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I II I I I I I. . . .■I. — I I . wtmm>m,m^, \ n » i i n i > LONDON: Printed. //(T^ ^ //^ 5 O iJ T O N : Re-Printed, and Sold by ». • and S. Draper, in Newbury- Strffct ; Ede« and Oihh in ^icen-StruS ; & T. & J.f LiJjET^ Jn CornbiU. J 7 64. I' \ . '^T r . 1 o I K >■ f '■- i*- ^ s 3 A N ANSWER T Q Dr. JMayhevJs Obfcrvations. r i ( DR. Mayhewh ^ Book is written* partly ag^inft the Church of £/f^/(//ti in general ; partly againft the Condu£^ of the Society for the Propagation of the Gofpelf in fettling Minifters of that Chur<;h in the Majfacbufetts and (UnfieRicut ; partly againft ap- pointing Bi(hops to refide in his Majefty's American Co- lonies. The nrft, though not formally prppofed by him as one Head of his Work, appears to b^ in his View throvigh- out the whole of it. And if Satisfaclipn be previpufly given to candid Pcrfbns on this Point, they will be bett^ prepared for conHdertng the other two. He objeds againft the Conftitution at)4 Worfliip of the Church of f/r^/dW, as unfcriptural f Now even b^id he atteniptf d to bring Proof of this* it wouki only lead intp 9 long Difpute, very little conne£led with his prqfe(7e^ 3ut^{ti and into which he declares, // wa4 h no Means bis ^ *JPeJign t9 enter ^, But inftcad of Prppfs, hc contgnts himlelf with bold Aflcrdons, reproachful N^n^cf , and lu- difcrpys ReDrefentatjons ; a likely Method ind^^d to plea^ ab? PreJHdiCSdi and carry the Thpu|;ht|e(s a}opg with him, but * The ,<^ot(|tSoM oat of Dr. Ma^hevt't Obfcrvauont are taken fmxa ijtt i?i^/i^diiio8.wKid) cootaiot 147 Paget. thcAntiriaan bath i ;6 1 4 ^n Anfwcr to Dr. MaWe^ .btttnoC to perfuade the Cooilderate and Judicious. What* ever the DoAor may chink of our Church, it hath ever been highly honoured by foreign Proteftants. The Jjitherans prefer it to the Calvtnift Communion, the Calvinifls to the Lutheran t the Greets to both : which may fufficiently judify the Exprcdion, underftood in a Latitude not uncommon, that all other Perdiadons ef^eem it next to their own f. And further, moH;, if nor aU of them, blame the Englijh Diflenters for fcparaiing from it. The Doctor feems to entertain the worfe C)pinion of it, becanfe the Members of the Church of Rtme likewife efleem it more than they do others *. But we have to reply, that they hate it more al(b, as the mod dangerous Enemy to their Caufe, and ftrongeft Bulwark of the Reformation. If there be fome Appointments in it, which the Scripture doth not require ; (b have there been from the firft in the Church of New-England too, as may be fcen in the Appendix to the Hiftory of that Country, written by Mr. Neale, a didenting Minifler : and (b there are in all the Churches of theWorld. Ours hath not many things of this Kind, nor lays great Strefs upon them : and to chink in* if i^'rent Things unlawful, is as unreafonableaad as fuper- iluious, as to think them neccflary. He fpeaks with Horror of its enormous Hierarchy^ af- fcendin^ by various Gradations from the Dirt to Sites t ■' and rejemhling that of the Romiili Church, in which one j^reat prelate frejides over the whole $. What he means by the former Words, belides indeterminate Abufe, per- haps he could Jiot cafify explain. That there are diffe- rent Ranks of Med in civil Govemnient, was never held Co be an Objcftlon agaiuit it : ;ij]d where is the Harm of it in EccleGadical ? In the Presbyterian Hierarchy, one is raifed conGderably above another^ though the Preference uraally may be temporary : and tlieir A^s of Tower have been as enormous, as thofc of the Englijh Btlhops former- ly ; andiire much greater than thofe of the Englijh Bilhops now. In his favourite Compsrifoo of our Church to the Romijhf the Doftor quite mil!akes the Matter. Not one, but two Prelates, prefides. over the Church of England ; and four over her SKler Church of Ireland : which grie- voui]y t Pag. 1^6. • p. 127. X P '5$. J p. ^7. ' 4 t 4v |v I An Aiftxm fo Dr. Ma YHEw'j Ob/ervatiom, s voufly CfOAh the Similitude, thtt he would make out. And all thefe frefiie in SubordwatUn to the kinji^ at he well knows ; tnoush he dKingenuouHy hints a Doubt of it by his ironical Words, I hope* \ ac the fame time that, I be- lieve^ he would deny it to be in Subordination to the King, that He prcfides over the Weft Church in Bofton. As to the 'Dirt, which he mentions : If fome Clergymen of our Church are very low in the World, fb arc fome of every Church ; nor do they deferve Scorn for it, but CompafTion. And that any of ours are to high, as to do Harm, or caufe Fear, by their Elevation, the Pcrfbns. amongfl whom they live, find^not : and he, who is placed lb remote from them, had better judge by the Experience of others, than by his own heated Imaginaiion. Bifhops, in his Language, arc the mitred lordly Succe/^ fori cf the Fijkermen ^ Galilee §. Now if Mitres offend him, our Bifhops wear none. If they are ftiled Lords, ir is becaufe, by the ancient Conftitution of our Country, they fit in the upper Houfe of Parliament : where. 1 believe, they arc thought as ufeful Members as the rcf!. And I know not, whether the Doftor's Modefty would propofc, that our Conftijuiion fhould be altered in this refpcft, or whetlier a much wifer Man could forefeetheConfeqaences of fuch an Alteration. Men may be Lords, without being lordly : and they, who have profeffed to abhor the Nime, have carried the DKbofitionof domineering to the Height; and lorded it over tie Confciences and the Liberrits of others, as much as any who have worn higher Titles. "What Intimation lies concealed under the Terms Fifker* menof Galilee ; and whethf r, in the Do£lor*s Opinion, all ^'liniflcrs of Chrift are to follow (brae Traoe, he hath not explained, nor told us what his own i& But certainly reviling his Brethren is a very bad one. He alio charges the Church of England mxh Perfccntion; and particularly with driving outtheAnceflorsof theprefent Inhabitants of New*Kngknd into that Country f , Now it !8 a Matter of Notoriety, that theLawfulncfsofPcifecurion is no Doctrine of our Church : and there are few of its jMembers, if any^ now, who approve it, or do not deteft it. But we mud acknowledge, that, when the Errors of * the • Pag. 6ar. § p. 138. t P 129. »h 4 jfn Atifwer to Dr. M A ff E w'/ Ql^fermfoifs. theChurfih pf J^mi were C9(l cC thw wai npf HUfne^li^t^ ly perceived to be oims by ^Imoft ^y of cbo Proti^finit Cpmmuuions. Xbe Church of Ermtand wrs bv^t li)^^ pthers ; and the Did^m^rs from ic haq npc the Xs^Si P^rep more of a tolerating Spirit, perhaps not ^ fpuph. There were amongft them peaceably Men, and (b there were a^ mongft us. But in general their avow'd Aim was, npt ]£xemption for themielves, but the DeftruQion of the Ec« defiadical Eftablifhment ^. On this they were treated - too feverely, and they returned the Treatment to the full, as foon as they were able, in the total Overthrow of Church ^nd State. Far from exaggerating, I chuft iK>t to finention the Particulars of their Behaviour. Evesv good Man muft lament the Faults of both Sides ; but to inveish againft one with Bitternefs, and leave it to be imagined that the pther was innocent, which the DoAor doth, 1 hope h^ will ftt on Recollection is extremely unju(l. In the Platform ofD'tfiifUne, agreed upon uf the Synod 4^Cambridge i;t New-England, in i<$48, and publifheq by Air. NeaU^ in his Hidory of that Country, it » declared, that Herejy is to be reftrained andfuntjhed by the Ctvi/Mt' gijlrate ; and that if any Churches grow fchijmaticah or walk contrary to the Rule of the fFbrd, he is to fut forth bis coercive Power, as the Matter fball re^uiret* Accordingly "Mr.Neale himfelf very honedly confefles, that theChurches iber!y of Confcience^ than their jidverfaries ; and that the 'Queflion between them W0S ngt, whether one Party ofChri- ft tans fhould bpprefs another J>ut who fhouldhave that Power, ^ JMay, the Quakers affirm, that they tt^bo had loudly cried out * See this fully proved in Mtddox't Vindicatioa of the Church tf England. \ Vo\ II p 306 t Vfl. ir p. 148, 249. § Vol.1, p 3J4' II Ibidi p. 329. , i\ AnAnfwi^ toDf.MA'f h bw'/ Ob/ervaii6ns. j •f the Tyranny gni Optriffion oftbi Bljhops in Old En« glands frem 4vbotn tkeyfiid, when fettled in a Place, where they had Libiriy to gevern, made their little Finger ofCry' eltf bigger t Ihart ever they found the Loins of the Bi/hofi.^ Dr. Nuyhew indtf^ iaith^ that Stoerities were ufed againjt theQyaUn, Muih left under the Notion of their being'Dif' fenters from //(^publick Mode ofJVorlhif, than of thei^ bein^ Dijhtr^ers cf the Peace and religious ^J/^mblies\, But (till Seyeririef were ufed tgainft them on the farmer Accouhc ; and rhey jodly obfe^Vd iii Mr. Neale, chat 0§hottg ci chf) latter Kind have never been thought wohhy of Death by any civilized Nation t» But the DoAor a(ks» Aiptwfing the N^w Englonders to have perfecuted the Quaktfrs^ From whom did they learn this Practice f Efifco* fdliitm certainly fhould lay their Hands upon their Mouths §. Now the plain Truth is, that all ProteOants learnt thii Fra£Eice from the Church of JRomf^ ind all Ihould lay their Hands upon their Mouths. But the Doflor hath no Right toopehhisaswide ashe pl^fes, and require us to fhut ours. t Qod. be thanh^, the Memb^i^sof our Church ar^ gtbwti wifei^ and niilder ; the Difl^nters in general, lam fuUf perruaded>are(btoo.* tod it ishi^ Tim^, chat fuch oT cx>th iWiieSi as are not, (hould. But Perfdrniinccs, lik6 the Do^hn^s, catinot furely coiltribut« to this good End t^ mongft <^ith^« Heikfl&res us indeed it the Beginning, that he hvStiz Regard to Truth andjuftici,^\i\i an jiver* fion to Co/ftrover^ f ; and at the End, that he honours aandidand moderate Men of all T)tnominations, and would not iihfiecej^rily give Offence to any Per fin of the Eptfcopal Perfuaftdn\, One muft fuppofe, that he believes himfelf ; arid as far as is pofTible, 1 would believe him alfo. Some Perfbns are ftrangely TubjeA to fudden Guds of Palfionl and iay and do Things in them, for which they are hcardly forry die next Hour. But were this the Doftor's Cafe in writing, he would blot out the injurious EimreiTions which had dropt from his Pen. Therefore his Malady hath a deeper Root in his Frame, and influences him more con- ilantly, though if may be without his perceiving it. For I ,f Cr^ntt IVeftc^ tP Bi/hffl'% NrvyStiniand In^fjiA. t p 79- :t: Vol. I. p. 331, 332. § p. «•. f p. 7- I P Ml- 8 j4n j4nfwer to Dk M a y h k w'/ Obfervaiions. r lam excccdintly unwiiJing co think, thtt he infcris hit <]uaiifying ami healing Ciaufes with an artful Defigi to pro« cure himlelf a Difpenraiion for Kis Outraget. However that be, his ProFelGons.thar he doth not intend to do what he hath been doing juA before, und doth again (bon after with all his Might, are ProteHations againii Fa6^, which cannot be admitted. «* ,but whatever Concediuns a Gentleman of this Turn • makes. taliis Adversaries, are to received with greatRegard, for any may be (urc they are not too larae. Let ut ^lercfore begin with thefe, in confidering his Remarks ^on ' the Charter and Conduct of the Society. • > ^ . He owns, that // hefignio fhew that they have infome refpfCls counteraSfed the Rnds of their Jnftitution, he adds, hcu'ever contrary So ihgir Intent tion^. JHc-haih alfothefee/^^reis Words : That tbg $9^ ciety have chiefly fent their Miffionaties mto ibpfi BritiilaL Plantations^ * P;«. 