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BY
RECTOR
BOYNE,
SUQ
WriH A BKI
M
A^ HISTORY
OF THE
SIEGE OF LONDONDERRY
AND
DEFENCE OF ENNISKILLEN,
IN
1688 .A.3srr> 168e,
BY THE REV. JOHN GR4HAM, M.A.,
RECTOR OF MAGILLIGAN, IN THE DIOCESE OF DERRY.
;
n
THE BA^TTLES
OF THE
BOYNE, ATHLONE, AND AUGHRIM,
THE
Su0e antr C: ti'itulation jof ^inurkh,
BY LOUD MACAULAY.
t'
Wl'lH A BKIEF IKTEODUCTIOJi, BY THE UEV. W. M. PUNSHO>', M.A.
Toronto :
M^CI.EAll Jic CO., I»XJ13XJLSHIi:RS,
1872.
" lliiil HiKTwl walls ! while circlin>{ years sliiill Hew
Or f^cnial hujis illuino this vale hclow ;
While sparkling stars difftiso their distant li^ht,
And cheer with fainter beams the sable night —
While yon bine arch with sun or starn shall shino,
Bo thine the tritiraph as the woe was thine ;
May all thy citizens, supremely blest,
Unite the hero's with the patriot's breast.
And like their sires, unrivall'd in renown.
Maintain our liberties, our church, and crown."— Lronidas.
" Our fathers, who lived under the dread of Popery and arbitrary power, arc, most
of them, gone oft the stage, and have carried with them the experience which we their
sons stand in need of, to make us earnest to preserve the blessings of liberty and pure
religion which they have bequeathed to us. Oh that I had word8|to represent to the
present generation the miseries which their fathers i: nderv/cnt, that I could describe
their fears and anxieties, their restless nights and uneasy days, when every morning
threatened to usher in the last day of English liberty."— SiierIjOCK.
fRINTRD BY
HUNTER, ROSE, & CO.
INTRODUCTION
BY
TlIK II KV. W. M. IMINSllON, M.A.
IN liringing out a now edition of Mr. Graham's narrative of
the Siege of Derry, and enhancing its value by descriptions
from Lord Macaulay's graphic pen, the publishers conceive that
they are conferrini^ a benefit upon the reading public of Canada
— for the events which these pages record are such as we do
not willingly let die.
Apart altogether from the political and religious aspects of
the question, the romance of history never had a fairer iieme.
Truth is proverbially stranger than fiction, and never did the
all-exciting elements of truth gather in sterner compression
than around these memorable hundred days. Group the events
together : — The frightened villagers s wanning within the city
walls ; the first dread fears of the foe ; the traitorous governor ;
his treachery ; pusillanimity and ignoble flight ; the heroic
murmurs of rebellion ; the merging of all minor diff'erences in
the resistance to the common danger ; Dissenters receiving the
Episcopal blessing, and the Episcopal Cathedral opened for
non-Conformist worship. Dwell upon the days of preparation.
The dismay when the investment was made, and the bombard-
ing began ; the brave old clergyman whose eloquence, like that
of another Peter the Hermit, inspired them to the holy war ;
now preaching a sermon, now heading a sally, and doing both
IV
*»quRlly well. Think upon the actual experiences of the siege.
The terrible slaughter, the first pangs of the famine — the aw-
ful, hopeless creeping over the spirit of the apprehension of that
dreaded death which, more cruel than wvr, makes gaunt men
look wolfish ut each other, and steals love's lustre out of charm-
ing woman's eye'*. The delusive hope ; the hope deferred; the
hope dying out ; the ajiony of brave men in extrem>,y. The
dash of the Mountjoy at the boom — her grounding ; the unutter-
able suspense ; the yell of the enemy's premature triumph. The
Phoihix passing over ; the Mmntjoijs freedom ; the death, in
the moment of deliverance, of her gallant commander ; the
transition from hides and horseflesh and tallow to the food that
makes muscle and sinew ; the deeper transition from anguish
of soul to the gladness and rai)ture of escaped peril ; when the
joy bells of that first of August rang out into the night.
What fiction ever ima^^ined excitements and sensations more
thrilling] and yet they are no morbid fancies of the distem-
pered brain, but events which actually happened, evsnts, from
whose enactment and results, the destinies of a nation were
changed.
Moreover, histories like these are the school books of an em-
pire. No sturdy maintenance of principle, no act of individual
heroism, but is tributary to national character.
The memory of heroes, sages, wise and good men who have
excited wonder, or inherited love, is national wealth, contri-
butes to the culture of the generation following, and aids, as it
is cherished or otherwise, in the formation of those materials
which go to make the history of to-day. Not to keep alive
olden animosities, but to vindicate the fame of olden defenders
of the truth, and of the truth itself, for which they contended
thus earnestly ; both of which it is the fashion of these lax
times to malign, this page ^f almost forgotten annal may be
profitably perused.
And, if in the perusal, any heart is led to be thankful for
broader charity and kindlier times ; if it be inspired with a
more reverent love of the heritage of religious fnujdom ; if it
learn the worth of these principles, which, in braver days, it was
thought cheap to hold by martrydom ; if in these times of peril,
when superstition on the one hand is restless to regain its as-
cendency ; and indifferentism on the other hand reduces all re-
ligion to a bald and dishonouring symbolism, some be stirred
by these pages into a conviction of the value of the truth, and
into a search for the feeling of its power, then this old tale of
the Siege of Derry will not have been reproduced in vain.
«i
I '\
rriiK
1 s
tlu! K(]
tivcly (
situatii
('ducat
ability
which
alleged
The
his Di
(Icnco (
it he I
good ci
their ^
extend
of his 1
iny aci
priety,
could
instrun
coiiclut
art or
feet, it
plicity,
Allt
degree
but wi
Diary,
affbrdii
always
recordi
I*liKH^A.02D.
r>i
rpilFi first account which appoaiwl in print of tlift infunuXAblf
1
Siege of Deny, in \i')f!'*J, was tin- Diiuy of it pubJi.slu'd by
tlie Rev. (J-EOKdK VValkkk, in the autumn of that yCar. Ao-
tivcly employoil, at a very advanced period of life, in an arduous
situation, for the (hities of wliich he liad not he.en prepared by
education or experience, tliero is more cause to ^vondm- ab tJvo
al)ility with which lie discharged thcni, and the accuracy wibU
which he recorded them afterwards, than to he stirpriscd abJbiff
alh'ged deficiencies either as a commander or an historian.
The address to King WlLLfAM and C^ueen M All Y, prefix tul io
his Diary, is a master-piece in its kind, beiu'ing internal CTl-
(lence of its coming from the pen of a great and good man. X)i
it he boasts only of the double comfort of tlu! Ujsbimony uJ£ a
good conscience and the gracious acceptance of his services hy
their Majesties. He expresses gratitude for the Koyal bouuty
extended to himself, and omits not to recommend the services
of his fellow-sufferers. He apologizes, as a churchman, for hav"
ing acted in that service a pArt which might, witli more pro*
priety, have been done by other hands — refers all honour feliat
could accrue to liim, to that great Being, in whose hand 119
instrument is weak, and with equal modesty and eloquence,
concludes by observing, that although he had shown but little
art or skill in what he presumed to lay before their Majeslys'
feet, it had ornaments more valuable; than either; natural sinv^
plicity, sincerity, and plain truth.
All these were, however, soon afterwards questioned wibli a
degree of asperity, perhaps unparalleled on any other occasion ;
but with all the omissions and mistakes charged upon his
Diary, he carried away the palm of applause from his rivals,
affording to posterity an additional proof, that an Ulysses is
always an overmatch for an Ajax, and that the hero capable of
recording his own actions, and wise enough to do so with
[I i"
^4
Vlll
modnsty and without exaggeration, is more likely to get full
credit for his merit, than the illiterate warrior who requires
another man's pen to do justice to them.
The applause which immediately followed the puhlication of
fValkcrss Diary in London was unbounded. The heroic
author basked in a sunshine of royal and popular favour, seldom
beaming upon the head of any man at the same time, however
great his ml
'PHE
r
follow
showi
but re
been j
the le^
tinent
exteii
are :—
Engla
then r
than I
setts,
and b
count
"I:
from
1686,
arms
where
bers o
exert(
betwe
EXTKACTS
FKOM
MACAULAY'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND.
ii
' pHE reign of terror, under which every Protestant in Ireland
groaned at the time of the Revolution, will be seen in the
following extracts from Lord Macaulay's history of the events,
showing clearly that there was no other course open to them
but resistance to the Stuart dynasty — a dynasty which, had it
been perpetuated, must have sunk the whole British Empire to
the level of Spain, and Portugal, or Italy. And if, on this con-
tinent, a British settlement existed at all, we may judge of its
extent and character by what Mexico and Lower Canada now
are : —
" William had assumed, together with the title of King of
England, the title of King of Ireland. For all our jurists
then regarded Ireland as a mere colony, more important indeed
than Massachusetts, Virginia, and Jamaica, but, like Massachu-
setts, Virginia, and Jamaica, dependent on the mother country,
and bound to j)ay allegiance to the Sovereign whom the mother
country had called to the throne.
" In fact, however, the revolution found Ireland emancipated
from the dominion of the P]nglish colony. As early as the year
1686, James had determined to make that island a place of
arms which might overawe Great Britain, and a place of refuge
where, if an> disaster happened in Great Britain, the mem-
bers of his Church might hud refuge. With this view he had
exerted all his power for the purpose of inverting the relation
between the conquerors and the aboriginal population. The
'. i
' hi
I
I
i ;■
\1\
II
111
XIV
execution of liis design he had intrusted, in spite of the renion
strances of his English counsellors, to the Lord Deputy Tyrcon-
nel. In the autumn of 1G88, the process was complete. The
highest offices in the state, in the army, and in the Courts of
.Justice, were, with scarcely an exception, filled by I'apists. A
pettifogger named Alexander Fitton, who had 1)een detected in
forgery, who had been fined for misconduct by the House of
Lords at Westminster, who had been many years in prison,
and Avho was equally deficient in legal knowledge and in the
natural good sense and acuteness by which the want of legal
knowledge has sometimes been supplied, was Lord Chancellor.
His single merit was that he had apostatized from the Protest-
ant religion ; and this merit was thought sufficient to wash out
even the stain of his Saxon extraction. He soon proved him-
self worthy of the confidence of his patrons. On the bench of
justice, he declared that there was not one heretic in forty
thousand who was not a villain. He often, after hearing a
cause, in which the interests of his Church were concerned,
postponed his decision, for the purpose, as he avowed, of con-
sulting his spiritual director, a Spanish priest, well read, doubt-
less, in Escobar. Thomas Nugent, a Koman Catholic, who had
never distinguished himself at the bar, except l)y his brogue
and his blunders, was Chief Justice of the King's Bench.
Stephen Eice, a Reman Catholic, whose abilities and learning
were not disputed even by the enemies of his nation and re-
ligion, but whose known hostility to the Act of Settlement ex-
cited the most painful apprehensions in the minds of all who
lield property under that Act, was Chief Baron of the Excheq-
uer. Richard Nagle, an acute and well read lawyer, who had
been educated in a Jesuit college, and whose prejudices were
such as might have been expected from his education, was
Attorney-General.
" Keating, a highly respectable Protestant, was still Chief
Justice of the Common Pleas ; but two Roman Catholic Judges
sat with him. It ought to be added that one of those judges,
Daly, was a man of sense, moderation and integrity. The
matters, however, which came before the Court of Common
Pleas were not of great moment. Even the King's Bench
was at this time almost deserted. The Court of Exchequer
overflowed with business ; for it was the only court at Dublin
XV
I'idin which no writ of (UTor lay to KngKaid, and consofiuontly
the only court in which the f^nglish could bo oppressed and
pillaged without hope of redress. Rice, it was said, ha
'^ 1
i
I.
■^ ^M
m
, ^
I fi
XVllI
in the manufacture of imploments which were to bo us«m1
against his nation and his religion, lie was flung into prison.
It seems probable that, at the end of Febuary, at least a huii
dred thousand Irishmen were in arms. Near fifty thousand ot
them were soldiers. The rest were banditti, whose violeuc ••
and licentiousfiess the Government afTected to disapprove, but
did not really exert itself to suppress. The Protestants not
only were not protected, but were not suffered to protect them-
selves. It was determined that they should be left unarmed
in the midst of an armed and hostile population. A day was
fixed on which they were to bring all their swords and fire-
locks to the parish churches ; and it was notified that every
Protestant house in which, after that day, a weai)on should be
found should be given up to be sacked by the soldiers. liitter
comi)laints were made that any knave might, l)y hiding a
spear head or an old gun barrel in a corner of a mansion, bring
utter ruin on the owner.
" Chief Justice Keating, himself a Protestant, and almost
the only Protestant who still held a great place in Ireland,
struggled courageously in the cause of justice and ordtr against
the united strength of the Government and the populace. At
the Wicklow assizes of that spring, he, from tlie seat of judg-
ment, set forth with great strength of language the miserable
state of t)ie country. Whole counties, he said, were devastated
by a rabhle resembling the vultures and ravens which follow
the march of an army. Most of these wretches were not sol-
diers. They acted under no authority known to the law. Yet
it was, he owned, but too evident that they were encouraged
and screened by some who were in high command. How else
could it be that a market overt for plunder should be held with-
in a short distance of the capital 1 The stories which travellers
told of the savage Hottentots, near the Cape of Good Hope,
were realized in Leinster. Nothing w\as more common than
for an honest man to lie down rich in flocks and herds, acquiretl
by the industry of a long life, and to wake a beggar. It was,
however, to small purpose that Keating attempted, in the midst
of that fearful anarchy, to uphold the supremacy of the law.
Priests and military chiefs appeared on the bench for the pur-
pose of overawing the judge and countenancing the robbers.
One ruffian escaped because no prosecutor dared to appear.
XIX
Aiiotlu!!' doclanMl that he liaarbarous^
and more remote from the seat of (Jovernment. Keating' ap-
pears to have been the otdy mai^istrate who strenuously exerted
himself to j»ut tin; law in force. Indeed Nu<;ent, the Chief
.lustice of the highest criminal court of the realm, dt^clared on
tho bench at Cork that, without violence and spoliation, the
intentions of the Government could not be carried into effect,
anf tlu^ bancpiets of the
ilappan'es was such as the dramatists of Crub Street could
scarcely caricature. \\'hen Lent began, the plunderer.s gener-
ally ceascfl to devour, but continued to destroy. A i)easant
would kill a cow, merely in order to get ii pair of brogues.
Oftt'n a whole Hock of sheep, often a herd of fifty or sixty kin<',
was slauiilitereil : the beasts were flaved ; the fleeces and hides
were carried away ; and tlu^ bodies were left to poisoti the air.
The French anil)assador reported to liis master that, in six
weeks, fifty thousand horned cattle had been slain in this
manner, and were rotting on the ground all over the country.
The number of sheep that were butchered during the same
time, wa.s po[)ularly said to have been three or four hundred
thousand.
" Any estimate which now can he framed of the value of
the property destroyed during this fearful conflict of races
must necessarily be very inexact. We are not, however,
absolutely without materials for such an estimate. The (Qua-
kers w^ere neither a very numerous nor a very opulent class.
We can hardly suppose that they were more than a fiftieth
part of the Protestant population of Ireland, or that they pos-
sessed more than a fiftieth part of Protestant wealth of Ireland.
They were undoubtedly better treated than any other Protest-
ant sect. James liad always been partial to them ; they own
that Tyrconnel did his best to protect them ; and they
seem to have found favour even in the sight of the Rapparees.
\XI
\vl the Qjiakora rotnpuicHl tlirir pocnniary \()Hhoh at a ImiidnMl
tlioii.saiul pniindh.
'• Jn Lcinstcr, Mimstcr, and Ooiinaii^dit, it was uttorly im-
l)().ssil)le for tin; Kn^lish settlers, few as tliey were and di.sj)eised,
to offer any efi'ectual reHistaiico to this terrible outburst of
the aborij^'iiial population. Ciiarlesville, Mallow, Slij^o, fell
into the han«ls of the natives, liandon, where the Protestants
had niustereieces of ordnance were coming to batter
down the tiirf wall Avhich surrounded the agent's house. Then
at length a capitulation wa"> concluded. The colonists were
sullered to embark in a small ve.s.sel scantily su{)plied with food
and water. They liad no experienced navigator on board :
l)ut after a voyage of a fortnight, during which they were
crowded together like slaves in a (iuinea shij), and suffered the
extremity of thirst and liunger, they reached IJristol in safety.
Vhen such was the fate of the towns, it was evident that the
country seats which the Protcstanc landowners had recently
fortified in the three southern provinc«!S could no long(!r be de-
fended. Many families .submitted, delivered up tluiir arms,
and thought them.selves happy in escaping with life. IJut
many resohite and liigh-spirited gentlemen and yeomen were
determined to perish rather than yield. They i)acked up such
valuable property as could easily be carric^d away, burned what-
ever they could not remove, and, well armed and mounted, set
out for those spots in Ulster which were the strongholds of
their race and of their faith. The flower of tlu^ Prot(!stant
])opulation of Munster and Connaught found shelter at Enni.s-
killen. Whatever was bravest and most truehearted in licin-
ster took the road to Londonderry.
"The spirit of Enniskillen and Londonderry ro.se higher and
higher to meet the danger. At ])oth places the tidings of
what had been done by the Convention at Westminster were
received with transports o. joy. AVilliam and Mary weie ]»ro-
cluimed at Enniskillen with unanimous enthusiasm, and with
I. \
I
I
I
' ti
, I
' 'I
XXll
such pomp as the littlo town couhl furnish. FiUndy, who com-
manded at Londonderry, could not venture to oppc^se himself
to the general sentiments of tiie citizens and of his ow)i soldiers.
He, therefore, gave in his adhesion to the new Government, and
signed a declaration by which lie bound himself to stand by
that (Government on pain of being considered a coward and a
traitor. A vessel from Euiiland soon
brought
a commission
from William and Mary, which confirmed him in his office.
"To reduce tht Protestants <»f Ulster to submission before
aid could arrive from England was now the chief object of
Tyrconnel. A great force was ordered to move northward,
under the command of Kichard Hamilton. This man had
violated all the obligations which are held sacred by gentlemen
and soldiers', had broken faith with liis friends, the Temples,
had forfeited his military parole, and was now not ashamed to
take the field as a general against the Government to which he
was bound to render himself up as a prisoner. His march left
on th(3 face of the country traces which the most careless eye
could not, during many years, fail to discern. His army was ac-
companied l)y a rabble, su(;]i as Keating had well compared to
the unclean birds of prey Avhich swarm wherever the scent of
carrion is strong. The general professed himself anxious to
save from ruin and outrage all Protestants who remained quiet-
ly at their homes : and he most readily gave them protections
under his iiand. But these protections proved of no avail ;
and he was forced to own that, whatever power he might be
able toexercise over his' soldiers, he could not keep order among
the mob of camp followers. The country behind him was a
wilderness ; and soon tiie country before him became equally
desolate. For at the fame of his approach the colonists burned
their furniture, pulled down their houses, and retreated northl
ward. Some of tlunn attempted to make a stand at Dromore,
but were broken and scattered. Then the flight became wild
and tumultuous. The fugitives broke down the bridges antl
burned the ferry-boats. Whole towns, the seats of the Protest-
ant poi)ulation, were left in ruins without one inhabitant. The
people of Omagh destroyed their own dwell 'ngs so utterly, that
no roof was left to shelter the enemy from the rain and wind.
The people of Cavan migrated in one body to Enniskillen.
The day was wet and stormy. The road was deep in mire.
It was a pi
woman anc
the mud uj
PS the foes
pouring in
both sexes
warks of t
of the oce:
mood in w
subjugatec
'■'' /
♦ I 1
XXUl
ho com-
himself
joldiers.
ent, and
tand by
d and a
mission
ffice.
1 before
bject of
thward,
lan had
itlemen
emples,
med to
hich he
rch left
ess eye
was ac-
)ared to
scent of
:ions to
:1 quiet-
tections
avail ;
iglit be
amonir
1 was a
equally
burned
north ^
omore,
le wild
es and
'rotest-
. The
y, that
wind,
killen.
mire.
It was a piteous sight to see, mingled with the armed men, the
woman and children weeping, famished, and toiling through
the mud up to their knees. All Lisburn Hed to Antrim ; and,
j)S the foes drew nearer, all Lisburn and Antrim together came
pouring into Londonderry. Thirty thousand Prcitestauts, of
both sexes and of every age, were crowded behind the bul-
warks of tlie city of refuge. Tliere, at lengtli, on tlu' \ erge
of the ocean, hunted to the last ai-ylum, and baited into a
mood in M-hich men may be destroyed, but will not easily be
subjugated, the imperilled race turned desperately to buy."
r*,
I
fii^: ii
tH\
i
A
SI
so it V
tellige
Earl c
rations
lin, an
King,
the E
theVi
towarc
such a
and ii
reverse
the bo
Grand
fate of
that tl
tion of
bunchc
The
sand ii
orders
them
this I
ascribe
Goven
regime
was w
depart
comnK
DIARY, &c.
il
1
h
AS Ireland was doomed to be tlie arena upon whicli the fato
of the liberty of the AVest of Europe was to be decided,
60 it was from this Island that , James II. received the first in
telligence of the Prince of Orange's designs against him. The
Earl of Tyrconnel obtained the earliest account of the prepa-
rations in Holland, by a ship which arrived in the bay of Dub-
lin, and he lost no time in transmitting his report of it to the
King. It was received with the utmost scorn and derision by
the English Court ; the Secretary ridiculed it in his reply to
the Viceroy, who, nevertheless, was observed to lower his tone
towards the Protestants, and to talk of his impartiality in
such a way as to indicate his desire to secure the confidence
and intercession of some of them, in his apprehension of a
reverse of fortune. Chief Justice Nugent, however, echoed
the bolder sentiments of the Romish party in his charge to a
Grand Jury, in which he promised the Prince of Orange the
fate of the Duke of Monmouth, and declared his conviction
that the Protestant rebels of England would, before the expira-
tion of one short month, be seen hanging in all parts of it like
bunches of onions.
The army in Ireland, at this time, amounted to eight thou-
sand in number, and the Lord Lieutenant, in compliance with
orders most injudiciously sent to him, transported one half of
them to England. With respect to the City of Londonderry,
this proved a most fortunate circumstance, and is justly
ascribed by Walker to the providential infatuation of the Chief
Governor's counsels. On this occasion, Lord Mountjoy's entire
regiment, which had been quartered in and al)out this city,
was withdrawn from it, and the regret of the citizens at their
departure, on account of their reliance on the no1)leman who
commanded it, as well as on a few I'rotestants among the
?l
^!i
II
! Ill 'I
1':
I'
^i
,! I
officers and privates, may bo noticed as an additional proof of
the ignorance of mnn, in jii^rieving at occurrences, for which he
ouglit rather to rejoice. Had this regiment not been removed
from the city, it would have been morally impossible for the
inhabitants to resist the tyrant, and the possession of it, to-
gethei- with Carrickfergus and Belfast, by the adherents of
James, would have opened such a communication between Ire-
land, Scotland, and the North of England, as must have
fi'usti'ated every attempt at accomplishing the Kevolution.
The troops which remained at the disposal of Tyrconnel
were but a handful, compared to the Protestants capable of
bearing arms, and burning with imi)atience to wield tliem, and
Avho had weapons enough in the city of Dublin alone, to enable
them to disarm their adversaries. When they heard that James
had sent commissioners to treat with their deliverer, it was with
the utmost difficulty they were prevailed upon to refrain from
seizing the C^astle of Dublin, and making Tyrconnel, who had
only six hundred men to protect him, their prisoner. The con-
stnnt arrival of expresses from England with accounts of the
Prince's Avonderful successes, so disheartened the Irish army,
that they declared they were ready to lay down their arms,
and satisfied to return to the condition in which they were
during the preceding reign. Tyrconnel himself signified to the
Protestants his desire that they would intimate this proposal to
their friends in England, and stated that he was willing to
resign the sword, with King James's permission, which he
deemed it probable he would soon receive.
The Kev. William King, afterwards successively Bishop of
Derry and Archbishop of Dublin, was at this time President of
the Chapter of St. Patrick's, Dublin, to the Deanery of which
he succeeded on the 26th of January, 1689. He had already
distinguished himself by an able reply to the considerations
Avhich had induced Peter Manby, Dean of Derry, to conform to
the Popish religion, and he was now actively employed in keeping
up a correspondence with the friends of the Prince of Orange
in England. Encouraged by the advices whicli he received in
return, he earnestly persuaded the Protestants to embrace the
deliverance offered to them by Divine Providence, to acknowlege
the Prince of Orange for their King, and to submit to his
authority. This had a wonderful influence on the spirits of the
I 'I
i t'M
he
people, and disposed them to a zealous defence of their religion
and civil rights.
The Protestants, in all difficult cases, had recourse to him
for advice how to conduct themselves in such a dangerous pre-
dicament as that in which tliey stood at that crisis ; and such a
counseller was then of incalculal)le benefit to them. Nor was
he of less service to the Protestant cause on the other sid(! of St.
(rcorge's Channel, where a most powerful body of the clergy and
Laity of th' Established Church adhered to James, and had
been most grossly deceived by reports indefatigably circulated
amongst them, of the great mildness of that tyrannical Prince's
government towards the Protestants of Ireland. To counteract
the dangerous effects of such representations, everywhere
received as truth, Mr. King took the utmost care, by private
letters, to undeceive the people of England, undertaking an
arduous duLy, at all times necessary for the preservation of the
English and Protestant interest in this place, and never
more so than at the period of our history now under review, if
we may except the present times, when, for upwards of forty
years, the system of delusion with respect to Ireland, is un-
happily practised with so much success, not only in one of the
houses of the Legislature, but in the inmost recesses of the cabi-
net of the Empire.
To such a pitch was this delusion carried in Scotland, even
ofter the arrival of William and the flight of James, in 1088,
that Sir Daniel McDaniel, who came out of the Isles of Orkney
to Dublin in the ensuing year, with several gentlemen of the
Highlands, declared that their ministers in the pulpits had as-
sured them that the Protestants of Ireland lived under King
James in the greatest freedom, quiet, and security, both as
to their properties and religion ; and that if the Protestants of
Scotland knew the truth of the matter, as they then found it,
here, they would never fight a single stroke for him. Similar
mistakes prevailed in England at the same time, and agents
were dispatched through the coffee-houses, taverns, and other
puldic places, to disseminate an opinion that the Protestants of
Ireland lived easy and happy under Tyrconnel's government,
while they were bleeding under the lash of his intolerable
tyranny.
in this sta.-c of public feeling in the metropolis, a letter was
;:i.
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(Iropt at Cumber, in the County of Down, where the Karl of
Mount- Ahixander resided, dated December 3, 1G88, informing
that nobleman, that on Sunday the 9th of that month, the
Irish throughout the whole Island, in i)ursuance of an oath
which they had taken, were to rise and massacn; the Protes-
tants, men, women, and children, and warning him to take
particular care of himself, as a CajUain's commission would he
the reward of the man who would murder him. Tlier(; was no
name subscribed to this letter, and the bad writing and low
style of it, seemed to argue that it was penned l)y one of the
lowest of the natives. Letters to th(! same purpose were writ-
ten to a Mr. Brown, ofLisburn; Mr. Maitland, of IIillsb(jrough
and others. Whether the letter to Lord Mount- Alexander was
a false alarni or not, the most decided friends of the Kevolution
did not dispute, but all the Protestants who saw it agreed, that
in such a posture of their affairs, it was not a document which
they ouglit to suppress, and accordingly copies of it were, on
the next day, forwarded to Dublin by Sir W. Franklin, Arthur
Upton, Esq., W. Coningham, Esq., and Mr. Thomas Knox,
not only to alarm the Protestants in that city, but to give
them theopportunity of communicating the ontents of it to all
other parts of Ireland.
Early on the day after the arrival of this intelligence in Dub-
lin, upwards of three thousand terrified Protestants, deserting
their houses and their property, embarked on board ships
which happened to be in the bay at that time, in which they
were so crowded, that many of them were in danger of being
suffocated.
Tyrconnel in vain attempted to repress the tide of public
terror. On Sunday morning he sent two Protestant Lords to
persuade the people not to go away, and he ordei'ed a yacht to
bring back some of those who had gone, but all his endea
vours were ineffectual, they had lost all confidence in him ; and
his oaths, of which he was remarkably profuse on all occasions,
were now unable to obtain any credit from them. On the
same day the report arrived in many of the principal towns in
Ireland, while the Protestants were; at church, and it struck
them with such terror, that many of them broke out through
the windows, others pushed towards the doors, regardless of
the danger of being crushed to death by a crowd struggling
to escape ])y tin; same passage. Hats, caps, ami shoes were left
behind, clothes torn to pieces, and women and children severely
injured, by being crushed against the walls or trampled under
foot in the confusion.
For several Sundays the Protestants carried weapons of all
sorts with them into their churches, and even their othciating
ministers were armed with sword and pistols in their pulpits.
Two contending churches were at this time literally militant
in Ireland, and a primitive christian, without reference to the
justice of the cause on either side, would have wept and depre-
cated the weapons of the warfare.
Copies of the letter to Lord ]\Iount-Alexander arrived in
Enniskillen on Friday the 7th, and obtained immediate credit
in that town, in wliich many persons then lived who had sur
vived and recollected the massacre of 1641. Letters wen; im-
mediately despatched from the town to all the gentlemen in the
surrounding country, requesting their assistance to repel two
companies of foot belonging to Sir Tlios. Newcomen's regiment,
for which Tyrconnel had ordered them to provide quarters, but
whom they were desirous to keep out, although there were but
eighty inhabitants in the town, and they were not possessed of
ten pounds of gunpowder, or more than twenty muskets in
complete repair. The messengers returned to them, as might
be expected, with but little encouragement, but the Enniskil-
lenners, steady to their purpose, resolved not to receive the
Popish garrison, and commenced the most active preparations
for defence.
A copy of this letter was sent by William Coningham, Esq.,
fjom Belfast, inclosed in one of his own, to George Canning,
Es({., of Garvagh, in the County of Londonderry. Mr. Canning,
V'hose father had been cruelly murdered in his own house in
that place on the commencement of the massacre of 1641, sent
this letter with the utmost expedition to Alderman Tomkins, in
Derry, according to the strict injunction of Mr. Coningham.
A gentleman, meeting with this messenger on the way, was in-
formed of the contents of his despatches, and sent the informa-
tion to George PhilUps, of Nn-Limavady, on the sixth of
December, on which day a part of the Earl of Antrim's new
regiment arrived there, on itf5 way to Londonderry. Mr.
Phillips, then in his ninetieth year, with a promptness to be
i
il
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6
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cxpectctl ill ii veteran liij^hly distinguislietl t!ir<>n<:h the whole
of the preceding civil wars, s(;nt a messenger at niiclnight to
the city with an account of what had l)een coninnmicated to him,
and to acfjuaint liis friends there what description of guests
th(;y were liki'ly to have on the ensuing day. He wrote to
them, ttiat instead of six or eight companies of Iiish Papists,
and Scottish Highlanders of the; same; icligion, as had been re-
portiMJ. this regiment consisted (jf about double the number,
attended by a nudtitude of v/omen and Ijoys.
At an early hour next morning, Mr. Phillips sunt another
mess(Miger t(» liondonderry, ex])ressing his increased apprehen-
sion of the consequences of sufl'ering this reiiiment to enter the
city, and advising the citizens to look to their safevy. The
messenger, who was charged with the delivery of the letter, told
them that \ui had left some of the foremost companies within
two miles of the town, the rest being on their WAy. The
Aldermen, with the rest of the leading men of tlu; city, were
in great confusion on receiving thtiso accounts. Alderman
Tomkins consulted Mr. Gordon, a non-conformist minister,
who not only advised the closing of the gates, but wrot(5 imme-
diately to several neighbouring parishes to warn the Protestants
of their danger, and solicit their assistance. Alderman Norman
and others, in the meantime, wore consulting the Bisliop, and
found that venerable prelate cautious from years, and, by the
principles of his sacred profession, an enemy to resistance. Dr.
Hopkins had been educated at Oxford, in Calvanistic and In-
deperdent Drinciples, but, upon the restoration of Charles II,
he confoni?d to the Church of England, and became an
eminent preacher. He had at this time been nearly twenty
years in Ireland, where he had successively occupied the stations
of Treasurer of the See of Waterford, Dean and Bishop of
Kaphoe, from which Latter he had been translated to the
Bishopric of Derry, where he was greatly esteemed for his hu-
mility, modesty, hosp^'"ality and charity.
But the strongest incitement to the Protestants to preserve
this their last refuge from persecution, arose from the i)ublic
and unguarded declarations of the Romish Priests in the Mass-
houses, that they had some great design in hand, wdiereof their
congregations should soon have particular notice ; that it was
their indispensable duty, at the peril of their salvation, to do
wliiitcvor tlicir priests sliould diifct and enjoin tlieni, nM|uiiin/:;
them in the mcaiitime " TC l'.^^ am> kiunisii tiik.msklvks
WITH Tin: IlKST WKAI'ONS TMKY ColI.K." Tllc stolirs of thir<
kind, which wcit- told ])y sonici of the I'apists tlunisclvrs. trained
tilt? more credit, from its hein^ (>})st'rved throiit;h the whoh'
kin;^'(h)ni, that not only the men, but tlie women .and boys of
the Ivomish peisuasion, be<^'an to su])i»ly themselves with a
weapon called a skkan or knife, and a kind of halt pike ; it
beini; the chief employment of the smiths in the country to
make this kind of aiins for them. Tlu'se women, who trained
up their unhappy sons in the habit of roblx-ry and bloodshed,
entaihid a severe curse upon the country, in the llAlM'AUKKS, as
the}' were called, " a sort of Irish vultures," says Mackenzie,
** who followed the armies to linish the work of death, and
prey upon tlie spoils of the litdd of battle." The frcfjuent con-
ferences of the i*o[)isli Clergy in the County of Donegal, had
excited great suspicion, paiticuhirly an account of some violent
debates said to have arisen between the Priests and Friars
about the execution of somegreat design. A sermon preached
to the Popish garrison of Derry, in tlie open IVIarket-house, in
October, 1088, contributed much to aUirm the Protestants,
some of whom were among the hearers. T\w, subject of this
sermon was Saul's treatment of the Amalakites, in which t\m
preacher strongly insisted on the danger of sparing one of those
whom Heaven had devoted to destruction, " God," he said,
" deserted Saul, and took the kingdom from him, and ruined
both him and his family, for that very reason, as he certainly
would punish all who should be guilty of a similar disobci-
dience ; adding, that the people were always, as at that tim(»,
from Samuel, obliged to take their directions from their Clergy
as from God, and punctually observe the same at the peril of
their souls." The application of all this, at such a juncture,
was not to be mistaken even by persons of less sagacity than
the people of Londonderry proved to be. Some of these Eccle-
siastics were observed to buy fire-arms, and to get several chain
bridles made, a few of whicli were accidently found and seized
by George Phillips, Esq. The Poi)ish Priests now casting
•away all regard for a clerical appearance, assumed swords and
periwigs, turned military commanders, and exercised the new
raised soldiers. All the scum and rascality of the country were
'),.
I
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m
t
mado ofticcrs ; in every pnrt of tlie lsl:in(l l*:i|>ists enlisted
themselves, and their Priests sutlereil no man t(» come to mass
that did not arm himself with a skean and a half pike.
liy Colonel JMiillips' first letter from Nn-Limavady, it ap-
peared that the Karl of Antrim's regiment consisted of a mneh
greater nnmber of men than was at first snp])osed ; the com-
l)anies wen; eight in numlx-r, instead of six, wliich had l)een
announced, nnd were attended by a great iinmhei- of women
and ])()ys. In a second lettia* he expressecl his sense of the
danger of admitting such a crew into the city, and advised
them to take care of their own safety. 'I'he .messenger who
brought this letter said that he had left sonu^ of the foremost
companies within two miles of the town, the rest ])eing on their
way. The Protestant inha])itants were t(;rriiied ; several of
them assembled in groups through the; streets. TnK ArruKN-
TICE Boys, with a mol) of the lower orders along with them,
muttered something about shutting the gates ; tliey got some
l>rivato encouragement to do so at first, but that was soon re-
tracted, and the minds of all the men of weight fluctuf.ted in
a miserable doubt of the most prudent course to take. In the
meantime two companies of the unwelcome regiment arrived
at the Water-side, commanded by a Lieutenant and an Ensign.
Their officers, leaving their men there, were ferried over, and
waited on the Deputy Mayor and the Sheriffs, with their au-
thority for demanding admission. John Buchanan, the Deputy,
a man secretly devoted to the interest of James, had no objec-
tion to give the regiment a most honourable recei)tion, but
Horace Kennedy, one of the Sheriffs, had given the Prentice
Boys a secret hint during the preceding night, and they were
at hand, prepared to shut the gates against the regiment.
While they were in some consultation with ea'^h other on the
subject, the Irish soldiers, impatient at the delay of their
officers, or having, it was thought, some intimation of the na-
ture of the reception intended for them, find a strong desire to
frustrate it, crossed the river, and appeared on the landing
place, about three hundred yards from the ferry-gate. The
young men of the city observing this, about eight or nine
of them, whose names deserve to be preserved in letters A gold;
viz. : — Henry Campsie, William Crookshanks, Robert
Sherrard, Daniel Sherrard, Alexander Irwin, James
9
(ling
Stkwart, Robeut iMoRriisoN, Ai.exander Coninoham,
Saml'kl Hunt, witli Jamks Sfiki:, John Conincmiam, Wil
LiAM Caihns, Samukl Hakvkv, jukI muw. oLIhts who soon
joined them, run to the main guard, seizcfl tlve keys after a
shu'ht opposition, came to the ferry-gate, drew up the bridge
and locktid tlie gate, Lord Antrim's soldit^rs having ailvancod
witliin sixty yanls of it. They then ran to secure tht! other
three gates, and liaving left guards at each of them, assembU'd
in the markt;t place,
Tliis kindled an ardent spirit among the lower orders, and
more youthful {)art of the inhabitants to defend the city, but
there was still sonu; opposition to the measure ; the Deputy
Mayor, strongly attaclKnl to King James's interest, attended
by the Slieriffs, cam(f to the market-plac»i attended by two
Po[)ish ofHcers, and others of the same persuasion, where, by
promis3S and threats, they endeavoured to prevail on tlie people
to throw the gates open to the King's soldiers, and they had
taken the precaution to secure the magazine, by placing a
guard of their own over it. The youthful heroes perceiving
the measures, sent a party to counteract it, and Campsie, who
led them, was wounded by a sentinel named Linegar, a reputed
Papist. The circumstance of Protestant blood already flowing
from a wound inflicted by such hands, at such a crisis, and in
such a place, had an instantaneous and irresistible effect. It
was in vam that the Bishop atlded his remonstrances to those
which had been already used, talked of an allegiance to an ab-
dicated King, and preached peace and submission. Mackenzie
observes, " that the dull heads of the men of Londonderry
could not comprehend how it could be a great crime to shut
the gates against those whom they believed had been sent to
cut fheir throats ;" and Archbisiiop King observed afterwards,
"that no man could blame the youtiiful heroe;: for their deci-
sion on this occasion. They were startled even at the external
appearance of the pack of ruffians now approaching their city,
attended by crowds of ferocious women and armed boys. Many
of the captains and other officers of this regiment were well
known there, having been long confined in the gaol for thefts
and robberies. Thev came too at the time wMien a >i;eneral
massacre of the Protestants was expected, and appeared to
have been the persons appointed for the perpetration of it in
11
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tliat place, n-ady, it wuh Ix'lieviMl, t(» commit siu^h villanios Secretary, the principal magis-
trates and commanders in the city gave him a letter to the
London Society, stating what had happened, and imploring
their assistance, concluding m the following energetic manner :
— "We most humbly and heartily beseech you, as you are men
of bowels and charity, to assist this gentleman, how best you
can, to secure us from the common danger, and that we may
peaceably live, obeying his Majesty and the laws, doing injury
to no man, P'^r wishing it to any. Your interest here is now
no argument worthy to engage you ; the lives of thousands of
innocent men, women, and children are at stake. If you can
and will not now afford your help to the utmost, ve shall never
be able to use a motive to induce you or to prevail upon you.
May the Lord send deliverance to us, and preserve you all in
peace." This letter was signed first by George Phillips, who
had re-assumed his old oflice as Governor of the City ; Campsie,
Norman, Tomkins, and others, also affixed their signatures to
it. Cairnes was also supplied with a private key for the pur-
pose of carrying on a secret correspondence. On the sane
day, the people of the town were formed into six companies,
under the command of the following ofhcers : —
1st — Captain Samuel Norman, Lieutenant William Crookahanks,
and Ensign A exander Irwin.
2nd — Captain Alexander Lecky, Lioutenant James Lennox, and
Ensign John Hai*vey.
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11
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14
3rd — Captain Matthew Cocken, Lieutenant Henry Long, Ensign
Francis Hunt.
.4th — Captain Warham Jemmet, Lieutenant Robert Morison, and
Ensign Daniel Sherrard.
5th. — Captain John Tomkins, Lieutenant James Spright, and En-
sign Alexander Cunningham.
6th — Captain Thomas Moncrief, Lieutenant James Morrison, and
Ensign William Macky.
On Tuesday, the 11th, Mr. Cairnes set out for London, and
on the same day Governor Philips went to Newton-Limavady,
where he raised two or three hundred horse, with which he
returned in a few days. William Hamilton, of Mayagh,
brought in two or three hundred more, who tendered their ser-
vices to the general cause.
In the meantime, the Irish in all places were assembhd in
great bodies, killing the cattle of the Protestants, and stealing
one hundred or two at once in a night, so that many substan-
tial gentlemen, who had been the owners of several hundreds
of black cattle and sheep had not one left, and for forty miles
together in the province of Munster, the Irish cabins were full
of beef stolen from the Protestants, which they did not so much
as strew salt upon, but hung it up in the smpke, so that the best
of it looked and smelled like carrion. It was computed that in
nine days the Irish stole eleven thousand head of cattle in that
one Province, and at length to complete the miseries of those ex-
posed to this cruel persecution, their houses were robbed and
pillaged, so that many who had lived in great plenty and hos-
pitality, now wanted the common necessaries of life, and had
nothing left to preserve them from starving.
The Province of Connanght was in a state equally deplorable,
and about this time several of the Protestant gentlemen of tii^
Counties of Sligo and Roscommon, fled with their families into
Enniskillen ; among these were Thomas Lloyd and Daniel Hud-
son, Esqrs., the former of whom signalized himself as Colonel
of one of the regiments embodied there.
On Thursday, the 13th of December, nevs arrived in Ennis-
killen that the two companies of foot, whose presence they so
much feared, were on their march towards them, and on
Friday, the 14th, that thiuy had arrived in Clones, within
eighteen miles of them. The townsmen then sent again to all
'i
the oth
lution
15
their neighbours, beseeching them to come to their relief, and
offering them free quarters for man and horse. Upon this,
many came into the town, resolved to stand firm to the last
extremity in defence of their lives and the Protestant religion.
Upon Saturday, the 15th of December, the men of Enniskillen
wrote the following letter, directed to David Cairnes, Esq., or
the other officers commanding in Londonderry : —
" Gentlemen — The frequent intelligence we have from all parts
ofj this kingdom, of a general massacre of the Protestants, and
two companies ot i^ot of Sir Thomas Newcomen's regiment, viz :
Captain Nugent's and Captain Shurloe's being upon their march to
garrison here, and now within ten miles, hath put us upon a reso-
lution of refusing them entrance ; our desire being only to pre-
serve our own lives, and the lives of our neighbours, this place being
the most considerable pass between Connaught and Ulster ; and
hearing of your resolutions, »»"e thought it convenient to impart this
to you, as likewise to beg your assistance both in your advice and
relief, especially in helping us with some powder, and carrying on a
correspondence with us hereafter, as we shall, with God's assistance,
do with you, which is all at present. Gentlemen, from your faithful
friends and fellow-christiana.
The Inhabitants of Enniskillen.
'^ From Enniskillen December 15, 1G88.
" We are not now in a condition to spare men for a guard, there-
fore we must entreat your assistance in that.
♦ I
" Allen Cathcart.
William Browning.
Thomas Shore.
William Smith.
Archibald Hamilton.
Malcome Cathcart,
Jar^es Ewart.
Robert Clarke."
On this day, b'^ing Saturday, the two toot companies came to
Maguire's bridge, on their way to Enniskillen, and within eight
miles of it. On Sunday, the IGth, at ten o'clock, vvord was
brought into the town that they were on their march, and
had arrived at Lisbellaw. Most of the inhabitants of the town
were in church at that time, but soon came out and got under
arms, resolved to advance and meet tlu^ enemy. On being
drawn out they were found to amount to about two hundred
infantry, and one hundred and fifty horse. Of these a few
were sent before the rest to parley with the companies and
dissuade them from advancing, and they bn^ught ale and some
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provisions to treat them in case of a compliance. Gustavus
Hamilton, Esq., afterwards their Governor, joined them this
day, with about one hundred horsemen, Avithin a mile of the
town, and at the same time a report reached them that the
two companies advancing towards them had several horse loads
of spare arms with them, for the purpose of arming some of
the multitudes of the Popish peasantry who flocked to them
from all quarters.
The Enniskillen horse now advanced towards these com-
panies and their tumultuous adherents, and a view of them was
sufficient to drive the whole rabble in confusion and precipitate
flight back to Maguire's bridge. The oflScers of the two com-
panies were at dinner in a gentleman's house, at some little
distance from their men, when this happened, but they hastened
to overtake them and outstrip them in their flight. On the
next day, Monday 17th, the fugitives arrived in Cavan, where
they staid in great fear of the Enniskillen men, till they re-
ceived orders from Tyrconnel to march into other quarters.
On the 18th of December, Gustavus Hamilton, Esq., wa's
unanimously chosen Governor of Enniskillen. He immediate-
ly gave orders to raise two companies of foot in and about the
town, under the command of Captains Allen and Malcolm Cath-
cart, and in a very few days he formed a good troop of horse
for liimself, from his own estate and the neighbourhood of it,
providing them with all the arms and necessaries he could pro-
cure for them. He then removed his family from their dwell-
ing-house into the castle of Enniskillen.
The month of January, 1G89, was spent by the men of En-
niskillen in the most active preparations for the defence of
their town. They raised several additional troops of horse and
companies of foot, in which they were much encouraged by
hearing of the unfortuna<.e James having disbanded his army,
deserted his kingdom, and fled into France. The officers used
the utmost endeavours to get all the fire-arms which they could
procure into a thorough state of repair ; they caused a great
number of pikes to be made, and beat out many old scythes,
fixing them on poles, l)y \,hich means, in a very short time,
the few foot then raised were in a tolerable posture of defence.
When about twelve companies and some few troops were thus
raised and armed, they were formed into a regiment, of which
the Gove]
Lieutenar
At this
request of
Protestan
letter, to
The delivi
who pron
afterwarc
his utmor
with it.
The Iris
render tht
of his vail
ship in wl
dom. It
dications,
was alreac
confirmed
missions ir
of the Cou
Lord King
manders.
panics, anr
hold corre
places.
The issu
pose of Ti
testants in
lesolution
defending
each other,
to take car
name he d(
George Wi
ty of Tyrol
of Dungan
Helen t stor
though at i
years Rect
17
the Governor was appointed Colonel, and Thomas Lloyd, Esq.,
Lieutenant-Colonel.
At this time the Prince of Orange, in compliance with the
request of both Houses of Parliament in I^ngland, and of the
Protestants of Ireland, summoned the Earl of Tyrconnel, by a
letter, to submit to the existing Administration in England.
The delivery of the letter was entrusted to Colonel Hamilton,
who promised to second it with his persuasions ; but it was
afterwards known that he acted an underhanded part, and used
his utmort endeavours to prevent the Viceroy from complying
with it.
The Irish Lords, at the same time, pressed Tyrconnel to sur-
render the Government, and he had already packed up most
of his valuaTile effects, and put some of his treasure on board a
ship in which it was supposed he intended to leave the king-
dom. It was, however, suspected that he meant, by these in-
dications, only to gain time and perfect the new levies which he
was already engaged in making; and these suspicions were
confirmed by his privately issuing five hundred military com-
missions in one day. On the 4th of this month the gentlemen
of the County of Sligo associated themselves, choosing Kobert,
Lord Kingston, and Captain Chidley Coote, their chief com-
manders. They then formed their force into troops and com-
panies, and stationed them on the frontiers of their county to
hold correspondence with Londonderry and the adjacent
places.
The issuing of many commissions by Tyrconnel for the pur-
pose of raising an Irish army continued to alarm the Pro-
testants in all parts of Ulster, who were now confirmed in their
lesolution of putting themselves in the best possible state for
defending themselves. They held several consultations with
each other, and some great men advised and encouraged them
to take care of themselves in this manner. One of these, whose
name he does not mention, left some instructions for the Rev.
George Walker, Rector of Donaghmore and Erigle, in the Coun-
ty of Tyrone, recommending the necessity of securing the town
of Dungannon by a Protestant garrison, and of securing a suf-
ficient store of provisions in it for an emergency. Mr. Walker,
though at an advanced period of life, having been twenty six
years Rector of these parishes, thought it not only excusable,
>U M
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. 1^ ii
but necessary to interest himself on this occasion, and he raised
a regiment for the defence of that town. Gordon, the son of
the rebel chief, Sir Phelim O'Neil, sent his Priest to enquire
why Mr. Walker took this course, and the Ecclesiastic returned
with an answer, that so many Irish, as the Ulster Pro-
testants denominated Papists, had armed themselves in the
country, and that he and his people thought fit to put them-
selves in a posture of defence. The new raised regiment, com-
plaining of a want of gunpowder, were deceived by a stratagem,
which induced ihem to beli'ive that a sufficiency of it had been
provided for them, and so were induced to take charge of the
post assigned to them.
In order to regain possession of Londonderry, Lord Tyrcon-
nel now ordered lord Mountjoy and Lieutenant-Colonel
Lundy, with six companies of their reg.ment, to march from
Dublin to take possession of it. A notice of this order was pri-
vately sent to the men of Derry, by some of their friends in the
metropolis, who added a strong caution against the admission
of the regiment into the city. When Lord Mountjoy came to
Omagh, he sent Captain M'Causland with a message to Derry,
desiring that two or three of the citizens should meet him at
Kaphoe ; upon which Captain Norman and Mr. .lohn Mogredge
were sent to hear his proposals, who, on their return, gave an
assurance of tlie authenticity of the powers vested in Lord
Mountjoy, and strongly advised a capitulation, in return for a
free and general pardon for all that had passed. Lord Mount-
joy, having objected to those who had been sent him for not
having had power to treat with him, charged them on their re-
turn to inform the citizens that he desired they would send
commissioners to meet him at Montgevlin Castle, near St.
Johnstowih Accordingly Governor Phillips, with Ca[)tain
Alexantler Tomkins, and Lieutenant James Lennox, were em-
powered by the city to conclude a treaty witli him. The term.s
they agreed to were, their getting a Protestant garrison, with
liberty to keep their watches and arms as formerly, and also a
free pardon under the great seal. These terms were, however,
rejected : and Lord Mountjoy dismissed them, saying, that he
would go to the gates of the city next morning, and demand en-
trance. On the return of tlie commissioners the stores were
examined, and found to contain only six ])arrels of gunp
-.1.
a few arms
want of cai
delayed for
tion took p
personal es
vailed, and
(Icavours tc
the town's
their own t
sent agains
part of the
Esq., Capti
Captain Jo]
Henry Lon,
ham, and J
On the si
isfaction of
panics ther
missed, and
and Protest
but two of
command o
Protestants
sisted of P{
Stewart, a
satisfactory
satisfied thj
Mountjoy,
hands.
The new
riages of tl
and every
to be adopt
scription, i
In a short
siderable si
when the e
rison seizet
which had
ried it all a
:1 '(
H)
a few arms out of repair, most of the guns being unmounted for
want of carriages. On the arrival of Lord Mountjoy, he was
delayed for some time outside the gate, while a strong alterca-
tion took place on the propriety of admitting him ; but the .
personal esteem in which he was so generally held there, pre-
vailed, and he was at length suffered to enter. His earnest en-
deavours to effect an accommodation were not disregarded by
the town's people, and an agreement was made with them on
their own terms, time enough to prevent any more forces being
sent against them for the present. The commissioners on the
part of the city were. Governor Phillips, Horace Kennedy,
Esq., Captain Alexander Lecky, Captain Warham Jemmet,
Captain John Forward, Captain George Canning, Lieutenant
Henry Long and Lieutenant James Lennox, William Cunning-
ham, and James Stewart, Esqrs.
On the signing of the articles Lundy was, for the better sat-
isfaction of the citizens, sent to Strabane to stop his six com-
panies there, till one half of them, being Papists, should be dis-
missed, and some officers of the city were sent to see this done,
and Protestants enlisted in their stead. There were, however,
but two of these companies received into Derry, under the
command of Colonel Lundy and Captain Stewart, all of them
Protestants. The other four companies, one-half of which con-
sisted of Papists, were ordered to quarter at Strabane, Newton-
Stewart, and Raphoe, lill thoroughly reformed. On these
satisfactory measures being adopted, the citizens were fully
satisfied that their interests might be safely entrusted to Lord
Mountjoy, and Phillips resigned the government of it into his
hands.
The new and noble governor immediately ordered the car-
riages of the guns to be plactul, the fire-arms to be repaired,
and every other necessary measure for the safety of the place
to be adopted. Money was levied for this purpose by sub-
scription, and a committee chosen for the expenditure of it.
In a short time afterwards Lord Massareeii contributed a con-
siderable sum of money towards the defence of the city, and
when the enemy afterwards were approaching the city, the gar-
rison seized sixty tons of salmon, this nobleman's property,
which had been depositee: in a storehouse near them, and car-
ried it all away, except forty barnds, wiiich fell into the hands
'I..
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20
of the besiegers. The money thus raised was sent into Scot
land by Mr. James Hamilton, a merchant, to buy gunpow-
der, and arms. He was able to provide only forty-two barrels
of gunpowder, which, except ten of them left in the County of
Down, arrived safe and were secured in the magazine. Ihey
also seized a small vessel which had been sent from Dublin
with thirty barrels- of gunpowder for the Earl of Antrim, and
lay wind bound in the harbour at Killogh, in the County of
Down. Ten of these they left in good hands for the country's
service there, and brought the remainder to Derry. All this
was, however, too small a quantity for the emergency which
they expected, and pressing letter" were despatched to their
agents at London, to apply there for a greater supply.
Tyrconnel now perceiving that he had fallen into a second
error with respect to the citadel of civil and religious liberty in
Ulster, by sending back Lord Mountjoy to command a garri-
son in it, devised a base stratagem, by the aid of Chief-Baron
llice, and Neagle, the Attorney-General, to deprive the Protest-
ants of the support they were likely to derive from the talent
and valour of this nobleman. He was ordered to return to
Dublin, which he did, in opposition to the entreaties of many
of his friends, who assured him, as was really the case, that the
proposal of sending him to France on an errand to the fugitive
king, was all a piece of artifice contrived to get him out of the
way. He did not proceed on his fatal embassy, however, until
he had obtained from Tyrconnel these general concessions to
the Protestants : — 1st, That no more commissions should be
given out, and no more men raised. 2nd, That no more of the
army should be sent to the North. 3rd, That none should be
questioned for what was passed ; and 4th, that no private house
should be obliged to quarter soldiers. These terms were sent
through all Ireland by letters, yet Lord Mountjoy was scarcely
gone when the ftiithless Viceroy denied he had granted them,
and was angry at their having been published. In a very short
time afterwards, news arrived that Lord Mountjoy was made
a prisoner and sent to the Bastile, and this exasperated^the Pro-
testants to a degree which rapidly accelerated the ruin of the
Popish interest in Ireland.
About this time the Rev. George Walker rode to London-
derry, to co'^sult Colonel Lundj on, the defence of Dungannon,
w which th
and zeal for
lined men ai
what had I
appear, even
Derry befort
of Kenagh,
^ewcomen,
rendered ui
wafds killed
cles was for
friends, notv
several parce
castle were
was that th(
nor injured
ground by '
acts rendere
themselves
Ulster, to m
ferers there,
from Dublin
were pursue
and overtak(
of defence, a
persuaded tl
cles, without
soon as they
it was by mi
in a gaol uni
arrive.
On the 2
h-eland, on
an address
readiness to
It was enti
Patrick Adi
address to ^
been the fir?
zeal for the
21
If
w which the latter, then in high repute for experience in war,
and zeal for the Protestant interest, sent some files of discip-
lined men and two troops of dragoons, highly approving of
what had been done for the safety of that place. It does not
appear, even by Walker's own account, that he had been in
Derry before this time. On the 30th of this month, the castle
of Kenagh, in the county of Longford, belonging to Sir Thomas
N^ewcomen, in which some Protestants had taken refuge, sur-
rendered upon articles to Brigadier Nugent, who was soon after-
wards killed by the Enniskilleners at Cavan. One of the arti-
cles was for the goods belonging to those in the house, and their
friends, notwithstanding which, Nugent seized and took away
several parcels of goods, and many of those who were in the
castle were plundered and stripped naked. Another article
was that the mansion house of Kenagh should not be burned
nor injured, notwithstanding which, it was burned to the
ground by Colonel Cohannaught Maguire. These perfidious
acts rendered the Protestants desperate, and all who could avail
themselves of the resource, moved towards the province of
Ulster, to make the last stand among their intrepid fellow-suf-
ferers there. About the same time thirty soldiers deserted
from Dublin, and endeavoured to escape to Enniskillen. They
were pursued by one Captain Nugent with a party of horse,
and overtaken near Navan. They put themselves in a posture
of defence, and were ready to fire at him and his party, but he
persuaded them by fair promises to yield to him upon his arti-
cles, without any other loss than that of their arms ; but as
soon as they gave them up, he stripped and pinioned them, and
it was by much interest that they escaped death, being reserved
ina gaol until a more convenient time for executing them should
arrive.
On the 22nd of this m^nth, the Presbyterian ministers of
Ireland, on behalf of themselves and their congregations, sent
an address to the Prince of Orange, assuring him of their
readiness to serve his interests to the utmost of their power.
It was entrusted to two of their members, viz., Messrs.
Patrick Adair and John Abernethy. This was their second
address to that prince, to whom, on his arrival, they had
been the first to offer their congratulations and expressions of
zeal for the success of his glorious undertaking.
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On tlw 'JHtli <»r tliis inontli, Uio KiiiiiskilK'miorK soiit Mr.
Hu;.;li lljimiltoii and Mr. Allan Cathcart, two of the most activr
nion ainon^^st tlicni, with aii address to the Prince of Oranp-,
and with full power and instructions to act for them at tlu'
(Jourt of Kn;^land, to solicit for commissions, arms, ammuni-
tion, and money, for tJK! detence of the piact^ They wen; or
d(;red to mak(! thc^ir way hy Scotland, for tlunr greater safety,
and l(!tt(!rs were Hvnt hy tluan to the Karl of Mount Alexander
and the associated nol)ility and gentry of the north-east of
Ulster, imjtloiing their advice and assistance. Tyrconnel now-
ordered Colonel liinidy to hring the remaining four companies
into Tiondonderry, which had })een left at Strahan(% Newton-
Stewart, and Ra|)hoe, and had not been cleared of the Popish
soldiers, of which the one-half of them consisted. The Derry
men,[i"ather than lose so many serviceable muskets, were induced
to receive them, when, with their usual spirit and prudence,
they purg(!d out the Pai)ists, and supplied their place with
ProU'stants, resolving to keep joint guards by detachments out
of these six companies, and their own steady men. Upon this
being re])orted to the Viceroy, he issued a proclamation to all
parts of Ulster, forbi(hling the Protestants to assemble together,
by way of troops or companies, &c., but the objects of his hos-
tility were too sensible of the necessity of defending themselves,
to pay any great deference to such a command. It was treated
with particular contempt at Londonderry, where Lundy's
management of affairs began to excite much displeasure. Con-
trary to the consent of the Committee for the City, he had
chosen a Colonel and a Major to his regiment : he soon after
forbade the City companies to keep their guards, refused thein
ammunition, and when, upon a remonstrance being made, he
restored the guards, he would allow but one City officer to
each, and endeavoured to bring them under the command of
his own officers.
Soon after the departure of Lord Mountjoy, a French En-
gineer landed at Cork, and travelled with all expedition to
Dublin, assuring Tyrconnel that King James would V)e suddenly
with him, and that nothing was to be feared from England for
several months. All men had recollected the error of Charles
IL, in not coming into Ireland during the civil wars, and there-
fore on the arrival of this news, the aspect of affairs quickly
altered,
of the I'l
their plac
into casth
their lives
put them
command*
homes, on
ters at la-
were driv
servation,
endeavoui
hope to m
were so i
emies was
inconsider
Protestant
derry and
time. Th
were suftV
searched f
money sei:
of the ger
vice, and 1
soldiers li\
which the
that man}
rest upon.
Matters
this time,
ment of i
deavoured
breaking t
pie, and h
having vie
himself ou
thereby be
The ne:
by experie
of Englan(
presented
<^v
V
UL.
23
i! i'
iilU'rcd. Th«' lio|M's wliicli linocupi»>d
their place, and tliey ass<)ciateverned by a Popish Prince : and they also
presented an address to the Prince of Orange.
M
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24
Tyrconnel, in th«^ meanwhilr, continiu'd his violence asjainst
th»? ProU^stants of Ireland, and the arU of all hk subordinate
agents were eharactt'rised )>y a degree of trtNiehery insepara-
ble from criudty. Among many other instances of a similar
usage of Pr(»testant gentlemen, tin; treatmcMit of (.'aptain Bar-
ton, of (Jariickmacross, in the County of Monaghan, has been
nHMjrdfid by Archbishop King. This gentleman ha'l
*••>
I
)il
duct and experience in military iitt'iviis, but wIiohc treachery ami
cowardice tlu-y at tliat tinic iiad !i(»t so much as suspccteti,
Tlie gentlemen of tlu' County of Permaiia;,di held a meeting,
at wliich they resolved to raise two n-^'inients c»f foot, and a
regiment of horse ; but the Kcv. Andrew Hamilton, in his ac-
count of the actions of the Enniskillen men, says that l»y rea-
son of the backwardness to the service, manifested by some of
these gentlemen, those regiments were not raist'd, so that the
great stress of the country, as he terms it, was left upon the
Oovernor of Enniskillen, and those gentlenuMi who adhered t<»
him.
On the first of this m(»nth, the English House of Lords re
jected a motion to place the I'rince and Princess of Orangt' on
the Throne. The majority on this occasit)n was only live in
number, and the rejection of this measure, which was so soon
afterwartls adopted, arose from an artful party among the
Lords, who aimed at rendering the settlement of the (lovern-
ment impracticable in any other way than recalling King
.lames and his infant son, measures odious to the great body
of the Protestants of the nation, who had so severely smarted
under the tyranny of the father, and who very generally sup
posed the son to be a suppositious child, thrust into the suc-
cession to the throne by a Jesuitical device. A petition was
drawn up in liondon, to be presented to the Lords, desiring, in
plain terms, that the Prince and Princess of Orange should be
settled on tl e throne, and signatures of a multitude of persons
of all ranks and descriptions ai»p(-nded to it, so that it might
fairly ])e considered as an expression of the general sense of the
pcoi)le. Hut the Prince, with his characteristic nobleness of
soul, scorning this mode of proceeding, sent orders to the Lord
ATayor to put a stop to this tumultuous proceeding, which was
accordingly done. After several debates, and the Princess's
refusal to be Queen alone, it was at last agreed upon by both
Houses of Parlianu'iit that the Princ»> and Princess of Orange
should be King aiul Queen of England. On the twelfth <»f
this month, the Princess arrived in England, well })leased at
what had been done, and the strict union of sentiment and af-
fection between her and her illustrious husband entirely frus-
trated the designs of a powerful party, which had hoped, by
causing a misunderstanding between them, to find occasion to
4
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serve tlieir old master. On the next day, William and Mary
being seated on two large chairs, undei' a canopy of state in
the banquetting house, both Houses of Convocation waited up-
on them in full body, and after a declaration of the rights of
British subjects was read to them, the Speaker of the House of
Lords made a solemn tender of the Crown to their Highnesses,
in the nome of both Houses of rarli-^.ment. The answer of the
Prince ,vas siich as Ijccame him, brief and heroic ; he acknow-
ledged the offer to be tlio greatest proof of the trust reposed in
his Koyal Consort and hiniself. He accepted it thankfully, ob-
serving that, as he had no other intention in coming into Eng-
land than to preserve the religion, laws, and liberties of the
Kealm, they might be assured that he would endeavour to sup-
port them, and be willing to concur in every measure for the
jidvancement of the welfare and glory of the nation. A burst
of .".cclaniation resounded throii^l: the House on the conclusion
of this s})cech ; it ffev/ with electric rapidity over the city, was
re-echoed with joy through the three Kingdom..;, and on the
same day they were proclaimed King and Queen of Great Bri-
tain, France and Ireland.
In the meantime, the Komish party in Ireland were encour-
aged in their intolerable aggressions on the Protestants, by
daily reports of the landing of King James at Cork. Almost
ev«M'y post brought a false alarm of the tyrant's arrival — bon-
fire.-) were made, and guns discharged in several garrison towns,
in ii'inour of an event looked upon as the finishing stroke to
all op])osition to the dominion of Popery in the Island.
Early as it was in the year, General Hamilton was sent with
an army into Ulster, and the Judges entered on that circuit a
full month before the usual time of the Spring Assizes. The
pretext for this extraordinary measure was to punish the thieves
and robbers who had phnidered the Protestants, but the de-
sign was to condemn those poor men of the Reformed Religion
vv'ho had taken up arms to defend their houses against these vil-
lains, and also to extort from them the means of supporting that
army which had been raised for their destruction, there being
at that time, from a ruinous management of the public affairfs
little or no money left in the ExcluHpu-r. These Judges, im-
mediately after opening their Commission, read a letter from
the Government to the principal men in each of the counties.
11
llL,
27
•it
arul to the Protestant Minister and Popish Priest of every
parish, requiring them to summon the inhabitants of each
parish together, and cause them to subscribe to the utmost of
their ability for the s^uibsistence of the King's forces, assuring
them that his Majesty would soon be at the Lead of his loyal
subjects in Ireland, with a considerable assistance from the
King of France, and that they who had no money should send
in meal, malt, beef, cheese, butter, herrings, leather, brogues,
stockings, wool, cloth, linen, or any ther articles of provision
or clothing which the country a.Vorded. By chis crafty meas-
ure, the Protestants were exposed to inevitable ruin, and the
little they had left was now drawn from them for the mainten-
ance of their persecutors. General Richard Hamilton, who
commanded the army sent to the North at this time, and who
afterwards became so distinguished in the war which ensued,
was the fifth son of the gallant Sir George Hamilton, of Dona-
longe, in the County of Tyrone, and Nenagh, in the County of
Tipperary — an officer whose services in the cause of Charles I.,
as Colonel of a regiment of foot, had been eminently conspicu-
ous, and were higldy rewarded.
The war was now commenced against the Protestants, and
prosecuted in all directions with viij^our proportioned to the
tears of T3a'connel, and the apprehe-ion of the Popish Clergy,
that unless their crusade against the Reformed Faith were
brought to a termination in a short time, the opportunity of
regaining their lost ascendency would begone forever. At the
same time that Hamilton marched for the North, Lord Gal-
moy, afterwards s(j notorious for his perfidy . nd cruelty, was
sent with a strong body of forces to guard the passes l)etween
Connaught and Ulster, for the purpose of preventing the
Protestants on the western side of the Shan'.ion from joining
their more numerous friends in the Northern Counties. He
was the son and successor of Edward, second Viscount Gal-
iiioy. On the 6th of August, 1677, he was created Cluincellor
of the Universi* y of Oxford ; he first commanded a troop of
horse in the Royal Guards, and was afterwards Colonel of foot
in James's new raised Irish army ; he was also Lord-Lieuten-
ant of the County of Kilkenny. One uf his dragoons, on their
march to the North, met with the wife of a Clergyman, who
had tied to Derry or Enniskillen, and, according to the dread-
i'if 11
■i it
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i
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41:-
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ii '
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28
ful report recorded in Burton's History of Ireland, several of
them, one after another, avished her, and afterwards cut open
her hody, leaving it exposed in a most savage manner, along
with the body of a dead man. About the same time, a Pro-
testant gentleman in the County of Tipperary, seeing some of
Tyrconnel's dragoons coming towards his house late in the
evening, shut and barred his doors, as if the family had re-
tired to bed. Upon this, sixteen of them advanced to the
hall door, and not beini' quickly admitted, they broke it open,
calling the owner of the house a traitor for shutting it against
the King's troops. They then pillaged the house of all the val-
uable articles in it, and, horrid to relate, they violated the gen-
tleman's only daughier before his face. Thirteen of the ruffi-
ans abused her while she was expiring, and three of them after
she was actually dead. Such, at this melancholy time in Ire-
land, was the dominion of that power which exalts itself against
God.
The Protestants of the West County of Cork had for the
three preceding years been severely persecuted by their
Popish neighbours ; they were robbed and plundered of their
furniture and cattle in the open day-light, which terrified them
so much, that, leaving their homes and the little which had
been left in them, they now flocked into walled towns, for the
preservation of their lives ; the Irish, in this triumph, grew so
insolent, that they went in great bodies through the country,
with pipers playing before them, and gathered in the remains
of the property of the unhappy objects of their fury. These
robberies appeared, from the confession of Chief Justice Nu-
gent, to be designed by the Government, and he boasted of the
])olicy of such a proceeding. At the Assizes of Cork, he pub-
licly called such robberies necesary evils, and from the begin-
ning he took no care to suppress them. On the 28th day of
February, in this year, t-he Protestants of Bandon hearing tliat
the Earl of Clancarty was marching with six companies to rein-
force the troop of horse, and 'two companies of foot there,
commanded by Captain Daniel O'Neill, disarmed the garrison,
killed some soldiers, took po!>session of all their horses 'uul
arms, and would have done much more had they been assisted.
They shut their gates, and generously refused to give up any
of their leaders, but at last purchased their pardon for a thou
'.I
against
for the
y their
of their
3(1 them
Lch liad
for the
^rew so
ouiitry,
remains
These
ce Nu-
1 of the
he pub-
begin-
(Jay of
ng t)iat
to rein-
there,
irrison,
es and
:sisted.
up any
thou
29
sand pounds, with the demolition of their walls, which were
then razed to the ground, and have never since been built. In
a letter of the first of March, preserved among Sir Richard
Cox's manuscripts, Tyrconnel expressed his sorrow that this
treaty ha^ been made until the authors of this disturbance were
punished.
The chief actor in disarming the Popish garrison of Bandon, on
this occasion, was William Fortescue, of Newrath, in the County
of Louth, a Captain in the Earl of Clancarty's regiment of foot.
After James's abdication, he associated himself with the Earl
of Inchiquin and other Protestants of the province of Munster,
for self-preservation, and on this, their first success, they pro-
claimed King William and Queen Mary. This service exposed
Captain Fortescue to the resentment of the Irish, by whom he
was afterwards a very great sufferer ; for the Earls of Inchi-
quin, Barrymore, and ethers, being deprived of their commis-
sions, he narrowly escaped with conditions for his life, in the
surrender of Mallow, upon articles with Lieutenant-General
MacCarthy ; and the Earl of Clancarty, in mere prejudice to
his firm adherence to the Protestant interest, not only detained
above one hundred and fiftv pounds of his money, which he
got into his hands, but soon afterwards, in breach of his arti-
cles, robbed him of two hundred pounds worth of his substance,
and committed him to the gaol of Cork, among thieves and
vagabonds, where he kept him in restraint above eleven
months, with daily threats of death, refusing him all subsist-
ence, bail, or exchange. This same Clancarty, on his march
towards Derry with his regiment, commanded the companies
disarmed at Bandon, by Captain Fortescue, to revenge them-
selves, by blundering his house in the County of Louth, while
he lay in gaol one hundred and thirty miles distant. They
took away all his s^ock and goods, to the amount of fifteen
hundred pounds, burned and destroyed his dwelling-house and
improve!""eiito, rftripped his family, and left them so miserably
exposed, that some of his children died of the severe usage
they received.
This gallant gentleman was the son of Sir Thomas ^ -rtescue,
of Dromiskin, Knight, who was cashiered by Tyrconntl from
the government of Carrickfergus, and committed a prisoner to
the Castle of Dublin, where he lay confined with many other
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30
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noblemen and military officers, until tliey were released in
consequence of the victory of the Boyne. In the meantime,
the Protestants of the north-east of Ulster proclaimed King
William and Queen Mary in the principal towns of that
district. They made an unsuccessful attempt to reduce Car-
rickfergus, and after their refusal to obey a proclamation to
lay down their arms. General Hamilton advanced against
them with a considerable body of troops. They retired from
Nevvry to Dromore, when they were ovt^rtaken and routed by
the enemy, who, being greatly superior in numbers, slaughtered
tliem most unmercifully in the pursuit. They stopped at Hills
borough, but were soon obliged to tiy from the town and
castle in which they had posted themselves, and continued
their precipitate retreat. About four thousand of them, kept
together by the spirited exertions of Lord Mount Alexander
and Sir Arthur Rawdon, reached Coleraine, and took their
station there, in order to prevent the enemy from crossing the
river Bann ; and at the same time the Protestants of the north-
west of Ulster poured into Enniskillen and Londonderry, as
their last places of refuge.
About this time a large party of the Popish horse and foot
suddenly entered Cork at midnight, and disarmed all the Pro-
testants of that city. The next day they seized all their horses,
and broke into the houses of several of the principal citizens,
whom they robbed of great sums of money. Similar outrages
were committed in the neighbouring towns. Lieutenant-Gene-
ral MacCarthy having thus, with the spoils of the Protestants,
increased his horse, and added to the number and equipments
of his foot, marched with two field pieces towards Castlemartyr,
the seat of Colonel Henry Boyle, who had with him there
about one hundred and forty gentlemen and servants, to
defend themselves against the attacks of the Papists. He was
persuaded by his friends to make no resistance, on the promise
of the Lieutenant General that neither their persons nor estates
should be molested ; but without any regard to this promise
the house was plundered, and Colonel Boyle, with many of the
gentlemen he had with him, were carried prisoners to Cork.
On Wednesday, the 12th of March, King James landed at
Kinsale, and proceeded to Cork, where, on Sunday, the six-
teenth of the same month, he heard mass in a new chapel,
on a comn
31
erected there l)y the FranciscMU Friars. As the Royal bigot
passed through the streets, on his way to the mass-ho'ise, lie was
r^upporterl by two of these friars, and attended by many otlieis
in their habits. He was received and entertained by Donough,
Earl of Clancarty, who was made one of the Lords of the Bed-
chamber, and appointed to the command of a regiment in the
Royal Guards, and also Clerk of the Crown and Peace thr'^'V.^h-
out the Province of Munster. Tyrconnel met his royal
master in Cork, who immediately created him a duke for his
services, and the life of a Protestant magistrate, iiamc^d Brown,
a gentleman worth five hundn'd pounds a year, in that county,
was sacrificed on the occasion. Brown had been in arms
against the Rapparees, and, as the Assizes were going on when
the King arrived, he put himself on his trial, expecting that
in case of his condemnation, the royal visit would ensure him
a pardon ; but in this he was sadly mistaken ; far fj'om being
wise or humane enough to begin with such an act of mercy, if
not justice, the deluded monarch gave an appalling proof of the
cruelty of his disposition, by leaving the unfortunate gentle-
man to his fate, who was immediately hanged and quartered.
In the meantime, about three thousand of the Irish being
garrisoned in the Fort of Charlemont, and attemptitig to plun-
der the Protestants in the neidibourhood of Arniat.!;h, Lord Bla-
ney had frequent skirmishes with them, in which he constantly
prevailed to their great loss, until the thirteenth of March, when,
being informed that his Castle of Monaghan had been taken by
the Rappare(^s, and that all the Protestant forces in that quarter
had retreated to Glasslough, where they were closely l)esieged ))y
the enemy, and hearing also that Sir Artliur Rawdon had quitted
Loughbrickland, and that the Irish army nnder General Hamil-
ton had possessed themselves of that place, he called a council of
war, in which it was resolved to march the next day to relieve
their friends in Glasslough, and afterwards to proceed with
them through Dungannon, to j(jin those who had already
retreated into the County of Anliim ; but Lady Blaney and
the Protestants shut up in Glasslough were relieved in the mean-
time by the valour of Matthew Anketell, I^sq., who had sud-
denly collected two troops of horse and three companies of foot.
The Irish had entrenched themselves in a Danish fort, situated
on a commanding eminence, and from their position kept up a
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hoavy fire on th<; Protestants who advanced against them
Anketell, however, intrepidly ledliis gallant l)and into the fort,
from which he dislodged his terrified adversaries, and pursued
them with slaughter, hut he was slain himself in the hour
of victory. Major John M'Kemia, who commanded six
hundred of the Irish on this occasion, was taken prisoner,
with his son, and inghty-nine of his men left dead on the
field. Jt was with difficulty that the victors were prevailed
u))on not to sully their glory hy murdering the cai)tive
chieftain, in revenge for the death of their btdoved Anketell,
whose remains Avei-e buried with great solemnity intlie aisle
of the church of Classlough, where a plain tombstone in the
floor records his untimely death in maintenance of the Protes-
tant religion. After the battle, Lady Blaney and her party es-
caped to Londonderry, Avith two troops of horse and three
companies of foot.
The Protestant Association having, in the meantime, re-
ceived fresh assurances of support from England, proclainied
King William and Queen Mary in the north-eastern towns of
Ulster, and even ventured to make an attack upon the Castle
of Carrick Fergus, in which, however, they were unsuccessful ;
and after General Hamilton, as already mentioned, had driven
them from Newry, Dromoie, and Hillsborough, Lord 'Mount
Alexander and Sir Arthur Rawdon kept four thousand men in
arms at Coleraine, while those of the north-west district sought
i-efuge either in Enniskillen or Londonderry.
On the fourteenth of this month, Count Lauzun and the
Marquis de Lery landed at Kinsale, with five thousand French
troops, and King James sent back as many Irish, under the
command of Major-General Macarty, Lord Blaney kept pos-
session of the city of Armagh, after his Lady had escaped to
Deny, until he v>^as nearly surrounded on all sides by strong
parties of the enemy. He had been promised reinforcements
by Governor Lundy, from Derry, but being disappointed in
them, he resolved to march on the Tyrone and Londonderry
side of Lough Neagh, and the lower Bann, to Coleraine, with
his little army, consisting of seven troops of horse and eight
companies of foot. With a view to intercept him, twelve hun-
dred men were rapidly hurried forward from the forts of Char-
lemont and Mountjoy, to seize the pass at Artrea bridge, and
it
33
five hundred more were dispatched to attack him in tlio rear.
Lord Blaney, however, reached the bridge about a quarter of
an hour before his opponents arrived there, where he halted,
gave battle, and killed one hundred and fifty of them, driving
many others into the river, where they were drowned. The rest
fell back in confusion, and he mad(^ good his masterly retreat
to Coleraine. Son e companies of his army, however, which
had endeavoured to escaj)e on the eastern side of the lake, were
not so fortunate ; they we're overpowered and disarmed near
the town of Antrim. On the sixteenth, the Knniskillen-men,
who five days before had proclaimed King William and Queen
Mary with great solemnity, received an account that the garrison
of Dungannon was deserted by order of Colonel Lundy, and
that they, and all the inhabitants in the country about Dun-
gannon, had fled towards Strabane and Londonderry. At the
same time, their Governor received letters from Lundy, ac-
quainting him that it was concluded l)y their Committee to
order all the forces in the north-west of LHster to draw toward*
Derry and the Lagan, for the purpose of making their stand on
the Donegal side of the Fin water ; the letter contained a very
melancholy account of the condition of the garrison of Derry.
The Enniskillen-men, however, resolved not to forsake their
town, and their heroic maintenance of that important pass
between Connaught and Ulster contributed in an eminent de-
gree to the security of Derry and the country about it.
Two days after the arrival of the French forces in Kinsale,
Sir Thomas Southwell and his brother, and a considerable
number of other Protestants, were brought to trial in Galvvay,
before Judge Martin. The charge against them was, that
upon the surrender of Mallow, they had attempted to force
their way to join Lord Kingston, then at Sligo, in arms against
King James. It appeared that in their journey they had sev-
eral skirmishes with the Irish, without any considerable loss,
until James Power, the Sheriff of Galway, hearing of their
approach towards that part of the country, raised the posse
comitatus, and attacked them in a narrow pass, to which they
had been led by emissaries he had sent to act as guides to
them. They surrendered to him, on conditions that on giving
up a stipulated proportion of their horses and arms, they
should have passes, protections, and a convoy, if necessary.
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They w<»re brouj^ht that night to Longhrea, for convenience of
lodging, and on the next morning, instead of obtaining a con
voy, which the Irisli had agreed to give them, they were se-
cured by strong guards, and informed tliat they could not be
rel":.oed until the ])leasure of Government should be known,
to which it was alleged that a favourable statement of their
case had been made. Sir Thomas immediately dispatched a
gentleman to Dublin, to petition the >State for a performance
of the articles of surrender ; the suit was rejected without hesi-
tation, and they were all removed to the County Court-hous(^
of Tfalway, where they remained in a deplorable condition,
until they wert; now brought to ciial. Judge Martin, to save
the trouble of a trial, prevailed on them to plead guilty, assur-
ifig them of the; lenity of King James, then newly arrived in
Ireland ; they did so, and of course were convicted, and the
next day he sentenced them .'Ji to death. They had no sub-
sistence whatever- but from the Protestants of the town, and
after a for<-nig) .'s imprisonment, received a reprieve for a
month ; this w/us renewed for three months, and afterwards for
six, on a promise from their friends to obtain an equal number
of Popish prisoners from England, in exchange. In ihe course
of their imprisonment some of them were accused of attempt-
ing an escape, on which the Earl of Clanrickard sent them
word, by his Major, that as they \w(\ abused the King's mercy,
and held correspondence with the Northern Rebels, he com-
manded them to prepare for that death which they had a se-
cond time deserved. They remonstrated by petition ; he
replied, on Friday, that though he would permit them to send
no message to the King, he would give them time to repent.
This answer caused them to give up all hopes of life, and they
were assured that the ensuing ivionday or Tuesda^' was ap-
pointed for their executio i. On Mo? day morninfr I'aey were
alarmed with the noise of many drums, which chey took for
the signal of their ex(;cution, and ^viiilst preparing for it in
the common hall, they were ofTered their lives iif they re-
nounced the Protestant ieligio:i. They, however, unanimously
resolved to die in the faith for which they had ah'eady suffered
,30 much, r.nd in a short time afterwards Colonel MacDonnel.
Governor of tiie town, sent them word to be gf good courage,
for that all which had passed was only a frolic of Lord Clan-
religi|
have
Kevol
In"
35
rickanl's, to tVighteii thorn into hotter mannors and greator so-
briety. After the ineft'ectnal efforts of the Earl of Seaforth to
obtain their pardon, they remained in custody until the second
of January, in the ensuing year. It may be reckoned among
the '* ludih-iii rcnim," that a no))le descendant of tliis Sir Tho-
mas Southwell should exchange the Protestant for the Popish
religion, altliongh more than twenty nolde Irish families
have renounced the ei-rors of the Church of Rome since the
Revolution.
In this month, under the authority of an order from Tyr-
connel, the otfic(U-s of the Irish army seize.rl the goods, houses,
lands, and othtjr substance of all the Protestants who had tied
out of Ireland, or were absentees from it, from minority, bad
health, or other causes.
