostle of co-operation.
THE NEW DISTRICTS OF ONTARIO.
Hamiututon.
French-Cana.liuns Lutterworth, Minden.
English Lutterworth.
An En.'-lish land co.npany obtained a block of townships in Hali-
burton for settlement. Those consisted of Ouilfonl, Harburn bruton
and the six townships lying immediately north ol these. Here, however,
as elsewhere throughout the province, the bulk ol settlers moved Irom
parts settled earlier.
MUSKOKA.
Freneh-C^u.adians B'vxter Gibson, Freeman.
Settlers from older parts of Ontario In all the townships.
Indians (Iiwiuois and Algon((uins,
from Oka, (^ue. ; population, 125) Gibson.
Parry Sound.
French-Canadians Wallbridge and five adjacent town-
ships, Nipissing, Hiinswortli.
Germans (Catholics) Gurd, Nipissing, Himsworth.
o,.,;^^ Ill the same.
Settlers fromolder parts of Ontario In nearly all the townships, though
spar.sely in many.
Indians (Oiibways of Lake Huron) Parry Island, population, lOIi;
^ ' '' Shawaimga, population, 110;
Magnetawan, population, 70
Henvey's Inlet, population, 19!).
Nipissing.
French-Canadians Papineau, Calvin Bonfield. Ferris,
McKim, Blezard.
FVench-Canadians (repatriated
under Father Paradis, from the „ „. , x • , it i
Western States Caldwell, kirkpatrick, Hugel.
tM.
ck.
II System,
its naine
:)S in Hali-
rn, Brutou
e, htiwi'ver,
lOved from
1.
acent town-
isworth.
'orth.
iiips, though
iition, 103 ;
ition, 110;
lation, 70
lation, 199.
field, Ferris,
Hugel.