12, 13. t V 3'6- X f 46. ; i p. 7^ i\f fj. 4\ ■ f V ons, rts hit topro- o what n after which Turn Regard, Let ut rks ^on tofupm ^meri- tad the Iharity Savtt' e been Name, nd re- three p(hire» b been in the gbt be nd he 'ts and by no ub any. rMo^ Agaia lingfo fe af 7 fhew, nds of Inttn^ be S9^ 4\ w aU&nSy \P'f3' Phmafiohs^here'fhey w^renvtch fteedeU,aA^A)^tVt1k(>Ut Ih/igff iff their ffijftfutf^ ; an^ fhtii itfty 6ms btNb^fi^t^ the mirejj (fReiigioh in tf^n^hbymifieani dehied : n inHf^ viry cH^ihiiil to (hiy fheih the Frdiil\ that is juftb iiti'ib thm m this Refped. 1 honour t\A Dbaof ft)r tfc«te l\^ ftiiiccfe bf Gandol- ; and if he hid prcfehYcd th* filinb1|^^ ftt- throughout, (hould cith^ havd had hb CdmiMi^HV with Mm, or haVe engaced in the frifchdif Debttt^^ Wkw t^i^afbrc : Whereat now the fVcqa^c and copibus lOSVifdittt ^^a badSt^rit in his WoHc make (v^h A^rtii^tHioftts liftoti \\\^ unavoidable, as I %idiM otheflK'ii^ gladly hitb fjAit^; Hts Chni'gc ^tl th^ S^ci^ty is, that they have 'maintaimf Epffc^pdl Ghf/rches, where other Prvheflant dhttrebifJ ^^ hjbn piled, and the Athninijlratihn of God's WhrU itnif Qrd^dfices prwikmies, NbW this t)di(5iti, infurfiianei otwhiehj he faith, thty haifehiH ^r^tiiMeafur'eneglededthe Ends ef their Irfffi' tHfron,^ is falVeJjr afcribed to thcrti. iTifcy have hevei? formed a Sqheme to root out Prefbytcrianifm, ^c, m. ^M Goldnics, either by Fbrce, whicti the Doftbr cbttM not faeHWi though the Word ttiofl: rtatiwtly fiiggcfts it, or t^ek by Argiiinehe and Per/uafibn. Uiidoubt^ly they would be v^rjr glad, if all th^ Ifihabirdnts were oJFth* Cofnitmhioii , ^the Chufch d? Enghhd: as tindoubtfedlt thfe Ddftbf ^feilld, if they \^erc all bf his Gofmnilriibn, Btit thdjr hiiVe feht ho ^ferfohs to efft:6t this. He atteriipts tb pro^ the tiftkrirf from the folloi^lng inftrtiftioh, ^veh bf ttldfti to their MilTiotTbries : fhdf (hey frequently vift Mr yegtifi" the Pdr't/hioHers ; tfyoji ^ oh'f' tUvH Oommitnibn, to i^ ihhii phdf in the Prtfmntind'Frdaide of keligiim, a} MWJ^ ii^ tfie Cf^urch tf Eftglatid ; th^'fhist o^fe us.orm'^ ftofn iis, U cdfhihce aAd rklaiffi ibem with a iptrtiofMi nefs itMQmiinefsl\ His Words on Mi Gecifibri k^6V This cleu^)- flf^hvi, ixsikt they a^ tft^Y, ft nvtft- dffom O^^rkMf^^i ihdi WlL m eonftd^Hd as Fdrt/BtoHeH of We Mjimdrres, ito left ihdk fr}ifep3 Efifcefdlidhs. Md iffP ' - ' -B • . tf^' ' if' *J- *" Pag' 86. t Collc^lioDof Papcw, prI»U(J l?y Prdei of t^e Society, jp. 24» to. j4tt Anfwtr to Dr, May HE-w^sOi/irvaimf, I \ {lru£tion plainly relates, not toMiifionaries fettled in P^ bjtman or congregational Partihes, for there, wei^e none fo iettl^^d when it was dtawn up, but for Incumbents of epif- copal Parifhes, though with a Mixture of DiiTdnters. And they would of courfe underfland, that endeavouring to con' vince and reclaim the latter wag not to be their /lated and principal Bufinefs, but occalional only and incidental, vlf the Do^iior (hould happen to fpcak of the Epifcopaliaas re* Tiding in his Pariih, as Part of his Patiihioners, and fay, that he (Iiould endeavour to reclaim t hern with a Spirit of Meeknefs ; would this be a Proof, that he was fixed there with z formal Deftgn to root out Efnfcopacy in it ? If t^iere be Initances, in which MifEonaries, who have no 1^1 Pa^ riihesy have ufed the fame Language ; (for he quotes nonc^ and I remember none) it only follows, that they have ex* prefled themfelves improperly, and 0iould be fet righ^ whep it is obferved. -5^ Another Evidence produced by the Doftor is, that irith^ Aumnt of the Society ^ publifbed in 1 706, after Jpeaiim ^ the independent Congregations in Nev/ England, theyjay^ •* Several other Ways of Divijion and Separation Sdfbmuch ** obtain in other of our Colonies ^ Plantations, that this madf ^ it more necejpiry to think of providing for a regular and *^ orthodox Minifiry^ to promote^ as much as poffibk, 0n ** agreement in Faith andWorJhip?^ This^ he Saith, can ffiean nothing, more or lefs, than Uniformity, or a general Conformity to the DoSlrine, Difcipliue and Worfhip of the Church of England.* I have not been aWe to procure this discount, or to learn by whom, or whofe Order, it was com- piled. But the Paflage quoted from it, exprefly fpeaks, not of independent, or any Gragregations in New England^ but of other Ways of Divifton and Separation in other Cobh nies, and therefore is nothing to the Doftor's Purpofe : be- lidcs that, as much Agreement as pojible, in Faith and Wor^ Jbip might be far lefs than a general Conformity to the , Church iPa^.£9. 'p. 86, ^7* . 1 »,^ i Ai^ Mnfvurta Dn Ma yheV/ Objcrvaiioi^> i i * '•■'-■'.. . ' ' , ' Churfb afSuj^tmd ; which it might be impoffible to obtain*, ' and jm aiQdnr-an Approach to it as could be obtained, nn^lt^ eten k his opinion, be more deiirable, than lettbg - them contiil^e in their prefent Way. For how bad that, wa^app^ursinotf^ ' ^Thc rTTrQil Conduct of the Society, with rcfpeft to Pro- vinces aiicl Biriihes not epifcopal, hath been, to contribote , towards ^ftipportii^ publick WorlHip and Infthi^on a^ mongft fuch Members of the Church of Eng/and, as cannot . ii^ Confcience comply with the WoHhip and Indrudion of the other Congregations in their Neighbourhood, ^ndyet^ cannot wholly .maintain Minifters for themfelves. The moil of thefe will ufually be in the mofl confiderable Towns ; and for that Reafon it is, and not with a View of making Converts, as the Do^or pretends,^ that epifcopal ' Miniilers are fcttfed in fo many confiderable Towns* of New England, But they are fettled no where, till a com* petent l^timber c^ our reople inhabiting near, requeft it, and fubfcTtbe what they are able. Nay, thefe Requefts * Have often, both formerly f and lately, been rejefted, or poflponed for many Years together, when the Number did not appear to be fufficient, or the Society apprehended, . that too much of their Money was going this Way. And Were it but known, as it feems to be in fome Meafure'to the . Diflenters themfelves, { how continual and importunate the Calls and Expoflulations of fuch Perfons are, the Impartial would wonder, how the Society could withfl^d fo many of them, as it hath done; Thefe are plain Evidences, that MifHonaries are not fent to New England for the Purpofc; of making Profelytes to Epifcopacy. Accordingly, which • is a funher Evidence, they have no Dire^ons, publick or private, given them to make any, or to preach at all upon ' difputable Points: but on the contrary, one Rtde laid down for them is, that they keep always in View tbepreaf Defign of their Undirtakif^,\iz, to promote theCloryrfGod, ana the Salvation (f Men, by propagating the Gq^iofour Lord and Saviour ; || and anomer is, that the chief Sufy'e^ Ba of , 'P Pag. 46. t See Humphjt^s hiftorica! Account, p. 61, &c. X See Mr. Hobart\ fcrious Addreic, p. 1 3 3. 1 ^8. fj CoUeftioQ . ff PaperK, p, 20. «' :A- 1? -^-(^f4f*P«!M>^WiK^'' <^W^^ J?o^ cap .^Mjf on»i^ eg^lY ^iiRffBPllf»***^«WI-^' dons of the Society, thus manifefted. S^^rat 9$ tj|^9t»^ haj^ in4epd. ipi^Ke^ highfe^ S38^f^ie% pgffelp^ ^ fe tltit %e ijBumf^ODed i^ mh »^tf?m\^r» in< ideir ht»&i^ 9fli t^4g)f which tfeiy %yft:WM:tiPI Wnflf^Q^^ 93»r«f-k4 t^lPerfoQs, whj? p£ t¥$ir <»«R> Acc^^i frar» Ciwdofay' or oUscr M9tives,^^^4fi4 ifh ©r if ihryHOW ^d thca do- jiii^n^,tl>€in|l^ asiR^kJr^ CQ»¥$r^ t)ini9jQi& meaitiod: ;hi9^ «i th^ Eoi' fof whicjj ^^ were ^p^m;^ Di^. ^^bnfdn^ ope of t^ ofoefl, <^ t^eia^ ^o(e^ i^ .t|0$ ^ ^e fp^ iji theie Words 7 ^«r cktefjind frqh4 Buftn^i, k^ frfifitijitc BlfsnUrs tax tht S^rfjb^ if E^^dX^-'-Qur cj^^, bujtne/s />, P6 niniftifr to^ ^v^qre^ Chfircb Beppki a^if ti)is pmves theiOccd* A'^^^i^^'^^J'^S ^ ■W)^^'^ «X *^ W what maynat^alfy Si e3i^jsi\e4i, wmn tfyiy, by_ i/foi m^nst hsvt Opfortumty h /%WV^^. /;^ Mv^ntagf ifo/kour Side.\ And^Mr. Be/ub^ 9j^i^ almofl; i| np^ qi|ice> as o!d« faith, Uis not tb^ J?6&* ^^hf Cbnrt^r* tbal tMSockty JhouldfiiidMiJ^on- Of^s tffi ^o^an Pih m^. %Hi k tb^Tmtin ^fda/liife Truth.^: Accdirdmgi^ JI^L ''^§1^;^ e4»!Sta>l.e JVftSoamy : tifes. the fdiowing WDr « Jjm- f Colfeftlonof i»3pcrs, p. 63. \ %f. to Mr. fi<»4^A#*s Vindicaiioil, ♦^11 are- K* cells us he is faid to have done, that he dejires. n0 (» m0i0i m S^i^fim th0. i9^g^^'^m4 Ghmi^f TFte Di^«»or I^pr to tM S(ifi0tyt ^fukufn 4((;^^m^ i^kipQgf^tMgimm ojftky a Qi^qr qf SQ9»imen|9 i» Pei^s^^Q^Qfhitir 9 tahtor;. and a.^ Di^^poifttmea^ Aii^mM e^ Uppcss^^whkK fee <}plh iiRt: appjtai? (0 have«(tH«mlutti o^^ii^i9g to^ our 09^. PeGfilc .^ Thi9' I>o^ bfKciNit' Niii'i dgodi wliti ma]f, fc#n> Oc Prefiijnptui^of th^ tlWIipary^ ^him fi(tfx^.ti,nlS^rruUG^ m th&Teimof C|f»bndge #iiSy 4#v t^tlf^Sff^cefofthtiCfjtir^hi^f^jii/e^t^.t^ $m"m M»$ riq^r^feQted to th.