On the twenty-fourth of March, James made his public entry
into Dublin in a triumphant manner, attended by a long train
of British, French, and Irish, tog(^ther with Count d'Avaux,
the French Ambassador. The Magistrates of the City, and the
Popish Ecclesiastics, met him in their proper habits, with the
host borne before them in solemn procession. The King bowed
down before it, and made his adoration, amidst the acclamations
of a surrounding multitude. He took an early opportunity of
dismissing the only two Protestants of rank or distinction in his
army, merely on account of their religion ; he refused the gal-
lant Sarsfield commissions for two of that officer's Protestant
relatives, sayng that he would trust none- of tlieir religion ;
and on coming out from mass, immediately after his arrival
from the metropolis, was heard to say, that *'a Protestant
stunk in his nostrils." He had now a second opportunity of
manifesting the cruelty of his disposition, and the rooted hat-
red he entertained to Protestants. The wife of a man named
Maxwell, who had been condemned to death for defending his
house in Queen's County against the Rapj/arees, presented a
petition to him to pardon her husband ; she had, by her piteous
cries, prevailed upon the sheriff' to grant her a reprieve for
fifteen days: conirary to the order of the cruel Lord Galmoy,
and she now appeared before the King in the most lamentable
condition, having four or five small children along with her, all
in tears. She delivered hor petition on her knees, praying his
Majesty to pardon, or even .reprieve her husband for a short
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tirno. Many (A' the Irish nobility wero present, and atru( k
with the woeful appearance of the woman and her weeping
children, Keconded her request with great earnestness ; but the
reply of the brute was, *' woman, your husband s/ut/l die.'' The
sheriff received a rebuke for his humanity, and was commanch'd
to hang the man immediately, which was accordingly done.
This example added a stimulus to the fury of the Komisli soldiers
against the Protestants, who were treated in th(i city, and un-
der the immediate eye of the Government, in the most barbar-
ous manner. No Protestant could be out of his house after
sunset, without danger of his life ; several of them were assas-
sinated, and among them a i»oor tapster of an alehouse on the
Wood (^'^lay, who was thrown into the Liffey and drowned,
merely as a frolic, and no notice whatever taken of it. Richard
Burton, who records this and other cruelties practised at that
time in Dublin, observes, that considering the example of
James, and the hatred of the Romish Ecclesiastics to the Pro-
testants, it appears to have been evidently providential that a
general massacre was not attempted, as it had been in 1641.
In the midst of this cruel exercise of *' brief authority," the
tyrant's heart was desponding, nor could the utmost sycophancy
of the addresses which were poured in upon him dissiptate his
fears. He beheld with dismay the undisciplined, half armed
ruffians, whom Tyrconnel had collected, and vainly endeavoured
to form into an army. No stores of ammunition or provisions
of any consequence, had been provided, and little more than
eigl/ hundred muskets could be found in any of the deposi
tories. There was not one piece of battering cannon mounted
through the whole island. His field artillery did not exceed
twelve pieces, and he had oiJy two small mortars in a condi-
tion for use. His first care, after his arrival in Dublin, and
ordering the execution of the Carlow Protestants, was to set
the people at work to make arms for his troops, but all the
workmen he could procure were Protestants, and he complained,
probably with reason, that they worked unwillingly, and inter-
posed as many difficulties and delays as they possibly could.
There was also a scarcity of tools and implements of every
kind, so that no more than fifty muskets could be manufac-
tured in a week. He was also in a miserable state for want of
money, and found it difficult to provide pay for his army, al-
'M
thougli he had reduced it to the number of thirty tliousand
men, by the dismissal of a multitude of non-efficient men which
Tryconnel liad indiscreetly added to it. The whole amount of
the money given to him by the Kin<; of Fiance was four hund-
red thousand crowns, and the country, already dvstroycd by
the depredations of his soldiers, was no lonj^erable to maintain
them by plunder. James was in a wretched condition now ;
on the one hand, he was assailed by the complaints of rude
men and angry officers, the latter of a claso little sup<'rior to
the former ; and on th<' other, he was controlled in all his de-
signs and actions by Count D'Avaux, who, in the ca})acity of
an Ambassador sent with him from France, was in reality
a s})y upon all his measures, which he resolved to turn to the
advantage of his own ambitious master. This foreigner was
associated with the Duke of Tyrconnel and Lord Melfort, in a
council, where every matter relating to Ireland was debated,
and from them nomimdly, but from D Avaux, in reality, every
decision proceeded. With the view of injuring England in her
staple manufacture, this council prohibited the exportation of
Irish wool into it, allowing it at the same time to be exported
into France. In return for their wool, the Irish were to receive
back from France her manufactured cloth, her wines, and other
luxuries, duty free. A blind hatred to Englaiul and the I'ro-
testant religion, prevented the Popish multitude from seeing
the ruinous tendency of such a commercial arrangement, and
their bigoted king, a pensioner of France, dared not to breathe
a remonstrance against them.
On the twentieth of March all the Protestants of the County
of Cavan, in wretched stormy weather, and in great disorder,
ran towa,rds Enniskillen and the villages in its neighbourhood,
to the great surjjrise of the inhabitants of that part of the
country. Three troops of horse, and as many companies of
foot, lefi the way, and then the whole Protestant ])o})ulation,
men, women, and children followed, covered to th<;ir middle
with clay or mud, crying ))itterly, and with little or no provi-
sion to support them. The Governor of Enniskillen ordered
them free Cjuarters for man and horse ; a con^ideraijle propor-
tion of them were tolerably well armed, and the gallant Ennis-
killen men were glad of their assistance. On inquiry, it was
found that the treachery of Lundy, the false Governor of Lon-
,: >:}
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iloudeiry, li;iion, was called to the Privy Council by King Wil-
liam, and created Paion of Mountcastle and Viscount Strabane.
On Sunday, the twenty -tlurd of March, many of the Protes-
tants of the C^ounty of Cavan left Enniskillen and proceeded on
their way to Londonderry, in obedience to the orders of Colonel
Lundy. Li the afternoon of the same day the Jlnniskillen
forces, horse and foot, were revie\ 'ed by tlu^ (jovernor on the
common liill near thetoAvn, where thoy remained all day under
a)'ms, expecting the approach of Lorvi (ralnKy and his army.
T(!wards evening, however, scouts arrived w ith intelligence that
Galmoy had adviinced no further on his march than to Lissnas
Jcea, a villiage ten miles from Enniskillen, from which, on
hearing
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hearing of the intentions of the men of the latter i)lace, to
meet him on his march towards them, he fell back with his men
to the siege of Orom Castle. On the night of that day, Govf^rnor
Hamilton sent about two hundred of the best armed men in
Enniskillen towards Crom, partly by land and partly by water,
ill the hope to thrown if possibhs a reinforcement into the be-
sieged fortress. This they accomj)li8hed next day, after some
feeble opposition from the enemy, who, b(;ing wretched marks-
men, did no other execution on them than killing one old boat-
man, while the defect of artillery in the castle was su^jplied b}'
long fowling-pieces with double rests, such as had been long in
use around Lough Erne for the purpose of killing wild-fowl.
Lord Galmoy was reconnoitering the castle from a hill nearly
a mile distant from the scene of action, at this time, and as he
stood with a glass of wine in his hand, toasting confusion to the
rebels of Crom, an expert fowler from the battlements levelled
his gun and tired at him with such precision, as to break the
glass in his lordship's hand, and kill the man who stood near
him. In the meantime two hundred of the Enniskilleners forced
their way into the castle, from Avhich the garrison in-
stantly sallied out with them and drove the besiegers
from their trenches, killing thirty or forty of them, and
plundering it of two suits of armour, the muskets of
the dead, and several other articles of value. Galmoy
retired to Belturbet, where he vented tlie fury of his soul
in such a w'ay at his disapointment, as to sink his character to
the level of the lowest ot his species that ever disgraced human
nature and warranted Oldmixon, in his miunoirs of Ireland, to
brand him to posterity as an infamous wretch whom no titles
could honour.
There was at this time a prisoner in Crom Castle, one Bryan
MacConagher Maguire. who had been a captain in King James's
army. Lord Galmoy wished for his release, and on the day
after the raising of the siege sent an expi'ess to Captain Creigh-
ton, proposing to exchange Ca})tain Dixy for him, })ledging his
honour that if Maguire was sent to him, he would return Dixy
for him without delay. An express was instantly dispatched
to Enniskillen for permission to make the exchange, which was
obtained, and Maguire was sent to Lord f Jalmoy, with a letter
from Colonel Creighton, desiring that Captain Dixv might bo
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42
returned to him according to engagement. Instead of fulfilliiiL;
his promise, Galmoy called a council of war, and put (Captain
Dixy and his T^ieu tenant, Charleton, on trial fo high treason,
anrl they were condemned to death, promises of life and jiic-
ferment being niadt^ to them if they would renounce the
Protestant religion and join Kiug James's army. They vvcic
both young men, but they firmly rejected the base offer, and
wisely preferred death to dishonourable life. Maguire, who had
been given in exchange for Dixy, warmly interposed in behalf
of the prisoners, and was so disgusted at being unable to save
their lives, though at the expence of his own liberty, which Ik
generously offered to resign for them, that he resigned lii>
commission, returned to (]rom, and would serve King rJanic.
no longer. (Jalmoy, in the rr.eantime, deaf to every remoii
strance made to him, caused the unfortunate young gentlemen
to be hanged on Mr. Russell's sign-])ost, in lielturbet, and when
they were dead, commanded their bodies to be taken into the
kitchen of the inn, had both their heads cut off and thrown
out to the soldiers, who kicked them througli the streets as
foot-balls. When the ruffians had suffieiently gratified them-
selves and their brutal commander by this barl)arous sport, the
heads were set up on the market-house of Belturbet. (ralmoy
marched in a few days afterwards with his army '.owards Deny
and, passing through Tyrone, perpetrated another act of cruelty,
of more than ususl enormity. it is thus recorded in Burton's
rare and curious history of the Kingdom of Ireland — " At
Omagh he took two men, on tlu^ pretence of their having taken
up arms for their own d(^fence ; they were father and son. He
first caused the son to hang his father and carry his head on a
pole through the street, crying ' this is the head of a traitor,"
and then the young man himself was hanged."
On the twenty- third. Colonel Phillips was sent to England
with an address to the King, and to solicit a supply of ammuni-
tion and other n. pessaries.
On the twenty-fourth, Colonel Gustavus Hamilton, called a
council of war at Coleraine, and represented to the officers, that
a want of ammunition had rendered it necessary for them to
retire into Derry, which they were about to do, when some
squadrons of the enemy's horse appearing before the town, they
repaired with their whole force to the ramparts, from which a
48
few shots re})ul.sotl the enrmy. Lundy had been in Coleraine
the preceding day, whitlu r he had gone to give his advice and
assistance, the tendency of which soon proved to be the facilita-
ting of ;i genrral suiTender to King James's army. On the
twenty-Hftli, u'liile tliemen of Deiry wvav in active preparation
to resist the impending storm, a tire broke ontat an early honr
in tlie morning in an out-honse near the magazine, which caus-
ing a suspicion of treachery, the whole garrison got under arms,
manned tlie rami)arts, and remained there several hours in ex-
pectation of the enemy. On tlie same d;iy, intelligence arriv-
ing at iMiniskillen of tlie ari'ival of Captain Hamilton in Derry
with a gi-cat store of amni'.inition and arms, the (rovernor sent
Nicholas W'e.stley, Es(j., and the Kev. Andrew ILuuilton, Ixec-
tor of Kilskcrry, with a guard of twenty foui- men to that city,
with letters to Hamilton and Lundy, for a su})ply of arms and
ammunition. Captain Hamilton was desirous to comply with
the r(M|uest, but J^uridy showed the cloven foot, in the coldness
with which ^-e received the messengers, and in refusing to give
a single musket com[)lete. H(^ however, (;ons(mted, with reluc-
tance, that they should get sixty musket liarrels, without stock
ur lock, which had lain useless for a long time in the stores, and
of five hundred barrels of gunpowder, then in the magazini;, he
gave them but five. These were safely conveyed to Enniskillen
to Avhicli no I'urther supply of arms or ammunition was sent
during the arduous contest that ensued, but the brave defenders
of that town sup})lie(l themselves by disarming their enemies,
until Major-General Kirk sent them a relief
" Early in the month of March, the Rev. Geouge Walker,
Rector of the Parishes of Donoughmore and Erigal Keroge,
in the County of Tyrone, who had raised a regiment in and
about Dungannon, for the protection of that part of the coun-
try, rode into Derry, and settled a correspondences with
Colonel Lundy, whom few or none suspected of treaciiery at
that time, and whose character for experience in v/arfare and
Zfal for the Protestant religion stood very high. On the I'eturn
of Mr. Hamilton, of Kilskerry, from Londonderry to Ennis-
killen, he met j\Ir. Walker at Liftbrd, where a token passed
hi'lween them, which provcsd afterwards of great use during
the sie2:e.
During the first five or nix. weeks of the siege, ]Mr. ilamiltoii
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says, the Irish army did not miicli scruple to let both men aii'i
women pass between Derry and Enniskillen, by which mean-
a constant communication was kept up between these pl;ic.<-.
but afterwards, as might be (expected, they would suttVr iiuiir
to enter into the blockaded city, by which means all intti
course with other places was completely cut off.
About eight o'clock in the morning of the; twenty- seventh oi
March, General Hamilton appeared with his whole army bt'foiv
the ramparts of Londonderry. He advanced within fifty yanl-
of the works unner the shelter of some hedges and ditches, on
the blind gate side and near the church. The mill sheltereii
them within forty yards of the bastion. They raised two bat
teries, one of which played on the drawbridge and the bliiiii
gate, a shot from which broke the chain of tlie bridge, whid.
Captain Archibald McCulloch, with great hazard of his life
fastened again, while the enemy were firing very rapidly a:
him. The other battery did but little damage, killing only
one man, knocking down some chimneys, and making a few
breaches in the church roof. Captain Hugh McGill killed their
gunner with a musket shot. From the beginning of this montli
to the end of September, the weather proved extremely wet, boti;
in England and Ireland, the rivers were fre(juently overfiowiii.
their banks, and fevers and dysentery very generally prevails!
At four o'clock in the afternoon of this day, a considcrablr
([uantity of snow fell suddeidy about Londonderry, and i:.
about an hour afterwards General Hamilton and his troops n-
tired in great confusion from the formidable position whii.!i
they had taken. The heaps of timber and earth which hai
been used in blocking up the gates on their a})proach, coiil!
not be removed with sufhcient speed to enable the besieged t'
make a prompt pursuit, but many of them leaped from tli'
walls, and seized several of the retreating enemy, with soni'
firearms, commissions, clothes, and tents. Among the prisoner-
taken on this occasion, there was one Courtney, who had df
serted to the enemy in the course of that day. The loss on tli-
side of the defenders of the town was three men killed, a smal
number to lose considering the continued fire to which thev
had been for some hours exposed ; that of the Irish was uncer
tain, because they carried off their dead ; and not deeming i^
prudent to spare time to bury them, they put them into a house.
45
»1
according to the report of the country people, and burned them
to ashes. Thus ended tlie first day's enterprise against the
maiden city, and it was an epitome of the whole siege. On
the succeeding day the foraging parties advanced from the city
witliin two miles of the enemy's camp, and brought in some
rattle and other necessaries. On the 29th, Sir Arthur Kaw-
(luii's regiment was ordered to march to Moneymore, Colonel
Sketlington's to Bellaghy and Dawson's bridge, and tho passer:
(»n the Bann above Portglenone and Colonel Canning's to
Magherafelt. These arrangements were made in consequence
of accounts being received of the advance of Ct»lonel O'Neill
towards Coleraine with two th'^-usand men. O'Neill, who was
.son to the ferocious Sir Phelim, had resided in Derry for some
years before this time, and the ap}>roach of a military man so
well acquainted with the passes through the country as he was,
added much to the alarm caused l)y the report of a reinforce-
ment coming to Hamilton's army. The pass between the
Counties of Londonderry and Antrim, at Toome, was entrusted
to Colonel Houston, within four or five miles of which, at the
new Ferry, Major Mitchelburn was ordered to take his station.
Colonel Edmonston, commonly called the Laird of Duntreth,
was ordered to secure and defend the pass of Portglenone, Sir
John McG ill's regiment was sent to Kilrea, where care had
heen taken to sink most of the boats and cots on the Bann. Sir
Tristram Beresford's regiment, with Colonel Francis Hamilton's,
and several detachments to the number of three thousand
men, v;en'. left to tlefend Coleraine. The Protestants at Fagivie,
under the command of Captain Blair, l)(;at back some of the
Irish who had crossed the river there. On the approach of the
Protestant troops to Moneymore, in which there was a strong
castellated house and bawn, belonging to the Clotworthy family,
the Irish quitted it, leaving behind them great quantities of
provisions, which were very acceptable to Sir Arthur Kawdon.
He, sent a supply of them to Colonel Edmonston, who had just
written to him from Portglenone, that his men were almost
starved with hunger there. Late on the night of Friday, the
fifth of April, Sir Arthur w^ent to Portglenone, and found all
well there ; Edmonstone had entrenched his men so well, that
they were out of the range of both great and ^small shot, and
lie had destroyed a considerable part ol the bridge. The enemy
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Avas, howover, vcny active, and there was a con'^iniUHl fire kept
up on both sidef,. Twenty of the enemy were kiUed the next
day, and th'.ic part of Portglenone, in possession of the Irish.
on the Antrim side of tlie river, was set on fire by red hot iion
bidlets, whi< h drove tliem all ont of it.
At two o'ch)ck in the morning of the seventli, advices caiiK'
to the Protestant army at Coleraine, tliat Tjord (jruhnoy, Col-
onel Gordon O'Neill, and Colonel IVIaclVIahon had a
47
orders, and commanded tlie men to face about and retire ; he
was obeyed by all })ut Captain James McCill, who, ashamed
(if SI » base a retreat, went on towards the pass: Sir Arthur
Kawdon and Captain Dunbar caiiK; to the pass at tlie same
time, and having no other way to escape, ventured through all
the shot poured in upon them from the hedges, until they met
Captain James jMcCjill, upon which, when they were about to
cliarge the enemy again, they perceived another party of Irish
in the rear, and in a few minutes Captain McGill was shot oft"
his horse ; a Cajitain of the Irish Crenadiers came up and run
his sword through the body of the fallen and wouncled officer,
and another of the savages dashed out his brains with a mus-
ket. I>y the time that Sir Arthur Kawdon had got over the
j)ass, Major Daker and Captain Hugh McCill had come up to
it with as many men as they could get together, and stopped
Colonel Whitney's party in its shameful retreat. Edmonston
and Shaw also got to their assistnnce by diflerent ways, but
the soldiers having little or no ammuniti(^n or match left, the
number of tiie Irish party every moment increasing, and news
arriving of Lord (lalmoy's a])proacli to Monej'iiiore, it was re-
solved that Edmonston and Whitney should retreat with their
leifiments to Coleraine, that Sir Arthur Rawdon and his own
rogiment of dragoons, with Coloiud Skeffington's and Colonel
Caimin's regiments of foot, should retire towards Deny, which
was accordingly done. Lieutenant-Colonel William Canning
having the command of Canning's regiment, which had been
raised at Garvagh,
The h>ss at Poitgl(;none, though numerically small, was con-
siderable to the Protestants at this critical time, for besides a
few common soldiers killed or missing, with Captain Henly,
who ^^a.s woanded and taken prisonei', and Captain James
McGill, who was cruelly put to death in a condition which
would have excited the sympathy of a civiliztul enemy, the
services of two able otiiceis, Colonid Edmonston and Sir Ar-
thur Kawdon, terminated here ; the; former died at C*uimon'
Fort in a week aftt-rwards, of a disease caught in the trenches
at J 'ortghMioiU', in a season unusually cold and wet; and the
latter, who was always of a tender constitution, was s(^ injured
in his h 'alth by the fatigue he siuH'cred on this oecasi(tii, that
lie was oldiged to retire from the army, lie was so olmoxiou.s
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to King James's government, that in the Parliament lield (in
the ensuing month, he was particularly exempted from me) y,
as "one of the principal actors of the rebellion," as it s
termed, " and one of those who advised and fomented it, ,.
veigling others to be involved therein." Sir Arthur Kawd n
had married Helena, daughter and heiress to Sir James \ "a-
ham, youngest son to tin; Earl of Monteith, and dirough iliis
lady the pres'^nt Marquis of Hastings i« thoi;;/h' u ha\e ;, tit^c
to hat i'ien . Earldom whi''h is now dormant by the failure
of »i.rd' ■ JUt
Til-' III i having crossed the Bann, all the Protestant army
of M> :'.'ymt.v' . Magherafelt, Dawson's bridge. Belaghy, Toonic
and NeAvferry ic created over Carntoghcr mountains into Deny.
Coleraine too was abandoned, and all the population of tlic
country, not belonging to the Church of Kome, followed th<'ir
armed protectors, with the exception of those who, from ago
or infirmity, wen^ unable to travel, and a few captains who
took protection from the enemy.
On the ninth of this month, this l)ody of distressed ' eople
arrived at the water side, and the ferry which led over to the
city ; the army without a General, and the terrified crowds
that followed in the rear, presented as melancholy a spectacle
as could be presented to the human eye. Driven by the sword
of a merciless enemy from house and home, destitute of all
provisions or clothing exc^ept what their precipitate flight iil-
lowcd them to carry about their persons ; with a pursuing foe
in their rear, and a deep and rapid river in their front, their
last hope w.as an admission, by the slow means of a ferry boat,
into a garrison already crowded with afflicted families, and
scantily provided with the means of subsistence. The dragoons
alone had bronght with them a store of meal and other provi-
sions, and those, with the rest of the horse, were ordered by
Lundy to Strabane, Litford, and Letterkenny. The rest wen-
ferried over, and received with cordiality by all but the treach-
erous Governor and a feAv of his secret adherents. On the
next day, Cairnes, of Knockmany, returned from London with
instructions and a letter from King William to Colonel Liindy.
As he came near the city he met some officers and a great many
people going away from it. Lundy had offered passes to these
officers, and by iiis discouraging representations prevailed on
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49
them to quit the place, which they did under strong suspicion
of that trea* nery which, although it detracted from the credit
of his assf veiations, furnished an argument sufficiently strong
to prev'ent them from expecting safety under such a com-
m.mder. (Jairnes del' . ered the Kini^'s letter to the Governor
and Council, accnipinting them vitii the cause of his coming,
and the forces which were on their })assag«^ from England for
thi ir lolief. He earnestly dissuaded them from deserting this
place, now the last hold of the Protestants of Ireland, with
the exception of Enniskillen, which was not likely to stand
against the; forces now advancing towards it ; and he desired,
according to his instructions, a particular accoutit of the present
condition of the city as to meti, arms, ammui lo and provi-
sions. In consequence of this communicatif'ii f ni the King
and their friends in England, the Council r' ..^ 'vHt: to stand by
each other, and not to leave the kingdom u^ a sert the public
service, till their attairs should be settled in i S-'cure posture.
A copy of this resolution was affixed on < ^ niarket-house, and
read next morning at the head of every L li'.ilion in the garri-
son. The signatures attached to it were those of Lord 15la-
ney. Sir Arthur Kawdon, Palet Philips, Hugh McGill, Richard
Crofton, John Hill, George Hamilton, Arthur Upton, James
Hamilton, Nicholas Atchis). Forward,
Gervais Squire, J. Blaney, and John Tubman. The soldiers
expressed their joy at this declaration, by loud shouts ami
huzzas ; many were encouraged by it. to remain in the city,
although they had resolved to go away ; but Cairnes' letters to
several persons of note, who had fled in a panic to Castledoe,
for the purpose of embarking there for Scotland, were fruit-
less, and while the soldiers and townsmen were murmuring at
Lundy's evident neglect of all means of defence, the enemy
appeared on the opposite side of the Foyle, preparing to cross
the river in their boats. In the meantime, the Rev. George
Walker receiving intelligence that the Irish army was advanc-
ing U) Derry, had lode thither, and communicated his informa-
tion to Lundy, who treated i*^ as a false alarm ; iq)on which he
returned to Litford, where he joined Colonel Crofton and his
regiment, on the thirteenth of April, and fought the enemy
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across the river (lurin«^ the whole of tlie night. The Finn and
tlio Mourne, tlieni.selves com])osed of many rivers flowing from
the surrounding mountains of Tyrone; and Donegal, unite at
this town, and form the Imjad and rapi«l Foyh;, ..woll«;n at this
time to its l)rim, and rendering the passagt; of it by an army
almost impossilde. An account of the transa<'tions at this time,
to be found in a poem discovered at Armagh some years ago,
states that the Irish, after losing many men in the water, and
stainiiig its wavers with gore, forced their way over the river
at liirtbrd, and ])ursued the retr(!ating Protestantai witli great
slaughter ; Init tlu; state of the floods at this ])lace remlering
it imi)Ossi])le for dragoons to pass over at Clady, three miles
higher up, without swimming, lu) credit can be given to this
story, and it may l)e tin; more safely classed under the head of
poetical fiction, because; Mackenzie tells us that on tlu; next
night Colonel llamill, the gallant proprietor of Litlord, with
his regiment, which he had I'aised there and in tin; neighbour-
ing town of Strabane, repulsed tlu; enemy, with thi' aid of
Crofton and his men, whom Walker had left thei'e on tlu^
morning of that day, when, in obedience to Lundy's command,
he went to take his post at the Long Causeway. Walker adds
that Colonel Crofton maintained this post against the enemy
on the S(;cond night's defence of it, with great resolution. A
])roclamation had been issued from the Council at Derry on the
thirteenth, reepiiring that all who would tight for thcii' country
and religion, against Popery, should ap})ear on the fittest
ground for battle, near Cladyford, Litibrd and the Long Cause-
way, to engage the enemy on tin; (^nsuing Momlay, and to
bring with them at least a week's j)r()visions for men, and as
much as they could for horses. The signatui'es to this order,
which had not been afiixed to tin; preceding one, were those of
Walter Dawson, William Stewart, John liarry, C. Frov>'(l",
Francis Hamilton, and Kilner Brazier. At this council Lundy
was chosen Command(U'-in-Chief, a trust which, for reasons
best knoAvn to himself, he readily acce})ted. On the sanii" day
Major Stroud made some proposals to him, of which no notice
was taken, and most t)\' the suburbs on 1)oth sith's of the livi r
were burned or pulled down.
On the fourteenth, the enemy's army uiarcluMJ from the wa
ter side, where they had on the preceding day made a show of
rroHsiiif; tlu! river, and i>ro('eei»)mi)t
measures for K(^curiny tlie passes of th(^ Finn and the Koyhi at
< 'lady and liilVord ; l)Ut a careless re))ly, that or(h'rs to this
ellect iiad lieen ah'eadv uiven, served to dinninsli the r<'vinces of
Munster and Connaught, for th(! defence of Slij^'o, and onlered
to stay and keep th • passes between Lough Erne and Ually-
sliannon, sent an express to that nohleman, which he received
at ten o'clock this night, requiring him and his troo})s to join
the Protestatits in the Lagan, and he at Clady, Lifford, and tlui
Long Causeway, befoj'e ten o'clock next morning. The nearest
v'l his forces were at that time thirty miles from any of the
))laces to ■which they were ordered, so that the design of so
short a notice was acconijilished by the impossibility of obeying
it. His lordship, however, marched at an early hour in the morn-
ing towards Derry, and when he had brought his men within five
miles of Ra})hoe, he met several of the Protestants running
from Clady, who infoirned him that Lundy, with the Ihitish
forces, had lied to Derry, the Irish having advanced in pursuit
of them as far as ivapho(!, after ha\ing fori:cd their jiassage
across the Finn water. In a popular historical l>l!iy, called
Irdaitd prestrred, or the Siege of Londoitdrrri/, the feelings of tlu;
Protestant officers at this time are thus delineated : — Th<; scen(i
having been changed from Deny to Castlelin, Colonel Mitchel-
hurn thus addressed a bi'other otlicer ; '" A\'hat do von think,
Colonel Murray, is this fair dealing or not? On Tuesday last
1 ])arted with (j!o\ernoi' J^undy, who i)romised that 1 should be
relieved or reinforced with strong detachments of nu-n, arms,
and amnmnitioii ; does he think that 1 can defend all these
passes against the enemy with little more than one regiment \
'Tis now the afternoon of Huuihiy, and we see no ap|i(Mranee of
troops, although the great body of the enemy's troo[)s marched
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52
from the water siclo of Deny yesterday. I expect their attack
to-ni/^lit." 'I'lie Town Major of the city replies : " Tia admir-
abl(^ tliat 1m( does not take care ; a good commander would not
send Ins men fartlier than Im* would venture to go luniself.
See how regular (leneral Hamilton advances, although he lias
not one-lialf the numher of men which we have, while our (Jover-
nor lies sotting and drinking in Derry, Wiiiting for the enemy
to come and pull liim out of it by the ears. Ho sends us up
wards of twelve miles from the city, as the (rovernor of Cole-
raine packed us off to be surrounded and cut off by tlu^ enemy's
horse and dragoons. Twice have we escaped with our lives,
by a good retreat ; I hope we may be able to do so a third time."
Mitchelburn answers — " He is safe, my friend, though we are
not. (jleneral Hamilton and he cond)ine against us ; we have
enemies Ix^foi-e and behind us ; Ave are betrayed, sold, our lives
allotted and designed by them to be a sacrihce to tlie enemy's
fury." Colonel Murray says : " 'Tis a most deplorable case ;
think how we are served. Lord Kingston is within twenty
miles of us, with three thousand foot and a thousand horsemen,
to join us ; yet by private designs and villany, this treacherous
(Jovernor and his friends are not contented to get the kingdom
to themselves, but attempt to destroy us root and liranch.
Thus an? we scattered through the coinitry, on pur})ose that the
enemy shall have little or no opposition."
At six o'clock on Sunday evening, Mitchelburn had des-
patched an express to the Governor of Derry, imploring
assistance. He stated that the enemy's troops were advancing
upon him, and their only pre ervation for that night was tlu^
flush of water in the river, occasioned by the heavy rains.
Lundy replied, that he would march next morning with two
thousand men and five pieces of cannon. On the morning of
Monday, the fifteenth. Colonels Cunningham and Richards ar-
rived in Lough Foyle, with two regiments of foot, and other
necessaries for the support of Derry. They sent their first
message to Lundy to Greencastle, desiring his orders about
landing, and received no answer to it. The second message
they sent from Kedcastle, about two o'clock in the afternoon,
and hearing in reply that the Governor had gone with his
forces to fight the enemy at Clady, Colonel Cunningham wrote
to him from on board the '^Swallow," letting him know that the
two well (iiscipliiied regiments had arrived there with him, ami
nu^ht join his ;irmy in two days at the fartiiest, bein^ likriy
to 1m' of m»','it use on any ocr;isi(in, hiit particiihuly tor llir m-
(•oiira^«!mt'nt of ncw-raisrd and untrain<'(l mm. lie a«ldrd his
advice, to stop th(! passes on the Finn till he could arrive there
and enalilc him to join battle with tin; greater probability of
success. Having received no answer to either of these comnui-
iiications, he despatched another with a messenger tVom
(Julmore Castle, at nine o'clock that night.
in the meantinn;, the l*rotestants at ('lady, who, a week
befon;, had bn»ken down tin; bridg*^ there, haposite bank of th<^ river at an early hour, but it was
noon before the great body of their horse got then; from
Strabane. It was eight o'clock before Lundy marched out of
Derry with the trooj)s intended to guard this pass, and, with
tlie reinforcements, which joined tlunu on their march, they
amounted to ten thousand men, a force more than sutHcient to
repel the enemy, which is said to have been little more than half
that number. The first division of the enemv which attempted
to ford the river at Casthifin was repnlsed by a l)arty of Colonel
SketKngton's regiment postefl there. Another small paity, con-
sisting of al)out thirty dragoons of Colonel Stewart's men,
after most of the few foot who had been posted theie was beaten
off, opposed the enemy's passing over the ford until all their
ammunition was spent, and there was no more sent them.
Lundy had so managed matter's, that the necessary sup[)ly of
annnunition was but three or four miles out of tlui city wiien his
routed forces met the convoy on their retreat. Major Stroud,
who had some cavalry at Clady-ford, was so disadvantageou.vy
placed, that he could not bring them on, though he earnestly
end' voured to do so, so that those who had dtifended t]w
breas work at the broken bridirt! were obliged to retire from it.
At this moment several troops of the enemy's luu'se rushed into
the rivtr and swam across it. Two of their othcers. Major
Nagle, and another whos(; name is not mentior.ed. were
drowned. The state of the flood at this time near Cl.tdy proves
the impossibility of any portion of the Irisii luuing passed the
Foyle at Liftbrd on the preceding night. <.^vlonel Gorru /i
O'Neill assured Mr. Mackenzie, author of the !)arrative oi' tie
I
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SI('L!;(' of Dcrry, iliiit wlicn tlioy liar tliin »lay.
at tlir formor oi' iliesn ])la(,'p.s, thr Irisli wfrt' in ^vfdt terror ot
an attack from th<'ir opjioncnts, for so Jiigh were tlie water?,
tliat they lia far irom put
tini^ tli(i I'l'otestants into any postnro of defence, hy Avhicii tliey
Tiiiglit have cut off tlie enemy as they arrived on tlieii- side (if
the river, ho gave or(h!rs for a precipitate i1ii;lit to Dcrry, him-
self h'ading tlie way in such a maTiiier as to att'ord a reason to
sn]>})ose lu! ialjoured to excite a gimeral feeling of terror and
consternation. He sent no ordei's to any other divisions of the
army, but at none of the ]>asses did they amount to any consid-
erahli! number. ( )n the news airiving in Fiitlbrd that the
frisli horse had got over the Finn water atClady. t\\c foot, who
had been posted there, and were th(!n tiring across the rivei' at
s(mie of the enemy on the Tyrone side of it, wei e calliMl otf, and
I'ctii'ed lo the pass of Long Causeway, a shoi't distance nortii of
Li fiord, on the direct road to Deiry. Coloncd Francis Hamilton
collected those who an-ived then;, and drew them up in good
order behind the pass, ex[)ecting the Trisii would take that
road towards the city. iUit they })ursued the Protestants who
took their way through Kaplioe, where they did great execution
upon (.'oioncd Montgomery's regiment of foot, no care having
l)een taken to secure their retreat. Many more would haxe
fallen there by the swords of tlieir merciless enemy, had they
not prtxipitated themselves into the bogs and marshes of the
adjoining parish of ('loiileigh. The Protestants at the Long
Causeway staid on the post they had taken thert; till the
eveninir. when fearinLr that tlu^ enemv W(ridd c:et between them
and I'eny, they retired thither. On Lundy's arrival there, he
ordeud the gates to be shut, so that many officers, soldiers, and
private gentlemen were forced to remain outside the walls that
!ught, to the danger of being cut to ])ieces by the enemy's
cavaliy, from wliose ra})id and merciless pursuit they had so
lately escapetl. Among those shut out from the city on this
perilous night wei^eCieorge Walk' r, with his regiment, and it
was not ivithout difficulty, and imw violence on the sentinels,
that they got admission on the n3xt morning. The reason,
assigned by Lundy for this suspicious measurt; was his anxiety
to preserve the provisions of the city, by keeping all out of it
• ).)
jibovo tho nnraber niqnisite for it.s (lpf('nc(\ ITf said lie IkkI
provisions for throe thousand men tor three months, anil he
(lid not ro!i^ider it prudent to diminish the period it could hold
out, hy aiMing to the number of those who should b(> h'd there,
llis k'.tter to Alajor TitHn, on the ni<,dit of the samo day, eon-
tradictcd this assertion, for it stated without an immediate
supply of p)o visions, the place wouhl of necessity fall into the
enemy's hands. FJe had before written to Cunningham, inform-
ing him of the disaster at Clady, and consenting to the landing
(if the English troops, but in a postscript to Ids letter to Major
Tiiiiu, he alleged that he had not above two days' provisions
in the city for three thousand men, though all unnecessary
mouths had ])een sent out of it, and he ordered (^unnimrham
and llichards to leave their men on l)oard the ships, and come
with some of their officers into the city, that they might resolve
what was to be done.
Accordingly, on the next day Colonel Cunningham and Colonel
Richards, with some of their otficers, came to Derry, where
jjundy calle(l a cou?u.il of war. Along with himself and other
otlicc'rs, it consisted of fjord IJlaney, (-*a])tain dames Hamilton,
and ten others, namely, Hussey, Tiffin, Coote, Cornwal, Kchlin,
Trauuter, Lyndon, Pi>i7'so)i, l*ache, and Taylor. Noneof the
city were called to this council but Mogridge, the Town Clerk,
and when Colonels Chichester, Crofton, Ponsonby, and Francis
Hamilton, who had .some suspicion of Lundy's design, desired
to be admitted, the} were refused admittance at the door al-
though Ijundy had, in the same council alh^ged that he had
sent for If.amilton ami Chichester, and for Sir Arthur Kawdon,
who ht! said was it-
ants by a timely capitulation, might make better terms with
the enemy, who, at all events, would soon possess then? "elves of
the place. It seems incredible that Lundy could thus delude
some of the officers who assisted in the council, particularly
Lord Blaney, whose servict^s had been already m eminent, but
there is no calculating to what extent one accomplished vil-
lain may practice on the credulity of unsuspecting men, and if
ever there was an adept in the science of treachery this Gover-
nor of Londonderry seems to have been one;. After the coun-
cil broke up, the English officers returned to their ships, whicli
liad fallen down the river that day towards Kedcastle ; and
Lundy, in prosecution of his nefarious plans, made a public de-
clarat on that the council had resolved on the immediate laud-
ing of the English regiments; and he ordered the Sheriffs to
provide quarters fc r them in the city. This he did to delude
the officers and soldiers who had earnestly entreated that their
troops should be landed and join with them in the preservation
of that corner, as it were, of the province into wliich so great
a proportion of the inhabitants, provisions, and wealth of three
or four counties had been brought together, exhibiting as pow-
erful a temj)tation to a necessitous enemy, as aftbrding the
strongest inducement and most encouraging means to defend so
many lives and so much substance. One of the officers of the coun-
cil, however, informed Colonel Francis Hamilton and Captain
Hugh M'Gill of the resolution which the council really made
and advised them to quit the city. M'Gill discovered it to
Sir Arthur liawdon and others, who thinking, as they well
might, that they had been betrayed, deenunl it madness to
remain as a sacrifice to the fury of a triumphant enemy, and
therefore many of them got off to the ships on the day following.
Sir Arthur liawdon, however, did not leave the city without
protesting against the proceedings of Lundy 's council, and
Walker says lie would not have gone away but that he was
dangerously sick, ard was forced to do so by his friends and
X'C
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57
pliysicians. He survived for some years, but it is certain tliat
his constitution, which had been delicate from infancy, never
recovered the injury it sustained at the trenches in Portglenone.
The common soldiers and the lower order of the citizens were
tired with the utmost indignation at the resolution of the
(lovernor and council ; they vented their fury upon some of
the officers whom they saw leaving the city, and shot one of
them, a Captain Bell, who with some others, had got into a
l)oat which was pushing off from one of the quays. The offi-
cers who had resolved to remain, and wdio possessed the confi-
ileiice of the multitude, endeavoured, with s')m(' success, to re-
>ti"iin th<'ir violence, and to support their spirits under the dis-
couragements which had nearly driven them to des|)air.
At this time the chief part of the infantry which had re-
treated from Clady and the other })asses on the Finn water,
r;ime to the gates in tolerable order ; but Lundy took care that
they should be shut against them. Had the pursuit been very
(lose the consequences might have been fiital, but Hamilton
had got too warm a reception here on the 27th of March, to be
rash in approaching the walls again. On the sentinels refus-
ing him admittance, one of the Captains of Skeffington's regi-
ment discharged a pistol at him, and called for fire to burn the
:'ate ; upon whicli it and all the other gates were thrown oi)en
to the retreating army, when all who had not got into the
lity with Walker on the preceding night, then found their
way into it.
From a scarcity of forage in the city, and the dlffi<;ulty of
tindhig aceommodation for so many horses in it, the cavalry
were sent towards Culmore. Some; of the officers and soldicis,
intiuenced by Lundy 's representations, or despairing of safety
l)y any other means, took refuge in the ships anchoriHl there,
and at this time overflowing with passengers ; others, resolving
to stand upon their defence, and sell their lives as dear as pos-
sible, collected round the gallant Colonel Murray, and put thein-
.H'lves under his command.
In the meantime, i^ord Kingston and his army, which would
have placed the enemy betwecm two fires, and in a most peril-
ous situation, had the two English iTgimcnts been marched
loiind by Strabane and joined to his force at (Jastlelin, were
sent back to Donegal, when within five miles of Kaphoe, a few
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hours after the Irish army had passed the ford at Clady. An
account was sent to the gallant nobleman by the treacherous
Lundy, that there was neither room for his men or forage for
his horses in Londonderry. In consequence of this, he fell
back to the quarters from -which he had advanced, by a forced
march, on the preceding night, and ordering his cavalry to
secure themselves in Enniskillen, and his infantry in Donegal,
Ballyshannon, and other places, he forced himself with a i'tw
of his officers into a French vessel at Killybegs, pushed out to
sea, and hastened to give King William an account of the dis-
tressed state of the Protestants in Ireland.
James remained in Dublin from the 24th of March to the
8th of April, and during the short time he stayed there,
seemed to be much more anxious to force Popery upon the Pro-
testants, than to prepare for the contest which awaited him in
Ulster.
The Romish Priests and Friars in the metropolis at this time
amounted to three or four hundred in number, sleek, lusty,
well-fed fellows, whose eftrontery, as mendicants, for means to
build chapels, was not to be paralleled. In a short time four-
teen mass-houses and convents, and two nunneries, were erected
in the metropolis, a good part of the cost of which came out of
the pockets of Protestants, who dared not refuse subscriptions,
On one of the three Sundays during James's stay in Dublin,
Dr. Larbonne preached a controversial sermon before him, at
the Cathedral of Christ's Church, and on another, an Ecclesias-
tic, named Hall, })reached a discourse on the same subject, cor-
rupting Scripture, rendering the passage " do penance " instead
of " repent." The Catholics appeared now to be nearly trium-
phant. The Protestant religion did not want an advocate, and
a powerful one, in Dr. Nathaniel, a minister of St. Bridget's,
in Dublin, and afterwards Minister in Waterford and Lismorc.
A few of his friends, who very courageously attended the deliv-
ery of these sermons, provided the means to print copies of
them, and he replied to them with such energy from his own
pulpit, that multitudes flocked to hear him from all parts of the
city, rejoicing that the cause of truth was so well defended. For
this cons''ientious disciiarge of his duty, he was grossly insult
ed, iind h iS life »'no small a force as two troops of horse and one of dragoons,
though the Protestants on the Donegal side, who opposed them,
were effectually ten times their number. The Koyal Historian
says that de Rosen, and his Generals leading the way, the
troops courageously followed them, swimming the river, and by
so bold an action terrified their adversaries, who fied upon the
first charge made upon them, and were pursued with consider-
able slaughter for three or four miles.
On the sixteenth of April, King James returned from Omagh
to Charlemont, from which he sent a body of troops to rein-
force the garrison at Coleraine, as also some aid to his friends
ill the County of Down, where there was some appearance of a
rising of the Protestant population against him. His intention
was to return to Dublin for the purpose of providing all things
necessary for the siege of Derry, but on that night he received
au express from the general officers of his army in. tlie neigh
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bourhood of that city, inforniintj; him that af'tor resting the
troops on the seventeenth and eigliteenth, they had resolved to
join all their force, and advance to the gates at once, in expec-
tation of hv'uv^ admitted, on account of the general consterna-
tion which had seized the niultitiuh'S who had th'(l there, on
the passages of th(! Finn water being forced.
On the morning of tlu! sevente(;nth, another express arrived
to him from the Duke of Berwick, saying that the Derry men.
whom he termed rebels, had sent to capitidate witli General
Hamilton, who had referred them to Monsieur de liosen, as his
superior o3icer, and that ue Rosen had offered them the b(>nt'tit
of his Majesty's proclamation, as an iuduc(;miuit to a prompt
submission. Nothing could be more acceptable to James than
this intelligence, for the succ(!ss of his attempt to regain the
Crown evidently depended on his getting possession of such a
point in Ireland as Londonderry, from which he could act In-
transmitting his army into Scotland. Lord Dundee, and a
powerful party of nobility and gentry, wouhl have received
him with enthusiasm in the ancient realm of his family, and
their devotion to him was blended with feelings of self-preser
vation, which offered the best security for fidelity, as by the
triumph of William the P2piscopal (Jliurch of Scotland was
prostrated, and Presbyterianism established on its ruins. He
therefore resolved at once to return to the North-West of Ulster,
and present himself before the gates of Londonderry, con-
vinced by the accounts which he had received that nothing
more was wanting to the accomplishment of his most sanguint;
wishes than his presence there. A report, too, had prevailed
in the North that he had returned to Brest, and died there,
and this rumour it w\as necessary to contradict as soon as })os-
sible, by showing himself at the head of his hitherto victorious
army. Therefore, leaving a great part of his train at Charle-
mont, and taking with him only those who were necessary to
his household, he rode a long and painful journey of thirty
miles to Newton-Stewart, where he arrived late at night. He
rested, without undressing himself, for a few hours in Lord
Mountjoy's Castle there, which his army afterwards burned on
their retreat, and the next morning, by break of day, he was
on horseback and rode to Strabane, where he arrived at eight
o'clock. There he received a letter from de Rosen, informing
G3
him of a second capitulation from Dorry, and that he was
marchin,L; with tlic whole army to jtrescnt himself hcforc the
gates. The same letter infornjed him that thr Muglisii .shi|)s,
with two regiments on board, were anchored in Lough Foyle.
Disai)pointed at not finding the army there, James did not
sto}) at Strabane, though a local tradition says he sle]>t there
that night, lie passed tiie river on horseback, and overtook
the infantry commanded by .Nbuisicur I'usignian, n«'ar Hallin-
(Irate, about two miles from Lill'ord ; and having viewed them
without stoi>ping, lie went on to join Monsieur de Rosen, who
had marched from Strabatie about four hours before his arrival
there. A part of the horse had l)een sent on the ])r('C(!ding
(lay to llaphoe, as well to save the ))rovisious, as to drive the
Protestants, as it were, into a net in ihe Peninsula, between
Lough Swilly and Lough Foyle, and thereby i)revent even a
possibility of their escape. l)(i Rosen, however, had got with-
in two miles of Deny b<'fore he was overtakcui by his Ivoyal
Master, who then put liimself at the head of his army, and
marching directly toward the city, halted on a hill within can-
non shot of the walls.
The ])lace was now surrounded, except on the water side, by
horse and foot, pr(>senting a most formidable;, a{)i)earance to a
garrison unused to warfare, and distract (mI by the counsels of a
party within their walls, which, at this moment, })ossessed suffi-
cient influence to procure an olfer of surrentler to be signed, and
sent out to General Hamilton, by Captain White. The bearer
was, however, to stipulate that the besieging army should not, in
the meantime, advance within four miles of the city, liosen,
in the meantime, had distributed the besieged army in such a
way as to invest the place, from the river under Ballougry to
the shore at Culmore. According to Captain Francis Neville's
map of the citj'" and adjoining lands, as besieged at this time,
the order in which the troops was stationed was as follows: —
Commencinir with Lord Calmoy's hoise and Sir Michael
Creagh's regiment of foot, extending from Ballougry hill to
the water, viz. : the regiments commanded by Colonel Bar-
rington, Colonel Butler, Colonel Kamsay, Lord Slane, Colonel
Hamilton, and Lord Gormanstown. Sir Maurice Eustace and
his regiment had charge of the magazine, between General
Hamilton's quarter^ and |^a mill a little to tho north of the
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hy. Srvrral of tlic lu'.sieginf^.irniy tVII hy this Mrt', iuul ainon^r
th«' rest one Captain Trriy, wlio was kilKil nnxr tlif Kiii^n
luTson. This salutation, iMi«'X)HM't('(l .-is it w.i , \hm\ liimdy's
rt'pri'scntations, who liad on th«' ]>n'(M'(liti;; ni^u'ln, «aus«'(l tho
jatt's to remain ojmmi till Major Crotton seriiretl tlinn, and
liiMihled the guards, had such an eff»^ct on the undisciplined
Irish and their unfortunate Kin^, Miat ili'- utmost terror and
confusion prevailed amon;^st them. TIm treacherous council
of the 'ity in vain endeavoured to allay their apprehensions,
hy sending Archdeacon Hamilton t(» the Irish camp, to excuse
themselves for what liad ])assed, and lay the hlame r.f it (tn a
turhulent hoily of men whom they were unahle to restrain,
iiiid whom they falsely represented as a drunken lahble. 'I'ho
lii'ttcr sort th<'y saixposed
to cannon, and under h(;avy and incessant r;iin, waiting for the
'ffects of the assurances which had been given to him. He
ihcrefore resolved to draw off his troops, and retire to St.
■I'jhnston to await the arrival of the artillery which he expect-
til, and to provide other necessaries either for a siege or a
Mockade. Archdeacon Hamilton abandoned the city, took a
I'l'otection from the abdicated king, and entertained him during
bis stay at the castle of Mongevlin, within a .short di.>jtance of
St. Johnston. Captain Murray, in the meaiumie, had advanced
:rom Culmore fort to a green held below rennyburn-mill, with
a body of horse considerable enough to -iislodge the enemy
^vhicli had occupied the ground befoi'e he ipproached to it, and
lie left fifteen hundre
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with vigour and resolution. The Council, however, proceeded
in tlieir attempt to surrender, and many of them signed a de-
claration to that purpose, who afterwards signalized themselves
in the defence of the city. Murray was received by the multi-
tude with every demonstration of respect, conhdence, and atfec
tion. They detailed to him their wrongs, and implored his
assistance. He replied that he would stand by them to the
latesi. hour of his exi.stencc, in defence of the Protestant in-
terest, and that his first act should be the prevention of a .sur-
render, and his next, the suppression of Lundy and his Council.
Captain Noble, of Lisnaskea, in the county of Fermanagh, and
a Captain Bashford, with many other gentlemen, declared their
resolution to second the noble designs of Murray, and all who
would join them were desired to signifiy their intention by
putting a bandage of white cloth round their left arm. This
scene is not ill described in the homely verse of a manuscript,
said to be found in a gentleman's library at Armagh about
thirty years ago, and which, mutilated as it has been, by a los.-
of eight pages in the most interesting part of it, records more
of the names and circumstances of the defenders of London-
derry, than any of the otiier accounts which we have had of
the transactions of that eventful time.
The illiterate, but amusing poet, thus describes Murray^
entrance on his career of glory; —
" Archdoacon Hamilton by James is sent
Into this city with this compliment :
67
. )
If they in four days would yield up the town,
All the inhabitants should have their own,
With pardon for their past rebellion.
And he in his commission fared so well,
That Lujidy forc'd tlio town to article.
Th' ingonious Neville and the said divine,
Went to King James to tell him they would sign
In a few days, to hasten which the King
The Irish anny to the tov/n did bring ;
Delays are dangerous, he urges o*^
The town to sign the capitulation,
Which being signed, and ready to be sent,
Great Murray throws himself and compliment,
Just to the walls : he lay then at Cnlmore,
And bravely fought his way upon the shore.
Lundy refused him entrance — but the town
Open'd their gate, unto their great renown.
The loyal party knew his grand design,
And to his conduct they themselves resign.
Then in a moment all the town rebels.
And curse the author of the articles ;
For at the guard a proclamation's made.
That all true hearts repair to the parade
With handkerchiefs on arms, that all shall die,
\Vho would yield up the town to Popery.
The/, in a trice eight thousand men convene,
To who;r« great Murray did this speech begin !
' Dear frieu-*^, this city is our last support ;
Let us not yield, I earnestly exhort,
Lest that it should to our disgrace be spoke,
That we submitted to an Irish yoke :
Hold out brave boys, England will succour send,
If we like men our city do defend :
Here are sufficient to sustain a siege,
If we to loyalty oursolves oblige :
Yet all is vain if we do not expel
The traitor Lundy and his false cabal.'
The town cosnents, hazzas now rend the sky.
Then unto Lundy all in anger fly.
To whom great Murray spoke this fatal speech,
' Of treachery I do you now impeach,
Both to the Protestants and to our King —
A Popish reign upon us you would bring.
You left Tyrone unto the enemy ;
At Clady-ford you made our army fly,
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68
And now you are plotting to betmy thu town,
By a capitulation of your own.
Thorofore lay down your pow'r, for we will chuse,
Such loyal men as will oppose our foes.'
Lieutenant Cook, who from fair Lisburn came,
Courageously stood forth and said the same.
Croat Murray seized the guards, the keys and all :
They i)resently a general council call.
The Church and Kirk did thither jointly go,
In oppo.sition to the common foe.
Although in time of peace they disagree,
They sympathize in their adversity.
Then in like words great Murray thus addrest —
' The intestine foe I have at last supprest ;
Here at your feet I lay down all my power.'
* *****
Then all with one consent,
Agreed upon a form of government,
Baker and Walker Governors they chose.
And formed eight regiments to meet their foes.
The horse to Colonel Murray they bestow :
Him General in the field they do allow,
From Philiphaugh, near Tweed, his fathers came.
The noble name of Murray is well known,
For their great services to the Royal Crown.
Cjiirnes, of Knockmany's his Col'nel.
From Meath's fair county came his Major Bull ;
Cochran, Carlton, Moore, Herd, and Murray,
His valiant brothers. Captains to him be.
The Borderers did fill his regiment,
"Which to the field with noble courage went.
The foot in manner following they dispose ;
Baker and Walker Colonels they chose —
Whitney and Mitchelburn that honour gain ;
To Parker the brave regiment of Coleraine :
Crofton and Hanimel the same station grace —
These and the Volunteers defend the place.
Watson's made mast^^r of the artillery,
Two hundred gunners and montrosses be :
James Murray was conductor of the train ;
Our Engineer was Adams of Strabane.
For Major of the town Captain Freeman —
Thus in a few hours they form'd a noble band,
Wliich did King James's forces all withstand."
The rustic poet proceeds to describe the position of the dif-
fi
69
ferent regiments in the besieging arniy, in which he differs con-
siderably from the representation of tliem in Captain Neville's
map. Lord Lonth's camp he places on tlie east beyond the
river, at Strong's orchard — Brigadier-General Kearney's divi-
sion he stations with Sir Niell O'Niell's dragoons, and he as-
signs a place to ]Monsienr Maumont near General Hamilton, at
Brookhall. An air of truth pervades this poem, and impresses
,1 conviction on the mind, that it presents to us a picture drawn
from life, and for this reason, as well as for the transmission of
many names to posterity, unrecorded in any other way, it shall
he quoted with slight verbal alterations, as opportunities may
tier in the course of this narrative.
It may be easily conceived that the climate of Derry had
:iovv grown too warm to sufftu* Governor Lundy t) breathe in
It much longv'^r. " He stole off,' says Dalrymple, '* with a
loiul upon his back, a disgraceful disguise, and suited to him
uho bore it." Walker says that he got out with a burden of
matches on his shoulders, in a sally towards ('ulmore — and his
kst act was a successful endeavour to persuade the officer in
command to surrender that fortress. Captain Ash accuses Mr.
(lalbraith, an Attorney, and two persons named Adair, of sell-
ing Culmore to the Irish army. It is not however probabh;
that such a transaction should have eScaped the notice and ani-
madversion of Walker and Mackenzie, neither of whom men-
tion it. It was the day after the repulse of James from the
walls of Londonderry, that the officers mentioned in the
Armagh manuscript were appointed. Walker and Mackenzie
have both given lists of them, the total amount of men and
officers being little more than seven thousand. The town was
weak in its fortifications, the wall being less than nine feet
thick along the face of the ramparts, with a ditch and eight
bastions, and some newly raised out-works. Of all the guns
upon the walls, which had been a present to the city from the
London Compani(^s, nearly half a century before this time,
scarcely twenty were fit for use, and neaily tw(!nty thousand
«omen, children, and men unarmsd, or incai)ai)h^ of bearing
[arms, diminished the probability of the garrison b(ung able to
sustain a protracted siege. These wert; opposed to a Prince,
who, notwithstanding all his misfortunes, possessed an influenet'
11 Ireland, which, if estimated by tlu; physical force of his ud-
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70
herents, was sufficient to bear clown all opposition to him, and
the number of his besieging army amounted to twenty thousand
men.
While the new Governors of Londonderry were examining:
the public stores, observing the motions of the Irish regiments
around the city, and assigning a i)osition to each division of
their own forces, the unhappy James, considering how niuih
the troops he had with him at St. Johnston had been harras.sed
on the preceding day, suffered them to remain there and take
some rest. He held a council on this night, when it was re-
solved that he should return with Rosen and Lery, to meet the
Parliament he had summoned to assemble on the seventli of
the succeeding month, and that Hamilton, Maumont, and tlic
Duke of Berwick, should remain to reduce the Derry rebels,
most of whom, he had heard from some sycopliants, were run-
ning from the city into the wilds of Ennishowen. He then
gave protections to all the Protestants who submitted to him.
and he alleges that their number was great. On the twen
tieth, he set out from St. Johnston, and dined on his way to
Strabane under a large tree, in the front of Cavanacor House,
within a mile of Lifford. The table at which he sat, and the
china upon which dinner was served up, are still preserved and
shown as curiosities in the adjoining village of Ballindrate. In
the evening he proceeded to Strabane, where he received a de-
putation, offering a surrender of Culmore Fort, which he ac-
cepted, and in consequence of which, General Hamilton was
put in possession of it a few days afterwards.
On the same day a party of the besieging army marched to-
wards Pennybury Mill, and pitched their tents there, by which,
as already mentioned, they hindered all passage to or from
Culmore. The garrison despatched a Mr. Bennet, on a mes-
sage to the English Government, and to protect him from the
suspicions of the enemy, fired at him as a deserter. At the
same time Lord Strabane approached the walls, a great propor-
tion of whose defenders were his tenants, and offered the
King's pardon, protection, and favour to those who would sur-
render the place. During the parley the enemy were observed
to draw their cannon forward, upon which his Lordship was
desired to withdraw, on pain of being exposed to the danger
of a shot, and as he retired he was told that the garrison
on an emin
71
of Londonderry would not surrender to any but King William
and Queen Mary, or their order. On Sunday, the twenty-first,
James rode from Striibane to Omagh, in which latter place he
received deputies from Castlederg, who offered a surrender of
that fortress, which being strong in itself, and commanding a
pass between Derry and Enniskillen, was granted on favourable
articles, and secured by a garrison. The Irish army in the
raorning of this day alarmed the city, by firing on it from a
ilemiculvern, placed on the opposite side of the river. This,
from the novelty of it, produced greater alarm than heavier
cannonades did afterwards, but little or no mischief except to
the market-house. The first sally from the town was now
made by a body of horse and foot, under the command of
Colonel Murray ; the captains of foot being Archibald Sander-
son, William Beatty, Thamas Blair, and David Blair. Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Cairnes and Captain Philip Dunbar, were posted
on an eminence with a body of reserve. The horse amounted
to three hundred in number, and Murray divided them into
two parties ; with the first of these he courageously charged
the enemy himself, and the second was lad forward by Major
Nathaniel Bull, a gentleman of the County of Meath, to whom,
as well as to his father. Major Samuel Bull, the City of London-
derry was indebted for many eminent services. The rear was
brought up by Captain Cochran, of Ballywrath, in the County
of Armagh, who, when the men under his command fled, ad-
vanced with a few gallant fellows to the scene of action, where
his horse was killed under him, aud he received a wound in
the leg. The Irish divided their horse into two sqi. I'bons, also ;
the commander of one of them led them on withgr* it bravery.
Colonel Murray charged through that division of them, and in
the course of the day had three personal encounters with him,
in the last of which he killed him on the spot, and the enemy
then confessed he was General Maumont, whose brother also
was said to have fallen by the hand of Murray, in this enga^',e
nient. In the meantime, the Irish horse had pursued the rear
of the Derry cavalry towards the walls, to which they had re-
treated, but they were almost all killed by a body of the Pro-
testant infantry, who, perceiving the retreat of tneir friends,
liad moved from a mill, where they had done great execution,
to the strand, near the Bog-side, in which they lined the
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ditcliL's, and commandodthepass. In the commencement ot'tlic
action, tli<; enemy brought apiece of cannon to the point on the
other sidecjf the river, ()p))ositeto the strand, and fired frequently
at the besieged witliout effect ; but a gun from tlie wall at lastdis
mounted the piece, killing the gunner and others who happcntMl
to l>e near him. 1'iie loss on the side of the enemy amounred
tomon^ than two hundred men killed, including Major-deiuTal
JVIaumont, Majors Taaffe and Wogan, Captain Fitzgerald, and
Quartermaster Cassore. The Marquis de Pusignian was nior
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All our designs prove vain ; delays of this kind never can be
retrieved ; he never, never, will enjoy his crown again.
The scene thtm changes to tlie city, and after a dialogut-
between two of the Ahlernien, who, lute in life, and cowiinlly
in disposition, had, nevertheless changed the gown for the
sword, and accepted tlu^ command of companies, it shifts ahoiu
again to the Irish camp, when the dialogue is thus resumed :—
Hamilton — " I had all these letters from town, giving an ac-
count of the ringleaders of the rebels, and of their new Gover
nor, the old one, it seems, they have turned out. I have
likewise an assurance of the scantiness of their stores ; there is
very little in them."
Ramsay — " But, Sir, the private houses are well furnished,
and there is more meal and other provisions in some of them
than in the stores."
Wachopc — " I had a note last night from a very honest Bur-
gher, who was Di'puty-Mayor to Colonel Cormack O'Neill, who
was placed there by Lord Tyrconnel, .vheri a Quo Warranto
was issued against their charter ; Joh'i Buchanan they call him ;
he makes his request to your Excellency for a protection for
himself and his family, and several others."
IlamiWm — " My secretary is drawing five* hundr3d of these
protections. There is one of my name who makes great profit
by selling them at half-a-guinea a-piece."
Btichan — " Your Excellency may see that the cobweb
government of Londonderry is tottering already."
Hamilton — " If it is not tottering 1 will make it totter, and
those rebels shall totter by scores upon yonder gallows."
The scene then changes to the city, from which two thou
sand chosen musketeers are suddenly sent out. The battle on
the strand is represented ; Murray being designated by the
stage name of Monrath ; Walker called Evangelist; Baker,
Anthony, and Mitchelburn, Granade. It is probable that this
interesting drama was written during the life-time of some of
these and the other defenders of the city, who were occasion
ally present at the representation of it on the stage, and the
subject of it not being as the term is, " ripe for history," their
real names could not with propriety be used to designate theii
characters. The true names are given in these extracts, there
being no longer a necessity for using the fictitious ones.
75
The scene changes once more to the quarters of Oeneral
Hamilton, who thus addresses Generals Wachope and
Buchan : —
" A man came to me not lon}< since and told nn- Jiat a
swarm or two of tlie nduds came out of tht* city to take thr air ;
they are so hot in keeping witliiii that hive of tlicirs. tlmt the
old on(!s turn out the young ones. I'll serve them one of these
days as they do the het-s ; put hriuistone under theii- hive and
smother them all. I was indeed going towards them on horse-
back, hut ')n reflection thought it not worth my while to take
that trouhL'. We shall have a hundj-ed or two of tlu'm to
hang presently. I have indeed allowed (piarter to l>e given,
hut it is only for three days, to sjjort with them, to tautidize
them, to st*rve llu-m as a cat does a mouse, play with them a
litth^ and then devour them."
JVachopc — " I take that very well, if it were no more than
to make them an example to the country."
Enter Sheldon — '* What news, Sheldon ? What prisoners
shall we have to hang f
Sheldon — "Prisoners, Hamilton ! Your men were all beaten ;
the enemy were near having enough of ur men prisoners, for
if Lord (ialmoy had not come dowi. with bis horse, and
Brigadier-General Ramsay with three brigad(?s of iiif intry from
Ballougry, we would have been entirely routed. Tliis reinforce-
ment caused the rebels to retire, but Lieutenant-General Mau-
mont has been killed with a great many moie."
Hamilton — " Is it {)ossible V'
Sheldon — " It is very certain, Sir."
I/armlton— " Oh, most miserable ! These re})el.s begin to
get heart ; let me immediately have a fort built to cover
Pennyburn-mill, and anothca* at Ballougry to cover niv infan-
try."
The scene then changes to Londonderry, where Mitclndburn
thus addresses Baker, Walker, Campbell, Muriay and the
Town -Mayor : —
'* A blessed Sunday's work ! this is now something like suc-
cess ; there is some sport on our side at last. Sec^ the whiter
carcasses of our enemies lying on the gi-ound. Biave boys ;
they find what stutf we are made of ; all good men and tr\u\
My dear Murray, {sliakimj hands with him) you laid about you
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with a witrn»«s I Let ua turn aside a little and see wliat plunder
our soldiers liavo got."
Efifrr six so/tlirrs ; they pass orer the strnje, ; one with a pair
of jark-hoiifs, a trooper's root, a ml a case of pi.stois ; another irith a
fine laeal. saddli', rrt/ifif/, " hen's j)ltin and it overtook him in ()ma;;h on the ensuing day. He
was much concerned at the «'nterpris(! .against Derry commenc-
inir with the loss of Maumont, and was weak i'Uouiih to onler
his corpse to be carried to Dublin, a circumstance likely to
afford a triumph to his enemies in every [)art of tin? country
through which the funtsral should pass. He wrote at the same
time to Hamilton, positively forbidding the Oeneral Officers to
expose themselves as Maumont had done, notwithstanding the
remonstrances of Sheldon and other experienced officers, a
pr.actice which, he observed, was as contrary to prudence as to
the known rules of war, and ci^rtainly om? of which he never
ap))eared very ready to set an exampk; in Irtdand.
It is much to be regretted that Walker has omitted to give;
credit to Murray for having slain Maumont in single combat
on this day ; but it was uncandid in the publishers of the Dub-
lin and Derry editions of his Diary, to allege that the omission
was a decisive proof of a disagreement between them. Walker's
conduct towards the gallant Murray on that occasion was that
of a man superior to such a motive for his silence. When
Murray was surrounded by a crowed of assailants an,ptain Cochran did that honour gain.
Lieutenant Carr, the Laird of Graddon's son.
In this ali'air great reputation won.
The strand thus clear'd, Murray and Maumont meet,
Who with dire threatnings one another greet,
For thoy had often sought each other out,
But still were parted in the bloodv rout.
They tirst discharged their pistols on the spot,
In which brave Murray's fiery steed was shot.
Yet the brave beast ne'er felt the deadly wound.
But pranc'd and wheel'd upon the bloody ground :
Redoubled blows they gave with sword in hand,
Which the strong armour scarcely could withstand.
At last their swords in several pieces flew,
And with their rapiers they the flght renew.
"^ was then Maumont began to falsify,
if- * * * * if-
He wheel'd his horse, which then began to spurn,
But noble Murray made a quick return.
For under his raised arm his steel he thrust.
Till at his neck the purple gore outburst.
His fleeting soul with the free blood expir'd,
And our great hero to the foot retir'd.
Where they the Irismen had soundly beat.
And caused them all to make a quick retreat.
Brave Major Blair the hottest fire sustain'd.
And by great feats a reputation gained.
Young Francis Crofton to the battle flew.
And with his sword a multitude he slew.
Noble, like light'ning fell among their foot,
Dunbar's red coats too put them to the rout.
79
The valiant Cook from Lisnagarvey fought,
And conqiier'd many who his ruin sought.
Lieutenant Rankin hew'd the Irish down,
And in that bloody battle gain'd renown.
Tom Barr, a trooper, with one mighty blow,
Cut ofT the head of an opposing foe.
Two thousand slain the river side then fill'd,
And many officers of note were kill'd.
On our side some ; brave Comet Brown was slain,
Mac Phetrix died upon the purple plain.
Lieutenant Mackay fell upon the spot,
M'Cielan's son was wounded with a shot.
The ancient father did the son revenge,
And with the foe full many a blow exchange.
The parents view'd their son's exploits that day,
From the strong walls above the broad Ship quay ;
For near that place upon the shores they fought.
*******
Then backward to the town
Our host return 'd in triumph and renown.
Great was the spoil and plunder of that day,
For all return'd with some substantial prey.
One brought a pyebald horse, which Columbkill
Foretold it taken at the Pennybum-mill,
The Irish might expect no more success;
This fatal horse was taken in the chase."
tf
Oil the twenty-second of this month the abdicated King sent
a General Officer from Charlemont to command some forces
which he had ordered to march towards Carrickfergus, to pre-
vent the landing of the English there, in case their ships, which
had sailed out of Lough Foyle, should attempt to do so ; and
being informed that there were some new commotions of the
Protestants in the county of Down, lie sent a reinforcement to
his troops there. On the twenty-third he arrived in Newry,
and finding the disorders in the county of Down increase, sent
back another troop of dragoons to his army, leaving no force
to guard his person on his return to the metropolis. This day
the Irish army planted two pieces of cannon in the lower end
of Strong's orchard, about eighty perches distant from London-
derry, on the other side of the Foyle, opposite Shipquay-street.
Tbese threw balls of about ten pounds weight each, and with
them they played so incessantly on that street, penetrating the
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garrets and walls, that many persons were wounded by them,
and it became unsafe to remain in the upper parts of any of
the houses. The besieged threw up a blind, as they termed it,
to preserve the inhabitants of this street, and returned the fire
from their walls with such effect, as to kill Lieutenant- Colonel
O'Neill, Lieutenant Fitzpatrick, two sergeants, several private
soldiers, and two Friars in their haibits, to the great grief of
the Irish, says Walker, for they were indignant beyond meas-
ure that the blood of these holy men should be spilled by an
heretical rabble, as they termed the defenders of liondonderry
Monsieur Pusignian died this evening of the wound he re-
ceived in the battle of the preceding Sunday, and King James,
on receiving the news of his death, was much concerned at it,
for this officer, as well as Maumont, was as much esteemed for
obliging manners as he had been respected for courage and con-
duct, bn the twenty-fourth. Captain Ash says, the enemy be-
gan jto throw bombs into Londonderry, a practice which, in a
short time, became too familiar with them. On the next day
King James arrived in Drogheda, from which he proceeded,
after one night's rest, to Dublin. Tyrconnel had not returned
from visiting the county garrisons ; the expected supply of arin.s
had not arrived from Cork, Kinsale, or Waterford, and the
Protestant artificers had not been very active during his ab-
sence in repairing the old muskets in the arsenal, or making
the tools necessary for his engineers. He therefore renewed
his orders on these heads, and taking all possible methods to
obtain the necessary supply of cannon, small arms, and ammu-
nition, resolved to form three camps on the expected surrender
of Derry, one towards Scotland, to cover the embarkation of
troops for that country, and the others in the neighbourhood of
Dublin. Lord Mount-Cashel was appointed Muster-Master of
Artillery, and the King resolved to send several pieces of can
non to Derry by sea, but this latter project was frustrated by
the appearance of some English vessels in the Channel. Tyr-
connel returned to Dublin in a few days after James's arrival
there, and reported that he had found so many efficient men
among the Irish infantry, that he did not disband them in the
proportion which he had resolved to do when he left town.
Those whom he had disbanded had committed great atrocities
wherevei' they went, so that it became necessary to restrain
I
81
them by the appointment of Provost-Marshals in each of the
provinces ; but the King set them a bad example at the same
time by ordering the goods of all absent Protestants to be
H'izt'd and confiscated.
On the twenty-fifth of April, the besieging army placed their
mortars again in Strong's orchard, and fired a few small bombs
across the river, on the Shipquay-street of Derry. The greater
part of these fell in the street, and one of them killed an old
woman in a garret. The first that was discharged fell into a
house where several officers were at dinner, and rolling over a
bed that was in the room, did them no injury, but passed into
a lower room, where it killed the landlord and broke a hole
through the outer wall, through which the guests went out, as
it had by the concussion choked up the doors of the house. In
consequence of this, the ammunition was secured in the vaults
under the Cathedral Church, in dry wells, and in the cellars of
private houses. In the meantime. Colonel Murray, with somfe
cavalry and a strong body of foot, which he always supported
by dragoons, sallied out of the town and drove the enemy from
the trenches into which they had thrown themselves. Some
of tb.e foot had followed the retreating enemy too far, and a
party of their horse suddenly forced them to fall back upon
their main body, who, forming themselv^es in a line behind a
ilitch on the road side, fired with such effect upon the pursuers
as to throw them into great confusion, and oblige them to re-
treat. The Derry men then pursued them to Pennyburn-mill,
and pressed so hard upon them, that their dragoons, who them-
selves had just been beaten out of an old mill about a mile
higher up on the same water, found it necessary to leave their
horses behind them, and reinforce their distressed friends at
Pennyburn. The Derry men kept their enemy at warm work
in this place until the evening, and returned without much
loss. A party of the besieged, which went out towards the
close of the day to cover the retreat of those who were en-
gaged at Pennyburn, were beaten back, but without loss, by a
party of horse which had been despatched from the Irish camp,
each of them carrying a foot-man behind him. Those who sig-
nalized themselves on this occasion with Colonel Murray, were
Major Bull and Captains Obrey, John Kennedy, Archibald San-
lerson, Michael Cunningham, William Beatty, and William
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Moore. The contest, both at the old and new mill, was verv
sharp, and lasted for \, considerabU; time. Mackenzie says the
less on the Derry side was but two men killed and eight or
ten wounded ; but Captain Ash alleges that Cornet Brown and
three others were killed ; the luss on the enemy's side was not
ascertained. In the Armagh manuscript this engagement is
called the battle of Elaii; and tlie author thus celebrates those
who distinguished themselves in it : —
" Against the weakest side our Gen'ral saw
Their gieate?t force the Irish army draw;
Which to prevent, with equal ardour he
Sprunu forth at m( rPi to fight the enemy,
Near Elah, in the parks. Murray came on ;
Thy Irishmen were led by Hamilton ;
Where they continued fighting till 'twas noon,
V/lien we were flank'd by the enomy's dragoons.
Five hundred men our open flank secure,
Led on by Taylor, Sanderson, and Moore.
The enemy stood boldly to the fight.
But Murray quickly put them all to flight,
Berwick and Pontee each receiv'd a scar.
From valiant Murray and the brave Dunbar.
Bold Major Bull did wonders in that fight,
For he brought back the Irish on the right.
Crofton and Bashford did much honour gain ;
By Captain Noble multitudes were slain.
From Lissnaskea, Fermanagh's pride, he came,
But now he's Major Noble of the same.
Cairnes in our centre, standing like a rock,
Undauntedly repell'd each hostile shock;
Like Spartan heroes firm together clos'd,
He and his friends their enemies oppos'd.
Lieutenant Lindsay, Lord Donrode's brave son,
Fresh honour in this hot engagement won.
Brave Captain Barrel, from Urney, near Strabane,
Gain'd the renown of a heroic man.
Here Tillilagan, from renown'd Tyrone,
To glory sent her gallant Sanderson.
The valiant Moore of Augher, with great might,
Cut all before him in this bloody fight.
Lieutenant Cooke repuls'd the enemv,
And forc'd the bravest warriors to fly.
Lord Abercom left both boots and horse.
And fled without his cloak, with all his force.
83
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Then in a trice, our foes we soundly beat,
And to their camp compel them to retroat.
We burn'd their stores in Elah without pity,
And turn'd back to uiarcli into the city.
Most of our horse, and of our foot a regiment,
To watch the camp by gallant Ramsay kept.
Lest he our marching home should intercept.
But Col'nel Parker, odious was his crime,
Had them commanded oif before that time ;
When Ramsay boldly, with his foot and horse,
Came quickly up to intercept our course.
This great surprise did all our spirits damp,
We fear'd our men were slain round Ramsay's camp.
But Col'nel Murray and brave Aubery,
Oppos'd the foe and forc'd them back to fly,
Till all our heroes cover'd with renown.
From this brisk tight got safely into town.
Parker and Hamill to our aid both run,
With Wigton pushing on a loaded gun ;
But their assistance came to us too late.
For Ramsay then had forc'd us to retreat.
Parker considered it but policy,
To fly that evening to the enemy ;
His Coleraine regiment brave Lance obtain'd,
And in our service lasting glory gain'd. "
Mackenzie states, in corroboration of the foregoing statement
lof Parker's treachery, that this officer was sent out with a reai*
jguard of infantry, to cover the retreat of those Avho had sallied
lout with Murray this day, and that at the moment when ' the
Icitizens from the walls saw a body of the enemy advance to in-
Itercept their return, he appeared so slow and negligent in the
[discharge of his important duty, as to expose the returning vic-
jtors to imminent danger. He was threatened with a court-
martial for his misconduct, upon which he left the city in the
[night and deserted to the enemy.
It was not without great address and considerable difficulty,
leven under their present circumstances, that the harmony neces-
sary for the preservation of all descriptions of Protestants
was preserved among the members of the Established Church
and the various denominations of Dissenters, at this time in
Londonderry. The Episcopal Clergy had suffered heavily from
the Presbyterians in Scotland : the persecution there was nearly
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at its height at this time, and even William, who estabhshe^i
Presbyterianism on the ruins of their Church, afterward^
found it necessary to open an inlet and shelter for somf (,\
them, by translating Dr. Alexander Cairncross from the Anli
bishopric of Glasgow to the See of Raphoe, in the neighbour
hood of Londonderry.
In the two preceding reigns, Lord Dundee, Captain Creigli
ton, and others, had made very severe retaliations on tlie Cuv
enanters, so that both parties were under strong and unhapiiy
temptations to dislike each other, when they found it necessary
at this time to unite for their common preservation. Thi.s feel
ing was nearly brought into fatal operation on one or two oi
casions during the eai'lier part of the Siege. On one of tlux,
a Mr. Hewson stepped forward, and declared that no man w;i>
worthy to fight fo the Protestant Religion who would not tak'
the solemn league and covenant ; and on another, the conform
ists and non-conformists were drawn up in the Diamond 1 1
fight for the Cathedral Church. Hewson's insane proposal.
however, was treated with merited neglect, and the disputt
about the Cathedral was soon settled by the conformists, wlin
were heretofore in undisturbed possession of it, consenting'
that the others should have the use of it for one half the Lord's
day, and also on every Thursday during the Siege. The non-
conformists had also meetings in different parts of the city, and
all the congregations in the Cliurch, and out of it, made very
considerable contributions after divine service for the relici uf
the sick and wounded soldiers, of whom the greatest care was
taken. The clergy and ministers of all denominations were in-
deed equally careful of their people, exhibiting an example of
moderation and kindness towards each other, worthy of imita
tion at all times, but indispensable to their common safety on
this trying occasion. They enjoined their respective congrega-
tions to forget their distinctions, and join as one man in de
fence of the Protestant Religion, reminding them of their
perilous situation : they pointed to the water which enclosed
them on the one side, and to the camp and batteries of twenty
thousand enemies surrounding them in every other direction.
They then betook themselves to their several devotions, recom-
mending their sacred cause to the care of Almighty God.
Walker's reflections on the nineteenth of this eventful month
85
are so characteristic of the circumstance of the city at the time,
and so honourable to himself as a divine and a writer, that
they cannot be omitted here. " It did," says he, " beget
amongst us some disorder and confusion, when we looked about
Us and saw what we were doing ; our enemies all about us, and
( iir friends running away from us ; a garrison we had, com-
|. sed of a number of poor people, frightened from their own
himes, and seemingly more fit to hide themselves than to face
;iii enemy. When we considered that we had no persons of
experience in war amongst us, and those very persons that
were sent to assist us, had so little confidence in the place, that
they no sooner saw it than they thought fit to leave it ; that
fff had but few horses to sally out, and no forage ; no engi-
neers to instruct us in our works, no fire-works, not so much
as a hand grenade to annoy the enemy ; not a gun well
nioiinted in the whole town ; that we had so many mouths to
feed, and not above ten days' provision for them, in the opinion
(if our former governors; that every day several left us and
gave constant intelligence to the enemy ; that they nad so
many opportunities to divide us, and so often endeavoured to
till it, and to betray the governors ; that they were so numer-
(■iis, so powerful, and so well appointed an army, that in all
probability we could not think ourselves in less danger than
the Israelites at the Red Sea. When we considered all this,
it u'as obvious enough what a dangerous undertaking we had
ventured upon ; but the resolution and courage of our people,
and the necessity we were under, and the great confidence and
•lependence among us on GoD Almkjhty, that He would take
cue of us and preserve us, made us overlook all those difficul-
tit's. And God was pleased to make us the happy instruments
of preserving this place, and to him we give glory ; and no (jne
need to go about to undervalue or lessen those he was pleased
tr> choose for so great a work ; we do allow ours«"lves to be as
liiitit as they can make us, and that God has only glorified
Himself in working so great a wonder with his own right
liand and his holy arm, getting to himself the victory."
The Governor.-^, Baker and Walker, now examined the
>tores, continuing the old keepers of them in their places for
^ime time, uncil, on their contents being much diminished,
tliey were all put into one bou^e, which was carefully kept by
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■*WHH*WiniW?yP'i I " Ml I I I ,■ WWMi
86
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Mr. .John Harvey and liis brother Samuel, during the whole time
of the siege. Persons were also appointed to search all cellar
and other private stores, from which they brought to the com-l
mon stock a very considerable addition, which had been
brought into the city by private gentlemen and others whj
had taken refuge in it.
On the twenty-Hfth of April, the Rev. Andrew ITamilti
with Mr. Anthony Dobbin, a justice of the peace, resident n
the neighbourhood of Derry, went to the Irish camp, at \h\
hour of nine or ten o'clock in the morning. At that time
party of the besieged had sallied from tiie city, and were skir
mishing with some part of the besieging army. The gentlt
men had an errand from Enniskillen to General Hamilton, ^vl
being engaged witli the troops that were fighing, did nut ii|
turn for a considerable time. While they waited for him, tliHiJ
heard st^veral shots going off within a short distance beliiiif
them, and inquring the cause, were told l)y a soldier that \v;n
good sport, for the men had got h )ld of an English or Scotclf
witch, who had attempted to destroy their horses by enchant]
ment, and liad been caught in the act of gathering their dun/
for thai purpose. Mr. Hamilton entreated some of the Iii^H
orficers with whom he was acquaintc^d, to save the unfortiinii!i|
woman's life. Mr. Dobbin and he then went with them u
wards the place from which the noise of the firing came, ainl
as they got within twenty or thirty yards of it, they saw awj
man, at least -.(iventy years of age, sitting with her breast laif
bare, and before they had time to interfere for her protectinnj
one of the soldiers came up to her, held the muzzle of his mii^
ket close to lier breast, and shot lier dead. Being bad marbl
men, they had been firing at her from some little distance, anJ
none of their former shots had the desired effect, though m
was wounded in several places. An army composed of suclj
men as this, could not prove ultimately successful over an iiij
telligent and humane enemy, let their numerical superiority
ever so great, and so the event of this summer's campaign fulH
proved. It appeared, on inquiry, that this poor victim of sJ
perstition and cruelty, who lived near Derry, had been roblx'
of her substance, and hearing that the Irish camp was t'u
provisions, and that the officers and soldiers were very civil t]
all who went to them, she had gone there that morning to be
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87
a little food among the tents, and a man passing by her with a
load of oatmeal thrown across his horse, the sack burst, and
some of its contents falling upon horse dung, after the man had
gathered as much as he thought Ht, the wretclK'd woman went
forward and was taking the dung out of the dirty mral that
remained on the road, when a fellow who saw her do so called
out that she was a witch gathering their horses' dung tliat the
Derry men might get the better of them ; upon which a crowd
gathered about her and used her in the cruel manner
above related. It is a very common opinion amonv the Irish,
that the excrements of any animal being burned, a mortal dy
sentery will ensue to the body from which they have been dis-
charged ; and, in this way did the superstitious savage imagine
that a decrepid old woman could dismount a regiment of ca-
valry, and turn the fate of a battle.
On the night of the twenty-sixth, the bombs played hotly on
the city, with little intermission, from the setting of the sun
until morning. This night was one of intense suffering ; U^rror
prevailed in all directions, except in the hearts of the intrepid
heroes under arms. The shrieks of women and children formiMl
a terrific contrast with the thunder of the artillery, and the
crash of walls and houses thrown down by the shells. One of
the victims of this night's cannonade was Susan Holding, a
gentlewoman aged eighty years, who was killed in Mr, Long's
house, where many other persons were wounded.
