IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 11.25 l^|2.8 |50 "^* IIA 1^ 2.5 22 2£ U 1 1.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREEi WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 iV ^^\. '^ ^. ^\ WrS ^ .^ •1>\«^ ^ ►^ ^^ CIHM Microfiche Series (Monographs) ICMH Collection de microfiches (monographies) Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 4 Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a eXi possible de se procurer. 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Thoae too large to be entirely included in one expoaura are filmed beginning in the upper left hand comer, left to right and top to bottom, as many framea aa required. The following diagrama illuatrata the method: Lea cartaa. planchea. tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre fllmte i dea taux de rMuction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour itre reproduit en un seul cliche, il eat fllm^ i partir de Tangle supirieur gauche, de gauche ^ droite, et da haut an baa. an prenant le nombre d'Images n^essaire. Las diagrammes suivants illustrent la mithode. 1 2 3 32 X 1 2 3 4 5 6 M- Sis: mMW^^ ^i , X'v V- OFTHE ^rtCcbontrt ^^1.nnn(|$ UPPER CANADA. PRINTED FOR THE PROPRIETORS ift 1838. '^ ^- >ii£ t SKETCH CALEDONIA SPRINGS, % UPPER CANADA. PRINTED FOR THE PRORIETORS, BY J. STARKE & CO. MONTREAL. 1838. TABLE OF DlSTAxr^ Bv Water. . t"^'-««'' Montreal. St. Anne, 21 1 30 {45 (24 Sf >» . Pnint p 1 !— I ^' -Andrew* SKETCH OF THE CALEDONIA SPRINGS, UPPER CANADA. Whatever can in any way have a tendency to alleviate the many evils to which humanity is subject, cannot be too fully described or too widely disseminated; and, it must be readily admitted that the variety of Medicinal Springs distributed througli every habitable part of the globe, are justly entitled to a high place among the bless- ings with which human misery and suffering have been tempered. Indeed, so evident has been the benefit derived from these Springs, that the hale and young, as well as the sick and infirm, have, by general consent, fixed upon them as fashionable points of congregation. Nor is this at all surprising, when we consider the variety of inducements. There the philosopher, at a single glance, may contemplate almost every variet\ of character — there tiie gay belle may display her attractions '" the conceited dandv— tho i i , • ^eed-like ca„o. din, Zw.. " ' ""'" ''"" '"'^ -ha. are .el.lo. associated™;:! ' I"' l"'' '""' re-spectaUe society. ' ' """"' '''""' "'"I caLt-ri;::™:::;' •";. -i-'- .- ^,0,!., „., "r""g»> out to mention in n ..i • "Janner, a few of thp m . ' ^'" ^'"' «""pli' :"------:a::r^^^^^^^^^ "- g,v,„g a passin, gUce at ti.eir hist:;'. "" """• about the Kar^80«. T,t';::^:f:f "' ''"""^''^-- and turbid s.ream_the drain of „ 7' " °'" ^'"^'^ Ihe woods and surface of T , "'"' ""' '"'''"-'and, >■» uuu surtdce ot which, toi'ethor wifl, tl. i . from the waters, strongly indicating an 1 ^^"'''' retrion Tl, , "'"'cating an extensive metalllf ^oion. The weary hunters drank lustily of th. ''"t their effect was such as to I« . .u ^ "^^^'"'^^ ' had partaken of a i^ . ^'"^ '' ^'''' ^^at tiiey t' laiien 01 a poisonous draucrht Mr r .1 "^ ever, was under the in,,.ressio„ that .he ' ''°"- ™pregnated with salt • a„d Jf, ' f ^ T" '"■""*'''>• brought hi,„ s„.e of the : tc!^ 7^; t" ' ''"" evaporation and the sedimnnf . . ^ P''*'^'*'^^^ ^f . No farther noticetTalT:'":,: T"" '?= ^'^ time, till, at lenL^th . n, . P''"»' ^"'^ ^^^e '^-whe„e„:S':rh:::r;:r'.-r"p°" and smell of the waf<.r« of. , ^ ^ ''"«"'^'^'' ^aste his curiositv. but tl T " "r"^"'"" ^"^ --J^ed ' ' ^"^' "' the absence of scientific knowledge 'If «])ort his accomplish- re-worn man "» "lay find, f'lOLT, and •ulogize tile and simple performed ; t the sanii' ow'i to the iced them, 'Hgbenver, of a black able-land, e deposite ^ metallic e waters ; that the} int, how- stronglv a squaw [■ocess of be salts, or some le upon 'ar taste excited >wledge and resoareh their virtues were left to accidental develop- ment. Their purgative qualities gradually reconunetided them to the neighbouring inhabitants, and it soon became apparent that, in