^ 2^1^^ tl:ia$ 5io SKdilktiflliiiag, %QWSs^: aftd, l^ghl^jujrfipqi wcr«i' drfw» I61 9tfieiA'ife: AM'ihot^id tfe^ prove much^ fewrecv )fet f^ttc IqU fti# the jtoeiti "Wfifdt twfi^^f tkd J^c/f DitfditdR hkMe te. The DbaxM* ifMle^ ^nl V^y Mc^m t^fdCi^M^ tfli m the pcK)tEpirco]^!tans (hall not 4jetiMy ^tA. Aikd 0lceep on even Terms with hifh^ itt do not iimnih p^^ ^&y that none ofthefeh^h e^ar been the Cafe. Btit ti^ ihiiftinfifl; that the farodrable Prcfumptioif it the prefer fiApjeone, and that Men^s P^dfeifion^ tottcenning theit dirn Inducements, trt CO be credited, uniefs the contrary i^art; which, acctyrdmg tp the bed Ihtelligenee th^ co^d be got, we bdieve it hath not ordtnai'ity done, in the Matter nb# under Conltderation. On ohe ttf thdt Hi^^, /Ptntfhe^ theDodtoi* ekpiains himMf, by ftying^i fiikt ttiU tji'ttf mi mii; iKilftf iht 6pi/ei9pdikiiti M j^mhil^m^ RHtnitt t^i^ti^ btit fe^/i^ ^pfm tf thirhm €krgy, Efftfeopaey madei^iit tifmiB^i and chat if ihtyifi4 Mn eiempted frm afi 0^&ii^ taxes m the Sffifkii^iarii almdfi aU^bo Mei itkir MifUf Mftr than iti^ TUfif ^, m^htin m Pjurfi ofufi^Tnirf bMl oBcmd the Cmmnhn »/ M wtBtebf. IBut what needed iSttt^ #hdio^ed thei^ Moh#i^ Hfecer thalft any Thing ^e, tdrn £|)lfii6^1iaM to iWe It^ #hen turning Queers wdtdd hsiire ferved the fante F^^ {K»fe matt e£%natty? And haiva any Ef^eopairinj turned % X Cor, XIV. ze. jj Xiom. niv. 4, t ^p- 47. t p- 49. Attd prtfe* f thdt Hie, in ' thdi \n m vt % turned 1 An Anfwer to Dr. Ma y h e w / Olfirvtitionf 17 turned Quakers, when they found their former Change would iecurc them no longer } If nor, this Si]g|^e(lkio J9 unauthorized and unwarnmtable* He declines giving any receni Inftanea of Mens adding upon the Motived «vhich he allcdges, bccanfe if you will believe bim tobe To fender, o)done8,\given by another Perfon^ may be left invidious. Of thcfe he produces two, from a Letter of - Dr. Celman of BaJioHi written above 50 Years ago to Dean, afterwards Bifliop iC^nfl//. And he obferv.es rigbt- Jy, that the Dean in his anfwer exprefies his Belief thac •they are true. Btit be plainly believed it only on the Lv •formation of Dr. Colman^ a perfect Stranger to him % nor, Tan any Inquiry into t4ie real Truth be made now. Ai^ I beg Leave to obferve in my Turn, that according tp Dr. Mayhew^%o^n Account, Ibr I have no other, the ^Dettn thought the ^iety was authorized t9 plant fpifi^- rpMlChuukes^ where, though there v/asafotiltdM^mJhyf tikrC' ^»enz\kkgotdNtimktrSy who toidd not in .Can- feienci ionftrm to the Ways ofJVorfiiip diffvrtnt frfiifi, tie eflabUftiid Cbwd> 1^ England^. Therefore aflening, -that the true and only Defignof the Society, in jei^ii^ •Miflionariesto the MaffachuJHU and ConmStuutt haijb ^always beet»^ co prolicide lor Aich Petfon^ is not^Oj&yv >Pl«a, ie^vttp«o (^ve a Torn. The Dean had g^od Op- portunities of knowing its real Purpofes ; and fo worthy a Manas Dr. Af^^i^w aliowi him to be, wOuld nothave ' written as he hath done, if he had fufpefbed any further infidious Scheme. Indeed the Society, far irons having ^fofioed a Pfoje6b to epifcopizc ( as the Do^or calls ^) 't\m Country, Imd but three Miffionaries In it {even Y^rs affcer; and the following oOes went upon noipjthf^r < Errand than the firft. After faying that the abovemcntioncd Caufcs product Fadionisand Parties, and they produced epifcopal Scp^- rationsi the Doctor goes on to £iy, that divers «/ the Mi§i9n$ries have hun much injured^ (which thcTf i^ P^ IRmfinU fuppcfe) if they havi mt Jutti ^tm PH&Jn^^ « t>; C fomenting ••^£; 10^55. " '■ '^ " . :: t I I ■■¥ iS j4n Anfwer to Dr. Mayhew'j Ohfervations. fomenting thife BmJions\ yea^ been at the BotMm of them f. But I take the Liberty of maintaining, that there is great Reafbn to fuppofe they have been injured* For in all fuch Difpuces it never fails, but each Side injures the other; and the Miflionaries would be very fure of having a double Load of Calumny thrown upon them. Still, that feme of them may have been to blame in this rfefpe^, is not only poflible, but, confidering human Nature, too likely. And if any where it can be prqved that they have been iujy Bodies in other Men's Matters^ or ufed bad Arts to promote a good Caufe, they ought to be reprimanded, and if they amend not, removed. But the Doctor, confcious that Mifbehaviours of parti- ticular Perfons would not come up to his Point, charges the Society ttfelf with manifefiing a fufficient Forwardnejs to encourage and inereafe jmall difaffe&ed Parties m T'owns^ upon an Application to them. And this, he faith, appears^. But how it appears, he bath not faid, nor can I inoagine. ^ The Society hath never been made ac- quainted with any of the little Quarrels in the Towns of New England \ and were ttiey to know them, they are cod remote to give Diredtons about them ; unlets the Dr. call mfake it ap(edr^ that they have givien their MiHIionariiis si general Dire£tion to inflame them all^ as much as they can. Perhaps he may think that no other Caufes can be sA- ledged^ than fuch as he hath produced, for the Inereafe of Epifcopaliansin thofe Paits. But this would be a great Miftake: Though the firft Planters of New England were Separatifls from our Church, many ConformilU to it can^e afterwards to fettle there ; and fome of them, as I am credibly informed, were to be found fifty Years agp» in almqft every Town ijf confiderable Standing. Thefc new Comers were defpifed and reproached for their reli- gious Principles by their Neighbours ) mod: of whom had been taught to*t)>ink cheChurch6f£ir^/^Mi nearly as bad as the Church of i^^m^. Thus attacked, it was natural . . - that tp. 47. * I P*/. if . 15. _ t ^»|^47« itions. '*m of ;• that njured* injures fure of them. in this human prqvcd mrs\ ought noved. parci- charges ardnejs ^ies m le faith, }, nor ade ac- ^wns of hey are the Dr. ionari^s as they 1 be^- ncreafe a great Dilh to em, as irs agp, Thefe iir rdi- )mhad as bad natural that yin Anfwcr to Dr, M a y ii EwV Ob/ervatioits, i ^ that they Ihould endeavour to defend themfelves; and procure fuch Books as would enable them to do it better. Some of the more candid and inquifitive among the Pre/by terians and Congregationalifts adventured to hear their Defences, and to read their Authors ; were convinr ced by them, and became Churchmen. As their Numr ber grew, it was natural that they (bould endeavour to procure themfelves Minifters, and on their Rcqueft the Society helped them. This occafiooed a fiirther Aug- mentation, to which alfo contributed greatly the wild EnthuOafm that prevail'd in feveral of the New England Churches, even before Mr. /i^/&i/^^/r i! ^0 -^Ji Anfwer to Dr, M a V h £ w V Oh/irvutiCH^, fir tbt Sake eftbofi eompsraiiveiy /rw e^Mfiitnthitj P^t ^, ^0 whom the Meojls of Fieligion^ to be bad in the Pro* nftant DiJ/entifig Commumens^ are no Means^^^tbey bave a Rigbt to do it But he inflfts that the Society hath nor, ibeir wboU Fund and Revenue being otberwife appropri* ated i which he undertakes to prove fcom their Charter* ' Now I acknowledge that the Cafe of the New England -£pirco]jalians, is not particularly defcribed and provided for m thei' harter. But fo neither is c heCafe of an y other /m&'^iifx, than fi ch as are the King's SubjeSs^ and People living in bit fiantations and Colonies^ fortothefeonly the Letter of the Charter extends \ and in refpeft. of others^ Mr. Aptborp might juftly fay, that Indian Converjeons are undirtakeM by tbe Sotiety^ as it wire «x abundanti. Vet Dr. Maybew is fo f;lr from blaming the Society for applyioi; Part oif their Benefadions to the Indru^ion of fuch Indians as only border on lus Maje(jby*s Duminions, that he blam^^ them greatly for not applying more of it to that Ufci:^ Now if their Cafe, which cxifted wh^n the Charter was granted, and yet is not named in it, may however be looked on as comprehended within its Inrentioi), and ob- tain Relief by Means of it in Confequence of the generail Principle on which it is founded, mucli more tmy that of the £pifcopahans, which did not exid and was not fbrefe^, arid therefore no Wonder it was not named. Though it was not exprefsly mentioned before it was in Being, ftii) if, when it came into being, it was included under the Kea^n and Equity of the Purpofes which arie exprefsly mentioned ; paying Regard to it muft be un- derftood to be allowed >bv the Charter, and virtually di- fcdted in it. Fo/ir the Rules of Law require that Grants of Pr4nps, and parrjcularly Grants in Favour of ReKgion, be interpreted as liberally as may be*. And thijs far, I conceive, Mr. Aptborp^ rightly aflerts, that tbf Soeitlty bave a difcretiopary Power of inakin^ Ahtrations in siHr i^fiitutiin \ nor do 1 believe that he measit to carry it ■ \- fiirehtr, ♦ Sefc thofe Rules 'MiWcod^iIrfiifittej of civil Law, latrod.c. 13. Sea. 3, N® 13, 17. ' , V •>'''.'■■ ■7. . ' fePro* iybsvt ch not, propria hjtrter* Mgland dedfor I in Hi •of the ^ptborf makeM faybew Partcf ^ans as [er was iver he fnd ob- generail ay that vas not naiticd. was m ipluded lich arie be un- aliy di- Grams eKgion, s far, I Sodtty in thMr carry it FurcW* )d.c. 13. ^«Anfwcrio Dr.l/ih^H^Ws Qljfirvatkm. 21 furthec* however unmercifully Dr. M^ybiw batb trcate4 him t on the Suppofiuon that he did. ^ If it be doubted, notwithftanding the abovementionedi Argument it fortiori^ whether the Cafe of the New Eng* land Epifcopalians Comes within the Charter or not, 1 brg the Reader^s Attention to the following additional Con- (iderations. The King fees forth in it as a principal Rea« fon of sranting it, ihit for Lack of Support for Minifiers^ many 0f bis loving SuhjeSls want tie Aiminiftration of God's H^ord and Sacraments. Now muft not they who lack Support for fuch Minifters, as they can with a good Conicicnce attend, want the Ad minift ration of God's "Word and Sacraments ^ Would not the Generality of the Prtji^teriam and Congregationalifts in NewEngland think they wanted it, if there were no other than epilcopail Churches there ? And why may not Epifcopalians think in ^ like Manner ? And can one imagine, that when tt^ King's Subjects abroad* ConformilU to the Church cftah bliflied in England by Law, were, without their own Fault, and merely through their Situation and their Po^ verty^ unprovided of fuch public Means of Refigion sis their inward t'erfuallon required, it could be agreable to lus Royal Will that they fhould be exchjded from the Bef- nefit of this Charter ? But further, the King recited tha(C Fart of his People, through the foremendohed unhappV Circumftances, Jeem to he abandoned to 4lheifm bnaH" fidelity^ and others are in Danger of being perverted to Popifi> Snperfiition and Idolatry ; atnd both thefe Things he was detirous to prevent. Now dotti not the Doiftor think the Enilcop^liars, when they have no MiniHersfn whoie Mini&racions they can acquiefCe, muft be greviouIN liableto the one or the pther ? Particularly, mud not thdle of them be in great Danger of Popery who, as he tell^ u^, prefer that to the Worfhip of the prevailnj^ Party in Nei(0 England ? And muft it not be prcfumed that the Charts would hsyeguarded explicit^ againtl ^heie Evils, had th^y been Ibre^n ^ But further Hill, the King declares, that 4e t P»g. 110— 116. '^■h U"* ' H i^-^ 4% ^H Anfvvcr