About the twenty-seventh. Captain Darcy, who had been
brought from Scotland by Captain James Hamilton, and left
prisoner in Derry, on a charge of having deserted King
William's service in England, got a pass from the Governor,
and left the city with his horse and arms. He. had bought
some horses from Lieutenant-Colonel Wliitney, which were
^aid not to have belonged to that gentleman, who was tried for
this and other misdemeanours, and being found guilty of being
no friend to the garrison, was committed to prison, where he
was kept during the remainder of the siege. Captain JMoino
succeeded to tht^. command of his regiment. That of Cole-
raine, from which Park(a" had deserted, was given to Caj)tain
Lance.
The regiments were now regulated as they remained tluring
the siege ; they were seven iu number, six of infantry and one
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of cavalry. Mitchelburn's consisted of seventeen com|)anies ;
Walker's, of fourteen ; Monro's and Crofton's, of twelve each ;
Lance's of thirteen ; and Hammcl's of fifteen Colonel Mur
ray's regiment of horse consisted of eight troops. Besides thosi-
regimental men, there wiu'e several vohinteefore he had arrived at
it. To prevent their repossessing themselves of this strong-
hold, on his departure he burned it to the ground, and defaced
the fortifications about it. He then proceeded into the county
of Monaghan, and returned to Enniskillen with a very great
prey of cows and sheep, which proved a most seasonable relief
to the poor peope in and about that town ; for on the return
of that party a good milch cow might have been bought from
the soldiers for half-a-crown, and a dry cow or an ox cheaper.
Towards the end of this month some choice troops of norse
and companies of foot reinforced the Enniskilleners from
Bally shannon. They had formed part of Lord Kingston'^
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troops, and had nuurlu^d witli liiin from Sligo, when, liy
Liindy'fi orders, that noljlnnan h'd liis army into th«^ «'ounty di
Donegal. Tho (Jovurnor ol" Knniskillcn then erected a fori mi
the common hill near the .stohe-hridge, at his own (^xpence, an.l
it afterwards proved to be a great strength and protection V>
the town.
A circumstance is mentioned in th(! poem fonnd at Anna;,'li.
respecting tlu; father of ('olonel Murray, which, *' mnlatis nm
fajidis," may he. related with propriety in a work wliich aims at
giving a vivid r(!presentation of the varied scenes of this intti
esting period of Irish liistory : —
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" General Ilainllton takes Colonel Murray s agad father prhnnt ,
andHcnds him to move Ids son to quit the toum."
** Now Hamilton had got intelligence
That Murray's father lived not far from hence,
Ag'd above eighty years : for him he sent,
And brought the old man captive to his tent.
* Pray,' said the sage, 'your business with meteli.'
* Your son,' said he, ' Sir, ventures to rebel
Against his king. He holds that city out.
Him you may counsel better without a doubt.
On yon tall gibbet, rising to the sky.
Your bones shall hang if he does not comply,
And yield the town- -go tell him so or die ;
And here you must your sacred honour pawn,
, ' To bring his answer e'er to-morrow's dawn.
Old Murray answers, he will not disown
His due allegiance to King William's throne ;
But, as I must obey you, 1 will try
If with such cruel terms he will comply :
I found my son, Sir, from his early youth,
A paragon of steadiness and truth ;
A scion worthy of his ancient line,
Respecting law, both human and divine,
Form'd, mind and body, for some great design
In haste the vet'ran's guarded to the town,
And meets his son then covered with renown ;
As on the street the youthful hero stood.
His steel still reeking with the Frenchman's blood.
*Son', said the Sire, 'this Bible in my hand
Must give due sanction to my last command ;
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Swear, iu)w, I ohar^»^yo\i, that in town or Hold
To .liiuioH'n powiT you will lun'or yield ;
That for our faith yim'll Hpond your latoHt hrealh,
And (!hooHo with nu) Hwoet liberty or doath '
* Fatluu',' Huid Murray, an ho dn^pt a toar,
' Tliat voict) I lovo HO doirly wtjuuds my oar,
Imputing troaohory or alaviHJi fear.
The deeds 1 do, i cannot stoop to tell,
Hut all my gallant frionds here know mo well ;
Why then tliri»ui,'h divngers have you matle such speed,
To give me council which I tlo not need '. '
' Adam,' said he, ' ( never could have meant
Such imputation, but I have been sent
By Hamilton, to tell you I must die.
Unless with his conunands }ou now ounply,
(iive up the town or from its ramparts Hy.
B\it now my long lov'd son, my darling child,
Who on my knee so oft have sweetly smil'd.
Cheering a fjither's and a mother's heart,
I've made my last recpiest and I depart ;
Hamilcar's task was mine, and now I go
To meet like Uegidus an angry foe ;
lie may command my instant execution,
But Murray's blood will seal the rovoluti(»n.
In such a cause 1 could die ten times o'er,
And cou'it it gain to bleed at eighty-fcnir.'
' Stay,' said a voice, 'stay Murray with your son,
His race of glory is but just l)egun ;
Maumont's career arrested by his steel.
His sword's sharp edge this Hamilton shall feel.
Ill fare the man whose cunning could engage
In such a task your venerable age. '
' No, no,' said he, ' not thus is glory won,
My word is pledg'd, a soldier's course I run,
' Take honour from me and my life is done.'
Then peals of thund'ring cannon rend the air,
And warlike trumpets from the city bear
Defiance to the foe's detested arts.
As for the camp the veteran departs.
The gallant Hamilton forgives the fraud,
If such it was, and ventures to applaud
Without reserve, a more than Spartan deed,
Which well became the Murrays of the Tweed ;
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From Philiphaugh this hero's father's came,
A line long known in rolls of Scottish fame.
No longer forc'd through hostile lands to roam,
A guard of honour guides the old man homo ;
Where he was snffer'd undisturbed to dwell,
Though by his son the Irish army fell. "
The reader will, no doubt, forgive the liberty here taken
with the coarse original of the foregoiug lines, which have been
rendered into intelligible language, as the tales of Chaucer and
satires of Dr. Donne have been translated i)y Pope.
On the first day of May, a cannon-ball fell among a company
of foot who w(!re marching up Shipquay-street, and wounded
two men. A shell also fell where Colonel Mitchelburn's men
were exercising in the Bogside, and killed one man, who re-
mained on his feet till it l)urst. The rest threw themselves
in the pockets of the slain, giving some intelligence, particii
larly respecting the surrender of Culmore. It appeared by
them that Lundy, as he passed, sent a message to the garrison
that Londonderry had surrendered ; they had but little am-
munition at the time, and had lost eight of their guns, wliicli
Captain Jemmet, by order of the false Governor, had sent into
the city, and this, it was stated, inclined them to surrender.
On the night of the fifth, the besiegers drew a trench across
the Wind-mill-hill, from the bog to the river, and there began
to erect a battery for the purpose of annoying the town walls,
which were much too strong for the guns against them. Tho
Derry men, with equal spirit and good humour, advised the
men who w^orked in tliis trench and battery to save themselves
the trouble, labour, and expense of such an undertaking, offer-
ing 10 open a wider passage for them through the gates than
their cannon could make in tlu; v/alls, at any time they should
feel disposed to try their fortune in the city. A little after
midnight, ])rovoked by these taunts, Brigadier-General Ramsay
came to the winkii set him down in a chair.
Baker—'' Who, Sir, are you?"
fietterville—"' The unfortunate Lord Netterville."
Baker—'' What ! My Lord Netterville ? "
Nettervillc — " So they call nie , I am three score and ten, and
yet must turn soldier in my old age ; my spirits faint, pray let
me lie down."
]Valker — " Get a surgeon immediately, his Lordship is faint-
ing, l)ring a glass of sack quickly." — {Sack brought.)
Baker — " My service to your Lordship."
Netterville — " I thank you, Sir. — {lie takes the wine.) — Pray
do me the favour to let me lie down somewhere."
Baker — " Your Lordship shall have a good room, an aired
bed, and excellent quarters." — {Eo'it Lord Netterville and his
iiHendants.)
Enter serejeants hrinr/ing in Colonel Talbot on a hand-harrow,
I'liured with blood. After him,' Sir Garret Aylmer is brought in
hi the soldiers, and laid on the stage ; Talbot is carried off.
Baker — " Pray who is that on the hand-barrow."
Walker — " It is Colonel Talbot, a near relation to Tyrconnel ;
he has been usually called Wicked Will Talbot."
Baker — " He was blessed Will, that the soldiers did not
knock him on the head ; I wish we had his cousin Tyrconnel in
his room."
Town Major — " As I and some others were viewing the dead
bodies we saw that of Brigadier-General Ramsay among them,
the commander of the grand attack. We found Hamilton's
order in his pocket-book ; the word was ' NO QUARTER ! ' "
Baker — " Let a parley be beat, that they may come and bury
their dead."— (i;.i77 Town Major.)
SCENE CHANGE.S TO THE IRISH CAM?.
Elder Hamilton, Dorrington, and Sheldon.
Hamilton — " 'Tis yet uncertain how many principal officers are
lost in this unfortunate enterprise, neither is it known whether
the rebels gave quarter or not."
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Dorfington — " It is judged by all that our loss is very consid-
erable."
Shchhm — " It would make one's heart bleed to see how many
cart loads of wounded are going off to St. Johnstown."
Enter an officer.
Officer — " Sad news! sad news! Brigadier-General Ramsay
is killed."
Hamilton — " It grieves lay heart ! our great Maumont at
Pennyburn-mill, and Ramsay at the wind-mill. Indeed, a
great loss ! "
Enter an express from Dublin to General Hamilton, which k
reads : —
" Sill — The King is much dissatisfied with your slow pro-
ceedings, the great defeat you have met with, and the loss of
30 many considerable men. Marshal Rosen is marching to
besiege Ennlskillen with ten thousand men, and then will
advance to Join you. His Majesty is impatient till the town
of Londonderry is reduced ; it stops all his measures and ut-
terly ruins his cause. The eight hundred men sent to Lord
Dundee are safely arrived in tlie Highlands of Scotland.
Edinburgh Castle is stoutly defended by the Duke of
Gordon.~I am well, MELFORT."
Humilton — " Famine and plague light U4)on this perverse town
of Derry I The holders of it persist and glory in their wickedness,
pride, and rebellion. They are even building two privateers,
which I fear will be launched in two or three days, which will
harass and fatigue our men, especially those on the river side.
I have nothing to say in answer to this express, but that there
are fifty or sixty ships discovered at sea, making for this har-
bour, which, no question, is for the relief of the rebels."
On the night of the defeat of the Irish at V. lud-mill-hill, the
Governor of Enniskillen sent to all the garrisons under his
command, ordering them to send him speedily all the armed men
they could spare ; and the next day. May the seventh, he sent Col-
onel Lloyd, Avitli about twelve companies of infantry and some
troops of horse, towards Ballyshannon. They met the enemy's
101
ho'-se near Bolleck, a village thrnt*. miles nearer to Enniskillen
than Ballyshannon, where they soon put them to rout, killinic;
about one hundred and twenty of them, and takiujii; about iialf
that number prisoners. All the Irish infantry Hcd towards Sligo,
and escaped, except a few who were taken in the Fish Island,
near Ballyshannon, with their Captain, one M'Donagh, a coun-
sellor at law, commonly known by the name of Blind M'Donagh.
The victors got two small pieces of cannon, several serviceal)l('
horses, and some good arms. Thus was Jiallyshannon ndieved
by the Enniskilleners, whose first time it was to (uicounter the
enemy in the field with horse and foot. Their success in the
beginning of such undertakings, encouraged them very much,
and they returned to their quarters without losing oni; man.
Immediately after this, an express was sent to them from Col-
onel Sarsfield, proposing an (exchange of prisoners which the
Irish had at Galway and Ballinrobe, for those who had been
taken at Ballyshannon. The Governor, recollecting how Lord
Galmoy had behaved, on a similar occasion, at Belturbet, de-
sired Sarsfield to send him the names of the prisoners he would
exchange for those of Enniskillen. Sarsfield delayed sending
an answer for a month, and, in the meantime, he ordered all
the Protestants in the province of Connaught, notwithstanding
t\e protection they had got from him and other officers, to be
put into the goal of Sligo, .and then he sent their names to the
Governor of Enniskillen, pretending that Sir Thomas South-
well, and some other* prisoners in Galway, were to be sent to
England, in exchange for some Irish prisoners kept there. The
Governor, suspecting fraud, declined to make the exchange,
upon which Sarsfield gave very harsh treatment to those he
had in prison, scarcely allowing them as much food as would
keep them from starving. He made them send some of their
wives with petitions to Enniskillen, stating their mis ries, and
thus succeeded in the deceit he practised upon a generous and
humane enemy. All those who were sent in exchange had been
protected persons, not taken in arms, and therefore could irot be
deemed proper subjects of exchange for men taken in battle.
It was, in fact, the experience of such faithless dealing and
cruel usage of individuals, after promise of quarter, that some
of the Enniskilleners were less merciful to the Irish in battle
than they would have been to a civilized enemy, and for this
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roason thoy onjovfMl an itKTiMliblc^ proportion of ({uiot ' they
received no injury from the shots, they soon found that tluy
could not accomplish their purpose, and returned to the city.
On the thirte(!nth, :'. piece of cannon was fired up rnnip-
street, from the opposite side ot the river ; it broke the leg of
one boy and wounded another ; it then rolled all the way to
the Church and stuck in the M'all, The next^ay a ball canu'
in the same direction, but did no harm ; both of these were
red hot. At the sanu; time one of the Derry men was killed
outside the wall, and as the enemy approached to strip him,
some of his friends tired at them and brought the body oH'.
ISIany guns were fired this day on both sides, but no injury
was done to the city.
On the sixteenth, one of the sergeants of the besieged wab
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105
kill«'lig»'(l tlio gar-
rison to fire some shotH for tho purpose of recalling them, hy
which four of the enemy were killed. The forenoon of the
seventeenth turned out extremely wet. and nothing was done
on either side during the whole of the day.
On the eighteenth, according to Cai)tain Ash's journal, for
the dat«^ of this transaction is not given hy Walker or Macken-
zie, a large party of the garrison went ahove Creggan, with Cap-
tains Noble and Cunningham, where they met the enemy, and
were almost surrounded i)efore they were aware. Captain Cun-
ningham and several of his men were killed, after quarter had
been given them, and many were wounded, several of whom
(iieil soon afterwards.
The Irish now gave daily instances of falsehood and perfidy,
wliich confirmed an account given by one of their own people,
a prisoner in the city, who, to ease a troubled conscience, con-
fessed to Walker and others that'tlu^y had all been bound by an
obligation, both of oath and written resolutions, not to keep
faith with Protestants, but to break whatever articles it should
become necessary to give them. When they hung out a white
flag to invite the besieged to a treaty, Governor Walker ven-
tured out to get within hearing of Lord Louth and Colonel
Neil, and as he passed, an hundred shots were fired at him
by the perfidious enemy. He got into a house, and upbraiding
some of their officers with this violation of faith and of common
confidence between man and man in civilized warfare, desired
that they would order their men to be quiet, or he would com-
mand the guns upon the wall to be discharged at them. The
only satisfaction he got was a denial that those he addressed
were concerned in the shameful act, or knew anything about
it. By a flagrant breach of parole, they contrived to deprive
the Derry men of the only boat which remained with them,
the rest having been taken away by those who had fled from
the city, or been sent out of it on errands. They desired that
one White, the owner of the boat should be sent to them, with
two men, whom they promised to send back in it, but they de-
tained both the men and the boat, to the great loss of those
who had been credulous enough to rely on their word. Fif-
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106
teon or sixteen of the besieged were killed in the sally which
proved fatal to Captain Cunningham.
About this time the defenders of the city heard of the arrival
of Colonel Dorrington in the Irish camp, a circumstance eagerly
communicated to them for the purpose of intimidation. This
gentleman was esteemed to be a very able officer, and of such
there was no superabundance in the besieging army. The liis-
torical drama marks his arrival as having taken place before
the death of General Kamsay, in the engagement of the fourth
of this month. This week, the Governor, with the advice of
some officers, drew a line across the Windmill hill, from the
bog to the water, they secured it, when finished, with redoubts,
to defend it from the enemy's cannon on the Prehen side of
the river. This new line was guarded both night and day by
the different regiments of infantry in their turn, for some time,
but afterwards, on suspicion of an officer on that outguard, it
was kept by detachments out of each.
The following is the account given of several of the above-
mentioned enterprises, in the Armagh poem ; —
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** In a few days the Governor sends forth
Full fifteen hundred soldiers to the north
Of Creggan-burn, and this undaunted band,
Noble and Cunningham conjoin'd command.
The fort towards Inch they seiz'd with matchless force,
But were surpris'd by Galmoy's troops of horse.
Thirty stout men in this aflfair were lost,
And in brave Cunnint,'hani alone, a host.
A prisoner, on articles, the foe
Broke trust, and martial law, and laid him low.
In many a blocdy fray, severely tried,
By a base murderer the hero died.
Such deeds as these, grown frequent, caus'd disgust,
And no man would an Irish promise trust.
Meantime, brave Noble makes a safe retreat,
At fair Brookhall the enemy we beat.
And burn their fascines ; there the strong Monro
Cut down an Irishman at every blow ;
I/vine, a Captain, admirably fought,
Ui>til he was disabled by a shot.
Hifi fatlier, brave Sir Gerrard, dead and gone,
Hp.d been reuown'd for worth in forty-one.
107
The bolts and bars of Londonderry gaol,
To keep him captive prov'd of no avail,
When Coote, for loyalty a sentence gave,
Which dooni'd Fermanagh's hero to the grave.
The foe our worsted men began to chase,
And to the city they retreat apace.
The enemy, their army to secure,
A trench began across the boggy moor.
Itgreiv'd our General's great heart and aoul,
To see them at this work without control ;
He therefore led three thousand soldiers out,
Who beat them in a trice from the redoubt.
And clear'd the trenches, but some troops of horse
In turn repell'd them by their greater force.
Three times our General the trenches gain'd.
And on our side success would have romain'd,
Had not bold Wauoiiope with a fresh supply
Compell'd our forces to the town to tly ;
From which, because no timely succour came,
Our Governors, for once, got worthy blame.
While in the glory valiant Captain Blair,
With our commander bore an equal share."
On Sunday, the nineteenth, the bcdy of Captain Cunningham
wac brought into Derry, and interred there next day with
military honours, when there was a solemn fast kept by tlie
members of the Church of Scotland, and other Nonconformists.
Besides the sermon in the Cathedral o.i this occasion, their
ministers preached in two other places of the city, and consid-
erable collections were made for the poor, who now began to
stand in great need of them. In a short time afterward, an-
other fast was observed by the members of the established
Church.
On the twenty-second, the Derry men killed five of the
enemy, and the next day many pieces of cannon were discharged
on both sides, without doing any execution ; this could hardly
have happened had the contending parties been veterans in the
art of war.
The Irish now moved the main body of their army from St.
Johnston, and pitched their tents n[)on Ballougry-liill, about
two miles from Derry, S.S.Vr. They placed guards on all
sides of the town, so that the besieged fo ind it impossil)le to
r<'ceive or convey any intelligence, and had great ditiiculty in
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obtaining a sufficient supply of water, which they often had to
seek for at the risk of their lives, and obtained by loss of blood.
One gentleman, burning with thirst, raised a bottle of water to
his head just as he took it out of the vs'ell, when a shot came
from a dexterous and perhaps humane marksman, which shiv-
ered the glass about his lips. The water of the city became so
muddy by the earth which was shaken into it by repeated con-
cussions of the ground from the discharge of cannon on the
walls, that the garrison was obligf'.d to run these risks to ob-
tain some fit for use. A few filtering stones at this time would
have been an invaluable acquisition.
Three days were now spent, as if by mutual consent of the
besiegers and besieged, in total inactivity ; but before day-
light, on the twenty-seventh, three hundred of the latter, start-
ing from the Windmill, divided into two equal parts, and pro-
ceeded to Ballougry on the one side, and Pennyburn on the
othci, in order to surprise the enemy's camp at these places.
The assailants of Ballougry effected nothing ; the others went
near a fort which the enemy had erected, and fired briskly at
the men in it, but with what effect is not known ; four of this
party were wounded there, and two killed. Lieutenant Green
led one of these parties, and Ensign Dunbar the other. On
the same day, the cannon from the city killed one of the Irish
Captains, and wounded two men. Captain Ash sent out his
sister, Gardiner, to her husband, under the protection of the
surgeon who came to attend Lord Netterville. Captain For-
tescue and her brother attended her beyond an orchard, where
she passed into the enemy's lines.
Two regiments of horse and foot now came from Strabane,
and drew up above Captain Stewart's house, where they rested
a while. Five pieces of cannon, discharged at them irom the
Church bastion, obliged them to retreat. On this day, Major
William Church was interred, and about the same time the
enemy fired three pieces of cannon, a ball from one of which
en'^ered a window of the Cathedral, but did no other damage.
This day the horse-mill at the Free school began to grind malt ;
this seems a trifling incident to be recorded, till we consider it
as a proof that there could have been no great precaution used
against approaching famine, when those who were fainting
with hunger in July, had been malting their com ii May.
109
On the twenty-eighth, as a troop of the enemy's horse were
going down to Pennyburn, the cannon from the double bastion
in the city killed three of them. Governor Baker rewarded the
gunners with three pieces of money each, of a kind which Cap-
tain Ash denominates cobs. A bombardment being threatened
on the next night, the Governor took one hundred and seven
barrels of powder out of the Church, and buried them in two
places in Bishop-street, which had been w*^lls, but w*^re now
dry. They placed them under tanned and green hides, and
some beams of timber, covering all with ruuLish an i dung. In
the evening a drum was beat through the city to warn the in-
habitants to provide water in every house to quench the fire,
if any should arise from the bombardment threatened that
night.
The morning of the thirtieth of May arrived, and proved
that threatened bombardment of the city, in the preceding
night, was one of the many falsehoods circulated by the enemy
to harass the garrison. This morning their post was taken,
and all the letters they had despatched from Dublin were
brought into the city. They stated that no less than three
thousand of the Irish army had died of sickness since the com-
mencement of the siege ; that the survivors could get no rest
from the frequent sallies of the besieged, and that they had
made places under ground to secure themselves from the can-
non shot, but all ill vain. At the same time advices came from
other parts, that a large army might be daily expected from
England to raise the siege, in consequence of which, the guns
on the walls were twice discharged, and the bells chimed in
the Cathedral.
On this day, a ball from a piece of cannon in Captain
Strong's orchp.rd, struck off the arm of one brother, and broke
the arm of another, who had been walking together in Pump-
street. This night the enemy employed themselves in making
ditches on the hill over the bog ; they also planted one piece
of cannon at Strawbridge-town, and another in Tamneinore,
over the Lough, opposite the Windmill hill.
Towards the latter end of May, the Governor of Enniskillen,
hearing that there was a garrison of the Irish army at Redhills,
in the County of Cavan, which distressed the Protestant parties
stationed near them, and that another at Ballynacarrig, in the
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same county, was equally troublesome, he therefore sent Col-
onel Lloyd, with fifteen hundred men, to reduce them. The
report of his march flying before him, with great exaggerations
of his num>»ers, the Irish fled in all directions, and on his ar-
rival at Redhills, the garrison there surrendered upon quarter.
As the house in which they had posted themselves belonged to
Colonel White, a Protestant gentleman, then in arms for King
William, it was left uninjured, and Lloyd proceeded with his
army to Ballynacarrig, taking his prisoners along with him.
The castle here was reported to be one of the strongest in that
part of Ireland, and had for several days baffled Oliver Crom-
well's army, surrendering only on the general desertion
of all the strongholds by the Irish, when the whole kingdom
was subdued. There was at this time, however, but a small
garrison in it, with little ammunition, and the news of the
taking of Rediiills struck so great a terror into the possessors
of it, that in a few hours after the Enniskillen men got there,
they held out a flag for a treaty, which ended in a capitulation,
that they should surrender the castle on condition of being
permitted, with the prisoners taken in the other fortress, to go
away unstripped, leaving the castle, with all it contained, in-
cluding arms, ammunition, furniture, Szc, to the plunder of
the besieged. Some pikes, about thirty muskets, a few cases
of pistols, and a little gunpowder were found here. As soon
as the castle had been rifled of its contents, the soldiers un-
dermined the wall, set it on fire, and in a few hours it fell to
the ground a heap of ruins. This they did, because it was a
place of great strength, situated in a part of the country al-
most exclusively occupied by the Irish, who would soon have
repossessed themselves of it, if left standing. The news of the
taking of these places flew to Dublin, gatlifrmg importance
from exaggeration as it proceeded. Fifteen thousand Protest-
ants were said to be on their march for that city, and the
rumour; which spread universal consternation, was counte-
nanced by the advance of Colonel Lloyd and his men to the
neighbourhood of Kells, in the County of Meat^, from which
place and from Finea, on their return, they brought back to
Enniskillen above three thousand cows and oxen, two thousand
sheep, and some horses, without the loss of one man.
On the last day of May, there was a skirmish at the Wind
Ill
millhill, necar Londonderry, the cannon on both sides playing
smartly. About ten o'clock in the morning, a considerable
number of the enemy came running down the fields, and poss-
essed themselves of a height beyond the place from which
they had forced our men to retreat, on which a party sallied out
of the city to the Windmill, from which, with the guard there,
they went over to the camp at the top of the hill, where there
was a warm contest for some time, but the Irish, as might be
expected, beat off their assailants, and there was much execu*
tion on both sides.
On the first of June, one of the small guns at the Windmill
fired eight or ten shots at the enemy, as they were employed in
making a trench opposite the Gallows ; and some of those who
were at this work being shot, the rest ran away. Many great
and small guns were discharged on both sides during this day,
and in the course of the night there were four shells thrown
into the city. On the next day a cannon ball struck off the
arms and legs of two men who were lying in a little hut on the
Bishop's bowling-green. Men were employed all this day in
making leaden bails for the cannon of the besieged ; hogsheads
were placed in the double and royal bastions, filled with earth
and gravel, to secure the breastworks from the battering guns
of the enemy, one of whose balls, weighing nineteen pounds,
struck the Cathedral Church, but did little damage to it. For the
greater part of this afternoon, the fire of great and small shot
was incessant, and for the four preceding days the enemy made
no less than sixteen forts on both sides of the river, fixing guns
upon such of them as they designed for immediate use. Within
these ten days, several of the enemy's partizans came to them
from Scotland, who advised a closer investment of the city
than had hitherto been attempted. The camps being before
this time no nearer than Ballougry and Pennyburn, there was
liberty for the grazing of cattle round the city within the lines,
but from this forward they wc^-e so closely besieged, that they
dared not to venture out of the Island.
On the third, some ships ai)peared in the river, below Cul-
niore. The Irish discharged thirteen bombs into the city ;
the first killed a man and a woman, the second or third killed
Mr. James Boyd, in his own house, and wounded Anne
Heath, who died shortly afterwards. The others did no other
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harm than tear up the streets, making great holes in the pave-
ment, and one of them, when it broke, flew back into the nver,
at the Shipquay. Another fell upon a dunghill in the rear of
Mr. Cunningham's house, whose wife had presence of mind
enough to draw the fuse from the touch-hole in time to prevent
an explosion of its contents. It weighed two hundred and
seventy pounds, fifteen of which were gunpowder.
A cannon ball from Tamnemore, on the other side of the
water, struck Major Graham on the chest, as he was lean-
ing over the wall at Shipquay-gate ; he died of the wound
next day. During this night, fifteen shells were thrown
into the city, which killed and wounded several people, and
broke down many houses. Seven men of Colonel Lance's
company were killed in Mr. Harper's house, Shipquay-street,
and many others elsewhere.
On the fourth of this month, the Governor of Enniskillen,
hearing that the Irish army besieging Derry had sent a great
many of their horses to graze near Omagh, despatched two
troops of dragoons under the command of Captain Francis
Gore and Arnold Crosby, into the parish of Kilskerry, order-
ing them to keep garrison at Trillick, a house belonging to
Captain Audley Mervyn, and about half way between Ennis-
killen and Omagh. They had not stayed there above two days
when, taking with them another troop of horse and two com-
panies of foot, that quartered in the parish of Kilskerry, they
went in the evening, about sun-set, towards Omagh, and before
eight o'clock the next morning they returned to Trillick, with
about eighty good horses, taken from the enemy, and nearly
as many more of smaller and inferior horses fit for labour, and
about three hundred cows. By this enterprize they dismounted
about three troops of the enemy's horse, and would have sur-
prised their fort at Omagh, if notice had not been sent to the
enemy of their coming, which gave them time to secure their
position, but not to save their cattle. On the same day that
this party marched from Enniskillen, the besiegers of Derry
attacked the works at the Windmill with horse and foot,
having divided the former into three squadrons. The first
of them 'IS commanded by the Hon. Captain Butler, son of
Lord Mountgarret, and consisted of gentlemen, sworn, as it
was reported, to top the Derry lines, which they attacKed on
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the water-side, and the other two parties were to have followed
them. The besieged placed themselves within their lines in
three ranks, so advantageously, that they were able in suc-
oession to relieve each other, and fire upon the enemy, who
expected but a single volley to impede their course. Their
infantry had faggots before them for a defence against the shot
of their adversaries, and all together, horse and foot, began
the attack with a loud shout, which was re-echoed from all
parts of the Irish cani|), by the savage howl of the numerous
rabble that had gathered round it. The faggot men found
their twigs but a weak defence against the bullets of the Pro-
testants, and were routed in a few minutes. It being low wa-
ter, Captain Butler and the horsemen under his command,
came to the end of the line, notwithstanding a heavy fire on
them, and stooping down over their horses' necks, about thirty
of them leaped on the works, and overtopped them, in accom-
plishment of their sworn purpose. The Derry men, surprised
that none of these horsemen had fallen from the many shots
fired at them, were at last undeceived by Captain Crooke, who
observed that they were covered with armour, and commanded
a fire upon their horses, which had such an effect, that but
three of these gallant gentlemen escaped with great difficulty.
Captains John and James Gladstanes, Adams, Francis Boyd,
R. Wallace, John Maglin, and William Beatty distinguished
themselves highly on this occasion. With the infantry under
their command, they left the redoubts, and attacked Butler
and his horsemen on the strand, with muskets, pikes, and
scythes, killing most of them, and driving some into the river,
to sink or swim in their iron armour. During the heat of this
action, a body of the enemy's grenadiers attacked the forts at
thebogside, where Captain Michael Cunningham kept the de-
fenders of them steady to their posts till they were beaten back
by the enemy. They were ably assisted by Lieutenants James
Kerr, Josias Abernethy and Clarke, the latter of whom was
wounded at the same moment with Mr. Thomas Maxwell.
The fair sex shared the glory of the defence of Londonderry
on this occasion ; for when the men, to whom they had, for the
whole time, intrepidly carried ammunition, match, bread and
drink, began to fall back, they rushed forward in a considerable
number, and beat back the grenadiers with stones as they
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attempted to climb up the trenches. One brave boy joinHl
them, and altogether they stemmed the torrent of war, till a
reinforcement rushed from the city and repulsed the aijsailants.
After slaughtering sixty of them, they chased the rest over the
meadows.
(Japtain Cunningham narrowly escaped with his life at this
time ; a cannon ball tore up the ground about him, and he re-
ceived a musket ball in his 1)ack.
Tlie] rout of General Hamilton's infantry at the Windmill
had by this time been completed. They had been as warmly
received as their cavalry there, and after a few of them had
furiously ran in upon their opponents, and were either killiMl
or drawn over the works by the hair of their heads, the re-
mainder wheeled about and fled in a tumultuous manner,
Colonel Monroe ac((uitted himself with great gallantry at this
place, a.i also did Captain Ash, who, with modesty characteris
tic of heroism, has not dropped an expression in his journal
which could intimate his presence there, except the following
ebulition of gratitude to heaven — " Blessed be God," says he,
" we had a notable victory over them, to their great discour-
agement, for they have not attempted a place since."
The poem found at Armagh, however, does justice to this
gallant officer, as well as to many others not mentioned by him,
or Walker, or Mackenzie, and thus affords another opportunity
and apology for quoting it.
((
THE SECOND BATTLE OF WINDMILL HILL.
:H
" To guard the Windmill from the watchful foe,
Strong trenches in a line they quickly throw
From Columb's wells, upon our western side,
Down to the lowest point that marks the tide.
Colonel Monro is stationed near the walls —
Stout Campbell's post upon his left hand falls.
Along the trenches many cai)tain3 stand.
Each at the head of an intrepid band.
Beside the glossy margin of the lake.
Did Col'nel Cairnes his position take,
When in defence of our devoted town.
He found success and merited reno\vn.
Soon Col'nel Nugent in front appears.
Commanding a strong force of grenadiers.
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He makes his onset briskly at the wells,
As briskly him the stout Monro repels.
Then reinforcM, the Irish force rotiirn,
T(' figl.t or (lie impatiently they burn.
On goes the fray, till near the holy well
Nugent was wounded and O'Farrell fell.
Waucaope and Huchan, Scottish Chiefs, then come
With ten battalions marching, fife and dnim,
Yet could they not our constant fire sustain.
While dead men's bodies cover'd all the plain.
The Irish press'd our trenches on the strand.
Till noble Ash their efforts did withstand.
Armstrong came on to aid him in the fight.
And then they put their boldest foes to flight.
Away Bob Parker pike and pike-staff threw,
And with large stones nine Irish soldiers slew ;
Another Ajax, aiming sure and slow,
A skull was fractur'd at his every blow.
Gladstanes and Baird, a bright example show,
And Captain Hannah stoutly fought the foe.
Their h'^rsemen bravely came with heart and hand.
Resolved that nothing should their arms withstand.
Fierce was the contest, we their force repel,
And almost all their gallant party fell.
Butler, their leader, we a prison'r take,
Captain M'Donald too we captive make ;
Whilst valiant Watson, fightin* unto death,
Resigned upon the spot his latest breath.
Cainies did wonders in this bloody field,
Where to his arm full many a foe did yield.
Here follow'd closely valiant Captain Lane,
By whom the foe in multitudes were slain.
Their foot bore off their dead upon their back.
To save their bodies from our fierce attack.
Then, reinforc'd we chase them o'er the plain,
Where full two thousand of their men are slain.
On our side, Maxwell fell upon the spot,
Knock'd down and shatter'd by a cannon shot,
While Col'nel Hammel did the foe pursue.
Through his left cheek a pistol bullet flew.
The valiant Murray, «fcc."
{Here is a want of eight pages.)
The account of the carrying off the dead bodies of their com-
panions, for the purpose of saving their own bones, is con'obo-
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ratod both by Walker and Mackcinzie, the former of whom says,
" We ^Yondered that the foot did not, according to custom, run
faster, till we took notice that in their retreat they took tli» ir
dead on their backs, and so preserved their own bodies fputii
the remainder of our shot, which was more service than tiny
did when alive."
The Irish lost four hundred of their men in this action, ami
the following is a list of their loss in officers : —
Lieutenant-Colonel Farrel, two French Captains, Captain
Graham, Lieutenant Bourke, Adjutant Fahey, Quarter-Miisttr
Kelly, Ensi<,'ns Norris and Arthur, killed. The Hon. Captain
Butler, with Captains M'Donnel, M'Donagh, and Watson;
Lieutenants Eustace, a French Lieutenant, and Sergeant Pigot,
prisoners.
The Derry men lost but five or six private men. Captain
Maxwell, who behaved himself with great courage, on this occa-
sion, had his arm broken by a cannon ball, of which he died
in three days afterwards ; and Thomas Gow had all the tlesh
shot from the calf of his leg by another, but the bone not being
broken, he recovered. Mackenzie mentions three of their Col-
onels, Murray, Monro, and Hammel, who were engaged on
that day, and he says, in corroboration of the account in the
Armagh poem, that the latter was hurt on the cheek with a
small bullet, a circumstance not noticed either by Walker or Ash.
The Irish lost four pair of colours in this action, and almost all
their arms, which incensed them so much, that they threw six
and thirty shells into the town, by which many lost their lives.
One of these fell on the house of Colonel Cairnes, and made its
way down to the cellar, where some of the sick men of Captain
Ash's company lay ; it killed two of them, and wounded many
others. Some of Major Campsie's and Mr. Sherrard's men
were killed by these shells. One of them fell on the Diamond-
house, went through it, and fell withiii six feet of forty-seven
barrels of gunpowder, which had been buried in a dry well,
i On the next day, being Friday, the fifth of June, twenty-sLx
bombs played against the city, by which many were killed and
wounded. They broke down houses, raised stones, and made
great holes in the streets. On the same day Mr. Edmund
Stones, in the time of parley, went with leave from the Irish to
117
lilittlo wf'll boyond th«' hog, wlioii a French offioiT treachor-
iusly came behind him, snatt^hod liis sword out of the scab-
Ibaril, and wounded him, but not mortally, in the side.
The enemy now increased thoir shells to a great size ;
Isorae of them were said to weigh two hundred and sevcmty-
three pounds, but their fuses not being prepared in an efficient
I manner, a great proportion of them fell without bursting, and
(lid no damage. Such of them as did burst wore very destruc-
tive, and the terror of them mado the inhabitants leave their
[houses at night and lie about the walb, where they contracted
diseases, which added to the prevailing mortality. Major
Brerae and Sur^'eon Lindsay were killed on the night of this
Jay, iis also Mr. Henry Thompson, a public-spirited burgess of
the city. The loss of Mr. Lindsay at this time was much felt,
for he had been very useful to the sick and wounded soldiers.
The bombs supplied only one convenience to counterbalance
all the mischief they did ; fuel was now growing scarce, and
they saved the trouble of ascertaining which of the houses
should be pulled down first to supply it. One of the shells
fell into the house of Captain James Boyd, broke down the
side of it, and killed himself. Several officers who were then
at dinner in the house escaped the danger, though the shell fell
near the room in which they were sitting. Another killed
seven, and another three of the men of the garrison.
On the next morning the bombs began again, and out of two
mortars thirty shells were discharged, some large and some
small, which did great mischief. One of these fell on Major
Carapsie's house, sunk into the cellar, and struck the heads out
of two wine hogsheads, but fortunately did not touch a large
quantity of gunpowder which lay near them. Another fell on
Captain Cairnes' house, breaking all the furniture and glass in
it. Another fell on Captain Abram's house, and smeared it
all over with some syrup which had been stored there ; it also
broke the Captain's under jaw. Three of them fell on he Mar-
ket-house, which greatly defaced it, and spoiled the clock.
On the seventh, eleven bombs were shot into the city, with
little or no damage to it ; and in the meantime, the spirits of
the garrison were raised by a view of three small ships, the
0-reyhound frigate with two small ketches, coming up the river
towards Culmore. A boat was launched for the purp ose
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mnctin^ tliPin, but could not bo movrd from tlin slioro, ))ccau><
th(5 |)lac«»s for the oars had beon iiiado so near to ♦•arli oth«r,
that tlio men liad not room to row. Tlw ships firt-d on th.
casthi at (Julmorc, us soon as tlicy approachcil within shot u\
it, but one of tlifm runninj; a«^round on Ix'ing h-ft l)y tlic till..
was nuudi endangered by the (Mieniy's cannon. The Irisli calltl
to the Derry men in derision to send (h>wn carpenti'rs to iminl
her; but she soon riglited, and with the others got out of th.
range of tlie fire from tlui fort. In the Hfe of dames tli»' Second.
it is observed, that tliis vesstd wouKl luivo beiMi battered tn
pieces, but that tlie gunners at (.^dmore were noiu; of llu* U-a.
The bombs recomnKiueed their work of (h'struction ne.xt ilay,
no less than fivt; and thirty of them being disdiarged iiitoth-
city, killing some peoph", and wounding many monj, by sluittcr
ing their legs and arms to ])ieces. One of them fell uj)oii Mr,
Moore's house, and drove a stone out of it, which killeil a iiian
at the Shipcjuay bastion, below the magazine.
On Sunday, the ninth, there was a i)ause in the firing on th.
city ; the besiegers for this day intermitted their camioiuul. ,
not in honour of the Sabbath, which th«'y had never before tlii«
time observed as a day of rest from their fruitless labours at
Londonderry, but because it happeneil to be the patron day ot
St. Columbkill ! ! !
On the tenth, the Governor of Enniskillen, having heard ui
the dreadful state of the Protestants in Londonderry, wlio. u
was generally thought, would be obliged to surrender, if not
relieved in a very few days, marched with two thousand of lii>
men on his way towards that City, and came that night to Tiil-
lick. The next morning he proceeded towards Omagh, and on
the way received a false information of that place having l)i'iii
abandoned by its garrison. Deceived by this news some ot
those who travelled with the Enniskillenners, but were not un
der any command, went on before the main body, in ho})e et
getting the plunder of the town before the soldiers got into it.
Such was their incautious haste that they went near a mile be-
fore the forlorn hope, and the consequence w as, that when tlity
got within three miles of Omagh, they were surprised by ;i
party of the Irish that lay in ambuscade in a valley, and came
upon them unawares. They all, however, effected their escajie
with the exception of Mr. Rowland Beatty, a man in good
L'«'ndrs near
the city, and delivering them to the guards, returned to attack
a detachment of Irish in Tamnevmore, who were at this time
drawing oft' one of their cannon, but they fled on the approach
of the boat, leaving the gun behind thtmi, and were followed
nearly to the top of the hill, when the pursuers perceiving a
strong party advancing to intercept them, turned back, a!id
with difficulty got into their boat. Captain Ash's date of this
transaction diff'ers from that assigned to it botli by Walker and
Mackenzie. This day, a regiment of the Irish horse came from
Muff" and drew up in a body near Rossdony. Three pieces of
cannon were fired at them from the bulwark above Ferry Gate,
and were supposed to have done some 'Execution, and caused
them to retreat by the road which they came.
Desertions from the city now became so frequent that the
enemy received constant intelligence of what was passing in it,
which gave great trouble to the Governors, as they were obliged,
under such circumstances, to make frequent removals of their
ammunition, and use other inconvenient expedients to render
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this kind of information uncertain. As a countorbalanco to
some of tlie many prevalent distresses at this period of the.
siege, the gunners had now, by experience, become so precise
at levelling the guns upon the walls, that scarcely a single
shot was fired without doing execution.
Immediately after tne arrival of Rosen, he caused some bat-
teries to be thrown up by night, and raised a line on the other
side of the bog opposite to the Wind-mill hill, preparatory to
his laying and springing a mine, and he removed the besieging
camp and trenches nearer to the town than they had been, for
the purpose of cutting off the works and interrupting the relief
of the guards. He also ran a lino through the orchard oppo-
site to Butcher's go.te and within a few perches of it ; ordering
the mortar pieces t:* bo taken from the orchard on the other
side of the river and to be placed on the hill above the bog, oa
the western side of the city. He also planted the batteri ^
guns, which threw balls of about twenty pounds each, at a con-
venient distance before the same g ite. They plied the besieged
closely with their bombs and batt .ring pieces from this time to
the twenty-first of July, when thoy entirely ceased, firing them
at uncertain hours, some in the day time and some at night.
The Governors, availing themselves of the skill and industry
of Captain Schomberg, son of the renowned veteran Mareschalof
that name, and regularly trained in the art of war, and being
moreover instructed by the manoeuvers of the enemy, which
they closely watched, countermined the besiegers before But-
cher's-gate, and contrived a blind to protect their engineers
from the opposite battery, whose fire was returned with such
vigour and precision from the walls, that few days passed with-
out the loss of some choice and most forward men in the Irish
armv.
On the night of the twentieth, some of the enemy came upon
the guards on the out-posts at the gallows, and wounued one
of them, obliging the rest to retreat to the Windmill, which
alarmed the city, and a strong force went out, expecting an
assault. They waited there all n'ght on the alert, but no at-
tack was made upon them.
Twenty bomb shells vvere thrown into the city on the twenty-
firpo of June ; t\vc of them fell upon the Church, one of them
passed over without injuring it, the other raisfed some sheets
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of lead, but it did not pass Mirough, and some fragmonts of it.
were found by Mr. William Stowart, wlion taking oil" thn ma-
terials of the old roof in the autumn of 1822. Tho rest did
little damage, except killing one man and wounding another'
Two of the Derry men. were killed this day near the lane next
the meadows, from the new trench made by the enemy oppo-
site the Windmill, and about this time many were killed in at-
tempting to bring water from St. Golumb's well. A coun"il
was held this day at the Bishop's palace, where Governor Baker
lay extremely ill, in which Mitchelburn was confirmed by his
worthy predecessor, the Governor of the city, unless he should
recover from his illness, which was still expected. Captain
Ash mentions this circumstance as a proof that no malice burned
in Baker's mind against Mitchelburn, although there had been
a dispute between them of such a nature that they drew their
swords upon each other.
On the twenty-third the remains of Colonel Talbot, who
died two days before, were interred, and his wife, who had of-
fered the ransom for him, was, after some deliberation, where
there ought to have been none, permitted to go from the gar-
rison. She went out in the evening attended by some officers.
One of the Captains, named Stringer, deserted to the enemy
this day, and also one of the drummers. The engineers of the
Irish army prosecuted their works in the orchard this night,
the besieged still firing at them from the wall ; on the next
day the trench through that orchard was finished, and six
bombs were throvvn into the city, of -"^hich only three exploded
The garrison had now used all their endeavours to get in-
telligence from the ships, but in vain. The signs from the
steeple, both by flags and cannon shot, failed to elicit any in-
timation that Kirk was acquainted with the distressed situa-
tion of the city. Roche, afterwards a Captain in King Wil-
ham't. army, arrived with a letter from the English G(;neral,
assuring them, in the kindest manner, that everything in Scot-
land, England, and Ireland was prosperous, and tiiat succours
beyond their wishes were speedily to join them ; he added,
however, a chilling caution to husband their provisions, an ad-
monition, say3 Dalrymple, more alarming to them, than all the
menaces of their enemies. A Scotchman, named James Cromie,
had accompanied Boche from the fleet to the spot on the river
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130
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side, where he hid his clothes and took the water, but hein^
unable to swim, waited for a day or two concealed in bushes
near that ])lace, expecting a boat which his adv«Miturous com-
panions had i)roniised to send for him in tho course of tln'
night. The Irish guards, however, discovered liim, and l)v
way of counterplot, obliged him, on penalty of death, to swear
tliat he would give the besieged a discouraging account. Thev
then hung out a signal for a parley, which being granted, ainl
some men b(Mng sent over to speak with him, he rep<'at('tl the
account which he had sworn to give ; y(!t when Colonel Blair
ask(!d him why his account differed from that of Roche, he re-
plied, that he was in the enemy's camp, and the other messen-
ger within the walls of Derry. Kirk's letter, which was di-
rected to Walker, had been written on the preceding Sunday.
and, in addition to the particulars above mentioned, it stated
that officers, ammunition, and arms had been sent from the
fleet to the Enniskilleners, who, for their encouragement, it n-
ported to have had a force of three thousand infantry and fif-
teen hundred horse, with a regiment of dragoons, all of which
had promised to come to the relief of Derry. The writer said
that he would, at the same time, make a diversion, by attack-
ing the enemy with a force detached froTn the Island of Inch.
and that he was in momentary expectation of a reinforcement
of three thousand men from England, as they had been shipped
there eight days before. He added, that from several of the
enemy who had deserted to him, he had assurance that the be-
sieging army could not stand long, and that he had heard from
Enniskillen of the ^ jfeat of the Duke of Berwick. Cliarged
with this letter, and accompanied by Cromie, Koche passed
through the enemy's out-posts, camp, and guard, a distance of
about eight miles, whence, as already mentioned, he proceeded
alone, and swam into the city. He was not so fortunate in
his return to the fleet ; after resting but one day in Derry, he
swam to the spot where he had left his clothes, a distance of
three miles, and found they had been taken away. The Gov-
ernors' letters were tied in a bladder to protect them from the
water, and concealed in his hair. He ran in a state of naked-
ness for three miles, pursued by the enemy, and escaped from
them only by taking shelter in a thick wood where horsemen
could not follow him, but where his sufferings were intense
I'K
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from the lacoration (»f liis body by briars and thorns. Covpn-d
from head to foot with blood, ho passed round through tlu*
roods to the water sit himself intoxicated with liquor, and at ten o'clock in
the night, while the enemy kept up a heavy cannonade of
bomb shells, he attacked the wor*-s at t-he Butchers' gate, aud
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few of the garrison being out at the time, he soon possessed
himself of them, although one of their shell, which had missed
it5 aim, fell among his men, and some of them were so cow-
ardly as to run close under the walls for shelter from the shots
tliey expected to be fired at them. The noise of the explod-
ing shell alarmed the garrison, and the light of the combustibles,
ignited and thrown about by it, discovered the assailants just
a» Clancarty, drunk as he was, had entered some mines in a
low cellar under the half-bastion, and a horseman at the
Butchers'-gate had called for fire to burn it.
Three captains. Nobles, Homes, and Dunbar, with several
other gentlemen, to the number of sixty and upwards, now
sallied out at Bishop's gate, and crossing along the wall till they
came very near the enemy's guards receiving their fire without
stopping, advanced to a position which enabled them to fire
with effect, and then thundered their shots against them. The
oase-shot from the bastion and small shot from the walls seconded
the fire of the gallant Noble and his band of heroes so effec-
tually, that Lord Clancarty, finding he had been misled by
more false spirits than one, got sober enough to quit his post
and hasten to the main body of his superstitious friends, leav-
ing his miners and one hundred of his best men dead u})on the
spot. Several of his officers and private soldiers were wounded,
as it was reported to the garrison, died of the injury they re-
ceived, in a few days after this action. The officers killed were,
afVench Lieutenant-Colonel, whose name was not ascertained.
Captains M'Carthy and O'Bryan, a French and English Captain,
and an English Lieutenant ; Corporal Macguire and a private
soldier were taken prisoners. There was but one man killed
and one wounded on the Derry side, in the sharp engagement
of this night. It is only fair in this place to acknowledge,
that the Irish army had no monopoly of superstition at this
period, when death, raging in varied shapes, tended to para-
lyze, while it terrified the human mind. If the besiegers be-
lieved in the prophecy of the pyebaid horse, and Clancarty's
magical rap at the Butche7s'-g;ite, the besieged, according to a
credible tradition still preserved in the city, were fully assured
that, at the hour of twelve o'clock every night, an Angel,
mounted on a snow-white horse, and brandishing a sword of a
'-right colour, was seen to compass the city by laud and water.
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Nine bombs were thro>vn into the city upon the twenty-
ninth of this month. One of them fell in the old Church,
raised five bodies from, their graves, and threw one of them over
the wall. Their scattered remains were immediately re-inter-
red, by a subscription from a few gentlemen. During a ]tarley
this day, one of the garrison was killed at the outside of Butch-
er's-gate, and another on the wall.
On the last day of June, Governor Henry Baker died ; his
death was a sensible loss to the besieged, as he was a valiant
man, showing, says Walker, in all his actions the greatest hon-
our, courage, and conduct. Mackenzie observes, he was a
great loss to the garrison, by whom he was justly lamented,
his prudent and resolute conduct having given him a great
in ce rest among them. Captain Ash represents him as a gen-
tleman greatly beloved, and very well qualified for the
government, being endued with great patience and moderation,
free from envy or malice, as appeared in the affair between him
and Mitchelburn, whom he recommended to be his successor.
He was buried in one of the vaults under the Church, the pall
being borne by the Governors, Walker and Mitchelburn, Colo-
nels Lance and Campbell, Lieutenant-Colonel Campbell, and
Colonel Monro. The Rev. Seth Whittel, Kector of Ballyscul-
len, preached his funeral sermon.
On this day, being Sunday, Rosen sent a declaration into
Derry, that if the garrison would not surrender to him befort-
six o'clock on the ensuing evening, he would drive the pro-
tected and unprotected Protestants from Enniskillen to Charle-
mont, under their walls, and that in case of their not then sur-
rendering, he would make a general assault upon them, and
put them to the sword without respect to age or sex. lie
threatened also to burn and lay waste the country if there should
appear the least probability of troops coming to their relief.
He also wrote a letter to James this day, with a copy of \n>
declaration against the Protestai'ts of a considerable part of
LUster, and stated that he was induced to ado]>t this meat^up.
from the little hopes he had of reducing the garrison in any
other way. The trenches he said were so filled both by tlif
tide and tlic continual rains, that the besieging army wa> i;i
danger of being destroyed by sickness. The letter is evidently
•Ml intemperate one, and by an independent Prince Avuuld Ic
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construed as an affront. Anticipating a countermand of the
cruel order he was about to issue, he threatened to res'gn the
command of the army in case his project should not be approv-
ed ; and it appears from Charles Leslie's reply to Archbishop
King's account of this transaction, that the Irish General
Hamii*:on had a serious difference of opinion with the French
Commandant on this occasion, in which almost every other
officer in the besieging army joined the former.
Rosen's proposal was received in Derry with contempt, not
unmingled with indignation, which produced some heat and
disorder in t\v^ irascible Mareschal, to which he gave im-
mediate vent by a renewal of tlie bombardment on the next
morning, when twenty shells were thrown into the city ; one
of these fell upon the steeple of the Cathedral, and rolled down
among the bells, doing but little damage ; another struck the
turrets and broke the leads. Rosen now issued his barbarous
orders, dated July 1st, 1(589, in which he was unmanly enough
to order the officers under his command to wage war against
women and children. " As 1 have certain information," lie
says, " that a considerable number of the wives and children of
the rebels in Londondeny have retired to Belfast and the
neighbouring places, and as the hardiness of their husbands and
fathers deserves the severest chastisement, 1 write this letter to
acquaint you, that yon are instantly to make an exact research
ill Belfast and its neighbourhood, after such subjects as are re-
bellious to the will of the King, whether men, ivumeii, buys or
girls, without exception, and whether tliey are protected or un-
protected, to arrest them and collect them together, that they
may be conducted by i'^ detachment to this camp, and driven
under the walls of Londonderry, where they shall be allowed
to starve, in sight of the rebels within the town, unless they
choose to open their ports to them," (^'c, (tc. In another para-
graph of the same order he desires that infants should be in-
cluded, and that none of any age whatever should be suffered
to escape.
On the second of this month, the Derry men replied, they
had read the Mareschal's threatetiing letter in their families,
and had taken great offence at its contents, by which they could
understand that no article or capitulation could Ix; made with
him ; that his avowed intention of breaking the lu'otections
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already granted proved that, no performance of any new prom-
ises could be expected from him. They also observed, that
the copy of the commission granted to Rosen was dated on the
first day of the preceding month of May, after which time a
Parliament had passed an Act in Dublin, by which their lives
and properties had been declared to be forfeited, and that,
therefore, they did not consider him duly authorised to treat
with them, and desired he would procure another commission.
Upon receiving this answer, Rosen caused his orders to be
put into execution, and beginning with the Protestants in the
immediate neighbourhood, had them collected in all directions
into churches and other public buildings, and some of them
into dirty pounds and rotten houses, without fire or light, after
having been plundered of their remaining substance and
stripped of their clothes. Many old and tender people, some
women with child, and feeble children, died by the cruel usage
they experienced in these places of confinement, on their way
to Derry. The Irish officers employed in this melancholy ser-
vice executed these orders with tears in their eyes, and many
of them declared that the cries of these victims of cruelty
seemed to ring in their ears ever afterwards. General Hamil-
ton was so shocked at the sight, that in defiance of Rosen, his
commanding officer, he ordered meal and other provisions to be
distributed among the wretched groups as they passed through
the Irish camp. When they first came in sight of the city,
they were mistaken for a column of the besieging army ad-
vancing to storm it, and to add to their terrors, they were re-^
ceived by a vuUey of small shot from their friends on the walls,
but providentially none were injured by any of the shots,
which had no other effect than killing three of the soldiers who
were driving them forward with their swords, and pushing on
those who, from excessive weakness, were falling behind, or
tottering on their emaciated limbs. The first division consisted
of some thousands, and the compassion they excited in the gar-
rison venting itself in a universal burst of rage, a gallows was
immediately erected for the execution of all the prisoners in
the city. In the meantime, the news of Rosen's barbarous
proceeding flew to the metropolis, and Doctor Anthony Dop-
ping, Bishop of Meath, went immediately to James to prevail
on him to rescind the cruel order ; the unfortunate Prince
139
coldly replied, that he had heard of it before, and had sent
onlers to prevent its being executed, and apologizing for
Rosen's foreign habits, observed, that this practice, though
strange in Ireland, was common in other places, and he might
have added, that this persecutor, whom he unwisely continued
in his service after this act of barbarous folly, had been em-
ployed by the French King to dragoon the Protestants of Lan-
guedoc, whom he treated with unparalleled cruelty. General
Maumont was his colleague in that anti-christian campaign.
The letter countermanding the driving of the Protestants be-
fore Londonderry, was dated on the third of Ju\y, and while
it required that they should i)e sent back to their respective
habitations without injury, jesuitically approved of the pillag-
ing and ravaging of the country in such a way, as to leave
them no habitations to receive them, or means of subsistence
to keep them from perishing from hunger. In the meantime
the garrison sent a trumpet to the enemy, with notice that
they would permit some Popish Priests to come into the city
to prepare the prisoners in their own way for that death which
inevitably awaited them, if the Protestant multitudes around
the walls were not permitted to depart. No notice was taken
of this message, and the unhappy prisoners, acknowledged the
justice of the retaliation of which they were to be the victims,
wrote a moving letter to General Hamilton, imploring him to
represent their sad condition to Lieutenant-General de Rosen,
to whom they had made an application without receiving any
answer. They stated their willingness to die like soldiers, with
swords in their hands, but entreated that they should be spared
the ignominious death of malefactors. The letter was sub-
scribed by another person for I^ord Netterville, who had lost
some of the fingers of his right hand in the engagement in
wliich he was taken prisoner. It was also signed by Sir Garret
Aylmer, the Hon. Captain Buttler, Mr. Newcomen, and some
others, in the nimie of the rest of the prisoners. Hamilton re-
plied, by order of his commanding officer, that the Protestants
driven under the walls of tlie city had to thank themselves
for tliat misfortune ; that they had conditions offered to them
which they might have accepted ; that if the Irish prisoners
shouhi suffer for this it could not be helped, but that their death
would be revenged on many thousands. The writer here con-
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foumls th3S0 without tlin walls with their friends within ; no
terms had been offered to th'^ former ; but it is ditficiilt to
write an uncandid letter with precijion. The garrison was this
night reauced to the number of five thousand seven hundred
and nine men.
On the second of this month, the prisoners taken in the
Irish boat by Colonel Murray, on the eighteenth of June, wt;re
sent to bury those who had been killed at the Windmill and tlie
bog, nearly a month before. This delay in burying the dead
must have contributed much to increase the sickness, wliich
now began to prove dreadfully fatal both to the besieged and
the besiegers. Tlie prisoners, who were of Clancarty's re<,'i-
ment, performed this unpleasnat duty, and returned to their
place of confinement in the Newgate.
About this time Mr. Andrew Robinson left the city, but on
account of some imprudent words he spoke among them, the
enemy stripped him and sent him back again. Captain William
Beatty, who, in all the encounters and skirmishes with the
enemy, had ever behaved himself with great integrity and val-
our, was also obligfid, by a violent dysentery, to accept a protec-
tion from the enemy, and he retired to Moneymore. In this
neighbourhood he lived to rear twelve sons to manhood, one of
whom was Mr. James Beatty, a merchant in Newry, and another
Vincent, tli(^ father of the late Ross Beatty, of Clones, in the
County of Monaghan, and of the late Mr. James Beatty, of the
Waterside of Londonderry.
On the third day (^f this month one thousand was added to
the number of the afflicted Protestants driven under the walls.
Many of them were taken into the garrison by their friends,
contrary to ordei-s, and relieved with food and clothing. One
of these delivered a message to the city from Kh'k's fleet, de-
siring the garrison, if in great necessity, to make two fires upon
the church, which was instantly done, and they were kept burn-
ing during the whole of the night, in the course of which and
the day preceding it, thirty bomb-shells were thrown into the
city. One of these fell into the chimney of the house in which
Captain Ash was quartered ; it broke open the hearth, threw
down some partitions, windows and dtors, btit did no other
injury. The besieged took the opportunity which presented
itself this day to crowd five hundred of their useless people
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141
among the Protestants under the walls, and to supply their
place, took in some young and able-bodied men. This strata-
gem succeeded, although the enemy suspected the design, and
some of them pretended to distinguish the Deny men by that
smell which proceeds from those who have been long in con-
finement, withoui the necessary change of garments.
About this time a numerous and well appointed array from
the province of Munster, under the command of Justin M'Carty,
lately created Lord Viscount Mountcashel, arrived atBelturbet,
where it was joined by a body of northern Papists, commanded
by Cohonaght More Maguire. This uuitetl force amounted in
number to 7,000 men, who, according to a preconcerted plan,
were to attack the Pvuniskillenners on the south, while Sars-
field, with another army, pressed on them from the west, and
the Duke of Berwick, who lay encamped ao Trillick, came upon
them from the north, An account, however, came to the be-
sieged on the third of the month, from General Kirk, which
tended to revive liieir spirits at a time when their enemies had
reason to suppose that, being encompassed as it were in a net,
all pussiltility of escape was cut ofi' from them. A ship had
been sent round from Lough-Swilly to Ballyshannon, for the
purpose of ascertaining the wants of the garrison at Phmiskil-
len, and to offer them a supply of ammunition or any other
necessaries. This was a most acceptable message, for although
the soldiers there were tolerably well supplied with arms, from
the stores which they had taken from Colonel Sutherland, yet
they had but little gunpowder, an article indispensable to their
safety at this time. Colonel Lloyd, Captain Francis Core, and
Hugh Montgomery, with the Kev. Andrew Hamilton, were sent
on the fourth of July with some troops of horse and companies
of foot, to guard what ammunition they should get, and tc give
Captain Hobson, the commanch-r of the vessel, an account of
the state am condition oftluur town, and the country about it.
Tliis day, in the absence of Mr. Hamilton, the Duke of Ber-
wick came to his dwelling-house with two regiments of foot and
as many regiments of dragoons ; they plundered and burned it
to the ground, and then destroyed all the houses of his tenantry,
•expressing their regret at rot having found himself, " to make
meat of his flesh for their hawks," in revenge for the horses
whicli had been taken from them at Omagh, some time before,
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as they alleged, by his contrivance. This was a surprise upon
the Enniskillennerh, in the absence of their gallant Lloyd and
a considerable proportion of their force. The Governor came
on the same night to Mr. Hamilton's ruined habitation, after
the enemy had gone out of it, and his party not being strong
enough to follow and attack them in their quarters, he returned
to Enniskillen, ordering strong guards to be kept on all Uie
roads from Trillick to tha*^ town.
h the meantime, ?; pi . i 'ip " . i-' • ^owd o'unforiunate Pro-
testants lay in a Soate of < > tr.Mijp mi.^ery round the walls of
Londonderry, and whilf. fa;.nt;<<' .. >d iolated several of their wives and daughters.
On con})laiMt })eing made of these brutal c trages, the answer
they recei d was, that these robbers and ravishers had no au-
thority fo< /hat they had d'^ne, and that any further attempt
t''ey rhouid make might br jppossd by force. Satisfied with
this answer, the unliappy sufferers resolved to defend them
selves as they had been permitted to do, but happening to kill
some of their assailants, they were immediately denounced as
rebels, and Major-General Buchan was sent against them with
a body of troops. A massacre ensued, which lasted for several
days, in the course of which five or six hundred of them were
killed in cold blood. Many of the victims were poo|:, aged, and
weakly people ; some killed at their work, when suspecting no
danger near them. A representation was made of this cruel
proceeding to James at his court in Dublin, but so far from re-
senting i*", or ordering the perpetrators of the massacre to b >
punished, he railed against the Protestants in general as false,
perfidious rebels. They have been killed, he said, with my
protections in their pockets ; words inconsiderately spoken, for
who could afterwards set any value upon these protections, or
treat with him on the usual terms of civilized warfare 1
As soon as the Protestants were removed by the besieging
army from the neighbourhood of Londonderry, the garrison
took down the gallows they had erected, and the prisoners in
the city were sent back to their respective lodgings. At this
time, Governor Walker got intimation from a friend in the
enemy's camp, that some mischief was intend«^d against him, and
he soon afterwards discovered that the soldiers 'had been per
suaded not only that he had secreted a considerable quantity of
provisions, which ought to have been sent to the pu})lic store,
but that he had pledged himself, on the promise of some great
preferment, to betray the city to the enemy.
With respect to the first of these charges, he readily refuted
it, by causing a strict search to be made in his house : and as
to the second, he cast off the foul imputation, by arresting a Mr.
Cole, who, in the preceding month of May, had ootained leave
to pass from the enemy's camp into the city, by taking charge
of a proposal from Geiii^ral Hamilton to Mr. Walker, which he
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never delivered, his object in bearing it hein<^ only to effeet liis
escape. Col«' had casually mentioned this circJimstance in the
garrison, and Walker's enemies iiiagnitied it into a plot for sur-
rendering the city. They indicated their suspicions to tlv
Governor hy saluting him by high names and titles, whenever
they met him, and would probably have kijidled a dangerous
mutiny in the garrison, had not Cole, on his ])ublic examina-
tion, unriddled the mystery, and restored the confidence of the
men of Londonderry in their faithful (Jovernor. Jn the mean-
time, the guards upon the out-works had several conferences
with j)arties of the enemy, who frequently expressed their utter
detestation of the French officers and soldi<'rs, cursing the
fellows who walked in trunks, as they called their jack-boots,
and got all the preferments which were disposed of in tlie
army.
From the first of this month to the termination of the siege,
the officers on duty in the city were appointed to assemble in four
several parts of it, and remain there all night. The Colonels,
Majors, and Captains, at Governor Mitchelburn's ; the Lieu-
tenants at Mr Buchanan's ; the Ensigns at the Bishop's ; and
the Sergeants at Mr Stewart's. They went their rounds hy
turns, and the soldiers of each company staid at their quarters,
except such as were absent on out-guards, with their clothes
and arms, standing in rank round the quarters, and a candle
burning all night. The officers were allowed candles, tobacco,
pipes, and Adam's ale, as Captain Ash calls the water they
drank ; and at four o'clock every morning two great guns were
fired against the enemy, serving at the same time as a signal.
that the regulars who were on Juty during the night might re-
tire to rest, and that their places should be taken by volunteers
and unenlisted inhabitants, to remain on the wall till seven
o'clock.
Nine shells were thrown into the city on the fifth of July,
which injured some houses, and raised a few dead bodies from
their graves. About the sixth or seventh, Governor Mitchel-
burn observing but few men about the camp of the besiegers,
drew oat a body of the garrison beyond the lines at the Win.l-
mill, where they had some skirmishing with the enemy, in
which action an Irish Colonel was mortally wounded, but night
coming on, and the salliers having got into some confusion.
14o
from Tnistakinj:^ a word of command, they retired back to the
city. A loud liuzza was about this time heard in all the camps
of the enemy round the city, and care was taken to inform the
besieged that it was for joy on the taking of Enniskillen. This,
however, was one of the nusny false n'ports circulated hy an
t'liomy depending ii])(>n aitificc ;nid fraud, rather than valour
Mild skill, for the attainment of their purposes ; the men of
Knuiskillt'n, so far from surrendering, were at this time
strengthening thems<-lves, by con-eying to their stores thirty
barrels of gunpowder, with some aims, from the ship liotmren-
titrc, commanded by (\'i])tain Hobson, and sent to their relief
by (Jcneral Kirk. The arms they left in the garrison of Hally-
.^bannon, and sent the Rev. Andrew Hamilton and Mr. .lolin
Killer, in the Htniavent m\ to the Knglish Heet, for the purpose
of obtaining more ammunition, together with some experienced
officers, and a reinforcement of common soldiers.
Mareschal De Rosen wrote the following letter this day to
the unfortunate Prince, his master, exhibiting a description of
the wretchedness of the besieging army at this time : —
" Camp before Lundonden'y, 5tk July, 1G89.
"Sire — I am frrieved to see so little attention given to the exe-
cution of your Majesty's orders, .at a time when matters are be-
coiue troublesome and embarrassed. Kirk is always at his post,
waiting the arrival of three regiments of cavalry and two of infan-
try, wliich are to join liim under the command of Charles Count
Schomlierg. There is no doubt but this expectation has kept him
fi'niii making any attenipt to throw provisions into Derry ; as ho
niigiit easily have done by hazarding some vessels for that end ;
yet your troops which have been lately .sent have arrived in almost
the .same condition with the f(jnner, having been obliged to take
such arms witli them as were given them, the greater i)art of which
iiro damaged and broken, and accordingly useless, asyun have not in
all ijovr army a liitnilc ijunsmith to invml them !
" The troops whicli are here with Hamilton, are in a still worse
condition, and the regiments entirely lost and mined ; the strong-
est battalion having but two hundred men, and more than two-
thirds of them are without swords, belts, or bandaliers. The cavalry
and dragoons are not the better that they are more numerous,
as t e strongest company has not more than twelve or fourteen
troopers able to serve, The river which divides your army, and
prevents commimication, diminishes its strength considerably. The
detachment under the Duke of Berwick's oonnnand, beirig more
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than thirty inilen from this [Anvv. wc.ikiUH it entirely, uh he cannot
leave the post which he has been obliged to take, without allowiiij/
the Enniskiileniiers to posoeHS it and shntns up behind. All this,
Sire, tugethir with the enibarrasHuient of the artillery and carriages
which are here, with very little means of conv«!yinj( them in a
country where one is necessarily obliged to go by the one road,
which is very bad, should now induce your Majesty to adopt a uiea-
sure which is of the utmost conaetjuenco to the good of your servict.
It is only for this reason I humbly beseech you to consider this
maturely, and to send me instantly your orders about what we
should do, as I had already the honour to ask by my two last let-
ters, to which I have yet received no answer.
" I cannot c«jnii)rehend how the regiment of Walter Butler cuiild
bo sent away from Dublin without swords and without powder and
ball. I am still more surprised that Bengal's regiment has been
employed to escort the treasure, without giving them a single shot,
although, {18 the officers told me, they fre([uently asked, without
being able to obtain any ; yet, Sire, tiiey both of them marched
two days <{uito close to the garriHon of Enniskillen, in danger of
falling a prey to them. The garrison of Belturbet is in the same
situation, having had, as 8\itherland told me, but little powder,
and not a situjle ball. My heart bleeds. Sire, when I reflect on the
continuance of this negligence, since it appears to me, that no one
is in pain about the ruin of your affairs. I hope that the return
of the express will bring me your Majesty's ultimate orders ;
and 1 wish they may arrive in time enough for me to put them
properly in execution ; having no other object but to show you
my zoal and attachment for your service ; because 1 am, with a
very pr(^found reajject, submission, and loyalty, your Majesty's,
«fcc., &c.
" CONRAD De ROSEN."
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Six ))ombs were thrown on the next day into Londonderry ;
and they killed one man and wounded many others. On Sun-
day, the seventh, eighteen shells fell within the walls, and it
was observed that until this time no shells were thrown upon
the Sabbath, although the enemy, in other respects, according
to their French and Irish habits, regarded it very little. On
the eighth, they discharged fourteen bombs at the city, one of
which broke an Ensign's leg at the Butchers'-gate. A ball
weighing fourteen pounds, passing through the gate, killing a
man in the street. In the course of this night the Governors
ordered large pieces of timber to be reared against the outside
of the gate, to secure it against the battering pieces. The gar-
'}
147
nson W.1H now reduced to tivi; iliou.^.iiid five hundred ;iiid
twenty unm, hjiving lost within the six preceding duys no h-ss
than one hundred and eighty-nine men by death or departure
trum the city. On tlie Uth, the battering,' guns played hotly
against the Hutchers'-gate, and sliattered it very much. Some
of the halls HfW over the town and ft'll into the river. In the
course of the ni,L,djt more timlxa* wa.s set up outside this gate,
ami all the ofticrrs who wore there, assisted tlu) soldiers and
others in carrying sods to it from Ferrycpiay-gate. Thf allow-
ance this day was a pound of tallow, tlignified hy the name of
French hutter, to every soldier in the garrison. Tlu'y mixed
it with meal, ginger, peppc^r, and aniseed, and ma 'S that was killed the other day ; it
is very good meat witli pepper and salt, eaten cold. I have seven
of these livers boiled, and after tiiuy are pickled they eat very well.
The other is liorse's blood fried with French butter, otherwise tal-
low, and thickened with oaten meal. The third dish is what we
call in French ragout de chien, in English a ragout of the haunch of
my dog ; it does not eat so well boiled as roasted ; it is something
strung, Isut it eats best when baked. I have a horse'* head in the
,.|
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H
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lit
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mnm
oven, very well seasoned, but it will not be eatable until niglit.
Give me a glass of wine, and 1 11 drink the ladies' health." — [Am-
azon pulls half a hiscAtit out of her pocket.)
yimazon — "Pray, Sir, accept of this; it was giver to nie this
mornirig by our captive captain."
Aiitchelburn — *' By no means, nuidam ; I'll not rob you of so great
a dainty."
Elder a .servant with a letter from Lord Berkshire ^ u^hich the Gover-
nor reads.
" Sir — Mareschal De Rosen and Lieutenant-General Hamilton
hig? ly approve of your conduct. They made choice of me, a.s an
acq' aintance of youis, to send you this letter, to let you know tliat
they are very sensible of the ill circumstances you are in, and sn
unfortunate as to engage in a service which will prove yonr utter
ruin. You have now a fair opportunity to retrieve your former mis-
takes, and prove loyal ; and Mareschal De Eosen and General
Hamiltoii and myself will engage you shall have a suitable reward,
and good preferment, which is to put Londonderry into our hands,
it having retarded the great success of his Majesty's arms both in
England and Scotland. Let this be speedily complied with, your
proposals shall be readily granted, and sent back signed and sealed
by both Generals, ten thoukand pounds in bills, to be paid you
EITHER IN England or Ireland for this great service.
" BERKSHIRE."
Governor — ^' I'll send an answer to this immediately.''
Sits down and writes, and afterwards reads his answer.
" Sir — I perused your's, and am very much obliged to Marescha*
De Rosen and General Hamilton, for their good opinion of my con"
duct ; if tlieirs had been as good they would have been masters of
this town long since. It is our great happiness to meet with siidi
an easy enemy. I very well knoAV of what importance the place is
to the Protestants of Ireland, and to my master, Kjng Wifliain,
whom I now serve ; he is capa<)le of rewarding me, and those under
my command, without paying us in brass money. As for the ten
thousand pounds, 1 value them not a pin, and if your king would
give me the church full of gold and silver, I will never betray my
country's cause. I have engaged my honour for the performance,
and my word of honour I will keep. Farewell.
"JOHN MITCHEL±iURN."
Enter a Servant — *' Her*^, Sir, is a letter from General Kirk,
on shipboard. All tilings ^o well in England, and for God's
til niglit.
'~(Am-
> me this
)f so great
he Gover-
Hamilton
lit', as an
How tliat
in, and s((
our utter
niier mis-
l (Jeiierul
e reward,
ur liaiids,
s both in
itli, your
-lid sealed
PAID YOU
[IRE."
►larescha'
F my con'
lasters oi
rtith stidi
e place is
William.
»se under
' the ten
ig would
^tray my
)rmance,
)RN."
al Kirk,
ir God's
149
sake liusban the prison-
ers to be devoured by them next. Bt^tter would it be for
them to be eaten at once, than to lie languishing and starving
in a dungeon. We have gold enough, but what does it signify,
f
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150
it would not afford us one morsel of bread. — (He takes out hu
purse and puts a piece of gold in his month,. ) There is no relish
or comfort in it, more than in a stone ; a piece of leather has
more sustenance ; yet this is what the world admires, and by
which it is governed." —
[Takes 07d his purse and ihroics it against the v:all.)
This day, Bryan Macmahon and Hugh Macmahon were elect-
ed members of the pretended House of Commons, for the
county of Monaghan. Fermanagh sent no members to it, and
8ir (.'liarles Conynghani, then resident on his estate at Mouut-
Charles, kept the Papists of the county Donegal, in such order
that no members were sent from any part of it except 8t. Jolui-
stown, then garrisoned by James's army. Sir William Ellis
and Lieut.-Colonel James Nugent, two gentlemen entirely un-
connected with the county, were elected to represent that
borough. Sir Albert Conyngham raised a regiment of dragoons
at his own expense, which did good service in the course of the
war, but was not engaged in the defence of Londonderry or
Enniskillen.
On the morning of the tenth of July, ten shells were thrown
into Londonderry ; some of them fell into the old church and
opened many of the graves. In one of them, which is now in
the possession of William Marshall, Esq., Secretary to the
North-West Society, there was no gunpowder : it contained
several copies of the following address : —
"TO THE SOLDIERS AND INHABITANTS OF DERRY.
" The conditions offered by Lieutenant-General Hamilton
are sincere. The power he hath with the King is real ; be no
longer imposed upon by such as tell you the contrary ; you
cannot be ignorant of the King's clemency towards his subjects.
Such of you as choose -to serve his Majesty shall be treated
without distinction in point of religion. If any choose to
leave the kingdom they shall have passes. You shall be re-
stored to your estates and livings, and have free liberty of
religion, whatsoever it be. If you doubt the power given to
General Hamilton by the King, twenty of you may come and
see the patent, with freedom under the King's hand and seal.
151
Rp not obstinate against your natural Prince; expose your-
;plves no longer to the miseries you undergo, which will grow
worse and worse if you continue to be obstinate ; for it will be
;oo late to accept of the offer now made, whenj'our coiidition is
■.() low, that you cannot resist the King's forces longer. — July
10th, 1G89."
No reply was made to this proposal. This day Rosen wrote
to the deluded Prince, informing him that he had receivt^d
fighty waggons, five of which were loaded with sw(jrds with-
out belts, and observing that the soldiers would be obliged to
i.arry them const;intly in then- hands. The other waggons
were loaded with powder, ball, &c,, and twenty thousand
pounds in silver. This convoy was sent from Dublin to Lon-
donderry, escorted only by a quartermaster anil twelve trooj)-
ers, and it lay for three nights within siglit of P^nniskillen.
On the same day a regiment of Irish infantry, with some Scot-
tish officers, embarked at Carrickfergus in three frigates, com-
manded by Monsieur de Quesue, who in a few hours afterwards,
meeting with two privateers, captured them, after an hour's
hard fighting, with the los& of some of the Scotch officers, who
were killed. De Quesne, putting some of his equipage on
hoard one of them, sent it to Dublin, and proceeded on his
course for Scotland, where he safely landed the men he had on
board, and this reinforcement, small as it was, proved a great
encouragement to Lord Dunde ., in raising the Highlanders to
make one great effort in the cause of the unfortunate James.
The French officer who commanded the two prizes, sent by De
Quesne to Dublin, captured another on his passage, which had
been employed to carry letters from Marshal Schoraberg to
General Kirk, and other persons. By these letters, it appears
that King William intended to send an army of twelve thou-
sand men for the relief of Londonderry, upon which the fol-
lowing observation is made in the life of James XL: —
" EfFeotual order will be taken that this descent shall not
lind us unprovided ; for Derry is vigorously attacked, and Kirk,
seeing that he could get no succour into the place, has lauded
at a little Island three miles distant from it, where he is in-
trenched in expectation (J' ^uccoui from England. In the
( :
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152
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i li
mcantiiiK!, tlio rebels of Eniiiskillcn uiv, straitened on all siiji ..
and the Duke of Berwick, in a little encounter he had lutdv
with them, lias cut two companies of foot to pieces, ami Uikcu
several prisont^i-s."
The latter part of this passage contains a specimen of lIk-
many falsehoods and exaggerations, conveyed to the earofihis
deluded Princt;, by the hordes of flatterers surrounding him ;
this cutting of two com[)anies to pieces, as already mentioned,
was but th(! killing of tive-and-twenty men, and the wounding
of some others, with the loss of twenty-six prisoners, hy tlie
Enniskilleners, in what they termed the action of Corenegrudo,
on or about the seventh of July.
The besieging army demanding a parley witli the defenders
of Londonderry, on the eleventh of July, the latter thought it
advisable to grant it, and treat for a surrender of the city.
Most of the ships they expected to relieve them had disip-
peared, provisions were growing extremely scarce, and, tiicir-
fore, it was an object to gain time by the negotiation. Six
Commissioners were chosen on each side, and Saturday, the
thirteenth, was a})pointed as the day of meeting for arranging
the terms of the ti-eaty. Colonel Hugh Hamill and riiomas
Lance, Captains White and Dobbin, Matthew Cocken, Esq.,
and Mr. John Mackenzie, were appointed Commissioner;? on
the part of the city ; Colonels Sheldon, Gordon O'Xeill, and
Sir Neill O'Neill, and Sir Edward Vaudry, Lieutenant-Colonel
Skelton and Captain Francis Moitow, were nominated on the
Irish side. While this matter was occupying the attention of
the officers and chief men of the city, a ball came through one
of the pieces of timber which barricaded the outside of Biitch-
er's-gate, and killed a man in the street. In the evening, the
(Governor drew five or six men out of each company, and sent
them towards a trench near the gallows, which he lined with
them, as those who had sallied from the city were approaching
with colours flying ; upon which Governor Mitcheli)urn oiin-
mp.iuJed lus men to retire within th'- trenches, but not In t'oiv
somn d tiie ei;e?ny came over the ditches and fired a few shuts
at them. Phis detachment from the city did not behave wiih
the s',;i»'i' 'vbioh >.d;aracterized every other body of men that
ff i
stiiiud i'-^\u !L dLini.\g the biege. After a short pause, they
I I
SHIc
pniall pieces of cannon, and a few hand grenades. He also
::ave them commissions for a regiment of horse, consisting of
sixteen troops, to contain fifty i»rivate n't^n in raidi tioop, ])e-
■fides officers for a regiment of dragoons, consisting of twelve
tr()()})s, with the same number of men in each ; and for three
regiments of foot, and an indejx'iident troop of horse, to be
attached to each regiment ; each regiment of foot to con.«;ist of
eighteen companies, wlu^rcof two companies were to be grena-
diers, and sixty private men in each company. Kirk had no
private men to spare, Imt sent tlie Enniskilleners some very
p)itd officers, viz., William WoNx'y, Esq., tolie Commander-in-
''liief, and Oolonelof their horse. (Jai)tain William B<;rry, to be
12
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Lieutenant-Colonel of horse, and Colonel James Wynne
gentleman of Ireland, to conmiand the dragoons.
Gustavus Hamilton, Governor of P^nniskillen, was ai)pointt'
Colonel of the first of the three regiments of foot ; Licutenan
Colonel Lloyd and Major Tilfen, had the command d tl
other two. Captain Thomas Price, who had also a trooji o
horse, was appointed Major-General, and Captain Johnston
who had charge of a company of foot, was nomin.'itcfl Eii'i
neer. Kirk lay under heavy censure for his delay, respcctim
the relief of Londonderiy, but Mr. Hamilton, one of the mf,>
sengers on this important occasion, does him the justice to sav,
that as soon as he had been informed of the condition ot iL'
garrison of Enniskillen, of which he had been previously ij,aio-
rant, he granted all that was asked from him, and no man
could have shonn more zeal than he did for the service
King William, and the preservation of the Protestants.
On the thirteenth, the Commissioners on the English nw'i
Irish side assembled near the outworks of Londondf-rry, i(,r
the purpose of negotiating a surrender of the city. They ail
dined together in a tent which had been })itched for the ucca-
sion, and del ated till night. The besiegers, although thtv
consented to all that was material in the articles pro{)()stcl ly
the gairison, would grant no longer time for the surrender tlian
till two o'clock on tlie next day but one, Monday the tifteenth.