many diseases, their powers were vt-n jjreat. These facts were not lost upon Kellogg. Naturally shrewd and intelligent, he was aware that these S[)ririgs must eventually become celebrated and eminently useful, and that emolument must wait upon the exertions of anv individual who had sutticient means and energy to make them accessible to invalids. Unfortunately for himself he inherited neither of these qualities. However, he erected a shanty near the springs, and on Sundays the adjacent woods were crowded with hundreds of the idle and af- flicted. At length something like a habitation v/as erected for the reception of visitors, and although the accommodations were almost enough to make invalids of the healthy, yet the extraordinary cures effected, brought great numbers of respectable persons from a distance to test the validit\ of their pretensions. At the time the Caledonia Sprli.::':, were purchased bv Mr. Lemuel Gushing, (on accoun. of himself and others) in 1835, the place was in such a state as to render a visit a severe punishment to any who were not willing to sacri- fice their comforts for a far more important consideration — their health. On arriving, the visitor found himself in the midst of a few irregular half-cleared acres, diversified with blackened stumps, decayed logs, and brushwood. At that time there were but three buildings of any descrip- / 1-"''" "f » two s„,ri..,i f . :: , '!'"""""' "'' "' ''" 'I'c. H.,.si..,-„„_,„„ „„„, ,,,^__, • „;-"'-."-.„ ,„„,,,,,„^ "-0 unfavora,,,; drc, 1 """ ' '""' '"""Uks.,,,,,,,-,,, lo tl,o,„. """*'a,„-es, groat numbers ro,,„r(od » "f ™."f..«; a,„l at'.,, „::.„'';:■" """">• "-""". an '-■-* from H„ „,„; ,„ „i , ■- |'"«1>-' "f receiving aeco,„n,„,la.i„„s, and that kindlv a. V""'"'''""-' "' «"«' "le afflicted. '^ ""''■"""" so ^rratefnl t„ Although ,„,„,j. ..„„•„„ |,v,ici-,„, I ,, . vracos and United Ste,,,, ,„^ ^ \ * '" ""= P™. ■•-■on that the.e watt ^ :', J::""^ "l--^ « oo„. T":'" ""■">- -s oom,„c,j . „ 'rr t"""-^- ^■'-■' "° Portant ta^kwas performed l,v J R ^ .',:''™ ''"^ ™- N---. York , a gentleman e„d,;„ f " '""' ''• ^- °f Pracfcal knowledge of cl,e,„i.tnT ^ "''™'^ ""d -'"f»«ory to .,,„ ,,i„„^->^ 2"-""^ Lave been as proved practically beneficial to !t ,"' ™ '""' '"^''"■•o vi"...a.,d,a/.hea„sr:::::„''"''':'''-^*« completed h as- "l> in all tJ,^. "'i numerous 'f'cril)(r |,„t jj *n no resident ' was almost ^^itlistuiiding ''-'rs resorted med into a ^ the " Ca- »^ stock of ^^'ince that ase by Mr. sinning an 'valid may receivin(»' 2 of good fateful to the Pro- Btl a con- y, yet no this im- f. D., of nts and heen as before ted the ed has- tily, Imt with tho most scrupulous care, and miinite atten- tion, those familiar with such subjects may form conclusions of their relative merits by coinparinf^ it with the comj)onent |)arts of other celebrated Waters on the Continents of Europe and America. The small stream, from the bed of which the Sprin^js formerly arose, is now turned aside, and forms a tributary to tlie Attican, whoso waters answer the purpose of turning a mill in the vicinity of the Springs. Dr. Stirling, a gentleman who now resides near the Springs, and who received his professional educati jn in Glasgow, first ascertained that the Waters of the Gas Spring would ignite. Ho took a cask to his own residence, and, on extracting the cork, applied a candle to the hole. Tho gas immediately lighted, and burned so strongly that it became necessary to extinguish it in order to preserve tho cask. Apart from the intrinsic merits of the ditfercnt Springs, tho Gas Spring is much the greatest curiositv to tho more tourist. By the present proprietors it has been sunk to the depth of ton feet, and the bursting of tho bub- bles which rise from it may bo distinctly hoard, at certain periods, at the distance of one hundred yards. It is now in contemplation to light the principal hotel from this Spring; and the analysis is quite sufficient to establish the practicability of sucii a project. During the development of inventions and discoveries, few are found ready to hazard an opinion, even amonw the scientific and talented ; and fewer still are hardv onou