to Dr. Miii H E w^/ Obfervathns. ^« /i&iffi^j 1/ is bis Duty as much as in him lies ^ to prompt i Sfre Glory of God hy the InfiruStion of bis People in tbi Cbrsfiian Religion, Now will oot this be more fuHy cf- fefted if the Epifcopalians in New England are in(lru6bed« than if they are not in(lru6ted P And ladly, the King pro- pofes, that for accomplijhing tb/s Ends intended by the Charter, a fufficient Maintenanc/e be provided for an or* tbodox Clergy to live amongft bis Subjects in tbefe Parts* I do not lay the greareft Strefs on this lad Claule, becaufe it fpeciBes only what Sort of Clergy (hould be fenc, not to whom they (hould minifter. And yet, if the Intention was that only Clergymen of the Church of England (houl4 be employed, (and public Authority, I believe, hath oever directed others to be employed) it mud furdy be intend- ed likewile, that all the L^ety of the CKurch of England^ who could be benefited by them, (hould. Here indeed the Do^or objefts, that Ortbodoxy^ in its mofi common Ufe^ batb no Reference to ecclefiaftical Polity^ But fuppofing that, why may not the Charter ufe it in its original and not uncommon Signifiqition, of right Notions in religious Matters, whether they relate to Faith or Mo- rals, or Worlhip, or Church Government ? The Head ^f an epifcopal Church cannot be deemed indifferent about any of theie } efpecially in forming a Corporation, into which, I believe, no one DiiTenter was by the Charter ^adnnicted. But he obje^s again^ that King William, tho* as Head of the Church of England^ there xt/as a Necejftty of his externally conforming to its Rules and Difcipline^ .cannot be fuppofed by orthodox Unifiers to have intended . tbofe of the Church ^/England, in Difiinff ion from othersf. Thus he i$ ple^fed to reprefent, for the Sake of his Hy- pochefis, our glorious Delii^erer as a mere external^ and coofcquently hypocritica] Conformtfl : though it is well known^chat pn his Death-Bed he was attended by Minifters of our Church and no other, and received the Sacranoent from a Bishop's Hands. Nor, I prefume, is the Doftpr ignorant, that he fettled lool. a Year on an epifcopal Church * page 60, f page 20. tions, promote in tbi uHy cf- rudted, ig pro- by the an Of' Parts. jecaufe nc, not tention I {houl4 h ocvcr intend- " ^ ■ y, in its Polity^, \ it in its Kotions or Mq- c Head fical^uc on» into Charter im, tho* Neceffity Ifcipline^ intended otbersf. his Hy- ij/, and t is well ^inifters cranoent jDoftpr rpifcopal Church yfn Anfwer to Dr. Ma yh e w'/ Obfervations, 23 Church at Botfcn-f ^ which clearly (hews* that he thought epifcopal Churches proper Objedts oi Royal Bounty, evca, in Places where there was a fettled Miniftry of anotiier Sort before. A nd his Succedors to this Day have thought in f^he lame Manner. But had he been ever fo rigid a Nonconformift, every Word of his Charter muft have bern interpreted, not by his private Opinion, but by the Spirit of the Laws and the Conftitution. The Dodor pleads alfo, that divers of the New Eng- Und LawSi relative to Minifters, in wbicb tbey are de- figned as ortbodox^ have bad tbe Allowance of the King § And had the Intent of thefe Laws been to enad, that they were orthodox, the Plea would have been of fome Weight. Rut where the King only alTents to a Bill, framed for a- nother Purpofe, in which this Word, ufed by them con>- cerning themfelves, is to be found, his Connivance at their Ufe of it, againd which it might h#ve been hurtful to ob** jedt, can never (hew, in what Senfe he ufes it of his own Accord in ^^Englifi Charter. He faith likewife fromMr. Hobart^thsX if we think none hut tbeClergy oftbeCburcb of England are in a legal Senfe ortbodox MiniSiers^we may ba informed bpw tbat Matter was determined by tbe King in Conneil, in tbe Caufe between Mr. Macfparran and Mr. Torrey*. But the Council did not declare the diiTenting Nfinifters to be orthodox in the legal Senfe, but in the Senfe of the Donors of the Land in Difpute. And this Anfwer Mr. Beacb gzvt long ago to Mr. Hobartf, But the; Do^or hath chofen to repeat the Qbje^ion, without taking Notice of the Anfwer. He urges alfo, that if we deny tbe New England Mi- ni fiers the Title of orthodox^ we muft deny it to the Mini- Jiers of all other Churches, except perhaps that fdy agatnft theDo^^kie tjf unconditional Reprobation, and the Extravagancies of * ^»j. 20, it, 6i. t ^'^. »r. 20. § p. 60. 1^^'TS,' 77« Si ^ -1 ^ yin Anfwer to Dr. Ma y^ e w*/ Ohfirvation^^ 25 the Antimmans^ and that the Artlcks quotj^d aifert neither of them. But this Acculation ferved a dpubljp Purpbfe; of intimating firft, that Mr. Aptborp rubfcribcd the Articles infincerely, and then affcding to bring him cfFby a Subterfuge, of which he hath no Need, . that poffibly be bath (thtre4 his Opinion Jince, I have dwelt too long, in Compiaifance to the Dbdor, on the Term orthodox. Now I proceed with his Ffoofs of the Society's Mifconduft. He allcdges, that Br, Bray took great Pains to inform bimfelf of the State of Religion in the Colonies \ and delivered it^ as the Refult of his Inquiries^ that be found no need at all of Miffionaries in Connecticut and the Maflachufetts *. This a^ain he quotes from Mr. Hobart \ and a^ain omits to take Notice of the full Anfwer which Mr. Beach had given 10 it four- teen Yjsars ago, in ihcfe Words : ** I grant there was a •• Time, when, as Dr. Bray faith, there was little cr no << Occafion of fending Miffionaries to the Majfacbufetts •* or ConneQieut^ bccaufe there were then few or no *' Church People who wanted a Minifter. Yet now the ** Cafe is very much alter'd ; and as there are fome thou- ^* fands, fo they are like to incrcafe f." Had the Delign of the Society, in fending Miffionaries to thofe two Go- vernments, been to make Profelytes, they would have thought there was mofiNeed, inftead of noNeed,to fend, when there were fewcft Church People in them. But they fcnt none for ci^ht or nine Year^, as Dr. May hew himfclf obferves §': and they have fent them afterwards, jufl; as the Necelfities of the People required ; not to pro- pagate the Peculiarities of the Church of England^ as be pretends jj, but to preferve a due Senfe of Chrillianity, ,and perform religious Offices amongft its Members. . . The Do<5lor ajledges alfp, that in fome Churches^ which according to the AhjtraSfs have been reprefented as grow- ingy flouri(hing^ and increajing in Reputation^ for near half a Century y the Number offtated fVorfhippers at this D Bay •* Pag. 41, 42. t Second Vindicatien or Addrcfs, p. 67, 6S. § P- 44. . II p. 43. , I, i^ yft Anfwrer to Dr. Ma yh e wV Obfervationsi JOay very little^ if any Things exceeds ten tr ttmlve' famiUei* Yet he tells us himfclf, that in 171 8, which is not half a Century ago, there were but three Miflions in all New England^: : and every one of ihcfc far exceeds that Nun)ber of Families 5 as do the latter alfo, if we if w« Riay believe Accounts, as credible as the Doftor*Sy who, though he denies thofe of the Miflfionaries to be true, confeffes, that the direSl Proof of a Negative infuch Cafes, is no eafy Matter*. The Society wi(h, and endeavour to be well inforqied, concerning the Number of Families in every Miflion. If they are mifinformed only in fome few Inftances, it is neither a great Marvel nor a great Objeftion. And if they apprehend many Miflions to be more confiderable than they arc, fincc Epifcopacy thrives fo. poor]y,theDoftor hath noReafbn to be alarmed about it. For fuppofing thcnfv to have en- gaged in the Enterprize which he imagines, they will ccrtkinly grow fick of it and abandon' it. But indeed t dojj^t, wnctherany cnc of them ever dreamt of what he 15 picafed to fay bath lang been, their formal Defign^ the true Plan and grand Myftery of their Operations in New England ||. , Another Thing, aflcrtcd by him, is, that after epifco- jpal Congregfitions in fome Places have become well able tojupport their own Minifters, the Society have ftill con- tinued to pay tbefe : to which he adds, that/i&^ only Rea- fon, why he doth not come to Particulars^ is^ lellitjhould fern tpo invidious \ and that this Conduit of the Society for fome Tears, proved no. inconftderable Means of increa- ftng the Church party %, Now the Society hath always been defii-ous to know, when any Congregation became able to lupport itfclf without their Help; and have never continued their Contribution, when they have under ftood . that to be the Cafe. If their Friends have been too (low . in giving them Intelligence, which may have happened, and the Dodlor will favour them with any, which on In- quiry ihall appear to be well grounded, they will both be * Pag. 48. t P' 44. ♦ P- S3. I p> 49. ■ § IW3. Ax Anfwer to Dr. M a y h e wV Ohfervathns. 27 be thankfol to him, and fliew the WorJd that they are far from wifhmg to incrcife the Church Party by prdfufc Liberalities. 'The DoAor exaggerates the Fault, with which he char- ges the Society, of mifapplying their Money, by alledg- ing further, that they have done no Good by it. He de- clares) that i&^ never knew an Example of any Projelyfe fnm iheir Churches to ourSy being brought back to a Chrijf- 4ian life : but that there are numerous ones of Perfons^ whofi Morals^ though exceptionable hefpre^ were much worfe afterwards 5 that they often become loofe^ profligate^ vain and cenforious^ feemingly placing no fmall Part of thtir Religion in railing at their congregational and Pref )tyUrian Neighbours*, Now in Anfwer to an Accufation ©f the fame Nature, brought by Mr. Hobart^ Mr. ^eac% h!\th ferieujly declared^ that he hath known many Perfons who have greafly improved in Virtue by the Changef. And fiother worthy Miflionaries have declared the fame Thing. The pp^or indeed will perhaps treat me for producing -Mifiiooarles, as he ha;h Mr. Apthorp for producingMem- bjers of the Society, as Wttneffes in what he calls their own Caufe§. But the Teftimony of its Accufer i& not more ^milTible. The Zealots of all Parties^ and thofe o£ his own at leaft as much as others, are mighty apt to fpeak V'ith oyergreat Sevetity of fuch as forfake them. And if the Doftorhimfelf doth not place fome Part of his Reli= ' gion i^; railing at the Epifcopaiians, it is very hard to ac- '.count for his pradifing it^ fo much. But bcfides, the Que^ioR is not, whether Prufclytes to the Church of Eng- land gj^ovf better^ but vyhether the Members of the Church of England would not grow worfe, if they had no dated Miniftry to. prevent it. Inattentive to this, he urges further, that fwearing, ga- ming, &c. are beyond all Comparifon more frequent^ fm'ce ■ the Church y?