They required their hostages to be kept in the city, withuiit
being sent, as the besieged required, to the English fleet, and
they would allow no arms to be kept, on marching out, except
by the officers and gentlemen of the city^ The Derry conimi-
sioners returned to the garrison late in the evening, after having.
with great difficulty, obtained time till the next day, at twelvi
o'clock, to return an answer. Immediately after they got hat k,
Governor Walker received a letter, carried by a little boy from
the fleet. It was written by Lieutenant David Mitchell, whu
stated that Major-General Kirk had formed an encampment I'n
the Island of Inch. W.alker, to encourage the garrison to liuM
out, transcribed the letter, and specified that this encampm':'iit
consisted of four thousand horse and nine thousand tool.
Mackenzie accuses hira of acting with great inconsistency, by ail-
vising a surrender, after this manoeuvre to prevent one; but hii
appai'eut prejudice agaiiist that great man, and the silence t-i
1.55
he gallant Captain Ash on the subject, render this accusation
rjijatury. Walker is not the only man who voted for a mea-
[i'jre which he had resolved to frustrate.
Mitchelburn desired the usual signal should be made, and
Lxurdiiigly, on the next morning, before the Council met, at
ciiflit o'clock, to decide upon the answer to be sent to the Irish
irniy, seven guns were discharged from the steeple of the
Cathedral. Three more were hred at t- elve o'clock, and at
lai^ilit-fall a lantern, with a strong light in it, was set upon the
rule which Ijore the flag. After some debate, the Council re-
lumed their answer to the l>esiegors, that unless they ,should
jet time till Wednesday, the twenty-sixth of July, and that
;hc hostages were in the meantime secured on board the
English fleet, THEY WOULD NOT SUKRENDKK ; as to the man-
ner of their marching out, they lett that to be debated by their
I'ummissioners. The enemy refused at once to grant these
terras, and so the treaty ended — the garrison having gained
that time by it upon which they had calculated. So incen.sed
nere the Irish at this disappointment of their hopt-s, that th' y
scarcely allowed the Commissioners to get within the Derr*
lines, when they vented their anger, by a heavy cannonade
from their bombs and mortars ; but their fury, as usual, was
greater than their precision, and on this day, though exceed-
ingly loud, did vt-ry little mischief.
Next morning General Hamilton wrote to the Earl of Mel-
tart, informing him that two packets from the Prince of
Oraiii^'e to General Kirk had been taken ii. a Whitehaven ves-
i^el, from which it appeared that a great force had been em-
barked at Liverpool and Chester, for the relief of Londonderry.
Eight shells fell in the city to-day, and in the evening about
one thousand of the besiegers marched to the hill above the
strand, which caused the Governors to suppose they would at-
tempt to force the guard at the Windmill. They therefore
c«mni;uuled a strong party to be nuirched against them, which
they iuunediatcly reinforced by others, upon which the enemy
halted and fired twelve of their bombs against the city, i>at
without doing any execution whatever. One would sup{)ose
that the artillei-ymen in the Irish camp were secretly of the
same creed with the Dublin gunsmiths, and as unwilling to
practice their destructive art against "■ the Northern Heretics."
I
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It is (3crtain that there was at tliis time great (lisaffcctio!! iinfj
treaclicry to James in liis army Ijofore Dciry ; a, new sun w;;^
rising to meridian glory in tlic political hemisplnTc, ami tli
chilling shades of a long night were gathering fast around lli
old one.
The cannon from Tamnimore, (jn the opposite side of the
rivei', hovvev<'r, kill('(l one of Cai)tain (Jordon's men, 1)('tW(vuj
the Windmill and th«' city ; after which the enemy retvcato.lf
to their camp, from which the cannonade recommenced, aft*r|
a short pavise.
On the sixteenth, four bombs were disc'iarged again.st tht-
town, and there is no record of any damage having Ix-cn (Inn,.
by them. A considerable (jiiantity of timber, which liiul Im.h
outside the I>utchers' and Ferry<|uay-<:ate, was brought in thi-
day, and distributed among the soldiers, who were in j^nutj
want of fu(d ; and a small fort was made of casks, tilled withj
clay and sods, near the outer side of the royal hastion, to piv-
vent the enemy from working near the wall. At the hour of
f'^'r, o'clock in the morning of this day, a small ]>arty of lit-
siegers attacked the works opposite Butchers'-gate, and noiic of
the garrison happening to be there, soon poss(!.ssed tlieniselvcj
of them. They were, however, (jnickly repuhsed fnjin tlu'
walls, the be:-,ipged pelted them with stones taken from suiiiu
ruined buildi.i,';s near them. A few of the assailants were
killed, and one of them was taken prisoner in this action, hi
the meantime, two regiments marched out of the Irish camp
towards the works on the Windmill hill, but seeing the Deny
men advance cheerfully to meet them, they halted when tluy
had got half-way down, and marched back to the other sitlc uf
the park. The soldiers, wdio liad been encouraged to this move-
ment by the gallant Mitchelburn, raised a huzza from one nul
of the line to the other, waving their hats in vain, to invite
the foe to come down to them. At the same time, C'(»l(»ntl
Murray, with about twelve chosen men, went down to Hank
the enemy's trench before liutchers'-gate, and continued tiriiii:
at them until tlieir amuuinition was spent, and he was shot
through botli thiglis, up near the body. The wound i)roveii
very dangerous to the life of this distinguished officer, who ilii
not recover of it till the approach of the ensuing winter. Oik-
of his men, James MuiTay, was killed un this occasion ; and u
157
IjTdays aftorwarrls he was (1ist,urbo(l in liis bed-cliauiUer l>y a
U\ acci(l(Mit which occurrnd tlierc ; Lieutenant Davi)endis. Ad Imc quacunquc per cautes
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linisrif infernnfin nrhorihu.^, devsn svhoU^nnit arhv^f/i, fif pn rAium\
infuetitibus vohipatem .vrnul et hnrmrnn lorus inrutinf ; kilUrranhr\
nomcn est, gramio fanduvensis, Viri fnrfis<^imi veri> mcmordhi'
Ilore Dun (!<■(' rested his men for two hours, after 'vhich, .-til-
opting the disposition hy whicli Montrose's army ciir/icd the
batth' of AMern, forty-throe years before this time, he dctachod
his clans to the right and U^ft, on a mountain which cotn-
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tallow, and three pounds of salted hides. According to
credible tradition, a trick was played about this time to doc iv(
the enemy, by the belief that so considerable a quantity of cor
cealed meal had been discovered in some cellars of the cit\^
that no hope could be entertained of their surrendering {i\
want 0^ provisions. One barrel of meal was distributed iip(,i]
the bottoms of some large empty vessels, turned upside down,]
and shown in pretended confidence to some messengers who
had been sent in from the camp of the besiegers.
General Hamilton wrote this day to Lord Melfort, inforinin;'!
him that the whole of the English fleet which had sailed fruml
Lough-Swilly towards England or Scotland, had returned frdnil
sea, and was anchored before Ennishowen Point. He alsiJ
stated that about four hundred of the Protestants, being at
Ramullen, the Duke of Berwick, then within ten miles of that'
place, intended to march thither in the middle of the night. |
and attack them before sun-rise. At the same time Jamti
w'rote from Dublin to Mareschal De Rosen, informing him
that he had received private intelligence that vessels for trans-
porting cavalry had been made ready at AVhitehaven, Chester,
and Liverpool, that ladders and other implements for a siege
had been put on board ships in the Thames, and that Count De
Solmes was to command the expedition. He therefore ob-
served, that it was necessary to execute his design upon Ennis-
killen without delay, and desired that the siege of Derry siiould
be pressed closely, ordering him to mention a day on which he
might expect it would be taken.
Twelve shells were thrown into Derry on the eighteenth of
July, and the enemy's battering mortars broke the breast-work
of the bastion below Butchers'-gate, which was repaired that
night with barrels and sods. In the course of the day a letter
arrived in the city, purporting to be from General Kirk, promi?
ing to be there very soon with relief. Some doubts which
arose about its authenticity, were done away by Governor
Mitchel burn's knowledge of the General's hand-writing, he
having been promoted by him at Tangier. An answer to this
letter was returned next day, sewed up in one of the mes-
senger's buttons. A bill passed this day in James's pretended
Parliament, vesting the goods of all absentees comprehended
under the Act of Attainder, in the Crown. This unjust act waii
obsJ
ploj
antj
the|
thej
seei
ert]
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101
obsen'^ed to lessen rather than increase the zeal of those em-
ployed to plunder the houses and lands of the absent Protest-
ants, because it indemnified them for only half the amount of
their seizures, as scarcely even that proportion of persons whom
they had robbed were included in the bill of attainder, which
seemed to have chiefly aimed at the possessors of landed prop-
erty. On the next day this Parliament was prorogued and
never again assembled.
Two and twenty sh(dls were thrown into Londonderry on
the nineteenth of this month, and the battering mortars again
broke down the breast- work of Butchers'-gate. In the mean-
time, a shot from the garrison killed Monsieur Masse, Engineer-
general of the Irish army, shot off" the left hand of Captain
Bourke, and wounded a gunner and two soldiers who stood
near Colonel Wauchope. A second discharge killed two pri-
vate soldiers, and the wind of it passing across Major CJeo-
ghegan's face," nearly blinded him. General Hamilton now
wrote to Tyrconnel, informing him the rebels in Derry were
still three thousand strong, all good marksmen, and that the
entire battalions in the besieging army did not exceed the
iiumber of five thousand men. He added, that if the Duke
ot r^rwick should succeed against the Enniskillenners, and
join hiiii with the army under his command, he had little
doubt of beiiig able to deal with any succours that might ar-
rive from England to the besieged city. On the next day he
corrected an error in the account he had given of the number
of men in Derry, and stated it to have amounted to five thou-
sand ; observing that as the garrison there had been diminished
by sickness and mortality, the besiegers had grown weaker
from similar causes. He acknowledged he had exaggerat(!(l in
his former letter the number of his own armv, whicli fell much
short of his statement, and that the English fleet lay between
the Island of Inch and Ramullen, with the design of collecting
as many men as possible, in addition to the troops on board,
and then sendiiig an army to join the Enniskillen men. He
stated that Mareschal De Rosen was keeping his y)ed in a fit
of ill-humour, resolved to meddle with nothing respecting the
conduct of the siege, and announced that the besiegers would
be shortly in severe want of provisions, as the country about
Deny had been drained of all means of supporting an army.
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162
A cony of thff depositions of the general officers of the be-
sieging army round Londonderry, on the 20th of July, 1689,
has been preserved among Nairne's papers ; Chevalier Charles
de Carney, rating the garrison at two thousand men and officers,
did not think that the besieging army, reduced as it had been
by sickness, was in a condition to force the city to surrender.
Brigadier-deneral Dominick Sheldon was of the same opinion
with Carney, but relied on the necessities of the city effecting
what the Irish force was not competent to accomplish. Gen-
eral Buchan stated that the town could not be speedily taken
on account of a want of cannon, and announced a great dimin-
ution of the besieging army from sickness and desertion. Mon-
sieur Giradin judiciously recommended that a body of troops
should be stationed on the Finn water to prevent a junction
of Kirk's troops with tiie Enniskillenners ; this officer appre-
hended fatal results from scarcity of provisions. The Duke of
Berwick declared his opinion that it was impossible to take Lon-
donderry by storm, and that no hope of its surrender could
be entertained except from their want of provisions. General
Hamilton stated that the most essential thing to be done was
to prevent the junction of the Enniskillen men with the troops
which had landed at RamuUen in the County of Donegal, from
the English ships, and which were recieving a daily augmenta-
tion from the neighbouring country. He added, that the fleet
having left Lough-Foyle was then anchored between the Island
of Inch and the town of RamuUen, and that the army under the
command of the Duke of Berwick could not be more advan-
tageously posted than at Castlefin, where information respect-
ing the movements of the enemy was most likely to be had,
and where the most proper measures to oppose them might be
adopted. He cautioned Lord Melfort against suffering the
apprehended failure of provisions to ruin the army, and men-
tioned the danger of abandoning the town of Helturbet, in
case the Irish force there under the command of Lieutenant-
Colonel Antliony Hamilton should advance towards Trillick.
At this time provisions being extremely scarce, Mr. James
Cunningham, a merchant of Londonderry, discovered a method
for supplying the garrison for six or seven of the severest days
of want, not only with foo'i but most salutary medicine. He
showed them where there was a considerable quantity of
thod
davs
He
ty of
163
starch, which they mixed with tallow, and fried as pancakes.
This food proved a providential remedy for the dysentery which
prevailed in the city to an alarming degree, from excessive fa-
tigue, mental anxiety, and unwholesome food. This day, the
lie v. Andrew Hamilton and his fellow messenger from Ennis-
killen, left the English fleet with the seasonable supply of arms,
ammunition, officers, and commissions which they had obtained
from the General on board, who having thus sent effectual aid
to the Enniskillenners, proceeded himself in the Swallow frigate,
accompanied by the Mountjoy and other store-ships, with the in-
tention of throwing a relief into Londonderry. Oatmeal,
which before the siege was to be had for four pence, was now
sold at six shillings a peck ; butter for five pence an ounce, and
all otlier food that could be procured was proportionably dear.
Captain Ash mentions a poor man whom hunger had, at this
melancholy time, compelled to kill his dog and dress the flesh
to satisfy the cravings of the stomach. Just as he was about
to feast upon this rarity, an inexorable creditor, equally hungry,
came in to demand a debt, which he was unable to repay in
any other way than by resigning the carcase of the dead dog
to the unbidden guest, which he did with a languishing and rue-
ful countenance. This was a transaction in which pomp might
find physic, and an epicure be taught the value of plain food.
A proclamation was issued in Dublin this day, by James him-
self, expressly forbidding Protestants to wear or keep any
swords, under the penalty of being counted rebels, and used as
such.
On the twenty-first, a considerable portion of the besieging
army was seen from Derry marching towards the Island o\
Inch, and almost all their tents at Enoch, on the eastern siae
of the Foyle, were taken away. Captain Ash calculated that
from the twenty-fourth of April to this day, no h!ss than five
hundred and eighty shells were thrown into the city.
In this month, three additional companies of Popish soldiers
were raised for the defence of the town of Galway, and the fol-
lowing officers were appointed to command them, viz.": —
Stephen Lynch Fitz Nicholas, Martin French Fitzpeter, Alex-
ander French and Dominick Kirwan, Captains ; Christopher
Lynch Fitzpeter, James Lynch Fitz Dominick, William Lynch
Fitz Andrew, and Francis Lynch Fitz William, Lieutenants ;
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170
l»jil»ly (HU! of those false niniourb which were sprewl al»n>a«l willi
great iinhiHtry at this time.
Tliis morninj]^, Captain Charleton lost all th« credit of his
long suffering during the siege, by quitting the city and (h'sm-
ing to the enemy on the very last day that he could liave tlic
slightest temptation to do so.
VVhihi affairs were in this critical state at Lcmdonderry, the
EnniskillenncTs got notice of the arrival of the Irish Ctencral
M'Carty, in Helturbet, with a considerable army, designed to
besiege their town. On the twenty-eighth, the officers sent by
General Kirk arrived to them by water from Belleck, wliere
tlu^y had taken a boat on their way from Bally shannon. Th«'y
were rectnved on the side of the town which they approached,
by a guard of honour, the whole garrison firing three volleys
to welcome them. All the inhabitants and sojourners in the
town came in great crowds to the place where these oflicers
landed, so that they could scarcely make their way to the cas-
tle ; and nothing was heard but loud exclamations, welcoming
them, and praising God that their English friends had not for-
gotten them. During this night an account came that M'Carty
and his army had advanced from Belturbet to Crom, where
they wer(^ raising a battery to play upon the castle. The (k)-
vernor was at the time ill of a fever, and Colonel Wolsoley,
the new Commander-in-chief, received the express. On the
next day, being the twenty-ninth, another express arrivp«l
from Crom, informing the Enniskillenners that M'Carty had
begun to batter the castle at that place, and had made his
approaches very near to it. The besieged killed a great num-
ber of the Irish army with their muskets, but being unfurnished
with cannon, and fearing the result of a regular siege, they
sent this express imploring relief. On the same day Colonel
Wolseley sent them a favourable answer, and for the purpose of
their relief, recalled the troops from Ballyshannon, except a
competent number to defend that town, in case Sarsfield, who
had advanced with his -array to Bundroose, within four miles
of it, should attempt to take it.
Intelligence had been brought to Enniskillen on the twenty-
ninth, that Lieutenant-General M'Carty intended to detach a
portion of his array next day towards Lisnaskea, and to place
a garrison in the castle there. In consequence of this, Lieu
171
tenant-Colonel li«^iT} a ah H»*nt next morning with srven or
♦•ight troops of horse, three companies of foot, and two troops
of dragoons, to anticipate them, by taking possession of the
raslle of Lisnaskea, They had orders to place a garrison in it
if it appeared tenable, if not, to burn it to the ground.
In the meantime, the suflFerings of the defenders of London-
derry ai)proached towards their termination, by the relief of
that city on the twenty-eighth day of July. Immediately
after Divine service, the ships in the Lough were ^♦ien to ap-
proach the distressed city, now in the last extremity to which
famine and disease could reduce them. The impression made by
their .appearance on the besieging army is thus described in the
historical Drama so often quoted in this work.
After a change of scene to the Irish camp, the Generals
enter, and Hamilton thus addresses them : —
" Viewing our out guards near Ennishowen, and casting my
eyes towards the harbour, I saw four ships under sail, and
waiting for about an hour, distinguished their English colours,
and saw them come to anchor at Quigley's Point. They are,
no doubt, provision ships for the relief of the rebels."
General SJieldon — " They cannot well pass the fort of Culmore
and our batteries ; and the worst of all will be the boom that
lies across the river, and the batteries at both ends of the
boom."
Hamilton — " It is impossible they can escape us. Nothing
that is made of wood can pass there. Down they sink to the
bottom."
Rosen — '* Give orders that if these ships offer to weigh
anchor, or hoist sail, the army be immediately alarmed, and
drawn into their breast-works on each side of the river."
Wauchope — " We shall sink them if there were an hundred
of them. The batteries on both sides of the river will dash
them to the bottom in a moment."
Enter an officer.
Officer — " The ships have weighed anchor, and make all the
sail they can. The wind and tide favour them."
Rosen — " Play the bombs, discharge the cannon, let every en-
gine be at work. Now rebels prepare for the halter," f
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lull,.
The defenders of ihe city, in the meantime, discharged «ight
pieces of cannon from the steeple of the cathedral, and slowly
waved their crimson flag to signify the extremity of their dis-
tress. With a fair wind and a favourable tide to facilitate the
approach of the relief before their eyes, NOW OR never wa.s
the simultaneous cry of the feeble and emaciated multitude
on the walls. The ships approaching were the ^Lmntjoj/, of
Londonderry, Captain Micah Browning, commander, and the
Phoenix, of Coleraine, Captain Andrew Douglass, master. They
were both laden with provisions, and were convoyed by the
Dartmouth frigate, commanded by Captain Leake. The enemy
fired incessantly upon the ships from the fort of Culmore, and
from both sides of the river as they sailed up, and the returns
were made with the greatest bravery and effect. They passed
the fort without sustaining any material injury, and the ex-
pectations of the besieged rose into transports of joy, which
was almost instantaneously succeeded by despair, when tlie
Mountjoy, repelled by the boom, was run aground, and th''
enemy, who had crowded in multitudes to the water side,
raised a loud huzza, as they launched their boats to board her.
The terror which pervaded the city at this moment is not to be
described. The multitudes on the wall stood petrified in thi^
silent agony of grief, too great for utterance ; a faint and shrill
cry, from a few women and children, alone broke the dreadful
silence, as it added to the horrors of the scene. The pallid in-
dication of fear suddenly disappearing, was succeeded by a
d irkness of colour like that which marks the countenance of
men seen by the light of sulphureous flames. " All faces
gathered blackness," and the despondency was at its greatest
height, when the Mountjoy, firing a broad-side at the enemy
rebounded from the shore, and the reaction of the vessel, aided
by the sudden swell of the rising tide, floated her again into
the deep water in the channel. Captain Douglass, of the
Phoenix, was at this time warmly engaged as he passed up, on
the breaking of the boom by the jgallant Browning, who, whi't^
his vessel lay aground, was killed by a musket ball from the
enemy, which struck him upon the head as he stood upon the
deck with his sword drawn, encouraging his men to the contest.
King William afterwards settled a pension upon the widow df
this gallant man, and in presence of the Court, placed a gold
173
».
chain about her neck. A portrait of this lady in full dress, oma-
Imented by the royal present, is in the possession of her
I des'-pndant, George Hamilton, Esq., of HoUymount, near
LonQonderry. Four of Browning's gallant crew shared his
fate just as the vessel got afloat j and then the Dartmouth,
opening a heavy and well directed fire upon the enemy's bat-
teries, diverted them so from both vessels, that amidst a des-
ponding yell from the crowds on each side of the river, they
sailed up slowly indeed, by reason of a failure in the wind after
they had passed Culmore, but steadily and majestically, to the
jtter confusion of their baffled enemies. It was ten o'clock in
the night, when they anchored at the Ship-quay, upon which a
general shout of acclamation was raised by the soldiers on the
Tails, and reiterated several times, while, two guns were fired
from the steeple, to give notice to the fleet of the safe arrival
of tlie relief. Sir John Dalrymple, with his usual elegance of
style, but want of accuracy, says that this supply of provisions
was recieved in Londonderry with silent gratitude, as if it had
been a gift from heaven ; not with the noisy rejoicings v.sual
upon such occasions. Captain Ash, however, who was an eye
witness, tells us the reverse ; and the record of the Armagh
poem is, that in the overflow of joy, the bells of the cathedral
chimed their melodious notes, while bonfires were kindled
thro' the city, and cannon thundered from the walls. With
respect to the long and devout procession to the church, with
which Dalrymple rounds his period, no mention of it is made
either by Walker or Mackenzie, neither of whom would be
unlikely to notice a circumstance so creditable to the religious
feelings of their interesting congregations ; and the fact is, that,
at the hour of the night, while the town's-men were eagerly
unloading the vessels, after forming a barricade by casks filled
^'ith earth against the heavy fire of the enemy, it would have
been almost impossible to have accomplished so desirable an
object as the collection of the garri.son to a general thanks
giving,
The Pimnix contained from six to eight hundred bolls of
meal, with which she had been laden in Scotland ; and the
^fminfjoy, carrying one hundred and thirty-five tons burthen,
brought from England her cargo of beef, pease, flour, biscuit,
i'c, all of the best kind. " This relief," says Walker, " ar-
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174
rived here to the inexpressible joy and transport of our dis
tressed garrison, for we only reckoned upon two days' life. We
had only nine lean horses left, and one pint of meal to each
man. Hunger and the fatigue of war had so prevailed among
us, that of seven thousand five hundred men regimented at the
commencement of the siege, we had now alive but about four
thousand three hundred, of whom at least one- fourth part were
rendered unserviceable."
The besieging army continued a heavy fire on the city from
their trenches during a considerable part of this night and next
day, when they were seen burning several houses in the neigh-
bourhood. One of these, according to tradition, was Prehen-
house ; and another, as stated in the Armagh manuscript, was
the mansion of Sir Matthew Bridge, at Brookhall. The Castle
of Raphoe was burned down at this time, and was not rebuilt
for some years afterwards ; Bishop Cairncross expended about
a thousand pounds in re-edifying it.
In the course of this night the Irish army ran away from the
position which they had occupied before Londonderry for one
hundred and five days, having lost eight or nine thousand men,
and one hundred of their best officers, in their abortive at-
tempt to reduce the city. Most of these fell by the sword, the
rest died of fevers and dysentery, and a venereal disease of the
most inveterate kind, and which appeared in a very remarkable
manner on the bodies of several of their dead officers and
soldiers.
Early in the morning of the first of August, the garrison
sent out detachments to see what was become of the enemy.
They saw them on their march, and following them, took some
of their grenadiers prisoners in the act of burning the Protest-
ant houses six or seven miles from the city, near St. John-
stown, on one side of the river, and the old Abbey of Grange
on the other. Some, however, were tempted to pursue the re-
treating enemy too far, so that a rear guard of cavalry turned
upon them and killed seven of them. Those who fled on the
Tyrone side burned the church of Leckpatrick ; but a protec-
tion unexpectedly off'ered by an Irish officer to the Reverend
John Sinclair, rector of that parish, saved his house at Holy-
hill, just as the retreating rapparees were putting fire to the
roof of it. The messenger swam across the river with the
175
protection, for which service he obtained a considerable reward.
The adjoining vilhige of Ballymagorry was consumed to ashes.
On the Donegal side, scarcely a Protestant house from Derry
to Litford escaped being burned, except that of Keys, of Cav-
anacor, to whom James had granted a protection on his return
to Dublin. The want of cavalry in Derry, and the exhausted
state of almost all the garrison, alone saved the Irish army
from a prompt and destructive pursuit. On their arrival at
Lifford and Strabane, they heard such accounts of the success
of the Enniskillenners in Fermanagh, that they gave up their
intention of forming encampments at these towns ; broke four
of their great guns in pieces, threw twelve cart loads of arms
into the river ; and, in their haste to get towards Charlemont,
out of the reach of a triumphant enemy, marched off precipi-
tately leaving many of their sick and wounded men behind them.
On the termination of the siege, the Governors, Officers,
Clergy, and other gentlemen in the city and garrison of Lon-
donderry, sent the following address to King William and
Queen Mary, by the renowned "Walker, who was received at
Court with all the honour due to his eminent service : —
" We, the most dutiful and loyal subscribers of this Address,
out of a deep sense of our late miserable state and condition,
do hereby return our due acknowledgment to Almighty God,
and to your sacred Majesty, and under you, to the indefatiga-
ble care of Major -General Kirk, for our unexpected relief by
sea, in spite of all opposition of our industrious, but bloody
and incapable enemies ; which relief was not less wonderfully,
than seasonably conveyed to us, and that, in the very nick of
time, when we, who survived many thousands who died here
of famine during the siege, were just ready to be cut oflf, and
perish by the hand of barbarous, cruel, and inhuman wretches,
who no sooner saw us delivered, and that they could not com-
pass their wicked designs against this your Majesty's city, and
our lives, for which they thirsted, than they immediately set
the country around us on fire, after having plundered, robbed,
and stripped all Protestants therein, as well those persons they
themselves granted protection to, as others. We do therefore
most sincerely rejoice with all our soub, and bless God for all
his singular and repeated mercies and deliverances ; and do for
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176
ever adore the Di^^ne Providence for your Majesties' rightful
and peaceable accession to the imperial crown of these King-
doms, the proclaiming of which was justly celebrated in these
parts with universal joy ; and we do with all humble submis-
sion, present to your sacred Majesties our unfeigned loyalty,
the most valuable tribute we can give, or your Majesties receive
from us. And since the same Providence has, through much
difficulty, made us so happy as to be your subjects, we come in
the like humility to lay ourselves at your Royal feet, and do
moL^t heartily and resolvedly offer and engage our lives and for-
tunes in your service. And further, we do most unanimously
join in a firm and unchangeable vow and resolution, of improv-
ing all occasions of becoming serviceable to your Majesties in
what station soever it shall please GoD and your Majesty to
place us, and will expose ourselves to all hazards and extremi-
ties to serve your Majesty against the c immon enemy. From
all which promises, vows and services, we, and every one of us
promise, without any exception or reserve, not to recede until
our lives' end.
" In testimony of all which, we have hereunto subscribed
our names at Londonderry, this twenty-ninth day of July,
Anno Domini, 1689."
'»,':i
George Walker.
John Mitchelburn.
Richard Croftcn.
Thomas Lance.
Hugh Hamill.
Charles Kinnaston.
William Campbell.
Gervais Squire.
William Grove.
John M'Clelland.
James Graham.
William Thompson.
James Young.
Richard Cormack.
Oliver Upton.
Alexander Knox.
Patrick Mooro.
John Humes.
Robert Denniston.
Marm. Stewart.
James Fleming.
Andrew Grigson.
Christ. Jenny.
Thomas Smith.
Barth. Black.
John Campbell.
Robert Morgan.
Michael Clenaghan.
Richard Fane.
Stephen Godfrey.
Warren Godfrey.
John Cunningham.
Henry Lane.
George Walker.
>, I,
177
Hamilton.
Andrew Bailly.
Edward Davys.
John Hamilton.
Thomas Ash.
Robert Boyd.
Ralph Fullerton.
Michael Cunningham.
Joseph Johnston.
Robert Baily.
Daniel M'Custion.
John Bailly.
Robert Lindsay.
Francis Bovd.
William Hamilton.
Robert Rogers.
James Galtworth.
Richard Islen.
Arthur Hamilton.
Michael Rullack.
James Stiles.
James Cunningham.
Archibald M'Cullock.
Francis Obre.
Alexander Sanderson.
Archibald Sanderson.
Arthur Noble.
Philip Dunbar.
George White.
Thomas White.
James Gladstanes.
John Maghlin.
Adam Murray.
Henry Murray.
Henry Campsie.
John Dobbin.
Alexander Stewart.
Thomas Gutheredge.
Thomas Johnston.
Thomas Newcomen.
John Halshton.
Joseph Gordon.
James Hairs.
Andrew Hamilton.
James Carr.
William Montgomery.
James Moore.
Nicholas White.
John Fuller.
Thomas Keys.
Frederick Keys.
Thomas Baker.
John Herirg.
James Huston.
Adam Downing.
Abraham Hillhouse.
John Mulholland.
Robert Bennett.
William Dobbin.
George Garnett.
James Barrington.
Henry Pearse.
Adam Alcock.
Robert Wallace.
George Church.
Richard Fleming.
Henry Cust.
John Crofton.
Benjamin Wilkins.
Thomas Lane.
James Blair.
Dudley Philips.
John Buchanan.
Edward Curling.
William Church,
Dal way Clements.
Albert Hall.
Mathew Cocken.
Thomas Burnett.
William Stewart.
h
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178
Francis Wilson.
Matthew M'Clelland.
George Crofton.
"William Babington.
Robert King.
John Logan.
Alexander Kankin.
Edmond Rice.
Robert Walker.
James M'Cormick.
John Cochran.
James M'Cartney.
Alexander Ratcliflfe.
Thomas Adair.
John Hamilton.
Henry Eberett.
Daniel Fisher.
John Cross.
William Cross.
James Tracy.
Bernard Mulholland.
David Mulholland.
Thomas Conlay.
Robert Skinner.
Richard Robinson.
Robert Mapjhlin.
Matthew Clark.
John Clements.
William Manson.
Theophilus Manson.
James Manson.
The Enniskillenners, under the command of Lieutenant-Col-
onel Berry, marched on the last day of July from Lisnaskea,
towards the enemy, who lay about six miles from them. They
had not proceeded more than two miles, when the scouts dis-
covered at Donough, a considerable body of horse and foot
coming towards them, upon which they fell back to the main
body, and all retreated towards the post they had moved from
that morning, the enemy still advancing towards them. As
they were double the number of the troops undev Berry's com-
mand, he very judiciously continued his retreat till he got to
more advantageous ground, having taken care to send off an
express to Colonel Wolseley at Enniskillen, acquainting him of
the situation of his army, and desiring prompt assistance.
Of two roads leading to Enniskillen from Lisnaskea, Berry
took that which had a short time before been made through
bogs and low grounds, nearer to Lough-Erne than the old way,
as being more secure and having several passes on it much
easier to defend than the other. On this road he retreated in
good order, the enemy still following him at some distance,
till he came to a narrow causeway across a bog, about a mile
from Lisnaskea. Two horsemen could scarcely pass abreast at
this part of the road, which was about a musket-shot in length,
and here Berry resolved to halt and repel the enemy till the
179
arrival of the expected aid from Enniskillen. Ho placed his
infantry and dragoons in a thicket of underwood at the end of
the causeway, drawing a body of horse a little further off as a
reserve, with which he proposed to support the other, and he
gave the word " Oxford."
In a very short time Colonel Anthony Hamilton, second in
command under M'Carty, came in view with a considerable
body of men. Alighting from his horse, he ordered the dra-
goons with him to do the same, and very bravely advanced
near the end of the causeway, his men firing briskly at the
Enniskillenners. It pleased God, however, on this, as well as
on many other occasions during this campaign, that after many
volleys of shot from the Irish, not one of them took effect upon
the Protestants, who, being better marksmen, killed twelve or
■ fourteen of them on the causeway, and wounded Colonel Ham-
ilton in the leg. On receiving the wound, he retreated a little,
and mounting his horse, ordered another officer to lead on the
men. Their second commander, with some of *'\<} private sol-
diers, fell dead in a few minutes from the shots of the ambus-
cade in the thicket, upon which the rest began to retreat, while
their opponents, raising a shout and crying out that the rogues
were running, took the bog on each side of the narrow road
over which the horses passed back with rapidity, and quickly
turned the retreat into a disorderly flight. The Enniskillen
horse soon overtook the foot soldiers and dismounted dragoons,
among whom they made a great slaughter, chasing them
through Lisnaskea and nearly a mile beyond it. The loss on
the Irish side would have been much greater had not Colonel
Berry found it prudent to retreat in consequence of information
that General M'Carty, with the main body of the Irish army,
was advancing towards him. He therefore sounded a retreat,
and brought back his men to the thicket at the end of the
causeway where the engagement began, having killed about
two hundred of the enemy, and made thirty prisoners, which
he sent to Enniskillen, with several horse loads of arms, which
he had also taken ; all this was done before nine o'clock in the
morning. At eleven, an express arrived to Berry that Colonel
Wolseley, who had taken the old road, had come up to his re-
lief, and ordered him to advance and form a junction with him
at the moat above Lisnaskea. This was done immediately, and
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180
after some necessary consultation, the whole united body, con-
sisting of sixteen troops of horse, three troops of dragoons, and
twenty-one companies of foot, with some irregular troops, in
all about two thousand men, advanced against the enemy, hav-
ing given the word "No Popery." This gallant band hadlittleor
no provisions with them, but the victory obtained by Berry
with a small body of them in the morning encouraged them so
much, that they unanimously resolved to fight their way to the
enemy's provision carts, rather than return to Enniskillen for
their dinner.
Colonel Wolseley sent on the forlorn hope about half a mile
before his army. Colonel Tiffan led the first battlion of foot,
consisting of about five or six companies, supported by a few
troop of horse. Colonel Lloyd commanded the second batta-
lion of infantry, consisting of nearly the same number, seconded
in a similar manner by cavab*y. The main body of foot was
led on by Colonel Wolseley himself, foUowed by the rest of the
horse, under the command of Lieut( nant-Colonel Berry and
Major Stone.
In this order they marched from Lisnaskea to Donough,
through which they passed, and within half a mile of it got in
view of the enemy's forlorn. About the same distance from
Newtonbutler they discovered the Irish army posted very ad-
vantageously on a steep hill, commanding a long and narrow
causeway through a bog, by which way only it could be ap-
proached from that side. "The Enniskillen army, however, ad-
vanced against them with steadiness and vigour. Colonel Tif-
fan, with his battalion of foot, entered the bog on the right
hand of the causeway, while Colonel Lloyd, with the body un-
der his command, pushed on in the same direction on the other
side. Colonel Wynn's dragoons, divided into two equal parts,
supported Tiffan and Lloyd on foot. Lieutenant-Colonel Berry
advanced at the save time on the causeway with his horse, Col-
onel Wolseley bringing up the main body in the rear, to send
reinforcements to those who went before, as occasion should re-
quire. In the meantime, the enemy very judiciously exhibited
a proof that they thought their position untenable, by setting
the town of Newtonbutler and the houses in its neighbourhood
on fire. After a weak opposition the Enniskillenners gained
the pass, and pursued them through Newtonbutler and near
near
181
a mile beyond it. The retreating army fell back in good or-
der, and again took a position similar to the last one they had
occupied, securing the narrow causeway leading to it by a piece
of cannon. The pursuing army making the same disposition
as before, found the passage of their horse impeded by the fire
of the cannon, till the foot, advancing by degrees through the
bog on each side, killed the cannoneers, and rushed on towards
the enemy on the hill, upon whicli the Irish horse took fright
and fied towards Wattle-bridge, deserting their foot. The fore-
most in this disgraceful flight was Lord ^lare's regiment of
horse, called the Yellow Dragoons, from the colour of their fac-
ings. The tale of their dishonour is yet told in the barony of
Moyarta, near the mouth of the Shannon, where they had
been raised. It is told in the way of a dialogue, in which a
person supposed to have witnessed the scene says, ** Stop, stop,
Yellow Dragoons ! " to which one of them replies, " Not till I
get to the bridge of Clare ! " another, " No, no, till we come to
the ford of Moyarta ! " Captain Martin Armstrong, with a
troop of cavalry, did great execution on these fugitives. The
Irish infantry, now abandoned by their horse, and closely
pressed by the Enniskillennrrs, fled into a large bog towards
Lough-Erne on the right har.d, throwing away their arms into
the turi' pits as they went. An open country lay upon their
right through which they might easily have escaped, but with
their usual want of presence of mind it did not occur to them
to prefer it. They were followed by the Protestant foot through
the bog into a wood near the Lough, where no quarter being
given to any but officers, five hundred of them took the wa ^'r,
and of these only one man escaped drowning ; he got away
safely by good swimming, though many shots were fired after
him. During the whole of this night the pursuers were beat-
ing about the bushes for the Irish, and their officers were un
able to recall them from the pursuit till next morning, by which
time scarcely a man who had fled from them into the bog es-
caped death. There was a very remarkable stroke given by
Captain William Smith in this battle ; with one blow of his
sword he cut off the upper part of a man's skull, just under the
hat. As much of the skull as was within the hat, with all the
brains it contained, was struck away from the under part of it,
and not so much as a fibre of the skin remained to keep them
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184
Honourable Colonel William Wolseley, our Commander in
chiof, under whose great and happy consev-
rsons not
; a com-
) protect
raitted to
ls7
take their substance with them. A particular (>i\l»*r, however,
was necessary for the removal of their goods, by which means
many, who were compelled to remove from the city, were
obliged to leave their beds and oth6r necessary clothes behind
them, so that they returned to their plundered liabitations but
ill provided for the coming winter ; and a considerable number
of them, whose cattle had escaped from the hands of the enemy,
were now robbed of their stock, great droves of which were
brought to the city. Mackenzie accuses Colonel Mitchelburn,
to whom Kirk gave the government of the city, of selling
those cattle at a high rate to butchers and other purciias(;rs ;
but this gallant officer, whose fair fame, like that of Walker,
was assailed with great virulence at this time, was honourably
acquitted of this and many other unfounded charges.
The men and officers were now drawn out to the field by
regiments, and they went out the more cheerfully, because it
had been reported that Kirk would have distributed two thou-
sand pounds amongst theni ; in this, however, they were dis-
appointed, and many of ihe officers doomed to be discarded to
make room for the General's favourites. The regiments of
Mitchelburn and Crofton were united, and the latter officer re-
duced. The regiment of Hamill, of Liftbrd, was joined with
Walker's, under the command of Captain White, to the severe
injury of one of the most distinguished defenders of the city.
Hamill went to London to remonstrate against this unjust act,
and to solicit compensation for his losses, an*' remuneration for
his acknowledged services. The tradition, in Lifford, records
his disappointment ; his only reward, according to it, being a
civil reception and the present of a gold-laced hat. But
crowned heads cannot always afford to be generous, and too
many just claimants inevitably cause a bankruptcy of gratitude.
Walker, as already noticed, fared better, and the widow of
Captain Browning was honoured with a gold chain and a pen-
sion.
The regiment of Monro was incorporat(Hl with that of
Lance's, and its commander reduced. An effort was made to
add Murray's heroic cavalry to another regiment, l>ut almost to
a man they indignantly refused to submit to this arrangement,
and went away to theii' different habitations, with their car-
bines and pistols. Kirk seized their saddles, and to consummate
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alert, notwithstanding all tho miserable eftbrts of shallow jntliti-
cians to extinguish it, and prostrate our Church and Constitu-
tion at the foot of an implacable foe : —
On the fifteenth of October, 1788, John Coninghara, Mayor,
David Ross and H. Mitchell, Sheriffs, and Stephen Beiinet,
Esq., issued a notice that the Mayor and Corporation of Lon-
donderry, zealous to revive in the breasts of the Protestant
generation,and transmit to posterity such principles as actuated
their heroic ancestors, had resolved on a secular commemo-
ration of the return of that memorable day, the seventh of
December, 1088, when the gates of their city were closed
against a bigotted tyrant — a day so honourably interwoven
with that grand era of our Constitution, The Glorious Rev-
olution, which, to our happy experience, has been terminated
by extensive and elaborate provisions for the general liberty.
On the fourth of November ensuing, being the eve of that
memorable day which, under the sanction of the Act of the
17th and 18th of Charles II., commonly called the Act of Uni-
formity of Public Prayers, a day of public commemoration of
the deliverance of King James I., and the Protestants of
England, from the most traitorous and bloody intended mas-
sacre by gunpowder, and also for the happy arrival of KiNc
William, for the deliverance of our Church and Nation, has
been appointed, and the form of prayer and thanksgiving for
these blessings inserted in the Liturgy. A meeting was held
in the Town Hall of Londonderry, when it was unanimously
resolved, that the proi)osal of the Mayor and Corporation
should be most cheerfully acceded to, and that a secular com-
memoration of the shutting of the gates should be held.
It was also resolved, that a public monument should be erected
to commemorate that glorious event, and a committee of
the Corporation, consisting of Messrs. Bateson, Acheson, Moore
and Schoales, should be added to those appointed by the Cor-
poration ; Mr. Bateson to be Treasurer, and Mr. Acheson, Sec-
retary.
On Thursday, the seventh of December, (0.8.) 1788, the
dawn was announced by the beating of drums, the ringing of
bells, and a discharge of the cannon which had been used during
the siege ; and a red Hag, the emblem of a virgin city, was dis-
played on the Cathedral. If a magistrate <»r military officer
i:)i
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of Lon-
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h'onth of
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liberty.
"f that
of the
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ion, has
ing for
as held
mously
oration
r com-
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erected
■tee of
Moore
e Cor-
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ng of
luring
IS dis-
ifficer
had interfered to prevent th»' hoisting of this Hag or the ling-
ing of these bells on this occasion, he would have been sent to
a lunatic asylum, and the mob of all denominations wonld have
pelted him with stones on the way. The city was almost im-
mediately in motion, each person seemed eager to bear his
part in the rejoicings of the day, and the glow of honest en-
thusiasm was apparent in every countenance.
At half past ten o'clock the Procession was formed upon the
Shipquay, and moved off in the following order: —
The Corporation and City Regalia."
The Clergy.
Officers of the Navy,
Forty-sixth Regiment.
Londonderry Associated Volunteer Corps.
Committee and Stewards.
Merchants and principal Citizens.
Merchants' Apprentices, preceded oy Mr. Murray, the great grand-
son of Colonel Murray, carrying the sword with which his
gallant ancestor slew the French General Mauniont.
Tradesmens' Apprentices.
The Young Gentlemen of the Free-School.
Masters of Ships, and Seamen.
•
It is scarcely possible to do justice to the beautiful and august
appearance exhibited at this stage of the solemnity, nor was it
easy to behold, without the most lively emotion, so respectable
a body of free citizens, thus publicly commemorating the he-
roic achievements of their ancestors, on the very spot which
was the scene in which they were performed, a spot which
should be as dear to the inhabitants of the British Isles, as the
plains of Marathon were to the ancient Grecians. But tlie
show itself, distinct from the occasion, was extremely splendid ;
everything was suitable and becoming, nor was any circurn
stance omitted that could add dignity to the scene. The
universal wearing of orange ribbons had a very ha|)py effect,
and the hand of citizens, however otherwise respectable, re-
ceived a vast addition to its interest from the elegant appearance
of the Stewards, who preceded them, and consisted of the fol-
lowing young gentlemen of the city, dressed in a handsome
uniform of blue and orange, viz. : George* Schoales, George
r'< iS f
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192
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Curry, Andrew Ferguson, George Knox, Roger Harrison, and
William Armstrong, Esqrs.
The Cathedral could not possibly have admitted the mul-
titude who composed the procession, had not every necessary
precaution been used. The city never before witnessed so
strong an assembly : the galleries, the aisles, and all the
avenues of the church were crowded, and many hundreds re-
turned unable to obtain entrance.
Divine Service being performed, an admirable sermon was
delivered by the Very Reverend Dean Hume. His text was
Joshua iv., 24. Nothing could be better adapted to the oc-
casion, or more replete with just and elevated sentiments.
After the sermon, a selection of Sacred Music was performed
from the Oratorio of Judas Maccabaeus, in which that fine air.
so well suited to the occasion, " ^Tis Liberty, dear Libertij alone,''
seemed to give the highest satisfaction to the auditory.
From the Church the procession marched in the same order
to the Meeting-house, where the Rev. Mr. Black delivered an
oration, which evinced at once his knowledge of British History,
and his ardent zeal for liberty.
On returning from the Meeting-house, a scene unexpectedly
presented itself to the eve, as novel as it was agreeable to the be-
holders, his Majesty's ship, the Porcupine, commanded by
Captain Brabazon, appeared in the harbour. She was com-
pletely dressed, or rather covered over with a variety of the
most splendid colours, and formed a spectacle equally majestic
and beautiful : she came on purpose to do honour to the fes-
tival. On approaching the quay, she was saluted by a dis-
charge of twenty-one guns from the ramparts, which she re
turned with an equal number. The SeorFlover, a cutter belong-
ing to his Majesty's Navy, accompanied her, and added to the
grandeur of the show. So large a ship of war was never before
seen in the harbour of Londonderry. The Dartmouth, by which
the city was relieved in 1689, came nearest to her in size, and
it is not unworthy of remark, that the point of time in which
the Porcupine and Sea-Flower appeared, was the very same in
which the Dartmouth and Phoenix were first discovered by the
distressed garrison, viz., when the citizens were assembled at
Divine Service in the Cathedral. Thus, by a happy coincidence,
the approach of those vessels formed a most lively represen-
193
tation of that memorable event, the relief of Lundondeury.
The first procession had scarcely terminated, when another of
A different kind commenced. Some of the lower class of
citizens had provided an effigy representing the well-known
Lundy, executed in a very humourous style, with a bundle of
matches on its back ; with this they perambulated the streets,
and having repeatedly exposed it to the insults of the zealous
populace, they burned it in the Market-place, with every cir-
cumstance of ignominy. This piece of j)ageantry afforded no
small entertainment to innumerable spectators, nor was it bar
ren of instruction to an attentive mind, as it marked out in
striking characters the unavoidable destiny of TRAiTOi^s, who,
having sacrificed to their own base interests the dean-st rights
of honour and conscience, are deservedly consigned over to
perpetual infamy, and become everlasting objects of detestation,
even to the meanest of the people.
At two o'clock, the forty -sixth Regiment and the Volunteer
Corps paraded. The Apprentice Boys' company, commanded
by Captain Bennet, went through the ceremony of shutting the
Gates, supported by the Regulars and Volunteers in columns.
They then returned to the Diamond, with King James's colours
in triumph, where a feu-dc-juie was fired, in concert with the
batteries upon the ramparts, and the ships in the harbour.
At four o'clock, the Mayor and Corporation, the Clergy, the
Officers of the Navy and Army, the Clergy of the Church of
Rome, the Gentlemen from the Country, the Volunteers,
Citizens, Scholars and Apprentices, &c., sat down to a plain
but plentiful dinner in the Town-hall. The toasts were con-
stitutional and well suited to the occasion ; no man was idiot
enough to object to drink to The Glorious Memory of that
great Prince who saved ihe Religion of the Protestant, and the
liberty of all other professors of Christianity. The assembly was
necessarily mixed, and extremely crowded, the guests, amount-
ing nearly to a thousand persons, and yet, regularity, decorum,
and complacency pervaded the whole company. Religious dis-
sentions, in particular, seemed to be buried in oblivion, and
Roman Catholics vied with Protestants in expressing, by every
possible mark, their sense of the blessings secured to them by
the event which they were commemorating ; and the part which
they took in the celebration of this joyful day was really
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coiflial, st;in«ling <)n recorrl in strong; coiitrjist witli the brutal
ignonuice of the agitators of the ])ros(Mit day, wlio load tin-
name of their deliverer with obloquy, and consider the lionouis
paid to his memoryas an insult to their religion.
Among the guests on tliis interesting occasion was a man
who had been actually present at the siege ; born a short timt'
before the investment of the city, he was nursed in a cellar
during th(i whole of that memorable time. The company wore
much struck with the singularity of the circumstance, and gazed
with intense interest upon the venerable ohl man, who had
breathed the same atmosphere Avith the immortal Walker.
Mitchelburn, and Murray. A subscription was set on foot.
for the purpose of raising the necessary means of protecting
this veteran from the icy grasp of poverty in extreme old age.
Tn the afternoon the soldiers were liberally entertaineil in
their barracks ; and several houses \\ ?re opened for the accom-
modation of the sailors; where they were plentifully regaled
with beef, punch, d'c, «&c.
The windows of the town-hall were ornamented by s])len-
didly illuminated paintings, designed and executed by the in
genious Mr. Black. The subjects and dispositions of them
were as follows, viz. : —
ferryquay-stkp:et.
The shutting of the Gates by the Apprentice Eoys.
BISHOP-STREET.
The genius of Londonderry fixing the Imperial Crown upon
the head of King William, and trampling on a figure respoc
ting despotism ; at tlie toj), was the date of a proclamation
made in this city of the accession of tha'.. great Prince and his
.llustrious Consort to the throne. — Mar .a 20th, 1689.
BUTCHER-STREET.
A monument : upon the right of the basement, the Rkv
Geoikse Walker, with a sword and Bible, and under it a tr
phy with the date of his appointment. On the left, Colon
Murray ; at his feet, the body of the French Gcnero
Mumnont, jin*! IxMM'.itb, ji tro])hy, witli th<' ictures appeared in differ-
ent parts of the town. The houses were splendidly illuminated,
and a grand display of fire- works fnmi Shipquay-gate concluded
the entertainment of the evening.
On the following day, the festival was continued ; and that
every class of people might hav(! some entertainment suited to
their peculiar tastes, the carcase of an ox, decorated with orange
ribbons, was drawn at noon through the principal streets to the
Diamond. It was afterwards cut into pieces, and distributed
with bread and beer to the poor housekeepers.
In the evening, the festival wjis concluded with a ball and
supper. The company was more numerous than had ever been
seen on any former occasion, yet everything was conducted with
propriety and regularity. The general decorum that was pre-
served, both at the ball and at the entertainment the preceding
(lay, was owing in a great degree to the gentlemen who acted
as stewards. The committee deserved much applause for this
well-judged arrangement, and the gentlemen themselves were
entitled to the thanks of the citizens, for their care in pre-
serving good order, and in accommodating the company.
During the continuance of the festival, the weather was pe-
culiarly favourable ; and we learn, with very great pleasure,
tliat no disagreeable accident happened, although the contrary
might have been feared, from the prodigious multitudes that
thronged together, especially in the Cathedral and the Meeting-
house, on Thursday. Throughout the whole of this business
no sentiment was more universally observable than that of
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LOVE TO THE SOVEREKJN. The (lay liad scarcely dawned when
" God save the Kinc; " sounded from the bells ; with the
same tune the Procession was both received and dismissed at
the Cathedral. It was the favourable song in the entertain-
ment on Thursday, and it was sung in full chorus at the l)all
on Friday. In short, it was apparent, that although the joy
natural to the occasion was strongly felt and universally dif-
fused, it was deeply blended with an affectionate concern for
our beloved and afflicted Monarch.
Tluis terminated the festival. Judicious in its origin, re-
spectable in its progress, and happy in its conclusion. The
event and its commemoration, it may be said, were worthy of
each other. No religious animosities, no illiberal reflections on
past events, poisoned the general joy and triumph. The genius
of Ireland seemed to preside, repressing in the Protestants all
irritating marks of exultation, and exciting in the L'onian
Catholics the feelings of thankfulness for the deliverance of their
persons and properties from the shackles of a lawless and intol-
erable despotism.
■ ')
1822.
(^laxxom Jfirst of %viQn%i, (©. S.
THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE RELIEF OF LONDON-
DERRY.
'i
i-
(From the Londonderry Journal. )
" After the usual ceremonies of the day, a royal salute of
twenty-one guns, fired from the ramparts, gave notice, at seven
o'clock in the evening, that the usual festivities were to com-
mence. In less than half an hour the tables in the great hall
of the County Sessions-house were completely filled, and pre-
197
1
senterl to the view nearly onc^ thousand loyal citizens, de-
votedly and unalterably attached to the King and Constitution.
At ihf npp(;r end of the hall many of the most respectable of
the citizens were assembled. Sir George Mill and Mr. Dawson,
our esteemed Representatives, ac(;onipanied by several of our
country gentlemen of tlie first respectability, an,.
no proniise.s, no fears had any «'flc(;t n}>on tli<'ni,and wlicn tlicv
were riMluccid to tlu! last stau«! of suHVriM^', and. sink in;^' under fiiniint'
and pi'.'i-ilence, it jileascd niK Al.mkjuty to crown their pat-
riotic efforts with a glorious victory. (Jn tin; Hist of An;,ni,st.
1081), the memorable day on which, makin*^ allowance for the
alteration in style, we, their descendants, have now met to
commemorate, the gallant Cajitain ihowning, in the Parfnioiifli
frigate, burst the ))oom whi(;h had been thidwn across tlie river,
and brought a sujtply of provisions and aninuniition to the
city; and on the night of that day the reltel army disaji[)eare(l
from before our walls, lie would tln^refore give
"TiiK First OF Aikjist, MJ.Sl), and the gallant Apprentice
hoys of Derry, who maintained this unexampled siege."
This toast was received with tiie loudest acclanuition, anUYI)S, TIIK StKWAKTS, TIIK HUNTKKS, TIIK ( 'UO.MiTONS,
and though last, not least of his citizen friends, Mr. Jamks
GKKegg(Ml leave to conchuU^
ity [)roposing tin; health of his distinguished friend, upon his
light hand, Gkouck liunKUT Dawson, Escjuikk, on** of our
t'steemed County Ke{)resentatives, who has proved himstdf
worthy of our confidence, hy his ,>^teady advocacy of the inter-
ests of his country, and who wtndd thus have an opportunity
of witnessing the enthusiastic and undiminished spirit of loyalty
and zeal which animates the citizens and Apprentice IJoys of
Londonderry. Sir (ieorge concluded by drinking their healths,
and again repeated the names of Mr. Dawscjn, and the respeci-
able Assemblage of persons near him. The toast was drank
with loud cheering. As soon as silence was restored, Mr.
Dawson thus addressed the Meeting : —
"Gentlemkn, — As my friend, Sir (ieorge Hill, has plac(;d
me foremost on the list of those whom lit; has designated as
friends of the caus(^ for which you are assembled here to-day,
I beg leave to return you thanks on their behalf, and on my
own, for the honour which you have conferred upon us.
" For every reason, public ami private, 1 rejoice that I have
had an opportunity of attending the Celebration of this day
in Derry ; privately, because it has ))een the mijans of intro-
ducing me to many persons by whom I yas unknown, and who
were unknown to me before, and of whose acquaintance I shall
hit proud at any future period of my life ; and publicly, because
it is useful for a pu})lic man, — for your representative in Par-
liament, to witness the expression of public feeling, by which
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he can regulate, if necessary, his own conduct, or at least hf
supported in proclaiming it in that place to which you send him,
and where the existence of such a feeling as that which ani-
mates the present company, is but little known, and, I jam sorrj-
to say, too little appreciated. — {Hear, hear.) Gentlemen, I am
sure you will believe me, when I say, that I never attended
any entertainment with greater pleasure than I do the present
one. It is an entertainment which no person, with the feelings
of a man, can witness without those sentiments of respect and
admiration, which the recollection of long sufferings and heroic
deeds must invariably create ; it is an entertainment which
differs, in this respect, from every other which it has been my
fate to attend. Other feasts may be more costly, but are com-
posed of motley groups, of high and low, of rich and poor,
clergy and laity, naval and military men, yet having no dis-
tinctive character; but here I can define my society in two
words, words than which there can be none more honourable
to the human heart, and bearing a character of which all may
be justly proud ; here I find myself surrounded by the descen-
dants of heroes and patriots, some rich and some poor, a
distinction which must exist as long as the world shall last,
but all honourable men, all the children and representatives of
inflexible, undaunted, and uncompromising Patriots. — {Hear,
hear, Jiear.) Gentlemen, I say, when I find myself surrounded
by such a society, on the anniversary of such a dhV, when
sufferings, i .^' not unparalleled, at least not exceeded in the history
of the world, were terminated, I should be dfvid to the feel-
ings of a man if I did not feel a kindred glow of that enthu-
siasm which animated your forefathers ; if I did not catch a
spark of that fire, which has shed its pure, its hallo\/ed, and
I trust its unquenchable splendour around your city. — (Cheers.)
Gentlemen, it has been said, by the most celebrated writer of
this day, or indeed of any day, that he did not envy the man
wh-'.se veins did noo warm on the plains of Marathon, or whose
piety did not glow amid the ruins of lona ; I only ask the
same permission for this day. Dr. John':;on claimed the ad-
miratior. of posterity for these Grecian heroes who saved their
country ; I claim from every brave and loyal spirit of the
present age the proper tribute of applause which is due to the
descendants of the gallant men, who not only saved their
n
■i
. 201
country in their own day, but transmitted its Constitution pure
and uncontaminated to their posterity. — (Hear.) Gentlemen,
I own these are feelings which actuate m(^ upon the present
occasion. — (Iletr.) I came here to celebrate the anniversary
of a great and glorious event ; I have no party feelings to
gratify, but I consider that by the courage and intlexibk^ vir-
tue of yoi.r forefathers, the cause of Ireedom was preserved,
and the foundation laid for our Glorious Constitution in Church
and State. — {Hear, Jiear, hear.) With these sentiments, I re-
joice to have an opportunity of meeting the Freemen of Lon-
donderry. I care not how my presence here may be miscon-
strued ; I care not for the seditious Press of the north of
Ireland — [Hear, hear, hear,) — nor for the radical Press of
England or Scotland, — {Hear, hear) — they have no terrors for
me, the louder their cries against your meeting, the more I
admire the spirit which induces you to assemble here, and pro-
claim to the world that the Freemen of Derry are as regardless
of the Jacobins of the present day, as their forefathers were
unterrified at the Jacobites of the former age. — {Cheers.)
Gentlemen, I consider the cause of your meeting here as in-
separable from the recollections of the citizens of Derry, as it
was from the history of their city ; as well might you be asketl
to pluck the example of your ancestors from your minds, as
the records of their deeds from t^ 3 page of history ; then^
they must and will live as long as mankind shall feel delight
in recording the exploits of heroism and courage ; and I trust
you will never cease to recite these examples to your children,
to serve them as they have served you, as beacons of loyalty,
in times of danger and trouble. — {Near, hear.) It is a glorious
thing for any public man to find himself backed by such su^)-
porters in the present age. Your voices proclaim that we Jirc
all animated by the same spirit — {Cheers) — and I should be
unworthy of your cheers if 1 did not give you the ost un
equivocal .insurance of standing forviard as the defender of
your privileges, and in raising my voice to the hist moment of
my life in the defence of our mutual principles, — {Hear, hear.}
This is no vague pledge ; the Anniversary of this day is the test
of the firmness and inflexibility of your characters, and the
memory of your forefathers shall be the oatli by vvhicii 1 bind
myself to support their principles — {Lo>id cheers.) (Tcrith'ineii,
15
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tlicsc are tlie motives of my i)re.sencc here co-day, and I think
no man however fastidious, no man liowever opposed to me
in politics, can deny me this honest enjoyment, or attrihuto
any other motive, than such as I have expressed. — {Hear, hear.)
Gentlemen, if I may add a word of admonition, it is this : to
avoid giving our (memies any handle against us. On our
sei)aration, let us al! retire to our homes, as peaceably as wv
assembled here ; let us close the day with the same forbearance
and moderation which distinguished the proceedings of the
morning. — (Hear, hear.) Let us maintain our character, un-
sullied, for superior intelligence and moderation, and let not our
enemies have occasion to say that we forgot for a moment the
cause of our assembling here. Gentlemen, the times are come,
when the affairs of Ireland form a grand topic of discussion
in the Parliament of the Empire. — {Hear, hmr.) The repre-
sentatives of Ireland differ widely in their opinions as to the
cause of its misery, but whatever their opinions upon general
topics may be, one sentiment is unanimous ; that it is the duty
of every man to encourage brotherly love ; to make no distinc-
tion of party, and to support the laws. — {Hear, hear.) Where
those sentiments do not prevail, mark the consequences : the
South of Ireland has Ijeen a prey to two of the most dreadful
evils that can afflict a nation : Providence has inflicted famine
upon the wretched inhabitants, and man has superadded re-
bellion. The same kind Providence has preserved you from the
scourge of famine, and your own loyalty has saved you from
the stain of rebellion. Persevere in this good course ; you know
the value of the laws, and let nothing induce you to violate them.
either to your King or your neighbour. — (Hear.) How proudly
1 have raised my head during the diacussions upon the state of
Ireland, in the House of Commons, when the character of the
country had been arraigned ; when blood, and massacre, and
rape, and rebellion, have been quoted in dreadful succession, as
the characteristics of the country, how proudly have I felt, when
I could'say, we know them not in the North — (Hear) — we ad-
mire and support the laws, — (Hear, hear) — and if blood has b3en
shed, it is in the armies of our King. — (Cheers.) Such a contrast
must make any man proud of representing you ; and, I trust,
that by a continued adherence to this hi; li minded-loyalty to
your King, fnilx-araiice to yowv opponents, if you h;ive;ui\.
*'i.
203
(I I think
se(i to nit'
attribute
'(tr, hear.)
s this : to
On our
bly as We
rbearaiict'
;s of the
acter, un-
it not oui
)ment the
are come,
liscussion
?he repre-
as to the
III i^reneral
the duty
.0 distinc-
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lices : the
t dreadful
ed famine
added re
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you from
you know
late them.
y proudly
le state of
er of the
sac re, and
;ession, as
felt, when
) — we ad-
has baen
I cr'utrast
I, I trust,
loyalty to
ll;ive ;lliv.
and good will to your neighbours, you will maintain the charac-
ter which has distinguished you, and allow me the enjoyment
of being the proudest Representative in Parliament." — {Lmid
and continued cheer in(j.)
As soon as Mr. Dawson concluded, the liall rang for several
minutes. The manner in which his speech was received proved
that his sentiments were in entire unison with those whom he
addressed.
Mr. Chambers returned thanks f- •• the honour they had
done him in drinking hi^j health. Some of his ancestors, he
said, had held honourable situations in the Loyal Corporation
of Londonderry, at the period they were now commemorating.
H:s own principles were well known to them all, and he hoped
they would continue to celebrate the event in spite of all their
eneLiies, until time should be no more.
Sir George Hill next proposed the health of the officers, non-
commissioned officers and privates of the Londonderry yeo-
manry, whose exemplary conduct, during the time they had
charge of the garrison, in the course of last winter and spring,
and whose appearance this day, and the regularity and preci-
sion with which they went through their different evolutions,
not less than their forbearance from doing any act which could
give the sliglitest cau.se of offence to any description of people,
entitled them to their warmest thanks and approbation.
Mr. Gregg, Captain of the rifle company, returned thanks
for the compliment paid to the yeomanry in drinking their
healths. He trusted tbey would always merit the confidence
of their fellow citizens, and assured them that the spirit which
animaUi the Apprentice Roys of 1G8S remained unabated.
The Chairman next gave the health of a gentleman then pre-
sent, with whom he regretted he had not before an opportunity
of being acquainted, — a gtnitlemen who had devotedly em-
ployed his valuable talents in supporting the principles of the
Constitution, and wdiose jioetical genius had contributed to the
celebration of this day, he meant the Keverend John Graham.
The toast was received and di'auk with repeated cheer.s.
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'204
h i!
Mr. Graham then rose and returned tlianks in tlie iollow-
ing words :
" Gentlemen, — 1 beg leave to ofter you my warmest tlmiikH
for the honour which you have conferred upon me, by associat-
ing my name and humble services with those of the distin-
guished friends of the Constitution assembled here on this oc-
casion. To receive the meed of applause from such men in such
a place, from the descendants of the heroes who defended this
maiden city, in 1689, and on this classic ground, the scene of
their sufferings and their triumph, is to me a proud distinction,
which more than compensates the labours of a life devoted to
the maintenance of the Protestant religion.
" The events which you have so long been in the habit of
thus celebrating, are intimately connected with the rights, lib-
erties, and happiness of every subject in the British Empire.
Had this renowned city been reduced by the armies of the ab-
dicated king, had the death of the dearest relatives of the be-
sieged, or their own suffering and dangers, induced them to
retract their bold resolve, and consent to a surrender, such was
the critical state of affairs at that time on the other side of St.
George's Channel, that the effort to accomplish the Revolution
must have failed ; William would have shared the fate of Mon-
mouth ; the tyrant, flushed with success, irritated by the efforts
which had been made to get rid of him, and armed with an ac-
cession of arbitrary power, which would have sent forth an-
other Jeffries to renew his judicial massacres, and the sur-
viving Protestants might have * sat down by the waters of
Babylon, hung their harps upon the willows, and wept at the
remembrance of their Zion.' But while the vanquished should
feel the lash of persecution, what would have been the condi-
tion of the instruments of their subjugation ? They would
have soon found out, that their principal achievement had been
the prostration of their own civil and religious liberties ; their
success would have proved a subject of unavailing regret, and they
would have cursed the luckless day which gave them victory.
Taxed without being represented, deprivea of the liberty to re
nounce the fatal errors of the Church of Rome, which many
of their descendants have done ; trampled under foot by a
combination of foreign and domestic despotism, they would
have held their lives and properties on the frail tenure of u
iff
205
Minister's capnce or a Jesuit's favour. I allege, therefore
without fear of contradiction from any sound lawyer in the
British Dominions, that there are no legal or Constitu-
tional GROUNDS OF OFFENCE IN THE OBSERVANCE OF THESE
Anniversaries, and that it is a gross and dangerous error to
suppose so. To the event which we are now celebrating, viewed
in connection with its direct results, we, in common with every
other denomination of his Majesty's subjects, are indebted for
the Bill of Rights, the Habeas Corpus Act, the Trial by Jury,
the Freedom of the Press, and, above every other earthly con-
sideration, the liberty to worship God according to the dictates
of our conscience. Gentlemen, in this view of our Constitution,
within the memory of many here present, this anniversary
was decidedly popular, not affording pretence for dissension,
but opportunities of patriotic festivity. The Titular prelates
and clergy, men who had travelled, and seen the world, often
joined in the celebration of it, and not unfrequently toasted the
memory of that great Prince, who was the favoured instrument
of Heaven in saving our religion and their liberty. In this
spirit, and in no other do we celebrate the memory of our wise
and valiant ancestors, and we retire from these happy meet-
ings ' fearing GoD, honouring the King, and intermeddling
not with those who are given to change.'"
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Mr. Crompton begged to remind Sir George Hill, that he had
repeated the names, and drank the health of several gentlemen
around him, but there was one not less distinguished than any
of the rest, who sat near him, and whom he had totally
omitted ; a gentleman who possessed the respect, the esteem
and regard of his fellow-citizens, in a not less eminent degree
than any present at this meeting ; a gentleman to whom the
mercantile and shipping interests of Derry were deeply
indebted, whose kindness, zeal, and exertions on every occasion
where he could protect or advance or facilitate the trade of
this port, have been at all times most conspicuous. It was un-
necessary for him to say more than to name Captain Hill,
our respected Collector.
This eulogium on the character of Captain Hill, which was
delivered with great energy, was received with the loudest
acclamations, and bis health drank with repeated cheers.
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Mr. Hill returned thanks for this unexpected compliment,
and for the kind and warm feelings with which his lih.ilth was
received, by such a body of his fellow-citizens, and assured
them it should ever be his duty to deserve and maintain their
good opinion.
After this toast there was a general call for the healtli of
Mr. Peel, which was immediately given, and received with
loud acclamation.
About ten o'clock the whole com})any broke up, highly gra-
tified with the spirit and unanimity that had prevailed during
the evening, and determined to keep up a custom which is
calculated to hand down unimpaired to their posterity the
principles that actuated their brave ancestors, and which are
the best bulwarks of their Laws, Liberties, and Keligiox.
RESOLUTIONS AND ADDRESS
OF THK
FREEMEN AND FREEHOLDERS
OK THE CITY OF LONDONDERRY.
Against " The Catholic Board," oh the Sth of February, 1814.
At a time when an assembly of turbulent demagogues, styl-
ing themselves The Catholic Board, sat in the metropolis of
Ireland, and agitated the peace of the country in a most alarm-
ing manner, by inflammatory speeches and seditious practices,
it appeared necessary to the inhabitants of the ancient and
loyal City of Londonderry to remonstrate against that fright-
ful anomaly in a civilized country, and the following documents
relativ o to their successful effort to put down that Association,
may be re-i)ublislied with great propriety at a tinn^ when the
monster has again raised its portentous head, notwithstanding
'207
the mild and paternal ettbitB of a Oovfrnniont, which, in tlu;
vain attempt to concilitate those people wliose claims to ]iowrr
it assumes to vindicate, has run no f^niall risk of alienatini' the
affections of thirteen millions of Protestants in the l^ritish
Empire.
It is but just to record, that the Kev. George Hay, the res-
pectable Presbyterian Minister of Londonderry, was very
active on this important occasion and the following Kesolutions
and Address were drawn up by him, in conjunction with Wm.
Scott, Esq., of that City. It may also be added, that the late
Titular Bishop of Derry, Dr. O'Donnell, whose liberality of
sentiment was so conspicuous in the centenary celebration of
the Seventh of December, 1788, that he wore an orange cross
on his breast as he sat in the Corporation seat of the Cathedral
during divine service, took a decided part in promoting this
measure, which gave the tone to other counties, and eventually
put down the " Catholic Board.''
TO THE
WORSHIPFUL MAYOR AND SHERIFFS
OF THE CITY OF LONDONDERRY.
We, the undersigned Freemen and Freeholders of the
City and County of Londonderry, request you will call a meet-
ing of the Freemen and Freeholders of said City and Liberties,
on as early a day as may suit your convenience, to take into
consideration the present agitated and alarming state of this
country ; to enquire into the causes which have led to it, and
to adopt such measures as may a])pear nece&sary to restore onr
neighbourhood to that feeling of confidence and security, for
which, until very lately, it had been so distinguished.— Lon-
donderry, February 2, 1814.
John Curry.
William Scott.
John Coningham.
John Dysai't.
Archibald Boyd,
'lolin Nicholson.
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208
David Moore.
Leonard Horner.
Arthur Kobinson.
George M'Connell.
P. B. Maxwell.
William Mackay.
John Ferguson.
Andrew Ferguson.
John Thompson.
Andrew Beatty.
James Davenport.
Robert M'Intire.
Thomas Lecky.
Humphry Babington.
.Joseph Curry.
William Alexander.
Kobert Corscaden.
Alexander M'Conn.
John Kea.
John A. Smyth.
Carey M'Clellan.
William Hamilton Ash.
William Smyth, Lisdillen.
Kobert Maginniss.
John Alexander.
James Wilson.
James Gilmour.
Richard M'llwaine.
James Dysart.
William Knox.
Roger Murray.
Chas. O'Donnell, D.D.
William Marshall.
Thomas Davenport.
John Gwynn.
William Cuthbert.
James Thompson.
John Brigham.
Ezekiel Graham.
John M'Clure.
James Henderson.
John B. Horner.
John Kelso.
AVilliam Doherty.
Richard Babington.
Thomas Shepherd.
H. Riddall.
Andrew A. Watt.
John Munn.
William Bond.
James Murray.
James Ellis.
T. W. Newburgh.
William L. Smyth.
Richard O'Doherty.
William Dysart.
Robert George.
George Smyth.
Samuel Alexander.
Timothy Foy.
William M'Corkell.
George Fuller.
William Ball.
M. Stewart.
George Hay.
James M'Crea.
David R. Curr}^
James Gregg.
Samuel Lee.
W. Camack.
Samuel King.
George Brown.
James M'llrevy.
John Campbell.
James Crawford.
Alexander Brown.
John Simpson.
S. Peoples.
AVilliam Campbell.
Charles Gibson.
209
John Campbell.
H. Nesbitt.
Andrew Cochran.
George Cary.
Henry Brooke.
Thomas Ramsay.
William Kerr.
William Stirling.
William Huffington.
William Crawford.
Henry Delap.
Peter M'Donagh.
James Fleming.
D. Coningham.
William Gallagher.
Samuel Boyd.
George Haslett.
In compliance with the above requisition, we do hereby ap-
point a meeting of the Freemen and Freeholders of the City
and Liberties of Londonderry, to be held in the Town hall,
on Tuesday, the 8th instant, at the hour of one o'clock in the
afternoon.
M. S. HILL, Mayor.
CONOLLY SKIPTON, ) ^, .^
MARCUS M'CAUSLAND, f ^^'^'''J^^-
Londonderry, February 2nd, 1814.
At a meeting of the Freemen and Freeholders of the City
and Liberties of Londonderry held in the Town-hall of said
City, on Tuesday, the 8th of February, 1814, pursuant to pub-
lic notice, M. S. Hill, Esq., Mayor ; Conolly Skipton and
Marcus M'Causland, Esqrs., Sheriflfs, in the Chair. It having
been proposed and seconded, that a committee of seven be ap-
pointed to prepare matter for the consideration of the meeting,
the following gentlemen were proposed and approved, viz. : —
James Murray, {descendant of the renowned Adam Murray),
Archibald Boyd, Esqrs ; Rev. George Hay, M.A. ; William
Scott, M.D. ; William Marshall, John Dysart, and Thomas
Davenport.
The said committee having retired, and on their return sub-
mitted the following resolutions to the consideration of the
meeting, which, after having been considered twice, read, and
put from the chair, were unanimously adopted : —
Resolved Unanlmously. — That we are unalterably at-
tached to his Majesty's sacred Person and Government, and
to those principles which placed the Illustrious House of BrunSn
wick on the Throne.
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KksoiA'EI) UnanimuI'SLY. — Tliat we liave lately In-lu-ld,
with tV»'lin<^s of Binceii! regret, the peace and tran(|uilHty of this
hitherto haj)py neigh})ourhood distniljed ; tlie contidenct; v.liich
existed in all classes of the coinimmity almost destroyerl, and
ille.;
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VII.
From Cork's wide shore MacGartymore
The besieging force augmented,
Macmahon's men their standard bore,
In Clones regimented ;
Haj.:an's were seen, from Glenwood gi-een,
To great O'Neill related,
And Gallaghers tall, from fair Donegal,
Were the last oi the troops that retreated.
VIII.
Bellew left Duleek and his ancient hall,
To see his monarch righted,
Fagan, of Filtrim, with Fingal
His cavalry united ;
'Twas part of the plan that Lord Strabane
Should give his neighbours warning.
But they paok'd him oft" with a shot and a scoif,
His hollow counsel scorning.
IX.
At the murmuring rill, near Pennyburn-mill,
Were Bagnall's forces posted,
Fitzgerald's on the Chapel-hill,
Of faith and fealty boasted ;
The batteries of Culmore fort
With sod-works were surrounded.
And loud their culverin's report
O'er hills and vales resoundeom which the Boon extended,
Across the FoYLE, where ^mllets hot.
That tearful pass defended.
XII.
Cavenagh was seen, o'er Craggin burn,
His VVicklow warriors leading,
V\ hence few were fated to return,
Tho' now in pride parading ;
Ten thousand men round fair Prehen,
In trenches deep protected.
On every hill display'd their skill,
And ))atteries erected.
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XIII.
From Trough's green fields M'Kennas came.
In number high amounting,
And from the Bann's meandering stream
Came Bradleys past the counting ;
From Longford far to the field of war
O'Farrell's forces wander'd,
And did their best, in Walker's nest,
To plant King James's standard.
XIV.
When Bryan O'Neill, of Balnascreen,
An Alderman was chosen.
And when Broughshane our Mayor was seen,
Our hearts with fear were frozen ;
O'Rourke too was down for an Alderman's gown,
O'Sheills and MacConways elated,
MacAnallies from Tyrone and Con Baccagh's son.
On our magistrates' bench wei'e seated.
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XV.
From Calior's old tliroiic in Kniiisliow'ii
O'Dohc'^^^j mn slionlinj:,
And on tho plain st')()d brave 0'(*aiK'.
A victory not doubting ;
Lough-Erno's shore, with many mort*,
Sent forth Maguire boasting,
Of times that were gone — " old forty-one,"
In riowing bnm])ers toasting.
XVI.
What could the maiden city do.
By all thost^ troops in\ested '(
She rai.ul her etandanl of 'JRUK ]',\Aa:,
By freedom's foes dec(!Ste(l ;
The goodly sign, Mke ).>w divine,
O'er Ulster brightly b(!aniing,
Brought quickly forth the sons of the north,
The ])ost of hon»nir claiming.
XVII.
At LifFord it was Hammel'scare
That the foe should be obstructed.
And v/hon at last the Finn they pass'd,
His men he here conducted ;
But when he was away, before the dawn of day.
Old Hansard was ill treated.
For to tne'r shame some cowards came.
And his statue mutilated.
XVIil.
Soon to the town Squire Forward came.
His bands fiom Burt preceding,
And Stewart and (liove to the field (4' fame
Loiigh-Swilly's heroes leading ,
On a meadow grea^, near Ballindrate,
Bra/e Rawdor jc.in'd Lord Blai^'^y.
Tl.cir trumpets' sou!id was echo'd round.
From the Fovle to the southern Slanev-
XIX.
From Nowtownstewart rode Lord Moiuitjo) ,
In j'outht'ul Ix'iiuty blooming, •
Sijiiire Moore o'er troops from Au^^hnacloy
The hi,i;h command assumin<;- ;
To aid the town, from warlike Down,
Hill came and cross'd onr ferry,
Bearing a name that still holds claim
On the h(!arts of the men ot Herry.
XX
Groat Skiffington from Massai-een,
[n this good cause was serving,
And the valiant Cross from Darton green,
From Omagh Audley Mervyn ;
From Killyleagh George Maxwell gay
For gallant deeds was knighted,
Cairnes of Knockmany shar'd the gloiy of the day.
Wheji .Fames's threats were sliirhtiid.
XXI.
Glasslough sent a regiment in armour bright.
By Caledon's horsemen aided,
Johnson commanded and led thcMii to the fight.
From the ground where they first paraded ;
GPwVIIAM's gallant hand did the foe withstand.
An Alderman wis<' and steady.
His purse and his store were open evermore.
For his townsmen's service ready.
XXH.
Babingtox was here, and among us did a[>pear
MiTC'HELBURN covered with glory,
Adam Murray rare and valiant Jamie Blair,
And Baker renown'd in storv ; *
PoNSONBY brave stood here the towi' to save,
Sln'CLair and Sai'NDERSON assisting
Horace Kennedy and Ash, and Vaughai. bold and rash.
The besiegers' troops resisting.
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XXIII.
Dawson and Campsie nohly fought,
With Albert Hall and Barry,
Crookshank and Ul»T()N ever sought,
The foes proud force to parry ;
Gervais Squire led the way in ev'ry bloody fray ;
James Curry for ardour was noted,
But Adams, of Strabane, at our cannon was th** man,
To whom we the laurel voted.
XXIV.
Lenox and Leeky to Scotland went.
For aid, a surrender loathing,
But ere; they went to the stores they sent
A large supply of clothing ;
Conyngham and Brooke great trouble took,
Major Phillips was the town's protector,
Captain Godfrey from Coleraino did our noble cause sustain,
As did Jemmet our brave Collector.
XXV.
Parker join'd us from Coleraine,
From Garvagh brave Georce Canning,
A noble soul without a stain,
No wily mischief planning ;
And well he migi/. have felt some fright,
As here in arms he hasted.
For his father's town had been burn'd down,
And his fair plantation wasted.
XXVI.
Alderman Tomking's promptly sent,
To the camp from his castle of Tirkearing,
A strong and gallant regiment,
All our toils and our dangers sharing ;
And on a lucky day they met Murray on the way,
And chose him their commander ;
On Frenchmen's heads they sharpen'd their blades,
With the brave Mount Alexander.
225
XXVII.
From Charlomont came Caulfield's force,
Chichester from Dungannon,
Witli horse and foot that from Dromore,
EscapM the Irish cannon ;
Colhoun from Letterkenny came,
On angry foes proud frownitig.
From Dawson's bridge, his fair abode,
Came gallant Adam Downing.
XJ^VIII.
Jackson and Beatty from Slievegallcn came across
C!olonel Stuart, with Mulholland, of Fiden,
Nisbitt, Cowan, Denniston, witii Fleming, Clark and Koss,
And Knox, from Glenfin and Kilkeadon ;
Cummins fir'd the fon;most gun, ere the fo» began to run ;
James Houston amaz'd each bystander,
When fainting on the wall, and with famine like to fall,
He brought down a proud French commander.
XXIX.
Sir Tristram Beresford's array,
Coleraine some days defended,
But here at last they found their way.
And vigour recommended ;
Sir John Magill was ready still,
Both night and day for action,
And Carey sought and stoutly fought,
To crush Kinij James's faction.
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And last, not least, from Donaghmore,
George Walker came to guide us,
To join our cause for evermore,
Let weal or woe betid* ; us ;
When press'd with woe — in spirits low,
We heard his words endearing.
When he said go — we chas'd the foe,
His voice our spirits cheering.
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XXXI.
VVitli hearts liko tljcsc, what hlood could Uvi^7M ;
Thfi (lauf^'cr.s ^'athcr'd loiiiid us ;
From morn till iii;!;ht wo stood tho fight,
The too could no'er confoutid us ;
No famino pah* could au^dit avail,
No feelings keen or tender,
Make us relent or onco consent
To say tho word— suuukndki{.
xxxy.
At last, by all our suffrings mov'd,
Kind Heaven its aid exten f %
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IV.
Tho matchless deeds of those who here
Defied the tyrant's frown,
On history's bright rolls appear,
Emblazon'd in renown :
Here deathless Walker's faithful word
Sent hosts against the foe,
And gallant Murray's bloody sword
The Gallic chief laid low.
Then here^s to those — heroic dead,
Their Glorious Memory,
May we who stand here in their stead,
As wise and valiant he.
V.
Oh sure a heart o^ stone would ir.elt,
The scenes once here to see,
And witness all our fi^thers felt,
To leave their Country free :
They saw the lovely matron's cheek,
With want and terror pale,
They heard the.'.r child's expiring shriek,
Float on the passing gale.
Yet there they stood — in fire and blood,
As battle -ac/d around,
Resolved to die — iill victory,
Their Pwyle Standard crown\l.
YI.
The sphered rights these heroes gain'd
In nany a hard fought day,
Shall they by us be still maintain'd,
Or basely cast away 1
Shall rebels vile rule o'er our Isle,
And ca 1 it all their own ]
Oh surely no, the faithless foe.
Must bend before the throne.
W\
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The% heres a health to all good men,
To all good men and true,
And when ive close our gates again,
We'll all he then true blue.
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THE RELIEF.
Written for the Celcbratimi of thai event, on th» 1st of August, 1822.
(0. S.)
■' Grata supervenient quce non sperahitur hora." — HOR.
Air — " My ain kind Dearie 0."
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The gloomy hour of trial's o'er,
No longer cannons rattle, O,
The tyrant's Hag is seen no more,
And James has lost the battle, ;
And heie we are renown'd and free.
By maiden walls surrounded, 0,
While all the knaves who'd make us slaves,
Are baffled and confounded, O.
11.
The Dartmouth spreads her snow white sail,
Her purple pennant flying, 0,
While we the dauntless heroes hail.
Who sav'd us all from dying, ;
Like Noah's dove, sent from above,
While foes would starve and grieve us, 0,
Thro' floods and flame, an angel came,
To comfort and relieve us, 0.
'ilii
f '!.
NlitH
! •i' ,r
>
t j
J '
t
I
■ 1
} ^
j ' .
i
!|
I',' *
230
III.
Oh when the vessel struck the boom,
And pitch'd and reel'd and stranded, 0,
With shouts the foe denounc'd our doom,
And open gates demanded, ;
And shrill and high arose the cry,
Of anguish, grief, and pity, 0,
While black with care, and deep despair,
We mourn'd our falling city, 0.
IV.
But Heav'n her guide, with one broadside,
The laden bark rebounded, 0,
A'fav'ring gale soon fill'd the sail,
While hills and vales resounded, O,
The joy-bells ring — long live our King,
Adieu to grief and sadness, 0,
To Heav'n we raise our voice of praise,
In heartfelt joy and gladness, 0.
A SONG
FOR
THE NORTH-WEST SOCIETY.
Written far their Annual Meeting, at Londonderry, Thnmlai/,
lOtk October^ 1822.
'' Bura mihi et rigui placeant in valUbus anmes,.
Flumina amen sylvasque ifiylorias." — Vikg.
How happy is this festive scene,
Where worth and wealth combiuiug,
In patriotic bands are seen,
All common cares resigning ;
2'Sl
VVith love for all, both great and small,
Our country's good devi.sing,
Each prudent course and rich resource,
In wisdom calm revising.
Pursuits like these must surely please
The heart that can feel pleasure ;
When time takes wing they leave no sting,
But comfort without measure :
Each happy day that rolls away,
While man his brother blesses,
Produces j(jy without alloy,
And this the heart confesses.
Then here's to Erin's lovely fields,
Her sons and daughters dainty,
Her matchless soil, that freely yields
Of choicest gifts a plenty :
For many a year may we meet here,
To prove we dearly love her,
May those who roam come quickly home,
To cherish and improve her.
! who to swell vain France's pride,
That land of friend.ship hollow ;
Would leave the Foyle's bright smiling side,
The fickle crowd to follow :
When happy here, we pass the year,
With faithful friends around us,
While on each hand, for our own land,
Heart-cheering views surround us.
Lough-Erne's wave the Foyle shall join,
And both shall meet the Shannon,
Old Galway's lakes shall swell the lioyne,
No more disturb'd by cannon :
The south'rn Lee shall johi Lough-Kee,
The i>ann, the Liffey narrow,
Th(^ Slaney bright, with these unite,
And mingle with the Barrow.
Ik
i '
iii
1
11
it
t]
n
' j:i ;
1 )
It ; ■
Our mountains high, that meet the sky,
With hidden treasure teeming,
Their steel and gold shall soon unfold
The land from want redeeming :
The silver mine once more shall shine,
Our Leitrim coal shall warm us.
While bogs reclaimed, and meadows named,
With clover green shall charm us.
Our coast, producing shoals of fish,
Neglected long and wasted,
Once more shall furnish many a dish,
On foreign tables tasted :
The stormy main shall prove our gain,
The Dutchman's fame outstripping.
Our harbours deep, shall safely keep
Ten thousand sail of shipping.
Oh ! then no more shall want or guilt,
All comfort from us sever.
No more shall blood be madly spilt.
The land shall rest for ever :
This beauteous Isle was form'd to smile,
Renown'd in future story.
Our sons shall see that she will be
" Broad Europe's " pride and glory.
THE MAIDEN CITY.
By Charlotte Elizabeth, avtJumss o/" The Siege of Berry,'' dx.
' Mi
i 'i
Where Foyle his swelling waters
Rolls iiorthward to the main.
Here, Queen of Erin's daughters.
Fair Derry fixed her reign :
233
A holy temple crown'd her,
And commerce graced her street,
A rampart wall was round her,
The river at her feet ;
And here she sate alone, boys,
And, looking from the hill,
Vow'd the Maiden on her throne, boys,
Would be a Maiden still.
From Antrim crossing over.
In famous eighty-eight,
A plumed and belted lover
Came to the Ferry-Gate :
She summon'd to defend her
Our sires — a beardless race — *
They shouted No Surrender !
And slamm'd it in his face.
Then, in a quiet tone, boys,
They told him 'twas their will
That the Maiden on her throne, boys,
Should be a Maiden still.
i ;' TiiE Wellesley Canal, be-
tween Londonderry and Eiiiuskil'i
The living hero loves the place whoso name
Reminds him of an ancient hero's fame ;
The Macedonian monarch, when a boy,
Felt his heart bound when'er he heard of Troy ;
C;e3ar, who forc'd a wond'ring world to yield,
Glow'd at the thought of Marathon's proud tiuld.
And conipiering Hannibal oft wished to tread
The ground whore great Leonidas had bled ;
So Derry, fam'd till time shall have an end, )
And glori(niy Eimiskillen may depend.
On having still a VVelleslkv for their friend.
i
" Mr. Sph\ker, — I have in my hand n jMitition, signed by
the Mayor, Corporation, and principal inhabitants of the City
of Londonderry. It has always been held, Sir, that the re-
warding eminent merit, in particular, is a general benefit, by
stimulating: others to emulation, and excitinijr them to the same
dessert, b}-- hopes of the same advantage. I therefore Hatter
myself that I shall not be thought unnecessarily to take up
your time by saying a few words in favour of your present pe-
titioners.
" If this nation had been so happy as to have its history
written by any author of abilities equal to the work, the actions
of the citizens of Derry would have furnished its most shining
passages — passages which would have embellished the most
illustrious historian, and highlv honoured the most heroic na-
tion. The want of sucli historians is, indeed, the less to be re-
^^retted, as we have the most authentic records of such loyalty,
magnanimity, and public spirit, in that ancient Protestant and
237
iiiicon.;iiere(l city, as would sliakr; the credit of any liisturian,
howc • eminent, foi inipirti.dity and tnitli, if tliey depended
niereJ) ij.un his testiMony
Tl
le i'ecor(
isl
mean, on-, are
th
t5
Journ;)'b uf this I'ouse, and of tlie Coi nions of Knj^land ; yo
u
th(
ere ind I le eitizois oi l)erry .sup])ortin
f 1).
tlie I
vws.
tl
le reli
^don, and the liberty of their country, in defiance of all the
miS3ries that the - ;ik :;>.esof war, aggravated by the sanguinary
rage of bigotry and superstition, could bring upon them. To
say that they gave their lives a ransoni t'oi' th blessings which
their posterity enjoy, is to wi-oiig them of half their ])raise, if
we do not consider the manner in which it was paid. The
pomp of war, and the sound of the trumpet, awake in alnio ■
every mind a sudden and tunudtuous courage, which rath.' r
overlooks danger than defies it, and rather susj)ends our at' o-
tion to life, than reconciles us to the h)ss of it. The s' ' 'u-r
rushes forward with impetuosity, and when he hears the thu
der of the' battle, can glory in the elation of his mind l)Ut
wh.n death approaches with a slow and silent pace. whe. .t is
seen at leisure, and con^.emplated in all its tei-rcrs, tlu^ spirit
shrinks back to the heart— the love of fame, and even the hope
of heaven, is chilled within us, and fear at once prevails, not
over the liero only, but the saint.
" Of tht; few that hi this hour of horror have surmounted the
sense of their own condition, who is he that has looked with
the same ecjuanimity u})on the partner of his fortune, and the
pledges of his love / AVhen a wife or child has beea a hostage,
and the tyrant's .agger has been lifted to their lir.-ast, how has
the hero and the patriot melted in the husband and the father?
"By what name then shall we distinguish the virtue of the
citizens of Deny, who did not rush upon death, for their coun-
try, in the momentary ardour of sudden contest— in the ])omp
and tumult of ihe Held of battle, l)Ut waited its deliberate,
thoiigli iriesistible approach, shut up within tluar own walls,
in the gloomy recesses of sickness and famine ; and who, while
they felt the pangs of hunger undermining life in themselves,
beheld also its destructive influence in those whose lives were
still dealer than their own : who heard th' faltering voice of
helpless infancy coniplain, till the sounds at last died ui)on the
tongue ; and who saw the languid eye of fainting beauty ex-
press what no language could utter, till it was closed in death.
%ri
'i I
23ft
In this trial to stand firm — in this conflict to be innrc ih.in
conquerors — was it not also to be more than men. To have
been the birth-place, or the residence of one such hero, would
hav(^ fired a thousand cities with envy, and have rentlered the
meanest handet illustrious for ever.
" What then is Derrv, whose whole inhabitants were ani-
mated by this virtue, like a common soul 1 Nor is it stranije
that their posterity should still be distinguished by the .same
spirit ; for, how is it ]»ossible they should hear the recital of
these wonders, and enjoy the benefits they procured, without
glowing at once with gratitutle and emulation. Their virtue.
from whfitever cause, has long been hereditary. In the civil
wars of 1041, Derry was the impregnable city, which bafflecl all
the forces of the rebels, to the encouragement and sup})ort of
the whole north of Ireland. In the glorious Eevolution of
1688, a crisis, perhaps the; most important that ever happened
in any age, or any country, Derry stood forth the bulwark of
the laws, religion, and liberty of this nation. To Derry we all
owe, in a great measure, the example and peaceable possession
of them, in which we are happy at this day ; and how Derry
behaved during the late insurrection we ne«'d not be told ; a
series of acknowledgments and thanks recorded in the Journals
of this Douse, from its first institution to the ju'esent time, arc
at once the most authentic testimony of the distinguisiied
merits of this city, and its most glorious and permanent re-
ward. But, though all private encomium may be precluded,
as an honour to Derry, it may perhaps be indulged as a plea-
sure to me, and let me add, to those before Avhom I speak ; for
I am confident, that among all who hear me, there is not one
who would not from the same motive, and with the same plea-
sure, have spoken of her citizens as I have done, except where
my language has been inadequate to my ideas, and there 1 am
confident they would have supplied the defect.
"As to the allegation and the prayer of the petition, though
as I observed, it is a general benefit to reward merit ; yet T
must do my constituents this farther ju.stice to say, that if what
they solicit had not, exclusive of this principle, been a national-
advantage, they would not have made it the object of their so-
licitations : mat modesty and moderation, which are the in-
separable concomitants of merit, and that uj»rightness and
-ii
:i3!)
•i»' tlmii
To hav*'
r), Wdiild
ercd tile
ere ani-
stran^'e
he same
ecital of
uitlioiit
r virtue,
the civil
ifHed all
])port of
utioii of
a]»j)ene(l
wark of
y we all
)s.se.ssioii
w Dcrry
tolfl ; a
Journals
ime, arc
iguislu'd
nent re-
ecluderl,
s ii plea-
■ak ; for
not one
ne plea-
t where
re 1 am
though
; yet I
if what
lationa^
heir ho-
the in-
ess and
genentsity of mind, which would disdain to re(|Ue.st the appli
cation of any part of the public treasure to a private use, would
have prevented them.
" The trade of the city of Derry, Sir, is within tliese few
years greatly increased, with respect to imports and exports ;
the single article of the linen manufactun* amounts to no less
than £200,000 per annum. There are, belonging to this port,
four and-twenty ships, from two hundred to three hun
of Antrim, who, with, the exception of 1,he precedinj^ Earl, his
brother, was, ])erhaps, the man of all others, most likely to ex-
cite suspicion in the minds of the Protestants at fhis time.
He had taken part with the Irish rebels in the year 1G41, for
which he was attainted of treason, but was restored to his estate
bj^ the Act of Explanation, 1662; in 1685, he was sworn of the
Privy Council of King James II., who gave him. the command
of this regiment, for which he was attainted ; but he was after-
wards adjudged to be comprised within the articles of Limerick.
(•hin f
count
army
'*'
Stanza III.— Tine 1—" Lord Galmaj."
I find no mention of Lord Galway in Archbishop King's list
of James's officers, which is generally deemed to be correct ;
and in Neville's map of Derry, as besieged in 1689, this pot«i-
tion is given to Lord Galmoy.
Line 2~'' Ballmigry:'
A mountainous hill near the city, on the river, near the seat
of Kobert Bateson, Esq. There are several Danish forts and
remains of entrenchments on and about it ; in one of them a
piece of gold, which appeared to be the head of a spear or a
standard, was lately found by a labourer, who sold it for five
pounds.
Line 3—'' NugenC
James Nugent was Lieutenant-Colonel of Hamilton's regi-
ment of foot, the second in the besieging army. Edward
Nugent was Colonel in Lord Fitz-James's regiment ; and
Thomas Nugent Lieutenant-Colonel of the Earl of Tyrone'?- in-
fantry ; Richard Nugent commanded the 8th regiment of foot.
Thomas Nugent was afterwcirds promoted from Tyrone's regi-
ment to succeed Colonel Francis, in a highfT command, for
which he was outlawed on the 1 1th of May, 1G91 ; but being
in Limerick, when that city was besieged by King William's
forces, and one of the hostages exchanged for the obs'^rvance of
the articles of surrender, bis outlawry was revers* :^, and he
was estored to his honours and estates, to both of which he
succeeded in 1714— when his elder brother Richard, third Earl
of W^stme^th, who hud necome one of the order of the Capu-
i'^arl. his
^t'ly to ex-
^liis time
1ear or a
I for five
ns regi-
Edward
it ; and
one's in-
of foot,
e's regi-
nd, for
t being
LLIA.AI'S
anco of
md he
lich he
rd Earl
' Capn-
LlNE 5—" ColmnhkUVs fair fmintain."
Columbkill was one of the early reformers of tho people of
this island from heathenism. His name is identified with the
history of Derry, from having founded a monastery there in
the year 545, at a time when th(^ purity of the religion pro-
fessed by the people of Ireland, and the rich fruits of love to
Clod and love to man, wdiich it i)roduced, had obtained for this
country throughout Euroj^e, the ap})"llatiun of the Island of
Saints. The Cathedral of Derry is. according to Sir James
Ware, of much later date than the monastery, which latter was
situated near where the Cassino now stands, where may be
seen the long tower belonging to it, of wdiich a print is to be
found in the 216th page of the memoir of the Kev. George
Vaughan Sampson's map of the county of Londonderry. On
Columbkill's cjuitting Derry for ■ cotland. he composed the fol-
lowing verse, as translated by Dr. Coyle, late Titular Bishop
of Raphoe, in his Collectanea Sacra : —
" My fragrant fiank and frvitful tree.'^ farevell,
Where pe7ifiive. mortals mix^d vnth awjeh dwell,
Here atujels shall enjoy my sa red cell,
My sloe, my nnt, mine apple, a)id my (tv/L"
This renowned ecclesiastic was born at (Jartin, in the county
of Donegal, in the year 521, where may be yet seen the ruinw
'h,-
r ' I
244
I
of the cha[)el in which he taught the pure principles of Christ-
ianity, with so much success, to thj Pagan natives. It is
beautifully situated on the bordeT-s of a romantic lake. See
Archbishop Usher's treatise of the religion of St. Patrick and
the ancient Irish.
In 597, the seat of the see of Deny was translated from Ard-
straw to Maghera.
In 783, the abbey and town of Derry were tlestroyed ])y an
accidental fire.
In 812 the Danes were driven from Derry, with incre-
dible slaughter, by Neil Calne, monarch of Ireland, the royal
ancestor of Earl O'Neil. In this memorable exploit, tin;
King of Ulster was aided by Alurchad, Prince of AilcaL'h.
the ruins of whose castle are yet visible between Derry ami
Fahan. It was one of the three great royal palaces of this
province, famed for its councils and convocations — it is noti^l
in the book of Howth, and in Dr. Coyle's Collectanea from the
former of which Mr. Sampson made the followmg curious ex-
tract : " Five of the greatest towns that were in ancient times
in Ireland, that is to say — Armagh, Deri Columbkill, Driim-
cloo, Kells, in Meath, and Foylemore.'
In 1158 the episcopal seat was removed from Maghera to
Derry.
Line 5 — " Lord Gormaiistown."
Jenico Preston. Premier, Viscount of Ireland, Colonel of the
9th regiment of King James's infantry. He was descended
from Sir R. De Preston, of Lancashire, who was knighted on
the field of battle by Lionel, Duke of Clarence, 13G5.
Line 7—" Lord Clare.''
Daniel O'Brien, of Carrigaholt, in the barony of Moyarta,
and county of Clare. This nobleman was one of the most
able and active supporters of King James If., of wUose privy
council he was sworn on the 28th of February, 1G84. He was
one of the Lords who sat in the Parliament held in Dublin,, on
the 7th of May, 1G89. He was also I^ord Lieutenant of the
County of Clare, and colonel of a regiment of horse which he
raised
formJ
Macd
,1am J
In
of til
year,!
rhe)
lilMt
)
i
245
«f Chri.st-
P«- It is
ike. 8f'ft
ti'ick and
rom Ard-
L'd
>y an
h incre-
he royal
loit, the
AilcaLdi.
erry antl
of this
IS noted
rom the
ious ex-
tit times
Driim-
hera to
il of the
seended
ited on
oyarta,
p most
■ privy
Be was
)Iin. on
of tlu-
icli he
raised at Carrigaholt, and which from the facing of their uni-
form, were called the dragoon huoyi^ (yeUow dragoons). John
Macnamara was the first Lieutenant-Colonel of this regiment,
James Phillips the second, and Francis Browne, Major.
In 1688, Lord Clare's dragoons were considered the flower
of the Irish army ; and when they were sent into Ulster this
year, the command of them was given to Sir James Cotter.
Tliey are thus noticed in the Armagh manuscript, sec. 13 : —
" The swift dragoons came next unto the ground.
And placed their standards as they storage found ;
My Lord (^'Hryitjj his dragoons did raise,
Upon the banks of Shannon, to whose praise,
Let future f.ges their great actions tell.
For thoy the Danes from Ireland did expel."
On the 26th of July, in this year, Lord Clare's dragoons
were encountered near Lisnaskea, in the county of Fermanagh,
by Captain Armstrong, with two troops of horse and two com-
panies of foot, who, making a feint to attack with his horse,
retired as if in disorder, till he drew the enemy into the ambuscade
ofhisfoot, which, by an unexpected volley, caused a great slaugh-
ter ; the horse, at the same time facing about, fell on with in-
credible force, and cut the greater part of this brave regiment to
pieces, very few escaping by flight, the terror and swiftness of
which gave rise to the following irony, to this day used among
the Munster Irish, in their legendary dialogues, " Coss, cons, a
(Jiwjoon hiioi/." (that is — stop, stop, yellow dragoon,) to which
one dragoon replies- - " not till we com.e to the bridge of Clare "
— and another — "not till we ride to the ford of Moyarta."
On the 11th of May, 1601, Lord Clare was outlawed ; and dy-
ing soon afterwards, his son Daniel, the fourth Viscount, went
into France w^th the unfortunate Monarch, and died there. The
second son of the third Viscount Clare, married Anne, daughter
of Henry Buckley, Esq., Master of the Household to King
James II., and fighting at the battle of Ramillies, on the 11th
oi May, 1706, received nine wounds, whereof he died, leaving
several children, the eldest of whom was Colonel of one of the
Irish regiments in the French service, bore the title of Lord
Clare, and died on the 20th of May, 1742, at Prague, in Bohe-
mia.
n ^
•8 l
'I:
/ ('
'!.'(*
Stanza IV. -Link 1 " Sars/ifM."
Patrick Sarsfield, a General in King James's army, whose
military skill and address made King William raise, th(; siege
of Limerick, and grant the celebrat(;d articles of that city. He
was one of the six persons to whoni the unfortunate Priiicc
granted peerages after his al)dication. His title was Baron of
Lucan, which, with the othervS, was disallowed ; but his brotlitr
William married Mary, natural daiighter of Charles II., and
sister of James, Duke of Monmouth, by whom he left an only
daughter, who married Agmondesham Vesey, Jlscj., of Lucan.
by whom she had a daughter, Anne, who marrying Sir John
Bingham, of Castlebar, had issue by him, Charles, first Earl of
Lucan, and ancestor of the present Earl, who is collaterally
descended from the hero of Limerick. The family had been
before ennobled under the title of Sarsfield Kilmallock, and Sir
Dominick Sarsfield, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, was
the first Baronet created in Ireland — date of his creation, Sep-
tember 29, IGll).
"Of all the gallant troops that crowded there,
None did so lirave as Sarsfield's horse appear ;
These he had rais'd upon the swift Liffy,
And out of Counaiight, wliere liis friends they be."
Aimayh MSS.—i^Sec. 12.— line 9, dr.
Stanza IV.— Line ?>.—'' PlunketC
This family had long flourished in Ireland, but suffered
heavily for its attachment to the Koman Catholic religion.
In 1404-, Edward Plunkett was attainted of high treason,
with the Earls of Desmond and Kildare. In 1641, Plunkett,
Earl of Fingal, and Lord Killeen, and Plunkett, Lord Louth,
forfeited their titles for having been concerned in the rebellion.
Oliver Plunkett, Titular Archbishop of Armagh, was hanged
at "Tyburn, on the ^st of July, 1681 : he was taken down be-
foie » ' W'-s di'ad, and according to the sentence, his bowels
were cu ."t anJ burned, his head cut off, and his body quar
tered. lAx^p^e, ir the first volume of his Peerage, rashly asserts,
th;i'' ii. urfoivunj^ne IVIa'^e had been deeply engaged in a
popi 'i! ;(», u\ !m laud, in lOTS and 1679 : but Bishop Burnett
:i
'2V>
.s
th(i siege
It city. H,.
t(^ Pritic
Baron oi'
liis bruthtT
s II.. aihl
ft an oiilv
of LiK'urj.
►Sir John
irst Earl of
collaterally
liad becii
;k, and Sir
r*Iea.s, was
ition, Sep-
ne 1), dr..
suffered
[?ion.
1 treason,
Plunkett,
d Louth,
rebellion.
) hanged
[own be-
5 bowels
dy quar-
y asserts,
^ed in a
Burnett
And other Protestant histoiians agree in acknovvledging his in-
nocence ; and Dr. Leland says, that he was condemned and ex-
ecuted for a plot, which he explicitly denied at his death, with
the most solemn disavowal of all equivocation, and which, if he
had confessed, no man acquainted with the circumstanc(!S of
Ireland, conld have credited his dying confession. He defended
himself with great ability at his trial, and his speech on the
scaffold, preserved in the State Trials, vol. lii. page 315, is one
of the finest and most affecting opeciraens of eloquence in the
English language.
Several of the witnesses against him were Franciscan I'riars,
Adverting to them, he thus spoke towards the conclusion of
his dying speech : " 1 have endeavoured, by preaching and
teaching, and by statutes according to my calling, to bring the
clergy of which 1 had care to a due comportment, according
to their calling ; yet some who 'ould not amend, had a })reju-
dice against me, and especially m/ accusers, to whom I endeav-
oured to do good, I mean the clergymen who !;wore against me ;
but you see how I am requited, and how by false oaths they
have brought me to this untimely death, which wicked act,
being a defect of persons, ought not to reflect upon the order
of St. Francis, or upon the Roman Catliolic clergy, it being
well known there was a Judas among the twelve Apostles, iv!id
a wicked man called Nicholas among the seven Deacons ; aiul
even as one of the said Deacons, to wit, holy Stephen, did pray
for those who stoned him to death, so do I for those who, wiUi
perjuries, spill my innocent blood, saying, as he did,—' Lo /,
lay not this sin to them.^ " Oliver Plunkett was highly c i-
nected in England and Ireland, but all did not avail him v v •
he fella victim to the angry temper of the times, and the pro-
fligacy of two or three nefarious priests, whose wicked ' ves
he had censured. He was grand-nephew of the first E;i!-1 of
Roscommon, ^and great-grandson of John, Lord Culpt ^h r, of
Thorsway, in England.
Stanza IV.— Line 5—" Trelagh:'—" Lord Dunganr
Tredagh was the old name of Drogheda. My authority her«
is the Armagh Maimscript, sec. xiii., line 7.
, !
\%i
•\p\
\ '
; \ '
; *
248
'* In County Louth Lord Duncan rais'd his men,
And from Tredagh, and County Dublin."
Lord Dungan, Colonel of James's Lst regiment of dragoons,
was a descendant of John Dungan, Esq., second Remembran-
cer of the Exchequer in the reign of Henry VI IL Sir Walter
Dungan, of Castleton Kildrought, Bart., married a daughter
of Robert Rochfort, of Killbride, Esq., who brought four arciiers
on horseback to the general hosting at Tara Hill, in 1593, for
the Barony of Navan. Sir Walter Dungan, of Castletown, in
the County of Kildare, in 1633, gave his eldest daughter in
marriage to Thomas Barnewall, of Robertstown, in the County
of Meath, who died on the 25th December, 1683. There is no
record of the extinction or forfeiture of this title in Debrett's
Peerage.
Stanza IV. — Line 7 — " Tyrconnel." — *' Fitzgerald's Land''
The Duke of Tyrconnel was Colonel of the first regiment
of horse in this army. The celebrated Sheldon was Lieutenant-
Colonel of it, which is thus noticed in the Armagh MSS. : —
"Next to those Tyrconnel's royal regiment came,
Who from Maynooth obtain'd a mighty name,
Tho' they were of another corps of old.
But in Kildare great Talbot's praise is told. "
Stanza IV.— Line 8—" Luttrell"
The Luttrells have been long settled in Ireland ; Sir Gregory
Luttrell obtained a grant from King John to the castle and es-
tate of Luttrellstown, in the County of Dublin. The other
proprietors of the soil in this county, at the commencement of
the seventeenth century, were, arc^ rding to the rare and curious
map of Ortelius Taylor, St. Lawrence, Talbot, White, Sarsfield,
Allen, Rice, Hussey, Rochfort, Dease, Harold, and Wolverston.
There were two officers of this name at the siege of Derry,
viz. : — Henry, Colonel of the 6th regiment of horse ; and Simon.
Colonel of the 4th regiment of dragoons. Simon was Gov-
ernor of Dublin, and by him was the celebrated proclamation
IK
P
249
dragoons,
nembran-
ir Walter
(langliter
ir archers
1593, for
3tovvn, in
lighter in
16 County
lere is no
Debrett's
issued on the I8th of June, 160O, forbidding more than tivo
Protectants to meet in any place, upon pain of death.
One of these officers fell under heavy imputations from his
own party at the siege of Limerick, where to this day a treach-
erous man is called " a Luttrell."
" In King and Queen's County, brave Luttroll rais'd
His regiment, which was for valour prais'd."
Armagh MSS.
Stanza V. — Line 1 — " Young Talbot travelled."
Lieutenant-Colonel Talbot, brother of the Earl of Tyrconnel,
was taken prisoner at the Windmill, on the 6th of May, 1G80.
i's Land."
regiment
eutenant-
SS. :—
le.
Stanza V.— Line 1—'' PurcelV
Sir Nicholas Purcell, Colonel of the 8th regimeat of horse.
His family is of great antiquity and respectability in *i>e south
of Ireland. Sir Hugh Purcell, Knight, married Beatrix, daugh-
ter of Theobald Butler, who attended KingHenry II. into France,
and died in the year 1206. James Purcell was titular Baron
of Loughmore, in 1670, and grand-nephew of James, first
Duke of Ormond.
it
In Tipperary Purcell rais'd his men,
Who in brave order rode into the plain,"
Gregory
i and es-
le other
ment of
i curious
arsfield,
verston.
■ Derry,
d Simon,
vas Gov-
amation
Stanza V. — Line 3— " Wauckype. and Buchan."
Francis Wauchope was a Scottish gentleman, to whom Tyr
connelgave a Lieutenant-Colonel's commission in Lord Ireagli'.s
regiment of foot, in which Brian Magennis was first Lieuten-
ant-Colonel.
James, Earl of Buchan, was a nobleman much in favour with
King Charles IL, to whom he was Gentleman of the Bedcham-
ber. He was one of those noblemen who accompanied James
into Ireland, and who, we are told by Archbishop King, deeply
regretted their having done so.
18
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Stanza V.- -JjLni: 5- '• JJublins Mayor."
Sir Michael Oeagh, Lord Mayor of Dublin, Payniaster-gen-
oral of the army, and Colonel of the 33rd regiment of foot. Jolm
Power was his Lieutenant-Colonel, and Theobald Burke,
Major.
*' Sir Michael Oreagh did the Boom command,
To atop all succours i ora the neighb'ring land.
The Boom was made of great long oaken beams,
Together join'd witli iron o'er the streaias,
On top of which a mighty cable ran
Across the lough, thro' staples of iron.
The Boom on either side was fastened
With across beam, in a rock mortised.
In breadiii, the river half a mile or more,
This floating boom did reach from shore to shore. "
Armagh MSS., Sec 13, line 7, (('r.
II
I'it
Stanza V. -Line 6 — " Lord Galmoy."
Pie/ce Butler, Lord Galmoy, some of whose perfidy and
cruelty will be detailed in the Diary. Oldmixon said of him,
in his memoirs of Ireland, that he was an infamous wretch,
M'hom no titles could honour. He commanded the second re^
5!
Council. Queen Elizahctli cuntinucl liini in his office ; on the
9th of .January, 1563, she appointed him to be Chief Justice
of the Common Pleas; and on the 2nd of May, 1509, in reward
of his eminent services, granted him the monastery of Abhey-
shrule, and other lands in the Ccunty of Lon<^ford. He is the
ancestor of iiord Viscount Dillon's family, and of the Dillons
(.•f Ballymulvey, Ballymahon, and Waltcrstown. One of his
daughters was married to Sir Tliomas Dillon, of Drumraney.
and Ids eldest son, Sir Lucas Dillon, a Privy Counsellor and
Chief Paron of the Kxchequer, was the father of Sir dames Dil-
lon, first Earl of Jioscommon, and the maternal grandfather
of the unfortunate Oliver Plunkctt already mtutioned. On the
21ind duly, l<)4r2, Sir James J)illon, of Pally mulvey, in the
County of Longford, was expelled from the House of Commons,
for Ix'ing concerned in the rebellion of the preceding year, and
his lands, including the castle, town, and estate of liallymalion,
became forfeited to the Crown. Lord Dillon's branch of this
ancient family escaped forfeiture. Date of the creation, 1021.
Dillon's regiment went to France after tlu; surrender of Lim-
♦^rick, and formed part of the Irish Brigade.
rss.
|torney-
?crauey
|bruary,
Dillon
Privy
Stanza VI.— Link 1—" Parker:'
John Parker, Colonel of the 7th reiriment of horse.
^' Next him came vfdiant Parker with his men,
On stately j^eldings, prancing o'er the plain ;
Those he at Kells and ('avan cpiickly raia'd.
Then Tara, County Sleuth, him greatly i)rais'd."
AniuKjh MiSiS.
John Parker, Master of the Uolls, was appointed with Sir
Thomas Nugent, and others, an Ecclesiastical Commissioner for
the reformation of religion, within the County of Westmeath,
on the 23rd of May, 15GI.
S'JANZA VI. — Link 3-
(yiiciiiyr
Edmund Keiliy was Colonel ol' the 42nd regiment of foot,
and Phillip Pveilly Lieutenant-Colonel of the 28th regiment of
foot, commanded by Cohmel Arthur M'Mahon. Hugh Ma-
\
'h I:
252
<,'onni« w,i« Major of tluK rof^qmcnt. Tlic pr()|)ri(>tf)rs <>f land
in the Coiiuty* of Cavaii, in I '):)<>, were Hamilton. O'licilly,
O'Cun-ic, 0'lira.
In 1 500, Sir Coniers ( lifi'ord, Governor oi' ( Vninauj^'ht, joined
his forces to those of O'Connor, Sli,u(», and O'Maley, and they
expelled O'l )onnell, of Tyrconnel, and his predatory forces,
from that proA'ince.
Stanza VL- Link 8—" Coitrclir
" The last dragoons that came into the phiin,
Were Cohmel Cottrell's, all brave lusty men."
Anmujh MSS.
Stanza Vl. — Lfnh 8—" C/nimirtj/."
Donough, p]arl of Clancarty, Colonel of the 4th regiment of foot.
" Near C^ork, Clancarty raised his regiment,
Who skj}>\l and danced all the way they went ;
In ancient tines their ancestors were kings
O'er all the country, which Lis praises rings."
On King James s arrival at Kinsale, he was received and en-
tertained by the Earl of Clancarty, whom he m;ule one of the
Lords of his Bedchamber. This nobleman's regiment was, on
the same occasion, made a Koval one, and embodied witii the
(iiiards. He was the descendant and n presentative of ]\Iae-
Cartymore, who had snrreridered his estate to C()ueen Elizabeth,
anl a servant
who was as <^oo»l a man as lie ; that t"<>r his own part, he did
not n'«;ard so mean a titlt; as that of an Karl ; that his hlood
and power were hetti-r than' those of the hrst, and, tluTefore,
he would ;;ive placf to none of them , that liis ancestors were
kings of Ulsfvr, and tliat, as they had won it hy ilic swoi'd.
they would keep it hy the sword, in ioOT, MaeC'artyiuore,
heing encouiaged hy O'Neill's rehellion in tin; North, dopised
his new title of Karl of Clancarty, ai I assumed tiiat of King
of Munster, and hroke into rehellion with O'SuUivanmore,
MacSwiney, and otiu-rs,
Duiiougli Ma('( 'artymore, Karl (»f Clancarty, ami \'isconnt
Valentia, forfeite*! these titles in iO'J I , The ]»roj)i'ietors of the
county of Cork, in ir>l)l», were .dacCarty, ( J'Maliown, O'SuUivan-
more, O'Sullivanhear, O'Donovan. IJarry, O'Mahony, O'Driscol,
Mac(-'artyreagh, Ohea, O'lvearny. I)e C 'urcy, (ralway, Boyle,
0'r)allv, 0'Hi(jrdan, O'Crowly, O'l^eary, liarry, Waters, Sars-
tield. Archdeacon, Stark[iole, Skiddy, Fitzgei'ald, Gold, Carew,
0'L\on, Nagle, r)'(Aillaghan, O'llely, O'Heunessy, liarrat,
Coppinger, ajul O'Falvey.
Stanza VII. —Link 3—" MwMahonr
Arthur MacMahon, Colonel of King .lames's 2Sth regim«>nt
of foot, liugh MacMahon was Colontd of the -tUth regiment
of foot in this army ; Owen MacMahon, Iii(!Uteiant-Colonel ;
and Christopher Pluukett, Major. In 1")'.J!), the wh(de of the
county of Monaghan was the property of the MacMah(jns,
under the denominaticnis of Monaghan, Org' il, and Dartyr,
Ijut auKjng the imiuisinons preserved in the Iv ills Otfice, many
are to he found respecting the Mackeunas in that county, he-
tween 1621 and I'itl.
Lord Dacre, a divscendaut of the nohleman mentioned in
King Edward Vlth's Journal, as Lord Warden of the English
Marches, L')r)0, obtained a grant of the Clones division of the
MacMahoirs' lands in the county of Monaghan, whei . and in
the neighbouring parts of Fermanagh, a strong bord(;r colony
was settled, consisting of families of the name of Noble, Arm-
strong, Forster, and Graham,
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Stanza VII. — Line 5 — " Hagam."
'' From Antrim the Macdonnel's num'rous race,
From Glen wood the O'Hagans came apace."
The proprietors of soil in the county of Londonderry, at tlic
close of the sixteenth century, were O'Cahan, O'Conner,
O'Donal, O'Neill, Hamilton, O'Murray, O'Hagan. Hugh
O'Hagan was one of the Burgesses of the Corporation of Lon-
denderry, according to King James's appointment.
Stanza VII. — Line 7 — " Gallaghers."
This was an ancient and numerous sept in Tyrconnel or
Donegal, the proprietors of which county, in the early part of
Queen Elizabeth's reign, were O'Dogherty, MacS weeny- Fanad,
M'Sweeny-Natua, MacWard, MacConney, O'Gallagher, and
O'Clery. They were all, of course, at this time, on the tip-toe
of expectation to have the Acts of Settlement and Explana-
tion repealed, by which, and the Act of Attainder, which passed
in the Parliament]held in Dublin, on the 7th of May, in this year,
they would have been restored to their estates, had James been
victorious. They would, however, have lost as much in liborty
as they could have gained in land ; and many of the descend-
ants of those who had forfeited their estates, had even then re-
acquired property under Protestant titles.
Stanza VIII. — Line 1 — •' Belleiv left Duleek."
Walter, second Lord Bellew, Colonel of the 12th regiment of foot.
" About Dunkalk, Lord Bellew rais'd another,
And led them to the camp in gallant order."
Armagh MSS.
His SOD Richard, third Lord Bellew, being a Captain in the
Earl of Limerick's dragoons, was outlawed and attainted for his
service to King James 11. , but being comprehended within the
articles of Limerick, and conforming to the true religion esta-
blished amongst us, his outlawry, and that of his father, were
reversed, and he took his seat in the House of Peers, on the
7th of July, 1707. His sister was the wife of Dennis Kelly,
255
of Aghran, in the county of Gal way, Esq., who was long a
state prisoner in the Tower of London. This is a very ancient
family, of Norman extraction, and has been settled at Duleek
since the reign of King Edward III.
When the Earl of Tyrconnel came into Ireland as Lord
Lieutenant, being desirous to have more of the Irish advanced
to titles of honour than formerly had been, he consulted with
Lord Bellew, among others, what persons in the county of
Louth Wire fit to be created Knights or Baronets, when his
lordship named Sir Patrick Bellew, as a person whom he
thought proper to be made a Baronet ; and intending about
that time to go to England, Tyrconnel wrote by him to the
Secretary of State, to make out a warrant for that honour,
which bears date at Whitehall, 25th April, 1687.
u
•1 t\
Stanza VIII.
-Lines 3 and 5 — " Fagan of Filtrim with
Fingal. — Lord Strabane."
" Next unto them my Lord Strabane did prance,
Fagan of Filtrim did his hcrae advance,
His father's friends had him forsaken all.
Then for assistance he fled to Fingal."
Armagh MSS.
Richard Fagan, eldest son of Christopher Fagan, of Filtrim,
in the county of Dublin, Esq., was brother of Elizabeth, wife
of George Hamilton, fourth Lord Strabane, brother, and next
successor, of James Hamilton, the third Lord Strabane, whose
short but sad history may not be deemed irrelevant to the
purpose of these notes. He was seized in fee of the manor of
Strabane, the middle proportion of Shean, and of many other
lands in the county of Tyrone, as appears by inquisitions pre-
served ia the Record Tower of Dublin Castle : all these he for-
feited by entering into rebellion against the English at Charle-
mont, in the county of Armagh, on the 20th of July, 1650,
where he joined with his unfortunate stepfather, Sir Phelim
O'Neill, who then held that fort against Sir Charles Coote,
Commander-in Chief of the Parliamentary forces in Ulster.
On the repulse of the Irish there, Lord Strabane fled to the
woods and bogs of Munterlony, where he was taken prisoner
on the 6th of August, by a party of the Commonwealth's
i'l
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army. On the 13th of the same month, he took a protection
from Sir Charles Coote, which he forfeited on the 30th of
December ensuing, by joining again with Sir Phelira O'Neill,
in the island of Drumurragh; and on the first of July, 1649,
he accepted a commission to raise a troop of horse in behalf of
the Irish, with whom he afterwards acted in concert— frequently
joined counsels with them, and died a Roman Catholic recusant,
on the 16th of June, 1655, at Ballyfatten, near Strab.ine. One
would think that this unhappy nobleman had but little induce-
ment to join with Sir Phelim O'Neill, from the usage his lord-
ship's mother (daughter of George, first Marquis of Huntlej')
had received from this ferocious chieftain. This lady was the
widow of Claud Hamilton, Lord Strabane, who died on the
14th of June, 1638, and was buried in the church of Leck-
patrick, in the county of Tyrone. On the death of her lord,
she expended above a thousand pounds in building the castle,
court-yard, and garden walls about the castle of Strabane, pre-
mises now occupied by Messrs. Graham, Hughes, Brodie, &c.
On the breaking out of the rebellion the greater part of these
buildings were demolished, the furniture in the castle destroyed,
and the town of Strabane burned to the ground. In the same
month of that year, this lady was taken prisoner by Sir Phelim
O'Neill, who was then paying his addresses to her fadyship,
very warmly, it must be acknowledged. He carried her away
from the rooms of Strabane, to his own house at Kinard, where
he kept her two or three days, and then sent her to Sir George
Hamilton, telling her that he would never leave off the work he
had begun, until mass should be sung or said in every church in
Ireland, and that a Protestant should not live in it, be he of
what nation he would. Thus disgraced and insulted by him,
she could do no better than become his wife, and was reduced
to so indigent and deplorable a condition, tliat, in 1656, she
was glad to accept of five pounds from the government towards
her relief from starvatipn : happy had it been for her to have
been buried in Leckpatrick with her noble husband, eighteen
years before that consummation of her misery.
Sir William Stewart, of Fort-Stewart, near Ramelton, in
in the county of Donegal, routed Sir Phelim O'Neill near Stra-
bane, where he was going to burn the town of Raphoe : and
again upon the mountains of Barnesmore, on the sixteenth of
detection
! 30th of
O'Neill,
ly, 1649,
jehalf of
equently
recusant,
le. One
e induce-
his lord-
Huntley)
' was the
1 on the
of Leck-
her lord,
he castle,
ane, pre-
odie, cV:c.
, of these
estroyed,
the same
r Phelim
Padyship,
ler away
d, where
r George
work he
hurch in
be he of
by him,
reduced
656, she
towards
to have
eighteen
slton, in
ar Stra-
96: and
eenth of
257
June, 1642, defeated him and his numerous forces, with the
slaughter of 500 men, a great number of the Irish being
wounded and taken prisoners on the field.
Claude Hamilton, the fifth Lord Strabane, and fourth Earl
of Abercorn, attended King James 11. from France into Ire-
land, where he was made a Privy Counsellor on his arrival in
Dublin, and appointed to the command of the 5th regiment of
horse. He attended the king into the north, in order to reduce
Londonderry, and when near that city, was sent with a party
from the army, to persuade the citizens to surrender the place,
which they utterly refused; and making a sally, some time
after, his lordship's horse was killed under him, and he very
narrowly escaped, leaving his cloak and furniture behind him.
See Lodge's Peerage, vol. iii, page 151, for these and many
other particulars respecting the noble family of Hamilton.
The sally-port was in the south side of the town-wall, and
from it to the communion-table in the cathedral there was a
direct passage, (a covered way leading under the wall to the
church yard), so that the self-devoted christian heroes often
rushed out upon the enemy immediately after they received
the Holy Sacrament of the Lord's Supper. This is one of the
ways in which their undaunted courage and heroic achieve-
ments may be accounted for. After the defeat at the Boyne,
the Earl of Abercorn embarked for France, but was killed on
his passage ; he was outlawed, and forfeited his estate and title
of Strabane, but the Earldom of Abercorn devolving on his bro-
ther Charles, the outlawry and attainde? were both reversed.
Richard Hamilton, Brigadier-General in King James's army, and
Colonel of a regiment of horse, with tho pay of £597 per an-
num, acted for the king in the north of Ireland, and afterv/ards
tied with him into France, where he died ; and his brother
John, a Colonel in the same army, was killed at the battle of
Aughrim. These gentlemen were younger brothers of Sir
George Hamilton, of Donnelong, in the county of Tyrone,
Knight, and were the sons of Sir George Hamilton, a gallant
officer, who performed good service in Ireland for King
Charles I., being a captain of horse, colonel of foot, and governor
of the town and castle of Nenagh, in the county of Tipperary.
His lady, who was the mother of the officers in King James's
army, was Mary, third sister of the first Duke of Ormonde,
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268
by whom he had six sons and three daughters. On the 7th of
February, 1631, Sir George Hamilton obtained a patent from
government, to hold a Thursday market and a yearly fair on
the 25th of April, at Clogher, and a fair on the 2l8t of Octo-
ber, at Ballymagarry, now called Bally magory, in the county
of Tyrone. On the 23rd of July, 1639, he had a grant upon
the Commission of Grace, of the manor of Strabane ; and on
25th of June, in that year, another patent of the great pro-
portion of Donnelong ; and in the Act of Settlement it was
provided, that nothing therein contained should forfeit or vest
in the king any honours, manors, or estates whatsoever belong-
ing to him on the 23rd of October, 1641.
Stanza IX. — Line 2—" BagnelVs f(yrces"
Dudley Bagnell, or Bagnall, Colonel of the 30th regiment of
foot, of which Richard James Power was Lieutenant-Colonel.
By a literal error in the substitution of a " w " for an " n " in
Sampson's copy of Neville's map of the Siege of Londonderry,
the honour of this command has been transferred to a distin-
guished Protestant family, and in the same map. Lord Galway
occupies the position of Lord Galmoy. These are, however,
the blunders of a printer's devil — such as have rendered the
beautiful play of the Battle of Aughrim nearly unintelligible ;
but they demonstrate the use of such efforts as this humble
one, to preserve the history of our country from confusion and
error.
Stanza IX. — Line 3 — " Fitzgerald's on the Chapel Hill."
Nicholas Fitzgerald, first Lieutenant-Colonel of Lord Bellew's
regiment of foot.
Stanza IX.— Line 5 — " The Batteries of Culmore Fort"
Culmore was surrendered to King James by deputies sent to
him for that purpose to Strabane, on the 20th of April, 1689.
In Captain Neville's map of the siege, the land side of the fort
ia represented as having been protected by sod works.
u
25tf
Stanza X.— Link 2—" Lord Louih"
Matthew Plunket, seventh Lord Louth, Colonel of the 21st
regiment of foot. He was outlawed in 1689, and died in that
year.
Stanza X.--Line 3—" Lord Slane."
Fleming, Lord Slane, Colonel of the 14th regiment of horse,
of which Maurice O'fconnel was Lieutenant-Colonel.
Stanza XL — Line 1 — " Clancarty — Brookk
t »>
See note on Stanza 7, Line 1. Brookhall, now tho delight-
ful residence of the Right Honourable Sir G. F. Hill, Baronet,
&c., &c.
Stanza XL— Line 3~" O'NeiWs dragoms."
Sir Neil O'Neill was Colonel of the 2d regiment of dragoons.
Gordon O'Neill, Colonel of the 31st regiment of foot, and son
of Sir Phelim O'Neill, was also serving in the Irish army at this
siege. He had been an inhabitant of Derr}', where his wife,
Mildred, who was a member of the Established Church, died,
and was buried on the 19th of December, 1686. He was one
of the burgesses which Tyrconnel had elected for the borough of
Strabane, of which there is the following angry note in Mr.
Douglas's list of the members of that corporation in 1689 : Gor-
don O'Neill, son of Sir Phelim O'Neill, the great rebel who was
hanged : he burned Strabare in 1641."
" Gordon O'Neill came next with heart and hand,
To fight for James against his native land ;
Moat of his foot he raised in Tyrone,
O'Cane, his nephew, join'd some of his own.
Gordon O'Neill is that dire traitor's son,
Who raised the great rebellion in Tyrone."
Armagh MS8.
Stanza XI. — I .ne 5 — " Kilkenny Butler"
Edward Butler, Colonel of the 27th regiment of foot, v/hose
station at tlie boom, on the west side of the Foyle, near Charles
fort, is marked ou Captain Neville's map of the siege.
''''ii
m
■'■>'%
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260
Captain Kicliard Butler, fifth Viscount Mountgarrot, an
officer in tht; French service, led the forlorn hope a<^ain.st tlic
city of Londonderry, on the 4th of July, 1689, when he wa.^
takeii prisoner ; lie was a captain of horse. On the 28th of
October, 1G92, this nobleman laid claiii to his seat in Pailia
ment, and took the oath of allegiance, but being ^'equired to
take the oath of supremacy, and make and subsv.iVe the de-
claration according to Act of Parliament, he refused to do .so,
declaring that it was not agreeable to his conscience ; wlieie-
upon the Lord Chancellor ac<]uainted him, that he knew the
consequence of his refusal was, that he could not sit in that
House ; and on the 19th October, in the same year, the LuvtU
came to a resolution, that those Lords whose ancestors stood
outlawed, should not have privilege to sit in that House, l)ut
should be struck off the roll. This order was rigidly eufoicud,
and Lord Mountgarret was excluded from the House of PeiMh
on account of his religion. The next successor, who niarriiil
the daughter of Mr. Buchanan, of Londonderry, was also ex
eluded ; but Richard Butler, seventh Viscount Mountgarn^t.
conformed to the Established Church, and took his seat in Tar
liament on the 7th of October, 1735. Edward, the ninth Vis-
count, also conformed to the Protestant Church, and on the
7th November, 174G, between which period and 1778, multi
tudes of all ranks and conditions in Ireland forsook the com-
munion of the Church of Rome.
Stanza XU. — Line 1 — " Cavemgh."
Charles Cavenagh, Colonel of the 16th regiment of horse, of
which James Lacy was Lieutenant-Colonel, and Gros Pordeva-
rando. Major. Neville stations this regiment at the small
brook called Craggin. They were raised in that part of Wick
low called the Land of the Byrnes, Tooles, and Cavenaghs.
The other proprietors of that county, in 1599, were Walsh,
Eustace, Gavan, Cook, Brown, and Eagnal.
'* Great Cavanagh raised a noble regiment,
With which from Gary to the camp he went."
Armagh MSS.
Ji
am
iitgarrct, an
against tln'
tvhon he was
the 28th of
at in Parlia
required to
.i^^e the do-
sed to do so,
mce ; where-
he knew tlie
)t sit in that
ir, the L()r<(s
ceticors stood
House, hut
.dly enforciMl.
ouse of I'eer.s
who married
was also v\-
Mountgarrct.
is seat in I'ai
,he ninth Yis-
, and on the
. 1778, muUi
;ook the coni-
nt of horse, ot
3rros Pordeva-
at the small
part of Wick
id Cavenaghs.
were Walsli,
snt,
I went."
lagh MSSm
201
Stanza XII.— Line ^—*' Fair Frehen.''
Now the seat of Colonel Knox, on the south side of the Foyle.
Stanza XIII.-Line \— ''Trough."
A barony in the county of Monaghan, in which the seat of
M'Kcnna still exists, and whore that family was once very nu-
merous and powerful. Among the inquisitions preserved in the
Rolls Office, are the following : —
Three inquisitions held for Patrick M'Kenna, June 10th,
1025, in Monaghan.
For Art. M'Kenna, October 25th, 1627.
For Phelimenes MacGilhdufFe M'Manus M'Kenna, April
I7th, 1629.
For Neal MacTwoll M'Kenna Buoy, Oct. 2nd, 1629, &c., &c.,
tfcc.
A strong colony of these M'Kennas settled at a very remote
period in and about the Braeface, near Maghera, in the county
of Derry, where their descendants are now very numerous.
Stanza XIIL— Line 4 — " Bradleijs.'*
This was the original sept of the barony of Loughinshollen,
in the county of Londonderry. Maghera na Brallaghan was,
on this account, the name of the principal town in it, when the
see of Derry was removed from Ardstraw to that place. The
cathedral was dedicated to St. Laurochus, and his festival kept
on the 14th of Feb. ; this, with the greatest part of the 187
holidays kept by the Irish, in the days of Sir William Petty,
has been wisely given up ; for, with 52 Sundays, they would
leave only 126 working days in the year, a portion of time much
too small for agricultural purposes. The principal well at Mag-
hera is called Tubber Loury, in honour of St. Laurochus, and at
the present day is brewed into the best beer to be found in the
province of Ulster.
Stanza XIII. — Line 5 — " Fnm Longford far to the field of war
O'FarreVs forces wander d.''
R^)ger and Robert O'Farrel, Esqrs., were members in King
James's Parliament, for the county of Longford, where, after
,>•■•■
1' ^-
I .11
ti
■■■.
:'■ :'
'^■vS
M
If I
262
' 1 1
i <
escaping, by their loyalty in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, all
manners of forfeiture, they lost their possession in the tract ol
fine lands called Anally, for having been concerned in the re
bellion and massacre of 1641 ; they weredividetl
on the North- West Circuit of Ulster. He once humourously
applied to be admitted as a member of that most select and
highly honourable Society, called the Prentice Boys of Dfkhy,
which celebrates the Shutting of the Gates of that city, in 1G88,
by an annual dinner in Dublin, on the 7th of December (O.S.)
A fundamental rule of the Society is, that every candidate for
admission must prove himself to be a descendant of a defender
of the Maiden City ; this being observed to Mr. 0'Farr(d, he
replied, that it was not reasonable to exclude him from the So-
ciety upon that disqualification, for his gallant ancestor, though
not in Derry on that occasion, was very near it, and had dcme
his best to gain admission.
The Rev. Andrew Hamilton, in his narrative of the actions
of the Enniskillen men, relatejs an instance of the superstitious
and cruel conduct of a part of the Irish before Derry, which he
witnessed, on Thursday, the 25th of April, 1689, in company
with Lieutenant-Colonel Farrel, and two of the Nugents of Cool-
amber, in the county of Longford : — From the adherence of
the Abercorn family to James, the Hamiltons, though many of
them were of the opposite party, were a kind of privileged per
sons, with respect to both, and this tended very much to soften
the horrors of this war, and protect many Protestant fomilies
from utter ruin. Archdeacon Hamilton, who had married an
heiress of the Cunninghams, of Manor-Cunningham, resided at
that time in Mongevelin Castle {erroneously spelled Mount Gravi'
lirif in one of the Diaries of the Siege), on the Dongeal side of the
river, near St. Johnstown ; the unfortunate Monarch wj's his
guest for two or three nights, and tradition says, that he \\6<'d
his influence for the most benevolent purposes. Mr. Hamilton,
accompanied by Mr. Anthony Dobbin, a Justice of the Peace.
;. *
\\>
I •
2«3
izabeth, all
:,he tract of
i in the re-
lO two gH^'lt
still heredi-
arrel Ban is
ly as some
I
1
I
f ;
i!
Mr I
I
[ i
!i I
I i
\i']i'
2(A
of the moal falling upon horso dung, the poor starving woman
came and was gathering it up. An Irish soldier observing \wr,
called out that there was a witch gathering th(ur hors(^ dung,
to bewitch their horses, that the men of Derry might get the
better of them, upon which the soldiers gathered round lier,
and brought her to that tragical end. So closely connected
are superstition and cruelty together in all parts and ages of the
world.
h '
.'■ «•
Stanza XIV. — Link 1 — " Bryan O'Neill of Ballynascreen
Jironghsliane, O'Rourke," dc.
This was an humble branch of the noble house of O'Neill.
It had fallen so low, from the consequence of rebellion in a
former reign, that the Armagh poet mentions them in the fol-
lowing disrespectful manner, on their being brought into the
Corporation of Londonderry, after Tyrconnel had broken its
charter :—
'' In this great hall the City records be,
'Mongst which of Common Council a decree,
That no Papist shall dwell within the walls.
This statute U> the Irish fury falls.
For Talbot had their ancient charter broke,
And all the English Customs did revoke.
The learned Rochfort, Recorder of the town,
Opposed the same, to his great renown ;
Yet in spite of reason and the English laws,
Talbot the charter from the city draws ;
Turn'd out all the English corporation.
And chose all Popish members of his own,
Cormick O'Neal, of Broughshanes, chosen Mayor,
For Aldermen some of the following are :
Bryan O'Neal, of Ballynascreen, is chose.
Whose fathers did the English troops oppose
Tn Queen Eliza's reign, most barbarously.
And Rore O'Cane, the Lord of Canes's country.
The great O'Rourke is made an Alderman,
Who afterwards a Colonel's place did gain.
Then Shane O'Neal, Con Baccagh's eldest son, ")
M'Conways and MacAnallies from Tyrone, >
And the O'Dougherties from Innishow'n. )
For burgesses and freemen they had chose
Brogue-makers, butchers, raps, and such as those.
In all the corporation not a man
Of British parents, except Buchanan." Armagh Mt^i^.
on;;
56;
ZOD
ng woman
rviiig her,
)rs(! dung,
lit get the
ound h<;r,
connected
[iges of tlu»
llynascreen
of O'Neill.
;llion in a
in thf5 fol-
it into tho
broken its
ror,
se.
,agh MSt>^
There was good reason ft)r Buclunuin being put into tlie Cor-
poration, or retained in it, when it was new-modelled by Tyr-
connel. This man was a Confederate with Lundy, and [ileaded
strongly for the admission of the P^arl of Antrim's regiment.
This circumstance, witii the spirited replies of Gervais S(|uin!
and Lieutenant Oampsie, has escaped oblivion, by means of tho
Armagh bard, who thus records them, (sec. iv.) : —
** At the great hall the Protestants convono,
And freely speak their minds as may bo suon.
Alderman Tomkins waa tho first that spoke.
And thus declaitu'd against tho Irish yoke :—
* Dear friends — Tyrcoimel seeks us to enslave.
And this strong city in his power liavo,
But if your minds shall all with mine agree.
We'll trust to England for our liberty.'
Up starts Buchanan, and thus boldly spoke —
* Take heart, good Sir, iio'or fear the Irish yoke.
Receive Earl of Antrim's regiment.
In peace and plenty rest yourself content.'
Alderman Gervais Squire gave this reply —
* Sir, you're a traitor to our liberty.
And to the English Crown, from whence we draw
Our right and title, charter and our law.'
While they debated thus, another came
With weeping eyes, and thus accosted them —
* Dear friends, a war upon yourselves you'll bring,
Talbot's deputed by a lawful King : —
They that resist his pow'r do God withstand.
You'll draw a potent army to this land,
Who will these goodly buildings soon deface.
Ravish your wives and daughters to your face,
And all vour wealth and substance soon devour —
Submit yourselves unto the present power.
'Gainst whom Lieutenant Campsie boldly stood,
To save the city with his dearest blood,
And for an answer to the regiment,
In greatest haste a cannon ball he sent.
But the Lieutenant was shot in the arm,
As they the sentinel at the store disarm. " drmagh MSS.
This John Buchanan was an Alderman, and the same rank
was held by Peter Manby, who had been Dean of Derry, but
in 1686 renounced the Protestant religion. He had solicited
the Primate for a Bishopric, and being disappointed, resolved
19
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I.
i;
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1
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26G
' 1'
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r ii
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i^{i
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to rise by the Popish ir'terest — " Fledere si neqiieo superos Aclie-
rontamovehoy He then published an apology, entitled, " The
considerations which obliged him to embrace the Catholic reli-
gion." This book, though written without method or connec
tion, and through every page in it showed that the author was
not acquainted with close thinking or reasoning, yet was much
boasted of by the Popish party as an extraordinary per-
formance. The Rev. William King, then Chancellor of St.
Patrick's Cathedral, and afterwards successively Bishop of
Derry and Archbishop of Dublin, took Manby's book to pieces,
in a reply to it, which he published in London, in which he
gave such solid answers to every argument, as were not to be
confuted. Walter Harris, in his Biography of the Irish
Bishops, says : — " It is a treatise written with great spirit and
force of reasoning, and at a time when Popery was in power,
the Protestant religion in danger, and the defenders of it not
safe from persecution." The members of the Corporation of
Londonderry, according to King James's appointment, were : —
Cormick O'Neill, Mayor. Horace Kennedy and Edward
Brookes, Sheriffs Cabaragh M'Guire, Gordon O'Neill, then
resident in Derry ; Constantine O'Neill, i Constance O'Neill,
Manus O'Donnel , Peter Manby, Anthony Dobbin, John Campsie,
Dan O'Dougherty, William Hamilton, Roger O'Cahan, Daniel
O'Donnel, Nicholas Burnside, Daniel O'Sheill, Roger O'Douhger-
ty Bryan O'Neill, and John Buchanan, Aldermen. Francis
O'Cahan, Robert Butler, Cornelius O'Callaghan, Thomas Mon-
crief, Hugh O'Hagan, John M'Kinney, J ohn Campsie, Henry
Campsie, James Lenox, John O'Hagan, William Stanley, James
Connor, Hugh Eady, John Donough, Alexander Gordon, John
Crookshanks, Phelim M'Shaglin, John O'Lynaghan, Art.
O'Hagan, Charles O'Sheill, Johnlius O'Mullan, John Sheridan,
James Sheridan, Con. O'Rourke, Dominick Buoy M'Laughlin,
John Nugent, William O'Boy, John O'Boy, William O'Sullivan,
Dionysius M'Laughlin, Manus O'Cahan, Hugh M'Laughlin,
Hugh More O'Dogherty, Ulick O'Hogurty, Henry Ash, Thomas
Broome, Peter M'Peke, Henry Dougherty, Robert Shenan,
Cornelius M'Grath, and Art. O'Hagan, Burgesses.
THE CORPORATION OF STRABANE consisted of-
John O'Neill, commonly called Shane MacCon Baccagh O'Neill,
%
peros Ache-
tied, "The
itholic reli-
or connec
aiithor was
i was much
inary per-
ellor of St.
Bishop oi'
k to pieces,
1 which he
e not to be
the Irish
t spirit and
,s in power,
rs of it not
rporation of
nt, were : —
nd Edward
'Neill, then
ice O'Neill,
hn Campsie,
han, Daniel
O'Douhger-
en. Francis
lomas Mon-
psie, Henry
,nley, James
)rdon, John
ghan, Art.
n Sheridan,
VI'Laughlin,
O'SuUivan,
I'Langhlin,
sh, Thomas
irt Shenan,
isted of—
igh O'Neill,
267
Sovereign or Provost. Gordon O'Neill, son of Sir Phelem
O'Neill, John O'Neill, commonly called Shane M'Neill, Rammer
O'Neill, William Roe IJamilton, James Cnnningham, Robert
Adams, Claud Hamilton, Bryan O'Neil, commonly called
M'Bryan M'Cormick M'Rory Grana O'Neill, John Brown,
Robert Gamble, Patrick Bellew, James M'Ghee, Art. O'Neill,
commonly called Art. MacO'Neill, Rammer O'Neill, John
Donnely, commonly called Shane Faddha O'Donnelly, James
M'Anally, John M'Rory, commonly called Shane Grom,
M'Phillip M'Crory, Terence Donely, called Turlough O'Donelly.
Henry O'Neill, commonly called Henry M'Phelemy Duff
M' Arthur M'Rory O'Neill, Roger MacConway, commonly called
Roger M'Bryan M'Con Modura M'Conway, Dominick M'Hugh,
commonly called Dominick M'Rory Ballagh M'Hugh, Charles
O'Cahan, commonly called Cormick MacManus Keogh O'Cahan,
Charles MacConway, Cormuck M'Owen Oge Modura Mac-
Conway.
It may be observed of the Corporation of Strabane, as well as
that of Derry, that there were several Protestants left by Tyr-
connel in it, and among the latter, Claud, ancestor of the late
Claud Hamilton, Esq., and Robert Gamble, from whom are de-
scended the present Gambles of Strabane. James M'Ghee,
another of this Corporation, was a Protestant gentleman, the
proprietor of an estate at Strabane, now the property of Conolly
Skipton, Esq., in right of his wife, the niece and heiress of the
late Miss Harold of that town, He was the son of John
M'Ghee, Esq., who died on the 26th of February, 1671, whose
tombstone was lately dug up from the floor of the old Church
of Leckpatrick.
Having had occasion in this and another note, to mention
many members of the ancient and illustrious house of O'Neill,
who had ruined themselves, and retarded the prosperity of their
native soil, by an unavailing opposition to the cause of genuine
Christianity in Ireland, it would be injustice not oo notice the
happy res'iits of time and wise deliberation on tlnit noble house
in common with that of O'Bryen, and upwards of twenty other
families of the best blood in Ireland, who have long sine 3 ex-
changed the Italian Creed for that of the Apostles. Of all the
representatives of these families, not one stands higher in the
confidence of the great body of the associated Protestants of
(■■ i!
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! 1
in;:,'
M
I \
'. i
.1 *
'.if- f
MM
a^ti'i .1
:*-'! J
268
Ireland than Eairl O'Neill, whose noble father died of the
wounds he received in defence of the King and Constitution
at the Battle of Antrim, on the 17th of June, 1798. By the
female line, the present Earl O'Neill is descended from Sir
Francis Stafford, of Portglenone, Knight, Governor of Ulster,
from the jGreat Earl of Cork, the Duke of Bolton, Lord Chan-
cellor Broderick, and ViscouDt HiUsborough, father of the first
Marquis of Downshire.
Stanza XV.— Line 2—" O'Doherty."
The Representative of Sir Caher O'Doherty, of Innishowen,
of whom the following account is given, on the authority of the
son of Captain Thomas Ash, a distinguished defender of
Londonderry, whose journal of the Siege was published by his
grand'daughter, in 1792.
Sir Henry Dowkray, who had a command in which he was
very active in the service of Queen Elizabeth, having built a
fort at Lough-Foyle, now called Culmore, and began to erect a
garrison in Derry, took in and subdued Sir Caher O'Doherty's
estate or territory, called Innishowen, and being a very daring
man, met little disturbance until the year 1608, when Sir
Caher came seemingly with peaceful disposition to Derry. He
and the Governor of Derry being walking together, some angry
words ensued, on which the Governor gave Sir Caher a box on
the ear ; Sir Caher being enraged, went to the country, and
assembled those who had been his vassals formerly. He ac-
quainted them of the treatment he had met with. The younger
and more giddy proposed to march to Derry, destroy the Go-
vernor, and burn the town ; but the elder class advised Sir
Caher to send a large fish which they had caught, as a present
to the Governor. They accordingly sent the fish, with directions
not to deliver it unless the Governor was present, and gave the
messenger particular instructions to observe how the Governor
would behave. He, seeing the present, as sent by Sir Caher,
said in a haughty manner, that he perceived '* the Irish were
like spaniels, who, the more they were beaten, the more they
fawned on their masters." The messenger related, on his re-
turn, how the Governor had behaved, on which Sir Caher and
those whom he had assembled, went directly to Derry, killed
\l.^M.
died of the
Constitution
'98. By the
led from Sir
or of Ulster,
, Lord Chan-
sr of the first
»
Innishowen,
[ihority of the
defender of
dished by his
^hich he was
iving built a
an to erect a
O'Doherty's
I very darinj;
8, when Sir
► Derry. He
r, some angry
iher a box on
country, and
rly. He ac-
The younger
stroy the Go-
advised Sir
as a present
ith directions
and gave the
the Governor
)y Sir Caher,
he Irish were
e more they
id, on his re-
sir Caher and
])erry, killetl
269
the Governor and the few Protestants which were with him,
and burned the town. Upon this event, notice was sent to
Dublin, and Sir Arthur Moyle Chichester, Lord Deputy,
marched directly to Derry, and with a small party of soldiers
pursued Sir Caher so closely, that he took him in one of his
hiding places in Innishowen — enclosed him between two walls,
and starved him to death. His fate is represented in part of
the City Arms, by a skeleton sitting on a stone, reclining on his
arm, which is quilted on the back of a cloak or garb, to be
worn by the common scavenger. Soon after this, Sir Arthur
Moyle Chichester represented his service as of so much conse-
quence to King James I., that he was gratified with Sir Caher's
whole estate in Innishowen.
So far Captain Ash, who seemed to have been misled by his
Irish nurse to substitute this legend for the real history of the
forfeiture of Innishowen, which was, that Sir Caher O'Doherty
had been very kindly treated by Queen Elizabeth. He and his
father. Sir John Dogherty, had been knighted, and their pro-
perty secured to them by a new grant ; notwithstanding which,
the unfortunate knight, in the pride of youth, and the fatal
prepossessions of an Irish chieftain, determined to bid defiance
to the English Government. Sir Henry Dowkray, in the
Queen's reign, was employed to plant a strong English garrison
at Lough-Foyle, and erect a fort at Culmore. He afterwards
assigned the government of the garrison at Derry to Sir George
Paulet, and committed the neighboring fort to a valiant Eng-
lish officer, named Hart, the ancestor of the present gallant and
patriotic general, who is Governor of Culmore. O'Dogherty
pretended to live in friendship with Governor Hart ; but
watching his opportunity, invited him to his house, and there
threatened him with immediate death, if Culmore was not in-
stantly surrendered. The English officer reiused to betray his
trust, although a number of ruffians had broken into his cham-
ber, and held their weapons to his throat. The wives of Hart
and O'Dogherty prevented these assassins from putting the Go
vernor to death, but the Irish chieftain so wrought on the tcr
rors of his female guest, that while her husband was detained
prisoner, the unhappy woman consented to attend him to Cu
more, and by a fictitious tale, to gain admittance into the for
for him and his followers, Her own life and that of her hus
r
"!il!
lli
i'y
ill ^
■■I
■lii::!
rr
270
band were spared, but her brother and the whole garrison were
instantly massacred by the Irish. The chieftain proceeded to
attack the town and fort of Derry, which were taken with little
resistance, and the garrison put to the sword, together with the
commander, Paulet, who was said to have provoked the ven-
geance of O'Dogherty, by striking him in some occasion of dis-
pute. The town was thus abandoned to the rapine of the
Irish, who, when they had plundered it of everything valuable,
burned it to the ground, and hastened to attack some otlier
English stations. This occurred in the year 1608. Marshal
Wingfield was immediately afterwards detached with a strong
army against O'Dogherty and his rebels. At his approach,
their garrison set fire to Culmore, and retired, but O'Dogherty
still continued the war in the manner of his countrymen, ap-
pearing suddenly, liarrassing the enemy, and then retiring.
Elated by some advantages, he ventured to issue from his woods
and make head against the Lord Deputy, Sir Arthur Chiches-
ter, who had marched to the assistance of Wingfield ; but an
accidental shot put an end at once to his life and the insurrec-
tion he had raised and maintained for five months. His fol-
lowers dispersed to their several retreats, and some of them wlio
fell into the hands of their pursuers were executed. — See O'Sul-
livan's Catholic History of Ireland, Cox's extracts from the
Lambeth Manuscripts, and Leland's History of Ireland.
On the 30th of June, 1609, in reward for the suppression of
O'Dogherty's rebellion. King James 1. wrote a letter to Sir
Arthur Chichester, from Westminster, granting to him and
his heirs, and assigns, for ever, the entire territory or country
of Innishowen, otherwise called O'Dogherty's country, with all
the hereditaments thereof, possessed either by Sir John O'Dog-
herty, or his son, the late traitor, Caher O'Doherty, deceased ;
except such lands as were to be allotted to the Bishop of Derry,
and the several incumbents within the same country — and one
thousand acres for the city of Derry, together with the custody
of Culmore Castle, within the said country, for life. His pa-
tent passed on the SOlh of February, next ensuing, by which
he was authorised to hold several manor courts, fairs, and mar-
kets, in the island of Inch, the territories of Tuogh-Croncinc,
and Tuoii-h-CIacrh, the manor of Greencastle, the island of Mai-
yne, and the town of Boncranocha, in the said country, iliis
I I
.rrison were
roceeded to
L with little
ler with the
ed the ven-
ision of dis-
piiie of the
ig valuable,
some other
]. Marshal
th a strong
i approach,
O'Dogherty
brymen, ap-
en retiring.
m his woods
lur Chiches-
eld ; but an
jhe insurrec-
is. His fol-
of them who
—See O'Sul-
s from the
land.
ppression of
etter to Sir
to him and
y or country
try, with all
lohn O'Dog-
r, deceased;
op of Derry,
ry — and one
the custody
fe. His pa-
ig, by which
rs, and mar-
gh-Croncine,
land of Mal-
intry. This
271
distinguished officer had also, on the 14th of January, 1610, a
grant of the castle of Dungannon, and 1320 acres of escheated
lands in that precinct, with the right of presentation to several
benefices in the counties of Ar trim and Donegal, with a share
in the fisheries of the Bann and the Foyle.
Stanza XV.— Line 3— "Brave O'Cam:'
''Rory O'Cane, the Lord of Cane's country."
Armagh Mii.S.
" The Great O'Canes came from the river Bann,"
Ibid.
The following account of Tir Cahan, or O'Cahan's country,
is to be found in the memoir of Sampson's map of the county
of Londonderry : — "On the eastern side of the Foyle, extend-
ing to the Bann, is the tract of country originally denominated
Cathan-aght, or the territory of O'Cahan — a feudatory branch
of the house of O'Neill. Their descendants are now called
O'Kanes. The chief residence of this family was on the beau-
tiful bank of the Roe, now called Deerpark ; the site is well
known, and the ruins of the castle were lately discernible." It
was situated on the projection of a perpendicular rock, hanging
over the river, and nearly an hundred feet high. On the land
side the defence consisted of a moat ; the terrace, orchards,
and pleasure-ground, may still be traced
" In yonder copse, where once the garden smil'd,
And still where many a garden flow'r grows wild."
Respecting the last noted personages of this family, there is
a curious anecdote ; the Duchess of Buckingham, being then
after her first widowhood, married to the Earl of Antrim, had
raised a thousand men in the county of Antrim, in aid of King
Charles I. The Deputy, Lord Wentworth, had directed her
Grace to have these recruits marched by the route of Newton-
Linavady. In passing through this village, curiosity induced
her Grace to visit the wife of O'Cahan, whose castle had been
demolished, and himself banished. In the midst of this half
ruined edifice was kindled a fire of branches, and the window
casements were stuff'ed with straw, to keep off" the rigour of the
(i .,
%,
!|
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' *
I) !'
'H
M
l: : I
272
season. Tluis lodged the aged wife of O'Cahan ; she was found
b} her noble visitant sitting on her bent hams in the smoke,
and wrapped in a blanket.
O'Cahan was implicated in Tyrone's rebellion, in conse-
quence of which he was himself seized, and his estates forfeited.
The King and Council, however, wrote to the Lord Deputy, in
January, 1607, to show lenity to him, by shaking the rod over
him ; and I find, by an inquisition preserved in one of the pub-
lic offices in Dublin, that Manus O'Kane was possessed of some
property in the county of Londonderry, in the reign of James
II. ; a very respectable branch of this ancient stock settled in
the county of Clare with the Macdonnels, upwards of a century
and a half ago, and have remained in the west of that county
ever since. They have long since conformed to the Established
Church. Ross, Kilkea, and Ballyvoe, were their chief resi-
dences.
Stanza XV.— Line 6 — " Maguire."
The 43rd regiment of foot, in King James's army, was com-
manded by Colonel Cuconnagh MacGuire ; the Lieutenant-
Colonel was Alexander Maguire, and the Major, Cornelius Ma-
guire. The former of these was Governor and High Sheriflf of
the county of Fermanagh. This family had suffered heavily in
consequence of the part they took with Lord Maguire, in the
year 1641. On the 18th of November, 1644, MacMahon, the
rebel chieftain of Monaghan, was tried at the bar of Westmin-
ster, and shortly after executed at Tyburn. Lord Maguire,
(whose trial is to be found in the first volume of the State Trials)
made such a defence for himself, that his final trial was not
ended till near the middle of February, 1645. Another chief
actor in the rebellion escaped the hand of justice, namely, Rory
Maguire, Governor of the county of Fermanagh, who hanged 17
Protestants in the Church of Clones, on the 23rd of October,
1641. Lord Maguire, with his fellow conspirator MacMahon,
had been sent over to the Parliament of England, and impri-
soned in the Tower of London; but on the 18th of August,
1644, they, with a thin steel instrument sawed asunder a two-
inch oak door in the night time, and with a line let themselves
down from the White Tower, waded the ditch, and got away.
They lodged in Drury-lane, and on the night of the 1 6th of the
\^
le was found
the smoke,
m, in conse-
es forfeited.
Deputy, in
he rod over
! of the pub-
sed of some
n of James
settled in
jf a century
that county
Established
chief resi-
"was com-
Lieutenant-
rnelius Ma-
h Sheriflf of
i heavily in
lire, in the
Mahon, the
r Westmin-
'd Maguire,
tate Trials)
al was not
lother chief
mely, Rory
hanged 1 7
)f October,
^acMahon,
and impri-
of August,
ider a two-
themselves
, got away,
lethof the
i
273
next month, hearing a woman crying oysters in the street, one
of them put his head out of the window to call her, and was
that instant recognized by a servant of Sir John Clotworthy's,
who had known him, and who immediately gave notice to the
Lieutenant of the Tower, who had them apprehended and sent
back to their old prison. Maguire was afterwards hanged, and
his title and estate forfeited.
Stanza XVI. — Line 1—" W7iat could the Maiden City do'^
See the Diary for an account of the great exertions of the
Prentice Boys of Londonderry, Colonel Phillips, of Newton-
Limavady, David Cairnes, of Knockmany, Esq., and the Rev.
George Walker, Rector of Donaghmore, on this memorial occa-
sion. On the 7th of December, Colonel Phillips arrived in
Derry, and resumed the government of that city, which he had
held in the reign of King Charles L as a reward for his services
in 164L He immediately despatched David Cairnes to Eng-
land, as agent for the city with the new Government — and the
Rev. George Walker, despairing of being able to maintain the
town of Dungannon against the enemy, as the gentlemen of
Ulster had resolved to do, raised a regiment of foot, with which
he marched into the city on 13th of April, 1689, on the ap-
proach of King James's army.
Stanza XVII.— Line 1—'' Lifford."
The shire town of Donegal, eleven miles from Londonderry,
and one hundred from Dublin. It was anciently called Liffer,
and in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Castle Liffer. Edmund
Spenser, in his view of the state of Ireland, observed, that for
the security of Ulster to the English, he would place two of the
eight thousand men recommended for the defence of that pro-
vince, at this place. Among the copies oi inquisitions preserved
in the Rolls Office, are the following, relating to this place, or
held in it : — " Inquisition held at Liffer for Queen Elizabeth,
1 1th December, 1 602." " For Caher O'Dogherty, August 1 3th,
in the vi. year of James L, at Liffer." " Johannes O'Dogherty
Miles (father of Caher), Otl?^er 13th, vi. year, James I. — and
•111
'•'(i
;:1l
'tt. H
:( r
m
^]
i fi
274
^r^
I
h i
1 1
for Caller O'Dogherty Miles, next day." " Inquisition held in
Derry relative to the ferry at Lifford, April 16th, 1614." " In-
quisition held for the King at Litford, March 27th, xviii. James
I." " Ibid, 16th April, xix. of James I." " Ibid, for Richard
Hansard, 7th October, xxii. James I. held at Lifford." " Ibid
relative to the baronies of the county of Donegal, March 21st,
in the i. year of Charles I." " Ibid for the King, January 5th,
iv. Charles I." " Ibid for Arthur, Lord Chichester, August 23,
1632." "Ibid for Rodolphus Mansfield, 7th April, 1635."
"Ibid for Basil Brooke, 16th April, 1640." " Ibid for Hum-
phridius Galbraith and Henry Harte, June 21, 1681." In the
Chief Remembrancer's office there is an Inquisition, held at
Lifford, for Brutus Babington, Bishop of Derry, on the 4th of
November, in the ix. year of the reign of James I., and in the
office of the Secondary of the Court of Exchequer is an Inqui-
sition taken relative to the lands of Hugh Hamil, on the 31st
of August, in the i- year of the reign of James I.
On the 3 1st of January, in the ix. year of the reign of James
II. this town and the adjoining estate were granted to Sir
Richard Hansard, Knight. It was then denominated Liffer,
Lifford, or Ballyduff. The ferry and the fishery were also
granted to him, with liberty to hold a free market in the town
on every Monday in every week for ever, and two annual fairs
for ever, viz. — one on every Ascension-day of our Lord, and
another on the feast of St. Matthew. The patent is written in
the Latin language, but the translation was made of it by Henry
Harding, of the Auditor General's Office.
The Charter of Lifford bears date 27th February, in the x.
year of James I. The first Warden was Edward Catherall, and
the following persons were the original Burgesses : — Sir Rich-
ard Hansard, Knight, William Metcalf, John Ward, James
Thomson, Andrew Witherspoone, William Reade, Thomas
Miles, William Severne, Thomas Perkins, Wm. Warren, Geo.
Hilton, and Robert Hansard.
The Warden was obliged to appear before the Judges at the
Assizes next after his appointment, and then take the oath of
Supremacy, and also an oath of fidelity in the duties of his
office. His election was annual by the Burgesses, on the feast
of the nativity of St. John the Baptist.
On the 21st of December, 1620, Sir William Fitzwilliam
( 1
\ s
275
><
was created by patent Baron of Liffer, otlierwiso Lifford, in
the County of Donegal.
April 15th, 1G50 — Sir Charles Cooto being in the Lagan, a
tract of country on the south side of Lough-S willy, in the County
of Donegal, Ever Macmaiion, the titular Bishop of Clogher,
then commanding a body of forces, generally called the Vic-
torious Catholic Army of the North, crossed the river Finn at
Claudy, near Lifford, with great dexterity and courage, in pur-
suit of the Parliamentary army, which he but a few days be-
fore forced to cross tiie fords of the Foyle, at the islands of
Lifford. — {See Cox's Hibernica Anglicana, ii. 24.)
June 21st, 1650 — The titular Bishop of Clogher, after receiv-
ing a bloody defeat from Sir Charles Coote and Colonel Ven-
ables, at Skirsolas, near Letterkenny, fled with a small remnant
of his army through Liff'ord and Strabane, and through Omagh,
where Major King, afterwards Lord Kingston, took up the
pursuit afresh with three troops of horse, and gleaned up what
had escaped from the battle ; so that it was generally believed
that of all the Irish army, which on that morning had consisted
of four hundred horse and four thousand foot, five hundred did
not esv^ape. The Bishop himself was taken prisoner by Major
King, and, by order of the Lord President, was next day hanged.
Sir R. Cox, who has recorded these transactions, observes the
vicissitude of the Irish affairs in these troubled times, when
the head of this Romish Bishop, and those of several of his of-
ficers, were placed upon the walls of Londonderry, where he
and they were, within less than a vear before, confederated
against their lawful King with Sir Charles Coote, raised the
siege of that city for him, and were jovially merry at his table,
in the quality of friends. But this is not a solitary instance
of men cutting a rod to whip themselves. Sir C. Coote be-
haved with unparalleled brutality on this occasion, if credit b
due to " a Journal of the transactions of General Owen O'Neill,
from the year 1641 to 1G50, by Colonel Henry MacTuol
O'Neill," published in the Desiderata Curiosa Hibernica.
About the latter end of March, 1689, the Rev. George Wal-
ker, and Mr. Hamilton, of Kilskerry, met in Liff'ord, where they
settled upon a token or pass-word, which was afterwards of
great use to the defenders of Londonderry and Enniskillen,
i
'111.
'ii;.; :
m
i
. ♦
27G
Stanza—XVIL— Lines 1 and Q—'' Hansard."— '* Hammel,"
'■! H
11 (
I'! ;<
f) %■ i\
\t\
*4 I .
r'M
Sir Ki chard Hansard, Knight, of Birkerthrope, in the county
of Lincoln. After this gentleman had taken a degree in the
University of Cambridge, he took on him the profession of a
soldier. The inscription on his monument in Lifford Church,
says, that " he had divers and sundrie honourable places of
command in the warres ; that he was made Governor of Lifford
and the parts adjoining, where he did many good servicei in
the time of Tyrone's rebellion, and last of all, in Sir Caher
O'Dogherty's rebellion." It was the mention of these latter
circumstances which probably occasioned the insult, which tra-
dition says was offered to his statue, and that of Lady Hansard,
on the night of the 15th of April, 1689 — where Colonel Ham-
mel, Geo. Walker, and Colonel Crofton, with their troops, had,
during the whole of the preceding night, repulsed King James's
army, which attempted to cross the ford. Mackenzie (in his
narrative, page 31) says, that the stand made on that night was
resolute and successful ; several of the enemy were killed by
cannon and small shot. A large gun, placed upon the top of
the Castle, which stood on the side of the river, burst that
night, as a white-smith of the town attempted to discharge it.
Hugh Hammel, Esq., the proprietor of Lifford, in 1689,
raised a regiment on his own estate, for the defence of London-
derry. His name frequently occurs in the Diary, and he was
the fifth person who signed the address to King William and
Queen Mary, on the relief of the city ; those of Walker,
Mitchelburn, Crofton, and Lane being signed before his.
Colonel Hammel is thus noticed in the Armagh Manu-
script : —
" Parker brought a regiment from Colerain,
Colonel Hammel another from Strabane." Sec 16.
Lifford would not do for the rhyme here, which at best i^
but a lame one — but perhaps the Colonel had a residence in
the neighbouring town of Strabane. It is not, however, likely
he could have raised a regiment in it, without great opposition
from the Earl of Abercorn, who was strongly attached to King
James's interest,
■u
277
I
Again wo find the Arinagli poet noticing Hiiniiners pout at
Liiford :
** From thonoe to Lifford somo j^ood troops they send,
T' oppose the Irish, and the ford defend.