/ England prevailed there, than before*. Yec Mr. Bei*f;h faith, he is perfuade4, that f olid ChripanV ir- D 2 ' tue^ ' ■ * Pag. 82. t Firft Vindication 01 Addrefs, p. 43. § p. 9, 70 i is if ^ I 4 ^ .|H^;7»: l> *' :|y- 28 ^H Anfwer to Dr. Mayh ewV ObfirvatioHs. iuij as well as Knowledge^ increa/es, as the Cbtfrcb gains Ground in the Country i and tb'ou/ands of People are really hetter'd by it in tkeir moral Cbara^erf. But fuppoiing the abovementioncd Vices arc more frequent fince that Time, fo I fear the|e and others are in England Iince the Revolution and the Toleration. Bub Would |t not be very wicked to afcribe the Increafe of them to either of thefe ? Arc the Miflionaries Examples of Vice ? The Doftpr hath not dared to fay it. Do they preach in Favour of Vice ? Are they not as diligent and zealous to the full in teach- ing moral Duties, as the Miniders of his Communion, if not naore fo ? And why then are the Imnioraliiies, of which he fpeaks, tb be imputed to them, or the Society, or the Church «)f England^ when perhaps his own Prichos are as much degenerated as any r H^ declares indeed, 'that be will j^ot affirm that ibis is greatly tit,eWork4if4he Society. But he hath done his utmotttd make others thii^ it ^ and, I Tuppofe, itpigines that Epifcopalians defervic no better Treatment. In one Thing however he hath dealt very fairly. , After ex pre fling his Perfuafion, that tbere is lefs real Religion in thofe Parts ban tbere would bave heen^ bad it been funk in tbeOcean^ he adds, *tis not to be fupfofid tbat any Epifcopalisns can he cftbis Opinion ; neither is any Strefslaid upon it in the prefent Argument*. ^ ''^- Mr. Aptborp aflerts that, inftead of Harm, the New England Mlfllonaries have done great Good there ; that the religious State of the Country ismanifeHly imfrovedy-^ 'though mtfcb ir^deed regains to be done in Manners and Piety. And here tiic Dodlor, with his ufual Charity, reprcfcnts him as making a Conrejion^ tbat this boafted Reformation very little^ if at alh confifts in the Improve- ment of Piety and Morals^. Then he proceeds, with- out any Gccafion given him, to a mock Defence of the formal Air^ which he admits ihe old Divines of that Country had, compared with the jovial Countenances which f SecoQd Viodication or Addrcfs/ p. 6c. ^p. 96, p7 f ^. 73* An Anfwcr to Dr. Mayhew'j Obfervations. if ^ which he afcribes to the Mifllonaries f. What the Dac« tor's Countenance is, I know not ; but I wifli he gave as good Proofs of a ferious Heart, as the Miflionarie; jii general do. That Religion wore a gloomy and uninvi- ting Appearance amongft the Puritancs there formerly, and now wears a more pleafing one among their Defcen* dants, and that in part they have learnt this Alteration for the better from the Members of the Church of England^ the Doctor, I prefume, will not deny, though he will not permit an Epifcopalian to fay it; and Mr. Apborp did not mean to fay more on this Head. What he faith in the next Place, of the Improvements lately made there in the fpcculative Do(^rines of Religion, the Doctor endeavours to conftrue into a licentious Infuk pn their Fathers vndi Teachers, living and dead\ \ of which Mr. Aptborp had evidently no Intention, though he doth ufe a Urong ExprefTion or two, which probably wcpe not meant even df the dead Teachers at large, but of the wild S^dlaries with which that Country abounded}. At ieaft they cannot be meant of the living Fathers, be*- cault he both owns and pleads that the Faults, which he blames', are amended. And after abufing him for fome Time, • the Doctor himfelf allows, it was too cemmona *mttg for People in New England to exprefs tbemfelyes in a Manner jufily fxceptionably upon tbeje Points \ and that ihey may be indebted to the Soci:ty otthciv Miffionor Ties inibme Degree^ for their doing otherwife now *. So that in the main he agrees with Mr. Aptborp^ at the faqie Time that he inveighs againft him ; and probably wifhes that far greatar Changes were made, in the fpeculative Doctrines of his Brethren, than , the ; Society and its tMilTiOnarics would approve. , mo-^^ Mr. Aptborp adds, that Hypocrify bath worn iffi tn ' Proportion as Men have feen the. Beauty} of HolinefsitYm is, in Proportion as the Face of Religion hath become amiable, and its Doftrines have been rationally explained ; the f\^ • :*tPage74 p. 75- § Stt Humphrfy4*9 Acconot, p 3*» 37>38 I m 'if'' I 'A. «■ it AttAiaSviiittr'Dn Ha V A e ^^/ Oifefvathns, tlMTwor Thmg$ wbiiih he had mtot'toned imfntdi««e(/ tuefore. But the Dofb»r cbufes to miitsnderftand him of the Beauty of Rkes, un4 Mtdis and Farms, ia order to gee an OpporctiQity of reproaching the Church of England ag«n as plactng Hblifyefs in a Zf^f^^ t^*fi\ whidh k notorioufly- doth not. lvi'\{k others ware as far from placing it ip a Zeal agaioH them. ^ .. •^ '^The laft Inftai^oe of religious Improvemenr, i(> whic^ Mf. ^jjiA^rp thinks the MilTionaries have befcn inftrutnenr IAK is the exterminating nf Perfecution, On this the Df . obfcrves, that no AMs of Uniformity ever took Place in NfeW Etigland +. Very true, for they could not olKain 4!hem: d^^ there was a Time when they certainly would* ftUt they rtiade a Shift to perfccute pretty cfFcftually wich- c/ut them He adds, th^ na Perfejcuuon badlfeen known ^mbngft them f4r nuny Tedr^^kefori < t^e Society vfa$ in BtingW- But can he proi^ that they held it unlawful be^ ^e that Time? He repreleats it as incredible, that tlie fiojterity of tbofe who had ferfeeutei their Fathers intp AVneHca, fh )Uld ieach theprefent Generation their Cbari- ^ and ModiraHonf But why more incredible, than thtM: iSft Foderity of thoife who had perfecuted the Quakers in :/thteriedi ihould now be Enemies to PerfeCucion ? The -A^ttf ifoleratioii iR^spa0ed by Members of the Church dF En^hnd. Nl#. JL^i^^ aMembvrof the fame Church, %as, of al( EngUfh Writers, tiie^teateft Advocate for Tq- h;raci6n. TheEfteem of it inereafed continually.^ The Generality of our MiiliohaHes, i hope, carried that Efteem #ith them into New England. Their Need of Toleration there, muft rccomrftend it ftiH more to their goodOpini- cn ; theNecefflcy of allowing it to them muft gradually reconcile otliers to an Approbation of that Allowance;; indHbecter Motives, 1 doubt r.ur^ co-operated wich thefei Whibhh^d the (tfbnjgeflr Influence, Ido not undertake to determihe. But fureiy the Do^or goes too f^r, when he ilfth. Wherever we haml Chrifiian Charity tomards thofe Mo differ from us^ we did not learn it of the Church of . England •p, 79 t lb. I page 80 .; : « An Anfwcr / it from her, unlciS' thef difdained to learn any Thing from her. Where he learnC it indeed will be very needlefs to inqinre, tilt he gives bet- ter Proofs of his having learnt it at all. For one who uies his Pen in fucb a Manner, leems but too likely, notwitb-^ ftanding a few ExprelTions^ of gentler Import here and^ there, to ufe other Weapons, if he bad the Conxnand of them. Yet I do not fofpeA him of hoping u> /ho4^ Spi^« copaHans as f reefy as Pigeons % though he faith it iscrcd^* biy reported, that fome of the warm Epifiopalians bep€> fvr the Time when they may treat Diffinters (o*. Mr^ Beach on the other Hand, hath acloally beard fome of the. Prefbyterians /(«y, it was Pity that alltbafiy wb&Jirfif»^ Up theWorfhip of God according to the Chitfch in that Country t had not been hanged^ ss the ^uiiiers* imere formerly at Bodon ||^ Such hot-headed Creatures^ 1 am perfuaiied, fay much more than they deliberatelyi think ; and are coo few, on either Side* to deferve the No^ ciee of the other. The NeithEngland Ejpifeopalians in ge-» il^al, fo far as t can learn,^ fincerely deQrd tdliveamioi^ bly with their Neighbours. ^ And amollgA^ th6 Ef^lijb,* with whom my Acquaintance hath been pretty esctenfive,- sind without whom the others cannot be formidable^ I know not a Man of the Clergy or Laiety, ^and do not be" lieve there, is ohe in* » hundred, perhaps, I might f»f » thoufand, who wifties to overturn the t)relcflt Toleration oF the DiiTenters. 1 fhould be glad of an Aifurance, that They wifh no worfe to the Church Eft^liftimcnt. The Doftor faith, they do not in all refpeSls find the kindest Ufage from us, being fubjebl to dhers tempoval Imonve* niences f . I fbppofc he hath principally in View the Teft Aft. Now without dfgrelTing to enquire whether this be judifiable or nor, they who approve of retraining them Yd far, may heartily difapprove any further Reftraints \ nay^ many of them have given the ftrongeft Evidence- that th^y do. And perhaps as many Epifcopalians in New England . . . : are I !il I I ♦ pag. 81. I) Vindication or Addrcft, p. 28. f p. 80; ja An Anfwer to Dr. May hew'/ Obfervations. » ? •; '\ M. ■^^1 ;h.: afv excluded from Offices without Law, as Diflentere here by L.aw, on Account of their Religion. But enough of this. • The Do^or argues moreover, that even fuppofing the MiflTionaries in New England to have done Good there, though it may befome Apology^ it will notjufiify the So- ciety^ if it, hath occaftoned the NegleSl of a much greater Good to the Heathens^ or unprovided Col-jnies*^ who had an exclu/ive, Right to the Money which hath been funk in the epifcopal Gulphf, But the exclufi^e Right hath been difproved, and there hath been no deGgned Negle<5b. The Heathens meant mud be either the Indians or the Negroes, Now the Doftor owns, that as to the Indians, there have ieen, andftill are, fome great Difcouragements in attempt" ing to chriftianize them, But^hc faith, that according td divers /Appearances^ the Society have had this IVork lefs at fieart than that of propagating Epifcopacy in'Scvi Eng- land*, i hope he would not have the Complaint made hy the Indian Sachem in June 1 700 1|, reckoned amongft thefe Appearances, for the Society was not incorporated till a Year after. But he faith, that the Accufation ofneg" lasting the Natives in America, bath been infome Sort al- lowed to bejuft by the Society themfelves ; and brings for proof of it, Bi(hop Williams^ % Sercivon before them ia 1705 §. Now, unhappily for the Dpftor, Bifhop Wil- Uamsiioxh not fpeak of the Society, in the Words wluch he quotes, but of the Englifh Nation. Nor could he fpeak of the Society, as neglecting the Indians^ and yet lefs as negleding them to propagate Epifcopacy in NewEnglandi for the Society had not fubfidtd Bve Years, and had but one, if any, Mifllonary in that whole Province. But the Biihop's Words founded fo plaufibly for a Charge upon tthe Epifcopalians, that he could not forbear mifapply ing them. He afHrms, that it would not be difficult tojuflify this Complaint hy an Appeal to any of the later Sermons before the Society, I conceive it would, and he hath not ^v attempted • * Pag. 72. t p. 9a. * p. 98, I! p. 107. 