The Moarne from south, the Finn from west commence,
At Lifford they conjoin their contiuoiico ;
From thence to Derry in full streams they flow.
And ^uard the south of Derry from the foe.
Therefore King James must pass the swollen Finn,
If he the city does expect to win.
This to effect he sent some of his horse
To pass the ford at Lifford with groat force.
The sound of drums and trumpets rent the air,
And th' Irish forces to the ford repair.
They boldly enter in, when lo ! our men
Pour showers of bullets from the ravelin.
The Irish drop, and with the purple goro
Of dying soldiers stain the waters o'er.
From t'other side the en'my fiercely lire,
And reinforce their troops as need recpiire,
Till they got footing on the other sliore,
And with unequal force our men o'erpow'r.
Then death appear *d in many a dismal hue.
Our men retreat, the enemy pursue." Sec. 18 & 19.
In the description of the battle of Elah, Colonel Hammel is
thus mentioned : —
"Parker and Hammel brought forth a great gun,
Strengthen'd by Lieutenant-Colonel Wigton ;
But their assistance came to us too late,
For Ramsay's firing forc'd us to retreat." Lib. Hi. Sec. 9,
In the second battle on the Windmill hill Colonel Hammel is
thus described as wounded : —
** Whilst Colonel Hammel does the foe pursue,
Through his cheek a pistol bullet flew." Sec. 14.
With this honourable wound in a conspicuous part of his
face. Col. Hammel repaired './O the Court of William and Mary,
where he was honoured by a royal present : a tenant and a fel-
low soldier of his, named Tliompson^ accompanied him, and as
they passed one day by the Palace at Wliitehall, tlie Colonel
m
I' i
U ;l *
il
■m w
I"
J :
* ■ ■
■i!;
'■.%
.>78
said to his companion, " Was not James a fool to oxchangn tliat
abode for Robin Cowan's, in St. Johnston 1"
Stanza XVlll.— Link I—'' Sqnire Foruard."
"From Colemackletrain, fioiii Burt, and Jnnisliowen,
Squire Forward brought horso and foot of his own."
A nmujh MSS.
Tliis gentleman, with Captain Vaughan, served in King Wil-
liam's army, after the relief of Derry, under the command of
Colonel Mitchelburn, whom they accused and brought to trial
before the Lords Justices, on various charges, of all which he
was honourably acquitted. P'or an account of this, and many
other curious matters relative to these times, sec " An Account
of the Transactions in the North of Ireland, anvo dimiini, 1091,
containing a particular account of the besieging and taking tin-
town of Sligo by storm, by the Honourable Colonel Mitchel-
burn, Governor of Londonderry, some time Governor of the
town and fort of Sligo, then Commander-in-Chief of their Ma-
jesty's forces in the province of Ulster." — London, printed in
1G92.
Line 3 — " Stewart."'
William Stewart, of Bally lawn, in the county of Donegal,
Esq., ancestor of the Marquis of Londonderry, took an active
part in the transactions of the North of Ireland, to prevent
the subversion of the Constitution, which James II. and his
Chief Governor, Tyrconnel, were attempting to effect ; he
raised a troop of horse at his own expense, when the City of
Londonderry was invested, and did especial service to the Pro-
testant interest in that part of the country, by protecting those
■who were well affected to King William III. He was ap-
pointed Lieutenant-Colonel in the regiment commanded by Sir
William Stewart, the second Viscount Mountjoy, on the 19th
of March, 1692. His son and heir, Thomas, resided in Bally-
lawn Castle, and married the daughter of Michael Ward, Bishop
of Derry, who died and was buried in his Cathedral on the
3rd of October, 1681. Alexander, the second brother of
Thomas, succeeded — he represented the City of Londonderry
in Parliament, and purchased the estate of Mount Stewart, in
.?
279
ti
I
tho county of Down, from th»; Colvillr family. On the 30tli
of .Juno, 171^7, lu« tniirricd Ijis cousin Mary, only jlaughtcr of
John (!owan, of Londonderry, K.s(|., and sistoraiul solo hoircHs
of Sir liolxTt (.\)wan, CJovcrnor of iJonibay. His sons were
Robert, first Manjuis of Londonderry, and Alexander Stewart,
of Ards, in the county of Done;,'al, tlie father and uncle of the
pres(!nt j^allant Manpiis, whose eminent services in the lat(^
arduous contest for the liberties of Luropfi arc too fresh in the
reeoUoction of the public to recjuire a recital hero.
" From Lou^h-S willy tho Stewarts and Cunninghaius
A party brought," iVc. , &c.
Armaffh MSS.
Link 3—" Grove."
William Grove, the seventh man who si^Mied the address to
King William and Queen Mary from the City of Londonderry,
on the 29th of July, 1089, having been attainted on the 7tli of
May, in that year, by James's pretended Parliament, under the
name Wm. Groves, Esc]., of Donegal, or Londonderry. His
lamented death, some years afterwards, is thus recorded in tlu^
manuscript found at Armagh : —
" Groves, of Castleshann.aghan, forces brought.
From Kilmakrenan, with the enemy fought ;
This valiant man, after the wars was slain,
When on the Fews he's by the tories ta'en ;
He's much lamented for his worth and zeal,
And suifer'd greatly for the common weal."
Lib. i. Sec. 17.
The descendant and representative of this gentleman is
Thomas Brooke, Esq., of Castlegrove, in the county of Done-
gal, who is also descended from Thomas Brooke, of Donegal,
Esq., son of Sir Henry Brooke, who preserved that town aiul
castle during the wars of 1G41, and died in August, 167 L Sir
Henry was the son of Sir Basil Brooke, a distinguished under
taker in the planting of Ulster, who died on the 25th of July,
1G33, by his lady, Anne, daughter of Thomas Leicester, of Toft,
in Cheshire, Esq. From the last mentioned Thomas Bro o\te,
who died in Dublin, and v/as buried at St. Michan's Church, on
the 13th of February, I6i>5, leaving a numerous issue by his
lii.
t ;
iH
280
'^l '\
;* ,« '
f*
1%
second wife, Anne, daughter of Sir "Richard St. George, of Car-
rickdramruske, in the county of Leitrim, Knight, are des-
cended the Brookes of Colebrooke, in the county of Ft^rman-
\
agh.
Line 4 — " Lougli-Swilly's heroes leading.^*.
The inhabitants of the lands surrounding Lough-Swilly,
like those on the banks of Lough-Erne, were distinguished
for their military prow*'SS in the civil wars of 1641. Trained
to the use of firearms, from their habit of shooting the wild-
fowl of the lakes, they became very expert in taking down
their wilder opponents, who frequently felt the power of their
long muskets. A renowned regiment of sharp-shooters was
raised in the Lagan, a tract of country on the south side of
Lough-Swilly, in the Barony of Raphoe ; they were well known
by their name of Laganeers, which carried terror to the ears of
the Irish rebels. With a body of these men, inheriting all the
spirit and vigour of their Scottish ancestors, Bishop Lesley,
by the aid of no less than three regiments raised in this dis-
trict, protected the Protestants of the Barony of Raphoe from
extermination, in the great rebellion. They were, however,
at one time so closely pressed at home, that they refused to go
with the Bishop to relieve Sir Ralph Gore, who was besieged
by the rebels in his castle of Magherabeg. The task devolved
on the brave old Scottish Prelate, who sallied from the fortified
castle at Raphoe, amidst the flames of the whole country, and,
with his tenants and followers, relieved the besieged, evincing
in the action as much personal valour as regular conduct.
Line 5—" Ballindmte:'
A small town on the Earl of Erne's estate, part of it in the
townland of Moneen, and part in that of Millsesshagh : Sir
Richard Hansard built a house near this town, a short time
before his death. It is thus mentioned in his will, a copy of
which is in the Prerogative Court : — *' I keep only out of the gen-
eral donation, the stone house lately erected at Monyn, together
with two sessocks of land allotted and adjoining to the said
house, which I bequeath unto uohn Hansard, of Vouslabey,
in the County of Lincoln, gentleman." This will, however,
281
rge, of Car-
t, are des-
of Ferman-
mgli-Swilly,
istinguished
1. Trained
ig the wild-
iaking down
wer of their
shooters was
louth side of
3 well known
bo the ears of
riting all the
shop Lesley,
1 in this dis-
Raphoe from
;re, however,
refused to go
was besieged
ask devolved
_ the fortified
country, and,
ged, evincing
onduct.
t of it in the
isshagh : Sir
a short time
ill, a copy of
ut of the gen-
nyn, together
to the said
f Vouslaboy,
ill, liowevor,
was disputed by Sir Richard's brother, and upon trial, it was
found to be null and void from the beginning, he having had
no feofment of the property to enable him to bequeath itfrom
his next heir.
On the low level grounds between this town and the house
of Cavanacor, a great body of Protestant noblemen and gen-
tlemen assembled with their regiments of horse and foot,
a short time before Londonderry was invested by James's array
This circumstance is thus recorded ::i the Armagh Manuscript,
Lib. 1. Sec. xv. : —
" Well did the northern Protestants forsee,
The dire eflfects of this new tragedy,
How that religion and estates must go,
If they yield all up to the common foe ;
A foe that's seldom merciful and kind,
To any person of a diflferent mind.
They muster'd up near thirty thousand men.
Both horse and foot, in warlike discipline.
They chose Lundy the general, and did grace
The brave Lord Blaney, with the second place-
Next him Sir Arthur Rawdon — these they be
Our northern forces foot and cavalry.
Upon a spacious plain near Balindrate,
In gallant order these brave regiments met.
The sound of drums and trumpets rent the sky.
To England's banrer these brave chiefs did fly."
On the 29th of April, King James passed thro' this town on
his way from Mongevlin castle to Strabane, after dining under
a sycamore tree in front of the house of John Keys, Esq., at
Cavanacor, to whom he gave a protection, which afterwards
saved this gentleman's house, when those of all the Protestants
round him were burned. The oak table at which the untbi-tu-
nate monarch sat to dinner, and the antiquated china upon which
the dinner was served, are preserved as curiosities by Mrs. Denny,
and her sister, Miss Armstrong, of Ballindrate,'|_who are de-
scendants of the King' host at Cavanacor. A labourer, at
Clonfad, preserves the chair in which James sat at Robin
Gowan's house, at St. Johnston, where he dined on the 19th
of April, in the above mentioned year.
20
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282
Line 6 — " ^rat;(j RawdonJ'
^"*,
V..r
•#
*' Sir Arthur Bawdon's horse rode to the plain
In warlike order, 'bove a thousand men.
Some of his men strong polish'd armour bore,
But he himself a silken armour wore.
Above a thousand men he thither brought,
Who at Dromore pgainst the Irish fought,"
Armagh MS!^.
Sir Arthur Rawdon, Baronet, of Moyra, in the county of
Down, ancestor of the Marquis of Hastings. This distinguished
officer was born October the 17th, 1662. Being of a tender
constitution, he was sent to France at an early period of his
life, and educated first there, and afterwards in England, by
his uncle, Earl Conway, who took great pains with his educa-
tion, particularly in a department of it too much neglected in
modern times — to which neglect w ' may trace not only an
apathy respecting the true interests of their country, but an
incompetency to frame the simplest act of Parliament in so
great a proportion of our Irish legislators. Sir Arthur Raw-
don was educated by his noble uncle in an habitual veneration
for the British Constitution, and in an abhorrence of the
arbitrary principles of popery, as being utterly hostile to civil
and religious liberty. His travels and observations on the
continent of Europe confirmed his attachment to the estab-
lishments of his native land, which he soon testified, by his
courage and activity against the aggressions made on them in
Ireland, by James II. and Tyrconnel, when he spared no ex-
pense or hazard for the support of the Protestant interest. He
was captain of a troop of horse in his father's life- time ; and
after his decease, when the Protestants of Ulster were obliged
to unite for their common safety, against the attacks made
upon their liberties and lives, he was appointed to the com-
mand of a regiment of dragoons within the county of Down,
where he had the greatest interest and influence of any person
in his country, having represented that county in Parliament,
and for his very extraordinary services in these troubles, became
so obnoxious to King James's government, that he was ex
empted from mercy l)y Tyrconnel's proclamation of the 7th of
March, 1682, as one of the principal actors in what that Vice
'magh MSS.
the county of
distinguished
y of a tender
period of his
L England, by
ith his educa-
h. neglected in
3 not only an
untry, but an
rliament in so
' Arthur Eaw-
ual veneration
rrence of the
hostile to civil
ations on the
to the estab-
istified, by his
,de on them in
spared no ex-
interest. He
ife-time ; and
were obliged
attacks made
:ed to the coni-
mty of Down,
of any person
in Parliament,
oubles, became
lat he was ex-
n of the 7th of
hat that Vice
283
roy termed a rebellion, and " one of those who had advised and
fomented the same, and inveigled others to be involved therein,'
The continued fatigue he underwent in defence of his country,
cast him into a dangerous illness, which forced him after-
wards to leave the kingdom, and hastened his death, which
happened on the 17th of October, 1695, on the very day he
completed the 33rd year of his age— so that he was in the very
bloom of life at the defence of Londonderry. He had married
Helena Graham, daughter and sole heiress of Sir James Graham,
Knight, third and youngest son of William, Earl of Monteith,
and through her the present Marquis of Hastings has a claim
to that ancient Earldom, which had been for many years extinct.
This lady was endowed with extraordinary virtues, which well
became the ancient house from which she sprung. Her good
sense and taste were exquisite — her charities numberless ; she
was ever found to be a munificent friend to worth in distress.
She was a great heiress — her mother being Isabella Bramhall,
eldest daughter of Dr. John Bramhall, successively Bishop of
Derry and Archbishop of Armagh, and co-heiress of her brother,
Sir Thomas Bramhall, of Rathmullyan, in the County of Meath,
by which means the property accumulated by the Bramhalls
passed into the Rawdon family. Part of Archbishop Bram-
hall's acquired property in Ireland was the estate of Omagh,
in the county of Tyrone, which he purchased for six thousand
pounds, the sum he had received for his estate in England.
He began a plantation there, and attended some times to the
progress of it, when he was inclined to unbend his mind by a
species of country recreations, which, it is to be hoped, may
once more become fashionable in Ireland ; but the rebellion
breaking out a few years after he engaged in this patriotic un-
dertaking, he was frustrated in all his intentions respecting
this place, which, after the restoration, became a source of
trouble to him, for Sir Audley Mervyn laid claim to it, and at
the time of the hearing of the cause in one of the law courts
in Dublin, the primate was seized with a fit of the palsy, so
that he sunk down in the court, was carried out senseless, and
so continued until he died on the 25th of June 1663, in
ihe 70th year of his age.
I'i
Ui
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■V\
111,
ii L
■ 5
, ' 1
' .
284
r ,1 -h .
'. ■ ' y
Line 6 — " Lord Blancy."
*'The Baron Blaiiey a brave reg'ment led,
Which near Armagh and Blackwater were bred."
Armagh MSS.
Henry Vincent, fifth Lord Blaney. He was captain of a com-
pany of foot in 1678. When Lord Tyrconnel was new-model-
ling the army in Ireland, and preparing to invade the north, the
Protestant nobility and gentry having associated in the several
counties, for their mutual protection, those of Armagh and Mo-
naghan chose Lord Blaney to beCommander-in-chief of the troops
raised for the Protestant service in that province. Soon after
his appointment. Lord Blaney suddenly took possession of the
city of Armagh with a strong party, in order to secure
that frontier garrison, which he did by disarming the Irish
dragoons ; and then posting himself there, he found, upon a
general muster of those who had joined him, eighteen hundred
men, armed indifferently, but resolved to perish or overthrow
the tyranny then exercised over the Protestants of Ireland. He
immediately caused King William and Mary to be proclaimed
with great solemnity, not only in Armagh, but at Hillsborough
and other places, and sent the proclamation to Charlemont, re-
quiring the Irish to surrender themselves and their army by
the 10th of April, 1689. At this time, near three thousand of
the enemy being garrisoned in the fort at Charlemont, within
five miles of Armagh,' and attempting to plunder the Protest-
ants, he had [daily skirmishes with them, in which he constant-
ly prevailed, to their considerable loss, until the 13tb of March,
when, being informed that his castle of Monaghan was taken
by the Irish, and that all the forces of the country had retreated
to Glasslough, where they were besieged by the enemy, that
Sir Arthur Rawdon had quitted Laughbrickland, and that the
Irish, under Lieutenant-General Hamilton, had possessed that
place, he called a council of war, wherein it was resolved to
march next day to relieve the besieged at Glasslough, but be-
ing relieved by Matthew Anketell, a gentleman of undaunted
courage, at the expense of his life. Lord Blaney continued in
Armagh, until Colonel Lundy disappointing his expectations,
by sending him no reinforcements, and the enemy surrounding
■> 'i',
(
r ^ #i
ed."
gh MSS.
ain of a com-
3 new-moclel-
he north, the
n the several
lagh and Mo-
f of the troops
Soon after
session of the
er to secure
ng the Irish
3und, upon a
teen hundred
or overthrow
f Ireland. He
3e proclaimed
Hillsborough
larlemont, re-
iheir army by
e thousand of
3mont, within
,T the Protest-
1 he constant-
3tb of March,
lan was taken
had retreated
e enemy, that
, and that the
possessed that
is resolved to
lough, but be-
of undaunted
y continued in
s expectations,
ly surrounding
285
the town, he was obliged to quit it, and force his way to Col-
eraine, with seven troops of horse and eight companies of foot,
with which he narrowly escaped from the garrisons of Charle-
mont and Mountjoy, who had notice of his march, and endea-
voured to intercept him at Arden bridge, where he killed an
hundred and fifty-five men on the spot, and forced several
others into the river, where they were drowned.
After Kin^ James came into Ireland, Lord Blaney was in-
vited by him to join his service, with a promise of pardon for
what was passed, and of the royal favour for the time to come
— to which he replied, " that he thanked God that he had now
a king upon whose word he could depend, but never would on
his, without a sword in his hand." This nobleman died a short
time after the relief of Londonderry, and was buried at Monag-
han.
Stanza XIX. — Line 1 — " From Newtownstewart rode Lmd
Mountjoy."
•' Young Lord Mountjoy's dragoons
Advanced next, rais'd in his father's towns : ,
For near to Newtownstewart in Tyrone,
The neighboring gentlemen are all his own."
Armagh MSS.
This was Sir William Stewart, the second Viscount Mount-
joy, who joined the defenders of Londonderry in the absence
of his noble father, who was deluded by Tyrconnel, and sent
off to France, where he was laid up in the Bastile, to prevent
his return to the Protestants of Ireland, who had the greatest
confidence in his services, which will be more particularly no-
ticed in the Diary.
This noble family, together with that of Sir James Stewart
of Fortstewart, near Kamelton, which is one and the same with
it, and in fact the only male branch of it, is descended from
the blood royal of Scotland ; their direct ancestor being King
Robert Stewart, who was crowned at Scone, on the 25th of
March, 1370, in right of his maternal grandfather, King Kobert
Bruce. The first of this ancient family who settled in Ireland,
were Sir William Stewart, of Aughentean and Newtonstewart,
in the County of Tyrone, and his brother, Sir Robert Stewart,
!{•:
n
11
m V
is
' 11
mi
■ .' ■ ■
286
);• 1;S
\\i I I
of Culmore, near Londonderry. They were both very active
and able officers, and had served many years in foreign wars,
under Count Mansfield, the Kings of Denmark and Sweden,
and had gradually raised themselves to the command of regi-
ments. Sir Robert, the younger, was a gentleman of the Privy
Chamber to King James T., in whose reign he came into Ire-
land, and as a recompense for his faithful services, had a grant,
on the 24th July, 1617, of an hundred pounds a year of Crown
lands, in the Counties of Leitrim, Cavan, and Fernianagh, with
liberty to raise and transport four hundred volunteers for the
service of the King of Sweden. On the 11th of August, 1638,
he was appointed Captain of Culmore Castle. In the year 1G30,
he was returned member of Parliament for the City of London-
derry ; and on the 16th November, 1641, after the commence-
ment of the massacre of the Protestants, he had a commission
to raise and command a thousand foot soldiers, and a troop of
horse, for his Majesty's service. In 1643, he was made Gover-
nor of Londonderry and Culmore fort, on the death of Sir
James Vaughan; and on Tuesday, the 19th of June, in that
year, totally routed the Irish, under Owen Roe O'Neill, at
Clones, on the borders of Fermanagh ; after which he took tlie
Castle of Denge, and on the 2d of Jauuary, 1644, met all the
colonels under the command of the Marqnis of Ormonde, and
agreed with them not to swear or subscribe to the " league and
cmmant" then imposed upon the army by the Parliament, in
which resolution his brother. Sir William, though then absent,
did afterwards join. In the month of October, 1648, being in
garrison at Culmore, which commanded the passage by water
to Londoiiderry, he was trepanned into a visit and baptizing of
a friend's child in this city ; and Colonel Audley Mervyn, being
then also insiduously taken, they were both, by Colonel
Monck's orders, sent prisoner by sea to London. Monck, in
the meantime, got possession of fort Culmore by stratagem,
and when the Parliament prevailed, and passed their act for
the settlement of Ireland, on the 12th of August, 1652, Sir
Robert Stewart was excepted from pardon, for life and estate.
However, surviving these confusions, he was made captain of ;i
foot company, on the sixth of February, 1660, and on the 12tli
of the same month, Governor of the City and County of Lon-
donderry. He left issue, Lieutenant-Colonel George Stewart, of
W [i.
I
11
1 very active
foreign wars,
and Sweden,
nand of regi-
1 of the Privy
ame into Ire-
i, had a grant,
fear of Crown
nianagh, with
nteers for tho
A^ugust, 1G38,
the year 1G39,
ty of London-
he commence-
a commission
md a troop of
5 made Gover-
death of Sir
June, in that
)e O'Neill, at
zh he took the
i, met all the
3rmonde, and
le *' league and
Parliament, in
h then absent,
1648, being in
ssage by water
id baptizing of
Mervyn, being
, by Colonel
1. Monck, in
by stratagem,
I their act for
ust, 1652, Sir
life and estate.
,de captain of iv
nd on the 12th
younty of Lon-
irge Stewart, of
287
Culmore, whose posterity still exist. The family burial place
of the ancient and highly respectable family of Stewart, of
Horn Head, is in the County of Donegal, in the Cathedral
churchyard of Londonderry.
Sir William, the elder brother of the above-mentioned Sir
Robert Stewart, from whom the present Earl of Blessington is
descended, by the female line, was in favour with King James
L, and became an undertaker for the plantation of the escheated
lands in Ulster. He contributed greatly to quash O'Doghorty's
rebellion, much more so than others of his rank, for which ser-
vices he was knighted, and had a grant of a considerable tract
of lands in the County of Donegal. He passed patent on the
30th of November, 1610, for a thousand acres of land in the
barony of Kilmacrenan, in that county ; and the King having
received such an account of his industry and forwardness in
that plantation, that he recommended him earnestly, on the 2 6th of
January, 1612, to the Lord Deputy Chichester, to be admitted an
undertaker in the plantation of Wexford. He had also a grant
of a proportion which was surrendered by James Hayes, in the
Barony of Strabane, consisting of fifteen hundred acres. His
Donegal grant consisted of the town lands and quarters of Gor-
tavaghie, Ilmore, Ilmbegg, Andromon, &c., with free fishing
in the river Lough-Swilly. These lands were erected into a
manor, called Stewart's Fort, afterwards denominated Fort-
stewart, upon which, in the year 1618, he had built a fair
strong castle, called Ramelton, three stories and a half high,
and had made a town, consisting of forty -five houses, in which
were fifty-seven families, all British. It was then, as it con-
tinues to be, a respectable market town, and stood well for the
King's service and the good of the country. He had then
almost finished a church in the town, besides building a good
stone house at Gortavaghie. The church has been lately re-
built, and for beauty of situation, and the advantages of a vi-
cinity to a prolific sea, Ramelton may challenge a competition
with any other town in Ireland. The salmon taken there ai-e
remarkably fine, and in season at a time of the year in which
no others are fit to be eaten.
In the Parliament which assembled in Dubl-n, on the 18th
of May, 1613, and was dissolved on the 14th of Octol)er, 1615,
Sir William Stewart, of Ramelton, represented the County of
» i
I
fl If'
1' 1
lii.::
i !■
W !
' ' ■•
1 1*
ii- I was so distinguished in the civil wars which ensued after
tlie massacres of 1641, but whose glory was tarnished by after-
wards joining tae cause of Oliver Cromwell against liis lawful
sovereign.
'
ii
»t
I
n I
?'
'■rii
Hj
296
Line 5 — " Georae Maxwell"
" From Killyleagh, young Sir George Maxwell,
Was to that regiment Lieutenant Colonel."
Armagh MSS,
The following persons of this name were attainted by King
James's Parliament, on the 7th of May, 1689 : — Arthur Max-
well, gentleman, George Maxwell, Esq., Hugh Maxwell, gentle-
man, all of the county of Down, James Maxwell, jun., Esq.,
county of Londonderry, James Maxwell, gentleman, county of
Tyrone, Eev. James Maxwell, county of Leitrim, John Max-
well, gentleman, county of Cavan, Kobert Maxwell, gentleman,
of the same, William Maxwell, gentleman of the county of
Monaghan, Eobert Maxwell, Esq., Queen's County, and James
Maxwell, Esq., county of Armagh. The sufferings of Doctor
Kobert Maxwell, of Tynan, and his brother. Captain James Max-
well, in 1641, are detailed in Sir John Temple's History of the
Irish rebellion.
iiil
Line 6 — " Calmes, of Knockmany.'*
David Cairnes, of Knockmany, in the county of Tyrone, Esq.,
maternal ancestor of William Henderson, Esq., late of Castle-
town, in the county of Tyrone, and of the Rev. Joseph Hender-
son Singer, Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. The services of
this chief of the defenders of Londonderry, will be detailed in
their proper place in the Diary ; and it may be sufficient to ob-
serve here, that his grave was opened at the upper end of it,
but not disturbed by the workmen who lately erected the wall
at the back of the new Sessions House. His tombstone,
which had been before broken, was then removed from tl.e
grave, but has been since replaced. The following is a copy of
what remains of the inscription on it : " Here raider was in-
terred the body of David Cairnes, Esq., Counse'ior-at-Law, so
greatly known, and regarded for his many and great services
done by him for this city of Londonderry, i,nd its preservation
and safety, when in utmost danger, and proved so conducive to
that grand revolution we had in these kingdoms, in 1688 and
1689 — with much sore travels, and many hazards of his life.
He was much beloved, living and dying, for the many good
1^1
MSS.
ited by King
Arthur Max-
xwell, gentle-
11, jun., Esq.,
m, county of
I, John Max-
1, gentleman,
le county of
y^, and James
igs of Doctor
n James Max-
listory of the
Tyrone, Esq.,
ate of Castle-
seph Hender-
'he services of
be detailed in
ifficient to ob-
>per end of it,
cted the wall
[S tombstone,
7ed from tie
ig is a copy of
'.nder was in-
lor-at-Law, so
great services
8 preservation
conducive to
in 1688 and
is of his life.
LC many good
297
qualities and parts he was evidently blessed with, as appeared
on many occasions. He was also 30 years." Here the inscrip-
iion ends, the rest having been broken away — but tradition
iupplies the remainder of the sentence, viz. : that he was 30
jrears the representative of the City of Londonderry in Parlia-
Ittient. There is a tomb in the graveyard of Donoughmore,
ijvith an inscription on it to the memory of Sir Henry Cairnes,
i^f the county of Donegal, but wheihcr he was of the family of
the hero of Londonderry <"»r not, J have been unable to ascer-
tain. The Armagh Poet thus notices the services of David
Cairnes ; —
" Cairnes of Knockmany at Derry fought."
M;S8. Lib. 1, Sec. IC.
And again in the description of the battle near Elagh —
"Against the weakest side our general saw
The enemy their greatest forces draw.
Which to prevent, with all the forces he
Sprung forth at morn to figlit the enemy.
Near Elagh in the parks Murray came on
The Irish army, led by Hamilton,
V/here he continued fighting till 'twas noon,
When we were flank'd by th' enemy's dragoon.
To beat ofl* which, he chose five hundred men,
With Captains Taylor, Moore and Saundeison.
Murray himself did the brave troops command,
Who bravely did the foes' dragoons withstana.
Great Pusignan came boldly up to fight,
But Murray quickly put him to flight.
Berwick and Poiilcc; likewise wounded were.
By valiant Murray and the brave Dunbar.
Brave Major Bull did wonders in that fight.
For he beat back the enemy on the right.
Crofton and Bashford did much honor gain,
By (Japtam Noble multitudes Avere slain.
Fr<:)m Lisneskea in Fermanaj^h he came,
But now he's Major Noble of the same.
Cairnes in our centre stood firm as a rock.
And ne'er was moved by thoir niiifht sliock.
He and his friends oppos'd the enemy,
And in tiiis liattle fougl)t most valiantly.
Lieutenant Lindsay, Baron of Dunrode's son,
He in this battle great applauses won.
21
i,li
I ill
%
I !'' ii
2f)cS
Captain Barrel from Urney, near Strabane,
Did in this action' reputation gain.
Saunderson of Tillylagaii, in Tyrone,
With bravery great reputation won.
The valiant Moore of Augher, with great might,
Cut down the enemy in this bloody fight.
Lieutenant Cooke opposed the enemy,
And forc'd their bravest warriors to fly.
Lord Abercorn both (juit his boots and horse,
Without his cloak he fled with all his force.
Then in a trice we did the enemy beat,
And caus'd them to their camp in haste retreat.
We burn'd their store at Elagh without pity.
And then began to march home to the city.
Lib. 3, Sec. 7.
Stanza XXL — Line 3 — ^'Johnson."
i hi
;t ■<
i- ■ ',
" From Glasslough, Monaghan, and Caledon
A thousand foot were brought by Squire Johnson."
Armagh MSS,
Two persons of the name of William Johnston (and \\s.
Johnson, as spelled in manuscript), in the County of Moua-
ghan, were attainted by King James's Parliament of 1681i.
with the following gentlemen of that name in other countie-,
viz : —
Alexander Johnston, Andrew Johnston, Alexander John
ston, Francis Johnston, James Johnston, Robert Johnstor.
gentleman, and Walter and Robert Johnston, esquires, all c:
the County of Fermanagh ; George and Hugh Johnston, o:
the County of Down ; George Johnston, of the County of An
trim ; Captain John Johnston, of Londonderry ; Rev. Arclii
aid Johnston, of Armagh ; John Johnston, gentlem.ir
Kilkenny ; John Johnston, junr., of Westmeath ; and Ricliar'
Johnston, gentlemen of Kerry.
Line 5. — " Graham.''
" Alderman Graham laid to his helping hand
With stores and money."
"Ut.'. d
299
Line,
eat might,
Iht.
1 horse,
rce.
retreat,
t pity,
city.
Lib. 3, Sec. 7.
nson.
)j
don
:e Johnson. "
Armagh MSS.
fohnston (and no.
e County of J\Toua-
arliament of 16^^!',
1 in other counties,
, Alexander Join
RoTjert Johnston
,on, esquires, all c
3ugh Johnston, o:
the County of An
derry ; Rev. Arclii
nston, gentleman.
leath; andRicliar-
hand
I cannot claim the honour of a descent from this patriotic
Alderman, for my ancestor of that day was J amen Graham,
of JMnllinahinch, in the County of Fermanagh, a Cornet in oae
of the regiments raised in that part of the country, for the de-
fence of Enniskillen. His son, James Graham, of Clones, my
grandfather, was Lieutenant of Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel
Molyneaux Madden's troo[), in the regiment of dragoons com-
manded by Nicholas Archdall, Esq., in the militia of the county
of Fermanagh — the date of the commission is October 25-th,
1744, and I preserve it as a literary curiosity, because it is
signed by the celebrated P^arl of Chesterfield, who was at that
time Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. For the satisfaction of my
own family, and that of many others of the same name and
clan, scattered over the Province of Ulster, and other parts of
Ireland, I take this opportunity of preserving some documents
relative to our ancestors on the English borders, with an
account of their removal into Ireland, by a most arbitrary and
tyrannical stretch of regal power by James, in consequence of
a prejudice previously entertained against them, because, in the
fends between the two nations, they had generally taken part
with the English side. They claimed their descent from the
Earls of Stratherne, of the name of Graham, and were hardy
men of great power on the borders — they lived like other bor-
derers, in these troubled times, in a state of warfare, having
repeated quarrels and hereditary feuds with the Johnstons,
Maxwells, and other clans, on the Scottish side of the border.
In the year 1550, the Johnstons and Maxwells, and other west
borderers, to the number of one thousand men, entered on the
delateable land, and burned the house of one Armstrong, on
which occasion the Grahams and other borderers of the debate-
able land skirmished with them, and slew some men ; Lord
Dacre (whose descendants have ])een since proprietors of the
Clones estate, in the County of Monaghan), then Warden of
the West Marches, having his forces drawn up to support them,
but not crossing the border to avoid violation of the peace.
In King Edward Vlth's. Journal of his own time, a copy of
which uiay be found in the Appendix to Bishop Burnett's His-
tory of the Reformation, there is the following note of this
affair: — "16th of August, 1550, the Earl of Maxwell came
down to the North Border with a good force, to overthrow the
I
•lit
iU
' i •
1^; I '1
300
Grames, who were a certain family that were yielded to me ,
but the Lord Dacre stood before his force with a good band of
men, and so put him from his purpose, and the gentlemen callwi
Grames skirmished with the sa^ Earl, slaying certain of \m
men/* In Nicholson's History of Cumberland, there is an
account of a long correspondence about this affair, and the re-
sentment of the Scotch was so great, that many of the men of
the debateable land, threatened to become liege men of Scot-
land, to avoid the effects of their vengeance, unless the English
Warden would agree to protect them effectually. The end of
the dispute was, that the debateable land was divided between
the two kingdoms, by commissioners, assigning the upper part
of it to Scotland, and the lower, where most of the Grahams
dwelt, to England.
The leaders of the clan in 1600, were- -
Walter Grame, the goodman of Netherby ; John Grame, of
Aughousewell ; Fergus Grame, of Sowport ; David Grame, of
the Milieus ; John Grame, of the Peretree ; the goodman of
the Moat ; young Hutchins' clan ; William Grame ; William
Grame, son to Eobbie ; Jocks Johnie ; Eobert Grame, son to
Hutchins ; Davie and his brother Andrew ; Hutchins Arthur ;
William Grame, of the Fald ; William Grame, of the Kose-
tree — (these two had a great number of followers). Davie, of
Bankhead ; Jock of the Lake ; Dicks Davie ; William Grame,
goodman of Meclop.
James VI., on his accession to the Crown of England, ban-
ished the Grames, or transplanted them to the North of Ire-
land — his arbitrary proclamation alleges that they had peti-
tioned for their removal from the country, as being no meet
persons to live in it. Much of this King's animosity against
the Grames was suspected to have arisen from their constant
adherence to the English interest. There was a tax imposed
on Cumberland for the expense of transporting them, the total
of which amounted to £408 19s. 9d. sterling. They were
transported at three different times, the money being divided
among them at the rate of about one or two pounds each.
Nicholson has published the names of those who were removed
at the second and third transportations. Most of these par-
ticulars are extracted from the Introduction to the Border His
tory, and are taken by the Authors of that Work, from a folio
•e yielded to nic ,
-h a good band of
gentlemen callrd
ng certain of hi-;
and, there is an
iffair, and the r(-
ly of the men of
ege men of Scot-
nless the English
,lly. The end of
divided between
g the upper part
of the Grahams
John Grame, of
David Grame, of
the goodman of
ji-rame ; William
t Grame, son to
•utchins Arthur;
le, of the liose-
vers). Davie, of
William Grame,
)f England, ban-
le North of Ire-
; they had peti-
being no meet
limosity against
1 their constant
s a tax imposed
g them, the total
ig. They were
sy being divided
kVO pounds each.
ho were removed
ist of these par-
• the Border His-
ork, from a folw
301
manuscript, written by Richard Ball, Clerk of the Marches in
the reign of Queen Elizabeth.
The Grahams were great favourites on the Border, and their
banishment was celebrated by a popular song to a pathetic air,
called, " / ivill awa, and will not tarry." A copy of it is pre-
served in the Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, with some ad-
ditional verses on the occasion of the Marquis of Montrose's
misfortunes in the reign of Charles I. It runs thus : —
" Now faro thee well, sweet Ennerdale,
Baith kith and countrie, I bid adieu,
For 1 maun away, and I may not stay.
To some uncouth land which I never knew.
To wear the blue I think it beat
Of all the colours that I see,
And I'll wear it for the gallant Grahams,
That are banished from their ain countrie.
I have no gold, I have no land,
I have no pearl nor precious stane,
But I would sell my silken snood,
To see the gallant Grahams come hame.
In Wallace days, when they began,
Sir John the Graham did bear the gree,
Through all the lands of Scotland wide,
He was the Lord of the south countrie.
And so was seen full many a time,
For the summer flowers did never spring,
But every Graham, in armour bright,
Would then appear before the king.
They all were dressed in armour sheen,
Upon the pleasant banks of Tay,
Before a king they might be seen.
These gallant Grahams in array."
In the earlier copies of the song, this stanza ran thus : — ■
" They all were dress'd in armour fine,
Upon the pleasant banks of Tyne. ' '
il
'II
\^'
A
\\
l< f t'i
\
S02
Which must have applied to the Border Grahams, not to tlio>f
of Monteith.
Stanza XXL— Line 1—" Mhington."
William Babington was one of those who signed the addro-
to King William and Queen Mary, at Londonderry, on tli.
29th of July, 1689, This family, which still holds a rcsixda
ble rank in the Counties of Londonderry and Donegal, isdcv
cended from Brutus Babington, Doctor of Divinity, a native o;
Cheshire, and fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge ; l.,
was promoted to the Bishopric of Derry by King James I., am
consecrated at Drogheda in the year 1610 ;he died the yar foi
lowing. The persons of this name attainted by King Janu v
Parliament, on the Ttliof May, 1689, were Matthew Babington,
of the county of Tyrone, gentleman ; AVilliam Babington, Esi]
and Uriah Babington, of Cork. On the 7th of August, lG4i
Mr. Brian Babington was buried in Londonderry, and on tlit
6th of May, 1642, Elizabeth, wife of Edwin Babington, m-
also interred there.
lli^
me
all.
in
pu
i
Line 2. —'' Mikhelhum.''
For an account of this distinguished mian, see the Diary. Tli-
following is a copy of the inscription on his tombstone, in tli'^
old churchyard of Glendermot, which is in complete prcserva
tion. For many years after his death, and even in the mcmurv
of some persons now living, a convivial association of tiiult-
men existed in Derry, who called themselves the Mitcliell)Uii
Club, and made an annual visit to the tomb of the hero :—
" Here lieth the body of Colonel John Mitchelburn, graiulHi
of Sir Richard Mitchelburn, of Broadheart, Stanmoie, in it
County of Sussex, a valiant soldier, faithful, pious, and cliaii':
able, expecting the resurrection of the just. He was Gcnenn:
and Commander-in-Chief in the late memorial siege of Londr
derry, in 1689, in defence of the Protestant interest, in tliefir?:
year of the reign of King William of blessed memory. He lii
thanks from the King for that eminent service, and detoas'
on the 1st day of October, in the year of our Lord, 1721 , iu'i
76th year of his age."
Mitchelburn does not seem to have been a favourite with tli'
:*;"
:M):\
hams, not to tliosf
\ngton"
signed the addre,.
donderry, on tli,
I Iiolds a re,s|in;ta
d Donegal, isdcv.
livinity, a native o;
Igo, Cambri(lg(; ; 1,
King James I.^aiii
e died the y.ai' foi
by King JaiiKN.
atthewBal)ini,^ton,
m Babington, Exj
1 of August, m.
Jerry, and on tl>
n Babington, iv;i
I
see the Diary. Tl;
tombstone, in rli'
complete prcserva
i^en in the memorv
ociation of trade-
s the Mitcludliu
of the hero :—
helburn, grand,>i
Stanmore, in i!
pious, and cliaii
He was GoveiTn.'j
\. siege of Londri,
iiterest, in t]ie fir-:
iiemory. Wvh.
ice, and decease,
Lord, 1721, in 'it
avourite withtl-i
Historical Poet, wliose work was found in Ai-niagli, for In; is
mentioned in it but twice, and on (Uie of these occasions it is
all«'g«'d, that i\w council formed for tlie redress of grievances,
in tht; city, had put him under an arrest. He is, howevcir, thus
praised at the expense of Gov(a-nor Walker, by a friend who
pubHshed a defence of his cliai'acter, ah'eady nK^ntioned :—
"Though loud-tongued fame so highly has Idown the great re-
nown of Doctor Walk(T in England, as truly mucli pi-aise was
due to him for having been so gi-eat an animator of th(^ Protes-
tiint cause in the worst of times, wliicdi was his proper trade
to be ; yet after the death of Coh)Mel Baker, wliicli liappcned
in the height of the town's distress, and (hu'pest calamities,
Colonel Mitchelburn was in joint conunand with the Doctor,
wliose conduct appears more conspicuous in the eating part
than the fighting, and reason good, the; charge of the stores
being committed to him alone, whilst his l)rother Governor
Avas only the martial colleague, and the entire management
of the town's defence lodged wholly in Colonel Mitchelburn's
breast during the whole time. As his principles were too
honourable to listen to any allurements ()f the enemy without
the walls, so his liardships within were not able to shake his
loyalty, nor lessen his undaunted courage, which appeared
particularly in his planting the bh)ody flag on the Ptoyal Bas-
tion, and afterwards mounted it on the steeple of the Cathe-
dral, to show the besieged, as well as the besiegers, the height
of resolution, as they found in the sequel, for when the enemy\s
politic barbarity had driven the Protestant part of all the coun-
try around, without respect of persons, age, or sex, to starve
under Derry walls, to return to the great civility with no
less policy than bravery, he erected a lofty gallows in sight
of them, to hang twenty-one Lords, Kniyhis, and other Comman-
ders, which had been taken l)efore, as trophies of a victory
lately obtained, which stratag(nn obliged the foe to let the
affrighted people retire from danger. Nor had he the happi-
ness only to save the town through that miserable siege, a
service of so high importance, that the King's tluai tottering
interest in Ireland was kept in equilibrio by him, till Lieu-
tenant-Geueral Kirk approaching turntMl the scales ; but h(i
had the unhappiness likewise of feeling, in a givat measure,
th*^ smart of war, as wtdl as the reaping the glory of it, hav-
• si
"M
1 V
!
I \^,
304
ing liad tlio irr(']mr.ibl(! misfortuno of losing his dear ladv
and cliildron, with all his family, by the rage of ])estilenoi
and deadly famine, in this t(>rrible siege. Yet though ho liai]
80 dismal un occasion of exercising his passive as well as lii>
active courage, my much honoured friend, constant to hot!;
sorts of magnanimity, with the same equal tem])er, bore tli
fortune which dressed his brows with cy])ress, as that wiiid
crowned them with victorions laurels." When Colonel i^ itclicl-
burn was accused by two of his officers already mentioned, of
having plundered some towns after he had taken Sligo by storm,
no magistrates in the country wouhl take the informations, upon
whicli they despatched one George Rob, a tobacco merchant, to
Dublin, to lodge the complaint — the result, however, provcil
highly honourable to the accused hero, and among other testi-
monials whicli were elicited by the accusation, were the follow-
ing from the city of Londonderry and the town of Coleraine :—
"We, the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses of the city of
Londonderry do hereby attest and certify that Colonel John
Mitclielburn, Governor of said city, and since the siege of Derry
having his regiment, or a greao part of them, quartered here
many months, kept said garrison in good order, discipline, and
temper, and paid their quarters, and was careful of the preser-
vation of the place, both from any insults of the enemy, and
from all irregularities of his soldiers, and by all means in his
power made his government in this garrison on all occasions
easy and pleasing to us, for wliich service and deportment lie
was elected and sworn AN Aldekman of the city — in testimony
whereof we have set our hands, and affixed the common seal of
the city, the 3rd day of February, 1G90- Gervais Squire, mayor,
Samuel Norman, Alexander Tomkins, Alexander Lecky, Thomas
Moncrief, Henry Ash, William Crookshank, Robert Shenan,
William Morrison, John Harvey, Francis Neville, Albert Hall.
Alexander Cunningham, John Crookshanks, John Nighten-
gale, George Gravel, John William Mackie, Robert Harvey."
" We, the inhabitants of the town of Coleraine, do certify,
that during the time the regiment belonging to the Honourable
Colonel Mitchelburn, Governor of Londonderry, did quarter and
keep garrison in this place, both officers and soldiers behaved
themselves very orderly, soberly, and civilly, to the town and
country people, paying thankfully for what they called foi.
I Ittt
S 1
mi I 9 I ' '■ i
'If
i[
no5
; his tlcar ladv
ge of i)estilt'nrf
: thougli he had
e .'IS well as his
instant to hoth
einpor, bore tl,i
, as that wliiil
I^oloncl >'it(:lK'l-
f mentioned, of
1 Sligo by storm,
formations, upon
eco merchant, to
however, provcil
long other test;-
were the follow-
of Colerain(^ :—
>s of the city of
it Colonel John
le siege of Dt'iry
quartered here
% discipline, and
j1 of the preser-
the enemy, and
,11 means in his
on all occasions
I deportment he
'■ — in testimony
common seal of
s Squire, mayor,
Lecky, Thomas
?Jobert Shenaii,
Ic, Albert Hall
ohn Nighten-
lobert Harvey."
ine, do certify,
,he Honourable
did quarter and
)ldiers behaved
D the town and
ey called foi:
which we certify as truth to whom it may concern. Dated at
Coleraine, the 3rd of February, 1090 : William Godfrey, mayor,
Richard Adams, Edward Howard, Alexander MacPhilij), Daniel
Browne, Richard TiVnam, Thomas Lances, John Twaddle,
David Wilson, .John G , James Oustiane, Wm. Ross, and
Hugh Bankhead "
Line 3. — " Aihm Murray.''
For the actions of this hero, I must refer to the Diary. The
Armagh Bard thus notices him urging the Derrymen to rejejt
the proposals sent to them by King .James from Mongevlin, by
his host, Archdeacon Hamilton : —
"Archdeacon Hamilton by James is sent
Unt«. the city with this compliment,
If they in four days would yield up the town.
All the inhabitants shriuld have their own,
With par(l(jn foi all past rebellion.
And he in his commission sped so well.
That Lundy forc'd the town to article.
Th' ingenious Neville and the said Divine
Went to King James to tell him they would sign
In a few days ; to hasten which the King,
The Irish army to the town did biing.
Delays are dangerous, and he push'd on
The town to sign capitulation.
Which being signed and ready to be sent,
Great Murray throws himself and regiment
Just to the walls, who lay then at Culmore,
And bravely fought his way upon the shore.
Lundy refused him entrance, but the town
Opea'd the gate, unto their great renown.
The loyal party knew his grard design,
Then to his ccmduci they themselves resign.
Then in a moment all the tov/n rebels,
And curse the author of the articles.
For at the guard a proclamation's made,
That all true he;, rts repair to the parade,
With handkerchiefs on arms, that all shall die,
Who would yield up the town to Popery.
Then in a trice eight thousand men convene,
To wdiom great Murray did this speech begin :
Dear '' lends, this city is our last effort,
Let's not quit this f earnestly exhort,
f
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nod
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If .5 I. .
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Lost tli.'it in Albion t' onr diHRraco be spoke,
That wo Hubiiiittod to tho Irish yoke.
HoKl out, l)ravo boys, P^nj^'hind will succour Bond,
If wo like men tho city do dofond.
Hero aro Huthciont to sustain a sioi^e,
If wo to loyalty ourselves obli^'o.
Yot all is vain if wo do not ox|»ol
Tho traitor Tjundy with his falso cabal.
Tho town consi^nts, huzzas now rend the sky,
Thou unto Lundy all in hasto do tly,
To whom groat Murray spoko this fatal speech :
Of troachory I do you now inipoach,
Both to tho Protestant cause and to our King,
A ])()pish reign upon us you do bring;
You (piit tho country to tho enemy,
At Claudy ford you caused our men to Hy,
And now you're thinking to betray the town,
By a capitulation of your own.
Therefore lay down your power, for we'll choose
Such loyal men as will oppose our foes.
Lieutenant Cook, who from fair Lisbum came,
Courageously did the same cause maintain.
Great Murr.ay seiz'd the guards, the keys, and all,
They presently a gen'ral ct)nncil call.
The Church and Kirk do tliither jointly go,
In 0[»position to the common foe —
Although in time of jjoace they disagree,
Ytt sympathize they in adversity.
Them in like words great Murray thus addrest :
Dear friends, the intestine foe I have supprest —
Here at your feet I'll lay down all my power,
If you'll contrive how we may best secure
This loyal town. Then all with one consent.
Agreed upon this form of government :
Baker and Walker governt)rs they chose,
With eighteen regiment's t' oppose the foes.
The horse to Colonel Murray they bestow,
Him gen'ral in the army they allow.
From I'hilipshaugh, near Tweed, his father came.
Where they enjoyed the Lairdship of that name.
The noble name of Murray is well known,
For their great service to tho Royal Crown.
Cairnes and Knockmany his Lieutenant Colonel,
From County Meath his brave Major Bull
Cocliran, C;inU'iry, is tiiiis inciitioiicd in ('a|>t;iiii Pyn-
iijir'.s survey of the csciit^itod couniics of Ulster, in HJli) : —
" Sir Jolui Stcwjirt huth tlircc tliou.sand aci'es cidh'd Cashcl,
Hetiii, and Litturgnll. Upon this proportion there is l)nilt at
Magevlin a very strong casth', with a Hanker at eacli corner,
bnt as yet there is no l)aAvne nor freciiohlcrs nia(h', and for
want of them he saitli the Duke of Ta'iniox sliall answer to tlie
King. But I saw tlie land well inhabited and full of people ;
but what estates they had 1 know not, neither would he call
the tenants togetlujr, Imt showed m«! a counterjtaine of a lease,
and said that eat ii of his tenants had the lik(;." — {IJarriss JJiber-
nica.)
The gateway erected at this time between Mongevlin Castle
and the Foyle is still standing ; but a small limestone Hag, with
the following inscription, fell from the centre of the arch over
it, and is now lying in the court-yard, with another on coarse
white marble : —
T. S.
K. S. T.
IGID.
The inscription on the mar])le Hag is as follows : — " Honor-
able Klizal)etli Hamilton, daughter of John Lord (Ailpei)per,
widow of Uolonel James Hamilton, who lost his life at sea, at
Spain, in the service of his King and country, pui'chased this
manor, and annexed it to the opposite estate of the family
(Donnelong), which paternal estate itscdf wns improved by her
prudent management.to near the yearly income of the dower she
received thereout. She also settled on her younger son, Wil-
liam Hamilton, Esq., an estate she acquired in England, of e(jual
value in the purchase to that, and gave every one of hei ini-
merous offspring, tleseend<*d from both branches, some consid-
erable mark of her parental care. Her eldest son James, Earl
r i
308
f:^
i, ? IW\.
1 1* I
of Abercorn and Viscount Strabane, hath caused this 'inscrip-
tion to be placed here for the information of her posterity."
This flag lies against the front wall of the Castle, which is fast
mouldering into ruin.
The ingenious Neville, mentioned by the Armagh Poet, was
Captain Francis N'-ville, an able engineer, who drew a map of
Londonderry and its environs, as it appeared during the Siege.
His daughter, by his wife, Jane Moore, married John Rea,
great grandfather of John Kea, Esq., of St. Columb's, and of
Charles Rea, Esq., of Rathmullan, the latter of whom has in
his possession a miniature picture of Charles the 1., bequeathed
by the wife of Captain Francis Neville to Charles Rea, Esq.,
granduncle of the gentleman above mentioned. This lady was
buried in the churchyard of Belturbet, in the County of Cavan,
where the following inscription remains on her tomb : — This
monument was erected by Francis Neville, Esq., in memory of
Mrs. Tane Moore, his wife, who departed this life, the 4tn day
of November 1724, in the 79th year of her age, and the 51st
after her marriage, having been the mother of 24 children.
She was borne in the parish of Heyon, Hertfordshire, of a good
family, and came into this kingdom soon after the restoration
of the Royal family, with Sir William Domv die's lady, and
lyeth buried under this monument. She was triendly to her
neighbours, and charitable to the poor."
Murray's prowess at the battle of Pennyburn mill, is thus
described in the Armagh manuscript. : —
" Hector was by the Ltout Achilles slain, &c. &c.
******
r. it
Riitulian Turnus great ^neas slew ;
From David's sling a mighty atone there flew.
Which sunk the proud Goliah down to hell ;
By Murray Maumoiit the French gen'ral tell.
On Sunday morn th' appointed day commenced,
By break of day the Irish horse advanc'd
In squadrons two ; their horse prepar'd to fight
On the left wing ; their foot were on the right.
Maumont their horse, Hamilton their foot command,
At Pennyburn river they began to stand.
I
\
mscnp-
terity."
. is fast
)et, was
map of
e Siege.
in Rea,
, and of
1 has in
ueathed
3a, Esq.,
ady was
p Cavan,
. -.—This
;mory of
4tii day
the 51st
children,
if a good
storaUon
ady, and
y to her
, is thus
aud,
309
The sound of drums and trumpets rent the air,
The flow'r of all King James's men were there.
Then noble Murray hastens to the strand,
Who in like manner does his troops command,
Foot ajjainst foot, horse against horse he plac'd.
In gallant order he the en'my fac'd.
He with a thousand foot his horse sustain'd,
Which noble stratagem the battle gain'd.
Mounted upon a gallant steed that hour,
He fought the Irish w; ' h unequal power.
The loud huzzas of both hosts rent the sky,
Each side prepar'd to meet the en'my.
The Fi-ench came on with glittering sword in hand.
But our smart firing made their horse to stand.
Maumont the French, Murray our horse led on,
Thirst of power led their ambition.
Murray like thunder thro' their squadron broke,
A gallant Monsieur fell at every stroke.
Maumont did likewise with like terror rids.
Through our troops, slaying on every side.
But squadrons fight with equal force and rage,
And in close combat nnitually engage.
Till death and wounds had cover'd all the shore,
For both reserves had fled the spot before,
For our reserves had fled into the town.
And their reserve could uot keep their ground ;
For brave Seddle, an English buccaneer,
Who led the thousand foot caus'd them retire.
In the pursuit brave Major Taate was slain.
Brave Captain Cochran did the >anner gain.
Lieutenant Carr, the Laird of Gra ion's son,
In the pursuit great reputation won.
The strand thus clear'd Murray s .id Maumont meet,
Who with dire threatenings one f nother greet ;
For they had oft sought one ano ulier out,
But still were parted in the bloody rout.
First they discharged their pistols on the spot,
In which first firing Murray's horse was shot ;
Yet the brave beast ne'er feels the deadly wound,
But wheel'd and pranced on the bloody ground.
Redoubled blows they gave with sword in hand,
Which the strong armour scarcely could withstand.
They thunder like the Cyclops at the forge,
When they their metal on the anvil urge.
At last their swords in several pieces flew,
Then with their rapiers they the fight renew,
M
^1
1 ;i
*
310
' i -1
IvMP
r
The brave Maiimont began to ^''.Isify,
And thought the day his own immediately.
He wlieel'd his horse, v/hich then began to spurn,
But noble Murray made a quick return,
For under his sword arm his blade he thrust,
Till at his neck the purple gore outburst.
His fleeting soul with the free blood expir'd,
And our great hero to the foot retired. —
Lib. ill., sec, 1, 2, 3.
The mission of Colonel Murray's father is thus related : —
" General Hamilton had intelligence,
That Murray's father liv'd not far from thence,
AVho's eighty years of age, and somewhat more.
For him he sent a guard with mighty power,
To bring him pris'ner to their northern camp ;
This great surprise did not his courage damp,
For with the guard the old man hastens on,
T' appear before great General Hamilton,
With great courage the senior ask'd his will ;
Quoth he, your son does 'gainst the King rebel,
And forces them to hold the city out.
Whom you may council better without doubt.
In short, we'll hang you up immediately.
If you'll not make him with our will comply.
To whom the senior gave this answer straight :
I'll use authority, and all my might,
But when all's done, I'm sure he'll ne'er disown
His firm allegiance to the English crown.
But if you'll guard me to the town, I'll try
If I can make him with your will comply.
In haste he's guarded to the loyal town,
Wliero he's received with great joy by his son.
They tenderly do one another greet.
And liis grave parent counsels him what's meet .
Dear son, I'm sent by Gen'ral Hamilton,
To see if I can make you quit the town,
But by this sacred book I you conjure
Never to yield unto a Popish power;
Our holy faith and loyalty enjoin
A strict abhorrence of a Popish reign .
Thus Hannibal was at the altar swore
Eternal foe unto the Roman power.
With kind embrace the old man departs,
And to the General the sad news imparts,
I
■f
ni 1
That naught could force hia son to quit the town,
And therefore humbly begs protection.
The gen'roua Hamilton does grant the same,
Then to his dwelling the grave senior came,
Where all along he did in safety dwell,
Tho' by his son the Irish army fell." — Ibid. sec. 0.
! ,
Colonel Murray distinguished himself highly at the battle of
Elagb, where he and an officer named Dunbar wounded two
of the French officers, Berwick and Pontell. He was shot
through the body at the storming of Butcher's-gate, but the
wound did not prove mortal.
'* In a few days their foot and grenadiers.
To storm our walls at Butchers'-gate appears.
The storm was fierce, then Murray sallies out,
At Bishops'-gate, and puts them to the rout.
* * * valine t Murray fought.
And hew'd down hundreds, who his ruin sought.
Till a fierce bullet thro' his body passed,
Then we retreated to the town at last.
Our wounded General on his feet came baf^k.
And ne'er complain'd that he blood did lack.
Brave James Murray, a volunteer, is slain.
Who in his actions did applauses gain .
In a few hours Cochran revenge demands,
And in their lines with a battalion stands.
Captain Wilson and M'Culloch lend their aid,
Who in their lines a horrid slaughter made.
And to their General this service paid.
Hia wound was great, but by the mighty skill
Of Aikin and of Hereman, he grew well
In seven weeks' time. " — Ibid. sec. 12.
Line 4. — " FaJcer reJiown'd in storij."
Colonel Baker, Governor of Londonderry, who died in that
command June 30th, 1689. Walker, who ^ed along with
him as Governor, speaks thus of him in his diaiy, page 25 : —
" His death was a sensible loss to us, and generally lamented,
being a valiant person ; in all his actions among us, he showed
the greatest honour, courage, and conduct, and would it suit
ii \
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312
the designs of a journal, might fill a great share of this account
with his character," Mackenzie says (page 70), that he died
justly lamented by the garrison, in whose affections his prudent
and resolute conduct had given him great interest. He is thus
noticed in the Armagh manuscript : —
" Baker and Walker Governors they chose,
And form'd eight regiments to oppose theirfoes." — Lib. U. sec. 3.
" The foot in manner following they disperse.
Baker and Walker Colonels they chose." — Ibid. sec. 10.
' ' This victory confirmed the government,
Baker and Walker immediately consent,
To settle quarters, and to regulate
The stores, o'er which Harvey a merchant set,
The town into four quarters they divide,
And place two regiments on every side.
They gathered all provisions to a store.
And equally dispense to rich and poor.
This was good policy without all doubt,
That they might longer hold the city out.
They plac'd two great guns at the steeple top.
Which gave the Irish many a deadly pop.
They placed gunners likewise on the walls,
And then despatch each matter as it falls." — Lib. Hi., sec. 5.
" About this time the noble Baker dies,
His loyal soul to his Creator flies.
He's much lamented and admir'd by all,
Who knew his merits, for they were not small.
The town he govern'd with assiduous care.
Was sound in council and expert in war.
Loyal and faithful to our sovereign King,
True to the Protestant cause in ev'rything.
Great was his strength of body, but his soul
Did greater actions, which none dare control.
True to his friend, and faithful to his trust,
Upright in dealing, and to all men just,
In solemn manner we his corpse inter.
As it became a valiant man of war.
A funeral sermon's preach'd, the bells did ring.
And treble volleys his praises sing.
Lieutenant Dalton was his faithful friend
And counsellor, what'er he did intend." — Ibid. sec. 10.
This gallant gentleman was the second of the name of Baker
who died in the service of the Protestant interest, in Ulster ;
liiv»f
t^J
\
1 •
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for in the year 1575, Sorley lioye j\IacJ)oiiiu;l, of Dunluce,
ancestor of the Earl of Antrim, aiiainst whom the uates of TiOii-
tlonderry were closed in KJcS.S, after ha\'iiig received great
fav')ursfi'om the Crown of England, and being by patent, dated
at Westminster, on the 14th of April, 157;), lionoured with tht;
title and privileges of a free denizen of Ireland -assauhed the
Englisli garrison at Carrickfergus, with a company of Scots, and
slew Captain Baker, with his Lieutenant, forty soldiers, and
some of the inhabitants of the town. He was, howevei', by
the conrage of the rest, obliged to retreat ; and Sir Henry Sid-
ney marched to the relief of the town, with C){\() hors'^ and foot,
on the lyth of Octoljer, in tlu; above mentioned year, bronght
lum to terms of agreement and snbniission.
Tlie persons of the name of Baker, attainted by Kingdiimes's
PcU-liament on the 7th of Alay, 1G81), weiv. lli;nry linker, Escp,
County of Louth, with time to surrender till 10th of August,
same year , Charles Baker, County of Waterford ; Francis
Baker, merchant, Waterford; Willi." m Baker, gentleman, of
the same place.
Line 5. — " Poiisonhij Ijrafa''
William Ponsonby, second son of Sir John Ponsonlty, by
Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Henry, Lord Folliot, of Hally-
sliannon. Sir John Ponsonby was Ijorn in the year 160S, and
came into Ireland with Oliver Cromvr«'li, landing in Dublin on
the 17th of August, 1649. In this army he was first Colonel,
and afterwards Major. He had lands assigned to him at this
time as a soldier, in the County of Kerry, at Sta'^kstown and
Crotton, the former of these i)laces had l)een named for Maurice
Stack, a brave undertaker in that county, who Avas basely
murdered by the contrivance of Honor O'lhien, Lady Lixnaw,
sister of the Earl of Thomond. This lady inviteil Stack to dine
with lier, and after dinner desinnl to speak with him privately
in her chamber, when she called out to some persons wlio were
in th(^ house that he had affronted her ; on which they rushed
in with their skeins, and assassinated him. Tlu; Earl of
Thomond was so grieved and incensed Jtt this inhuman act,
that he never suffered his sister to come in his sight alleiwiii'.
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is
Stack, brother of the said Maurice, whom he had kept prisoner
a long time before. From this ancient English family de-
scended tlie Irish family bearing the same name, some of whom
have been Fellows of our University. After the reduction of
Ii eland by the Parliamentary forces, Sir John Ponsonby was
appointed one of the Commissioners for taking the depositions
of the Protestants concerning the murders committed by the
Irish during tne course of the war, and on the restoration of
Charles II. was nominated a Commissioner for executing the
King's declaration of the 30th November, 1 660, for the settle-
ment of Ireland, on which occasion he obtained two grants of
land under the Act of Settlement, and by an abatement of quit
rents, obtained 15th July, 1679, and by acquiring many deben-
tures, he left a considerable estate to his eldest son, Sir Henry,
who dying without issue in the reign of King William, was
succeeded by his brother, the above-mentioned Sir William,
who, in reward for his own and his father's eminent services in
the cause of the Protestant religion, was, by patent, on the 11th
of September, 1721, created Baron of Bessborough ; and after-
wards, on the 28th of February, 1722, raised to the dignity of
Viscount Duncannon. The following preamble to the first of
these patents, marks in the strongest terms, that the honours
of this noble family were granted in reward for their faithful
maintenance of the cause of the English and Protestant interest
in Ireland .• —
" Cum generis antiquitas, animi, fortitudo, consilium atqiie in-
temeratcL fides honi et wqui Principis devincant, Usque diledum d
perfideUm suhd'dmii nostnmi GuLiELMUM Ponsonby armigerum
hd)ens ornamentum perspexerimus, giiippe qui gente darus, ex atair^
nempe apud Pirardos in Gcdlia orkmdus, a Normanica dehellaUoric
ill Britanniam traiislatis ibique in Cumhrice Comitatu per tot secula
considentibus, inde Pater cum abhinc octaginta fere annos in Iliber-
niam, 2)erlclifantibiis, admodum Protestantium, rebus Papist-
ARUlM drfectione, ac nefario gladio transrnJgrasset, illius eum, in n
militarl fadnora nnn solum ad cohortis vrmfedi & equitis gradum
promoverint, sed (dice animi dotes, ngni proceribus compluribus
afjinitate dig nam, qui junretur reddiderint.
" Nee Patre minor pnesens filias, qui eadem prceditus indole, a
prima juwidide ijatrice Ubcrtatis et i/nperii juris se vindicem us^ui:
kept prisoner
sh family de-
some of whom
16 reduction of
Ponsonby was
he depositions
mitted by the
restoration of
executing the
for the settle-
l two grants of
.tement of quit
g many deben-
Ion, Sir Henry,
J William, was
d Sir William,
nent services in
mt, on the 11th
igh ; and after-
the dignity of
to the first of
lat the honours
HT their faithful
)testant interest
nsilium atqiie in-
isque diledum d
)NBY armigerum
3 clarus, ex atavh
mica deheUatiortc
atu per tot secuia
3 annos in Iliber-
I, rebus Papist-
, illiiis eum, in n
& equitis gradum
ihua complurihus
nceditus indole, to Galbralthense
Orand'u^
Swte Lector, I'hle, et dejle exuvias infra
'!
CI
'r
m
■A-^
M
.•! lU
CoiidltaSy nulli nonjlehilis viro
Parentibus non ohscxiris natus est, erudiiiin
Bene, woratus egregie
Quern honestas et inculpata Jicles
Judicium et prudentia longis enata rebus
Erga Deum pietas erga homines benevolentia, ad
Amkois amor pluHquam fraternus.
In pauperes charitas, hi famUlares consilium
In omnes human if us et hospitlum,
Quern dt'uhjuejidem christianinn et orthoi/oxam
Propagamli sfudium fichiomaticos quoscunque
Supprli.iendl ardor inrenle* param'^
(Abslt invidia dlctisj
Quadragiata prope annos in castris (JiiiusTi mllHant
Et meruit, tarn exemplo, tarn, docummtis
Greyis pactndi studlosissimus etiam c m oitoi
Discrimine grasmnte et '' valente liosUr.m rabie
Non alieni appeiens non sui jrrofnsus, dives agris
Ditior ratia, f vitia migravlt, nia'stos amicos
Jia's lorem prolem, nuestlssimom omnium
Conjugem relimjuens.
Anno trstatis suo' 62 et 15 MarthB JEne. Christianas, 1702
Prolem, haid hie sepultam Elizabetham, Ezekiehm, Johannent
(j ulielmum,Annam Elizabetham, Andream ct Jiebeccam."
h 'i
MP T.
W a
Ibid. — '^ Saunderson"
Alexander and Archibald Saunderson were two of those wlio
signed the Address to King William and Queen Alary, ;it
Londonderry, on the 29th of July, 1680.
" Saunderson of Tillylagan, in Tyrone,
With braveiy great reputation won. "
Armayli,
He signalized himself in the battle at Elagh.
i !
T"!
Line 7. — " Horace Kmuecii/."
One of the Sheriffs during che siege. He ;ifUrwards served
_ _ the sanie oifice in 1698, but not being approved of by tlu^
Governmei.t, Alderman Brookes was chosen in his place ; uu
ke
(line
Ufl'lS
Icos
a
ino^, 1702
, Jolianncm
ebeccani."
io of those who
Jueen Mary, at
e,
1."
Armagh M'SS.
L.rwards servotl
'oved of by tlu^
I his place ; ivu'er. Upon his
of the lower
ras discovered,
,ve occasion to
wards adopted
(ssible haste to
he might avail
.thstanding his
intelligence of
of Swords, or-
tence of a ntnv
insurrection in the North, at the same time pronn.dng that the
requisite should be done, pursuant to the tenor of the jirocla-
mation. The Lord Deputy on his rtiturn to the castle of i)ul)-
lin, took care to affix the head of O'Dougherty over the gate,
and immediately wrote to tlu; (.^ueeii, claiming, in his own
name, the performance; of her Majesty's most gracious promise*,
and having great interest at Court, obtained the jjatent for the
forfeited estates with such dispatch as precluded any remon-
strance on the part of Vaughan. A long diseus.sion antl a per-
sonal quarrel being likely to ensue, it was compromised, by a
grant to Vaughan of a large proportion of the barony of Innisli-
owen, which Chichester made over to him, free of rent, for Oi)
years, upon which the present Casth; of liuncranagh was erected,
on the site of O'Dougherty's fentress. Before 1 proceed furthei*
in Mr. Sampson's account of the V^aughans, 1 think it due to
the memory of Sir Arthur Chichester, and to historical fidelity
to observe, of this account of the death of Sir Cahir ODouglierty,
and of the grant of his forfeited lands, that, like Captain Ash's
detail of these transactions, it is unsupported by the public his-
tory of the country, and rests upon the vague authority of oral
or unprinted tradition. It is to be observed also, that Sir
Arthur Chichester marched from Dublin to subdue O'Dough-
erty, on the 5th of July, 1608, and found that Marshal Wing-
field had subdued that sanguinary rebel, and shut him up be-
tween two walls, where he perislnnl for want of food ; and ac-
cording to the foregoing account, it was in five years afterwards
that Sir John Vaughan was sent into Ireland from Wales — so
that he could not have been engaged with Sir Cahir O'Dough-
erty, who perished in the reign of James, not of Elizabeth,
The character of Lord Deputy Chiclvester stood far above the
reach of any imputation of injustice, and is thus sketched in
the inscription on his tomb in the Church of Carrickfergus : —
" Within this bed of death a Viceroy lies.
Whose fame shall ever live— virtue ne'er dies ;
For he did virtue and religion nourish.
And made this province rude, with peace to liourish.
The lewdest rebel he by power did tame,
And by true justice gain'd an honor'd name.
Then now^, tho' he in heaven with Angels be,
Let us on earth still love his memory."
r
'■■',
i
) ;
n
- fi
•I 'I
It ;ii)])(';us, too, l>y tin* lollowiiiLj inscription on tlui wall ol
l\m dil\uH\v,\\ of lion(f(»nerson wlio conhl claim
O'Dou'j^herty's estates, on the grounds of having .subdued hiui,
and obtained possession of liis head ; it ap))ears that this sei-
vice, as well as 1 is having taken Sir Neil I ()'Donnel prisoner in
the rebels' camp at Kaphoe, on the 14th of -hine, IGOS, were
rewarded on tlie 2l)th of June, in the succeeding year, by a
grant of tlie lands of Towerscourt, containing five; miles in
length and Four in lu'ejulth, from which property his (h'scend-
ant, LfU'd Powerscourt, takes his title. Also on the 3rd of
December, 1010, he had a grant of the castle and lands of Heii-
burb, in th(5 county of Tyrone, containing 200 acres, and alsd
of other lands in the county of Wexford. After he had seized
O'Donnel at Ix'aphoe, he conveyed him on board a King's ship,
then lying in the harbour of ])erry, and sent him round to
Dublin ; and he afterwards took Castledoc before he fought the
battle in which Lodge alleges that he slew O'Dougherty. Sec
the PiHrcrsanirt raiciil ami Lnhjih Peerage, Vol. 11. page .'3r)G,
I now proceed Avith the remainder of Mr. Sampson's note.
" George Vanghan, third in descent from Sir John Vaughan,
was Governor of the county of Donegal, and lived in the Cas-
tle of Buncranagh. He had large estatew in the counties of
Donegal and Fermanagh, and was married to Miss Alice, daugh-
ter of Sir Thomas Fortescue, of Drumisken, in the county of
Louth, (a great sii fever ill, lG80,jby whom he had issue one
daughter, A\ho died young. He had four sisters, the eldest of
whom was married to Colonel Wm. Sampson, the second to Mr,
Brooke, and the third to Mr. Hart ; the fourth died unmariied.
I find, in one of the family papers, mention is made of an in
cident, which, however trifling in itself, caused a serious breach
Im^ wall (il
lor Kvf and
.i^hci-ty thill
inch.
.1111(1."
could claim
ubdiied him,
hat this sci-
1 prisoner in
IGOS, wciv
u'^ year, hya
iv(! miles in
iiis descend-
i tlie :W{\ of
lands of Hen-
ires, and alsd
he had stjized
, Kin<^'.s ship,
im round to
he fought tlii^
gherty. See
. jnuje 350,
npson's note.
Iin Vaughan,
d in the Cas-
e counties of
Alice, daugli-
le c(junty of
id issue one
the eldest of
second to j\Ir,
d unmarried,
ide of an in
erious l)reac'h
cvenin;^
, :]21
Itelvvern I he JMniilies of Vaughan and Sampson. Oni
alter dinnn-, Vaiighan liavini; hoastrcl rather [)roudly <»f the
acluevements of his fanuly, wiiich Siiinjison <'(>nsidered as
greatly inte'iior to his own one of old Knglish descent. " What,"
said he, " are you at the best, hut a descendant of a W<']sh archi-
tect /" Tins repartee was never forgiven ))y the \'au,^hans till
tlu' family of Sani])S(»n were excluded from any sh;u'e of tlu^
inheiitaiice, exce[)t in tlie instance of the ('(doiid's daughter,
Mary, to whom he h^ft ins valiial)lc leasehold of iNuthall, which
she enjoyed for .32 yeais, having l)e(|imathed it to tlu^ Itev.
Aithur Sampson, her nci»lu'W ; Itiit he dying before her, the
legacy lap.sed, and this, i.og<'ther with otln-r valual)le estates,
devolved to the representatives of tlu^ two younger married
sisters of Vaughan, as residuaries under his will. This will
containcid l)e<[uesis to a great amount for charitable uses, one of
which was for tha (endowment of a ('barter Scbocd in the
county of b'lirmanagh, and the other was that of a hirge estate,
which he had purposely ))urchased in North Caroliiui, for en-
dowing missionaries to convert the; Indians to Christianity.
But in this latter caae, his benevolent intentions were not car-
ried into execution. Mr. Vaughan was distinguished through
lif(^ as an enteiprising imju'ovc^r : he l)uilt the town of Ihuun-aii-
agh, and there erected the first bleach-green and machinery
which existed in his native count}', lie also erected salt-])ans
at Porthall, after having built on that place a handsomer dwcdl-
ingdiouse, several villages, and numerous offices of almost
every useful description, lie lived with hospitality, approach-
ing to a princely display, and finally he died at Porthall,
whence his corpse was brought to Londonderry, where it lay
in state for three days and nights, after wliich it Wiis conveyed
to the family burying-ground in the old church of i^'ahan, on
the north side of the chancel. The name is extinct, and there
is no monument over the tomb."
Sir John Vaughan was one of the executors of the will of
Sir Kiehard Hansard, of Litford, wliich was mad(^ on the Otli
of September, 1019, and l)y his carc^, and that of his fellow
execi.cor, Thomas Perkins, Esq., the church and school house of
Lifibrd were afterwards erticted according to the provisions of
that will, although it was disputed and set aside by the surviv-
ing brother of the testator, with whom thev made au amicable
I .
I
f
■%m-
I: 1
settlement, by Mie payment of sixteen hundred pounds. Sir
Frederick Hamilton, ancestor of Lord Viscount Boyne, mar-
ried Sidney, daughter of Sir John Vaughan, whose lady was
daughter to tbe Earl of Leicester.
In 1643, Sir James Vaughan, Governor of Londonderry
and Culmore t'ort, r.ied, and was succeeded in both these situa-
tions by Sir Kobert Stewart, who had been Captain of Cul-
more Fort, and Representative of the City of Londonderry in
Parliament. Francis, son of George Carey, of Redcastle, who
died on the 23rd of April, 1640, married Alice, daughter of
Captain Henry Vaughan.
<*?: S
m
Stanza XXHL— Line 1— "Bauson"
Walter Dawson was one of those who signed a public declar-
ation on the 13th of April, 1389, that they would appear and
fight for their country and religion on the fittest grjund be-
tween Lifford and Claudy Fort. The gentlemen of this name
attainted by King James's Piirliarnent were, according to Arch-
bishop King'slisii of them, John Dawson, gentleman, Monaghan;
John Dawson, gentleman, Londonderry ; Isaac Dawson, gentle-
man, Monaghan : Lancelot Dawson, gentleman, do.; Richard Daw-
son, Esq., Louth ; Captain Richard Dawson, Monaghan ; Walter
Dawson, senr., Esq., Londonderry ; Walter Dawson, junr.,
gentleman, do. ; Captain Waiter Dawson, Monaghan ; William
Dawson, Esq., do. I am unable to ascertain which of tliese
gentlemen was the defender of Londonderry, recorded in the
stanza. Joshua Dawson, Esq., the proprietor of the Castle-
dawson esta<^d, and ancestor of George Robert Dawson, the pre-
sent worthy re])resentative of this Protestant county in Parlia-
ment, was at tiiat time a very young man. His eldest daugh-
ter was married to Major-General Gustavus Hamilton, Baron
Hamilton, of Stockallan, in the year 1722.
" Camjjsie."
John Campsie Avas Mayor of Londonderry in 1688, until the
12th of October, when he was displaced to make way for Cor-
mick O'Neill of Broughshcxne. Henry Campsie was one of the
Prentice Boys who shut the gates against the Earl of An-
i ''n:
pounds. Sir
t Boyne, mar-
hose lady was
Londonderry
'th these situa-
ptain of Ctil-
Dndonderry in
edcastle, who
daughter of
, public declar-
d appear and
st grjund be-
of this nam(^
xling to Arcli-
m, Monaghan ;
[awson, gentle-
; Richard Daw-
,ghan ; Walter
•awson, junr.,
ban ; William
vhich of these
3orded in the
)f the Castle-
iWson, the pre-
nty in Parlia-
eldest dauc;li-
nilton. Baroii
588, until the
way for Cor-
i^as one of the
Earl of An-
323
trim's regiment ; he was wounded by one Linegar, a reputed
Papist, when endeavouring, with others, to secure the maga-
zine, which circumstance increased both the number and resolu-
tion of the Protestant mob on that occasion. See Mackenzie's
Narrative, page 8.
Line 2.—" Albert Hair
This distinguished defender of Londonderry was the ancestor
of John Chambers, Jlsq., of the Cassino, and of Hall Chambers,
Esq., of Dublin. He died on the 28th of April, 1701, aged 48
J' ears, and is buried in the cathedral church-yard of this city,
where a handsome monument has been erected over his grave.
He was one of those who signed the address to King William
and Queen Mary, sent from Londonderry by Governor
Walker, on the 29th of July, 1689.
<(
Barry. ^'
John Barry was one of eighteen who set forward a resolu-
tion in Derry, on the 13th of April, 1689, to assemble and
fight for their liberties, at Claudy Ford, Lifford, and the Long
Causeway.
The Protestants of this name attainted by King James's Par-
liament, were Richard Barry, Lord Santry, of the County of
Dublin ; Laurence Barry, commonly called Lord Buttevant,
and Richard Barry, gentleman, all of the same county.
Line 3. — " Croolcshank.^
The family of Crookshank was of high respectability in the
city of Londonderry. William Crookshank was one of the
Sheriifs in 1692, and John Crookshank an Alderman in 1704.
The defender of Londonderry, of this name, is thus mention-
ed in the Armagh MSS. Lib. 11, Sec. 14 :—
"Lieutenant Crookshank dismounts from our walla
Th' enemies' cannon, &c., &c., &c.
'i'
i
I'l
'M
r:p
>.,;■
I
'i:;;,
II
[ly
11
V' i
'i?- t
|-
tain in King William's army, and assisted at the storming of •
the citadel of Liege, and was wounded when Lieutenant-Colonel
of Dragoons, at the battle of Almanza, under Lord Galway,
Avho, for his spirited conduct on that da}', gave him the com-
mand of the regiment, the Colonel ( Killigrew) having been
killed at the beginning of the action ; he was afterwards
Colonel by brevet, and was twice rei)resentative of the county
of Antrim. His grandson, Clotworthy L^})ton, was advanced
to the Peerage of Ireland, by patent, at Dublin, in 177(5, by
the title of Lord Baron of Templetown, in the county of
Antrim.
Line 5. — " Gevcau S;iulre"
This was a leading man among the heroes who defended
Derry on tliis memorable occasion, as will appear fi-om the
Diary. He served as Mayor in 1691, and died on the 7th of
danuary, 1004, leaving a considerable property. His descend-
ant and repi-esentative, now a minor, resides near ?danor-Cuu-
liingham, in the county of Donegal.
Alderman S(paire is thus noticed in the Armagli MSS. : —
And (lervais Squire Avith all his might assists
In Council, and ourtroo])s Avitli stores subsists."
Lib ("('., .^''C, 5,
i
1i
V
■J'
■ H
'.I ■
:i.
. I
M.
l:
1
J! 'M
1m
1' '^'1
1' ' ^1
1' ' '''
,< i».
W \
I (
*-
V ■;' ■
't )^
i
■til
'*'2
326
The gentlemen of this name who were attainted by King
James's Parliament were these ; Captain Gervais Squire,
of Donegal, or Londonderry, and Thomas Squire, junr, of Lim-
erick, gentleman. William Squire, Alderman of Londonderry,
died on the 1st of February, 1C92.
Line 6. — " James Currij.''
This gentlemen was ancestor of the respectable family of the
same name resident in Londonderry, and also to Sir Henry
Torrens, K.C.B., Mr. Sergeant Torrens, and the venerable
Archdeacon of Dublin. He was a leading man in Derry dur-
ing the siege, and was the sixth of the thirty-six gentlemen
who signed a declaration of Union there on the 21st of March,
1688. {See Walker's Diary, page 42.)
Line 7. — " Adams, of Strabane.
" Watson's made master of th' Artillery,
Two hundred gunners and montrosses be ;
James Murray was conductor to the train :
Our engineer was Adams of Strabane.
Armayh MSS. Lib ii.[sec G.
Stanza XXIV. — Line 1 — " Lennox and Lecky.''
" Lennox and Lecky who are aldermen.
For speedy succours went into Scotland ;
Out of their stores our army clothes receiv'd ;
Thus all the Aldermen themselves behav'd."
Armagh MlSS. Lib. sec 10.
Alderman James Lennox, Mayor of Londonderry, and re-
presentative of that city in Parliament, died on the 4th of
August, 1723, aged 71 years. Alderman Alexander Lecky
died in the year 1718.
Line 5. — " Conyngham."
There were three families of this name in Londonderry dur-
ing the siege — the heads of them were distinguished from etich
other by patronymics, according to the Scottish custom, viz :
)ii^.
(|t
827
jited by King
Irvais Squire.
junr, of Lim-
ILondonderry,
family of the
bo Sir Henry
bhe venerable
in Derry dur-
ix gentlemen
list of March,
n :
Lib ii.[sec G.
Lecky"
v'd;
i."
Lib. sec 10.
lerry, and re-
1 the 4th of
:ander Lecky
londony din-
ed from each
custom, viz ;
Alderman Jack, Jew Jack, and Merchant Jack — from the
former of these are descended Conyngham M'Alpin, of Dublin
Esq., the late Mr. Conyngham M'Crae, of Lifford, the Balls of
Shannan, and the Sproules, lately resident in Strabane. Alex-
ander Cunningham, one of the 'Prentice Boysi who shut the
Gates, was the great grandfather of Mr. Richard Cunningham,
of Castle-Cooley, near Burt Church, in the county of Donegal.
James, John, and Micheal Cunningham were among thote who
signed the address to King William and Queen Mary, on the
29th of July, 1G89. Alexander Cunningham was Ensign in
Captain John Tomkin's company of foot, of which James
Spraight was Lieutenant.
" Brooke:'
Brooke or Brooks, a merchant, of whom the Armagh MSS,
thus makes mention in the catalogue of the contributors to-
wards holding out the city against James : —
" James Hoe Cunningham and Master Brooks,
Gave great supplies as are seen by their books,
Ewin and Wilson, merchants, gave tlie same,
And forty merchants whom I cainiot name.
Harvey, a tanner, was a leading man,
And John, his son, now their chamberlain.
The same and Curlew did attend the store,
Providing portions both to rich and poor.
Alderman Craig with stores assists the town,
Preaching obedience to the English Crown.
Cocken, an Alderman, in Ccmncil sat,
He did the Church and State both regulate,
Alderman Hobson with stores of provision,
Su})plied the forces of our garrison .
The Burgesses ;ind Freemen gave their aid,
And for their loyalty have nobly paid.
Eady, a merchant, was at vast expense,
Tn stores and money for the town's defence.
Morrison and Shannon apothecaries
Were at vast expense for remedies.
Master Mackay and Evans did assist,
And with their substance did our troops subsist,
Then Master Mogridge, Clerk of the Crown,
With stores and council did assist the town.
Captain Moncrief rais'd a company,
And Captain M orrison fought the enemy.
h 5
' I
Fi ii i
\
A
•ii
V
r ! i
r
^l
f^-^ i
f !
^^ii-
11
li^; .
ij:
328
Th\i3 all the tcwn were at a vast expense,
In stores and nioii'^y for the town's defence.
The county, likewise, gave a helping hand,
And with their forces did the foe withstand."
Armmjh MS>S., Lib. li., sac. 5.
I linve tiilven this op})ortuiuty to give greater publicity to
tlie above-mentioned names, which are too numerous to l)e in
serted in the text. Homer's catalogue of ships is not a greatci'
curiosity than this old poem, and there cannot 1)e a nmcli
greater literary desideratum than the recovery of eight pages of
it which had been lost. Alderman James Hobson died on tlu'
;30th of July, U;i)7.
Line G.--'' Major rhilijjs:'
" Old Major Phihps, a Chief in /or%-ovie,
In's ninetieth year into the city came,
Endur'd the siege, and with sound counsels taught
Our brave commanders, who the enemy fought."
For this gallant veteran's service during the siege, I mn.st
refer to the Diary ; he was, however, distinguished highly lor
his patriarchal care of the Protestant Colonies in Ulfeter, for
half a century before. He M'as the author of the celebratt'd
letter to King Charles L, in 1G34, complaining of the London
Companies' breach of charter in replanting the Irish Papists in
place of the English and Scotch Protestants who had Ix-en
settled on their lands. He foi-etold the consequences of tlii-j
line of polic}', with as little; effect as Dr. Duigenan, Sir Pacliard
Musgrave, and others, have forwarned the Pritish (Jov(;rnm<'Ut
of the inevitable result of similar arrangements for the List
forty years. Tlie rc.'bellion and massacre of 1641, butt(jo fully
veritied Major Philips's letter within eight years after it li;ul
been written. His residence and estate were at Newton-Linia-
vady, in the county of Londonderry. He was, of cinirse, at-
tainted by the pretended Parliament on the 7th of May, lOS'.',
as were also his sons, Ca])tain Thomas Philipy, Captain Chris-
topher Phihps, of Lhiierick ; Captain dohn Philips, ol' \\ e.^t-
meath ; Edward Philips, gentleman, of Cork, and Kich;ue a rnucli
'iglit pages of
11 died on f\\v
taught
gilt."
siege, T mii.st
led Iiigldy lur
ia Ulteter, tbi'
the celehralcd
of the Loiuloi)
fish Papists in
ylio had Ix-eii
uences of this
Q, Sir RiclianI
li Goviii'iinicui.
s for the lust
, but too fully
■s after it had
Newton-Linia-
of C()urs(^, at-
of May, Ki^'l',
Oaptain Chn>
lip.s, of W e.>t-
and IticliMi'l
i
329
Line 7. — *' Captain Godfrey from Cokraine."
" Next him brave Captain Godfrey, from Coleraine,
Into the city with a comp'ny came."
Armagh MSS.
Captain Warren Godfrey, a distinguished officer, \vas one of
those who, on the 29th of July, 1 689, signed the address to
King William and Queen Mary. He appears to have escaped
an attainder from King James's Parliament, but Sankey and
William Godfrey, of Tipperary, ancestors of the family of
Ledger, were attainted, and also William Godfrey, Esq., of
Donegal.
Line 8.—"JemmeL"
Captain Warham Jemmet, Collector of Londonderry.
" Brave Jemmet the Collector of the town.
For its defence, spent great stores of his own."
Ai'magh MSS., Lib. ii., sec. 5.
These contributions, together with the destruction of houses,
merchandize, and other property, during the siege, together
with the expenditure in raising and equipping troops for the
defence of the city, impoverished the inhabitants to such a de-
gree, as reflected great discredit on the ruling powers of the
day, who were in vain, petitioned by the corporation for a repa-
ration ol their losses. Their petition stated their early -lud
singular services and suflerings in the Revolution, the demoii-
tion of the greater part of the city and suburbs, their disburse-
ments in fortifying, providing arms and ammunition, raising
and subsisting forces ; and that after eight years' sufferings and
1 emonstrances, they then remained a poor ruinous spectacle to
all, a scorn to their enemies, and a discouragement to his Ma-
jesty's well-affected subjects.
The House of Commons, on receiving this petition, and re-
ferring it to a committee, resolved that the allegations con-
tained in it were true— that the public losses, disbursements,
and damages sustained by the inhabitants of Londonderry were
moderately computed in it ; that the losses, besides, to private
and particular persons, were very great, and that the governor
and garrison, who, through the utmost sufferings and extremi-
23
'l!
n
, I
,330
ties, (lefciidocl the place, tlicl likewise deserve to have so signal
a service taken into consideration ; and the said city, which had
so eminently suffered, to li\v, se i ' im j;.- s^ ne coripensai ".on to the said city,
governor, and gar;i< \; ^.>v such ways and means, and in such
a manner as his M^r; ty, in his princely wisdom, should think
fit. The King replied, th^L i;e would take these things into
his consideration, according to the desire of his faithful Com-
mons ; but nothing was then done, the debt remains unpaid,
and the families of the contributors of their property and blood
to the cause of their country, were left to suffer in want and
ol)scurity, in a ruined city, with annihilated trade, — See Doug-
lass's Collection of Documents, entitled Derriana, page 176.
Stanza XXV — Line 1. — " Parker from Cohraine."
This officer commanded the Coleraine regiment, consisting of
twelve companies of foot. He behaved very ill at the battle
of Elagh, and deserted to the enemy on the night of the 25th
of April, to avoid the consequence of a court-martial with
which he was threatened. He was succeeded in his command
by Colonel Thos. Lance, of Coleraine, whose conduct througli
the whole of the siege was highly commendable, and who died
in Londonderry, and was buried there on the 11th of Septem-
ber, 1689, about which time it appears that a considerable num-
ber of the leading men of the city, during the siege, were car
ried off by the effects of disease and long continued fatigue.
The Armagh MSS. thus mentions Parker's misconduct: —
" Colonel Parker's oversight."
" When we marched forth we carefully had sent
Most of our horse and foot, a regiment,
T' observe the camp, by Gen'ral Ramsay kept,
Lest they our marching home should intercept.
But Col'nel Parker, for some grand design,
Had them commanded off before that time.
Then Ramsay boldly with his foot and horse,
Came quickly up to intercept our force.
S31
ive so signal
y, which had
: of his Ma
y. All this
1G97, reprt!
Vas M^.josC}
le said city,
and in such
should think
tilings into
■aithful Com-
ains unpaid,
rty and blood
in want and
— See Doiig-
1G 176.
'oleraine."
, consisting of
at the battle
it of the 25th
>martial with
his command
iduct through
and who died
th of Septem-
jiderable nuni
lege, were car-
[ed fatigue,
sconduct : —
3nt
!ept.
This g-uat siir^ rise did al^ our spirits damp,
Fearing our nion were slain by t'other camp,
But Col'nel Murray and '>rave Aubery
Oppos'd the same and f nc'd them back to fly,
Till ail our men got r-afe'y into town,
In which brisk action they gain'd great renown.
T^al jr .^xi i Hammel brought forth a great gun,
Strongthen'd l)y Lieutenant Col'nel Wigton ;
Bui their assistance came to us too late,
For Ramsay's firing forc'd us to retreat.
But Col'nel Parker for some policy,
Fled the same night unto the enemy.
His Coleraine regiment Col'nel Lance obtains,
Who in the present service honour gains."
Lib. iv
Line 2. — " From Garvagh brave George Canmn
Shi
se,
This gallant gentleman brought a regiment ra" \ .pon his
own estate for the defence of Londonderry. The family name
was sometimes spelled and pronounced Kenny, and therefore
he is thus noticed in the Armagh MSS : —
" From Garvagh Kenny sent a regiment." — Lib. 1. Sec. 16.
This gentleman was the ancestor of Lord Garvagh, and of
the Right Hon. George Canning, one of his Majesty's ministers,
disposed to grant a political power to Papists, which those ac-
quainted with the past and present state o( Ireland consider to
be extremely dangerous to the English interest and Protestant
religion in this Island.
Line 7 — ^^ For his Fathers foivn had been biirn'd doicii,"
Sir Richard Cox, in his Hibernia Anglkana, vol. ii. page 99,
give the following sad account of the sufferings of the Protes-
tant tovi^ns in the county of Londonderry, at the very begin-
ning of the rebellion and massacre of 1641 : —
" The Province of Ulster began about this time to be sadly dis-
tressed for want of provisions, insomuch, that when Sir John
Clotworthy advanced from Antrim by thewayof Toome, through
the Barony of Laughinshalin, in the county of Lon(londerry,
he found the Irish under so great a pressure of famine, that they
« I
^^
1/1
I' '
I' '
■ >
■'h
I-'
i^'
■ ■ .
f.
ii' •
332
ate their own dead. The rebels of this barony, as they were
amongst the first sufferers by the effects of this dreadful n-
bellion and massacre, so had they been perhajjs the earliest, if
not the most violent of those who engaged in it. On tiie fatal
twenty-third of October, Cormack O'Hagan surprised the
strong castle of Moneymore, belonging to the company of Dra-
pers in London, upon which Mr. William Rowley, who had
been an active man in repressing the Irish, posted off to Cole-
raine, where he brought the first notice of the insurrection
about eight o'clock on Sunday morning, the 24th of October,
which was soon after confirmed by multitudes of pillaged peo-
ple, who flocked into the town that day. The towns of
Desertmartin, Maghera, Vintnerstown (Bellaghy), Dra-
PERSTOWN (Moneymore), and Magherafelt, were burned at this
time, as Mr. Hugh Rowley afterwards informed Sir Richard
Cox. Colonel Edward Rowley having, on the first alarm,
raised a regiment of foot and a troop of horse, and Colonel
Cozens a regiment of foot in the town of Coleraine, the former
marched into the country, and for some time kept an open vil-
lage, called Garvagh, but at length tlie Irish, to a very great
number, whereof many were Colonel Rowley's own tenants fell
upon him, and killed all] his men but eighty, and barbarously
murdered himself, after they had given him quarter. They
then burned and plundered the whole country to the gates of
Coleraine."
The following traditionary account of the fate of Colonel
Canning's father, on this melancholy occasion, has been given
to me upon the authority of the late Rev. Ralph Mansfield,
some time since Rector of the Parish of Errigall, whose church
is in the town of Garvagh : —
" Mr. Canning had, a short time before the breakin^j^ out of
the rebellion, purchased some land on very reasonable terms,
from a person of the name of Cane, or O'Cahan, whose family
was once of great consequence in that part of the country, and
some person having expressed surprise that he should sell it at
so low a price. Cane replied, that he did so with his eyes open,
for he knew he would soon have it back again at any rate. On
the day of the destruction of Colonel Rowley and his regiment,
Mrs. Canning was in an upper room of Garvagh-house, and her
husband remained below stairs. A pike man went up and de-
")
thoy wero
eatlful r?
earliest, if
)ii tiie fatal
prised the
any of Dra-
y, who had
if to Cole-
usurrection
f October,
illaged peo-
le towns of
ighy), Dra-
rned at this
Sir Richard
first alarm,
and Colonel
?, the former
an open vil-
very great
1 tenants fell
barbarously
arter. They
the gate? of
i of Colonel
I been given
h Mansfield,
wrhose church
3akin;!j^ out of
inable terms,
whose family
country, and
ould sell it at
lis eyes open,
any rate. On
his regiment,
lOUse, and her
at up and de-
sired her to walk down stairs— she obeyed, and the first object
that struck her eye was Mr. Canning's head separated from his
body, and placed on the hall table."
Stanza XXVI.— Line 1—'* Aldo-man Tomkins:'
The family of Tomkins was of great wealth and considera-
tion at Londonderry — in the cathedral of which there are'many
monuments of them. They are now represented by Colonel
Knox, of Prehen.
'' Aldenuan Tomkins frc^m Tirkeeran sent
Into camp a gallant regiment ;
Which joined Ci)l(mel Murray as thoy went."
Armagh MSS.
'^ Aldenuan Tomkins raided a troop of horsse. — Lib. i.,sec. 16.
And laid in stores aganist the Irish force." — Ibid. Lib. IL, sec. 6.
"1692, May 1st — Alexander Tomkins, Alderman of Lon-
donderry, was buried." — Uegidry of the Parish of Templemore.
Line 1. — '' Mount Alexander.''
Hugh Montgomery, second Earl of Mount Alexander. This
nobleman was born on the 24th February 1650 — he was the
eldest son of Hugh, third Viscount and first Earl of Mount
Alexander, by Mary, eldest sister of the first Earl of Drogheda.
Being in London in the month of March, 1686, and there evi-
dently perceiving the designs of the Crov n against the Protest-
ants of Ireland, and foreseeing the rup:ure which must arise
between the King and his people, he returned to Ireland, sold
a troop of horse which he had obtained from the Earl of Essex
a few years before, and retired to his seat at Mount Alexander,
in the County of Down, resolved to live there unconcerned
in public affairs. But the intention of the Roman Catholics
being obvious, by their providing arms, and from a letter, dated
December 3rd, 1688, which was dropped at Comber, directed
to his Lordship, and conveyed to his hands, advising him to
look to his house and person, he confederated (in precisely the
same manner which the Orangemen did in 1795) with the Pro-
testants of Ulster for their mutual defence, and those of the
i!.
i
A
p-
334
'< ii
i v^
'4
i\
't-
,1
I;
County Down choso him thoirOoneral Coniniaiuler and Colonel
of their regiment of horse, in which station \w was very active
to oppose th(; army sent into th(i North, under th(5 command
of Colonels Hamilton and Sheldon. — Sec Loihje'n reenuja, Vol.
/., ptuja 374.
Lord Mount Alexander was . i., itec. IG.
Stanza XXVIL— Link 1.
^' From Charhrrwnt came CauJ/ic/d's force,"
" Chichester from Ditiu/aiinoit."
Lieutenant-Colonel Toby (^aulfield, of the Earl of Droglnnla's
regiment, was attainted by King James's prt^tendr'd Parlia-
ment for adhering to King William. He was at the taking of
the Castle of Carrickfergus, on the 2Gth of August, 1089, and
was afterwards engaged at the siege of Tiimerick. On the 8th
and 10th of January, sevt^ral regimcMits l)eing incorporated into
on(! another, the Earl of Drogheda's was one of the iuiml)er, and
Colonel Caulfield was advanced to the command of a regiments
of foot. Colonel John Caulfield, the brother of the above-men-
tioned Toby, was sealed at Tullydowy, in the County of Ty-
rone, and also served in the same cause with his brother.
* ' From Dungannon brave Chichester was sent,
With Caulfield tlie Lord Charlemont's regiment."
Armagh MiSS., Lib. ii., sec. 10.
William Caulfield, second Viscount Charlemont, took up
arms in defev -e of his religion and country, against the attacks
made on botii by King James If., and during the contest that
ensued, not only engaged hims(df, but his brothers, in the same
good cause. W( was attainted, and had his estate sequestered
by the abdicated Prince — but he rose to great rank and con-
sideration as a military officer in the ensuing reigns of Kifig
William and Queen Anne, and died on the 21st of July, 17G7,
the oldest nobleman in the British dominions. Thes ^ otiicers
were the nephews of Toby, third Baron of Charleiuoiit, who
was surprised and mad(» a prisoner, with all his familv, l)y Sir
Phelim O'Neill, on Friday the 22nd of October, IGM. Sir
,! I
;i
I
■^im
fnf
'' 1
i'
1
■■ ..
? '
d
X
i*'
|l
'! '
1
1
V. ri !'
?f !|
i t
I .1
It I i^
l?f'i J
p '^
I'
. '1.
f^ii
Ji
N-
M
336
Phtlim went on that day to dine with his Lordship, who
received and entertained him in a very friendly manner —
but that visit being a signal to the Irish rebels, they repaired
to Lord Chorlemont's cattle in great numbers, and his Lord-
ship's v/hole company, with Captain-Lieatenant Anthony
Strafford, were either killed or imprisoned ; and all their arms
and goods seized b)^ Sir Phelim O'Neill and his Irish followers.
On the same night, Sir Phelim marched his force to Dungannon,
and took that tov;n, in which upwards of sixty Protestant
families were put to death. After keeping Lord Charlemont,
with his Lordship's mother, sister, and brothers, and the rest
of the family sixteen weeks prisoners in Charlemont, this fero-
cious rebel sent them about six miles distance to Killenane, the
h juse of Laurence Netterville, and the next day, sending away
Major Patrick Dury, the Lord Caulfield earnestly desired Sir
Phelim that the Major might stay with him, because he could
speak the Irish language, but Sir Phelim answered that the
Major was a traitor, and should not stay with his Lordship,
but that he should have better company before night ; and the
same day committed the charge of this nobleman to Captain
I^eill Madhera O'Neill, and Captain Neill McKenna, of Trough,
in the county of Monaghan. with directions to convey him to
Olougher Castle, in the county of Cavan. That night he was
taken to Kinard Castle, Sir Phelim's own residence — when go-
ing into the castle between the tw^ Captains who had charge
of him, McKenna spoke to Edniond Boy O'llugh, foster-
brother to Sir Phelim, saying, *' Where is your heart now 1 "
Whereupon the said Edmond shot Lord Caulfield in the back,
whereof he then died. William, the third brother of this noble
sufferer, and fifth Baron of Charlemont, had the good fortune
to apprehend Sir Phelim O'Neill, who was hanged for this and
other barbarous murders, in the year 1652. With these recol-
lections, the Caulfields came to defend Londonderry in 1689.
Line 2—" Chichester:'
Sir Arthur Chichester, afterwards third Earl of Donegal,
commanded a regiment of foot in the service of King William.
His father, the second Earl, had been attainted by King James's
Parliament as ar. absentee. The uncltt of tho latter, Arthur,
.mZ^/^
n
rdship, who
ly manner —
hey repau-ed
md his Lord-
nt Anthony
ill their arms
ish followers.
Dungannon,
y Protestant
Charlemont,
and the rest
ont, this fero-
Killenane, the
sending away
ly desired Sir
;ause he could
ered that the
his Lordship,
ight ; and the
lan to Captain
[la, of Trough,
convey him to
t night he was
nee — when go-
'ho had charge
'Hugh, foster-
• heart now 1 "
Id in the back,
?r of this noble
e good fortune
ed for this and
bh these recol-
rry in 1689.
rl of Donegal,
King William.
f King James's
latter, Arthur,
337
first Earl of Donegal, was resident at Carrickfergus when the
tirst tidings of the rebellion were brought thither on Saturday,
the 23rd of October, 1641, about ten o'clock at night. He
immediately, by fires and alarm drums, raised the country, and
the next day, leaving fifty musketeers under Captain Lyndon, to
guard the castle, delivered the rest of the arms and ammunition
to the Protestant countrymen, whom he formed into companies,
and on the 25th of the saiihe month he joined Lord Mont-
gomery at Lisburn. Their forces united were about one thou-
sand horse and foot, and on the first of November, a commission
arriving from the Lords Justices and Council, to him and Sir
Arthur Tyringham to command-in-chief within the County of
Antrim, they took the beat methods in their power for the
suppression of the rebellion.
Line 5 — " Colqvhoun frota Ldierkmny ai'/iie."
" liim( Groves of Castleshanuacihan,)
Him, Charles Colquhoun assisted with some horse
From Letterkeniiy, and they join'd our force.
Those and some thousands more came to the plain. "
Armagh MSS., Lib. /., Sec. 17.
This gentleman was the ancestor of a respectable family of
the same name, which is still resident at Letterkenny. He
was attainted by King James's Parliament, with time given him
to the 10th of August, 1689, to surrender himself.
Line 8 — ^^ Adam Downlmj.''
Captain Adam Downing, of the County of Londonderry,
was attainted by King James's Parli.:.ment. He was ancestor
of the late Rev. Clotworthy Downing, Rector of Leckpatrick,
in the County of 'J'yrone, who inherited from him a consider-
able property in the neighbourhood of Castledawson and other
places. He died at his residence near that town, many years
after the revolution, and was buried in the family vault at Bell-
aghy, in the County of Londonderry, where a handsome mon-
ument was erected to his memory.
, I
,\
!li -1
Mi
1
Ml/
^' ^
I '
*i ,?
rt
n
■5
H
!S
! :■.
]
'Kl
'i
lit ■
il^
n
I
338
Stanza XXVIIL —Lines 1 and 2.
" Stevenson and Beatty from Slievegallen came across,
Colonel Stewart, with Mulholland of Eden."
By a clerical error, Stephenson was here written instead of
Jackson, and the cause of it was, that James Stephenson, Esq.,
of fort William, near Tubbermore, is the descendant and pos-
sessor of the property of this defender of Londonderry, who
with Colonel Stewart and Captain Mulholland, are thus
noticed in the Armagh MSS. : —
*' Lieutenant-Colonel Stewart from Maghera,
Did to the city with a party draw
Captain Mulholland came from Maghera
From Tubbermore we Ensign Jackson saw. "
Messrs. Alexander and William Clark, of Maghera, and Alex-
ander Clark, of Upperland, Esq., are descended J from this
Ensign Jackson.
Bernard and David Mulholland, were two of those who
signed the address from Londonderry to King William and Queen
Mary, on the 29th of July, 1689. The family is still resident
at Eden, in the parish of Maghera, and hold lands in perpetuity
there.
Captain William Beatty, a distinguished officer at the siege of
Derry. He was in the custom and almost daily habit of going
out of the city with small parties, and seldom returned with-
out doing some execution on the enemy, or bringing in some
small prey. In the latter end of June, Captain Beatty was
seized with a violent flux which rendered him useless to the
garrison, so he took protection from the enemy, and went to
his residence at Moneymore, to try if he could recover his
health. Mr. Mackenzie, the Presbyterian minister of Cooks-
town, who went with his congregation to defend this city on this
memorable occasion and who published a well-known narrative
of the siege afterwards, says, thnt Captain William Beatty had
been in all the encounters and skirmishes with the enemy before
he left the city, and ever behaved himself with great integrity
and valour. He was the grandfather of the late Archdeacon
ke across.
[ten instead of
)heiison, Esq.,
Idant and pos-
jonderry, who
Ind, are thus
lera, and Alex-
dj from this
of those who
iam and Queen
is still resident
s in perpetuity
at the siege of
habit of going
returned with-
inging in some
in Beatty was
useless to the
y, and went to
lid recover his
ister of Cooks-
tiis city on this
own narrative
im Beatty had
} enemy before
^reat integrity
)ii Archdeacon
339
Beatty, of Maydown, in the county of Longford ; grandfather
of Ross Beatty, of Clones, Esq., and father of Mr. James
Beatty, a respectable merchant of Newry sixty years ago, who
was never known to cross the Boyne Water, without alighting
from his horse and returning solemn thanks to God lor the
great deliverance of this country, Ijy the signal victory gained
by King William, on the banks of that river.
Line 3—"m.shitt:'
The gentlemen of this name who were attainted by King
James's Parliament were — Alexander Nesbitt, gentleman, Don-
egal, or Londonderry; James Nesbitt, Esq., Donegal, or Ty-
rone ; James Nesbitt, gentleman, Tyrone ; John Nesbitt, Esq.,
Donegal or Londonderry. Two of these gentlemen were
officers in the regiment of their relative, Sir Albert Conyng-
ham, of Mount Charles, who was cruelly assassinated near
Oolooney, on his way to join the Protestant army besieging
Sligo.
" Coivan."
Captain John Cowan, of St. Johnstown, in the county of
Donegal, who brought a considerable body of men to the de-
fence of Londonderry. He was one of the thirty-six who
signed a declaration of union on the 21st of March, 1689, and
was attainted by the pretended Parliament on the 7th of
May, 1689.
^' Deimiston."
Robert Denniston was one of those who signed the address
to King William and Queen Mary, at Londonderry, on the
29th of July, 1689.
"Fleming:'
James and Richard Fleming were two of those who signed the
address sent from Londonderry to the King and Queen, imme-
diately after the relief of tlie city. The former of these was
grandfather of Mr Patrick Fleming, of Strabane, merchant,
His residence was at Bally magorry, in the county of Tyrone,
and it was burned by the Irish on their retreat from Derry.
: '.!
;;<•
!H'
i
340
U
Clark.
Matthew Clark was one of those who signed the above-men-
tioned address, according to the copy of the signatures annexed
to it in Walker's Diary.
''Boss."
Captain David Ross was one of a court-martial, consisting of
tliirteen officers, who sat at Londonderry about the middle of
July 1689 to ascertain and rectify all misdemeanors in the gar-
rison. The other members were, Captain Robert White, Presi-
dent, Lieutenant-Colonel Miller, Major J Dobbin, Major Alex
ander Stewart, with Captains Crooks, W.' Godfrey, T. Johnston,
i . Downing, Thomas Ash, John Thompson, J. Cochran, and
Dobbin, Advocate. Captain Ross was murdered by one Sam-
uel Lindsay, a trooper in Colonel Murray's regiment on the
23rd of July, who shot him through the heart' with a cara-
bine, on his attempting to search for some saddles belonging to
Sir Arthur Rawdon.
I .
u
; i ). I f ^
'
■7 of'^'i autii^ority than that of tradition ; and here I must
^
le above-men-
tures annexed
|1, consisting of
the middle of
>rs in the gar-
White, Presi-
i, Major Alex
'■, T. Johnston,
Cochran, and
id by one Sam-
sgiment on the
r with a cara-
ts belonging to
ty of Donegal,
am and Queen
e descendant of
1 26th of June,
md the Isles of
is prelate was
led on the lltli
ber his transla-
Raphoe by the
I from Orkney,
ly of the Epis-
)egan to find it
the severity of
c, unsupported
I here I must
341
take occasion to observe, that little or no reliance can be
placed on that sort of information, vaguer as it generally is
found, and contrary to all legitimate historical documents.
Cummins is said, by his descendants, to have gone with Col-
lonel Hammel's regiment from Lifford to the defence of Lon-
donderry, when he was grey-headed and beyond the age of
eighty years.
On the approach of King James's army to the city, on the
17th of April, orders were given that on pain of death none
should dare to lire till the King's demands were firs': known ;
but General Hamilton, contrary to a previous engagement, ap-
proaching rapidly to the town, Cummins was the first to fire
at his troops, saying that he was the oldest man there, an :$:
•f^
't^i-
>'Ri 1
I '1' •
1*.
;i
11
S42
sistance, fired at and killed a French officer who was riding at
Prehen, on the opposite side of the river, and had appcareil
there daily at the head of a troop. After tlie siege was raised,
he remained with the Protestant army, and having shared in
the glories of the Boyne, Anghrim, and Limerick, returned to
the county of Donegal, and settled at Tinkersford, in the
Parish of Raymochy, on the estate of Dunduff, where he died.
Stanza XXIX — Line I.—" Sir Tristram Beresfm-d's array."
Sir Tristram Beresford, of Coleraine, third Baronet of that
ancient and honourable name. He commanded a regiment of
foot in defence of the Protestants at this time, and was at-
tainted by King James's Parliament on the 7th of May, 1G89.
His wife was the youngest daughter and coheiress of Hugh
Hamilton, Baron Glenawley, whose residence was at Ballygaw-
ley, in the county of Tyrone. By this lady, he had issue one
son, Marcus, Earl of Tyrone, and four daughters. Sir Tristram
Beresford died on the 16th of June, 1701, and, according to
his will, was buried in a vault under the family seat in the
church of Coleraine, The great-uncle of Sir Tristram was
Michael Beresford, Esq., of Coleraine and Dungarvan, who,
on the 21st of November, 1G53, with others, was appointed
a Commissioner in the precincts ofLondonderry, for examining
the delinquency of the Irish Papists, in order to the distinguish-
ing of the qualification of transplantation into Connaught, and
in 1654 he was sheriff of the counties of Londonderry, Tyrone,
and Donegal.
On the 4th of November, 1720, Sir Marcus Beresford, the
fourth Baronet, was advanced to the Peerage, and the following
extract from the preamble to his patent of nobility, records
the services of two of this noble family to the Protestant inte-
rest in Ireland : —
" Quorum jprogenihres longo annorum serie insignia propter fad-
nora ac virtutes inclwrnerunt (prout Beresfoi'diorum genus ex quo m
Britanniam cum antecessore nostra Gulielmo prima penetrarunt) nos
merito nostris honorihus dignari mquum existimamus. Illius pra-
clarce gentis unus nomine Tristram Beresford, Jacoho ptrimo,
quo in Ahavo gloriamur, regnum ineunte, in Hiherniam transit midtn
in Rem Anglicanam pravincia in Ultoniensi, nundum satis stain-
pvas riding at
liad api)(!are(l
re was raised,
fing shared in
., returned to
Isford, in the
[here he died.
foi'dJs array.''
Ironet of that
I a regiment uf
and was at-
of May, 1089.
iress of Hugli
s at Ballygaw-
had issue one
Sir Tristram
accordino to
ly seat in the
Tristram was
ngarvan, who,
was appointed
, for examiniiit:
he distinguish -
onnaught, and
derry, Tyrone,
Beresford, the
I the following
)bility, records
'rotestant inte-
lia propter faci-
qenus ex quo hi
mnetrarunt) no:^
?. Illius prK-
Jacoho primo,
m transit muUa
ium satis stahi-
latam, propxhre gessit. Hujiis inde filius Tristram Beresford
eques cui cohortis regimen end commismnn, miilta cum gloria Re-
BELLics Contra Protestantes anno millessimo sexcentessimo qua-
dragesnmo primo imimmiter sapientes dehellare cmigressus est, unde
^propter insiquem in prcelis virtutem, titulo Barroneiil decoratus est."
Line 5.—" Sir John MagilL"
This gentleman resided on his estate at Gill hall, in the
county of Down. He married, on the 3rd of July, 1G83, the
daughter of Lord Glenawly, and died without issue in July,
1731. He is thus briefly noticed in the Armagh MSS. : —
" Sir John Magill from Down some forces sent."
He was attainted, with the following gentlemen of his name,
by the pretended Parliament, on the 7th of May, 1689, viz. ;
Hugh Magill, Esq., Down ; Captain Hugh Magill, Fermanagh :
John Magill, gentleman, Down ; Hugh Ma,f'iii. gentleman,
Wicklow ; Jas. Magill, junr., gentleman, Down.
Line 6. — " Carey.
>»
Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Carey, of Dungiven, in the
County of Londonderry, who, with the following persons of his
name were attainted in the Parliament assembled by the abdi-
cated Monarch, in May, 1689, viz. : Francis Carey, Esq., Cap-
tain Francis Carey, Captain Robert Carey, and Lieutenant
William Carey, all of Donegal or Londonderry. Lodge says
that this family is descended from the Careys of Clonally, in
Devonshire, George Carey, of Red Castle, in the County of
Donegal, who married Alice, sister of Captain Henry Vaughan ;
Edward Carey, of Dungiven, who died on the 4th of June,
1668 ; Robert Carey, of White Castle, in the County of Done-
,i^al, who died in March, 1681, and Tristram Carey, a Lieutenant
in the army. The daughters were Lettice, Elizabeth, Anne,
and Mary.
Stanza XXX— Line 2.—" Walker.''
The Rev. George Walker was instituted to the rectories of
Donoughmore and Errigall Keerogue, in the County of Tyrone,
on the 2nd of March, 1662. I find by the books in the First
r I II
.t£'i
344
Fruits Office, Rocord Tower, Dublin Castle, that a person of
the same nani(^ was instituted to the rectory of Badoney, in the
diocese of Derry, on the 13th of January, 1630, and to the
rectory of Cappagh, in the same diocese, on the 26th of Se])-
tember, 1636. The following brief account of this heroic Gove-
nor of Londonderry is given by Birch, the historian : — " Mr,
George Walker, justly famous for his defence of Londonderry,
.n Ireland, when Lundy the Governor -would have surrendered
it to James IL, was born of English parmts, in the County of
Tyrone, in that kingdom, and educated in the University of
Glasgow, u. Scotland. He was afterwards rector of Donagh-
more, not many miles from the city of Londonderry. Upon
the revolution, he raised a regiment for the defence of the Pro-
testants, and upon intelligence of King James having a design
to besiege Londonderry, retired thither, being at last chosen
Governor of it. After the raising of that siege he came to
England, where he was most graciously received by their Ma-
jesties, and on the 19th of November, 1688, received the thanks
of the House of Commons, having just before published an ac-
count of that siege, and had a present of five thousand pounds.
He was ciMted Doctor of Divinity by the LTniversity of Oxford,
on the 26th of February, 1689-90.'' Archbishop Tillotson thus
wrote to the celebrated Lady Russel, on the 19th September,
concerning Dr. Walker, who was at that time in London : —
" The King, besides his first bounty to Mr. Walker, whose
modesty is equal to his merit, hath made him Bishop of Lon-
donderry, one of the best Bishoprics in Ireland ; that so ht^
may receive the reward of that great service in the place where
he did it. It is incredible how much every body is pleased
with what the King has done in this matter, and it is no small
joy to me to see that God directs him to do so wisely."
Walker, in the address to King William and Queen Mary.
prefixed to his Diary of the siege, observed, that the part he
had acted in that service might more properly have been per
formed by other hands than those of a clergyman, but that
necessity which threw it upon him, he said, he hoped would
justify him before God and the world from the irregularity of
interesting himself in an affair for which he was not qualified,
either by education or profession, especially since the necessity
a person of
loney, in the
and to the
26th of Sep-
heroic Gove-
rian : — " Mr.
tondonderry,
surrendered
le County of
Jniversity of
r of Donagh-
erry. Upon
ce of the Pro-
ving a design
t last chosen
5 he came to
by their Ma-
ed the thanks
blished an ac-
Lisand pounds,
sity of Oxfordj
Tillotson tluis
ih September,
London : —
^Valker, whose
•ishop of Lon-
d ; that so he
,he place where
)dy is pleased
[ it is no small
isely."
. Queen Mary,
lat the part he
lave been per
man, but that
i hoped would
irregularity of
not qualified,
e the necessity
u:
rcsi^iu'd
which called him to it, was no soiuu^r over, thtni Ik
more cheerfnlly than he ever undertook the cni[d(»yment, that
he might apjdy himself to the duties of his sacred function.
He was, however, tempted to go with the English army to the
h.'ittle of the Boyne, where he received a muskj't wound in tlu^
belly, of which he died immediat(dy, though it was reported
that he had been rode down and slightly wounded in attempt-
ing to follow Duke Schomberg over the river.
Sir John Dalrymple reflects heavily n[)on King William for
saying, when he heard of Walker's death at the Boyne — " J^'ool
that he ?ra.s, ivhat brour/ht h'uii there f ' But surely the expres-
sion was as pardonalde as it was consistent with < omnion sense,
and might be well excused in a Prince who had so muniticfntly
rewarded the departed hero. A monument was ei-ected to his
memory in the Church of Donaghmore, with the following in-
scription on it : —
"READER,
Near thin spot are uderred
the relies of
The Rev. GEORGE H^ALKER, S. T. D.,
formerly
Rector of this Parish,
By whose vujdaitee and bravery
The City of Londonderry was defended
From the enemies of WILLIAM IIL
And, of Rdiqion,
In the year 'MDCLXXXIX.
He was slaui-
On the baulks of the Boyne
Engaged in the same eatise, aqainsi the same enemieSy
In the year MLU.XC,
To whose memory
His yet most diseottsolate Widow
Erected tJtis Monument
In the yMr MHCCIII.''
!. 1
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24
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AN
HISTOKICAL POEM
ON THE
State irf Irtlanir,
w
(
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OCCASIONED BY THE CIRCULAR LETTERS OF CARDINAL
FONTANA AND DR. KELLY.
WITH NOTES -A^ISTD A.N ,AJPI*ENT)IX.
Near where the Boyne runs bubbling through tlie daL
Where Spring in all her glory decks the vale —
Where tuneful birds, inspired with joy and love,
Raise to the skies the music of the grove,
See where the pardon'd rebel's cottage stands,
To shame the beauty of the neighbouring lands ;
Thro' all the roof, with soot and ashes foul,
The melancholy blasts of winter howl.
Together on the earth, in this damp stye.
His dog, his wife, his swine, and children lie. J
An unfenc'd garden, emblem of his sloth,
Exhibits weeds of wild luxuriant growth ;
Vile are the marks on this abode of sin :
Dunghills all round, and horrid filth within.
The wretched owner once was young and gay.
And no mean talent marked his early day ;
Tall in his stature, cheerful in his air.
Smooth were his manners, and his visage fair ;
But SUPERSTITION, foe to humau kind.
Had laid strong hold upon his youthful mind j
1.)
fl
OEM
^ OF CARDINAL
ENDIX.
through the dale.
? vale —
md love,
e,
itands,
[ig lands ; o
J'oul,
e,
en lie.
,h,
.h;
I :
thin.
clgay,
;e fair ;
mind ;
10
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;347
Taught him to tremhle at a higot'a word,
A!i(l kept him from the Scri[»ture.s (jf the TiOrd.
At six years old, to mass tlic hoy was brought,
And there, alas ! and at confessions taught.
That empty forms alone would make liim wise,
And pure and perfect in his Maker's eyes ;
That man himself, by merit all his own,
(3oul(l for his sins sufficiently aton(^ ;
AVhilst many mediators ready stoiid,
To make his peace with an offended God !
Thus taught, the peasant into manhood rose,
Deeming his British neighl)Ours deadly foes :
Because from early dawn of infant youth,
T\wy learned a creed of unpolluted truth —
A creed from Heaven, for man's direction sent,
FuUfiftee'i ages ere we heard of Trent
Teaching frail man to trust in CllliiST alone,
For iRACEand PAltr»oN at (Iod's holy throne,
As years passed on and civil broils began
To plague the lan.l, this ill-instructed man,
Buoyed up by hopes of opulence and fume,
A ready dupe to demagogues became :
And thought, alas ! 'twas Jieaven's holy will,
That he should wield a pike on Tara hill ;
Holding it right, and Christiandike and good.
To curse his King, and shed his lu-other's blooi !
Hard was the contest on that fearful day —
Fre(juent the blows, and deadly was the fray.
Till all at once ther'l)el force gave way.
The slaughter that ensued, and checked the flight,
Was ended only by the shades of night;
Wounded and bleeding, to his dismal home,
See the Louth rebel w»'ak and heartless come :
Behold his hapless children and his wife.
Bind up his wounds, and tremble for his life ;
And down their cheeks, as tears in torrents burst.
They reach the cup to cool his burning thirst.
But rest, and sovereign sleep, and kindly care,
The wretched sufferer through his sorrows bear,
25
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Whilst the brave victors, as the contest's o'er,
His pardon grant, and trouble him no more ;
The boon he scorns, with feelings scarce represt —
The deadly reed still rankles in his breast ;
His wounded pride but kindles hotter hate.
Against that worth he cannot imitate.
Now midnight meetings occupy his time.
In plotting to reiterate his crime ;
111 to return for undeserved good.
And drench the country once again with blood.
Meanwhile, external warfare grieves the land,
And France, beneath the Corsican's command.
Against all Europe wields a hostile hand.
Day after day, as conquest crowns the foe,
The disaffected more audacious grow.
Loud in the base Usurper's nauseous praise.
The Dublin demagogues their voices raise ;
Foreboding certain ruin to the state.
They hail with savage joy the Church's fate :
"Clear," says Dromgoole, " as yon bright azure sky, |
The marks of rapid ruin I descry, / ^
60
65
J5
On England's Church, that monstrous novelty.
Soon shall her lazy watchmen see her fall,
Despised, forsaken, and abhor'd of all ;
Leaving no trace of her sway behind.
Except the woes she brought upon mankind."
So spoke the furious bigot, and the throng,
Had found a poet, whose licentious song.
Taught them, like madmen, in their cups to rave,
In midnight orgies over freedom's grave ;
To deem their liberties and honour gone.
Because three kingdoms form'd by fate for one,
By foes without, and fiends within oppress'd,
Had into one strong empire coalesced.
So raged the populace through Erin wide,
And the Louth peasant floated with the tide.
Jn rural taverns after Sunday's Mass,
All junior orators he could surpass.
In stating Ireland's unrequited wrongs.
Or chanting Moore's Anacreonic songs :
I
8fi
So
DO
li.i
849
ight azure si
How fair Hibeiiiia, to herself once true, 100
Flourished in splendour under King Boru ;
That patriotic sovereign, whose dart
Pierc'd, P,t Clontarf, the proud invadei''s heart —
O'Rourke, of Brefny, too, supplied a theme,
To raise up modern candidates for fame ; 105
Fair sunny visions floated in his brain,
When Britain's arms were conquering for Spain :
Shamrocks and olives danc'd betore his sight,
And fed his fancy many a gloomy night ;
But ah ! how plaintive did his accents fiiU, 1 1
Whene'er he sung the harp of Tara's hall ;
How freedom flourished there for half a day,
Then flitted like a morning dream away.
With grief and rage each bigots' bosom swells,
As he the tale of his disaster tells ; 1 1^)
And proves how Irish freedom wakes and lives.
In every sob and every groan he gives.
Thus, once he sung, attending a debate.
Near Wildgoose Lodge, upon the Lynche's fate ;
The song prevailed, and with united breath, 120
The 1-^ckless Lynches were condemn'd to death.
Then spoke with features horrible and dark,
Divan, the noted Stonstown chapel clerk —
As from his panting breast in rage he drew,
A burnish'd rapier of a purple hue : 125
Friends, brothers, fellow-Catholics, to arms,
'Tis ours to keep the tyrant in alarms,
To make his minions rest their troubled heads.
In constant terror upon thorny beds ;
And when they sleep, to tremble in their dreams, 130
At bloody blankets, and their homes in flames.
And if the Saxon foe must bear our hate,
Vengeance shall fall from us with double weight,
On miscreant Catholics, who mar our cause,
By base appeals to cursed English laws ; 1 35
Sure as the bullet from the musket flies.
The wretch who prosecutes our brother, dies.
He spoke, they rose and instantly decreed.
That night, that hour, to vengeance to proceed.
!
f
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350
High on a mo ant, upraised on marshy lands,
The solitary lodge of Wild goose stands,
Near Tara-hill, and has obtain'd its name,
As a bleak wintry haunt of feather'd game.
There Lynch and Rooney dwelt in peace retir'd,
No wild ambition had their bosoms fir'd,
No penal statute fetter'd their free will,
Pray where they would, they throve and voted still
And their kind neighbour of the British creed
Was not more fully from restrictioii freed.
Thankful for blessings, which they highly priz'd
The ribbon rioters they had despised ;
Firm in refusal they had ever stood.
To join the sanguinary brotherhood :
For this they once had suffer'd an attack,
But bravely fought, and drove the burglars back
Repuls'd them from the lodge, and seizing three.
Brought them to justice, and the fatal tree !
But now, alas ! the hour of vengeance comes.
To seek it, forty horsemen leave their homes.
At midnight hour, and silent as the dead,
Surround the house with Divan at their head;
Good Heavens ! what spectacle was here display'd,
Full forty murderers in arms array'd !
To front and rear, approach the savage bands,
Gall in their hearts, and torches in their hands,
Thv^, Tara rebel hastes his arm to raise.
And sets the roof and windows in a blaze —
The roof soon kindles, and in scorching pain,
The hapless inmates supplicate in vain.
The brutes refuse the sad request for life,
Lynch dies with Eooney and his child and wife ;
Four servants share their fate, and in the fire.
Eight offerings to antichrist expire !
Say ye who travel where East Indians feel.
The mortal crush of Juggernaut's old wheel —
Where beastly Hottentots, with tigers dwell.
Have Pagans parallel'd this deed of hell ;
Yet next day Divan rung the mass-house bell !
140
145
150
155
165
ll.'t
(
351
Dragg'd from the altar where the bigot clung,
Tried and condemn'd, on Reaghstown-hill he hung.
The Louth man 'scaped again, and bless'd his stars, 180
For his achievements in these holy wars ;
But to wipe off the stains of blood resolv'd,
Confess'd, did penance, and was absolv'd,
Six others within view of his abode, 185
Bleach'd on a gibbet near the public road.
Meanwhile just heaven, in anger to our Isle,
Where health and plenty ever used to smile.
Called forth the clouds of vengeance from the deep-
Bade wintry floods o'er hill and valley sweep, Vl90
And in destructive damps the country .teep :
For eight long months, the farmer saw with pain,
His hopes extinguished by the chilling rain ;
His crops destroy'd, and to the pits wash'd back.
His winter's fuel perish in the wreck. 195
But who that winter's varied woes can tell 1
Sad is the task on such a theme to dwell.
Mute sat the sorrowing weaver in his loom —
Cold was his hearth, repulsive as a tomb
Hush'd was the spinner's voice, which many a night, 200
Had round the homely hearth diffused delight ;
And pale and sullen seem'd tjie angry sun.
To sink in ocean when the day was done.
The peasant shiv'ring in his cheerless shed,
For vital warmth betook him to his bed ; 205
Ev'n there, by matchless misery pursued.
The wintry damps his weakly limbs bedew'd ;
And, charg'd with vapours, the nocturnal breeze
Diffus'd around the seeds of dire disease.
As spring advanc'd, severe frost and snow, 210
Famine succeeded to the winter's woe ;
Thousands, impell'd by hunger, hurried down
From mountain tracks, to every market town ;
Their faces gathering blackness as they went —
Their limbs all tottering, and their bodies bent, 215
Say, ye survivors — in that hour of need,
How 'mongst your countrymen did ye succeed ;
1 1
*i'
yn
),:
^1, .
Wore thoy deserving of a name so bad,
As that of WOLVES in sheep's fair clothing clad ?
Did you not find their hearts to pity true, 220
Open auss by stealth and spurious hiiths, which rarely
produce living children— (See an account in the Jrish news-
papers, of a young lady of rank, fortun(? and accomplishments
takin:^ the white veil at the religious institute of our blessed
Lady, in Galway, on the 2n(l instant. This convent is stated
to have been instituted so late as the year 1815, by a la i:
n
: h :i
.! !.
TO AN ECCLESIASTIC,
ON THE BURNING OF A NEWSPAPER, WHICH CONTAINED AN EX-
TRAO T FROM THE HISTORICAL POEM, OCCASIONED BY THE
CIRCULAR LETTERS OF CARDINAL FONTANA AND
DOCTOR KELLY :
Grave Sir, why thus, in childish rage,
In this bright scientific age,
Vent your weak anger on a page.
Which many have commended ?
That page afforded no pretence,.
To any man of common sense.
To take foul umbrage or offence
At what was well intended.
'Twas meant, most humbly to record.
The visitations of the Lord
On those who slight his Holy Word,
And live in hate or malice ;
That he who would from men remove
The volume of redeeming love.
Brings no commission from above,
To cottage or to palace.
This folly served but to amaze,
The mm who saw you frown and gaze,
Upon that melancholy blaze,
Sad emblem of another ;
ONTAINED AN EX-
SIONED BY THE
I^TANA AND
rage,
imended 1
tided.
rd,
•d,
dice ;
3ve
375
Where the lest sinner's piercing cries
And shrieks fr- vengeance rend the skies,
'Gainst those who taught him to despise
And persecute his brother.
Fix'd for all ages is that state,
No prayer of your*s can change his fate ;
But, for yourself— bright Mercy's gate
Is kindly open still —
Retire and pray with all your might,
That on your soul, now aark as night.
Heaven may bestow one ray of light,
To rectify your will.
To teach you, ere you teach again.
That human efforts must be vain,
The Bible's progress to restrain,
On land or spacious ocean ;
That when your angry labour's done,
It will be just as if you'd run
To cast your mantle o'er the sun,
To entertain such notion.
And now farewell — the day will come
When, pale and trembling from the tomb.
You'll rise to your eternal doom.
Of misery or bliss —
To right or left hand borne away,
You'll eitlier bless or curse the day.
That pity sent you on your way,
A lesson such as this.
JOHN GRAHAM.
Lifford, Jan. 27th, 1820.
■M
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A PASTORAL LETTER
Jfrowt ^0me,
IN THE
NINETEENTH CENTURY.
(translated by the author of the foregoing poem.)
Friends, brothers, bishops, earnestly we call
On all our clergy to subdue St. Paul,
The man of Tarsus, tho' his head lies low,
Lives in his writings our eternal foe ;
Would he had perished at an early day, 5
Or to Damascus, when he took his way.
Had dropp'd down dead before he was baptis'd,
Or joined the cause he hated and despis'd ;
Time yet will come, if prophets tell no lie,
And we are dreading that it now draws nigh, 10
When men, convinc'd by Paul, shall forward stand
To purge from error every Christian land.
When full of knowledge all the earth shall be.
As tides and currents till the teeming sea ;
Then truth, victorious, beaming upon man, 15
Shall to each eye unfold the Gospel plan.
And 'uO the world reveal, in open day,
The wiles we practice, and the tricks we play.
That fatal day, whene'er it shall arrive.
Will not, 1 fondly hope, find me alive ; 20
But on our dear successors and their friends.
The weight of all this horrid storm impends :
Therefore look sharp, nor grant to small or great,
The liberty the scriptures to translate —
Wax noses call them — every name that's vile, "1 25
And in the indulgence of your bitter bile,
Rival the vigour of our own Carlile ;
-1.!^
877
h
TER
CGOING POEM.)
call
V,
iptis'd,
ie,
nigh,
i^ard stand
1,
ill be,
^ ;
m.
play.
Lids,
?nds :
[ or great,
vile,
10
15
20
Carlile, the Bible's foe, must be our friend,
By different means, we seek one common end.
He for " the Cause," slights liberty and life, 30
We call the Scriptures oracles of strife ;
He tells the Christians they are knaves and fools.
We curse the Bible and the Christian schools.
Thus it behoves us to make rapid strides,
To guard our altars, and our firesides ; 35
Since we can't burn these records, let them lie
Lock'd up in Latin from the vulgar eye.
Left to be studied and commented on.
By orthodox old doctors of Sorbonne :
Who, when their hoary heads are warm with wine, 40
Can best unravel mysteries divine,
And since this world's the rough wild field we till,
Let us disseminate the seed of ill,
Commence our labours ever in good time.
Corrupt the hearts of youth before their prime ; 45
Keep them from Bibles, stupify their mind,
And full returns in manhood we shall find —
Teach them to lie, to flatter, and deceive,
A source of gain shall rise from every knave ;
For if mankind should too religious grow, 50
" The Church" must half her perquisites forego,
Sin swells the bank that feeds the Pontiffs purse,
And true religion proves his greatest curse,
Rome's ancient fabric on some pillar leans.
The props of all her glory and her gains ; 55
Of these, confession holds the highest place.
That ready mode of merchandizing grace !
The fairest farm may disappoint the swain
Who looks in Autumn for the promised grain ;
Tho' grapes should load the branches of the vine, 60
Hail, rain, or wind may blast all hopes of wine ;
W.ir may lay waste the monarch's wide domains.
And sweep the crops and cattle from the plains ;
But strict confession *to a knowhig hand,
Vields fruit more certain than the richest land. 05
20
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378
No rain, no storms, no dire effects of war,
Its regular returns of profit mar ;
Arm'd with this weapon, Princes feel our weight,
When fit occasion serves, in every state.
Kings from their thrones indignant have we hurl'd 70
And beggars raised to rule a conquer'd world,
The Corsican Usurper's friends we stood, \
Crown'd, blessed, and married him to royal blood, I
Leaving his lawful wife in widowhood. j
Think not our influence we over-rate, 75
Recounting thus our power in the state ;
For when the secrets of all hearts we know,
Prolific seeds of treason we may sow.
And with sly hints, and whispers of their force.
Incite the rabble to each factious course : 80
Kindle foul rancour in the people's breast.
Against tbe men we envy or detest ;
Marking them by some execrable name,
We blast them as the sons of sin and shame,
Doom'd in their cursed carcases to feel 85
The fiery faggot, or the avenging steel ;
And when we lead our friends into a scrape,
Or when they're charged with murder or with rape.
We often make a way for their escape.
By large collections, at our altars made, 90
To hir'd witnesses and lawyers paid —
By closely questioning and shriving those,
Who must give testimony for our foes ;
And by that practice which the Christian loathes,
Our absolutions for man's broken oaths. 95
Hear now, to whom your chief attention's due.
Still keep this wise arrangement in your view :
Let the old Matron claim your prior care,
Whose wealth and weakness seem to promise fair.
Whose abject superstition may supply 1^0
The means your avarice to gratify.
P W ■ ,
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379
Next let the usurer attract your eye,
Who loves to live in sin, a saint to die.
The merchant next, the profits of whose trade
Require that offerings to the Church be paid. ' 105
Make the transgressor compromise with gold,
The oaths he falsely swore, the lies he told ; '
Ard should our friends hold offices of state,'
Should they become by blood or pliindes- great,
Or dare against our view to legislate, ') no
Mark them as sources of abundant gain —
High must the penance be, when deep the stain.
When stretch'd in agony upon his bed,
A raging fever strikes the rich man's head,
When drugs and doctors bring no more relief, 115
And all the family is plunged in grief,
Be sure ye carefully that bed attend.
As if' this Dives were your dearest friend ;
Though vice had stained his life too gross to name,
For which you witness neither grief nor shame, 120
Give him your transubstantiated bread,
Your off'ring for the living and ^he dead —
Anoint his body, whisper in his ear,
That he from every mortal sin is clear —
That trusting in himself, and in the Pope, 125
He needs no stronger anchor for his hope ;
And though the awful hour of death draws nigh,
Leave him in fatal ignorance to die.
For his departed soul let mass be sung,
Processions walk, and blessed bells be rung, 1 30
And offer " Month's Minds," till the purging fire,
By floods of holy-water shall expire !
But let rich souls alone at rest be laid.
Send them to Heaven, when your fees are paid.
As for the beastly beggars, when they die, 135
Let them despis'd in purgatory lie ;
Guide not their lifeless body to the grave,
Nor waste a mass their sordid souls to save :
No time, no pains, no thought should you bestow,
On those from whom no recompense can flow ; 140
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For where's the wise man that was ever found,
To waste his labour upon barren ground —
To spend his swiftness in a vain pursuit,
Or water gardens that produce no fruit.
If there's a man who dares to keep aloof, 145
Who dreads to see a Monk beneath hi? roof,
Who will not often to confession come,
That mighty mainspring of the Church of Rom
Send for his servants, and of them inquire
His mode of life, their diet and their hire ; 150
Fish for some secret floating in their mind,
Which, if 3^ou should, by searching questions find.
And manage well, may bring him to his knees,
To beg for secrecy, and proffer fees ;
But if no chance can throw it in your way, 155
An accusation to his charge to lay.
Should his pure life defy the voice of fame,
A single crime against him to proclaim :
Then cry out " Heresy," impeach his creed —
Call him "A Wolf," and then you will succeed ; 160
Fear will compel him to abate his pride.
And cast the veil 'twixt him and you aside.
But let no pray'rs or tears, or length of time,
Avail to gain forgiveness of his crime.
Until, by fees and fasting, rendered pure, 165
His reconciliation he secure.
When with close care and artifice refin'd,
You have explor'd the secrets of his mind ;
When the fair sinner once has told you more
Then ever human ear has heard before — 170
When the rich rogue to consequences blind.
Has told you what he did, and he designed —
When the pale murderer has told the tale.
Which brings him to the block, if you reveal :
Then Proteus-like, assume what form you please, J 7'i
For all these victims may be spoil'd at ease ;
Fear no refusal of your high demands.
Their character, their life, is in your hands ;
Nor lose your spoil, by taking for your fee
A worthless gratitude, which false must be, IB'*
• I
381
For still, whoever has uncased his mind,
To dread his confidant, must he inclin'd,
Conscious of guilt, he wishes that man dead,
Whose frown can heap confusion on his head.
When writing edicts, dip your pen in gall,
Keep taunting nicknames ready at a call ;
And when you'd strike an adversary dead,
Pelt Latin texts of Scripture at his head :
In this we have a precedent of note,
For Lucifer himself could Moses quote.
Guard our old building on Saint Peter's rock,
With energy against each hostile shock ;
And if rash men with sacrilegious eye.
Into this edifice should dare to pry,
And point out portions of our crazy wall.
Which ne'er were built by Peter or by Paul ;
Thinking it strange, that sinners should defile
By human fancies such a fair-built pile :
Blast them as heretics, condemn'd to dwell
To all eternity in flames of hell.
Nor with less fury than the flames below.
Let Purgatory's profitable blazes glow.
With this great diff'erence, that the purging flame,
By Papal bulls and masses, we may tame.
Tell the wild Irishmen, that when they die.
Their souls must here in horrid anguish lie.
Until surviving friends their pardon buy !
And should some wag in his own rustic way,
To your grave Reverences dare to say —
I see on each of you so mild a face
Can so much feeling in your features trace,
That I can't think there could be such a place.
Oh ! if you suff'er one poor soul to dwell,
For want of money, in this new-found hell,
How can the fear of God within ye dwell !
Exclaim— that he with heresy is cram'd,
And tell the clown, that if he doubts , he's damn d ;
185
190
195
200
205
210
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382
But recollect, descanting on the Mass,
To make our Priestly dignity surpass
All competition — for no son of man,
On earth or sea's immeasurable span,
Except ourselves, can of ^ome grains of wheat,
A living mass of human flesh create —
Bow down to, and adore a work so fine.
Then break in pieces, plunge it into wine —
Bruise 'twixt the teeth, the blood, the bones, the skin,
And swallow all, a sacrifice for sin !
Thus through the land your pious progress take,
At every step some shining money make ;
Rail at your King's religion, curse the fools
Who send their children to Hibernian Schools ;
Absolve the Ribbonman, on whom devolves
The mighty task of punishing the wolves.
Who in sheep's clothing have been found so bold,
As to affright the Propaganda fold !
220
09^
230
235
|-<
y . A
il: \-
3, the skin,
225
take,
Dols;
230
!S
>
50 bold,
EXTRACTS
FROM
MAC AUL AY'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND.
William had been, during the whole spring, impatiently ex-
pected in Ulster. The Protestant settlements along the coast
of that province had, in the course of the month of May, been
repeatedly agitated by false reports of his arrival. It was not,
however, till the afternoon of the fourteenth of June that he
landed at Carrickfergus. The inhabitants of the town crowded
the main street and greeted him with loud acclamations ; but
they caught only a glimpse of him. As soon as he was on dry
ground he mounted and set off for Belfast. On the road he
was met by Schomberg. The meeting took place close to a
white house, the only human dwelling then visible, in the space
of many miles, on the dreary strand of the estuary of the Lag-
gan. A village and a cotton mill now rise where the white
house then stood alone ; and all the shore is adorned by a gay
succession of country houses, shrubberies and flower beds.
Belfast has become one of the greatest and most flourishing seats
of industry in the British isles. A busy population of more than
100,000 souls is collected there. The duties annually paid at the
Custom House exceed the duties annually paid at the Custom
House of London in the most prosperous years of the reign
of Charles the Second. Other Irish towns may present more
picturesque forms to the eye. But Belfast is the only large Irish
town in which the traveller is not disgusted by the loatlisonie
aspect and odour of long lines of human dens as far inferior in
comfort and cleanliness to the dwellings which, in happier
countries, are provided for cattle. No other large Irish town
is so well cleaned, so well paved, so brilliantly lighted. The
place of domes and spires is supplied by edifices, less pleasing
to the taste, but no less indicative of prosperity, luige factories,
ill'
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384
towering many storios abovo the chimneys of the housos,
and resounding with the roar of machinery. The Belfiist
which WiUiani entered was a small Knglish settlement of
about three hundred houses, commanded by a stately castki
which has long disappeared, the seat of the noble family of
Chichester. In this mansion, which is said to have honw
some resemblance to the palace of Whitehall, and which was
celebrated for its terraces and orchards stretching down the
river side, preparations had been made for the King's reception.
He was welcomed at the Northern Gate by the magistrates and
burgesses in their robes of office. The multitude pressed on
his carriage with shouts of " God save the Protestant King."
For the town was one of the strongholds of the Reformed
Faith ; and when, two generations later, the inhabitants were,
for the first time, numbered, it was found that the Roman
Catholics were not more than one in fifteen.
The night came ; but the Protestant counties were awake
and up. A royal salute had been fired from the castle of Bel
fast. It had been echoed and re-echoed by guns which Schom-
berg had placed at wide intervals for the purpose of conveying
signals from post to post, ^'"^herever the peal was heard,
it was known that King William was come. Before
midnight, all the heights of Antrim and Down were blazing with
bonfires. The light was seen across the bays of Carlingford
and Dundalk, and gave notice to the enemy that the decisive
hour was at hand. Within forty-eight hours after William had
landed, James set out from Dublin to the Irish camp, which
was pitched near the northern frontier of Leinster.
In Dublm the agitation was fearful. None could doubt that
the desisive crisis was approaching ; and the agony of suspense
stimulated to the highest point the passions of both the hostile
castes. The majority could easily detect, in the looks and
tones of the oppressed minority, signs which indicated the hope
of a speedy deliverance and of a terrible revenge. Simon
Luttrell, to whom the care of the capital was entrusted,
hastened to take such precaution as fear and hatred dictated.
A proclamation appeared, enjoining all Protestants to remain in
their houses from nightfall to dawn, and prohibiting them, on
pain of death, from assembling in any place or for any purpose
to the number of more than five. No indulgence was granted
385
lof tho hoiisrs,
Tho Bolfast,
settlement of
I a stately castl(^
loble family of
to have borne
and which vv;is
Lhing down the
Ling's reception.
Imagistrates and
ude pressed on
otestant King."
f the Reformed
nhabitants were,
hat the Roman
es were awake
he castle of Bel
IS which Schom-
ose of conveying
)eal was heaid,
come. Before
vere blazing with
'■s of Carlingford
that the decisive
ifter William had
Lsh camp, which
ister.
could doubt that
gony of suspense
' both the hostile
. the looks and
dicated the hope
'evenge. Simon
was entrusted,
hatred dictated,
ants to remain in
ibiting them, on
' for any purpose
ace was granted
evon^to those divines of the Established C'hiirrh who had never
ceased to teach the doctrine of non-resistance. Doctor William
King, who had, after a long holding ont, lately begun to waver in
his political creed, was conmiitt(Ml to custody. TJiere was no gaol
large enough to hold one half of those whom the governor
suspected of evil designs. The college and several parish
churches were used as prisons : and into those buildings men
accused of no crime but their religion were crowded in such
numbers that they could hardly Itreathe.
The two rival princes meanwhile were bnsied in collecting
their forces. Loughbrickland was the ])lace appointed by
William for the rendezvous of the scattered divisions of his
army. While his troops were assembling, he exerted himself
indefatigably to improve their disipline and to provide for
their subsistence. He had brought from England two hun-
dred thousand pounds in money and a great qnantity of
ammunition and provisions. Pillaging was prohil)ited nnder
severe penalties. At the same time sui)plies were liberally
dispensed ; and all the paymasters of regiments were directed
to send in their accounts without delay, in order that there
might be no arrears. Thomas Ooningsby, Member of Parlia-
ment for Leominster, a busy and unscrupulous Whig, accom-
panied the King, and acted as Paymaster-Greneral. It deserves
to be mentioned that William, at this time, authorised the
Collector of Customs at Belfast to pay every year twelve hun-
dred pounds into the hands of some of the principal dissenting
ministers of Down and Antrim, who were to be trustees for
their brethren. The King declared that he bestowed this sum
on the nonconformist divines, partly as a reward for their
eminent loyalty to him and partly as a compensation for their
recent losses. Such w?s the origin of that donation which is
still annually bestowed by the Government on the Presbyterian
clergy of Ulster.
William was all himself again. His spirits, depressed by
eighteen months passed in dull state, amidst factions and in-
trigues which he but half understood, rose high as soon as
he was surrou^^ded by tents and standards. It was strange to
see how rapidly this man, so unpopular at Westminster, ob-
tained a complete mastery over the hearts of his brethren in
arms. They'observed with delight that, infirm as he was, he
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386
took his share of every hardship which they iinderwont ; that
he thought more of their comfort than of his own ; tlfat \\v
sharply reprimand(Ml some officors who were so anxious to
procure bixurii^s for his table as to forget the wants of the
common soldiers ; that he never once, from the day on
which he took the field, lodged in a house, but, even in
the neighbourhood of cities and palaces, slept in a small
moveable hut of wood ; that no solicitations could induct'
him, on a hot day and in a high wind, to move out of the
hoking cloud of dust, which overhung the line of march, and
which severely tried lungs less delicate than his. Evciy
man under his command became familiar with his looks and
with his voice ; for there was not a regiment which he did
not inspect with minute attention. His pleasant looks and
sayings were long remembered. One brave soldier has recorded
in his journal the kind and courteous manner in which a bas-
ket of tne first cherries of the year was accepted from him by
the King, and the sprightliness with which his Majesty con-
versed at supper with those who stood around the table.
On the twenty-fourth of June, the tenth day after William's
landing, he marched southward from Loughbrickland with all
his forces. He was fully determined to tak<' the first opportu-
nity of fighting. Schomberg and some other officers recom-
mended caution and delay. But the King answered that hf
had not come to Ireland to let the grass grow under his feet.
The event seems to prove that he judged rightly as ". n^eneral.
That he judged rightly as a statesman cannot be doubted. He
knew that the English nation was discontented with the way
in which the war had hitherto been conducted ; that nothing
but rapid and splendid success could revive the enthusiasm of
his friends and quell the spirit of his enemies ; and that a de-
feat could scarcely be more injurious to his fame and to his in-
terests than a languid and indecisive campaign.
The country through which he advanced had, during eighteen
months, been fearfully wasted both by soldiers and llapparees.
The cattle had been slaughtered : the plantations had been cut
down : the fences and houses were in ruins. Not a human
being was to be found near the road, except a few naked and
meagre wretches who had no food but the husks of oats, and
who were seen picking those husks, like chickens, from amidst
387
underwent ; that
his own ; tlfat he
ro so anxious t(t
the wants of tlic
f)m the (lay on
se, but, even in
slcfjt in a small
)ns couhl indiKY
move out of tiit'
ine of marcli, and
an his. Every
ith liis looks and
But which he did
leasant looks and
Idier has recordf-d
r in which a bas-
pted from him by
his Majesty con-
d the table,
ay after William's
)rickland with all
' the first opportu-
lier officers recom-
answered that hf
3W under his feet.
;htly as ". general,
t be doubted. He
ted with the way
ited ; that nothing
the enthusiasm of
IS ; and that a de-
ame and to his in-
ign.
id, during eighteen
Brs and Kapparees.
tions had been cut
IS. Not a human
a few naked and
busks of oats, and
ikens, from amidst
dust and citidera. Yet oven under such disadvantages, the
natuinl fertility of the country, the rich green of the earth, the
hays and rivers so admirably fitted for trade, could not but
strike the King's observant (lye. Perhaps he thought how of horsemen ap-
-e. Among them
ice been conspicu-
in th*^ gallery at
ir-haired Lauzun,
lour as the model
)wn by years, and
itely head of Sars-
d that the person
L-eakfasting on the
'hey sent for artil-
lery. Two field pieces, screened from view l)y a troop of ca-
valry, were brought down almost to the brink of tho river, and
placed behind a hedge. WiUiam, who had just risen from his
meal, and was again in the saddle, was the mark of both guns.
The first shot struck one of the holsters of Prince Georo-e of
Hesse, and brought his horse to the ground. " Ah," cried the
King, " the poor Prince is killed." As the words passed his
lips, he was himself hit by a second ball, a six pounder. It
merely tore his coat, grazed his shoulder, and drew two or
three ounces of blood. Both armies saw that the shot had
taken effect ; for the King sank down for a moment on his
horse's neck. A yell of exultation rose from the Irish camp.
The English and their allies were in dismay. Solmes flung
himself prostrate on the earth, and burst into tears. But Wil-
liam's deportment soon reassured his friends. " There is no
harm done," he said, " but the bullet came quite near enough."
Coningsby put his handkerchief to the wound ; a surgeon was
sent for ; a plaster was applied ; and the King, as soon as the
dressing was finished, rode round all the posts of his army
amidst loud acclamations. Such was the energy of his spirit
that, in spite of his feeble health, in spite of his recent hurt, he
was that day nineteen hours on horseback.
A cannonade was kept up on both sides till the evening.
William observed with especial attention the effect produced
by the Irish shots on the English regiments which had never
been in action, and declared himself satisfied with the result.
" All is right," he said; " they stand fire well." Long after
sunset he made a final inspection of his forces by torchlight,
and gave orders that everything should be ready for forcing a
passage across the river on the morrow. Every soldi(n' was to
put a green bough in his hat. The baggage and greatcoats
were to be left under a guard. The word was Westminster.
The King's resolution to attack the Irish was not apj) roved
by all his lieutenants. Schomberg, in particular, pronounced
the experiment too hazardous, and, when his opinion was over-
ruled, retired to his tent in no very good humour. When the
order of battle was delivered to him, he muttered that he had
been more used to give such orders than to receive them. For
this little fit of suUenness, very pardonable in a general who
had won great victories when his master was still a chiM, the
27
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394
brave veteran made, on the following morning, a noble atone
ment.
The first of July dawned, a day which has never since re
turned without exciting strong emotions of very different kinds
in the two populations which divide Ireland. The sun rose bright
and cloudless. Soon after four both armies were in motion.
William ordered his right wing, under the command of Mein-
hart Schomberg, one of the Duke's sons, to march to the bridge
of Slane, some miles up the river, to cross there, and to tnrn
the left flank of the Irish army. Meinhart Schomberg was as
sisted by Portland and Douglas. James, anticipating some
such design, had already sent to the bridge a regiment of dra-
goons, commanded by Sir Neil O'Neil. O'Neil behaved him-
self like a brave gentleman ; but he soon r«^ceived a mortal
wound : his men fled ; and the English right wing passed the
river.
This move made Lauzun uneasy. What if the English
riglit wing should get into the rear of the army of James !
About four miles south of the Boyne was a place called Diileek.
where the road to Dublin was so narrow, that two cars could
not pass each other, and where on both sides of the road lay a
morass which affor«led no firm footing. If Meinhart fScliora
berg should occupy this spot, it would be impossible for the
Irish to retreat. They must either conquer, or be cut off to a
man. Disturbed by this apprehension, the French I'eneral
marched with his countrymen and with Sarsfield's horse mi the
direction of Slane bridge. Thus the fords near Oldbridge were
left to be defended by the Irish alone.
It was now near ten o'clock. William put himself at the
head of his left wing, which was composed exclusively of ca
valry, and prepared to pass the river not far above Drogheda,
The centre of his army, which consisted almost exclusively of
foot, was entrusted to the command of Schomberg, and Mas
marshalled opposite to Oldbridge. At Oldbridge the whole
Irish infantry had been collected. The Meath bank bristled
with pikes and bayonets. A fortification had been made by
French enj^ineers out of the hedges and buildings ; and a
breastwork had been thrown up close to the water side. Tyr-
connel was there ; and under him were Richard Hamilton and
Antrim.
> :'l
395
ing, a noble atone
near Oldbridge were
Schomberg gave the word. Solmes's Blues were the first to
move. They marched gallantly, with drums beating, to the
brink of the Boyne. Then the drums stopped and the men,
ten abreast, descended into the water. Next plunged London-
derry and Enniskillen. A little to the left of Londonderry
and Enniskillen, Caillemot crossed, at the head of a long col-
umn of French refugees. A little to the left of Caillemot and
his refugees, the main body of the English infantry struggled
through the water. Still further down the stream the Danes
found another ford. In a few minutes the Boyne, for a quar-
ter of a mile was alive with muskets and green boughs.
It was not till the assailants had reached the middle of the
channel that they became aware of the whole difficulty and
danger of the service in which they were engaged. They had
as yet seen little more than half of the hostile army. Now
whole regiments of foot and horse seemed to start out of the
earth. A wild shout of defiance rose from the whole shore :
(luring one moment the event seemed doubtful : but the Pro-
testants pressed resolutely forward ; and in another moment
the whole Irish line gave way. Tyrconnel looked on in help-
less despair. He did not want personal courage : but his mili-
tary skill was so small that he hardly ever reviewed his regi-
ment in the Phoenix Park without committing some blunder ;
and to rally the ranks which w"ere breaking all round him was
no task for a general who had survived the energy of his body
and of his mind, and yet had still the rudiments of his profes-
sion to learn. Several of his best officers fell while vainly en-
deavouring to prevail on their soldiers to look the Dutch Blues
in the face. Richard Hamilton ordered a body of foot to fall
on the French refugees, who were still deep in water. He led
the way, and, accompanied by several courageous gentlemen, ad-
vanced, svvord in hand, into the river. But neither his com-
mands nor his example could infuse courage into that mob of
cowstealers. He was left almost alone, and retired from the
[ bankin despair. Further down the river Antrim's division
■ ran like sheep at the approach of the English column. Whole
'■ regiments flung away arms, colours and cloaks, and scampered
off to the hills without striking a blow or firing a shot.
It required m.any years and many heroic exploits to take
away the reproach which that
Ignominious
rout left on the
39G
If :r
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Irish name. Yet, even before the day closed it was abundantly
proved that the reproach was unjust. Kichard Hamilton put
himself at the head of the cavalry, and, under his commaiid
they made a gallant, though unsuccessful, attempt to rstrieve
the day. They maintained a desperate fight in the bed of thf
river with Solmes's Blues. They drove the Danish brigade
back into the stream. They fell impetuously on the Huguenot
regiments, which, not being provided with pikes, then oidi-
narly used by foot to repel horse, began to give ground. Call-
leraot, while encouraging his fellow exiles, received a mortal
wound in the thigh. Four of his men carried him back across
the ford to his tent. As he passed, he continued to urge
forward the rear ranks which were still up to the breast in
the water. "On, on, my lads: to glory; to glory." Schom
berg, who had remained on the northern bank, and who haJ
thence watched the progress of his troops with the eye of a
general, now thought that the emergency required from him tht>
personal exertion of a soldier. Those who stood about hira be-
sought him to put on his cuirass. Without defensive armour
he rode through the river, and rallied the refugees whom the
fall of Caillemot had dismayed. " Come on," he cried in
French, pointing to the Popish squadrons ; " come on, gentle-
men: there are your persecutors." Those were his last words,
As he spoke, a band of Irish horsemen rushed upon him and
encircled him for a moment. When they retired, he was on
the ground. His friends raised him ; he was already a corpse,
Two sabre wounds were on his head ; and a bullet from a car-
bine was lodged in his neck. Almost at the same moment
Walker, while exhorting the colonists of Ulster to play the
men, was shot dead. During near half an hour the battle con-
tinued to rage along the southern shore of the river. All \ved. But it is cer-
relieved to posst^ss,
e which qualifies p.
disgrace, but that
irtue of great com-
later years, he re-
i inspired timorous
lowed a pusillanim-
the most powerful
to encounter peril
Boyne. The eyes
his friends devoted
ess his humiliation,
wn opinion, sacred
revenge. He was a
e was a father come
e was a zealous Ru
of crusades. If all
'e position which he
'hich, it might have
i torpid of mankind
y, wounded, swim-
leading the charge,
ith the left hand,
But none of these
lUre. Ho watcheil,
battle on which his
hen it became clear
■ was seized with aii
epted, and galloped
^dyguard under the
command of Sarslield, who luid, on that (^ay, had no opi)(>rtu-
nity of displaying the skill and (•oura,L;e whicli his enemies
allowed that he possessed. The French au.xiliaries, who had
been employed the whole morning in kee[)ing William's right
wing in the check, covered tin; flight of the beaten army. They
were indeed in some danger of being broken and swept away
by the torrent of runaways, all pressing to get first to the pass
of Duleek, and were forced to fire repeatedly on these despic-
able allies. The retreat was, however, effected witli less loss
than might have been expected. For even the admirers of
William owned that he did not show in the pursuit the energy
which even his detractors acknowledged that he had shown in
the battle. Perhaps his physical infirmities, his hurt, and the
fatigue which he had undergone, had made him incapable of
bodily or mental exertion. Of tlie last forty hours he had
passed thirty-five on horseback. Schomberg, who might have
supplied his place, was no more. It was said in the camp that
the King could not do everytiiing, and that what was not done
by him was not done at all.
The slaughter had been less than on any battle field of ecjual
importance and celebrity. Of the Irish, only about fifteen
hundred had fallen ; but they were almost all cavalry, the
flower of the army, brave and well disciplined men, Vv'hose place
could not easily be supplied. William gave strict onlers that
there should be no unnecessary bloodshed, and enforced those
orders by an act of laudable severity. One of his soldiers, after
the fight was over, butchered three defenceless Irishmen who
asked for quarter. The King ordered the murderer to be
hanged on the spot.
The loss of the conquerors did not exceed five hundred men ;
but among them was the first captain in Europe. To his corpse
every honour was paid. The only cemetery in which so illus-
trious a warrior, slain in arms for the liberties and religion of
England, could properly be laid was that venerable .\bbey,
hallowed by the dust of many generations of princes, heroes
and poets. It was announced that the brave veteran should
have a public funeral at Westminster. In the mt^antirne, his
corpse was embalmed with such skill as could be found in the
camp, and was deposited in a leaden coffin.
Walker was treated less respectfully. William thought him
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a ])usyb()(ly who luul lu'cii properly punished for riiiiuing into
danf^or without any call of duty, and nxprcssed that ft'eliiij,',
with ciiaracteristic hluntnobs, on the field of battle. " Sir," .said
an attendant, " the Bisho}) of Derry has been killed by a shot
at tne ford." " What took him there V growled the King.
The victorious army advanced that day to Duleek, and passed
the warm summer night there und(!r the open sky. The tents
and the baggage waggons were still on the north of the river.
William's coach had been brought over ; an find a hare sitting. Sometimes he
sprang into a stream, and lay there, like an otter, with only liis
mouth and nostrils above the water. Nay, a whole gang of
banditti would, in the twinkling of an eye, transform itself into
a crowd of harmless labourers. Every man took his gun to
pieces, hid the lock in his clothes, stuck a cork in the muzzle,
stopped the touch hole with a quill, and threw the weapon into
the next pond. Nothing was to be seen but a train of poor
rustics who had not so much as a cudgel among them, and
whose humble look and crouching walk seemed to show that
their spirit was thoroughly broken to slavery. When the peril
was over, when the signal was given, every man flew to the
V
1. 31 i ¥
i«
'* i<
'i'S'
< I
( f
! ■
! ii
14
■ «s
ft
i .
402
place where he had hid his arms ; and soon the robbers were in
fall march towards son.e Protestant mansion. One band pene-
trated to Clonmel, another to the vicinity of Maryborough : a
third made its den in a woody islet of firm ground, surrounded
by ine vast bog of Allen, harried the county of Wicklow, and
alarmed even the suburbs of Dublin. Such expeditions indeed
were not always successful. Sometimes the plunderers fell in
with parties of militia, or with detachmen*^s from the English
garrisons, in situ:^tions in which disguise, flight and resistance
were alike impossible. When ^his happened every kerne who
was taken was hanged, without any ceremony, on the nearest
tree.
At the h^cvd quarters of the Irish army there was, during the
winter, no authority capable of exacting obedience even within
a circle of a mile. Tyrconnel was absent at the court of France.
He had left the supreme government in the hands of a Council
of Regency composed of twelve persons. The nominal com-
mand of the army he had| confided to Berwick, but Berwick,
though, as he afterwards proved, a man of no common courage
and capacity, was young and inexperienced. His powers were
unsuspected by tne world and by himself; and he submitted
without reluctance to the tutelafije of a Council of War nomin-
ated by the Lord Lieutenant. Neither the Council of Regen'-y
nor the Council of Wnr was popular at Limerick. The Irish
complained that men who were not Irish had been entrusted
with a large share in the administration. The cry was loudeft
against an officer named Thomas Maxwell. For it was certain
that he was a Scotchman ; it was doubtful whether he was a
Roman Catholic ; and he had not concealed the dislike which
he felt for that (Ijltic Parliament which had reperded the Act
of Settlement and passed the Act of Attainder. The discon-
tent, fomented by the arts of intriguers, among whom the cun-
ning and unprincipled Henry Lutterell seems to have been the
most active, soon broke forth into open rebellicn. A great
meeting was held. Many officers of the army, some peers,
some lawyers of high note and some prelates of the Roman
Catholic Church were present. It was resolved that the gov-
ernment Let up by the Lord Lieutenant was unknovvn to the
constitution. Ireland, it was said, could be legally governed,
in the absence of the King, only by a Lord Lieutenant, by a
403
: robbers were in
One band pene-
laryborough : a
[►und, surrounded
)f WickloAv, and
Ipeditions indeed
llunderers fell in
jom the English
|t and resistance
3 very kerne who
If on the nearest
e was, during the
ence even within
i court of France.
andsof a Council
le nominal com-
ck, but Berwick,
common courage
His powers were
nd he submitted
il of War nomin-
ouncil of Regen'^y
erick. The Irish
d been entrusted
e cry was loudest
For it was certain
whether he was a
the dislike which
repe'"ded the Act
ler. The discoii-
ig whom the cun-
to have been the
bellicn. A great
rmy, some peers,
tes of the Roman
^ed that the gov-
unknovvn to the
legally governed,
Lieutenant, by a
Lord Deputy or by Luriis JustictiS. The Ring was absent.
The Tord Lieutenant was absent. There was no Lord Deputy.
There were no Lords Justices. The Act by which Tyrconnel had
delegated his authority to a junto composed of his creatures
was a mere nullity. The nation was therefore left without any
legitimate chief, and n-ight, without violating the allegiance
due to the Crown, make temporary provision for its own safety.
A deputation was sent to inform Berwick that lie had assumed
a power to which he had no right, but that nevertheless, the
army and people of Ireland would willingly acknowledge him
as their head if he would consent to govern by the advice of a
council truly Irish. Berwick indignantly expressed his w( nder
that military men sb.ould presume to mc.et and deliberate \nih.-
out the permission of their general. Tliey answered that there
was no general, and that, if His Grace did not choose to under-
take the administration on the terms proposed, another leader
would easily be found. Berwick very reluctantly yielded, and
continued to be a puppet in a new set of hands.
Those who had effected this revolution thought it prudent to
send a deputation to France for the purpose of vindicating their
proceedings. Of the deputation the Romxan Catholic Bishop of
Cork and the two Luttrells were members. In the ship which
conveyed them from Limerick to Brest they found a fellow pas-
senger whose presence was by no means agreeable to them,
their enemy, Maxwell. They suspected, and not without rea-
son, that he was going, like them, to St. Germains, but on a
very different errand. The truth was that Berwick had sent
Maxwell to watch their motions and to traverse their designs.
Henry Luttrell, the least scrupulous of men, proposed to settle
the matter at once by tossing the Scotchman into the sea. But
the Bishop, who was a man of conscience, and Sinion Luttrell,
who was a man of honour, objected to this expedient.
Meanwhile, at Limerick, the supnaie power was in abeyance.