5 p. 98. p. 134, 135. . Eft ' ' P'ir y/4n yhfwer to Dr, Ma yhewV Obfervahgns. 33 attempted it. In one Place he exprcfles a Doubt, whether the Society have, fo much as begun to ufe Methods of con* verting either the Negroes or toe Indians. But in another he owns, that they have made fome EjfaysfromTime foTim$ towards the Conver/ion oj '^e Savages ; hut very feeble ani Jparing ones, compared with iheZeal of the French to popize the Indians, or with their own Zeal to epifcopize New En- gland. Now indeed they have fhewn no Zeal to epifco- Eife Nexv England \ and it is much eafier(I goon withthj^ )o£tor'sLanguage) to popize than to chriftiani?ethe/«]■ 34 w^if jtnfwer to Dr. MavhbwV Obfervations. . Committee*. But that any Thing was done, or tried upon it, or abcM]t the feme Time with it, he hath not given the JeadHint. Yet he might have known, and probably did know, fpqm Dr. Humphreys ^ to whom Mr. Jfpi^borp refers his Readers, not only that (ho Society fent a MiiTioaaKy ..that very Year, the firll after it was formed, to endeavour the Convcrfion of the Indians bordering on South Carolina, and ihmthe Governor and ether Gentlemen there, thinking it not to be a proper Sea/on, difpofed of him another Way f : hut that in Purfuance of the aboveOrder, the Socieiy,after inviting, unfuccefsfu I ly a 'Dutch and an Englijh Miniftcr, who lived in the Neighbourhood of thofe Nations, to un- llertake their Convcrfion, prevailed on the Rev. Mr. ^ko^ roughgood Moor, to go upon this Dcfign in 17.04, who ap- . plied to the Mohocks, and acquainted them, that another .yMiniJler was daily expeRtd for the Oneydes, and wie for pjery oiber Nation, as fion as proper and willing Per fons €Quld be found \ ihat they Teemed at firft highly pieafed with the Care thus taken of them ; but would. give no determi- nate Anfwers tohisOIFers.of inflru^ing them, nor at laft any, Anfwers at all, though he ufed all ihe Means he could thinkofjoget their G?oJ'Tvill : Co after near a TweWe- naonths Tr4al he left ttiem, and was fbon after loft at Seaft. - The Do^or might alfo have known, if he did not, that Mr, JBarclay,z different Perfon from the aboveroenlioned,being iknt Miilionary to the fame Indians in or before ijo^,trieJ all the Methods he c&yld, to engage them to be inflruBed in cur Language and Religion, but with very fmall Succefi.; thjut fe^ieralindeed would feem for a T^ime to be converted, buffoon after they would return again to their firfi fexvage XiM, Kis paffing oyer in Silence the following Account is yet more obfervable. In 1 710, the Requeft of the four Sa- if^^w/, who came over to England xhzixhtxx Subjefts might be inftru^ed in Chriftianiiy by refident Minifters, being thought to favour a new Attempt; /i^ Society agreed to fend two Miffionaries to. the Mohock eir Pleafnre ; were continue ally making Expeditions, and pra^^ifing Cruehies one upon another ; left their aged Men and Women to perifh ; got drunk whenever they could, and in their Drunkennefs were mad and mifchie\'Ous to the hipjicft Degree. They who had learnt fomething, (hewed in their Lives no Re* gard to it ; and even the four Sucbems became Savages agam. French Jefuits from Canada inOilled into them Jealoufies by falfe Aflcrtions, which Popifli Miflfionaries never fcruple ; and (bmc of the ^ufcararo Indians^ driven from NorthCarolhut, which they nad perfidioufly attacked^ filled them with fucH groundlefs Refentments by unjud Reprcfentations of what had palled there, that they forbat) Mr. Andrews to vifir them at their Habitatiom, would no longer come to the Cha[>€l or t\\t School, not ftirffer him- to fpeak of Religion to them when he nict them occafio^ nally ; but infulted atid threarned him and his Companions, who were in Danger of their Lives whenever they ven- tured out of the Fort, where they dwelt. At length there- fore he reprcfented to the Society, that he defpaired of any further Succcfs. Yet, they would not hearken to his (ingicf Narrative and Opinion, but requefted Mh Hunter, Gxiver^f nor of NezV'Tork, to make Enquiry, whether continuing* his Midlon was likely to be of Ufe» And on iheGover-- nor*s confirming the Accounts which Mr. Andrews had given, they recalled bim, after a Trial of fix Years*. I beg the Reader to compare tbefe Relations, t^ken. ffoiix amheniick Papers, with the Doctor's unauthorized • - ' - E 2 Suggt (lions, * lb, p. 395 — 911. % i 1*' t I li t- :■] i' ri I ^■' h.i' ^1* 2^ u4n yfn/wer to Dr. Mayhew'/ Oh/irvationf, Suggenions, that the Miflionartes told what Stories they would /and the Society believed them without Examination, or wilfully negleftcd this Part of their Bufinefs, Without entering); into the fubfequcnt Particulars of this Indian Uii- dertaking, 1 (hall ouly.fay in general, that other Milfion- arics were fent afterwards, and with fbme EfTeft, down to the Year 1735. when the firft mentioned Mr. Barclay, went, of whole Miillon alone the Do^or is pleaied to take Notice, becaufc he thinks it w;ll afford Matter of Objec- tion. Accordingly healledges, that Mr. Barclay had not half (ipybper Support, but the Mijjion was Jlarved, For Mr. Serjeant, a MifTionary from the Society incorporated in 1661, reports from a Letter of Mr. Barclay, t\m he bad but afcanty *Allowance,(\.t. from the Society) and could dbtttin no Salary for an Interpreter &r Schoolmafler ■*. And JAr. .^tf/'f/d'^ himfelf faith in a Letter, yune 11, 1736, thai he laboured under great *Difadvantage for want of an interpreter, which could be but enjoy for two or three Years, he fhould be Majlet of the Indian Language |. Now when Mr. Barclay wrote the(e Letters, of which 1 know nothing butfrom the Doctor, he Was not a Mifljonary bum Catechiil only. And though he had, as he (ajrh, bur a (canfy Al- lowance, /. e, iol. a Year from the Society, yet he ex- ve£iedfurther Encourafrement fVi)m them ; and the Aflem- tly of A^^wl^o'*^ had af(b voted him 50/. a Year, which may account for the Smallncf. of the Stjciety's Allowance. Only he had not received either of the Salaries §. but before the End of the fame Year, he Wrote to the S ■fi.i. 38 ytfij^ftver to Dr, MayhewV Ohfervakons, t6rn ; in the mean Timci the Rev. Mr. Brown flipplies his Befides thefe Attempts, and feveraf other occafionai ones by feveral Milfionarie^, one of which, by Wf. Beachi he faith, was frudrated by the Dillenters prejudicing the ///- diarii againft him^*, there was a Refblution ts^fcen by the Society in 1743, ^^ ^^Y ^^® Converfion of the Mofkito Indians f which Mr. Mohan hath raifreprefented. He faith, fbe Society fftnt fo much Time in endeatiouring to perfuadc ^ibtr thelndlunsthemfehes, or the Government 0/* Jamaica, to fupport the Mijftonary^ that though the Letter from the Jndhni re^uefling ^JJiflance^ bears *Date May I9> I739> yet Mr. Prince at she Time of his "Death, July 25, 1748, had not reached the Place of his Miffion f . Any Reader would conclude from hence, that the Letter from the 7«- dians was either written to the Society, or inftantiy commu- nicated t6 them, arid that the Delay arofe wholly from their Unwillingnefs to pan with. their Money on the Occafion. But the Truth is^ that the Indians applied in 1 739 to Mr. Trela%uney\ Governor of Jamaica, without naming the Society, whofe firft Knowledge of their Application was m the latter End of the Year 1741 : that on this they wrote immediately to the Governor, riot to perfuade any Pcrfons to contribnte, but (blely to enquire whether the Indians were able or the J^amaicans -w'Aiirig, which was furely a juftrfiable Piece of Prudence : that as fodn as they had his AnfWeri giving no Ground to hope for pecuniary Adiftance, which was in a few Months, they agreed to fend a Mi(Bonary and Schoolmafter ; that Mr. Prince, then jri America, being recommended tb them for this Work fhortly after, they agreed without Delay to accept him, if he brought proper Teftimonia Is ; but that Objeftions were mac' to him from thence, which could not be fully difcui^ fed under a conflderable Time : that when hisChara^ler wag cleared, he was dircdied to come over, and ordained ; thai he returned as foon as he could,* but died on his Way from y arnica to the Place of his Deftination : that on hearing this, the Society ordered another Miflionary to be provid* jfcd, but no one could be got. Evidently there was no Backwardnefs in this Cafe ; but Afllftance was moft readily • Seeded Viodirtuoh or Addrcft, p. 70. ^crit- f Hohart'% fccood Addrcfi, p. 141. / I id- j4n j4nfiv€r to Dr, May hew'/ Obfervatwu. s? . (ent to Itidians not comprehended within th< Letter of the Charter, not being in any of his Majefty's Colonies;. on which Account tbe Treafury rcfufed Mv, Prince the ufbal Bounty granted to MifEonaries, and it, was made up to bim by the Society^ Mitho might ea(ily and plautibly have excufed themfelves from engaging in (his Matter, if they hadnoc really had it at Heart. From tbeie various Attempts it appears, that the Society have always been deHrous, always endeavouring, to make Imprertionson the Indians, And from their bad Succefs with thofe on whom they bedowed the mod Pains, it ap- pears that nocwithdanding their (eeming good Inclinations towards Chriftianiiy, and their Petitions to be inftru£^ed in it, on which the Do^or lays fb much Weight ^^ they were either infincere^ or quickly changed their Minds, and grew intractable ;fo that appointing more MilTionaries, if theSo- ciety could have found them, would probably have beeh Xm\Gt\h.x\\zxi.pnkingmovt -Money, M I may prefume to imitate his^Style, in the Indian Guiph^, inflead of making thofe Tribes in general prafe/Zed Cirifiians ^whiclAiedeCtros to have it thought would have been the Confequencc. His iPre«byterian and congregational Friends have had a much JohgerSpaecof Time for thisWork than the Society ;they- have alfo lived in g/eatNumbersamoiigft the IndiaBi,vii\ndt is- another Advantage. Yet I fear the Fad is rather, that few Indians^ are leftin-iV^wjE»f/flW, than that many arc Chridians. And though the Dccl^or tells us, that two MiP* iionaries, lately fent from Bjoflonxo the Five, orficrwlfeSix, Nations,, give very enccuragingjiccounts of their 'Difpt^ftti'- ^/;§,one cannot help doubting, whether the(e Accounts will' end in anyThirig bcttCTi thian the abovementioned like Accounts given to the Society. I heartily wifh they may. .But furely as yet, it is too early to infdlt us. with the Supe- riority of their Succefs to ours. The Doftorfaiih, Mr. Barckyh Mifftoritvas ffarvfidU I hope the contrary hath appeared. M uch lefs was it ftar- ved *to propagate Epifcopacy in N^w England, for at that Time the\Sociciy had fcarce any Miflionarics there ; yet in a.'great Meafure it failed Jike the ref^. And therefore it is very unjuft to impute the Failure of any to thaiCaufe, when ♦Paj. 100, io6. f p. 109. 5 P ^05» i P- ^04' II , M 40 jinAtf^er to Dr. MayhewV Obfervations, . when ir may be fb naturally implited to thofe which pro-' 6^ is not jJartl-^ ihHar ifl his AcaifatidQ of the Society, and therefore d ge« iteril AnfWcr wtlF Mice, tic oblcnrcs , juftly, that lut. Weft ladii ^^wdSf abound with thmj^ and fa do fcxncof (^ur pliiitattofts dil the Continent. But in both they livc^ ihder the abfbhite Gotenimeht* diiefljr of hard Maflers \ too many ofvhiW fbrbtd theih to be inftru^bed in ftdi' gion* im others deprive them of Time fbr it, by niaking; ft neceiiltfy that oii IStmddp they dioutd ivbrk fbr them* felVeA. where they are alldwed to attend IJbe Miniftcf dF the Pariih, they are properly tmdeir his Oire ; t6d wheref Negroes abound moil;, the Biriffaes are li general fb -v^djf ididbtlred, that the Society have nor, an^ need not have^ MHfibnari^ m theiftt ; But Fit)Tiiidn, even for the icm^ ^ tiie Pebpiiv m^ hie eafily made without them. Inhere llbey '^ve MHfionartes^ the^^Negtdes are underflood t6 be Birr of their Ffodc, whom th^ have beeri dri^ly d^gj^ li<|it to ttegic»^ txt^^k FBice» where ^eit are iio Mihiffers, it is im- |?^ble to #pppiil,t a (eparace Mti&Qnary or Gitechifl fbi^ iik Negroes of e^ Family, and almoft impofTible to aifent- Me. thofc of ^ftaiit F*niKcs together. The Proprietor^ # large Hi^nibersof them are ufually Well able to gtt f^dxi inftrttiaed by iomc of their upper Servants, 6t aneigh* ^tir|tig SdibdlniaHer ; ^ if fhey are unwiHiiig^ Would be very apt t0 dioPe^t the£nd5ea;iroUrs of Pctfons appointee! ikytft^ S pro- ^r.yetat no fmall Expence, and taught whatever would fit them to propagate Chriflianity in their native Coun^, to w^ch they are now on the Point of goi^g back, t^ greateft Part of this the Do^or muH have known from the AUlra^, but hath mentioned nothing of it. For it would Have been hard to reconcile with his Accufation oi the Society, that they have difregarded every thing ellb, to propagate E|>ifcopacy. , The laft head of his Charge of Nc^Ioft relates to the Colonies, unprovided of a competent Number of Miqiiiers. l|ere he faith, th^ though he wilt not affirm it for Truth, yet he hath been very Credibly informed, that the People in Jfm^tfitfe Southern G)lonies, and particularly ihthifeFarp |f Noit|i-CaroIina, wZ^/VA viere entirely deftituU pf Mini' jUrs^hi^i^ and repeated Applications to the So- gety far. Miffionartes, fometimes without any Anfmer for Tears tcgetber, and at laft without Succefs : dXii^xbax Jotne fenfibk and ferious Ferfons from that Country^feijeral Tears ^0, he thinJ^s ^ave. him tJjefame Recount ; but that Whe- ther they \d\dor not, they madefuch a ReprefentaiiQn.(f their ^ fad State fir Want ofMinifters, that at the Momeritoi hi$ Wfitin j; tt was not in his Power to refrain fropt Tears in refkdif^ on it. And then he makes his uiual charitable , Addition, that perhaps the Society had it not in theirPovfer to comply with thefe Solicitations, by Reajhn of their large Expence in the noble J)eft^ of fupporting and increqfi^ liitU e^/copal Parties, or Fastens, in NcW-England** So * Pag. 97, 98. ' the to V- t?: ^n Anfwer^o Dr.MAYHtvr'sObftrvatianh 4^ the Dodinr'i crcdibk Information of what he" will iwt, affir!if;l^;irtuth, and his thinkii^ he remembers what Be is oct fiire fii^ ever heard, is produced againft the Society, itjyHfy: a Coaje^re about thenr Motive for a£Hng as rfiey never did aft. Indeed, that the poor People, over whpfe Cal^ he hath wept fo kmg after, would have ac> cepted Minifters from the Society; is far from certain ; nor is It likely from feveral Parts 6f his Book, that he wouM haVe reckoned the "Want of epifcopal Minifters any great Olamity. At leaft, I cannot learn from the BooSs of the Society, which I have'cohfnltcd on this Occafion, that any Applioltions^ made^ to them from North-Caroiina, have . |©^"fjijcftedWpoftj3'^^ But it appears, that they fent i%iiMiiIionary AitneV in 1 70 j, wl^o was difcbura^d by ^ the inteftine Feuds of the People, by the Profanenefs of many of them, and the Indifference of others to ail Reli- gion j that oh his Return they feiit two more in 1707, who after a few Years were alfo vj^earied. out; and ?*gain two in 171 i, who ufcd their belV EndeaVouris for feveral Years, but fucceeded no better, and at laft quitted the Undertaking, Yet all of them were.Men of very good Charaiftcrs, as the Inhabitants acknoMedged. On a ffefli Application, a fixth Miffionaryv^as appointed *iii 1722, who died the next Year, and a fcventh in lyiiiy^^ejitis to have defpaircd like his Predeccffprs.* TO^«IC In- habitants, I believe, were for a Time 1^ tdtlkil^i^es, and very infenfible of the Unhappinefs of tlf^ir Coiiii(of!: Bur gradimlly the Society fuppfied them a-^ieW; and ^r fcxne Years paft, they have had more Oer^^n»^ amdngfl them, though at moil perhaps but fevien at oncl^ thancver they had before; and therefore they have not been heg- lefted for the Sake of epifcopiziiig Nifw Ef^kndf as the I^otefuggefb. The Socie^ hath'acquainted them long ago, that if they, were willing to do whit they were well able towards mamtaini^g more Miffionaries> it T^oukl be glad to affift them. But inflead c^ this, they have ufed thofeill, in n^ny Ways, wbkn they have had already. B|n;icQkrlyf though they have Laws, both foiii^rly and :■>- '%--- ' '^F-2^' ■ ' r- ^"^•' lately, • S^^>H|(^^r^/, p. 128--.I43. hi I .1 i- ■ii 1.. f ■ m h ; ; ■ ' ; I I I- :v t*. 4^ ^n,4^fitf0rH pWf ^^yiiii%yi9Uplfirv9ii(ms btjifly, fpr Sjal^rics t^^Mimfters, thty h^v« beep tcpipo^ >rdepc Qpvcmor QP^ <^)!^ht: he tud sput Things oi| "ich * tooting tlj4t Ac j\sopte Plight mamtajnthfir ^|wii Imiilers entirely* th^ $Pfiecy coHkl i^ot Ba4 Miiii(i<^ to,fen4 pyqr tp himi wh^b Dv^ Maybew hiinfelf wiW. alfqv^ ;hey wQpl() have dQae-rea4ily io this Cafe, i^ the^:, had heep ahl^, becaufe in wqulj hfvc cod thepa i)Othi||gt .^ Indeed we have pot P^rfcip^ ep^fi^ in Orders xxkU^- the P?irt ^ "9R ^9 JPP^^erap; in dkis, as in every thiig, Bavipg conti^t^4^oiePrQi^ tihaU POK follow hiiA through the iD'li^iM^/t^e randoPi Cak^latjoas built upon them.. He \v<]}]l$|^^ ir thpugbc^ ^^ 2C ^ears the Sum hath affjto^'l^ j^^ ^kbki^hichlm iaith, forty or fifty Ji^^0l jplg^Jba^ bfm^cpMirtably maintmned amngft 2iwi^«j|^ f« bi0ih«mfi flacgs^ evfry T^ur^ fmnms tk^r'ifik^^ « l!?ow if i^fty, Miffionaries ^re to be j^ :for 1^ %!S^x%G^^ lh9?^ A ^^^: ^iii ^^ ^^ t^<^ ^a 4 a jf«j:,T, Ap4. if opl^ /o«ty MSfipoiiri^ wej^ to h^ Mid out r0bght%^bim is, that the'Sol^ pety hith pbmiiu4 Contributions by Senfions, reprdwv * mg fhe Work In n^nch they wore engaged, to be mer«^ ^ the Prof^tgation of Chriibsnity, though a confidentblft ^ Pare of it hath htm the Prot>agatiQii of the Church of ' Englatid; that in this th^T haTe imitated the Practice ol * the ilM^ Society d^fn/igaridajide, though the Preach* •rs belb^ them hare condednned it as unfair; that thtti . the Difienters m England have been milled to encoiira^ ' Defignt againft Chorehes of their own Comraimiop it * fhwEmfit^^ 9nd jmtfimfandiof Pourtds have bectt « dr4Hmrfiom ibm, whith havt in Part been supplied tothM ''X paipofe,^ Now in Truth, the Society have made it dieir * B«iidefitl> do jttfl what th^ Preachers ref^rdent them lo have^bcen doing, otcepttng that they have not been abk / to clo ib much towards the Converfion of the Indians and ,^ ffigroes, Whilft there were but few Perfoosin the Mafif* fibufotts^ and Cmm^ut, deftimte of fudi Modes of pub^ ^ lidc Wofflttp as they coi^ attend, few or no MifEonaries wehefent thither, and the earlier Sermons took no No^ tice -oC this Cafe* -When they motaicd, Ph^vifion was graddatty made for ^Cm ; the Preadiers raeniioned if in genera} Terms ; the prefent Arcbbflhop oiConte^hwy mentkmed it very lisplicttly* above twenty yeafi ^{ mA at th^ £]^ of the Sermons,, both before atad i«^ U^^ ; ibS.^t Miffionaries, their Places of Rcfidenise and :dhei|r J&iWies^ with Accounts of the State of then* k^caXQi^^ ' gr^tions, have been publiihed ammal^. Sucely <*a df thcf I3tf^^ would neither do it Good nor Harm; ;' -■, * But further, probably much mOTe Money hatn B^eh given tdthd'Sodety by the Members of the Chnrcli of ingland, on Account bft}icfrbv}ftcAi which it hifh made for the Eftfcopalian^ -ih'the MafaiBu^tts and Conneilicut, than they would have given if it had made none. Many dF thde amongfl us, who are zealous for the Support of C9)$Mianity abroad, are zeabus alfo, though iir a iower^ Degree, for the Support of our own Church there ; efpe- dally in Places, where, without thdr Help it camiot fi^ p0rt il&lf. And all fuch Will naturally be more liberal tc bQ#Defigns, when thus joined, if indeed they can be called iwo, than they would'to one ^f them, if divided Perfons ire not obliged to confine the whole of tbetr Charity to that one Purpofe, whkh they think the beft, but may al- lowably diftribute it amongfi: ali^hich thi^^itdt ai«good. Nor is uniting; thefe two PurpoTefi what the Do6ior wsMild reprefent itj^ preferring or equkiling the Peculiarities of the Churchof England to the JntepeSs of die,Ck)(ipd,any 4 '■*■-. ' • H.:.rk m ^^^V:t j4n Anfwcr to Dr. MA^HEvr'sObfcrvaiions. 