Berwick, finding that he had no real autliority, altogether neg-
lecied business, and gave himself up to such pleasures as that
dreary place of banishment afforded. There was among the
Irish chiefs no man of sufficient weighl, and ability to control
the rest. Sarsfield for a time took the lead. Init Sarstield,
though eminently brave and active in the field, was little skilled
in the administration of war, and still less skilled in civil busi-
404
i ■
m, \
' ,•
#1 i! liiii
ness. Those who were most desirous to support his authority
were forced to own that his nature was too unsuspicious and
indulgent for a post in which it was hardly possible to be too
distrustful or too severe. He believed whatever was told him.
He signed whatever was set before him. The commissaries,
encouraged by his lenity, robbed and embezzled more shame-
lessly than ever. They sallied forth daily, guarded by pikes
and firelocks, to seize, nominally for the public service, but
really for themselves, wool, linen, leather, tallow, domestic
utensils, instruments of Jiusbandry, searched every pantry, every
wardrobe, every cellar, i^nd even laid sacrilegious hands on the
property of priests and prelates.
Ear y in the spring, the government, if it is to be so called,
of which Berwick was the ostensible head, was dissolved by the
return of Tyrconnel. The LuttrelJs had, in the name of their
countrymen, implored James not to subject so loyal a people
to so odious and incapable a viceroy. Tyrconnel, they said,
was old : he was infirm : he needed much sleep : he knew
nothing of war : he was dilatory : he was partial : he was rapa-
cious : he was distrusted and hated by the whole nation. The
Irish, deserted by him had made a gallant stand, and had com-
pelled the victorious army of the Prince of Orange to retreat.
They hoped soon to take the field again, thirty thousand strong ;
and they adjured their King to send them some captain worthy
to command such a force. Tyrconnel and Maxwell, on the
other hand, represented the delegates as mjitineers, demagogues,
traitors, and pressed James to send Henry Luttrell to keep
Mountjoy company in the Bastixe. James, bewildered by these
criminations and recriminations, hesitated long, and at last with
characteristic wisdom, relieved himself from trouble by giving
all the quarrellers fair words, and by sending them all back to
have their fight out in Ireland. Berwick was at the same time
recalled to France.
Tyrconnel was received at Limerick, even by his enemies,
with decent respect. Much as they hated him, they could not
question the validity of his commission, and, though they still
maintained that they had been perfectly justified in annulling,
during his absence, the unconstitutional arrangements which he
had made, they acknowledged that, when he was present, he
was their lawful governor. He was not altogether unpi'ovided
405
lis authority
ispicious and
|ible to be too
^as told him.
commissaries,
Jmore shame-
(ded by pikes
service, but
iw, domestic
Ipantry, every
[hands on the
be so called,
solved by the
ame of their
yal a people
j1, they said,
: he knew
he was rapa-
nation. The
and had com-
to retreat.
Lisand strong ;
iptain worthy
[well, on the
demagogues,
:trell to keep
lered by these
d at last with
ble by giving
m all back to
the same time
his enemies,
ley could not
igh they still
in annulling,
■nts which he
,s present, he
1 unprovided
with the means of conciliating them. He brought many
gracious messages and promises, a patent of peerage for Sars-
field, some money which was not of bra^:s, and some clothing,
which was even more acceptable than money. The new gar-
ments were not indeed very tine. But even the generals had
long been out at elbows ; and there were few of the common
men whose habiliments would have been thought sufficient to
dress a scarecrow in a more prosperous country. Now, at
length, for the tirst time in many months, every private soldier
could boast of a pair of breeches and a pair of brogues. The
Lord Lieutenant had also been authorized to announce that he
should be followed by ships laden with provisions and military
stores. This announcement was most welcome to the troops
who had long been without bread, and who had nothing stronger
than water to drink.
During some weeks the supplies were impatiently expected.
At last, Tyrconnel was forced to shut himself up ; for, whenever
he appeared in public, the soldiers ran after him clamouring for
food. Even the beef and mutton, which, half raw, half buni3d,
without vegetables, without salt, had hitherto supported the
army, had become scarce ; and the common men were on ra-
tions of horsellesh when the promised sails were seen in the
mouth of the Shannon.
A distinguished French general, named Saint Ruth, was on
board with his staff. He brought a commission which ap-
pointed him commander in chief of the Irish army. The com-
mission did not expressly declare that he was to be independent
of the viceregal authority ; but he had been assured by James
that Tyrconnel should have secret instructions not to mter-
meddle in the conduct of the war. Saint Ruth was assisted by
another general officer named ^'Usson. The French ships
brought some arms, some ammunition, and a plentiful supply
of corn and flour. The spirits of the Iri'.h rose ; and the Te
Deum was chanted with fervent devoMon m the Cathedral ot
Limerick.
Tyrconnel had made no preparations for the approachmg cam-
paign. But Saint Ruth, as soon as he had landed, exerted him-
self strenuously to redeem the time which had been lost. He was
a man of courage, activity, and resolution, but of a harsh and
imperious nature. In his own country he was celebrated as
I >,
■ »
'('.
■ft"'
ifi* :• IB
..l^'
40(»
the most merciless persecutor that had ever dragooned tli«'
Huguenots to mass. It was a^iserted by English Whigs that
he was known in France by the nickname of the Hangman ;
that, at Rome, the very cardinals had shown their abhorrence
of his cruelty ; and that even Queen Christina, who had little
right to be squeamish about bloodshed, had turned away from
him with loathing. He had recently held a command in Savoy.
The Irish regiments in the French service had formed pait of
his army, and had behaved extremely well. It was, therefore,
supposed that he had a peculiar talent for managing Irish
troops. But there was a wide difference between the well clad,
well armed, and well drilled Irish, with whom he was familiar,
and the ragged marauders whom he found swarming in the
alleys of Limerick. Accustomed to the splendour and the
discipline of French camps and garrisons, he was disgusted by
finding that, in the country to which he had been sent, a regi-
ment of infantry meant a mob of people as naked, as dirty,
and as disorderly as the beggars whom he had been accustomed
to see on the Continent besieging the door of a monastery or
pursuing a diligence up hill. With ill concealed contempt,
however, he addressed himself vigorously to the task of dis-
ciplining these strange soldiers, and was day and night in sad-
dle, galloping from post to post, from Limerick to Athlone,
from Athlone to the northern extremity of Lough Rea, and
from Loui'h Rea back to Limerick.
It was indeed necessary that he should bestir himself ; for, a
few days after his arrival, he learned that, on the other side of
the Pale, all was ready for action. The greater part of the
English force was collected, before the close of May, in the
neighbourhood of Mullingar. Ginkell commanded in chief.
He had under him the two best officers, after Marlborough, of
whom our island could then boast, Talmash and Mackay. The
Marquess of Ruvigny, the hereditary chief of the refugees,
and elder brother of the brave Caillemot, who had fallen at the
Boyne, had joined the army with rank of major-general. The
Lord Justice Coningsby, though not by profession a soldier,
came down from Dublin, to animate the zeal of the troops.
The appearance of the camp showed that the money voted by
the English Parliament had not been spared. The uniforms
were new : the ranks were one blaze of scarlet ; and tlie train
i-ii*!*i'
407
dragooned the
h Whigs that
le Hangman ;
eir abhorrence
who had little
led away from
nand in KSavoy.
formed part of
was, therefore,
nanaging Irish
Q the well clad,
e was familiar,
warming in the
idour and the
s disgusted by
m sent, a regi-
aked, as dirty,
?en accustomed
I monastery or
tied contempt,
he task of dis-
i night in sad-
k to Athlone,
ough Rea, and
bimself ; for, a
e other side of
T part of the
' May, in the
inded in chief
irlborough, of
VTackay. The
the refugees,
d fallen at the
general. The
ion a soldier,
>f the troops.
)ney voted by
rhe uniforms
and the train
neve
seen m
of artillery was such as h
land.
On the sixth of June, Ginkell mov.'d his headquarters from
Mullingar. On the seventh, he reached Ballymore. At Bally-
more, on a peninsula almost surrounded by something between
a s^amp and a lake, stood an ancient fortress, which had
recently been fortified under Sarsfield's direction, and which
was defended by above a thousand men. The English guns
were instantly planted. In a few hours the besiegers had the
satisfaction of seeing the besieged running like rabbits from
one shelter to another. The governor, who had at first held
high language, begged piteously for quarter, and obtained it.
The whole garrison was marched off to Dublin. Only eight of
the conquerors had fallen.
Ginkell passed some days in reconstructing the defence of
Ballymore. This work had scarcely been performed when he
was joined by the Danish auxiliaries under the command of
the Duke of Wirtemberg. The whole army then moved west-
ward, and, on the nineteenth of June, appeared before the
walls of Athlone.
Athlone was perhaps, in a military point of view, the most
important place in the island. Rosen, who understood war
well, had always maintained that it was there that the Irishry
would, with most advantajie, make a stand against the
Englishry. The town, which was surrounded by ramparts of
earth, lay partly in Leinster and partly in Connaught. The
English quarter, which was in Leinster, had once consisted of
new and handsome houses, but had been burned by the Irish
some months before, and now lay in heaps of ruin. The Cel-
tic quarter, which was in Connaught, was old and meanly built.
The Shannon, which is the boundary of the two provinces,
rushed through Athlone in a deep and rapid stream, and turned
two large mills which rose on the arches of a stone bridge.
Above the bridge, on the Connaught side, a castle, built, it was
said, by King John, towered to the height of seventy feet, and
extended two hundred feet along the river. Fifty or sixty
yards below the bridge was a narrow ford.
During the night olf the nineteenth the English placed their
cannon. On the morning of the twentieth, the firing began.
At five in the afternoon, an assault was made. A brave French
refugee with a grenade in his hand was the first to climb the
I ,
408
■ r :
W' ^i
jS-' '?
■ "■■ i
ill!
111
breach, and foil, cheering his countrymen to the onset with
his latest breath. Such were the gallant spirits which the
bigotry of Louis had sent to recruit, in the time of his utmost
need, the armies of his deadliest enemies. The example was
not lost. The grenades fell thick. The assailants mounted by
hundreds. The Irish gave way and ran towards the bridge.
There the press was so great that some of the fugitives were
crushed to death in the narrow passage, and others were
forced over the parapets into the waters which roared among
the mill-wheels below. In a few hours Ginkell had made him-
self master of the English quarter of Athlone ; and this suc-
cess had cost him only twenty men killed and forty wounded.
But his work was only begun. Between him and the Irish
town the Sharnion ran fiercely. The bridge was so narrow
that a few resolute men mighu keep it against an army. The
mills which stood on it were strongly guarded ; and it was
commanded by the guns of the castle. That part of the Con-
naught shore where the river was fordable was defended by
works, which the Lord Lieutenant had, in spite of the murmurs
of a powerful party, forced Saint Ruth to entrust to the care
of Maxwell. Maxwell had come back from France a more un-
popular man than he had been when he went thither. It was
rumoured that he had, at Versailles, spoken opprobriously of
the Irish nation ; and he had, on this account, been, only a few
days before, publicly affronted by Sarsfield. On the twenty-
first of June, the English were busied in flinging up batteries
along the Leinster bank. On the twenty-second soon after
dawn, the cannonade began. The firing continued all that
day and all the following night. When morning broke again,
one whole side of the castle had been beaten down ; the
thatched lanes of the Celtic town lay in ashes ; and one of the
mills had been burned with sixty soldiers who defended it.
Still, however, the Irish defended the bridge resolutely.
During several days there was sharp fighting hand to hand in
the straight passage. The assailants gained ground, but gained
it inch by inch. The courage of the garrison was sustained
by the hope of speedy succour. Saint Ruth had at iengh com-
pleted his preparations ; and the tidings that Athlone was in
danger had induced him to take the field in haste at the head
of an army, superior in number, though inferior in more im-
i' llill-!
the onset with
nr'its which the
ne of his utmost
he example was
ants mounted by
ards the bridge.
le fugitives were
id others were
1 roared among
1 had made him-
; and this suc-
forty wounded,
im and the Irish
was so narrow
an army. The
ied ; and it was
part of the Con-
ivas defended by
e of the murmurs
rust to the care
ranee a more un-
thither. It was
opprobriously of
been, only a few
On the twenty-
ing up batteries
econd soon after
ntinued all that
ling broke again,
aten down ; the
; and one of the
) defended it.
:idge resolutely,
hand to hand in
ound, but gained
)n was sustained
ad at iengh com-
Athlone was in
aste at the head
irior in more im-
409
portant elements of military strength, to the army of Ginkoll
The French general seems to have ihought that the bridvn that one of these fanatics, a colonel,
had used language which, in the mouth of an officer so high
in rank, might well cause uneasiness. " The King," this man
had said, " is nothing to me. I obey Sarsfield. Let Sarsfield
tell me to kill any man in the whole army ; and I will do it."
Sarsfield was, indeed, too honourable a gentleman to abuse his
inimense power over the minds of hit- worshippers. But the
Viceroy and ^he Commander-in-Chief might not unnaturally
be disturbed by tlio thought that Sarsfield's honour was their
only guarantee against mutiny and assassination. The conse-
quence was that, at the crisis of the fate of Ireland the
services of the first of Irish soldiers were not used, or were
used with jealous caution, and .hat, if he ventured to offer a
suggestion, it was received ^/vitli a sneer or a frown.
A great and unexpected disaster put an end to these disputes.
On the thirteenth of June Ginkell called a council of war.
Forage began to be scarce ; and it was absolutely necessary
that the besiegers should either force their way across the
river or retreat. The difficulty of effecting a passage over the
shattered remains of the bridge seemed almost insuperable.
It was proposed to try the ford. The Duke of Wirtemberg,
Talmash, and Ruvigny gave their voices in favour of this plan ;
and Ginkell, with some misgivings, consented.
It was determined that the attempt should be made that
very afternoon. The Irish, fancying that the English were
about to retreat, kept guard carelessly. Part of the garrison
was idlin^'x? V^^^ dosing. D'u sson waL at table. Saint Kuth
was in his tent, writing a letter to his master filled wiili charges
against Tyrconnel. Meanwhile, fifteen hundred grenadiers,
each wearing in his hat a green bough, were mustered on the
Leinster bank of the Shannon. Many of them doubtless re-
membered that on that day year they had, at the command of
King VVilham, put green boughs in their hats on the banks of
the Eoyne. Cuineas had been liberally s«'attered among thci^c
picked men , but tiieir alacriiy was such as gold cannot pui
if
I
- r '.f-^
nt Ruth agreed
ily was lie popu-
was also sur-
3 him resembled
Old Man of the
mitics, a colonel,
n officer so high
King/' this man
. Let Sarsfield
nd I will do it."
fian to abuse his
pperb. But the
not iiniiaturally
onour was their
on. The conse-
of Ireland the
ot u.sed, or were
iitured to offer a
3wn.
these disputes.
council of war.
lutely necessary
way across the
passage over the
tiost insuperable.
of Wirtemberg,
)ur of this plan ;
Id be made that
le English were
: ')f the garrison
•le. Saint liutli
led Willi charges
lied grenadiein,
mustered on the
em donbtless re-
the command of
on the baniss of
'led among thei^c
gold cannot pui
411
chase. Six battalions were in readiness to support the attack.
Mackay commanded. He did not aj)pr()ve of the plan : but he
executed it as zealously and energetically as if he himself had
been the author of it. The Duke of Wirtemberg, Talmash,
and several other gallant officers, to whom no part in the enter-
prise had been a&signed, insisted on serving that day as private
volunteers ; and their appiiarancci in the ranks excited the
fiercest enthusiasm among the soldiers.
It was six o'clock. A jn'al from the steeple of the church
gave the signal. Prince (4eorge of Hesse i)armsta,dt, and
Gustavus Hamilton, the brave chief of th(! Enniskillenners,
descended first into the Shannon. Then the grenadiers lifted
the Duke of Wirtemberg on their shoulders, and, with a great
shout, plunged twenty abreast up to their cravats in water.
The stream ran deep and strong ; but in a few minutes the
head of the column reached dry land. Talm;ish was the fifth
man that set foot on the Connaught shore. Tlu^ Irish, taken
unprepared, fired one confused volley and fled, leaving their
commander, Maxwell, a prisoner. The conquerors clambered
up the bank over the remains of walls shattered by a cannonade
of ten days. Mackay heard his men cursing and swearing as
they stumbled among the rubbish. " My lads," cried the stout
old Puritan, in the midst of the uproar, " you are })rave
fellows ; but do not swear. We have more reason to thank
God for the goodness which He has shown us this day than to
take his name in vain." The victory was complete. Planks
were placed on the broken riches of the bridge and pontoons
laid on the river, withoui any opposition on the part of the
terrified garrison. With t'le loss of twelve men killed and
about thirty wounded the English had, in a few minutes, forced
their way into Cc»ii naught.
At the first alarm D'Usson hastened towards the river ; but
he was met, swept away, tiampU-d down, and almost killed by
the torrent of fugitives. He was carried to the camp in such a
state that it was necessary to bleed him. " Taken 1" cried
Saint Kuth, in dismay. " It cannot be. A town taken, and I
close by with an army to relieve it ! " Cruelly mortified, he
struck his tents under cover of tin; night, and retreated m the
(lii(-et;on of Gahvav. At dawi^ the E,i,irlish saw far off, from
the top of King John's ruined castle, the Irish army mo vmg
I -(
\'%.
J' I
K r,
k '
t i:
tmi
H
l/-
i
Biik.
412
«
througli the dreary region which separates the Shannon from
the Suck. Before noon the rear-guard had disappeared.
Even before the loss of Athlone the Celtic camp had been
distracted by factions. It may be easily supposed, therefore,
that, after so great a disaster, nothing was to be heard but cri-
mination and recrimination. The enemies of the Lord Lieuten-
ant were more clamorous than ever. He and his creatures had
brought the kingdom to the verge of perdition. He would
meddle with what he did not understand. He would overrule
the plans of men* who were real soldiers. He would entrust
the most important of all posts to his tool, his spy, the wretch-
ed Maxwell, not a born Irishman, not a sincere Catholic, at
best a blunderer, and too probably a traitor. Maxwell, it was
affirmed, had left his men unprovided with ammunition.
When they had applied to him for powder and ball, he had
asked whether they wanted to shoot larks. Just before the
attack he had told them to go to their supper and to take their
rest, for that nothing more would be done that day. When he
had delivered himself up a prisoner, he had uttered some words
which seemed to indicate a previous understanding with the
conquerors. The Lord Lieutenant's few friends told a very
different story. According to them, Tyrconnel and Maxwell
suggested precautions which would have made a surprise im-
possible. The French general, impatient of all interference,
had omitted to take these precautions. Maxwell had been
rudely told that, if he was afraid, he had better resign his com-
mand. He had done his duty bravely. He had stood while
his men fled. He had consequently fallen into the hands of
the enemy ; and he was now, in his absence, slandered by those
to whom his captivity was justly imputable. On which side
the truth lay it is not easy, at this distance of time, to pronounce.
The cry against Tyrconnel was, at the moment, so loud, that he
gave way and sullenly retired to Limerick. D'Usson, who had
not yet recovered from the hurts inflicted by his own runaway
troops, repaired to Galway.
Saint Ruth, now left in undisputed possession of the su-
preme command, was bent on trying the chances of a battle.
Most of the Irish officers, with Sarstield at their head, were of
a very different mind. It was, they said, not to be dissembled
that, in discipline, the army of Ginkell was far superior to
3 Shannon from
ippeared.
camp had been
)Osed, therefore,
6 heard but cri-
le Lord Lieiiten-
lis creatures had
ion. He would
! would overrule
3 would entrust
spy, the wretch-
;ere Catholic, at
Maxwell, it was
th ammunition.
Lud ball, he had
Just before the
uid to take their
day. When he
ered some words
anding with the
ads told a very
el and Maxwell
le a surprise im-
all interference,
xwell had been
:r resign his com-
lad stood while
to the hands of
andered by those
On which side
me, to pronounce.
, so loud, that he
I'Usson, who had
lis own runaway
ssion of the su-
mces of a battle.
3ir head, were of
to be dissemblcid
IS far superior to
4L1
theirfi. The wijio coune, therefore, evideniir wn* to carry o
the war in sucli a manner that the differeiicJ between tlio dis-
ciplmed and the undisciplined soldier might be as small as pos-
sible. It was well known that raw recruits ofUm pluyed their
part well in a foray, in a street fight, or in defence of a ram-
part ; but that, on a pitched field, they had little cliance against
veterans. " Let most of our foot be collected behind the walls
in Limerick and Galway. Let the rest, togetlier with our
horse, get in rear of the enemy, and cut off his supplies. If he
adviinces into Connaught, let us overran [jeinster. If he sits
down before Galway, which may well be defended, let us make
a push for Dublin, which is altogether defenceless. " Saint Ruth
might, perhaps, have thouglitthis advice good, if his judgment
had not been biassed by his passions. But he was smartiiv
from the pain of a humiliating defeat. In sight of his tent,
the English had passed a rapid river, and had stormed a strong
town. He could not but feel that, though others might have
been to blame, he was not himself blameless. He had, to say
the least, taken things too easily. Louis, accustomed to be
served during many years by commanders who were not in the
habit of leaving to chance anything which could be made se-
cure by wisdom, would hardly think it a sufficient excuse that
his general had not expected the enemy to make so bold and
sudden an attack. The Lord Lieutenant would, of course, re-
present what had passed in the most unfavourable manner ;
and whatever the Lord Lieutenant said James would echo. A
sharp reprimand, a letter of recall, might be expected. To return
to Versailles a culprit ; to approach the great King in an agony
of distress ; to see him shrug his shoulders, knit his brow and
turn his back ; to be sent, far from courts and camps, to lan-
guish at some dull country seat ; this was too much to be
borne ; and yet this might well be apprehended. There was
one escape ; to fight, and to conquer, or to perish.
In such a temper Saint Kuth pitched his camp about thirty
miles from Athlone, on the road to Galway, near tlie ruined
castle of Aughrim, and determined to await the approach of the
English army.
His whole deportment was changed. He had hitherto
treated the Irish soldier with contemptuous severity. But now
that he had resolved to stake life and fame on the valour u4'
i'
1 1
i.
4 11'
tli« (Ic^spised rjKM!, ho Ixm'uuio aiiotlirr TUini. Diiriii'^ th»* 1' vv
days which rcniaiiioil to liini, hiMixcrtiMl himselt'to wiiil)y iiKhil-
enco and caiejsscs tlio liearts of all who were under his com-
mand, 1I<', lit tho samo tinio, administcsred to his troops
moral stimulants of tlioniost potent kind. H<; was a zealous
Konuui Catholic ; and it is ])r()l)iil)le that tho stiverity with
which he had treated the Piotestants of his own countiy,
ought to be partly ascribed to th(! hatred which he felt for their
doctrines. He now trie(l to give to the war the character of a
crusade. The clergy were the agents whom he enii)loyed to
sustain the courage of his soldiers. The whole cam}) was in a
fennent of religious excitement. In every regiment priests
were praying, preaching, shi'iving, holding up the host and the
cup. While the soldiers sworc^ o!i the sacramental bread not to
abandon their colours, the general addressed to the officers an
appeal which might have moved the mostlanguid and effeminate
natures to heroic exertion They were fighting, \m said, for th(Mr
religion, their liberty and their honour. Unhappy evcnits.
too widely celtic race. Again
and again the iissailants were n
Rans of a bridge
'Octed by a fort.
But th'e fall of
:en the sj)ii'it of
419
the army. A small party, at the head of which were Sarsfield
and a brave Scotch officer named Wauchope, cherished a hope
that the triumphant progress of Ginkell might be stopped by
those walls from which William had, in the preceding year,
been forced to retreat. But many of che Irish chiefs loudly de-
clared that it was time to think of capitulating. Henry Lutt-
rel, rlvvays fond of dark and crooked politics, opened a secret
negotiation with the English. One of his letters was intercept-
ed, and he was pat under arrest ; but many who blamed his
perfidy agreed with him in thinking that it was idle to prolong
the contest. Tyrconnel himself was convinced that all was
lost. His only hope was that he might be able to prolong the
struggle till he could receive from Saint Germains permission to
treat. He wrote to request that permission, and prevailed,
with some difficulty, on his desponding countrymen to bind
themselves by an oath not to capitulate till an answer from
James should arrive.
A few days after the oath had been administered, Tyrconnel
was no more. On the eleventh of August he dined with
D'Usson. The party was gay. The Lord Lieutenant seemed to
have thrown off the load which had bowed down his body and
mind : he drank : he jested : he was again the Dick Talbot
who had diced and revelled with Grammont. Soon after he
had risen from table, an apoplectic stroke deprived him of
speech and sensation. On the fourteenth, he breathed his
last. The wasted remains of that form which had once been a
model for statuaries were laid under the pavement of the
Cathedral ; but no inscription, no tradition, preserves the
memorv of the spot.
As soon as the Lord Lieutenant was no more, Plowden, who
had superintended the Irish finances while there were any Irish
finances to superintend, produced a commission under the
great seal of James. This commission appointed Plowden
himself, Fitton and Nagle, Lords Justices in the event ol Tyr-
connel's death. Tliere was much murmuring when the names
were made known. For both Plowden and Fitton were Sax-
ons. The commission, however, proved to be a mere nullity.
For it was accompanied by instructions which torbade the
Lords Justices to interfere in the conduct of the war ■ and,
witlun the narrow space to which the domuiions of James
420
u i
it 1'
f. I
I I
!
were now reduced, war was the only business. The Goy-
ernment was, therefore, really in the hands of D'Usson and
Sarsfield.
On the day on which Tyrconnel died, the advanced guard of
the English army came within sight of Limerick. Ginkell en-
camped on the same ground which William had occupied twelve
months before. The batteries, on which were planted guns
and bombs, very different from those which William had been
forced to use, played day and night ; and soon roofs were
blazing and walls crashed in every corner of the city. Whole
streets were reduced to ashes. Meanwhile several English
ships of war came up the Shannon and anchored about a mile
below the city.
Still the place held out ; the garrison was, in numerical
strength, little inferior to the besieging army ; and it seemed
not impossible that the defence might be prolonged till the
equinoxial rains should a second time compel the English to
retire. Ginkell determined on striking a bold stroke. No
point in the whole circle of the fortifications was more impor-
tant, and no point seemed to be more secure, than the Thomond
Bridge, which joined the city to the camp of the Irish horse on
the Clare bank of the Shannon. The Dutch General's plan
was to separate the infantry within the ramparts from the
cavalry without ; and this plan he executed with great skill,
vigour and success. He laid a bridge of tin boats on the river,
crossed it with a strong body of troops, drove before him in
confusion fifteen hundred dragoons who made a faint show of
resistance, and marched towards the quarters of the Irish
horse. The Irish horse sustained but ill on this day the repu-
tation which they had gained at the Boyne. Indeed, that re-
putation had been purchased by the almost entire destruction
of the best regiments. Recruits had been without much diffi-
culty found. But the loss of the fifteen hundred excellent
soldiers was not to be repaired. The camp was abandoned
without a blow. Some of the cavalry fled into the city. The
rest, driving before them as many cattle as could be collected
in that moment of panic, retired to the hills. Much beef,
brandy and harness was found in the magazines ; and the
marshy plain of the Shannon was covered with firelocks and
grenades wliich the fugitives had thrown away.
421
The conquerors returned in triumph to their camp. But
Ginkell was not content with the advantage which he had
gained. He was bent on cutting off all communication between
Limerick and the County of Clare. In a few days, therefore,
he again crossed the river at the head of several regiments'
and attacked the fort which protected the Thomond^Bridge!
In a short time the fort was stormed. The soldiers who had
garrisoned it fled in confusion to the city. Hie Town Major,
a French officer, who commanded at the lliomond Gate, afraid
that the pursuers would enter with the fugitives, ordered that
part of the bridge which was nearest to the city to be drawn
up. Many of the Irish went headlong into the stream and
perished there. Others cried for quarter and held u)? handker-
chiefs in token of submission. But the conqurrors were mad
with rage : their cruelty could not be immediately restrained ;
and no prisoners were made till the heaps of corpses rose above
the parapets. The garrison of the fort had consisted of about
eight hundred men. Of these only a hundred and twenty es-
caped into Limerick.
This disaster seemed likely to produce a general mutiny in
the besieged city. The Irish clamoured for the blood of the
Town Major who had ordered the bridge to be drawn up in
face of their flying countrymen. His superir"s were forced to
promise that he should be brought before a court martial. Hap-
pily for him, he had received a mortal wound, in the act of
closing the Thomond Gate, and was saved by a soldier's death
from the fury of the multitude. The cry for capitulation be-
came so loud and importunate that the generals could not resist
it. D'Usson informed his government that th(; light at the
bridge had so efl'ectually cowed the spirit of the garrison that
it was impossible to continue the struggle. Some exception
may perhaps be taken to the evidence of DTT^son : for un-
doubtedly he, hke every Frenchman who had held any com-
mand in the Irish army, was weary of his banishment, and im-
patient to see Paris again. But it is certain that even Sarstield
had lost his heart. Up to this time his voice had been for
stubborn resistance. He was now not only willing, 1»ut impa-
tient to treat. It seemed to him that the city was doomed.
There was no hope of succour, domestic or foreign. In every
part of Ireland the Saxons had s'*t their feet on the necks of the
li ilt
I if]
natives. Sligo had fallen. Even those wild islands which in
tercept the huge waves of the Atlantic from the hay of Galway
had acknowledged the authority of WiUiani. The men of Kerry,
reputed the fiercest and most ungovernable part of the popula-
tion, had held out long, but h:id at length been routed, and
chased to their woods and mountains. A French fleet, even if
a French fleet were now to arrive on the coast of Munster,
would find the mouth of the Shannon guarded by English men
of war. The stock of provisions within Limerick was already
running low. If the siege were prolonged, the town would,
in all human probability, be reduced either by force or block-
ade. And if Ginkell should enter through the breach, or should
be implored by a multitude perishing with hunger to dictate
his own terms, what could be expected but a tyranny more in-
exorably severe than that of Cromwell ? Would it not be wise
to try what conditions could be obtained while the victors had
something to fear from the rage and despair of the vanquished ;
while the last Irish army could still make some show of resis-
tance behind the walls of the last Irish fortress !
On the evening of the day which followed the fight at the
Thomond Gate, the drums of Limerick beat a parley ; and
Wauchope, from one of the towers hailed the besiegers, an»l re-
quested Kuvigny to grant Sarsfield an interview. The brave
Frenchman who was an exile on account of his attachment to
one religion, and the brave Irishman who was about to become
an exile on account of his attachment to another, met and con-
ferred, doubtless with mutual sympathy and respect. Ginktdl
to whom liuvigny reported what had passed, willingly consented
to an armistice. For, constant as his success had been, it had
not made him secure. The chances were greatly on his side.
Yet it was possible that fn attempt to storm the city might
fail, as a similar attempt had failed twelve months before. If
the siege should be turned into a blockade, it was probable
that the pestilence which had been fatal to the army of Schoni-
berg, which had compelled William to retreat, and which had
all but prevailed even against the genius and energy of Marl-
borough, might soon avenge the carnage of Aughrim. The
rains had lately been heavy. The whole plain might shortly
iMmii inini('ii;,o ))ool of slai!;nant water. It miirlit be TT('<^essary
. . • 111'
to move the troops to a healtliier situation than the banKsoi
i*-
(
i-mu !
423
lands which in
e bay of Gal way
le men of Kerry,
't of the popula-
een routed, and
nch fleet, even if
mat of Munster,
hy English men
ick was already
le town would,
force or block-
)reach, or should
unger to dictate
yranny more in-
Id it not be wise
e the victors had
the vanquished :
e show of resis-
the fight at the
a parley ; and
esiegers, ami re-
ew. The bravo
is attachment to
about to become
er, met and con-
spect. GinJvell
lingly consented
lad been, it Jiad
itly on his side.
the city might
Qths before. ^U
it was probable
army of Schoni-
and which had
energy of Marl-
Aughrim. The
I might shortly
ht bo rcf'essary
an the banks u'.
the Shannon, and to provide for them a wainier shelter than
that of tents. The enemy would be safe till the spring. In
the spring a French army might land in Ireland : the mitives
might again rise in arm.s from i Donegal to Kerry; and the war,
which was now all but extinguished, might blaze forth fiercer
than ever.
A negotiation was therefore opened wiCh a sincere desire on
both sides to put an end to the contest. The chiefs of the Irish
army held several consultations, at which some Roman Catho-
lic prelates and some eminent lawyers were invited to assist.
A preliminary question, which perplexed tender consciences,
was submitted to the Bishops. The late Lord Lieutenant had
persuaded the officers of the garrison to swear that they would
not surrender Limerick till they should receive an answer to
the letter in which their situation had been explained to James.
The Bishops thought that the oath was no longer binding. It
had been taken at a time wdien the communications with
France were open, and in the full belief that the answer of
James would arrive within three weeks. More than twice
that time had clcipsed. Ever\ avenue leading to the city was
strictly guarded by the enemy. His Majesty's faithful sub-
jects, by holding out till it had become impossible for him to
signify his pleasure to them, had acted up to the spirit of their
promise.
The next question was what terms should be demanded. A
paper, containing propositions which statesmen of our age
will tliink reasonable, but which to the most humane and libe-
ral English Protestants of the seventeenth century appeared
extravagant, was ^ent to the camp of the besiegers. W hat
was asked was that all offences should be covered with oblivion,
that perfect freedom of worshi]) should be allowed to the na-
tive population, that every par'sh should have its priest, and
that Irish Roman Catholics should be capable of holding all
offices, civi" and military, and of enjoying all municipal privi-
leges.
Ginkell knew little of the laws and feelings of the English ;
but he had altout him persons who were competent to direct him .
They had a week before prevented him from brt^aking a Kap
l)ar("o. on the wheel ; and they now suggested an answer to the
propositions of the enem^. "" 1 am a stranger here," said Gm-
424
< '!■■•■
• i
ftivl
^^ P^ <
kell : *' I am ignorant of the constitution of these kingdoms ;
but I am assured that what you ask is inconsistent with that
constitution ; and therefore I cannot with honour consent."
He immediately ordered a new battery to be thrown up, and
guns and mortars to be planted on it. But his preparations
were speedily interrupted by another message from the ci:y.
The Irish begged that, since he could not grant what they had
demanded, he would tell them what he was willing to grant.
He called his advisers round hir^, .nd after some consultation,
sent ^ ack a paper cotitaii a;'^ th he- ds of h treat} , such as he
had reason to beLwVe th; i thi; ^lovernment which he served
would approve. What " e lained
that the other had violated it. Sarsfield was accused of put-
ting one of his officers under arrest for refusing to go to tlu;
Continent. Ginkell, gieatly excited, declared that he would
teach the Irish to play tricks with them, and began to make
preparations for a cannonade. Sarsfield came to the English
camp, and tried to justify what he had done. The altercation
was sharp. " I submit," said Sarsfield, at last : "I am in
your power." " Not at all in my power," said Ginkell ; "go
back and do your worst." The imprisoned officer was liber-
ated ; a sanguinary contest was averted ; and the two com-
manders contented themselves with a war of words. Ginkell
put forth proclamations assuring the Irish that, if they would
live quietly in their own land, they should be protected and
favoured, and that if they preferred a military life, they
should be admitted into the service of King William. It was
added that no man, who chose to reject this gracious invita-
tion and to become a soldier of Louis, must expect ever again
to set foot on the island. Sarsfield and Wauchope exerted
their eloquence on the other side. The present aspect of
affairs, they said, was doubtless gloomy ; but there was bright
sky beyond the cloud. The banishment would be short. The
return would be triumphant. Within a year the French
would invade England. In such an invasion, the Irish trooji«,
if only they remained unbroken, would assuredly bear a chief
part. In the meantime it was far better for them to live in a
neighbouring and friendly country, under the parental care of
their own rightful King, than to trust the Prince of Orange,
who would probably send them to the other end of the world
to fight for his ally the Emperor against the Janissaries.
The help of the Roman Catholic clergy was called in. On
the day on which those who had made up their minds to go to
France were required to announce their determination, th«'
likely to pro
Ived to seek
[riilly (Jesirou.s
of troops as
'"is. Giiikcli
[men to swell
to the treaty.
li canijMJaiiied
cused of put-
|to go to tJK!
phat he would
iegan to make
o the English
lie altercation
it : " I am in
(Jinkell ; "go
cer was liber-
the two com-
)ids. Ginkell
if thev wouhl
t/
protected and
by life, tiiey
lliam. It was
'acious invita-
)ect ever again
cliope exerted
sent aspect of
ere was bright
>e short. The
the French
e Irish trooj>+^,
y bear a chief
m to live in a
irental care of
ce of Orange,
of the world
■isaries.
ailed in. On
linds to go to
nination, the
427
priests vrere indefatigable in exhorting. At the head of every
regiment a sermon was preached on the duty of adhering to
the cause of the Church, and on the sin and danger of non-
sorting with unbelievers. Whoever, it was said, should enter
the service of the usurpers would do so at the peril of his soul.
The heretics affirmed that, after the peroration, a plentiful
allowance of l)raiidy was served out to the audience, and that,
when the brandy had been swallowed, a bishojt pronounced a
benediction. Thus duly prepared by physical and moral stim-
ulants, the garrison, consisting of about fourteen thousand in-
fantry, was drawn up in the vast meadow which lay on the
Clare bank of the Shannon. Here copies of Ginkell's procla-
mation were profusely scattered about ; and English officers
went through the ranks imploring the men not t(» ruin them-
selves, and explaining to them the advantages which the
soldiers of King \^'^illiam enjoyed. At length the decisive
moment came. The troops were ordered to pass in review.
Those who wished to remain in Ireland were directed to file
off at a particular spot. All who passed tliat spot were to be
considered as having made their choice for France. Sarsfield
and Wauchope on one side, Porter, Coningsby and CUnkell on
the other, looked on with painful anxiety. D'Usson and his
countrymen, though not uninterested in the spectacle, found it
hard to preserve their gravity. The confusion, the clamour,
the grotesque appearance of an army in which there could
scarcely be seen a shirt or a pair of pantaloons, a shoe or a
stocking, presented so ludicrous a contrast to the orderly and
brilliant appearance of their master's troops, that they amused
themselves by wondering what the Parisians would say to see
such a force mustered on the plain of Crenelle.
First marched what was called the Koyal regiment, fourteen
hundred strong. All but seven went beyond the fatal point.
Cinkell's countenance showed that he was deeply mortified.
He was consoled, however, by seeing the next regiment, which
consisted of natives of Ulster, turn off to a man. There had
arisen, notwithstanding the community of blood, language and
religion, an antipathy between the Celts of Ulster and those of
the other three? oroVinces ; nor is it improbable that the ex-
ample and influence of Baldearg O'Donnel may have had some
effect on the people of the land winch his forefathei-s had ruled.
i
(
i
'
*1
1 ^
1 iM
III most of tin* rr<;inu'nts tlieni was u division ot o^Miiion ,
but a grt'Jit luajoiiLy diclaitMl tor Friiiice. Hcuiy Lutticll was
one of those wlio tiirnod off. lie was n^wanU'd for his dc-
sortion, and porhaps for other services, with a ;^rant of the
hirge estate ot liis ehh'i- brother Simon, who firmly adhered to
the cause of .bunes, with a pension of Hve hundred pounds a
year from tlie Crown, and with the abhorrence of tlie INtmaii
CathoHc po])uhition. Aft«M- living in vveallii, luxury and iii
famy, during a qnarter of a centuiy, Henry liUttr(dl was nnir
(k'red while going through l)id)lin in his sedan chair ; ami the
Irish House of ('Oninu)ns declared that then^ was leason to
suspect that he had fallen by tlu; revenge of the Papists.
Eighty years after his death his grave near Luttrellstown was
violated by the descendants of tliosc^ whom he had betrayed,
and liis skull was broken to pieces with a pickaxe. I'Ik; dt^adly
liatred of which he was the object descended to his son and to
his grandson ; and unhappily, nothing in the character either
of his son or of his gramlson tended to mitigate the feeling
which tlu^ ujinie of Luttrell excited.
When the long procession liad closed, it was found that
about a tlu)usand men had agreed to enter Williami's service.
About two thousand accepted passes from C;linkell, and went
rpiietly home. About eleven thousand returiKul with Sarstield
to the city, A few hours after the garrison ha(i passed in re-
view, the horse, who w«'re encamped some miles from the town,
were required to make their choice ; and most of them volun-
teered for France.
Sarsfield considered the troops who remained with him as
under an irrevocable obbgation to go abroad ; ajid, lest they
should be tempted to letract their consent, he confined them
within the ramparts, and ordered the gates to be shut and
strongly guarded. Giidtell, though in his vexation he muttered
some threats, seems to have felt that he could not justifiably
interfere. But the precautions of the Irish general were fai
from being completely successful. It was by no means strange
that a superstitious and excitable kerne, with a sermon and a
dram in his head, should be ready to promise whatever his
priests required ; neither was it strange that, when he slept oft
his liquor, and vvIkmi anathemas were no longer ringing in his
ears, he should feel })ainful misgivings. He had bound himself
I Is! i
to^'o int(» «'xil(', |K'rli;i|»s tor lite, I.ivmikI that dicary rxpiuisr ot
vvat»!rs which impicssiMl his rmh' Tiiiiid with mystrtioiis terror.
His Uiou^'hts ran on all he. was to leave, on tlu; well known
peat stack ami potato ground, and on the mud cabin, which,
luunhli' as it was, was still his home. lie was never again to
see the old lamiliar faces round the turf lire, or to hear the
familiar notes of the old (/eltic son<;s. The ocean was to roll
between him arid tin; dweMin;;- of his jurey headed parents and
his blooming- sweetheart. Theiv were some wl)o, uua])h' to
l)ear the misery of such a separation, and, liudiug it impossible
to pass the sontimds who watched tlu^ gates, sprang into the
river and gained the opposite bank. 'The iiundier of tlu-se
daring swimnuus, however, was iu)t, great ; and tlu^ army
would probalily have been transported almost entire if it had
rcnniim'd at Limerick till the day of embarkation. Hut many
of the vessels in which the voyage was to b(i ))erformed lay at
(Jork ; and it was m,'cessary tliat Sar.slidd sliouhl proceed
thither with sonu! of liis best regiments. It was a march of not
less than four days through a wild country. To [uevent agih*
youths, familiar with all the shifts of predatory life, from
stealing off to the bogs and woods under cover of the night,
was impossible. Indeed, numy soldiers had the audacity to
run away by bi-oad daylight Ix-fnre they were out of sight
of Limerick Cathedral. The lloyal regiment, which had,
on the day of the review, set so striking an exam])l<' of fidelity
to the cause of .James, dwindled down from fourtecai hundred
men to five hundred. Before the ships depi)rted, news came
that those who saded by the first ships had 1)ecn ungraciously
received at Brest. They had l)een scantily fed ; they had been
unable to obtain either pay or clothing ; though winter Avas
setting in, they slept in the fields with no covering but the
hedges. Many had been heai-d to say that it would hiivv bet^n
far better to die in old eland than to live in the inhospitable
country to which they had been banished. The effects of those
reports was that hundreds, who had long peisisted in their in-
tention of emigrating, refused at the last moment to go aboard,
threw down their arms, and returned to their native villages.
Sarsfield perceived that one chief cause of the (lesertion
which was thinning his army, was th<' natural unwillingness of
the men to leave their families in a state of destitution. Cork
I - t
1
!■
V
I
' I ■'
H!
I*i
\i *
430
and its neighbourhood were fiUed with the kindred of those who
were going abroad. Great numbers of women, many of them
leading, carrying, or suckling their infants, covered all the
roads which led to the place of embarkation. The Irish gene
ral, apprehensive of the effect which the entreaties and lamenta-
tions of these poor jreiitures could not fail to produce, put
forth a proclamation, in which he assured his soldiers that tlioy
should be permitted to carry their wives and families to France.
It would be injurious to the memory of so brave and loyal a
gentleman to suppose that when he made this promise he
meant to break it. It is much more probable that he had
form -(i an erroneous estimate of the number of those who
would demand a passage, and that he found himself, when it
was too late to alter his arrangements, unable to keep his word.
After the soldiers had embarked, room was found for the
families >f many. But still there remained on the water side
a great multitude clamouring piteously to be taken on board
As the last boats put off there was a rush into the surf. Some
women cauglit hold of the ropes, were dragged out of tlieir
depth, clung till their fingers were cut through, and perished in
the waves. Tlie ships began to move. A wild and terrible
wail rose from the shore, and excited unwonted compassion in
hearts steeh^d by hatred of the Irish race and of the Romish
faith. Even the stern Cromwellian , now at length, after a des-
perate .struggle of three years, left the undisputed lord of the
lolood-stained and devastated island, could not hear unmoved
that bitter cry, in whicli was poured forth .;11 the rage and all
the sorrow of a conquered nation.
t
• If
1
11
i
,
ii
4
FINIS.
o.
cl of those who
many of them.
3vered all the
'he Irish gene-
s and lanienta-
produce, put
liers that they
iiies to France.
re and loyal ii
is promise he
that he had
of those who
mself, when it
keep his word.
found for the
the water side
ken on board
le surf. S(>me
. out of iheir
Lud perished in
L and terrible
compassion in
of the Romish
th, after a des-
ed lord of the
hear unmoved
le rage and al)
Jasl, '/mhlishj'il, in- oiw, thick rolv/nic, vvovyn, <>ct■(. v. S.
•An enemy hath done this." Mat. nmI. •_'«.
TOIIONTO :
MAt^LKAR .V. CO., PUBLISIIF.RS.
^ 1874.
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CON^TENTS.
[For full Index, see close of book.]
T. The Devii the God of this World —Who is he ?— What is
he ? — His mental, moral and physical powers
1 1 . Magnitude and Mischief of Sin . — The cause of all human
woe — Why it is permitted — What hath sin done ? — Its
effect upon divine and human government, and our rela-
tion to God — Mentally — Morally — Socially
III, The Devil in Bible Tijnes.— Before the Deluge— In Old
Testament times — He turns the nations of the earth to
idolatry — InNewTepaiment times — ITis corrux^tion of the
Church
IV . The Devil in the Early Christian Church.— Its persecu-
tions and martyrs during Apostolic times and the Refor-
mation — Corruption and priestly usurpation
V. The Devil in War. — The sacrifice of life in ancient and
modern Avars — Statistics of ChristiaH nations — War debts
of different nations
VI. War — Conthiued. — Its untold evils — Modern wars — Their
wholesale destruction — Demoralizing effects — The duty
of Christians
VII. Intemperance. — A stronghold of the Devil — Its influence
on labour, industry and morals — Its cost of money and
life — Statistics from England, Franco and Americ.
VIH. Intemperance — Coiitlmied.—ltii physical, mental, and
moral cllects upon the race — The aiithov of the saddest
calamities on land and sea, and in the everyday walks of
life '
CONTEN'f'S.
-What is
1 human
ue ? — Its
our rela-
-In Old
earth to
on of the
persecu-
le Rofor-
ient and
^ar debta
3— Their
'lie duty
nfluence
•ney and
icu,
tal, and
saddest
walks of
IX. The Perversion of Intellect.— Mind tlio prime mover of
all action and power — Literature, sciencu, history, music,
and their sad perversions
X. The Perversion of Wealth,— iAloney a great pow or in tlie
hands of Satan — Cost of sin, pride, ambition, luxury, ex-
travagance, war, rum, tobacco, etc
XI. The Perversion of Wealth- ''';^-iioe — (ireat estates — Temptations of
riches — Protestant extravagance and waste of wealth in
matters of religion
XI II. The Perversion of the Press.— Periodical Press— Reli-
gious Press— The Press catering to frauds, corruption,
licentiousness and infidelity — Pijinance, liction, music and
song
XIV. Satan in False Religions. — Their origin, history and
philosophy — Their relation to the one true religion
XV. False Religions — Continwd. — Historic religiim — Pro>
gressive revelation — Christianity a religion for man
XVI. Modern Spurious Religions. — Tluir i)ractical tcuiden-
cies and results — Intiuencu on character, society and g(j-
vernments
XVII. Popery thu Great Counterfeit— Great truths which
Rome has preserved, yet perverted— Resmuljling Paganism
XVIII. False Religions Romanism.— How indeliied to
Paganism — Festivals — Monkery— Rosary — Idolatry- - I 'ur-
gi^tory
XIX. Romanism. -C((/(f(/i)U'/.— A non-teaching priesrho.Ml —
No P>ilde— A i»eiseculing Cliurch
XX. False Religions -Jesuitism. Character of ilie I'r.iiei-
nity -Jesuits in America— Their spii-ii and [loUey un-
changed
8
■}t' i
M
CONTKNTS
XX r. The Devil in Man.— His appetites, aspirations, capabi-
lities and siiacoptibilities perverted
XXI r. Satan in the Marriage Relation.— Sanctity of Mar-
riai!;e — Its vital relation to Society, the State and Cluirch
— Easy divorce fatal to them all
XXI IT. The Devil in " Latter Times."— Some of his most re-
cent doings — The late Civil War — Commnne Insurrection
in Paris— The Devil in New York— Riots of 1803 and 1871
— Tannnany Ring — Frauds — Modern Intidelity
XXIV. Yet Later Demonstrations of the Devil.— Crime in
New York — Profanation of tlie Sabbath — Opening libraries
— War upon the Bible — Upon onr common schools —
Frands — Licentious literature
XXV. The Remedy.— "The restitution of all things."— The
final and complete conc^nest — The nsiirper deposed and
cast out for over — The earth renewed — Eden restored —
The universal reign of righteousness and peace
5£, The Author of '' GOD IN HISTORY/' whoso " praise
is in all the Churches," needs no further introduction to the
retuliug pul)lic than the mere fact that the counterpart of lii.s
former great Work, "THE FOOTPRINTS OF SATAN,"
is now ready for delivery.
To ensure it general circulation, the AVork will be sold
only by subscription, through our own accredited Agents ;
anil to this end we invite the co-operation of ClI'^IKtYMKN,
SA1U3AT1I and Day Scifooi. Tka<'|[i:rs, Students, and Bouk
AcENTS, Male and Femalk generally — to all or any of whom
we are prepared to make a lil)eral allowance for special
efforts in the dissemination of this Most Valltap.le AVukk.
Terms >r, , Ic known oi; application to tlu'- Rublishers,
MAUL FAR ^L CO.,
Toronto.
IS, capabi-
y of Mar-
d Church
most rc-
niTection
and 1871
THE IJFR, EXTRAORDINARY ADVENTURES,
UN'nKIN(; I'I'RSICVERANCP.. AND INVALUABLE
DISCOVERIES
OK
Dr. David Livijtgstoite.
DClUNG About
Crime in
libraries
schools —
m %ii\m.
3."— The
»sed and
stored —
BBINa A CONNKCTKl) NA» lATIVB OF TIIK
pi\EAT pXPLOREF^'S LiFE FROM HIS jBlRTH,
DOWN TO
5sp "praise
.'tion to the
'p;ut of Iiis
SATAN,"
ill b(3 sold
d Agents ;
and Bouiv
y of whom
'or special
LE Work.
<^' CO.,
ro.
HIS RECENT DISCOVERY AA'D RELIEF
BY H. M. STANLY.
ONE VOLUME, CROWN 8V0., ILLUSTRATED.
Price Two l>ollar8.
MACLEAK &c CO.,
PuHLisHKRS, Toronto.
-A^iiToi 1 Ls AV^ai itx h1.
1'
t
! I.
l\ \
,' »'
A WKLI. WlilTTKN
LIFE OF DR. LIVINGSTONE,
Whicli h:is commanded tlie warmest approval of the literary world for years.
ALL DR. LIVINGSTONE'S LETTERS
TO
MEMBERS OF HEH MAJESTY'S CADINET, SCIENTIFIC MEN, &0. IN ENGLAND
AND THE UNITED STATES.
AS WEI.Ii A3 TO
HIS BROTHER. IN CANADA.
ALL MR. STANLEY'S LETTERS FROM AFRICA
To till.' New York Ilorald, wiiifli cost its publisher $20,000,
All written and edited at leisure, and ciiverin<,' a peri(.id including the life of nearly
I I
But it has no connection in any way with a book, sold at the
extortionate price of $5, and so severly handled by the English
papers for its looseness, egotism, and hasty construction, and
covering, all told, a period little more than a year.
Our book contains about twice the reading matter contained
in the volume referred to.
TORONTO :
MACLEAR & CO., Publishers^,
.I3srs
THE TRANSMISSION OF LIFE.
JTONE,
orld for years.
ERS
&c. IN ENGLAND
imtu,
M AFRICA
,000,
ihe life of nearly
k, sold at the
y the English
bruction, and
ber contained
COUNSELS ON THE
Nature and Hygiene of the Masculine Function.
BY
DR. GEORGE H. NAPHEYS,
4uthoi' of " The rhy.vcal Life of Woman,'' ^^ Compendium of
Modern ThcrapeiUics,'^ ^' Letters from Europe,'^ etc.
One Volume Crown Octavo,
Best Englissli Clotli, Oilt Bade and
Side Stamps.
TESTIMONIALS.
The publishers take pleasure in presenting the following
testimonials to the practical value and the moral tone of this
work :
REV. JOIINTODD, D.D.,
Author of " The Student, s Manual " Index Rerum,'' etc.
" Dr. Napheys : I am surprised at th« extent and accuracy
of your reading; the judiciousness ot your positions and re-
sults ; the clear, unequivocal, and yet delicate and appropri-
ate language used ; and the amount of valuable information
conveyed. It is comparatively a new, but very important
field, and you have done well. The book cannot fail, 1 think,
to do good — great good — it rightly heeded."
BISHOP LEVI SCOTT, D.D.,
Methodist Episcopal Church.
'' I partake largely of the favourable opinion of Dr, Todd,
and wish your work great success.''
rs?.
F
A'Y
I S;
TTlANSMISarON OP [,IFR.
i{i*:v. (!YUi[s Nirrr, jxd.,
Presiilent of Iwliana State UnhHraitij.
1 know of no work recently issued fVoni the })i'ess, calculated
to do so much good as " The 'IVansniission of Liie/' It con-
tains inComiation of the utmost inii)ortancc to the individual
and the race, and should have a wide circulation.
PROF. J. OUDRONAUX, LL.D., M.D.,
Prof, of Phmiolofore the public, in popular yet irreproiichablo language,
uhat information regarding the hygiene, nature, uses, and
abuses v ■ the procreative function in the male is necessary to
protect the individual from the evil consequences ot liis own
folly or ignorance. It will readily be conceived that to discuss
such topics clearly, positively, and with benetit to the lay
reader, requires no ordinary tact; and we must say that the
author has succeede i beyond all our expectations. The work
is characterised throughout by sound scientific views, and in-
dicates extensive and careful reading.
AMERICAN LITERARY GAZEITE.
Ppiiladelphia, March 15, 1871.
Those who are acquainted with the author's "Physical Life
or Woman" will find tliis new book fully equal to that very
popular and extraordinarily successful work, to which it may
be said to ibrm a sequel, being addressed to the other sex.
NEW YORK INDEPENDENT.
March 30, 1871.
The book treats of an important and difficult sut)ject with
perfect delicacy of thougjit and expression, and its counsels
are eminently sound and Judicious. It is, we believe, calcula-
ed to do great good.
TRANSMISSION OP MPP).
ANPIiKW D. WIIITIO. I-L.D.,
J\ciiident of (Ji>rncll Umvcr,si(y.
Your tlioughtt'ul and (ielicato presoritatioii of the subject
leeniH to mo to merit great praise. That your discussion will
do much gooii 1 hrmly l)eHeve.
REV. W. T. 8T()1T,
Acting Prcsiosloiity, is a really awl'id ono, and ought to l»
just as niuoh nioro avvi'ul to young men, as if, nioio ileeply
oonooins their wellaro. (live it as 'great a circulation as yon
can.''
REV. C. P. SHELDON, D.D.,
l^rsident of fhc X. F. Ilnplisl Qmccntion, Pasfor of the Fi/'/h
Jiapfist C/nnr/i, Troy, N. Y.
''Thesuhjeots of whi.'h it treats are ofgreat importance ; and
J am much pleased with the careful, candiai'ted, that it
caniK^t but he healtlifitl aiirht to (>
'•loio ileoply
jiatioii us yon
of Ihe Fifii,
witanco; find
•il'Io manner
'<- nooil Jiisi
>'to(l, (hat if
ind i'(^liiiri()iis
1^1 its pul.li
-^rk on " The
I'lo infonn.'i
lectfid. TJio
I possiMe ro-
oorning tlio
:noiance l.v
■i til Cully a(i
; the liter-
CUOUS ; IJio
our heart ;
has togivo
ncy of tJio
orrent and
restraints
HON. T. W. P.H KNELL,
Vice I'rcsiilent lihoilr Is/mid Insfitufc o/ tusfnodon.
I liav(>, ri'ad"'rh(». Transmission of Lilo,'' l)y \)v. Naphfys,
and find tiio vohnno lillod with truths which every nmn l»oiiM
know, uiKlcrsland, and daily pnictisiv 'Dm aiiihoi- exJiihits
knowlodgo, wido roaal of all men,
both professional anil unprofessional.
FKOM TilK L^ACIFIC ClirTRCHMAN.
San b'KAN('is< .. May, IS, LS'l.
This is a book for honest, Goddcaring men and women. Its
subject is one of ihe most important and sacred in the w nld,
and is treated with the highest scientific nnd prolessionid
ability ; and, wliat is more important, is written from a Chris-
tian standpoint. It is one of the good sign - of the times that
such matters are written upon by honest, al)lo hands, and th<^
li(!ld not abandoned to quae ks. Every young married couple
should possess and read it.
FROM TlfE CTIKISTIAN ADVOCATE.
Nashville, June -, 1871.
The delicate and difficult subject is handled with great skill,
prudence, nndfidclity. The apailing prevalence of licentious-
ness in all its forms in our country shows that t'lo question
must no longer be allowed to rest. The retice.ice and fas
tidijusness which have characterised the pulpit, the i)ress,
the lecture-room, etc., nuist give way to earnest, well tlire(>ted
efforts to stop the plague, which is sapping the foumlations
of society.
We call earnestly i4)on parents, pastors, and teachers to
watch over the youth committed to their care with the utmost
vigilance, so as to save them from the first transgression and
in order to this, you would do well to procuie this volume
iiiid give it a serious nnd careful jmm'ii-.mI.
IMAGE EVALUATION
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Photographic
Sdences
Corporation
23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580
(716) 872-4503
HE' V
Hi -:
i' 3 1- .
im
^
TRANSMISSION OF MFH.
REV. HENRY A. NjilLSON, D.D.,
J'rofessor of Systematic and Has f oral Thenloijtj, Lane Scminan/,
Cincinnati^ Ohio.
" You have treated an important subject with great wisdom
:ind fidelity. I could wibh every young pevson to receive
early the valuable — shall I not say necessary ? — instruction
which it contains."
REV. ABNER JACKSON, D.D., LL.D.
President of Trinity College.
"I have found your volume both interesting and instructive,
[t contains a large amount of useful information and suggestion
in regard to human welfare and duty. Matters of great deli-
cacy, but of great importance in their bearings on health and
happiness, are here treated of in a manner to instruct and
guide, without shocking, or giving offence. The wide circula-
tion of this work cannot fail to do good.
REV. WM. A. 3TEARNS, D.D., LL.D.
President of Amherst College.
It is a diflBcult subject, which you have treated with pro
priety and success. The information which you give is of the
greatest importance to the community, and especially to young
men ; and it is a thousand times better that they receive it
from a work like yours, than be left to obtain it from sources
of doubtful influence, or from bitter experience."
REV. SAMSON TALBOT, D.D.,
President of Denison University^ Ohio.
1 have read carefully the advance sheets of " The Transmis-
sion of Life," and most heartily join in recommending its
publication. The candour and learning of the author are
very manifest ; the information imparted is just that which
the i ublic most needs, and the moral tone of the work is
altogether pure and elevating.
REV. GEORGE W. SAMSON, D.D.,
President of Columbian College.
I have read " The Transmission of Life " with care, so has my
eon, who is a practising physician. I regard it as scholarly in
its discussion, chaste in its expression, and unobjectionable in
every respect. I cannot but commend this worthy eliort in a
field where faithful instruction is so much needed.
^^vrl
TRANSMrSSiON OV LIFB.
KEV. H. CLAY TRUMBULL,
Missionary Secretary for New England of the American S.S. Union.
"Your new work, on " The Transmission of Life," is one that
every boy, and every man, every bachelor, parent, or teacher,
shouli • have and read and be grateful for. I have given suffi-
cient study to the ways and needs of boys and yo\mg men, to
appreciate perhaps more fully than most, tho importance of
your theme. I have been much instructed by your writings,
and I desire others to be benefitted thereby."
Rt. rev. THOMAS MARCH CLARK, D.D., LL.D,
Protestant Episcopal Bishop of Rhode Island.
" I do not hesitate to say that I regard it as a most timely
and valuable treatise on an important and delicate subject. 1
do not see a line to which the most fastidious could object, and
I believe that its general circulation among the young would
avert a vast amount of misery and sin."
BISHOP T. A MORRIS, D.D.,
Methodist Episcopal Church.
''The subject of this work is one of intense interest, and
the manner of treating it is very proper. Both will command
public attention and approval. May the book find a hearty
welcome among all the wise and good."
REV. LEONARD BACON, D.D.,
New Haven, Connecticut.
I think you have treated very judiciously a difficult subject.
My belief that some such work may be useful is derived from
the fact that the newspapers in all parts of the country over-
flow with advertisements addressed to the ignorance, the fears,
and the guilt of transgressors. If your book can diminish
the sale of the nostrums offered in those advertisements —
still more, if it can put any on their guard against the vices
which make such advertisements worth paying for, you will
have done a good work."
REV. J. AVERY SHEPHERD, D.D.,
Head Master of St. Glemenfs Ilall, EUicott Oity, Md.
The subjects treated of are not merely of great interest,
hey are of vital importance. My decided impression is that
this work wilt do yood.
IUANSM1B810N OF LIITK
THE MORAVIAN.
It is not often that one sees a really commendable book on
KO delicate, and yet so extremely important, a subject as that
which is treated in Dr. (Jleorge 11. Naphey's " Transmit rion ol
Lil'e,"' The author speaks candidly and plainly, using no
technical ternis, and yet without olionding the purest taste or
leeling. The moial tone of the woik is altogether unexcep-
tionable. It meets a gicat popular want, imparting ini'orma
tion for the want of which many a young man is ruined, body
antl soul. Its common sense and earnest tone commend itci
counsels to all.
THE CONGKECiATIONALlST.
"The Transmission ot Jii'e," by Dr. Napheys, is an elaborate
and carefuUy-pi'eiiarod treatise which has been highly com-
mended by competent judges. It treats of subjects of great
importance to human health and happiness, and does this with
equal plainness and delicacy.
i l!
rilOF. C1IARLE8 A. LEE, M.D.,
Emcriiius Projesnor of JIi/(/ienc in the Universiiy of BnJJalo,
From a careful perusal ot your work, " The Transmission ot
Life," I Ihid you have been remarkably successiul in treating
a delicate but most important subject so as not to offend the
most i'astitlious taste, while you have given all the inlormatioii
and facts needed for the instruction of the young in this
branch oi' physiology. Your work, moreover, has a high moial
and religious tone, which must particularly recommond it to
the better classes of society and those engaged in the oltic<;
of instruction. I trust it may be the means of ejecting a
vast amount of good, and to this end I wish it may have a
wide circulation.
REV. EDWARD COKE, D.D.,
Principal Wcsletjan Academy^ Wilbraham, Mass.
My experience as an educator ot young men has taught me
the dangers of ignorance on the subjects therein treated. Jt
seems to me Dr. Napheys has furnislied just the information
needed. The work must, if freely circulate aims to furnish informa-
tion to women, in their peculiar cc^Ii 'ions and relations, mar
ried and single, so as to enable them to preserve their own
health, and perform their duties to themselves and their chil-
dren. The most delicate subjects are treated in language so
chaste as not to offend any pure mind.
EDITORIAL FROM PHILADKLPMTA MEDICAL AND SURGi-
CAL REPORTER.
It is a singular fact, that in this country most of the
works on medical hygienic matters have been written by ir-
regular practitioners in order to help on its legs some ism or
pathy of their own. The public is really desirous of informa-
tion about the great questions of life and health. It buys
whatever ia offered it, and cannot tell of course the tares from
the wheat. In fact, as we have said, there has been very little
wheat offered it. Scientific physicians do not seem to have
taken the pains in this cowntry, as in Germany, to spread
sound medical information among the people.
We therefore welcome all the more warmly a work which,
under any circumstances, would command our praise, advance
sheets of which are now before us. The author is Dr. George
H, Napheys, of this city, well known to all the readers of the
" Keporter " as a constant contributor to its pages for a number
of years, a close student of therapeutics, and a pleasing writer.
The title of the book is '< The Physical Life of Woman ; advice
to the Maiden, Wife, and Mother." It is a complete manual
of information for women, in their peculiar conditions and
relations, married and single.
The style is simple, agreeable, and emin'fently proper and
delicate, conspicuously so when treating of such difficult
topics to handle in a popular book, yet so necessary to be
handled, as the marital relations of husband and wife, the con-
summation of marriage, etc.
We do not doubt that this work will find as large a sale both
in and out of the profession in this country, as the works of
Bockh and Klencko in Germany, and of Tilt and Chavasse in
England.
i; 1 1
tj-^r^
) SURGI-
l-HYSICAI, LIFK Of WOMAN.
FUOM JiEV. HORACE BUSIINELL, D.D.
llAiiTKouD- Conn., Sold., ISf)'.).
Oko. H. Nai'iikys, M.D., —
JJmrSir: I liavo roailalarge part cl'your book with iiitoiost.
I shrink from expressing any estimate of it as respects its
physiological merit, l)ut it seems to ho a hook vvell studied,
and it is written with nuich dehcacy and a careful respect, at
all points, to the great interests of morality. It will certainly
boa great help to intelligence on the subject, and ought,
therefore, to be corresj>ondently useful.
Very respectfully yours,
IIOKACE BU811NELL.
FROM HARVEY L. BYRD, M.D.,
Professor c f Ohsldrics in the Medical iJeparlmeut of Washington
Unloersity of Baltimore, Mari/laiHi.
Baltimore, Sept, 1869.
Dr. Geo. H. Naimieys, Philadelphia, —
Dear Sir : 1 have examined with much pleasure and satis-
iaction your work on '' The Physical Lite of Woman," and do
not liesitate to commend it most warmly to our countrywomen,
for whose benefit it is intended. 1 congratulate you on the
lelicitous manner in which you aave treated so ditticult a
subject, and would recommend it to the i)ul)lic as supplying
a want that has long been lelt in this country,
Omne verutn utile diciu,{ind what can be more proper, or more
useful, than that woman should be made ac(iuainted with the
great laws of her being, and the duties for which she yra,^
created ?
Very respectfully, your obed't servant,
HARVEY L. BYIiD.
OPINION OF S. W. BUTLER, M.D.,
Editor of the Philadelphia ^' Medical and Surgical Reporter. ^^
I have carefully examined "The Physical Life of Woman,"
ii-nd find it a work at once thoroughly representing modern
science, and eminently adapted for family instruction. It i?
well suited to female readers, to whom it is especially addressed
both in the matter it contains and in the delicacy with which
points relating to their physiological life are mentioned.
;-% W. BUTLER,
k
*. h
J
PltYaiCAF. I.IFK OK WOMAN,
FKOM WM. A. HAMMOND, M.D.
IjiUi' Siif;/fon (tcitcnil of IT. S. Attui/ . IVofh.snr a/' lUsmsf's af Ihr
Mind (iti4i yi.rmus Si/stcin, oolc on ''The I'hysical Lite of Woman."
I am glad that the subject has boon taken n)) by one who shows
himself so thoroughly (lualilied for the tasK, and I trust the
instruction and advice contained in the volume will reach
every woman in the land.
Yours, sincerely,
WILLIAM A. HAMMOND.
PROM REV. HENRY WARD BEECHER,
Brooklyn, N.Y., 8opt. 1869.
Di\ (jho. TL Napiieys, —
Pear Sir : i have examined your volume, " The Physical
l/ifo of Woman,'' ami desire to thank you for performing a
work so Ion,', needed, so ditfioult to perform, and now, at
length, so wc 11 done by you. Every mother should have tills
book, nor sh3uld she sutler a child to be married without the
knowledge vrhich this work contains. Thousands have tlragged
through mis3ral)le lives, and many have perished for want ol
such knowledge. It is to be hoped, too, now that these deli-
cate topics have been so modestly and plainly treated, that
your work will supersede the scores of ill-considered and often
mischievous treatises addressed '' to the married," which too
often serve the lusts of men under the pretence of virtue.
HENRY WARD BEECHER.
EXTRACT PROM LETTER RECEIVED FROM JOHN H.
GRIMSON, M.D.
New York, Sept. 1869.
Dr. Napiieys, —
Ml/ Dear Sir: "The Physical Life of Woman " is a very
scientific and intolloctually written work, and contains almost
all the physiological and sanitary facts and directions ncoled
for the preservation of the health and longevity of the mwalen,
wife and mother. It must prove attractive and ui;eful ior any
lady who reads it.
Your sincere friend,
JOHN H. GRIMSON.
PIIVSirAI, MFK Of WOMAN
'.V of the
k Belle-
IHG9.
Is faction
^oman."
Jio h1iow3
I'Ufit the
U reach
[OND.
1869.
Physical
brniing a
now, at
have this
thout the
)ch'agge(l
'1' want of
lese flcii-
,ted, that
md often
Yhich too
virtue.
IN H.
t. 1869.
s a very
IS almost
s noo'led
) nijiaien,
il ior any
MSON.
EXTRACTS FROM LV/VTVAi IIEORIVF^I) FFiOM MDWAUD Itf
WNUW, M.D., OF I'UOVIDENCE, ItlloDK ISLAND.
pROviDBNOii:, Sept., 1H69.
Dr Napiiky.s, —
Dear Sir : I have examined with much interest theadvanoo
sheets of your f)ook, " Tlie Physical Life of Woman;" 1 am
highly i)loasod with it. Tlio advice given seems to me to he
generally (lorrect and Judiciously expressed ; and in my opin
ion the wide circulation of the i)Ook would be a IjonofiL to |he
community.
Truly yours,
EDWIN. M. SNOW.
PROM REV. GEORGE ALEX. GROOKK, D.D., D.C.L.
Pmr.ADBM'iiiA, .Sei)t., 1869.
Dr. Gao. IT. NArnETs, —
Dear Sir : I have carefully read your work entitled ''The
Physical liile of Woman," and as the result, 1 must candidly
say that 1 believe the information itcontain.s is well calculated
to lessen sutlering and greatly benefit the human race. I
know there are .some falsely fastidious persons who would ol).
ject to any work of the kind, but " to the ptu'o all things are
pure." You liavc done your part fearlessly and well, and in
a popular manner, and I trust that your woi-k may be produc-
tive of all the good you design I)y its publication.
Very faithfully,
GEO. ALEX. CROOKE.
OPINION OF LLOYD P. SMITH.
Librarian riiiladdphia Uhrary.
Library Co. of Piiilapblpiiia, Fif-tii St. i^el. CnRSNnT,
PriiLADKLPHiA, Sept., 1869.
It is an open question whether books de .ferrefis muUerum
should be written for the general public. I)ut there is no
doubt that when they are written, it should be done by the
regular medical faculty and not l)y ignorant quacks. Dr.
Nap..eys' '' Physical Life of Woman " shows not only the
scientific attainments of 1 he author, but also a wide range of
miscellaneous reading. The delicate subj'ects treated of are
handled with a seriousness and earnestness becoming their
impoi'tance, and the author's views are expressed in excellent
English.
LLOYD P. SMITH.
I'MV.SICAI. \.iry. OK WOMAN
i, 'I
"!'■
LK/l'TI'lU IIKCKIVKI) KliOM IlKV. OKO. HRINtimiUST.
liertnr of I he /*. K. Clutrck of ttw. Messiah, l*hi/ad(i.
ririLADia-i'niA, SopU, 18fi'J.
Dr. Oko ILNaphkys, —
Ml/ Ihar Sir : 1 liave perused with considomltlo caro awA
jiKasuro the woikoii the " I'liysical Life ol' Woman,'' and feel
no liositation in pronouncing it admirably conipos«»d, honost,
siH'i'iiu't, r(^tiued and worthy the oonipani(^nshi|) ol" every lady
ol'this a^o. I hail il^ appearance with gratitude, and look upon
it as avalii!il)lo t^ontrihution to those etlbrts which are making
in various directions to elevate the tone oi' morals of the
iiiueteonth century, and to enable mothers to dischar^ro I'aith-
(ully the duties they owe their children.
Sincerely yours,
GEORGE BRTNGTIURST.
FROM THE MEDICAL RECORD, NEW YORK, JAN. 15, 1870.
Doctor Naphoys, in his work on "The Physical Life of
Woman." has ac(|uitted himself with infinite credit. The sub-
ject, which lor a work of its size takes a very wide range, is
treated in choice, nay elegant language, and we have not notit^ed
a single expression upon the most delicate matter, that coidd
ollbnd the most refined taste. There are, too, a great many
interesting historical facts connected with the geneiul topii;,
both in an ethii'al and physiological [)oint of view, which show
muchiliscrimination in their production, and a good amount of
sterling scliolai'ship. To the medical reader there aie many
points in the book that are worthy of attention, prominent
among which are remarks bearing upon the right of limitation
of oUspring. We sincerely hope that for the real benefit
of women, it may meet witli a hearty reception, and
1)6 productive of great good, in preventing many of these
disorders now so rife in the community, which are solely the
result of ignorance of the ordinary laws of female hygiene.
No one, however scrupulous, need fear to admit the work
within the pale of his iamily circle, and place it with conii-
dence, in the hands of his daughters.
FROM THE NEW YORK MEDICAL GAZETTE,
Jan. 8, 1870.
Though professedly written for popular instruction, this
book will not fail to instruct, as well the professional
reader. We cordially recommencl the perusal of Dr. Napheys'
book to every woman seeking a fuller acquaintance with her
physical organism.
I'llVSM.AI. I, IKK I'K WOMAN.
FKOM II. N. EASTMAN, M.D.,
Prqfc.tsor nf Proidical Medicine in Genevn Mflirnl ^fllrij^.
Gbnuva, Sept., 1869.
Quo. U. NAiMrHTfl', M.D.,—
Dear Sir : I have Just oomploted a careful roaMinp; of your
advanco shoots of'' 'I'lio IMiysical \a\\> of Woman," a!irks. Dr. Nr*">>ieys writes with dignity and earnest-
ness, and there is not a chapter in his book that may not be
road by persons of both sexes. Of course, such a work as this
is intended for men and women of mature years, and it is not
suitable to be left lying about for tlie gratification of ide curi
osity. The author has l)een careful to write nothing that can
possibly give oilbnce, and he conveys mucli sound instruction
that, if heeded by those to whom it is particularly addressed,
will save much sullering.
PHYSICAL LTKK OK WOMAN.
FKOMTHE PKESBYTEKIAN OF PHlLADELrHlA,
DEC. 4, 1869.
hi
h -1
\t !1
\i
fi
A book which treats wisely and delicately of very important
subjects, and subjects which ought to be treated by competent
nands, instead of being left to quacks and the venders of nos-
tiums. Dr. Napheys is evidently a conscientious and intelli-
gent physician, and his counsels are such as may be put in the
hands of all persons needing such counsels. We commend it
lor its judicious exposition of the laws of nature.
FROM REV. HENRY CLAY TRUMBULL,
Secretary of New England Department &f' Missions of the American
Sunday-school Xfnion.
Hartford, Ct., Oct., 1869.
Geo. H. Napheys, M.D. —
Mij Dear Sir: Understanding from my long acquaintance
•^'ith you, your thoroughness of mental culture, your delicacy
of sentiment, and your sound good sense, I was prepared to
approve heartily the tone and style of your new work — '' The
Physical Life of Woman " — when its advance sheets were first
l)laced in my hands.
A close examination of it convinces me that it is a book
which can be read by every woman to her instruction and
advantaiie. Its manner is unexceptionable. Its style is
leniarkaldy simple. Its substance evidenccM "our professional
knowledge and your extensive study. 1 beii«*«e it needs only
to be brought to notice to commend itselt widely. I think
you have done an excellent work in its preparation.
Sincerely your friend,
H. CLAY TRUMBULL.
FROM THE NEW YORK CHRISTIAN UNION,
JAN. 8, 1870.
Society ow^es a debt of gratitude to this brave and scientific
pliysician for the unexceptional way in which he has performed
a work that has, up to the publication of this book, been a
paramount need, not to he satisfied anywhere in the English
language. If the volume contained only the chapter on the in-
fluence of the mother's mind upon her unborn child, we would
"ecommend its purchase by every family in the land.
^■he American
HEglEGE OFIERRY
AND
DEFENCE OF ENNISKILLEN ;
A Narrative of the Great and Leading Events which trans
pired in Ireland during that Momentous Period
in our National History,
BY
THE REV. JOHN GRAHAM.
RECTOR of HEOILLIO AN, DIOCESE of DERRY [formorly CURATE of LIFFORD}
First Published in Londonderry in 1823. To which is added a
most Eloquent Account of the
BATTLES OF THE BOYNE, AUGHRIM,
BY LORD MAOAULAT.
WITH A BRIEF INTRODUCTION
By the Rev. W. M. PUFSHON, M.A.
One Volume^ octavo, 312 pages, strong cloth hoards^ fine thick paper ^
and new type.
Price 4tl.50— Post Free on Receipt of Price,
M^.CLEAR & CO., Publishers,
TORONTO.
Agents wanted Pvet'yivhere for this and other
Books,
v'i^ w'i
I
THE ovoiitH so eloquoutly portrayed in this work by tho
great and gifted men whose names it bears, are second in
Importance to no others in British History.
Hero we have in minute petail, found nowhere else, the long
list of heroes who nobly stood up, at the expense of life, home,
comfort, and everything but honour and conscience, to securo
for US and the whole Empire, at home and abroad, the blessinga
of Civil and Religious liberty — blessings only faintly appreciated
by too many in our days.
But for the self-sacrificing and noble deeds performed on
Irish soil during that eventful period, we might now be grovel-
ling under the hated rule of a Stuart, or mayhap a bloated
Bourbon, and as much degraded as Italy, Spain, or Portugal,
instead of each and all of every creed and colour dwelling in
peace, prosperity and happiness, under the protection of one of
the best monarchs that ever swayed an earthly sceptre.
It is surely time to look to our bearings, when the principles
for which our fathers freely shed their life-blood are repudiated
by many openly, and others covertly.
When men bearing the once-revered name of Protestant, aye,
Protestant Clergy, have set up the Confessional, the Rags and
Mummeries of Rome — keep out from their churches the pure
light of heaven, and substitute for it a few twinkling candlei,
"To mock the Saviour of mankind,
As if the God of Heaven were blind."
The eloquent Macaulay says, — "It is impossible not to re-
spect the sentiment which indicates itself by the veneration of
the people of Londonderry, and the North generally, for the
dear old city and its associations." ''It is a sentiment," ho
says, '* which belongs to the higher and purer part of human
nature, and which adds not a little to the strength of States. A
people which takes no pride in the noble achievements of remote
ancestors, will never achieve anything worthy to be remembered
with pride by remote descondants."
if
is work by the
PS, are second in
ere else, the long
be of life, home,
jcience, to secure
lad, the blessings
[intly appreciated
s performed on
t now be grovel-
ayhap a bloated
ain, or Portugal,
)lour dwelling in
)tection of one of
sceptre.
BR the principles
)d are repudiated
f Protestant, aye,
lal, the Rags and
hurches the pure
nkling candlei.
issible not to re-
'he veneration of
fenerally, for the
a sentiment," ho
part of human
gth of States. A
)ments of remote
> be remembered
" Within the city," unyn the same author, " there were seven
thousand men capabU; (»f Ixiaring arms, and the whole world
could not havo furnished seven thousand men better qualified
to meet a terrible emergency."
The Reign of Terror under which every Protestant in Ire-
land groaned at the time of the Revolution, will be seen in
the history of the events contained in this book, showing
clearly that there was no other course open to them but resist.
*nce to the Stuart dynasty, which, had it been perpetuated-
must have sunk the whole British Empire to the level of Spain,
Portugal, or Italy. And if on this Continent a British Settle-
ment existed at all, we may judge of its extent and character
by what Mexico and Lower Canada now are.
Extract from the Speech of LORD LISGAR, Oovernor-Oeneral of the
Dominion, delivered at Toronto, 5th October, 1869 .• —
His Lordship spoke of the heroes of the Irish struggle in
1688-90 as "those who successfully conducted the toilsome
retreat from Cavan— who turned to bay and held their ground
at Enniskillen, through many a month of doubt and peril-
Of whom another band sustained the LONGEST SIEGE which
ever took place in the British Islands, and watched from the
walls, which their valour made impregnable, the slow ap-
proach of the sails from Lough Foyle, which were bringing
them relief to close the conflict in their triumph— a triumph
not more glorious to the defenders than it proved advanta-
geous to them and their assailants, and to the cause of Civil
and Religious Liberty, then and for all time to come."
P'
Vi:
II' ' i
ROUGHING IT IN THE BUSH ;
FOREST LIFE IN CANADA
4 NEW AND REVISED EDITION, WITH AN INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER,
IN WHICH CANADA OF THE PRESENT IS CONTRASTED
WITH CANADA OP FORTY YEARS AGO,
BT
SUSANNA MOODIE.
"The poc exiles of wealthy and over-populous nations have generally
neen the first founders of mighty empires. Necessity and industry produc-
ing,' greater results than rank and affluence, in the civilization of barbarouai
countries. "— Blackwood.
CANADIAN EDITIOir.
Iwn.
'i^^ i \
H
1 fi-
MAOLEAK A CO., PUBLISHERS.
1872.
BUSH;
"ROUGHING IT IN THE BUSH."
BTT :LutS.S- iuIOOIDIB-
i^^^VWWM
" Faithful are Mm wounck of a friond, but the kiiwes of wi enemy are deceitfnL**
OEY CHAPTKR,
rKASTED
J have generally
induHtry i^roduo-
Lun of barbaiMunj
i.
In bringing out the first Canadian edition of "Roughinu it in the Bush,"
the PubliHhere need say but little. The work faas had an immense sale, both
in England and the United States ; yet, until now, (jur own country, of all
others th« most interested, has been denied the honour of its publication.
In her characteristically graphic introduction to this edition the venerable
authoress paints a glowing picture of "Canada, past and present." InuiLrine
another Kip Van Winkle waking up from a forty years' nap — after reading
"K,oug^'>.g it in the Bush" — carried mid-air from the storm-lashed Atlantic
to the golden shores of the Pacific, say in a baloon, reading the Census of
1871, and l)eholding our young giant empire, like Sampson of old, rending
the swaddling bands, the wyths and cords of adolescence • extending with
o:i« hand the olive-branch and with the other the cornucopia to a united
people, the freest, happiest, best governed, and most virtuous comnuuiity,
owning the largest domain on this continent ; a people who act out in fact,
what elsewhere has been treated as a fiction by its authors, that all men " are
free and equal ;" would not the ideal Dutchman of Irving, exclaim, " verily.
Truth is stranger than Fiction."
In presenting for the first time Mrs. Hoodie's greatest work in its own
native dress, the Publishers hope they know better than, at this late day, to
attempt to praise the productions of a Strickland or a Moodij, their record
in Literature, Civilization, Peace and War, is known and read of all ; but
the fact that a gi'eat, good man, bearing one of the above names has passred
to his reward, may justify in this connection the assertion that a better type
of the high-minded, kind and generous hearted, thorough-bred Christian
gentleman never trod Canadian soil, than the late lamented Colonel J, W.
Dunbar Moodie.
This Canadian edition of " Roughing it in the Bush," is complete in one
thick volume, over 500 pages- Printed on fine English paper, and embel-
lished with appropriate illustrations.
Bound in the best English cloth, price 11.76. Leather; ^2.25.
Sold by subscription only.
I'ubiishers, Toronto,
ESTABLISHED IN CANADA IN 1843.
MACLEAR & CO:,
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