471 more than the yearly Contribntion of theDiffcnters to the? keeping up of their fmallar G)ngregations here, is prefer^ ing or equalling their Peculiarities to the Interefls of the' Gofpel, They think, both may be kept up by one and the fame, Aft, fo do we. They contribute to maintain publick Wormip amongft their poorer Brethren, without defigning to presbyteriamze England; we contribute to maintain it amongll ours, without defigning to eptfcatize New-England. It would be abfurd in us to charge tnem with the former ; and it is equally abfurd in them to charge us with the latter. If indeed the Cafe of the Epifcopa- lians in^he Maffachufetts and Conne^kut doth not, by the Charter of the Society, come under its Care, Bounties to • to them ,are at prefent conveyed through wrong Hands. But I apprehend it doth, and think that hath been proved. At lead, the Givers in general have all along had the Op- portunity of knowing that Part of their Gifts was applied to this Cafe by the Society, yet they have never fignified l^eir Difapprobation, and therefore it hath underflood it- felf to have been anfwering their Intentions. Nothing hath been clandcftinely kept back, or diverted another way from what was .prof cffed. In thefe Circumftances, the (Jujlt of Ananias and Sapphira is very unjufUy thrownout in terrorem by the Doftor,f according to the old Cullom of his Party, which 1 hoped had been quit& laid aiide, of dif*- charging ipifapplied Texts of Scriptur^ in the Faces of focb as' happened to oiFend them. jBut to return : It is very poffible, that the Pefire of fupplying the New'-Eiy^ A»^£pifc;opalians with Miiiiflers, may have produced Do^- nation3 of as much.M^ney to the Society, as it hath<^ ex- pended oii tbpfe Miaiflers ; now if fb, other Parts have not fu&red on their JVccount. And (hould thefe Bene^ favors be brought to think the Society an improper Chan- nel for (uch their Bounty, or ihould it be forbidden to em- ploy ip this, Manner .any Share of what it receives, the Confequpfe(ce .might be>^ that they wouki withdraw a Pro- portion of their prcfcnt Liberality, as the Society hathfig^ nified in a Letter to the liew-Hampfiire Minifters, it hath h i .11 ii 1 fdid R«tte tcithidk chqr ^malAfl ind cftibK&i •ftpctictf |iioid» by Mrfakh himsss mo On^iicioD of che Epifceptlia&s Slight be ltttlc» if «t all, worie than before and the Doc-' tor faiths than erer from being pleafed. ^For the ncW Mausers vould cenaifily be more zealous for proaiiatin^ the intarcAs of the Chnrch of iSngbnd, than the StKkxf baTe bccn» cueti in his ovn imagination^ The DoStot ftxppoks, the Deftnden of the Sodeiy's GoDduft to argiic» that it nay allowably fupport Mtffions for fionTcning the Niw-Enghmkn to Epifcepacy^ became this is needfiil to facilitate the GMiverfKHt df the ImHans ia Chri(Uani^4 Nomr they have faid» and f ery truly^ at ^Charter ^ WilUam and ALfi^ do^ tbAt bringing odf Ofim Peofife to a gfod Ufi and wi§dy QotMrfif^w^ is rr< qittfiie to win the neighbouring Nations /» iht Gkri/Uan Faith. They may krie laid a^, and tery trnl^^ihii&diift great Humbera and great Vatiety of wild Se(bme% ha oiM Colonievare a lanenmble Hindntnce to the Fhagrefa«f oiir Religiom^ Bnt I qoeflion, wiiether they have ete^ aaplied cither of thefe Obfenroiens to xhd liruhEs^^land ffKi^sbytirkMS of Congrpgationifb ; and yet rikore^ whdiier any one of than bath fb much as himed, that thiy innii be madeEpifcq^ibaifs^ aaa Step .||if>r^ Biakiag^ tn^lka^ ihens aroand tllem Cbriidians. M leaft, the Bifl{c» ^ Si,D^md\ ihom alone the£)isi(^ haiii quot^d^ md-' Itttcanofiadi T^g. And dH he prodoos^&me Author ^ Sot dia ASim^ he muft be midfcriltKyj to py :*»>• yifi Anfwer to Dn Ma YHEVf*s Obfrevathns, §$ be obtained now to iriipofe a^Tax never "known before, of this or the likeNature, on this whole Nation, Di0e(i- ters not excepted, for the Maintenance of an eccleilaflical Hierarchy ? No body will pretend it Could. And witK what Modefty then can the Doctor lugged, that luch z Thing'mighi be feared in New England? Befides, woUld it have l)een a good Reafon ^t the Revolution, for de- barrmg the DilTenters from tile full Exercife of their Church Government and Worfhip, that, if ihey obtained it, they might perhaps increafc till they got a major Votjt in both Houfcs, and then mi^ht ena^ no Morul knows what ? But indeed the poor Man's Fears, if you will beEev^ him, run to vaftly further lengths yet. He images alrea- dy faimfelf and his Brethren driven to the laft Extremities "^ by thefe favage Epifcopalisms, and vents his Lamentations in fuch moving Strains, that I muft tranfcribe them ; for they arc the fineft Flight of Oratory in his whole Book, though it is adorned with many. ** VVill they never let us reft in Peace, except where all the Weary are at Reft f Is it not enough that they perfecuted us out of the old World ? Will they purfue us into the new, to convert us here ? — What other new World remains as a Sanftuary for us from their Oppreffions, in Cafe of Need ? Where is the Columbus to explore one for, and pilot us to it, before we are confumed by the Flames, or deluged in a Flood of Epifcopacy ? For my own Part, I can hardly ever think of our being purfued thus *' from World to World, without calling to mind, tho* without applying [tobefurc] that Paflage in the Revelation of St. John : And to the fVoman were given •* two fVings of a great Eagle, that Jhe might flee into *' the IVildernefs, into her Place, where Jhe is nourijhed^^ *' from the Face of the Serpent, And the Serpent caft oUt of his Mouth IVater, as a Flood, after the Woman, that he might caufe her to he carried away of the Flood* y Happily, foon after, the Doctor recovers from his Panic • iii^ - * P. 129. C( cc CI «c «c C( «c C( cc cc cc # ■♦,<■ r\'" m ■y -» ^•i, II I 56 yin Anfwer to Dn Ma y h e W*i Obfirvations, fn fome Degree of Cprnpofedneifs, and faith, it is not his bijign however to dijhonour the more moderate and dhrif' fian Spirit of the Eng^fh Bijhops fince the Revolution^ and particularly of this Day ^ by comparing it to the per/ecuting Anti-chrifiian Spirit of many Prelates^ antecedent io that glorious Mr a of Britilh Liberty, But why then fuch dif- tnal Apprehenfions ? Why fuch Outcries ? where arc the JPerfecutprs ? where is the Dragon ? All the World rauft {ee, the Dodor himfelf muft fee, that his Declamation is quite foreign from the Purpofe \ and on his firft Recol* iedtioh he (hould have been alhamed of ir, and have ftruck it out. .But paternai Tendernefs would not let hino de- ]^fy pathetic a Ranc on fo darling a Subject. ^^6t only the prefent Bidiops, but the prefent Age fs grown milder in religious NMKers. Proteftants in gene* ral) of all Denominations, in all Countries, but efpecially in the Briti/h Dominions, bear with each other tar better tl^n they did a Century ago ; and the fmalleft Attempts towards an oppreflive Enlargement of fpiritualPower, would be immediately crufhed with Indignation by our Legiflature. The Diflenters here know it well ; thofc abroad can hardly fail to know it ; and fo far as human iForefight can reach, both the Moderation of the Clergy^ and the Watchfulnefs of the Laity over them, are much more likely ro increafe than diminilh. But above all, a 6i(hop in New England would find abundant Reafon to be cacitious of exertiiTg himfelf too far 5 and very thank- ful, if with all his Caution he could Fhve in any tolerable Degree of Peace. Therefare theDo(^or would not need to be at all anxious for the Liberty of his dear Country, though one were to be placed there. But to make him perfeflly eafy, he may be afllired, that this neither is, nof ^ .cirer was, intended or dcfired ; which muft certainly be' admitted as another Proof dill, that epifcopizing that Pro^ vince hath not been the favourite Scheme^ nor indeed any Schcnie, of the Society. During the Courfe of more thap fifty 1'cak'is, that'fchd^og BifHops to yfw^rnV^ hath been in r- imitation. li^- ntry, e him nor ly be Pro- dany : ihafi 41 f^^^^:^9^9E-MJkWJft'^> We'Wj^miSi %«^#f*y8!^.F9I^^ A4f^piheJJo^iBighr«% S% Wyr^W W?' ^^^^:^ MP thinkjpg he muAJwigfs ^ < :^tt|E^ i|^eQ, t^j^« it, hf bad owgfsi;) Uf^^Vfhat wouJ^tlk^^^ |f|;()me. iiot on^, <^ his ppmpbua^prangqealreatjy men^ floS^fdj, but or h^ jrigciiious ShjppoiCr^ that ^r.Jaj/>d^prf^ '^,Mk'''^.f^i^%^ tN a, ceraih. J^^ J^<^#, nearj^ was even from tiff fpim^r k^^M^'40^ tifJP^iace M one of the hunAlg^^Oj^t, tleA^fitf's f ?; $0 mq<^^i: . .? Ij^^^o^^ W^^, tj^avJ^Pcanjwr perceive \yhy t}^ prakyterjansfLni Conffcm^^omlify 'm.Nf^J^fi^ndim]^l not as (afely ttre^the the Tfame ^ir wit^ ?^ ^^^p at thf if ^letWen i n Oid J^agJifii ^o • Hp,^^V^* ^« ^^ unwii)it)g tp diiquiet aDy o)[ wm. l;iy importing atid (ettiingamongft tliiem a ^feature, whicjii it feems they (phie of thein accoprjt to jie ((^ noxious; Qtily we hope, ih^t hisQcca6onaily u^ veifjng tiirough the C!oumry. cannot ipfc^t it veryd?iig^ rou^ Mertrvmn BlfJiopS' are a utiiiorized by Law tp. live» and a^ as fuch^ where^they wj!} in our ^lanfations, FopiiH Biihops reG4eherc, and go about to. exercife every, P^rtof tlieir F un£lion, without O^nce an4 '^*^hput C^ferj^atjot^ ^iOenting Mini(^ersyc(idehere, and ho/4 their ^ee^^|bation : who will cei;? tainly, for ^eafons of every Kind, fend fwch JRerfons Iq this Gbara%r. as are leaft JikeJy to wui^ JL/neafij e(^ Surely the Doftor a^his Friends cancoi ihwart.a Schenifi of this Nature, and call dbemfelvcs Patrons of religious liberty. . ' Xv- ^ * , * Pag. 149. t P^9- , * . >'i f It is pelfible; though it is ftrange, tfi^t wlieo liis uNte I VxiOh/mdri^ni, he tw^ mifqnderftand^lie Sodety V In. \ tehtfoft, both in feidiDg MUOonaries to TVmv Bufhini and dcfiring Americw BUnops. I b6|M it is now fifficieotty dwredupi andifhe is ftill dtflitilfieari ificreat hjfii to e(mfider,mtlll(enoug^t, wM MMwrtfShirhh is rf^K He hathvory«oad Abilities, and a Zeal that iirouM be high^ commend&le, if it w religious and civil, which they fan demand either in Law or Reaibn. But with thofe, who approach ♦ Luh ijc. 55, t Pag. 145. * •• # to An Atif(»€T to Dr» Ma y h tw's Oi/irvatimt.sf'\ tpproijch Mtrer. to ui in Purity of Faiih and brotfaeily £ove, we are ddirout to cultivate a freer Cemmunidatioo, DiflSng over all former Dilgufts, as we kg Aat they would* if we ^ive tbem any feemingCaufe of Complamt, we hope they will Cffofyit in the moft amicable ^nner. If chey Di^Uh it, we hope they will prelerveFaimefs and Tamper. If they failin either, we muft tiear it with Patience, out be excaied f rom replying. If any Writers on our Side have been left cool, or leis civil, than they ought and de* ligned to have been^ we are fbrry for it, and, exhort them . to change their Sale, if they write again. JFor it is_ ^he Duty of all Men, ^f^ much (bever they difl^ in. Opinion, tosgree in mutual ^ood Will and kind Behaviour . /> *»*\i "*% s' nkmder deferve \ I hope almly : ■ ajfcft i(copa! Our teftant lent of ard, '' ^ ► thoi either give ^m. firolc- boufd' they , who dach [>le FIN L S: ■» " V' '#